Hearted Youtube comments on Extra History (@extrahistory) channel.
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In the battle of Patay, which was briefly mentioned here, the English weren't startled by a deer, they saw a deer and they shot it with their longbows, and made a ruckus about it. The french scouts heard it, and they told Joan. She then took an unusual military decision. She sent her knights ahead to meet the English in battle, leaving the infantry behind. This left the french with a disadvantage in numbers of 3 to 1, whereas otherwise they would have had the numerical advantage. However, this allowed theknights to teach the englishmen much faster, before they had fortified the field with stakes. The result is often called "reverse Agincourt", a scenario where the french cavalry charge worked as intended, because the English hadn't had the time to fortify. The English longbowmen were slaughtered, for minimal French loses. The English lost all their longbowmen and would never use them against France again, as it would take a generation before new longbowmen could be trained. They would be defeated again at Formigny and Chatillon, and then they would never again have serious plans for continental European territorial gains again.
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[Long Post Ahead] Hi everyone! I’m Rob Rath, lead writer for Hunting the Bismarck. Because sponsored episodes don’t have a LIES episode, the EH crew decided the best thing would be for me to write them here in the comments.
EPISODE I: THE PRIDE OF GERMANY
• BRITISH PERSPECTIVE: After discussing possible approaches, we chose to tell the story from the British perspective as an hour-by-hour intelligence thriller. This approach had a few big advantages: it was tense, had a propulsive narrative, and allowed us to focus on the British intelligence effort that’s usually glossed over in other documentaries. It also let us communicate the “fog of war” and show how little the British often knew. The downside, though, is it gives short shrift to the Germans—but my hope is that the Bismarck’s side of this story is already well known to most naval history fans.
• WASN’T YAMATO THE BIGGEST?: Yes, the Yamato’s displacement was larger—but it was still under construction when Bismarck sank. Yamato had already been “launched,” but that merely meant that its hull was floating in the water with its superstructure and armaments still under construction. Only after being “commissioned” into active service did it count as a real battleship.
• CANADIAN SUPPLY CONVOYS: Several people pointed out that the Royal Canadian Navy and Merchant Marines played a large role in the Atlantic convoys. This is absolutely true, and I wish we had depicted that. As a form of apology, let me offer this: did you know that four Canadian midshipmen served at the Battle of the Denmark Strait? One served on the Prince of Wales, while three died on the HMS Hood. The Hood crew also included 20 men from Newfoundland, which was not (yet) a part of Canada.
EPISODE II: THE MIGHTY HMS HOOD
• WHY WAS PRINZ EUGEN OUT AHEAD?: It actually wasn’t a strategy. When Bismarck fired at the cruiser Norfolk in Episode I, the concussion of its own guns knocked out its radar array. Prinz Eugen was going first to act as a radar picket.
• DID ALL THAT STUFF IN THE BATTLE REALLY HAPPEN?: Many people thought we took artistic license, but the events in this episode are based on the accounts of veterans and Hood survivors. One caveat: much like the circumstances of Hood’s sinking, there’s significant debate over whether Hood’s B-turret fired one last salvo. Both British and German sailors reported seeing the shot, but that doesn’t necessarily mean someone intentionally fired the guns. It’s possible that ammunition cooked off in the barrel, or that an internal explosion made it appear the guns fired.
• DIDN’T MYTHBUSTERS PROVE SHIP SUCTION IS A MYTH?: Mythbusters used a 20-foot boat, which doesn’t reflect the fluid dynamics of a sinking battleship. A large ship going down very fast can experience “downflooding,” where water pours into the large spaces in the hull and ventilation shafts, pulling floating objects down like a drain. In addition, air escaping from the ship creates bubbles and foam at the surface, making the water less dense and able to support bodies. Oil and entangling debris also contribute to dragging sailors down—all three Hood survivors described being pulled down in some way.
EPISODE III: A CHANCE TO STRIKE
• WHY DID THE BRITISH KEEP ATTACKING ALLIES?: During most combat operations, ships tried to maintain radio silence so that listening stations on land didn’t triangulate their signal and inform enemy vessels of their position. This meant a ship’s location wasn’t always clear, and it was hard for pilots to recognize the size and silhouette of a ship when hurtling at it from several miles out. Mistakes were common.
• TIME TRAVELING SHIPS AND ENIGMA ROTORS: We accidentally depicted some ships with post-war modernizations like angled flight decks. We also used the destroyer HMS Sheffield (D80)—which the Argentine Navy famously sunk during the Falklands War—instead of the cruiser HMS Sheffield (C24). Also, we misstated the number of rotors on the Enigma: the standard version had three and the naval version had four.
