Hearted Youtube comments on Two Bit da Vinci (@TwoBitDaVinci) channel.

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  27. I own both of these cars, a 2017 Bolt and a 2018 Tesla M3. My wife drives the Bolt, I drive the M3. We both had EVs previously, a Leaf and a Spark. What changed principally from day to day is that we don't both rush for the charger every night. My wife likes the hatchback, the fact that the Bolt is slightly smaller, and she appreciates the fact she does not have to worry about range to get anywhere around the city. She rarely if ever charges away from home. I have a long commute, 44 miles round trip, charge about every 3 days, and use chargers away from home only when we take long trips. The biggest difference between the cars is charging away from home. We went from San Fransisco to Los Angeles in both cars. In the Bolt, we were restricted to highway 101, a longer route, because the shortest and most heavily traveled route has no CCS chargers. At all. According to plugshare, it still does not. Trying to charge down the 101 is somewhat hit or miss. There "appear" to be a lot of high power chargers for CCS, but most of them are actually 1/2 power chargepoint 25kW stations that take way longer to charge. On the way down we made it with one charge, but we left fully charged, stopped for 2 hours (!) at a 50kW charger, and barely had any charge when we made it to San Fernando Valley. On the way back we hit three chargers, made worse because the hotel we stayed at had no charger, so we had to hit one on the way out. Note: if you can find a hotel with a charge spot, even only an L2, this is a huge help, since you leave the hotel fully charged. With Tesla we left fully charged, hit the Harris ranch charger even though we could have gone farther, and charged twice in LA before returning on the I5. Another charge at Harris ranch got us home. There really is no comparison between cars when it comes to on the road charging. With CCS charging you are luck if there are two 50kW charging spots, and the chances are good one of them is out of order. When you get there you fiddle with a card, and even having a card does not always help. My EVgo card works only %50 or less of the time, and they have sent me several replacement cards. Thus I waste 10 minutes at each charge calling them and setting up a charge on the account. With Tesla, we go to chargers and there are 10 spots, with some up to 20 (!) spots. You plug the car in and go. The billing is completely automatic, and the prices are reasonable. There is an odd thing going on with the A/B system, if you plug in to A, and another car is on B, or vice versa, you both get slowed down, so you pick an A-B pair that is unoccupied. Coming into a charge station at about 50 miles left (my personal minimum), you get to see the car charge at over 100kW/h for about 2 minutes to reach over 200 miles left, then less after that. Its truly a breathtaking sight to see a car charge that fast, and apparently this is unique to the model 3, which has improvements in charging speed even over the Model S. In short, we are happy with both cars, but the Bolt is clearly a local, city car, and the M3 is for long trips.
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  56. Ricky, sorry for a long write-up but as you will read on it will make sense. I moved to Barcelona from NC back in 1989 for a 3-5 yr job which ended in my finally retiring here after falling in love with Spain, Barcelona and lifestyle. As usual, I went to Sagrada Familia in back then for the first time and was thoroughly impressed but it was still just a shadow of what it is today. Back then, and looking at how little it had advanced throughout the years, I thought it would take at least another 50 years. I remember my wife and kids going up the towers by the circular staircase, I refused, and they told me about the broken glass that is cemented in the top of the towers to reflect different colors - talk about designing detail few would ever see. Every to time friends from visit it is an imperative to visit Sagrada Familia and I see the progress which has been impressive. The construction has been advancing and I do believe that they will meet the timetable of for Gaudí's 100 yr death anniversary. When you talk about the inverted structural sand analysis it reminds me of my first thoughts upon seeing it. As a civil engineer, although never actually worked as as one, it reminded me of the structural classes with vectors which are a very graphic way of designing relatively simple structures but in this case taken to an unbelievable level. As a final note on Gaudi may I say that Gaudi was a genius and the only architect I know that when you see a building he designed you can immediately say THIS IS A GAUDI. There are 2 in Paseo de Gracia Avenue in Barcelona, Casa Batlló and La Pedrera, as well as Parque Guell which are worth a visit. I never forget a company Christmas dinner we had in Casa Batlló where you could see the detail even in the individual doors/frames to the apartments which are just unbelievable. I also remember seeing on visiting Leon where immediately remarked this is a Gaudi. Lots of respect to the man's genius.
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  221. Good analysis, but while I agree with the basic premise...that Porsche is just way behind Tesla, I think that some of the reasoning was incorrect. First, it is simply not true that Tesla doesn't sequester battery capacity. Various folks have analyzed this (like Bjorn) and it appears that for a Model 3 long range/performance the actual battery capacity is about 80 kw, of which you can access about 74. So, when you think you are charging to 100%, you really aren't. While it's possible that Porsche sequesters a larger percent of the capacity, it's not clear that they do. Bottom line is that they both limit how much of the battery you can access, both at the top and the bottom. Second, you are mixing up efficiency and range. Range will be a function of capacity and efficiency, but efficiency is what this is really all about. It wouldn't matter what size battery the Porsche had (or what percent was sequestered), the efficiency is just lousy. Third, the idea that part of the Porsche's problem is due to their tying regeneration to braking may not be entirely true. According to Porsche, the vast majority of their braking is coming from regeneration, not friction. In fact, they brag about how they can regenerate more than anyone else due to their "800 volt architecture". The fact is, when you need to slow down you can either take your foot off the throttle (as is the case with Tesla) or you can use the brake pedal. But assuming the same level of motor regeneration is available, it doesn't matter (from a physics perspective) which method you used. It's all about feel, not regeneration. Again, if we believe Porsche, if anything their system should result in MORE regeneration rather than LESS regeneration. So, if these aren't the reasons for the low efficiency, what is? 1. The car is too heavy. For a car with less interior and storage capacity than a model 3, it weighs over 1,000 lbs more. All that weight requires energy to move it. 2. The car probably uses higher rolling resistance tires. This is definitely a choice Porsche is making to optimize handling over efficiency. 3. The 2 speed transmission is a problem. I'll talk about why they did this a little later, but suffice to say that this adds weight and frictional losses. 4. The car uses 2 PM motors rather than one PM and one inductive motor. This may not seem like a big deal, but it is. PM motors are more efficient than inductive motors, so it makes sense to use them as the primary motor in a 2 motor vehicle. Inductive motors are less efficient than MP motors but they have the advantage of having less drag when idling...as they are most of the time in a properly designed 2 motor vehicle. So, unlike Porsche, what Tesla has done on dual motor cars is to get the best of both worlds by using a PM motor at the rear and an inductive motor at the front. Clear evidence of the benefits of this can be seen with the Raven architecture on the S, where they added significant range/efficiency as a result of invoking this architecture that was pioneered with the Model 3. 5. Going back your original point about Porsche just being behind, here are some specifics: a. It's clear from the Model 3 dissection done by Munroe that there is some advanced technology in Tesla's control systems and motors. They believe that the magnets used in the motors are extremely complex and not easy to copy. I suspect that Porsche's motors simply aren't as sophisticated. b. I suspect the energy density of the Tesla batteries is higher than the Porsche batteries. This is because unlike Tesla, who seems to be at the state of the art of battery technology....and controls the manufacturing of their cells, Porsche is buying off the shelf batteries from LG. The result is lower discharge rates for the same capacity and lower power density, resulting in a heavier and lower performing pack. It seems that for EVs, lots of little things add up. This bring me back to where you started. Porsche is simply a number of years behind Tesla, and while they were (barely) able to equal Tesla's performance, they could only do it by having really bad efficiency. I sort of feel sorry for the folks buying a $250k Taycan only to find out that it's going to be hopelessly obsolete within just a few years. Keep up the good work!
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  271. Man... You California LEFT coast people need to get out a LOT more. I live in Canada. I was born and lived in Labrador. This whole malarkey with plugging in is long gone. I haven't had to plug in my cars since I started owning cars some 25 years ago. Unless you live in Oymyakon in Siberia and it is the dead of winter, "petrol" cars work marvelously in the winter. Where I live, the deep winter night temps REGULARLY go as low as -25 C and many daytimes that are that bad too. Your precious Tesla is NOT going to do well on those days or the ones close to that. My new 2017 Civic has a start button and never ONCE had a hard time starting. Also, those "Canadian" owners? I can assure you they are NOT representative of Canadian winters. Vancouver = Seattle. Toronto = NYC (Due to all the lake water warmth and the sheer sprawl of Toronto). Montreal, maybe something there but nothing compared to the rest of the populated areas. Give me the data for Edmonton or Ft Mac or Winnipeg. I want my car to go a KNOWN distance EVERY day. No guessing based on if it is cold. I have said this once, twice, and many times more... BATTERY cars are NOT the future. Electric cars are. The issue is and has always been storage. The answer is and has always been capacitors. Graphene will allow for the energy densities that existing capacitors can't provide. Capacitors allow for ALL weather condition operation and can be charged or discharged at effectively any rate and won't wear out anywhere close to what happens with a battery. The reason is simple. As long as the storage medium is electrochemical, it is a failure. Electrostatic is the only answer and also THE answer as it will also solve all manner of grid storage and solar storage and discharge issues. Unless solid state batteries can challenge capacitors, I stand by my statement until something better than either is invented.
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  281. The concept of a range extended EV isn't new. I have a BWM i3 REx, which is one of the only production vehicles I know of that uses this architecture. It's essentially a "series plug-in hybrid", but what makes it a range-extended EV is that your primary "fuel" is electricity from the battery, which ultimately comes from the grid or home rooftop solar, and gasoline is supposed to be your secondary fuel, or support to bridge the gaps between charging stations on a road trip. It works really well. The only problem with the series hybrid design is that it's less efficient than letting the engine directly drive the wheels. Toyota's hybrid architecture is "series-parallel" such that the engine can, in certain conditions, directly provide mechanical output to the drive shaft/transaxle. This is especially desirable if your battery is depleted and you're cruising at highway speeds, and even though it results in a more complex "transmission" (e.g. with a planetary gearset, or a clutch pack like the Honda Clarity PHEV), it is ultimately more efficient when running on gas than a series hybrid. The inefficiency of the series hybrid is awfully clear when you consider how it runs when the battery is nearly depleted. It generates mechanical work, then a generator converts that to electricity, then that electricity goes into the battery, then the battery gets discharged to drive the electric motors, which convert the electricity back to mechanical work. Every time the energy is converted, you lose some efficiency. Even if each step is very efficient, when you combine them together, you lose a lot of energy. Regenerative braking helps a lot in heavy traffic, but if you're going at highway speeds over long distances, running on the REx is gets pretty poor MPG. It's in the high 20s last I tested, like 28 MPG. Icky. If I had my way, we would adopt one of these small-and-light "generator" designs -- this one or some other -- as the range extender in a so-called "series-parallel plugin hybrid" with an architecture similar to the Toyota Prius Prime or Rav4 Prime, but with a much larger battery pack. Let's say we can shrink the weight and size of the engine by 50% and triple the size of the battery pack. This would give us an EV range around 150 miles, which is enough for all but road trips. Then we'd have an 8-10 gallon gas tank which can easily bridge the gap between charging stations, even if you pull into an Electrify America station and all the chargers are broken. Oh well, just drive on gasoline for another 20 miles until you find the next one. A car of this design would work perfectly fine even in a charging "desert" (where all the chargers are broken, or they don't exist), and at a decent fuel efficiency, too (probably 40 mpg or higher in a mid-size sedan configuration). But it would also have 150 miles of EV range, so if you charge it up at home, nearly all trips, even "regional" trips (say, trips from the Baltimore area to the Washington DC area) could be taken completely on electricity. But if you needed to drive out to the midwest, and you couldn't find good chargers or didn't have time to stop, you could just keep driving on gasoline, and fill up every 200-250 miles at a gas station. That would be the "dream car" for me, and I would probably buy cars that operate on that architecture for the rest of my life. 95% of my driving would be fueled by the grid (so, its "cleanliness" would depend on the energy mix of the power grid) and partially offset by my rooftop solar. The remaining 5%, those long distance trips, would not require me to rent a car -- I would just use gas to the extent necessary.
