Youtube comments of PAPAZA TAKLA ATTIRAN İMAM (@papazataklaattiranimam).

  1. Ottoman harem arts are just dreams of european artists
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  2. Germanistan
    2100
  3. And we Turks literally say this: The Turk has no friends other than the Turk.
    2100
  4. Genghis Khan is described as endowed with the highest intellect and a superhuman willpower , which enabled him to unite heterogeneous Turkic and Mongolian tribes into a single whole .
    1800
  5. "Courage leads people to victory, indecision to danger,cowardice to death." ~Selim the Grim
    1600
  6. Balkan history is always interesting
    1500
  7. They got Germanized,Slavized and Latinized.
    1000
  8. Germanic* history be like
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  9. In his memoirs of the First World War Churchill praised the Turkish nation saying “The Turk was still alive. In his breast was beating the heart of a race that had challenged the world, and for centuries had contended all victoriously all comers” (Churchill, 1929).
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  10. Most articles on Wikipedia are accurate and based on reliable credible sources. However, it cannot be ignored that in many articles about history, politics, etc., propaganda is made with the cherrypicking method.
    615
  11. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, shaping the history of Balkans, Islamization of Northern India, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
    600
  12. Love Indonasia from Turkey 🌝 Aceh Sultanate-Ottoman ❤️
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  13. Baibars ( 1260-77 ) proved himself to be a formidable adversary , unleashing the full force of his military genius on the Crusaders . By the end of his rule he had driven them from Antioch , Krak des Chevaliers and Safita .
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  14. Fun Fact: At the past, Turkic peoples like Bulgars, Khazars, Pechenegs, Avars, Huns, Onogurs, Utigurs, Sabirs, Saragurs, Kutrigurs, Kipchaks, Cumans, Tatars, Ottomans etc. were fighting with each other for Ukraine. But now, Slavic peoples are fighting for it👀
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  15. There were 4 nations which have managed to defeat the 1200's Mongols in war ; Javanese (Majapahit), Turks (Khalji & Bahri Mamluks), Japanese, Vietnamese (Dai Viet). Mongols of the first half of the 13th century however were unstoppable Major nations destroyed by the Mongols ; -Jin(Tungusic) -Khwarezmids(Turkic) -Souther Song(Sinitic) -Kara Khitais(Khitanic) -Cumania(Turkic) -Kievan Rus(Germanic and Slavic) -Seljuk Rum(Turkic) -Abbasids(Arabic) -Western Xia(Qiangic) -Volga Bulgaria(Turkic)
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  16. The Qur'an includes the Surat Ar-Rum, the sura dealing with "the Romans", sometimes translated as "The Byzantines," reflecting a term now used in the West. These Romans of the 7th century, referred to as Byzantines in modern Western scholarship, were the inhabitants of the surviving Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire. Since all ethnic groups within the Roman empire had been granted citizenship by 212 AD, these eastern peoples had come to label themselves Ρωμιοί or Ῥωμαῖοι Romaioi (Romans), using the word for Roman citizen in the eastern lingua franca of Koine Greek. This citizenship label became "Rûm" in Arabic. The Eastern Roman, or Byzantine, Empire traced its origin as an institution to the foundation of Constantinople as the new capital of the Roman Empire in 330 by Constantine the Great. The Byzantine Empire survived the 5th century, when the Western Roman Empire fell, more or less intact and its populace continually maintained that they were Romaioi (Romans), not Hellenes (Greeks), even as the empire's borders gradually became reduced to in the end only encompassing Greek-speaking lands. Nicol 1992, p. ix.
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  17. Hello Indonasian brothers from 🇹🇷
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  18. Afghanistan first became a nation in 1747 under the rule of the ethnic Pashtun Ahmed Shah Durrani. In the 1890s Abd al-Rahman, emir of Kabul, conducted a series of military campaigns that resulted in the country's first centralized government. The Haraza tribes mounted fierce resistance against the Sunni al-Rahman, and he responded with oppression and violence toward the Shii Hazaras. Many Hazaras fled the country for Russia, India, and Iran, and those who remained were subjected to harsh taxation, religious persecution, and enslavement. To diminish the Hazaras' sense of independence, al-Rahman divided the Haz- arajat region into three provinces and granted rights over fertile pasturelands in the region to Pashtun tribes. He moved thousands of Haz- aras to Kabul, where they were forced to work as servants and indentured serfs.
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  19. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, shaping the history of Balkans, Islamization of Northern India, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
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  20. Love France from Turkey 🇹🇷❤️🇫🇷 Old Enemies
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  21. Lenin had a complex view of Stalin. In his later years, he grew increasingly wary of Stalin’s concentration of power. In his “Testament,” written in late 1922 and early 1923, Lenin criticized Stalin’s authority and suggested that he be removed from his position as General Secretary of the Communist Party. Lenin believed that Stalin’s temperament and excessive power could be dangerous for the party and the revolution. Ultimately, Lenin’s concerns foreshadowed the authoritarian direction that Stalin would take after Lenin’s death in 1924.
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  22. Imperium Romanum from 27 BC to 1453 AD never byzantine never greek empire
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  23. Her geçen gün daha da kötüye gidiyoruz 😐 eskiden insanlar geleceğe gitme hayali kurardı biz ise geçmişte gitme hayali kuruyoruz
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  24. There were 4 nations which have managed to defeat the 1200's Mongols in war ; Javanese (Majapahit), Turks (Khalji & Bahri Mamluks), Japanese, Vietnamese (Dai Viet). Mongols of the first half of the 13th century however were unstoppable Major nations destroyed by the Mongols ; -Jin(Tungusic) -Khwarezmids(Turkic) -Souther Song(Sinitic) -Kara Khitais(Khitanic) -Cumania(Turkic) -Kievan Rus(Germanic and Slavic) -Seljuk Rum(Turkic) -Abbasids(Arabic) -Western Xia(Qiangic) -Volga Bulgaria(Turkic)
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  25. Ermenileri çiğ köfte yapmışız :D
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  26. Al-Jahiz, the renowned ninth century Arab prose writer, wrote an essay entitled “The Virtues of the Turks.” In this essay al-Jahiz describes the various contingents that formed the Abbasid army and argues that the Turks were far superior to the other groups when it came to fighting, riding, discipline, and war.
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  27. Yazıklar olsun bize daha kendi ırkdaşlarımıza sahip çıkamıyoruz
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  28. Interesting Fact: Ottoman rulers suffered because they could not protect Indonesia from the Dutch.
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  29. When Temüjin was a boy, the center of the steppe world was the Orkhon Valley, the old imperial site of the Türks. The valley was dominated by the Kereit. To the west, on the upper Irtysh River, lay Naiman territory. The Kereit and Naiman, not the Mongols, were masters of the steppe. The Kereit and Naiman elites spoke Turkic and had partially converted to Christianity under the influence of the Nestorian Church. In an effort to out do each other, To'oril of the Kereit and Tayang Qan of the Naiman accumulated men, weapons, alliances, and prestige. Yesügei Ba'atur sided with the Kereit. Later Chinggis Khan would subdue the Kereit and the Naiman in the course of a protracted effort to defeat all challengers among the steppe peoples. The Horde How the Mongols Changed the World Marie Favereau, p.32-33
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  30. The great historian Ibn Khaldun also argues in his “Introduction to History” (or The Muqaddimah) that nomadic peoples, the Turks foremost among them, were the most energetic and martial of peoples and that imperial dynasties and regimes emerged from such groups until they became corrupted and softened by civilization and luxury, which resulted in a loss of martial energy and group solidarity. This analysis is very true because as the Abbasid caliphate started to lose its power and influence in the mid-ninth century most of the dynasties that emerged to control the various regions of the Muslim world were founded by Turks, either tribal nomads or former slave soldiers. Ibn Khaldun even attributes the victory of the Muslims over the Mongols to the martial power and energy of the Turks, who formed the elite ranks of the Mamluk armies that defeated the Mongols on several occasions as they attempted to advance into Syria and Egypt between 1260 and 1323.
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  31.  @persianguy1524  max poorsian knowledge🤲🏿🤲🏿🤲🏿👳🏾‍♂️👳🏾‍♂️👳🏾‍♂️🍼🍼🍼
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  32. Happy Ottoman noises Happy Tatar noises Happy Manchu noises
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  33. The answer is very simple. Had he lived a little longer, he would have conquered the Parthians and would have been known as "Second Alexander”.
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  34. Most hated countries 1-Israel 2-Turkey 3-Saudi Arabia
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  35. Arabic proverb cited by the North African analytic historian Ibn Khaldun of the fourteenth century: dawlah 'ind al-turk, din 'ind al-'arab wa adab 'ind al-furs Power (rests) with the Turk, religion with the Arab, and culture with the Persian.
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  36. Portugal has great naval history and probably best of early time.
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  37. Baldwin was great warrior
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  38. Lenin said: Despite being poor by ourselves, we can give financial support to Turkey. It is a necessity. Financial support, mercy (compassion) and friendship is a three times larger help. Turkish people should sense that they are not alone. " In his memoirs Aralov writes about the instructions Lenin gave him before he was dispatched to Turkey: "Turks are fighting for their national liberation. The imperialists have robbed Turkey naked, they are still doing it.. Mustafa Kemal Pasha is naturally not a socialist . But it is apparent that he is a good organizer . He is an able leader , leading the national bourgeois revolution . He is an intelligent , progressive leader . He has understood the importance of our socialist revolution , and is favorable toward Russia.. I believe he will destroy the I believe he will destroy the pride of the imperialists and liquidate the Padisah ( Sultan ) together with his lackeys .. Although we are very poor ourselves , we can materially aid Turkey . We must do it . This way the Turkish people will The Russian aid has been in three forms : money , arms and munitions . The precise quantity of this aid is still unknown . But considering that Russian economy was bankrupt at the time , and the country was ridden with warfare against the Allied powers and White Generals , the magnitude of this aid could not be as spectacular as it is sometimes claimed . Never- theless , this has come at the right time when it was most needed to furnish an otherwise poorly equipped Turkish army , and has been instrumental in the final victory. In round figurres the total Russian aid , according to the Turkish envoy Ali Fuad Pase in Moscow , was 10 million gold rubles ( paid in installments ) , rifles , bayonnets , machine - guns , cannons horses and relevant material to equip two divisions .
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  39. Sulu Ayran tarih bilgin sıfır
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  40. Kommagene Krallığı, Antik Çağda, Orta Anadolu'nun güneyindeki Ermeni Helenistik dönem krallıklarından biridir. Batıda Kilikya ve kuzeyde Kapadokya ile çevrili olan Kommagene Krallığı'nın doğu sınırını Fırat Nehri çizmekteydi. Krallık, günümüzdeki Adıyaman, Gaziantep ve Kahramanmaraş illerini kapsamaktaydı. Vikipedi Başkent: Samsat Kuruluş tarihi: MÖ 163
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  41. Do you mean Turks by the Greeks?
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  42. This is not something to be proud of, on the contrary, it is an example of characterlessness. Alp Arslan had also taken the Roman Emperor prisoner, but he treated him very well, did not humiliate him in any way and finally released him.
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  43. Algeria in 2001, and ten years later it became a constitutionally official language in Morocco. These developments have extended the use of Berber to the public domain (e.g., some schools, media outlets, and magazines). Nonetheless, when a Moroccan Arab and a Moroccan Berber meet, the customarily medium of com munication would be Moroccan Arabic possibly because Berber speakers also command Moroccan Arabic and not the opposite. Kurdish is another language that competes for space in the Arabic socio linguistic scene. Kurdish is not a single language, but several languages that are spoken by diverse speech communities spread over areas in southeastern Turkey, western Iran, northern Iraq, northeastern Syria, and smaller parts of Geor gia and Armenia.20 The existence of the Kurdish people in the north parts of the Arab Middle East predates the existence of Arabs in this region (McDowall, 2004; Vali, 2003). Kurdish languages are not mutually intelligible, although they often share a wide range of linguistic properties (Hassanpour, 2012; McDowall, 2004; Meho & Maglaughlin, 2001; Vali, 2003). Within the Arab context, Kurdish is spoken mainly in northern Iraq and in small parts in northern Syria. Like Ber ber, Kurdish had conventionally been a spoken language (McDowall, 2004; Vali, 2003). Since 2003, however, Kurdish has become an official language in Iraq, and henceforward, it came to be used in administration, schools and universities, media, and print. With the current conflict in Syria, the Kurds may replicate the Iraq experience in terms of making Kurdish an official language within a pro spective autonomous state. Outside the Kurd-dominated areas, however, Kurdish has often had meager presence and influence compared to the Syrian and Iraqi dialects (O'Shea, 2004; Sheyholislami, 2008). However, the situation is changing, particularly in the Iraqi context. While the presence of Berber and Kurdish is confined to certain parts of the Arab World, English and, to a lesser extent, French are two global languages whose influence is felt in various parts of the Arabic sociolinguistic arena.
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  44.  Letnistonwandif Berbers were pumping Iberian women at that time😂😂😂😂😂
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  45. Some generations later, the Athenian general and notoriously difficult histori ographer Thucydides (second half of the fifth century BC) went a little further still by trying to make sense of the different Greek dialects and to characterize their interrelationships. He reported, for instance, on a case of dialect mixture on Sicily (Historiae 6.5.1). The inhabitants of the city of Himera spoke, Thucydides claimed, a variety that occupied a middle ground between Chalcidian lonic and Doric, an assertion for which there is, by the way, no historical evidence (Vassallo 2005: 89). The Athenian historian also mentioned that the Greek spoken by the Aetolians was not understood by other Greeks (Historiae 3.94.5), thus apparently proving that not all varieties of Greek were mutually intelligible.
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  46. 1-Kalabalık 2-Teknoloji, eğitim ve kalkınma süper 3-Demografik yapı çok iyi ayarlanmış azınlık ayaklanmasının başarışı olması imkansız
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  47. Love Egypt from Turkey😍😍😍
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  48. Love Indonasia from Turkiye ❤
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  49. Despite the fact that so many Russians fled to Turkey, no one mentioned Turkey in the video.
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  50. Fun Fact: Qing Empire lost almost all battles against European colonial powers
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  51. His writings are very important for medieval Turkic and Mongolic history
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  52. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
    114
  53. In his research of the Volga Bulgar-Khazar connections, Mardzani repeatedly states that these two nations were, in fact, one nation from an ethnic point of view. With reference to Arab writers, he also maintains that the language of the Khazars and that of the Volga Bulgars were very similar, if not one language: From various accounts of the Muslim scholars of history and from the knowledge derived from their numerous books, it follows that in ancient times the Khazars and the Bulgars were two names of one nation which inhabited that country [the Khazar Empire]. In later times, when that great independent state broke into two, the southern part of it was called Khazaria, whereas the northern part became famous under the name of Bulgaria. If this statement of Mardzani is to a large extent correct, which we will try to investigate further in the next section the language spoken by Ibn Fadlan in Bulgaria was essentially the Khazar language. Being of Turkic origin, this tongue, as well as its northern Volga Bulgar dialect was, in comparison with the Turkic dialects of the steppe nomad Turks, already influenced by the terminology of urban life enjoyed in 922 by both the Khazars and the Volga Bulgars. It meant that the basic culture of the Khazars and the Volga Bulgars was very similar, and that Baghdad's plan to enforce the pro-Muslim element in the Judaic Khazar oligarchy by converting the whole of Volga Bulgaria into Islam was even better thought of than was discussed before. Moreover, as we will see, this plan actually paid off when, upon the eventual fall of the Khazars, the Volga Bulgaria started to play a major economic and cultural role in the area. It is important that both Ibn Rusta and al-Ma'sudi were contemporaries of Ibn Fadlan. Whenever their accounts of the region might have been compiled, that is, slightly before or almost immediately after the sojourn of the Caliph's delegation, it is clear that Islam was already if not fully established, than very much present on the lower reaches of the Volga. The question for the delegation thus was rather of increasing the political importance of Islam in the area than of its actual introduction to the Volga Bulgars. From this point of view, it is apparent why Mardzani and other scholars speak of the introduction of Islam to the Volga Bulgars as early as at the end of 8th century. Bukharaev, R. (2000) Islam in Russia: The four seasons. New York: St. Martin's Press. p.47
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  54. Battles described by Herodotus be like
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  55. Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
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  56. Animasyonlardan kalite akıyor, çok müthiş bir tarih-kültür kanalı cidden
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  57. Underrated War Machine Empire (under the Ranjit Singh)
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  58. For European observers, the collapse and fragmentation of the empire in the hands of rival dynasts, confirmed a narrative of decadence they had only too enthusiastically dismissed a few years earlier, as Nader Shah had been characterised as the new Alexander. Now as his successors fought over his legacy, Nader Shah was once again reduced to the caricature of the Oriental despot, a salutary lesson to all of the depredations of arbitrary rule.
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  59. Nadir idolised the legendary Central Asian conquerors Genghis Khan and Emir Timur and imitated their military prowess and especially later in his reign - their cruelty. Nadir's victories briefly made him the Middle East's most powerful sovereign, but his military spending had a ruinous effect on the economy. This last great Asian military conqueror built a huge empire-stretching from the Indus in what is now Pakistan to the Caucasus mountains in the north, to India in the east-but his reign was marked by remarkable cruelty.
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  60. There is even a Bulgarian wine brand named Khan Krum😅
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  61. THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot."
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  62. The name Mongol appeared first in the eighth-century Chinese records of the Tang dynasty, but only resurfaced in the eleventh century during the rule of the Khitan. At first, it was applied to some small and insignificant nomadic tribes in the area of the Onon River. In the thirteenth century, however, the name Mongol grew into an umbrella term for a large group of Mongolic and Turkic tribes united under the rule of Genghis Khan. It is not clear what the Mongols called themselves in their own languages. In fact, the specific origin of the Mongolic languages is unclear. Some linguists have proposed a link to languages like Tungusic and Turkic, which are often included alongside Mongolic in a hypothetical language group called “Altaic languages”, but the evidence for this is rather weak.
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  63. Turkic has always been a predominantly spoken language, used at the courts of the local rulers, in the army, by rural or nomadic populations, and as a lingua franca among the multiethnic tribal confederations. It was even the language of communication in the Mongol army. Turkic has also been a supra-regional language of communication among smaller communities of speakers of minority languages and a means of communication among people of different ethnic backgrounds in certain social and professional groups, e.g. the Bāzārī class in Teheran.
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  64. You forgot about 999 Turkic tribal migrations 😅
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  65. He was probably greatest Romanian in history
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  66. Khazars believe that Togarmah had 10 sons called Ujur , Tauriks , Avar , Uauz , Bizal , Tarna , Khozar , Janur , Balgar and Sabir . These names coincide with different Turkic tribes which settled in the area around the Black and Caspian seas within the Khazarian Empire . Khari, R., 2007. Jats and Gujars. New Delhi: Reference Press, p.21.
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  67. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
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  68. THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot."
    89
  69. Arab dominance did not, however, continue in the political sphere, and one may describe the premodern history of Islam as falling into three periods of political regime. Until the tenth cen- tury, most regions of Islamdom were under the rule of Arabs; in the 10th and 11th centuries, many regions came under the rule of Persians; and from the 11th until the 19th century, almost all areas of the Muslim world were ruled by ethnic Turks or Mongols, whose dominance continued in the Middle East until World War I and the abolishment of the Ottoman Empire in 1924. For nearly a millennium in the Persianate world, the upper echelons of society were seen as divided along ethnic lines into Turks, who constituted the military and ruling class, and Tajiks, Persians, or non-Turks, who were the administrators, accountants, tax-collectors, and land owners. The division was viewed as natural and not unfair because Turks and Mongols were considered ethnically suited to military exploits because of their sturdiness, fierce nature, ability to endure hardship, and superior skills in horsemanship and archery. Even in contexts where Turks did not make up the bulk of the military, rul- ers often used troops belonging to foreign ethnic groups because of their military skills, internal solidarity, lack of attachment to the local populace, and direct allegiance to the ruler. The Fatimids in Egypt (969-1171) employed both troops who belonged to the Berber Kutama tribal confederation from North Africa and "Suda- nese" troops from sub-Saharan Africa. The 14th-century historian Ibn Khaldun argued, reflecting primarily on the Berber dynasties of North Africa, that there was a strong relationship between the life of political regimes and ethnic groups. Tribal groups from outside settled regions have much stronger ethnic solidarity than settled peoples, and this enabled them to work as efficient military units, conquering territories and establishing new dynasties. The settled life of the conquerors, however, corrupted them and made them lose their ethnic solidarity in just a few generations, and this made them vulnerable to new tribal invaders.
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  70. Love Cambodia from Turkiye
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  71. Then they heard some THROAT SINGING
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  72. Korkuyorlar Türk birliğinden 👊
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  73. Happy Greek noises
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  74. The secession of the Southern states (in chronological order, South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina) in 1860–61 and the ensuing outbreak of armed hostilities were the culmination of decades of growing sectional friction over slavery. Between 1815 and 1861 the economy of the Northern states was rapidly modernizing and diversifying. Although agriculture—mostly smaller farms that relied on free labour—remained the dominant sector in the North, industrialization had taken root there. Moreover, Northerners had invested heavily in an expansive and varied transportation system that included canals, roads, steamboats, and railroads; in financial industries such as banking and insurance; and in a large communications network that featured inexpensive, widely available newspapers, magazines, and books, along with the telegraph. By contrast, the Southern economy was based principally on large farms (plantations) that produced commercial crops such as cotton and that relied on slaves as the main labour force. Rather than invest in factories or railroads as Northerners had done, Southerners invested their money in slaves—even more than in land; by 1860, 84 percent of the capital invested in manufacturing was invested in the free (nonslaveholding) states. Yet, to Southerners, as late as 1860, this appeared to be a sound business decision. The price of cotton, the South’s defining crop, had skyrocketed in the 1850s, and the value of slaves—who were, after all, property—rose commensurately. By 1860 the per capita wealth of Southern whites was twice that of Northerners, and three-fifths of the wealthiest individuals in the country were Southerners.
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  75. Yine Muazzam Animasyon :0
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  76. Al-Jahiz, the renowned ninth century Arab prose writer, wrote an essay entitled “The Virtues of the Turks.” In this essay al-Jahiz describes the various contingents that formed the Abbasid army and argues that the Turks were far superior to the other groups when it came to fighting, riding, discipline, and war.
    82
  77. İngilizler toriximizi çoliyiiirrr😂😂😂😂😂
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  78.  @dark_boy_86samadyar96  Or Ghaznavids vs Seljuks, Khazars vs Bulgars, Cumans vs Pechenegs, Qara Qoyunlu vs Aq Qoyunlu, Uzun Hasan vs Mehmed II, Uyghurs vs Second Göktürks…
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  79.  @ChevyChase301  Mongols only assimilated some Turkic, Khitanic and Tungusic tribes in the time of Khamag Khanate and Genghis Khan, they assimilated nobody after that. On the contrary, they began to assimilate themselves. They became Turkic and Sinitic.
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  80. Next video: How Lenin and Ataturk’s collaboration affected the modern world :)
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  81. Based😎
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  82. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
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  83. Turkic and Jewish genealogical myths recorded by King Joseph and Sefer Yosippon identified Khazar as the "brother" of other Turkic tribes like the Bulgars and Sabirs (see below). Syriac legends said that the ancestor of the Khazars was named "Khazarig," the brother of "Bulgarios." Most scholars believe that these legends have a historical basis and that the Khazars were indeed closely related to Turkic tribes such as the Bulgars and Bashkirs.
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  84. Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
    73
  85. Al-Jahiz, the renowned ninth century Arab prose writer, wrote an essay entitled “The Virtues of the Turks.” In this essay al-Jahiz describes the various contingents that formed the Abbasid army and argues that the Turks were far superior to the other groups when it came to fighting, riding, discipline, and war.
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  86. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire. The Turks were considered as the best warriors due to their horsemanship and skill in archery. Kaushik Roy., n.d. Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400-1750: Cavalry, Guns, Government and Ships (Bloomsbury Studies in Military History). p.24. The Turks too , the great warriors of the steppes , were almost haughty in the assumption that they inherited the jihad fighting spirit of the tradition and carried it half - way into Europe . Turko-Persia in Historical Perspective p.94 The Seljukian Turks had had some great warriors ; the period of their power was during the eleventh and twelfth centuries ; they had taken the place of the Arabs as the great Moslem power of the east , though an Arab caliph still nominally reigned at Baghdad . The Divine Aspect of History Volume 2 p.324 In the west the Seljuq invasion of Asia Minor began the process which was to make it the modern land of the Turks and the base from which the greatest Islamic empire of the past 600 years would expand into southeast Europe . MacEachern, S., 2010. The new cultural atlas of the Islamic world. p.32. THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot." Halman, T. and Warner, J., 2007. Rapture and revolution. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, Crescent Hill Publications, p.9. During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries , understanding the Turks ' military organization , given the credit for the greatest empire since antiquity , became a major European preoccupation . Speake, J., n.d. Literature of travel and exploration. p.891. By the middle of the 16th century, the Turks arguably possessed the greatest empire in the world. A History of the Middle East Paperback – March 15, 2006 by Saul S. Friedman (Author) p.181
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  87. Love Japan from Turkiye 🇯🇵❤🇹🇷
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  88. Yavuz’un aldığı gibi bizde kalsaydı keşke mirasına sahip çıkamadık :(
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  89. A similar view was held by the 11th century Arab historian Sa'ed Al-Andalusi. In his book "Category of the nations" he said the following about the Turks: "And their virtue which they skilled in is warfare and its means/tools, they are the best nation when it comes to chivalry, archery and swordsmanship" In another part of the book he says that the Chinese used to refer to the king of the Turks as "The king of the lions".
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  90. Sosyal medyanın en kötü tarafı bir propagandanın ışık hızıyla yayılması
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  91. Ottomans conquered Cyprus from Venetians, Venetians took from Crusaders, Crusaders took from Romans… Where were Greeks lol🤣
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  92. Result: 30 billion casualties
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  93. Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
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  94. Fun Fact: Romanovs were the first Slavic dynasty that ruled Russia.
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  95. At the past, Turkic peoples like Bulgars, Khazars, Pechenegs, Avars, Huns, Onogurs, Utigurs, Sabirs, Saragurs, Kutrigurs, Kipchaks, Cumans, Tatars, Ottomans etc. were fighting with each other for Ukraine. But now, Slavic peoples are fighting for it👀
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  96. The Macedonians were a neighboring people in the northern Aegean who spoke a language that was similar to Greek yet apparently unintelligible to Greek speakers. After long existence as an Aegean backwater, Macedonia emerged in the mid-fourth century BC to become the most powerful state in the region and eventually the entire eastern Mediterranean world. Over time Greek colonization and military hegemony in the wider Aegean resulted in Hellenic cultural diffusion: the process of assimilation was slow, but by the early fourth century BC the Macedonian royal court had made several significant advances. With its dispersed rural population Macedonia also possessed a greater capacity for military manpower than any individual Greek city-state. Were these resources ever harnessed by an effective king, Macedonia's potential as an Aegean power was considerable. A Short History of the Ancient World by Nicholas K. Rauh (Author), Heidi E. Kraus (Author), John C. Hill (Contributor) p.167
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  97. In short, it is hard to think of any other ethnolinguistic entity in history that conquered so vast a territory and founded so many empires and states, also contributing to world civilizations. The history of the Turkic peoples was an important factor in world history for more than a millennium until the emergence of Europe as the world's dominant power. What happened in the Turkic world often affected the history of China, Central Asia, the Middle East, South Asia, and Europe. One may also argue that world history began with the "Turko-Mongol" empire created by Chinggis Khan. In the contemporary world, Turkic-speaking nations form six states (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, and Turkey/Türkiye) and several "autonomous" units in Russia (the republics of Chuvash, Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Altai, Khakassia, Tuva, and Sakha) and China (the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). Turkic peoples also reside as minority groups in several other countries, including Mongolia and Iran, among others. It would therefore be difficult to acquire a comprehensive understanding of world history as well as our present world without studying the history of the Turkic peoples.
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  98.  Andres Garcia  Greeks??? Even Greeks themselves are not largely hellenic by blood
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  99. Wikipedia Kingdom of Commagene Anatolia in the early 1st century AD with Commagene as a Roman client state The Kingdom of Commagene (Ancient Greek: Βασίλειον τῆς Kομμαγηνῆς; Classical Armenian: Կոմմագէնեայ թագաւորութիւն; transcription: kommagēneay t‘agaworowt‘iwn; Armenian pronunciation: [kommage:neˈa tʰagaworuˈtʰiwn]; Armenian: Կոմմագենեի թագավորություն; Armenian pronunciation: [kommagɛnɛˈi tʰagavorutʰˈjun]) was an ancient Armenian kingdom of the Hellenistic period, located in and around the ancient city of Samosata, which served as its capital. The Iron Age name of Samosata, Kummuh, probably gives its name to Commagene. Commagene has been characterized as a "buffer state" between Armenia, Parthia, Syria, and Rome; culturally, it seems to have been correspondingly mixed. The kings of the Kingdom of Commagene claimed descent from Orontes with Darius I of Persia as their ancestor, by his marriage to Rodogoune, daughter of Artaxerxes II who had a family descent from king Darius I. The territory of Commagene corresponds roughly to the modern Turkish provinces of Adıyaman and northern Antep. Little is known of the region of Commagene prior to the beginning of the 2nd century BC. However, it seems that, from what little evidence remains, Commagene formed part of a larger state that also included the Kingdom of Sophene. This control lasted until c. 163 BC, when the local satrap, Ptolemaeus of Commagene, established himself as independent ruler following the death of the Seleucid king, Antiochus IV Epiphanes. The Kingdom of Commagene maintained its independence until 17 AD, when it was made a Roman province by Emperor Tiberius. It reemerged as an independent kingdom when Antiochus IV of Commagene was reinstated to the throne by order of Caligula, then deprived of it by that same emperor, then restored to it a couple of years later by his successor, Claudius. The re-emergent state lasted until 72 AD, when the Emperor Vespasian finally and definitively made it part of the Roman Empire. Monumental head of the goddess Commagene from Mount Nemrut One of the kingdom's most lasting visible remains is the archaeological site on Mount Nemrut, a sanctuary dedicated by King Antiochus Theos to a number of syncretistic Graeco-Iranian deities as well as to himself and the deified land of Commagene. It is now a World Heritage Site. Information Kingdom of Commagene Βασίλειον τῆς Kομμαγηνῆς 163 BC – 72 AD Map showing Commagene (at left in light pink) in 50 AD; nearby are Armenia, Sophene, Osrhoene, and the Roman and Parthian Empires Map showing Commagene (at left in light pink) in 50 AD; nearby are Armenia, Sophene, Osrhoene, and the Roman and Parthian Empires Capital Samosata Common languages Greek (official), Armenian, Syriac, Persian Government Monarchy King • 163–130 BC Ptolemaeus • 38–72 AD Antiochus IV Historical era Hellenistic Age • Established 163 BC • Disestablished 72 AD Preceded by Succeeded by Kingdom of Sophene Roman Empire Today part of Syria Turkey Cultural identity Antiochus I of Commagene, shaking hands with Herakles. The cultural identity of the Kingdom of Commagene has been variously characterized. Pierre Merlat suggests that the Commagenian city of Doliche, like others in its vicinity, was "half Iranianized and half Hellenized". David M. Lang describes Commagene as "a former Armenian satellite kingdom", while Blömer and Winter call it a "Hellenistic kingdom". Frank McLynn denominates it "a small Hellenised Armenian kingdom in southern Anatolia". While suggesting that a local dialect of Aramaic might have been spoken there, Fergus Millar considers that, "In some parts of the Euphrates region, such as Commagene, nothing approaching an answer to questions about local culture is possible." While the language used on public monuments was typically Greek, Commagene's rulers made no secret of their Persian and Armenian affinities. The kings of Commagene claimed descent from the Orontid Dynasty and would therefore have been related to the family that founded the Kingdom of Armenia; the accuracy of these claims, however, is uncertain. At Antiochus Theos' sanctuary at Mount Nemrut, the king erected monumental statues of deities with mixed Greek and Iranian names, such as Zeus-Oromasdes, while celebrating his own descent from the royal families of Persia and Armenia in a Greek-language inscription. Over the course of the first centuries BC and AD, the names given on a tomb at Sofraz Köy show a mix of "typical Hellenistic dynastic names with an early introduction of Latin personal names." Lang notes the vitality of Graeco-Roman culture in Commagene. While few things about his origins are known with certainty, 2nd-century Attic Greek poet Lucian of Samosata claimed to have been born in the former kingdom of Commagene, in Samosata, and described himself in one satirical work as "an Assyrian". Despite writing well after the Roman conquest, Lucian claimed to be "still barbarous in speech and almost wearing a jacket (kandys) in the Assyrian style"; this has been taken as a possible, but not definitive, allusion to the possibility that his native language was an Aramaic dialect. History Mithras-Helios, in Phrygian cap with solar rays, with Antiochus I of Commagene. (Mt Nemrut, 1st century BC) Commagene was originally a small Syro-Hittite kingdom, located in modern south-central Turkey, with its capital at Samosata (modern Samsat, near the Euphrates). It was first mentioned in Assyrian texts as Kummuhu, which was normally an ally of Assyria, but eventually annexed as a province in 708 BC under Sargon II. The Achaemenid Empire then conquered Commagene in the 6th century BC and Alexander the Great conquered the territory in the 4th century BC. After the breakup of the Empire of Alexander the Great, the region became part of the Hellenistic Seleucids, and Commagene emerged in about 163 BC as a state and province in the Greco-Syrian Seleucid Empire. The Hellenistic kingdom of Commagene, bounded by Cilicia on the west and Cappadocia on the north, arose in 162 BC when its governor, Ptolemy, a satrap of the disintegrating Seleucid Empire, declared himself independent. Ptolemy's dynasty was related to the Parthian kings, but his descendant Mithridates I Callinicus (109 BC–70 BC) embraced Hellenistic culture and married the Syrian Greek Princess Laodice VII Thea. His dynasty could thus claim ties with both Alexander the Great and the Persian kings. This marriage may also have been part of a peace treaty between Commagene and the Seleucid Empire. From this point on, the kingdom of Commagene became more Greek than Persian. With Sophene, it was to serve as an important centre for the transmission of Hellenistic and Roman culture in the region. Details are sketchy, but Mithridates Callinicus is thought have accepted Armenian suzerainty during the reign of Tigranes II the Great. Mithridates and Laodice's son was King Antiochus I Theos of Commagene (reigned 70 –38 BC). Antiochus was an ally of the Roman general Pompey during the latter's campaigns against Mithridates VI of Pontus in 64 BC. Thanks to his diplomatic skills, Antiochus was able to keep Commagene independent from the Romans. In 17 when Antiochus III of Commagene died, Emperor Tiberius annexed Commagene to the province of Syria. According to Josephus, this move was supported by the local nobility but opposed by the mass of the common people, who preferred to remain under their kings as before; Tacitus, on the other hand, states that "most preferred Roman, but others royal rule". In 38 AD, Caligula reinstated Antiochus III's son Antiochus IV and also gave him the wild areas of Cilicia to govern. Antiochus IV was the only client king of Commagene under the Roman Empire. Deposed by Caligula and restored again upon Claudius' accession in 41, Antiochus reigned until 72, when Emperor Vespasian deposed the dynasty and definitively re-annexed the territory to Syria, acting on allegations "that Antiochus was about to revolt from the Romans... reported by the Governor Caesennius Paetus". The Legio VI Ferrata, which Paetus led into Commagene, was not resisted by the populace; a day-long battle with Antiochus' sons Epiphanes and Callinicus ended in a draw, and Antiochus surrendered. The Legio III Gallica would occupy the area by 73 AD. A 1st-century letter in Syriac by Mara Bar Serapion describes refugees fleeing the Romans across the Euphrates and bemoans the Romans' refusal to let the refugees return; this might describe the Roman takeover of either 18 or 72. The descendants of Antiochus IV lived prosperously and in distinction in Anatolia, Greece, Italy, and the Middle East. As a testament to the descendants of Antiochus IV, the citizens of Athens erected a funeral monument in honor of his grandson Philopappos, who was a benefactor of the city, upon his death in 116. Another descendant of Antiochus IV was the historian Gaius Asinius Quadratus, who lived in the 3rd century.
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  100. Many slaves from Eastern Europe rose to high office as slave officials in Byzantium and in the Ottoman empire . Others became soldiers , workers and artisans . Many Slavic women became concubines . Nomads from Central Asia regularly raided Slavic areas for slaves until states developed .
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  101. Based
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  102. Keep Crying
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  103.  Letnistonwandif ​​⁠ Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222 The earliest reference to the Mongols classifies them as a Tang dynasty tribe of Shiwei during the eighth century. It was only after the fall of the Liao dynasty in 1125 that they became an important tribe on the Central Asian steppe, but tribal wars weakened their power over the ensuing century. During the thirteenth century, the term Mongol was used to refer to the Mongolic and Turkic tribes who fell under the control of Genghis Khan. The Mongols are primarily a shamanist society; their central deity is the sky god Tenger. Native Peoples of the World: An Encyclopedia of Groups, Cultures and Contemporary Issues By Steven L. Danver, p.225 When Temüjin was a boy, the center of the steppe world was the Orkhon Valley, the old imperial site of the Türks. The valley was dominated by the Kereit. To the west, on the upper Irtysh River, lay Naiman territory. The Kereit and Naiman, not the Mongols, were masters of the steppe. The Kereit and Naiman elites spoke Turkic and had partially converted to Christianity under the influence of the Nestorian Church. In an effort to out do each other, To'oril of the Kereit and Tayang Qan of the Naiman accumulated men, weapons, alliances, and prestige. Yesügei Ba'atur sided with the Kereit. Later Chinggis Khan would subdue the Kereit and the Naiman in the course of a protracted effort to defeat all challengers among the steppe peoples. The Horde How the Mongols Changed the World Marie Favereau, p.32-33
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  104. Love Mexico from Turkiye❤
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  105. Love Japan from Turkiye ❤
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  106. One of the best empires of all time
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  107. A mafia leader becomes a youtuber and crashes the algorithm. WELCOME TO TURKEY !
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  108. Coolest alphabet😎
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  109. Babur regarded himself a Timur-i Turk. In dynastic terms, Babur referred to himself either as a Turk, or a Timurid, and like other patrilineal descendants of Temür, he inherited the title mirza – an Arabic-Persian contraction of the phrase amir zadeh, son of an amir, a prince or noble. His Chaghatai Mongol male kins were known as khans, after their patrilineal descent from Chinggis Khan. Babur never thought of himself as a Mongol, but his dual descent justifies calling his Indian conquests the Timurid-Mughal Empire. Being a patrilineal descendant of Timur, Babur considered himself a Timurid and Chagatai Turkic. There is confusion about Babur's ethnicity. Being a descendant of Timur, he considered himself as a Timurid of Turk. For example, the Indian Moghal Empire was established by Turks. But many scholars still hold the erin swf belief that the Moghals were of Mongol origin. The truth is that the language of the Moghals was Turkic, and that the founders of this empire were proud of being Turk. A Chaghatai Turk, he claimed descent from both of the great Central Asian conquerors, Timur and, more remotely, Chingiz Khan. It was this connection with the great Mongol invader that gave the dynasty the misleading appellation of "Mughal" or "Mongol." This is especially ironic, since Babur himself had an intense dislike for the Mongols. While it is too late to change the long-accepted nomenclature, it is worth remembering that the Mughal dynasty was Turkish in origin, and the cultural tradition which Babur imported into India was the one which had flourished on the banks of the Oxus.
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  110. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
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  111. Ultra angry Italian invader noises
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  112. Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
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  113. Özellikle bizim ülkede inanılmaz yüksek sosyal medya kullanımı dolayısıyla çok sayıda propaganda da hızla yayılıyor.
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  114. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
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  115. Genghis Khan is described as endowed with the highest intellect and a superhuman willpower , which enabled him to unite heterogeneous Turkic and Mongolian tribes into a single whole .
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  116. One of the most impressive portraits is that of Nur-ad-Din, emir of Aleppo and Damascus. William credited him with foresight and circumspec tion, with wisdom and restraint in his judgment, and with prudence. He con sidered Nur-ad-Din to be a just, godfearing, religious, and hence happy, blessed man (justus, timens Deum, religiosus, felix). These traits, comple mented by intelligence, imaginativeness and vigor, qualified him as both an excellent leader of the Muslims and a dangerous opponent of the Christians. William was very much aware of this discrepancy. However, he did not pres ent the two sides separately; rather, he integrated these qualities in a rounded portrait. Thus, in what amounts to an obituary, William noted on the death of the prince: "Nur-ad-Din (is dead), the greatest persecutor of the Christian name and faith, yet a just, shrewd and provident man, and religious accord ing to his people's tradition." It seems to me that William of Tyre has thus acknowledged the Muslim leader as a religious person. One is reminded of St. Peter's speech in the house of the Roman centurion Cornelius in Cae sarea, who is said in the Acts to be a vir religiosus, timens Deum (Acts, 10:2) and justus (Acts, 10:22): "But in every nation he that fears him, and works righteousness, is accepted with him" (Acts, 10:35)". This idea has not ex actly had a great influence on the Christian's external relationships. It is all the more remarkable to find one of its advocates on the scene during the Crusades. Some of his battle victories: Siege of Edessa (1146) Fall of Turbessel Battle of Harim Battle of Lake Huleh (1157) Battle of Inab Battle of Aintab First Crusader invasion, 1163 Second Crusader invasion, 1164
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  117. The descendants of Timur who ruled in India called themselves Chaghtai Turks and looked down upon the Mughals or Mongols as half - barbarians . Rise and Fall of the Mughal Empire, Vol 1., Ram Prasad Tripathi Central Book Depot, 1960 p.1
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  118. Bing Chilling-Roman relations are one of the most interesting topics in history.