EPISODE IV: SINKING THE BISMARCK
• WASN’T THE BISMARCK SCUTTLED?: Yes. The crew set scuttling charges, partially because regulations mandated that they be set before an evacuation could take place. But Bismarck was already foundering and most assessments agree that she would’ve sunk within a day or half a day—so really the British sank her, the scuttling just sped it up.
• WHY DID THE ROYAL NAVY KEEP SHOOTING?: According to naval procedure, Tovey couldn’t stop firing until Bismarck struck her colors, which she never did. The feelings about this were very mixed among the British sailors. The HMS Rodney’s chaplain really did beg his captain to stop the shelling.
• WAS THERE REALLY A U-BOAT?: The lookout on the Dorsetshire spotted U-74, which had come to pick up Bismarck’s war diary at the request of Admiral Lütjens. U-74 later rescued three men clinging to a raft.
WALPOLE
In 1732, King George II gifted Walpole the residence at 10 Downing Street, where Winston Churchill lived and worked during WWII.
Too easy? Ok!
The Prinz Eugen was named after Prince Eugene of Savoy, an Italian-French general who served the Austrian Habsburgs. In 1731, Eugene was responsible for hammering out the Second Treaty of Vienna, which reoriented European politics by breaking Britain away from its ally France and instead aligning it with Austria. Who steered this on the British side? WALPOLE.
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I think it's dumb and reductionist when people pretend that the democracy of Athens has anything to do with our modern democracy. If anything, Rome is the ancient republic that we nicked a lot of ideas from, not Athens. In reality, though, we have only really taken the names from those ancient republics. Our modern democracy would be unrecognisable to any ancient Roman or Athenian.
Edit: I don't want to engage with the youtube reply system, so I'm just going to expand on a few things here. By "we" I was referring to the US and UK (which, given that I'm neither American nor British and have never been to the US, is admittedly a bit weird, yeah), and by "nicked a lot of ideas from" I mean the word 'senate', the fascis symbol, etc., i.e a bunch of symbolism and wording, but not really any actual direct influence of how the system works. Compared to the democracies of ancient times, even the US looks like a utopia of representation.
I think focus should be more on what modern events and forces created the ideas that have led to our modern democracies, rather than the things that ostensibly "inspired" them. Modern democracy is a result of changing material conditions (improving standard of living and education, for ex.), not a re-discovery of a long lost system of government that everyone suddenly agreed was better.
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I am glad so many people are getting interested in history due to this series. But, let us remember, this style of telling history (more like a story) has distinct flaws. Specifically, to tell the story in a compelling way, some things get emphasized and some things get downplayed. Too much nuance is lost when this style of history becomes your primary source. For example, the show portrays Peter as just signing a letter claiming his unfitness to rule Russia, when he signed it at the point of a bayonet.
Let shows like this get you interested in a historical event. History is interconnected. The American Revolution happened in large part because Peter pulled back from Berlin. The reason that was important was it caused the British to win the war. Due to that victory, they left the colonies alone, and allowed them to form their own governments. Also, the man who is credited with building the Continental Army was a former Prussian officer during the 7 Years’ War. If the war had continued, he might have died. The French loss in the 7 Years’ War is part of the reason they supported the Americans. Etc. You cannot tell all of that in a story format.
One of my college projects (History Major, focusing on the History of Prussia), was building a timeline of the start of WW1. It could not be done in a left to right linear fashion. Instead, we started from a central event (the assassination). The timeline grew outwardly, forming a spider’s web of events. Solid circles formed time. Dotted colored lines connected the events, as each events’ influence spread, and connected with other events. Some events occurred only a few minutes apart, despite occurring in different countries, and immediately influenced another country's actions.
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This video did a great job at describing the conditions imposed upon Ireland at the time. A few points left though:
Some penal laws were still in place under different names. They also included limiting of the Irish language to the point it nearly died out. They were also expanded in new ways during the famine.
The limited aid sent to Ireland was actually used as leverage to gain even more land. If someone wanted to avail of food aid they had to do one of two things: farmers had to give up their tiny strips of land and keep only 1/5 of an acre, essentially meaning after food aid was gone they would die. This was because of Malthusian economic thought at the time proclaimed this as just. This allowed the British to consolidate even more control over Ireland.
The other option for urban working poor was work houses. They could not farm so they had to make use of the limited aid which required them to work in work houses. Families were separated, disease was rampant, the diet was terrible and many never left. Families were destroyed by this and was another way of making the Irish population dependent on the English government to suppress rebellion.
