Youtube comments of Bill Elkins (@billelkins994).

  1. 1911: Aaah! Germans! M1 Carbine: Aaah. Germans.
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  2. Today he finds out who Jack Benny was.
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  3. "So long, and thanks for all the fish!"
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  4. Americans use the metric system for calling in airstrikes, laying artillary and 9mm handguns. We also like .22, .223, .32, .357, .38, .40, .45 and .50. Also when it is 0 degrees it is really cold and when it is 100 degrees it is really hot without being fatal.
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  5. German Engineer: "How about providing 4WD like the 1988 Jeep Cherokee's Full-Time 4WD?"
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  6. With 240 you can take someone with you.
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  7. I remember my parents driving to Tybee so we could watch the Navy hunt for the bomb. It is still out there somewhere.
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  8. US military uses metric because all other countries in NATO can only divide by 10.
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  9. Don't you mean "heart attack?"
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  10. When you consider that Alessandro Volta, Georg Ohm and André-Marie Ampère were all various types of European you would think Europe would have made better choices. Europeans say "230 volts uses less copper." Yes it does, but it also uses less tungsten for the exact same reason. The resulting flimsy filaments in 240v lamps last half as long as 120 volt lamps. 12 volt lamps often outlast the automobile they are installed in. Nothing flimsy about a 12 volt filament. Europeans have to have a switch on their outlets. Okay, it is mostly the UK and their ilk. Having to break a 240 volt circuit can be exciting. Having a switch to break the circuit helps. The Schuko plug solves the problem by having the break occur in a hole in the wall. 120v works pretty well. Those Japanese people get by on 100v service. Amazing! At least they did not have to buy as many incandescent lamps as the 120v people.
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  11. In urban areas customers will be close enough together to share a transformer and will likely receive two phases of a three phase distribution and have 120/208 service. As customer density decreases sharing of transformers will decrease. Last I checked I think I share a transformer with four other customers. We live hundreds of feet apart. If you live hundreds of yards apart you probably have your own transformer. Foot is equal to the metric foot defined in ISO 2848 Yard is equal to near'bout a metre but not quite.,
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  12.  @3vimages471  I agree. A slightly different vacuum tube rule. In airborne equipment never change a tube unless it totally failed. The tube on the aircraft has demonstrated the ability to be turned on, off, withstand vibration and rough landings. The brand new fresh out of the box tube may check better but not survive the first flight. The first time I heard "infant mortality" applied to anything other than infants.
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  13. Keep the Senate!
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  14. Circuit breakers and fuses were never intended to protect people. Their sole job is to protect downstream circuitry. Protecting people is a very recent concept.
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  15.  @timderks5960  Actually circuit breakers and fuses are not very good at preventing fires. Most electrically started fires are the result of poor connections that overheat without over current. I suspect that is why the arc fault detection devices now exist. A good thing to do is feel the wall at each electical outlet, whether in use or not, looking for warnth. If you find heat you have a problem.
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  16. Actually 110 volts was chosen because it worked with Edison's 100v light bulbs. Back in the late eighteen hundreds lighting was about the only reason to have electricity.
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  17. You do not pay for electricity. You pay for power.
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  18. The selection of 30 frames per second in NTSC had nothing to do with being better than film. It was chosen to match the power line frequency. Highly regulated power supplies existed in 1950 but they cost too much to put in a consumer TV set. Hum bars could not be totally eliminated so at 30 frames they would at least stay still. Had 24 frames been attempted every TV sold would have a 6 HZ flicker in the picture. Vacuum tubes had their downside, except for being the only electronics available. NTSC was not badly engineered and was at the time the best TV system available. The Brits who actually started broadcast TV in 1939 called their 405 line system high definition as opposed to the mechanical system that they broadcast part time. I'm an old broadcast engineer.
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  19. Hi. Neutral is the name given to a point in a circuit. Typically it is grounded but maybe not. It is the point in the circuit that you reference for voltage measurements. The common lead of a meter will be placed on neutral and other points in the circuit measured relative to neutral. If a very simple circuit is built consisting of a 120v incandescent lamp and we name one of the wire attached to the lamp neutral and the other wire hot. We then attach a 120v battery to the lamp with the positive terminal on the hot wire and negative to neutral. Measuring the hot wire we would say that the lamp is running on +120v. If we turn the battery over and connect the minus terminal to the hot wire and the positive terminal to neutral. Our measurement would then say the lamp is running on -120v. In both of the previous measurement the common lead of the meter will be placed on the neutral because that what we intended when we named it neutral. If we devise a way to turn the battery over 120 times a second we will have invented 120vac @ 60 Hz. but the names of the circuit do not change. We still place the common lead of the meter on the neutral point. We will have to switch to an AC meter.
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  20.  @tedlahm5740  ALL transformers have output lines that are 180 degrees out of phase. It is what transformers do. When one output is going positive the other line is going negative. The US takes advantage of this by putting a center-tap on the secondary and naming it neutral.
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  21. Depends on its temperature.
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  22. What is the Kennedy connection?
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  23.  @bibluteque  He wasn't President in 1960.
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  24.  @dr.brigh0275  .357 inch. (Approx) Put extra powder behind it and call it three fifty-seven magnum.
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  25.  @theabstract100  Sorry but during WW2 the US rifles were a 30 caliber M1 Garand and a 30 caliber US Carbine. This means the bullets are .3 inches in diameter. When you convert .3 inch to metric you get 7.62mm. It is called 7.62 so that countries encumbered by the metric system have a clue. It's really 30 caliber.
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  26.  @theabstract100  I'm ignorant? You are the one who thought someone sat down and designed a weapon with a bore 7.61 mm diameter. No! No! Wait! 7.62mm. That .01mm will make all the difference.
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  27.  @theabstract100  I did not come up with the diameter of rifles, you did. 7.62 mm is the diameter of a rifle bore. I pointed out was 7.62mm is the same as 30 caliber. The US military refers to it as 7.62mm because that is the NATO designation. Of the 15 member nations of NATO 14 of them seem totally incapable using anything but metric. Interesting thing about metric numbers is that if there are three significant digits it probably refers to an Imperial measurement. In the UK you can buy a 915mm door. What you take home is a three foot door.
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  28. I suspect that your fryer has 3 heating elements. One for each phase.
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  29. Somehow a country with something called a Sunbelt (similar latitude to Northern Sahara. Tripoli is more Arctic than my home.) manages to stay cool completely without residential 400V three phase electricity. Must be magic.
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  30. V e r m o n t M a i d for the win.
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  31. Volta begins with a V. U are wrong.
