Hearted Youtube comments on Ed Nash's Military Matters (@EdNashsMilitaryMatters) channel.

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  98. Recent developments: TEDBF is officially being worked on. Some say that a twin engined Tejas-based design, called ORCA, is being considered. It is only expected to enter service a couple of years after 2030. Till then, the Indian Navy plans to make do with the MiG-29K fighter jets, 42 of which are in service. The plans to field three aircraft carriers has also been put on hold due to the funds being diverted to the submarine programs. There are two classes (a nuclear and a diesel-electric) of submarines under construction in India right now, and a further 4 new classes of submarines that are planned. Project-75I and Project-76 are the foreign and indigenous programs to induct diesel electric submarines. Another project for a class of Nuclear Attack Submarines is in detailed design phase. A new Ballistic Missile Nuclear Submarine program called the S-5 class submarines is in preliminary design phase with models of the submarine and its pumpjet propulsion system being tested currently, and a 190 MW reactor under development. With all this, there are also warship construction programs with more than 3 different classes under active construction and 4 more classes planned. The Navy already gets the smallest share of the funding with the Army and Air Force taking up a massive share due to their modernization and expansion efforts. Therefore, the Chief Of Defence Staff General Bipin Rawat has deemed it prudent that the construction of the third aircraft carrier: IAC-2, be pushed back by a decade. Navy wants IAC-2 to be a CATOBAR carrier with EMALS and they only grudgingly agreed to IAC-2 not being powered by a Nuclear Reactor. With those specs, IAC-2 was bound to burn a hole in Armed Forces CAPEX. Pushing the date back enables India to indigenously develop most of the core technologies for IAC-2, maybe even including a Nuclear Reactor. Moreover, the growth of Indian economy till 2030 might allow the Indian Navy to quickly build two IAC-2 class carriers. The original (still relevant) plan was for India to field 5 Aircraft carriers with three of them actively deployed at all times and two being docked for replenishment and repairs. This would allow India to deploy three Carrier Battle Groups at the same time, with one each guarding the Bay of Bengal, Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea/Persian Gulf. Hence, from now till 2035 at least, Indian navy will have two STOBAR carriers, each with a capacity of upto 24 fighter jets. Indian Navy is expected to make do with 42 MiG-29K till then and then replace them with 100+ TEDBF/ORCA fighter jets starting from early 2030s. 45 TEDBF will deploy on IAC-2, 24 each on INS Vikramaditya and IAC-1/INS Vikrant. The remaining TEDBF will be stationed in Campbell Bay Naval Air Station for deeper maintenance (since they will be rotated for carrier duties) and to dominate the Malacca straits and Kra canal. The landing of Naval Tejas Mk1 is meant to provide the required confidence to designers who developed the Control Law of the Tejas because they will also develop the Control Law for landing TEDBF on the future carriers of India.
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  284. Thank you Ed for this interesting update. And though I agree that the Indonesian Navy needs upgrading. I think this deal is bad for them. 1) I do not see the big advance in capabilities between the FREMM ships and the Sigma-based, Martadinata-class. The only one I can see is the 15-30 VLS with Aster AA missiles (which both the Italian and French versions have - so I assume the Indonesian version will also). Other then the VLS tubes and maybe sensors - I see no other, major advantage. In anti-submarine, anti-ship, aircraft deployed (assuming they go with a one hangar version), main and secondary guns, speed and range (more or less)...the two ships are broadly similar. And with the modular nature of the Sigma-ships? I doubt that the Aster VLS tubes could not have been integrated into new Martadinata's. The Brits bought them for their Type 45's. So obviously Eurosam (the French/Italian manufacturer of the Aster) will install the weapons in ships the French/Italians did not build. 2) It is almost certain that all six ships (and the refurbishing of the two old ones) will be built entirely in Italy. Whereas the Martadinata's were going to largely be built in Indonesia. Thus, many Indonesian jobs will be lost. 3) these FREMM frigates appear to cost at least twice as much as the Martadinata's. And I do not see a military superiority to justify the massive increase in cost. 4) and finally, what the bloody heck are they doing buying two, OLD, Maestrale-class frigates? As you probably know better than I - refurbishing military equipment invariably ends up costing HUGE amounts of money. And these things ware already 40 years old. How could two, brand new Martadinata's - build largely in Indonesia? Possibly be worse than 2, refurbished 40+ year old frigates - with all the work to be done in Italy? I smell corruption here...i.e. 'kickbacks'. Because this deal - unless I am missing something (and I very well could be) - seems like a bad one for Indonesia over the previous deal they had for 4 more Sigma-based, Martadinata's.
