Youtube comments of Lex Fridman (@lexfridman).

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  7. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep442-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 1:09 - Psychology of winning and losing 3:51 - Politics is a dirty game 5:28 - Business vs politics 8:04 - War in Ukraine 9:53 - Kamala Harris interview on CNN 10:36 - Trump-Harris debate 13:33 - China 15:47 - 2020 election 24:03 - Project 2025 24:52 - Marijuana 27:13 - Joe Rogan 30:54 - Division 38:00 - Communism and fascism 41:36 - Power 43:36 - UFOs & JFK 44:16 - Jeffrey Epstein 45:55 - Mortality and religion 47:25 - Lex AMA Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/donald-trump-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Trump's Truth: https://truthsocial.com/@realDonaldTrump Trump's X: https://x.com/realDonaldTrump Trump's Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/realdonaldtrump Trump's Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/DonaldTrump Trump's TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@realdonaldtrump Trump's Website: https://www.donaldjtrump.com SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Ground News: Unbiased news source. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/ground_news-ep442-sa Encord: AI tooling for annotation & data management. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/encord-ep442-sa Eight Sleep: Temp-controlled smart mattress. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/eight_sleep-ep442-sa NetSuite: Business management software. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/netsuite-ep442-sa Shopify: Sell stuff online. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/shopify-ep442-sa
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  23. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep456-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 3:29 - Introductory words from Lex 13:55 - Language 23:44 - World War II 40:32 - Invasion on Feb 24, 2022 47:07 - Negotiating Peace 1:07:24 - NATO and security guarantees 1:20:17 - Sitting down with Putin and Trump 1:39:47 - Compromise and leverage 1:45:15 - Putin and Russia 1:55:07 - Donald Trump 2:05:39 - Martial Law and Elections 2:17:58 - Corruption 2:26:44 - Elon Musk 2:30:47 - Trump Inauguration on Jan 20 2:33:55 - Power dynamics in Ukraine 2:37:27 - Future of Ukraine 2:42:09 - Choice of language 2:51:39 - Podcast prep and research process 3:00:04 - Travel and setup 3:05:51 - Conclusion Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/volodymyr-zelenskyy-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: President Zelenskyy's X: https://x.com/ZelenskyyUa President Zelenskyy's Instagram: https://instagram.com/zelenskyy_official President Zelenskyy's Website: https://www.president.gov.ua/ SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Notion: Note-taking and team collaboration. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/notion-ep456-sa GitHub: Developer platform and AI code editor. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/github-ep456-sa AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/ag1-ep456-sa LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/lmnt-ep456-sa Eight Sleep: Temp-controlled smart mattress cover. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/eight_sleep-ep456-sa BetterHelp: Online therapy and counseling. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/betterhelp-ep456-sa
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  37. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep438-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 0:49 - Elon Musk 4:06 - Telepathy 10:45 - Power of human mind 15:12 - Future of Neuralink 20:27 - Ayahuasca 29:57 - Merging with AI 34:44 - xAI 36:57 - Optimus 43:47 - Elon's approach to problem-solving 1:01:23 - History and geopolitics 1:05:53 - Lessons of history 1:10:12 - Collapse of empires 1:17:55 - Time 1:20:37 - Aliens and curiosity 1:28:12 - DJ Seo 1:36:20 - Neural dust 1:43:03 - History of brain–computer interface 1:51:07 - Biophysics of neural interfaces 2:01:36 - How Neuralink works 2:07:26 - Lex with Neuralink implant 2:27:24 - Digital telepathy 2:38:27 - Retracted threads 2:44:01 - Vertical integration 2:50:55 - Safety 3:00:50 - Upgrades 3:09:53 - Future capabilities 3:39:09 - Matthew MacDougall 3:44:58 - Neuroscience 3:52:07 - Neurosurgery 4:03:11 - Neuralink surgery 4:22:20 - Brain surgery details 4:38:03 - Implanting Neuralink on self 4:53:57 - Life and death 5:03:17 - Consciousness 5:06:11 - Bliss Chapman 5:19:27 - Neural signal 5:26:19 - Latency 5:30:59 - Neuralink app 5:35:40 - Intention vs action 5:46:54 - Calibration 5:56:26 - Webgrid 6:19:28 - Neural decoder 6:40:03 - Future improvements 6:48:59 - Noland Arbaugh 6:49:08 - Becoming paralyzed 7:02:43 - First Neuralink human participant 7:06:45 - Day of surgery 7:24:31 - Moving mouse with brain 7:49:50 - Webgrid 7:57:52 - Retracted threads 8:06:16 - App improvements 8:13:01 - Gaming 8:23:59 - Future Neuralink capabilities 8:26:55 - Controlling Optimus robot 8:31:16 - God 8:33:21 - Hope Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/elon-musk-and-neuralink-team-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Neuralink's X: https://x.com/neuralink Neuralink's Website: https://neuralink.com/ Elon's X: https://x.com/elonmusk DJ's X: https://x.com/djseo_ Matthew's X: https://x.com/matthewmacdoug4 Bliss's X: https://x.com/chapman_bliss Noland's X: https://x.com/ModdedQuad xAI: https://x.com/xai Tesla: https://x.com/tesla Tesla Optimus: https://x.com/tesla_optimus Tesla AI: https://x.com/Tesla_AI SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Cloaked: Online privacy protection. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/cloaked-ep438-sa MasterClass: Online classes from world-class experts. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/masterclass-ep438-sa Notion: Note-taking and team collaboration. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/notion-ep438-sa LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/lmnt-ep438-sa Motific: Generative ai deployment. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/motific-ep438-sa BetterHelp: Online therapy and counseling. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/betterhelp-ep438-sa