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  32. @Gunther H.G. Geick Yes it is rather amusing. American President John Kennedy said "We choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard, because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills, because that challenge is one that we are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone, and one which we intend to win." That being said I suspect there may have been a few metric calculations used in getting there. Two men who changed the world in their own lifetime are Englishman John Harrison and American Ottmar Mergenthaler. Neither used the metric system. Admittedly Ottmar might have wanted to use metric but he had moved to the land of opportunity. I am going to my kitchen to brew 3/4 of a gallon of tea, better known as 3 quarts. If it turns out to be 3 liters of tea I'll not be too upset.
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  33. https://tweetsie.com
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  34. Sir Tommy Flowers
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  35.  @3vimages471  Until he built Colossus. Kept secret until 1970.
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  36.  @3vimages471  I had to go back and read the original post. I see your point. A room named after Mr. Flowers should be "The Tommy Flowers Brute Force Colosseum"
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  37. You do not need the neutral wire. You should have a safety ground but that takes no part in the power circuit. DO NOT USE THIS INFO TO ATTACH NON-NORTH AMERICAN EQUIPMENT TO NA POWER. The rest of the world is too hung up on neutrals.
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  38. True, you don't have to walk as far.
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  39. And if connected to a perfect transmission line 776 miles 704 feet long shorted at the far end, the breaker will not be tripped.
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  40. I read a comment online from a lady in India. She wanted a Kitchen Aid mixer. Her solution was to buy a 120v mixer in the US and then buy a step down transformer in India. Kitchen Aid does sell 240v mixers in India. Some how the 120v mixer and transformer was cheaper.
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  41. That is an entirely different type of service than the two phases described in this video. It is a very old service with the two phases 90 degrees out of phase. Oddly there is a transformer configuration that will convert standard 120 degree three phase to two phase 90 degree system and back. It is called a Scott connection.
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  42. Actually the archaic 2 phase motors used a 90 degree phase shift. Tesla's idea. Rumor is Philadelphia still has a 2 phase 90 degree service. I suspect they provide it with a Scott-T transformer set that converts 3 phase to 2 phase at 90.
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  43. Actually Thomas Edison selected 110v to power his 100v Edison bulbs for his DC system. In New York City the Edison DC system ran for 125 years. It ceased to exist in November of 2007. The company that finally suspended the service is named Consolidated Edison. When AC became available everybody owned or had access to 100v Edison light bulbs. So AC became 110v. The split-phase system is known as the Edison Circuit and it works DC or AC. 240v saves on copper and it also saves on tungsten. This means the filament in a 240v light bulb is thinner than the filament in an equivalent 120v bulb. Bulb life depends on how long it takes to evaporate the filament. For over one hundred years 240 volters had to buy replacement bulbs twice as often as 120 volters.
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  44.  @bradowen8862  When a point in a circuit is called neutral it is being identified as the point from which all voltage measurements are made. Therefore when you measure the neutral voltage versus the neutral voltage the answer is always zero.
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  45. Archaic devices from a time when fuses were modern tech.
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  46. Unless you have multi-kilovolt receptacles there is a transformer between your house and the distribution circuit. Granted it may be bigger and at a greater distance due to the 230 volt service. The overall weight of transformers used would be equivalent except for one thing. 50Hz transformers weight more than the equivalent 60Hz transformers. AC on an aircraft runs at 400Hz so that the transformers are cheaper to fly through the air.
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  47. In terms of cattle: Hot wire is the bull. Mean, angry and dangerous. It has voltage and current. Neutral is the cow. Doesn't want to kill you on sight. Has current but no voltage. No voltage because it is connected to ground. Ground is the fence between you and the herd. No voltage and no current. If current shows up on the ground something on the circuit is defective. Don't mention electric fences.
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  48. In the North America the plus and minus are used as phase indicators. Think of it as when this point is positive the other point is negative.
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  49.  @samiraperi467  I doubt your stoves run on three phase. I suspect that the three phase feed is treated as three single line feeds internally to the appliance. As for saunas, I don't know. If I want to sweat, I walk outside. Almost died once. I hate outside.
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  50. Credit goes to whoever is actually raising the kid.
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  51. A voltmeter is a high resistance device. Compared to a 100w light bulb it would take millions of a modern day voltmeters to draw the same current.
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  52. Provided that a fault does not occur. If it does there will be no obvious sign of a problem. That is until the fire starts. Ring circuits were supposed to save copper. In other words they were a cheap ass way to install electricity. They still are. Unfortunately they have another side effect. The ability to deliver your 12 amp safety margin is the reason every UK plug has to have a fuse. No one else has to do that because no one else uses ring circuits.
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  53. Voltage is easy. Amps is where it's at!
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  54.  @Debraj1978  No offense taken or intended. We are not prisoners of the imperial system. We use the US Customary Units. Now the failure of the base 10 system to display 16 ⅔ milliseconds is easily solved. Just move everyone to the dozenal system. There 16 ⅔ base 10 will display as 14;8 base 12. You are hereby invited to go to dozenal.org and join The Dozenal Society of America. Be the future!
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  55. I think used electricity was an unfortunate choice of words. You use power not electricity. Used power leaves the system as heat. Electricity is like a bicycle chain. It transmits power but is basically the same links going round and round. You bought your electricity when you paid for your wire.
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  56. Ring circuits are not legal in the US or any other reasonably sane country. Ring circuits can fail in a mode that is both dangerous and not noticeable. Without ring circuits you use radial circuits. Generally it takes more radial circuits to cover the same area.
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  57.  @Jehty_  I'm not overly scared my most likely attacker is known as a water mocassin. Not exactly a city dweller. Do I wear a helmet? No. I have worn helmets due to OSHA. Not as reptilian as the water mocassin. Would I say that I would never wear a helmet. No. You overvalue thieves.
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  58.  @Jehty_  He made the choice.
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  59. As many have already said the symmetrical, square knot, is the preferred knot. In the real world it is not a knot unless you can untie it as easily as you tie it. The square knot turns into two half-hitches when you straighten one side.
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  60. To say Hillary has won the popular vote she would have to have over 50% of the popular vote. Does she?
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  61. Not if you count all of the candidates. Currently she is at 48%.
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  62. Yes, the majority of voters voted against everyone of the candidates.
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  63. Pa2flyboy 0 degrees F is the temp of a brine made from equal amounts of ice and salt. It is a lab repeatable measurement. Perhaps I should have said "But we also like .22...." Those are actually "imperial" calibers. MGRS is used by NATO. The reason it is based on a square meter is that most NATO members are of the metric persuasion. MGRS may not be used much outside the military but it is metric.
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  64. Hillary has not won the popular vote. 48% doesn't hack it. Most of the voters voted against her. The same is true of every other candidate. If the popular vote counted we would be in a run off election now.
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  65. No one got over 50% of the popular vote. Every candidate had the majority of voters voting against them.
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  66. Ed, apparently we are in the minority.
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  67. Alvin York didn't need no shotgun.