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  340. My wife and I bought a Bolt as soon as they were available in our state. We are really happy about the purchase and have owned the car for nearly two years now. I haven't had a chance to drive the Model3 yet for comparison, but the Bolt has plenty of torque and is certainly fun to drive. We primarily chose to buy it over the Tesla because it was cheaper, available immediately, was a hatchback, and Tesla's spartan interior design is not for me (I'm a button and knobs kind of guy).We haven't even charged at a public charge station yet and are only using the 120v outlet in our garage. Though I should add that we also kept my '02 manual Celica for long distance trips, but it sees very little use these days. Really there have only been a couple of times that we felt restricted by the charge limitations of the Bolt, the 200+ mi range has been more than enough for our driving habits.  We don't even charge it to 100% every night and in the summers we see closer to 300 mi range.So far the car has been a very reliable. I love letting friends drive it around a bit and everyone likes the tech and how fun it is and most are surprised to learn that you can literally charge from any 120v outlet anywhere and how low maintenance/reliable electrics are (including the battery packs).My wife and I are glad we chose the Bolt over the Tesla but we would highly recommend both to anyone considering a new car, let alone an electric. For those who are concerned about range, please do your self a favor and just buy Chevy's Volt. I personally think the Volt better represents the future of transportation with it's zero emission, reliable and efficient 100% electric drivetrain, but the added benefit of a small onboard combustion engine to generate electricity for the electric motors when you need to drive further than the 50+ mi range of its small battery pack.
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  567. Speaking as one of the growing segment of American society. The folks who can’s string enough jobs together to get a head. I dread the day when my 17 year old ICE car finally bites it. When I saw the Elio it was a very eye opening experience for me. For so long I’ve watched as stuck in traffic how I was surrounded by single occupant SUVs and Pickups. Knowing how our addiction to oil was killing the planet, It was a sad part of the week pulling up to the pump. Here was a vehicle that could satisfy multiple goals. Not having to invest in something which for so many of us is not some orgasmic experience, I.E. driving to work, that we were going to be paying off for years at a high percentage of our dwindling salaries. The Elio is very affordable! Next it would keep me away from that pump for longer and when I got there it was not going to get me into the 40plus dollar number on the pump. No doubt that the insurance would be much more affordable. Top it off with just being the right amount of vehicle for what we all really need. It would be so much easier to rent that SUV for the once a year trip to where ever. Decades ago our way of live was negotiated by the industries of the time, not to save us money but to grow their profits. We can’t reverse the layout of our societies over night. Work has been deliberately put far away as to all the other things we need. Given the work situation many Americans find themselves in, NOT having a car is certainly a horrible thought. With no effective mass transit in a great many areas across the USA, it would render a person unemployable. With the rise of BEV transport and the eventual decline of ICE vehicles. The gasoline/oil industry will no doubt be in a serious pickle. Reduced demand, plummeting profits. The price of the gas they do get to sell will no doubt cost much more. Further killing both themselves and ICE. But I am sure there will not be an BEV in place that most Americans will be able to afford yet qualify for a loan to buy. The Elio could be that cross over vehicle that may very well soften the blow during this sure to come period in world history. The motorcycle manufacturers have totally missed this. In my travels I’ve marveled at in some parts of the world small motorcycles rule. Not so in western countries. Much to my dismay. The few electric motorcycle companies out there are of two types, somewhat affordable and ugly or so far out of reach and unneeded performance but certainly sexy looking. In either case, both have reduced the desire for electric motorcycles. A terrible shame if you ask me. They are for the most part the most efficient and practical means of single person transportation out there. This has gone into the realm of an article and not a comment. But I still hope that Elio can get to market sooner than later. Not sure how much longer my car will hold out.
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  585. Pre-order holder of a Rivian and I'm already Two Bit da Vinci subscriber. Been following Rivian since they revealed their EAVs at the LA Auto Show last November. Even though I didn't really learn anything new from your video, you did a nice job of summarizing Rivian to date for those not as familiar with them. A couple of things though. It really doesn't matter whether Rivian or Tesla brings their respective pickups to market first. They are targeting two different markets. Well, to be honest, I'm not sure what market Tesla is going after as they have released virtually nothing about their pickup besides a base price and a year old, crazy rendering of the pickup that is so large it can hold a normal size pickup in its truck bed. Like that will fit in an average sized, residential garage. Rivian does not claim to be a work pickup so there's no need to compare them to the likes of the Ford F series, RAM or Atlis or Workhorse. Rivian is targeting the niche market of premium outdoor adventure vehicles like Land Rovers and to a degree Jeep. Also, the video mentions a top range of the R1T at 397 miles. That's the first time I've heard the number. Everything I've read to date is that the 180 kWh battery pack will get 400 miles for the R1T (pickup) and 410 miles for the R1S (SUV). I only point it out as I'm curious what was your source for this information - the 397 miles. Perhaps there are other details from that source I'm not aware of. Always looking to learn more. Thanks, and again, good job on the video.
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  618. Great discussion of the voltage and amperage issues. You didn't mention the difference between operating voltage and open-circuit voltage, so lets be sure that people understand that. Open-circuit voltage is the voltage the panel(s) generate when there is no current being drawn. The total open circuit voltage in series must be lower than the maximum voltage accepted by the inverter. So if you have three panels in series, you take Voc * 3 and make sure that number is less than the maximum voltage the ecoflow can handle. Also note that even in shade, a solar panel will generally be producing its open circuit voltage when open circuited (no current). Operating voltage is the voltage the panel(s) generate when operating at their maximum power point. It also tends to be roughly the voltage the panels operate at when partially shaded (just with less current). You want the total operating voltage in series to be within the MPPT range of the EcoFlow. And its actually a bit more complicated because you also want the inverter to be able to handle a partially shaded string, so really you also want the total operating voltage in series, minus one panel, to also be within the MPPT voltage range of the inverter. Also keep in mind when calculating the total possible production, that the production is occurring at the operating voltage, not at the open circuit voltage. So you want the total operating voltage of the string to be as high as possible to make as much production as possible given the current limit of the inverter. -- Now there is a huge problem with partial shading in a parallel x series configuration. In your case, 3s3p. The problem is that if a panel in one of the series is shaded, the optimal operating voltage for that string is far lower than the optimal operating voltage of the other strings connected in parallel. Since the voltage is forced to be the same for things connected in parallel, this will cause the partially shaded string to contribute almost no current (essentially losing the entire string instead of just the shaded panel) due to the other strings forcing the voltage higher. This is why you generally do not want to parallel strings, not in modern day. You want each series string going into its own dedicated MPPT. That way partial shading on one string only drops out the partially shaded-panels in that string and allows the rest of the panels in that string to fully contribute to your production. -- And there is also a problem when you parallel more than two strings. Nearly all solar panels are specified to only be able to parallel two strings without fusing. The only safe way to parallel more than two strings (and I would argue even when paralleling just two strings...) is to run them through a solar combiner box that includes a series fuse for each string. If you don't do that and one of your strings shorts out (due to damage or whatever), the other strings in the array will feed their entire combined current into that one shorted string. If you have more than two strings in parallel, that can cause a fire. That's why a proper solar combiner box is necessary when paralleling panels or paralleling strings. (But as I said above, in modern times you want to avoid paralleling strings if at all possible and have each string going into its own dedicated MPPT, to ensure that a partially shaded string can still contribute to production). -- And there is ALSO (yet again) a problem when paralleling a lot of strings... now the highest possible current might exceed what DIYers actually use for their wiring. And that can cause a fire too. As long as there is a series fuse for each string, then the wiring for each string only has to nominally handle that string's current contribution. The trunk (after the paralleling) wiring on the other-hand must be able to handle to the total combined current. Getting 30A-capable "solar" wiring and MC4 connectors for this is easy. Once you head north of 20A, though, a lot of the cheap stuff people buy starts to have problems. Cheap MC4 connectors, cheap wires, bad crimps, etc... things can get dangerous in a hurry. Yet another reason not to parallel more than two strings. Hand-touching the MC4 junctions and all the wiring during full production is a good idea to make sure there are no hot spots. -Matt
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  942. You misspoke when you said the Cybertruck has ground clearance of up to 16 feet. It's inches. I doubt anyone would be misled, though. The Hummer will have 35" wheels. Don't know yet if that's an option or standard. It'll be much more expensive than the top-tier Cybertruck, but man, if you have to go off-road, the Hummer will have insane ground clearance. Exactly what that will be, we don't yet know. Several of those brands you discussed might not make it to production. Bollinger's cost versus capability looks like a bad deal for consumers, though the design is interesting. They're looking weak. Nikola strikes me as a pure scam, rip off investors then fold the company, though I hope it isn't so. Atlis makes compelling CGI pictures. That's about it. Rivian has already signed a deal to sell 100,000 vans to Amazon, and they'll supply skateboards to Ford; they're looking like they might succeed, though the unit cost seems high. The best deal is undoubtedly the Cybertruck. For $50K you get a truck that competes well against any of its rivals for far less money. For $70K you get 500 miles of range and the best performance of any of them. And with the cold-rolled 3 mil steel body, you get durability we've never seen in a consumer automobile of any sort. You want tough? This is where to find it. It's sort of shocking just how many contenders will be entering the e-pickup space in the near future, even if a few of them fail. Things are moving fast - if they can all secure the battery cells they'll need. Tesla has secured its own supply chain for battery cells; everyone else will be scrambling in an open market where supply lags far behind demand. We'll probably see some schedule slippages and slow production ramps from most of these rivals.
