Hearted Youtube comments on Sean Munger (@SeanMunger) channel.
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Thank you for this. I needed this so badly. I am from India. My mother has been in Amway since around 2003, when I was in my teens, into a group called Network 21. They're probably not as loud as Yager or Britt, but it's the same content. I have grown up in it, reading their books, listening to their tapes, going to their meetings. The Magic of Thinking Big, Think and Grow Rich, How to Win Friends and Influence People are books I was made to read and re-read, along with some Tony Robbins. Doug Wead was heard a lot through tapes and later CDs. The whole philosophy lead me to being a depressed adult. It's only in the past 4 years that I have been able to come out of it with professional help, and only now am I beginning to see with clarity what destruction this cult has wrought on my family. My mom still believes in the whole thing. It's impossible to have a sane conversation about it with her, because of all the apologetics that have been taught to her. When the mainstream media talks about Amway being a scam, they seldom know of the motivational side of things and how much harm it does. So I thank you, because I need some kind of closure with all of this, and knowing the history of this evil lies helps with that.
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Here's my little contribution to this bit of history. It was obviously not mentioned because the list itself is very extensive, but as an Argentine myself I'd like to mention a the participation of Argentina in the Gulf War which sticks like a sore thumb as one of two Latin American countries to take part of the Coalition (the other one being Honduras).
It was a bold, controversial and very unpopular political move by our then president Carlos Menem and our country's first (and to this day, most recent) military involvement since the Falklands/Malvinas War. It was all part of his plan to reignite and improve diplomatic relationships with the US and Europe (and pretty much everyone in NATO), the beginning of what is popularly referred to as the "carnal relationships" with the United States.
Around 500 troops, a destroyer, 2 frigates, 1 cargo ship, 2 helicopters (one destroyed) and 2 cargo planes were deployed to aid on the effort, under the name of Operation Bishop. The move had enough positive reaction by the big wigs at Washington that it led to the designation of Argentina as a Major Non-NATO Ally country.
More importantly, however, and more tragically as well, Argentina's involvement on the Gulf War is often considered to be one of the main reasons behind the 1992 terrorist attack on the Embassy of Israel in Buenos Aires and the 1994 attack to the Argentine-Israelite Mutual Association (AMIA in Spanish) which left 22 and 85 dead respectively. To date, the only terrorist attacks carried out in our soil by a foreign actor. Carlos Memem was son of Syrian immigrants and a Sunni Muslim-turned-Catholic, so there was a cultural aspect to it as well. To this day, no one has faced justice for these attacks.
It really amazes me how such a minuscule and overall irrelevant aspect of such a conflict can actually have so many repercussions that most people aren't even aware of.
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This presentation grabbed my attention especially because of the time frame. In the summer of 1982, I was invited to a meeting at the home of a good friend of mine. It was being held a couple or so days before the start of a sports tournament in our small town, an event my friend and I were both heavily involved in. I didn't press my friend on the details, but I assumed it was somehow related to the logistics of the tournament. A very well spoken man had driven, with his wife, some 80 or so miles in their brand new Rolls Royce to "draw the circles" and make the pitch for "the business." I was intrigued and eventually even hosted the same man to draw the circles for prospects in my own burgeoning "circle." I do remember a certain pressure to get the tapes and books. Since I was an undergraduate student in another state during the fall and spring, I was able to stave off the pressure by reiterating my status as a full-time college student. But like I'm sure a lot of others in Amway it soon became more work than I could manage. Even the 6-8 hours a week the circle-drawers talked about was too much for me in a small private college environment where I could not have followed through without jeopardizing my focus as a student. The money I spent getting into Amway wasn't a total waste, however. I did use the powder detergent to do my laundry. I wrote it off my naivete, and, as a result of my brief Amway experience, I have sense been able to recognize similar pyramid schemes and steer clear of them.
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An excellent presentation! The one important thing I think is missing is the Anglo-German naval arms race and its vital role in causing the UK to seek an understanding, if not an alliance, with France to oppose German territorial expansion in western Europe. While the Belgian treaty may have been the cause that roused the common people to support war, the vital interest the cabinet was most concerned with was keeping the German battleship fleet bottled up in Kiel - a German navy mostly limited to operating in the Baltic was not an existential threat to the British Empire, but a German battleship fleet based in Belgium or northern France, with free access to the Channel and the North Sea, absolutely was.
This is something the German government apparently failed to appreciate in the slightest: they expressed surprise that the UK would go to war over a "scrap of paper" (the Belgian treaty) without realizing that the UK was NOT going to war over Belgium, Belgium was just an excuse the Germans had given the British government to enter a war that they already knew they had to fight over the German naval threat.
Many historians regard that naval race as a terrible strategic mistake on the part of Kaiser Wilhelm (who had read Alfred Thayer Mahan's book more than was good for his limited intellect) because it transformed Germany from a continental power that was not much of a threat to British world interests into a potential world power that was the greatest threat to those interests. In the late 19th century, when Germany had no oceangoing navy to speak of, the British had regarded Russia as its main potential enemy, fearing a Russian push from its Central Asian provinces towards India. The prospect of German battleships poised to descend on the Home Fleet at a moment's notice made the Russian threat seem insignificant in comparison. But because the Germans had to spend most of their resources on their land army, while the British did not, it was inevitable that the British would win the naval race and consequently that the German navy would be just powerful enough to force the British to fight a war to keep it out of the Atlantic, but not powerful enough to win the war at sea or to deter the British from going to war.
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Very interesting.... In the late 1970's I got tangled up with Amway. Unlike most people, I was making a lot of money. How...? I was one of the few people making the tapes, I was the person that recorded, edited, and mass produced these motivational cassette tapes. The speakers were proud I was recording them, and they never even thought about why they didn't get paid for using their speeches on tapes. They would see the recording equipment and be flattered to be the subject of produced for sale tapes. They studio was next to the swimming pool....I was in the pool in a bikini, or less, while the tapes were in the duplicators. They would record a 90 minute cassette, both sides at once, in about 50 seconds. I would hear the 'clang' of the rewinding, get out of the pool, mix, rinse, repeat. We didn't bother selling soap, we only used it. Recorded two fading movie stars, one movie producer, and of course they were proud to be recorded. Before this in the early 1970's I almost got sucked in to Holiday Magic Cosmetics. This video surprised me because I did not know that the two were tangled up with each other. After recording hundreds of seminars, sometimes more than 3000 people, only the speakers claimed to be rolling in Amway success money. If you were not onstage speaking, it was highly unlikely that anyone had made any money. They seemed so disappointed that the brass ring never came their way. But the tape business was pulling in massive profits for us. We had close to 200 titles. A number of people saw the $5 bills flowing in at our tape table and said THEY should sell tapes instead of Amway products. They are correct. How many people can go to work in a bikini, 17 feet from my back door...? It took this video to show me how correct I was. These poor people were working so hard to succeed, not knowing they were running in a hamster wheel, never going anywhere. I was uncomfortable about it back then, but this video should me how bad it really was... I knew I was a lousy sales person and thought it was just me. I didn't know that no matter how good the others were at sales, the company had stacked the deck against them. I also knew that somehow the circles and arrows were actually zeros and daggers. Such sadness.
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OH…MY….GOD!!!!!
FINALLY!!!
Someone has finally put the undisputed truth out there that supports the conclusions I had come to.
Being 5 years old, and watching the Oswald Shooting on Sunday, waiting to go to church, (i thought THAT was the shooting of the president!) my mother had shielded my from all the news on Friday and Saturday.
My father worked for Lockeed, (maker of the U2 spy plane and other military projects) so for the rest of his life always believed someone (the Mafia) had done it.
Over the years I got into all his books on the subject and went down hundreds of rabbit holes and idiotic conspiracy theories.
I listened to all the 76 committee hearings, watched “EXECUTIVE ACTION” I was convinced THEY DID IT!
Then… in the 90s, a couple things happened. I read “CASE CLOSED” by Gerald Posner, and then WENT TO THE 6th FLOOR MUSEUM IN DALLAS!
By the time JFK came out I thought “this is ALL IDIOCY!” All conspiracies fall apart, most are complete nonsense, and we’ll, I WOKE UP!
But of course, the world is so seduced by conspiracies, that especially are so prevalent in today. The internet is idiocy on most things and dismiss real things that are going on in front of our faces.
THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR DOING THIS, laying it out in perfect detail.
So grateful! I’m joining everything you got!
Thank you, thank you thank you!!!!
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I think Coolidges inauguration so interesting. Partially because I traveled up to Vermont this August to see the centennial reenactment, starring Coolidges real great grandson, on the real site/homestead. Since the inauguration happened past 2 am, I, among a team of student debaters that had had a banquet there the prior day and other, typically older, people interested in the 100th anniversary, gathered around the house as they reenacted it at the exact time, once inside and once outside, so we could hear. It was a very cool experience. Within the next few days, I also attended a semi-reenactment of the church on the Coolidge property's eulogy for the dead president Harding. It was a bit morbidly humorous hearing that at the time there was the sentiment that he'd be as fondly remembered as the greats. In my opinion, Harding was our worst president. Not to say I don't like him, however. I tend to like the bad ones.
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Nicely done. I was hooked by Carlos Castaneda’s adventures back in ‘73 and continued to read him right up to the bitter end, more out of lurid fascination at the whole saga than credulous adherence to his fantastic claims, which, if taken as psychotropic Vaseline dreams, might have loosely passed as phenomenological reports. They never were convincing enough that I would follow him over a cliff. Delving into his sources, digging out the truth of the matter occupied me for years. I think the philosophic seeds strewn throughout his far flung yarns owe more to Gurdjieff, Karlfried Von Durkheim, Alan Watts and others than to a Yaqui Indian named Don Juan Matus. According to his ex-wife “Matus” was Castaneda’s favorite brand of port. Cheers! Tensegrity’s “magical passes” are clearly no more than rehashed Qi Gong—in fact his book “The Fire From Within” bears a dedication to his martial arts instructor. And having read, God help me, the “witches’” books as well, I believe those manuscripts were quite likely written by Castaneda himself in his tireless campaign to shore up the credibility of his mythos. The writing style reads exactly like his. Recently I went back and had a look at his writings from “Tales of Power” on (I have a whole file box stowed away in the garage) and found his schtick completely unreadable—just plain bad writing. Oh well, live and learn.
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as far as I'm aware, the reason Indy and his father are in Utah at the time is because Indy's mother had just passed away from Scarlet Fever and they were getting away or something or other. The Young Indy show starts with the Jones family traveling the world while his father tours universities and gives guest lectures, and this flashback scene takes place after they return home and before all the older-young Indy stuff during WWI and after. I also seem to remember them having family out there? In the episode where Indy joins up with Poncho Villa (Shoutout that one KotCS scene), Indy is on spring break and they are staying with his cousin's family but I seem to remember that being New Mexico? I'm sure there's a wiki article.
Anyways, the way I look at it is this is the period of time RIGHT after Indy's mother has died. The two men, Indy and Henry Jones Sr. are both grieving in their own way: Indy hits a self-righteous streak and looks for an excuse to beat people up and steal artifacts from grave robbers because they "Belong in a Museum" and his father dives OBSESIVLEY into Grail Lore (Perhaps as a coping mechanism post his wife's death, thinking perhaps it could return her to life or, if he had had it, he could have saved her from the fever). These conflicting "coping" mechanisms (very unhealthy, might I add) furthered the rift between the father and sun, Indy feeling like he was less important than people you had been dead for a thousand years in another country and Henry Sr. feeling like Indy left right when he got interesting.
Essentially, Utah was an escape and a sabbatical of sorts for the Jones family after the tragedy in the family and serves as a pretty vital narrative point for understanding the relationship between Indy and his father throughout the film. I don't think Henry was necessarily TEACHING anywhere at the time, especially since they had recently returned from a world-tour of sorts.
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I currently work in the WTC complex. I was in 1st grade living in New Jersey (close to where President Garfield died!) when 9/11 happened. I have vivid, core memories of being taken out from school before lunch on that day by my mother. To say the least, the modern effects of 9/11 are ever-present in my life.
In terms of things that stick in my mind from that time in my life, nothing comes close to 9/11 in terms of the wild, confusing emotions I felt on that day, let alone knowing a girl I was in elementary school with lost her father that day.
In my opinion, now, with 20+ years of hindsight and and my own interests in defense/military economics and contemporary history, I view 9/11 as the day the unipolar, post-Cold War “idyllic” 90s era of US global hegemony ended. The political, military, and economic decisions that came out of that day will likely be viewed as important as what happened at Fort Sumter or Pearl Harbor 100 years from now.
I will definitely be watching these videos with interest, and will strongly consider making this my first course purchase. I’ve enjoyed many hours of free entertainment on this channel, and your effort is not taken for granted, Sean.
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While I think it’s wrong to outright “deny” that a party switch occurred, I think that the party switch needs far more nuance and context than is often given. I wish you included this context within your video. (Or maybe make a dedicated video about it in the future)
1. Very few politicians literally switched their political parties. Only Storm Thurmond and half a dozen representatives literally switched to being republicans (and i believe one Republican switched to being a democrat). The vast majority of southern democrats remained democrats. George Wallace and Robert Byrd for example. ( this is not to deny wallace and Byrds major redemptive arcs on the issue of civil rights.) The vast majority of the switch occurred with voting constituencies and not the politicians themselves, which a lot of people who just hear “switch” don’t realize.
2. As outlined by “the rising Republican majority” the majority of “Deep South”southerners continued to vote for democrats throughout the Nixon and carter years. The majority of the voting switch during the 1968 and 72 elections occurred in the “peripheral south” which had undergone major industrialization during this period. The Republican Party, ever since the guilded age, had found favor among the middle class and industrialists due to their economic policies.
3. Voters in most southern districts, ever since the 1930s or 40s (I can’t remember the exact frame) began gradually turning away from the Democratic Party and began voting more and more for the republicans. And the south didn’t finally stop becoming more republican until the 1990s.
4. The 1956 civil rights act, the 1960 civil rights act, the 1964 civil rights act and the 1965 civil rights act all had a greater percentage of republicans voting in favor of it than democrats. This fact must be buttressed with the fact that the majority of civil rights leaders were democrats, and that the majority of democratic opposition to these bills were almost entirely from the south.
5. the Republican and democrat party held nearly the exact same policies and platforms before the civil rights act as after. (With the obvious exception of civil rights.) economic liberalism, fierce anti-communism, entitlement reform, a belief in “small government” and social conservatism were all republican Party policies since the 1940s. i think it’s also worth mentioning that the civil rights movement often allied itself with the anti-vietnam war protests, the labor movement, and the great society policies. MLK was a famous example of this.
6. The greater southern support for the Republican Party also came during the rise of the new left, the rise of brith control, the feminist movement (which was an antecedent to the roe v wade decision), the sexual revolution, the anti-vietnam war movement and its many anti-nationalistic implications, the further separation of church and state from the warren court, major reforms to policing, and the rise of cooperative federalism (this last change is obviously tied to civil rights, but is also tied to many of the economic programs from the Johnson administration.) All of these events, including the civil rights movement, helped push the majority Baptist, socially conservative, and majority white south to the Republican Party.
This is not to deny the existence of the southern party switch and a southern strategy and its relation to racism. However, I believe just saying “the parties switched over civil rights” is far too simplistic and lacks the necessary context your channel is known for.
I think it would be more accurate and interesting to say “due to the confluence of southern economic development, the rise of social progressivism, the anti-Vietnam war movement, and especially the civil rights movement, the major southern constituencies of the Republican and democrat parties gradually began to switch over the course of several decades.”
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I met Castaneda around 1994 up north México City, during a three day seminar about Transegrity, attended by hundreds of people, many of them younger than me, with lots of loyal women recieving and headed the "lessons" to visitors like me and "pupils" who payed a fee, the last day Castaneda himself held a talking and talked to a small group of press reporters --me among them. So, that is why I liked your video, Sean, since I somehow understand what you talk about in general, but those women dissapearing was something I didn't know, the theme here is treated very seriously here by you, congratulations 😮
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An interesting morsel here for you Sean. My mom's sister's husband, (aka my uncle) divorced my aunt in 1967, and married Kathy Lennon who was one of the four famous singing Lennon Sisters. (Lawrence Welk) On Wednesday Aug. 13th, 1969, only what? four days after the Tate/LaBianca murders, Lennon's father William, who was a golf teacher at a course near the Lennon home in Santa Monica, was going home for lunch that day at 'high noon'- (as the perp had described his premeditated murder of Bill Lennon in a previously mailed letter to the Lennon home), as he walked to his vehicle in the parking lot of the golf course, he was confronted my a deranged suitor of one of his singing daughters (Peggy), who shot and killed him right there. At the time of course, the area was on edge with the Tate/LaBianca killings, and this seemingly random murder in broad daylight, only added to the fright, as one could imagine.
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My grandfather was very introverted and only rarely did he connect with other people, especially in his early adolescence. However he did have one childhood friend, that was the man we knew as “Uncle John.”
Uncle John was, to put into practical words, a good lookin’ son of a gun. Blonde hair, blue eyes, sharp jawline and a smile that would attract the hot single moms in your area.
Uncle John would visit my grandfather often in the early 70’s, a bit after my mother was born. They would talk alone, sitting on two wooden chairs on the porch while eating ice cream. (Grandma didn’t allow alcohol anywhere near the house, he preferred ice cream was Rocky Road)
My mother had asked one time, “Where you coming from, Uncle John?” He would give a subtle yet vague answer, “Just comin’ up from town down south.” After he would part ways, my grandfather enlightened my mother with the reality of Uncle Johns’ whereabouts.
Uncle John was a Contra, “La Contrarrevolución.” Uncle John was also a CIA special agent, with a PHD in criminology. He would come up from Nicaragua after an armed conflict and head back home to the redwoods of California.
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They were even scamming Pearls, Emeralds and Diamonds!!!
I was in Amway when their first voice mail system was released. Someone accidentally mistyped my voice box number onto the list of top level distributors. For a while, I was receiving group voice messages intended only for the absolute top distributors. (These messages were sent right into our voice mailboxes, and were not missed phone calls.)
They talked about how at each "pin level" up the chain, the carrot would be dangled that at the NEXT pin level, you would actually be able to KEEP a substantial portion of the money you made instead of reinvesting it all back into the business - even at Direct, Pearl, Emerald and Diamond!!!
But it was all a scam. One memorable message intended only for Pearls and above detailed that if they were really serious about "Going Diamond" that they needed to put every penny back into their business. Also that they should lease expensive cars then lie and pretend they bought them for cash. And how couples would buy fabulous gowns and jewelry for the women to wear at rallies, then immediately take them back for refunds after the meeting.
A main argument was that they needed as much money as possible to fly anywhere in the country to "show the plan" if someone in their downline set up a meeting of new prospects, and to do motivational and training meetings for them. Then to fly internationally if they had downline in other countries.
Even new Diamonds were bait-and-switched. "Diamond is great, but don't back off until you reach Double Diamond!!!"
There was also the constant admonishment to invest as much as possible into buying the "tools" your group needed, especially tapes. Even if you bought vastly more than you could ever sell, that was still OK because you could give all the duplicates away to new distributors, and to your existing downline so they could give them away. They expected the higher pin levels to order thousands of dollars of tools so they could "grow their business faster."
The golden carrot was always moved just slightly out of reach. When you get to the NEXT pin level, THEN you could start living off your Amway income. And never quit your day job until you were a solid Pearl, or better yet, Diamond. You need that income to build your business.
I really wish I had recorded all those messages, but it never occurred to me at the time, and I still had too much loyalty back then to do anything that damaging to what I still thought was my future.
BUT, in spite of all that, I learned many important lessons and business techniques that, at 67, I have used and will continue to use for the rest of my life. For all the personal development and educational value I received, I wouldn't trade a minute of it.
I left behind the systematic dishonesty, and took the best of what I learned and used it in the Pentagon as a defense contractor to the Joint Chiefs of Staff, as a corporate vice president, in my own successful small businesses, and in my own daily life.
It was the personal and business equivalent of when I went through Marine Corps Boot Camp. It helped me grow and shaped who I was, but I'd never go through it again!
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On the subject of Roman Emperors becoming gods, which you mention with Commodus deifying himself by "becoming" Hercules. It wasn't unusual for other Emperors to be declared gods, but it was after their deaths, but when the Emperor Vespasian was dying of dysentery, he quipped, “Oh dear, I think I’m becoming a god!”. Great sense of humor, on his deathbed.
Anthony Mann, the director of "The Fall of the Roman Empire" was the original director of "Spartacus". Very shortly after they had begun shooting, at the urging of Kirk Douglas, he was fired. The next day, Stanley Kubrick was hired.
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I was a fireman and hazmat tech for 20 years, in the early days of my state legalizing marijuana, there was a lot of funny activity around that. One call we went on was in a brick apartment building, two stories... In one of the bottom floor apartments, the windows had been fully blown out, it had ripped the casements out of the block as well. And parts of the windows, blinds, etc, were up to 40 yards away. And absolutely zero heat damage inside. Even the three dudes in the explosion had no significant injuries.
They were using butane to extract the THC into a live resin. So, they had filled the whole apartment with a perfect stoichiometric mix of fuel air and boom, a low heat, medium velocity fuel/air bomb. Same thing.
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I am NOT someone who will denounce you. On the contrary, thank you, thank you, thank you for this two-part series. I am a deep admirer of Bugliosi’s book and am nearly insulted that so few have bothered to consider it at all. He will, in a fair world, go down as an American who did a great service to his country with this work. To those who still say conspiracy, yet are open to another view, and I fear you are few, may I suggest the book AND also suggest that if it seems overwhelming in length, that it too, as with this fine video, be tackled in chapters. I beg my fellow Americans to return to the basic facts.
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Thanks for this great presentation -- I reported aboard the Mayport, Fla-based Shangri-La in September, 1969. I worked in X-Division in the Chaplain's office. After training in Getmo and San Juan, Puerto Rico, we set sail for her final West Pac cruise with liberty at Rio de Janeiro, home based in Subic Bay - drydock in Yokosuka, Japan (July) 10 days in Hong Kong, not to mention the line periods in Tonkin. On our cruise home, we continued east to Sydney, Australia, Welling, NZ -- back to Rio -- and home to Mayport. I was with the "Shang" through July 1971 - on decommissioning crew. I love her -- and count that 2 year duty some of the greatest experiences of my life -- Paul Gauntt
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The first thing that struck me was the claim that three teenagers dug a hole 30' deep.