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  690. One of the most well researched videos of Viggen I've seen to date, well done! I started off with "wait, what, forgotten?..." and the first lines narrated straighted out that questionmark right away. That got me hooked in an instant; this guy knows what he does. :) Side note: I've been fortunate enough to grow up "with" these jets. Watching them roar from the runways and up. Also watching them go low level over the waters of BrÄviken where we had a country side house. Moreover, I've actually been "helping" to build one: I randomly got placed at a nearby SAAB facility when doing my work practice in 8'th grade. Four weeks first hand experience on building parts for some of the last Viggens ever built. I am, still today, amazed by the amount of responsibility my tutor gave me. I got to rivet parts for the fighter jet as a 16-year old. However, the most memorable moment was as a conscript in the army, where I had one assignment putting me on the side of a road where the Viggen would demonstrate its ability to land on ordinary roads and show case it's fast turn around time for some prominent military guests. The pilot flew over us first, went around and did the landing coming to a full stop just meters from us. Still remembering the pilot hanging forward in the straps due to the aggressive breaking - saluting the military VIPs (NOT me!). After full stop the fighter taxied a but further where conscripts simulated a refuel and rearnament in <10 minutes. Then the pilot taxied back to the point where he previously had stopped, me still sitting just meters from the side of the road. Then I entered what I still consider Nirvana (or whatever you prefer in terms of religious fulfillment): Full afterburner and an aggressive take off. I shook to the bones staring right up the rear end of that fighter, feeling the heat of the jet blast. I was at the side, not in harms way but way closer than they'd allow any civilian to get. Way closer. I smile every time I think of this moment. The Viggen will always have a special spot in my avgeek heart. I truly hope you get to see it live one day. You would love it and by the looks of the great work you do, you earn it too. Thanks for a great video! All the best, Jens, Sweden
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  765.  @EdNashsMilitaryMatters  Really? I am pretty sure F-35 has slower computers and an architecture that is way more complex (old fashioned) to update. The GAN modules for EW on Gripen should be far superior. On Gripen E they can and did change computers in days to get more performance because it was designed that way. The CPUs gets faster for every year so it is very important to be able to do in order to be successful in EW warfare. That is something as far as I know no other fighter can do. Maybe they can in the F-35 but I have heard nothing about it. This is something that normally takes years to do due to testing and rewriting of software just because you change hardware. The F22 for example is running on CPUs comparable to ancient Pentium CPUs. I heard they were about to get upgraded or maybe already are. But why did it take so long? Because it is very time consuming and costs a lot of money. I don't know if this is solved in F35 but I know for sure it is solved in Gripen. Updates are very very easy. This is how you stay relevant every year for many years. As I see it many just say...but F35 is 5th gen so it has to be better in everything. What in 5th gen is better? Compared to Gripen I think the only thing it has is that it is stealthier in certain radar modes. Of course a good thing. But it is only one of many things you need to be stealthy in. Talk about 4th gen, 5th gen and 6th gen has lost its meaning. What is for example 4,5 gen? 4,5++++++ gen? Just silly talk by marketing people and others who think they know better. For a while 5th gen involved super cruise. Well that was not so important when F35 could not do it. (But Gripen E can). You see the point... And last but not least. None of us really know the top secret features in these planes that is to sensitive to put out in public. So all we can do is speculate on what we find on the web. The future will show...