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  43. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep453-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 3:27 - Economic freedom 8:52 - Anarcho-capitalism 18:45 - Presidency and reforms 38:05 - Poverty 44:37 - Corruption 53:14 - Freedom 1:07:26 - Elon Musk 1:12:54 - DOGE 1:14:56 - Donald Trump 1:20:56 - US and Argentina relations 1:28:05 - Messi vs Maradona 1:36:58 - God 1:39:05 - Elvis and Rolling Stones 1:42:45 - Free market 1:49:46 - Loyalty 1:52:23 - Advice for young people 1:53:49 - Hope for Argentina Update: 3rd Audio Track with Original Audio: I've added a 3rd audio track with the original audio, with Lex speaking English and Javier Milei speaking Spanish. To listen to it, please choose "English (United Kingdom)" audio track, by clicking on: Settings (Gear Icon), Audio Track, Choose: English (United Kingdom). So, "English (US)" is the fully english dubbed track, and "English (UK)" is the original bilingual track. For the latter, you can turn on subtitles as well. For now, this is the best I can do. I will work with the YouTube team to figure out a better solution. I tried really hard to make this conversation as accessible as possible to people who speak only English or Spanish. I'll keep trying to figure out how to do this better. Your feedback is deeply appreciated. Thank you for listening. I love you all! ❤ Corrections/Clarifications in Translation: - The English translation at 23:23 says "fiscal deficit" when it should say "fiscal balance". We fixed the captions, transcript, and will try to fix the audio soon 🙏 - A few times "liberal" is mentioned. In most of the world (except US) that means "classical liberal" which in US is better understood as "libertarian". Switch between English & Spanish Versions: This podcast is translated and dubbed into Spanish. To switch between English & Spanish, click: Settings (Gear Icon) > Audio Track > Choose Language. Thank you to ElevenLabs for their amazing help with translation & dubbing 🙏' Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/javier-milei-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Javier Milei's X: https://x.com/JMilei Javier Milei's Instagram: https://instagram.com/javiermilei Javier Milei's Facebook: https://facebook.com/JavierMileiEconomista SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Eight Sleep: Temp-controlled smart mattress. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/eight_sleep-ep453-sa NetSuite: Business management software. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/netsuite-ep453-sa BetterHelp: Online therapy and counseling. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/betterhelp-ep453-sa AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/ag1-ep453-sa LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/lmnt-ep453-sa
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  72. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep336-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 2:01 - Kanye 'Ye' West 9:41 - Hitler and the nature of evil 17:47 - Political attacks on the left and the right 23:31 - Quebec mosque shooting 33:26 - Elon Musk buying Twitter 46:29 - Trump and Biden 51:03 - Hunter Biden's laptop 1:02:36 - Candace Owens 1:06:15 - War in Ukraine 1:16:24 - Rhetoric vs truth 1:21:19 - Infamous BBC interview 1:24:35 - Day in the life 1:39:31 - Abortion 1:52:26 - Climate change 1:59:48 - God and faith 2:10:58 - Tribalism 2:15:34 - Advice for young people 2:19:20 - Andrew Breitbart 2:21:50 - Self-doubt 2:23:52 - Love Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/ben-shapiro-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Ben's Twitter: https://twitter.com/benshapiro Ben's Instagram: https://instagram.com/officialbenshapiro Daily Wire: https://dailywire.com Ben's Books: The Authoritarian Moment: https://amzn.to/3T3RRJv Facts (Still) Don't Care About Your Feelings: https://amzn.to/3T3Hwgs How to Destroy America in Three Easy Steps: https://amzn.to/3fxmeKx The Right Side of History: https://amzn.to/3E3jGgS How to Debate Leftists and Destroy Them: https://amzn.to/3FLHR4z Facts Don't Care about Your Feelings: https://amzn.to/3UrcBvL Books mentioned: The Strongman: https://amzn.to/3U8f2U7 Economics in One Lesson: https://amzn.to/3DWAbLA The Rise and Triumph of the Modern Self: https://amzn.to/3DTGlej SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: ExpressVPN: Fast & secure VPN. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/expressvpn-ep336-sa Policygenius: Life insurance. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/policygenius-ep336-sa BetterHelp: Online therapy and counseling. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/betterhelp-ep336-sa
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  73. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep449-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 1:34 - Lost Ice Age civilization 8:39 - Göbekli Tepe 20:43 - Early humans 25:43 - Astronomical symbolism 37:11 - Younger Dryas impact hypothesis 55:31 - The Great Pyramid and the Sphinx of Giza 1:16:04 - Sahara Desert and the Amazon rainforest 1:25:25 - Response to critics 1:49:31 - Panspermia 1:56:58 - Shamanism 2:20:58 - How the Great Pyramid was built 2:28:17 - Mortality Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/graham-hancock-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Graham's Website: https://grahamhancock.com/ Ancient Apocalypse (Season 2): https://netflix.com/title/81211003 Graham's YouTube: https://youtube.com/GrahamHancockDotCom Graham's X: https://x.com/Graham__Hancock Graham's Facebook: https://facebook.com/Author.GrahamHancock Fingerprints of the Gods (book): https://amzn.to/4eM3QXC SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Notion: Note-taking and team collaboration. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/notion-ep449-sa Riverside: Platform for recording podcasts and videos from everywhere. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/riverside-ep449-sa LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/lmnt-ep449-sa Shopify: Sell stuff online. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/shopify-ep449-sa BetterHelp: Online therapy and counseling. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/betterhelp-ep449-sa