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  119. Fun Fact: Even great muslim warriors in history like Selim I, Nader Shah, Alauddin Khalji etc. were known as “Sikandar-i Sani” which simply means second/new Alexander.
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  120. Arabic proverb cited by the North African analytic historian Ibn Khaldun of the fourteenth century: dawlah 'ind al-turk, din 'ind al-'arab wa adab 'ind al-furs Power (rests) with the Turk, religion with the Arab, and culture with the Persian.
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  121. The reason that the Türks and other Turkic nomads were formidable warriors was that they were horse-archers. A horse-archer specifically denotes a mounted warrior armed with a bow who can shoot from horseback while riding. The Turkic nomadic warriors as well as the Mongols used the composite bow, which was made of horn, wood, and sinew. The composite bow was more accurate and had a better range and rate of fire than muskets and early firearms. The tactical principles of the Turkic horse-archers were based on the combination of fire power and mobility. yhe nomadic horse-archers shot in volleys, weakening the enemy before they charged. Ideally, they practiced "fire power in movement" like modern armies.Other things being equal, the horse-archers were often almost unbeatable on the open battlefields. Against them, sedentary soldiers were often helpless until the development of efficient battlefield handguns, including the repeating firearms (the firearms that could be fired repeatedly before being manually reloaded) in the seventeenth century.
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  122. Angry Ottoman noises😬
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  123. Sosin Azra ben sizi anladım çeşitli devletlere uygarlıklara konup bunlar kürttür diyip(komagene,urartu,hitit...) aklısıra sizden önce vardık falan yapacaksınız😂😂😂😂😂😂 Kimse inanmıyor artık bu numaralara
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  124. Kings and Generals also made a video about a traveler today :-) Interesting
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  125. Serbian-Albanian comment battles loading...
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  126. Those who founded and developed the Ottoman Empire had "Turkishness consciousness" and at the same time did not neglect the knowledge of "ummah". Ki question is "national" and the other "religious" identity. The two achieve perfection together. Famous Ottoman historian and Shaykh al-Islam Hodja Sadeddin Efendi uses expressions such as "Turkish heroes", "Turkish soldiers whose victories are shadowed" while describing the Ottoman conquests in his work titled "Tacü't Tevarih". On the other hand, Mustafa Ali of Gelibolulu, one of the most important historians of the 16th century, underlines his knowledge of "Turk" with the definition of "elite nation, beautiful ummah, Turkish nation" in the history of "Kühn-ul Ahbar". Solakzade Mehmet Hemdemi Efendi, one of the historians of the 17th century, mentions in his works "the son of the Turk who conquered Constantinople" Almost all palace historians attribute the Ottoman Dynasty to Oghuz Khan and Central Asia. They repeat it over and over again from the Ottomans, the Oghuz lineage and the Kayı Boyu. Fatih Sultan Mehmed, to his grandson from Cem Sultan "Oguz", II. He calls his grandson from Bayezid "Feared". Sultan II. The name of one of Abdülhamid's grandchildren is “Ertuğrul” (I think it was the poet Eşref, when they said “Sultan Abdülhamid became a grandson, they named him Ertuğrul”, he said, “When we say that the dynasty is over, are they starting again?” Malum: Osman Gazi The name of his father was “Ertuğrul”. When the Timur State claimed to be "Turkish", Sultan II. Murad feels the need to emphasize that the Ottoman Empire is also a "Turkish State" and puts Kayı Boyu's stamp on the coins and balls. Again, Sultan II. Turkish comes to the forefront during the Murad period, Yazıcızade Ali not only translates the "Selçukname" (Ibn Bibi) in which the Oghuzs and Turks are told into the Turkish of the time, but also enriches it with some additions and additions. In the period of Fatih, many religious, literary, moral, medical, political, dictionary and encyclopedic works are translated into Turkish. All official correspondence in the state is already in Turkish. Europeans are always the Ottoman "Turkey", the Sultan "Sultan of Turkey", in the Ottoman Empire "Turkey," he says, the Ottoman Empire in the map of Europe, "Turkish Empire" is shown as. So much so that the Europeans call the Muslim "turned Turkish". That is how Turkishness and Islam are identified. Although some of the grand viziers are "devshirme", the overwhelming majority of senior bureaucrats are "Turks". At the head of the administration is the "Turkish son Turkish" sultan. But the Ottoman State is never a "nation state". It was a multi-religious, multi-lingual, multiethnic formation. Therefore, top managers do not practice "Turkism", but they are never ashamed of their "Turkishness". As a matter of fact, the harsh response of Kanuni to the famous Grand Vizier Pargali Ibrahim Pasha who joked with Kanuni as "Big Turk" is famous: "Yes, I am Turk, do you have something to say?" You can imagine that Pargali went to the bottom of this answer.
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  127. Earthquakes are destiny of Turkey :(
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  128. Sosin Azra sizin tarihiniz öyle bir tarihtir ki anlatandan başkası buna inanmaz,anlatanlar sanki görmüşçesine anlatır ve bu yalanları kabul etmeyenler ırkçılıkla ve gerçekleri inkar etmekle suçlanır(senin yaptığın gibi)sahtekarlıklarınızı kabul etmeyenleri faşistlikle suçlamak gibi saçma bir huyunuz var
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  129. Neither Holy Nor Roman Nor an Empire
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  130. Islamic history is always interesting
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  131. Mamlūk authors almost always refer to their Sultanate as " the state of the Turks " ( dawlat al - atrāk dawlat al - turk/ al - dawla al - turkiyya ) . They usually seem to be aware of the fact that the reign of the “ Turks "
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  132. This visionary Sultan, who ascended to the Ottoman throne in 1451, left an indelible mark on the world with his military genius and his grand vision of a vast and powerful empire. Mehmed II was not only a conqueror but also a statesman, an architect, and a patron of the arts, whose achievements would shape the destiny of the Ottoman Empire.
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  133. Judaist Turks* not jews or jewish who are part of Canaanite peoples
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  134. More videos about mesoamerican history should come
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  135. To understand a biological tribal affiliation (in terms of Y-chromosomal haplogroups, subclades, and haplotypes) of two excavated Khazar bone remains in the lower Don region in the south of Russia, we have extracted and analyzed their DNA and showed that both belonged to haplogroup R1a and its subclade Z93. The pattern could be considered typically “Turkic”, and not a Jewish DNA lineage. Their haplotypes were also identified and reported here. The haplotypes indicate that both Khazars were unrelated to each other in a sense that their common ancestor lived as long as 1500 - 2500 years earlier than them, in the middle of the II millennium BC—beginning of the I millennium BC, during typically Scythian times or somewhat earlier. Their haplotypes are unrelated to well-known Jewish haplotypes of haplogroup R1a. Klyosov, Anatole & Faleeva, T.. (2017). Excavated DNA from Two Khazar Burials. Advances in Anthropology. 07. 17-21. 10.4236/aa.2017.71002.
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  136. Sosin Azra Tuncelideki koçbaşı şeklinde dikili mezar taşları Türkmen mezarlarıdır komagene ile birlikte med ve mitanni kürt olarak kabul edilmiyor boşa kıçını yırtma uluslararası arenada tınlanmıyorsun
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  137. I love Crusade history :-)
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  138. Happy Mongolic noises Sad Tungusic, Sinitic and Tangut noises
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  139. Sosin Azra ben de diyordum bu troll bitlisname sayfasının linkini ne zaman paylaşacak sözde tarih(!) sayfanız uluslararası arenadan tamamen kopuk bir şekilde kaynaksız yazılar paylaşan uyduruk bir sayfadır Sondan eklemeli dil konuşan İber kafkas kavmi olan hurrilerden tut da dünyaca ibrani olarak kabul edilen hz.ibrahime kadar kürt diyen trol sayfanıza mı inanıcam??? Elinize bi koz geçmiş inkarcı foşist fırsattan istifade her şeyi kürt yapalım inanmayanlara da faşist diyelim inkarcı diyelim yalanlarımızı kabul ettirelim On binlerin dönüşü isimli kitabı al bi siteden oku kürtlerle ilgili herhangi bir söylemde bulunulmamış ve yine aynı şekilde ulusrararası arenada kürt diye kabul edilmiyor karduklar kitabı oku kendi gözünle gör sırf kürt kelimesine benziyor diye sahiplendiniz illa isim benzerliği olacaksa en çok benzeşen kelime Karluk kelimesidir Benim için belli başlı evrensel güvenilir kaynaklar vardır: Britannica Geacron Newworldencyclopedia Historium Cambridge history En son da ingilizce wikipedia vs. Türkçe kaynaklardan okumayı çok tercih etmem Benim araştırma yaptığım kaynaklara bak bi de sana bak😂😂😂😂😂😂 Pkknın internet sayfası uzantıları Hadi Türkiye gizledi amerika ingiltere fransa bunlar da mı bilmeyecek Minorsky size tarih üretmeye çalıştı zorla o bile beceremedi😂😂😂😂 Türkler kendi tarihlerini çinlilerden araplardan iranlılardan ve avrupalılardan öğrenmiştir Orhun Abidelerini danimarkalı bilim adamı gitti de okudu bu taşın üzerinde Türk yazıyor dedi bizden kimse moğolistana incelemeye gitmedi Göbeklitepe hakkında ingilizce yazı atarım ama sen yine havlarsın Göbeklitepe ve Ön Türkler isimli kitap var ayrıca Göbeklitepede oz tamgaları ve bozkurt işaretleri var vikipediye bakarsan görürsün Tarihin olmayınca foşix Türkler toriximizi gizleyir😂😂😂😂😂 Öyle bi tarihin var ki yazılı kadim tarihte 300sene öncesi yok Çalıntı dediğiniz şarkıların hiçbiri 2sene öncesine kadar yoktu son senelerde bu propagandalar ortaya atıldı özellikle kürtlerin milliyetçi şarkılara saldırıları dikkat çekmekte Mesela Ölürüm Türkiyem için 2017ağustosunda kürtlerden çalıntı diye bir iddia ortaya atıldı üstelik bir de fotoğraf koydular o müziğe ait diye o Fotoğrafın karartılmış yeni bir fotoğraf olduğu ortaya çıkınca da kürtler kıvırmaya başladı hemen sizde sahtekarlık bitmez Çocuklukta seni kandıra kandıra büyütmüşler😂😂😂😂 Sen araştırma yapmazsın Ulusrarası arena nedir bilmezsin Pkk önüne bi yazı atar ona inanırsın Ben ilber ortaylı ve historium daki yabancı profösörleri dinlerken sen tarih bölümü dahi okumamış pkklı sahtekarların yazılarına videolarına inanırsın Aramızdaki tarih anlayışı farkını anlamışsındır umarım
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  140. Napoleon Bonaparte is reputed to have observed the following of Nader Shah's reign: “Nader was a great warrior but lacked the foresight to think of the present state and the future of his country.”
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  141. One of the best warriors of all time
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  142. Roman Empire > all bigger doesn’t mean better
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  143. In the kingdom of Timur and his descendants , the inhabitants of Moghulistan were referred to by the pejorative term jätä 3 " robbers " . The expression " the Jätä country " is often used by the historians as a synonym of Mo ghulistan . Bartol'd, V., 1962. Four studies on the history of Central Asia. Leiden: [s.n.], p.139. Timur was proud to call himself a Turk and hated the appellation “ Mongol ” even for his pre - Islamic ancestors . In fact , the Mongols who had migrated to newly occupied countries in the time of Chengiz Khan , integrated with the people of the Central Asian region , thus giving birth to a Turkish population . In Mongolia they retained their original characteristics . Nomadic feudalism was the pivot around which the Mongol social organization revolved . The history of Mongol feudalism is the history of their social institutions . Khan, Y., 1976. Two studies in early Mughal history. Simla: Indian Institute of Advanced Study, p.6. About this period, I asked my father to tell me the history of our family from the time of Yafet Aghlan, which he did, nearly in the following manner: " It is written in the Turkish history, that we are descended from Yafet Aghlan, commonly called (Abu al Atrak) Father of the Turks, son of (the Patriarch,) Japhet, he was the first monarch of the Turks: when his fifth son Aljeh Khan ascended the throne, the all gracious God bestowed on him twin sons, one of which was called Tatar, the other Moghul Timur. (2013). CHAPTER III. In C. Stewart (Trans.), The Mulfuzat Timury, or, Autobiographical Memoirs of the Moghul Emperor Timur: Written in the Jagtay Turky Language (Cambridge Library Collection - Perspectives from the Royal Asiatic Society, pp. 27-31). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139507325.015 Tīmūr’s identity as a Turk was not lim- ited only to his understanding of himself, his skills, and his heritage. All the people that he encountered, whether in the marketplace or at the royal palace, immediately recognized him as a Türk-bacha , a Turk-boy, presumably for his attire and perhaps for his looks. Possibly, he represented to them an arche- typal nomad. Whatever the reason, they still found it the most convenient and intuitive manner to address him, not knowing his name. Sela, R. (2011). Youth. In The Legendary Biographies of Tamerlane: Islam and Heroic Apocrypha in Central Asia(Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization, pp. 76-91). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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  144.  @ahmetcihankara4589  Persians were nobody after collapse of Sasanians🤣 That’s why persian kids are so jealous about Turkic history. Some small hellenic and arabic bois completely destroyed them😭
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  145.  @umutmakascoglu2705  Turks never got Arabized. Being Jarab was even insult among us.
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  146. Support Ukraine from Turkey
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  147. Superpower in the time of Timur
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  148. Sulu Ayran sen de oku ingilizce yazıyı az tarih öğren
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  149. Sosin Azra Geçmişte bi devletin kürt olduğunu sizden başka söyleyen yok İşte sorun orada Britannicayı hayatında açıp okumamışsın bana karşı gelmeye yelteniyorsun çok komik kaynak istesem kıçını ayırıp gösterecek bi sayfaya inanıyorsun 😂😂😂😂😂 Britannica kürtler maddesinde karduya için şöyle diyor:bazı tarihçiler gordyene bölgesinin kürtlere ait olabileceğine söylemiştir ama bu genel olarak kabul edilmemiştir
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  150. Love Ethiopia from Turkey 🇹🇷❤️🇪🇹
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  151. John Cena is actually an Albanian which makes Albanian people so proud😎
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  152. Nuraldin Zangi 😍😍😍
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  153. The dominant reference point in religious warfare in the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries was the Turk, and this chapter argues that ‘Turkishness’ was a multifaceted and changing identity. For many the essential enemy was the Ottoman Turks, whose aggression and brutality were widely disseminated. Their activities and plans were subjected to numerous prophetic and apocalyptic readings. Many contemporaries described their Christian opponents as Turks or ‘worse than Turks’, a practice that demonstrated both the potency of the Turkish image and the internal divisions which plagued the Christian world. For Erasmus and other moral reformers the Turk resided within each Christian, and Christian sinfulness was fully as fatal to the common defence of Europe as political rivalries. It was the achievement of Thomas More to synthesize these three images in a number of works that he wrote in the late 1520s and early 1530s.
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  154. Xiong-nu language in Chinese inscriptions 撑犁 (Chēng lí) 撑犁 term in Chinese inscriptions is associated with the old Turkic tengri. Tengri means sky. 瓯脱 (Ōu tuō) 瓯脱 means room[7]. Borrowed from Proto-Turkic *otag[8], also reconstructed as *ōtag. Although linguists concentrate on *otag, since long vowels are not preserved in languages that need to be protected, there are also those who claim that it is derived from the Proto-Turkic word *ōtwhich means fire(see Proto-Turkic Vocabulary lesson). *otag means tent or room, but also fireplace is suggested. 头曼 (Tóu màn) The name Touman is likely related to a word meaning '10,000, a myriad' Old Turkic tümän
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  155. Krum was not only a great warrior but an effective administrator as well . He issued the first national law code in the history of the Bulgarian state , a fragment of which has survived .
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  156. Sosin Azra biz sizin gibi soysuz bi millet olmadık Türk kelimesi geçmiyor demişsin 552 yılında kurulan Göktürk İmparatorluğunu nerenize sokacaksınız??? Ayrıca Osmanlıya laf etmişsin bu beni etkilemez ancak burada insanları provake edersin Osmanlıda Türkçe her zaman resmi dil olmuştur ve yöneticilerde kut anlayışı vardı Bana inanmıyorsan kendin oku Britannica Ottoman Empire, empire created by Turkish tribes in Anatolia (Asia Minor) that grew to be one of the most powerful states in the world during the 15th and 16th centuries. The Ottoman period spanned more than 600 years and came to an end only in 1922, when it was replaced by the Turkish Republic and various successor states in southeastern Europe and the Middle East. At its height the empire encompassed most of southeastern Europe to the gates of Vienna, including present-day Hungary, the Balkan region, Greece, and parts of Ukraine; portions of the Middle East now occupied by Iraq, Syria, Israel, and Egypt; North Africa as far west as Algeria; and large parts of the Arabian Peninsula. The term Ottoman is a dynastic appellation derived from Osman I (Arabic: ʿUthmān), the nomadic Turkmen chief who founded both the dynasty and the empire about 1300.
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  157. We must consider the fact that, from about 977 until 1925, hence for about 1,000 years, Turkish (and Mongolian) dynasties reigned over Iran. The Turkish vocabulary in Persian belongs preponderantly to the fields of government ate, law, army, warfare, armaments, and booty. Turkish was the language of the soldiers and the court. While the court of Delhi, i.e., the Turkish court of India, spoke Persian, the official language of the Safavi court (six teenth century onward) was Azerbaijan Turkish, so that Kaempfer¹⁹ remarked in 1685 "ut pene nunc turpe sit in Persiâ viro alicujus nominis ignorare Turcicam . . . ita ab exteris diligitur quae in ipsâ patriâ sordet magnatibus," "that it is almost ugly in Persia for a man of any renown to ignore Turkish, and so that [the Persian language] is esteemed abroad which in its own country is despised by the noble men." Many aristocratic titles were Turkish, just as the English titles Hovannisian, R. and Sabagh, G., 1998. The Persian presence in the Islamic world. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p.240.
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  158. Sad Iranic noises Sad Roman noises Sad Canaanite noises Sad Coptic noises Sad Amazigh noises Sad Nubian noises Sad Aramaic noises Sad Germanic noises Sad Spanish/Portuguese/Basque noises
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  159. Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
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  160. Romans were literally worst nightmare of the Celtic peoples.
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  161.  @bghn4114  cap
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  162. Timeline videos , one of the my favorite series.
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  163. Andorran Empire 😎
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  164. Sad Serbian noises
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  165. To understand a biological tribal affiliation (in terms of Y-chromosomal haplogroups, subclades, and haplotypes) of two excavated Khazar bone remains in the lower Don region in the south of Russia, we have extracted and analyzed their DNA and showed that both belonged to haplogroup R1a and its subclade Z93. The pattern could be considered typically “Turkic”, and not a Jewish DNA lineage. Their haplotypes were also identified and reported here. The haplotypes indicate that both Khazars were unrelated to each other in a sense that their common ancestor lived as long as 1500 - 2500 years earlier than them, in the middle of the II millennium BC—beginning of the I millennium BC, during typically Scythian times or somewhat earlier. Their haplotypes are unrelated to well-known Jewish haplotypes of haplogroup R1a. Klyosov, Anatole & Faleeva, T.. (2017). Excavated DNA from Two Khazar Burials. Advances in Anthropology. 07. 17-21. 10.4236/aa.2017.71002.
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  166.  @persianguy1524  🤲🏿🤲🏿🤲🏿👳🏾‍♂️👳🏾‍♂️👳🏾‍♂️
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  167. Bing chilling on the Greeks 👀
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  168. We have a manuscript from the Khazars, and it is considered the shortest literature (composed from only one word) in the world, that is: Oqhurum = I read
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  169. Romance speakers are also mostly EEF in origin
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  170. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
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  171. Ayyubid Dynasty or Ayyubid Empire? Admin
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  172. Barbarian Kingdoms 😍
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  173. Mirwais Hotak, followed by Ahmad Shah Durrani unified Afghanistan's tribes such as Pashtuns, Tajiks, Hazaras, and Uzbeks and Turkmens under one banner and founded the last Afghan Empire in the early 18th century CE. Afghanistan is inhabited by many and diverse peoples: the Pashtuns, Tajiks, Hazaras, Uzbeks, Turkmen, Qizilbash, Aimak, Pashayi, Baloch, Pamiris, Nuristanis, and others.
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  174.  ALP  sil
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  175. Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus❤❤❤
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  176. Sosin Azra Türkler bir ırktır çünkü kendine ait sayıları ve dilleri vardır Ama kürtlerin ırklığı tartışılır Sayıların renklerin şahıs zamirlerin konuştuğun dilin %90ı Farsça Yani birden ona kadar sayamayan bir dağ topluluğun ırklığı tartışılır
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  177. The Zand dynasty, which ruled Iran from 1751 to 1794 , was the first native Iranian regime in almost six hundred years, as opposed to the Turkic and Mongolian sovereigns who until then had governed the land. Frye, R. (2009). Zand Dynasty. In The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World. : Oxford University Press. For nearly a thousand years, Iran has generally been ruled by non-Persian dynasties, usually Turkish. Bosworth, C. (1968). THE POLITICAL AND DYNASTIC HISTORY OF THE IRANIAN WORLD (A.D. 1000–1217). In J. Boyle (Ed.), The Cambridge History of Iran (The Cambridge History of Iran, pp. 1-202). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521069366.002
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  178.  @nenenindonu  Armenians got ruled by foreigners in big part of history
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  179. "The decision of the Albanian government authorities TO HIDE THE STATUE OF SKENDERBEG EVERY TIME A MEETING WITH TURKISH OFFICIALS TAKES PLACE is surely sending perplexing messages to Albanian people." Perparim Xhaferi, 2019 "Albanian National Identity in the twenty-first century: Escaping from the Ottoman heritage?", University of Sydney, pp. 202
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  180. Romans destroyed Hellenistic era very well
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  181. Angry Chinese and American noises
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  182. Değişik ve bilgilendirici içerikleri güzel animasyonlarla desteklemesi bu kanalın en sevdiğim yanı
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  183. Sosin Azra ne dili oğlum lan daha sayınız yok sayılar Farsça😂😂😂😂😂😂 Sen birden ona kadar sayamıyorsun bile Farsça olmadan😂😂😂😂😂
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  184.  @bghn4114  another cap🧢
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  185. During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries , understanding the Turks ' military organization , given the credit for the greatest empire since antiquity , became a major European preoccupation . Speake, J., n.d. Literature of travel and exploration. p.891. By the middle of the 16th century, the Turks arguably possessed the greatest empire in the world. A History of the Middle East Paperback – March 15, 2006 by Saul S. Friedman (Author) p.181
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  186. Khan-Tuvan Dyggvi, according to Omeljan Pritsak, was the name of a Khazar khagan of the mid 830s. He led a rebellion of the Kabars against the Khagan Bek. As this rebellion took place roughly contemporaneously with the conversion of the Khazars to Judaism, Pritsak and others have speculated that the rebellion had a religious aspect. Omeljan Pritsak speculated that a Khazar khagan named Khan-Tuvan Dyggvi, exiled after losing a civil war, settled with his followers in the Norse-Slavic settlement of Rostov, married into the local Scandinavian nobility, and fathered the dynasty of the Rus' khagans. Nevertheless, the possible Khazar connection to early Rus' monarchs is supported by the use of a stylized trident tamga, or seal, by later Rus' rulers such as Sviatoslav I of Kiev; similar tamgas are found in ruins that are definitively Khazar in origin.
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  187. İnsanlara acı çektirip bunun sürekli medyada çalkalanmasını
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  188. 2:20 Tamerlane is Chagatai Turk not Mongol
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  189. Ottomans conquered Cyprus from Italian peoples Venetians not even Greek peoples🤣
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  190. Average Turk can easily understand Gagauz language due to Gagauz being a Western Oghuz language which descended from the Pecheneg/Uz dialect of Medieval Oghuz language.
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  191. There is huge difference between iranian and persian…
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  192. Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
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  193. Ottomans conquered Cyprus from Venetians, Venetians took from Crusaders, Crusaders took from Romans… Where were Greeks lol🤣
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  194.  @lolasdm6959  Turkic peoples= Small population but still expanded and ruled big area Sinitic peoples= Crowd population small area
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  195. The Turks were considered as the best warriors due to their horsemanship and skill in archery. Kaushik Roy., n.d. Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400-1750: Cavalry, Guns, Government and Ships (Bloomsbury Studies in Military History). p.24. While there is much more than this to the Turks, it is true that Turks rank among history's great empire-builders and rulers. Under the Ottomans they conquered vast territories in the Balkans and the Middle East and ruled for six hundred years. Turkey Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments pp.30
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  196. Saladin was joke to compare Richard
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  197. Some Greeks who remained in the East , like the chronicler Kritovoulos , saw Mehmed II as a great ruler and military genius .
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  198. The Khazars were as powerful as the Byzantine Empire, which they befriended in the 10th century and who wanted to use them as allies in the struggle against the equally powerful Arabs of the Muslim Caliphate. Khazaria lasted for about five hundred years. It is believed that without the Khazars, Europe (or at least a sizable part of that continent) would have been completely Islamic. Arthur Koestler says in The Thirteenth Tribe: “As Charles Martel's France saved Gaul and Western Europe, so the Khazars saved the eastern approaches to the Volga, the Danube, and the East Roman Empire Itself.” (P. 30).
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  199. Yine müq animasyon❤️
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  200. The Khazars were as powerful as the Byzantine Empire, which they befriended in the 10th century and who wanted to use them as allies in the struggle against the equally powerful Arabs of the Muslim Caliphate. Khazaria lasted for about five hundred years. It is believed that without the Khazars, Europe (or at least a sizable part of that continent) would have been completely Islamic. Arthur Koestler says in The Thirteenth Tribe: “As Charles Martel's France saved Gaul and Western Europe, so the Khazars saved the eastern approaches to the Volga, the Danube, and the East Roman Empire Itself.” (P. 30).
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  201. Dilek K. En baştan okudum tüm yorumları valla güzel yazmışım Kullandığım her bir kelime hewallere kazık gibi girmiş bir de şimdi operasyonlarda giriyor kuyruk acıları bol😂😂😂😂😂😂
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  202. The Kashmirian historian Lateef described him as follows: "Nader Shah, the horror of Asia, the pride and savior of his country, the restorer of her freedom and conqueror of India, who, having a simple origin, rose to such greatness that monarchs rarely have from birth". Joseph Stalin used to read about Nader Shah and admired him, calling him, along with Ivan the Terrible, a teacher. In Europe, Nader Shah was compared to Alexander the Great. Starting from a young age, Napoleon Bonaparte also used to read about and admire Nader Shah. Napoleon considered himself new Nader, and he himself was later called European Nader Shah.
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  203.  @nenenindonu  muhhh they were angels bro😭
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  204. Turkey is secular country not Muslim bro
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  205. I hope kk wins
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  206. Videodaki animasyonlar çok güzel bu da kanalın kalitesini gösterir.
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  207. In a short:Colonial empires brought the end of the Ottomans.
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  208. Yury Zuev proposed that the term Jalair (~ Yyalair) could be the Mongolian version of the Turkic name for the dynastic tribe of the Uyghur Khaganate (758-843): Yaglakar clan ~ yağla er ('anointed sovereign', Turkic ya:ğ il). Yaglakar (Ch. 藥羅葛/药罗葛 Yaoluoge) of the Tiele-Uyghur Toquz Oghuz confederacy.
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  209. Our history is older so Mongolia=Turks 2.0
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  210. Wow :0 Best video you have ever made!
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  211. #freetibet
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  212. Based❤
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  213. 2:13 Turco-Mongol(Tartar) tribe not turkified mongol tribe
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  214. The Qur'an includes the Surat Ar-Rum, the sura dealing with "the Romans", sometimes translated as "The Byzantines," reflecting a term now used in the West. These Romans of the 7th century, referred to as Byzantines in modern Western scholarship, were the inhabitants of the surviving Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire. Since all ethnic groups within the Roman empire had been granted citizenship by 212 AD, these eastern peoples had come to label themselves Ρωμιοί or Ῥωμαῖοι Romaioi (Romans), using the word for Roman citizen in the eastern lingua franca of Koine Greek. This citizenship label became "Rûm" in Arabic. The Eastern Roman, or Byzantine, Empire traced its origin as an institution to the foundation of Constantinople as the new capital of the Roman Empire in 330 by Constantine the Great. The Byzantine Empire survived the 5th century, when the Western Roman Empire fell, more or less intact and its populace continually maintained that they were Romaioi (Romans), not Hellenes (Greeks), even as the empire's borders gradually became reduced to in the end only encompassing Greek-speaking lands. Nicol 1992, p. ix.
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  215. There mustn't be a better example of a 'moving' ethno-linguistic group than the Turkic peoples. They started out from Eastern Siberia (Mongolia, Altai) and now are main ethnic constituents of various countries, like Turkey, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, etc.
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  216. Best empire of all time
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  217. Turks, Mongols, Arabs, Indians, Greeks, Macedonians and many other peoples conquered Afghanistan that’s not impossible :-)
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  218. Long live Ottoman Empire and Turkiye🇹🇷 Best Muslim Empire in history and one of the best empires in history.
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  219. Sosin Azra ben zaten Türkçe kaynaklardan ziyade evrensel kaynaklar okumaktayım onun için iktidarın değişip tarihi ve Türkleri farklı yorumlaması beni bağlamaz
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  220. Turco-Celtic friendship lmao😅
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  221. Even in the Battle of Otlukbeli, the Ottomans could not raise an army of 100,000, even though the army was led by the Sultan himself against the great threat Uzun Hasan. The quarter of numbers for both armies seem more consistent. The numbers are already exaggerated in most historical documents.
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  222. The earliest reference to the Mongols classifies them as a Tang dynasty tribe of Shiwei during the eighth century. It was only after the fall of the Liao dynasty in 1125 that they became an important tribe on the Central Asian steppe, but tribal wars weakened their power over the ensuing century. During the thirteenth century, the term Mongol was used to refer to the Mongolic and Turkic tribes who fell under the control of Genghis Khan. The Mongols are primarily a shamanist society; their central deity is the sky god Tenger. Native Peoples of the World: An Encyclopedia of Groups, Cultures and Contemporary Issues By Steven L. Danver, p.225
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  223. Long live Turkic union, peoples, languages and countries❤❤❤
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  224. " In its final centuries , the Byzantine Empire was also called " Romania . " Remnants of this Roman heritage are still evident in such terms as " Rum " and " Rumeli . Georgius, Philippides, M. and Macarius, 1980. The fall of the Byzantine empire. Amherst, MA: Univ. of Massachusetts Pr., p.2.
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  225. It would make more sense to use the term Iranian, since he himself was not Persian.
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  226. Dude there is a cringe history thief Greek under the comments who thinks Skandarbeg was Hellenic🤣🤣🤣
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  227. 🇹🇷❤️🇦🇿
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  228. Some of the Slavic Bulgarian proponents of the Native Faith in Bulgaria identify themselves with the descendants of the Turks-Bulgars and revive Tengrism. They are incorporated into the "Tangra Warriors Movement" (Bulgarian: Движение "Воини на Тангра").[61][80] The Bulgars named a large mountain in the Rila mountain range after Tangra, although it was renamed in the 15th century to Musala("Mountain of Allah") by the Ottoman Turks.
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  229. Celtic peoples are historically so unlucky unlike Germanic peoples.
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  230.  @shehzadadarashikoh9463  Ottoman Empire defeated and destroyed European superpowers while Mughals couldn’t even cope with some Jats, Rajputs and Marathis🤣
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  231. Fatih Çalışkan sen mal mısını İngilizce vikipediadan kaynak attım Türkçe değil
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  232. ⁠ This can be surmised by analysing the names of Hunnic princes and tribes. The names of the following Hunnic princes are clearly Oghuric Turkic in origin: Mundzuk (Attila’s father, from Turkic Muncˇuq = pearl/jewel; for an in-depth discussion of the Hunnic origin of this name in particular see Schramm (1969), 139–40), Oktar/Uptar (Attila’s uncle, Öktär = brave/powerful), Oebarsius (another of Attila’s paternal uncles, Aïbârs = leopard of the moon), Karaton (Hunnic supreme king before Ruga, Qarâton = black-cloak), Basik (Hunnic noble of royal blood, early fifth century, Bârsig˘ = governor), Kursik (Hunnic noble of royal blood, from either Kürsig˘ , meaning brave or noble, or Quršiq meaning beltbearer). For these etymologies see Bona (1991), 33. Three of Attila’s known sons 40 have probable Turkic names: Ellac, Dengizich, Hernak, and Attila’s princi­ pal wife, the mother of the ‘crown prince’ Ellac, has the Turkic name Here­ kan, as does another notable wife named Eskam. See Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 392–415. See also Bona (1991), 33–5, and Pritsak (1956), 414. Most known Hunnic tribal names are also Turkic, Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 427–41, e.g. Ultincur, Akatir etc. The cur suffix in many of these names is a well-known Turkic title and as Beckwith (1987), 209, points out the To-lu or Tardus tribes (Hunnic in origin) of the Western Turkish On Oq were each headed by a Cur (noble). Zieme (2006), 115, speculates that the title cur belongs to a pre-Turkic Tocharian stratum of the Turkic language, which, if true, again highlights the essential heterogeneity of Central Asian peoples and even languages. See also Aalto (1971), 35. In addition to this primary language (Oghuric Turkic), Priscus informs us that Latin and Gothic were also understood by the Hunnic elite. See Priscus, fr. 13.3, Blockley (1983), 289. Mclaughlin, Professors Hyun & Lieu, Rome and China: Points of Contact (Routledge, 2021)
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  233. 0:19 Based Northern Nomadic Tribes 🌝
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  234. Half of the heroes are heroes because of they fought the Ottomans :)
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  235. Later, his brother Hayreddin recognized the Ottoman sultan as his suzerain. Suleyman, at once detecting a depth of political wisdom and military genius in Hayreddin, gave him the title of Grand Admiral (Kaptan-i-Derya meaning Captain of the Oceans) and had an entirely new fleet constructed for him.
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  236. Virgin Persians vs Chad Spartans
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  237. Algeria in 2001, and ten years later it became a constitutionally official language in Morocco. These developments have extended the use of Berber to the public domain (e.g., some schools, media outlets, and magazines). Nonetheless, when a Moroccan Arab and a Moroccan Berber meet, the customarily medium of com munication would be Moroccan Arabic possibly because Berber speakers also command Moroccan Arabic and not the opposite. Kurdish is another language that competes for space in the Arabic socio linguistic scene. Kurdish is not a single language, but several languages that are spoken by diverse speech communities spread over areas in southeastern Turkey, western Iran, northern Iraq, northeastern Syria, and smaller parts of Geor gia and Armenia.20 The existence of the Kurdish people in the north parts of the Arab Middle East predates the existence of Arabs in this region (McDowall, 2004; Vali, 2003). Kurdish languages are not mutually intelligible, although they often share a wide range of linguistic properties (Hassanpour, 2012; McDowall, 2004; Meho & Maglaughlin, 2001; Vali, 2003). Within the Arab context, Kurdish is spoken mainly in northern Iraq and in small parts in northern Syria. Like Ber ber, Kurdish had conventionally been a spoken language (McDowall, 2004; Vali, 2003). Since 2003, however, Kurdish has become an official language in Iraq, and henceforward, it came to be used in administration, schools and universities, media, and print. With the current conflict in Syria, the Kurds may replicate the Iraq experience in terms of making Kurdish an official language within a pro spective autonomous state. Outside the Kurd-dominated areas, however, Kurdish has often had meager presence and influence compared to the Syrian and Iraqi dialects (O'Shea, 2004; Sheyholislami, 2008). However, the situation is changing, particularly in the Iraqi context. While the presence of Berber and Kurdish is confined to certain parts of the Arab World, English and, to a lesser extent, French are two global languages whose influence is felt in various parts of the Arabic sociolinguistic arena.
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  238. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
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  239. About this period, I asked my father to tell me the history of our family from the time of Yafet Aghlan, which he did, nearly in the following manner: " It is written in the Turkish history, that we are descended from Yafet Aghlan, commonly called (Abu al Atrak) Father of the Turks, son of (the Patriarch,) Japhet, he was the first monarch of the Turks: when his fifth son Aljeh Khan ascended the throne, the all gracious God bestowed on him twin sons, one of which was called Tatar, the other Moghul Timur. (2013). CHAPTER III. In C. Stewart (Trans.), The Mulfuzat Timury, or, Autobiographical Memoirs of the Moghul Emperor Timur: Written in the Jagtay Turky Language (Cambridge Library Collection - Perspectives from the Royal Asiatic Society, pp. 27-31). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139507325.015 Tīmūr’s identity as a Turk was not lim- ited only to his understanding of himself, his skills, and his heritage. All the people that he encountered, whether in the marketplace or at the royal palace, immediately recognized him as a Türk-bacha , a Turk-boy, presumably for his attire and perhaps for his looks. Possibly, he represented to them an arche- typal nomad. Whatever the reason, they still found it the most convenient and intuitive manner to address him, not knowing his name. Sela, R. (2011). Youth. In The Legendary Biographies of Tamerlane: Islam and Heroic Apocrypha in Central Asia(Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization, pp. 76-91). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511977343.006
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  240. It was Turkish military slaves, the Mamluks, coming from the Eurasian steppes, who were successful in stemming the deadly Mongol danger. Complete political, military, and, last but not least, economic power passed into the hands of this new Turkish ruling caste that regenerated itself anew each generation from the outside. It was seen as a sign of particular divine grace and providence that Turks had contained the Mongol avalanche. Turks knew the fighting techniques of their Mongol "cousins" from their common homeland in the steppes of Central Asia. The contemporary Syrian chronicler Abū Shāma rejoiced after the crucial battle of Ayn Jälūt in saying: "It is verily remarkable that the Tatars were broken and destroyed by their own kinsmen, the Turks." Paying his respect to the victorious sultan of Egypt, he continues in a couplet: The Tatars conquered the lands and there came to them From Egypt a Turk, unmindful of his life. In Syria he destroyed and scattered them. To everything there is a bane of its own kind. And the triumph of the Turks was compounded by the final expulsion of the Crusaders from the Holy Land; one should notice the wording of a panegyric for Sultan al-Ashraf Khalil after he had conquered, in 690/1291, Acre, the last Crusader stronghold: Praise be to God, the nation of the Cross has fallen; Through the Turks the religion of the chosen Arabs has triumphed. The Crusaders had allied themselves to the abominable Mongols, the "vile foe," and had constituted a constant humiliation to Islam for almost 200 years. These exploits immensely enhanced the religious prestige of the Mamluks. The popula- tion of Egypt and Syria gratefully acknowledged their achievements. The folk novel of al-Malik al-Zahir Baybars gives abundant testimony to the general feeling of owing the Mamluks, that is, the Turks, thanks for saving them from an imminent catastrophe.
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  241. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
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  242. Ottoman videos are always coming these days. Happy Turkish noises🌝
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  243. For nearly a thousand years, Iran has generally been ruled by non-Persian dynasties, usually Turkic.
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  244. Dilek K. Göbeklitepe varken daha proto hint avrupalılar bile yoktu🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
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  245.  @Letnistonwandif  Ottoman Empire was stronger than Spain both economically, politically and geographically. Capture of Algiers (1516) Ottomans won Algiers expedition (1541) Ottomans won Capture of Béjaïa (1555) Ottomans won Siege of Coron, Ottomans won Battle of Djerba, Ottomans won Battle of Formentera, Ottomans won Raid of the Balearic islands (1558) Ottomans won Siege of Castelnuovo, Ottomans won Fall of Tlemcen (1518) Ottomans won Conquest of Tunis (1574) Ottomans won Battle of Preveza, Ottomans won at the same time, the Ottomans were alone in Preveza. But the enemy army Venice, Papal States, Genoa, Spain, Mantua, Malta, Portugal[1][2][3] All of them was part of Holy League but Ottomans won against them. Also remember Süleyman the Magnificent's Venetian helmet . It was an elaborate headpiece designed to project the sultan's power in the context of the Ottoman–Habsburg rivalry. Meaning The four floors of the Crown also represent Solomon's goal of world conquest—reigning the North, the South, the East, and the West—as well as the Pope's famous triple crown and the Holy Roman Empire two years ago. It was a reference to Charles V, who was crowned as the German Emperor.🙂.''
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  246. Later in the Middle Ages the Turks arrived , those great warriors and conquerors . The Byzantines lost Asia Minor to them and were unable to prevent them from crossing to Europe . The Ottoman Turks conquered the entire Balkan region to the Danube and even beyond , crowning their successes with the capture of Constantinople in 1453 , an event that stunned the western world . They occupied most of Hungary ; Vienna was under threat . Where would they stop ? The Christian world , both western and Byzantine , had certainly every reason to fear Islam .