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  1000. As usual, a very well balanced evaluation. You even managed to explain the political shenanigans without getting political. One item you did not cover was reliability. As a retired Director of Engineering {EE}, I love most things electric/electronic however, living in Western NY, for over 70 years I can say I've NEVER lost Natural Gas while lost of electricity is normally a 4-5 times a year event. I had contemplated an Induction cook top but did not do the math like you did and the $$$ increase for electric was quite eye opening. Cost and lack of reliability are two obstacles to converting from Natural Gas for cooking. In the last 3 years, I've had to use our wood stove for heating a total of 4 weeks to assure we don't freeze when the electricity goes out. I may look at a biochar reactor to generate gas to run a generator if NY keeps playing with our energy sources. We have enough wood to do this but not everyone does. NY has imposed their ban on Natural Gas appliances with a goal of banning replacements [I'm sure when the public gets used to government restrictions on fuel choice]. NY State just announced a major KW/hr price increase to strengthen the grid which now fails mainly from wind storms and the occasional capacity failure in hot weather. Our grid is at the limit and EVs will push it over the edge. Even though a Tesla Model S is my dream car, I dislike my government telling others what type of car they MUST drive. I'd love to see a TRUE and centuries old solution, biochar, used for both energy production AND sending 25% to 35% of carbon back into the soil where it will improve water retention, reduce runoff, minimize fertilizer requirements {encapsulated in the biochar} AND where it will sequester this excess carbon for thousands of years. Couple this with regenerative agriculture and the world would be on the road to true reduction of CO2 and other "greenhouse" gases.
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  1006. Thanks for covering this Ricky. As micro-turbine gas-electric generators already are capable of about 70% efficiency, are very compact and simple, why not use them instead combustion photovoltaics? In regards to your concept of photovoltaic ICE exhaust power recovery, I'm thinking that if you were able to recover 50% of the waste energy from an ICE exhaust using photovoltaic generator, you would be recovering about 15% of the total engine thermal losses. Having worked with large Exhaust heat exchangers (stack robbers) to capture waste exhaust heat, but due exhaust restriction and back-pressure reducing engine power, we typically only recovered about 30% of exhaust heat. If similar was the case with photovoltaic recovery, you would only be recovering about 15% of the waste energy in the exhaust stream, and something like a exhaust power recovery microturbine, adapted from a turbo-charger to drive an electric generator might be as efficient and less expensive. BTW: Back in the 80's when I was working for in the Oil and Gas Industry and dealing with HPS and Mulit-Vapor lighting systems, the thought of using high temperature combustion gas to produce combustion based lighting using a multi-vapor tubes for remote off-grid locations occurred to me. I mentioned it to some engineering colleagues, and we estimated the efficiency could be considerably higher than electrically excited tubes but the maintenance, cost and complexities of producing such a system would likely be practical and affordable, plus having combustion sources in flammable environments is not suitable.
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  1161. Thanks for calling the model Y a "crossover".... I CRINGE when people constantly keep calling it an "SUV", it is NOT an SUV people! And Ricky, "traditional" SUV's are body-on-frame (Tahoe, Sequoia, Ford Expedition, Lexus LX), but modern-day full size SUV's (Honda Pilot, Acura MDX, Chevy Traverse) are unibody but still large enough to be in the SUV category. I know you are a Honda guy (so am I!). I'm 6'6" and my daily driver is a Honda Prelude. All of the men in my family are between 6'4-6'10". So, size is important for me. We have 4 kids under the age of 7 (who won't always be so small). I currently own 2 Honda Odysseys, not because they are cool, but each holds my entire family including luggage/Costco trips, and with ease. And I know you had a Honda Pilot, because you liked the room (otherwise you would have bought something smaller, like a CR-v, or Fit). Now, I LOVE Tesla and Elon musk, SpaceX, he is a genius and great for humanity. I'm a recycling Nazi and pro-Earth guy, who dreams of owning a solar roof and 100% electric cars. HOWEVER... Tesla doesn't offer a vehicle for me. The X is what I would call a larger crossover (NOT an SUV), but who can afford his/her model X's? The 1%ers. The Y is a smaller crossover and when it offers that 3rd row, it will be a joke. I can put a 3rd and 4th row into a Prius, that doesn't make it a 7 or 10 passenger car. Maybe for tiny kids if you wanted to trade in the car again once your kids outgrew the kiddie 3rd row. I think manufacturers throw a 3rd row into a car "just" to check a box, not for comfort or practicality. Anyway, for practicality with large families/Costco-runs, Odyssey's are the most practical. For cool factor, you might downsize a bit into a Honda Pilot (still 8-passenger!) or even into the smaller Acura MDX (7 passenger). Or for smaller family's, can do the compact-"SUV" CR-V. But even the model Y is SMALLER than the medium-sized Honda CR-V. So, I'm dying here... WHEN is Tesla going to make an ACTUAL SUV.... Where is Tesla's version of an 8-passenger SUV (Tahoe, Escalade, Pilot) or even "gasp" a Tesla mini-van... ok, I won't hold my breath on that last one. Plus, all of the Tesla vehicles are naturally smaller inside because they all have the same sloped rear roof (like a Honda Crosstour or BMW X4). They do it for the sake of range, but rear passenger head room and Cargo room suffer! Again, I don't care for range... give me 8-passenger electric "SUV" with a squared off back (i.e., Honda Pilot, Chevy Tahoe, Odyssey) and I'd totally be fine if it had less range (200 miles should be easy). Heck, I've NEVER EVER EVER wanted a pickup... I hate them... that is, until I saw the CyberTruck... I was smitten...it was LOVE at first sight. Crazy, huh? But I don't need a pickup. Elon, PLEASE, PLEASE make a "CYBER SUV".... 8-passenger... you can leverage off the CyberTruck platform!! (same as model3>y, same as Rivian p'up>suv, same as Silverado>Tahoe)... can be built on the same assembly line. Someone needs to do a render of what a CyberTruck would look like if was an SUV (with LOTS of headroom for all rear passengers). Sorry for the long post, love your channel! :)
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  1192. Great video. You should do a video on the new solar technology being developed by the British company "Cambridge Photon Technology" (CPT), who have been published in Nature Science journal. They are working on a transparent layer which could be placed over EXISTING solar panels, and this layer makes use energy from different parts of the light wavelength which are not used at all by normal solar panels, and it converts that otherwise unusable range into EXTRA photons of light that can be used, and passes those, along with the other light, onto the solar panel below. In brief, it does this by converting the normally unusable light into pairs of excitons which, via quantum dots, then causes the film to emit lower energy photons that the solar panels CAN then use in addition to the normal light bands the current do. This can effectively potentially double or more the efficiency of existing solar panels! Solar is already the cheapest way of making electricity, but if we can DOUBLE the amount of energy generated in by the same area of panels, then it would, when paired with batteries to make the energy available 24/7, change the world overnight to 100% renewable, clean, cheap and limitless energy. As the saying goes "If God had wanted us to have clean and limitless free energy then God would have put a huge nuclear fusion reactor in the sky... oh wait, God already did that, we call it the Sun!" Solar power is a way of simply using the same natural nuclear fusion energy that has provided the energy for all life on Earth, via heat and photosynthesis - so as all of life's energy comes from the Sun, it makes sense that ALL our energy should come from the same eternally reliable source!
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  1380. Hey, love the video. Honestly so much good information! I think Hydrogen and BEVs dont need to smash each other. I think about it like Diesel and Gasoline. Both have their pros and cons. BEVs might be the sporty consumers favourite as well as commuters who rarely need to go above 100km a day. If they want to, there will be fast charging available! Buisinesses could even rent out some of their BEV fleets battery capacity to the grid companys to use for energy storage if they dont need it. Trucking companys and commuters that need to travel long distances might prefer they way faster refueling and higher range! (As well as obviously flight and shipping companys prefer the high energy density. For planes especially so, due to Hydrogen being used making the plane lighter, where as discharged batteries become dead mass.) Also I think it is likely that grid companys will have to put steep prices on fast charging at peak times when BEVs are commonplace because it can really destabilze a grid if too many charge at once during peak power consumption. Maybe this even leads to new natural gas power plants being build to compensate. This is obviously the opposite of what "emmisson free vehicle" is supposed to mean. While Hydrogen could be made with PEM during nighttime between 1:00 AM and 5:00 AM where the power consumtion is really low. This would stabilize the grid and could lead to fossil power plants closing down. So to be frank a COMBINATION of the two really could make zero emission transport for goods and people possible! Also I dont like some of the fierce "I'm right, you are wrong", here in the comments. Relax stay neutral and think about whats best for the planet! It is our future and we need calm minds to prevail, not some hotheads blowing steam. If anyone ever reads this and thinks about it, thank you so much. And if you can support Two Bit da Vinci, do it, because I'm a student and I really can't. Have a nice day! Ludwig
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  1679. Hi, I enjoyed watching you uTube video & especially that you included a narrative of the prices, costs & benefits. So thank you for your presentation & I will look forward to a further update on your PV system & progress in future years. You live in a sunny part of the USA & I reside in the UK (Colchester), at my latitude we do not receive any where near as much sunshine & the weather is cooler, more temperate & cloudier. In October of 2011 I had a 4-kwp system installed on the roof of my house & have since added a few more PV panels to squeeze 5.75 kwp through a 4-kwp inverter. I'll try & give you some maths (as I was so impressed with yours). System cost just over £12,841 in total, but I keep adding to it & tweaking it (I can't seem to help myself - lol). Included in this cost are two Immersun units, two 110v transformers & three power halvers. These help me more fully utilise the power when it's available without importing much electricity from the grid. We don't have net metering here (sob) but we do have a subsidised Feed-in-Tariff, I don't have any export meter either. The FIT income averages around £2,500 pa & it saves me about £350 pa of direct electricity costs. My system paid for itself in 4.95 years & over the 25-years of FIT it should yield an IRR of 21.6% pa. My annual electricity imports are now down to around 125 kwhs pa costing a mere £20 pa on a zero standing charge tariff. Most people don't believe this, however I have the bills & FIT statements to prove these figures. The system generates around 5,000 kwhs pa. I have a very detailed spreadsheet which auto-calculates the discounted cash-flows & income / savings budgeted & compares them to actuals. It also calculates the projected IRR, (I used to work as a cost analyst). The reason my imported electricity bill is so ridiculously low, is that I have gone mad on installing insulation: cavity wall insulation, double thickness loft insulation, triple glazed windows & I will hopefully this summer install insulation under the ground floorboards (horrible job). I also live quite an alternative type of lifestyle, so I live a green & frugal lifestyle. Just thought I'd show to your readers that there are benefits wherever you live in the world to trying to live a greener & more environmentally conscious way of life. I hope this comment helps someone out there. Regards to all, JohnnyK.