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  98. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep443-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 2:23 - Ancient world 16:18 - Three phases of Roman history 19:08 - Rome's expansion 30:48 - Punic wars 39:20 - Conquering Greece 40:59 - Scipio vs Hannibal 44:05 - Heavy infantry vs Cavalry 47:42 - Armor 1:00:32 - Alexander the Great 1:06:33 - Roman law 1:16:13 - Slavery 1:23:53 - Fall of the Roman Republic 1:27:38 - Julius Caesar 1:32:17 - Octavian's rise 1:42:09 - Cleopatra 1:50:32 - Augustus 2:18:42 - Religion in Rome 2:42:47 - Emperors 2:49:54 - Marcus Aurelius 2:56:05 - Taxes 2:59:13 - Fall of the Roman Empire 3:16:25 - Decisive battles 3:40:35 - Hope Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/gregory-aldrete-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Gregory's Website: https://gregorysaldrete.com/ Gregory's Books: https://amzn.to/3z6NiKC Gregory's Great Courses Plus: https://www.thegreatcoursesplus.com/gregory-s-aldrete Gregory's Audible: https://adbl.co/4e72oP0 SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/lmnt-ep443-sa Shopify: Sell stuff online. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/shopify-ep443-sa AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/ag1-ep443-sa BetterHelp: Online therapy and counseling. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/betterhelp-ep443-sa ExpressVPN: Fast & secure VPN. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/expressvpn-ep443-sa
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  108. Here are the timestamps. Please check out our sponsors to support this podcast. 0:00 - Introduction & sponsor mentions: - Gala Games: https://gala.games/lex - Allform: https://allform.com/lex to get 20% off - Indeed: https://indeed.com/lex to get $75 credit - ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod and use code LexPod to get 3 months free - Eight Sleep: https://www.eightsleep.com/lex and use code LEX to get special savings 2:09 - What programming language is the simulation written in? 7:14 - Favorite philosophers 16:15 - Theory vs engineering in cryptocurrency 27:24 - What programming languages should everyone learn 35:39 - Haskell and beyond 39:23 - Plutus: Cardano's smart contract platform based on Haskell 43:50 - What is a blockchain? 48:02 - Hybrid smart contracts 53:53 - Proof of work vs proof of stake 1:02:39 - Cardano's proof of stake consensus algorithm 1:13:11 - What is Cardano? 1:21:52 - Cardano vs Ethereum vs Bitcoin 1:31:47 - The problem with Bitcoin 1:41:21 - Bitcoin Conference 1:45:02 - Ergo and Alex Chepurnoy 1:52:12 - Cardano's Extended UTXO Model 1:59:25 - Chainlink and Oracle Networks 2:06:37 - Cardano and Wolfram Alpha 2:11:32 - The future of video games 2:20:07 - Smart contracts timeline for Cardano 2:27:37 - Decentralized exchanges 2:33:18 - Jack Dorsey and Bitcoin 2:39:30 - Elon Musk and Tesla: Cardano, Ethereum, Bitcoin 2:42:47 - Dogecoin and Elon Musk 2:54:08 - Hydra vs Lightning Network 3:01:42 - Non-Interactive Proofs of Proof-of-Work (NIPoPoWs) 3:05:36 - Cardano failure modes 3:13:57 - Cardano vs Polkadot 3:19:02 - Vitalik Buterin 3:27:13 - Corrupting nature of power 3:37:23 - Satoshi Nakamoto 3:43:34 - Cardano's vision for decentralized governance 3:56:28 - Cardano in Ethiopia 4:00:30 - El Salvador and Bitcoin 4:06:47 - Cryptocurrency will inject capitalism with long-term incentives 4:16:39 - Day in the life of Charles Hoskinson 4:23:56 - Mushrooms 4:30:04 - Joe Rogan 4:34:57 - Video games 4:47:11 - Advice for young people 4:50:20 - Meaning of life
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  112. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep318-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 1:09 - Origin of life 14:56 - Panspermia 20:30 - What is life? 33:44 - Photosynthesis 37:19 - Prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells 47:20 - Sex 55:03 - DNA 1:02:15 - Violence 1:12:50 - Human evolution 1:18:45 - Neanderthals 1:22:18 - Sensory inputs 1:33:08 - Consciousness 2:04:41 - AI and biology 2:34:00 - Evolution 2:54:32 - Fermi paradox 3:07:52 - Cities 3:15:39 - Depression 3:18:14 - Writing 3:26:13 - Advice for young people 3:33:22 - Earth Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/nick-lane-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Nick's Website: https://nick-lane.net Nick's Books: Transformer: https://amzn.to/3cy7lpO The Vital Question: https://amzn.to/3q0vN6q Oxygen: https://amzn.to/3edy3V5 Power, Sex, Suicide: https://amzn.to/3B3OInk Life Ascending: https://amzn.to/3wKIsOE Books mentioned: 21 Lessons for the 21st Century: https://amzn.to/3AZQaqy The Black Cloud: https://amzn.to/3wJhDKC SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Notion: Note-taking and team collaboration. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/notion-ep318-sa BetterHelp: Online therapy and counseling. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/betterhelp-ep318-sa
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  124. This is the opening lecture on recent developments in deep learning and AI, and hopes for 2020. It's humbling beyond words to have the opportunity to lecture at MIT and to be part of the AI community. Here's the outline: 0:00 - Introduction 0:33 - AI in the context of human history 5:47 - Deep learning celebrations, growth, and limitations 6:35 - Deep learning early key figures 9:29 - Limitations of deep learning 11:01 - Hopes for 2020: deep learning community and research 12:50 - Deep learning frameworks: TensorFlow and PyTorch 15:11 - Deep RL frameworks 16:13 - Hopes for 2020: deep learning and deep RL frameworks 17:53 - Natural language processing 19:42 - Megatron, XLNet, ALBERT 21:21 - Write with transformer examples 24:28 - GPT-2 release strategies report 26:25 - Multi-domain dialogue 27:13 - Commonsense reasoning 28:26 - Alexa prize and open-domain conversation 33:44 - Hopes for 2020: natural language processing 35:11 - Deep RL and self-play 35:30 - OpenAI Five and Dota 2 37:04 - DeepMind Quake III Arena 39:07 - DeepMind AlphaStar 41:09 - Pluribus: six-player no-limit Texas hold'em poker 43:13 - OpenAI Rubik's Cube 44:49 - Hopes for 2020: Deep RL and self-play 45:52 - Science of deep learning 46:01 - Lottery ticket hypothesis 47:29 - Disentangled representations 48:34 - Deep double descent 49:30 - Hopes for 2020: science of deep learning 50:56 - Autonomous vehicles and AI-assisted driving 51:50 - Waymo 52:42 - Tesla Autopilot 57:03 - Open question for Level 2 and Level 4 approaches 59:55 - Hopes for 2020: autonomous vehicles and AI-assisted driving 1:01:43 - Government, politics, policy 1:03:03 - Recommendation systems and policy 1:05:36 - Hopes for 2020: Politics, policy and recommendation systems 1:06:50 - Courses, Tutorials, Books 1:10:05 - General hopes for 2020 1:11:19 - Recipe for progress in AI 1:13:11 - Q&A: Limitations / road-blocks of deep learning 1:14:15 - Q&A: What made you interested in AI 1:15:21 - Q&A: Will machines ever be able to think and feel? 1:18:20 - Q&A: Is RL a good candidate for achieving AGI? 1:21:31 - Q&A: Are autonomous vehicles responsive to sound? 1:22:43 - Q&A: What does the future with AGI look like? 1:25:50 - Q&A: Will AGI systems become our masters?