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  247. The writer uses the ambiguous term “Hellene,” which generally means “pagan” in Byzantine Greek. Plethon and his followers used the term almost to the exclusion of all others when referring to their own countrymen. Nagy., 2003. Modern Greek Literature. Taylor & Francis, p.30. " In its final centuries , the Byzantine Empire was also called " Romania . " Remnants of this Roman heritage are still evident in such terms as " Rum " and " Rumeli . Georgius, Philippides, M. and Macarius, 1980. The fall of the Byzantine empire. Amherst, MA: Univ. of Massachusetts Pr., p.2. Given Gennadios ' strong religious and traditional orientation , one would expect him to adhere carefully to the traditional Byzantine nomenclature wherein Hellene signified pagan and Rhomaios Byzantine . Ćurčić, S. and Mouriki, D., 2019. The Twilight of Byzantium. Princeton: Princeton University Press, p.9. And there is also evidence that the word 'Hellene' now meant 'pagan', and Justinian did conduct persecutions of Hellenes. Scott, R., n.d. Byzantine chronicles and the sixth century. The Byzantine Empire was officially called the Empire of the Romans, not the Greeks, Hellenes, or whatever. And if we proceed from the northern theory of the formation of the state, then we could not know about the Hellenic Greeks, Venetian-Venets in any way due to the lack of direct contacts. At that time, the word “Hellene” among the Romans meant a pagan and a traitor. Attila Kagan of the Huns from the kind of Velsung Kindle Edition by Соловьев Сергей Юрьевич (Author) The ancient Hellenes were conquered by the Romans . Emperor Justinian destroyed the last vestiges of Hellenic civilisation , and state Christianity created a new civilisation on the ruins of the old . Koliopoulos, G. and Veremēs, T., 2007. Greece: the modern sequel. London: Hurst & Company, p.242. Hellenes as they were called, were persecuted by the enforcement of these general rules; Justinian endeavored, above all things, to deprive them of education, and he had the University of Athens closed in 529; at the same time ordering wholesale conversations. The Cambridge Medieval History volumes 1-5 by John Bagnell Bury, Paul Dalen (Goodreads Author) (Editor) And there is also evidence that the word 'Hellene' now meant 'pagan', and Justinian did conduct persecutions of Hellenes. The world of Classics in the sixth century was not entirely rosy. Scott, R., n.d. Byzantine chronicles and the sixth century It is believed that there was some kind of trade route, but the object of exchange is not clear. The Baltic States could offer amber, but the path along the Elbe and then the Danube is better and safer than the path "From the Varangians to the Greeks" invented by idle historians. First, where did the Greeks come from? The Byzantine Empire was officially called the Empire of the Romans, not the Greeks, Hellenes, or whatever. And if we proceed from the northern theory of the formation of the state, then the Veneti Veneti could not know about the Greek-Hellenes, due to the lack of direct contacts. At that time, the word "Hellene" among the Romans meant a pagan and a traitor. And the term Varangian, unknown even among the Scandinavians, at least in Saxon Grammar it does not occur, from the word at all. The way from Wagry sounds more reasonable, and where? If we translate the term "Hellene" as a pagan, then we get that the way from Wagri to the east was the way of pagan pilgrims. Russia the formation of the state in the 9th century Veneds and the severjans (northerners), part of the Huns, which became the basis of a new community Kindle Edition by Solovyov Sergey (Author) Although the Breviarum has some major flaws, including a lacuna for nearly the entire reign of Constans II (r. 641-668), it is nonetheless one of the most important sources for his tory from the reign of Phocas through Constantine V-in no small part due to the fame of its author rather than the work's intrinsic merit.79 Nikephoros' use of names in this text is somewhat idiosyncratic. This short history does not have much on language-the sole mention of Latin names it 'Itaλ@v qwvn.80 He never refers to Greek, but 'Hellene' is invari ably a pejorative term, used in the sense of meaning 'pagan. On the other hand, he regularly glosses 'Christians' as meaning 'Romans' in a cultural and even political sense. Like other Greek-writing authors of this period, Nikephoros displays a high degree of laxity of precision in his terminology. In spite of the relatively relaxed attitudes adopted by contemporaries with respect to linguistic labels, it is clear that the later medieval and mod ern colloquial usage of the signifier Roman' for the Greek language is unprecedented in the early middle ages. Where the 'Roman tongue" is mentioned in the sources, it is always Latin which is signified-and this is consistent from Procopius in the sixth century through Constantine VII in the tenth. WHALIN, D., 2022. ROMAN IDENTITY FROM THE ARAB CONQUESTS TO THE TRIUMPH OF ORTHODOXY. [S.l.]: PALGRAVE MACMILLAN, p.31.
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  248. Sick Man 😭
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  249. From this point of view, a large part of the 19 Cypriot historiography did not manage to achieve the substantial for the historian, to use a phrase by Eric Hobsbawm, overcoming of passions and political identities, 20⁰ identities that were of course created at the end or even after the Ottoman period. That is to say, that the national political identity of the Greek and the Turk, the national political ensembles of Greeks and Turks, realities of the post-Ottoman period in Cyprus are projected on the past of the 16th century. Thus, in 1571 Cyprus was conquered by the Ottomans and for the next three hundred and more years was a part of the Ottoman territory. The Greek Cypriot historiography uses for this transition and generally the entire Ottoman period the term Turkish rule a term that lends a national Turkish identity to Ottomans. A big part of traditional historiography refers to a Turkish state,²¹ mentioning a Turkish government, while correspondingly the conquered are included in another national identity, the Greek, which - and perhaps this is more important - at the time history is written, is in conflict with the Turkish. Already from the end of the 19th century, Greek Cypriot historiography states that during the Turkish rule "the spirit of the inhabitants fell to a pitiful point and poverty and misery and extreme ignorance, and depression of the national morale covered the island".23 The Orthodox on the island are defined by traditional historiography as a political group since "in the vizier's orders the participant in the defence of Famagusta Greek was a term that was generalised for all Greeks on the island". In relation to the population on the island the Turkish rule mentions that "after the occupation of Cyprus by the Turks the census that took place for tax pur poses revealed that the native Cypriot Greeks aged [...] in this population 20.000 30.000 Turks were added".25 It is also established that "the Turkish occupation brought to Cyprus many radical changes. The Turks supported the Greek population on the island in order not to give the opportunity to the peoples of Europe to be interested in the Cypriots […]”.26 And as it began with a national conflict that is how italso ends, since it is mentioned that “while the Turkish conquerors suppressed andpersecuted the Greeks on the island […]”.27 The existence therefore of a politicalnational group is considered given and every analysis of the Ottoman period func-tions in a way to bring to the forefront or reinforce the existence, even under difficultconditions, of such a group. This expressed the stereotyped view that the Cypriots“managed under the protection of the Church to maintain their religion, language,and national conscience as Greeks”.28 Even when relations are examined on differentlevels, even when they refer to the 17th century, these are characterised as relationsof the “Greeks and the Turks of Cyprus”.29 In the Turkish Cypriot historiography, the same perception is more or less fol-lowed; history is written under the same terms, the national terms but with one sub-stantial difference: The “Turks on the island” 30 are usually referred to as acomplimentary term of the word Ottomans and are placed on the side of the goodoften contrary to the “Greeks, Greek Cypriots” who are on the opposite side. Thesettlement of the “Turks”on the island is interpreted as something that broughtabout positive results for the entire island 31 and the local Ottoman administration isgenerally whitewashed. In short, Turkish Cypriot historiography also accepts theexistence of national groups. The Church of Cyprus expresses again the Greeks of Cyprus and its activities are mainly targeted against the Turks of Cyprus, 32 whilewithout hesitation the actions of the Prelates of 1600 in Cyprus are combined andidentified with the Akritas plan of the period after the independence. 33 The Prelatesare considered to express not only spiritually but also nationally the Orthodox of Cyprus while institutionally the Church of Cyprus is perceived as warring towardsthe local Turkish administration. 34 The Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot histo-riographies are identified when they project the present on the past, a past howeverthat is perceived and interpreted from a very different national point of view. Michael, M., Kappler, M. and Gavriel, E., 2009. Ottoman Cyprus: A Collection of Studies on History and Culture Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, pp.14,15.
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  250. Balex 😀😀😀😃😃😃 Keep dreaming european propagandas Lol
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  251. One of the top 5 empires in history
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  252. Happy Italic noises
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  253. Wow, Behavior of the Ottomans was so based :)
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  254. Bizim ülkeye de lazım bunun gibi şimdi
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  255. The Kashmirian historian Lateef described him as follows: "Nader Shah, the horror of Asia, the pride and savior of his country, the restorer of her freedom and conqueror of India, who, having a simple origin, rose to such greatness that monarchs rarely have from birth". Joseph Stalin used to read about Nader Shah and admired him, calling him, along with Ivan the Terrible, a teacher. In Europe, Nader Shah was compared to Alexander the Great. Starting from a young age, Napoleon Bonaparte also used to read about and admire Nader Shah. Napoleon considered himself new Nader, and he himself was later called European Nader Shah Some of his Battle Victories: Khorasan Campaign (1726-1727) Battle of Sangan (1727) Sabzevar expedition (1727-1728) Restoration of Tahmasp II to the Safavid throne (1729) Liberation of Isfahan (1729) Western Persia campaign of 1730 Caucasus Campaign (1735) Siege of Kandahar (1737) Afsharid Conquests in the Persian Gulf & Oman (1730-1747) Nader Shah's invasion of India (1738-1740) Nader Shah's Conquest of Central Asia (1737-1740) Nader's campaigns in Dagestan (1741-1745) Battle of Damghan (1729) Battle of Khwar Pass (1729) Battle of Murche-Khort (1729) Battle of Zarghan (1730) The Battle of Malayer Valley (1730) Battle of Kirkuk (1733) The Siege of Mashad (1726-1727) Nader's Conquest of Khorasan (1726-1727) Herat Campaign (1729) Rebellion of Sheikh Ahmad Madani (1730) Herat Campaign of 1731 Mohammad Khan Baluch's Rebellion (1733) Siege of Ganja (1734) Battle of Yeghevārd (1735) Submission of Eastern Georgia Nader Shah`s (1735) Battle of Khyber Pass (1738) Battle of Karnal (1739) Nader's Sindh Expedition (1739) Moḥammad Taqi Khan Shirazi's Rebellion (1744) Battle of Kars (1745) Battle of Kafer Qal'eh (1729) Capture of Ghazni The Siege of Kabul Sack of Jalalabad Capture of Peshawar Capture of Lahore
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  256. Make video about What if Turkiye became a Crusader Kingdom👀
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  257.  Jorge Gutierrez  do even anybody take you or your comments serious😂😂😂
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  258. Based
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  259. Sosin Azra hangi iz o dikili taş mı var? Bir köprü,eser,demir parçası ne var?hiç bi şey yok ermeni,yunan sikkelerinden başka
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  260. Sosin Azra Osmanlının Türk olduğu yeni zelanda olaylarında bile Türklere küfür yazılan açıklamaların yanında Osmanlının kaybettiği savaşların yazılmasıyla gündeme geldi boş yapma keko
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  261. Huns and Bulgars were Onogurs in origin same peoples
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  262. The Qur'an includes the Surat Ar-Rum, the sura dealing with "the Romans", sometimes translated as "The Byzantines," reflecting a term now used in the West. These Romans of the 7th century, referred to as Byzantines in modern Western scholarship, were the inhabitants of the surviving Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire. Since all ethnic groups within the Roman empire had been granted citizenship by 212 AD, these eastern peoples had come to label themselves Ρωμιοί or Ῥωμαῖοι Romaioi (Romans), using the word for Roman citizen in the eastern lingua franca of Koine Greek. This citizenship label became "Rûm" in Arabic. The Eastern Roman, or Byzantine, Empire traced its origin as an institution to the foundation of Constantinople as the new capital of the Roman Empire in 330 by Constantine the Great. The Byzantine Empire survived the 5th century, when the Western Roman Empire fell, more or less intact and its populace continually maintained that they were Romaioi (Romans), not Hellenes (Greeks), even as the empire's borders gradually became reduced to in the end only encompassing Greek-speaking lands. Nicol 1992, p. ix.
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  263.  @TheOghuz78  ben peki?
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  264. Almost All Crusader states got destroyed by Turks County of Edessa->Nuraddin Zangi County of Antioch->Baibars County of Jaffa and Ascalon->Baibars Lordship of Sidon->Baibars County of Tripoli->Al Mansur Qalawun Lordship of Tyre->Al Ashraf Khalil Kingdom of Jerusalem->Al Ashraf Khalil Duchy of Athens-> Turahanoğlu Ömer Bey Duchy of the Archipelago-> Selim II
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  265. *Although in the past the Huns are thought to have been Mongolian emigrants, it is far more likely that they were of Turkic origin. This point has been repeated by thousands of historians, sinologists, turcologists, altaistics, and other researchers. Let me try to state how this idea began with Sinology researchers.[1] *Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 386-9, also thinks that these names are the Germanic or Germanicized names of Turkic Huns.[2] *The language of the Huns has always been classified in the Turkic linguistic family.[3] *In the 5th century A . D . the Danube Slavs had lived in symbiosis with the Turkic Huns[4] *One of the first and most ferocious of such Asiatic (Turkic) peoples were the Huns.[5] *A large number of many different Turkic tribes were called Huns.[6] *It is conceivable that the Huns (Ephthalites), who irrupted into Central Asia in the early fifth century, were Turkic.[7] *Probably a substantial group of Hunnish peoples spoke some form of Turkic, a subfamily of the Altaic languages.[8] *Danube used by a large number of Turkic peoples - including Huns, Avars,Bulgars,Cumans.[9] * Among them, the Vandals were East Germanic, the Suevi or 'Swabians' were Central Germanic, the Huns were Turkic, and the Alans were Iranic (like the modern Ossetians).[10] *Also, with the various Turkic tribes on the west; especially with the Huns.[11] *Historic Turkic kingdoms (the earliest being the Great Hun Empire from 200 B.C., which stretched from Siberia to Tibet,and the last being the Ottoman Empire founded in A.D. 1299),hinting at a racial side to Turkish identity.[12] *By the fifth century, the last of the Tocharians was driven from the region by nomadic Huns, possibly the earliest of many subsequent waves of Tur- kic invaders in Central Asia.[13] *Who are the Turkic Peoples? This great family of peoples includes the Huns,Khazars,Avars and Bulgar-Turks of former times.[14] *The principal invaders in the north were no longer the Turkic Xiongnu[15] *Horses were vital to maintaining Han military strength against the increasing nomadic incur. sions from the Turkic Xiongnu tribal armies along the northern borders and in the northwest.[16] *The constant incursions in the Han's northern and northwestern frontiers by the Turkic nomads known as Xiongnu (the Huns) necessitated Han military expeditions across the Pamirs into Central Asia.[17] * By the 5th century many of the troops were barbarian foederation of Germanic, Turkic (“Huns and "Bulgars), and, perhaps, “Slavic origins [18] * The fact that the Bulgars of Asparukh - whom we considered descendants of the Huns led by Irnikh -were Turks.[19] *While the Hun hords of Attila that tried to conquer Europe were surely Proto-Türks.[20] Sources: *1- The Origins of the Huns-The History Files *2-The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe(Cambridge University Press)-Page 177 *3-Russian Translation Series of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology 1964 (Harvard University Press) *4-Among the People, Native Yugoslav Ethnography: Selected 1982(Michigan University Press) *5-Byzantium: Church, Society, and Civilization Seen Through Contemporary Eyes(University of Chicago Press)-Page 332 *6-Eurasian Studies Yearbook Volume 74 Eurolingua, 2002 *7-Islamic Peoples Of The Soviet Un-Page 384 *8-The Saga of the Volsungs: The Norse Epic of Sigurd the Dragon Slayer(University of California Press)-Page 15 *9-The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelth Century(University of Michigan Press)-Page 25 *10-Vanished Kingdoms: The Rise and Fall of States and Nations *11-China ancient and modern-Page-55 *12-Turkey: What Everyone Needs to Know®(Oxford University Press) *13-Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia-Page 251 *14-Oxford Symposium on Food & Cookery, 1989: Staplefoods : Proceedings *15-China: A New History, Second Enlarged Edition(Harvard University Press)-Page 73 *16-Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China ; Gansu and Ningxia, 4th - 7th Century ; [on the Occasion of the Exhibition "Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China", Organized by the Asia Society Museum, New York, October 13, 2001 - January 6, 2002 ...] *17-The Harvard Dictionary of Music-Page 261 *18- The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity-Page 1346 *19- The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia Volume 1-Page 202 *20-China Knowledge-Xiongnu
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  266. Kaloyan and Krum were one of the greatest warriors in history of Europe as well.
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  267. It's a very good development, I hope one day the inscriptions of the Huns also will be found.
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  268. Turkic power❤️
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  269. THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot."
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  270. The Turks have constantly been an imperial people. They have made a habit of empire building, and although none of their structures have attained the imposing dimensions of the Mongol achievement, many of them have been far more lasting. The maps show at least a dozen states of the first rank which have been constructed by Turkish peoples, and another dozen built by Turkish leaders, sometimes by themselves, sometimes with the assistance of a military aristocracy of their own race.
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  271. 😍😍😍
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  272. I think Ottoman is the most interesting empire in history.
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  273. The Qur'an includes the Surat Ar-Rum, the sura dealing with "the Romans", sometimes translated as "The Byzantines," reflecting a term now used in the West. These Romans of the 7th century, referred to as Byzantines in modern Western scholarship, were the inhabitants of the surviving Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire. Since all ethnic groups within the Roman empire had been granted citizenship by 212 AD, these eastern peoples had come to label themselves Ρωμιοί or Ῥωμαῖοι Romaioi (Romans), using the word for Roman citizen in the eastern lingua franca of Koine Greek. This citizenship label became "Rûm" in Arabic.
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  274. Ne gereksiz bir ülke la
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  275. Answer: Roman Empire
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  276. Germanic peoples actually have the most powerful history among European peoples
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  277. Ottoman legitimacy drew on Turco-Mongol and Islamic precedents. Fleischer sees the Ottoman Empire as a 'unique, if not aberrant, phe nomenon' in Islamic history due to its emphasis on natural justice and the central role of the Ottoman dynasty as rulers of a defined geographic sphere (Fleischer, 1986: 253). The sixteenth-century Ottoman theorists Ebu's-Su'ud and Mustafa Ali upheld broadly similar theses for the legiti macy of the Ottomans which included the manipulation of their lineage to indicate their descent from Oghuz, the eponym of the Ghuzz Turks, their inheritance of Muslim lands from the Seljuk Turks and their dedica tion to justice, understood as a religious, universal concept (Imber, 1997: 73-4; Fleischer, 1986: 282, 287-8). Although the Ottomans adopted a more obviously Islamic profile after their conquest of the Arab lands, including the holy cities of Mecca and Medina, in the early sixteenth century, a distinction remained between religion and the state/dynasty (din-ü-devlet) which was also apparent in the Ottomans' dual legal sys tem based on the Shari'a and 'state' kamun, despite the close partnership between the two. Secular attitudes derived from the Turco-Mongol heritage were also qualified by the tendency among Ottoman political theorists of dis cussing international relations using the medieval dar al-islam/dar al-harb formulation and its concomitant, jihad or ghaza. This reflected the ori gins of the Ottoman Empire as a Turkic warrior principality on the frontiers of Byzantium which led generations of Ottoman sultans to style themselves 'holy warriors' (ghazis) until the Empire's demise in the 1920s. Their conquest of the Balkans and Aegean peninsula was legitimised in terms of jihad against the infidel, and their conquest of Constantinople was celebrated as the culmination of the Islamic conquests which had begun in the seventh century. In much advice literature of the sev enteenth and eighteenth centuries, the need to continue the jihad and expand the Ottoman Muslim domain in order to restore the inner vital ity of the Empire is a recurrent trope alongside more practical suggestions for reform. International Society and the Middle East: English School Theory at the Regional Level (Palgrave Studies in International Relations) 2009th Edition by B. Buzan (Editor), A. Gonzalez-Pelaez (Editor) p.55
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  278. Free Turkistan, Free Tibet, Free Inner Mongolia, Free Manchuria
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  279. Atatürk😻
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  280. The three Islamic empires of the early modern period – the Mughal, the Safavid, and the Ottoman – shared a common Turko-Mongolian heritage. In all three the ruling dynasty was Islamic, the economic system was agrarian, and the military forces were paid in grants of land revenue. Despite these similarities, however, significant differences remained. And, to fully appreciate the individual temporal systems, a brief description of the political, economic, religious, and cultural conditions in each state is necessary. Within the confines of a single chapter, however, it is not possible to review all of the literature and settle all of the controversies. As a result, the brief overview that follows depends, for the most part, on the most recent general histories and surveys. https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/time-in-early-modern-islam/safavid-mughal-and-ottoman-empires/9D55F0A0262017473EC8A9A7ED86C508/core-reader
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  281. In short, it is hard to think of any other ethnolinguistic entity in history that conquered so vast a territory and founded so many empires and states, also contributing to world civilizations. The history of the Turkic peoples was an important factor in world history for more than a millennium until the emergence of Europe as the world's dominant power. What happened in the Turkic world often affected the history of China, Central Asia, the Middle East, South Asia, and Europe. One may also argue that world history began with the "Turko-Mongol" empire created by Chinggis Khan. In the contemporary world, Turkic-speaking nations form six states (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, and Turkey/Türkiye) and several "autonomous" units in Russia (the republics of Chuvash, Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Altai, Khakassia, Tuva, and Sakha) and China (the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). Turkic peoples also reside as minority groups in several other countries, including Mongolia and Iran, among others. It would therefore be difficult to acquire a comprehensive understanding of world history as well as our present world without studying the history of the Turkic peoples.
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  282. BİRLEŞMELİYİZ
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  283. Persian rule in Iran broadly ended with the Islamic conquest (mid 7th century) resulting with a dominant Arabic, Turkic, and Mongolic rule whereas only 2 Iranian dynasties, Buyids and Zands, managed to rule Iran Foreign rule in Persia ; Macedonians(Hellen) Seleucids(Hellen) Rashiduns(Arab) Umayyads(Arab) Abbasids(Arab) Ghaznavids(Turk) Seljuks(Turk) Eldiguzids(Turk) Khwarezmids(Turk) Chingissids(Mongol) Ilkhanids(Mongol) Muzaffarids(Arab) Timurids(Turk) Karakoyunlu(Turk) Akkoyunlu(Turk) Safavids(Turk) Afsharids(Turk) Qajars(Turk)
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  284. Greeks already assimilated natives of Anatolia long before Turks
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  285. 44:48 :)))) thx professor,you are an oxford scythologist and you saying this
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  286.  @kaloyanrosenov2123  😂🤣🤣🤣🤣
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  287. Muslim Turkics*
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  288.  @nastic_27  Although both leaders died, the Ottoman victory in the Battle of Kosovo helped them secure control over Serbian principalities, which thus became (voluntarily or not) Ottoman vassals.
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  289. Cypriot Greek has often been referred to as a dialect of Greek (Contossopoulos, 2000); a variety that is linguistically proximal to Standard Modern Greek (Grohmann and Kambanaros, 2016 Grohmann et al. 2016), which is the official language in the environment our participants acquire language. Although the official language in education and other formal settings is indeed Standard Modern Greek, research has shown the boundaries between the two varieties, Standard Modern Greek and Cypriot Greek, and their distribution across different registers is not straightforward (Grohmann and Leivada, 2012, Tsiplakou et al. 2016). At times mixing is attested without code-switching being in place, while no official characterization has been provided for any of these terms in this specific context. The question arising in this context is whether the attested variants emerging in mixed speech repertoires are functionally equivalent for an individual speaker. The concept of "competing grammars goes back to Krich 11989, 1991), who proposed that speakers project multiple grammars to deal with ambiguous input This concept has been explicitly connected to the relation between Standard and Cypriot Greek (Papadopo et al. 2014; plaka 2014; Grohman et al 2017) The two varieties have differences in all levels of linguistic analysis and often monolingual speakers of Standard Modern Greek judge Cypriot Greek as unintelligible. At the same time, Greek Cypriot speakers do not always provide reliable judgments of their own speech since these are often clouded by sociolinguistic attitudes toward using the non-standard variety. Cypriot Greek lacks official codification and its status as a different language/variety is often denied by Greek Cypriots who may downplay the differences between Standard Modern Greek and Cypriot Greek and describe the latter as just an accent (Arvaniti, 2010). As the discussion of the different variants will make clear in the next section, the two varieties have differences across levels of linguistic analysis and these differences vastly exceed the sphere of phonetics or phonology. All speakers of Cypriot Greek have exposure to Standard Modern Greek through education and other mediums and in this way, they are competent to different degrees in both varieties. We employ the term 'bilectal' (Rowe and Grohmann, 2013, 2014) to refer to the participants of this study, although it is not entirely clear that the varieties they are exposed to are Standard Modern Greek and Cypriot Greek or that they are only two varieties, under the assumption that a continuum is in place. For instance, the term 'Cypriot Standard Greek' (Arvaniti, 2010) has been proposed to refer to an emerging variety that may count as the standard in the context of Cyprus. This would be a sociolinguistically 'high' variety (Ferguson, 1959) that is used in formal settings, although its degree of proximity with Standard Modern Greek is difficult to determine with precision because great fluidity is attested across different settings and geographical areas. At the school environment, for example, one notices the existence of three different varieties: Cypriot Greek, as the home variety that is used when students interact with each other, Standard Modern Greek, as the language of the teaching material, and another standard-like variety that incorporates elements from both varieties, and is present in the repertoire of both the students and the instructors (Sophocleous and Wilks. 2010; Hadjioannou et al., 2011; Leivada et al.. 2017).
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  290. Gzt sağlam ekipsiniz cidden
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  291. Lenin was Chuvash too
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  292. Imperium Turcicum😍
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  293. Siam was stronk 😎
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  294. In the middle of the sixth century the Turkic group bearing the ethnonym Türk crushed the Ruanruan and gained control of the castern steppes for the next few hundred years. The subsequent Türk empires at times also controlled Mongolic and Para-Mongolic peoples, including the Khitan, who copied political and organizational terms from Turkic. During this period, the ancestors of the historical Mongols are likely to have been contained within the entities known by the names Otuz Tatar (Shiwei) and Toquz Tatar (Southern Shiwei), located east and southeast of Lake Baikal. West and north of the lake were the Turkic Üc Qurigan, the linguistic ancestors of the Yakut. In 742 the Türk were defeated by the likewise Turkic confederation of the Uighur, who, in turn, were pushed aside by the Ancient Kirghiz in the 840s. Some Uighur tribes took refuge with the Otuz Tatar, but most of them withdrew to the oases of Eastern Turkestan. The Uighur then never returned to the steppes, even when they were invited by the Khitan, who had overcome the Kirghiz in the 920s. In the twelfth century, part of the Khitan, subseqently known as the Black Khitan (Qara Qitay), migrated westward to Central Asia and became Turkicized. In Mongolia, the immediate linguistic ancestors of the historical Mongols spread Mongolic (Pre-Proto- Mongolic) speech to territories previously held by Turkic speaking populations. The Mongols mainly occupied the basins of the rivers Orkhon and Kerulen, but the closely related Kereit and Naiman tribes expanded further to the west. Both the Kereit and espe- cially the Naiman may have contained unassimilated Turkic elements, as is suggested by the occurrence of Turkic names and titles among them. Janhunen, J. (2011) The Mongolic languages. London: Routledge. p.406
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  295. Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
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  296. In sum: Turkish is the exact same concept as Danish and Turkic is the exact same concept as Germanic 👀
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  297.  @winnerswontquitquitterswil544  Greeks don’t even carry R1 they are not descendants of Yamnaya descended Mycenaeans but descendants of Minoans, Pelasgians and Anatolians/Levantines.
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  298. Popularly called The Golden Horde, the domains of the heirs of Jochi were not known by that name. The term ‘Golden Horde’ does not enter the sources until the sixteenth century, when Russian chroniclers referred to the domains as Zolotaia Orda, the Golden Camp or Palace.¹ During the Mongol era, they were known as the Kipchak Ulus or Khanate or the Jochid Ulus or Khanate. The Kipchak Khanate appellation came later and was a substitution for the Dasht-i Kipchak, or the Kipchak Steppes.
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  299. It's now agreed over that the Xiongnu, European Huns, & White Huns were a common Hunnic people whereas their ethno-linguistic affiliation is presumed to be Oghur Turkic Reconstruction of the Turkic Jie language, spoken by the Jie people, a Xiongnu tribal group su-Ø kete-r erkan boklug-gu tukta-ŋ English translation : When/as the army goes out, capture the Boklug (a chief) ! The Hunnic inscription on a dinner plate belonging to the last ruler of the Huns, Dengizich, was identified as Turkic. The Hunnic sample of Khan Diggiz plate ; kinkeg dikkiz ükü essä – kijü sax sax saxynil gür täηrig English translation : Beware of king Dikkiz the Wise's blow ! Retreat to the Tengri (God) beyond the world!
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  300. Animasyonlar çok güzel yine
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  301.  @enisko  his ass
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  302. But he put some non-Turkic states such as Xianbei, Rouran and Ayyubids.
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  303. Timurid y-dna is J2 while Borjigin y-dna is C2. Their paternal ancestor couldn’t be same.
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  304. Mehmed the Conqueror cut his head
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  305. Avars and Bulgars are Oghur Turks like Huns and Khazars
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  306. Sad Ottoman noises
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  307. Dilek K. Kaynak olarak gösterdiği sayfa da kürt sayfası🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
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  308. Ethiopia was also one of the enemies of Ottoman Empire and Muslim states in Africa.
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  309.  @scottthomas1153  chad* guy
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  310. In contradistinction to a Julian, an Alexander Severus, a Marcus Aurelius and even a Hadrian, who felt themselves more Greek than Latin, Justinian wished to be a Latin Roman Emperor. He was confirmed in these feelings by his horror of Hellen ism. A Roman Emperor, Justinian was also a Christian Emperor. He considered himself the pillar of the Christian orthodox faith. The Hellenic spirit is profoundly pagan and Justinian abominated it. For him, as for his contem poraries and successors, Hellene was synonymous with pagan and to call anyone by this term was to insult him. The Greek peoples themselves assumed the name Pauaio (Romans). Even to-day Romios is still used by the common people. Hellene is an artificial term revived in the nineteenth century. The capital of the Empire is called Roum by the Arab and Turkish peoples of Asia. Lot, F., 2013. End of the Ancient World. Routledge.
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  311. Chad Britain vs Virgin China
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  312. 3 of the 4 expansive Caliphate fronts were halted by Turks ; Khazars in Caucasus, Turgesh& Turk Shahis & Göktürks in Central Asia, Bulgars (allied with Romans) in Thrace
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  313. Al-Jahiz, the renowned ninth century Arab prose writer, wrote an essay entitled “The Virtues of the Turks.” In this essay al-Jahiz describes the various contingents that formed the Abbasid army and argues that the Turks were far superior to the other groups when it came to fighting, riding, discipline, and war.
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  314.  Jorge Gutierrez  Then you don't know history at all. Because Osman I himself was a Central Asian Turk directly from Turkmenistan Merv. Whose ancestors run away from Mongol invasion.
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  315. In short, it is hard to think of any other ethnolinguistic entity in history that conquered so vast a territory and founded so many empires and states, also contributing to world civilizations. The history of the Turkic peoples was an important factor in world history for more than a millennium until the emergence of Europe as the world's dominant power. What happened in the Turkic world often affected the history of China, Central Asia, the Middle East, South Asia, and Europe. One may also argue that world history began with the "Turko-Mongol" empire created by Chinggis Khan. In the contemporary world, Turkic-speaking nations form six states (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, and Turkey/Türkiye) and several "autonomous" units in Russia (the republics of Chuvash, Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Altai, Khakassia, Tuva, and Sakha) and China (the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). Turkic peoples also reside as minority groups in several other countries, including Mongolia and Iran, among others. It would therefore be difficult to acquire a comprehensive understanding of world history as well as our present world without studying the history of the Turkic peoples.
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  316. Volga Bulgars spoke Turkic not slavic because they are part of Bulgar Turks not slavic bulgarians,those people have nothing to do with modern bulgarians
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  317. This can be surmised by analysing the names of Hunnic princes and tribes. The names of the following Hunnic princes are clearly Oghuric Turkic in origin: Mundzuk (Attila’s father, from Turkic Muncˇuq = pearl/jewel; for an in-depth discussion of the Hunnic origin of this name in particular see Schramm (1969), 139–40), Oktar/Uptar (Attila’s uncle, Öktär = brave/powerful), Oebarsius (another of Attila’s paternal uncles, Aïbârs = leopard of the moon), Karaton (Hunnic supreme king before Ruga, Qarâton = black-cloak), Basik (Hunnic noble of royal blood, early fifth century, Bârsig˘ = governor), Kursik (Hunnic noble of royal blood, from either Kürsig˘ , meaning brave or noble, or Quršiq meaning beltbearer). For these etymologies see Bona (1991), 33. Three of Attila’s known sons 40 have probable Turkic names: Ellac, Dengizich, Hernak, and Attila’s princi­ pal wife, the mother of the ‘crown prince’ Ellac, has the Turkic name Here­ kan, as does another notable wife named Eskam. See Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 392–415. See also Bona (1991), 33–5, and Pritsak (1956), 414. Most known Hunnic tribal names are also Turkic, Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 427–41, e.g. Ultincur, Akatir etc. The cur suffix in many of these names is a well-known Turkic title and as Beckwith (1987), 209, points out the To-lu or Tardus tribes (Hunnic in origin) of the Western Turkish On Oq were each headed by a Cur (noble). Zieme (2006), 115, speculates that the title cur belongs to a pre-Turkic Tocharian stratum of the Turkic language, which, if true, again highlights the essential heterogeneity of Central Asian peoples and even languages. See also Aalto (1971), 35. In addition to this primary language (Oghuric Turkic), Priscus informs us that Latin and Gothic were also understood by the Hunnic elite. See Priscus, fr. 13.3, Blockley (1983), 289. Mclaughlin, Professors Hyun & Lieu, Rome and China: Points of Contact (Routledge, 2021)
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  318. Turkish arthitecture be like…
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  319. Greatest ethnicity of all time😼
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  320. Ancestors of Iceland,Sweden,Denmark and Norway
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  321. Islam and India :-) very interesting topic
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  322. Before the rise of Genghis Khan Mongolic was spreading at westward and absorbing Turkic speakers (Janhunen, 2008). During the Mongol expansion, Turkic speakers whose tribes and states had been incorporated into the Mongol empire were so much more numerous than Mongols that, although Mongolian was the language of command, it was Turkic rather than Mongolic speech that was chiefly spread across Central Asia and the central and western steppe. Antonio Benítez-Burraco, ‎Steven Moran 2018 p.92
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  323. Turkic dynasties like Dulo, Arpad and Seljuk claimed descent from Huns😎
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  324. timmy anagnostos bro Turks arabs georgians kurds persians are not native anatolians Only lazs assyrians armenians and syriac Greeks are immigrant too
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  325. Altai❤
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  326.  @Take-aim-and-reload...  🤲🏿🤲🏿🤲🏿🍼🍼🍼 They didn’t even live for 40 years hahaha
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  327. Hasan Sariyildiz Elazığlıyım,merkezden
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  328. Atilla GokTurk Türkler kürtlerden önce anadoluda vardı Utrigurları,Kutrigurları,peçenekleri, uzları,Hazarları,Tolunoğulları ve Akşitleri araştır bunlar Selçukludan önce anadoluya gelen Türkler kürtler ise ilk defa 10.yüzyılda gelmiştir Bunu yazan da kurdoloji com adlı site
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  329. Aztec Genocide 😭😭😭
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  330. Great Germanic victory
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  331. Ama bugün Rusça konuşmayı çok seviyorlar ne yazık ki :/
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  332. Güzel bir konuya değinmişsin 👏
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  333. Israel from Turkey
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  334. Yeni mülteciler yolda 😐
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  335. In a manuscript of Otto of Freising's History of Two Cities an editor, seemingly from the thirteenth century, added a marginal note to a passage describing the conversion of a king of the Huns at the time of the Emperor Justinian. This note commented that the Turks' were formerly known as 'Huns' and that Western Huns are now called Hungarians and Avars. This comment, whilst obscure and late, demonstrates that this author at least understood that a link existed between the Turks and Hungarians. 52 There is an earlier source that makes a similar point. This is the Chronicle of Montecassino, which in an account of the First Crusade's crossing of Asia Minor, refers to the Seljuk Turkish ruler, Qilij Arslan of Nicaea, as the 'king of Huns, who now we call Turks'. 53 Morton, N., John, S. (2016). Crusading and Warfare in the Middle Ages: Realities and Representations. Essays in Honour of John France. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis. p. 59.
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  336. Based Turks❤
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  337.  @winnerswontquitquitterswil544  There are many R/J carriers in Altai mountains🤣🤣🤣
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  338.  @theegyptianpharaonicking3849  I support Coptic language being official language of Egypt again.
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  339. The Khazars were as powerful as the Byzantine Empire, which they befriended in the 10th century and who wanted to use them as allies in the struggle against the equally powerful Arabs of the Muslim Caliphate. Khazaria lasted for about five hundred years. It is believed that without the Khazars, Europe (or at least a sizable part of that continent) would have been completely Islamic. Arthur Koestler says in The Thirteenth Tribe: “As Charles Martel's France saved Gaul and Western Europe, so the Khazars saved the eastern approaches to the Volga, the Danube, and the East Roman Empire Itself.” (P. 30).
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  340. In a matter of decades Modu united all of eastern Inner Asia and created an empire larger than that of Alexander the Great. The standing army of the Xiongnu was also expanded to 300,000 men, now a match for the huge armies of Han China.
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  341. Then the winged hussars arrived comments incoming...
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  342. The fate of the Germans in Eastern Europe after 1945 was largely defined by the expulsion, resettlement, and displacement caused by the aftermath of World War II, as well as by shifting borders, political realignments, and the broader context of post war reconstruction. Many were forced out of their ancestral homes, faced significant hardships, and were scattered across Germany and other countries. Over time, they became part of the larger wave of postwar European migration and settlement, which shaped the demographic and political landscapes of both Eastern and Western Europe.
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  343. Yeah. He was better warrior than all of those kings including Cyrus
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  344. Hunno-Bulgars
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  345. Çeteleştikleri gerçeğini göz ardı mı edeceğiz?
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  346. Making an argument from silence, we may assume that the Khazars were the first permanent tribute-taking polity in the area. Kiev, which two centuries later was to become a key centre of a Rus' state formation, was founded by the Khazars as an outpost. When, in the ninth century, Vikings from the North appeared and formed the first polity centred on this area, it was the Khazars against whom they had to compete. Archaeological findings document a Scan- dinavian presence from the middle of the seventh century. By the beginning of the ninth century, they were residents (Noonan 1986: 339). By 839, we know from the Annals of St. Bertin that they had established a polity known as the Rus' Khaganate. To quote the leading Khazar scholar, Peter Golden, As for the Rus' qaghanate, we know nothing concrete about its origins. Both Pritsak and the writer of these lines concluded that there must have been some marital connection between the Khazar qaghanal line and the Rus rulers. Pritsak suggested that the founder of the line was a Khazar Qaghan who fled the Kabar (Qabar) revolt in the 830's and 'found refuge in the Rus' factory (trading post) dominating the vital Volga-Donets route from the region near Iaroslavl'-Rostov. I also argued for a blood tie because anything less, in steppe Eurasia (the most important audience for such imperial pre- tentions), would have been meaningless. (Golden 2001: 32)
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  347. Çandarlı=Chandarlı not Kandarlı 😅
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  348.  @shehzadadarashikoh9463  Mughals lost 60% of their battles🤣
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  349. Ultra-Sad Muslim noises…
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  350. The greatest success of the Turks, their history as administrators,has been little appreciated in the West. For six hundred years the Ottoman Empire ruled successfully over a great land, an imperial record that can stand with that of Romans. The Ottomans created an empire of unique toleration, where many peoples and religions kept their own traditions at a time when religious persecution was the rule elsewhere. It was an empire of laws, held together by rules as much as by the personality of the sultan. It is no accident that the great sultan Süleyman, known to the West as The Magnificent, was known to the Turks as The Lawgiver, asign of his and the Empire's true success. If the achievements of the Turks in politics and law are littleknown in America, those in the humanities are even less so. Yet Turkish music, art, architecture, and poetry were the crowning glories, coming as they do from a different cultural tradition. The beauty of Turkish poetry may only be fully appreciated in Turkish and Turkish classical music may not perfectly match whatis expected by Western ears, but the beauty of Turkish art caneasily be seen. The grace of Turkish calligraphy, the colors of Turkish miniature paintings, and the geometric forms of Turkishporcelain tiles are known to be high art by anyone who has seenthem. The great mosques of Istanbul, especially Sinan's Süleymaniye Mosque, rival any buildings in the world. The accomplishments of modern Turkey have been in a different context. The task of the modern Turks was to create a democratic,independent society. In a time of imperialism, Turkey was oneof the few nations to keep its independence, despite great odds against it. Turkey was almost unique outside of Western Europeand North America in its sustained drive to gain democracy. Firs tnoted under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk for its campaign to educateand develop its people to live in the modern world. Turkey now is an economic success and a multiparty democracy. It is one of the few countries of its region that have significantly raised itself up economically, without oil revenues to depend on. Muchremains to be done, but the success is notable. Today, Turkey is a bridge between the Middle East and the West,as well as a bridge between the West and the newly freed lands of Central Asia. It is a state whose people are overwhelmingly Muslim, yet also a state that is thoroughly secular in its lawsand government. The great tradition of Islam is not forgotten,nor is the tradition of western philosophy, government, and technology.