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  1693. You guys are making a professional effort to provide valuable information for everyone interested in Tesla. I have had a Model S for more than 3 years, and as much as I keep up, reading almost every article and seeing a great number of videos - your information and presentation is the most accurate, dense and complete I have seen. I have a recommendation: since you appear to be on track to basically create a 'Tesla Encyclopedia', I believe you might enhance the value of your project with an indexing system. An indexing system could be as simple or as complex as you choose to design. However, I see a complexly designed indexing system as eventually generating great rewards for both you and your viewers. It would be a big undertaking. 1. Simplicity from the start would only need to categorize your videos by subject matter - a 'table of contents'. 2. More complex would be to create an interactive tree of related material organized to send researchers logically to the level their prior research indicates would be most useful them, i.e., answer their questions before they ask them. 3. Much more complex would be to access timestamps within each video so that keyword searches could provide your viewers with links to related snippets across the breadth of your video library, giving very detailed access to all the material you accumulate. They could in effect build their own video. lol - maybe I'm making an impossible work project with this last suggestion. I suggest it because I absolutely see your efforts producing the quality and detail that is sure to satisfy Tesla researchers. After all, you are entering a rapidly expanding market.
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  1802. Very well done video on the new Lightning. I've been interested in electric cars since Morrison came out with his back in the late 1800's. The high torque at zero rpm was always a big plus. When Toyota came out with their Prius hybrid, I thought that was a good idea, especially when gas went up to $5/gal, plus the hybrids had a huge range and there was no one hour wait at a charger. But then the question of battery life came up after several years. 8-10 years and you need a new $2.5k to $4k battery, or if you knew how to do it, you could get a used or refurbished one much cheaper but with a reduced life time. And this is with a hybrid system. A pure electric system might have a worse life and judging by the size of the battery in this truck, it has to cost way more than a Prius battery. This subject is seldom mentioned when discussing costs to operate these electric vehicles and probably never mentioned by anybody at Fords. You mention that there is almost no maintenance required on this Lightning, which is probably true, but at a certain amount of miles, it's going to need a new, very expensive battery. Back in the 60's, Ford ran an inline 6 cyl gas engine continually in a test fixture for one million miles. I know many people that have Ford pickups with more than five hundred thousand miles on the original engine. Yes they required the usual maintenance and maybe a few replaced a transmission for $2k, but not 3 or 4 expensive batteries. Having to fork out maybe $6k for a new battery every 100k-150k miles for this Lightning, which I personally think is a fantastic F150, may be a possible turn off for prospective buyers. It is for me.
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  2284. I was 7 years old when I watched Neil Armstrong as he lumbered down the ladder of "The Lunar Landing Module," (L.L.M.,) & on the last rung, He paused and uttered those immortal words, "That's One Small Step For ("A,") Man, One Giant Leap For Mankind." (If you've never heard & you don't what The "A" In Parentheses is all about, Armstrong's actual words were "THAT'S ONE SMALL STEP FOR 'A MAN',,,Etc." A Glitch In The Radio Signal Covered Up The "A," so those of us earth-bound people didn't hear The "A," & to this day not a lot of Earthlings know about the error caused by 1960's Radio Technology.) Hopefully, when we make it back to Lunar Surface, we'll hear every word in Stereophonic Clarity! We were told that by the time that we were grown, that we'd be taking Moon Vacations as easily as we took took any Earth Vacation by Airplane. Personally, I was in love with The Space Shuttle! The Launches & Landings were spectacularly beautiful! My Late-Wife's First Cousin was Judith Reznik, The NASA Astronaut on Her Second Shuttle Flight on Challenger when it Exploded 113 Seconds after Launch on January 28th, 1986. I had applied & accepted to be a Mission Specialist on A Shuttle Mission. I was a Licensed Jet Pilot, and I looked forward to flying higher & faster than ever before. I had even been through The Astronaut Training Program, but The Mission, which included My Mission on The Flight was Permanently Scrubbed. I applied Two More Times but I was never selected. The Shuttle was permanently retired and I am getting a little long in The Tooth for NASA to consider me for a Mission NOW. My only hope for reaching the 64 mile mark, (100 Kilometers,) The Edge Of Space is in one of The Private Passenger Space Planes being designed by various Individuals and Corporations. I'm surprised that they're not taking people for the flight of a lifetime yet! (Yes, I'll spend My Kid's Inheritance for The Chance To See The World From Space, even if it is just for a few minutes!) Technically Speaking, on Earth, We've reached a point that we imagined when we were kids. Virtually every Home Has At Least One Computer, Cars Are Equipped With Computers, And There's A Computer In Everyone's Pocket! Cars Can Drive Themselves, (and I Once Thought that "Cruise Control" was High Tech. LOL) Drones Now Fight Our Wars, Most Anyone Who Wants One Can Own Their Own Drone For Aerial Photography or To Spy On The Beautiful Gal Nextdoor That Sunbathes By Their Pool Topless. Drones Now Deliver The Stuff That You Order Off Of The Internet, Drone Cars Now Deliver Your Pizzas, Drone Ships Collect Spent Rocket Stages After A Space Launch From K.S.C. If You Get Lost, Your Smartphone, ("The Computer In Your Pocket,") Can Tell You Where You Are & How To Get To Where You Want To Go Using "Global Positioning Satellites," (G.P.S.) We live in a High Tech. World, A Robotic Vacuum Cleaner Cleans Many People's Homes, Though The Humanlike Robots are still some decades away, Robots Are Beginning To Become More Common In Places That Couldn't Have Even Been Imagined Just A Few Years Ago. Oh, And About The Flying Car Thing. Don't Hold Your Breath! One day, We May Use Hovercraft Motor Vehicles instead cars sitting on Four Tires, But Take It For A Long Time Pilot, Flying Cars Are Just NOT Feasible! Just As The Weather Grounds & Airplane Flights, It Would Also Ground Your Flying Car! Your Boss Would Likely Not Be Very Understanding If You Couldn't Make It To Work Because The Weather Grounded Your Flying Car! However, Back To Space Travel! I'm Disappointed That We Didn't Replace The Space Shuttles with a more Up-To-Date Design. I feel like in many ways We've reverted back to 1960's Technology. However, if it'll move us forward in Human Space Exploration, They can get to Space By Helium Balloons for all I care! I look forward to our return to The Moon. I will be just as excited as I was between 1969 & 1972 when We sent The Original Lunar "Bunny Hoppers" to The Moon. But that happened in the Early Years Of My Life, and Before I Leave This World, I Want To Live To See Humans Set Foot On Mars! That'll Be The Ultimate In Human Space Travel For A Lifetime!!!
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  2305. The largest concern is going to be the electrical grid and here's why recently in California they had some unusual hot weather they were telling residents they were going to have to conserve electric to protect the grid. Here's where all this comes into play fast charging. If you have a 75 kilowatt hour battery and you intend on charging it in 15 minutes that means you're going to have to supply well over 75 kilowatts of power to charge it in that period of time and with all the expected millions of new cars being produced this is going to create a nightmare for the power grid this has a potential to create massive power spikes in the grid power companies do not like these power spikes because they actually make the electrical grid operate in efficient. Primarily the way they deal with this in industry is they put in what they call a peak demand meter and charge exorbitantly high prices for the electric that are produced under these types of conditions. electric companies have to anticipate the consumption of electric on a daily basis to properly and efficiently run an electrical grid. Here are the difference in fuel supply chains when it comes to liquid fuels for cars in other vehicles. Compared to ev vehicles. When you pull into a conventional station to refuel your chemically driven car the fuel is stored in a tank underground. It is pumped into your car as fast as the pump will allow it. The problem with Ev car they rely on the electric grid the electric grid is not a stored electrical system at this point and yes Tesla is developing a battery system which would be able to dump electric into the Grid at a moment's notice but this would further increase the strain on lithium and other materials to make batteries because it would require additional batteries to make an electric car Fleet feasible. When it takes on average over 10 years in the United States to bring an electric power plant online due to regulations this is going to be huge challenge for the United States. A country like China will put approximately 100 new power plants online in one year's time.
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  2650. Hey Two-Bit DV: Really like your stuff, but here my main concern with this comparison, is that you're using a Model 3 that does not yet exist: The literally still-non-existent "base" $35,000 model. As I'm sure you know, the actual, cheapest Model 3 built so far, that people can buy, is the $49,000 "First Production" model (in black - add $1,000 for any other color). I know you made this video well before it became apparent that there would be no base $35k model available for a long time, but I think it would be useful to update it, to reflect what people can actually get, which is the $49k First Production model (Premium upgrade package, and Long Range 310 Mile battery mandatory/included). You might as well throw in another $1,000 (to get to $50,000), since you pay that extra for anything other than the color black) As such, it's difficult to utilize your comparison, since it's using a car that literally does not yet exist. BTW, I have a Model 3, First Production, it's utterly amazing, and I'd get it again even if it wasn't the cheapest TCO in any comparison, and I viewed your video just to see how it fares against comparable ICE cars. But . . . .since the Model 3 in your comparison is literally still a Unicorn, and comes in at a full $15k less than anyone else could buy it for, I really wasn't able to assess how an actual, obtainable Model 3 would compare. (I get full rebates, so my actual cost, before tax, is $39,500 - i.e., $50k minus: $500 local electric utility rebate, $2500 CA rebate, $7500 Fed Tax credit).