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  68. With two satellites you know 5 things. Time signal transmitted from sat a, where sat a is located, time signal is transmitted from sat b, where sat b is located and how far sat a is from sat b. This should let you construct a triangle with an apex at the earths surface at two possible locations. A seven dollar windup watch set to your local time will PROBABLY let you choose which time zone you are in. Three satellites and you can throw the watch away.
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  69. Actually you probably can construct an infinite number of triangles with that info. It would limit possible locations to those that are along a curved line between the satellites. Say you measured a received time indicating you were closer to sat a by 500 miles any point on earth 500 miles closer to sat a than sat b. The watch would eliminate most of them but not all.
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  70. 040 100
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  71. Obama is left-handed.
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  72. You can't disconnect other worldly circuit breakers?
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  73.  @sillysad3198  If it makes you feel any better each breaker fits into an opening in the steel panel that was removed. When that panel is in place there is no way to remove the breaker.
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  74.  @sillysad3198  That is also the case with every switch, plug, socket, fuse and the contacts in the breaker itself. What is one more?
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  75. Radials. They do not use wire that cannot handle the breaker amp rating.
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  76.  @LondonSteveLee  That leaves difficulty in testing as the only advantage? Shorting out the ring often appeared in old English mysteries. Allowed the perp to commit murder under the cover of darkness. I suspect law enforcement demanded that UK plugs be fused to cut down on crime.
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  77. My US kettle has a ground on it. You purchased the wrong one. There are standards for things that don't have a ground connection. They have to be double-insulated requiring two failures to be dangerous. They must be able to withstand several thousand volts between the user and the electrical circuits. Containing water is not a problem. Being able to have an electrical device in one hand and a grounded water source in the other is the potential problem. Do what electrical workers have done for generations. Place one hand in your waistband behind your back. Use other hand to turn on water. Pick up kettle and hold under running water. Put kettle down. Turn off water. That is how you spot an old electrician.
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  78. It means the vast majority of households don't get three phase. The ones that want three phase will provide it themselves most of the time. I live in a rural area. My air conditioning and well pump get by just fine on 240v single phase. I could have three phase as it passes next to my property. There is a side road with 5 houses on it. To feed those five houses the power company ran a single phase along the road for 700 meters. To do the same a three phase provider would have to use an additional 1.4 kilometers of cable. What have you plugged into your three phase socket?
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  79. At least it wasn't ring current.
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  80. Neutral is the name of the point from which measurements are made. So neutral is just a name. The really important thing is you can not have more than one neutral per circuit.
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  81. Sounds like you have discovered a plot to move Norway to North America. Exposing that plot may affect your health. Be careful.
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  82. That is why Obama outlawed Oldsmobiles. That and the fact that they were all fully automatic.
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  83.  @OriginalBongoliath  You're right. I had lumped Oldsmobile in with Pontiac, Saturn and Hummer in 2009. https://www.cnbc.com/id/29956752/
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  84. That particular panel panel is manufactured by Schneider Electric a European company. So it is your fault.
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  85. The Edison DC distribution system ran in New York city for 125 years. He didn't "lose" until November 2007. https://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2007/11/14/off-goes-the-power-current-started-by-thomas-edison/
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  86. Are the three breakers for the stove ganged together so that if one is off the other two have to be off?
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  87. The panel is manufactured by a French company.
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  88. A 5x5 array of 60w incandescent bulbs attached to the ceiling of a room is the probably the best room heater. A ceiling fan would also be helpful. If you prefer not having 1500 watts of incandescent light use 60w reptile heaters available on Amazon.
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  89. Aggressive? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=snukwrLhu8Y
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  90.  @theabstract100  If you can buy it new in the box it is not obsolete. If you need some 30 carbine you might have to get it from the Russians. American ammo supplies are kind of slim right now. Russians like 30 caliber. They even have the decency to keep that metric crap off of the box. Well at least the front of the box. http://www.tulammo.ru/en/production/vintovochnye-patrony/patron-7-62kh33/
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  91.  @jacobthatcher385  Just because you have 3 phase doesn't mean you have to use it.
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  92.  @ninjapancakes9435  Wiring ground to neutral inside the home is allowed only at one point, the main panel. That one point is to make neutral have some reference to the world we live in. If the neutral is not grounded the circuit could appear to be working normally but be floating 500 volts above ground due to a defect in insulation between primary and secondary in the transformer or a dead snake that shorted the primary and secondary. The world is not perfect it is really good to know your neutral is at least in the vicinity of ground potential.
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  93. Only if both if the BOTH devices are total pieces of trash. Any device that reads continuity from the hot power input circuit to the output circuits is unsafe.
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  94. Sometimes you just want to turn things up to eleven.
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  95. I am so old my first car had after-market turn signals. Edit: You can still buy them on Amazon.
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  96. You are right if you are a city dweller who lives in an apartment complex. Out in the burbs and country you may not have three phase within miles of your house. Then you will have a transformer with a center tap and the resulting phases will be 180 degrees apart. As the non-city dweller's voltage is 32 volts higher than the urbanite's 208 voltage, home equipment is made to operate at 240 volts and limp along at 208 volts. Clothes dryers do not operate as well in the city as they do out on the farm.
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  97.  @dansihvonen8218  It is why you have 400v and not 460v.
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  98. OK I'll let you in on a secret. The 48KW is a build level. At 12 cents a KWH the monthly bill would be over $4,000. Not many people do that.
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  99.  @carlosromanikaoss3063  That is why the box scares a lot of Europeans. It is industrial gear. Maybe not quite the same gauge of steel but close.
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  100. It allows you to do calculations on a circuit as if the generator has stopped yet somehow the voltage is still there. It is sometimes easier to use your imagination rather than imaginary numbers. Only works in purely resistive circuits.
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  101. He could have cancelled the flight back.
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  102. In the Savannah, Georgia area is the Mighty Eight Air Force Museum. It as close to the airport it was formed as they could get. In between the airport and the museum is the North American headquarters of JCB. Some how they manage to produce equipment using a lot of 120vac.
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  103. Ala Stasi Ocasio-Cortez
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  104. No it isn't.
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  105.  @varpower  People who say that tend to have tiny little metric minds.
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  106. Because it is a neutral just like any other neutral in any electrical system anywhere in the world.
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  107. American dryers are 6 kw devices.
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  108. The horsepower of the motor is the same in both modes. The wire from the breaker box probably runs cooler.
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  109. 48kw. You can look at it as two 120v 200A feeds or one 240v 200A feed.
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  110. Don't store them near your bucket of positrons.
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  111. Three phase is used but not for residential service. Running a single phase two or three miles is cheaper than running three phases. USA is not as densely populated as Europe.
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  112. The Edison Circuit is the oldest name. Worked with DC as well.
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  113. Only 18.5kw less than the panel in the video.