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  351. AMc呃哇哦 Anadolunun tek gerçek yerlisi Hattilerdir belki bunun yanında asur,süryani ve iber kafkasyalı hurriler
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  352. Hasan Sariyildiz Kings and Generals, Epimetheus,Masaman,History time,History with Cy gibi kanallarda yorumlarımı görebilirsin Yine tarih hırsızlığı yapmaya çalışan yabancılarla muhattap oluyorum orada da adamın tek bildiği şu 400 sayfa kitap okudum benim dediğim doğru tek kanıtı da kendi yazdıkları benim bulduğum akademik makaleler evrensel sözlükler ona fazla geliyor
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  353. Make more videos on naval history :)
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  354. There were 4 nations which have managed to defeat the 1200's Mongols in war ; Javanese (Majapahit), Turks (Khalji & Bahri Mamluks), Japanese, Vietnamese (Dai Viet). Mongols of the first half of the 13th century however were unstoppable Major nations destroyed by the Mongols ; -Jin(Tungusic) -Khwarezmids(Turkic) -Souther Song(Sinitic) -Kara Khitais(Khitanic) -Cumania(Turkic) -Kievan Rus(Germanic and Slavic) -Seljuk Rum(Turkic) -Abbasids(Arabic) -Western Xia(Qiangic) -Volga Bulgaria(Turkic)
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  355. Armenian history =Get ruling by others all the time
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  356. Crying Romanov noises
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  357. Nikov is the first Bulgarian historian to pay special attention to, and attri bute great significance to, the Turkic components in the Bulgarian ethnogen esis (i.e., after the Bulgars) and among the ruling aristocracy. He elaborated on the issue of the "Turkic element's" influence upon Bulgarian history in a 1928 unpublished manuscript (delivered as a public lecture). Nikov began with the following policy-setting statement: There is no period in our history on which the Turkic element did not exert its strongest influence and did not leave the deepest traces in the development of our people. [...] None of the Balkan peoples has experi enced the Turkic influence so strongly as our people, The Turkic pressure began from Central Asia and had two directions to the northwest through southern Russia, and to the southwest through Persia and Asia Minor. The Bulgarian state was founded due to one of the Turkic peoples, the Bulgars, who themselves joined a number of Turkic tribal alliances (of Huns, Kutrigurs, Utigurs, Avars, and Khazars). During Byzantine rule, the Turkic Pechenegs and Uz came from the north; many of them crossed the Danube and were assimilated by the Bulgarian people. Then came the Cumans, without whose decisive help the uprising of Asenevtsi would hardly have succeeded. Thus, just as the First Bulgarian Kingdom was founded with the help of the Turkic Bulgars, the Second Kingdom was founded with "the decisive collabora tion of the Turkic Cumans."129 Not only did Cumans settle south of the Danube and become assimilated and absorbed by the Slavic-Bulgarian people, but they were also of great significance politically in the Second Kingdom, whose dynas ties all had Cuman blood in them. There were also many Bulgarian boyars of Cuman origin, including Balic in Dobrudzha. It could even be said that the Cumans acquired a dominant position in the political life of the state. 130 There followed the influence of the Mongol Tartars, who even supplied one Bulgarian king, Chaka. But of greatest importance were the Ottoman and Seljuk Turks, who conquered the Balkans from Asia Minor. Concerning the Cumans, Nikov considers the "transfusion of blood" from Turkic "elements" an asset, a means of rejuvenating and strengthening the "race" and enhancing the vitality of the Bulgarian people (in contrast with the conquering Turks).
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  358. And Iran, which was ruled by others after the Sassanids :)
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  359. Le roi arouf remember ww1
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  360.  @user-jf6yv8rj2s  Turkic empires ruled Hellenic women very long time🌝
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  361. Turkishes and Egyptians have no problem bro
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  362. Cyprus is Turkiye 😜
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  363. Overall, the Mongol violence and depredations killed up to three-fourths of the population of the Iranian Plateau, possibly ten to fifteen million people. Some historians have estimated that Iran's population did not again reach its pre- Mongol levels until the mid- twentieth century.
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  364. Krum Khan (also known as Krum the Fearsome) was a military chieftain from Pannonia who became one of the greatest rulers of Bulgaria. During his reign, he unified the Bulgars and fought a successful war against the Byzantine Empire. Krum's defeat of the Avars early in his rule enabled him to unite the Bulgars who had lived under Avar rule. With the defeat of the Avars, Bulgars replaced them as overlords of the Slavs and Romanians living north of the Danube River. After the Byzantines raided Bulgaria in 807, Krum's troops struck back. In 811, the Byzantine emperor, Nikephoros I, personally led a large army against the Bulgars. He succeeded in sacking Krum's capital of Pliska, but on his way home the Bulgars ambushed and destroyed his army and killed Nikephoros. The Bulgars made his skull into a gruesome drink- ing cup. Krum followed his victory by capturing two important Byzantine ports on the Black Sea. In 813, after he had defeated the large army the Byzantines sent against him, Krum captured Thrace and invaded the area surrounding Constantinople. He sent many Byzantine subjects to Bulgaria to serve as soldiers in his army. In 814, as commander of a massive army, Krum marched on Constantinople. He never arrived, dying of a stroke on the way. In his dealings with the Byzantine rulers, Krum resorted to military force only after diplomacy failed. For example, throughout his campaign against Nikephoros, he extended several peace offers, which the emperor ignored. Throughout 812 and 813, he attempted to negotiate with the Byzantines. Only after his gestures were rejected did he launch his attacks. Krum was not only a great warrior but an effective administrator as well. He issued the first national law code in the history of the Bulgarian state, a fragment of which has survived. He tolerated other ethnic groups and employed a diverse group of people-Bulgars, Avars, Slavs, Greeks, and even an Arab-in his administration. In the Byzantine territories, he placed Greeks in high administrative positions.
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  365. Germanic people conquer another Germanic people :-)
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  366.  @winnerswontquitquitterswil544  J1 doesn’t even mean Arabic, their deep ancestors (Proto-Afro-Asiatic Natufian culture) carried more E1 than J1
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  367. The Qur'an includes the Surat Ar-Rum, the sura dealing with "the Romans", sometimes translated as "The Byzantines," reflecting a term now used in the West. These Romans of the 7th century, referred to as Byzantines in modern Western scholarship, were the inhabitants of the surviving Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire. Since all ethnic groups within the Roman empire had been granted citizenship by 212 AD, these eastern peoples had come to label themselves Ρωμιοί or Ῥωμαῖοι Romaioi (Romans), using the word for Roman citizen in the eastern lingua franca of Koine Greek. This citizenship label became "Rûm" in Arabic. The Eastern Roman, or Byzantine, Empire traced its origin as an institution to the foundation of Constantinople as the new capital of the Roman Empire in 330 by Constantine the Great. The Byzantine Empire survived the 5th century, when the Western Roman Empire fell, more or less intact and its populace continually maintained that they were Romaioi (Romans), not Hellenes (Greeks), even as the empire's borders gradually became reduced to in the end only encompassing Greek-speaking lands. Nicol 1992, p. ix.
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  368. There's a common pattern between Alparslan and Attila both inflicted heavy defeats against the Romans in Manzikert and Ravenna respectively and died just the year after at the height of their power
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  369. For some reason, the people of the Nordic countries often term that state “angry like a Turk.”
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  370. Northern Africans (Berbers and Egyptians) got Arabized due to those invasions 😐
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  371. Long live Babur Shah🇺🇿😻😻😻😻😻
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  372.  @saxtonhalegaming  A short-lived marauding empire that fell apart after Genghis Khan's death…
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  373. Studies in both Greece and Cyprus are included in this chapter. Standard Greek is the language spoken throughout Greece at home, with minor dialectic variation, and the sole language of administration and education. In contrast, in Cyprus the home language is Cypriot Greek, a dialect with no standardized or written form, but the language of administration and education is very similar to standard Greek, in a situation of diglossia (Hadjioannou, Tsiplakou & Kappler, 2011). There are differences between standard and Cypriot Greek in most linguistic domains, and the two dialects are not entirely mutually intelligible (see discussion and references in Arvaniti, 2006, 2010). Although many phonological awareness tasks may be largely equivalent when used in Greece and Cyprus, it might be kept in mind that Cypriot children are taught and tested in a nonnative linguistic system. Saiegh-Haddad, E. (2017). Learning to Read Arabic. In L. Verhoeven & C. Perfetti (Eds.), Learning to Read across Languages and Writing Systems (pp. 183). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Cypriot Greek, which has a certain amount of regional variation, is markedly different from Standard Greek not only for historical reasons but also because of geographical isolation, different settlement patterns, and extensive contact with typologically distinct languages. The syntax of Cypriot Greek is almost identical with that of Standard Greek, but there are differences in morphol ogy and considerable differences in lexicon and phonology (Papapavlou 1994). The main phonological differences include the presence in Cypriot of palato-alveolar affri cates, and of geminate consonants, includ ing in word-initial position (Newton 1972). Although the differences in syntax, mor phology and phonology are not enormous, the Cypriot dialect and Standard Greek are not particularly readily intelligible (Papa pavlou 1994), probably mostly because the lexicon of Cypriot has significantly more. lexical items of non-Greek origin (Chat zioyannou 1936). Ammon, U., Dittmar, N., Mattheier, K. and Trudgill, P., n.d. Sociolinguistics/ Soziolinguistik. Volume 3. p.1886.
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  374.  @CheLanguages  Fun Fact: Northeast Turkish dialects (like Erzurum Turkish) have more common with Azerbaijani than Standard Turkish hence why many scholars call Azeri East Turkish dialect. Another funny thing is Balkan Turkish has more common with Gagauz than Standard Turkish😅 that’s why i always say both Gagauz and Azeri are Turkish dialects.
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  375. Arabs were nobody in most history and they are still nobody🤣
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  376.  @kaloyanrosenov2123  cringe
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  377. Just like their close ethno-linguistic relatives Khazars, the Bulgars under Tervel Khan also defeated the Islamic armies that attacked Europe.
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  378.  @CosmicCreeper99  They got ruled by Parthians, Romans, Persians, Turks, Russians etc.
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  379. Lastly, as was just seen, the Huns of Europe, who were no doubt of Turkic stock, held sway over the Russian steppe in the region adjoining the Sea of Azov and the mouths of the Don, although the rivalry of their two hordes—Kutrigurs in the west, Uturgurs in the east— undermined their power.
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  380. Animasyonlarınıza bayılıyorum❤️
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  381. The Achaemenids and Sassanids got destroyed by a Hellenic and Arabic tribe respectively Parthians had their capital countless times sacked by Romans and post Islamic Persia was basically a playground for Arabs, Turks, and Mongols as we all know
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  382. Another important reason for the success of the Turks was their superior military technology and art of war . These nomads from the Steppes could be credited with introducing ' the age of the horse .
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  383. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
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  384. Interesting topic👍
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  385. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
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  386. Five hundred years of Ottoman rule (or “the Turkish yoke” as commonly heard in Bulgaria), which ended with the Russian-Ottoman war, have intensely marked the Bulgarian consciousness.
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  387. The writer uses the ambiguous term “Hellene,” which generally means “pagan” in Byzantine Greek. Plethon and his followers used the term almost to the exclusion of all others when referring to their own countrymen. Nagy., 2003. Modern Greek Literature. Taylor & Francis, p.30. " In its final centuries , the Byzantine Empire was also called " Romania . " Remnants of this Roman heritage are still evident in such terms as " Rum " and " Rumeli . Georgius, Philippides, M. and Macarius, 1980. The fall of the Byzantine empire. Amherst, MA: Univ. of Massachusetts Pr., p.2. Given Gennadios ' strong religious and traditional orientation , one would expect him to adhere carefully to the traditional Byzantine nomenclature wherein Hellene signified pagan and Rhomaios Byzantine . Ćurčić, S. and Mouriki, D., 2019. The Twilight of Byzantium. Princeton: Princeton University Press, p.9. And there is also evidence that the word 'Hellene' now meant 'pagan', and Justinian did conduct persecutions of Hellenes. Scott, R., n.d. Byzantine chronicles and the sixth century. The Byzantine Empire was officially called the Empire of the Romans, not the Greeks, Hellenes, or whatever. And if we proceed from the northern theory of the formation of the state, then we could not know about the Hellenic Greeks, Venetian-Venets in any way due to the lack of direct contacts. At that time, the word “Hellene” among the Romans meant a pagan and a traitor. Attila Kagan of the Huns from the kind of Velsung Kindle Edition by Соловьев Сергей Юрьевич (Author) The ancient Hellenes were conquered by the Romans . Emperor Justinian destroyed the last vestiges of Hellenic civilisation , and state Christianity created a new civilisation on the ruins of the old . Koliopoulos, G. and Veremēs, T., 2007. Greece: the modern sequel. London: Hurst & Company, p.242. Hellenes as they were called, were persecuted by the enforcement of these general rules; Justinian endeavored, above all things, to deprive them of education, and he had the University of Athens closed in 529; at the same time ordering wholesale conversations. The Cambridge Medieval History volumes 1-5 by John Bagnell Bury, Paul Dalen (Goodreads Author) (Editor) And there is also evidence that the word 'Hellene' now meant 'pagan', and Justinian did conduct persecutions of Hellenes. The world of Classics in the sixth century was not entirely rosy. Scott, R., n.d. Byzantine chronicles and the sixth century It is believed that there was some kind of trade route, but the object of exchange is not clear. The Baltic States could offer amber, but the path along the Elbe and then the Danube is better and safer than the path "From the Varangians to the Greeks" invented by idle historians. First, where did the Greeks come from? The Byzantine Empire was officially called the Empire of the Romans, not the Greeks, Hellenes, or whatever. And if we proceed from the northern theory of the formation of the state, then the Veneti Veneti could not know about the Greek-Hellenes, due to the lack of direct contacts. At that time, the word "Hellene" among the Romans meant a pagan and a traitor. And the term Varangian, unknown even among the Scandinavians, at least in Saxon Grammar it does not occur, from the word at all. The way from Wagry sounds more reasonable, and where? If we translate the term "Hellene" as a pagan, then we get that the way from Wagri to the east was the way of pagan pilgrims. Russia the formation of the state in the 9th century Veneds and the severjans (northerners), part of the Huns, which became the basis of a new community Kindle Edition by Solovyov Sergey (Author) Although the Breviarum has some major flaws, including a lacuna for nearly the entire reign of Constans II (r. 641-668), it is nonetheless one of the most important sources for his tory from the reign of Phocas through Constantine V-in no small part due to the fame of its author rather than the work's intrinsic merit.79 Nikephoros' use of names in this text is somewhat idiosyncratic. This short history does not have much on language-the sole mention of Latin names it 'Itaλ@v qwvn.80 He never refers to Greek, but 'Hellene' is invari ably a pejorative term, used in the sense of meaning 'pagan. On the other hand, he regularly glosses 'Christians' as meaning 'Romans' in a cultural and even political sense. Like other Greek-writing authors of this period, Nikephoros displays a high degree of laxity of precision in his terminology. In spite of the relatively relaxed attitudes adopted by contemporaries with respect to linguistic labels, it is clear that the later medieval and mod ern colloquial usage of the signifier Roman' for the Greek language is unprecedented in the early middle ages. Where the 'Roman tongue" is mentioned in the sources, it is always Latin which is signified-and this is consistent from Procopius in the sixth century through Constantine VII in the tenth. WHALIN, D., 2022. ROMAN IDENTITY FROM THE ARAB CONQUESTS TO THE TRIUMPH OF ORTHODOXY. [S.l.]: PALGRAVE MACMILLAN, p.31.
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  388. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷😍
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  389.  @nastic_27  1389 and 1529 were not even defeats🤣
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  390. Crying Muslim noises
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  391. Milistinli mardeşlerimiz moruq yhaaa
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  392. Neither holy, nor roman, nor an empire 🌝 That’s probably best quote in history
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  393.  @shehzadadarashikoh9463  A weak state militarily. And their rule as a superpower was short lived.
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  394. Love and support Azerbaijan from Turkiye❤❤❤ One nation, two states
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  395. Hasan Sariyildiz Bir toplumun kimliği belirlenirken dil üzerinden gidilir onların konuştuğu dil hangi dil ailesine giriyor ona bakılır Türki dil ailesine giriyorsa Türk olur moğolikse moğol indo aryansa hint iran kürtler bunu gözden kaçırıyor :))))) Urartulara Hurrilere falan konmaya çalışıyor adam ama bilmiyor ki ama ikisi birbiriyle aynı toplum ve İber-Kafkasya dili konuşuyorlar Hint avrupa bile değil :D yani günümüzün çerkes,çeçen,inguş,dağıstan dillerine yakın Adamın mantığı şu doğuda yaşadığıysa bu benim atamdır 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣 O mantığa göre orta asyadaki soğdların ve toharların Türk olması gerekiyor😂😂😂😂😂😂😂 Artuklulara,Saltuklulara hatta Akkoyunlulara bile konmaya çalışan gördüm cahillik diz boyu araştırma 0 internette yığınla kaynak varken bakmıyor bir kürt sayfasından duyduğuna inanıyor🤣🤣🤣🤣 Sadece bu değil zeki bazidli diye bir aptal var her yerde yorumunu görürsün o da diyordu 30000 yıllık tarihimiz var diye😏😏😏😏😏😏😏
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  396. Their role cannot be discounted , but without the military genius of Sultan Mehmed II , whose technological faith and foresight in using these new weapons can easily be recognized , the gunpowder weapons present , if there had been many there, may not have played the role they did.
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  397.  @Letnistonwandif  and don’t forget about your ancestors being ruled by Germanic emperors from Habsburg dynasty
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  398.  @Letnistonwandif  Hayreddin Barbarossa > your entire admirals Preveza > any Spanish naval victory
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  399. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
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  400. Bülent Chadevit 🦈😼😎
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  401. Sinitic history was really powerful especially in ancient times.
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  402. In the case of Early Pre-Proto-Mongolic, certain loanwords in the Mongolic languages point to early contact with Oghur (Pre-Proto-Bulgaric) Turkic, also known as r-Turkic. These loanwords precede Common Turkic (z-Turkic) loanwords and include: • Mongolic ikere (twins) from Pre-Proto-Bulgaric ikir (versus Common Turkic ekiz) • Mongolic hüker (ox) from Pre-Proto-Bulgaric hekür (Common Turkic öküz) • Mongolic jer (weapon) from Pre-Proto-Bulgaric jer (Common Turkic yäz) • Mongolic biragu (calf) versus Common Turkic buzagu • Mongolic siri- (to smelt ore) versus Common Turkic siz- (to melt) The above words are thought to have been borrowed from Oghur Turkic during the time of the Xiongnu. Later Turkic peoples in Mongolia all spoke forms of Common Turkic (z-Turkic) as opposed to Oghur (Bulgharic) Turkic, which withdrew to the west in the 4th century. The Chuvash language, spoken by 1 million people in European Russia, is the only living representative of Oghur Turkic which split from Proto Turkic around the 1st century AD. Words in Mongolic like dayir (brown, Common Turkic yagiz) and nidurga (fist, Common Turkic yudruk) with initial *d and *n versus Common Turkic *y are sufficiently archaic to indicate loans from an earlier stage of Oghur (Pre-Proto-Bulgaric). This is because Chuvash and Common Turkic do not differ in these features despite differing fundamentally in rhotacism-lambdacism (Janhunen 2006). Oghur tribes lived in the Mongolian borderlands before the 5th century, and provided Oghur loanwords to Early Pre-Proto-Mongolic before Common Turkic loanwords. Golden 2011, p. 31.
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  403. Aren't Somalia and Ethiopia historical enemies?
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  404. Greece is nothing to compare Turkey😂
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  405. Ultra happy Germanic, Turkic, Georgian and Ukrainian noises
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  406. A similar view was held by the 11th century Arab historian Sa'ed Al-Andalusi. In his book "Category of the nations" he said the following about the Turks: "And their virtue which they skilled in is warfare and its means/tools, they are the best nation when it comes to chivalry, archery and swordsmanship" In another part of the book he says that the Chinese used to refer to the king of the Turks as "The king of the lions".
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  407. Siberia is turkic word which came from Turkic tribe Sabirs/Sibirs
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  408. There were 4 nations which have managed to defeat the 1200's Mongols in war ; Javanese (Majapahit), Turks (Khalji & Bahri Mamluks), Japanese, Vietnamese (Dai Viet). Mongols of the first half of the 13th century however were unstoppable Major nations destroyed by the Mongols ; -Jin(Tungusic) -Khwarezmids(Turkic) -Souther Song(Sinitic) -Kara Khitais(Khitanic) -Cumania(Turkic) -Kievan Rus(Germanic and Slavic) -Seljuk Rum(Turkic) -Abbasids(Arabic) -Western Xia(Qiangic) -Volga Bulgaria(Turkic)
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  409. Best Emperors: Mehmet the Conqueror Selim the Grim Suleiman the Magnificent Bayezid the Thunderbolt Murad IV
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  410. From this point of view, a large part of the 19 Cypriot historiography did not manage to achieve the substantial for the historian, to use a phrase by Eric Hobsbawm, overcoming of passions and political identities, 20⁰ identities that were of course created at the end or even after the Ottoman period. That is to say, that the national political identity of the Greek and the Turk, the national political ensembles of Greeks and Turks, realities of the post-Ottoman period in Cyprus are projected on the past of the 16th century. Thus, in 1571 Cyprus was conquered by the Ottomans and for the next three hundred and more years was a part of the Ottoman territory. The Greek Cypriot historiography uses for this transition and generally the entire Ottoman period the term Turkish rule a term that lends a national Turkish identity to Ottomans. A big part of traditional historiography refers to a Turkish state,²¹ mentioning a Turkish government, while correspondingly the conquered are included in another national identity, the Greek, which - and perhaps this is more important - at the time history is written, is in conflict with the Turkish. Already from the end of the 19th century, Greek Cypriot historiography states that during the Turkish rule "the spirit of the inhabitants fell to a pitiful point and poverty and misery and extreme ignorance, and depression of the national morale covered the island".23 The Orthodox on the island are defined by traditional historiography as a political group since "in the vizier's orders the participant in the defence of Famagusta Greek was a term that was generalised for all Greeks on the island". In relation to the population on the island the Turkish rule mentions that "after the occupation of Cyprus by the Turks the census that took place for tax pur poses revealed that the native Cypriot Greeks aged [...] in this population 20.000 30.000 Turks were added".25 It is also established that "the Turkish occupation brought to Cyprus many radical changes. The Turks supported the Greek population on the island in order not to give the opportunity to the peoples of Europe to be interested in the Cypriots […]”.26 And as it began with a national conflict that is how italso ends, since it is mentioned that “while the Turkish conquerors suppressed andpersecuted the Greeks on the island […]”.27 The existence therefore of a politicalnational group is considered given and every analysis of the Ottoman period func-tions in a way to bring to the forefront or reinforce the existence, even under difficultconditions, of such a group. This expressed the stereotyped view that the Cypriots“managed under the protection of the Church to maintain their religion, language,and national conscience as Greeks”.28 Even when relations are examined on differentlevels, even when they refer to the 17th century, these are characterised as relationsof the “Greeks and the Turks of Cyprus”.29 In the Turkish Cypriot historiography, the same perception is more or less fol-lowed; history is written under the same terms, the national terms but with one sub-stantial difference: The “Turks on the island” 30 are usually referred to as acomplimentary term of the word Ottomans and are placed on the side of the goodoften contrary to the “Greeks, Greek Cypriots” who are on the opposite side. Thesettlement of the “Turks”on the island is interpreted as something that broughtabout positive results for the entire island 31 and the local Ottoman administration isgenerally whitewashed. In short, Turkish Cypriot historiography also accepts theexistence of national groups. The Church of Cyprus expresses again the Greeks of Cyprus and its activities are mainly targeted against the Turks of Cyprus, 32 whilewithout hesitation the actions of the Prelates of 1600 in Cyprus are combined andidentified with the Akritas plan of the period after the independence. 33 The Prelatesare considered to express not only spiritually but also nationally the Orthodox of Cyprus while institutionally the Church of Cyprus is perceived as warring towardsthe local Turkish administration. 34 The Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot histo-riographies are identified when they project the present on the past, a past howeverthat is perceived and interpreted from a very different national point of view. Michael, M., Kappler, M. and Gavriel, E., 2009. Ottoman Cyprus: A Collection of Studies on History and Culture Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, pp.14,15.
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  411. Europeans: Slaves are Black Ottomans: Slaves are White Romans: EVERYBODY
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  412. YIĞINLA TÜRK DEVLETİ VAR 😍😍😍
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  413.  @winnerswontquitquitterswil544  E is more likely Northern African which is dominant in Egyptians and Berbers.
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  414. About Tengrism in Bulgaria: There are two direct references to Tangra as a Bulgar deity in the sources. One is found in an Ottoman manuscript where it is stated that the name of god in Bulgarian was “Tängri” (Bułghar dilindžä Tängri der).201 The other is in a badly-damaged inscription (carved on a marble column) which commemorates a sacrifice made by Omurtag“to the god Tangra” (κὲ ἐπύησ]εν θυσ[ήαν ἠς τὸν θεὸ]ν Ταγγραν).202 The inscription was found at the rocky cliff of Madara, a site that is commonly associated with the Tangra cult. It is worth remarking that according to ancient Inner Asian religious traditions, the favour of heaven had to manifest itself in the possession of “sacred mountains”. There the qaghan was thought to be closer to Tängri; he could therefore conduct “privileged conversations with him” and receive or transmit his orders.203 It is not unlikely that the site of Madara played a similar role in Bulgaria.204 To be sure, below the relief of the horseman archaeolo gists unearthed the foundations of a complex comprising of what seems to have been a pagan shrine (built on top of a three-aisled church dated to the sixth and seventh centuries), as well as a building with three divisions, which has been interpreted as a dwelling Amongst other things, it has been sug gested that the latter was a kind of private quarter for the ruler from which he seems to have directed the cult of Tangra, the ceremonial sacrifices and. quite possibly, the collective prayers. While Tangra is very likely to have been worshiped by certain Bulgar groups/clans before their migration to the Balkans, his promotion to the supreme god of the elite and. in a sense, the official religion of the Proto bulgarian state coincides in time with the gradual centralization of political power, a process that is rightly connected with Krum's and Omurtag's reigns in the early ninth century. Indeed, the ideology associated with the wor ship of Tangra was bound to enhance monarchical rulership. Just as Tangra was the supreme celestial being, the khan-his reflection-was regarded as rightfully the sole sovereign on earth or, at any rate. in the Bulgar state (an idea which finds clear expression in Omurtag's building inscription from Catalar). The ideology of a strong, divinely-sanctioned leadership clearly bears much of the credit for the survival of the khanate during this period. The certainties which this system of beliefs and values presented to the warrior aristocracy, if not to the entire population, the aura of sanctity surrounding the ruler, the awareness of heavenly support granted to military undertakings (an awareness reinforced through the regular performance of religious ritu als and ceremonials while on campaign)." all immeasurably strengthened the unity of the state and the political will of its subjects to survive. Another factor operative in the transition to Tangrist henotheism at this time may have been the fear of Byzantine imperialism. Foreign influences, as scholars have long pointed out, often paved the way for the adoption of a more sophisticated faith among nomads. However, this was rarely the reli gion of their imperial neighbours, for such a course invariably implied sub mission to the authority of the rulers of these states." The Bulgars, realizing that conversion to Islam or Judaism was not a viable option, and mindful of the influence the Byzantine Church could exercise on the khan's Christian subjects, had little choice but to promote Tangra as their supreme deity." It is important to emphasize that the late eighth/early ninth century marked the period of transition to henotheism only for the upper strata of the Bulgar society. Vigorous polytheism and totemism (i.e. the existence of an intimate, "mystical" relationship between a group or an individual and a natural object), both of which were incapable of furnishing a principle of spiritual (and political) unity, proved to be persistent and strong among the masses." This is also true of shamanism, a complex belief system espe cially common in Central and Inner Asian societies, but also discernible in the khanate in the pre-conversion period. Shamanism has been defined by anthropologists as a technique of ecstasy. By mastering this technique and reaching a state of trance the shaman was able to mediate between the world of humans and that of spirits. He thus functioned as a magician, prophet and healer who, among other things, had to "descend to the underworld" to find and bring back a sick person's soul. Given that most aspects of daily life in Eurasia were directly linked with the spiritual world-for instance. the life-supporting economic activities, from hunting to husbandry to agri culture, were thought to be protected by spirits-the role of the shaman was bound to be extremely important." Before we proceed any further, a piece of essential explanation: shaman ism has been a popular subject of accounts and research since the early eighteenth century. Although it is correctly believed that the shaman's technique of ecstasy and mode of operation are basically uniform through out Central and Inner Asia, it is impossible to construct a uniform model of shamanism as an institution. Further (and partly as a result of the above). it would be perilous to equate the modern "ethnographic shaman" with the religious specialists noted among historical Eurasian peoples. In this light. any attempt to investigate the development of this phenomenon in medieval steppe-nomad societies, including Bulgaria, is bound to be inconclusive. We have only fleeting glimpses of Bulgar shamanism in our sources. Sophoulis, P., 2011. Byzantium and Bulgaria, 775-831. Leiden: Brill, pp.84, 85, 86, 87.
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  415. Kosovo is Türkiye
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  416. The greatest success of the Turks, their history as administrators,has been little appreciated in the West. For six hundred years the Ottoman Empire ruled successfully over a great land, an imperial record that can stand with that of Romans. The Ottomans created an empire of unique toleration, where many peoples and religions kept their own traditions at a time when religious persecution was the rule elsewhere. It was an empire of laws, held together by rules as much as by the personality of the sultan. It is no accident that the great sultan Süleyman, known to the West as The Magnificent, was known to the Turks as The Lawgiver, asign of his and the Empire's true success. If the achievements of the Turks in politics and law are littleknown in America, those in the humanities are even less so. Yet Turkish music, art, architecture, and poetry were the crowning glories, coming as they do from a different cultural tradition. The beauty of Turkish poetry may only be fully appreciated in Turkish and Turkish classical music may not perfectly match whatis expected by Western ears, but the beauty of Turkish art caneasily be seen. The grace of Turkish calligraphy, the colors of Turkish miniature paintings, and the geometric forms of Turkishporcelain tiles are known to be high art by anyone who has seenthem. The great mosques of Istanbul, especially Sinan's Süleymaniye Mosque, rival any buildings in the world. The accomplishments of modern Turkey have been in a different context. The task of the modern Turks was to create a democratic,independent society. In a time of imperialism, Turkey was oneof the few nations to keep its independence, despite great odds against it. Turkey was almost unique outside of Western Europeand North America in its sustained drive to gain democracy. Firs tnoted under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk for its campaign to educateand develop its people to live in the modern world. Turkey now is an economic success and a multiparty democracy. It is one of the few countries of its region that have significantly raised itself up economically, without oil revenues to depend on. Muchremains to be done, but the success is notable. Today, Turkey is a bridge between the Middle East and the West,as well as a bridge between the West and the newly freed lands of Central Asia. It is a state whose people are overwhelmingly Muslim, yet also a state that is thoroughly secular in its lawsand government. The great tradition of Islam is not forgotten,nor is the tradition of western philosophy, government, and technology.
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  417. One of the best countries in the world
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  418. Love Korea from Turkiye❤
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  419. Ne olduğu gayet belli de söylersek Silivri Time :) Atletle tank durdurmuştuk galiba
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  420. Best Turkic and Muslim Empire in history😍
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  421.  @persianguy1524  source is literally your grandma
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  422. In the social hierarchy there were clear distinctions of status and power between “ Turks ” ( atrak ) , the term usually applied by native Egyptian writers to both Ottomans and Mamluks , and the Arabic - speaking indigenous population whom those in power often lumped together as " peasants " ( fallahin ) regardless of occu- pation or residence . Egypt: A Short History James P. Jankowski · 2000 · p.60
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  423. There were 4 nations which have managed to defeat the 1200's Mongols in war ; Javanese (Majapahit), Turks (Khalji & Bahri Mamluks), Japanese, Vietnamese (Dai Viet). Mongols of the first half of the 13th century however were unstoppable
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  424. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
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  425. Achaemenids: We are the strongest empire in the world Alexander: Hold my beer
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  426.  @august4215  Popularly called The Golden Horde, the domains of the heirs of Jochi were not known by that name. The term ‘Golden Horde’ does not enter the sources until the sixteenth century, when Russian chroniclers referred to the domains as Zolotaia Orda, the Golden Camp or Palace.¹ During the Mongol era, they were known as the Kipchak Ulus or Khanate or the Jochid Ulus or Khanate. The Kipchak Khanate appellation came later and was a substitution for the Dasht-i Kipchak, or the Kipchak Steppes. May, Timothy. “The Jochid Ulus or Golden Horde.” The Mongol Empire, Edinburgh University Press, 2018, pp. 280–314,
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  427. Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition, New York. 521; "It should be remembered that "Kurd" in the sources of the 4th-5th/10th-11th centuries refers to all the transhumants of the Zagros region including the Lors (Ebn Meskawayh, Tajāreb II, pp. 383, 392; Ebn al-Aṯīr, VIII, p. 521)."
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  428. Ottomans conquered Cyprus from Venetians, Venetians took from Crusaders, Crusaders took from Romans… Where were Greeks lol🤣
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  429. Real Karaboğa Slavs
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  430. The Huns were a confederation of Eurasian tribes, especially Turkic ones, from the Steppes of Central Asia. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Hunnic_Empire Even the language spoken by the Huns is in dispute, though most experts believe they were of Turkish speech. https://www.britannica.com/place/the-Steppe/New-barbarian-incursions Azerbaijan open to raids by Turkic nomadic tribes from the north, including Khazars and Huns. https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/commonwealth-independent-states-and-baltic-nations/cis-and-baltic-political-geography-6#HISTORY The Huns have often been considered a Turkic people, and sometimes associated with the Xiongnu. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkic_migration#Origin_theories The Huns, a Turkic-speaking people, driven westward during the Han dynasty in China (206 bc–ad 220), created a nomadic empire in central Asia that extended into Europe, beginning about ad 370. It reached almost to Rome under the leadership of Attila (r.433?–453) and declined after his death. https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/asia/chinese-political-geography/mongolia#HISTORY They are thought to be a Turkic people descended from the Xiongnu tribes, who first appeared as a tribal confederation on the northern frontier of China in the late third century BC. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/hunnic-empire Turkic nomadic tribes from the north, including Khazars and Huns. https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/asia/iranian-political-geography/azerbaijan-iran Originally nomadic peoples from the steppes of Central Asia, Turkish tribes began moving west toward Europe around the first century a.d. In the middle of the 400s, the first group, known as the Huns, reached western Europe. https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/turkish-americans Shih Le was a Chieh, a Hsiung-nu tribe which seems to have spoken a Turkic language. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/shih-le In 104, 102, and 42 b.c.e. Chinese armies defeated the Turkic nomad Xiongnu alongside captive Roman soldiers in the former Greek kingdom of Sogdiana. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/globalization-asia Khazars are also called Turks and Huns. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/asia-and-africa/central-asian-history/khazars https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/khazars In the opinion of other scholars it was earlier Turkic-language groups that took part in the formation of the Karachay ethnic group: Hunns, Bulgars, and Khazars. who were living in the northern Caucasus in the ninth to twelfth centuries. https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/africa/swaziland-political-geography/karachays https://www.everyculture.com/Russia-Eurasia-China/Karachays-History-and-Cultural-Relations.html Huns known as the. Turks. http://crossasia-repository.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/3333/1/Modi_History%20of%20the%20Huns.pdf The Huns, a Turkic-speaking people https://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Asia-and-Oceania/Mongolia-HISTORY.html
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  431. Turkic Gigachads❤
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  432. Caesar disliked this :)
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  433. Love and support Azerbaijan from their brother country Turkiye❤
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  434. Timeline videos, one of the my favorite video series :)
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  435.  @mollysmeow3455  Khazars ruled mainly non-Turkic peoples like native Caucasians and East Slavs
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  436. BAĞIMSIZ GÜNEY TÜRKİSTAN❤️❤️❤️
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  437. Greeks in Cyprus got ruled by non- greeks in most of history😜
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  438. 😂😂😂
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  439. The Turks can be killed, but they can never be conquered. Napoleon in his own words from the French of Jules Bertaut p.44
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  440. While its true that there was some controversy about the origin of the Huns, the consensus after recent decades is that they were Turks of Oghuric affiliation, mostly based on credible studies confirming that the vast majority of attested Hunnic names, as well as all Hunnic successor clans are of evident Oghur Turkic origin. All Hunnic tribes (entirely Oghur Turkic) : Akatziri, Onogurs, Utigurs, Sabirs, Bulgars, Saragurs, Kutrigurs, Barsils Recorded Hunnic names of Turkic origin : Aigan = moon prince; from Turkic aï & can Alp Ilutuer / Ilteber = heroic chieftain; from Turkic alp & iltäbär Althias = six; from Turkic Alti Akkagas = white rock; from Turkic ak & kayač Atakam = elder shaman; from Turkic ata & kam Balach = calf; from Turkic Malaq Berik = strong; from Turkic Berık Basik = governor; from Turkic Bârsiğ Bleda = wise; from Turkic Bildä Bochas = either gullet; from Turkic Boğuz; or bull, from Buqa Dengizich = ocean-like, heavenly; from Turkic teɲez & dêɲri; or, more simply, great lake Donat / Donatu = horse; from Turkic Yonat Edeco = good; from Turkic Ädgü Ellac = to rule; from Turkic el & lä Emmedzur = horse lord; from Turkic Ämäcur Eskam / Esqam = companion of the shaman; from Turkic Eŝkam Hereka / Kreka = pure princess; from Turkic Arïqan Ernakh / Hernac = small man, heroic man; from Turkic Ernäk Iliger = prince man; from Turkic ilig & är Karadach = black mountain; from Turkic Qaradağ Karaton = black cloak; from Turkic Qarâton Kursik = either noble; from Turkic Kürsiğ; or belt-bearer, from Qurŝiq Kutilzis = blessed herald; from Turkic kut & elči Mundzuk = bead; from Turkic Munčuq Oebarsius / Aybars = moon leopard, from Turkic Aïbârs; or dun leopard, from oy & bars Oldogan / Odolgan = either red falcon; from Turkic al & dogan; or chubby, from Tolgun Oktar / Uptar = brave; from Turkic Öctär Ruga / Rua = wise man; from Turkic Ögä Turgun = still/calm; from Turkic Turkun Uldin = six; from Turkic Alti Zolban = shepherd star; from Turkic Čolpan.
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  441. Turkish Lion
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  442. In short, it is hard to think of any other ethnolinguistic entity in history that conquered so vast a territory and founded so many empires and states, also contributing to world civilizations. The history of the Turkic peoples was an important factor in world history for more than a millennium until the emergence of Europe as the world's dominant power. What happened in the Turkic world often affected the history of China, Central Asia, the Middle East, South Asia, and Europe. One may also argue that world history began with the "Turko-Mongol" empire created by Chinggis Khan. In the contemporary world, Turkic-speaking nations form six states (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, and Turkey/Türkiye) and several "autonomous" units in Russia (the republics of Chuvash, Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Altai, Khakassia, Tuva, and Sakha) and China (the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). Turkic peoples also reside as minority groups in several other countries, including Mongolia and Iran, among others. It would therefore be difficult to acquire a comprehensive understanding of world history as well as our present world without studying the history of the Turkic peoples.
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  443. Ukraine Turkey comments incoming :)))
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  444. İstanbul hariç her şeyi göstermişler :D
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  445. Krum was a mere barbarian in instincts, but a great warrior. He had gained great successes over the decrepit Avars, and in 809 turned his attention to the Empire. He surprised a small Roman force near the Strymon, and then 215.
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  446. They were Turkic people in origin and spoke Oghur Turkic just like Tiele, Bulgar, Yueban, Xiongnu, Xionite, Kidarite, Hephthalite etc.
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  447. Based
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  448. Cry
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  449. Atatürk for Turkey
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  450.  @kristiangustafson4130  It was an illusion, of course. One of the most common mistakes made in history. For example, Europeans called Egyptians and Sudanese Arabs. This is of course not true. They saw themselves as Romans, and that's what matters. Also, the Roman Empire was a single state. Being influenced by the Hellenes does not make them a Hellenic state. If you see the late Roman Empire as a Greek state, then you should also see the Tungusic and Mongolic states the Yuan and Qing as a Sinitic states, a mistake no one who can use even a quarter of their brain will make.
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  451. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Eastern Roman Empire.
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  452. In short, it is hard to think of any other ethnolinguistic entity in history that conquered so vast a territory and founded so many empires and states, also contributing to world civilizations. The history of the Turkic peoples was an important factor in world history for more than a millennium until the emergence of Europe as the world's dominant power. What happened in the Turkic world often affected the history of China, Central Asia, the Middle East, South Asia, and Europe. One may also argue that world history began with the "Turko-Mongol" empire created by Chinggis Khan. In the contem- porary world, Turkic-speaking nations form six states (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz- stan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, and Turkey/Türkiye) and several "autonomous" units in Russia (the republics of Chuvash, Tatarstan, Bashkor- tostan, Altai, Khakassia, Tuva, and Sakha) and China (the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). Turkic peoples also reside as minority groups in several other countries, including Mongolia and Iran, among others. It would there- fore be difficult to acquire a comprehensive understanding of world history as well as our present world without studying the history of the Turkic peoples.
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  453. You are right. Tatars are not Tartars but Cumans, Kipchaks and Bulgars.
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  454.  wratch-gd2jq  It was originally Tangra though (Tangra form was used by Oghurs like Bulgars) that’s why we Turks call it Tanrı rather than Tenri.