The second thing was the "£2,000,000" carved on a rock claim. A bit of digging (no pun intended) indicates that a mid 17 Century ship of the line cost about £63,000. This was the largest, most expensive class of warship in the world at the time - equivalent to today's fleet carriers. So even if we assume the purported treasure was buried as late as a few decades before the supposed discovery of the depression, that's a claim that the treasure was enough to build nearly 32 warships of the first rate - equivalent to nearly £547,000,000 in today's money. That tells me that the person who fabricated that claim didn't bother to make it the least bit plausible from an historical perspective, and simply went with a big, impressive sounding number, in total ignorance of inflation.
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Years ago there was a wonderful documentary about all of this, that concluded similarly that Oswald acted alone. I don't remember his name but there was a man who was I believe a former editor of the Dallas Morning News (he did something for the Dallas Morning News), and he had a great conclusion in the documentary. He noted that, on the one hand, you had this great man, John F. Kennedy. On the other hand was this... nobody, Lee Harvey Oswald. If you were to measure them both on a scale, there was a tendency for people to want to add a bit of weight to Lee Harvey Oswald. And that's where all the conspiracy stuff came from, because, without it, how could this complete nobody, dream up and execute a plan to assassinate one of the greatest men of our times?
Of course, that's before people realized that Oswald actually had a bit of practice at this, when he executed another (failed) assassination attempt on General Walker. And practice makes perfect.
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I watched this yesterday. I appreciate you doing this video. I was surprised this video was made recently, as I thought Amway was almost dead in the US regarding organizational growth. It topped out around 1995 or 1996, then had a big upshoot with recruiting in 1999 - 2000 with Quixtar. Sales of Amway products actually declined because Quixtar eliminated product pickup from upline, and new IBOs were told it was not Amway, only to get a kit with Amway products. Then they were told they needed to order Amway-manufactured products to generate any actual volume (PV/BV).
With Quixtar and the rise of the internet, Amway North America continued to decline. The only growth was in foreign countries or immigrants unfamiliar with the company. There was no new blood in the diamond lineup.
The exception was Orrin Woodward and his Team of Destiny organization. However, even though they were recruiting many people, new IBOs weren't making money because the only volume flowing was tools, and IBOs didn't get a cut of that. Orrin wanted to create a separate business to share the tool money so IBOs could make something. The lawsuits started to fly, and Amway/Quixtar terminated Team Diamonds and many other big longtime diamonds.
If any video or book about Dexter is to be made, it must be done soon. Fewer people alive every year knew him directly or were involved in the business during its heyday.
My disappointment with your video is that it was done with a left/woke slant - The typical Amway distributor was a white male, and the homophobe comments, for example. That was irrelevant to the subject.
Today we have different cults that will be much harder to undo. With the Amway business, at some point, most people realize they have been lied to and quit. With the DEI cult, it won't be so simple because people are being manipulated to hate, based on attributes they cannot change. Any adversity they face reinforces that they are oppressed and have to remake the system.
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0:00 Insurrection at The US Capitol January 6th, 2021.
1:20 Sean Munger's Introduction.
1:40 The Capitol Insurrection of Jan 6th 2021 was a horrifying Historical Moment, although it opens up a lesson for learning historical context about coups and revolutions and the difference between the 2 changes of ruling power.
Some Major Revolutions in World History 1:58
- American Revolution 1776
- French Revolution 1789
- Russian Revolution 1917
- Chinese Revolution 1911-around 1951
- The Iranian Revolution of 1979
Coup
- The 1969 Gaddafi Coup
A Coup vs A Revolution
2:43 Coups are not the same as Revolutions.
Coups occur in countries deemed non-democratic or unstable.
3:27 "Coups involve a change of leaders. Revolutions involve a change of systems."
Coups change leaders but leave the system the same.
Revolutions build up a new system the nation adopts over the former system, which appears less desirable than it used to be.
7:38 Fidelity to a Political Leader is NOT the cause of a Revolution.
The French Revolution of 1789
3:36 The 1789 French Revolution
- Storming of The Bastille
- Guillotining of The King and Queen of France in 1789 Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette
- A Napoleonic Coup D'etat 1799
The French Revolution Transformed France's System of Government
! The Tax System Changed
! The Legal System Changed
! The Infrastructure System Changed
! The School System Changed
4:18 France's Entire Society underwent transformative change into something completely (unlike the French Bourbon Monarchy many centuries of rule.)
6:33 The Monarchy in France was brought down by
- Economic (poor economy, American Revolution war debt)
- Social (social class unrest by The Third
The Libyan Coup of 1969
4:48 Libya was a Monarchy ruled by King Idris I
1959 - Oil is discovered in Libya, Oil is a valuable commodity in an Industrial Economic World
5:15 September 1st, 1969 The Muammar Gaddafi's Pan-Arab Coup overthrew King Idris I.
5:35 Pan-Arabism
6:22 A political change in leadership, but not a revolution of the Libyan system.
Similarities between 1789 Revolutionary France and The 1969 Libyan Coup
5:44
- Both changed government
- Both abolished Monarchy and est. a Republic in it's place
8:04 China's 1911 Communist Revolution of Emperor Pu Yi.
About Revolutions
Revolutions are built through centuries of refinement until the Revolution can be brought into action.
8:38 Rage at The System, not merely The Man in Charge, ex. The Iranian Revolution of 1979
8:52 Revolutions are led by Revolutionary Elite.
9:27 A Cabal in 1969 and 1799
10:09 The Bolshevik Revolution begin in the 1800s before it appeared in 1917 with the Assassination of Nicholas II, last Tsar of Russia.
10:40 Revolutions took generations, not days and hours, to be successful.
+ Offer a clear and positive alternative to the existing national order.
11:41 The Revolutionary has arguably a tougher job than the Military Commanders who fight to defend Revolutionary ideals.
Operation American Spring May 2014
13:10 May 2014 Tea Party "Revolution" Operation American Spring.
13:50 30 Tea Party Protestors showed up and didn't change anything.
The Lesson of The January 6 2021 Coup
1:40 The Capitol Insurrection of Jan 6th 2021 was a horrifying Historical Moment, although it opens up a lesson for learning historical context about coups and revolutions and the difference between the 2 changes of ruling power.
7:00 The 2021 Capitol Rioters/Trump Supporter Insurrection wanted to
- Keep President Donald Trump in power despite the results of the 2020 Election
9:46 Jan 6 2021 was not a Revolution. 12:23 It was a failed attempt at a Coup.
14:21 If you don't know history, you can mistake the trappings of a revolution as something easy when it is not easy.
14:35 "Insurrection and Revolution are dangerous, deadly, and extraordinarily complex historical processes."
15:00 Few Coups have happened in The United States in it's first 250 Years.
15:12 Coups tend to happen in a country with a:
- Weak Political and Social fabric
- Stressed Political and Social fabric
15:18 + A Robust, well-functioning Democracy can resist pressures of extremist ideologues.
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I would love to see a video in this style about Gabriel Narutowicz, the first President of the newly Independent Poland. His story is extremely fascinating. He went from being a professor of hydroelectric engineering to the President and was shot only a few days into his term, by a far right zealot. Since he was Polish, he's not really widely known, but I think he's one of the mostly fascinating historical figures. A Sean Munger video would surely get people talking ;) but it would probably be a pain with all the Polish pronounciation. A man can dream though.
This video is excellent as always, noticing the different band shirts is always a treat.
There's actually a second metalhead academic I know, also a historian, Jeremy Swist, maybe you know him? He's not on youtube afaik, but I read some of his papers, good stuff.
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The Pirate Hypothesis is the new name for my one-man Electrocore band. Working on our flagship single, "Denatured Hangover (Hire a Priest)." But I digress.
Interesting, I remember reading about the "cold" alcohol explosion theory some time ago, but it was presented in the context of straight-up spooking the crew into abandoning ship, which seemed like an unlikely overreaction (if the alcohol was being delivered for industrial purposes, it feels like SOMEONE on-board should have known it could do that). An accident while trying to briefly escape being fumigated sounds at least plausible.
I never read that Arthur Conan Doyle story, but it sounds like it inspired the Real Adventures of Johnny Quest episode on the MC (summary: the cargo was gold disguised as alcohol, the crew finds out and mutinies, bloodlessly killing the captain and family, deciding to escape with some of the gold while faking their own deaths. And then they're abducted by ghosts, or aliens, or something.)
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Good summary. I'll just add few bonus questions to hit the "true believers" with.
1. Why would the conspirators have a "pristine" bullet ready to hide on Connally's stretcher in the hospital when, for all they knew, the doctors were upstairs removing the actual bullet that hit Connally from Connally? It would have been a little awkward to have two bullets and one series of wounds, yes? How could they have even known Connally would even be hit in the first place?
2. When Jack Ruby was arrested for killing Oswald he had to ask the police to get his favorite dog out of his car. (He often brought his dogs on errands) Some Mafia hit man, eh? He shows up late for the prisoner transfer, leaves his dog in the car, waits in line at Western Union, and then shoots his victim once in the stomach. Is that how a Mafia hit works?
3. Why would you try to frame Oswald AND have a second shooter on the grassy knoll where the shots would be heard, the shooter could be seen and photographed from across the road, and there would be no way to escape unnoticed? Kind of defeats the purpose of framing Oswald, yes?
And don't even get me started on the Oliver Stone travesty....
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Regarding why conspiracy theories about this assassination have become so rampant: Yes, the 60s zeitgeist of questioning authority definitely had something to do with it, but you don't see tons of conspiracy theories about the assassinations of MLK or RFK, which also occurred in the 60s. I think the key thing in JFK's assassination that led to conspiracy theories was Oswald's murder. It happened only a few days after JFK's assassination, when Oswald was surrounded by police officers. It not only was a thing that seemed highly unlikely, it also robbed the American public of the satisfaction of Oswald's trial and conviction. A high profile extreme crime like a presidential assassination is very disturbing to the public because it represents a certain degree of societal breakdown. A public trial and conviction of the perpetrator serves to reestablish order in the mind of the public. But we didn't get that. Instead, while we were still reeling from JFK's assassination, suddenly the primary suspect was dead and the case was closed. If JFK's assassination had been a movie, rather than a real event, and it ended with Oswald's murder, people would think it was a really really bad movie that had an overly-convenient Deus-ex-machina ending. Not only did it seem overly convenient, but it also represented another example of societal breakdown, instead of the reestablishment of order that Oswald's trial would have represented, especially when you consider that Oswald was gunned down while surrounded by police officers (how likely is that??). I think the conspiracy theories sprang from an attempt to find another explanation that makes more sense to people than the reality of those two senseless murders.
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It is a pleasure to hear a cultivated vocabulary, such as yours. I would love to hear your views on the magical thinking manifestation movements such as Abraham-Hicks (who also built a tape empire but based on a different premise that Amway's), which was later ripped off by the wildly popular The Secret. I would love to hear an expose' of Joyce Meyers, Joel O'Steen, Edward Hill, Gordon Lindsay, Oral Roberts, Bruce Wilkinson, Zig Ziglar, etc.
Also, I'm interested in why you included Dale Carnegie in with the grifters, such as Napolean Hill.
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Great video so far. I wanted to add something because I think its important for the whole picture. I'm 40, and I remember seeing "The Men Who Killed Kennedy" as a kid and it was fascinating. I asked my parents to rent JFK when it came out to rent, and I was like 9 haha. What 9 year old asks to see this movie?! Anyway, I was always into it and found it fascinating, Badgeman, the ballistics etc. Every so-often I like to catch up if there's any new evidence, and about 5 years ago I watched a video by one of the big conspiracy guys, forgot his name, but it was just so massively incredible (in a bad way) I said, this can't be true. About switching JFKs body on the plane, all this nonsense. So then I decided, let me hear the other side of the coin and boy, did it makes a LOT more sense. I think it may have been an audio version of Vinces book. There was a LOT of things I never heard before, because the conspiracy people left them out. Like Edwin Walker being shot at, Howard Brennan as you added, or the 3 African-American guys who were directly under LHO's window. The difference is, unlike most people, I was interested in what really happened, and didn't attach my ego to one side, so I was willing to change what I thought was true.
I also wanted to add a couple of things about the Warren commission which I know YOU know, but I think are the most important parts of the case. They put too much weight on two things. They asked Zapruder if he filmed the whole assassination, "Yes", but its impossible to prove he filmed all 3 shots since his movie has no sound. They also asked Connally where he got shot and he chose incorrectly. He said it was much later than he actually was shot and now with the 4k version of Zapruders film, you can ACTUALLY SEE Connally's lapel move where he was shot the instance JFK is shot in the neck. So they tried to fit the whole 3 shots in that time frame which was inaccurate to begin with.
The other is something I never heard before. The whole Jack Ruby killing LHO. First off, if you watch the live broadcast, a reporter says right in the beginning that there was extra security in case someone tried to shoot LHO. From the beginning, the press already knew someone would potentially try to kill LHO out of retribution. The last bit of info I heard that blew me away, was right before LHO was being transferred, he asked for a hoodie or sweater or something. It took an extra few mins for someone to get it to LHO. The window for Jack to get to the parking garage was so small, that if Oswald never asked for the sweater, Jack wouldn't have got to him fast enough and LHO would have lived. Crazy. But thats something the conspiracy people don't talk about because it shows how impulsive the decision was, and Jack or whoever put him up to it, didnt plan it.
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I'll get this part out of the way from the outset: I think the most likely explanation of what happened was that Oswald fired 3 shots and caused the death of the president and the wounds to governor. I've read the Warren report, own the complete version including the 26 volumes, I've read Garrison's book, and most of the other conspiracy books as well as Bugliosi's. I've not seen any evidence whatsoever that leads me to believe that there was a gunman on the knoll or anywhere else. You're absolutely right about the reliability of a lot of the testimony relied upon by the conspiracy theorists, and Lifton's book and assertions have always seemed so insane to me that it is hard for me to believe that anyone that looks at his argument with a slightly skeptical eye could find it convincing, same for the badgeman bunch, Beverly Oliver, or my favorite whacko Judyth Vary Baker who despite being a high school student was so talented that the CIA tapped her to help develop a new strain of Cancer which she developed along with Ferrie and somehow her medically gifted if unqualified boyfriend Oswald.
I did see that someone commented on the first half of this series about a few details that you got wrong, and your response was great. Obviously it's hard to get everything 100% correct in such an exhaustively researched case. You actually missed one of my favorite conspiracy theories due to a slight mistake (maybe mischaracterization is a more appropriate word): Oswald was initially given an honorable discharge from the Marine Corps. That discharge was retroactively changed to dishonorable upon his defection to the Soviet Union. Oswald was so upset by this that he wrote numerous letters to the department of the Navy attempting to have this corrected, including a couple directly to the then Secretary of the Navy and future governor John Connoly. Oswald makes some direct threats in his "historical diary" towards Connoly because of this. There are some that believe he was actually attempting to kill Connoly in Dallas and JFK just happened to be in the way. I dont actually believe this but given that Oswald bungled so many opportunities in his life that were this to be true it would almost be poetic.
What I actually came here to say was that there is one writer whose work in the assassination research community is John Newman, a former Major General and assistant to the director of the NSA, and a current university professor. He has a couple of books that deal directly with the possibility that Oswald did have ties to the ONI and CIA. They're well written, extensively sourced and the documents he cites are reproduced for the reader. He also has a great book specifically dealing with JFK and Vietnam. He's one of a sadly small number of people that have written about this topic in a way that I find hard to refute. If you haven't read his stuff I highly recommend it.
I enjoy your channel, and even if I don't always agree with your interpretations I do appreciate you talking about this subject in a way that's rational and objective.
One last thing, Bugliosi definitely succeeded in writing an exhaustive book but there are definitely arguments contained in it that don't stand up very well to scrutiny, though none that lead to me to believe that he is wrong about who fired the shots or from where. He also made assertions about evidence in the televised trial that a modern defense attorney would have shredded (his affinity for neutron activation analysis of the bullet fragments for one), and if Lopez had been able to present all of his findings as part of his testimony (which he couldn't because his report was still classified at the time) it may have made Bugliosi's job a little harder.
Thanks again for the content. I enjoy it!
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Sean,
You have very seriously become one of the best channels on this platform. In an era obsessed with "engagement", tabloid-hysteria and "gaming the algorithm" for massive reach, it is incredibly refreshing to find the small number of content creators focused on well-qualified, well-researched deep dives into interesting subjects. I'm really happy to see you find your stride and your audience on YouTube, and I also share your thoughts on something you mentioned on your blog a few months back where far too many people on social media think the whole point of it is, "Well don't you want to sit around arguing with me all day?" to the extent that nothing can ever be learned or accomplished.
My wife, like you, is a school teacher. We value what you do here; we both think it is not only useful but necessary work, and we only wish there was more time in the day so that you could produce more of it. Thank you for staying true to who you are and what you want your channel to be. It has made a big difference to us just in our ability to continue to invest our time and money into YouTube. Without the small number of people like you putting out this level of work, we very simply wouldn't be on here anymore. I hope you know you have viewers for whom your work is both a welcome distraction and an inspiration! It is important what you produce here. So don't stop! Keep going! As always, we look forward to the next one. :)
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Dr. Munger as an attorney with 38 years' experience, I can tell you that, in all my criminal trials, juries are given instructions, matching your thesis is Chapter 4, as to the difference between direct and circumstantial evidence and the weight to be given each.
Basically, the court will instruct that each type of evidence is equally good, but that circumstantial evidence must be shown to exclude every other reasonable theory.
Here is what debunks the JFK theorists: usually, the government doesn't have a Howard Brennan witnessing a killing......it has to usually prove its case circumstantially. Yet the government, had Ruby not shot Oswald, had mire than enough evidence to convict--the gun, TWO eyewitnesses ( Brennan AND Amis Euins), Oswald's flight from work, etc. In other words, there was DIRECT evidence.
I am glad I discovered your channel!
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Outstanding. I used to be in the conspiracy camp. After watching the Peter Jennings special (I think around the 40th anniversary time), I started tilting more towards Oswald did do it. I was like at 70-30 leaning that way until past couple of weeks. I always tried to leave some room for doubt, especially with witness accounts from the doctors at parkland, etc. But after watching your 2 videos and some stuff by Posner, I'm now 100% sure it was Oswald alone. There's a few outstanding things I think need to be tidied up like the new claim from SS agent about finding the bullet and putting on the gurney, etc. but as you noted, you cant have an outlier piece of info overtake the preponderance of the other evidence. Curious about your thoughts on the actions of the secret service agent.
Another question, I thought Oswald's brother (you mentioned his wife) took the photo of him holding the gun (That's what I remembered from the Peter Jennings special. I made a mental note because that was such a powerful, albeit completely false, narrative from the JFK movie about the shadows not lining up, etc. So when I heard his brother took the photo along with an 80 something year old person replicating the action of the bolt rifle in plenty of time, it got me swaying in the "unpopular" camp : )
parallel
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Sean, I immediately recognized you as the terribly interesting guy I loved to talk to at TKE. It’s great to see you carrying on the tradition, and I’ve thoroughly enjoyed many of your videos.
Looking at these crimes through the perspective of location brings so much to the table. More so personally as I’ve lived in Los Angeles for many years, coincidentally on Waverly Drive and a few blocks from the La Bianca’s.
It sits between a home that’s hard to believe was once a college student’s party house, and an expansive and historic, but walled-off convent. I’d be interested to know when that wall was built because I’ve often noted the fencing and gates that now shroud most homes along the road, which I’m certain went up immediately post-Manson. Some renovated homes have removed them, but it’s such a shame how much that event truly closed off one neighbor from another.
I’ve read that they tossed the weapons in the small reservoir on St. George, which the La Bianca’s son would have run past on his way to find help at a news stand on Hyperion and Rowena—which is now a takeout restaurant called Mixto.
I’d be interested to know which way the attackers walked to hitchhike back to the ranch.
I’ve also hiked around the Santa Susanna pass and have to say it’s a beautiful area, although eerie for anyone who knows the history. There’s still a rusted-out car sitting inexplicably in a barely accessible area. Who knows?
Anyway, great research on your part. Cheers!
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Sean, thank you very much for your content, I really appreciate your videos so well researched and really refreshing having the input of a real historian In these more "mainstream" topics. I already subscribed to your courses in your websites mainly for the amazing podcast on Conspiracy theories. And I also realized that I saw you wearing a Morbid Angel Altars of Madness amazing t shirt, and in this video a Sepultura Roots if I'm not mistaken, and a Stratovarious shirt, I really think you are a metalhead! :-) For that reason, and also taking in consideration the angle you took in the Titanic video, would you be interested in making a Rock/Metal related video??? I mean, there are plenty of material about of the history of Rock/Metal in the net, but mainly by journalists or amateur rock related you tubers. I think it would be very interesting to check your view as an historian, I am sure you would find something really interesting to add. Thank you again for your content!
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"...whose careers would have been helped , not hurt, if they had uncovered a conspiracy to assassinate JFK."
Had to pause in my watchthrough to say YES. THANK YOU. You see this all the time in the "science is dogmatic" conspiracy circles: pretending that all scientists, everywhere, work to suppress new discoveries and innovations, and that most scientists wouldn't give their left gonads to discover and have their names associated with them. And it looks like that's just a base requirement for any conspiracy theory, scientific, political, or other - no one else has individual self-interest, they're just unthinking drones.
Like, I can't even express how irritatingly solipsistic it is. These people assume (hell, require ) total homogenity and groupthink among the supposed mass of "conspirators." There's just the CT and the grifters saying what they want to hear on one side, and whatever amorphous hive-mind they blame for their problems on the other.
Anyway, I am watching this straight through, so back to it.
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Another fantastic video! Thanks again for your incredible work, Sean!
I just recently watched the Casual Criminalist video on the JFK assassination, and I was surprised to see that it suggests some other potential killer may have been involved by pure chance, completely independent of Oswald. (The video is certain that Oswald was present, that he shot at the president, and that he was not part of a conspiracy.)
They find this possibility, I think, by exaggerating the uncertainty surrounding certain events (in particular, the "pristine" bullet, the "magic" bullet path, the number of shots, and the analysis of the Zapruder film).
I don't think this is done with any ill intent - the author states very credibly that he fully expected to debunk any and all conspiracy theories on the topic by the end of his script, and he only came to develop any doubt in the process of his research.
I found this quite compelling, and I'd accepted the idea of a second attacker as a realistic, if improbable, possibility.
However, your video is so thorough, so resolute, and so well-supported, I really can't consider any other explanation than that Oswald alone killed Kennedy.
Thank you for finally giving me (qualified) certainty! I'll share your work with anybody I ever talk to on the subject.
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Two incredible videos - Thanks!!!