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  1025. Surprised the innovative features of the A-10 over the A-9 weren’t mentioned. I remember this project well. The A-10 won because it was MORE redundant than the A-9, making it better able to survive ground fire. For example, ailerons and tail surfaces can be swapped left -to-right and from plane to plane, in the field, with simple hand tools the average 19 year old lineman had around. The engines too can be exchanged left to right and from plane-to-plane, in the field. A big design win was due to the early days of stealth: the fans were set high and back to take advantage of the infrared “shadow” offered by the wing (from the front) and the taileron (from behind). Pick up an A-10 model and hold it above you. The wing hide the fan intakes and the tail hides the exhaust when seen by defensive systems AND weapons fired, from below. The evaluators LOVED this. The engine are on pylons; if they blow up, the fuselage and the other engine stand a better change of surviving. At the time, I couldn’t believe the engines on 9 were set low to the ground, SO exposed to ground fire (even if armored). And those HUGE intakes turned made the A-9s radar return as big as the side of a barn. Both were huge minuses. They tried to sell it as you didn’t need a ladder to check the engine, as you did on the 10. That didn’t fly, plus it was demonstrated that you can clamber up the 10’s gear, wing and make it to the engines just fine with no ladder. I think BOTH had single-point hi-pressure refueling formalism ground turnarounds. I like the gear tip on the 10 better. There were other innovative features in A-10 I can’t remember, those were the ones that mattered most, at the time. CB
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  1182. To complement what was said in the video, the IAĂ©-24 Calquin did not initially foresee the RR Merlin as a motorization, probably because they knew for sure that due to the war they could not be available at that time. The plane was designed from the beginning to carry Pratt & Whitney R-1830-65A SIC3G 1200 HP radial engines and its resemblance to the Mosquito is not accidental, in fact Argentine engineers had regularly visited the de Havilland factory where it was provided to them. some technical information. After the first flight, the specialized press and the newspapers of the moment highlighted that a second version with liquid-cooled in-line engines would begin to be designed. This version that is named in the video was the IAĂ©-28 also known extra officially as "Super Calquin", it would have two RR Merlin 604 engines and all the modifications that the new engine and the experience in the use of the IAĂ©-24 demonstrated, among they include the adoption of radiators on the wing leading edge, between the engines and the fuselage, reinforced landing gear, etc. The project was advancing, however, in parallel, work was being done on the IAĂ©-30 "ÑamcĂș", a twin-engined "destroyer" type equipped with two RR Merlin 134-135 engines. The advanced stage of this project (which flew in July 1948) led to the cancellation of the IAĂ©-28 and efforts to focus on this new metallic twin-engine. Its resemblance to the de Havilland Hornet was not accidental, since the visits and exchanges with the English manufacturer were maintained. In fact, the original technical information of the plane describes that the hydraulic, pneumatic and electrical systems of the IAĂ©-30 belonged to the de Havilland Hornet, with the necessary modifications to adapt it to the Argentine model. A prototype of this aircraft was completed and two more in different stages of construction. In 1949 a two-seater version was planned, and two motorized with two RR Derwent V turbojets, one for fighter and one for bombing. It had also been planned to transfer it in flight to Farnborough and for this long-duration flight practices were carried out together with two Avro Lancastrians that would support navigation during the crossing of the Atlantic Ocean, but in the end it did not materialize. In 1951 it was assigned to active service and assigned the registration I-101 (following the Gloster Meteor ending in I-100) however it was destroyed in an accident before entering service. Another consideration about the Calquin, his bad reputation was not entirely true and the results of extensive tests carried out in 1951 demonstrate this. It should be noted that their engines were similar to those used by proven aircraft such as the DC-3/C-47, so nothing can be objected to the motorization if we take into account that for the Calquin they had to operate with a maximum weight of just over 7,000 kg, while with the DC-3 the same engines had to do so with twice the maximum weight, about 14,000 kg. Despite this, it was planned to try other engines and studies had begun for the adaptation of the P&W R-2,000 and Bristol Hercules. I also want to add that Argentina did not have any type of difficulty or refusal by England or Rolls Royce to purchase Merlin or other engines, if