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  2719. So, I'm a city stormwater and construction inspector. I think I can help. Permeamble pavement is great but the maintenance is unique to the material. It snows here on the Mid-Atlantic so snow plows tend to chip it. Yes as you mentioned you need to vacuum it. Industrial vaccuums aren't cheap and aren't an expense you would get with bituminous concrete. It also isn't as recyclable.There are very few ready mix operations or concrete contractors that are terribly familiar with it, but hopefully that can change. Also, it's better for parking lots and other low speed because it beats up tires a bit more than black top. Good news is that is where the "cons" really end. The rest are all on the Pro column. There is a fixed amount of water that is designed to move through a stormwater system and it should replicate what was there before they paved paradise. Large stormwater ponds on the edge of a property take more maintenance per acre than that permeable pavement. With more permeable surface you can have smaller ones or get rid of them all together in favor of swales and rain gardens. That would honestly be the best solution. Just like all engineering, removing a "Best Management Practice" or downsizing it is the best answer if you can pencil it out. Without a doubt the smartest and most feasible use for it would the shoulders of our roads. They don't get the traffic you need to worry about, get the most sheet flow, and are the easiest to maintain. That makes tons of sense for a large municipality who can spread the costs by limiting over all expenses. Liability and maintaining smaller scale stormwater controls. You mentioned how the stormwater controls are designed for smaller storms and not huge flood events. That actually is a common misunderstanding. Everything is designed for a worse case scenario "100 year flood" event. Naturally those hundred year flood events or events that were 1% likely to occur in a given year are using really old data. Plenty of them were overbuilt, plenty of them underbuilt, and plenty see that kind of stormwater every decade. These systems used to be designed to move flood waters out of our cities as fast as it can. The last 20-30 years or so included bio-rention. Trying (not always sucessfully) to restore some of the natural habitat. Keep water around to make a wetland or tiny pond. Of course the smartest thing to do is build taller and stop paving all together. Second to that might well be thirsty concrete.
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  2789. You're onto the right potential cause - and this is going to be a worsening problem as working age populations shrink along with their experienced staff numbers. I can't fathom why they don't have paid sick leave - a week is a standard minimum in many countries, some mining firms have unlimited sick leave allowances which is regulated by medical certificates and doctors' recommendations of course. Throwing more toys at it probably won't help - dragging solar panels along may not help unless they're awfully light and that's even more to maintain. The ancient look of the locomotives is probably due in part to their utilitarian nature, it doesn't need to be sexy if it's hauling tanks at 2am. Japan's rail systems and requirements are entirely different so it's not really a plausible comparison sadly. There may be more opportunity to use waterways (Peter Zeihan mentions this) inside the US, if I recall correctly they're significantly cheaper to operate. As for more immediate problems - isolating dangerous cars and separating them to dedicated trains makes sense on the surface at least, I think we have an opportunity to sharply increase sensors and relay networks that could potentially pick up and warn of problems such as whatever was flying those sparks. I know reliable sensor systems are wildly popular with transport firms (I know someone designing electronics for the industry and they're ultra-keen to take this up). Given the need to on-shore to the US (or near-shore to Mexico) and how fast you're going to have to do it - especially when war breaks out formally - it's a problem you're going to have to solve and awfully quickly indeed.
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  2888. Can't wait to watch your progress. I'm on a similar path with a 20-year-old all-electric, 2900 sq ft house in Central Texas. Started in 2010 with a radiant barrier, additional attic insulation, and two air-source heat pumps. In about 2014 replaced the conventional electric water heater with an air-source heat pump water heater. In 2018, replaced the composition roof with standing seam metal (galvalume) and added an 11.4 kW solar array. The solar array is bolted onto the standing seam metal roof, so there is no roof penetration for the solar. I've replaced most of the windows with low-E, double pane, synthetic frame windows. The next step is battery backup. I'm planning to go with an Enphase system because: 1) already have compatible Enphase micro-inverters on the solar panels, 2) LFP battery chemistry vs NCM and 3) the Enphase system creates a whole-house micro-grid when the grid is down. After batteries I'm planning to add rainwater capture. Ground source heat pump is also under consideration when the current heat pumps need replacement. Re: Heat pumps ... If you are already planning to drill a well you should do a deep dive into ground source heat pumps for heating, A/C, and pool heating. Based on the minimum possible research (Symbiont Service Corp Youtube channel) it looks like you can combine central heat, A/C, hot water, and pool heat with a closed-loop ground source heat pump and a lot of plumbing. Also, no plumbing on the roof. You could even include hot water for the Studio House.
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  2935. Great video. I am a subscriber and am a fan of the channel. I found the video on why tesla cars are the safest very insightful and interesting and I look forward to more videos. The only thing I would respectively have a different opinion on is, I think that solar panels are a much better as an investment than suggested at 6:00. In my view comparing it to the Nasdaq (or the stock market) is not a fair comparison as it is much risker than solar panels and returns vary significantly even over 8 year periods. For the period in question the Nasdaq performed better but over other periods the Nasdaq has performed worse (Someone who invested over a 8 year period in 2005 would have lost money (the Nasdaq declined from ($42.28) 2nd December 2005 to ($38.55)13th December 2013. The value of solar panels also does not experience sharp drops of 1/3 to 1/2 in short periods of time. The level of risk with Solar Panels is much more like US government bonds or Bank savings accounts. (I.e. a steady consistent return). It compares favourably to them in the current low interest rate environment (if you live somewhere sunny like California). Maybe you could compare them in a future video. As an investment, solar panels also offer asset class diversification, as they are an independent asset class. The output from the solar panels does not correlate with returns from the stock market, bonds, or housing, reducing risk in a portfolio. The Solar Panels may also add to the overall value of the house. I live in Northern England and would love to have solar payback after 5 years, but unfortunately the payback time if I am at home all day is 18 years. If I am out until 4 most days there is no pay back (i.e. its longer than the warranty term of 25 years), so its very much location dependant.
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  3012. Experts has always under-estimated change. And when it comes to AI, just look at what happened w chess and Go. W enough varied and quality data the progress always surprises on the upside. I agree, competition is going to come from AI companies like Google, Apple, Amazon, CommaAI, Microsoft, etc. Legacy auto will not be able to compete on price w ICE based robotaxis and higher prices solutions added to their vehicles. I think you are missing the cost aspect here. Technology wise, there will be competition. Tesla is following Apples script. And if legacy auto + some AI company is Android, they will be fighting for the crumbs (un terms of profitability). Teslas advantage w EV and Autonomy is more cost than technology. 4680 tabless dry-electride high silicone anode cells and castings w structural pack will give Tesla a tech advantage again. Teslas FSD computer is a specific solution that is efficient, optimal and cheap. The rest if the industry use power-hungry inefficient general purpose solutions from NVIDIA (and possibly others). Their power consumption is too high to work in EVs and their cooling requirements are not practical for a mobile solution. Designing a chip like Teslas is easy and anyone can do it (and they only designed a small part if it). But you need demand for a million units to make it cost effective. No one will do it bcz they think Teslas solution won't work. Once Tesla has proven their solution others will follow. As for regulations, if the cars prove safe enough they won't require more safety devices. But over time there will be changes. The one sure thing is hardware requirements will change over time. However not one regulator makes all the decisions, so Tesla could operate in many places under different requirements/regulations. Cars won't have to communicate like air traffic control. Humans don't have central control today and we drive pretty good Planes is a bad comparison to cars in this respect. There already are 'exams' autonomous cars have to pass to get licensed. The 'eye exam' is another bad example and irrelevant. I think the test requires prove of driving accident free for x hours and y miles. If you can do that, it means the sensors are up to scratch. Humans sit just in front if the B pillar and can manage fine. Yes, wr can lean forward, but you assume Tesla engineers would have made this elementary mistake is reaching IMO. I believe the side-vision issue is more a NN/AI or processing issue (not all the cameras are running on their own NN currently but it is coming w v9) and not a vision/sight issue. Good vid overall and solid roundup of relevant issues/ideas.
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  3024. This Video is a reasoned and Well considered look at geothermal energy. There are two other technical reasons why it is currently under used. These are 1. Thermal conductivity of the crust and 2. The use of water as the extraction medium.. The first problem is that rock can only conduct so much heat per second. In the 1970's Icelandic engineers discovered that their expensive extraction vents were drying up! The cause was found to be the over extraction of heat from the underlying rock. Subsurface temperatures plummeted and slowly regained their original levels only after extraction was halted. Further expansion of the wells surface area temporarily relieved the problem but to this day the wells have never achieved their expected extraction performance. The problem with using water is that it boils at 100 degrees Celsius and this limits its use in liquid form. This is why steam is used instead. This is less efficient as the higher the steam temperature the lower the vapour density. or put another way, the hotter the steam, the fewer the water molecules per cubic centimetre can pass up a tube per second.. This increases vapour pressure but lowers effective thermal transfer as kinetic dispersion by the molecules via the conduit walls will cause energy loss. The problems can be solved by digging down to within 1Km of the Mohorovičić discontinuity layer and by using molten salt as the transfer medium but this introduces additional problems which the current state of technology is not ready for.
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  3090. Comments : -This video was interesting. I follow a lot of things about space, and I still learned enought to make it fun to watch. I did not consider anything about the size, or economies. -Why is the thermal scale (boiling point) from top to bottom ? That's confusing as fuck. You either need to put an axis, or stay with the standard 0K on bottom. I know that when programing usually the vertical axis origin is on top, but honnestly that too is pain in the ass except with good APIs. -The starting thing about gravity and equation leads to wrong interpretation. That's not because satellites/starship are in high in Low earth orbit, so gravity is smaller that they don't have to have lot of fuel. Earth radius is 6300km. LEO is somewhere from 160km to 1000km. So taking the "big" number is like 6300km to 7300km, leading to a decrease of only ~30% (i.e. on earth surface, gravity is 30% more than at 1000km altitude). The key here is being in ORBIT which is moving REALLY fast without anything to push (no air to propel yourself). Thus you rely only on newton's third law, and propulsing your own mass (fuel combustion byproducts) with. That's why when talking about space travel, you are not talking about distances, nor time, but about the speed change you have to achieve (delta-v) for a given path. I don't remember the exact numbers, but getting to orbit a body is like half the power (delta-v) needed to get away from it NO MATTER the gravity, or object mass. Thus, once in orbit, as you jettisoned all conteners and fuel to get there, you don't even have to get the same work to go away. I did some research for illustration purposes, according to wikipedia, LEO is around 7.8km/s orbital velocity. And earth escape velocity (speed needed to escape earth gravity) is 11km/s. Thus, going into earth orbit is like doing 2/3 of the job (delta-v you remember ?) before escaping its gravity (that's why you jettison first stages, and second stages). Fun fact : I did not know anything about this like 4 years ago before playing kerbal space program. That's where I learned that orbital physic, manoeuvers and shit are REALLY REALLY different from physic on earth, even if that's the same underlying equations. When considering orbital manoeuvers, especially if you consider the earth point of view, you are not in a newtonian model anymore. That's confusing, and beautifull. And complicated. Especially when talking about gravity assists.