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  114. Hour divided by 60 equals a minute. Minute divided by 60 equals a second. Second divided by 60 equals a tick. 60Hz seems to be a logical extension of an existing practice. 50Hz? People have five fingers on one hand and ten fingers on two hands so 5 times 10 equal 50. Some say 50Hz is due to the metric system where 10Hz is too low and 100Hz is too high. At least you can say there are 100 alternations per second. Base ten doesn't do rotation really well.
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  115. I suspect that there is not too much air conditioning in a place named Iceland.
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  116.  @mernok2001  Did you know that the life expectancy of incandescent bulbs is inversely proportional to the operating voltage? This means that 240 volters had to replace bulbs twice as often than stupid 120 volters. Went on for over 100 years.
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  117.  @mernok2001  “Did you know that fluorescent tube,compact fluorescent lamps,mercury vapor lamps,low and high pressure sodium lamps and mercury vapor lamps exist?” Ah yes! The ARC lights, source of radio frequency interference and wacky color spectrums. I am not stuck on incandescent bulbs. I use LEDs in the house. I have purchased a few incandescents for vehicles recently because the LED version was so expensive. A 12v bulb has a very long life due the massive filament. LEDs probably not worth the price. There is at least one incandescent bulb in the US with a fan club. https://www.centennialbulb.org As to voltage why does your country use a measly 230/400 when you could use 460/800?
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  118.  @mernok2001  You could do what a lot of countries do when they discover they have selected a too high voltage. Put a switch on the outlets. 460/800 would be fine then.
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  119. The electrons do not go anywhere! That is like asking where the links on your bicycle chain go. "Used" was not good choice of words. If you are only customer on a transformer you bought your electrons when you wired your house. You still have the same electrons now. If you share a transformer your electrons may visit your neighbors but some of theirs will visit you. Admittedly some electrons may have wandered off but most of them have been around the house for years.
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  120. Don't do that! But if you are bound and determined to check for liveness use the back side of your hand. That way the resulting muscle contraction will disconnect you. I was taught that years ago. Was never stupid enough to do it, intentionally.
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  121. You should apologize to AOC more often.
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  122. How about Ceylon? Sri Lanka actually. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mjvuq975gwM Very good crew by the way.
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  123. Our favorite coin is the quarter also known as two-bits.
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  124. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bq7DGvfnr3U
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  125. A ring circuit can fail and continue to work. That is not a good thing.
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  126.  @n_kliesow  I did not mean the unit either. I prefer V because of Alessandro Volta. If you want to use U I think it would be good for Uelocity. The discoverer of Uelocity was probably some prehistoric caveman named Urk. Urk managed use uelocity to evade a Smilodon. In his honor the unit of Uelocity was made U. This would have been a point of pride had not all prehistoric cavemen been named Urk.
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  127. The square root of three is 1.73. 120v * 1.73 =208v and 230 * 1.73 = 400v. 120/208 equals 230/400. When customer density drops to a certain level, North America starts providing 120/240 which has nothing to do with the square root of three.
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  128. Thomas Edison's DC service ran for 125 years in New York. Not exactly a financial failure.
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  129.  @ralphwortley1206  The company that stopped the DC service is named Consolidated Edison. ConEd still provides 30 billion pounds of steam to customers in NYC. They started selling steam 141 years ago. Energy is energy. Doesn't matter too much how it is delivered.
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  130. Well you don't have to use it all. My highest month in the last year was 1,800kwh out of a possible 34,560kwh.
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  131. The neutral provides a return path to the power source. The ground wire is to attach to you. When using an old school metal cased drill the ground lead would be connected to the case and you when you picked it up. No matter what disaster happens to the circuitry inside of the metal case it and you are safely at ground potential. If the neutral were attached to the case and the power cord neutral opened you would be the return path to the power source. Both neutral and ground may attach to the same place, but they do so for different reasons and must remain separate.
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  132. In North America the voltage on the wire called neutral is zero volts. This is made so by grounding the neutral at one point, and only one point. This is done in the main panel. It isn't done in sub-panels. If the neutral is not grounded it can have any amount of AC or DC voltage on it. While a meter will read 120v across the circuit the entire circuit could be floating a thousand volts above ground due to a nearby lighting strike last week. Grounding the neutral is good as long as you do it in only one place.
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  133.  @TippyPuddles  Hi Ann. If a circuit is not attached to ground there is no way to say what its voltage is. In the winter time when humidity can be low the carpet you walk across may cause you and a doorknob to be a different voltage by thousands of volts. In a supermarket the shopping cart you push around may be dragging a small chain on the floor. Electricity is everywhere and it is out to get you. The lightning strike affectting circuits for a period of time doesn't happen because the circuit is grounded somewhere. Lightning strikes generate very high currents and can damage wire in a home. Are your homes flickering together? If so it is probably the power company. Regardless it does need to be looked at by someone. Flickering and dim lights means heat is happening somewhere it should not be.
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  134. In the EU you can get 400v across neighbored plugs. No difference.
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  135.  @halko4701  You've lost me. All I am saying is there is no difference between the systems. North American is a neutral and two hots and EU is neutral and three hots. Any problem you can have with the NA system you can have with the EU system. Just at a higher voltage.
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  136. That is true. It is a lot like having the neutral damaged in a three phase system except as Europeans tell us it then starts to act like 400v.
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  137. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hZN6hiGLtrE A British Expert.
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  138. The problem is that if a ring circuit has a bad connection occur there is no obvious effect seen. A ring circuit with a bad connection in effect becomes two radial circuits. these radial circuits now have wire too small to handle the current that the breaker can provide. Ring circuits have to be perfect. A radial circuit with the same type bad connection will be noticed because something will fail to work.
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  139.  @paulmackilligin1754  I picked up all my ring circuit information from "Mr. Excitement" also known as John Ward. Here is his video on ring circuits: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hZN6hiGLtrE&t=327s
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  140. Well the AR-15 is a 22-ish caliber rifle. Makes the typical 45 look tame.
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  141. Welding is a low voltage operation. Lots of amps though.
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  142. It is bigger but more.
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  143. Hot line is the line that can kill. Neutral will not kill you. Doesn't matter AC or DC.
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  144. 11kw? The panel in the video is a 48kw service.
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  145. Depends on how far you have to go. Two conductors is less than 3 or four conductors.
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  146. Do you have three phase outlets in every room?
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  147. I wonder why he had to go to Harrison Arkansas to find a meter length slide rule?
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  148. No, it is not the panel that generates the 120v. It is the transformer on the pole.
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  149. When Mr. Celsius set up his temperature scale he made water boil a 0 degrees and freeze at 100 degrees. He would be appalled by this "water freezes at 0" thing.
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  150.  @Rob_Dingemans  How many 3 phase devices do you own?