they were not purchased it was because those purchases were not managed, either because the projects were canceled or were not produced in series. Another thing to keep in mind is that starting in 1948, a lot of British-sourced material was incorporated. Just to name a few whose engines are related to the topic discussed in the video, 30 Avro Lincoln BMk2 were incorporated; 15 Avro Lancaster BMkI, that meant a number of 180 RR Merlin engines in the bombers, plus some new ones for replacement, added to the test stands installed by Rolls Royce and full repair capability and inspections at all levels... too 100 Gloster Meteor FMk4 were incorporated which meant that the planes alone had 200 RR Derwent V turbojets, to which were added new engines for replacement, a large number of spare parts and the materials and licenses to manufacture them in series at the Instituto AerotĂ©cnico (Derwent V and Nene II), where the Pulqui I, Pulqui II and other prototypes carried both the Derwent V and the Nene II, plus other projects that would see the light of day on the design tables that contemplated the use of the most modern RR Avon, such as the IA-36 Condor transport plane (design by Kurt Tank) or the IA-48 (design by Reimar Horten), and others... Definitely England was the first interested in making all these projects prosper and in selling all kinds of materials that many nationally designed aircraft models used to have: engines, systems, ejectable seats, brakes, tires, etc. I forgot to mention that the Calquin never carried 20mm guns. The armed versions carried two types of 12.7mm machine guns. Long-barreled Brownings and short-barreled "DL" Nationals
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  1232. It is interesting reading some of these comments about the Abrams tank - since I worked in the tank-automotive R&D center from 1978 on. The documents of Pentagon meeting (written minutes) clearly show that the Army Training and Doctrine Command (responsible then for setting requirements for war fighting equipment and it’s employment) did not want the (then) 60-ton Chrysler design - but the lighter GM model. Yet in a Pentagon meeting, General Abrams himself told the gathered officials that it would be almost impossible to sell a “standard” design for a new tank to congress. They needed to sell the speed and power of the turbine engine and the newly developed COBOL armor technology available from the British. This meant that any design would have to be more than 45-tons and be more likely a 60-ton or more tank (like the Chrysler version). This is of course a short version of a lot on in-house fighting over budget and requirements creep and so on. The original documents should still be available to support this. Maybe they are hard to find which is why I believe Mr. Nash’s title for this video is correct although the reasons are not. General Abrams, not McNama was the prime-driver of the decision to go with a very heavy tank with new armor protection and the power to give it the needed mobility (i.e. turbine engine in a ground application). By the way, this decision to go with a very heavy and thirsty tank drove the logistic community nuts and caused the generation of a number of support vehicle requirements and funding that would have not been needed by a lighter fighting vehicle. Only the US at the time could support these sorts of wild expenditures on the logistical tail. One of the factors in “winning” the Cold War
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  1590. IT seems to be the popular meme to blame the "Chrysler bailout' via the administration of that time and the DOD, headed by Rumsfeld. But, an examination of the time shows that it really wasn't Rumsfeld making the decision, the decision was as most things dealing with military procurement, it falls to the Congress and their somewhat and often-times confused priorities. Don't forget, this was the time during the 'gas crisis' that drove US manufacturers to produce smaller vehicles (which they didn't do so well) and the resulting fall of Chrysler. Unlike in the 2000s when financial and production problems convinced the Obama administration to basically bail-out GM, with the abandonment of its investors, Congress pressured the DOD to go with Chryslers' version of the main battle tank for the US. Its a tribute to the DOD and its efforts to have developed the tank into a world-class vehicle that has successfully fulfilled its core missions. It can be argued that the thirsty turbines reliance on massive amounts of fuel, it simply a following of the US's overarching military doctrine that has been successfully used for almost 100 years, of the ability to out-produce any potential adversary. This means that the adversary isn't just fighting against a single weapon system or unit, or event the entire military, it's fighting against the capabilities of the entire nation. It can be argued that this was one of the strategies that the Chinese (and others) have (had) sought to effectuate from the 1990s until the present day.