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  455.  @persianguy1524  There is no nation which so readily adopts foreign customs as the Persians. Thus, they have taken the dress of the Medes, considering it superior to their own; and in war they wear the Egyptian breastplate. As soon as they hear of any luxury, they instantly make it their own: and hence, among other novelties, they have learnt unnatural lust from the Greeks. Each of them has several wives, and a still larger number of concubines. Next to prowess in arms, it is regarded as the greatest proof of manly excellence to be the father of many sons. Every year the king sends rich gifts to the man who can show the largest number: for they hold that number is strength. “HERODOTUS”
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  456. Albanian cringe comments loading…
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  457. Hungolian
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  458. It's now agreed over that the Xiongnu, European Huns, & White Huns were a common Hunnic people whereas their ethno-linguistic affiliation is presumed to be Oghur Turkic Reconstruction of the Turkic Jie language, spoken by the Jie people, a Xiongnu tribal group su-Ø kete-r erkan boklug-gu tukta-ŋ English translation : When/as the army goes out, capture the Boklug (a chief) ! The Hunnic inscription on a dinner plate belonging to the last ruler of the Huns, Dengizich, was identified as Turkic. The Hunnic sample of Khan Diggiz plate ; kinkeg dikkiz ükü essä – kijü sax sax saxynil gür täηrig English translation : Beware of king Dikkiz the Wise's blow ! Retreat to the Tengri (God) beyond the world!
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  459. Kyrgyz people are branch of Turks and they existed in BC 300,so what??
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  460. Alans were their vassals for almost 300 years :)
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  461. Harika içerikler sunuyorsunuz her izlediğimde bambaşka şeyler öğreniyorum
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  462. Arabic is more than one language also not only one
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  463. Support our Turkic bros from Turkiye :)
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  464.  @thebristolbruiser  and Dinosaur Genocide as well
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  465. Sosin Azra Sen kıçından uydursan da uluslararası arenada siklenmezsin Lol Wikipedia Kingdom of Commagene Anatolia in the early 1st century AD with Commagene as a Roman client state The Kingdom of Commagene (Ancient Greek: Βασίλειον τῆς Kομμαγηνῆς; Classical Armenian: Կոմմագէնեայ թագաւորութիւն; transcription: kommagēneay t‘agaworowt‘iwn; Armenian pronunciation: [kommage:neˈa tʰagaworuˈtʰiwn]; Armenian: Կոմմագենեի թագավորություն; Armenian pronunciation: [kommagɛnɛˈi tʰagavorutʰˈjun]) was an ancient Armenian kingdom of the Hellenistic period, located in and around the ancient city of Samosata, which served as its capital. The Iron Age name of Samosata, Kummuh, probably gives its name to Commagene. Commagene has been characterized as a "buffer state" between Armenia, Parthia, Syria, and Rome; culturally, it seems to have been correspondingly mixed. The kings of the Kingdom of Commagene claimed descent from Orontes with Darius I of Persia as their ancestor, by his marriage to Rodogoune, daughter of Artaxerxes II who had a family descent from king Darius I. The territory of Commagene corresponds roughly to the modern Turkish provinces of Adıyaman and northern Antep. Little is known of the region of Commagene prior to the beginning of the 2nd century BC. However, it seems that, from what little evidence remains, Commagene formed part of a larger state that also included the Kingdom of Sophene. This control lasted until c. 163 BC, when the local satrap, Ptolemaeus of Commagene, established himself as independent ruler following the death of the Seleucid king, Antiochus IV Epiphanes. The Kingdom of Commagene maintained its independence until 17 AD, when it was made a Roman province by Emperor Tiberius. It reemerged as an independent kingdom when Antiochus IV of Commagene was reinstated to the throne by order of Caligula, then deprived of it by that same emperor, then restored to it a couple of years later by his successor, Claudius. The re-emergent state lasted until 72 AD, when the Emperor Vespasian finally and definitively made it part of the Roman Empire. Monumental head of the goddess Commagene from Mount Nemrut One of the kingdom's most lasting visible remains is the archaeological site on Mount Nemrut, a sanctuary dedicated by King Antiochus Theos to a number of syncretistic Graeco-Iranian deities as well as to himself and the deified land of Commagene. It is now a World Heritage Site. Information Kingdom of Commagene Βασίλειον τῆς Kομμαγηνῆς 163 BC – 72 AD Map showing Commagene (at left in light pink) in 50 AD; nearby are Armenia, Sophene, Osrhoene, and the Roman and Parthian Empires Map showing Commagene (at left in light pink) in 50 AD; nearby are Armenia, Sophene, Osrhoene, and the Roman and Parthian Empires Capital Samosata Common languages Greek (official), Armenian, Syriac, Persian Government Monarchy King • 163–130 BC Ptolemaeus • 38–72 AD Antiochus IV Historical era Hellenistic Age • Established 163 BC • Disestablished 72 AD Preceded by Succeeded by Kingdom of Sophene Roman Empire Today part of Syria Turkey Cultural identity Antiochus I of Commagene, shaking hands with Herakles. The cultural identity of the Kingdom of Commagene has been variously characterized. Pierre Merlat suggests that the Commagenian city of Doliche, like others in its vicinity, was "half Iranianized and half Hellenized". David M. Lang describes Commagene as "a former Armenian satellite kingdom", while Blömer and Winter call it a "Hellenistic kingdom". Frank McLynn denominates it "a small Hellenised Armenian kingdom in southern Anatolia". While suggesting that a local dialect of Aramaic might have been spoken there, Fergus Millar considers that, "In some parts of the Euphrates region, such as Commagene, nothing approaching an answer to questions about local culture is possible." While the language used on public monuments was typically Greek, Commagene's rulers made no secret of their Persian and Armenian affinities. The kings of Commagene claimed descent from the Orontid Dynasty and would therefore have been related to the family that founded the Kingdom of Armenia; the accuracy of these claims, however, is uncertain. At Antiochus Theos' sanctuary at Mount Nemrut, the king erected monumental statues of deities with mixed Greek and Iranian names, such as Zeus-Oromasdes, while celebrating his own descent from the royal families of Persia and Armenia in a Greek-language inscription. Over the course of the first centuries BC and AD, the names given on a tomb at Sofraz Köy show a mix of "typical Hellenistic dynastic names with an early introduction of Latin personal names." Lang notes the vitality of Graeco-Roman culture in Commagene. While few things about his origins are known with certainty, 2nd-century Attic Greek poet Lucian of Samosata claimed to have been born in the former kingdom of Commagene, in Samosata, and described himself in one satirical work as "an Assyrian". Despite writing well after the Roman conquest, Lucian claimed to be "still barbarous in speech and almost wearing a jacket (kandys) in the Assyrian style"; this has been taken as a possible, but not definitive, allusion to the possibility that his native language was an Aramaic dialect. History Mithras-Helios, in Phrygian cap with solar rays, with Antiochus I of Commagene. (Mt Nemrut, 1st century BC) Commagene was originally a small Syro-Hittite kingdom, located in modern south-central Turkey, with its capital at Samosata (modern Samsat, near the Euphrates). It was first mentioned in Assyrian texts as Kummuhu, which was normally an ally of Assyria, but eventually annexed as a province in 708 BC under Sargon II. The Achaemenid Empire then conquered Commagene in the 6th century BC and Alexander the Great conquered the territory in the 4th century BC. After the breakup of the Empire of Alexander the Great, the region became part of the Hellenistic Seleucids, and Commagene emerged in about 163 BC as a state and province in the Greco-Syrian Seleucid Empire. The Hellenistic kingdom of Commagene, bounded by Cilicia on the west and Cappadocia on the north, arose in 162 BC when its governor, Ptolemy, a satrap of the disintegrating Seleucid Empire, declared himself independent. Ptolemy's dynasty was related to the Parthian kings, but his descendant Mithridates I Callinicus (109 BC–70 BC) embraced Hellenistic culture and married the Syrian Greek Princess Laodice VII Thea. His dynasty could thus claim ties with both Alexander the Great and the Persian kings. This marriage may also have been part of a peace treaty between Commagene and the Seleucid Empire. From this point on, the kingdom of Commagene became more Greek than Persian. With Sophene, it was to serve as an important centre for the transmission of Hellenistic and Roman culture in the region. Details are sketchy, but Mithridates Callinicus is thought have accepted Armenian suzerainty during the reign of Tigranes II the Great. Mithridates and Laodice's son was King Antiochus I Theos of Commagene (reigned 70 –38 BC). Antiochus was an ally of the Roman general Pompey during the latter's campaigns against Mithridates VI of Pontus in 64 BC. Thanks to his diplomatic skills, Antiochus was able to keep Commagene independent from the Romans. In 17 when Antiochus III of Commagene died, Emperor Tiberius annexed Commagene to the province of Syria. According to Josephus, this move was supported by the local nobility but opposed by the mass of the common people, who preferred to remain under their kings as before; Tacitus, on the other hand, states that "most preferred Roman, but others royal rule". In 38 AD, Caligula reinstated Antiochus III's son Antiochus IV and also gave him the wild areas of Cilicia to govern. Antiochus IV was the only client king of Commagene under the Roman Empire. Deposed by Caligula and restored again upon Claudius' accession in 41, Antiochus reigned until 72, when Emperor Vespasian deposed the dynasty and definitively re-annexed the territory to Syria, acting on allegations "that Antiochus was about to revolt from the Romans... reported by the Governor Caesennius Paetus". The Legio VI Ferrata, which Paetus led into Commagene, was not resisted by the populace; a day-long battle with Antiochus' sons Epiphanes and Callinicus ended in a draw, and Antiochus surrendered. The Legio III Gallica would occupy the area by 73 AD. A 1st-century letter in Syriac by Mara Bar Serapion describes refugees fleeing the Romans across the Euphrates and bemoans the Romans' refusal to let the refugees return; this might describe the Roman takeover of either 18 or 72. The descendants of Antiochus IV lived prosperously and in distinction in Anatolia, Greece, Italy, and the Middle East. As a testament to the descendants of Antiochus IV, the citizens of Athens erected a funeral monument in honor of his grandson Philopappos, who was a benefactor of the city, upon his death in 116. Another descendant of Antiochus IV was the historian Gaius Asinius Quadratus, who lived in the 3rd century.
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  466. Atilla GokTurk Göktürkler de kürtmüş hatta Gökkürtmüş ama foşix tece bunu değiştirmiş🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
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  467. Bulgars are Turks and they founded Tengrist Turkic Speaking Khaganates,they have nothing to do with slavic bulgarians :))) but some bulgarians try to steal Turkic Volga Bulgaria,Old Great Bulgaria and First Bulgar Empire :)))
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  468.  @-_--vx5hz  Imperium Romanum from 27 BC to 1453 AD Never Byzantine or Greek Empire
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  469.  @nenenindonu  muhh they were Iranic Mongolic Yeniseic and shiet🫒
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  470. Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus🇹🇷😍
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  471. Love Somalia from Turkey
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  472. The Turks were considered as the best warriors due to their horsemanship and skill in archery. Kaushik Roy., n.d. Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400-1750: Cavalry, Guns, Government and Ships (Bloomsbury Studies in Military History). p.24. While there is much more than this to the Turks, it is true that Turks rank among history's great empire-builders and rulers. Under the Ottomans they conquered vast territories in the Balkans and the Middle East and ruled for six hundred years. Turkey Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments pp.30
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  473. Nur chad-Din Zengi
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  474. Too many greek trolls under the comments lol
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  475. Despite more than five hundred years of Turkish rule, the majority of present-day Bulgarians demonise and reject “non-Bulgarian” – that is, Turkish, Muslim, or Roma – influences in their history and culture. While the Bulgarian government’s harshest policies of ethnic cleansing concluded with the fall of communism, this exclusivist narrative of Bulgarian national history nevertheless continues to discriminate against such communities. Bulgaria, since both its ancient and modern beginnings, has been invariably a multiethnic, mainly Slavic and Turkic, polity. School textbooks in Bulgaria lavish much attention on the ancient Bulgars, who in the Middle Ages founded several Bulgarias from the Volga to Italy, including the surviving one in the Balkans. However, the teaching materials employed in Bulgarian schools prefer to dub these Turkic-speaking Bulgars as “Bulgarians” (or sometimes “Proto-Bulgarians”), so that in Bulgarian vocabulary no distinction is maintained between Turkic Bulgars and Slavophone Bulgarians. In the Bulgarian language the same term “Bulgarians” (Българи Bılgari) is used for referring to these two different ethnic groups, thus suggesting – falsely – full historic and demographic continuity between both. Unsurprisingly after this kind of mis-education, most Bulgarians now see the ancient Bulgars as their “Slavic-speaking ancestors”.
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  476. He is the worst thing that Turkiye suffered
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  477. What comes to mind when I think of Southeast Asia: Pol Pot Vietnam War Muay Thai Fighters
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  478. Afshar Qajar and Safavids are not Persian they were Turk and also Zand dynasty is Lur not persian
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  479.  @shehzadadarashikoh9463  Turks ended Romans, Turks ruled part of India 1000 years and part of China 500 years :)
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  480.  @persianguy1524  🍼🍼🍼
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  481.  @Sinaeb  Just search about history of Armenia and see how many non-Armenian empires ruled Armenian in history.
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  482. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, shaping the history of Balkans, Islamization of Northern India, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
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  483. Turks😍😍😍
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  484. Average Quora User🧢
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  485.  @xNazgrel  Since Roman historians used the word Scythian for all nomads
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  486. Ottoman Bruh Moment😭
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  487. Istanbul becoming Refugee city😢
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  488. The Young Ottoman Razia Sultana is Turkish
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  489. Ülkede iyi bir şey olsa şaşacam zaten son 3 yıldır hiç iyi bir haber duymadık
    12
  490. Was John Hunyadi Cuman?
    12
  491. Ulan sizin kiliselerinizi cami yapmazsam
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  492. Neither Jolly, Nor Woman, Nor a Vampire
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  493. Later in the Middle Ages the Turks arrived , those great warriors and conquerors . The Byzantines lost Asia Minor to them and were unable to prevent them from crossing to Europe . The Ottoman Turks conquered the entire Balkan region to the Danube and even beyond , crowning their successes with the capture of Constantinople in 1453 , an event that stunned the western world . They occupied most of Hungary ; Vienna was under threat . Where would they stop ? The Christian world , both western and Byzantine , had certainly every reason to fear Islam .
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  494. Best empire in world history
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  495. There is no kurd in this map😂😂
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  496. I am waiting for Forgotten Hellenic languages part 3 (Cappadocian and Ancient Macedonian)
    12
  497.  @troigcyusa  Hellenized Anatolian alert*
    12
  498. Diğer Türk devletleri destek verse diyecem ama…
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  499.  @persianguy1524  Persian rule in Iran broadly ended with the Islamic conquest (mid 7th century) resulting with a dominant Arab, Turkic, and Mongol rule whereas only 2 Iranian dynasties, Buyids and Zands, managed to rule Iran Foreign rule in Persia ; Macedonians(Hellen) Seleucids(Hellen) Rashiduns(Arab) Umayyads(Arab) Abbasids(Arab) Ghaznavids(Turk) Seljuks(Turk) Eldiguzids(Turk) Khwarezmids(Turk) Chingissids(Mongol) Ilkhanids(Mongol) Muzaffarids(Arab) Timurids(Turk) Karakoyunlu(Turk) Akkoyunlu(Turk) Safavids(Turk) Afsharids(Turk) Qajars(Turk)
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  500. Northern Cyprus🇹🇷❤️
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  501. The whole of Greece was under foreign rule for many centuries,starting with the Roman conquest in the second century BC. What distinguishes the Ionian Islands from the rest of Greece is that, with some exceptions, they did not form part of the Ottoman Empire, while the rest of the Greek world was under Ottoman rule for anything between two hundred and five hundred years. The fact that these islands were ruled by Catholics rather than Muslims has made them strikingly different from the rest of Greece, in language, music, costume, cuisine and architecture. Hirst, A. and Sammon, P., 2014. The Ionian Islands. p.2.
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  502. 0:29 🇹🇷😎
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  503. Huns,Avars,Bulgars,Cumans,Ottoman Turks,Gagauzes:Turks of Balkans❤️🌝
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  504. They were all Turkified and more than half of grand viziers were ethnic Turks
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  505. I love old history films😅
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  506. TALİBANI DESTEKLEYENDE 1 GRAM BEYİN VAR MI ACABA 😐
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  507. Kazakhstan is actually real successor of Chinggisid Empire since Kazakhs have all tribes who derived from Mongol army (most of those tribes were Turkic).
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  508. Love Algeria from Turkey
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  509. Fun Fact: The legacy of Alexander the Great was also kept by Muslim emperors. Many great Islamic warriors like Nader Shah, Alauddin Khalji and Selim the Grim were known as Sikandar-i Sani which simply means Second/New Alexander .
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  510. The name Mongol appeared first in the eighth-century Chinese records of the Tang dynasty, but only resurfaced in the eleventh century during the rule of the Khitan. At first, it was applied to some small and insignificant nomadic tribes in the area of the Onon River. In the thirteenth century, however, the name Mongol grew into an umbrella term for a large group of Mongolic and Turkic tribes united under the rule of Genghis Khan. It is not clear what the Mongols called themselves in their own languages. In fact, the specific origin of the Mongolic languages is unclear. Some linguists have proposed a link to languages like Tungusic and Turkic, which are often included alongside Mongolic in a hypothetical language group called “Altaic languages”, but the evidence for this is rather weak.
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  511. Long live Türkiye❤❤❤
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  512. Türk dediğin Müslüman olur yaw yeğanım🐸
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  513. ANGLO SAXONS + CELTS = ENGLAND
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  514. Atilla GokTurk kürtler Abbasilerin,Buveyhilerin,Bizansın baskısı altında yaşıyordu🤣🤣🤣
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  515. Atilla GokTurk Emperor Tigerstarın history of kurds diye videosu var izle ne kadar komedi olduğunu gör 850 yılında küçük bir emirlikle başlıyor🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣 Eyyubiler hariç de hiç güçlü devlet yok kürt tarihi özerk şehir emirliklerinden ibaret😂😂😂😂
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  516. Balkan history is always interesting
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  517. Make Battle of Çirmen and Battle of Sırpsındığı
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  518. Nikov is the first Bulgarian historian to pay special attention to, and attri bute great significance to, the Turkic components in the Bulgarian ethnogen esis (i.e., after the Bulgars) and among the ruling aristocracy. He elaborated on the issue of the "Turkic element's" influence upon Bulgarian history in a 1928 unpublished manuscript (delivered as a public lecture). Nikov began with the following policy-setting statement: There is no period in our history on which the Turkic element did not exert its strongest influence and did not leave the deepest traces in the development of our people. [...] None of the Balkan peoples has experi enced the Turkic influence so strongly as our people, The Turkic pressure began from Central Asia and had two directions to the northwest through southern Russia, and to the southwest through Persia and Asia Minor. The Bulgarian state was founded due to one of the Turkic peoples, the Bulgars, who themselves joined a number of Turkic tribal alliances (of Huns, Kutrigurs, Utigurs, Avars, and Khazars). During Byzantine rule, the Turkic Pechenegs and Uz came from the north; many of them crossed the Danube and were assimilated by the Bulgarian people. Then came the Cumans, without whose decisive help the uprising of Asenevtsi would hardly have succeeded. Thus, just as the First Bulgarian Kingdom was founded with the help of the Turkic Bulgars, the Second Kingdom was founded with "the decisive collabora tion of the Turkic Cumans."129 Not only did Cumans settle south of the Danube and become assimilated and absorbed by the Slavic-Bulgarian people, but they were also of great significance politically in the Second Kingdom, whose dynas ties all had Cuman blood in them. There were also many Bulgarian boyars of Cuman origin, including Balic in Dobrudzha. It could even be said that the Cumans acquired a dominant position in the political life of the state. 130 There followed the influence of the Mongol Tartars, who even supplied one Bulgarian king, Chaka. But of greatest importance were the Ottoman and Seljuk Turks, who conquered the Balkans from Asia Minor. Concerning the Cumans, Nikov considers the "transfusion of blood" from Turkic "elements" an asset, a means of rejuvenating and strengthening the "race" and enhancing the vitality of the Bulgarian people (in contrast with the conquering Turks).
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  519. Another important reason for the success of the Turks was their superior military technology and art of war. These nomads from the steppes could be credited with introducing the age of the horse'. The Turks used iron stirrup and horse- shoes that reinforced their striking power and the stamina of the cavalry, while horse- shoes provided greater mobility to the horse, stirrup gave the soldiers a distinct advantage.
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  520. The Achaemenids and Sassanids got destroyed by a Hellenic and Arabic tribe respectively Parthians had their capital countless times sacked by Romans and post Islamic Persia was basically a playground for Arabs, Turks, and Mongols as we all know
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  521. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
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  522. Tf is Qing and Russian Empire being A tier and not S 🐰
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  523. There are many mistakes in this video 😐
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  524. Turkic people are one of the ethnicities that have changed the world the most in the last 1000 years.
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  525. There are much Anti-Turkism in the comment section😅 what an inferiority complex
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  526. ☕️
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  527. Viking Pride Atatürk is Balkan Turk so he establised a Turkish country not an albanian country Put this in your small brain my brutthurted kurdogypsy kid
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  528. The word byzantine didn’t even exist in any single historical document like Caliphate and Ottoman sources
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  529. The greatest success of the Turks, their history as administrators,has been little appreciated in the West. For six hundred years the Ottoman Empire ruled successfully over a great land, an imperial record that can stand with that of Romans. The Ottomans created an empire of unique toleration, where many peoples and religions kept their own traditions at a time when religious persecution was the rule elsewhere. It was an empire of laws, held together by rules as much as by the personality of the sultan. It is no accident that the great sultan Süleyman, known to the West as The Magnificent, was known to the Turks as The Lawgiver, asign of his and the Empire's true success. If the achievements of the Turks in politics and law are littleknown in America, those in the humanities are even less so. Yet Turkish music, art, architecture, and poetry were the crowning glories, coming as they do from a different cultural tradition. The beauty of Turkish poetry may only be fully appreciated in Turkish and Turkish classical music may not perfectly match whatis expected by Western ears, but the beauty of Turkish art caneasily be seen. The grace of Turkish calligraphy, the colors of Turkish miniature paintings, and the geometric forms of Turkishporcelain tiles are known to be high art by anyone who has seenthem. The great mosques of Istanbul, especially Sinan's Süleymaniye Mosque, rival any buildings in the world. The accomplishments of modern Turkey have been in a different context. The task of the modern Turks was to create a democratic,independent society. In a time of imperialism, Turkey was oneof the few nations to keep its independence, despite great odds against it. Turkey was almost unique outside of Western Europeand North America in its sustained drive to gain democracy. Firs tnoted under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk for its campaign to educateand develop its people to live in the modern world. Turkey now is an economic success and a multiparty democracy. It is one of the few countries of its region that have significantly raised itself up economically, without oil revenues to depend on. Muchremains to be done, but the success is notable. Today, Turkey is a bridge between the Middle East and the West,as well as a bridge between the West and the newly freed lands of Central Asia. It is a state whose people are overwhelmingly Muslim, yet also a state that is thoroughly secular in its lawsand government. The great tradition of Islam is not forgotten,nor is the tradition of western philosophy, government, and technology.
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  530. Least crowded Chinese army:
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  531. Modu had also subjected an equally large empire of China to the payment of tribute. Modu was in many ways Alexander«s equal, maybe even superior when it comes to the extent of his conquests. The two rulers were also similar in that they were both suspected of having assassinated their fathers (Touman and Philip) in order to seize the throne. Modu, however, was clearly the more competent politician and administrator of the two.
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  532. 😍😍😍
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  533. Israel from Turkey
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  534. In short, it is hard to think of any other ethnolinguistic entity in history that conquered so vast a territory and founded so many empires and states, also contributing to world civilizations. The history of the Turkic peoples was an important factor in world history for more than a millennium until the emergence of Europe as the world's dominant power. What happened in the Turkic world often affected the history of China, Central Asia, the Middle East, South Asia, and Europe. One may also argue that world history began with the "Turko-Mongol" empire created by Chinggis Khan. In the contemporary world, Turkic-speaking nations form six states (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, and Turkey/Türkiye) and several "autonomous" units in Russia (the republics of Chuvash, Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Altai, Khakassia, Tuva, and Sakha) and China (the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). Turkic peoples also reside as minority groups in several other countries, including Mongolia and Iran, among others. It would therefore be difficult to acquire a comprehensive understanding of world history as well as our present world without studying the history of the Turkic peoples.
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  535. CeHaPe JamÜlErİ bOmbAlıYoOoR
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  536. Emperyalizm 🤮
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  537. Another important reason for the success of the Turks was their superior military technology and art of war . These nomads from the Steppes could be credited with introducing ' the age of the horse .
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  538. Romanovs made Russia hyperpower empire and made everybody cry except Russians.
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  539. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, shaping the history of Balkans, Islamization of Northern India, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
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  540. Persianized Seleucids doesn’t make any sense at all, they were clearly a Hellenic empire
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  541. Northern Cyprus Turkic Republic🥰
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  542. Love Kosovo from Turkiye❤
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  543.  @ixi78-l3r  Arabs, Greeks and Persians never ruled Turks. And army of Mongol Empire was already predominantly Turkic. In addition Turkic peoples ruled part of Slavic peoples for 1500 years.
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  544. Ethnogenesis of the Turkic peoples. Languages, peoples, migrations, customs. Andrey Tikhomirov, 2020 "The Turkic peoples are formed on a vast space in the Altai Mountains. In the process of development of Turkic peoples – their carriers, dialects and languages were formed, characterized by similarities – as a result of the unity of their origin and by differences, which are explained by the collapse of the common base language into dialects, and then into separate languages and groups of languages."
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  545. AZERBAIJAN FROM TURKEY BROTHERS❤️❤️❤️
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  546. The history of the Gaoju is given in the respective entry in WS 103 + (pp. 2505-2508); until the beginning of Text 1.056/B it is extracted as follows. 高車,蓋古赤狄之餘種也初號為狄歷,北方以為敕勒,諸夏以為高車、丁零。 其語略與匈奴同而時有小異,或云其先匈奴之也。 The Gaoju are probably the remaining tribes of the ancient Chidi [lit. 'the red Di']. Initially they were called Dili. People in the north called them Chile, whereas people in China proper called them Gaoju or Dingling. Their language is roughly the same as that of the Xiongnu but at times has minor differences from that. Some say that their ancestors were the nephew of [i.e. indirectly related to] the Xiongnu. Note:Gaoju means Tiele, one of the oldest ancient Turkic tribes.
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  547. The ancestors of the Indo-Turkic people migrated to South Asia at the time of the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire. The Delhi Sultanate is a term used to cover five short-lived, Delhi-based kingdoms three of which were of Turkic origin in medieval India. These Turkic dynasties were the White Huns, Ghaznavids, Delhi Sultanate, Mamluk dynasty (Delhi), Khalji dynasty, Tughlaq dynasty, Bengal Sultanate, Adil Shahi dynasty, Bidar Sultanate, Qutb Shahi dynasty, Timurids, Deccan sultanates, Mughal Empire, Oudh State, Nawabs of Bengal and Murshidabad, Hyderabad State, Khanate of Kalat, Makran (princely state), Banganapalle State, Amb (princely state), Chitral (princely state), Phulra, Hunza (princely state), Nagar (princely state), Carnatic Sultanate. Southern India also saw many Turkic origin dynasties like the Bahmani Sultanate, the Adil Shahi dynasty, the Bidar Sultanate, and the Qutb Shahi dynasty, collectively known as the Deccan sultanates. The Mughal Empire was a Turkic-founded Indian empire that, at its greatest territorial extent, ruled most of the South Asia, including Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and parts of Uzbekistan from the early 16th to the early 18th centuries. The Mughal dynasty was founded by a Chagatai Turkic prince named Babur (reigned 1526–30), who was descended from the Turkic conqueror Timur (Tamerlane) on his father's side and from Chagatai, second son of the Mongol ruler Genghis Khan, on his mother's side.Mughals who have Turkic ancestry live in the Indian subcontinent in significant numbers. Karlugh Turks are also found in the Haraza region and in smaller number in Azad Kashmir region of Pakistan. Small number of Uyghurs are also present in India. Many Turks also live in Hyderabad known as Deccani Muslims they have Arab, Afghan, Persian, and Turkic ancestries in addition to having the local dravidian heritage. There is also a significant population an Warriors Status used by Turkic descendants known as Rowther, who are mostly found in Southern India.[1]
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  548. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
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  549. Some kids are saying Turks didn’t exist before Göktürks🤣🤣🤣 But even Kyrgyz Turks existed in BC 200 and Bulgar Turks existed in 200 AD and both spoke TURKIC Lir and Shaz Turkic
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  550. He would never be forgotten
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  551. Waiting for History of India Part 2👀
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  552. 😢
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  553. Genghis Khan is described as endowed with the highest intellect and a superhuman willpower , which enabled him to unite heterogeneous Turkic and Mongolian tribes into a single whole .
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  554. Love Bulgolia and Hungolia from Turgolia❤
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  555.  @persianguy1524  Sasanians were likely Persianized Elamites
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  556.  @persianguy1524  The fact that formerly Iranian inhabited regions like Azerbaijan and much of modern Central Asia have become Turkic populated lands now says a lot about who dominated whom
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  557.  @persianguy1524  1)language : how can Persians have civilization when they didn't have language? Old Persian is derived from Akkadian language and alphabet, and the official language of the Achaemenids was Aramic because Persian language is so underdeveloped to be used as a official language. Middle Persian is also from the Hetran arabic 2) Calander: the Later Avestan calendar, which might have been introduced on 27 March 503 B.C.E., is based on the much older Egyptian calendar, in use by the beginning of the third millennium. Both calendar systems operate within an invariable year of 365 days subdivided into twelve months of thirty days, plus five epagomenal days at the end of the year. Moreover, the first month of the Later Avestan calendar (Farvardīn) coincided at all times with the fourth month of the Egyptian calendar (Khoyak). Thus, the close connection between the two calendar systems seems firmly established (for a detailed discussion see Hartner, pp. 764-72) 3) Architecture: I think it is obviously clear that the Achmanid architecture is inspired by Mesopotamian one, or more likely copy paste. The architecture is clearly Mesopotamian and the cities of the Persian empire were built by Mesopotamian architects, not only Mesopotamian but Egyptians too!!! A ccording to the building inscription of Darius I from Susa, Egyptian architects and workmen took part in the building of Darius’ palace at Persepolis and worked the gold from Sardis and Bactria (DSf 35-37, 49-51 [Kent, Old Persian, p. 143]). The famous headless statue of Darius found at Susa, which is clearly Egyptian in style, should not be considered a “Persian” statue, though (Kervran et al.; Stronach; Porada, pp. 816-18; Calmeyer, p. 296 with a synoptic summary of Egyptian and Persian elements on the statue). Rather, it is a product of Egyptian workmanship which was imported into Persia (Helck, p. 867 n. 13). The wording of the Old Persian inscription on the statue’s base leaves no doubt that the order for its making had been given by Darius (to Egyptian artists) while he was in Egypt (for the possible time of Darius’ stay in Egypt see Hinz and contra Tuplin, pp. 247-56; Calmeyer, p. 286 Anm. 1). Works like the Apadāna reliefs in Persepolis, where the monumental size of the king’s figure as well as the shape of the blossoms in the flowers held by the king and crown prince, are influenced by Egyptian traditions (Porada, p. 819). 4) Religion: Babylonian influence on the religious thought and the actual practices of worship in ancient Iran proved fertile in the meeting between the Iranian Magi and the Chaldeans, especially in Achaemenid Babylonia. References to this meeting are to be found in classical Greek and Latin sources (see G. Messina, Der Ursprung der Magier und die zarathuštrische Religion, Rome, 1930, pp. 48ff.; J. Bidez and F. Cumont, Les Mages hellénisés, Paris, 1938, I, pp. 34ff.) and an analysis of all the available sources enables us to reconstruct a fairly exhaustive picture of the influence of Mesopotamian religious thought on the doctrines of the Magi (see M. Boyce, op. cit., pp. 28ff., 66ff., 196ff., 201ff.). The three great Iranian divinities Ahura Mazdā, Miθra, and Anāhitā appear in Achaemenid inscriptions starting from the reign of Artaxerxes II (404-359 B.C.). As regards Anāhitā, we know from Berossus, quoted by Clement of Alexandria (C. Clemen, Fontes historiae religionis persicae, Bonn, 1920, p. 67), that it was Artaxerxes II himself who ordered images of Aphrodite Anaitis to be set up throughout his vast territories—in Babylon, Susa, Ecbatana, Persepolis, Bactra, Damascus, and Sardis—and who spread the worship of his new goddess. According to Herodotus (1.131) it was the “Assyrian” and “Arabian” influence which was supposed to have led to the spreading of the cult of Aphrodite Urania among the Persians. All this evidence points to Mesopotamian influence on the cult of Anāhitā, and it is probable that the Assyrian Ištar and the Elamite Nanā were forerunners of the Iranian goddess (cf. G. Gnoli, “Politica religiosa,” pp. 31ff.) Btw most of these are from Iranica so it is Iranian web page not some anti Iranian thing
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  558.  @persianguy1524  Safavid Turks sold your ancestors as slaves to Central asian khanates🤣 Indian slaves were also sold in Bukhara and Astrakhan. At the same time, the Safavid Iranians were also sold as slaves, in particular after wars between the Uzbeks and Safavids. Enslavement of Iranians lasted until the mid-nineteenth century, when Russian and British sources spoke of some 10,000 Iranian slaves in Khiva and over 100,000 slaves in the Khivan, Bukharan and Turkmen territories.82 In the eighteenth century, at the markets of Bukhara, Khiva and After Oriental Despotism: Eurasian Growth in a Global Perspective pp.77 As a whole, we can estimate that there were about 200,000 Indian slaves in Bukhara, to which we may add other 200,000 Iranian slaves. After Oriental Despotism: Eurasian Growth in a Global Perspective pp.90
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  559. The ruling dynasty of Bulgaria was great at that time
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  560. Baibars the Cuman😍😍😍😍😍
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  561. Çekoslovakyalılaştıramadıklarımızdanmışsınız.
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  562. Hollandalılar laleleri ala ala bize bırakmadılar 😐
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  563. Long live Turkic peoples and Countries😍😍😍😍😍
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  564. What about Old Turkic, Khitan and Mongolian hairstyles👀
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  565. Vikings did not called themselves as Germanic so they are not germanic according to your logic😂😂
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  566. In the case of Early Pre-Proto-Mongolic, certain loanwords in the Mongolic languages point to early contact with Oghur (Pre-Proto-Bulgaric) Turkic, also known as r-Turkic. These loanwords precede Common Turkic (z-Turkic) loanwords and include: • Mongolic ikere (twins) from Pre-Proto-Bulgaric ikir (versus Common Turkic ekiz) • Mongolic hüker (ox) from Pre-Proto-Bulgaric hekür (Common Turkic öküz) • Mongolic jer (weapon) from Pre-Proto-Bulgaric jer (Common Turkic yäz) • Mongolic biragu (calf) versus Common Turkic buzagu • Mongolic siri- (to smelt ore) versus Common Turkic siz- (to melt) The above words are thought to have been borrowed from Oghur Turkic during the time of the Xiongnu. Later Turkic peoples in Mongolia all spoke forms of Common Turkic (z-Turkic) as opposed to Oghur (Bulgharic) Turkic, which withdrew to the west in the 4th century. The Chuvash language, spoken by 1 million people in European Russia, is the only living representative of Oghur Turkic which split from Proto Turkic around the 1st century AD. Words in Mongolic like dayir (brown, Common Turkic yagiz) and nidurga (fist, Common Turkic yudruk) with initial *d and *n versus Common Turkic *y are sufficiently archaic to indicate loans from an earlier stage of Oghur (Pre-Proto-Bulgaric). This is because Chuvash and Common Turkic do not differ in these features despite differing fundamentally in rhotacism-lambdacism (Janhunen 2006). Oghur tribes lived in the Mongolian borderlands before the 5th century, and provided Oghur loanwords to Early Pre-Proto-Mongolic before Common Turkic loanwords. Golden 2011, p. 31. Before the rise of Genghis Khan Mongolic was spreading at westward and absorbing Turkic speakers (Janhunen, 2008). During the Mongol expansion, Turkic speakers whose tribes and states had been incorporated into the Mongol empire were so much more numerous than Mongols that, although Mongolian was the language of command, it was Turkic rather than Mongolic speech that was chiefly spread across Central Asia and the central and western steppe. Antonio Benítez-Burraco, ‎Steven Moran 2018 p.92 The period of Bulghar Turkic influence on Mongolic seems to have lasted until the fourth century, when the Bulghar Turks withdrew to the west. In Southern Siberia, a few cen- turies without Turkic speakers followed, but most of Mongolia was rapidly covered by a population speaking an early form of Common Turkic, the direct ancestor of Old Turkic and all the modern Turkic languages with the exception of Chuvash. Since the Turkic empires of the Türk and Uighur were for most of the time politically superior to the con- temporary linguistic ancestors of the Mongols, Mongolic (Pre-Proto-Mongolic) bor- rowed a layer of Common Turkic elements that can be distinguished by the absence of the specifically Bulgharic features characteristic of the earlier loanwords. The Mongolic Languages Juha Janhunen 2003
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  567. Erdoğan gelsin
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  568.  @EzraBenKhazar  Magyars were also vassals
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  569. Baibars the Cuman😍😍😍
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  570. Why Turkey and Albania?
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  571. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, shaping the history of Balkans, Islamization of Northern India, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
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  572. King Levon VI Lusignan Ak Koyunlu Qara Qoyunlu Safavid Afshar Qajar
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  573. Uzbek-Uyghur also. Both are Chagatai dialects.
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  574. Chad Carthage vs Virgin Rome
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  575. NADİR ŞAH 😍😍😍😍😻😻😻😻
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  576. Fyrom is Bulgaria comments incoming...
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  577. In short, it is hard to think of any other ethnolinguistic entity in history that conquered so vast a territory and founded so many empires and states, also contributing to world civilizations. The history of the Turkic peoples was an important factor in world history for more than a millennium until the emergence of Europe as the world's dominant power. What happened in the Turkic world often affected the history of China, Central Asia, the Middle East, South Asia, and Europe. One may also argue that world history began with the "Turko-Mongol" empire created by Chinggis Khan. In the contemporary world, Turkic-speaking nations form six states (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, and Turkey/Türkiye) and several "autonomous" units in Russia (the republics of Chuvash, Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Altai, Khakassia, Tuva, and Sakha) and China (the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). Turkic peoples also reside as minority groups in several other countries, including Mongolia and Iran, among others. It would therefore be difficult to acquire a comprehensive understanding of world history as well as our present world without studying the history of the Turkic peoples.
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  578. Atilla GokTurk kürtçe yazılı kadim tarihte 500yıl öncesi olmayan bir dildir ilk kendi dilinde eserleri(mem u zin) sadece 330 yıllıktır🤣🤣🤣
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  579. There were no any strong Persian state after Sassanids
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  580. Crying Venetian noises😪
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  581. Love Bosnia from Turkia ❤
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  582. Krum Khan (also known as Krum the Fearsome) was a military chieftain from Pannonia who became one of the greatest rulers of Bulgaria. During his reign, he unified the Bulgars and fought a successful war against the Byzantine Empire. Krum's defeat of the Avars early in his rule enabled him to unite the Bulgars who had lived under Avar rule. With the defeat of the Avars, Bulgars replaced them as overlords of the Slavs and Romanians living north of the Danube River. After the Byzantines raided Bulgaria in 807, Krum's troops struck back. In 811, the Byzantine emperor, Nikephoros I, personally led a large army against the Bulgars. He succeeded in sacking Krum's capital of Pliska, but on his way home the Bulgars ambushed and destroyed his army and killed Nikephoros. The Bulgars made his skull into a gruesome drink- ing cup. Krum followed his victory by capturing two important Byzantine ports on the Black Sea. In 813, after he had defeated the large army the Byzantines sent against him, Krum captured Thrace and invaded the area surrounding Constantinople. He sent many Byzantine subjects to Bulgaria to serve as soldiers in his army. In 814, as commander of a massive army, Krum marched on Constantinople. He never arrived, dying of a stroke on the way. In his dealings with the Byzantine rulers, Krum resorted to military force only after diplomacy failed. For example, throughout his campaign against Nikephoros, he extended several peace offers, which the emperor ignored. Throughout 812 and 813, he attempted to negotiate with the Byzantines. Only after his gestures were rejected did he launch his attacks. Krum was not only a great warrior but an effective administrator as well. He issued the first national law code in the history of the Bulgarian state, a fragment of which has survived. He tolerated other ethnic groups and employed a diverse group of people-Bulgars, Avars, Slavs, Greeks, and even an Arab-in his administration. In the Byzantine territories, he placed Greeks in high administrative positions.
    11
  583. They should capture South Azerbaijan too
    11
  584.  @Letnistonwandif  Your ancestors got ruled by Germanic, Semitic, Amazigh peoples and Romans for 2000+ years :-)))
    11
  585. Result: Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus🙃
    11
  586. Chad Rashidin Empire !
    11
  587. Crying Indigenous peoples noises
    11
  588. Long live Turkey❤
    11
  589. Berbers hmmmm
    10
  590. Khanty are cousins of Hungolians😎
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  591. According to É. Á. Csató et al.,[33]A specific Turkic language was attested in Safavid Persia during the16th and 17th centuries, a language that Europeans often calledPersian Turkish ("Turc Agemi", "lingua turcica agemica"), whichwas a favourite language at the court and in the army because of the Turkic origins of the Safavid dynasty.