The Ottomans organised 2000 tonnes of aid to be sent to Ireland, and although some saw this as a political move to anger the British, most of it was actually collected from the poor in the ottoman empire who had heard of the Irish plight and had sympathy for them. The British didn't allow the food to come into Ireland and threatened to sink their ships.
The English purposely created conditions that would allow a famine to destroy Ireland. Given the land laws, potatoes were the only option. The English wanted to exterminate the Irish and take their land but wanted to make use of their labour too, so they struck the balance with these laws and conditions which in a way...kind of resembles an island wide gulag or concentration camp. Death as the end goal but making use of their labour in the meantime.
The topic of the famine being a genocide is hotly debated today, however the UN definitions of genocide actually define the famine as a genocide. Because the English intentionally created the conditions for it to happen, it kind of is a genocide. After a smaller famine in the 1700s, they changed the laws further to worsen the effects of a future famine. This added with their apathetic response and literal rejection of outside aid means they exacerbated it too, taking advantage of a situation they could remedy, and using it as a genocidal tool. By definition of this UN convention, the famine was indeed a genocide for which the English government has not officially apologised for. There are appeals being issued in international courts to make them acknowledge it as a genocide and possibly even pay reparations. India are going through something similar in relation to their famine in the twentieth century.
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Honestly, in northwestern Spain and Portugal we have a very similar myth to the Wild Hunt, but also very distinct. The Santa Compaña. (Or Holy Company)
They are a processions of the deceased in white garbs. Whose job, sometimes, is to go around villages to collect the souls of the recently deceased to travel with them. In which case, if you cross pathes with them or watch them from your window, you might see the face of a neighbour of yours between them, only for you to learn the next morning that he died during his sleep.
But other times, if you are unlucky enough to find them in your way during the night, they will make you carry the cross as head of the procession. In which case, you better pray you find another living person on your path, to whom you can pass the cross in your place. Because if not, before morning arrives, they will take you with them to the other side.
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Also worth noting regarding the failure of Operation Michael (the last German offensive mentioned here) was the breakdown in discipline among the German troops once exposed to captured French territory. Numerous reports have circulated of German units capturing French villages well behind the original trench lines only for their advance to mysteriously stop. When officers were sent forward to see what was wrong, they often found their troops drunk on French wine or gorging themselves on sausage and cheese, food and drink in quantities they hadn't seen for years due to rationing forced by the Entente blockade. Even when threatened with courtmartial, some units simply refused to move until the towns had been stripped bare. It's pure conjecture on my part, but it seems very possible that many German troops may have contracted the flu while on these pillaging kinda-mutinies.
It was only a week into the offensive that Ludendorff declared a primary objective: The key railway junction at Amiens. Had the Germans been successful, the Entente's supply lines would have been thrown into chaos and supply of large portions of the trench lines would have been next to impossible. But by then it was too late; the offensive had lost momentum and the Entente forces had rallied, halting any further advance. It was all the Germans could do to dig in once again to avoid being pushed back, which they eventually were at the great Battle of Amiens, one of the first major uses of all branches of the military: air power, infantry squads, tanks, mobile artillery, machine gun units, even cavalry to a limited degree, all coordinated as one.
Also, regarding the situation with Russia, even after the revolution things were far from simple. It took the Russians months to even settle on which new government was really in charge, and this quickly devolved into the Russian Civil War 1917-1923. Once the Bolshevik government, let by Lenin, did gain enough support to negotiate with the Germans, the Russian diplomats, led by Leon Trotsky, dragged their heels about accepting German peace proposals. It was only when Germany threatened to push through Latvia and take St. Petersburg that Trotsky was finally forced to accept... something. The final treaty was almost incomprehensible, but it did technically end Russia's involvement in the war against Germany... sort of. Even so, while the Germans were able to pull a lot of units from the Eastern Front, a large contingent of the army was kept pinned down at the Russian border as the threat of the war reigniting there still remained until the very end.
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There's a lot to this story that really speaks to the time, and there's a whole bunch you probably had to cut down for time. One part of it is the lawyer for Harris and Blanck, Max Steuer, who was one of those lawyers everyone knew and feared at the time. One of the big reasons they got off the charges was because the witness the prosecution used didn't speak english very well (because she was an immigrant) and the DA thought that Steuer wouldn't press her too hard for fear of looking like a bully going after a young girl. Steuer's response was to instead ask the witness, Kate Alterman, to repeat her story again, and then again, and then again. The coaching she had gone through because of her poor english sounded more like she had been coached with a false story due to the repetition of specific phrases, which threw just enough doubt on the eyewitness testimony that there was no preponderance of evidence and the jury acquitted. He managed to tear down her story while doing nothing more than calmly and politely asking for clarification and repetition of the testimony.