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  152. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep446-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 1:39 - Lost civilizations 8:43 - Hunter-gatherers 12:16 - First humans in the Americas 22:07 - South America 27:36 - Pyramids 34:40 - Religion 47:44 - Shamanism 49:41 - Ayahuasca 55:54 - Lost City of Z 1:00:48 - Graham Hancock 1:07:51 - Uncontacted tribes 1:13:51 - Maya civilization 1:29:40 - Mayan calendar 1:44:57 - Flood myths 2:13:25 - Aztecs 2:30:52 - Inca Empire 2:48:52 - Early humans in North America 2:54:50 - Columbus 2:59:26 - Vikings 3:03:35 - Aliens 3:08:02 - Earth in 10,000 years 3:24:12 - Hope for the future Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/ed-barnhart-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Ed's YouTube: https://youtube.com/@archaeoedpodcast Ed's Website: https://archaeoed.com/ Maya Exploration Center: https://mayaexploration.org Ed's Lectures on The Great Courses: https://thegreatcoursesplus.com/edwin-barnhart Ed's Lectures on Audible: https://adbl.co/4dBavTZ 2025 Mayan Calendar: https://mayan-calendar.com/ SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: MasterClass: Online classes from world-class experts. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/masterclass-ep446-sa Shopify: Sell stuff online. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/shopify-ep446-sa NetSuite: Business management software. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/netsuite-ep446-sa AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/ag1-ep446-sa Notion: Note-taking and team collaboration. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/notion-ep446-sa
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  159. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep452-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 3:14 - Scaling laws 12:20 - Limits of LLM scaling 20:45 - Competition with OpenAI, Google, xAI, Meta 26:08 - Claude 29:44 - Opus 3.5 34:30 - Sonnet 3.5 37:50 - Claude 4.0 42:02 - Criticism of Claude 54:49 - AI Safety Levels 1:05:37 - ASL-3 and ASL-4 1:09:40 - Computer use 1:19:35 - Government regulation of AI 1:38:24 - Hiring a great team 1:47:14 - Post-training 1:52:39 - Constitutional AI 1:58:05 - Machines of Loving Grace 2:17:11 - AGI timeline 2:29:46 - Programming 2:36:46 - Meaning of life 2:42:53 - Amanda Askell - Philosophy 2:45:21 - Programming advice for non-technical people 2:49:09 - Talking to Claude 3:05:41 - Prompt engineering 3:14:15 - Post-training 3:18:54 - Constitutional AI 3:23:48 - System prompts 3:29:54 - Is Claude getting dumber? 3:41:56 - Character training 3:42:56 - Nature of truth 3:47:32 - Optimal rate of failure 3:54:43 - AI consciousness 4:09:14 - AGI 4:17:52 - Chris Olah - Mechanistic Interpretability 4:22:44 - Features, Circuits, Universality 4:40:17 - Superposition 4:51:16 - Monosemanticity 4:58:08 - Scaling Monosemanticity 5:06:56 - Macroscopic behavior of neural networks 5:11:50 - Beauty of neural networks Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/dario-amodei-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Claude: https://claude.ai Anthropic's X: https://x.com/AnthropicAI Anthropic's Website: https://anthropic.com Dario's X: https://x.com/DarioAmodei Dario's Website: https://darioamodei.com Machines of Loving Grace (Essay): https://darioamodei.com/machines-of-loving-grace Chris's X: https://x.com/ch402 Chris's Blog: https://colah.github.io Amanda's X: https://x.com/AmandaAskell Amanda's Website: https://askell.io SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Encord: AI tooling for annotation & data management. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/encord-ep452-sa Notion: Note-taking and team collaboration. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/notion-ep452-sa Shopify: Sell stuff online. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/shopify-ep452-sa BetterHelp: Online therapy and counseling. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/betterhelp-ep452-sa LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/lmnt-ep452-sa
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  188. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep444-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 3:10 - Marxism 30:55 - Anarchism 45:52 - The Communist Manifesto 54:51 - Communism in the Soviet Union 1:14:45 - Lenin, Trotsky, and Stalin 1:24:33 - Stalin 1:31:48 - Holodomor 1:45:38 - The Great Terror 1:58:39 - Totalitarianism 2:09:40 - Response to Darryl Cooper 2:24:49 - Nazis vs Communists in Germany 2:31:11 - Mao 2:36:19 - Great Leap Forward 2:43:20 - China after Mao 2:48:52 - North Korea 2:52:56 - Communism in US 3:00:26 - Russia after Soviet Union 3:11:57 - Advice for Lex 3:19:39 - Book recommendations 3:22:38 - Advice for young people 3:29:29 - Hope Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/vejas-liulevicius-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Vejas's Courses: https://www.thegreatcoursesplus.com/vejas-gabriel-liulevicius Vejas's Books: https://amzn.to/4e3R1rz Vejas's Audible: https://adbl.co/4esRrHt SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/ag1-ep444-sa BetterHelp: Online therapy and counseling. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/betterhelp-ep444-sa Notion: Note-taking and team collaboration. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/notion-ep444-sa LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/lmnt-ep444-sa Eight Sleep: Temp-controlled smart mattress. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/eight_sleep-ep444-sa
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  197. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep451-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 0:37 - KGB and CIA 14:54 - Okhrana, Cheka, NKVD 30:26 - CIA spies vs KGB spies 37:02 - Assassinations and mind control 43:56 - Jeffrey Epstein 50:48 - Bohemian Grove 1:02:42 - Occultism 1:13:53 - Nazi party and Thule society 1:54:11 - Protocols of the Elders of Zion 2:27:16 - Charles Manson 2:54:03 - Zodiac Killer 3:04:57 - Illuminati 3:12:21 - Secret societies Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/rick-spence-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Rick's Website: https://www.uidaho.edu/class/history/faculty-staff/richard-spence Rick's Courses: https://bit.ly/40dIZbw SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/ag1-ep451-sa NetSuite: Business management software. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/netsuite-ep451-sa BetterHelp: Online therapy and counseling. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/betterhelp-ep451-sa MasterClass: Online classes from world-class experts. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/masterclass-ep451-sa Shopify: Sell stuff online. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/shopify-ep451-sa