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  592.  Letnistonwandif source your as
    10
  593. Ottoman Emperors 😍
    10
  594. The ancient Hellenes were conquered by the Romans . Emperor Justinian destroyed the last vestiges of Hellenic civilisation , and state Christianity created a new civilisation on the ruins of the old . Koliopoulos, G. and Veremēs, T., 2007. Greece: the modern sequel. London: Hurst & Company, p.242. Hellenes as they were called, were persecuted by the enforcement of these general rules; Justinian endeavored, above all things, to deprive them of education, and he had the University of Athens closed in 529; at the same time ordering wholesale conversations. The Cambridge Medieval History volumes 1-5 by John Bagnell Bury, Paul Dalen (Goodreads Author) (Editor) And there is also evidence that the word 'Hellene' now meant 'pagan', and Justinian did conduct persecutions of Hellenes. The world of Classics in the sixth century was not entirely rosy. Scott, R., n.d. Byzantine chronicles and the sixth century And there is also evidence that the word 'Hellene' now meant 'pagan', and Justinian did conduct persecutions of Hellenes. Scott, R., n.d. Byzantine chronicles and the sixth century.
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  595. Nadir Şah videosu yapar mısınız 🌝
    10
  596. Austria was probably Proto-Celtic homeland but now German. Sad Celtic noises
    10
  597. Timur was proud to call himself a Turk and hated the appellation “ Mongol ” even for his pre - Islamic ancestors . In fact , the Mongols who had migrated to newly occupied countries in the time of Chengiz Khan , integrated with the ...
    10
  598. Offf hep bize gelecekler o göçmenler 🤦‍♂️
    10
  599. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷 Best Warriors in the World :-)
    10
  600. I love reading hate speechs and copiums against Turks😅
    10
  601. Israel from Turkey
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  602. Cyprus is Turkey
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  603. Haz de Necaz French Empire??😂😂🤣🤣🤣
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  604. Another important reason for the success of the Turks was their superior military technology and art of war . These nomads from the Steppes could be credited with introducing ' the age of the horse .
    10
  605. #FREEUYGHURS #FREEINNERMONGOLIA #FREEMANCHURIA #FREETIBET
    10
  606. FREE XINJIANG FREE TIBET FREE MANCHURIA FREE TAIWAN FREE HONG KONG FREE INNER MONGOLIA
    10
  607. Skull Tower (Serbian Cyrillic: Ћеле кула, romanized: Ćele kula, pronounced [tɕel̩e kula]) is a stone structure embedded with human skulls located in Niš, Serbia. It was constructed by the Ottoman Empire following the Battle of Čegar of May 1809, during the First Serbian Uprising. During the battle, Serbian rebels under the command of Stevan Sinđelić were surrounded by the Ottomans on Čegar Hill, near Niš. Knowing that he and his fighters would be impaled if captured, Sinđelić detonated a powder magazine within the rebel entrenchment, killing himself, his subordinates and the encroaching Ottoman soldiers. The governor of the Rumelia Eyalet, Hurshid Pasha, ordered that a tower be made from the skulls of the fallen rebels. The tower is 4.5 metres (15 ft) high, and originally contained 952 skulls embedded on four sides in 14 rows.
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  608. Ottoman😍
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  609. Balkan history be like…
    10
  610. Roman Empire from 27 BC to 1453 AD never byzantine
    10
  611. Tungusic vs Germanic 👁️👄👁️
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  612.  @nenenindonu  But anyway they are all Turkic, so same people not different only their nation got changed
    10
  613.  @ixi78-l3r  part of China was under the rule of Turkic states for 1500 years
    10
  614. 🐵🐵🐵
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  615. The Turks have constantly been an imperial people. They have made a habit of empire building, and although none of their structures have attained the imposing dimensions of the Mongol achievement, many of them have been far more lasting. The maps show at least a dozen states of the first rank which have been constructed by Turkish peoples, and another dozen built by Turkish leaders, sometimes by themselves, sometimes with the assistance of a military aristocracy of their own race.
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  616. Yapanlar bulunursa halk devlete bırakmadan onları idam etmeli
    10
  617. Cringe masks
    10
  618. I think Bahrids, Fatimids and Khedivates were the most powerful empires which established in Africa.
    10
  619. Love and Support Azerbaijan from Türkiye❤
    10
  620. Xiongnu=Turkish Empire
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  621. Kosovo is Mongolia
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  622. In his letter to Sultan Tuman-Bay of Egypt, Selim wrote that he intended to become the ruler of the East and of the West, like Alexander the Great. Selim's first two years on the throne were spent in the elimination of all members of the Ottoman dynasty who could advance a claim to the throne. Then he entered into peace- negotiations with his European neighbours, and in particular with Hungary, in order to have his hands free in the East.
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  623. Turks found more than 50 empires in last 1000 years❤❤❤❤❤
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  624. The European Huns, who originated from the Xiongnu Empire, are known to have spoken primarily a Turkic language, more specifically Oghuric Turkic. 12 However, this may be due to the heavy concentration of Turkic peoples in the areas that the Huns inhabited immediately before their major expansions into Europe and Central Asia. Chinese historical source, the Weilue (= Sanguozhi 30.863-4), confirms that the Dingling (an ancient Turkic people) were the main inhabitants of what is now the Kazakh steppes by the 3rd century ce. Kim, H. The Xiongnu. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History. The various Oghurs (Utigurs and Kutrigurs) and the Bulgars, who are mentioned in our sources after the so-called 'total disappearance' of the Huns, as noted earlier, are likely to have been either the same people or at least members of the same, related political entity. Kim, H. (2013). The later Huns and the birth of Europe. In The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe (pp. 137-155). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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  625. Pedro Pascal This is true bro But kurds says <commagene empire is kurd and we are native> Commagene empire is armenian
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  626. Happy Albanian noises
    10
  627. Ahmad Ibn Fadlan,Mahmud of Kashgari(Divanu Lugatit Türk),Khazar King Joseph and many others called bulgars as turks
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  628. En az 20 tane Moğollaşmış Türk boyu var bir tanesini bulmuşsunuz :) Diğerlerini de bekleriz
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  629. Avfî’nin Cami' el-hikâyât eserinde ise Kırgız kabilesini anlatırken batısında Halluhların bulunduğunu belirtir. Türklerin bir topluluğu olan Halluhlar Barlas dağının sakinleridir.
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  630. Love Poland from Turkey
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  631. Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
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  632. Long live Turkic peoples and Countries FOREVER❤❤❤
    10
  633.  @persianguy1524  Iranians are simply Indo-Iranized Elamites and Kassites not even Iranic peoples. Proto-Iranic people have more common with Lithuanians than Iranians🙂
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  634.  @persianguy1524  The Indo-Iranic population contributed 10-20% to the DNA of modern Western Iranians, who are otherwise mostly descended from the ancient native farmers of the region, exhibiting around 70% genetic continuity since the Chalcolithic Age (4500 BC). VERY IRANIC🤲🏿🤲🏿🤲🏿
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  635. Civilized Europeans(!)
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  636. Turcopoles🌝
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  637. From the sixteenth to the twentieth centuries most Arabs-all of them, really, except in parts of Arabia and Morocco-belonged to the Ottoman Empire. Even in periods of Ottoman weakness, the local officials and landlords were usually Turks, Circassians, or other non-Arabs. Since World War I, Arab nationalists and their sympathizers have denounced the horrors of Ottoman rule, blaming the Turks for the Arabs' backwardness, political ineptitude, disunity, or whatever else was amiss in their society. What went wrong? Were the Arabs under Ottoman rule better or worse off than they had been earlier? In fact, the Arabs' decline cannot be blamed on Istanbul. You can even argue that early Ottoman rule benefited the Arabs by promoting local security and trade between their merchants and those of Anatolia and the Balkans. If the eighteenth-century Ottoman decline and overly zealous nineteenth-century reforms hurt the Arabs, the Turks within the empire suffered too. If Ottoman rule was so oppressive, why did the Arabs not rebel? Well, at times they did. We have mentioned the Wahhabi revolt in eighteenth century Arabia, but that group wanted to purify Islam, not create an Arab state. Some peasant and military revolts broke out in Egypt, but for economic rather than national reasons. Some historians find an anti-Ottoman angle in the policies of Mehmet 'Ali and Ibrahim. The latter, as governor of Syria, supposedly said, "I am not a Turk. I came to Eg as a child, and since that time, the sun of Egypt has changed my blood and made it all Arab." But Mehmet Ali and his heirs spoke Turkish, thought they belonged to the Ottoman ruling class, and treated Egyptians like servants. 'Urabi's name implied an Arab identity, and he did oppose Turkish and Circassian officers in the Egyptian army, but his revolution was an Egyptian one directed mainly against the Anglo-French Dual Control. Uprisings in Syria were frequent, but their cause was usually religious. Tribes in Iraq and the Hijaz often revolted against Ottoman governors, but over local-not national-grievances. Most historians, therefore, have concluded that Arab identity played no great part in Middle East politics up to the twentieth century. Muslim Arabs feared that any attempt to weaken the Ottoman Empire would hurt Islam. Even under Sultan Abdulhamid, despite his faults, most Arabs went on upholding the status quo. Many served in the army or civil administration. A few were prominent advisers. They might have been proud of belonging to the same "race" as Muhammad, but this did not inspire them to rebel against the Turks, who were Muslims too.
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  638. From Elamites to Mullahs
    10
  639. Love Uzbekistan from Turkiye❤
    10
  640. İndira gandhi😂
    10
  641. Love both from Turkey
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  642. Make video about Hayreddin Barbarossa pls
    10
  643. Arap gibi göstermeseler şaşardım zaten 😐
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  644. But you missed the most important ones… Turkic empires 🙃
    10
  645. Roman fire ship not greek
    10
  646. It was union of 999 mini duchies😂
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  647. Greatest history in the world❤
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  648. +
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  649. He already made many videos about Ottoman Empire
    10
  650. Happy Central Asian noises Happy Caucasian noises Happy Eastern European noises Sad Russian noises
    10
  651. You can only find some Pan-Kurd linguists😂
    10
  652. Atilla GokTurk kürt sayfasını kaynak olarak göstermiş🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
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  653. Atilla GokTurk Egede ve Marmarada herhangi bir yerli kürt bulunmamaktadır,iç anadolunun da sadece %3-5i kürttür Ama kürde göre %50🤣🤣🤣🤣
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  654.  @-_--vx5hz  Romans were not Latins or Greeks🤣 Latin and Greek were their languages not ethnicity or identity
    10
  655.  @Fahfnir  becoming refugees becoming refugees becoming refugees becoming refugees becoming refugees becoming refugees becoming refugees
    10
  656. TURKIC UNION❤❤❤
    10
  657. Afganları suriyelileri alacağımıza uygurları alsaydık keşke :/
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  658. Later in the Middle Ages the Turks arrived , those great warriors and conquerors . The Byzantines lost Asia Minor to them and were unable to prevent them from crossing to Europe . The Ottoman Turks conquered the entire Balkan region to the Danube and even beyond , crowning their successes with the capture of Constantinople in 1453 , an event that stunned the western world . They occupied most of Hungary ; Vienna was under threat . Where would they stop ? The Christian world , both western and Byzantine , had certainly every reason to fear Islam .
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  659. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
    9
  660. Love Indonasia from Turkia❤
    9
  661. Sad Turk noises 🫥🫥🫥
    9
  662. Vlchadimir Lenin
    9
  663. 😍😍😍
    9
  664. Most hated country of all time Lol
    9
  665.  @maisa5943  or more accurately Khakass, Altai and Siberian Tatars
    9
  666. The Turks were considered as the best warriors due to their horsemanship and skill in archery. Kaushik Roy., n.d. Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400-1750: Cavalry, Guns, Government and Ships (Bloomsbury Studies in Military History). p.24. While there is much more than this to the Turks, it is true that Turks rank among history's great empire-builders and rulers. Under the Ottomans they conquered vast territories in the Balkans and the Middle East and ruled for six hundred years. Turkey Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments pp.30
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  667. Videonun özeti ne kısaca?
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  668. Ottoman Empire ended many states in history: Eretnids,Ramadanid Emirate,Karamanids,Beylik of Tadjeddin, ,Jandarids,Ahi Republic ,Dulkadirids,Beylik of Teke,Hamidids,Germiyanids,Menteshe,Sarukhanids,Karasids ,Beylik of Bafra,Hacıemiroğulları,Kubatoğulları,Kutluşah,Tacettinoğulları,Taşanoğulları,Duchy of Saint Sava,Duchy of Athens,Duchy of the Archipelago,Jabrids Emirate,Banate of Belgrade,Banate of Masco,Serbian Despotate,Lordship of Prilep,Despotate of Epirus, Revolutionary Serbia,Kingdom of Serbia(1718-1739),Principality of Zeta,Second Bulgarian Empire,Tsardom of Vidin,Despotate of Dobruja,Principality of Valona,Despotate of Morea,Principality of Theodoro,Empire of Trebizond, County Palatine of Cephalonia and Zakynthos, Marquisate of Bodonitsa,Kingdom of Candia,Kingdom of the Morea,Triarchy of Negroponte,Koinon of the Zagorisians,Eastern Roman Empire,Principality of Albania,Lordship of Berat, Despotate of Angelokastron and Lepanto,State of Arianiti, Principality of Gjirokastër, Principality of Gropaj,Principality of Zahariaj,Principality of Dukagjini,Principality of Hamamshen,Kingdom of Bosnia, Banate of Lugos and Karánsebes,Kingdom of Hungary (1301-1526), Principality of Samtskhe,Hafsid Kingdom,Kingdom of Tlemcen, Kingdom of Kuku,Emirate of Diriyah
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  669. Because of Zengids
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  670. And also isolate languages:Shabo,Sandawe,Laal,Jalaa,Hadza,Bangime
    9
  671. Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
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  672. Weak Sasanians lost 97% of battles against some Bedouins🤣 + Became vassal of Turkic Hephthalites for 60 years and got destroyed by Turkic Warrior Tong Yabghu😭
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  673. Love Iraq from Turkey
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  674.  @theyeening  he is right
    9
  675. Bir de bize soykırımcı derler…
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  676. My favorite ones: 1-Shajar al Durr 2-Razia Sultana 3-Mulan
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  677. In contrast to those Iranian officials who claim that the Turks in Iran were actually originally Persians, the late IRGC Commander Qassem Suleimani claimed that the descendants of Turkic dynasties that live in Iran are not Iranian. Suleimani claimed: "Turks are aliens and non-Iranians. For hundreds of years (during Turkic rule in Iran), Iran had no history. Non- Iranians like the Seljuks invaded and ruled Iran."74 Shaffer, B. (2023) Iran is more than persia: Ethnic politics in Iran. Berlin: De Gruyter.
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  678.  @uguryzg  nobody even takes those statements serious except you😂
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  679. Taha Elazığlıyız Türküz🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
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  680. 🥲
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  681. Türk😎
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  682. Make video about Preveza too👀
    9
  683. While its true that there was some controversy about the origin of the Huns, the consensus after recent decades is that they were Turks of Oghuric affiliation, mostly based on credible studies confirming that the vast majority of attested Hunnic names, as well as all Hunnic successor clans are of evident Oghur Turkic origin. All Hunnic tribes (entirely Oghur Turkic) : Akatziri, Onogurs, Utigurs, Sabirs, Bulgars, Saragurs, Kutrigurs, Barsils Recorded Hunnic names of Turkic origin : Aigan = moon prince; from Turkic aï & can Atakam = elder shaman; from Turkic ata & kam Balach = calf; from Turkic Malaq Berik = strong; from Turkic Berık Basik = governor; from Turkic Bârsiğ Bleda = wise; from Turkic Bildä Dengizich = ocean-like, heavenly; from Turkic teɲez & dêɲri; or, more simply, great lake Donat / Donatu = horse; from Turkic Yonat Edeco = good; from Turkic Ädgü Ellac = to rule; from Turkic el & lä  Emmedzur = horse lord; from Turkic Ämäcur Eskam / Esqam = companion of the shaman; from Turkic Eŝkam Hereka / Kreka = pure princess; from Turkic Arïqan Ernakh / Hernac = small man, heroic man; from Turkic Ernäk Karaton = black cloak; from Turkic Qarâton Kursik = either noble; from Turkic Kürsiğ; or belt-bearer, from Qurŝiq Mundzuk = bead; from Turkic Munčuq Oebarsius / Aybars = moon leopard, from Turkic Aïbârs; or dun leopard, from oy & bars Oldogan / Odolgan = either red falcon, from Turkic al & dogan; or chubby, from Tolgun Oktar / Uptar = brave; from Turkic Öctär Ruga / Rua = wise man; from Turkic Ögä Turgun = still/calm; from Turkic Turkun Uldin = six; from Turkic Alti
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  684. Burak Simsek yoo pakistan endonezya onlardan da öte araştır
    9
  685. Ultra sad Kazakh noises💀
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  686.  @nenenindonu  Karluks became Chagatai Turks then Chagatai Turks became Uzbeks .D
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  687. Least biased Iranian historical view
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  688. Ottoman Bosnia😍😍😍
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  689. "The Turkish owners turned to Egypt to fight the Arabs. O my Lord! Just as you gave this land to Yusuf who was righteous from the sons of Jacob, now in our age, give this land to Yusuf (Saladin Ayyubi), one of the sons of Ayyub. It cuts the veins of their legs. " (ibn kesîr, el bdaya ve'n-nihaye, vol 12, p. 456-457)
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  690. Bayraktar😎
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  691. Underrated Channel
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  692. What about Agha Mohammad Khan👀 Agha Mohammad Khan exacted a brutal revenge on the people of Kerman for harboring his enemy. All the male inhabitants were killed or blinded, and a pile was made out of 20,000 detached eyeballs and poured in front of the victorious Qajar leader.[5] The women and children were sold into slavery, and the city was destroyed over ninety days. One of the factors in the formation of this event was the incitement of Agha Mohammad Khan by Lotfali Khan Zand and his entourage. Among these provocations were the mockery of the Qajar king and the burning of his grudge more and more. Every evening, the people and women of Kermani recited poems in mockery of Agham Mohammad Khan from the towers attached to the gate, mocking his nobility.[6]
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  693. IMPERIUM TURCICUM ❤️❤️❤️
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  694. The London Conference of 1832 was an international conference convened to establish a stable government in Greece. Negotiations between the three Great Powers (Britain, France and Russia) resulted in the establishment of the Kingdom of Greece under a Bavarian Prince. The decisions were ratified in the Treaty of Constantinople later that year. There wasn't any Greek political entity up to the 1800's when Britain, France, and Russia decided to establish an artifical ethno-state ruled by a German Dynasty to drain Ottoman influence, the previous two millennia of "Greece's history" were spent under continuous Roman-Turkish yoke
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  695. Make video about Battle of Preveza 🦈
    9
  696. Kurdish is divided into three or four groups, where languages from different groups are not mutually intelligible without acquired bilingualism.
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  697. Cap
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  698. The ancient Hellenes were conquered by the Romans . Emperor Justinian destroyed the last vestiges of Hellenic civilisation , and state Christianity created a new civilisation on the ruins of the old . Koliopoulos, G. and Veremēs, T., 2007. Greece: the modern sequel. London: Hurst & Company, p.242. Hellenes as they were called, were persecuted by the enforcement of these general rules; Justinian endeavored, above all things, to deprive them of education, and he had the University of Athens closed in 529; at the same time ordering wholesale conversations. The Cambridge Medieval History volumes 1-5 by John Bagnell Bury, Paul Dalen (Goodreads Author) (Editor) And there is also evidence that the word 'Hellene' now meant 'pagan', and Justinian did conduct persecutions of Hellenes. The world of Classics in the sixth century was not entirely rosy. Scott, R., n.d. Byzantine chronicles and the sixth century And there is also evidence that the word 'Hellene' now meant 'pagan', and Justinian did conduct persecutions of Hellenes. Scott, R., n.d. Byzantine chronicles and the sixth century.
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  699. Colonialism made most of them extinct😢
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  700. Timurid Empire 😍😍😍 one of the best Turkic empires in history
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  701. The majority of Slavic slaves who remained in the Crimea or were exported to the Ottoman Empire were probably captured during Tatar raids in the southern regions of Poland–Lithuania and Muscovy.4
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  702. Happy Catalan noises
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  703. Nooooo
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  704. Reject mother tongue Embrace Proto-Human uuuoga booouga language
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  705.  @persianguy1524  The Iranians thought the Turks coarse and uncouth, lacking any appreciation for poetry and the other fine arts. The Turks, on the other hand, looked down on the Persians as effete and unable to pacify and protect their own country. This conflict is said by one recent commen- tator to have been a major cause for the collapse of the regime. The Safavid emperors were never able to integrate the two types into a coherent, unified governing system." Blake, S. (1991). Courtly and popular culture. In Shahjahanabad: The Sovereign City in Mughal India 1639–1739 (Cambridge South Asian Studies, pp. 122-160). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. The Zand dynasty, which ruled Iran from 1751 to 1794 , was the first native Iranian regime in almost six hundred years, as opposed to the Turkic and Mongolian sovereigns who until then had governed the land. Frye, R. (2009). Zand Dynasty. In The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World. : Oxford University Press. For nearly a thousand years, Iran has generally been ruled by non-Persian dynasties, usually Turkish. Bosworth, C. (1968). THE POLITICAL AND DYNASTIC HISTORY OF THE IRANIAN WORLD (A.D. 1000–1217). In J. Boyle (Ed.), The Cambridge History of Iran (The Cambridge History of Iran, pp. 1-202). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521069366.002 Zands were the first dynasty of Iranian stock to rule after an interval of nearly a thousand years of Turkish rulers.“12 The Zands in Iran - Richard Nelson Frye As a century-long westward drive pushed Turkic clan after Turkic clan into the Iranian world, they often merged with it. In the last 1,000 years, most of the dynasties that ruled Iran rose out of Turkish clans — from the Ghaznavids who invaded northern India from their capital Ghazni in the 11th century, to the Seljuks, to the Timurids, to the Safavids and, latterly, to the Qajars. Turkey Reawakening to Its Vast Iranian Ties By Souren Melikian April 23, 2010 The New York Times.
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  706. 😍😍😍
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  707. Even Kings and Generals said that 16 million descendant is myth…
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  708. Best empire in history😍
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  709.  @armorman8737  Naimans were Mongolized Sekiz Oghuz people, they spoke a Siberian Turkic language before Mongolization and Kipchakization
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  710. Mamluk Empire 😍😍😍
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  711.  @nastic_27  fort comme un turc [adj] très fort ; vigoureux ; robuste ; costaud Origin and definition Today, a Turk is just another human being. And even if there are Turks who hold world records in weightlifting, nothing seems to justify calling a Turk more strong than a Greek, a Monegasque or a Chinese. But we must not forget the history of Turkey. Before this country became what it is today, there was the Ottoman Empire built by a people of warriors through conquests in Europe, Africa and Asia. These Turkish or Ottoman fighters impressed by their strength, their courage and also their brutality, their cruelty. Thus in the 17th and 18th centuries, the Turk symbolized the unbeliever, the brutal enemy. It was also said of someone who was rude and ruthless that he was "a real Turk" and to treat someone "Turkish" was to treat him unceremoniously. The expression originated in the mid-15th century, shortly after the capture of Constantinople (ancient Byzantium and present-day Istanbul) by the troops of Sultan Mehmet II in 1453. Examples “I have two, sir, who, without vanity, could be presented to the pope, especially my eldest, who is a pretty bit of a girl. I am raising her to be a countess, although her mother does not want it. How old is she, sir, this future countess? But she is approaching fifteen years old: already that is a fathom taller for you, nice, fresh as an April morning, agile, uncoupled, sprightly, and above all strong as a Turk. Devil ! these are good dispositions for being a countess. Oh ! her mother may say so, she will be. » Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra - Don Quixote of La Mancha
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  712. Chad Sefa has spoken
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  713. =P
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  714. get more videos on unknown topics
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  715. Arabic proverb cited by the North African analytic historian Ibn Khaldun of the fourteenth century: dawlah 'ind al-turk, din 'ind al-'arab wa adab 'ind al-furs Power (rests) with the Turk, religion with the Arab, and culture with the Persian.
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  716. Such an interesting topic👍
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  717. Germans destroyed each other 🐸
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  718. Albania disliked this
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  719. Patato > Everything
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  720. Cyprus is not Greece. Ottoman Empire conquered Cyprus from Italian peoples VENETIAN EMPIRE not from any Greek empire.
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  721. In the eighth century the Khazars subjugated the Slavic tribes living near the steppe . This fact opened for these Slavic groups trade routes to Black Sea and Caspian markets .
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  722. Though Nader khan was illiterate, he was born for war and he was a genius of military affairs. Many modern historians liken him to the great Alexander, at times to Napoleon, at times to Emir Timur and they are not mis-akenWithin some years he freed the occupied territories and he united the new lands into the state. It testified that he was a great military strategist. His ability was inborn. He was resoutely sure that in order to set up a mobilized army the fighters had to be trained seriously with military instructions, and he always toiled in that direction. Like a strategist Nader Shah was superior to all the warlords who were against him. Before the battle he always attended to all the small details and niceties and only then carried out the battles. One of his successful tactics was carefully attacking the enemy with troopers from the unexpected place. His infantry fighters were very disciplined and they were not weaker than the yanichers of the Ottomans. During the battles, if the enemy made his groups retreat a little Nader khan then used to enter that group, kill the sotnick, military leader personally and appoint another one to the post. That was why his fighters never retreated if they weren't ordered. Nader khan skillfully used the spare troops too. The main point was that he could easily sense the weak point of the enemy. and if it needed. he could send spare troops there. The name of Nader khan is also connected with the development of heavy artillery. His military qualities increased after he became the Shah. He was also born as a nice organizer and an instructor. After his personal efforts, he who wasn't a fighter could be turned into a skilful fighter. One of his superior qualities was that he paid attention to stiffening the spirit among the fighters. To control the army spread all over the country, and to make them obey his orders show his ability to organize. Nader Shah had a wonderful memory. In a big troop he knew the officers name by name. Also he remembered exactly when and to which private fighter he had awarded a medal or had them punished. He could turn the mass of disorderly and uncontrollable fighters into a great and mighty army in Asia. And even, Napoleon greatly admired Nader emerges from the record of Amédée Jaubert, the French Orientalist who, having acted as Napoleon's interpreter in Egypt, visited Iran in 1807 to conclude a Franco-Iranian alliance. Jaubert carried with him a letter from Napoleon in which the French emperor, somewhat injudiciously in front of the sedentary Fath ‘Ali Shah, praised Nader Shah as a ‘great warrior’, who was ‘able to conquer a great power’, who ‘struck the insurgents with terror and was fearsome to his neighbors’, while he ‘triumphed over his enemies and reigned gloriously’. Furthermore; Spencer Coakley Tucker, one of the leading experts on military and naval history described Nader Shah as: A man of ruthless ambition and immense energy, he was certainly one of the great captains of military history. A master strategist, he was immensely successful in raising armies. He was also both cynical and cruel, and his reign was marked by violence and bloodshed. Nonetheless, he had taken Persia from near collapse to dominant power in the region.
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  723. Gigachad Turks vs Virgin Greek
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  724. But Ottoman had just one dynasty unlike “laughs in Roman” :))
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  725. In fact, Turkic-speaking peoples have played a major role in Iranian history, ruling the country from the eleventh century up to the early twentieth. Even today they represent more than a quarter of Iran's population. Foltz, R. (2016) Iran in world history. Oxford etc.: Oxford University Press. p.61
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  726. Happy Spanish/Portuguese noises
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  727.  @CheLanguages  Part 2 suggestions: Khalaj, Gagauz, Qashqai
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  728. Although the Khalajs were a large, militarily superior and very important ethnic group in history, they are only 20.000 people today. They established many empires and kingdoms in history Turk Shahi which defeated Abbasids, Zunbils, Khaljis of Bengal which was responsible to Bengalis being Muslims today, Khaljis of Delhi which was also a short lived important empire that defeated Mongol armies many times and conquered vast majority of Indian subcontinent, and Khaljis of Malwa which defeated Rajput warriors many times. In addition very famous and one of the greatest Islamic general Alauddin Khalji got his surname from this tribe.
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  729. Here again treachery overcame one of the most gallant rulers of history, secret foes opening the gates of Kerman to Agha Mohammed, who gave the city up to massacre, and it is stated ordered twenty, and some say seventy thousand pairs of human eyes to be given to him as a ransom from the inhabitants. The Zend prince cut his way through the Kajar troops and took refuge at Bam, where again treachery proved his undoing, for the Governor of that town delivered up his guest to the Kajar conqueror who put him to death in his twenty-sixth year. And now Persia was ruled by an alien tribe of Turkish origin, the members of whom are said to have been unable to speak the language of Iran. Agha Mohammed, the founder of the dynasty, took Tehran for his capital in order to be in touch with the Caspian provinces, which had always declared for the Kajars, and he soon established himself firmly throughout the country. Although his military genius is undisputed, he appears to have been almost superhumanly cruel and tyrannical. His nephew Fath Ali Shah succeeded him; but as he looked upon Persia as a conquered country, and was very avaricious, it may easily be understood that he did little for the improvement of his realm. Haji Ibrahim, who had betrayed the chivalrous Zend prince, was the Vizier of this second Kajar Shah; but it is said that old Agha Mohammed had advised his nephew to get rid of a servant who had acted so treacherously to a former master. Therefore, when Fath Ali Shah became jealous of his minister's great influence, he caused him to be cruelly put to death and seized his wealth.
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  730.  @l0necroc  best too according to numerous primary sources such as al-Jahiz
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  731. It might have been expected that these different ruling dynasties, Ghaznavid, Qarakhanid, and Seljuq, would have brought a new lingua-franca to the Middle East in the eleventh century. They did, after all, speak mutually intelligible forms of Turkic; and this was the beginning of what would turn into almost a millennium of Turkish rule, as witness the Arabic proverb cited by the North African analytic historian Ibn Khaldun of the fourteenth century: dawlah 'ind al-turk, din 'ind al-'arab wa adab 'ind al-furs Power (rests) with the Turk, religion with the Arab, and culture with the Persian.
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  732. 😍😍😍
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  733. He is described as endowed with the highest intellect and a superhuman willpower , which enabled him to unite heterogeneous Turkic and Mongolian tribes into a single whole .
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  734. Yes, in the comments, the Greeks have always tried to present the Turks as immigrants and abolitionists, and themselves as natives of the island. However, the Greeks, or rather the Hellenes, were not natives of the region, but came from the Ukrainian steppes about 4000 years ago and settled where they live today. Their settlement has also caused many indigenous peoples to lose their language. (Eteocretans, Eteocypriots, Minoans, Pelasgians, Lemnians, Levantines, indigenous Anatolians etc.). Second, the Ottomans did not take Cyprus from the Greeks or any Greek state, they conquered a population subjugated by their Venetians. And also, they have repeatedly emphasize the Central Asian/Siberian origin of the Turks, as if it were something shameful. But let them know that we are proud to be a warrior nation from the steppes, and unlike the passive Greeks, we have established dozens of empires and hundreds of states. And we are very fond of our independence. Unlike the Greeks, we have been independent for most of our history and have not been incapable to rule ourselves. Mehh, look at the Greeks. Much of their history was under the yoke of other people. THAT SHOULD BE THE MAIN SHAMEFUL THING.
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  735. Only 8 million people are speaking 800+ languages 🐋
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  736. In history, “Turkish people” are famous for their strength, there is even a French expression referring to it: Il est fort comme un Turc = He is strong as a Turkish.
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  737. Oghur Turkic brothers😍😍😍 Huns of today
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  738. Turkic rule is longer
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  739. The first thing that comes to my mind is the Ottomanball punched in the Sr Pelo video 😅
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  740. Later in the Middle Ages the Turks arrived , those great warriors and conquerors . The Byzantines lost Asia Minor to them and were unable to prevent them from crossing to Europe . The Ottoman Turks conquered the entire Balkan region to the Danube and even beyond , crowning their successes with the capture of Constantinople in 1453 , an event that stunned the western world . They occupied most of Hungary ; Vienna was under threat . Where would they stop ? The Christian world , both western and Byzantine , had certainly every reason to fear Islam .
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  741. Of course
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  742. Her zamanki gibi farklı Türkler birbirini yemiş :-/ MasterofRoflness’in Turkish history be like videosunu akıllara getiriyor.
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  743. Turkey 🇹🇷 is best
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  744. The Safavids were descended from a family of Turkmen Sufi sheikhs from Ardabil, in Azerbaijan. https://www.davidmus.dk/en/collections/islamic/dynasties/safavids The Ottoman,Mughal and Safavid dynasties all had Turkic roots and traced their provenance to the steppe. (Cambridge University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=5ky2CgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Safavid+dynasty+cambridge+university+press&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjn0PCSmJXpAhXK_CoKHc2lDlcQ6AEINDAC#v=snippet&q=Roots&f=false Religious overtones aside,in most other respects theirs was a typical turkish dynasty. (Cambridge University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=esnWJkYRCJ4C&printsec=frontcover&dq=Firearms:+A+Global+History+to+1700+-+Sayfa+115&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiW6sLHl6bpAhWnyqYKHcBRA80Q6AEIJTAA#v=onepage&q=Turkish%20dynasty&f=false Ottoman eastward expansion was stalled by the rise of another Turkish dynasty, the Safavids, in Persia. (Columbia University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=pcwzCgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Conflict,+Conquest,+and+Conversion:+Two+Thousand+Years+of+Christian+Missions+...&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiy29DtmKbpAhXDfZoKHVwpBAwQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=Turkish%20dynasty&f=false At much the same time, two more great states arose, each led by migrant Turkish princes: the Safavid Empire of Iran, founded in 1500, and the Mughal Empire of India and Afghanistan,founded in 1526. (Columbia University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=Z013mXynh1wC&pg=PA72&dq=safavid+princes&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwilxZiLmabpAhXDxaYKHbZtAD04HhDoATADegQIARAW#v=onepage&q=safavid%20princes&f=false The three Islamic empires of the early modern period – the Mughal, the Safavid, and the Ottoman – shared a common Turko-Mongolian heritage. https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/time-in-early-modern-islam/safavid-mughal-and-ottoman-empires/9D55F0A0262017473EC8A9A7ED86C508/core-reader The Zands were the first dynasty of Iranian stock to rule after an interval of nearly a thousand years of Turkish rulers.“12 Harvard University Press Page 20 http://richardfrye.org/files/The_Zands_in_Iran.pdf The Safavid Empire had its roots in a Turkic dynastic line originating in Iranian Azerbaijan. [42] (42)Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, and Africa: An Encyclopedia editör: Andrea L. Stanton, Edward Ramsamy, Peter J. Seybolt, Carolyn M. Elliott
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  745. Türks Rule😎
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  746. Karakalpak
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  747.  @TheHunterOfYharnam  Au contraire , with the introduction of Christianity the Greeks of old Hellas , who in part had remained heathen , ranked as second - class citizens ; with the introduction of Christianity the Greeks of old Hellas , who in part had remained heathen , ranked as second - class citizens ; the word “ Hellene " in Byzantium had meant the same as " barbarian " since the third century . The representatives of Byzantium who spoke koine and who called themselves Rhomaioi ( " Romans ' , i.e. ' East Romans ' and not Greeks ), did not bother very much about the rural Greek-speaking popu-lation of Old Hellas, who spoke a tongue drawn from the dialects and sharply diverging from the high reputation of the koine. Décsy, G. (2000) The linguistic identity of Europe. Bloomington, IN: Eurolingua. p..203
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  748. Hungolia❤Bulgolia❤Turgolia
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  749. Albabia from Turkey
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  750.  @eternal_riftz8801  ethnicity works by paternal side not maternal
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  751. Tatar Empire would be established :)
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  752. the Arabic proverb cited by the North African analytic historian Ibn Khaldun of the fourteenth century: dawlah 'ind al-turk, din 'ind al-'arab wa adab 'ind al-furs Power (rests) with the Turk, religion with the Arab, and culture with the Persian.
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  753. While its true that there was some controversy about the origin of the Huns, the consensus after recent decades is that they were Turks of Oghuric affiliation, mostly based on credible studies confirming that the vast majority of attested Hunnic names, as well as all Hunnic successor clans are of evident Oghur Turkic origin. All Hunnic tribes (entirely Oghur Turkic) : Akatziri, Onogurs, Utigurs, Sabirs, Bulgars, Saragurs, Kutrigurs, Barsils Recorded Hunnic names of Turkic origin : Aigan = moon prince; from Turkic aï & can Atakam = elder shaman; from Turkic ata & kam Balach = calf; from Turkic Malaq Berik = strong; from Turkic Berık Basik = governor; from Turkic Bârsiğ Bleda = wise; from Turkic Bildä Dengizich = ocean-like, heavenly; from Turkic teɲez & dêɲri; or, more simply, great lake Donat / Donatu = horse; from Turkic Yonat Edeco = good; from Turkic Ädgü Ellac = to rule; from Turkic el & lä  Emmedzur = horse lord; from Turkic Ämäcur Eskam / Esqam = companion of the shaman; from Turkic Eŝkam Hereka / Kreka = pure princess; from Turkic Arïqan Ernakh / Hernac = small man, heroic man; from Turkic Ernäk Karaton = black cloak; from Turkic Qarâton Kursik = either noble; from Turkic Kürsiğ; or belt-bearer, from Qurŝiq Mundzuk = bead; from Turkic Munčuq Oebarsius / Aybars = moon leopard, from Turkic Aïbârs; or dun leopard, from oy & bars Oldogan / Odolgan = either red falcon, from Turkic al & dogan; or chubby, from Tolgun Oktar / Uptar = brave; from Turkic Öctär Ruga / Rua = wise man; from Turkic Ögä Turgun = still/calm; from Turkic Turkun Uldin = six; from Turkic Alti
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  754. Wtf is Achaemenid being best empire 🤓
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  755. Cypriot Greeks have a different language from MSG
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  756. 🐰
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  757. Turkish rifle😍
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  758. Arabic proverb cited by the North African analytic historian Ibn Khaldun of the fourteenth century: dawlah 'ind al-turk, din 'ind al-'arab wa adab 'ind al-furs Power (rests) with the Turk, religion with the Arab, and culture with the Persian.
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  759. Crying Turkic noises 😢
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  760. Yunanlar rüya görüyor yine
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  761. Erman Uyanık Both first and second French Empire is joke to compare Ottoman Empire Ottomans lived 623 years,ruled three subcontinents and more than 50 different ethnic groups French Empire killed civilians in Africa and some people thinking French empire is better😂😂😂😂🤣🤣🤣🤣
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  762. The traumatic element of Greek national identity is reinforced in memories of Ottoman rule known as the 'Turkish yoke'.
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  763. The noblest of these nations that were not interested in science are the Chinese and the Turks. The Chinese are the largest of the peoples by number, the most imposing by kingdom, and the most considerable by territory. The domains they occupy are in the eastern parts of the inhabited world, between the equinoctial line to the extreme of the seven climates to the north. His share in knowledge (ma'rifa) is to surpass all nations in mastery of handicrafts and perfection of graphic arts. They are the most suffered of men in the prolonged effort, which the improvement of the works [supposes], as well as in enduring the harshness of the penalties in the perfection of the arts (sana'i"). As for the Turks, [they] also form a great nation with numerous troops and an imposing kingdom. The domains they inhabit are found between the eastern regions of Juräsän, [on the side] of the Islamic empire, the western regions of China, northern India, and the extreme north of the inhabited world. Their virtue is that they stand out and achieve supremacy in doing war, as well as in the elaboration of weapons; for they are the most skilful of men in horsemanship and [warfare] tactics, and the keenest of eyes for spearing, striking with the sword, and shooting arrows. Ahmad, A.S. ibn and Salgado, M.F. (1999) Libro de las categorías de las naciones: Vislumbres desde el islam clásico sobre la filosofía y la ciencia. Tres cantos: Akal., p.43
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  764. Kievan Rus was a Viking Empire but you didn’t mention 🥲
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  765. The history of the Gaoju is given in the respective entry in WS 103 + (pp. 2505-2508); until the beginning of Text 1.056/B it is extracted as follows. 高車,蓋古赤狄之餘種也初號為狄歷,北方以為敕勒,諸夏以為高車、丁零。 其語略與匈奴同而時有小異,或云其先匈奴之也。 The Gaoju are probably the remaining tribes of the ancient Chidi [lit. 'the red Di']. Initially they were called Dili. People in the north called them Chile, whereas people in China proper called them Gaoju or Dingling. Their language is roughly the same as that of the Xiongnu but at times has minor differences from that. Some say that their ancestors were the nephew of [i.e. indirectly related to] the Xiongnu.
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  766.  @rocketleague2136  Saladin was Kurd not Nuraldin
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  767. Kraut 👀
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  768. #FreeHazaras #FreeSouthTurkistan
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  769. Happy Ottoman,Austro-Hungarian,German and Bulgarian noises :-)
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  770.  @reziinho1414  In fact, Turkic-speaking peoples have played a major role in Iranian history, ruling the country from the eleventh century up to the early twentieth. Even today they represent more than a quarter of Iran's population. Foltz, R. (2016) Iran in world history. Oxford etc.: Oxford University Press. p.61
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  771. According to Albanian scholar, translator and publicist Piro Misha: "Skenderbeg, as Albanians know him or think they know him, is nothing more than a myth: a mixture of historical facts, truths and half truths, inventions and folklore.... The Albanian nationalist elites have turned Skenderbeg into the basis for the myth of continuous resistance'. In fact, there was no continuous resistance' by the Albanians. There is only the betrayal of Skenderbeg by their conversion to the faith of Skenderbeg's Muslim enemies. The religious dimension needed to be avoided to serve a basis for control of the Christian Albanians by the Muslim Albanian nationalist elites. Skenderbeg's identity was completely hijacked and along with it, Albanian Christianity." - Pirro Misha Invention of Nationalism: Myth and Amnesia Quoted from : Albanian Identities: Myth and History Edited by: Stephanie Schwandner - Sievers & Bernd J. Fischer
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  772. USSR 😐🤮
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  773. In short, it is hard to think of any other ethnolinguistic entity in history that conquered so vast a territory and founded so many empires and states, also contributing to world civilizations. The history of the Turkic peoples was an important factor in world history for more than a millennium until the emergence of Europe as the world's dominant power. What happened in the Turkic world often affected the history of China, Central Asia, the Middle East, South Asia, and Europe. One may also argue that world history began with the "Turko-Mongol" empire created by Chinggis Khan. In the contemporary world, Turkic-speaking nations form six states (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, and Turkey/Türkiye) and several "autonomous" units in Russia (the republics of Chuvash, Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Altai, Khakassia, Tuva, and Sakha) and China (the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). Turkic peoples also reside as minority groups in several other countries, including Mongolia and Iran, among others. It would therefore be difficult to acquire a comprehensive understanding of world history as well as our present world without studying the history of the Turkic peoples.