After the verdict, one of the jurors made a statement about why: "I believed that the door was locked at the time of the fire, but we couldn't find them guilty unless we believed they knew the door was locked."
It's not important to the overall story of the historical importance of the labor movement, but it is a nice little keyhole insight into how the justice system works and how sometimes those cases you think are slam dunks turn out to not be the case. Also, I hope that it might help some people realize that as good as these videos are, you should use them as a springboard to do further research on your own. History is not a series of events. It's a weave of millions of things converging, and there will always be more to learn about an event than you think there is. It's always worth taking the extra time to dig more into something, you'll be amazed at what you can learn.
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I have been with you guys since the beginning, my first extra history videos were the Sengoku Jidai ones as they were being released. It has been amazing to watch the development of your work, from just recounting events chronologically, to discussing how history has shaped our cultures and socities, and how events and trends from centuries ago still affect us today.
You guys are the reason I am a history major today, going for my masters then, ideally, a doctorate, and material like this is why I am a social historian, focusing on how events in history affected their societies, and how they affected people living in those societies.
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Great video, but yall missed the two most important parts in the battle of Agincourt. First, Henry wasn't on horseback, far from it. He was actually in the center of the line, on foot, with a crown welded to his helmet so that everyone could see him (and likely target the strongest point in the center of the English line). Second, during the battle, the Duke of Gloucester, the king's own brother, was severely wounded by French knights and was being taken off the field by them. In the most heroic act of the battle, the king, who had been saved by a royal body guard, charged out and stood on the body of his brother, killing the knights and making it clear that no royal of England was going to be taken hostage.
Great video, but again, these two points are really what made the battle legendary!
Stay awesome guys!
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This is why we need regulations. This is why unions exist. This is why workers need to be aggressive when it comes to their rights and protections.
The Triangle Shirtwaist Fire wasn't the only or first catastrophe, it happened numerous times before and nothing was done about it because any means of addressing the dangers internally conflicted with the companies' bottom-line. Once society at large realized the risks people took everyday, and how mistreated they were by their employers, then and only then did the public put its foot down and forced legislation. That's the only way meaningful labor-reform can happen.
I don't care if this unpopular to state or not, but most businesses, especially the large ones like Amazon, Walmart, and Google, don't care about their workers, and the situation is far, far, faaar worse in other parts of the world where people work now as people did at the time of the Triangle Shirtwaist Fire. Their comfort, livelihoods, and security is meaningless to them if it doesn't somehow enrich them. People need to be aware on how millions of people live and get by today, and how they could potentially improve.
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Yeah, as a current WP cadet, this makes complete sense. I could see this still definitely being a thing today. Hell, during covid, there were the Printer Riots, where cadets would throw their printers off of roofs and down stairwells to protest covid restrictions. Even today, Christmas dinner here is absolutely crazy with singing, cigar smoking, dancing, running naked across The Plain, and climbing on top of George Washington's statue to touch his horse's balls. We've got some weird things that happen here, and I'd love to see you guys make more videos about our rock-bound highland home, which is definitely not a prison.
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While Dr Frankenstein seems to be depicted as having immense hubris for playing God, from everything said here it seems like the only flaw in his creation was cosmetic. The "monster" (for lack of a better term) was strong, kind, and brilliant. A plastic surgeon's touch up could make a superior being. As he was, little more care in his upbringing and perhaps introducing him to a more enlightened group of people, and this monster might have been a professor.
In fact, it might be interesting to see a fan version where the monster wasn't shunned by his creator and was introduced gradually to learned men. If Frankenstein's monster was a success, save for some aesthetic issues and some depression, wouldn't there be those interested in reproducing his work? Rulers might want giants that could be educated in under a year for their armies. Others, especially the church, would probably consider this an abomination.
But making a better man wasn't the most interesting application of this research. If this reanimation process could be modified to bring back a dead person with their own mind and memories intact, then perhaps death could be truly conquered.
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I am so grateful that I learned about Wu from the Extra History team first instead of some warped pop-culture interpretation of her. Although I always love learning about popular historical or mythological characters such as Vlad the Impaler, Rasputin, or Hercules, if I’m first exposed to them through popular culture (which almost always takes millions of liberties in regards to historical accuracy), that’s what I always think of first. Whenever I have to write about them for whatever reason, I have to constantly fight a mental war with myself to remember, no, Vlad the Impaler was not an immortal vampire who tried to eat a Victorian lawyer, Rasputin was not a spiteful sorcerer who sold his soul for a demonic reliquary to curse the Romanovs, and Hercules had way too much anger issues to be considered Superman in Ancient Greece.