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  3496. so, This NEEDS to be said. efficiency and what is ultimately better is a much more complex answer than simply switching your stove. i understand the environmental push and everyone wants a greener solution, but please don't mislead the audience on limited facts. ANY electric stove is 100% efficient - but... the electricity getting to the stove is far from it. Generation is usually lower voltages 5-24kv and then losses occur at the initial step up transformer (GSU). voltages are again boosted across TRANSMISSION for distances and lower losses. Then again, its stepped down to a distribution transformer (4-13kv) to be transported by local poles in your neighborhood. At last, its stepped down AGAIN to your common household voltages 120-240 ,by way of pole transformer. EVERY transformer has loss, every connection has loss, and it's exceptionally hard to answer how much, short of all data points. Gas has similar setup, but the actual GAS itself is not lost.(i don't want to get into natural gas transmission) is one or another better for the environment? honestly -i don't think we have crossed that point yet. If your mission is pure green and efficiency then pick up a MICRO Combustion turbine (multi-stage or burn) and use natural gas to generate your own electricity. its a demand as need setup, and burns the cleanest of any fuel. But this is impractical and sadly most people continue to think an electric stove is better for the environment without looking at every aspect that's involved.
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  3628. Your science of the ozone layer is quite a bit off. First off the ozone in the ozone layer has a half life of about 3 days. If it stops being produced it will be gone in a couple weeks, no CFCs needed. The UVC in sunlight is what creates it, and in large amounts, enough to continuously replenish the natural decay. The amount of UVC hitting the atmosphere is enough to produce way more ozone than we see because the ozone produced in the upper atmosphere is enough to shield the lower layers, it is in equilibrium. The concentration of ozone is directly proportional to the intensity of sunlight, more sunlight, more ozone, less sunlight, less ozone. As a matter of fact the concentration of ozone above you decreases every night and goes back up in the morning. Since the polar regions have months without any sunlight, the ozone completely disappears over the poles every year, a real live "hole in the ozone layer" but it is completely natural. The south pole is worse because it gets much colder (no ocean under Antarctica) this causes microscopic ice crystals to form in the upper atmosphere which act as catalysts ripping ozone apart, thus the south polar "hole" takes a lot longer to recover in the spring, the air has to heat up enough for the ice to melt. This equilibrium of ozone and sunlight is a buffered system, you can increase the ozone decay rate (such as from CFCs) and it makes very little difference. The problem is that if the decay rate gets high enough to be greater than the rate sunlight can create it the system goes out of equilibrium and the entire ozone layer would be gone in a few weeks and there would be nothing we could do to stop it. The amazing thing here is that the response was swift and effective. And probably DID save the human race. Even though almost everyone had (and still does) a completely wrong idea of what is going on. BTW CFCs and cousins are completely unreactive with ozone, the problem is they are so stable they slowly float into the upper atmosphere where the UVC is much higher intensity and that rips the molecule apart freeing the flourine, which is a catalyst that destroys ozone. So we replace an incredibly stable molecule (otherwise known as "safe" compound, you can breath it, eat it and it doesn't harm you) with things that are slightly harmful but get destroyed in the lower atmosphere were the by products can't harm ozone.
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  3686. Only just found you - very impressed and subscribed. I particularly liked the basketball court image - even a space nerd like me didn't realise just how big Starship is! But, I do have one worry about all this. Starship (+SH), amazing as it is, is still 'only' a means of transport, and, as long as it is justified by reference to Mars colinisation, we need to bear in mind that there's a hell of a lot more to simply getting people to Mars, let alone living there long-term. Leaving aside problems like getting Starship human-rated, and developing the massive life-support systems that will be required, there's the radiation (not just on the way, but on Mars itself), the poisionous soil (no growing potatoes in that!), and all the technical difficulties of fuel manufacture, habitat construction, etc, and, of course, the cost (Starlink isn't going to pay for all this!) - never mind the politics! But, most significant of all, there's the gravity - or rather the lack of it. And I don't mean just on the way there and back (although that long in zero-G is bad enough), but on Mars itself. We have evolved over millions of years in a 1G environment, and it's highly unlikely that we'll be able to survive long-term in a 1/3G one. Maybe we'll be able to cope with it for months or even years (although returning to 1G after years on Mars could literally be lethal), but I seriously doubt that we'll be able to colonise Mars because we won't be able to conceive and raise children there. Don't mention this to Musk, because I'm enjoying the Starship ride, but I don't think we ever will be a multi-planet species. We are Earthborn, and, I'm afraid, it will turn out that we also Earthbound.
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  4136. Ricky: I have enjoyed all of your videos that I have watched. I guess you could call me a frustrated hippie, I graduated H S in 69 but became an engineer. However, I have always had this Mother Earth News side to me, thinking about how to do things better. Elon has the drive and the resources to do what I would have loved to. He has a company that can quickly put together needed items like the ventilators. Very admirable. However, don''t ever think that the old U S industrial giants can't do the same thing. I was part of that for many years, there are a lot of forward thinking highly intelligent people working for old school companies ran by bean counters. The fastest way to drive innovation out of a company is to put a bean counter (Roger Smith) in charge. However, rewind to WWII, the arsenal of democracy. Ford, GM, Chrysler, and the rest of the industrial base of the US won that war. That get it done spirit is still there, as witnessed by the call to arms issued as a response to our latest crisis. Tesla was not the only company that jumped on the bandwagon. Living near Detroit, which was the center of the arsenal of democracy, that same spirit was alive and well in Michigan's commercial and industrial companies. With the right leadership, these organizations can perform equally as well as Tesla, we need to clone Elon to lead more of our companies and get government out of the way and let these companies fly. Challenge them, they will excel. I don't blame you for your admiration of Tesla, I'm with you. Just don't count out the US industries, I know what they can do.
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  4423. In December last year I tried to buy Bolt in Canada and didn't due to very long delivery time. Now I am glad I didn't. I ended up leasing Corolla for 2 years. I still beleive that Bolt would be a good choice from many aspects. It has many good things going on. Electric performance, equipment, built quality, availability, service and other details. However I can't get over design, doesn't matter how hard I try. Also seats are quite bad. Too thin, too small with plastic frame that cuts into the sides. Why electric car must look like small, dinky, somewhat futuristic vehicle? Yes why? Also I am afraid of small cars because I consider them unsafe. Any crash or collision with regular sized car must produce wrecked small car due to shear lack of size and metal construction. For that reason I wouldn't use Smart car under any circumstances. Back to design. Why manufacturer can't take let's say BMW 325 vehicle and convert it into full electric car? GM for that matter has a "regular" looking cars that could be a huge success given conversion to full Bolt technology platform. But no. They had to take side road and created unlikable car. GM makes cars long enough to understand that person will not buy a car that he/she hates when approaching every day to go somewhere. BMW had to make i3 with similar results. Not selling at all. Not based on being a bad car but based on freaky design that nobody likes. While writing this in YouTube there are several other videos suggested on the right side. Some of the cars are even worse than Bolt. One I see is actually in a tricycle shape with 2 wheels up front and single in the back. Needless to say I wouldn't get caught dead in something like that! Technology may be a top notch but design is total failure! Price point is totally irrelevant. For those reasons when you see both cars side by side, like in this video, Tesla 3 and Bolt there is no contest what buyer will get. Tesla wins hands down every time. For approximately same money why would I buy an ugly car? Something that I have to force myself to like and use? Why they didn't simply take Cruz which will not win beauty contests but is decent looking car and loaded it with Bolt technology? I hope Tesla will improve build quality and delivery times by the time when I am ready for the next car. It will be a model 3 for me.
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  4586. Has anyone ever pounded the side of their vehicle with a sledgehammer and left nothing but a smudge or thrown a hand grenade size steel ball at the side window of their car? I'll bet it didn't bounce off. Or, if it did, the next one would sail right through where the safety glass used to be. This disruptive technology is making the corporate press reach for their brown trousers! GM needs to end for killing the EV1. It was love at 1st sight for us. Ordered the dual-motor immediately. This is all the vehicle we will ever need here in rural Canada or on road trips. Range anxiety will be zero because the infrastructure for charging will catch up very quickly once everyone notices that there are already power lines running along the side of almost every road in the country. That's what those telegraph poles are also used for folks. I will be very happy to pass the gas station. That will be almost $400 a month (@ > $4 a gallon) of dough paying for our vehicle and the solar panels powering our home that would have been blowing out the tailpipe. Do the math over 25 years. Also, I can'i drill and refine my own oil, but I can put up solar panels and wind turbines to charge at home. I can also make enough ethanol to run an emergency generator that will easily fit into the back of my truck along with the promised solar panel package. A trailer for carrying 12' long sheets of drywall is a stress-free solution for me now because I could never back up a trailer without crunching something even if my life depended on it. Hello auto-docking! Order now before it's too late to get yours in this run.
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  4696. I just demolished and filled in my pool as the first step of my current remodel. The 17K-gallon kidney-shaped pool was too small for serious swimming, and too large to use as a hot tub. Over the decades I had replaced the pump and filter, with the filter being grossly oversized to reduce backpressure and thus allow a smaller pump to do the job. A fiberglass liner was added to slash chemical use (by 90%!), later shifting over to a "salt pool" with an electrolyzer. When the liner was being installed, I also replace the pool lights with color changing LED units, which was another energy gain, plus fun for parties. Also tried multiple cover systems, from bubble wrap to a trampoline, each of which had major tradeoffs. Despite all the time and money invested, I wasn't ever satisfied with the results. Plus, due to a hill in my back yard (starting to drop away just 10' from the back door), my pool was in the front! It essentially consumed 80% of the available yard, largely preventing many other yard uses. One reason for my remodel is to make my home and property pet-friendly, and I'll want my future dog to have a great yard. (I'll get a kiddie pool, if needed.) The inexpensive bubble-wrap cover did a fantastic job of heating the pool, but aged quickly and was a hassle to take on and off. The trampoline cover was safest by far, but was even more of a hassle to take on and off. A simple tarp cover on a wide spool was the compromise that worked best overall. Best moves overall were the fiberglass liner, salt system and big filter / small pump. Plus, I live in San Diego! It takes me 20 minutes to get from my front door to feet wet in the ocean. Way, WAY better than any pool, and is one of the main reasons none of my pool solutions ever seemed worth it to me. YMMV, for sure.