I do have to point out one glaring mistake. In the Bill Britt downline, the monthly weekend events were "seminars and rallies"
The seminers were all day Saturday, and were focused on the "nuts and bolts" of running the business.
Every aspect was covered via numerous speakers and panels, including how to show the plan, how to sponsor, how to sell, how to motivate your downline, and all the other necessary business topics.
Then on Sunday was the Rally. That was the motivational extravaganza you repeatedly and accurately detail.
So at least in the Britt line, business training was a constant topic.
The obvious reason is that it made more money for the upline if their downline sponsored more distributors who fell for all the scams.
But additionally, it sold massive quantities of books and tapes, because people were inclined and encouraged to buy the tapes by all the secondary speakers.
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This was a surprisiingly well done documentary, on a tough subject to cover well.
I wish it said more about the non-Yager uplines that worldwide and combined, amounted to less than half the sales volume of the Yager organization.... or maybe that was indirectly discussed, as to how impossible it was to run a profitable operation just selling soap, without the added illegal pyramid sideline extortion and subterfuge "tools"?
As someone who's handled minority religions and non-religious civil rights cases in national leadership of two organizations, I knew there was something very suspect in Amway people I'd met in the 1990's. I didn't realize the Bakker scam links, nor how deep the political hooks were.
It'd be interesting to see that expanded, to how Queen DeVos got a Trump cabinet position, beyond the standard to clear tax perks on 5 billion if you donate 300 million up front to his campaign? It's not like that ilk are unintelligent.... just treacherous and hypocritical. She led a CFR Rulemaking Proceeding to eradicate the Obama fraud of the "dear colleagues" university extortion games, but also expanded the secret waivers to schools taking Federal funds and imposing religious discrimination conditions that are properly illegal to perpetrate on tax dollars.
A friend in the Ted Fish upline (Maine preacher, Yager organization) got me to attend a long form "business development" event, where in one session they were teaching how to sell C-band 3 meter satellite dishes. I have background in engineering for broadcast and network systems as to legal compliance and specialized construction, and asked a few pointed questions, like WTF kind of nutcase scammers would teach dealers to help customers set up structures like that on what are known as "show mounts", temporary cinder block weighted good weather temporary frames, of objects that require foundations capable of securing against uplift and overturn in storm conditions to prevent the equivalent of a car being thrown by wind into a neighbors house, while violating Building Codes, imposing negligence on the dealers and buyers, and potentially even felony reckless endangerment?
Apparently I made an impression, as in the best emulations of a Monty Python or SNL sketch, before South Park style existed, I heard they were spreading rumors that the crazy in that meeting had some kind of drug addiction and should be dismissed.
What pathetic criminally insane scum, for alleged highly ethical business people and many preachers in their leadership. They belonged in prison for fraud if nothing else.
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I thank you for your logical approach to this subject. I am a child of the assassination. I was 5 that morning. My Dad had just got home from his over night shift for the weekend off. Mom was entertaining us while he slept, they were going out that night. We were getting the treat of a sleep over at the Grandparents. I remember my Mom cringed, until the day she died, whenever a TV program was interrupted with “News Bulletin”. Then I saw something, and several of my friends now 65 verify having see also, their parents and grandparents openly weeping; for the first, and sometimes, only time.
I grew up with JFK, King, RFK, Viet Nam, Nixon, and Watergate. I looked for the boogie man under ever bed for years about this subject. I have also come to the fact that Oswald acted alone. I also BELIEVE today, he’d be a school shooter or some event sized murderer. He did it for his view of politics, and to let the world know he did it. He was such a small person no one wants to believe the fact he could effect history.
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This was a really fun watch! Just finished your "AMWAY Tools" video earlier and decided to check this one out as well, and I'm glad I did.
You mention a couple of times that this was "supposed to be" the last Indiana Jones movie -- which isn't entirely accurate, in that Spielberg and Lucas had originally signed a deal with Paramount in 1979 to make 5 total films in the series... but by the time they got to Last Crusade, Lucas decided to end things because he didn't have any great ideas for further sequels. (I'm with you in thinking that they should have left it as a trilogy, though!)
Also I have to say it's amusing to see so many comments from the exact type of Crusades Fanboy you mention coming in to "well, ACKSHully..." without even saying anything about the content of the rest of the video.
Likewise for the Mormons who (whether deliberately or not, and I'm willing to give rank-and-file members of their church the benefit of doubt, as they may truly believe the latest version of the ever-changing revisionist history they've been fed about their religion from their leaders) only stop in to falsely claim that using one of their formerly-preferred names is somehow cruel or insulting or intolerant.
Anyway, thanks for another interesting, informative, and fun video essay! Looking forward to working my way through the rest of your uploads, and to enjoying anything new you share in the future!
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OK, finished my third video. Lol. Growing up in a conservative christian household in the 80s and 90s, I find this history so fascinating. My family was certainly influenced by all this non-sense, but not strongly because we were of an ultra-literal interpretation of the Bible so some of these scams seemed kind of obvious to us. Having said that, I know tons of people TONS OF PEOPLE that still carry on these MLMs alive and active in the church today. Avon, Mary Kaye, 31 Gifts, Plexus etc, etc… Honestly, if you take the scriptures seriously, I have no idea how one could get mixed up in all this. I don’t regret my upbringing and I still am strong in my faith to this day. The riches promised to the faithful come in the afterlife, not here, not now. What the faithful are promised now is persecution and abuse.
That subject aside, I loved the research and effort put into this video. Sean certainly has a organized and easy to follow way of presenting information. If I were to have had more college professors like him, I probably could have gotten a lot better grades. Lol. Keep up the great work!
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Meidener was, I think, drawing on something that was already known, but much less well known that it is now. Many of the images and facts of industrial war had already been seen, albeit on a limited scale, via other “quivers”, no less. The Balkan wars, the Boer war, the Boxer rebellion, the Spanish-American war, and even images from the American Civil War.
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I managed to watch both parts on this cloudy sunday morning. I have to say the videos seemed thorough, and evidenced based. However...
What about...
You didn't account for...
It was aliens.
Yes, aliens killed Kennedy to stop the space program. They know that if we went through with JFK's plan to put a man on the moon and return him to earth, we'd find their secret base.
There were able to get away with this by using an actual alien plant. Just look at the pictures of Oswald. He's clearly a grey wearing makeup. As are most of all the people involved in the plotting and coverup. Which is obvious when you look at their pictures correctly.
Later, when they realized they couldn't stop the US space missions, they instead decided to take them over so they could control the information and hide the alien base.
Obviously.
Oh, and they used mass hallucination and psychic interference to cloud the minds of witnesses, and get the experts to fake the evidence.
Again, obviously.
All humor aside, and having spend some years believing many conspiracies, as well as being around other conspiracy believers, I can understand some of the process.
Few of us really know very much about the world around us. And when we do it is necessarily tailored to certain areas. This means that when we are first introduced to a conspiracy theory, it could well be the first deep dive of information we've ever heard about it.
I was born in 1963, so I was three when the assassination happened (Yes, I can prove both my birth, and where I was living, a thousand miles away at the time, so you will fail trying to connect me to the event). This means that apart from general knowledge I learned later in history, I heard conspiracy stories long before I read any facts. In truth, I ave no memory of the Warren Commission Report until it was claimed to be part of the coverup.
There's a tendency to accept the first story we hear until substantial information overcomes that story. In fact, if we are emotionally drawn to a belief, we will defend it for some length. Perpetually in the case of conspiracy theorists.
Couple this with the national tragedy of the event, and the imagined possibilities of a future America with a two-term Kennedy Presidency, along with additional terms by his brother, feels like America was robbed of our potential, and we are now hopelessly owned by the (fill in blank of favorite cabal) until some other hero rises.
Kennedy fills the hero myth, like legends of King Arthur. His administration was called Camelot. This isn't that surprising as the Musical of that name came out the year Kennedy was elected.
And the idea that America had turned a corner toward a bright future of equality and peace could be brought down by some loner, is hard to believe.
Conspiracy theories in general rely almost completely on introduction of extraneous information that appears to detract from the official story (itself a pejorative), and then the waving away of all the facts that had supported that consensus.
Look, someone else said they saw a guy running from the grassy knoll. Now I need to assume all the ballistic evidence, video evidence, and witness testimony to the contrary are fabricated.
When someone wants to believe something, the facts will rarely stand in their way.
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Just discovered this channel and really appreciate your work!
I vividly remember that war – I was 11 years old at the time, growing up in Austria as the son of Swiss immigrants. For us children (who, of course, had absorbed our parents' geopolitical views at that age), the fact that this war happened was quite sad. The general feeling was that after the fall of the Berlin wall there would be no more wars ever. I remember how in my class we all sent handwritten letters to George Bush asking him to prevent a war. I suggested that he have Saddam kidnapped by the CIA and then talk some sense into him so that he would withdraw from Kuwait without any bloodshed. To be honest, 11-year old me was a bit disappointed that Bush did not understand the genius of my suggestion. I complained to my parents about that, and explaining to me that George Bush probably had not read my letter was apparently more difficult than explaining to me that the Easter Bunny did not really exist.
However, there is an additional subplot that I feel you, Sean, and your followers might find interesting. At the time, the Austrian president was former UN Secretary General Kurt Waldheim. Waldheim had come under heavy criticism, both at home and internationally, for covering up his Nazi past, including his possible involvement in war crimes. He did not help his reputation by only gradually admitting to as much as had been proven by the time and never really coming clean. In fact, the whole thing became more and more absurd. For example, when it was proven that his horse had been in the SA (he was a member of the cavalry), he still claimed that he himself, unlike his horse, had not been a member of the SA and could not possibly know what his horse was up to (it is therefore still a "meme" in Austrian political satire to blame one's horse for everything). It was a bit like Clinton's strategy in the Clinton-Lewinsky scandal, but in relation to possible war crimes.
Long story short, even at my very conservative school (Waldheim was a conservative), at the time of the Persian Gulf War, Waldheim was increasingly seen as a liability to Austria's reputation.
However, amidst the hostage situation, Waldheim travelled to Bagdad in a surprise visit, sat down with Saddam Hussein to negotiate and did not only get all of the Austrian hostages out, but purportedly even got the Austrian embassy to issue Austrian passports to some other Western hostages while he was negotiating with Saddam Hussein. He returned to Vienna in a plane full of freed hostages, among them all of the Austrian hostages and some further Western hostages. That, in Austrian politics, was a publicity stunt for the ages. He also took credit for allegedly having convinced Saddam to gradually let the other Western hostages go. In public opinion he went from "guy who constantly lies about his nazi past" to "guy who freed the hostages".
Even among the fiercest critics of Waldheim, at the time, this was seen as some sort of redeeming act. "He may never come clean about his nazi past, but at least he freed the hostages" – that's a sentence I heard more than a few times.
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Noteworthy Elections in American History 🗳 🇺🇸
0:00
• 1896 William McKinley vs William Jennings Bryan
0:17 Contested Elections
• 2000 George W. Bush Jr vs Al Gore
• 1876 Rutherford B. Hayes vs Samuel J. Tilden
• 1824 Andrew Jackson vs John Quincy Adams
0:55 The Bizarre Election of 1872 /The Landslide Victory Ulysses S. Grant
2:36 Lets dive in!
Sean Munger introduces himself
2:54 Introduction.
3:51 1872 was a Landslide victory, but it was NOT a snoozer, it was not boring.
4:49 The Argument
5:06 The 1876 Election was closely contested
Chapter 2: The American Reconstruction Era
April 9th, 1865
5:43 What was America like after The Civil War?
6:03 The Confederate General, Robert E. Lee had surrendered.
6:34 Abe Lincoln assassinated by John Wilkes Booth.
6:53 Andrew Johnson, Southern Democrat from Tennessee, inherits the Presidency after John Wilke’s Booth’s assassination of President Abe Lincoln.
9:40 The South was Occupied by Union Troops.
10:24 President Andrew Johnson and what he wanted to do as President.
12:47 1866 Race Riots
13:04 Chaotic —> Organized Riots
14:02 Democrat-Republican loyalties
15:14 The Democrat-Republican Switch 1956 --> 1968
16:17 President Andrew Johnson's Impeachment Trial, 1 Vote Short of removing Andrew Johnson from The Presidency.
The 1868 Election
17:06 Ulysses S. Grant, Civil War General, vs Horatio Seymour, NY Governor
17:43 "Let Us Have Peace." said Grant. "Don't put me up for election" urged Seymour.
President Ulysses S. Grant's 1st Term
19:28 Ulysses S. Grant policed and put down The Ku Klux Klan. 23:02
Chapter 3: Ulysses S. Grant
20:07 Hiram Ulysses S. Grant. Ohio Born, Son of a Tanner.
- Alcoholic
- Nobody
+ West Point Graduate
+ Winner of The Battle of Shilo
+ Winner of The Battle of Vicksburg
22:06 Age 43 Years Old, Grant becomes The Youngest President of the 1st 18 Presidents of The growing United States of America.
Scandals During The Grant Administration
23:10 - Trusted people too much. Black Friday 1869.
24:06 - Illegal Fees and Kickbacks 1870.
24:26 - Post Office - Credit Mobilier
25:43 Politics did NOT work like The Military worked.
Chapter 4: The Liberal Republicans: Opponents of Ulysses S. Grant
26:35 Missouri Republicans were divided over Amnesty for The Confederacy.
27:20 Benjamin Gatz Brown
27:38 1860s Senator, Prussian born Carl Schurz, Leader of The Party
28:48 Republican Lyman Trumble was not A Radical Republican.
29:25 1863-1869 US Ambassador to Russia Cassius Marcellus Clay
32:44 The Liberal Republicans could not win without some coalition appeal to Democrat Party Voters.
The Cincinnati Convention
34:05 Horace Greeley, newspaper writer. 35:10 Liberal Republican Nominee for President.
35:57 End Tyranny and Greed. Restore Honor to Presidency.
36:36 Horace Greeley did not attend the Cincinnati Convention.
37:30 Could Horace Greeley actually
Chapter 5: Who is Horace Greeley?
37:43
38:22 Amherst New Hampshire born in 1811.
+ Printing Press Operator
+ Newspaper Writer
39:03 Mary Young Cheney Greeley, wife of Horace Greeley.
Horace Greeley political stances
40:19 Anti-Slavery Horace Greeley. Anti-Franklin Pierce.
41:13 Anti-William Seward
42:08 Decry the violence of The Civil War.
42:30 Leniency with The South. Anti-Andrew Johnson.
43:00 Supported Grant's Election in 1868 then Opposed Grant.
43:45 Caregiver for his sick wife Mary Cheney.
"Shifting Positions in The Wind."
Chapter 6: The Defeated Democratic Party of the 1868-1870s during all this 1868-1872 Splinter Liberal Republican Factionalism
45:11 James Buchanan pre-civil war president.
46:00 The 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act of Stephen Douglas.
46:45 Democrats of the 1870s were mostly Ex-Confederate Soldiers and Pro-Slavery Southerners.
47:39 New York
47:50 1871 The New Departure, The Copperheads Faction.
49:16 1872 Democrats did not want to run for Election in 1872.
The 1872 Democratic National Convention DEMOCRATIC PARTY SITS OUT THE 1872 ELECTION
49:34 BOO Grant! Lets endorse Greeley I guess... We have no nominee for our Democratic Party anyway. 51:18 The Democrats sit out the 1872 Election.
51:46 1820 Era of Good (and some bad) Feelings - The Federalist Party held no convention and elected no candidate in the 1820 Election, allowing James Monroe to win a Unanimous Vote virtually unopposed.
52:32 The Democrats were not gonna run a losing campaign. Why bother!
Chapter 7: The 1872 US Election Campaign
53:37 Ulysses S. Grant For 2nd Term! - say Republicans.
3rd Parties
55:57
56:30 Equal Rights Party - 1872 Victoria Woodhull, 1st Woman Presidential Candidate, 1st Female Stockbroker on Wall Street
Greeley's Campaign
57:22 Horace Greeley's Speaking Tour
57:58 Ulysses S. Grant did not have a Campaign. He did not need a campaign to win.
58:50 Mary Greeley's relapse and deteriorating condidtion brought an end to Greeley's Campaign.
59:30 October 30th, 1872 - Greeley's wife dies, Greeley is majorly depressed.
Chapter 8: The 1872 Voting Process
1:00:30 Fair Voting Process ensured by Union Troops.
1:02:05 James McPherson confirms.
1:02:28 Grant 56% 31 States won vs Greeley 44% 6 States won.
1:03:18 Republicans 199-84 House Control, 54-19 Republican Senate Control
The 1872 Louisiana Election, and Arkansas
1:04:20 1868-1872 Louisiana Governor Henry C. Warmoth.
1:07:30
1:08:05 Arkansas
Chapter 9: The Death of Horace Greeley, the Candidate who died DURING the Election of 1872
1:08:50 Greeley felt major depression after the death of his wife Mary Greeley.
1:10:00 Crazy for years, Mentally incompetent. Checked into a Pleasantville NY Hospital. Slipped into a coma.
1:12:00 Horace Greeley's decline was NOT caused by the election.
1:13:13 Greeley was "Grant"ed a lavish funeral procession. Horace Greeley was buried in Greenwood Cemetery, in Brooklyn NY.
Chapter 10: The 1872 Election Vote Count
1:14:29
1:15:29 State-Level Elections of Electors.
1:16:49 November 5th, 1872 Popular Voting.
1:18:15 State Voting for Liberal Republicans.
1:19:29 February 12th, 1873, in the US Capitol Building.
OBJECTION - 3 Georgia Votes for Greeley are voting for someone who is dead!
OBJECTION - Mississippi Votes - Faulty Electors!
OBJECTION - Arkansas had Voter Fraud!
OBJECTION - Texas had Faulty Electors!
OBJECTION - Louisiana had Dueling Slates of Electoral Votes
1:21:58 Congress makes Resolutions
- Arkansas' Electoral Votes DO NOT COUNT
- Georgia's Votes for Greeley DO NOT COUNT
- Louisiana's 8 Electoral Votes DO NOT COUNT
- Mississippi's 8 Electoral Votes Count for Ulysses S. Grant.
- Texas' 8 Electoral Votes Count for Liberal Republican Hendrick.
Adams vs Jefferson 1796 and 1800
1:24:40 The 1796 Electoral Scandal
1:26:09 The Constitution says nothing about disputed ballots.
Chapter 11: The Struggle For Women's Rights
1:27:39 Victoria Woodhull.
1:29:10 Women's Suffragists argue the 13th and 14th Amendments applied to women. Congress disagreed.
1:30:19 Victoria Woodhull was a magnet for bad publicity.
1:32:21 Suffragist New Departure Strategy.
1:33:39 Susan B. Anthony voted for Ulysses S. Grant. Susan B Anthony was later arrested for this. GUILTY $100 Fine!
1:35:25 UNFAIR TRIAL Susan B Anthony says! Grant pardoned the 15 women who voted in the Grant-Greeley 1872 Election.
US Supreme Court Cases of the 1870s
1:36:32 The Virginia Minor vs Habersat Case
Chapter 12: The Aftermath of The 1872 Election
1:38:00 A Cold November Day in Washington D.C.
1:39:00 Grant's Decisive Victory.
1:39:20 William Pitt Kellogg vs McEnery for Louisiana Governor seat. VIOLENCE IN Colfax, LOUISIANA!
1:41:58 MORE SCANDALS IN THE GRANT ADMINISTRATION!
1874 Whisky Ring - Tax Evasion
1:42:52 September 1873 FINANCIAL PANIC. RAILROAD BUBBLE POPPED.
1:43:25 The Ku Klux Klan gets out of jail for the 1876 Election.
1876 Election
1:44:30 Rutherford B. Hayes vs Samuel J. Tildon
Florida - DUELING SLATES of 1876!
1:46:00 The Comission to Settle The 1876 Election.
+ Hayes Wins Election
- Hayes Brings Home The Occupying Union Troops in 1876.
- Jim Crow Laws, Violence in The South for years to come.
1:48:09 Benjamin Gatz Brown.
Ulysses S. Grant
Carl Shurz
Victoria Woodhull.
Susan B. Anthony
1:49:41 Greeley's Newspaper --> The New York Herald Tribune.
Chapter 13: The Conclusion
What made the US Presidential Election of 1872 So Strange?
1:50:03
- It was a Grant Landslide Victory
- The Outcome was NOT Disputed --> Not Strange.
- It did not usher in a bold new era --> Not Strange, (rather mundane.)
STRANGE
- Never Before had a US Presidential Candidate DIED DURING THE ELECTION!
- Never Since 1872 has a POLITICAL PARTY SAT OUT THE ELECTION! (Federalists 1820 did it 1st)
- THE DEMOCRATS NOMINATED A LIBERAL REPUBLICAN
1:50:58 Reconstruction was BOTCHED. It is a DARK FAILURE in American History.
1:52:00 "And thanks again for joining me on another journey into the past."
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First of all, I really liked these videos. I've always felt like a crazy person for basically believing the Warren Report. It just seemed to me that all the proposed conspiracy theories about the JFK assassination seemed to conflict with one another, and none had begun to emerge as "the way it really happened" after decades of investigation, when I think we'd be coming to a consensus about "what really happened" by now if there was a conspiracy.
Secondly, I think Ruby's assassination of oswald probably is an additional psychological factor, in addition to what you discussed about the political climate shortly after the assassination, as to why so many believe in conspiracy theories about the JFK assassination. Not in the sense that "it looks suspicious," but in the sense that Ruby's actions prevented an oswald confession or public trial. While the Warren Report exists, it's emotionally much different than either of those two options -- I think it resulted in a lack of closure for many people, and I think some people took that "lack of closure" feeling to mean that there must be more to it, that if they could just investigate this story enough and discover what "really" happened, they'd have the truth and thus closure.
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Franklin Pierce Timeline
- Birthday: on November 20th, 1804 in Hillsboro, New Hampshire.
- College: Bowdoin College alcoholic --> hey he improved his grades and can be a lawyer's apprentice now
- Lawyer's apprentice
20:14 1829 - 25 year old Franklin Pierce is elected to the New Hampshire State Legislature.
32:57 - November 19th, 1834, 30 year old Franklin Pierce married Jane Means Appleton, making her a part of the Pierce Family.
40:00 - 1836 --> Promotion to US Senate at age 32!
56:37 The Compromise of 1850 - Franklin Pierce approved of it.
1:17:18 1854 Franklin Pierce gave Stephen Douglas support for The Kansas-Nebraska Act.
1:24:00 1852 Uncle Tom's Cabin
1:32:57 November 1855 Violence in Kansas.