Because of this series, I will think of Wu Zetian as a cunning, manipulative, power-grabbing master of political intrigue and seduction (which I admit is not the most flattering view). However, I won’t remember her as some unhinged, megalomaniacal psycho-bitch who was murderously evil for its own sake and justified excluding women from positions of power and authority. I had never heard the name Wu Zetian before her name came up on the Patreon poll, but you’d better believe that will never forget that name now that I’ve finished this series, and I’ll never think of her as the heartless demon empress her enemies tried to cast her as.
This was a fantastic series, and I look forward to watching the Lies Episode.
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The water problem is to pump water from the nearby Tonlé Sap (Great Lake). Part of the Tonlé Sap Biosphere Reserve, this is Southeast Asia’s largest lake and one of the world’s most significant wetland ecosystems, due to its unique environmental qualities and extraordinary biodiversity. The variety of fauna and flora of Tonlé Sap is depicted in the bas-reliefs of Angkor’s Bayon Temple. Many of its plant species are used for religious and medicinal purposes by Cambodians. Two million Cambodians also depend on the bounty of the lake’s freshwater fisheries – one of the most productive in the world, with an annual fish harvest of over 250,000 metric tons.
It is crucial for the Cambodian government to weigh the environmental impact before it approves any project to pump water to Siem Reap. The biosphere, which is also the cradle of the Tonlé Sap River, has enormous significance for Cambodians. It acts as a flood mediator for the Mekong River, which flows through five other Southeast Asian countries, so its significance reaches far beyond Cambodia.
Each year, during the rainy season, the Mekong water level rises and overflows into the Tonlé Sap River which, instead of draining the lake as it does during the dry season, is forced to change direction and flow back ‘up’ into the lake. This phenomenon makes the Mekong the only major river in the world to flow in two directions at different times of the year. This annual flood raises the lake level from 1 to 1.5 meters up to 8 to 10 meters, increasing its area fivefold, as it spills out over the floodplain.
One of the world’s great conservation success stories, which includes the revival of several species of endangered birds since protection efforts started in 1999, Tonlé Sap and its floodplain have been listed as the Tonlé Sap Biosphere Reserve under UNESCO’s Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB).
The 20% year-on-year increase in tourism has also contributed to environmental pollution. Waste control remains an ongoing problem, though many of the temples are swept and cleaned ritually. Rubbish heaps are a common sight in Siem Reap, and tourists and locals think nothing of dumping garbage and wastewater directly into the river. Residents living along the Siem Reap river have complained the water is too dirty to use or bathe in. They say that twelve years ago, the water was so clean, they could use it in their homes. Today, the river is dark and dirty, and the water stinks, according to residents.
While Phnom Kulen (“Mountain of Lychees”), twenty-five miles northeast of Angkor Wat, is off the beaten track for the hordes of tourists that descend upon the temples each day, the ill effects of deforestation have eaten into the lush tree cover there. Located upstream, water from the Kulen mountain is another source that flows through the Siem Reap river basin and runs into the Tonlé Sap lake. Here, illegal logging and the planting of cash crops such as cashew trees and beans have adversely affected hydrological patterns in the entire ecosystem and impacted fish productivity.
UNESCO recently launched a pilot project: “Enhancing and Restoring Water Systems in Angkor World Heritage Site and Siem Reap City(link is external)”. It uses the sustainability science approach to propose solutions and initiate a sustainable transformation of socio-environmental interactions in the river basin. Policy, legal and institutional frameworks are strengthened through collaborative linkages, learning alliances and targeted interventions for capacity-building at the pilot area, at the national, regional and community levels.
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It's ridiculous that the Flu Pandemic of 1918 isn't better known. I guess people focus more on WWI, Prohibition, The Great Depression, then WWII in that period, but it killed 3-5% of the world population. Not just infect that many, but killed them. This flu had a mortality rate of 10-20%, whereas usual flu epidemics are closer to 0.1%. Not only that, but unlike most lethal diseases, it was more deadly to young adults than the very old or very young who normally get hit worse by such diseases.
The severity of the pandemic was censored in the media because of WWI (don't want to show your enemy weakness or hurt moral). Spain, being neutral, didn't censor it, leading people to think they were hit hardest, leading to the disease being called "Spanish Flu."
