Youtube comments of DorianDotSlash (@Doriandotslash).
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I realize I'll probably get some hate for this. However, Macs just aren't what they used to be, and even the biggest Apple fans will agree. They sorta just plateaued. Once upon a time when hardware improved by leaps and bounds, their new hardware was good, but never great. And now, it just seems they can't get ahead anymore, and are selling overpriced devices that are just, "meh". Yes, they probably last a long time, but with the amount I spent on my MacBook Pro, I could have purchased 2 or 3 high-end PCs/Laptops that are current, and would still last several years. Apple's new focus seems to have shifted heavily towards their iPhone, tablets, and the iWatch, but even those are seen as expensive toys to many people.
This is my rant of frustration. Enjoy!
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Edwin Chen now that’s a good question that will have a long answer... Being completely fair here, almost any distro is good for software devs, you just install what you need. But you also have to think about what tools are available as well as what kind of community support you can get to help you along the way if you hit a snag. Tools are usually found in the repos, or on the web as a downloadable package, and maybe even source code.
The advantage of using repo packages is getting updates easily. Likewise, some software is available for download as a precompiled package, which are commonly in .deb and/or .rpm format. Debian (and child distros like Ubuntu) use .deb, and Fedora/openSUSE use .rpm. Other distros would need to download and compile source code manually, or have precompiled packages available like in the AUR for Arch-based distros. Ubuntu and Arch-based distros have the most packages available in their repos. Arch probably has more if you include the AUR, but there are some security issues you should read up on before using it.
The community support is also very important, and in my opinion Ubuntu wins this one hands-down mostly because of its size, but Arch and openSUSE are also pretty good.
As for which Desktop Environment to use, that’s a complete personal preference. But if you’re planning to develop desktop applications, you may want to choose wisely. For example, if you’re making Qt apps, use KDE even if you prefer Gnome because KDE uses Qt and Gnome uses GTK. You can still use what you want, you’ll just have to install a lot more libraries on your system, and it might not look how it’s intended.
So even though this is more of an explanation rather than a straight answer and picking one single distro, I hope that clears things up a little.
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You're correct about how it basically works. The Intel GPU runs your graphical environment which uses less battery. At this point, the Nvidia GPU is completely turned off. When you launch an application under the Nvidia GPU, it fires up and runs under Nvidia. There's two differences in how it works here;
The Windows implementation of the Nvidia software is a lot more complex, and makes the Optimus switching work as intended. Basically (in Windows), the system will automatically switch when it detects a game running, and you don't have to do anything yourself.
The Linux version is more of a manual thing. You need to run the "optimus" command before your command to make bumblebee launch the application using the Nvidia GPU. This is why in Steam, I set the games that are graphics heavy to run with optimus. It will not automatically take advantage of the Nvidia GPU to run games, you have to tell it to do so.
You can also do the same with any application that uses a GPU for rendering like Blender or Kdenlive. Just launch it as "optirun kdenlive" or edit your application launcher file (.desktop file) to permanently execute is as such every time.
You may also find some sites that claim to use "primusrun". This can currently be used as well, and they both do the same thing, but since I get a harmless warning message using primusrun, I just use optirun.
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Yes, and with Antergos which is Arch-based, you can choose Cinnamon, Deepin, Gnome, KDE, MATE, Openbox or XFCE from the one installer. I have a video on that.
But, for Ubuntu, the best alternative, which is really a better nicer version of Ubuntu and without snaps is Pop OS : https://youtu.be/ff5TqC0-gGs Be sure to check it out!
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Yes, you can install any complete desktop you wish. For example, if you want to install Gnome Desktop, use "sudo apt install gnome-shell". Or, for the desktop and all the software that comes with it, choose "ubuntu-gnome-desktop". You can also install the Unity desktop with the package "ubuntu-desktop". There are several others to choose from, you just need to search google because some need you to add the PPA repository first, such as the Budgie Desktop, which I also like. However, be aware that in this video, I did not install a Display Manager (the login screen) so you can't just logout and pick a different desktop environment easily. Watch my 1st video on installing the Display Manager and ensure you have the login screen, and this will help you easily switch between different desktops when you login.