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  774. They were good allies as well, Ismail even sent his Qizilbash troops to support Babur’s empire
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  775. While its true that there was some controversy about the origin of the Huns, the consensus after recent decades is that they were Turks of Oghuric affiliation, mostly based on credible studies confirming that the vast majority of attested Hunnic names, as well as all Hunnic successor clans are of evident Oghur Turkic origin. All Hunnic tribes (entirely Oghur Turkic) : Akatziri, Onogurs, Utigurs, Sabirs, Bulgars, Saragurs, Kutrigurs, Barsils Recorded Hunnic names of Turkic origin : Aigan = moon prince; from Turkic aï & can Alp Ilutuer / Ilteber = heroic chieftain; from Turkic alp & iltäbär Althias = six; from Turkic Alti Akkagas = white rock; from Turkic ak & kayač Atakam = elder shaman; from Turkic ata & kam Balach = calf; from Turkic Malaq Berik = strong; from Turkic Berık Basik = governor; from Turkic Bârsiğ Bleda = wise; from Turkic Bildä Bochas = either gullet; from Turkic Boğuz; or bull, from Buqa Dengizich = ocean-like, heavenly; from Turkic teɲez & dêɲri; or, more simply, great lake Donat / Donatu = horse; from Turkic Yonat Edeco = good; from Turkic Ädgü Ellac = to rule; from Turkic el & lä Emmedzur = horse lord; from Turkic Ämäcur Eskam / Esqam = companion of the shaman; from Turkic Eŝkam Hereka / Kreka = pure princess; from Turkic Arïqan Ernakh / Hernac = small man, heroic man; from Turkic Ernäk Iliger = prince man; from Turkic ilig & är Karadach = black mountain; from Turkic Qaradağ Karaton = black cloak; from Turkic Qarâton Kursik = either noble; from Turkic Kürsiğ; or belt-bearer, from Qurŝiq Kutilzis = blessed herald; from Turkic kut & elči Mundzuk = bead; from Turkic Munčuq Oebarsius / Aybars = moon leopard, from Turkic Aïbârs; or dun leopard, from oy & bars Oldogan / Odolgan = either red falcon; from Turkic al & dogan; or chubby, from Tolgun Oktar / Uptar = brave; from Turkic Öctär Ruga / Rua = wise man; from Turkic Ögä Turgun = still/calm; from Turkic Turkun Uldin = six; from Turkic Alti Zolban = shepherd star; from Turkic Čolpan.
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  776. The Turks were considered as the best warriors due to their horsemanship and skill in archery. Kaushik Roy., n.d. Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400-1750: Cavalry, Guns, Government and Ships (Bloomsbury Studies in Military History). p.24. The Turks too , the great warriors of the steppes , were almost haughty in the assumption that they inherited the jihad fighting spirit of the tradition and carried it half - way into Europe . Turko-Persia in Historical Perspective p.94 The Seljukian Turks had had some great warriors ; the period of their power was during the eleventh and twelfth centuries ; they had taken the place of the Arabs as the great Moslem power of the east , though an Arab caliph still nominally reigned at Baghdad . The Divine Aspect of History Volume 2 p.324
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  777. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
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  778. While its true that there was some controversy about the origin of the Huns, the consensus after recent decades is that they were Turks of Oghuric affiliation, mostly based on credible studies confirming that the vast majority of attested Hunnic names, as well as all Hunnic successor clans are of evident Oghur Turkic origin. All Hunnic tribes (entirely Oghur Turkic) : Akatziri, Onogurs, Utigurs, Sabirs, Bulgars, Saragurs, Kutrigurs, Barsils Recorded Hunnic names of Turkic origin : Aigan = moon prince; from Turkic aï & can Atakam = elder shaman; from Turkic ata & kam Balach = calf; from Turkic Malaq Berik = strong; from Turkic Berık Basik = governor; from Turkic Bârsiğ Bleda = wise; from Turkic Bildä Dengizich = ocean-like, heavenly; from Turkic teɲez & dêɲri; or, more simply, great lake Donat / Donatu = horse; from Turkic Yonat Edeco = good; from Turkic Ädgü Ellac = to rule; from Turkic el & lä  Emmedzur = horse lord; from Turkic Ämäcur Eskam / Esqam = companion of the shaman; from Turkic Eŝkam Hereka / Kreka = pure princess; from Turkic Arïqan Ernakh / Hernac = small man, heroic man; from Turkic Ernäk Karaton = black cloak; from Turkic Qarâton Kursik = either noble; from Turkic Kürsiğ; or belt-bearer, from Qurŝiq Mundzuk = bead; from Turkic Munčuq Oebarsius / Aybars = moon leopard, from Turkic Aïbârs; or dun leopard, from oy & bars Oldogan / Odolgan = either red falcon, from Turkic al & dogan; or chubby, from Tolgun Oktar / Uptar = brave; from Turkic Öctär Ruga / Rua = wise man; from Turkic Ögä Turgun = still/calm; from Turkic Turkun Uldin = six; from Turkic Alti
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  779. @Lily Wood People in Western Europe are too inclined to regard the Turks as a great warrior race and ignore the fact the Turks as a great warrior race and ignore the fact the Turks have been gifted poets and writers for generations .
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  780.  @tesseract9716  nice copium 😂
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  781. Ancestors of Lebanese people
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  782.  @elenilepouri7253  Arabs and Turks called them as Rum not Greek🤣🤣🤣 keep dreaming about history
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  783. Önemli bir konuya değinmişsiniz :)
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  784. 1,5 hour video :0 wow
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  785. Best Islamic empire in history and possibly best empire in history too
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  786. Despite their large population, tiny nomadic confederations ruled India very long time :-)
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  787. Page -194- ^ Timour was the son of Teragay Nevian. He gives the following account of his lineage, in his memoirs :—" My father told me that we were descendants from Abu-al-Atrak (father of the Turks) the son of Japhet. His fifth son, Aljeh Khan, had twin sons, Tatar and Mogul, who placed their feet on the paths of infidelity. Turaene Khan had a son Kabul, whose son, Munga Bahadur, was the father of Temugin, small estate, with not more than three or four mounted attendants. He lived iu a village, near this city of Kesh, for the men of this land prefer living in the villages, and in the plains, to living in cities. His son, also, had not more than four or five horses. I will now tell you, what was told to the ambassadors, as certain truth in this city, and in other parts. It is said that Timour, having four or five servants, went out one day to steal a sheep, and on another day a cow, by force, from the people of the country. When he had got them, be ate them with his followers ; and some because of the plunder, others because he was a brave and good hearted man, joined him, until he had a force of three hundred mounted followers. From that time be traversed the country, to rob and steal all he could lay hands on, for himself and bis companions, and he also frequented the roads, and plundered the merchants.' Narrative of the embassy of Ruy Gonzalez de Clavijo to the court of Timour at Samarcand, A.D. 1403-6 by González de Clavijo, Ruy, d. 1412; Markham, Clements R. (Clements Robert), Sir, 1830-1916 ed
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  788. Cavit Pancar dan sonra bu kanal da video atmış :-)
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  789. Making an argument from silence, we may assume that the Khazars were the first permanent tribute-taking polity in the area. Kiev, which two centuries later was to become a key centre of a Rus' state formation, was founded by the Khazars as an outpost. When, in the ninth century, Vikings from the North appeared and formed the first polity centred on this area, it was the Khazars against whom they had to compete. Archaeological findings document a Scan- dinavian presence from the middle of the seventh century. By the beginning of the ninth century, they were residents (Noonan 1986: 339). By 839, we know from the Annals of St. Bertin that they had established a polity known as the Rus' Khaganate. To quote the leading Khazar scholar, Peter Golden, As for the Rus' qaghanate, we know nothing concrete about its origins. Both Pritsak and the writer of these lines concluded that there must have been some marital connection between the Khazar qaghanal line and the Rus rulers. Pritsak suggested that the founder of the line was a Khazar Qaghan who fled the Kabar (Qabar) revolt in the 830's and 'found refuge in the Rus' factory (trading post) dominating the vital Volga-Donets route from the region near Iaroslavl'-Rostov. I also argued for a blood tie because anything less, in steppe Eurasia (the most important audience for such imperial pre- tentions), would have been meaningless. (Golden 2001: 32)
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  790. Balkan history is always fascinating and brutal..
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  791. Just Roman
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  792.  @Kretek  yeah Ottomans were black not white 😅😅😅
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  793. İsrail en iyi dostlarımızdan biri
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  794. mehrdad 576 Bro did you look Tulunids year 881 Tulunids are Turks And mongols are very different
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  795. When Temüjin was a boy, the center of the steppe world was the Orkhon Valley, the old imperial site of the Türks. The valley was dominated by the Kereit. To the west, on the upper Irtysh River, lay Naiman territory. The Kereit and Naiman, not the Mongols, were masters of the steppeThe Kereit and Naiman elites spoke Turkic and had partially converted to Christianity under the influence of the Nestorian Church. In an effort to outdo each other, To'oril of the Kereit and Tayang Qan of the Naiman accumulated men, weapons, alliances, and prestige. Yesügei Ba'atur sided with the Kereit. Later Chinggis Khan would subdue the Kereit and the Naiman in the course of a protracted effort to defeat all challengers among the steppe peoples. The Horde How the Mongols Changed the World Marie Favereau, p.32-33
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  796. Here again treachery overcame one of the most gallant rulers of history, secret foes opening the gates of Kerman to Agha Mohammed, who gave the city up to massacre, and it is stated ordered twenty, and some say seventy thousand pairs of human eyes to be given to him as a ransom from the inhabitants. The Zend prince cut his way through the Kajar troops and took refuge at Bam, where again treachery proved his undoing, for the Governor of that town delivered up his guest to the Kajar conqueror who put him to death in his twenty-sixth year. And now Persia was ruled by an alien tribe of Turkish origin, the members of whom are said to have been unable to speak the language of Iran. Agha Mohammed, the founder of the dynasty, took Tehran for his capital in order to be in touch with the Caspian provinces, which had always declared for the Kajars, and he soon established himself firmly throughout the country. Although his military genius is undisputed, he appears to have been almost superhumanly cruel and tyrannical. His nephew Fath Ali Shah succeeded him; but as he looked upon Persia as a conquered country, and was very avaricious, it may easily be understood that he did little for the improvement of his realm. Haji Ibrahim, who had betrayed the chivalrous Zend prince, was the Vizier of this second Kajar Shah; but it is said that old Agha Mohammed had advised his nephew to get rid of a servant who had acted so treacherously to a former master. Therefore, when Fath Ali Shah became jealous of his minister's great influence, he caused him to be cruelly put to death and seized his wealth.
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  797. As the number of evidence of linguistic, ethnographic and socio-political nature show that Bulgars belonged to the group of Turkic peoples.[36][24][26][30] The Bulgars (also Bolgars or proto-Bulgarians[40]) were a semi-nomadic people of Turkic descent, originally from Central Asia, who from the 2nd century onwards dwelled in the steppes north of the Caucasus and around the banks of river Volga (then Itil). https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria Bulgars (< Turkic bulgha- ‘to mix, stir up, disturb’, i.e. ‘rebels’) A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian-Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiongnu (late 3rd cent. ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-820 Many Slavic tribes lived within the boundaries of the state, together with the proto-Bulgarians, a tribe of Turkic origin that had settled in the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 7th century. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boris-I The Bulgars were a Turkic tribal confederation that gave rise to the Balkan Bulgar and Volga Bulgar states.The ethynonym derives from the Turkish bulgha-,”to stir,mix,disturb,confuse.” https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=c788wWR_bLwC&pg=PA354&redir_esc=y&hl=tr#v=onepage&q=Bulgars&f=false (Harvard University Press) The Volga Bulgars, a Turkish tribe then living on the east bank of the Volga River, ... the laws of Islam to the Bulgars, who had recently converted to the religion. http://www.bookrags.com/research/ahmad-ibn-fadlan-ued/#gsc.tab=0 Eastern Bulgars , Bulgars Ancient Turkic people originating in the region n and e of the Black Sea. https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/balkan-states Volga Bulgaria was a northeastern European Turkic state that formed during the 9th century and continued into the first four decades of the 13th century. https://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe009 https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopedia-of-slavic-languages-and-linguistics-online/*-COM_031941 https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-Bulgar+languages https://xn--80ad7bbk5c.xn--p1ai/en/content/brief-history-suvar-bulgars http://bulgarizdat.ru/index.php/book1/article1-1 Bulgars, Eastern bŭl´gärz, –gərz [key], Turkic-speaking people, who possessed a powerful state (10th–14th cent.) at the confluence of the Volga and the Kama, E European Russia. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. Cambridge University Press https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=Ylz4fe7757cC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=proto+bulgars&source=bl&ots=vvGsuu2J3g&sig=ACfU3U2YuPKKdgVQKhoUi2fyDiC99n4N_Q&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiRqIaDlNvmAhWM-yoKHW38DDI4FBDoATAAegQIBRAB#v=onepage&q=proto%20bulgars&f=false Population genetic analysis indicated that Conquerors had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-53105-5 https://hizliresim.com/stAHqu More Sources https://1drv.ms/w/s!ArU3juYblIHghhn2C4hh-bLC8FRi
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  798. The Barlas clan was probably a Mongolized Turkic tribe just like the Barga, Naimans, Jalairs, Keraites, Öngüts, Merkits, Kurykan, Bayirku etc. The Mongolized Turks were generally later Turkified again.
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  799. Sino-Tungusic vs Franco-Germanic 👀
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  800. In letters to Mughal and Ottoman rulers, Nädir, in a parallel way, recalled the past by appealing to his common ancestry with them." He, too, sought to establish a world empire, but one that recognized the legitimacy of the contemporary rulers of India, Iran, Central Asia, and the Ottoman Empire, because, as his letters claimed, they each represented a people (an il) that constituted a legitimate Turkic or Timürid successor to the Mongols in particular regions of the Islamic world." Astarābādī described the Mughal Emperor Muhammad Shah as being "of the Turkmän tree and the scion of the Gürkânl (i.e. Timürid] family." A letter from Nädir to the Ottoman 1129 Sultan Mahmud I addressed Mahmüd as "the world-illuminating light of the Turkmän royal house.30 Avoiding any specific definitions of these ancestral Turkic ties, Nadir appealed to them as a way to reconnect disparate Muslim realms. In its audacity, Nadir's vision resembled Timür's grandiose plans. Both tried to invent the tradition of an imagined unity that had never actually existed, and could, in any case, only be implemented anyway by glossing over irreconcilable differences.
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  801. From the beginning the Turks were noted for their superior military qualities, which seem to have lain mainly in their use of mounted bowmen and the nomadic speed of their cavalry. From this time on the Caliphs relied to an increasing extent on Turkish troops and commanders, to the detriment of the older cultured peoples in Islam, the Arabs and the Persians. The progressive militarization of the regime increased their strength. By the eleventh century the Turks were entering the world of Islam, not only as individuals recruited by capture or purchase, but by the migration of whole tribes of free nomadic Turks still organized in their own traditional way. Lewis, B. (2002) Arabs in history. Oxford: Oxford University Press, p.160
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  802.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  Mamlūk authors almost always refer to their Sultanate as " the state of the Turks " ( dawlat al - atrāk dawlat al - turk/ al - dawla al - turkiyya ) . They usually seem to be aware of the fact that the reign of the “ Turks "
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  803.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  I meant Turkic Bahri Mamluks not Circassian Burjis. The ethnicity of the infantries doesn’t matter due to being cannon fodders. What matters is the identity, rulers, generals and cavalries. Although the Turks were like 1% of the population, they ruled this state and made the locals accept their Turkic identity.
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  804. 13:20🧢🧢🧢
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  805. " In its final centuries , the Byzantine Empire was also called " Romania . " Remnants of this Roman heritage are still evident in such terms as " Rum " and " Rumeli .
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  806.  @persianguy1524  the Bukhara emir Muzaffar (1860–85) surrounded himself with a retinue of Iranian slaves and maintained a brigade of them ‪History of Civilizations of Central Asia: Towards the contemporary period : from the mid-nineteenth to the end of the twentieth century‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ ‪Chahryar Adle‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ UNESCO, 1 Jan 2005 Throughout the 18th and much of the 19th century, the inhabitants of Khurāsān and Gurgān were exposed to relentless persecution by slavers from beyond the border, against whom little or no protection was to be had. The perpetrators of these atrocious activities were members of the Türkmen tribes living along Iran's extended, undelineated and largely defenceless northeast frontier. The tribes most frequently involved were the Göklen, the Tekke and the Yamūt. The raiders themselves retained very few of the Iranian slaves whom they captured, the ultimate destination of their human chattel being the flourishing slave-markets of Khiva, Bukhārā and other towns in the Uzbek country north of the Qara-Qum. The justification offered by the Sunni 'ulamā of Bukhārā for this enslavement of fellow-Muslims was the Shĩ'i heterodoxy of the Iranians. The number of Iranian victims of Türkmen slave-raiding, although unrecorded, must have been very great, and included persons of all ages and occupations, and of both sexes. ‪The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 7‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ ‪William Bayne Fisher, P. Avery, Ilya Gershevitch, Ehsan Yarshater, G. R. G. Hambly, C. Melville, John Andrew Boyle, Richard Nelson Frye, Peter Jackson, Laurence Lockhart‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ Cambridge University Press, 1968 - History - 1096 pages Enslavement of Iranians lasted until the mid-nineteenth century, when Russian and British sources spoke of some 10,000 Iranian slaves in Khiva and over 100,000 slaves in the Khivan, Bukharan and Turkmen territories. ‪After Oriental Despotism: Eurasian Growth in a Global Perspective‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ ‪Alessandro Stanziani‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ A&C Black, 31 Jul 2014 - History - 192 pages Khwarazm (Khiva) and Bukhara, for example, each housed populations of 30,000–60,000 mostly Iranian slaves during the nineteenth century ‪Slavery and Bonded Labor in Asia, 1250–1900‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ ‪BRILL, 11 Oct 2021 -‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ some Ottoman Christians or Jews owned Iranian slaves ‪From Slaves to Prisoners of War: The Ottoman Empire, Russia, and International Law‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ ‪Will Smiley‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ Oxford University Press, 21 Aug 2018 - History - 240 pages 0 Reviews slaves in Bukhara, to which we may add other 200,000 Iranian slaves ‪Bondage: Labor and Rights in Eurasia from the Sixteenth to the Early Twentieth Centuries‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ ‪Alessandro Stanziani‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ Berghahn Books, 2015 - History - 268 pages In September 1767 an Iranian (Acem) slave named Ali petitioned the court that his master Haffaf Hacı Mehmed of Ankara had threatened to sell him and his children and therefore would cause his family to be dis-united. Asking the protection of the authorities, Ali maintained that he had been serving his master for the previous thirty years. ‪From Slaves to Prisoners of War: The Ottoman Empire, Russia, and International Law‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ ‪Will Smiley‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ Oxford University Press, 21 Aug 2018 Among the inhabitants of Esfahān who were massacred by Timur , and whose heads were displayed in pyramids of skulls ‪The Judeo-Persian Poet 'Emrānī and his “Book of Treasure”: 'Emrānī's Ganj-Nāme, a Versified Commentary on the Mishnaic Tractate Abot. Edited, Translated and Annotated together with a Critical Study‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ ‪David Yeroushalmi‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ BRILL, 11 Oct 2021 - Religion Timur went on to cross the Kavkaz Mountains to suppress Georgia and then conquered Persian cities one after another on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea. He massacred his enemies (Persians) and built pyramids with their heads ‪The Silk Road Encyclopedia‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ ‪Seoul Selection , 18 Jul 2016 - Reference - 1086‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ Above all, with the Mongols, the general massacre of the population, or qatl- i 'amm, became the new norm. This happened at least once every century, at the hands of Čormaġun, Timur, Jahān-Šāh Qara-qoyunlu and Ismāſīl Safawi. We are "lucky" to have a very precise, first-hand account of the massacre or- dered by Timur in 790/1388, for fully understanding of what a qatl-i 'amm really meant: Ḥāfiz-i Abrū, who was with the Timurids, counted between 1,000 to 2,000 skulls in each of the 28 skull minarets on Eastern side of Isfahan. Cities of Medieval Iran BRILL The triumph of the Ghaznavids over the Samanids was sometimes viewed as a victory of the Turkic people over the Iranians. In a poem glorifying Mahmud of Ghazni, Badi' al-Zaman al-Hamadani (d.1007) wrote: “Bahram's sons are now slaves to Khagan's son” Besides these displaced and enslaved populations, others have also considered Persian-born women as captive sex slaves, not due to their legal status as such, but due to their restricted social as well as living conditions and because they were believed to have had primarily served for reproduction purposes Chardin, John. 1993. Chardin’s Travels in Persia. Translated by Eghbal Yaghmayi. Tehran: Toos Publication. I am a weak old Persian. If I were to go on the market (as a slave), no one would pay a florin to buy me. But you are a youthful Turk. If you were to go on. Part 2, by Ebū Bekr b. Behrām ed-Dimaşḳī
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  807.  @persianguy1524  Nāder tried to redefine religious and political legitimacy in Persia at symbolic and substantive levels. One of his first acts as shah was to introduce a four-peaked hat (implicitly honoring the first four “rightly-guided” Sunni caliphs), which became known as the kolāh-e Nāderi (EIr. X, p. 797, pl. CXIII), to replace the Qezelbāš turban cap (Qezelbāš tāj; EIr. X, p. 788, pl. C), which was pieced with twelve gores (evocative of the twelve Shiʿite Imams) Soon after his coronation, he sent an embassy to the Ottomans (Maḥmud I, r. 1730-54) carrying letters in which he explained his concept of the “Jaʿfari maḏhab” and recalled the common Turkmen origins of himself and the Ottomans as a basis for developing closer ties. Nāder departed substantially from Safavid precedent by redefining Shiʿism as the Jaʿfari maḏhab of Sunni Islam and promoting the common Turkmen descent of the contemporary Muslim rulers as a basis for international relations. Nāder’s focus on common Turkmen descent likewise was designed to establish a broad political framework that could tie him, more closely than his Safavid predecessors, to both Ottomans and Mughals. When describing Nāder’s coronation, Astarābādi called the assembly on the Moḡān steppe a quriltāy, evoking the practice of Mughal and Timurid conclaves that periodically met to select new khans. In various official documents, Nāder recalled how he, Ottomans, Uzbeks, and Mughals shared a common Turkmen heritage. This concept for him resembled, in broad terms, the origin myths of 15th century Anatolian Turkmen dynasties. However, since he also addressed the Mughal emperor as a “Turkmen” ruler, Nāder implicitly extended the word “Turkmen” to refer, not only to progeny of the twenty-four Ḡozz tribes, but to Timur’s descendants as well. Nāder’s novel concepts regarding the Jaʿfari maḏhab and common “Turkmen” descent were directed primarily at the Ottomans and Mughals. He may have perceived a need to unite disparate components of the omma against the expanding power of Europe at that time, however different his view of Muslim unity was from later concepts of it. The peace treaty restored control of India to Moḥammad Šāh under Nāder’s distant suzerainty; it proclaimed M oḥammad Šāh’s legitimacy, citing the Turkmen lineage that he shared with Nāder (Astarābādi, p. 327). The agreement recognized the shared Turkmen lineage and ostensibly proclaimed the conversion of Iran to Sunnism. Yet the necessity to guarantee the safety of pilgrims to the Shiʿite shrines (ʿatabāt-e ʿāliya) in Iraq reveals the formal character of this concession. The treaty was signed in September 1746 in Kordān, northwest of Tehran. It made possible the official Ottoman recognition of Nāder’s rule, and the sultan dispatched an embassy with a huge assortment of gifts in the spring of 1747, although the shah did not live to receive it. From Iranica online
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  808. Those arts are amazing😂
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  809. Not last. Naiman Khanate was last one.
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  810.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  623 years Three continents 70-80 different ethnicities 600 years superpower
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  811. Germanic peoples vs Roman Empire under the Hellenic Angelos dynasty
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  812. 0:29 Gutian KURDISH Empire🤓
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  813. The South Slavic tribal groups moved south and southwest from their Pripet homeland, eventually entering the Byzantine-controlled Balkan Peninsula as either allies of or refugees from the invading Turkic Avars during the second half of the sixth century. Their search for a new, permanent homeland proved successful. Today their descendants solidly inhabit virtually all of the northwestern, central, and southeastern regions of the Balkans. Turks comprise a third ethnic component of the Balkan population. Although today numerically small-a little over 1 million people (about 2 percent of the total population) they have played a role in shaping the history of the Balkans far beyond their numbers. In late antiquity the rolling plains of the Danube and Prut rivers in the Balkans' northeast served Turkic tribes from the Eurasian steppes as an open door into the heart of the peninsula and the riches of the Eastern Roman Empire. Huns and related tribes swept through the Balkans in the fifth and sixth centuries, followed by the Avars and their allies in the sixth and seventh. Among these latter were the Bulgars, who established a state south of the Danube. Unlike the Avars, whose settlements in the Balkans proved transitory, the Bulgar state persisted in the face of concerted Byzantine pressures. By the ninth century the Bulgars were challenging the Byzantine Empire for political hegemony in the Balkans, but by that time they also were well on the way toward ethnic assimilation into their Slavic-speaking subject population. The conversion of the Turkic Bulgar ruling elite to Orthodox Chris-tianity at midcentury opened the gate to their rapid and total Slavic assimilation. Within a hundred years of the Bulgar conversion, most traces of their Turkic origins had disappeared, except for their name-the Bulgars had been transformed into Slavic Bulgarians Oğuz, Pecheneg, and Cuman Turkic tribes appeared in the Balkans between the ninth and eleventh centuries. Most of them eventually suffered an ethnic fate similar to the Bulgars and left little lasting impression, although the Gagauz Turks of Bessarabia, a region lying east of the Prut River (now known as Moldova), and some Turks living today in the eastern Balkans may be direct ethnic descendants of those medieval Turkic interlopers. Additionally, the Ottoman Turks' five-century rule over most of the Balkans established numerous scattered enclaves of Turkish- speaking groups throughout much of the southern portion of the peninsula, with a heavy concentration in the southeastern region of ancient Thrace.
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  814. Cringe Union
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  815. Almost All Crusader states got destroyed by Turks County of Edessa->Nuraddin Zangi County of Antioch->Baibars County of Jaffa and Ascalon->Baibars Lordship of Sidon->Baibars County of Tripoli->Al Mansur Qalawun Lordship of Tyre->Al Ashraf Khalil Kingdom of Jerusalem->Al Ashraf Khalil
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  816. johny 56 he is Turk
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  817. "History of the Suí dinasty", chapter 84: The superiority of the Göktürks is in their cavalry and archers. When they are in a winning position, they advance with fury; but when danger comes, they withdraw with the speed of the wind, and disappear like lightning, without preserving order. Bows and arrows serve them as claws and fangs. Helmet and cuirass are their usual attire. Their detachments do not go in order, their camps do not stand still. They stop wherever they find grass and water; rams and horses provide food for their army. If they win, they stop and seek the wealth of the enemy; if they are defeated, they withdraw without any shame. They do not burden themselves with night duty, nor do they keep watch during the day; they do not waste their strength in building fortifications, or in storing provisions. But when Chinese soldiers go to war, they [Göktürks] behave very differently. If the Chinese enter the battle with the Göktürks, they [Chinese] rarely win. If we begin to imitate them now, if we adapt to their means, they will not be able to overcome us, and they will not attack us again. – Emperor Yang of Suí
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  818. Turkish power👊👊👊
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  819. 25% Celtic 75% Germanic
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  820. Ottoman Empire > all Hellenic empires in history THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot."
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  821. Germans vs Germans :D
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  822. Gigachad language family❤
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  823. 😂😂😂😂😂😂
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  824.  @hanzaedits7842  Romans and Eastern Romans 🤔
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  825.  @mariano98ify  623 years Three continents 70-80 different ethnicities 600 years superpower
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  826. 0:21 🫠🫠🫠
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  827. Altay Dağları❤❤❤
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  828. Make video about Preveza 👀
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  829. 🤨
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  830. MÜQ ANİMASYON ❤️
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  831. In fact, Turks spreaded rather than Mongols with this state 😅 Turkification of Central Asia and West Asia was completely completed with the invasions of Genghis Khan. And it should not be forgotten that 75% of the Turks have their own state, while 75% of the Mongols live under the Chinese rule.
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  832. Scholars say otherwise lol even Tiele and Kyrgyz Turks existed in BC 😅😅😅
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  833. Happy Japonic noises Crying Koreanic noises
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  834. John Cena is proud Albanian
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  835. Hate both from Turkey
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  836. The Turks were considered as the best warriors due to their horsemanship and skill in archery. Kaushik Roy., n.d. Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400-1750: Cavalry, Guns, Government and Ships (Bloomsbury Studies in Military History). p.24. While there is much more than this to the Turks, it is true that Turks rank among history's great empire-builders and rulers. Under the Ottomans they conquered vast territories in the Balkans and the Middle East and ruled for six hundred years. Turkey Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments pp.30
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  837. No amount of reason will shake modern Greek faith in the Hellenic ethnicity of the ancient Macedonians and their kings. It is more than a political prefer ence: many Greeks see it as a necessity, despite the inconclusive ancient evidence on the nationality of the Macedonians. But recent scholarship has begun to provide a response to old Greek arguments. There is an insufficient amount of evidence-the existence of Greek inscriptions in the kingdom of the Macedonians notwithstand ing-to know what the native language or dialect was. E.g., several dialects of Greek were used in ancient Macedonia, but what was the Macedonian dialect? The evidence of ancient writers suggests that Greek and Macedonian were mutually unintelligible languages in the court of Alexander the Great. Moreover, if contemporary or his torical opinion from antiquity means anything, the ancient world from the fourth century B.C. into the early Hellenistic period-roughly the age of Philip and Alexan der-believed that the Greeks and Macedonians were different peoples. None of which, incidentally, denies that the Macedonians, at least in their court and gentry, were quite highly hellenized, as recent archaeology has clearly shown. See E. Badian, "Greeks and Macedonians," Macedonia and Greece in Late Classical and Early Hellenis tic Times, Studies in the History of Art 10, ed. B. Barr-Sharrar and E. N. Borza (Wash ington, D.C., 1982). 33-51: Eugene N. Borza, In the Shadow of Olympus: The Emergence of Macedon, rev. ed. (Princeton, 1992), ch. 4 and pp. 305-6; id., "Athenians, Mace donians, and the Origins of the Macedonian Royal House," in Studies in Attic Epigra phy, History, and Topography Presented to Eugene Vanderpool, Hesperia suppl. 19 (1982). 713: id., "Ethnicity and Cultural Policy at Alexander's Court." AncW 23 (1992): 1999. The eye expanded. Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press, p.263.
    8
  838. Support Ukraine from Turkey
    8
  839. Poland🇵🇱❤️🇹🇷Turkey
    8
  840. What these questions have to do with Turkish media?
    8
  841. Cringe family
    8
  842. Atilla GokTurk Haritada 685 yılında görülen Bulgaria(Birinci Bulgar İmparatorluğu) Günümüzün Bulgarları değil Oğur kavminden olan Bolgarlardır Tengriye inanır ve Oğur Türkçesi olan Ön Bulgarca konuşurlardı sonra hristiyan oldular yönettikleri halk slavdı
    8
  843. Eyup Bakır Kaynak bijihewalkürdler com🤣🤣🤣 Yaz internete Commagene empire aptal olma
    8
  844. Continuation of Zengids
    8
  845. Tocharian Kushan Empire conquered Saka territories
    8
  846. Arab dominance did not, however, continue in the political sphere, and one may describe the premodern history of Islam as falling into three periods of political regime. Until the tenth cen- tury, most regions of Islamdom were under the rule of Arabs; in the 10th and 11th centuries, many regions came under the rule of Persians; and from the 11th until the 19th century, almost all areas of the Muslim world were ruled by ethnic Turks or Mongols, whose dominance continued in the Middle East until World War I and the abolishment of the Ottoman Empire in 1924. For nearly a millennium in the Persianate world, the upper echelons of society were seen as divided along ethnic lines into Turks, who constituted the military and ruling class, and Tajiks, Persians, or non-Turks, who were the administrators, accountants, tax-collectors, and land owners. The division was viewed as natural and not unfair because Turks and Mongols were considered ethnically suited to military exploits because of their sturdiness, fierce nature, ability to endure hardship, and superior skills in horsemanship and archery. Even in contexts where Turks did not make up the bulk of the military, rul- ers often used troops belonging to foreign ethnic groups because of their military skills, internal solidarity, lack of attachment to the local populace, and direct allegiance to the ruler. The Fatimids in Egypt (969-1171) employed both troops who belonged to the Berber Kutama tribal confederation from North Africa and "Suda- nese" troops from sub-Saharan Africa. The 14th-century historian Ibn Khaldun argued, reflecting primarily on the Berber dynasties of North Africa, that there was a strong relationship between the life of political regimes and ethnic groups. Tribal groups from outside settled regions have much stronger ethnic solidarity than settled peoples, and this enabled them to work as efficient military units, conquering territories and establishing new dynasties. The settled life of the conquerors, however, corrupted them and made them lose their ethnic solidarity in just a few generations, and this made them vulnerable to new tribal invaders.
    8
  847. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
    8
  848. There were 4 nations which have managed to defeat the 1200's Mongols in war ; Javanese (Majapahit), Turks (Khalji & Bahri Mamluks), Japanese, Vietnamese (Dai Viet). Mongols of the first half of the 13th century however were unstoppable
    8
  849. Ottomans conquered Cyprus from Venetians, Venetians took from Crusaders, Crusaders took from Romans… Where were Greeks lol🤣
    8
  850. Source = Bulgarian school toilets
    8
  851. Hate both from Turkey
    8
  852. Uyghurs❤️❤️❤️
    8
  853. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
    8
  854.  @nenenindonu  Turks were even known as “Fort Comme un Turc” that means Strong like a Turk by French people, whereas Spaniards weren’t
    8
  855.  @Letnistonwandif  Turks played major role in Mongol Invasions when your ancestors were only rulers of tiny kingdoms at that time Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
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  856.  @Letnistonwandif  Etre fort comme un Turc" This expression dates from the 15th century. It refers to the period of the Ottoman Empire when the Turks won many conquests by their strength and cruelty, they were merciless. The Turk therefore represented at the time the supreme enemy, the unbeatable.
    8
  857. Turkey 🇹🇷
    8
  858. O katliamlar irani soğdlara yapıldı etnik Türklere değil
    8
  859. Homa Katouzian, "Iranian history and politics", Published by Routledge, 2003. p. 128: "Indeed, since the formation of the Ghaznavids state in the tenth century until the fall of Qajars at the beginning of the twentieth century, most parts of the Iranian cultural regions were ruled by Turkic-speaking dynasties most of the time.
    7
  860. In history, “Turkish people” are famous for their strength, there is even a French expression referring to it: Il est fort comme un Turc = He is strong as a Turkish.
    7
  861. Turkish-Turkoman War*
    7
  862. Haplogroup R is also originally from Buryatia just like Q.
    7
  863. Selim the Grim 👀
    7
  864.  @flawyerlawyertv7454  Some Greeks who remained in the East , like the chronicler Kritovoulos , saw Mehmed II as a great ruler and military genius .
    7
  865. Bro pan greek kid Vangelis Skia is coming to cope🤣
    7
  866. Mamluks refer to the dynasty as the State of the Turks (Arabic: دولة الاتراك‎, Dawlat al-Atrāk; دولة الترك, Dawlat al-Turk) or State of Turkey (الدولة التركية, al-Dawla al-Turkiyya).[16][17][15]
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  867. Tek kelimeyle MÜQ
    7
  868.  Letnistonwandif ​​⁠ Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222 The earliest reference to the Mongols classifies them as a Tang dynasty tribe of Shiwei during the eighth century. It was only after the fall of the Liao dynasty in 1125 that they became an important tribe on the Central Asian steppe, but tribal wars weakened their power over the ensuing century. During the thirteenth century, the term Mongol was used to refer to the Mongolic and Turkic tribes who fell under the control of Genghis Khan. The Mongols are primarily a shamanist society; their central deity is the sky god Tenger. Native Peoples of the World: An Encyclopedia of Groups, Cultures and Contemporary Issues By Steven L. Danver, p.225 When Temüjin was a boy, the center of the steppe world was the Orkhon Valley, the old imperial site of the Türks. The valley was dominated by the Kereit. To the west, on the upper Irtysh River, lay Naiman territory. The Kereit and Naiman, not the Mongols, were masters of the steppe. The Kereit and Naiman elites spoke Turkic and had partially converted to Christianity under the influence of the Nestorian Church. In an effort to out do each other, To'oril of the Kereit and Tayang Qan of the Naiman accumulated men, weapons, alliances, and prestige. Yesügei Ba'atur sided with the Kereit. Later Chinggis Khan would subdue the Kereit and the Naiman in the course of a protracted effort to defeat all challengers among the steppe peoples. The Horde How the Mongols Changed the World Marie Favereau, p.32-33
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  869. 😂😂😂
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  870. Armenians got ruled by foreigners in big part of history while Turks of Azerbaijan ruled themselves unlike Armenians
    7
  871. Turkic rule in Ukraine is actually way longer than Slavic rule in Ukraine. Turkic empires ruled Ukraine 1000+ years Hunnic Empire, Onogurs, Utigurs, Kutrigurs, Saragurs, Avar Khaganate, Old Great Bulgaria, First Bulgarian Empire, Khazar Empire, Pecheneg Khanate, Cumania, Golden Horde aka Kipchak Khanate, Crimean Khanate, Ottoman Empire and others while Slavic rule on Ukraine is not even 500 years old Cossack Hetmanate, Tsardom of Russia, Russian Empire, Soviet Union and Russia/Ukraine
    7
  872. Plevne March :-)
    7
  873. Altaic language theory is not true according to most of modern scholars
    7
  874. Studies in both Greece and Cyprus are included in this chapter. Standard Greek is the language spoken throughout Greece at home, with minor dialectic variation, and the sole language of administration and education. In contrast, in Cyprus the home language is Cypriot Greek, a dialect with no standardized or written form, but the language of administration and education is very similar to standard Greek, in a situation of diglossia (Hadjioannou, Tsiplakou & Kappler, 2011). There are differences between standard and Cypriot Greek in most linguistic domains, and the two dialects are not entirely mutually intelligible (see discussion and references in Arvaniti, 2006, 2010). Although many phonological awareness tasks may be largely equivalent when used in Greece and Cyprus, it might be kept in mind that Cypriot children are taught and tested in a nonnative linguistic system. Saiegh-Haddad, E. (2017). Learning to Read Arabic. In L. Verhoeven & C. Perfetti (Eds.), Learning to Read across Languages and Writing Systems (pp. 183). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Cypriot Greek, which has a certain amount of regional variation, is markedly different from Standard Greek not only for historical reasons but also because of geographical isolation, different settlement patterns, and extensive contact with typologically distinct languages. The syntax of Cypriot Greek is almost identical with that of Standard Greek, but there are differences in morphol ogy and considerable differences in lexicon and phonology (Papapavlou 1994). The main phonological differences include the presence in Cypriot of palato-alveolar affri cates, and of geminate consonants, includ ing in word-initial position (Newton 1972). Although the differences in syntax, mor phology and phonology are not enormous, the Cypriot dialect and Standard Greek are not particularly readily intelligible (Papa pavlou 1994), probably mostly because the lexicon of Cypriot has significantly more. lexical items of non-Greek origin (Chat zioyannou 1936). Ammon, U., Dittmar, N., Mattheier, K. and Trudgill, P., n.d. Sociolinguistics/ Soziolinguistik. Volume 3. p.1886.
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  875. Turks literally created the best islami history of all time compare to other ethno-linguistic groups
    7
  876. 🇹🇷
    7
  877. Greeks are immigrants not native anatolians
    7
  878.  @Orgil.  Timur's family, the Barlas, belonged to the clan of the Kurikan (or Kureken) a Turkish clan mentioned in one of the old Turkish inscriptions of A.D. 733 (see above vol. iv. p. 540). Thus Timur was a Turk not a Mongol.
    7
  879. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
    7
  880. There is no such thing as Greek side of Roman Empire. Romans were Romans it doesn’t matter if they were Latin or Greek speaking.
