Comments by "" (@RedXlV) on "The Drydock - Episode 162" video.
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@Karl Dubhe Prinz Eugen was a bit over 2,000 tons heavier than Graf Spee, and they had similar armor. Eugen also had a 32 knot top speed, same as Exeter. Meaning that unlike with Graf Spee, the British cruisers would get to dictate the engagement. The German 20.3cm gun was also longer-ranged than the British 8" (as well it should be, given that it's a longer-barreled gun designed a decade later), and quite a lot longer ranged than the British 6". Now whether Eugen would actually be able to hit anything while firing from outside the British' ships range is questionable. You don't normally score hits from beyond Exeter's 28km max range, let alone at Eugen's 33.5km max range. But just shooting from that range would encourage the British cruisers to maneuver rather than chasing in a straight line, further allowing Eugen to flee with impunity. Her mission is commerce raiding, not duking it out with warships, so running away is clearly the choice Captain Langsdorff (presuming it's still him in command when we swap out Graf Spee for Prinz Eugen) would make.
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I mean in theory, that could certainly be done. It's all a matter of how much time, effort, and money you're willing to put into an old ship. Arkansas was similar in age, size, and armament to the Italian Conte di Cavour and Caio Duilio classes, and only 1 knot slower than them. And in the 1930s, the Italians rebuild those ships to be capable of 27 knots, and upgraded their guns from 305mm to 320mm.
But for the US, such a rebuild would never have been worthwhile. The Cavour and Duilio classes were the only battleships Italy had from 1928 until 1940, so doing a massive refit to increase their capabilities as a stopgap until the Littorio-class battleships could be built made some sense. Whereas in the 1930s US Navy, Arkansas was the oldest and least capable out of 15 operational battleships, so it would've been seen as a waste to do any major refit.
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