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  4936. I’ve said this before, but they could hire, or buy the tunnel mining equipment from Elon Musk, to place a series of tunnels across the US, to pipe it to areas that are in a constant drought, … create, and build water treatment facilities to re-facilitate, a disbursement of flood waters, from storms and snow melt, flooding , … in order to refill, and replenish the needs of the regions that the pipelines will establish, and reestablish, in areas affected by drought, … storage of water, ie: freshwater supplies that can be found, and done in underground reservoirs, … And to utilize aqua farming techniques to allow siphon transference of waters across the country, instead of having to rely on electrical pump stations to move the waters more effectively, … and having the creation of moving mass amounts of water over weeks, we could effectively move the same amount in a matter of days, … theses underground pipelines would have to route around any natural, disorders in the continental plates like by passing Yellowstone, as we will have to mine tunnels at least with a 6 foot, compliance shaft, and with effective ballast plates, & panels to adjust the flow rates in order to achieve a longevity to the wall structures of the pipelines, as with any type of material, being pumped through a line, the integrity of wall materials will be under the stresses of some forms of pressures, and the movement of any materials through such conveyances will have an imposed limit of the co-efficient, of friction, … as travel through such materials will congregate forces of water, versus unknown, wall materials, … so to achieve a maximum volume, a standardizing of wall materials will need testing, & maintenance, even if it is only being monitored by relay sensors, … with a visual inspection in order to maintain, a constant flow projection, and if manned, visual inspections are required, then lock out procedures must be followed thusly, as to avert any type frame, &/or form of catastrophe, … and waters from the source shall be required to be channeled to different areas/regions, with the beginning of a lock out situation, … prior to entry by manned inspectors, …
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  4957. Very good video! As a former programmer and econometrist, I can relate to anything Two Bit da Vinci says here. It is 100% accurate and really hits it on the nail. Volkswagen is producing EV's for storage in the hope it can put software in later. Its CEO said in March 2020 (Bloomberg) his US$55 billion commitment to EV was just to keep up with Tesla and may not even be enough. Other car companies are conducting huge Public Relations campaigns to show they are on the ball with EV but they are miles behind. There are also THREE OTHER FACTORS THAT WILL MAKE TESLA WIN. 1. Tesla has been integrated with other advanced companies like Spaxe-X, the Boring Company, and Solar City. 2. The third factor is that Tesla exists to create a better world. GM and Ford exist to earn big bucks for its board members. (Proof? Try to listen to the lunatic anti-Tesla rants of Bob Lutz, the biggest big shot of GM.) 3. And the fourth and possibly most important factor is that all Tesla's cars on the road sent data streams to Tesla HQ where Deep Learning systems with Artificial Intelligence are processing everything in order to learn and detect anything that needs improvement. That massive fleet with its Niagara waterfalls of daily information is not available to any other motor car company. Tesla's insight in what is happening in the world of automotive transportation is second to none. And all these things are INVISIBLE to the naked eye which means that old school board members like Lutz do not pay attention to it much or think it is not important. They see a car, not a highly sensitive computer on wheels. Lutz makes a huge mistake.
    2
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  5220. Vehicle balance is a matter of design intent and preference. Taking Rear Midship Rear (RMR) drive cars for example, the bulk of the operating mass is toward the rear to make the front of the vehicle much more responsive for maneuvers. We will see a LOT of this comparison when the RMR Corvette comes out and is compared to the C7 Corvette, which has its engine in the Front Midship (FM or FMR) position, to that end. Having an evenly spread out weight distribution reads as advantageous and in most vehicles, seeking stability, it is. The Vehicle is much less apt to twitch change direction with a perfectly distributed weight. So any such car is not going to be the best at cutting corners. Even Front or Front midship cars have the ability to use their often somewhat lighter rear ends to induce over steer that makes harder maneuvers ever. I say "often" as the Dodge Viper, for example, was actually "tail heavy" its balance was more like RMR sports car. In fact, most sports and GT cars today, while more closely 50/50 balanced are still either lighter to the front or the rear allowing more dynamic driving techniques and strategies to be used... just not to teh same weaponized degree and more deliberately unbalanced cars like the Porsche 911, Ferraris 488, among others. The Lower Center of Gravity (CoG) is always desired, but in practice there is such a thing as too low, as it makes it harder for the vehicle to "dig" into a corner to better use its tires for grip and handling. Finally, a higher curb weight is NEVER better. More weight stressed suspension and chassis parts. It taxes the tires and brakes more. It also demands MROE weight to support more weight. But on the up side, a heavier vehicle is somewhat easier to setup of a more comfortable ride, and you have more weight on the tires top facilitate more grip from a standing start, great for drag racing. Future Sports cars will be very reluctant to use large amounts of batteries if they can actually avoid it simply because of the weight. If anything we may see more cars like the Koenigsegg Regera, which has one of the most evenly blended and stunning effective Hybrid drive systems currently in existence on this planet.
    2
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  6094. ICE Vehicles grills are more an affectation of styling and shockingly do not need to be so big. This is not merely about trucks, whose grills have mostly become ridiculously, cartoonishly, huge and ornate. To be fair, the new RAM Grill looks great and is not at all overlarge. Probably works great aerodynamically as well. If you recall, just as an example, early Ford Taurus and Mercury Sable sedans. These did not have very large grills with only moderate sized lower opening, not any larger than what is seen on BEVs now, for cooling. Teh Famous "blocked grill" look. If you look in the engine bay of most modern vehicles, the air intake box is often positioned and opened very close to the front (or outside) of the car. This is so it can get the most outside air and be free of ambient engine temperatures inside the engine bay. As a result, most of the grill is NOT needed for engine air or cooling.  The lower intake often seen on most vehicles now is more than enough and a small grate or slot is more than enough for engine air intake. Tesla's lack of a grill looks awful because it looks like someone forgot to remove the protective cover. It looks bad, generic as a white can with only the word "beer" on it and is easily to most unattractive part of a Tesla's exterior. Next, Drag is misused by seemingly everybody, even trained experts of aerodynamics. Drag is essentially the vacuum force generated by an object exiting a given volume of air or space or air. This is the force of the air trying to get back to where it was or filling in the vacuum space behind the object. This force of drag increasing both with speed of the object and the size and shape of the area creating drag. In regards to the Grill, you are thinking of Wind Resistance (WR), a somewhat figurative name that describes how much the air or wind, felt as movement through air, resists being moved out of the way and/or increases the difficulty of and object to move into or through a given volume or space of air. Grills create a good amount of WR. However most grills, even huge ornate ones, often produce far less WR than their visible area entails. This especially as most grills have slats and grating that block and deflect so much incoming air as to reduce the effective area. Modern aerodynamic theory and practice actually has the fairly frequent habit of rendering huge, gaping, "fish mouth", grills as near zero impact on the vehicles aerodynamics at speeds the vehicle would not try to take flight at. Grills are largely retained because unless you just like having utterly generic looking vehicles (looks at Tesla), then grills are not going completely away, if at all. "When all vehicles have the same features and capabilities, the remaining defining attribute is design." - Peter Delorenzo (Paraphrase). Yes, people are still attached to them, the car makers and the people who buy them. They are needed for various functions, but do not need to be so big. But in the end People want their car to look like something, not like nothing. Tesla gets away with it best they are the only ones doing it. Leave the to it. To Everyone else, find their own solution. It is never simple or easy, it only looks like it because it has been so developed over so long a time, it is taken for granted.
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  6391. OK I'm a little confused on the comparison at time index 3:00. Why compare an Electric Tesla Sudan with one of the worst gas guzzling vehicles that probably only gets about 20 mpg and weights far more than the Tesla. You should be comparing it with a Tesla Truck no the Sedan. The two vehicles shown have totally different purposes, a Sport Utility doesn't have to same role as a Sedan nor it intended to. If you're going to compare two vehicles at least rate it by vehicle interior space, passengers and cargo carrying capacity in weight. per MPG. Why not compare it with a Toyota Yaris that gets 42 mpg and has about the same interior space as the Tesla? Don't forget Hybrids too, they charge while you drive and don't take 40 minutes to fuel at the 300 mile stop. It seems you're comparison is comparing the best with the worst. Also how about figuring how much Fossil Fuel it takes to generate the electricity to charge that Tesla into the MPG as well? After all that electricity didn't just appear out of thin air, even if it was Solar, that currently only makes up a very small percentage of electricity put on the grid. Now I'm all for EV's but if we're going to do some comparisons let's not compare a Diesel Locomotives MPG to a Toyota Yaris to prove our point. Comparison should be based on similar models, purpose, range, weight and occupancy per mpg, including the Fossil Fuel MPG figured into the Kilowatt used to charge an EV at home for the average person's ability to charge one. Good video though and I enjoyed it. I look fwd to the day we can fuel them at the same cost per mpg and time as a gasoline vehicle. Currently as a WHOLE the electric vehicle is nothing more than a novelty in it's ability for everyone to have one and be charged by the current electric grid. Simply meaning if everyone had one and charged them based on what economically available to the public, we simply couldn't afford it nor would the Electrical Grid be able handle it right now. Best Wishes & Blessings. Keith Noneya
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  6521. Cool Video Ricky! I work in the airline industry, and we are right in the middle of replacing our handheld Halon 1211 fire extinguishers for what is branded as HALOTRON fire extinguishers, which is a non Ozone depleting alternate fire extinguishing agent. The chemical formula is 2,2-Dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane mixed with Tetrafluoromethane... Whatever that is LOL! According the Montreal Protocol, which was adopted by the ICAO unchanged, we will have to replace all handheld Halon 1211 fire extinguishers before the end of 2024. 3 extinguishers per Boeing 737, that are a lot of extinguishers to replace! But imagine the worldwide fleet of commercial aircraft, that are tens of thousands of extinguishers that need to be replaced the coming 2 years. We already have replaced all tiny fire extinguishers in the lavatories, these are to supress a fire in the waaste receptacle. For the fixed fire extinguishers in the engines and cargo holds we still have some time to replace them, in new aircraft they are already banned. Btw, did you know that Halon 1211 and Halon 1311 are already forbidden to produce for decades? Since 1995 or so Halon is no longer produced and all Halon in scrapped extinguishers is recovered and hold in Halon Banks at many places around the world so it can be reused in new produced extinguishers.. At some point these Halon Banks will start to destruct this halon into other chemicals, used in the chemical industry. The Airline industry has had an exception of using Halon, because there were no alternates that worked as good as Halon. but the coming years this will also come to an end and good enough alternate fire extinguishing agents have been developped.