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  151. The first heat pump in my childhood home was a Chrysler Airtemp brand. They went out of business in 1975. Of course the US is a larger country. Not all of us own snow shovels. Tripoli, Libya is more Arctic than where I live.
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  152. Actually we do live in a more southern reality than Europe. Heat pumps are used in large numbers and have been for years. A device that is over 200% efficient tends to be popular. The thing heat pumps also do is find an outside temperature at which they don't work very well. Recent improvements have let them move further north. When the temp is too low for the heat pump a backup heating element of 5 kw or 10 kw kicks in. That explains the 200A rating you have to design for peak requirements. You also ask how does an electricity provider limit the max amount of power a single house can pull at a time. If they are in the business of selling electric power why would they want to limit their customers. Until the smart grid comes along the limiting device is the fuse on the pole.
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  153. Belgium is the about the same size as the state of Maryland. Belgium's population density is 377 people per square kilometer. Maryland's population density is 244 people per square kilometer. United States population density is 36 people per square kilometer. We are playing a different ballgame. It is also why passenger trains are useless in most areas. For an extra treat look up Maryland's state flag.
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  154.  @JohnTrenbo  Sorry! I'm in the mood. I know that its the Power does the work, Yes! but with only 120V you need to double the Amps for the same Power. Yes! This means you need much thicker cables and produces more losses to heat, No! Because we have "much thicker" cables the heat loss will be the same. it also means you have a much higher fire hazard especially at terminal points. No! Because our "much thicker cable" comes with much thicker terminals. I use the 3 Phase service very often in my house, How wonderful! for example my welding machine or my concrete mixer Magical devices we have never heard of I'm sure. and also my oven and hob works with it. They may work with it but I doubt they require the three phase aspect. When i need full power for cooking it is around 10kW. OK. For the Future in Germany we want to heat our houses with heat pumps Every house I've lived in or owned since the 1960s has had a heat pump. Welcome to the future! and charge our cars. I'll stick with my pickup truck. For this we also need much Power. Yes! You will have to increase then 11kw service typical in Europe to something like the 48kw service shown in the video. Again welcome to the future. In Terms of Safety is 120V safer for Humans, Yes. but for this we have RCD's in the Installation. Since the late 1800s? I dont know how old this Installation is and how modern ones in America looks but this looks very terrible. It is a current 200 amp box. If you don't like the looks blame the French. It is one of their companies.
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  155.  @Daniel31415  It's kind of a good thing perfect transmission line is so expensive.
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  156. Three phase power goes by in front of my house. There is a side road also next to my property. On this side road are 5 houses. To feed these houses the power company fed a single phase down the road. This was a run of 700 METERS. Europe putting in the same 700 METER run would have to use an additional 1400 METERS of cable.
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  157. Tesla died poor and alone. Edison's last breath is in the Henry Ford Museum in Dearborn, Michigan. Edison's DC power system ran for 125 years. It was shut down in Nov 2007 by a company named Consolidated Edison. That company trades on the NYSE under the symbol ED. Its market capitalization is twenty-four billion dollars.
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  158.  @brianmanning34  Change the first line to Edison provided employment to "scientists" to make his inventions work. He even hired Tesla. Tesla quit over an argument about money. Tesla worked by himself and didn't need anyone. Sounds like a serial killer. Where was he during the Whitechapel murders?
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  159. @Technology Connections How did you simulate the old school video humbar floating up the screen in your breakerbox segments? Haven't seen anything like it since analog tv shut down. It is a good demo of the NTSC 59.97Hz vertical scan rate.
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  160. Wrong. Heating element in US dryer is about 6kw. Needs the higher voltage.
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  161. In the 220V cities, did you keep the center tapped secondary?
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  162. For the same reason it also means less tungsten in light bulbs. For that reason 240 volters had to replace lamps twice as often as 120 volters. That went on for over a hundred years.
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  163. Made by a French company.
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  164. You could name him after the Georgia state possum. Pogo Possum.
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  165. What do you use for heating?
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  166. Way back when electric public lighting was arc lighting 60hz did not flicker as much 60 cycle transformers are smaller than the equivalent 50 cycle transformer. That is why aircraft use 400 cycle AC. Transformers weigh less. 60Hz is so Babylonian.
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  167. Replace transformer with a stack of 2 batteries. Center tap the stack.
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  168.  @sillysad3198  The 90 degree thing was back in the late 19th century. Things tend to hang on when newer stuff comes along. Edisons DC service in New York City ran for 125 years shutting down in November 2007. Modern single phase induction motors have a staring circuit because otherwise they wouldn't know which direction to turn.
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  169. No one needs 400v in a residential environment. Europeans claim 400v for the heavy loads but generally fail to realize that they have less power service than the 48kw service shown in this video. It is available power that counts not voltage. Three phase might be nice but it takes twice as many conductors to deliver.
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  170. Has to do with customer density. If you have a group of fifty customers close together you drop a three phase transformer in the neighborhood and feed them from that. If for a mile stretch along a country road you get near a house you hang up a pole transformer. The US and Canada have a lot of space between people. The world is not just cities.
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  171. "One Million Years BC" was not the movie. I never saw this movie. The poster was impressive. No reason to even mention it. Except for the poster.
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  172.  @EngineeringMindset  The rest of the world bought twice as many incandescent light bulbs as we 120 volters.
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  173.  Yeah Yeah  Goodyear's market cap is less that $2.4 billion. They are not doing too well. Did not need this.
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  174.  @vegasjw  My 240v outlet measures 240v.
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  175. You've reminded me of the Miranda camera ads. Basically a naked brunette and a man with a camera.
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  176. 1. Those open electric copper cables feel extremely unsafe, The voltage on the "open" copper cables is zero volts. You can feel them with no problem. 2. Connecting the neutral (N) and protective earth (PE) at the same connector is quite dangerous and Neutral and "PE" are connected at only one place. The first disconnect. 3. This electric "box" can't have any RCD's because of reason 2 Don't know how RCDs work huh?
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  177.  @anno_nym  Ahhh! Now I understand. If something that has voltage on it can be seen or touched it will cause Europeans to "scream in their heads." They ignore the fact that the "open connections" are normally behind a grounded steel panel.
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  178.  @stevenbalekic5683  The magnetron was invented by the Brits. It was a Raytheon employee that wondered why his candy bars were melting when working around magnetrons. The simplest explanation of the magnetron was also by a Brit. "It is a whistle."
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  179. Doesn't the 23kw you mention fall short of the 48kw panel shown in the video?
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  180. Then you are unaware of the third harmonic problem with three phase.
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  181. Flag at 12:22 confused me. Wrong number of stars, wrong number of stripes. Forced me to do some research. Ohhhh! It's Baltimore.
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  182.  @bradowen8862  Why does it have to be more complicated?