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The "Legion of Hell," from what information I've found on them, didn't start out as bandits or outlaws. They were men who lived on the Venezuelan plains that were used to life on horseback, a people that were more or less left to their own devices, owing no loyalty to the Spanish or the Republicans.
They were recruited into the war against the Second Republic and became (initially) a 4,000 strong lance cavalry division. Much of the success of the Spanish Royalists against the Republicans during this war is attributed to the Legion as their charges more or less broke Republican forces everywhere they met them.
They were so effective that in the future struggle for Venezuelan independence, the Republicans under Bolivar would end up recruiting them for their cause.
So to write them off as bandits or outlaws is kind of a disservice to their effectiveness as a fighting force.
That's not to say that their methods weren't brutal though. Everywhere they went, civilian rapes, massacres, and all kinds of atrocities followed.
I think there were more like the ancient Huns, since they relied on spears and charges, rather than the Mongols since Mongol tactics revolved more around the use of their superior horse archers and feigned retreats.
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This is one of the reasons why I've long since desired collegial power and proportional and consensus systems, mainly single transferable vote, score voting, and the proportional form of score voting, reweigted score voting.
In Ireland for example, in a five seat multi member district, if there were 60 thousand votes cast, you only need to win 10,001 votes to win (once five candidates have reached this quota, it is impossible for any other candidate to win) They are bigger than single member districts of course, allowing you to find many more people of similar beliefs and desires as you even if they make up only maybe a fifth of the electorate, a key factor that makes independents win in the Dail Eirann. And only about a fifth of candidates were elected in the first count of the votes, most need to have transfer votes from eliminated candidates (those who got the fewest votes and weren't popular enough to win a seat) and from the excess ballots from candidates who have met the quota. This makes it a very bad idea to alienate people. It's hard to say only I can solve problems, because you are only capable of getting 1/3-1/5 of the seats in the district, you will work at a minimum with other people in the same district, and nearly invariably this involves opposition or independent members,o and even members of the same party that competed against you for votes due to the ranking system. You also have an incentive to work with other members of the same alliance to help promote each other so as to get at least one of you elected, if you can't, you'll still get a decent life and usually some influence in the party, like organizing crucial roles, and may be selected to run in the next election if you prove to be decently popular even if you came up short.
Political parties that are similar enough to current ones but under fresh leadership, they can pretty easily pop into existance, and can attract many of the guinea votes who otherwise would have been firmly stuck one way or another, having to choose between two similar options for them rather than one that you knew for a long time would be basically the only party or movement or person you wanted to choose.
It's a much smaller risk, and you can focus on a group of supporters rather than trying to please an absolute majority or even plurality with promises you can't keep to any one of them.
I also have disliked the US's focus on a singular president for a long time, and same with the senate where you only really have one up at any given time. I have been more favourable to collegial power via parliamentary, Swiss, and cooperative structures (such as trade unions, cooperatives, and commune boards of directors). There is not a big risk in losing by a small percentage, and even a president who wins in a two round system with an absolute majority will still be a second choice to many, which is not ideal. Confidence and supply deals and coalitions, cabinets, the ability to sack a prime minister or cabinet minister even if the party in general is popular without being accused of a coup d'etat, that's a very useful property in my opinion.
This also applies for non state entities, which I believe are better at providing for what we really need and want instead of governments and should be promoted as an alternative. When you have a singular leader, you risk a lot. They may be arrested, they might be killed, inoculously or not, They might be censored, and it can be hard to remove cults of personality around them. It's far better to spread the risk out.
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can I just say I've been watching this channel since the beginning and I love your content. From the wendigo, to the pirate queen, Genghis Khan, and the seminal tragedy, and Joan of Arc. For almost as long as I remember this channel and extra history has made me who I am, and its been wonderful learning so much, I have a friend that a while ago was talking about high school, and at the time I was still in middle school (A couple years are between us) and he said the stuff I learned from this channel was stuff they hadn't even learned yet. Back then I couldn't subscribe or like because none of us made an account. Then I got a laptop and I was happy to see the channel thriving. I'm now a huge history buff and have you guys to thank. Also, I love D&D so when I saw all that kind of stuff on your channel I got excited, so that's just more to love.
Thank you for all the amazing memories, can't wait for the next episode!
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You can call it Jewish mythology, just as there is Scandinavian, German, Chinese, Celtic and other national mythologies. Almost every myth (or joke) is based on a kernel of truth, and in the two hundred year struggle between the Israelites and the Philistines, there were times of strife and periods of calm and even trade. This story, like most, has layers of meaning. Just as the slaying of the Philistine giant Goliath by shepherd boy David later king of ISrael. One parable is as you mentioned, a strong man falls for a sexy Philistine (enemy) lady who ends up betraying him and taking his power away. In his blind state, he nonetheless repents and gets the strength to finally bring down the Philistine pagan temple that has him bound and thereby becomes a martyr for his God and nation. So one can make of that as one will. Plenty of material. Interpret as you will.