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  1601. Another good video Ed, keep 'em coming! One point to stress (if you'll forgive the pun!). The Martin-Baker designs were NOT stressed skin, that was their whole point. Captain Valentine Baker had been a test-pilot for the Vickers Aviation company. In the mid-1920s he was given the job of overseeing the assembly, and flight-testing, of 26 Vickers monoplane parasol "Scouts" ordered by the Chilian Government. The "Scouts" were built on a construction technique licensed to Vickers by the French Wibault company that allowed the construction of internally-stressed monoplane wings. The wings were covered with metal panels, but those panels did not add to the strength of the wing, so it was not a "stressed skin" design. In the Wibault system, the metal panel coverings were riveted to each other along raised lips. This meant if any panel had to be removed all the rivets had to be drilled-out manually, a long and time-consuming business. It was the experience of doing this that led Val Baker to go into business with the engineering genius James Martin, to adapt the concept of the Wibault system so that all the panels were held in place by quick-release fasteners, making construction and maintenance much easier. Their first aircraft, the little civil MB1, showed the system worked. The MB2 fighter used the new method on the wings and front fuselage, but still had a fabric covering for the rear fuselage and tailplane. The MB3 and MB5 used metal coverings throughout. Most descriptions of the MB1,2,3 and 5 completely ignore or understate the revolutionary and unique construction method used in them. Martin-Baker also constructed the revolutionary ARIII autogyro for Raoul Hafner, worthy of another video in its own right.
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  1650. Straight from the off I have to disagree with your analysis, the B-29 wasn’t the “pinnacle” of the WWII heavy bomber, the A.V Roe (AVRO) Lancaster was holds that lofty position, maybe not from a technological standpoint as it had many new and untested innovations, and as you pointed out they didn’t all miraculously work from day-1, teething issues that General Le-May obviously didn’t appreciate or need, especially when he first took over the USAAF In the pacific theatre of operations, teething problems that on any other new aircraft would be an inconvenience at best and problematic at worst, but for the “Super-fortress” they put lives at risk and for the crews, General Le-May, Boeing and the USA it was embarrassing, after all the hype and bluster about how technically advanced, designed and built, by American craftsmen, by the best aircraft manufacturer in the world it could not be allowed to fail and not enter service, even more so because if it didn’t or couldn’t then the atomic bombs would have to be dropped by the totally untechnical, string-bag, A.V Roe Lancaster, the only aircraft capable of delivering instant sunshine bombs to Japan, how embarrassing would that have been, America, with a huge number of other countries including Great Britain 🇬🇧, could build the world’s first real WMD but could NOT actually get it to the target, not very good for American pride, and even then it couldn’t be loaded without some major digging of pits and special cradles etc, but the good old Lancaster, with modifications to the bomb bay could it could easily lift the bomb, it weighed less than either “Tallboy” or Grand Slam”, so, for me the B-29 was the second best heavy bomber of WWII, but let’s face it, the Lancaster and B-29 were the only two real “Heavies” from either side of the war, and in addition the Lancaster was the father of other iterations of the design culminating in the A.V Roe Shackleton, long after the B-29 or any of its lineage were sent to the scrap heap. Serious question, why, as a general rule, do American aircraft manufacturers believe bigger is better????, and yet they have produced some of the small aircraft to ever see service, the A-4 Skyhawk being a prime example. Despite my opinion differing from yours regarding the B-29 i would still like to say thanks for another excellent episode, interesting, informative and well presented, please keep up the hard work, big thumbs up đŸ‘đŸ˜€đŸ‡ŹđŸ‡§đŸŽó §ó ąó „ó źó §ó ż
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  1677. What's with the snide against the Su-27? I think it is the most beautiful of all modern fighter jets and the way they managed to decrease the wing loading without increasing drag by making the body create lift and act as a 3rd wing is quite ingenious, kind of a "eat your cake and still have it"-thing, as anyone who knows something about aircraft design and the necessary trade-offs and compromises made between maneuverability/wing loading and speed/low drag knows and should be able to appreciate. That is quite a feat, from an engineering perspective. Add to that the enormous internal fuel capacity making external drop tanks optional instead of mandatory and that despite being more maneuverable, it still has a decent max speed and it is a very impressive machine, at least in theory. It might be let down by the avionics, radar and the training levels of the pilots flying it, or the commanding officers deciding how it is flown and when, but it arguably is the better aircraft, compared to the comparably simple "modern boom and zoom fighter with a big radar"-design of the F-15. And no, I'm not a Russian troll or military fanboy. I am a interested outsider from a country that neither operates F-15, nor any variant of the Su and have no personal, nationalistic dog in that game. Subjectively, as a "aircraft porn pervert", I like both. The F-14, not so much to be honest. It always looked too bulky to me and kind of lazy in its design. It looks like something a amateur using a 3d modeling software to design his own fighter aircraft would come up with. Just 2 engines with a cockpit and all the other stuff a fighter needs slapped on to it in kind of a slapdash "good enough to work" matter. It is nowhere near as elegant as a Su-27, which looks like a mix between a eagle, a crane and a shark. I think without the original Top Gun movie, only a small niche minority among military aircraft fans would count it as one of their favorites. In that regard it kind of is like the "Paris Hilton" of fighter jets. People find her sexy because the media told them so but nobody really can explain why they ride the bandwagon of finding her hot. Yeah, Paris Hilton is a 20 year late, dated reference, but I don't know enough about modern "sex symbols" to make the comparison with a more up to date example, hehe.