1:37:24 Monday, May 19th, 1856 "The Crime Against Kansas" Speech by Charles Sumner.
1:48:10 The Dred Scott vs Sanford Case.
1:51:51 December 1863 - Jane Pierce died.
1:52:57 September, 1869, Franklin Pierce returns home. Suffering serousis of his liver.
October 7th, 1869 - death by alcohol.
1:54:29 Unsuited to be President.
0:00 Lead-In about the 1853 Winter Train 🚂 Accident of The President-Elect Franklin Pierce Family
3:00 Introduction
3:30 Franklin Pierce 1853-1857
6:60 Awful, Sympathetic President
7:35 Ready?
Chapter 2: Privileged Son Franklin Pierce
7:54 Remembering June 17th, 1775 The Battle of Bunker Hill.
+ Franklin Pierce’s grandfather was a militiaman in George Washington’s continental army.
Happy Birthday
10:08 November 1804 Franklin Pierce is born 👩🏻🍼
10:20 Franklin had 2 older brothers
Benjamin Pierce --> War of 1812 Soldier
John Sullivan Pierce --> War of 1812 Soldier
Franklin Pierce's Bowdoin College Years
11:41 In 1820 in Brunswick Maine, Franklin Pierce attends Bowdoin College.
12:00 Poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was 1 class year behind Pierce.
12:15 Calvin Ellis Stowe, Harriet Beecher Stowe's eventual husband, was at Bowdoin college as well.
12:38 Johnathan Cilley of Maine became a friend of Franklin Pierce. 41:14 Cilley fought a duel in 1836 and died from his duel bleeding.
Franklin Pierce became an alcoholic at Bowdoin College
13:03 Franklin Pierce preferred fishing and hiking and drinking alcohol to studying.
13:30 Americans drank much more alcohol in the 1800s than the 2000s.
14:56 Franklin Pierce cleaned up his grades and became a lawyer.
Franklin Pierce as a Lawyer
15:14 1825 Portsmouth, New Hampshire, Franklin Pierce becomes a Lawyer's Apprentice.
15:36 Lawyers back in the 1800s became lawyers through apprenticeships, mentorship.
Franklin Pierce Meets His Lover, Jane Means Appleton
16:43 Jane Means Appleton
*Political Parties *
1790s - Political Parties take shape
1790-1820 - Federalists vs Democratic Republicans
roughly, Northern Industry vs Southern Agriculture
1820s Whigs vs Andrew Jackson Democrats
18:53 1824 Election - Corrupt Bargain! Jackson's campaign said in 1824!
19:12 Andrew Jackson
19:27 1828 - Benjamin Pierce lost his governor of New Hampshire seat to John Quincy Adam's men.
20:14 1829 - Franklin Pierce is elected to the New Hampshire State Legislature.
Chapter 3:The revolutionary transition
20:32 The Founding Fathers.
21:20 The American Revolution, unlike China/Russia/Iran's Revolutions
China: Mao Zedong - Mao Zedong was 56 years old when his Communist People's Republic Revolution succeeded in taking over China in 1949.
Iran: Ayatollah Khomeini - 77 Years Old when The Iran Revolution overthrew The Shah of Iran in 1978
Russia: Vladimir Lenin - 47 Years Old when The Bolshevik's overthrew what became The Last Russian Tsar Nicholas II in 1917.
USA: Thomas Jefferson - 33 Years Old when he penned The Declaration of Independence.
The Founding Fathers Age
22:47 Ages of Presidents during The Revolution and each man's Presidency Inauguration
(George Washington)
(Washington was 23 years old during the 1754 American Theater portion of the world-wide Seven Years War )
was 46 years old in 1776
(Washington was 57 when he became the 1st ever President in 1789)
(John Adams)
(40 years old in 1776)
John Adams was 62 years old when he became president (Washington is considered the man who coined the name "President" as his choice of Title of Honor) in 1798-1801
Thomas Jefferson
Jefferson 33 Years Old when he penned The Declaration of Independence in 1776.
Jefferson was 57 when he was became president in 1801-1809
James Madison
(James Madison was 25 years old in 1776)
then, James Madison was 58 years old when he became president in 1809-1817
(James Monroe 18 years old in 1776)
James Monroe was 59 years old when he became president in 1817-1825
Children of The Founding Fathers Generation
23:35 The Post-American Revolution Generation takes over after the generational death of The American Revolution Generation. 25:31
23:52 John Quincy Adams, son of John Adams. Massachusetts Federalist background.
24:34 Andrew Jackson was captured by British soldiers and made to shine their boots, making him bitter at Britain.
The Post Jackson Era 1836 —>Political Party Presidents
25:33
25:42 Historic Transitions from Revolution --> New Nation.
26:35 The Year 1836 is seen as The Well-Agreed Upon Transition Year from Founding Generation --> New Nation Generation.
(Despite Hamilton's/Madison's/Washington's warning against Factions breaking up American Unity, Political Parties grew to divide Americans interest into separate camps).
27:05 8th President Martin Van Buren
27:48
8 - Martin Van Buren (1st president born after The Constitution was instituted)
9 - William Henry Harrison (died after about 1 month in office)
10 - John Tyler (1st Vice President to step into the presidency to replace a deceased President)
11 - James K. Polk (Jacksonian Democrat, Annexed Texas)
12 - Zachary Taylor (War General --> President, died a few months after inauguration due to some illness he caught)
13 - Millard Fillmore (Compromise of 1850)
14 - Franklin Pierce (worsening Abolition-Slavery/North-South relations)
15 - James Buchanan (even more worsening Abolition-Slavery/North-South turns into civil war ferver)
16 - Abraham Lincoln (basically his entire life had to be lived during The Civil War, cause Wilkes Booth killed him before he could live out his 2nd term, what could have been...)
These 9 Presidents were born between the years 1790 and 1810
- Expansion of American Territory via
- Indian Reservations - War with Mexico - The Oregon Trail - Railroads
- Expansion of Slavery
- Missouri Compromise - Bleeding Kansas
- Civil War
29:17 1836 Election
Slavery
29:57 Slavery
Chapter 4 Franklin Pierce on his way up
32:28
34:19 Jane Pierce hated politics! Pierce was a Democrat, Jane's family supported The Whigs. The family tried to prevent her marriage to Franklin Pierce because he was a Democrat.
35:10 Whigs and Democrats were made up of pro and anti-slavery factions.
36:00 The Abolitionist Movement begins in the 1830s
37:05 Franklin Pierce, disapproved of abolitionists because to him abolitionist rhetoric made life far more difficult to achieve compromise in political dealings.
38:06 Between 1819 and 1857, Statuary Hall served as the Hall of the House of Representatives.
39:30 The Gag Rule of 1836 tabled," or postponed action on all petitions relating to slavery without hearing them. Stricter versions of this gag rule passed in succeeding Congresses.
Chapter 5: (a tough) Six Months in Mexico
Soft on Slavery Presidents
44:38 San Benito Texas. April 25th, 1846.
45:23 Concord, New Hampshire - Pierce Estate.
46:17 Early 1847 Franklin Pierce --> Colonel Pierce.
46:43 James K. Polk initiated The Mexican-American War.
47:28 Colonel Pierce marches his men to General Winfield Scott. Pierce suffered a war injury falling off his horse. 49:18 Pierce gets a Stomach bug.
52:17 Slavery spreading. Wilmot Proviso failed to pass Congress.
53:09 Zachary Taylor & Millard Fillmore
56:10 Indigestion from cherries and milk.
58:30 Northern Whigs, Southern Whigs, Irish Immigrants.
Lewis Cass - Senator, Soft on Slavery, Trail of Tears Congressman.
Levi Woodbury - Supreme Court Justice
James Buchanan - future president
Stephan Douglas - 38 year old Compromise of 1850, Popular Sovereignty.
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Great series, Sean! Being a huge Bond fan myself, I enjoy delving into documentaries, podcasts and fan videos. Your series is by far unique and interesting and provides a deeper understanding about the films as products of their time. Excellent work and please keep them coming!
About Teri Hatcher and her performance I once heard an explaination that went something like this (if my memory serves me right): In the 90s Hatcher was busy filming Lois & Clark when landing the role as Paris Carver. It was a small part - provided just one day shooting - but required her to go to Europe/London to film her scenes. Due to her hectic filming schedule she was almost burned out, and yet had to catch the next flight half across the Globe directly after one long day shooting of Lois & Clark, to make it to her shooting of TND. Hence, no rest and only preparation for her role in the Bond film. Then after shooting, she had to catch the next flight back to LA just to get in time for the next day shooting of Lois & Clark. No wonder her chemistry with Brosnan didn't click very well, or that her performance may be remembered as rather pale. On the contrary, considering the circumstances, I think Ms. Hatcher did a great job!
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Alright so I’ve finished both videos and your fall of the monarchies all today here on my work shift. Firstly, seriously impressed. I grew up firmly believing in there being a conspiracy on multiple levels surrounding his death. Although I just naturally shed off many of those beliefs with maturing, because many of them are just flagrantly false or ridiculous, I did maintain some level of firmness in my belief in specifically the CIA being a possible culprit. Having finished both these videos I have to say I’m glad I didn’t keep putting off this video. I was worried my inherent distrust of the government would cloud me from accepting the valid points you make.
Although I never really bought into the theory of multiple shooters really ever, you concisely broke down each variant of the “this branch of government is responsible” theories and solidified facts that I had previously seriously questioned like the magic bullet theory.
Personally, looking over all of the evidence myself I agree. Oswald acted alone. He wanted to kill Kennedy, nobody in ties with any government or group approached him or assisted him. However, I do have a inkling of a feeling the CIA at the very least was not in the least disappointed with his death, if not willfully avoided taking action against Oswald prior to the shooting. Dan Carlin put out a podcast surrounding the events leading up to the Cuban missile crisis, and brings up a statement said by Vincent Bugliosi in his book, where JFK apparently stated he would “splinter the CIA into a thousand pieces and scatter them into the wind.” After advisors/CIA told a young, inexperienced JFK that the plans for Bay of Pigs should be conducted and they had vetted the plans enough to ensure success. Now Dan himself will be the first to say he is not a true historian, although I personally give the man credit since he does have a B.A in history. And Dan doesn’t make the statement this was an infallible fact. But it does make me ponder if the CIA was somewhat uncaring about Kennedy’s safety if the supposed statement was true. Obviously I’m not changing my stance on Oswald’s overall involvement. You’ve made a solid enough case that there isn’t a genuine conspiracy on any level. The CIA would have no reason to actively seek Kennedys demise even if they were fear of him doing anything untoward to their establishment. Which from the little bit of research I’ve done myself, wasn’t the case. Kennedy was as you said, just following the motions set by his predecessor. Maintaining a presence in Vietnam and seemingly leaving the CIA entirely to their own devices. But I can’t shake this distrust. I think if Kennedy really did ever make such a statement about essentially dissolving the CIA, I can absolutely get behind the CIA just turning the cold shoulder to specific information. No harm no foul in a sense. But that’s still contingent on hearsay from a source that themselves doesn’t claim it to be more than just hearsay.
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Glad this popped up!! My father reported to California not long before Dec 7th as a new sailor. The sounds of the attack woke him the day after his 17th birthday. He rushed to his station, a gun, and the berthing was destroyed shortly thereafter by a bomb. He helped pass ammunition through the battle, and took a boat to Ford Island after abandon ship was called. He returned to the ship later, but was then assigned to help man guns ashore. He remained there doing that, as well as being part of boat crews that went around the harbor assisting other ships with dewatering, firefighting,and body recovery until being transferred to USS Phelps (of "we torpedoed the Lexington" fame) in Feb of '42. He stayed there til early '44 when he volunteered for submarines, where he remained until retiring as a Chief Sonarmen in '64. He always fondly yet sadly remembered California, and photos of her were always up prominently in the collection of all the ships he served on. After retirement, he worked in the sonar shop at LBNS until retiring again in 1980. After moving to Oregon, he got bored, and started his own business, doing sonar consulting and repair for the Navy, until the major corporations and builders of the systems felt him encroaching, and cut off his parts supply, finally pushing him into his final retirement, after almost 50 years of service to the US Navy...
As a fun anecdote, just before Desert Storm, while still in "A" school, I received orders to the USS Missouri. We all knew war in Kuwait was imminent. When I told dad about my orders, he joked that "that's great. But do us both a favor. Don't lose your battleship like I lost mine"...😂
A great video, well thought out and presented. I might like to argue some of your points, but... Another time perhaps....
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I remember coming across “From Russia With Love”, the novel, in the library at Camp Darby in Italy (my father was an Army officer) in the year it was published. I was then in 8th grade. VERY heavy stuff.
We had been to Istanbul the year before, so it had a geographic context for me. Connery was a terrific Bond, SPECTRE was a valid foe, and by the time the film was made SMERSH was an equally valid replacement.
I was a cadet in my freshman year at VMI when Kennedy was murdered. In the still picture in your video of John Kennedy Jr, to give you a marker on where American was in that month, the immaculately turned-out officer saluting standing near “John John” is wearing, on his Army Blue formal tunic, the rectangular Expert Infantryman’s badge, a parachutist badge beneath that, and what appears to be an Army marksmanship badge beneath the parachutist’s wings.
The officer may be a lieutenant or captain; I cannot read his shoulder boards. That officer had not been anywhere in action to have yet earned the Combat Infantryman’s Badge, symbolized by a silver wreath around the rectangle of the Expert Infantryman’s Badge. All that was about to change radically, as Lyndon Johnson proceeded to ramp up American military presence in Vietnam, resulting eventually in the decade-long war in which 57,000 Americans would die.
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The sailors of the real CV-6 USS Enterprise didn't seem to mind having children running around the deck when they sailed in on Christmas Eve, so with all do respect to that other sailor I disagree. You get fantastic memories inbedded in thousands of kids forever. You get people like Drachinfel (on YT), USS Battleship New Jersey Curator (YT), and people like you who then go on to sing their stories long after the ship itself can.
There is a good point that I've learned from the New Jersey curator which is that they have to defrock a ton of military sensitive gear and "civilianize" these ships at pretty high cost while they are making repairs and doing other things. There's always some detonator, paperwork, or Radar equipment needing removal before you let dirty civvies like me poke around. You also need displays, fake or training rounds for people to see "in person" how it would be, maybe a mockup or two. Not cheap and requires a lot of paid employees including the volunteers with classification to touch stuff.
But of all the ships we've saved, how did Enterprise not make the list? Japanse, German, or Klingon, the Enterprise always earned the enemy's game face. She deserved better, but I'll take something over nothing.
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One of the defining aspects of conspiracy theories is that they apply an extreme degree of scrutiny to mainstream narratives about the events they purport to explain, and take any small discrepancy or unexplained aspect as cast-iron proof that the whole edifice is built on a lie, no matter how overwhelming the rest of the evidence is. Then they propose an alternative explanation, and 99% of the time they refuse to subject it to even a fraction of the same degree of scrutiny, no matter how flimsy their own evidence is.
My favourite example of this is a 9/11 'Truther' group who for several years ran a stall at events local to me alleging that the official story was a lie, and presenting as their star piece of evidence a claim that far fewer toilet seats had been reclaimed from the Twin Towers wreckage than should have been in the buildings. They even made a big, eye-catching prop based on this idea, with toilet seats hanging from cardboard towers to get people to approach them.
Never, ever did it seem to occur to them that if their story was true it inevitably meant that sinister forces decided to destroy the World Trade Centre, but for some utterly bizarre and inexplicable reason, they decided to sneak in there and surreptitiously steal all the toilet seats in two of the world's tallest buildings first. IDK- apparently the New World Order were willing to wantonly blow up a couple of office blocks worth hundreds of millions of dollars in pursuit of their evil ends, but were simultaneously so cheap that they decided to take out a bunch of used toilet seats to sell on the (apparently lucrative) second-hand toilet seat market. The sheer stupidity made me so unbelievably angry that I couldn't even confront the people on the stall about it because I was worried I'd end up screaming at them or worse.
Anyway, this video and its companion did a great job of systematically applying a forensic level of scrutiny to the claims of the conspiracy theorists, whilst continuously recalling the overwhelming level of evidence against Oswald at every stage. It's incredibly depressing that the rational, evidence-based point of view on this topic is actually the minority point of view at this point in time. Hopefully this will play a part in shifting the dial at least a little bit. Great work.
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For starters, I was only three when JFK was killed, so I have no memory of him. I was probably around 12 when I had real interest in the assassination. All the books I read were mainly about the 4 days, so they were not analytical books and therefore no conspiracy was ever mentioned. In 1973, the movie "Executive Action" is released and it is then I would hear about the three gunman theory. But the books I read said Oswald did it, therefore Oswald did it. The movie was a very interesting speculative piece, but I didn't take it seriously. In 1976 is the first time I would see the Zapruder Film as it was finally shown to the public. Kennedy's head clearly unmistakingly snaps backwards. Okay, NOW maybe there is something to this conspiracy stuff. Remember, I only thought that because of how it LOOKED. Yep, there just HAD to be a second gunman. But wait: In 1988, the PBS show NOVA does an episode on the Assassination, and I was all excited thinking they were going to prove there was more than one gunman. Well, uh, no. They clearly showed it was very possible for one man to have done the whole deed, and what looked like sure-fire evidence was debunked. But there was one conspiracy-related book they mentioned so I managed to get my own copy of it, which is "Six Seconds in Dallas" by Josiah Thompson. And THAT became my source of the possibility of a conspiracy. My goodness, even Vincent Bugliosi admitted it was good. Then in 1991, I visited Dealy Plaza, and it was there that my first seeds of doubt about a second gunman came into being. You can't really tell from the pictures, but the area is small. I have no real experience firing rifles let alone guns, but even I would have had no trouble shooting from that window into that moving limousine. My only Warren Commission doubt came when I stood behind that picket fence. The Warren Commission stated that there MAY have been a second gunman there, but he fired and missed. Well, guess what? If a gunman had fired and missed from that picket fence, he had to have been the worst professional hitman in the history of the world because those pictures don't make it clear just HOW close the fence is to the street - it's very close. But just the same, I couldn't see how there could be multiple gunman in that area and nobody noticed. Now we skip to 2024, and the reality: it looks like one guy did it, did it alone, no conspiracy, and that's that. I will not deny there are fishy elements to the case, but evidence-wise, it looks like one man did it. Yep, where I was soooooooo certain of a second gunman, well, technology caught up with us. It IS possible to be shot from behind and your head snap backward. Yes, you CAN get out 3 shots in the time frame, and if you keep your eyes on Connolly when watching the Zapruder film, you'll notice he in fact DOES react pretty much the same time as Kennedy. So I had to face it. It wasn't easy, but I did. Hopefully, more of the public will think the same, but we will see.
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While I agree with the Warren Commission (Oswald acted alone), at the same time, it’s understandable why conspiracy theories persist.
It seems inconceivable that the handsome well-educated scion of a wealthy family, the most powerful man in the world, gets taken out by a complete snot-nosed loser wastoid who failed at everything else in life. The sad truth is that money and power unfortunately doesn’t make you immune to bullets.
Besides, despite pop culture memes painting assassins as super-skilled geniuses, the truth is that most assassinations were rather clumsy affairs that only succeeded because the assassin had a stroke of luck at the worst possible moment. The Assassination of the Arch-duke Franz Ferdinand reads like a Keystone Kops script and would be hilarious, only that it succeeded and we got WWI along with nearly every other conflict of the 20th century as a result.
In fact, when it comes to presidential assassins, Lee Harvey Oswald being a complete failure of a human being actually completely fits in line with the historical trend. All our presidential assassins, with the exception of John Wilkes Booth who had achieved national renown as an actor, were complete and absolute losers who failed at everything else in life. They were helped along primarily by the fact it wasn’t until McKinley that people were like, “Uh, maybe we should have some kind of security protect the president?” There’s a reason Kennedy has been the only successful assassination since the Secret Service started protecting the president.
Though I still feel that John Wilkes Booth deserves some loser status in that he apparently acted really put-upon by everyone calling his attack on Lincoln cowardly, which you can understand. All he did was sneak up on an unarmed man and shoot him in the head while he was distracted, watching a silly comedy. I don’t know why anyone would see that as cowardly.
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I just found your channel yesterday. Loved the Gulf War video. Just finished this.
I love history. Studied it for under grad. Always been a passion. Don’t have a masters or phd in history. I do have a master’s in business (MBA).
First off, another amazing video! I’ll definitely watch every min of content you produce. You’re amazing! It makes me happy that you’re a professor. Happy the youth have someone like you to guide them.
One simple critique, not insult or anything negative.
You had discussed a topic that you said you’d instantly delete if you saw a comment. Well, I’m going to comment on it but not likely in the way you’d expect. Meaning, I’m not going to insult or throw blame etc. You mentioned that the Democrat Party of today was not the Democratic Party of slavery. Naturally, people evolve. Ideas expand, etc. Having said that, The Democrat Party is the historical party of slavery. I don’t feel it’s an insult, rather history. I loved how you said that not every Democrat was pro slavery and/or cession. But every pro slavery and/or cession Confederate was a Democrat.
With respect to the “big switch” of racist Dixiecrats going to the Republican Party, I have only ever been able to confirm one, Strom. This research was done about 10-12 years ago.
I’d bet a Buffalo Nickel that you know way more about the subject, hence the long and respectful response. Again, from my (admittedly limited) research on the topic years ago, I also came across the fact that Strom, the long time racist, hired only African Americans as a Republican. Does that make up for all his misdeeds? Of course not.
So my question is, if this (Strom hiring only African American workers) is true, how could he be considered part of the “big switch” of racist dixiecrats to the Republican Party if he only hired African Americans to run his office, his team, etc. after the big switch?
Also, could you please let me know some of the other Dixiecrats that were part of the big switch? I’d really appreciate it, Professor. It’s always good to increase our knowledge.
Cheers, Professor!
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This video ranks right up there with Gerald Posner's book, "Case Closed." Both presentations rely on facts and evidence, not speculation and theories about far-flung conspiracies that would have had no humanly chance of ever succeeding. In any murder mystery, there are always going to be pieces that don't fit, but Professor Munger did a terrific job in the first part of the video explaining how such inconsistencies in no way prove that sinister forces conspired to make them so. Not everything fits neatly into a little theoretical package; life oftentimes does not work that way.
Oswald saw a heaven-sent (to him) opportunity to assassinate the President of the United States and he acted on it. Consequently, Jack Ruby also took advantage of a completely random chance to kill the man who had killed, "his President," and he, too, acted accordingly. End of story.
There may be an alternative explanation for what transpired that fateful day in Dallas, but I've yet to see it, and I strongly suspect that is due to the fact that it simply does not exist. Well done, sir.