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  6556. Dude, love your videos. You asked for suggestions? OK. As to economics and engineering of cars, electronics and the HD DVD vs Blue-Ray format war. You're comparing Apples and Rubik's cubes, let alone two fruits that at least both grown on a tree. FYI. I drive a 14 year old 4.3l V-6 full size pickup. Ford C-Max Energi went away after lease. Why don't I drive a new more efficient vehicle? Too expensive. Laying off the regulations eases pricing pressures putting newer, more efficient vehicles in reach. Would I Love and prefer and electric pickup? Yes. Is that what I'm going to get next? Nope. Been waiting, but the required factors have not come into place nor will they for 10, more broadly, 20 years. Regular improvements over time is always the best case. Next a 2.3L Ford Ranger. Nearly halved my displacement and 40% better fuel efficiency still does the same job as the full size rig. Since I'm retired due to a... er uh uhmmm a car crash... I"m thinking a 2nd hand Nissan Leaf for my run around. Basically what the POC Zap car/truck I bought in 2007 was hoping to be. The ICE is dying out all on it's own via consumer choice: The ultimate arbiter of everything that succeeds in the consumer market. Big leaps forward don't happen overnight.... At least not until: 1. Prices come down to mainstream affordability. 2.Models gain broad mainstream market acceptance 3. Infrastructure is fully built out. This is from a guy who bought a SLA battery powered ZapTruck in Portland OR in 2007. Biggest pieces of crap ever, but consumer demand was there. I might humbly suggest doing a lot more research into automotive, economics, electronics and history before making such broad statements. Nothing any POTUS does is going to help or hurt Ford, GM, Tesla or anything else in the end. Never has nor will. ONLY the consuming public decides with their wallets. EDIT: PS. Read Tim Ferris's books. Solid dude. I suggest Freakanomics I & II by Levitt & Dubner. Two favorite geopolitical analysts: Check out Peter Zeihan (righty) and Mark Blyth( lefty) Those two guys lectures say it all. Go back a decade or so. See what they were saying. Cheers.
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  6600. Perfect timing for me, I have never heard of Earthships being described as Net Zero houses before. I have always thought of it as a desert based architectural style. Why are you growing grass & cutting it short. As a demonstration tool that you can "tech" your way to a classic green lawn in the middle of the desert it has a value, but as a use of space & resources its barking. A far better choice would be to look at the work of Geoff Lawton either with his work in Jordan or at his home farm in Australia where you can learn about the creation of food forests so that you may never have to buy food again, as a constant stream of food is available to both your family but also to your animals that can in turn contribute to your freezers. If you want grass, switching the grass your using to a deep rooting, high growing nitrogen fixing grass would be a good start, preferably one that has San Diego local wild seed spread amongst it. You ideally want to be growing as diverse a set of wilderness seeds you can, so your lawn can adapt to whatever the local conditions in that few square foot/inches see. There are grasses that are good at punching down through layers of clay creating deep tap routes up to 10 feet long, this means they can also grow upto 5 - 10 feet tall i.e perfect for cutting & dropping, which then will rot into deeper/thicker soil. Even better would be to keep chickens or if you have the space - pigs that you can feed on your kitchen waste. Chickens & pigs are great at completing the symbiosis with grass that forms the basis of carbon filled soil manufacture. Why do you want carbon heavy soil? Because the more carbon that is captured the closer to peat it becomes & what's as so good about peat - its constantly wet year round due to the amount of rain water it captures. And if your land is constantly wet even in summer, your garden remains cool & pleasent year round. This results in reducing the energy bills both in the summer & in the winter. Why? Because water retains heat in the winter (water stores heat much better than dry soil) but in high heat evaporates off cooling the land. This then creates an environment around your house that leads to lower use of your whole house heat exchanger that gives you heating in winter & air conditioning in the summer. If your looking at rebuilding your home you really want to be talking to Matt Risingher & his YouTube channel & external Build show website. Matt whilst based in Austin Texas goes all over the country, he is generally focused on the building Trade & knows a lot about Building Science, such as perfect Wall & achieving almost total control of emissions into & out of a house, whilst using air & heat exchangers so your house is constantly filled with fresh air at the perfect temperature 24/365. If you want further recommendations do ask, their is an immense amount of YouTube resources & Creators available. We as a planet have the ability right now to stop & reverse climate change to where we were before the start of the agricultural revolution in less than 30 years. We already know enough that in 30 years time we might be opening up coal based power stations due to a lack of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere!! Looking forward to learning & sharing with you over the years to come, will Matt be joining you for a Boston perspective?
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  6677. Love what you observed: "Japanese turn everything into an art." So true! So wonderful! Re the USA, I notice that tourists who visit Disneyworld Resorts in Florida are fully safe staying in their Disney hotel rooms during a hurricane. Meanwhile ordinary Florida homes are torn down by the hurricane winds. Which points to the fact that hurricane proof houses should be the building regulation norm in Florida, and also points to the fact that ordinary homes are far too weakly constructed. While the Japanese constantly improve their home construction standards. How wise the wonderful artistic Japanese, and how brilliant and wonderful Disney is! Just many building laws in the West - Europe and America - need to catch up. My house here in England was built with about a million other very similar homes by the British state between approximately the 1930s and the 1950s, and this one in particular should have had ten foot of hardcore compacted above ground level to avoid this house, and thousands of similar homes, having damp floors and walls downstairs. Pretty well my whole street has had collapsing downstairs floors due to the homes having been built too near the clay of the foundational alluvial plane here. And in modern times, have we learnt? Of course not! We continue to build tens of thousands of homes on land that can flood, land that should be raised above the highest flood level with modern earth moving machinery. Simple. Thus, another factor of Japan's awe inspiring and beautiful approach to home construction and building laws is that of Japanese pragmatism. For example, if the Japanese ran Florida they would make sure that all the buildings were as safe as the wonderful Disney hotels are in a hurricane. And, if the Japanese ran the UK they would make sure that new buildings were built on ground that had been raised above the potential flood level. Too beautifully simple for us to imagine. So obvious for the artistic pragmatism of Japanese vision.
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  6721. Took you guys long enough to figure this one out I've been thinking of it for 25 years and simple terms if you look at a couple of easy structures one is following railway lines take the Chicago to California main line the gradient on that you know exactly what it is to a fraction of an inch pumping can also generate electricity on the way down as the hydrostatic pressure needs to be slowed otherwise it'll blow everything to hell up the other end the same token let's keep it simple so if you turned around and redirected part of the Mississippi through or for that matter will take lake Michigan direct it through across Nevada into lake Mead how long would it take to fill it up.?? The next thing is we look at the waste gross waste of water portable water in Arizona approximately 17 years ago I suggested to a salt River project power company engineer that instead of having evaporation ponds why don't you put it under water into cisterns to save it all it does is cause more humidity in the summertime when you don't want it you'd save the water it would be easily filtered for potable water thankfully I think it's two years ago now they started putting in the large cisterns in Gilbert and areas of Phoenix but like you guys are 20 years behind the time here I would guesstimate that 45% of the toilets in residential use in the Phoenix area are 5 gallon flushes! That means when someone goes and takes a wee in the toilet they flush 5 gallons of potable water into the sewer system. The problem is the majority of the population don't even think twice of that when I was building houses in British Columbia next to a rainforest I started installing low flush toilets in the 90s that is the last century for conservation purposes and easing on the septic systems/sewerage processing place. To construct a pipeline even if it was temporary a basic rudimentary fix to the drought that plagues California Nevada and Phoenix and also by the time the Colorado gets to Mexico well it's a creek! Sadly , The Sea of Cortez used to go all the way up to Palm springs......yes it did. There are tens of thousands of swimming pools , and was clear witnessing and understanding I know that most of them aren't used every day! One of the excuses for draining the pool is it will crack my surface another reason for not putting a cover over the pool and sealing it down is I want to see it it looks pretty the most horrendous one is the people that want to have a water park in their backyard so once a week they invite their friends over have a crazy party so they can show off their incredibly expensive water park pool which is used for several hours evaporation is a lot worse than these and these are all just in the Phoenix area who's having evaporation rate per day (which is unbelievable! Phoenix is also one of the largest areas of fountains and water features going into developments etc University grounds. Rather despicable when you think about it what about using a very thin liquidated cooking oil with antifungalow in it
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  6760. I really enjoyed listening to your talk with Robert at the FullyCarged channel. Nice to see both channels collaborate. Starting off with this video I missed you have linked 0:14 campers tent to Charles Goodyear's discovery of rubber? Rubber was used prior in other applications and in 1823 Charles Macintosh was known for his method for making waterproof garment material by using rubber dissolved in coal-tar naphtha for cementing two pieces of cloth together making a waterproof raincoat and tent fabric. Also used in many other applications such as wellingtons, Boots, Gloves The Olmec Native Americans first invented rubber sometime before 1600 BCE. They developed methods to extract natural latex resin from the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis), and cure the latex resin into stabilized rubber using the (sulfuric compounds) of the morning glory in order to create some of the world's first waterproof textile fabrics using cotton and other plant fibers. Sorry but again I doubt this to be true 0:39 "Without his critical discover in 1839, Rubber as we know it today would never have existed!" After 1839 and until now humanity would still be using tireless wheels, Sole-less shoes and countless other products wouldn't exist without Charles Goodyear inventing rubber? Someone was bound to have had the same thought process as has been the case with many inventors not knowing anything about their invention had already been discovered sometimes decades before I steer well away from history claims with so many deviations in recent history and humanities unknown history before records began. Everything we know today could have existed many times before, Maybe even more advanced. Knowledge becomes uncertain and fades away over time, We probably know very little of anything that has existed in earths history According to some archives in 1839 Robert William Thomson used his knowledge of chemistry adding sulfur to rubber to make the rubber more durable (Sulfur vulcanization) which was demonstrated on wheels at the time of Charles Goodyear's first tire patent application. History is filled with smoke screens, So called trusted websites with our world's history are never providing the same information which is immoral not only to the inventors but to everyone. People should be thankful to all inventors and their contributions big or small but sadly that's never the case I have been watching your channel for many years now and love your content so thank you
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  6767. Congratulations on the new house. Always exciting. Sometimes daunting. One of the comments you made near the end was demonstrative... about capitalism and innovation. Implies you think anything that is not capitalism means there is no innovation. Perhaps you mean people need stability in their lives to have the time, space, and freedom to innovate. One really effective way to do this is to fully fund all education and provide healthcare for all (to name two of the hot button issues). This can easily be done through the existing tax system and getting rid of the for profit education and healthcare systems. Those things have been branded by the MSM as "socialist", but to me they just make sense. Imagine if people could move freely throughout the employment system without the fear and uncertainty of being tied to a job they hate because of the "good" health insurance they have. Getting rid of the for profit healthcare system actually increases personal freedom and employment mobility. The less time people have to spend on healthcare issues means more time for everything else in their lives, like innovating. Right now we have unknown people at all insurance agencies telling you which doctor you can and cannot see, long lines for all types of doctors, a big PCP shortage because there is not much profit in being a PCP as compared to specializing, and a myriad of intentionally confusing healthcare plans with an endless web of paperwork. It's a catastrophe, marketed under the guise of "freedom" and "capitalism".
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