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  2022. Thank you very much for this - and other - updates (in addition to your normal 'unusual plane' videos). So, the American Navy seizes a boat of unknown origin carrying large amounts of arms - apparently from Iran - destined, apparently, for Yemen (a war that both Obama and Trump - supported the Saudi-backed side. Plus, the Saudi's have been trying to prove an Iranian connection to the other side for years...to strengthen their hand in the conflict.) And this was SO important to someone higher up, that the Navy personnel were instructed to spend hours & hours to breakout the weapons from their boxes and cover the deck with them in neat rows - to look more impressive and, hopefully, more newsworthy. Now who benefits the most from this - if it were true? The Saudis (massively), Israel (somewhat) and the US neocons (largely) Saudi's - they can get America to keep helping them as Biden is publicly waffling on the conflict. Israel - because they despise Iran...period. US - the neocons in Washington whom want a war with Iran, want to support the Saudi's in Yemen and do NOT want Biden to re-start, the Iranian nuclear deal. And how does this hurt Iran? Hugely - if it convinces Biden to NOT re-start the nuclear deal. As it is suffering from the boycotts. Iranian involvement in the Yemeni Civil War has NEVER been factually proven. But the Saudi Royal family desperately want a link to be proven. https://www.thespec.com/opinion/contributors/2019/12/06/gwynne-dyer-saudis-are-the-big-losers-as-bloody-war-in-yemen-sputters-out.html I smell a rat. Me thinks that someone who wants an Iranian-Houthi connection proven. So, they got hold of some arms, threw some Iranian-captured weapons in, amongst the bunch, stuck 'em on a un-registered boat and made sure the US Navy found the boat...and ta da!!! The Saudis/Israelis and US neo cons have their Iranian/Houthi connection. Why the 'f' would Iran send arms that could easily be identified as theirs to the Houthi's right on some boat that is sailing where the US Navy is patrolling? And why would they include in said shipment some arms that would point a big, red arrow right at Iran? That is taking an AWFUL lot of chances just to send the Houthi's some arms that they could use - but they will not lose without. I am quite sure that sending the Houthis money would help them at least as much - and be untraceable...especially if done with cryptocurrencies. Sorry...I ain't buying it. One thing people have to learn about international relations is that when something is found/happens? And it when you look behind the headlines? You realize that this hurts the people that are accused of doing the naughty thing FAR more than it ever could have helped them had this naughty thing gone unnoticed. It was like when their was that 'gas attack' in Syria - supposedly by Assad on a small village. I mean - why the 'f' would Assad risk a bunch of international condemnation AND US airstrikes to simply gas a tiny village? It made NO sense. Yet, because the anti-Assad coalition were starting to lose (after Russia came in) - they were desperate for American help? It made a TON of sense for the rebels to stage a fake attack on the village (or a real one and kill a few civilians') with gas shells they had confiscated from Assad warehouses at the start of the civil war. This would horrify the world - because the world are mostly idiots/naive - and get the world to help them. And it worked...sort of. Trump launched some air strikes. But nothing else. ALWAYS look behind the headlines on EVERY story. Thank you again for this video, Ed Nash. Very informative. And as I have stated in the past - VERY refreshingly presented.