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That history can be changed by one lone nut with a gun is too much for many people to bear. That a vibrant young president with bright ideas for the future; with a beautiful, young wife, and two small children, whose life was snuffed out at the painfully young age of 46, so violently with a gun. People don't want to accept that truth. Though, history had proven that assassination was possible, and did indeed happen to three former US Presidents. People don't want to accept that life could be so random as to put a sitting US president into the cross hires of an assassin. Strip away all the false conspiracy theories, it is the tragic story of a man named John. People want to make sense of a senseless act of violence. That the president could be killed by a social misfit with a mail order rifle, people can't, and won't believe that. So, it is thought, there must have been a larger web of people involved, so the wild theories are born, and are disseminated. Even though, the truth is that Oswald acted alone.
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You refer to the American War of Independence as a revolution, which is fair enough but, with the benefit of hindsight, could it be seen as more of a civil war? Whig against Tory? Section against section. Brother against brother? Anglo Celt against Anglo Celt? After all, every surname signed on the American Declaration of Independence is either English, Scottish, Irish or Welsh; each signatory, I believe, a British subject prior to their signing. Many may disagree, but it could be argued that democracy as we understand it in the world today is largely a product of the Anglosphere, won as a consequence of three very costly civil wars: The English Civil War in the 17th century; the American War of Independence in the 18th century; and the American Civil War in the 19th century. Would you consider that a reasonable point?
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This is a superb achievement, one which deserves to be seen globally – and the sooner the better. If YouTube had existed in the late 60s and 70s, the simple, unsexy truth would have been far more widely accepted, despite the spate of speculation, misinformation, and lies that inevitably would have spread. Thanks to dogged researchers, writers, and communicators like you, however – and John McAdams, David Reitzes, Gerald Posner, Vincent Bugliosi and others – history still has a chance of being reclaimed.
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@SeanMunger I should clarify what I mean when I say that I think a disgruntled group of communists were involved in the assassination. Perhaps "conspiracy" isn't the right word. I don't think a group of communists got together and systematically and exhaustively planned to assassinate Kennedy. With as much as the FBI and other law enforcement agencies bugged the phone lines of known and suspected communists and spied on their other communication methods, something would've been discovered (even if at a later date) that proves that a communist cell plotted to kill Kennedy. No evidence was ever found.
What we do know is that Oswald was a member of the Fair Play for Cuba Committee, a known communist front organization. When I say that a group of communists "planned" (again, probably not an appropriate word to use) to kill Kennedy, what I mean is that Oswald's affiliation with the Committee brought him into contact with likeminded communists and other radical leftists who surely would've been happy to see Kennedy dead, since Kennedy was perceived as being tough on communism and the Soviet Union.
Did the Fair Play for Cuba Committee as a whole plot to kill Kennedy? No. Did the Communist Party USA as a whole plan to kill Kennedy? No. Did any organized communist group as a whole scheme to kill Kennedy? No (at least, not to my knowledge). However, I don't think we should rule out the possibility that Oswald commiserated with his fellow Committee members and other communists and engaged in conversations in which they fantasized about assassinating Kennedy. Did they directly help Oswald in his spur-of-the-moment mission? No. The physical evidence and eyewitness testimonies demonstrate that Oswald acted alone.
So, what I'm suggesting is that Oswald's politically charged discussions with his fellow communists affected his already weakened mental state. Coupled with the psychological and social stressors of his failing marriage, his lack of a social life, his ideological discontentment with both Soviet-style communism and American democracy, and his general status as an outcast and loser, put him into the mindset of trying something desperate, i.e. assassinating the president of the United States.
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I had a professor in college who, while conceding that Oswald was "officially" the one who did it, spent several class sessions on exploring various claims and pieces of "evidence" to the contrary. Some examples that stick out in my mind, all these years later, are that there were bullet score-marks in the pavement or sidewalks indicating multiple shots from other directions and that only palm prints were taken from Oswald's rifle, and no finger prints. I don't know where he got any of this information.
It definitely sowed doubt in my mind at the time, but the part that keeps me from really settling on it is that the overall counterclaim is that there is somehow a suspicious amount of good evidence pointing at Oswald. The PROOF is suspicious! Like... alright, you know at SOME point you do need to be comfortable with the limits of human understanding. We can't literally go back in time and view, each for ourselves, what happened. And I never found any of the motives for the conspiracies to be especially strong, either.
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The book is still, as far as I know, in the reference section, but in 1981 it could be checked out from the library at William & Mary: the book that was given to passengers on the Bremen's maiden voyage. That I didn't encounter this first at the Mariner's Museum's reference library was unusual.
I enjoyed the placing of this ship among the context of the Weimar Republic and Germany in general in those days. Most of the videos I watch don't add this sort of subtext to their stories.
In deciding to take your advice and watch another video, I chose the one on the Morro Castle. There is a connection between the two, actually. The Morro Castle's designer, Theodore Ferris, proposed the building of an American superliner in the early 1930s. Though it would have been larger, faster, and more powerful, it was also a very close copy of the Bremen and Europa.
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Sean, I just wanted to say, I've deeply enjoyed your history videos since I've started watching them, as something of a history deep-diver myself. :-) Your 1872 election video made me want to recommend a personage from history whose presence at the intersection of pivotal events in America's centennial year is belied by his sheer obscurity today: Thomas Ferry, the then-acting Vice President of the United States. I first twigged to the name in Chernow's Grant biography, when he suddenly shows up at Grant attending a synagogue in early 1876 -- I wanted to know who this guy was, and I quickly realised he managed to be present at both Susan B. Anthony's crashing of the Centennial in Philadelphia (he accepted a signed protest from her) and the electoral count prior to the Electoral Commission after the disputed election (he was the Senate's presiding officer, after all, and basically had to deal with duelilng slates of electors from the disputed states -- sound familiar?).
He is noted officially as the Acting Vice President in all official government documents at the time that I've been able to find online -- he's a very obscure but important juncture point in history. His whole thing seems like it'd be a fascinating video, particularly since you might also want to touch on the singular career and policies of the man he replaced, Henry Wilson -- a Vice President who just happened to die on the November 22nd prior to an election year. Now THERE's a great whacking coincidence (and I am only saying it is coincidence -- just a remarkable one). It's just Ferry and Jerry Ford who ever managed to ascend to the Vice Presidency from Michigan -- again, just a coincidence, but I really think this sort of obscure hub of a momentous year in American history -- 1876 -- would make a great video, and a unique one, since I hardly think anyone's focused on this one guy's importance in the churning events of that era. Weird, obscure, but would be a hell of a topic.
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In my mind, the 1960s was as much in the 1970s as the 1960s. It was carried into the 1970s, mostly by Sonny & Cher. This was a hugely popular TV show, especially with the youth. I think it was their break-up and the collapse of the show that ended the 1960s. The 1960s always had a strong connection to music, and so did the show. There was also a fairy sharp divide between those who were teens during the show and those younger like me. For me, it had almost no appeal. But just a few years older, and they were crazy about it. My generation was about Star Wars, Rocky, disco music, the Rubik's cube, video arcades, science and technology, space (especially Cosmos), body building, running, bicycles, skate boards, motocross, video game consoles and music videos. The 1970s was shorter than the literal 1970s. 75-82. Just as the record player and large concerts shaped the 1960s, the VCR shaped the 1970s and 1980s. Kids watched Movies on VHS dozens of times, just as kids in the 1960s listened to records over and over. The 1980s came on strong. The transition to the culture that was the 1990s was more in sync with the calendar. Maybe slightly delayed.
Elements of the 1960s were transitioned into communes, nudist retreats, and such, as 1960s thinking became more fringe into the later 1970s. Obviously, the smartphone, and social media has had more influence recently. And AI is surely having an influence. I think we will see another big transition when VR really arrives. And at least the youth are using that rather than smartphones. It will probably require a <$400 VR/smartphone devise, that is well thought through, and very portable. Will they find it harder to separate reality from 3D video? Will it make more capable and formidable killers? Hard to say.
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The Saddam Hussein Iraq Invasion of Kuwait
0:00 Iraq Invaded Kuwait on August 2nd, 1990.
1:50 In Little Woody Creek Ranch, President of America George Bush and Prime Minister of Great Britain Margaret Thatcher, discussed the situation between each other.
3:31 Oil 🛢
4:07 Was Saddam Gonna stop at Kuwait?
5:34 George Bush calls up US allies to form an alliance against Saddam Hussein.
6:20 The Persian Gulf War has become overshadowed/obscured in history.
6:51 The 3 "Persian Gulf Wars"
1st: The Iran Iraq War from 1980-1988
2nd: The Persian Gulf War 1990-1991
3rd: The Iraq War 2003-2011
7:25 The video proper begins.
Sean's introduction to this video
8:00 Sean's Introduction
8:43 Sean's Approach to The Persian Gulf War. Sean does not do a "Pins-on-Maps" type of history video. There are other people who do that better than Sean does.
10:15 Notice: The Persian Gulf war features many foreign names, Sean does the best he can to pronounce the names as accurately as he can.
The Setting of The Persian Gulf War: The Middle East
11:20 75% Arabs, 20% Kurds, 5% Other.
12:36 Religion and Ethnicity are bound together in Iraq.
13:34 The Sunni-Shia Islamic Split.
The Empires Who Ruled The Middle East
14:45 Ottoman Empire, British Empire, French Empire.
16:14 World War I in The Middle East.
17:12 1920 - Iraq was made a British Mandate.
17:53 Oil 🛢in Iraq.
18:47 1968 - Iraq Coup.
Iraq's Shatt al-Arab Waterway 31:55, 32:25
20:49 Iraq is a mostly landlocked desert country. The Shatt al-Arab waterway is crucial to Iraq's economic prosperity.
22:07 1975 A Compromise Agreement was made over the Shatt al-Arab Waterway between Iraq and Iran.
22:27 Saddam Hussein worried that The Iran Revolution would spark revolts in Iraqi Shia Muslims.
23:53 Kuwait was largely impoverished, until oil was found in Kuwait in 1937.
24:35 1961 - Kuwait gains Independence from Britain. Kuwait would be a Monarchy.
Who was Saddam Hussein?
26:16 Saddam Hussein was from Tukrit
26:52 Saddam Hussein was raised as a thief and a crook.
27:20 Saddam Hussein was a loyal member of The Ba'ath Party.
28:14 Saddam Hussein admired Abdul al-Nasir's ruling of Egypt.
29:10 Saddam Hussein did not want Iraq-Syria merger.
29:43 Saddam Hussein removes 68 "conspirators" from The Ba'ath Party, Purging opposition.
30:55 Saddam Hussein wanted Iraq to be the big dog/The Largest Power in The Middle East.
32:00 Saddam Hussein wanted sole-control of The Shatt al-Arab Waterway.
The Iran-Iraq War
32:25 September 17th, 1980.
32:59 July 1982. Saddam Hussein executing Shia Muslims, this action was what he was convicted of in the 2006 Trial of Saddam Hussein.
34:10 The Western Allies and Kuwait(!) supported Iraq more than Iran.
36:15 Stirring Up Kurdish Rebels.
37:33 The 1990 Iraq Invasion of Kuwait was caused by the 1986 collapse of Oil prices.
39:33 Saddam rolled the dice and lost.
George Herbert Walker Bush
40:27 June 1940 US Secretary Henry Stinson gave a speech to a crowd including George H.W. Bush.
41:12 1942 George HW Bush joined The US Navy and became a Torpedo Bomber Pilot. He survived being shot down.
41:52 George HW Bush moved to Texas to get into The Oil Business.
42:24 Country Club Republican.
43:21 Reagan Bush ticket 1980. HW Bush was a Loyal Vice-President.
45:24 Weak Democratic Candidate Michael Dukakis.
Patriotism.
46:13 Dark Money Advertizement.
46:38 "Read My Lips: No New Taxes."
George HW Bush's Major Political Events
47:17 1989 Crisis.
- Tienanmen Square Protest/turned into Tienanmen Square Massacre.
- Panama Drug Trafficking which hurt American inner-cities.
49:00 Invade Panama/Capture Manuel Noriega 1989.
50:12 Unify East-West Germany.
52:15 The Collapse of The USSR 52:57 1979-1990.
- 1979 Soviet War in Afghanistan
- 1986 Soviet Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
Slant Drilling
54:26 Oil Extraction.
56:00 Summer 1990 US-Iraq Relations are worsening.
57:38 Saddam Hussein believed his Western enemies would not intervene to stop his Capture of Kuwait.
58:48 Saddam did not plan to invade any other lands after capturing Kuwait.
59:37 Bush and Saddam failed to understand what each other would do.
Flight From Kuwait
1:00:00 The Largest Airlift Flight in History.
1:01:38 Iraqi Troops looted Kuwait of Kuwait's people's wealth.
1:02:43 Kuwaiti people cellphone for help.
1:03:18 Brutal Iraqi Occupation.
1:03:50 Nyra Al-Saba witness to Iraq Military Cruelty. Nyra Al-Saba Lied about this atrocity.
1:06:00 America tells Saddam his days are numbered.
Gulf War Diplomacy
1:06:48 Building a Coalition Military to destroy Iraq's Occupation of Kuwait.
1:08:07 The American Alliance
+ Britain + Australia
+ Egypt + Saudi Arabia + Syria + Morocco + Oman + Pakistan
+ Norway and Sweden sent medical support.
1:09:34 The Arab League was divided by The Iraq Occupation of Kuwait.
1:10:30 Linkage, misdirect Iraq tension to Palestine-Israel tension.
1:12:10 Foundation Stone conflict. The Intefada.
1:13:58 Israel-Palestine military warfare.
Political Life in The West during The Persian Gulf War
1:15:07 Anti-War Movement. "No Blood For Oil." 1:17:10
1:17:36 Growing Recession. 1:19:30 Tax increases for warfare budget.
1:20:33 Margaret Thatcher's resigns from her Prime Minister position on November 22nd, 1990.
1:25:25 George HW Bush & The US Congress.
The Persian Gulf War, On The Battlefield
1:27:20 more sources exist elsewhere
1:28:08 January 17th, 1991 US Coalition Aircraft launch Air Missile Strikes on Iraq.
1:29:58 The Skud Missiles. 1:30:52 vs MIM-104 Patriot Missiles.
1:33:14 Iraqi Occupation is beaten down in Kuwait.
1:34:27 TANK BATTLE, Kuwaiti Recapture of Kuwait.
1:35:38 The prisoners and casualties.
1:36:20 February 26th, retreat, then a ceasefire on February 28th 1991.
1:37:00 'Highway of Death' Bombing.
Media Broadcasting of The Persian Gulf War
1:39:00 The Media/The Press?
1:41:10 CNN had wall-to-wall coverage of The Persian Gulf War, even moreso than the Vietnam War Era.
1:43:10 The Change of Public Media from the 1960s to the 1990s.
Public Trust News of the 1960s vs
Business Media Coverage of the 1990s.
1:44:32 Americans got a cleaner picture of The Gulf War than the brutality that took place.
So what would happen to Saddam Hussein after Iraq's Persian Gulf War defeat?
1:45:30 Iraq was greatly hurt by Saddam Hussein's defeat in The Persian Gulf War
1:48:00 Baghdad did not rebel against Saddam.
1:51:00 The United States troops returned home. Kurdish people were attacked.
1:52:39 UN Resolution #687 keeps economic sanctions on Iraq until Saddam Hussein relinquishes his Weapons of Mass Destruction.
1:53:30 The Weapons of Mass Destruction Saddam claimed he had was embellished, he only had a small handful of those deadly weapons.
Why did The Coalition not Push Into Iraq and Remove Saddam Hussein from Power?
1:55:18 It's a quagmire of resources.
Kuwait was greatly damaged after The Persian Gulf War
1:57:00 Saddam took Kuwait wealth and blew up Kuwait oil rigs.
- Smoky Air
- Bombed Highways
- Burning Oil Wells
1:59:33
2:00:05 1980s research on Nuclear Winter.
2:04:10 PTSD, Depression, Suicide. Landmines STILL IN THE GROUNDS of Kuwait.
Global Warming
2:06:03 Fossil Fuel Financial Interests vs Climate Change.
2:07:27 Linkage.
89% Approval Rating of George HW Bush
2:08:30 Military Victory, Economic Recession.
2:09:45 Thyroid Graves Disease. Fatigue, Worn Out, George HW Bush.
Britain Politics after The Persian Gulf War
2:10:36 new British Prime Minister John Major.
2:11:37 April 9th, 1992. Conservative Majority.
Back in America
2:12:19 Bill Clinton.
2:13:55 Ross Perot.
Somalia Civil War
2:16:00 Famine and Warlord Warfare.
2:17:00 Operation Restore Hope.
2:19:08 Rwandan Genocide.
Osama Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda
2:20:07 Bin Laden's response to The Persian Gulf War.
What Happened to everyone after The Persian Gulf War?
2:21:35 Kuwait.
2:23:13 Saudi Arabia monarchy.
2:23:43 Saddam Hussein flees and hides, until found in a backyard pit in 2003, and prosecuted and hung for his crimes.
2:24:57 The Hostage Kid.
2:25:29 Scot Spicher, the first American casualty of the Persian Gulf War.
2:26:24 Commander Norman Schwartzkoff.
2:26:53 John Sununu.
2:27:24 George H.W. Bush retired.
2:27:53 Margaret Thatcher resigned and retired.
2:28:24 What was important about The Persian Gulf War?
- Oil
2:29:10 New World Order.
2:30:38 Thanks for watching. (Like share subscribe, website, etc.)
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Again, though; I love the video! Its a very nice presentation which finally helped me get some grasp on the subject and, in an extremely rarer case is one of the conspiracies that happen to be true. I think you're very kind to everyone involved irregardless of where we may disagree and this wasperhaps the best program I have ever seen featured on it until I hopped over to Frontline; and even that one may be liberally biased, whether that be right or wrong, but they at least give Reagan his side of the story rather than acting like he is a delusional man with Alzheimers, which he eventually had. Reagan held onto some core values and unique personal beliefs that were frustrating to both Democrats and Republicans but because Republicans have since shaped him to their agenda and Democrats don't want to admit or relive hiww influential he was to their ranks, the move has since been to cast him as disinterested or stupid and this move has practically been upheld by both sides, and not even the libertarian Ron Paul factions can fully pull up and accurately represent Reagan's real views which I have personally gleaned from interviews. You've clearly done your homework on next to everyone else, but your representation of Reagan is largely tabloid or something we might see in The Butler, which I was actually hoping to be a great film but immediately starts off with one of the most retardidly liberal scenes of a white man openly raping the wife of a black share cropper and then unceremoniously shooting him in the head after the husband raised issue with him; which would be powerful material if it had at least in any way resembled the life of the man it is based on, which it doesn't.
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The thing I don't like about 'The Guns of August' is that it's just a straight narrative. "This happened, then this happened, then this happened..." Tuckman doesn't write much about why things happened.
Also, I had it on audiobook and the British narrator had the irritating habit of reading quotes in what he imagined the person's accent to sound like. And like everyone else who fancies they're good at doing foreign accents, he's not. So, for example, Ferdinand Foch, Josef Joffre, Georges Clemenceau, etc. all sound like they're being read by Pepe le Pew. I seem to recall a couple of quotes from Americans who, in the narrator's voice, all sound like Edward G. Robinson. "Yeah... see!"
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Anyone who has done objective research on topic draws the same conclusion. Oswald acted alone. Even a Kook ( fun to read Kook) Stephen King concluded after doing, that Oswald acted alone. While researching for the book, King thought he was going to be writing a book that included a conspiracy. However, after his research for 11/22/1963 evidenced otherwise, he went with lone gunmen. In fact, many of the conspiracy books and films are easily dismantled with the facts. The Conspiracy folks are selling a narrative. The people that want a conspiracy to be the answer already have a preconceived conclusion. I talked to a person who concluded that the lack of evidence was enough to conclude conspiracy. When I said I cannot draw conclusions with a lack of evidence, he looked at me as if I was naive. In other words, everyone is hiding something. On the unreleased records, they believe a smoking gun exists. The film on Bush is the most ridiculous one available. The Nixon was in Dallas that day is almost as asinine. The Lyndon Johnson connection is almost as dumb as the two aforementioned, but nothing stops the ever changing goal post, ever changing theory.
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Firstly, many thanks for your vid, and thank you for your offer of some free online courses, kudos to you. Just a minor tenchnicality, you make a number of references to Nostradamus being medieval, and it being the middle ages. When I went to school the Middle ages, or medieval period was roundly speaking considered to be from 500 to 1500, approximately ending with the discovery of the new world in 1492. The Renaissance actually began in Italy around 1350 - 1400, and spread throughout Europe over the next 50 - 100 years. One of the legends of the Renaissance, Leonardo daVinci died in 1520, when Nostradamus was 17.. With his birth in 1503 and his major publication in the 1550s, would it not be more correct to refer to Nostradamus as mid Renaissance rather than medieval or middle ages?
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I'm 42. I don't quite remember when the scandal was happening, but I vividly remember the investigations afterward. Compared with Watergate, Lewinsky, etc., I believe that its impact was by far the greatest. I say this because it enabled the killing of many people around the world. Just because they weren't in this country does not mean it was not significant. My perspective is also shaped by having Nicaraguan friends who lived through the civil war, and who shared harrowing stories of U.S. "advisers" engaged in kidnapping, torture, and impressing of child soldiers, all in the name of democracy. Incidentally, my former pastor's commanding officer in Vietnam (or just after - not sure) was none other than Oliver North. For what it is worth, he considers North to have been rather unhinged.
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Hey Sean, fantastic work! I love these deep dives on modern American history, even though it takes me a few days to watch through them. There's so many great tidbits to chew on, like, it's wild to imagine a person could recruit people into a company devoid of inventory, devoid of any product at all; I'm not sure if anyone could pull that off today. For some reason I kept hearing "Five or Six! Nights a week!" in my head during parts of this video. 😅
On a side note, I'd be interested if you included inflation-adjusted values to the financial figures you cite. For example, at 22:00 you could include text showing that the $2000 teir would be the equivalent of over $15,000 today. I'm pretty sure you have included those values in other videos, and I always appreciate being able to put dollar amounts from decades past into perspective.
Can't wait to see what topic you cover next, your deep dives are fantastic!
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More and more, I'm coming to believe that, in fact, Oswald acted alone. It started with this. I am an army vet. I wasn't trained as a sniper or anything, but I was trained in the use of weapons. Those shots (Oswald shots) are completely possible with somebody who was trained, and sure enough, Oswald was infact, a former us marine, meaning, he got simular training to what I received. Is it possible there could have been a 2nd shooter working in concert with Oswald, yea, it's possible, but I believe Oswald would have had the skill set to execute this plan.