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  183.  @bradowen8862  I see.
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  184. That is what transformers do. A three phase delta secondary has no neutral, but if you choose a center tap on one of secondary coils to be neutral the end result will be two 120v 180 degrees out of phase and a 208v phase at 90 degrees to the other two.
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  185. Actually it is 48kw. It is 240v times 200 amps. You can look at it as two 120v feeds at 200amps each but it still works out to 48kw. That is 34560kwh a month. In the last year my largest usage has been 1808kwh. It is good to know I could use 19 times as much power as I generally do.
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  186.  @johnburns4017  I don't want any fuse or circuit breaker in the plug. That is a British thing held over from the ill advised ring distribution system. In recent years the British standard for new ring installations requires a wire size equivalent to a radial run so the ring's big advantage of using smaller wire is no more. If plug falls out of a wall socket, that wall socket needs to be replaced. The ancient primitive dangerous ring circuit allowed Agatha Christie to write a book where a house is plunged into darkness by cutting a lamp cord with a knife. This was back when appliances were sold without plugs so you could match whatever horror your home wiring was. The 1942 design was an attempt to bring British wiring out of the dark ages.
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  187. Here is the way to do this experiment. If you must do this pointless dipole thing going in TWO directions. Get two thousand foot spools of 75 ohm co-axial cable, short one end of each spool connect the center conductors to the light and the grounds to switch and battery. You don't have to build wooden towers supporting copper water pipe. You don't need to even unroll the spools of cable. This 2000 ft version could be done on a kitchen table. One ampere is a coulomb of electrons flowing past a point in a conductor every second. If all energy travels in the fields, why do automotive jumper cables tend to be rather hefty?
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  188. You pay for power not current. The current in the neutral is the same as the links in the lower half of a bicycle chain.
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  189. The panel shown in this video is 120v*200*2=48kw.
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  190. I think the US would be a Humassister.
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  191. Hello Roland, Yes the US has a three phase system just like everybody else. The main difference is how the power is provided to customers. In Europe you get three phase. In the US you get two out of three phases in densely populated areas. And in suburban areas you get the output of a split-phase pole transformer. It is the transformer that provides the 180 degree phase shift. It is what transformers do. Other than the drop to the customer the grids are identical. Except for that whole 50/60 thing.
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  192. You have mis-calculated. It is actually 48KW. I suspect that you may have another source of energy coming into your home. Heating fuel would have to be included to make an accurate comparison. Tripoli, Libya is more artic than where I live so air conditioning is nice in the summer.
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  193.  @anderskarlsson9881  Apparently 11KW is not enough if you have to resort to "load balancing" to stay under 11KW. Fortunately neither of us use the peak KW rating of our services. That would cost me almost five thousand dollars a month at 14 cents per KWH.
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  194. Seven employees walk into your office and say they are going to another job, unless you can match the offer. Say yes we can for the following four employees and call out the names of the ones you prefer. Every one is happy. (Probably not.)
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  195. The 90s! Wow!
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  196. Power factor is a percentage 1=100%. 2=200%. If you can design a circuit with a power factor of 2, it would mean that for every watt you put in you get 2 watts of power. You could be a rich man.
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  197. When a single core transformer is used the center tapped secondary the outputs will be 180 degrees out of phase. It is what transformers do.
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  198.  @MrSummitville  In a three phase system one phase lags 120 degrees behind the zero phase. Another phase lags behind the zero phase by 240 degrees. Another 120 degrees brings you back to the zero phase. You claim that 180 degrees is not a phase even though it is between 120 and 240. Trust me it is two separate phases. If you treat them as anything else you invite hell, death and destruction.
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  199.  @MrSummitville  How many transformers would it take to change three phase power to two phase four wire 90 degree power? I know the answer. Do you? Both systems were in use for years. Three phase won because you did not need four wires.
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  200. Erik, there is a lot of air conditioning in the US. In the southeastern part of the US this is accomplished by heat pumps. In the winter the heat pump also heats the house. At lower outside temperatures heat pumps become less useful so an electric heating coil is turned on. This coil is 5 or 10kw. A ten kw coil would be more than a single phase service in the Netherlands. I suspect that you don't heat your homes with electricity as far north as you are.
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  201. Edison's DC service ran for 125 years. It did not cease operation until November 2007. The company that stopped the service is named Consolidated Edison. Trades on stock market as ED. DC is coming back as the best way to distribute high voltage across long distances.
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  202. No.
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  203. Describing the phase of a sine wave in complex numbers does require a positive and negative numbers. Phase zero consists of a positive real number and an imaginary number that is zero. 120 degrees requires a real number that is negative and an imaginary number that is negative. 240 degrees has a real that is negative and an imaginary that is positive. Both zero and 180 degrees have imaginary numbers of zero but the real number for zero degrees is positive and the real number for 180 degrees is negative. So plus and minus is appropriate.
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  204.  @AnbroBR  Transformers can do two things, impedance matching and phase inversion. Inverting the phase is no different generating two different phases 180 degrees apart with a winding in a generator. Granted the input to the transformer is single phase. The output of the pole transformer is two phase. To put it in compass terms you are saying that three phase is A=0 degrees, B=120 degrees and C=240 degrees. In other words A=north, B=Kinda south of east and C=kinda south of west. In the output of the pole transformer you get L1=0 degrees and L2=180 degrees, but north and south are the same direction. They are two directions, North is + and South is -.
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  205. Have you seen all equipment destined to the US? (Sorry, just adding to the snark.)
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  206. If you want 120 volters to change you will have to provide a reason. What does the average German electrical user have in his home that a 120 volter doesn't have? When incandescent lamps were the rage 230 volters had to replace lamps twice as often as 120 volters. 230 volt filaments are thinner than 120v filaments for the same wattage. Twelve volt incandescent lamps in an automobile often outlast the car.
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  207. A Celsius weather report https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vfx64SWMURk A Fahrenheit weather report https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2X9Zrr-qS_4&t=75s The reason the US has not changed is our government is not powerful enough to make 323 million people do something they don't want to do.
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  208. Robin Donald Hi! You find yourself unsettled by inanimate objects? As for "ready familiarity" it is a desirable quality. A hesitant unfamiliarity in handling firearms is truly unsettling. "Carried out in a scientific manner?" Seemed scientific as all get out to me. Comparatively cheap too. "Casually arranged loosely?" You could have added "in a devil may care manner" but that might have been too much.
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  209. The ones shown in this video are made by a European company. Don't blame us.
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  210. Anyone who believes that selection of a vice -presidential running mate is done live on air isn't qualified for the job. That would be "The Price is Right" territory.
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  211. No. During then reign of incandescent bulbs the 220 bulbs needed to be replaced twice as often as the equivalent 110 bulb. Over 100 years that is lot of money.