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Linux, the kernel, has been forked and used in many operating systems in many different ways. The beauty of Linux is that the package managers handle where things are installed, so you don't have to worry about it. And drives can be mounted anywhere in the filesystem, even in your home folder if you want. But drives also appear in the left bar of file managers, so that's also something you don't really need to worry about. Flexibility is key, and as complicated as it may seem, it's all managed under the hood. It's really no different that if you start browsing the c:\windows\ subfolders and all those hidden directories. But again, all those are things you shouldn't play in because the OS manages that. The only big difference is that Windows hides all of this in the c:\windows directory because Windows is an OS that was originally installed within another OS (DOS). In Linux, the root folder IS the OS folder, as it should be.
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Unix is very old, and before tab completion, it was easier to write all the scripts and programs etc by keeping directories and commands short. Hence 3-letter directories and many 2-letter commands like ls, cp, mv, rm... Remember way back when even before C, assembler was a nightmare to code, ever look at ASM code? These old directories stuck around and have had several changes. With DE's that auto mount drives, they started using the /media directory to not conflict with manually mounted drives in /mnt. As for everything being a file, it makes things simpler. In Windows, you need to use the registry or API's, with Linux you have more direct access without needing extra libraries or drivers installed, and you have one way to do it instead of many different ways in Windows. The thing you should take away is that there's no need to play in most of these folders because the OS and package manager handle them. Users like yourself who don't understand should just stay in the /home folder and not mess with anything else. You might want to read up a bit on the history of Unix and Linux if you want to understand more of why things are the way they are instead of just trashing it because you don't like or understand the reasoning and history behind it.
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This is all to do with the type of distro you choose. Fixed releases tend to have slightly older packages in order to maximize stability, and are updated less often to ensure you get a bug-free experience. For the most-part, this doesn't matter unless you specifically need a newer version because of a specific feature. A rolling release distro will have the newest package versions, but at the cost of introducing possible bugs (which is rare), and you will also get pinged with updates more often. apt, zypper, pacman etc are all package managers that different distros use. It's just a tool they choose. But snap and flatpak are slightly different because they use applications that are designed to be independent of which distro you're using, and also run inside a sandbox which will not be able to affect your system if something goes wrong. You can use flatpak for example on any distro, and will always get the same version of software across all distros. Flatpaks are also usually one of the newest versions available. This is what I typically do nowadays; I use Debian for maximum stability, and then if I want a newer version of a package, I'll use flatpak to install that.
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First of all, thanks! Second, I don't hate Mac, I've owned them for years and still own a 2017 Air now that I use quite often. Now Apple itself I'm not a fan of simply because they're always behind and make bad calls, like going to USB-C only, the horrible new keyboards which they refuse to fix, among many other things. Don't even get me started on the iPhone iOS nightmares. The hardware is great (minus what I mentioned), and MacOS is solid, but they're always behind and they seem to be opposed to customization beyond changing the wallpaper and now recently, the ugly dark mode. As for Elementary, I just don't see why they're blatantly trying to copy Mac but deny doing it. If someone wants a Mac-like OS, just get a Mac. It seems this is just a cheap/free way of getting something similar without paying for it.
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Think of it this way : The root folder at the top of the hierarchy is the Linux kernel. So the main disk that Linux is installed into is mounted to "/". Then the Kernel creates its folders like /dev, /proc/ sys etc... These are not REAL folders, they are created by the kernel and reside in memory. Now, when you mount another HD, or a USB drive, it is mounted in either /media or /mnt because it's the Kernel that mounts and connects to the drive, therefore, the path to that drive is underneath the root folder. Essentially, you can't get higher than root, and it were possible for a Kernel to load and run without a hard drive, its resources and processes would still live in the root folder even though there technically isn't any hard drive mounted at all. Hope that makes sense :)
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