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  202. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep448-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 0:08 - Nietzsche 7:49 - Power and propaganda 12:55 - Nazism 17:55 - Religion 34:19 - Communism 40:04 - Hero myth 42:13 - Belief in God 52:25 - Advice for young people 1:05:03 - Sex 1:25:01 - Good and evil 1:37:47 - Psychopathy 1:51:16 - Hardship 2:03:32 - Pain and gratitude 2:14:33 - Truth Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/jordan-peterson-2-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Peterson Academy: https://petersonacademy.com Jordan's X: https://x.com/jordanbpeterson Jordan's YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@JordanBPeterson Jordan's Website: https://jordanbpeterson.com Jordan's Books: We Who Wrestle with God: https://amzn.to/485Dz4a Beyond Order: https://amzn.to/3T4LRBw 12 Rules for Life: https://amzn.to/3c4sqYF Maps of Meaning: https://amzn.to/3A1Ods2 SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Eight Sleep: Temp-controlled smart mattress. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/eight_sleep-ep448-sa Ground News: Unbiased news source. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/ground_news-ep448-sa BetterHelp: Online therapy and counseling. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/betterhelp-ep448-sa LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/lmnt-ep448-sa
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  214. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep450-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 1:40 - MLK Jr 4:33 - Corruption in politics 15:50 - Healthcare in US 24:23 - 2016 election 30:21 - Barack Obama 36:16 - Capitalism 44:25 - Response to attacks 49:22 - AOC and progressive politics 57:13 - Mortality 59:20 - Hope for the future Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/bernie-sanders-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Bernie's Website: https://berniesanders.com Bernie's X: https://x.com/BernieSanders Bernie's Instagram: https://instagram.com/berniesanders Bernie's YouTube: https://youtube.com/@BernieSanders Bernie's Facebook: https://facebook.com/berniesanders Bernie's Books: It's OK to Be Angry About Capitalism: https://amzn.to/4fiIqS3 Where We Go from Here: https://amzn.to/4eUSJMj Bernie Sanders Guide to Political Revolution: https://amzn.to/3YkVAa4 Our Revolution: https://amzn.to/40cIbnf Outsider in the White House: https://amzn.to/3BSfD8u SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Eight Sleep: Temp-controlled smart mattress. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/eight_sleep-ep450-sa Saily: An eSIM for international travel. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/saily-ep450-sa Ground News: Unbiased news source. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/ground_news-ep450-sa AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/ag1-ep450-sa LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/lmnt-ep450-sa
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  225. Here are the timestamps. Please check out our sponsors to support this podcast. 0:00 - Introduction & sponsor mentions: - Squarespace: https://lexfridman.com/squarespace and use code LEX to get 10% off - Literati: https://literati.com/lex - Onnit: https://lexfridman.com/onnit to get up to 10% off - National Instruments (NI): https://www.ni.com/perspectives 1:18 - Overview of our Solar System 16:16 - What is the Oort Cloud? 21:11 - Life in the interstellar medium 22:44 - Are there aliens out there? 25:23 - How unique is Earth? 28:04 - Did Jupiter destroy early planets? 34:18 - How hard is it to simulate the Universe? 38:50 - Quantum mechanics in evolution of objects in the Solar system 43:17 - Simulating the first formations around the Sun 49:04 - Will it be possible to simulate the full history of the Solar System? 51:24 - How far should we go with the simulation? 53:45 - Increasing immersion in video games 1:00:10 - What is Planet Nine? 1:06:39 - The origin of life 1:09:03 - Evidence of Planet Nine 1:11:33 - Discovery of Neptune 1:12:43 - When will we find Planet Nine? 1:15:22 - Planet Nine throws rocks into the Kuiper Belt 1:19:17 - Could Planet Nine be a primordial black hole? 1:29:21 - Commercial space revolution boosts science and the human condition 1:36:48 - Solving sex in space 1:37:26 - Would humans evolve if we couldn't see the stars? 1:43:09 - Military funding and science 1:47:13 - Is Oumuamua space junk from a distant alien civilization? 2:00:35 - Wild ideas create the future 2:08:24 - The perfect place to die 2:10:05 - Greatest song of all time 2:16:35 - Music enables science for Konstantin 2:18:53 - Music practice tips for busy people 2:22:43 - Memories of 1990s Russia 2:29:15 - Advice for young people 2:35:11 - Meaning of life
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  230. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep440-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 2:03 - Startup philosophy 9:34 - Low points 13:03 - 12 startups in 12 months 19:55 - Traveling and depression 32:34 - Indie hacking 36:37 - Photo AI 1:12:53 - How to learn AI 1:21:30 - Robots 1:29:47 - Hoodmaps 1:53:52 - Learning new programming languages 2:03:24 - Monetize your website 2:09:59 - Fighting SPAM 2:13:33 - Automation 2:24:58 - When to sell startup 2:27:52 - Coding solo 2:33:54 - Ship fast 2:42:38 - Best IDE for programming 2:52:09 - Andrej Karpathy 3:01:34 - Productivity 3:15:21 - Minimalism 3:24:07 - Emails 3:31:20 - Coffee 3:39:05 - E/acc 3:41:21 - Advice for young people Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/pieter-levels-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Pieter's X: https://x.com/levelsio Pieter's Techno Optimist Shop: https://levelsio.com/ Indie Maker Handbook: https://readmake.com/ Nomad List: https://nomadlist.com Remote OK: https://remoteok.com Hoodmaps: https://hoodmaps.com SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Shopify: Sell stuff online. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/shopify-ep440-sa Motific: Generative ai deployment. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/motific-ep440-sa AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/ag1-ep440-sa MasterClass: Online classes from world-class experts. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/masterclass-ep440-sa BetterHelp: Online therapy and counseling. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/betterhelp-ep440-sa Eight Sleep: Temp-controlled smart mattress. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/eight_sleep-ep440-sa
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  235. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep455-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 1:58 - Planet formation 7:08 - Plate tectonics 14:30 - Extinction events 18:41 - Biosphere 21:39 - Technosphere 25:53 - Emergence of intelligence 32:06 - Drake equation 36:20 - Exoplanets 39:04 - Habitable zones 42:06 - Fermi Paradox 51:04 - Alien civilizations 1:00:32 - Colonizing Mars 1:12:48 - Search for aliens 1:29:13 - Alien megastructures 1:35:19 - Kardashev scale 1:40:32 - Detecting aliens 1:47:14 - Warp drives 1:53:21 - Cryogenics 1:56:39 - What aliens look like 2:05:24 - Alien contact 2:16:29 - UFO sightings 2:28:14 - Physics of life 2:54:05 - Nature of time 3:10:29 - Cognition 3:14:53 - Mortality Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/adam-frank-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Adam's Website: https://adamfrankscience.com Adam's X: https://x.com/adamfrank4 Adam's Instagram: https://instagram.com/adamfrankscience Adam's Books: The Little Book of Aliens: https://amzn.to/3OTX1rP Light of the Stars: https://amzn.to/4iMKC6C The Blind Spot: https://amzn.to/4gOCe4K The Constant Fire: https://amzn.to/3ZVnxX4 SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Encord: AI tooling for annotation & data management. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/encord-ep455-sa Eight Sleep: Temp-controlled smart mattress cover. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/eight_sleep-ep455-sa Shopify: Sell stuff online. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/shopify-ep455-sa NetSuite: Business management software. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/netsuite-ep455-sa BetterHelp: Online therapy and counseling. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/betterhelp-ep455-sa Notion: Note-taking and team collaboration. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/notion-ep455-sa LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/lmnt-ep455-sa AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/ag1-ep455-sa