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"Cuba, after all, had became a client state of Russian client state". Yeah, after the USA had used them for decades as a gambling and prostitution mecca along with almost-slave plantations largely run by the US organized crime such as the maffia, which were allied with the CIA back then, and by many accounts the CIA still has strong ties to organized crime in the USA, central and south America. Castro didn't originally want to ally with the Soviet Union, but the USA wouldn't let them go and haven't forgiven them for breaking free ever since. A lot of the "Cuban Refugees" were people like plantation owners, casino owners, bordello owners, etc and their families who's other more "wholesome" assets that were seized were largely purchased with the illicit money. At that time, if you had major assets in Cuba you'd likely been part of the whole corrupt system. It's no wonder that in the early and mid 20th century when such countries had a revolution one of the first things they would do is nationalize such assets. Countries that didn't were generally immediately overthrown by mercenaries hired by the oligarchs that were left to fester.
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2nd Hour
1:01:12 The 1852 Democratic National Convention.
It took 49 Separate Votes to nominate Franklin Pierce.
1:04:20 Franklin Pierce and Winfield Scott were pretty similar thinkers.
1:05:33 Winter 1853 --> The Benny Pierce Train Tragedy.
Chapter 7: Politics as usual?
1:06:15
1:07:36 Presidents of the mid 1800s gave out jobs to lower level party politicians.
1:09:05 Like Jackson, Pierce gives jobs to political friends.
1:09:52 Keep The Democratic Party United!
1:11:55 Foreign Relations with Britain and Spain. The South wants Cuba as a Slave State.
1:13:37 Stephen Douglas' Kansas-Nebraska Act 1854 1:15:50
Chapter 8: Success?
1:17:57
1:21:12 Filibuster used to refer to businessmen/mercenaries who took over territory for a nation.
1:22:10 Nicaragua is lucrative for trade.
1:25:00 Slavery was too strong an issue, stronger than the president could compromise away.
Chapter 9 Everyone Hates Frankie
1:25:50
1:26:52 The 4 Factions
Northern Whigs,
Northern Democrats,
1:28:59 The North-South divide proved more divisive than Whig-Democrat distinctions.
Southern Whigs,
Southern Democrats
Determining Kansas' Freedom/Slavery Position
1:31:08 Bleeding Kansas Popular Sovereignty.
1:32:28 Pierce wanted a pro-slavery government in Kansas.
1:32:57 November 1855 Violence in Kansas.
The Republican Party Forms circa 1854-1855
1:33:30 Minnesota
Chapter 10: One Week In May
1:36:04 Franklin Pierce popularity fell.
1:37:24 Monday, May 19th, 1856 "The Crime Against Kansas" Speech by Charles Sumner.
1:39:20 Preston Brooks had beaten Charles Sumner with Brook's Cain.
1:40:32 Saturday Night, May 24th, John Brown & His Sons commit The Pottawatomie Massacre
1:41:31 An effigy of Franklin Pierce was burned in his hometown of Concord, New Hampshire.
The 1856 Cincinnati Democratic Nomination Convention
1:42:27 After 17 Ballots, The Democratic Party chooses James Buchanan.
Chapter 11: Alone at Rock Bottom
1:44:33 Depressing stuff. - Dead Family - Nation in an uproar - Violence breaking out.
1:46:09 Franklin Pierce's final State of The Union address.
1:47:20 Jane Pierce was sick. James Buchanan had food poisoning.
1:48:10 The Dred Scott vs Sanford Case.
1:49:45 He looks after his wife.
1:52:01 Nathaniel Hawthorne gets sick, dies in his bed.
- kids dead
- wife dead
- best friend dead
- alcoholic, sick
1:52:57 September, 1869, Franklin Pierce returns home. Suffering Cirrhosis of his liver.
October 7th, 1869 - death by alcohol.
1:54:45 Abraham Lincoln rises up to lead The Country through The American Civil War.
1:55:45 Sean's book featuring Franklin Pierce.
1:56:20 Thanks.
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The problem with all of this is that it is only Titanic's meaning to you. Plenty of people who know nothing of the other factors in the society of the time finding meaning resonating in the Titanic story. If their cultural knowledge and touchstones bear little relation to yours, then you cannot claim any kind of empirical meaning.
The concept of 'quivers' (aren't these just portents by another name?) is fine, but if one can only discern them in retrospect, then they are of no value. Identifying pre-cursors to WWI in paintings is particularly weak - how far in advance of a conflict can these occur for you to link them? A few years? A few decades? If such things presage events of significance, but cannot be distinguished from the cultural noise or ascribed meaning until after the events they presage, then they are pointless.
I am reminded of a scene in a Douglas Adams book whereby a man is touring round a mental hospital. In one of the rooms, a patient is reciting stock market figures. The doctor is asked if they are live numbers. Oh yes, they are. Well, that is amazing. No, it would be amazing if they were tomorrow's stock market numbers. And that's the trouble with quivers. As portents of disaster they can only be interpreted in hindsight. At the time, they meant nothing. And any prediction in them is likely more in the interpretation than any inherent meaning.
With that said, I enjoyed this video. I really enjoyed hearing your thoughts and exploration of the wider societal context. I might disagree with a few things (suffrage wasn't just about women's right and most suffragettes weren't concerned with working class women), but it was an interesting video and I hope you'll make more in the future. I enjoy your presentation style and calm demeanour - a rarity these days!
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Brilliant job of debunking all this Kennedy conspiracy nonsense. I was 13 years old on 11/22/63 and it was clear to this young boy that very evening that Oswald did it. He a) murdered Tippit b) resisted arrested and attempted to shoot DPD Officer Nick McDonald. C) Only employee missing from TSBD 4) His rifle, ordered under his alias Alek Hidell, was found on the 6th floor 5) Said rifle ordered and shipped to his Dallas PO Box 2915 6) Curtain rods story and so on and so on...
Here, from Reclaiming History, are 53 pieces of evidence proving Oswald's guilt. Great job in putting this together thanks for all your hard work.
(1) Oswald always visited Marina in Irving on a Friday. Nov 21 was the first Thursday visit ever.
(2) Oswald's claim to be getting curtain rods in Irving was an implausible lie.
(3) Oswald told Frazier he would NOT be coming back to Irving on Friday night.
(4) That night Oswald avoided Kennedy talk with Marina, a subject it was their custom to discuss.
5) Friday morning, Oswald left almost all his cash and his wedding ring in Irving.
(6) On Friday morning, Oswald placed a long paper-wrapped package in the back seat of Frazier's car.
(7) Frazier noticed that for the first time on a return trip from Irving, Oswald brought no lunch.
(8) On arrival at the TSBD, Oswald walked faster and ahead of Frazier for the first time ever.
(9) For the first time ever, Oswald didn't read the paper in the TSBD domino room.
10) Oswald's pretense with a co-worker that he didn't know JFK's route
(11) Howard Brennan saw Lee Harvey Oswald fire the third shot that killed the President.
(12) Kennedy's assassin was at the now-infamous sixth-floor window.
(13) During interrogation, Oswald put himself on the sixth floor at the time of the assassination.
(14) Oswald's story of getting a Coke after hearing commotion of assassination is not sensible.
(15) It makes no sense that Oswald the "political animal" had no interest in the President's death.
(16) After the assassination, only Oswald missed a roll call at the TSBD.
(17) Oswald walked past his normal bus stop and walked seven blocks to board a different line.
(18) Oswald left the Marsalis bus when it got caught in traffic.
(19) Oswald's not speaking to the cab driver about the assassination is striking.
(20) Oswald had the cab drive past his residence, dropping him off down the road.
(21) Oswald's behavior at his boarding house indicates a flight in progress.
(22) Oswald retrieved his revolver at the rooming house.
(23) In addition to getting a coat and his gun, Oswald changed trousers.
(24) Lee Harvey Oswald murdered J.D. Tippit.
(25) A store manager saw Oswald evading police sirens in front of his store.
(26) Oswald slipped into the Texas Theater without buying a ticket.
(27) When approached by police in the Texas Theater, Oswald said "Well, it is all over now."
(28) Oswald then fought the police and tried to pull his revolver out.
(29) After arrest, Oswald refused to even give his name to arresting officers.
(30) Oswald made a clenched-fist salute to reporters.
(31) Oswald refused a lie detector test.
(32) After visiting him on Saturday, Marina came away convinced of Oswald's guilt.
(33) Oswald's Mannlicher-Carcano rifle was found on the sixth floor of the TSBD.
(34) The mostly intact bullet (CE 399) and two of the fragments were fired from this rifle.
(35) The three expended shells on the sixth floor were "fired in and ejected from" Oswald's rifle.
(36) A handmade paper bag large enough to carry Oswald's rifle was found in the sniper's nest.
(37) Oswald's prints were found on boxes that comprised the sniper's nest.
(38) Oswald was the sole owner of the revolver found in his possession on arrest.
(39) The bullets recovered from Tippit's body were consistent with being fired from Oswald's .38.
(40) The four cartridge shells found at the Tippit murder scene were fired from Oswald's revolver.
(41) A paraffin test on Oswald's hands showed he'd fired a revolver just before his arrest.
(42) Oswald left his blue jacket behind in the TSBD.
(43) Oswald's tan jacket was found along the path Tippit's killer took.
(44) Oswald's work clipboard was found on the sixth floor of the TSBD.
(45) Oswald lied about owning a rifle, and about owning the Mannlicher-Carcano specifically.
(46) Oswald lied about being in the backyard photo where he was holding his rifle.
(47) Oswald lied about having seen the picture before.
(48) Oswald lied about living at the place where the picture with the rifle was taken.
(49) Oswald lied about telling Wesley Frazier the curtain rod story.
(50) Oswald lied about putting a long package into Frazier's car that morning.
(51) Oswald told police the only thing he'd brought to work that morning was his lunch.
(52) Oswald lied about having lunch on the first floor with two other employees.
(53) Oswald lied about where he'd bought his revolver.
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Sean, I watched all the chapters of Part 1 and 2 in order. I think you did a great job, although the conspiracy theorists are likely to reject your conclusions because for many people, it is a form of religion that there was some vast plot to kill Kennedy.. I think that may be because they want such a history-altering event to have been about something more than a lone loser with a rifle. But once one digs into the life of Oswald, and to a lesser extent Jack Ruby, it becomes clear that one sought fame, and the other simply had poor impulse control.
I've not read Bugliosi's book, which seems daunting in its sheer size, but I may devote some time to doing so. For a smaller book that makes the same points and does a great job of delving into Oswald's failed life, and Ruby's motivations for killing him, I'd like to suggest "Case Closed" by Gerald Posner. It is available in audio format and is a great read or listen. You have a new fan and subscriber.
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First of all, this is a GREAT video.
38:45 nice of you to mention the Parsons-Hubbard-Manson connection. Manson was declared "Clear" by his scientology handler in prison. Nevertheless, he used methods of upper grades in the adoctrination of "the family". He knew quite a LOT of Scientology.
For example: At least 2 girls, Brenda and Leslie, have said that Manson had a dinamic in which they had to mimic the movement of his hands and/or facial expressions. The second variant can be seen in the "Manson" documentary. That mimic exercise used to be part of the Church of Scientology's techniques. OT3 if my memory doesn't fail me. Plus there's A LOT of scientology jargon in Manson's prison music tapes. (even "look at your game, girl" is pure Scientology).
Now, there's no occult teachings in Manson, as there were in Parson's and Anger's cases, BUT Manson did know how to make certain things too. String dolls, mantras, mudras, visualizations and certain mental procedures were part of his tools. He stayed in Mexico in the 50's and is said that he picked up some things from there. Folk methods. It was also there that he learned the use of mushrooms too.
PS: Nice of you to include the Esalen Institute!
Such a good work.
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Although this film is dear to me, I find huge problems with its execution at the hands of its many directors. There's an old adage about acting that's also true in life. "Good comedy is best played straight." Although there are certainly humorous moments, they were the result of men whose forced, mundane existence reduced their highest aspirations to those of peeking at naked nurses with binoculars, being shirtless while working in extreme heat and getting drunk as often as possible. Hardly worthwhile activities had they better options. While those moments were played up as if the Bowery Boys had gone to sea, they should have been treated as what they were. The drastically-curtailed meanderings of normal men with no better options given the punitive restrictions of their egomaniacal captain. Because of the ham-fisted direction these segments received to yuck it up to attract audiences, they were portrayed as drunken bumpkins with double-digit IQ's.And in so doing, the profound and self-sacrificing gesture the men make in getting Roberts what he wanted becomes un-weighted from the gravitas it should have gotten. Rather than courageously and selflessly take turns forging the captain's signature on a document that was sure to remove their beloved Roberts from their midst, they they were portrayed as too drunk and stupid to know what they were doing. So their their risk of prosecution for forgery weighed nothing as a gesture. And prosecution would be a very real possibility given the vindictiveness of their captain. This great story deserved better treatment and understanding of its true nature and the lessons of compassion, selflessness, and kindness that were its real message. And as Roberts' letter states so well, the REAL meaning of courage and bravery.
Fonda counted this role as his favorite having played in on Broadway over 2000 times. He came to blows with his old friend Ford over the direction and it would be my guess it was about the very issues about which I wrote above.
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I have an unrelated question, however about another passion of mine: books. I am an avid reader as well as "haver" of books. I don't "collect" them per se. I really only acquire them in a well intentioned plan to have the book to read. I have no care as to new/used or paperback/hardback and have no interest in first editions or matching the formats if a set....though I don't intentionally mismatch for its own sake.
I see books lying around in the floor, but it reminds me of mine. For me, the book is an object to read, not a bookshelf decoration. However, as I read the book, I Try and avoid damaging, creasing the spine, etc. How do you keep your books in such great condition? If I get a book secondhand, I care very little if it has wear on it, but once I own one, I like to treat it gently. I don't wear jewelers gloves, but I do treat them gently. Do you have any odd "rules" you follow with the physical books themselves? Other than obvious examples like clothing, jewelry, cellphone, wallet...books are items we actually touch more than any
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Thank you, thank you….THANK YOU, Sean….for this thoroughly comprehensive analysis & in breaking it down point by minute point! Yes, I am BEYOND incredulous that these - what I term “wacked” - conspiracy theorists CONTINUE to falsely believe that LHO did not act alone & that a conspiracy MUST have been present. Personally I believe that they simply cannot put their collective heads around the fact that this 24 yr-old, self-loathsome, pathetic failure his entire life individual….could be capable of bringing down the most powerful man in the world by himself. Well, you “wacked” conspiracy theorists….he could, & he DID. He couldn’t succeed in any other aspect of his miserable life, & wanted more than anything to be recognized for something, albeit in the most infamous manner possible. And, yes, he finally succeeded.
Again, Sean - a SUPERLATIVE JOB!!!👏👏👏👏👏
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Like all of Dr. Munger's videos which I have seem, this one is impressive and persuasive, but because I have a disputative and contrarian predilection, I would like to make one small quibble. Munger, in an aside, mentions that Trump probably believes he won the 2016 because of some psychological issue. I certainly can't dismiss this interpretation, but I think that another explanation is more likely - he is just lying, something he has been known to do.
I want to thank him for his use of the word "canon", which he uses more broadly, but definitely correctly, than I have hitherto done, and his example will now enhance my vocabulary.
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My father served aboard the U.S,S. Brazos, an oiler (A0-1). He was the Exec, The Navigator, and finished the war as a Lieutenant Commander. I have always wondered if Herman Wouk used the activities of my dad's ship as a part basis for "The Caine Mutiney". My father land several other officers went to a higher authority (not as high as Admiral Bull Halsey as depicted in "The Caine Mutiny") to have the captain of the Brazos removed, as he was a mentally ill, abusive officer. They were successful getting the Captain removed and replaced by legal means, NOT a mutiny.
Had I known Wouk was still alive in the early 2000s, I would have made an effort and contacted Wouk to see if the removal of the captain of the U.S.S. Brazos was a part of Wouk's research when writing "The Caine Mutiny". I know my dad said it happened around August of 1944, sorta close to "The Caine Mutiny" timeline in the fictional stories account. I guess I'll never know now. The Department of the Navy records for the ship never mention the removal of the captain, but certainly the documentation of the order to remove the captain must exist somewhere. Oh well. Thank you for the video.
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There is a slight issue I note in the chronology. Princip was stationed on that corner, because the motorcade was originally to attend the museum, and had to turn a fairly narrow corner to the side street - hard in a 1914 touring car. However, due to the bomb, the motorcade proceeded to the hospital instead, passing at "speed" (a relative thing at the time), and Princip missed his chance for a shot. He had no expectation that the motorcade would return to that spot, or that the car would come to what was essentially a halt on that corner...indeed, the expectation was, I suspect, that the plot had failed with the failure of the bomb to kill the correct target.
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First off the bat, I have to say that this is one of the best and most enjoyable documentaries {I think that ‘video’ doesn’t do it justice} I have ever seen. And I’m not just saying that, because when it comes to this particular subject, I have long found that docu makers and authors have fallen short, even when their angle of approach is original. If I didn’t think it was good, I wouldn’t say it was. That’s just me.
Now, there were a few bits here and there that were inaccurate, but in a 2½
hour documentary, that’s almost forgivable !
I’m a fussy stickler for correct information !!
I don’t mind opinion {in fact, I welcome it} as that gives a basis for good debate and discussion.
That all said, the few inaccuracies don’t let down the documentary because you do state from the beginning what your angle of approach is and you do also state clearly that this is not a deep dive into the crimes. On that level, you more than succeed.
One of the things I like about what you’ve done here is that you’ve managed to tie together in one place stuff that has been hinted at or remarked on in passing for over half a century and you’ve managed to bring out the significance of the LA {and beyond} backdrop. Now, granted, most of the other tomes, articles or interviews don’t have that as their main goal. But it is nonetheless alluded to. By bringing all the geography together {and by extension, the various peoples that embodied and expressed what came with that geography}, you’ve shone a very interesting light on some of the deeper rancour that undergirded Charlie Manson’s thinking and M.O.
Perhaps many will see this as an obvious point, but using Google earth to show the places you talk about was a masterstroke. I first read “Helter Skelter” back in 1978 when I was 15 and living in Nigeria. Being a Black Englishman living in London with many interests in the various branches that bleed into this saga, I’ve pretty much had to rely on my imagination when reading about all of the various places that get mentioned throughout the story. Since the advent of the internet here in 1996 {well, I actually wasn’t interested until 2004 when I got net-connected}, more and more pictures have appeared of various places. But most of them don’t give a global view. Whenever I’ve seen a picture of somewhere connected with the saga, it’s never turned out to be how I imagined it to be. Your documentary emphasizes this even more, but for me, that’s a good thing. Seeing places like the place Lotsapoppa was shot or where Zero met his end or Venice beach and Ocean Front Walk and other places was a real eye-opener. It really was a fascinating way to approach this story.
Although there may have been a few things I didn’t agree with {natural in any conversation about a historical event}, on balance I was interested in the number of conclusions you reached that I also had reached. It often fascinates me when that happens.
Anyway, your efforts are not in vain !
As an aside, I watched your documentary on Nostradamus and I enjoyed it. It’s funny, I’ve long had a suspicion that he was a fake !
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My Dad served on the USS Shangri-La during the last months of WWII through 1946. He was a radioman, like John "Jack" Wilson Jones (mentioned in a previous comment). My impression is that Dad was more involved in maintenance and repair than in operating, though he did go on to be a disk jockey in the 1950s. I remember he had a shipboard 'newspaper' clipping reporting that he'd hit two home runs (off the side of the carrier, I suppose) in a softball game and a card that showed he was a member of Court of King Neptune (or something like that), which was a ritual or initiation that occurred when sailors first crossed the equator, though my Dad was spared some of the initiation hazing because as he had been born in Pago Pago, American Samoa, and had already "crossed the line." He also reported eating creamed shipped beef on toast, which he called by its real name S.O.S. (look it up), which was the only time I ever heard him cuss.
He also had a book called "Operation Crossroads" which detailed the A-bomb tests in 1946 at Bikini Atoll. That book (produced by the US Navy) had a stamp in it indicating it was part of the USS Shangri-La library. I think it also has a stamp reporting the book was discarded, but I'm not sure. I always thought that the USS Shangri-La was involved as a ship participating in or observing Operation Crossroads, but I'm not sure. I have always wondered if Dad's death from chronic myelogenous leukemia could have been related to radiation exposure at Bikini, but I don't know. I know I have that book in a box somewhere in my house, though the previously mentioned newspaper and card are probably gone. Thanks for the video and thanks to all who have served.
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Apparently, the Hindenburg(s) were designed to use helium as their lifting gas, but the US, apparently the only major commercial source of helium at the time, restricted exports of helium under the 1925 Helium Act (Sec. 4), so Germany had to use hydrogen instead. Better lifting capacity, easier to obtain and cheaper, but at a price.
The Act was amended in 1937, after the Hindenburg disaster (and, possibly just as important, after the USS Akron and USS Macon crashes in 1933 and 1935, which demonstrated how dangerous even helium dirigible airships were). The amendment allowed for some helium exports from the United States, as it was no longer seen as a strategic military resource.
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The 70s were such a weird time. Growing up back then, I was worried about the Bermuda Triangle, Bigfoot, the disappearance of Atlantis, UFOs, demonic possession, quicksand, and spontaneous combustion. All of it turned out to be B.S. (well, not quicksand… but I was lead to believe it would be a much more regular occurrence in my life). And the crazy part is that we had all of this bunk shoveled into our heads without the aid of the internet.
However… I once traveled to Brazil and when I looked at the flight tracker at one point, I noticed that we were flying through the Caribbean right through the Bermudan Triangle. Now, I know it’s all nonsense, but the seven year old in me immediately became concerned.😅
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My largest interest in American history is infrastructure, especially public works projects. Both parties were interested in public works until more recently, when most of it went to unions, and unions, almost always supporting Democrats, soured Republicans. Along with that the Libertarian influence of the Republicans has also angled for not only stopping public works but selling highways to companies who would no doubt gouge the heck out of us with ever-increasing tolls if they could get away with it, crippling the economy, or pushing freight into the air at much higher cost.
Anyway, I read that one of the main reasons we replaced the Articles of Confederation with the Constitution was, precisely, so we could build necessary infrastructure connecting the States and promoting commerce. And, in fact, George Washington spent several years riding around on his horse trying to figure out the ideal path for a turnpike. He would not waste years of his life for something that did not matter to him, especially out in the weather, when he was effectively a billionaire by today's standards, and could live in luxury at home.