    2
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  2142. Dear Ed, your videos are very interesting which, I must confess, I discovered very recently, in fact I recently posted a comment with some considerations about the IAĂ©-24 Calquin. I would like to say a couple of things about the HAL HF-24 Marut that I think will be cause for disbelief if not seen with perspective and common sense. Unfortunately, photos cannot be shown here that would be enlightening of what I am about to say. The Marut was designed, in 1954, in Argentina, with the name of IA-40 Pulqui III. I would like to explain a few things. After the first flights of the Pulqui II it had become evident that it was not going to be a supersonic fighter, so experiments began on modified RR Derwent V engines with afterburner. They also concluded that in order to achieve Mach-1, the prototype had to be extensively adapted. The idea with the afterburner tests was to emulate the tests that England was carrying out with the Derwent V-R turbojets whose technical information was prohibited because it was a new and secret technology. Despite the fact that the tests were very satisfactory, the need for a new aircraft project was evident. In 1954 under the direction of Kurt Tank, the engineers MittelhĂŒber and Bansemir began with the conception of the IA-40 Pulqui III. With the appearance of new and more powerful axial-flow turbojets, the group of German technicians began to analyze the options. In the first place, the most viable to be repowered was the RR Avon (which was going to be acquired for the IA-36 Condor, of which Rolls Royce had already authorized the delivery of up to six engines as soon as they were finished, as well as the immediate delivery of a mock-up as physical model for the design and installation of systems and equipment). They were also presented with the Armstrong-Siddeley "Sapphire" as more suitable as they knew that the British were experimenting with afterburners on the ASSa.7LR model however, as in the case of the Derwent V-R, no technical information was available. After not renewing his contract, in 1956 Tank and a small group of collaborators; Evers; Geissler; Melzer; Mittelhuber; Pabst; Puffert; Rothkegel; Ruth and Starke traveled to Bangalore, India, where they finished and adapted the already conceived IA-40 Pulqui III for the use of the Bristol-Siddeley "Orpheus" 703. As a witness to this, at the Centro de Ensayos en Vuelo (Flight Test Center) of the FĂĄbrica Militar de Aviones de CĂłrdoba (Military Factory of Aircrafts), a large model for the wind tunnel of the IA-40 from 1954 is preserved that which is undoubtedly identical to the HAL Marut. Ing. Wilhelm Bansemir, builder of the FW-200 Condor and the IA-33 Pulqui II and co-designer with MittelhĂŒber of the IA-40 Pulqui III, did not accompany Kurt TankÂŽs group to India.
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  2679. In reply to the questions that you pose in your video, I offer the following: 1. Was the Winter War between the Soviet Union and Finland part of World War II? Yes. To me, the operative word in that question is 'WORLD'. It is not the Axis and Allied War. Granted, there could have been totally isolated conflicts between say Peru and Ecuador, but that is not the case here. This conflict was at least indirectly related to the situation between what were to become major WW2 combatants. I would include the Spanish Civil War as part of WW2. It was a proving ground for much that was to follow. 2. Was the Gamecock a fighter? Yes. First, to me, it doesn't matter what the aircraft is called. What matters is the action taking place. In air to air combat, one aircraft is always the aggressor. That air craft, that is functioning as the aggressor, may be considered a fighter. The other aircraft may be also an aggressor (a fighter to fighter dog fight) or a non-aggressor, a defender. The defender may be a bomber, a transport or cargo aircraft, a trainer, a reconnaissance aircraft, etc. It may be able to fight back or not. 3. Does the action is question constitute a 'KILL'? No. To me, 'KILL' as used in your video description implies air-to-air kill. The victim in this case was a ground target. The ground target may be moving, like a truck or a tank, or stationary. When an aircraft is taking off or landing, when does it change from a ground target to an aircraft in flight? When the wheels make contact with or break contact with the ground? I'll leave that question unanswered. In this context, 'KILL' should refer to air to air, 'DESTROYED' should refer to ground targets. Thank you very much for your efforts. May you and yours stay well and prosper.
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