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  238. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep445-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 2:02 - Conservatism 5:18 - Progressivism 10:52 - DEI 15:45 - Bureaucracy 22:36 - Government efficiency 37:46 - Education 52:11 - Military Industrial Complex 1:14:29 - Illegal immigration 1:36:03 - Donald Trump 1:57:29 - War in Ukraine 2:08:43 - China 2:19:53 - Will Vivek run in 2028? 2:31:32 - Approach to debates Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/vivek-ramaswamy-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Truths (new book): https://amzn.to/3XPgZJF Vivek's X: https://x.com/VivekGRamaswamy Vivek's YouTube: https://youtube.com/@VivekGRamaswamy Vivek's Instagram: https://instagram.com/vivekgramaswamy Vivek's Facebook: https://facebook.com/VivekGRamaswamy Vivek's Rumble: https://rumble.com/VivekRamaswamy Vivek's LinkedIn: https://bit.ly/4e5g0uv Vivek's other books: Woke, Inc.: https://amzn.to/4eqiDqs Nation of Victims: https://amzn.to/3Tu4259 Capitalist Punishment: https://amzn.to/3XOwi5c SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Saily: An eSIM for international travel. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/saily-ep445-sa BetterHelp: Online therapy and counseling. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/betterhelp-ep445-sa NetSuite: Business management software. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/netsuite-ep445-sa Ground News: Unbiased news source. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/ground_news-ep445-sa Eight Sleep: Temp-controlled smart mattress. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/eight_sleep-ep445-sa
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  248. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep454-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 5:06 - Why Trump won 10:07 - Book recommendations 13:44 - History of wokeism 21:13 - History of Scots-Irish 27:51 - Biden 31:54 - FDR 33:55 - George W Bush 36:18 - LBJ 41:35 - Cuban Missile Crisis 49:07 - Immigration 1:21:06 - DOGE 1:47:46 - MAGA ideology 1:50:58 - Bernie Sanders 1:59:20 - Obama vs Trump 2:16:19 - Nancy Pelosi 2:19:34 - Kamala Harris 2:35:19 - 2020 Election 2:59:08 - Sam Harris 3:10:15 - UFOs 3:16:06 - Future of the Republican Party 3:22:43 - Future of the Democratic Party 3:30:41 - Hope Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/saagar-enjeti-2-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Saagar's Book Recommendations: https://lexfridman.com/saagar-books Saagar's Substack (where he recommends more books): https://saagarenjeti.substack.com/ Saagar's X: https://x.com/esaagar Saagar's Instagram: https://instagram.com/esaagar Breaking Points: https://youtube.com/@breakingpoints The Realignment Podcast: https://www.youtube.com/@therealignment Saagar's Linktree: https://linktr.ee/esaagar SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Eight Sleep: Temp-controlled smart mattress cover. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/eight_sleep-ep454-sa AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/ag1-ep454-sa LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/lmnt-ep454-sa BetterHelp: Online therapy and counseling. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/betterhelp-ep454-sa Shopify: Sell stuff online. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/shopify-ep454-sa NetSuite: Business management software. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/netsuite-ep454-sa
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  253. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep441-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 2:03 - Progressivism 8:12 - Communism 23:00 - Capitalism 29:03 - Corruption 33:49 - Money in politics 50:36 - Fixing politics 1:09:47 - Meritocracy & DEI 1:20:45 - Far-left vs far-right 1:55:19 - Donald Trump 2:15:36 - Joe Biden 2:34:03 - Bernie Sanders 2:47:32 - Kamala Harris 2:55:00 - Harris vs Trump presidential debate 3:08:31 - RFK Jr 3:18:12 - The Young Turks 3:26:25 - Joe Rogan 3:36:05 - Propaganda 3:43:22 - Conspiracy theories 3:51:09 - Israel-Palestine 4:00:56 - Hope Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/cenk-uygur-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Cenk's X: https://x.com/cenkuygur The Young Turks YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/TheYoungTurks The Young Turks Website: https://tyt.com/ The Young Turks on X: https://x.com/TheYoungTurks Justice Is Coming (Cenk's book): https://tyt.com/justice SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Saily: An eSIM for international travel. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/saily-ep441-sa Policygenius: Life insurance. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/policygenius-ep441-sa AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/ag1-ep441-sa MasterClass: Online classes from world-class experts. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/masterclass-ep441-sa LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/lmnt-ep441-sa NetSuite: Business management software. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/netsuite-ep441-sa
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  292. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep458-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 1:09 - Best possible future 10:32 - History of Western Civilization 19:51 - Trump in 2025 27:32 - TDS in tech 40:19 - Preference falsification 56:15 - Self-censorship 1:11:18 - Censorship 1:19:57 - Jon Stewart 1:22:43 - Mark Zuckerberg on Joe Rogan 1:31:32 - Government pressure 1:42:19 - Nature of power 1:55:08 - Journalism 2:00:43 - Bill Ackman 2:05:40 - Trump administration 2:13:19 - DOGE 2:27:11 - H1B and immigration 3:05:05 - Little tech 3:17:25 - AI race 3:26:15 - X 3:29:47 - Yann LeCun 3:33:21 - Andrew Huberman 3:34:53 - Success 3:37:49 - God and humanity Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/marc-andreessen-2-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Marc's X: https://x.com/pmarca Marc's Substack: https://pmarca.substack.com Marc's YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@a16z Andreessen Horowitz: https://a16z.com SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Encord: AI tooling for annotation & data management. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/encord-ep458-sa GitHub: Developer platform and AI code editor. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/github-ep458-sa Notion: Note-taking and team collaboration. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/notion-ep458-sa Shopify: Sell stuff online. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/shopify-ep458-sa LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/lmnt-ep458-sa