There are so many projects no one ever talks about. Things like the US Heavy Press Project. That had a massive benefit, allowing our commercial aircraft to be lighter and more efficient than anywhere else, allowing us to sell our aircraft all over the World. We lost that advantage when other countries also built large presses, starting with France in 1976.
I'd love it if you could do a history of highways in the US, or freight rail, waterways, or anything like that.
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The problem with "prophecies" like Nostradamus' is that they are too vague to be useful, even if they really do predict the future. Let's look at the options:
1. The prediction is real, but no action is or can be taken until after it has occurred.
— It is useless as a prophecy. There is no way to be certain if it was referring to a specific event until after the fact anyway (if even then). At best it is a simple curiosity.
2. The prediction is real, you correctly interpret it as referring to some imminent event, and steps are taken to intervene.
— a. You succeed in altering the course of events. At which point the prophecy fails to come true, and it is unknown whether it was interpreted properly, or it was just a coincidental match, and the real event is still to come.
— b. You are unable to alter the course of events, in which case you are essentially back at #1.
3. The prediction, and/or your interpretation of it, is false.
— In which case any attempt to "intervene" is also meaningless, and could perhaps even cause harm if it leads to some form of harsh action or perverse outcome.
In short, predictions must clearly and unambiguously refer to future events in a way that allows you to see them coming and take action against, or else they are meaningless and can—and should—be ignored.
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I enjoyed this video. You provided much food for thought. Thank you. While I agree slavery could (and should) have been abolished in the formulating of the Constitution, given that so many of the writers and at least the first several Presidents were slave owners, eliminating that institution would not have been a consideration. We were furtunate that the noxious legality of owning another human being in some Stares was balanced with the sanity in other States that did not economically depend on it.
Even today it is still a myth that there isn't a strong minority that do not believe in the absolute equality of Americans. And unless one is white and male there are still prejudices to be overcome when attempting to exercise our Rights or when seeking Justice. It's no longer, "Strive to do your best for yourself and your fellow man" as it was at the signing of the Declaration of Independence. It's simply, "Be Best" at any cost.
We are still very much at the mercy of that elite "good old boys club" that decides where our taxes money comes in from and how it it will spent. As well as what money and power influences the lawmaker's decisions are made and how our Justice gets compromised in the Courts of Law.
We are still very much A Great Experiment, that is vulnerable to complete failure particularly within this next half century. I would say far less from foreign threats, than from our own wandering off the path the forefathers set us upon. We've, as a Nation, given up on living up to a God's standard in morality.
We've made a grave mistake to adopt the position that"assumes innocence until proven guilty" when reality tells us we are neither innocent nor guilty, but neutral, until the preponderance of evidence or lack of such evidence proves the case. Shamefully today, the fate of the accused has less to do with the facts than the skill and/or reputation of the lawyers fighting the case.
Are you aware that the American today as the polar opposite of the post WWII heroes, is commonly now regarded internationally as thinking we are individually Sovereign, answering only to ourselves. Godless bullies on the World stage. Like our own youths carrying AR15's into schools, immature, arrogantly violent and truly untrustworthy.
Capitalism in America is thriving today without compassion, cooperation or common goals and without any agreed upon moral compass. That is destroying our resources and our hope for a better life. We've lost the cohesiveness of our family units, our communities, our States and our United States. We protect accused criminals far more then we protect innocent citizens.
Our Lady of Liberty has extinguished her lowered torch and her offer to the World's people has been withdrawn. The "Haves" in the US are unwilling to share enough of their personal wealth to even consider the survival, let alone hope for progress, for their fellow citizens. It is all competition. With all that, where we are headed... Game over. Please convince me I'm wrong for the sake of my children and eight grandchildren who are coming of age in this unstable Country.
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Thanks for posting this very detailed and insightful pod cast.
I see so many parallels between this Cult and the Maga movement.
Trumper's are SO gullible, and tĥe Maga movement is also fueled by a need to belong to something bigger than yourself. People are constantly being shaken down for money, large and small amounts, and cast out, if they don't conform.
(Walk the goose step, if you understand my reference)
People,.Please, PLEASE, please, open your eyes, wake up, and get away from people who are only trying to get something from you.
My uncle was in Amway and ended up a shopaholic and almost bankrupt because of these tactics.
Luckily, my parents saw the light and got out before they ended up like my uncle, who had tried to recruit them.😢
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As tempting as it is to believe that every republican President since Nixon has been a bumbling buffoon being puppeteered by ambitious underlings, I just don't buy it. I think even staunch Republicans will agree that one of the defining characteristics of the party is putting yourself first, and I don't think the true masterminds of Iran-Contra, The Patriot Act, the Crack Epidemic, and the rise of misinformation would be satisfied standing behind a frontman that gets the glory. Maybe once or even twice since 1980, but not all 4 times.
I'm really excited to explore your channel, you're a fantastic teacher. I'd love to see more converage of the '70s and '80s, I think we're all aware of stuff like the crack and AIDS epidemics, but just like Iran Contra, I think most people only understand the broad strokes (myself included).
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Thank you so much! The focus on context as a mandatory element of historical thought is refreshing, and unfortunately rare, at least on Youtube.
Since this video intersects so much with its underlying concern (and since Dr. Munger took the time to point out the extent to which resistance of foreign domination is inherent to the Vietnamese national character) , I wish to advance a terminological suggestion! While it is definitely more important it be referred to by any means at all than by what means we use, I timidly suggest (to anyone who will listen) that the western historical community change the way that it refers to what is usually called The Vietnam War. I suggest an alternative: The Second Indochina War, or IW2. I have three reasons for this:
1) Vietnam is a country; it has sustained national identity for longer than most western nations and against repeated systemic attempts to eradicate it. I am uncomfortable with the notion that in the west the name "Vietnam" has become synonymous with such a small and recent part of a very long and storied history.
2) I feel that even at the time of the conflict, the preceding failures of the French colonial state were ignored at great eventual cost, and that they are now in danger of being even MORE overlooked in academic circles. Certainly IW2 was not the second war in Vietnam, but I feel that this form of reference calls attention to the repetitious character of America's involvement. I feel that both Johnson and Nixon (and probably to some extent Eisenhower) ignored this.
3) IW2 was by no means confined to Vietnam. At all phases of the conflict the surrounding nations (most notably Laos, Cambodia, and China) were - and in many ways, still ARE - ensnared in it. For many years the American government (MY government, if it matters) attempted to sustain the pretense that this was not so. I feel that such pretenses are very much the CAUSE of conflicts that historians are (and ought to be) deeply critical of. Hopefully by such criticism we can prevent or mitigate similar mistakes.
TLDR: Dr. Munger, do NOT stop making these videos :)
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This is what happens when people think a government has the right to lie to its citizens for what it perceives as "justified ", even if they only had to lie because their actions were not justified, often being seen for the reckless, stupid, sadistic, self service that it is without the lies to clean up by creating, or omitting facts. These people sold drugs to fund militants who raped, slaughtered, and committed atrocities. The reasons don't matter. The suffering they caused the Americans in the neighborhood I was born alone have damaged generations, and those effects can still be seen in 2023. The lives they destroyed didn't matter then, and don't matter now, as the villains received a weak slap on the wrist, as if to say all the death you caused, families you destroyed, and legacies of harm you left behind in your wake of self serving destruction are excused because the victims were people that didn't matter then, and don't matter now. This "manipulation of facts", "using technology and power against not just Americans, but against the citizens of the world", still happens today, and those in power still believe it's justified. These people are evil, often incompetent, elitest who believe they have a right because they are of "a certain demographic " defending they're cushy seats in life, and we all know it. How much did Oliver pocket off those sales? How much money did These, the deputies of American government make off selling guns, missiles, and drugs? As long as they can use fear to excuse their actions, they'll keep on doing what they do. I wonder if me knowing too much will make me a bigger target than I've already been... These people have body counts, yet I've done years of incarnation time when I've hurt no one. I have less rights than they do, though they've literally sold drugs, turned government power against Americans, lied in court, lied to the American people, lied to congress, been caught lying outright, murdered, pissed on the law like it was toilet paper, and sold weapons to murderers, without spending a second behind bars.
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BT is one of those things that people encounter for the first time channel surfing late at night, or because it was on. Now, with algorithmic content on Social Media, you either get served it and get further entrenched or, what I assume for most people, they never see it again. They just have a vague impression of it being true because it's a thing they heard as a kid, or heard about in school, and then when they apply a moment's thought to it it's like a shroud has been removed. Sadly for people my age, that seems to be the impression of 'history' as it was taught.
The things I hear from BT enjoyers:
1. You're arguing about the BT being a fixed, knowable phenomenon. An actual place. Obviously, because that's the only way it makes sense as something to talk about. And that's what people claim, anyway. I have heard some people say that it has 'moved' to areas related to modern industrial shipping, like around the strait of malacca. If the criteria is the 'most dangerous' place in the world, the BT would then be located wherever that place in the world is. As our world has gotten 'bigger', the 'location' has changed. It's not a place, but an idea. Why it's still called the Bermuda Triangle? It's much easier for the average History Channel viewer to point at Florida and poorly explain bad history than it is for most people to know where the Philippines are, or where to start explaining the logistics of modern freight shipping and disaster response. Talking about a US fighter pilot messing up is also an appeal to authority that is likely to be received well, and modern navigation technology is a plot hole so it's easier to talk about 'the unknowable 1900s'.
2. I've seen BT be referred to as an 'idea' or 'shorthand', not an actual thing. The message is essentially human vs. nature, maybe tied with we're doing something wrong as a society. It conjures a specific image in the mind, so it makes people feel smart and 'in' to get what it stands for in that context. Like referencing David vs. Goliath or something. They're smart because they OBVIOUSLY know it's not real, but you're not smart because you don't understand what they mean and spent 20 minutes arguing something they already knew.
3. People 'enjoy' consuming it, for different reasons. My friend who is an aviator enjoys it because it highlights how the general public may still view air travel. They are in Florida and have had people ask to avoid the area, for example. The thing people are 'afraid' of isn't a line on a map, it's how hard it is to accept that your life is in the hand of a single person who could just mess up, have a heart attack, whatever. I believe he also enjoys spooking people with the idea. Maybe there's a business to 'explore' the bermuda triangle like ghost tours in big cities. We should explore that.
4. Another one of my friends enjoys BT as a look into how culture has changed since it became popular/mainstream. Specifically spikes in popularity following the vietnam war as a 'distraction', spikes alongside UFO/UAP, and spikes in programming/shows at different points in the war on terror. Modern content on YT/Social Media is also probably interesting to understand. While BT is obviously not real, it's measurable effects on society/culture is valuable to consider.
Obviously not your job to present every possible opposing viewpoint, especially if they have a different root/point than what you're covering in the video, but I feel like this may be where 'disagreements' come from in the comments, miscommunications. You are arguing one thing but the commenter isn't hearing that, they're hearing you fail to disprove their specific brand or impression of the thing.
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This video is spot on, What disturbs me is that I consider myself an Evangelical, I know most of them are frauds, but you are shaking my beliefs in some modern evangelists, I did not know these guys held that much power in the political arena, I never fell for the plan or the business opportunity, but a lot of what I believe comes from this type of teaching, It's like the old saying " don't throw the baby out with the bathwater" some have corrupted the good message,, and have made money from people's suffering, there has been a lot of damage done by these greedy charlatans
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This is my first listen, but no doubt I will repeat it, as I can tell you are an excellent teacher, and there is much to retain. My comment not only wholly agrees with your premise that the founding fathers could have incorporated the freedom and abandonment of slavery there and then, which would have served as a truly honest cornerstone to build out our new idea for government. What they got was a garment we would have to grow into later at a cost of a civil war. As I am sure you know, many Southern founders who owned slaves knew very well the hypocrisy of the document they crafted by their signatures. Many had fanciful rationalizations for putting off their responsibilities until their deaths and their wills'' to correct them, but not until then. Two examples are none other than Washington and Jefferson. What eventually happened was that the Jefferson estate was so deeply in debt that the slaves who may have hoped for their freedom were instead sold off to pay the debt. What happened following Washington's death and the will read it was established that the slaves would be freed after the last spouse died. Martha, who survived him, wound up freeing all the slaves in fear for her life. One last example of a contemporary family of their time who came to a remarkably opposite decision was the Hopkins family of Maryland, who was the father and mother of their famous son, Johns Hopkins. They owned a large tobacco plantation in Maryland, and as Quakers, one day, they reasoned as a matter of faith that owning human beings is totally immoral, so they freed them all. It is interesting to note that document was influenced by the Age of the Enlightenment.
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Phenomenal video, Sean Munger. I figure if Al Gore could get a Nobel prize for making a video, you should have gotten at least two for this one. I'm not exactly a survivor of Amway because I was only "in" for about 6 weeks in the mid 80s before I saw through the organisation's facade, and deep into the depths of its dusty roach-infested innards.
I was "shown the plan" by a colleague, and this happened about 2 seconds after I turned 18. Bought a starter kit for 100 bucks and attended my 1st meeting/pep rally at a Holiday Inn. It was only when I thought back to that "business meeting" that something seemed off about it. The usual rags-to-riches story was along the lines of "I used to be a successful NASA employee/brain surgeon/accountant making great money but I made my first million selling cleaning products door-to-door." Their stories were all too wholesome and cookie-cutter to sound real. Then I found out that the colleague who got me into the business wasn't really as successful as he claimed to be. The Lincoln Town Car was a rental. The fur coat was fake, and he lived in a tiny basement apartment in Hackensack, not a luxury condo in Ft. Lee as he claimed.
What really opened my eyes was an article in Success Magazine (or some other "success" magazine) that laid out the nitty-gritty, bottom line being that the average Amway rep made 0-80 Dollars a month. I was like WHAAAA?!?! I was a college student studying business administration and I figured I stood a much better chance of making my first million in the City working some 9-to-5 than basically weaponising all my friends and relatives to earn 80 bucks a month even if it was a side gig.
I decided to continue with my studies and not be penny wise, so I cut my losses, quit the organisation, and got 20 bucks refunded from my 100 dollar initial "investment." At my next supermarket job, I had a colleague who was a Direct Distributor. She was a cashier with only a high school diploma to her name but I remember seeing her signature one time and she had a "D.D." after her name. I was like what, DD as in Dumpster Diver? Oh wait, no, a "Direct Distributor," almost forgot. All the other Amway-affiliated people I was familiar with were pretty much losers who were faking their successes to make themselves look believable.
About a year after my Amway experience I came across the Amway cassette tape that had been included with my starter kit and popped it into my stereo. We were sitting around on a Friday night drinking beers and put it on as a gag. Well, anyway we goofed on that thing so bad, that at one point I passed out from laughing so hard!
Oh man, now I really want to find that tape!
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Thank you for sharing your research. 99% of all conspiracy theorists have a horse in the race, they all put forward their unintelligent, fake, false, twisted, myopic theories to make money. There is nothing more to it than that. They take advantage of the element of the population that believes in UFOs, Bigfoot, Aliens, Russia Gate, 1619, QAnon, Chemtrails, Death of Paton, Hitler still lives, 911, denial of China as the source of COVID-19, fluoridation, flat earth, and now AI taking control of us. Skepticism is healthy, but as you noted, not if the conspiracy theory refutes facts.
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As I understand it, a young fellow by the name of Carl Sagan actually wrote an article about this in the 1960s, that seriously addressed the possibility of alien visitation in Earth's pre-history. No wild claims, just a sober evaluation. Unfortunately, what began pretty much as an intellectual exercise was basically hijacked by the lunatic fringe and various and sundry profiteers/
For the record, I have absolutely no problem with the idea that ancient peoples could be much smarter than we give credit for. We don't need aliens to explain anything there or, IT WOULD SEEM, any other aspect of Earth's very long history. Of course, that doesn't stop the lunatic fringe at all, or those who feed on them, and that is a major concern.
I say "IT WOULD SEEM" out of basic caution, btw. Stating something cannot possibly be true can sometimes be a good way to get proven wrong, after all. Just say, there is no proof, and leave it at that.
Which leads me to another concern - the opposite reaction to this subject. There is the potential for a kind of 'blind spot', as I see it. Just mentioning or calmly addressing the possibility of alien influence would be an automatic career-killer for pretty much any scientist. So if genuine artifacts were to ever be found, would anyone dare to face it, or would most scientists pretend that the find was something ..... innocuous? This sort of thing has happened before in scientific inquiry, over various matters.
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Sean, I like what you are doing, and clearly it is very good work with high quality I judge. However, there are some fuzzy errors I also judge. Some of your assertions are anecdotal, and not exhaustive, and they would come more powerfully if you could say so. Keep in mind that we are best off if you convince those of us who are trying to be clear thinkers, and avoiding controversy of those who are delusionalists often doesn't help the rest of us, nor any of us in the net. Perhaps I would also like to see more Euclidean level proof attentions, but I know you can only do so much of that and keep the popular attention, not to mention that a concise proof is far more work than a simple anecdote. I hope you keep doing these things, but I also hope you can improve it a little. Very best wishes.
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Hi Sean
Thank you for a great video. I love all your long , in depth videos.
I live in Denmark.
To me, the obstruction of the Suez Canal in 2021 by the Ever Given, was a quiver.
I was, and still is, shocked by the impact this one event had on the availability of food and goods in Europe.
The obstruction lasted only 6 days, but delayed hundreds of ships on their journey between Europe and the regions of the world, that produces the wast majority of our food and goods.
It dawned upon me, how utterly dependent we are, and how fragile the supply chain is. I am sure, we will experience this fragility on a much larger scale in the future.
This goes for the whole of western civilization.
With kind regards
Thomas
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Before the Kennedy Center, before the Watergate complex, back when the Lincoln Memorial was first built, they constructed a wide set of steps going from the Potomac up toward the memorial. These are still there and can be seen on Google Earth between the memorial and the river. (the current roadway between the steps and the river was constructed later) The intent was to allow dignitaries to take a boat up the river, dock at the steps and have a procession up to the memorial with a grand view of the National Mall, the Reflecting Pool, the Washington Monument and on toward the Capitol. As far as I know it was never used for this. However in the late 1950's and early 1960's, there was a flat barge simi-permanently moored at the steps. During the summer, the bands from the various military departments would hold evening concerts on the barge and people could sit on the steps to enjoy the music. I remember attending several of these with my father when I was 12. When the Kennedy Center was built, those outdoor concerts were discontinued and the barge was hauled away. The original name, Water Gate, came from this set of steps. The gateway from the Potomac to the National Mall.
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Thank you so much for this great video!
For a long time, I believed that JFK's assassination involved a conspiracy. Within the last couple of years, I started to reassess that belief and try to think of the "evidence" that convinced me of that and... I couldn't. It was almost as if it was a "well duh" conclusion that was instilled in me. With that in mind, I tried to think about why so many others are also willing to adopt the conspiracy narrative.
This isn't supported by any evidence (that I know of at least), but I think that people want to believe in an alternate narrative because it causes some kind of fear or sadness to accept the real narrative.
At least from what I have seen, JFK is revered in American history and many people really don't want his death to be that simple and dull.
Thats also probably why there are so many different bogus theories around his death which include but not limited to; The mafia, the CIA, the mafia AND the CIA, the USSR, Cuba, domestic political opposition, etc.
A lot of Americans (including me) don't want JFK's death to be so cut and dry like that. If such a powerful and respected man can be just cut down by a lone lunatic and alter US history forever, what does that mean for the other lone lunatics that live among us? Food for thought. Sorry for the rant, thank you for the video again!
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Sean, thanks for another great documentary. Loved the geographical perspective (as an urban planner and historic preservationist). I got interested in the Manson story following the Yippie movement and the trial of the Chicago Seven. One of the seven, I can't remember which, though not making excuses for the murders, thought the Manson trial highlighted failings in the criminal justice system. He thought it was questionable that a person could be found guilty of first degree murder, where the actual killing was done by others. In terms of the timeline, the Grand Jury investigation for the Chicago Seven convened the month after the Manson murders. Either way Manson may not have been responsible for the death of the 60's, but he was responsible for the death of hippy. Which was what really triggered my interest. Attitudes towards alternative lifestyles definitely went negative after Manson. Prior to that hippies, were considered carefree non-violent souls. So I read Ed Sanders' "The Family" in the early 70's. He covered the Beatles and the Beach Boys, but he also pointed to the influence of Frank Herbert's science fiction book "Dune", which has recently spawned two movies. So I read "Dune" and "Dune Messiah" as well, trying to understand how a murderous cult could grow out of the Summer of Love. Sanders said Manson identified with the messianic main character. And, of course, that was where the dune buggies came in.
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I probably don't agree with your politics, that's not important, I just got done watching " Tools Cult" Now this one, Yes you have succeeded with this video,as soon as I turned it on I was hooked, I was born in 1969, so I don't remember, them as current issues, it didn't take long for me to become a news " junkie" Iran hostages, Carter, Reagan, the aftermath of Vietnam, the cold war, and so on, what I find here is highly detailed, precise telling of events, and it's a job well done, Thank You for that
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OK, it's time for bed and I am only at chapter 4. Ignore me if you will, but I do have a comment of slavery. There are times with those rewriting history (as revisionists) are too far away frm the times to understand context. Yes, I know that time is supposed to provide clarity. And there are times it does. In this case it doesn't. Living in the USA in the late 20th and nascent 21st centuries creates a cultural barrier that cannot be breached while living in the USA. I live elsewhere and I can tell you with some real authority that slavery, for the slaver, is seductive, far beyond your understanding. In its own way, it is a drug. You can know on an intellectual level that it is wrong, but you will never give it up. And, our founding father's didn't. Sure Adams was anti-slavery, but he wasn't a slaver. The slavers weren't just in the south (and Maryland was south, Delaware as functionally was as well). There were slavers in New Jersey and New York. Plus New York was deep in bed with the agricultural. south. As honorable as the call to end slavery was, it was never going to happen at the founding. And the Civil War was inevitable.
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While I know the history, being a poli-sci (major) /history (buff) college grad, now in my dotage, and recognizing that there was much by necessity you had to leave on the cutting room floor, I appreciate your video and the quality of the work. Best regards and well wishes from the Philippines. [For decades I lived in Wyoming and every time I was driving toward Gillette Wyoming, and passed a certain oil field, I smiled and President Grant came to mind. Just as when I am in Manila and drive down Taft Blvd., I know that our history is not just in musty old books. The warp and woof of our history is part of our own times. 'Fake electors' is a story of our times too, as is those who would have us believe that elections can't be trusted; just as today we have a supreme court that has, as was the case back in the 1870, withdrawn the rights of the federal government to regulate the elections, and redistricting in various states. If history doesn't repeat itself, it most assuredly rhymes.]