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Speaking from my experience as an administrator for a web forum, I think social media outlets need to limit how many accounts someone may have. They also need stronger methods of dealing with bot accounts and preventing new ones from being formed. Having dealt with spambots for a while (we get at least a few each day on average, and those are just the ones that break through our existing countermeasures), though, I'm not going to claim to know what exactly social media companies can do to block bot accounts, let alone how effective any of their countermeasures would be or whether or not there would be collateral damage. It's an arms race, for starters; bad actors are always going to seek ways to get around whatever defenses social media outlets develop, and given enough time, they will eventually find a weak spot to exploit, meaning social media outlets can't just put up a new layer of defense and call it a day (I speak from experience on this one; for a while, we were spambot-free thanks to automated countermeasures, but they started breaking through again a year or two ago). This arms race is also rigged in the bad actors' favor; bad actors only need to focus on breaking through the latest countermeasures, whereas social media outlets need to craft countermeasures that not only keep bad actors out, but are also precise enough to only affect bad actors.
rjr81 also raises a good point about the dangers of making links between accounts public knowledge; cyberbullying is a serious risk if someone's got a personal account and an "anonymous" account, especially if the owner of the account is from a demographic that's frequently targeted in online harassment campaigns. You've brought up such campaigns in the past (I believe the most recent mention was in your video on CDA 230), so I do think it was an unfortunate oversight on your part that you apparently failed to consider it when making this video.
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You're right to point out that a "judge" in the Old Testament is not the same as a courtroom official like it would be in modern days. I know saying they were basically kings was an oversimplification for time, but I thought I'd share a bit more information on that. As I understand it, judges could not raise taxes, conscript laborers, or seize property. They led armies, but all the instances I recall seem to be volunteer armies. I'm guessing people joined the fight, brought their own supplies, and plundered to get their pay if there was any pay to be had. (1 Samuel 8 indicates that a king had a number of powers not common in Israel, and I can't remember a judge ever doing any of these things. https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Samuel+8&version=NIV ) Judgeship was also not hereditary. The Bible records that there would be no judge, Israel would get itself into trouble, God would raise up a judge to deliver them, and then the judge would die and the cycle would repeat itself. It was not a permanent institution and certainly not passed down from father to son. Judges also seem to be an eclectic mix of people. They're not usually particularly wise or devout or competent or militarily powerful. They're not always male. The only common factor seems to be that they're chosen by God for a specific purpose. Kings are either the heir to the previous king or else seized power or proved their worth. But that doesn't seem to be the case for judges.
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I started to write a brief reply and got carried away with myself. Sorry that it's a little on the long side, but yeah, there it is =)
You're right that libertarianism (whether from the left or the right) does not support fascism. It's worth pointing out, however, that right libertarianism, in its support of capitalism, does allow fascism the possibility of existing.
Right libertarianism, in the form of unquestioning faith in the Free Market, allows fascism to thrive, since fascism is an outgrowth of the capitalism seen in the real world. Ie, "hands off" capitalism has never existed; the state, as it developed in the 18th century, was integral to the industrial revolutions that allowed the capitalist/investor class to thrive (see 'Empire of Guns' for a good rundown of this thesis within the context of the British Empire). Support for capitalism, therefore, allows fascism, even if it does not support/condone it, because fascism co-opts the mechanisms of capital and harnesses them to ethnonationalists ends. Hence the alliance in the 1930s between German business interests and the Nazis - the businessmen wanted the profits that government contracts would provide, and the Nazis needed the arms produced by these private institutions. Fascism and business, therefore, are quite symbiotic in that way. And since state supported capitalism seems prone to monopoly, you're always going to get business magnates ready to profit off an aggressive state enterprise (like conquering Europe).
Left libertarianism, which is what people outside America mean when they reference libertarians, claim that it is capitalism itself (which, remember, is supported by the state and requires forced labor of some sort to provide profits - whether actual slaves, wage slavery like what we see in Amazon fulfillment centers, 3rd world sweat shops, or the Foxconn factory that makes Apple products) is the current means by which most people are kept unfree. It seeks, therefore, the abolition of private property and the democratic control of the means of production (factories, resources, etc) so as to allow people to live uncoerced by bosses, landlords, or unaccountable bureaucrats.