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  308. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep459-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 3:33 - DeepSeek-R1 and DeepSeek-V3 25:07 - Low cost of training 51:25 - DeepSeek compute cluster 58:57 - Export controls on GPUs to China 1:09:16 - AGI timeline 1:18:41 - China's manufacturing capacity 1:26:36 - Cold war with China 1:31:05 - TSMC and Taiwan 1:54:44 - Best GPUs for AI 2:09:36 - Why DeepSeek is so cheap 2:22:55 - Espionage 2:31:57 - Censorship 2:44:52 - Andrej Karpathy and magic of RL 2:55:23 - OpenAI o3-mini vs DeepSeek r1 3:14:31 - NVIDIA 3:18:58 - GPU smuggling 3:25:36 - DeepSeek training on OpenAI data 3:36:04 - AI megaclusters 4:11:26 - Who wins the race to AGI? 4:21:39 - AI agents 4:30:21 - Programming and AI 4:37:49 - Open source 4:47:01 - Stargate 4:54:30 - Future of AI Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/deepseek-dylan-patel-nathan-lambert-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Dylan's X: https://x.com/dylan522p SemiAnalysis: https://semianalysis.com/ Nathan's X: https://x.com/natolambert Nathan's Blog: https://www.interconnects.ai/ Nathan's Podcast: https://www.interconnects.ai/podcast Nathan's Website: https://www.natolambert.com/ Nathan's YouTube: https://youtube.com/@natolambert Nathan's Book: https://rlhfbook.com/ SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Invideo AI: AI video generator. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/invideoai-ep459-sa GitHub: Developer platform and AI code editor. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/github-ep459-sa Shopify: Sell stuff online. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/shopify-ep459-sa NetSuite: Business management software. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/netsuite-ep459-sa AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/ag1-ep459-sa
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  409. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep439-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 3:04 - $1 million in cash 5:08 - Kazakhstan 7:33 - Ukraine 39:42 - Bali 47:01 - CJI 58:04 - Gabi Garcia 1:00:58 - The Alley 1:16:08 - Gordon Ryan and Nicholas Meregali 1:23:01 - Trolling 1:25:49 - ADCC 1:36:02 - Training camp 1:47:45 - Breaking legs 1:48:27 - Advice for beginners 1:55:07 - Volk 2:04:09 - Future of jiu jitsu 2:07:16 - Steroids 2:10:44 - Hope Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/craig-jones-2-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: CJI tickets: https://lexfridman.com/cji CJI on B-Team's YouTube: https://youtube.com/bteamjiujitsu Craig Jones's Instagram: https://instagram.com/craigjonesbjj Craig Jones's Instructionals: https://bjjfanatics.com/collections/craig-jones B-Team's Instagram: https://instagram.com/bteamjj/ B-Team's Website: https://bteamjj.com/ SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Eight Sleep: Temp-controlled smart mattress. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/eight_sleep-ep439-sa LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/lmnt-ep439-sa BetterHelp: Online therapy and counseling. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/betterhelp-ep439-sa NetSuite: Business management software. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/netsuite-ep439-sa Shopify: Sell stuff online. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/shopify-ep439-sa ExpressVPN: Fast & secure VPN. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/expressvpn-ep439-sa
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  421. Here are the timestamps. Please check out our sponsors to support this podcast. 0:00 - Introduction & sponsor mentions: - Grammarly: https://grammarly.com/lex to get 20% off premium - Athletic Greens: https://athleticgreens.com/lex and use code LEX to get 1 month of fish oil - Cash App: https://cash.app/ and use code LexPodcast to get $10 2:18 - Music and life 3:11 - [1] Dwros Gewrgiadis - An imoun plousios - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7akZoEQv6jI 4:25 - [2] Grigoris Bithikotsis - Ftoxologia - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TyGR24O0KQ8 6:14 - [3] Sto perigiali to kryfo - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B-GBPx_GXQw 7:41 - [4] Michael Jackson - Man in the Mirror - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zqe5NP86OCc 12:47 - [5] George Michael - Careless Whisper - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=izGwDsrQ1eQ 13:32 - [6] Gainsbourg with Isabelle Adjani - Pull Marine - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o7MwHGHWgLk 13:58 - [7] Georges Moustaki - Le meteque - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MV8fGf-N06A 16:00 - [8] Jacques Brel - Ne me quitte pas - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q_bq5mStroM 17:00 - [9] Sting - Englishman In New York - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d27gTrPPAyk 18:17 - [10] Sting - Fragile - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lB6a-iD6ZOY 20:36 - [11] Pink Floyd - The Wall (When the Tigers Broke Free) - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E_5DRKZI1Ow 24:30 - [12] Pink Floyd - The Wall (One Of My Turns) - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BOay-7aqLks 25:46 - [13] Sting - Russians - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wHylQRVN2Qs 28:41 - [14] Joni Mitchell - Both sides now - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aCnf46boC3I 30:52 - [15] Leonard Cohen - I'm Your Man - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yOnXe8ttmjY 33:43 - [16] Alison Krauss & Union Station - The Lucky One - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jcRZ_J_VgNc 41:51 - The number 42 47:52 - The question about the meaning of life 50:32 - Are humans unique in the universe? 56:16 - Human civilization 1:08:22 - Mars 1:10:15 - Human mind and the abstraction layers of reality 1:21:08 - Neural networks and intelligence 1:28:25 - Ideas as organisms 1:37:49 - Language 1:49:04 - Legacy 2:03:55 - Poems
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  441. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep447-sa See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 0:59 - Code editor basics 3:09 - GitHub Copilot 10:27 - Cursor 16:54 - Cursor Tab 23:08 - Code diff 31:20 - ML details 36:54 - GPT vs Claude 43:28 - Prompt engineering 50:54 - AI agents 1:04:51 - Running code in background 1:09:31 - Debugging 1:14:58 - Dangerous code 1:26:09 - Branching file systems 1:29:20 - Scaling challenges 1:43:32 - Context 1:48:39 - OpenAI o1 2:00:01 - Synthetic data 2:03:48 - RLHF vs RLAIF 2:05:34 - Fields Medal for AI 2:08:17 - Scaling laws 2:17:06 - The future of programming Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/cursor-team-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Cursor Website: https://cursor.com Cursor on X: https://x.com/cursor_ai Anysphere Website: https://anysphere.inc/ Aman's X: https://x.com/amanrsanger Aman's Website: https://amansanger.com/ Arvid's X: https://x.com/ArVID220u Arvid's Website: https://arvid.xyz/ Michael's Website: https://mntruell.com/ Michael's LinkedIn: https://bit.ly/3zIDkPN Sualeh's X: https://x.com/sualehasif996 Sualeh's Website: https://sualehasif.me/ SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Encord: AI tooling for annotation & data management. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/encord-ep447-sa MasterClass: Online classes from world-class experts. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/masterclass-ep447-sa Shopify: Sell stuff online. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/shopify-ep447-sa NetSuite: Business management software. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/netsuite-ep447-sa AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/ag1-ep447-sa