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@SeanMunger I recommended your channel to "vlogging through history" who does a lot of reacting (and thus signal boosting) of other history channels (I hate using the word reacting, there are so much negative connotations, he adds a lot of value to it and never reacts to channels that take issue with it, really makes an effort to not "steal" the views). I'm not a patron or anything, there's no guarantee he'll even see my comment, but I hope you don't mind. If he does make a video about something of yours it's bound to boost your subscribers by a fair amount, and there seems to be a lot of overlap between you guys' interests. EDIT: Seems my comment there got removed, I don't know, maybe because I included a link, but who knows. I wasn't being rude or obnoxious or anything, I assume it was automatically deleted, but either way I wont make a new one, so nevermind about this whole comment I suppose :)
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It seems to me that the whole scam can be revealed without putting a shovel in the ground. The earliest recorded mentions of this treasure coincided with efforts to raise money for exploration. It is reasonable to consider it more probable that those confidence men invented to earlier stories to bolster their claim. This is very common.
An easy example is the Freemasons. A fraternal organization founded in the 18th century in England, created for themselves a backstory that claimed their origins as the builders of the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem, thousands of years before. Of course there is nothing to support this fanciful and improbable tale except the Mason's claim.
The second debunk that shows this is a hoax, is (as you mentioned) the improbable claim that any such treasure would have been buried (1) there, on Oak Island, (2) in that elaborate engineering fashion, and (3) that it went unmolested ever since.
The last piece of this is the weakest. Here one could argue that a pirate crew with terrific wealth, along with some sophisticated engineering knowledge, buried the treasure so elaborately to in case someone slipped up and mentioned it to an outsider. And then, not wanting to risk someone returning on their own, vowed to stay together until the treasure was recovered, only to be lost at sea together on the return voyage. Whew. That is possible, though very improbable. Weak sauce, I'd say.
But even earlier there is a red flag no one seems to cover, or at least I haven't heard.
That is, the original legend has a major flaw. The story was that some boys found a depression under the limb of a tree that was outfitted with a block and tackle, or at least a chain indicating some means of hoisting. This piece of the story would have any skeptical person convinced that such a claim was a hoax or invented legend at first hearing. Why would such an effort be made to secure such a treasure, only to leave a tantalizing clue to its whereabouts, which would beg treasure hunters to search in the first place? They might as well have left a treasure sign next to a big X made out of rocks. And you would have to be extremely credulous to believe the story about the inscription on a buried stone telling people there was a big treasure even deeper. Really? The people who made this massive effort to hide their treasure put a sign telling future hunters that they were getting close? This is the hoaxer confessing to game to watch how many fall for it. This is as much a confession as when hoaxers put a cricket bat in with the Piltdown Man. I''m sure it was a great laugh watching people swallow that yarn.
The legend smells of fraud. And as you pointed out in the video, early skeptics saw it as such as well.
When you hear about such a claim as this, think about what it would look like if it was a hoax. In this case, as in virtually every other "unsolved mystery," they require the acceptance of some claim as true. For Oak Island, the credulous think that finding the treasure will prove the claim, and that nothing else will. And they show years, centuries even, of actual evidence of people searching for the treasure. But all this is telling us is that other people believed in it, not that it was real. And when we examine their reasons for believing it we find they were irrationally credulous to the story.
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I consider myself lucky to have been recommended this video. You've earned a sub!
I wanted to add to the historical context of the time [which you nailed pefectly] by showing some research I found regarding radical republican ancestors.
My Great-Great-Great Grandfather, Jonas Willard Greene III had moved to Manassas, Virginia in 1869 from Maine where he had served for years in the state assembly. He had taken the 1870 census in Prince William County and felt obliged to write back to his local Maine Newspaper about political happenings in Virginia. The following excerpt is an article that was printed Feb 24, 1871 in the Oxford Democrat (<--A newspaper that had actually split from the Democratic party over the very question of slavery, so it was in essence, a liberal republican paper):
"The republicans of this state who went in with the Convention, in 1869, and elected [Gilber Carlton] Walker Governor, got badly cheated, as that organization is nothing more or less that the Democratic organization and party. Notwithstanding Governor Walker's representations to Congress about his republicanism and the party who elected him, with his and their pretended desire to aid the Government in all just measures of reconstruction, if they would admit the state into the Union again. In all this he (Walker) and the party were deceptive. He immediately went over to the Democratic party, favoring them in his appointments and official acts, thus doing the Republicans and their party all the injury he could. This conservative party is a cheat and humbug wherever is shows itself, in all the Southern States, and is designed to distract and divide the Republican party and carry them over to democracy. It will take us a long time to overcome our loss in this State of 1869, but we shall finally triumph. I think we shall do so in the Presidential election of 1872.
The tendency of the Democratic party in the Southern States is to cheat the enfranchised colored people out of all the rights they possibly can, with a view to finally deprive them of the right to suffrage. If that party comes into power again, I believe they will make the attempt to do so. I am one who believes that from the surrender of Lee at Appomattox Court House, VA, April 9th, 1865, to the present time, it would have been better for all concerned both North and South, if the Government had not been so lenient to leading rebels; they should have been made to feel more sternly the power of the Government which they had striven so long and desperately to destroy; many of them interpret the tenderness of the government to weakness, or an acknowledgment that they had done too great wrong. I believe the Government is in no great haste to remove the disabilities of Southern traitors while they are murdering their loyal neighbors. If we can believe the evidence which is borne on every breeze from the South, there are disguised bands of rebels prowling about in the darkness of the the night, doing deeds of the darkest dye in many of the Southern States, and yet the marauders go unpunished. Congress should stop pardoning rebels and do something to protect the lives of loyal citizens everywhere, throughout the length and breadth of our goodly land, if it should take a hundred thousand soldiers to do it. The appointment of that investigating Committee is a step in the right directions. Being in the U.S. Senate on the 18th of January, when that proposition was started by the reading of the President's message on the outrages committed in the South, a very interesting debate sprang up by the democratic members, opposing the appointment of a special committee; this brought out Senator Wilson of MA, Warner of AL, Nye of NV, Chandler of MI, Sawyer of SC, Willey of WV, Morrill of VT. On the republican side, Casserly of CA, Bayard of DE, and one or two other democrats. Senator Nye is a vigorous speaker, and takes high rank in the Senate. I did not have to be told who Senator McCreery, of KY was; his mean look told me he must be the man who could introduce so mean a proposition in that body, as the removal of our loyal dead from Arlington, to make room for the return of the great traitors' family, General Robert E. Lee. I cannot--under all circumstances of his case--look upon him with less detestation than I do of Jeff Davis, caught as he was, in petticoats, and of who Artemas Ward says, he does not believe that he or she knew him or herself to what sex he belonged." Jonas Greene. [Letter written} Manassas, VA, Feb. 13, 1871.
There was a retort to his Op-ed by one, Rev. Joseph Purington, which defended the south, which was already grappling with how to revise history. That too is a fascinating read.
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I don't know if he is one of the saddest presidents, but he certainly had one of the most tragic personal life imaginable.
The one thing all of those presidents have in common is they were trying to hold together a factionalizing nation. Most chose compromise as the most expedient. When "political parties" are themselves divided it makes it even more difficult. It seems most chose to lean on the side of the southern politicians and this arguably proved to be "successful (for lack of a better word). It is telling that the one person who would not have Southern sympathy led directly to a Civil War. As a compromiser, Lincoln wasn't necessarily immune. He certainly did so with the Emancipation Proclamation. If the war had ended after one battle (1st Bull Run) I am reasonably certain slavery would have persisted. Then again, war presidents often get overrated anyway. Presidents who preceded a president who is highly rated often are perceived to be far worse than they were. Often, circumstances within their presidency dictate that as well. After all, Lincoln didn't fix the problem, it exploded in his face.
Pierce's also wasn't necessarily the candidate. He is practically a protest/ safe vote nomination. His votes didn't come from, "we like this guy" but rather we don't want that guy. I couldn't think of a worse way to become a nominee than that.
Alcoholism. I think it is difficult to the two time periods. In a society where it is easy to walk everywhere compared to one where you drive everywhere, you are afforded few opportunities to drink. Plus, with far fewer entertainment options, drinking with friends and coworkers was probably one of the few things you can do to "entertain yourself. I a sure if you removed the technology we will all be sipping a lot more bourbon. LOL
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58:50 I’m so thankful we have modern medicines, prescriptions, therapies, vaccines, various technologies… Even though pharmaceutical companies have purchased most of our doctors and medical care is extremely expensive (at least for us living in the US)… just imagine if the best stage 3 cancer treatment doctors could offer you was something along the lines of “I recommend you pack your bags and go spend the summertime resting on the beaches of northern Germany”. Meanwhile, you’re sitting there in serious pain, BARELY limping through life with full blown brain cancer to the point where you’re experiencing things like: a slow paralysis in your left arm, partial blindness, increasingly frequent epileptic episodes, hallucinations, all the while it’s actively metastasizing to your other vital organs.
I’ll take my expensive and corrupt modern medicine thank you very much (but seriously can someone please fix the ridiculously high treatment costs already).
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Amway is a cult! I joined Amway when I was 22 years old in 1979, I was taken by the deception. They invite you to see the plan. They tell you can be rich and successful. Once you join, you buy a starter kit and contact everyone you know. While you are starting, you have to go the brain washing rallies and listen to the tapes. They tell you at the rallies that if you work for yourself, selling Anway, you are working for God! If you quit or dont join, you were labeled a loser and a stinking thinker! You are encoraged to be a direct distributer. I had noticed that most of the direct distributors were not making a lot of money. Their money was tied up with Amway inventory. The further you went up the food chain to diamond and diamond, those people were making the money of the backs overone under them. If you werent making money, it was your fault. You need to prospect everyday, show the plan and motivate people that you had recruited. You were told that you lacked faith, didnt show plan enough or didnt attend enough brain washing rallies and listening to tapes. You were also encourage to only hang out with Amway people because your own family is too negative if their not pendling Amway! What really was disgusting how people like myself were manipulated by the Amway religion, that states, if you work for Amway, you work for God. If you are not successful in Amway, you dont have enough faith. The Amway religion grossly distorts the teachings of Our Lord for a prosperity gospel message. Thats why many evangelical churches embrace Amway. To be successful you have manipulate people for your wealth. Its a pyramid scheme! If you are in get out! I was fornuate, I didnt stay very long in the Amway cult do my lack of production. I saw that I had to manipulate to be successfull. Thank you for this video exposing their evil!
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Whereas it's true John Major didn't win an election as conservative leader before he became Prime Minister, in the UK we don't actually vote for Prime Ministers so it's not technically correct to call him an "Unelected Prime Minister" as we vote for the Party, It's very much a parties business who their leader is. Mr Major stood in the 87' election (his constituency was Huntington if memory serves), he won and was therefore re-elected as an MP and qualified to be Prime Minister if called to do so.
This is a fairly common thing in post war British politics, Alec Douglas Hume, Jim Callaghan, Gordon Brown, Theresa May, Boris Johnson and Rishi Sunak have all become Prime Minster without a General election. To be fair, such a situation will always upset the people who do not support the party in power. Personally speaking, I'll go so far as to say there is something a little unsporting about changing Prime Minister on us mid-election cycle.. we certainly don't like it.
Now to kind of undermine my own argument slightly.. When I stand In a voting booth, I don't ask myself "which Party am I voting for" I ask myself (as in 2019), "Do I want Jeremy Corbyn or Boris Johnson to be walking into Number 10". However it's important to point out that I wasn't presented with either of their names on the ballot, I'd have to be living in one of their constituencies for that to happen.
It's a small detail, but I thought I'd attempt to articulate it (albeit poorly) in case anyone was interested.
My boyfriend and I thoroughly enjoyed this documentary and were hooked from start to finish, like many other commenters we're grateful for the emphasis on the principle characters, the background and the politics. I can't wait to watch my next Sean Munger video. All the best from Wales, UK.
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You have quickly become one of my favorite, if not my outright favorite history youtuber - you really deserve more subs! Over the past few months I've watched all the deep dives, and I am just catching up on the final few shorter videos I missed such as this one. I really enjoy the way you contextualize history - it is that wide context, where we point out seemingly disparate peoples and events (random example: the Mayflower landed at Plymouth Rock a few years after Shakespeare died) that really makes history come alive!
I am just a bit younger than you, but I also had a fascination with the navy as a kid - as an 80s child I was probably pretty weird for being obsessed with Tom Clancy novels, but I particularly loved submarines and at one point declared I would be a submarine captain when I grew up. I get the sense that you were probably pretty technical for most of your life, so I just have to ask this completely random, yet burning question: did you ever happen to play a DOS based game called 688 Attack Sub? 😋
In case you were curious and wondering how I stumbled across you (for "engagement/business" reasons) - the algorithm was not smart enough to guide me to you. Some months back, around November, Mr. Beat did a livestream talking about other history youtubers, and you were mentioned in the live chat and recommended. I was also delighted to hear Mr. Beat's cameo in your 1924 election video!
I think I mentioned it in another video comment, but I'll go ahead and say it again: my dream video would be you doing a deep dive "Between the Wars" video, covering general and European history from about 1919-1939. I think your specific voice and style would lend itself perfectly to the topic, though I am sure you would have to really define and limit the scope for yourself or it could become a 20 hour long video (which I wouldn't mind actually!).
Thanks for all you do!
-Andy
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Having watched the whole thing in a single sitting, I see the affair in three parts. There’s the botched arms deals with Iran. There’s the diversion. Then there’s the cover-up. The diversion, being the Contras in Iran-Contras scandal, is almost the least important aspect. Had North’s actions taken place entirely under the umbrella of the CIA, which seems to have its own rules set apart from Congress and pesky amendments that stifled support for the war in Nicaragua, then you’d kind of shrug your shoulders at some money being funnelled there. But the US government dealing with terrorists, which arms-for-hostages *was*, was and is counter to the policy of every other administration before and since. What would relations with Iran and Israel be like today without these events? It’s hard to say. Trying to cover it up and lying about it is a political scandal, which the American public didn’t take to heart. They installed another Republican in the White House after Reagan’s term ended. Did Democrats fail to make enough hay from the affair? They won control of the Senate but failed to win the presidency. I get the impression that not enough heads rolled as a result of the scandal becoming public. It’s bizarre living in a world where impeachment is thrown around like confetti, when both Watergate and Iran-Contras weren’t enough to see one, torture at Guantanamo wasn’t, but Clinton-Lewinsky was. The difference? Democrats don’t nail their enemies. Republicans do. I don’t know if that’s a compliment or not.
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Hi Sean,
I have thus far watched all of your videos here on YouTube. I have a lot of thoughts in general about everything you have shared to dedicate so much time, effort, and attention to understanding your message. This video inspired a question for me that I haven't found the answer to.
At the start of the video, you talk about Harper's Ferry and how it is taught as a prerequisite to the civil war, but argue that the same doesn't happen for the Titanic for any event. You then later in the video define the Titanic as a 'quiver' and not an antecedent. Your example and definition of an antecedent being an event that has a clear connection or tie into another, like into WW1. The shakes in a glass of water that comes before a dinosaur.
It is undeniable that every event, trend, or thought sends ripples through our society. The developent of the bicycle, how it required changes to women's clothing to ride comfortably, how this shifted the western world's view of beauty standards, how it symbolically and literally allowed women to be distant from and a focus away from men. How that fed into women's suffrage. How today that relates to abortion rights, gender identity, etc.
What I am saying is that everyone can draw these connections, often personal, from any event in history. Whether a historical event or a personal event in their life. We create an abstraction of that event through our lens and through what we know. The world (abstraction) we've experienced since then. Some people feel inspired to share that abstraction with others. A film, a song, something creative. That everyone listening or watching can find their own meaning in. Their own abstraction.
So I guess my questions is I am confused. In my view, everything is a quiver. Or has the potential to be, if only is is focused on and noticed. If it is remembered, and that someone captures it in their abstraction. The titanic is one of yours, and you've now shared that with us here. I am excited to see what this inspires others to find and share, and especially how it continues to influence me now too. Thank you.
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I think I disagree on the importance of the stationing of troops in Saudi Arabia not being a major reason behind 911. You say it wasn't even in the "top ten" reasons. I think that's a very misguided statement. Any of the other reasons you could come up to top it with are really just branches on the tree that was the "stationing of troops". Indeed, OBL's 1996 fatawa was even named "Declaration of War against the Americans Occupying the Land of the Two Holy Places". While that one was long, it was basically all about infidel intervention in the Middle East. The 1998 fatawa wasn't really a "long list" of grievances, either, it came down to just 3 things: stationing of troops, support for Israel, and the sanctions against Iraq. These three primary reasons drove his recruitment efforts prior to 911 too. I don't think the stationing of troops on holy sites significance should be downplayed. You did include it, so I'm glad for that, but I disagree with the decision to diminish its importance. It was probably the most significant and easily digestible (for his target audience anyway) of the reasons for his fatawa.
Anyway, I love the content and I especially love the way you present it and even cover the aftermath, keep it coming!
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Extremely interesting video, and I really enjoyed it. However, to the discussion about technology and belief in it: beyond the philosophical discussion, which is certainly interesting and not wrong in itself, there is a simple fact to hold on to here. And that is that *it worked*. That, along with the usual profit motives, usually trumps pretty much everything else. You don't have to believe in technology in some special sense to see the advantage of more accurate, more powerful guns - just speaking from a military standpoint here, without any moral evaluation. And when you are trying to overcome an enemy - again no matter whether it's a justified war or whether it makes sense at all -, it quickly becomes a case of keeping pace with their changes in tactics, which includes the development of new types of weapons. The fact that this goes all the way to weapons that can destroy the world as we know it is, to put it mildly, unfortunate, but does not change the underlying logic.
As an example for why this isn't really a new thing: the crossbow was initially despised as a weapon because it was able to pierce knigtly armour in a way nothing else could at distance, allowing a simple farmer without all that much special training to kill a knight. The animosity towards this weapon went so far as to result in a papal edict against it, which in 1139 carried a lot more weight than something similar would today. And what was the eventual outcome ? Crossbows continued to become more popular. Because beyond all the philosophy around it and any beliefs of whether it's morally wrong to use it, *it worked*. And at the end of the day, that's what mattered most.
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I worked at the Hill Aerospace Museum for a decade and got a close look at museum operations. I've visited museum ships around the world. I even was part of the crew of a US Navy amphibious warfare ship, a helicopter carrier, for eight months. Ships start decaying even before they have been launched, certainly during commissioning and their shakedown cruise, especially if they should collide with something including whales, other ships, or a shallow portion of the ocean where the seabed is close to the surface.
We cannot save every artifact. Psychologists regard that to be hording behavior and a flaw, if not a debilitating mental condition. I do suspect that psychologists regard breathing to be a form of illness. When I was informed that talking to animals and having animals tell me things was insanity, I asked the good doctor to accompany me to the kennels and observe the dog handlers working with the K9's. Saving a representative piece of the past--or just an important bit--helps preserve knowledge gained in blood from experience. Aircraft carriers are expensive to mothball, to scrap, to do anything with. It's even expensive to have a SINKEX, when old ships are destroyed by modern weapons to train naval and military personnel and to determine the effectiveness of ship-killing weaponry. In the video, Sean mentioned that transporting the Shangri-La's propeller cost more than the propeller did. Often, artifacts are donated to museums and may be sold to private organizations (such as veteran's groups) for a nominal amount, sometimes a single dollar.
In 1965 while travelling along I-10, my father pointed to a large grey ship and said that the USS Alabama had just been towed from the Mothball Fleet to Mobile. He promised that someday he'd take us kids there for a tour. Last year I fulfilled his promise--solo, unfortunately. Getting the otherwise useless ship from the US Navy wasn't the hard part. Towing the ship from Seattle to Mobile was partially funded by school children chipping in enough nickels and dimes to raise $100,000--and it was the longest non-military tow in history. This may have been Governor George Wallace's most positive contribution--but if BB-60 had been named anything other than Alabama, the incentive to "bring her home" wouldn't have been there. That crowd funding effort was much like funding the installation of Liberty Enlightening the World in Ellis Island at the end of the 19th Century. Crowd funding is very democratic--in the past, monuments were funded either by wealthy individuals, by kings or corporations, or by groups of wealthy people commemorating their past glory.
Where is Shangri-La the place, again? Oh, that's right--an imaginary place. It's in the human mind. I don't know about you, but I can moor neither a physical aircraft carrier nor a real battleship in my mind. Those physical objects need to have a physical place to stay. There was no group of people to crowd fund a dock. It's sad--worse for Enterprise CV-6 (but the Enterprise car rental company commemorates CV-6 with its company name). Or perhaps Star Trek's most popular starship is a memorial. Or perhaps the now decommissioned CVN-65 was the memorial, much like CV-10 Yorktown commemorated CV-5 Yorktown. CVN-80 Enterprise is still being built. At least the ship's bell and one propeller were saved to remember CV-38.
There's always the possibility that a new Shangri-La will be launched. I think it would be appropriate if the US Space Force launched a space station and called it the Shangri-La.
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IMHO, Mauretania II is of the most underrated liners ever constructed.
During the war, she carried a total of 350,178 troops, and steamed a total of 542,446 nautical miles.
Between 1947 and 1957, Mauretania II made 260 crossings (130 round trips), most on the Southampton-Le Havre-Cobh-New York route. She also sometimes supplemented the Queens on the Southampton-Cherbourg-New York route. She carried 241,286 passengers in that timeframe, averaging 928 passengers per crossing.
When she returned to commercial service in April 1947, her capacity was 1,127 passengers; 406 in first class, 364 in cabin class, and 357 in tourist class. This means that on average she was sailing at over 82% of her capacity.
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The proof against Oak Island, for me, is the evidence of the Valley of the Kings. Original pharaohs wanting to be buried there, to prevent their tombs being robbed after their deaths, decided to be buried in a most inhospitable and remote area. But they had to use people to dig those tombs. Even if the early pharaohs decided to kill all the tomb builders, there's no proof that everyone (and the secret) died with them. And the addition of further pharaohs wanting to be buried in this remote area just increases the possibility of future depredations. "My tomb must not be robbed, so I'm gonna get buried in that super secret valley no one knows about." "Oh, the one over there where your grandpa was buried? ok." To create such an elaborate hidden cache of treasure creates a problem of hiding it effectively, as you say. Either the treasure has been gone, stolen almost as soon as it was buried, or was never there in the first place. It's, as you say, a logical mess.
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