Both forms of libertarianism seek freedom; it's just one looks to market competition and the other to democratic collective action. Heinlein loathed socialism mostly as a response to the USSR, which he rightly saw as tyrannical, since it basically replicated the state-capitalism seen in England, France, or America, just with more central planning involved. Heinlein, erroneously, equated this state mandated (and state defined) socialism/communism with all socialist thought and philosophy, and, as they say, ended up throwing the baby out with the bathwater.
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Just a quick note on the use of the lever action Henry Rifle in this video (which looks pretty good by the way, good job Nick)
Technically, you probably shouldn’t show US troops using them at this time, I think the cavalry was still using some variety of Spencer carbine at this point, but that’s a really minor detail and this isn’t a series about the US cavalry. What I think is more interesting is that, by the time of the Battle of Greasy Grass/Little Bighorn, the US was issuing single shot rifles, but the Indigenous peoples had a couple hundred repeating rifles of various models kicking around, Henries included. They also had some muzzleloaders, so in aggregate I don’t know how much of a difference the repeaters made, but it’s a cool little detail that I think helps to deconstruct notions of “primitive” Indigenous peoples, taking a technological step forward that the US Army was unwilling to because of the perceived logistical challenge of supplying enough ammunition to keep repeaters running.
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1:44 - Not contradicting your words, just clarifying, but Wyoming and Utah actually gave women the right to vote back in the 1870s. Although Wyoming was first, Utah was the first time women exercised that right.
However, their right to vote was taken away, as the government kept pressuring the Latter-day Saints to cease polygamy. Ironically, easterners thought they were liberating women, but the women of Utah heavily protested this, wrote books, journals, met with politicians, and still did not regain their voting rights for a while.
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I watched movie with my brother (mostly, because I like Takeshi Kitano, The Man), and it was veery scary!
And then I've read the manga and I was in such shock... I'm usually not afraid of gore in media, but that! But I prefer manga version since it opened for me more interesting points that I missed in the movie. Especially I was fascinated by demontration of how fear of your friend or just fear for life changes and twists people in their own way, it's REAL scary and you just can't help but think, that these students before Battle Royale were just like us — ordinary people, but how we could be twisted in our own way.
(Also, while I read the manga, I've immideately understood, where Danganronpa series of games takes inspiration for their story)
Thanks EC for showing this story to everyone! It's amazing effort, tyring to push for learning some really interesting and on-the-time topics with such talent and fun!
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Ok, after watching the video, I think I know WHY I hated that book.
I absolutely despised Heathcliff, like hated him beyond hatred. He did messed up things, and I felt like the book wasnt acknowledging that they were messed up. That being said, I was an early teen when reading it, and I didnt realize the point of the book kinda was the fact he does messed up things.
As in, with the situation he was in, he became the man he was out of necessity.
That being said, I dont think ill be adding this book to my favourites list, but for the alternative reason of it simply being a genre I'm not into.
As an ace person, I've always struggled connecting to romance novels, but just because I personally don't love it, doesnt make it bad.
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Heck, you could make a series on just the ingredients of beer. For example, the rise of hops over gruit was probably the first example of mass production destroying cottage industries. Before the widespread cultivation of hops, beers were flavored with gruit - mixtures of sweet and bitter herbs taken from local forests. Monasteries in particular would have forest lands set aside so that they would have access to these herbs for their brewing needs. The interesting thing is with gruit, there's literally infinite combinations of flavor profiles, and each and every local brew truly was unique - that whole fantasy trope of adventurers getting into arguments about whose town has the best beer actually was a thing in medieval times. So why did hops win in the end? Part of the reason is taxes - gruits were effectively patented and owned by monasteries, and as towns grew larger and more taverns appeared the monasteries would continue to charge church taxes for anyone using their gruit recipes. The gruit taxes did not apply to hops, so over time because hops were cheaper brewers came to use them more and more. Hops are also easier to grow at scale - instead of relying on finding herbs out in a forest, you can simply grow the hops on trellises in your garden. The final nail in the coffin was the fact that hops are a preservative - and just as we over-salt our foods today to extend their shelf life, late medieval brewers switched to hops so that they could store their beer for longer before it turned. In the end, increasing profits for brewers and the bottom line won out over gruit recipes that were centuries old, and today we can only speculate what portions of herbs went into a typical gruit. What we do know is that while the switch was happening, it seems almost universal that beer enjoyers preferred the flavors of gruit beers over hopped beers, and they bemoaned the dying art of making a good gruit. We may have given up a superior flavor of beer all for a bit longer shelf life and a slightly higher profit for brewers.
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