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  212. Yes! A ring main with an open conductor exhibits no obvious fault till the fire breaks out. An open neutral displays many interesting effects immediately. Including fires breaking out.
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  213.  @mathiasmunkulrich7370  Actually they are known as three fifty-sevens.
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  214. Never happen!
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  215. Don't hang around in places where that is a choice.
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  216. Floridians drag a smudge pot inside if it gets too cold.
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  217. Yes it does have cutting edge information on electricity.
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  218. Europeans in this comment section are always talking about having 400 volts to every home on the continent yet a 48,000 watt supply seems to worry some of them. For the Netherlands I suspect you may do significantly less air conditioning than the sunbelt of the US does. Also you would need to include any heating fuels to make a comparison. Many US homes are heated by electricity. I hear the Netherlands is moving in that direction by pushing heat pumps. You may have to bump up that 25 amp service just a bit.
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  219. Hello Art. I am glad you asked that question. A US kettle like I have is kind of limited to 1500 watts because 120v x 15 amps = 1800 watts. Knock 300 watts off for head room. In the UK, for example, the UKians have 230v x 13 amps which equals 2990 watts. UKians are so tea crazed they don't worry about overhead but use a fuse in the kettle's plug to get every last watt. Yes 2990 watts heats water faster than 1500 watts. UKians also have something called a ring circuit capable of dumping 30 plus amps into an appliance. This the sole reason UK plugs have fuses. Every device must be built to be safe if it is plugged into a ring circuit. Ring circuits probably aren't installed much any more. They will be around for a time somewhat shorter than forever. Light bulbs are bad news for 230+ volters. The brightness of a bulb is based on the wattage. All 60w bulbs are equal in brightness. In the US a 60w bulb draws 60/120 = .5 amps. In the 240 volt world a 60w bulb draws 60/240 = .25 amps. Now for the bad news. Just like 240 volt saves on copper it also saves on tungsten. The result is that filaments in a 240v bulb are thinner than the equivalent 120v bulb. Bulb life is basically how long it takes for the filament to evaporate. 240 volters have to buy bulbs at twice the rate of 120 volters. Too bad no one used 12v for lighting. Could have handed bulbs down for generations. Modern LED lighting solves this problem. But 240 volters have been buying twice as many bulbs for over a 100 years. Bill
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  220. Do not view clips from Canadian game show "Just Like Mom" with a handgun nearby. You will need a new monitor.
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  221. Powers the doorbell with 24v.
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  222. How are two phases more complicated than three phases?
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  223. How about "I wish everyone could be California Girls"
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  224. In Sweden your three phase 30 amp service provides about 21 kw. The panel in this video is 48 kw and the square root of three is just irrational.
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  225.  @Bizmyurt  OK I'm sorry! I made a lame joke but the square root of three is not a rational number. At least it is not imaginary. (Another lame joke.) 48KW is standard service to a house in North America. Fortunately no one ever uses 48KW or bankruptcy would soon follow. Three phase? Yes! I know couplings. You mean like : High leg four-wire delta High leg four wire open delta Grounded corner delta Zig-zag Y Scott-T
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  226. This side of the Atlantic 120*sqrt(3)=207.846 not 240. Either that or the sqrt(3)=2 on your side of the Atlantic. European houses are delivered all three phases you say. I ask why? What do Europeans have in their homes that justify the increased wiring complexity to reach that goal? Three phase electricity passes by in front of my house. There is a side road also next to my property. This road is 700 METERS long. On this road there are five houses. The power company ran a single phase down this road to feed these houses. Europe could do this same feed with an additional 1400 METERS of wire.
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  227. Remember 1968? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aUKzSsVmnpY
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  228. Probably not. Now if you move to the US where a kwh costs .12 Euro you may see a reduction. I doubt that it would be half.
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  229.  @RadiusNightly  If you live in Germany, Denmark, Belgium, Ireland or Spain and you do everything in your first comment plus move to North America you can cut your electricity cost in half.
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  230. Steel!
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  231.  @ChristiaanHofman  The company that runs this site hates me and took ten days to inform me of your response. Conductivity is a good thing. When you use metal as your containment vessel you ground the box and what happens inside the box does not affect the exterior of the box. The reverse is also true. I suspect a European industrial box is also made of steel. Faraday Cages are made of metal.
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  232. I suspect the fairground made the mistake. The lot appears to be 11 acres north of the fairgrounds. There were four buildings on the 11 acre lot. One of those buildings lapped over on fairground property. Another has almost no setback from the property line. I'm betting the fairground and the eleven acres were the same property. When it was split to form the fairgrounds nobody cared about where the line went. Everyone that understood the situation is now dead.
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  233. ​ @AD-jq7ow  In 1988 I was around 80 times older than you. Now I am about two and a quarter times as old. You are catching up rapidly.
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  234. The primary winding will be at several thousand volt levels. The primary connection can be a hot and a neutral or two phases. It depends whether the transformer is being fed off a wye distribution or a delta distribution. Delta feeds don't have a neutral so it's two hots or nothing.
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  235. Yes, High-leg for the win does a little bit of everything. Also impressed by the Scott T connection for changing 3-phase to 90 degree two phase.
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  236. One hour/60 = one minute, one minute/60 = one second, one second/60 results in 60Hz. The real question is "Why 50Hz?"
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  237.  @Debraj1978  A prisoner of metric I see. Build an oscillator that operates 30.72 KHz. Divide the output frequency by 512 and it will turn out a waveform that is exactly 16.66666666... milliseconds long all day. Blame the shortcomings of your base 10 number system for the 16.6666.. business. 5000 years ago Sumerians used a base 60 number system to help avoid this kind of thing. The Sumerians knew that one day AC power would be available and the only proper frequency would be 60 Hz. Somewhere there is a tablet that stated "Voltage should be twice the frequency." but that has been suppressed.
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  238.  @GH-oi2jf  Well at least it made all of their equipment bigger and more expensive.
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  239.  Tom Geldon  Debraj was responding to me accusing him of being a prisoner of the metric system. It was an amusing opportunity to use "imperial" to get back at me. I am sure he did not mean any offense.
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  240. 30 men with assault weapons.
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  241. One meter across the 240v.
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  242. + and - are phase indicators.
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  243.  @michaelterrell  Not many people realize that anymore.
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  244. If the full 48kw was used all the time the monthly bill for electricity would be over four thousand dollars. My bill runs around two hundred dollars. With great power comes great responsiblilty.
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  245. Yes an American house is built to handle 48kw. That is why the breaker box looks so industrial and frightening to some people. Truth is that to hit 48kw you would have to turn on every thing you own and buy, borrow or steal stuff you don't own. If you do this for one month 24 hours a day at 12 cents per kwh your electric bill would be over four thousand dollars. Nobody wants that.
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  246. Sorry about the panel it is made by a French company.