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  470. Here are the timestamps. Please check out our sponsors to support this podcast. 0:00 - Introduction & sponsor mentions: - Gala Games: https://gala.games/lex - Athletic Greens: https://athleticgreens.com/lex and use code LEX to get 1 month of fish oil - Four Sigmatic: https://foursigmatic.com/lex and use code LexPod to get up to 60% off - Fundrise: https://fundrise.com/lex 3:04 - Cooking is an art and a service 4:43 - Food is health 6:45 - Anticipation makes food taste better 8:36 - Lex on breaking the 72 hour fast 12:47 - Falling in love with cooking 14:28 - Alienation during the diet 17:09 - Cooking advice for minimalists 23:14 - Complexity of coconut oil 26:35 - Anya's favorite meal 33:18 - Sources of heat 35:46 - Why do people freak out about barbecue 38:58 - Does the origin of the meat itself make a difference? 41:06 - What is regenerative farming? 45:16 - AI will be a better farmer than humans 49:18 - Carbon negative farming is possible right now 51:05 - Certified Humane 54:34 - Evolutionary diet of animals 57:17 - Neuralink can help us understand animals 1:01:13 - All grass-fed meat made the same? 1:05:58 - Health benefits of grass-fed beef 1:10:30 - What does it take to be a woman CEO of a meat company? 1:17:58 - Making cheese for Italian mafia 1:21:56 - How to judge a good meal? 1:23:58 - The best meal in the world 1:31:49 - Anya played oboe in the Sicily municipal band 1:33:23 - Hunting has inspired regenerative farming 1:38:07 - Meaning of life 1:39:27 - Advice for young people: grow through discomfort
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  477. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep457-sa See below for timestamps, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. 0:00 - Introduction 0:48 - Milton Friedman 15:41 - The Great Depression 29:58 - Schools of economic thought 41:05 - Keynesian economics 48:53 - Laissez-faire 56:43 - Friedrich Hayek 1:02:01 - Money and monetarism 1:16:46 - Stagflation 1:21:39 - Moral case for capitalism 1:25:35 - Freedom 1:30:34 - Ethics of competition 1:34:20 - Win-win solutions 1:36:09 - Corruption 1:38:33 - Government intervention 1:44:53 - Conservatism 1:51:16 - Donald Trump 1:53:52 - Inflation 1:58:21 - DOGE 2:03:40 - Javier Milei 2:08:46 - Richard Nixon 2:16:00 - Ronald Reagan 2:19:07 - Cryptocurrency 2:34:23 - Ayn Rand 2:42:01 - The Fountainhead 2:53:41 - Sex and power dynamics 3:09:47 - Evolution of ideas in history 3:17:15 - Postmodernism 3:28:16 - Advice to students 3:36:32 - Lex reflects on Volodymyr Zelenskyy interview CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Jennifer's X: https://x.com/profburns Jennifer's Website: https://www.jenniferburns.org Jennifer's Books: Milton Friedman biography: https://amzn.to/4hfy1HO Ayn Rand biography: https://amzn.to/4afr3A0 SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Brain.fm: Music for focus. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/brainfm-ep457-sa GitHub: Developer platform and AI code editor. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/github-ep457-sa LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/lmnt-ep457-sa Shopify: Sell stuff online. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/shopify-ep457-sa AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks. Go to https://lexfridman.com/s/ag1-ep457-sa
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  565. Here are the timestamps. Please check out our sponsors to support this podcast. 0:00 - Introduction & sponsor mentions: - Onnit: https://lexfridman.com/onnit to get up to 10% off - The Information: https://theinformation.com/lex to get 75% off first month - Grammarly: https://grammarly.com/lex to get 20% off premium - Athletic Greens: https://athleticgreens.com/lex and use code LEX to get 1 month of fish oil 2:27 - Self-supervised learning 11:02 - Self-supervised learning is the dark matter of intelligence 14:54 - Categorization 23:28 - Is computer vision still really hard? 27:12 - Understanding Language 36:51 - Harder to solve: vision or language 43:36 - Contrastive learning & energy-based models 47:37 - Data augmentation 51:57 - Fixed audio spike by lowering sound with pen tool 1:00:10 - Real data vs. augmented data 1:03:54 - Non-contrastive learning energy based self supervised learning methods 1:07:32 - Unsupervised learning (SwAV) 1:10:14 - Self-supervised Pretraining (SEER) 1:15:21 - Self-supervised learning (SSL) architectures 1:21:21 - VISSL pytorch-based SSL library 1:24:15 - Multi-modal 1:31:43 - Active learning 1:37:22 - Autonomous driving 1:48:49 - Limits of deep learning 1:52:57 - Difference between learning and reasoning 1:58:03 - Building super-human AI 2:05:51 - Most beautiful idea in self-supervised learning 2:09:40 - Simulation for training AI 2:13:04 - Video games replacing reality 2:14:18 - How to write a good research paper 2:18:45 - Best programming language for beginners 2:19:39 - PyTorch vs TensorFlow 2:23:03 - Advice for getting into machine learning 2:25:09 - Advice for young people 2:27:35 - Meaning of life
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  740. Full episode with Sean Carroll (Nov 2019): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iNqqOLscOBY Please subscribe to new clips channel (Lex Clips): https://www.youtube.com/lexclips Once it reaches 20,000 subscribers, I'll start posting the clips there instead. (more links below) For now, new full episodes are released once or twice a week and a few new clips or a new non-podcast video is released on all other days. Podcast full episodes playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4 Podcasts clips playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOeciFP3CBCIEElOJeitOr41 Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/ai Podcast on Apple Podcasts (iTunes): https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Podcast on Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 Podcast RSS: https://lexfridman.com/category/ai/feed/ Note: I select clips with insights from these much longer conversation with the hope of helping make these ideas more accessible and discoverable. Ultimately, this podcast is a small side hobby for me with the goal of sharing and discussing ideas. I did a poll and 92% of people either liked or loved the posting of daily clips, 2% were indifferent, and 6% hated it, some suggesting that I post them on a separate YouTube channel. I hear the 6% and partially agree, so am torn about the whole thing. I tried creating a separate clips channel but the YouTube algorithm makes it very difficult for that channel to grow. So for a little while, I'll keep posting clips on this channel. I ask for your patience and to see these clips as supporting the dissemination of knowledge contained in nuanced discussion. If you enjoy it, consider subscribing, sharing, and commenting. Sean Carroll is a theoretical physicist at Caltech and Santa Fe Institute specializing in quantum mechanics, arrow of time, cosmology, and gravitation. He is the author of several popular books and is a host of a great podcast called Mindscape. Subscribe to this YouTube channel or connect on: - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman
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