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  247. If appliances were added in series your statement would be correct. Appliances are added in parallel so current will increase.
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  248. Why do you believe PC power supplies are more efficient at 240v?
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  249. So what do you have in your home that is not available in North America?
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  250. No it isn't. Lot of shovel work. Or well drilling.
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  251. Thanks Trevor. I got the year wrong because I confused it with something significant that happened in Europe in 1939. I forget what it was.
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  252. Single transformer.
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  253.  @hughleyton693  When you divide 240 by two you get 120 not 140 as you did. The transformer required is a single phase device with a center tapped secondary. The resulting output voltages will be 240/120.
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  254.  @hughleyton693  I'm not using three phase. I am connecting a single phase transformer to a three phase supply. You say the loads must be balanced. Why?
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  255.  @hughleyton693  Hung up on three phase huh? Okay take three single phase 2:1 transformers with center tapped secondaries, connect the center taps together as neutral and you will have converted three phase 480v to six phase 120v and everything will be balanced.
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  256.  @hughleyton693  No. I was right the first time.
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  257.  @hughleyton693  As 240/120 is a single phase load to the provider, it is their problem to balance their 3 phase line.
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  258. Heat pumps it is. Most of the time heat pumps save electricity. But when it gets too cold you have to fire up heat strips.
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  259. A large number of homes use electricity for heating in the form of a heat pump which occasionally will have to be augmented with heat strips. The 200a is for those days.
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  260. Ring circuits connect a high current breaker to wire that is not rated to handle the current the breaker can provide. By making the circuit a ring the cable can handle the required current as long as the circuit does not open. If the ring opens the circuit becomes two radial circuits with inadequate wiring. Good luck!
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  261. But as all Europeans like to point out "it is three phase" so it is 3x25 or 75 amps. Granted 200 is larger than 75 but not "holy crap" larger.
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  262. There are two kinds of money in the world, capital and operating. Installing heavier copper in a building is capital. Once it is done it is done. Operating pays for consumables like incandescent bulbs. Incandescent bulbs have an operating life that is inversely proportional to it operating voltage. This means 240 volt people replaced incandescent bulbs twice as often as 120 volt people for over one hundred years. The man in this video is replacing 600w 120v bulbs because it saves operating money. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f1BgzIZRfT8
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  263. They are vectored out into space.
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  264. Why is something that does what it is intended to do crap?
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  265. Open Delta.
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  266. We have single phase 200 amps 240v. You have three phase at 80amps. That means 3*80amps or 240amps. What do you do with all that current?
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  267. Delta's don't require a neutral. It is always good to have a neutral. Simplest solution is to make one of the lines neutral. After you have done that you can get by with two-phase breakers, two thirds of the insulators and all of your three phase equipment doesn't care.
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  268. If you are old enough you will remember a saying referring to long odds. "He has about as much chance of winning as a celluloid dog chasing an asbestos cat through hell."
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  269. Sounds a lot like Brazil. At least you have the 60Hz right. There are others in the world that need to pick up the pace.
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  270. 50mm2 sounds about right. What's the problem? Edit: I checked and 200 amp service requires 85 square millimeters. We call that three aught.
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  271. No it isn't. 12 cents a kilowatt hour!
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  272.  @michaeltb1358  We save copper by not running three phase electricity to every customer. It takes roughly twice as much wire to put three phase everywhere.
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  273. I don't think wiring up a three phase kettle would be that easy.
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  274.  @GH-oi2jf  Well Germans and other European folks keep saying "we have three phase to every house" and I suspect there must be some reason to do that. Wonderful things like three phase kettles, laptops and reading lamps. I saw the phrase "proper German kettle" and thought "It must be at least three phase." Sorry I was just triggered. Going to my safe space now. I need to brew three quarts of tea. Using my 120v kettle it will take the rest of the day to get to 212 degrees.
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  275. Yes as long as every connection on the ring is good. The 30 amp breaker used works fine. If one connection on the ring opens you now have two radial circuits consisting of a 30 amp breaker followed by two legs of inadequate wiring. Here is the really neat thing. The bad connection produces no visible indication that there is a problem. You may suspect something when the fire breaks out. Because a ring circuit can deliver 30 amps to a 13 amp appliance said appliance MUST have a 13 amp fuse in the power plug. The fuse has to be there even if the device is on a 10 amp radial circuit and never sees a ring. Because rings happen.
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  276. As an American I think you are using twice as much voltage as necessary as Brits normally do. A 6v lead acid battery would probably last longer and not have to drop so far below it's nominal voltage to end the spreadsheet run.Only problem could be the minimum operating voltage of the 5 volt regulator.
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  277. Americans do it with ampacity! Ain't nuthin girlie about 200 amps. 48KW for the win.
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  278.  @Jehty_  How is your life so less valuable than the lives of everyone else?
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  279. Coffee makers are quite common.
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  280. Actually the third wire only gets you 1.73 times the "power."
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  281.  @JoLe1991  Remove one phase from from your house re-allocate lost rooms to the two remaining phases and you will have the 230 volt equivalent of the US system. This will allow 230 volt loads and single phase 400 volt loads. Assuming 16 amp breakers this means you can have two 230 x 16 =3.680kw for a grand total off 7.36 kw. If you only have 400 volt loads the result is 400 x 16 = 6.4 kw single phase. Add the removed phase back and you have three 230 x 16 = 3.68 kw or 11 kw. Calculating for 400 volts is 400 x 16 x 1.73 = 11 kw My point was the third phase does not get you "triple the power."
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  282.  @JoLe1991  To reach the power level of the service shown in this video you would need 69 amp main breakers. Do you have 69 amp breakers?
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  283.  @JoLe1991  North America 240v * 200A = 48KW Europe 400v * 69A * 1.73 = 48KW The typical house service in North America is 48kw. Europeans sit in their 11KW tiny houses saying things like "For high power items we have three phase." Power doesn't care how it is delivered. Getting snarky now so I'm gonna stop.
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  284.  @JoLe1991  A lot of Europeans use wire rated at 200 amps. Battery cables in their cars. Granted they don't use it in three hundred foot lengths.
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  285.  @EngineeringMindset  Minor point. The electrons still flow the same way in conventional current. Conventinal current is "hole flow" and makes the arrow shaped symbols in solid state devices make sense.
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  286. It makes it less likely for something to fall onto the hot lead as the first thing to be hit is the ground pin. However the outlet will be upside down. As will any devices plugged into them like timer switches and 90 degree plugs.
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  287. White is neutral. Black is hot. Green is ground. 240v connection is two blacks and a green. Green does the earthing. Neutral not needed. Code now says neutral is to be available at the outlet.
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  288.  @laurenanderson7330  Alligators and crocodiles do a fairly good job. Mom hangs around.
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  289. How often do you do that?
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