    7
  881. Algeria from Turkey
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  882. Love Inuit peoples from Turkiye❤
    7
  883. Studies in both Greece and Cyprus are included in this chapter. Standard Greek is the language spoken throughout Greece at home, with minor dialectic variation, and the sole language of administration and education. In contrast, in Cyprus the home language is Cypriot Greek, a dialect with no standardized or written form, but the language of administration and education is very similar to standard Greek, in a situation of diglossia (Hadjioannou, Tsiplakou & Kappler, 2011). There are differences between standard and Cypriot Greek in most linguistic domains, and the two dialects are not entirely mutually intelligible (see discussion and references in Arvaniti, 2006, 2010). Although many phonological awareness tasks may be largely equivalent when used in Greece and Cyprus, it might be kept in mind that Cypriot children are taught and tested in a nonnative linguistic system. Saiegh-Haddad, E. (2017). Learning to Read Arabic. In L. Verhoeven & C. Perfetti (Eds.), Learning to Read across Languages and Writing Systems (pp. 183). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    7
  884.  @najabs123  Somalis speak Cushitic as mother tongue
    7
  885. Bulgars used the title of khan according to Harvard kiddo
    7
  886. Rahat bırakın la yavru vatanımızı
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  887. Safavid Turks 😍😍😍
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  888. https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/time-in-early-modern-islam/safavid-mughal-and-ottoman-empires/9D55F0A0262017473EC8A9A7ED86C508/core-reader The three Islamic empires of the early modern period – the Mughal, the Safavid, and the Ottoman – shared a common Turko-Mongolian heritage. In all three the ruling dynasty was Islamic, the economic system was agrarian, and the military forces were paid in grants of land revenue. Despite these similarities, however, significant differences remained. And, to fully appreciate the individual temporal systems, a brief description of the political, economic, religious, and cultural conditions in each state is necessary. Within the confines of a single chapter, however, it is not possible to review all of the literature and settle all of the controversies. As a result, the brief overview that follows depends, for the most part, on the most recent general histories and surveys.
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  889. Based
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  890. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
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  891. You simply can’t, Even Persian dialects themselves aren’t 85% mutually intelligible
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  892. In a strictly historical sense, however, it is most frequently used for the Turkic (mainly Kipchak) tribes who constituted the bulk of the Mongol army that invaded Russia in the early thirteenth century.
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  893. Turks vs Crusaders
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  894. Tüm bilgilerimiz onların elinde demek ki :/
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  895. Best Indic Empire though
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  896. Cringe Union
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  897. Love Pakistan from Turkey🇹🇷❤️🇵🇰
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  898. Turkey❤️
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  899. Ibn Fadlan called Almysh "king of Saqaliba," a title that has caused much scholarly discussion, since Saqaliba, in Arabic sources, is also the name used for Slavs. In reality, ibn Fadlan's terminology is GENERIC: Saqaliba were people of Eastern Europe in GENERAL, since he knew that Almysh called himself "king of the Bulghars" (Journey, p. 46). For the most recent salvo in this debate, see Zhikh, "Arabskaia tradiciia" and Galkina, "K interpretacii." Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages (500-1300), Florin Curta, p.147
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  900. Sad Ottoman noises😢
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  901. Muay Thai Power
    7
  902.  @AltaicGigachad  i love reading hate speechs and copiums :D
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  903. Eastern Romans were referred to as the Roman Empire (Rum) in all Turkic and Arabic sources. Medieval Turks and Arabs knew that they had nothing to do with Hellenic peoples. Even this is enough to refute the nonsense invented by the ultra-nationalist Greeks to portray the state as Greek. The Greeks often resort to such lies to hide that they have always been ruled by others throughout history. And also, the Roman Empire was a single state, a state called eastern rome or byzantine is not mentioned in historical documents. “Imperum Romanum” is always the official name of the state. (Not Imperium Grecum ;) ) Also, the Greeks are trying to steal not only the late Roman empire, but even the Pontus kingdom, which has nothing to do with them 🤣 The Romans really put an end to Hellenism and made you a "nothing" in history.
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  904. Every day becomes night
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  905. Is it same as described in the Barbarians series?
    7
  906. Olan bize oluyor valla :(((
    7
  907. 😂😂😂
    7
  908. It is possible, proto-Dravidic was related to Elamite and Sumerian languages
    7
  909. Ottochad Empire🌝
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  910. 🤓🍼🍼
    7
  911. Will you make a video about Zengids?
    7
  912. Hungarian monarch was of Turkish origin,Arpad was an Onogur Turk
    7
  913. Five hundred years of Ottoman rule (or “the Turkish yoke” as commonly heard in Bulgaria), which ended with the Russian-Ottoman war, have intensely marked the Bulgarian consciousness. Forte, M., n.d. Force multipliers. p.151.
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  914. Turkic Conqueror❤
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  915. Atam😍😍😍
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  916. When Aztec is mentioned, the first thing that comes to my mind is the zuma game 😅
    7
  917. Baştakiler gitmezse 20-30 yıl erken öleceğiz
    7
  918. The Macedonians were anxious to assert their Greekness (the Athenian orator Demosthenes called them barbarians), but their own language (apparently unintelligible to other Greeks) lacked the cultural prestige to match their imperial ambitions. New Testament Greek: A Reader (Reading Greek) by Joint Association of Classical Teachers (Author) pp.204
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  919. The Volga Bulgars, a Turkish tribe then living on the east bank of the Volga River, ... the laws of Islam to the Bulgars, who had recently converted to the religion. http://www.bookrags.com/research/ahmad-ibn-fadlan-ued/#gsc.tab=0
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  920. Bulgarian academy is toilet academy according to world historians🤣🤣🤣
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  921. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, shaping the history of Balkans, Islamization of Northern India, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
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  922. Hazara bu :)
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  923. Ottomans were Oghuz Turks as historical records say but it is not clear if they were from kayi tribe or not
    7
  924. 5:46 🐸
    7
  925.  @gilpaubelid3780  Vakatzes dynasty was of Hellenic origin just like Komnenos dynasty that’s why lmao
    7
  926. Top 5 Admirals in history: 1-Hayreddin Barbarossa 2-Yi Sun Sin 3-Zheng He 4-Nelson 5-De Ruyter
    7
  927. 5:56 Turks 😎
    7
  928. The Battle of Manzikert paved way for the Turkification of Anatolia which laid the seeds of the Ottoman empire which conquered Constantinople ending Rome and triggering the Age of Discovery which shaped much of the modern world,... A battle can only be this impactful
    7
  929. The greatest success of the Turks, their history as administrators,has been little appreciated in the West. For six hundred years the Ottoman Empire ruled successfully over a great land, an imperial record that can stand with that of Romans. The Ottomans created an empire of unique toleration, where many peoples and religions kept their own traditions at a time when religious persecution was the rule elsewhere. It was an empire of laws, held together by rules as much as by the personality of the sultan. It is no accident that the great sultan Süleyman, known to the West as The Magnificent, was known to the Turks as The Lawgiver, asign of his and the Empire's true success. If the achievements of the Turks in politics and law are littleknown in America, those in the humanities are even less so. Yet Turkish music, art, architecture, and poetry were the crowning glories, coming as they do from a different cultural tradition. The beauty of Turkish poetry may only be fully appreciated in Turkish and Turkish classical music may not perfectly match whatis expected by Western ears, but the beauty of Turkish art caneasily be seen. The grace of Turkish calligraphy, the colors of Turkish miniature paintings, and the geometric forms of Turkishporcelain tiles are known to be high art by anyone who has seenthem. The great mosques of Istanbul, especially Sinan's Süleymaniye Mosque, rival any buildings in the world. The accomplishments of modern Turkey have been in a different context. The task of the modern Turks was to create a democratic,independent society. In a time of imperialism, Turkey was oneof the few nations to keep its independence, despite great odds against it. Turkey was almost unique outside of Western Europeand North America in its sustained drive to gain democracy. Firs tnoted under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk for its campaign to educateand develop its people to live in the modern world. Turkey now is an economic success and a multiparty democracy. It is one of the few countries of its region that have significantly raised itself up economically, without oil revenues to depend on. Muchremains to be done, but the success is notable. Today, Turkey is a bridge between the Middle East and the West,as well as a bridge between the West and the newly freed lands of Central Asia. It is a state whose people are overwhelmingly Muslim, yet also a state that is thoroughly secular in its lawsand government. The great tradition of Islam is not forgotten,nor is the tradition of western philosophy, government, and technology.
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  930. 🇹🇷
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  931. Uzun Hasan iri yarı olmasına rağmen Avrupa’da küçük Türk olarak biliniyordu😅 kendisinden epey kısa olan Fatih ise büyük Türk…
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  932. About this period, I asked my father to tell me the history of our family from the time of Yafet Aghlan, which he did, nearly in the following manner: " It is written in the Turkish history, that we are descended from Yafet Aghlan, commonly called (Abu al Atrak) Father of the Turks, son of (the Patriarch,) Japhet, he was the first monarch of the Turks: when his fifth son Aljeh Khan ascended the throne, the all gracious God bestowed on him twin sons, one of which was called Tatar, the other Moghul Timur. (2013). CHAPTER III. In C. Stewart (Trans.), The Mulfuzat Timury, or, Autobiographical Memoirs of the Moghul Emperor Timur: Written in the Jagtay Turky Language (Cambridge Library Collection - Perspectives from the Royal Asiatic Society, pp. 27-31). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139507325.015 Tīmūr’s identity as a Turk was not lim- ited only to his understanding of himself, his skills, and his heritage. All the people that he encountered, whether in the marketplace or at the royal palace, immediately recognized him as a Türk-bacha , a Turk-boy, presumably for his attire and perhaps for his looks. Possibly, he represented to them an arche- typal nomad. Whatever the reason, they still found it the most convenient and intuitive manner to address him, not knowing his name. Sela, R. (2011). Youth. In The Legendary Biographies of Tamerlane: Islam and Heroic Apocrypha in Central Asia(Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization, pp. 76-91). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511977343.006 After Sultan Shahab Uddin Ghori's time, Sultan Kotb Uddin Ibek, Sultan Shams Uddin Ilatmish, Sultan Ala Uddin Ghori, Emir Timar, and others beside them, who all were Turkish Sultans, to the time of Sultan Behlol Afghan, filled, in turns, the throne of Dehli, and were absolute monarchs of the time. Nimat Allah, H. (2013). ANNOTATIONS ON PART THE FIRST. In B. Dorn (Trans.), History of the Afghans: Translated from the Persian of Neamet Ullah (Cambridge Library Collection - Perspectives from the Royal Asiatic Society, pp. 255-314). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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  933. Long live Ottoman Empire and Turkiye🇹🇷 Best Muslim Empire in history and one of the best empires in history.
    7
  934. The Ottomans treated the Jews very well.
    7
  935.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  5 indeed
    7
  936. Anyone who supports Trump has serious mental problems.
    7
  937. Pls make video about Turkic languages
    7
  938.  @CheLanguages  Everyone in Balkan history had war crimes, an undisputable fact👀
    7
  939. 10:00 There were no Mongolic people in Europe in that time only Turkic origin
    7
  940. Ibn Fadlan served as the group's religious advisor, a crucial role: among the purposes of their mission was to explain Islamic Law to the recently converted Bulgar peoples, a Turkish tribe living on the eastern bank of the Volga River. (These were the Volga Bulgars; another group of Bulgars had moved westward in the sixth century, invading the country that today bears their name, and became Christians.) https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ahmad-ibn-fadlan As subjects of the Volga Bolgars and Kazan Tatars, medieval Mari tribes experienced cultural and linguistic influences mainly from their Turkic neighbors. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/mari-el-and-mari
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  941. Ottomans❤
    7
  942. They weren’t most badass
    7
  943. Similarly, many Turkish-speaking Ottoman soldiers, most notably the Janissaries, were not Turks by birth but natives of the Balkans. Winter, M. (1998). Ottoman Egypt, 1525–1609. In M. Daly (Ed.), The Cambridge History of Egypt (The Cambridge History of Egypt, pp. 1-33). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. One specific aspect of the Ottoman army that developed in the era of imperial expansion, and that came to be seen as a source of structural weakness in the decline narrative, was the incorporation of mamluks. The practice of taking boys or young men as military slaves, or mamluks, was a widespread strategy for building armed forces in the region before Ottoman expansion, and it became a central component of the Empire's military structures in both Istanbul and the outer provinces. James Waterson (2007) provides an overview of Ottoman Mamluk policy beginning in the late fourteenth century with the recruitment of Christian boys taken prisoner during wars of expansion in the Caucuses. Some were directed into the Janissaries, an elite and highly unified force. Their training involved conversion to Islam and learning Turkish-thus contributing to the establishment of an Islamic and Turkish-speaking core of Ottoman culture and they were provided with generous salaries and pensions. The result was a new class of elite subjects culled from a Christian minority and devoted to the Ottoman sultan. As time went on, the Janissaries gained political power, which they used to oppose military reforms that might threaten their position: they remained a dominant force in the military until Sultan Mahmud II managed to put down a Janissary uprising (with enormous amounts of bloodshed) and abolish the corps in 1826. 2020. ROUTLEDGE HISTORY OF GLOBAL WAR AND SOCIETY. [S.l.]: ROUTLEDGE.
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  944. Müq video :-D
    7
  945. Turkic and Jewish genealogical myths recorded by King Joseph and Sefer Yosippon identified Khazar as the "brother" of other Turkic tribes like the Bulgars and Sabirs (see below). Syriac legends said that the ancestor of the Khazars was named "Khazarig," the brother of "Bulgarios." Most scholars believe that these legends have a historical basis and that the Khazars were indeed closely related to Turkic tribes such as the Bulgars and Bashkirs.
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  946. It is interesting to note that the modern Ossetian language shows a much higher degree of loanwords from Turkic than from neighboring Caucasian languages (Nakh, Adyghe, Kartvelian).32
    7
  947. Altaic languages is just geographical term such as Caucasian languages. I mean they have no common origin.
    7
  948. Mongolic peoples and Para-Mongolic peoples are ethno-linguistic groups that means a group unified by both common language and ethnicity such as Slavic, Baltic, Turkic, Hellenic, Tai and others
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  949. In the light of the above outline, is it proper to think of the Ayyubid confederation as a specifically “Kurdish” state? On the level of political structure, the governing attitudes of the Ayyubid confederation can certainly be related to the political institutions of their original homeland. On the other hand, these institutions do not differ significantly from the underlying structures of contemporary Turkish states, and in many ways the Ayyubids can be understood simply as a successor kingdom to the Saljuqs.
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  950. Yarısını anlıyorum ama yine de izlemesi güzel :D
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  951. In short, it is hard to think of any other ethnolinguistic entity in history that conquered so vast a territory and founded so many empires and states, also contributing to world civilizations. The history of the Turkic peoples was an important factor in world history for more than a millennium until the emergence of Europe as the world's dominant power. What happened in the Turkic world often affected the history of China, Central Asia, the Middle East, South Asia, and Europe. One may also argue that world history began with the "Turko-Mongol" empire created by Chinggis Khan. In the contemporary world, Turkic-speaking nations form six states (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, and Turkey/Türkiye) and several "autonomous" units in Russia (the republics of Chuvash, Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Altai, Khakassia, Tuva, and Sakha) and China (the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). Turkic peoples also reside as minority groups in several other countries, including Mongolia and Iran, among others. It would therefore be difficult to acquire a comprehensive understanding of world history as well as our present world without studying the history of the Turkic peoples.
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  952. Ottomans in Philippines???
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  953. Mullahia
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  954. Germanic civil war =P
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  955. Irān-e Bozorg Ērānšahr The origins of the Safavid Dynasty can be traced to the members of a ruling Turkish family who were natives of Ardabil. Ancient History:From the First Civilizations to the Renaissance(Oxford University Press)-Page 644
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  956. The Khazars were as powerful as the Byzantine Empire, which they befriended in the 10th century and who wanted to use them as allies in the struggle against the equally powerful Arabs of the Muslim Caliphate. Khazaria lasted for about five hundred years. It is believed that without the Khazars, Europe (or at least a sizable part of that continent) would have been completely Islamic. Arthur Koestler says in The Thirteenth Tribe: “As Charles Martel's France saved Gaul and Western Europe, so the Khazars saved the eastern approaches to the Volga, the Danube, and the East Roman Empire Itself.” (P. 30).
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  957. Bunu Söylemek için çok erken de bir 50-100 yıl sonra Çin daha güçlü olacak muhtemelen
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  958. The Qajars were very good people.
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  959. King Levon VI Lusignan The Shah-Armens,[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] also called the Kings of Armenia or Rulers of Ahlat (Turkish: Ahlatşahlar Beyliği), were the 11th- and 12th-century Turcoman rulers of an Anatolian beylik founded after the Battle of Manzikert (1071) and centred in Ahlat on the northwestern shore of the Lake Van. This region comprised most of Bitlis and Van provinces and parts of Batman, Muş, Siirt and Diyarbakır. The dynasty is sometimes also called Sökmenli in reference to the founder of the principality, Sökmen el-Kutbî, literally "Sökmen the Slave", one of the commanders of the Great Seljuq Alp Arslan. The Ahlatshah Sökmenli should not be confused with the Artuqid branch of Sökmenli, which ruled in Hasankeyf during approximately the same period. History of Armenia
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  960.  @sakogekchyan7366  Armenians themselves are invaders of Hurro-Urartian lands lol
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  961. Love this Empire ❤️
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  962. 🤨
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  963. Thx turkic bro
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  964. History of Turkic peoples pls
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  965. Seljuk Series Pls
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  966.  @CheLanguages  How about extinct ones Bulgar, Naiman and Öngüt🌝
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  967. fort comme un turc [adj] très fort ; vigoureux ; robuste ; costaud Origin and definition Today, a Turk is just another human being. And even if there are Turks who hold world records in weightlifting, nothing seems to justify calling a Turk more strong than a Greek, a Monegasque or a Chinese. But we must not forget the history of Turkey. Before this country became what it is today, there was the Ottoman Empire built by a people of warriors through conquests in Europe, Africa and Asia. These Turkish or Ottoman fighters impressed by their strength, their courage and also their brutality, their cruelty. Thus in the 17th and 18th centuries, the Turk symbolized the unbeliever, the brutal enemy. It was also said of someone who was rude and ruthless that he was "a real Turk" and to treat someone "Turkish" was to treat him unceremoniously. The expression originated in the mid-15th century, shortly after the capture of Constantinople (ancient Byzantium and present-day Istanbul) by the troops of Sultan Mehmet II in 1453. Examples “I have two, sir, who, without vanity, could be presented to the pope, especially my eldest, who is a pretty bit of a girl. I am raising her to be a countess, although her mother does not want it. How old is she, sir, this future countess? But she is approaching fifteen years old: already that is a fathom taller for you, nice, fresh as an April morning, agile, uncoupled, sprightly, and above all strong as a Turk. Devil ! these are good dispositions for being a countess. Oh ! her mother may say so, she will be. » Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra - Don Quixote of La Mancha
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  968. Baseddd
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  969.  @brightburnedits4278  British is part of Germanic history and Russian is part. Of Slavic history😂
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  970. The Azerbaijanis derive in part from a heritage of Turkic rule over Iran, during most of the past 1,000 years. Iran adopted the Shi'a version of Islam under the rule of the Safavid Azerbaijani Turks beginning in 1500. The Turkic Qajar Dynasty (1779–1924) controlled all of present-day Iran and extensive territory in the Caucasus and Central Asia. When Colonel Reza Khan Pahlavi overthrew the Qajars, he promoted Persian language, culture, and identity at the expense of Azeri Turkish. Zartman, J.K. (2020) Conflict in the modern middle east: An encyclopedia of Civil War, Revolutions, and regime change. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. p.136
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  971. Ottoman Empire❤️❤️😍😍😍😍
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  972.  @skullsforerlikkhansthrone9306  bulgarian historians🤣🤣🤣😂😂😂😂 very big comedy %100 fringe and pseudo scholarship
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  973.  @thefaramith8876  Turkic peoples used to identify themselves with their tribal names like Tiele/Dingling, Kyrgyz, Xiongnu etc. rather than just as “Turk”.
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  974.  @Letnistonwandif  The Turks have conquered and colonized the largest landmass in the world, and even today, with the loss of Balkans&Hungary, Northern Africa, Mongolia, East Turkistan, Northern India, Iran, Caucasus, Pontic Caspian Steppe, Mesopotamia, Levant, Arabia and Northwestern China from the continuity of the Turkic world, the Turks still retain rule over Central Asia, Azerbaijan and Anatolia, in particular, the most successful Geographical conquests in History.
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  975.  @Letnistonwandif  THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot."
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  976. 🇹🇷
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  977. Professor Faruqui started his talk by presenting a brief background on the Mughal Empire. He stated that the Mughals were a Muslim, ethnically Turkish, Persian speaking dynasty that established itself in the Indian subcontinent and became one of the largest and most dynamic empires in the early-modern period ruling supreme in northern India for almost 200 years. https://mittalsouthasiainstitute.harvard.edu/2014/09/princes-of-the-mughal-empire/
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  978. Kurya Khan cut the head of best Viking Warrior of all time : Sviastoslav the Brave
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  979.  @azarshadakumuktir4551  Then, on 3 September 1260, the Mongol forces met the army of the Egyptian Mamluks at the Spring of Goliath ('Ayn Jaliit) north of Jerusalem. The Mongol army contained a large admixture of Turks. The ethnic composition of the Mamluk army was very similar, in that it was mostly recruited from Turkish and Caucasian slaves, who had been purchased, trained and emancipated, whence the name: mamluk, 'possessed'. Spuler, B. (1977). The disintegration of the caliphate in the east. In P. Holt, A. Lambton, & B. Lewis (Eds.), The Cambridge History of Islam (The Cambridge History of Islam, pp. 141-174). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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  980. Hannibal Barca was also a Phoenician
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  981. Etruscans + Italics = Romans
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  982. Armenian history =Get ruling by others all the time
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  983. If khwarazmian empire and sultanate of rum didn't fight,Mingburnu would destroy genghis khan and his army
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  984. Hükümet en büyük sorun ya ne olacak
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  985. 2:20 Origin of Timur is disputed he never called himself as Mongol,he was Turkic
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  986. In fact, Turkic-speaking peoples have played a major role in Iranian history, ruling the country from the eleventh century up to the early twentieth. Even today they represent more than a quarter of Iran's population. Foltz, R. (2016) Iran in world history. Oxford etc.: Oxford University Press. p.61
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  987.  @aol8166  Khedivate of Egypt was Turkic empire just like Ottoman Empire not Coptic or Arabic Muhammed Ali Pasha did not libareted Egyptians from Turkic rule In his kingdom,Turks were sole elite of state and local egyptians were subject of Turks Muhammed Ali said this to French visitor Baron de Boislecomte : '‘I have not done in Egypt except what the British are doing in India; they have an army composed of Indians and ruled by British officers, and I have an army composed of Arabs ruled by Turkish officers [...] The Turk makes a better officer, since he knows that he is entitled to rule, while the Arab feels that the Turk is better than him in that respect'' Georges Douin (ed.), La mission du Baron de Boislecomte, L’E´gypte et la Syrie en 1833 (Cairo, 1927), pp. 110–111 Finally, having lost his own son in the campaign, and failed to raise the men required for his new army, Muhammad 'AH realized that the Sudan campaign had been a complete failure. When he was informed that a large number of Turkish-speaking officers were about to desert the campaign and return en masse to Egypt he wrote to the governor of one of the Sa'idi provinces: "Since the Turks are members of our race and since they must be spared the trouble of being sent to remote and dangerous areas, it has become necessary to conscript around 4,000 men from Upper Egypt [to replace them]." Fahmy, K. (1998). The era of Muhammad ’Ali Pasha, 1805–1848. In M. Daly (Ed.), The Cambridge History of Egypt (The Cambridge History of Egypt, pp. 154). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521472111.007
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  988. Nava Hagila
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  989. Suleiman the Magnificent was the most powerful Ottoman Sultan and the greatest emperor of his time. He ruled the Ottoman Empire for 46 years and lived the golden age. He make his grand viziers equal to Charles V and any other European king in the Treaty of Constantinople of 1533 and the Treaty of Adrianople 1547. Charles V was scared of him. He had 26 Victories= •Siege of Sabac1521 •Siege of Belgrad1521 •Siege of Rodos1522 •Battle of Mohacs1526 •Battle of Beçne1526 •Siege of Osijek1526 •Siege of Buda1529 •Siege of Esztergom1529 •Siege of Siklos1532 •Siege of Graz1532 •Siege of Köszeg1532 •Siege of Baghdad1534 •Siege of Tabriz1535 •Siege of Suceava1538 •Siege of Buda1541 •Siege of Valpo1543 •Siege of Pecs1543 •Siege of Siklos1543 •Siege of Estergzom1543 •Siege of Tata1543 •Siege of Szekesfehervar1543 •Siege of Tabriz1548 •Siege of Van1548 •Siege of Yerevan1554 •Siege of Nakhichevan1554 •Siege of Szigetvar1566
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  990. Turkish Ending 😍
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  991. Dck men of Europe 😂
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  992. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
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  993. Gaydogan
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  994. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, shaping the history of Balkans, Islamization of Northern India, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
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  995. Regalya Ne kadar anlatırsan anlat propaganda yapılmış bir kere :/
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  996. Tungusic Superpower
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  997. Turkic Languages Please
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  998.  @Strategikos  Christian Orthodox people belonged to the millet-i Rum, and progressively, Greek became the dominant means of communication amongst the members of the millet, who were called by others and were calling themselves. Romioi. Interestingly, the term 'Hellene' still signified for most people the pagan classical tradition, and it was a term that especially the clergy was keen to eliminate. Certain evocations of the term 'Hellene' by Byzantine scholars (e.g. in the twelfth century) contained some elements of contemporary ethnic identification, but it never acquired widespread currency, it never really "caught" on' (Beaton 2007: 93). Boys-Stones, G., Graziosi, B. and Vasunia, P., n.d. The Oxford handbook of Hellenic studies. p.21
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  999. The Xiongnu became politically dominant in the steppes around 300 BC, and although the linguistic affiliation of the Xiongnu proper is still a matter of dispute, their political confederation certainly contained a significant Turkic component. By both ethnohistorical and linguistic considerations this component may in the first place be identified with the Bulgharic (Bulghar Turkic) branch of Turkic, today represented by the Chuvash language in the Volga region. The Turkic component of the Xiongnu is, however, unambiguously signalled by a number of Bulgharic loanwords in Proto-Samoyedic, such as *yür 'hundred'. The Bulgharic (Proto-Bulgharic) speakers are likely to have entered Southern Siberia , the location of Proto-Samoyedic , not earlier than the last century BC. At the same time, a number of local words, notably *kadï 'conifer' (> Chuvash xïra„ ~ xïr 'birch '), were borrowed from Proto-Samoyedic into Bulgharic. Review: J. Janhunen (ed.),The Mongolic languages, London, New York : Routledge, 2003 In the case of Early Pre-Proto-Mongolic, certain loanwords in the Mongolic languages point to early contact with Oghur (Pre-Proto-Bulgaric) Turkic, also known as r-Turkic. These loanwords precede Common Turkic (z-Turkic) loanwords and include: • Mongolic ikere (twins) from Pre-Proto-Bulgaric ikir (versus Common Turkic ekiz) • Mongolic hüker (ox) from Pre-Proto-Bulgaric hekür (Common Turkic öküz) • Mongolic jer (weapon) from Pre-Proto-Bulgaric jer (Common Turkic yäz) • Mongolic biragu (calf) versus Common Turkic buzagu • Mongolic siri- (to smelt ore) versus Common Turkic siz- (to melt) The above words are thought to have been borrowed from Oghur Turkic during the time of the Xiongnu. Later Turkic peoples in Mongolia all spoke forms of Common Turkic (z-Turkic) as opposed to Oghur (Bulgharic) Turkic, which withdrew to the west in the 4th century. The Chuvash language, spoken by 1 million people in European Russia, is the only living representative of Oghur Turkic which split from Proto Turkic around the 1st century AD. Words in Mongolic like dayir (brown, Common Turkic yagiz) and nidurga (fist, Common Turkic yudruk) with initial *d and *n versus Common Turkic *y are sufficiently archaic to indicate loans from an earlier stage of Oghur (Pre-Proto-Bulgaric). This is because Chuvash and Common Turkic do not differ in these features despite differing fundamentally in rhotacism-lambdacism (Janhunen 2006). Oghur tribes lived in the Mongolian borderlands before the 5th century, and provided Oghur loanwords to Early Pre-Proto-Mongolic before Common Turkic loanwords. Golden 2011, p. 31. An earlier date for the separation of proto-Turkic, preceding 209 BC would support the identification of Xiongnu language with proto-Bulgharic or one of its subgroups, while a later date of separation would make its association with proto-Turkic more plausible. Alexander Savelyev, Martine Robbeets, Bayesian phylolinguistics infers the internal structure and the time-depth of the Turkic language family, Journal of Language Evolution, Volume 5, Issue 1, January 2020 As this time depth coincides with the beginning of the Xiongnu empire (209 BCE–100 CE), the association of Xiongnu with Proto-Bulgharic does not seem unreasonable. However, given the relatively large credible interval involved in the Bayesian dating, the breakup of proto-Turkic may also be connected with the first disintegration of the Xiongnu confederation under influence of the military successes of the Chinese in 127–119 BCE (Mudrak 2009). In sum, the time depth of the breakup of Proto-Turkic can be estimated between 500 BCE and 100 CE. Martine Robbeets, Remco Bouckaert, Bayesian phylolinguistics reveals the internal structure of the Transeurasian family, Journal of Language Evolution, Volume 3, Issue 2, July 2018 The language of the European Huns is sometimes referred to as a Bulghar Turkic variety in general linguistic literature, but caution is needed in establishing its affiliations. The predominant part of the Xiongnu population is likely to have spoken Turkic (Late Proto-Turkic, to be more precise). Cite this article: Savelyev A, Jeong C (2020). Early nomads of the Eastern Steppe and their tentative connections in the West. Evolutionary Human Sciences 2, e20, 1–17. Xiong-nu language in Chinese inscriptions 撑犁 (Chēng lí) 撑犁 term in Chinese inscriptions is associated with the old Turkic tengri. Tengri means sky. 瓯脱 (Ōu tuō) 瓯脱 means room[7]. Borrowed from Proto-Turkic *otag[8], also reconstructed as *ōtag. Although linguists concentrate on *otag, since long vowels are not preserved in languages that need to be protected, there are also those who claim that it is derived from the Proto-Turkic word *ōtwhich means fire(see Proto-Turkic Vocabulary lesson). *otag means tent or room, but also fireplace is suggested. 头曼 (Tóu màn) The name Touman is likely related to a word meaning '10,000, a myriad' Old Turkic tümän
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  1000. Turkic peoples are still playing a key role in Russo-Ukrainian War. Such as that Yakut fighter in Russian army recently.
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  1001. Yes from best country in the world : 🇹🇷
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  1002. Happy Roman noises Sad Nordic noises
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  1003. 🤣
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  1004. Ottomans conquered Cyprus from Venetians, Venetians took from Crusaders, Crusaders took from Romans… Where were Greeks lol🤣
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  1005. No
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  1006. The Mughals (1526–1858) lost control of India in the 1700s, but many of the local rulers who replaced them were also Turks, at least until the British took over. Chase, K. (2003). Conclusion. In Firearms: A Global History to 1700 (pp. 197-210). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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  1007. Love both from Turkey
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  1008. Turks > Crusaders
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  1009. Nikov is the first Bulgarian historian to pay special attention to, and attri bute great significance to, the Turkic components in the Bulgarian ethnogen esis (i.e., after the Bulgars) and among the ruling aristocracy. He elaborated on the issue of the "Turkic element's" influence upon Bulgarian history in a 1928 unpublished manuscript (delivered as a public lecture). Nikov began with the following policy-setting statement: There is no period in our history on which the Turkic element did not exert its strongest influence and did not leave the deepest traces in the development of our people. [...] None of the Balkan peoples has experi enced the Turkic influence so strongly as our people, The Turkic pressure began from Central Asia and had two directions to the northwest through southern Russia, and to the southwest through Persia and Asia Minor. The Bulgarian state was founded due to one of the Turkic peoples, the Bulgars, who themselves joined a number of Turkic tribal alliances (of Huns, Kutrigurs, Utigurs, Avars, and Khazars). During Byzantine rule, the Turkic Pechenegs and Uz came from the north; many of them crossed the Danube and were assimilated by the Bulgarian people. Then came the Cumans, without whose decisive help the uprising of Asenevtsi would hardly have succeeded. Thus, just as the First Bulgarian Kingdom was founded with the help of the Turkic Bulgars, the Second Kingdom was founded with "the decisive collabora tion of the Turkic Cumans."129 Not only did Cumans settle south of the Danube and become assimilated and absorbed by the Slavic-Bulgarian people, but they were also of great significance politically in the Second Kingdom, whose dynas ties all had Cuman blood in them. There were also many Bulgarian boyars of Cuman origin, including Balic in Dobrudzha. It could even be said that the Cumans acquired a dominant position in the political life of the state. 130 There followed the influence of the Mongol Tartars, who even supplied one Bulgarian king, Chaka. But of greatest importance were the Ottoman and Seljuk Turks, who conquered the Balkans from Asia Minor. Concerning the Cumans, Nikov considers the "transfusion of blood" from Turkic "elements" an asset, a means of rejuvenating and strengthening the "race" and enhancing the vitality of the Bulgarian people (in contrast with the conquering Turks).
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  1010. The Turks too , the great warriors of the steppes , were almost haughty in the assumption that they inherited the jihad fighting spirit of the tradition and carried it half - way into Europe . Turko-Persia in Historical Perspective p.94 The Seljukian Turks had had some great warriors ; the period of their power was during the eleventh and twelfth centuries ; they had taken the place of the Arabs as the great Moslem power of the east , though an Arab caliph still nominally reigned at Baghdad . The Divine Aspect of History Volume 2 p.324 During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries , understanding the Turks ' military organization , given the credit for the greatest empire since antiquity , became a major European preoccupation . Speake, J., n.d. Literature of travel and exploration. p.891. By the middle of the 16th century, the Turks arguably possessed the greatest empire in the world. A History of the Middle East Paperback – March 15, 2006 by Saul S. Friedman (Author) p.181 In the west the Seljuq invasion of Asia Minor began the process which was to make it the modern land of the Turks and the base from which the greatest Islamic empire of the past 600 years would expand into southeast Europe .
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  1011. Germanic, Slavic, Sinitic and Turkic peoples have very powerful history
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  1012. It would make more sense to use the term Iranian, since he himself was not Persian.
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  1013. Hungaryans vs Rusgolians
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  1014. Turkic rule on india is really interesting
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  1015. Basques need to country
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  1016. Oghuz Turkic warriors from Turkmenistan who got massacred by Turco-Mongol Hordes
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  1017. Genghis Khan is described as endowed with the highest intellect and a superhuman willpower , which enabled him to unite heterogeneous Turkic and Mongolian tribes into a single whole .
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  1018. Ottomans conquered Cyprus from Venetians, Venetians took from Crusaders, Crusaders took from Romans… Where were Greeks lol🤣
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  1019.  @shehzadadarashikoh9463  Turkic peoples destroyed Roman Empire many times and long before Seljuks or Ottomans. The ruling class of First Bulgarian Empire was Turkic who were nightmares of Romans ;)
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  1020. Arpad was of Onogur Turkic origin
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  1021. The great historian Ibn Khaldun also argues in his “Introduction to History” (or The Muqaddimah) that nomadic peoples, the Turks foremost among them, were the most energetic and martial of peoples and that imperial dynasties and regimes emerged from such groups until they became corrupted and softened by civilization and luxury, which resulted in a loss of martial energy and group solidarity. This analysis is very true because as the Abbasid caliphate started to lose its power and influence in the mid-ninth century most of the dynasties that emerged to control the various regions of the Muslim world were founded by Turks, either tribal nomads or former slave soldiers. Ibn Khaldun even attributes the victory of the Muslims over the Mongols to the martial power and energy of the Turks, who formed the elite ranks of the Mamluk armies that defeated the Mongols on several occasions as they attempted to advance into Syria and Egypt between 1260 and 1323.
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  1022. They looked like Bashkirs
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  1023. Turkey
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  1024. There is too much Greek copium in the comment section 😂
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  1025. Ottomans in Africa ❤️
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  1026. Ching cheng hanji
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  1027. Turks vs Turks
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  1028.  @persianguy1524  🤲🏿🤲🏿🤲🏿🍼🍼🍼
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  1029. Aybars T. Hayır alakaları yok onlarla türk değiller macarlar ama kralları arpad türktü
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  1030. Crying Central Powers noises
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  1031. The mothers of many Ottoman rulers were women from other Turkish beyliks. However, they had to leave because continuing this would drag the state into civil war and they married white slaves.
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  1032. But that Cossack letter never reached to the Ottomans :-)
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  1033. Morino Ravenberg Mongol Empire British Empire Roman Empire Ottoman Empire Byzantine Empire
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  1034. English and Turkish subtitle pls
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  1035. Naturally we also have more probable Turkic etymologies for these names, especially for those of Attila and Bleda. However, even if they were Germanic or Germanicized Turkic names," ,99 this does not allow us to make any hasty assumptions about the official language of the empire, if it ever existed. What Heather ignores is the fact that we have convincing or highly probable Turkic etymologies for the names of many of the other Hunnic kings and nobles before and after Attila, e.g. Mundzuk (Attila's father, from Turkic Muncuq = 'pearl/jewel'), Oktar/Uptar (Attila's uncle, Öktär = "brave/power ful'), Oebarsius (another of Attila's paternal uncles, Aïbârs = 'leopard of the moon'), Karaton (Hunnic supreme king before Ruga, Qaraton = 'black cloak'), Basik (Hunnic noble of royal blood, early fifth century, Bårsig= 'governor'), Kursik (Hunnic noble of royal blood, from either Kürsig, meaning 'brave or noble', or Qursiq meaning 'belt-bearer'). All three of Attila's known sons have probable Turkic names: Ellac, Dengizich, Hernak, and Attila's principal wife, the mother of the first son Ellac, has the Turkic name Herekan, as does another wife named Eskam (Ešqam = 'companion of the Shaman).102 It seems highly likely then from the names that we do know, most of which seem to be Turkic, that the Hunnic elite was predominantly Turkic speaking. However, in the western half of the empire, where most of their subjects spoke Germanic languages, the Huns may have used both Hunnic (Oghuric Turkic) and Gothic. Thus fief holders and royal family mem Ibers in the west who ruled Germanic tribes often bore Germanic or Germanicized titles (of great significance, as we will discover later on in the book), e.g. Laudaricus and Ardaric.105 Priscus, who is our only reliable source, being an actual eye-witness, tells us that at the Hunnic court Hunnic, Gothic and Latin were spoken, but with Hunnic always men tioned before Gothic. All three languages were apparently understood by the elite to some degree, so much so that Zercon the Moor could provoke laughter by jumbling all three together at a Hunnic banquet in the presence of Attila.107 There is, however, no indication anywhere that any of these three languages was the lingua franca. Kim, H. (2013). Notes. In The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe (pp. 30). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Haussig (2000), 277, suggests that Oult or Oulti is a Greek rendering of the Oghuric Turkic word for the number six. What is interesting is the fact that in names such as Oultizouroi and Ultzincur above we have clearly two elements Oulti (six) + the Turkic title Cur (noble), meaning ‘the six lords’. Kim, H. (2013). Notes. In The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe (pp. 159-275). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. The core Turkic tribes of the Hunnic Empire from very early on all possessed different names: Akatziri , Alpidzuri, etc. in addition to their Hunnic identity. Kim, H. (2013). Introduction. In The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe (pp. 1-8). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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  1036. 1:01 Belgic(?) tribe???
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  1037. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
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  1038. Everybody made videos about Ukraine today wow
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  1039.  @jameschern2013 Xiongnus were Oghur Turkic-speaking peoples
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  1040. 6:11 Based 👩‍🏫
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  1041. Free Gagauzia 😍
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  1042.  @hamzaabbass1300  Zengid Turks
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  1043. Slavs with Turkic influence
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  1044. Make a video about Ottoman architecture be like (Skull Tower)
    6
  1045. Kanalın içerikleri çok güzel
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  1046. Tatar Turks❤️❤️❤️
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  1047. 🇹🇷
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  1048. If people look at history they will see that Turkic peoples always destroyed Roman Empire just like Huns,Bulgars,Seljuks,Ottomans,Anatolian Beyliks,Avars etc.
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  1049.  Andres Garcia  Christians lost battle of Nicopolis lmao🤣
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  1050.  Andres Garcia  French or Slavics are undoubtedly not better warriors than Turkics
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  1051. Underrated region
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  1052.  @ekremulusan2382  12 years old Pan-Iranist kid from Canada: “Turkic history is joke” THEN REALITY STRIKES SO HARD😂 In fact, Turkic-speaking peoples have played a major role in Iranian history, ruling the country from the eleventh century up to the early twentieth. Even today they represent more than a quarter of Iran's population. Foltz, R. (2016) Iran in world history. Oxford etc.: Oxford University Press. p.61
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  1053.  @xNazgrel  Then reality strikes: The Gaoju (高車 lit. "High Cart"), also known as Tiele,[90] were early Turkic speakers related to the earlier Dingling,[91][92] who were once conquered by the Xiongnu.[93][94] Weishu also mentioned the linguistic and ethnic proximity between the Gaoju and the Xiongnu.[95] de la Vaissière proposes that the Hephthalites had originally been one Oghuric-speaking tribe who belonged the Gaoju/Tiele confederation.[82][96][97] 8 This can be surmised by analysing the names of Hunnic princes and tribes. The names of the following Hunnic princes are clearly Oghuric Turkic in origin: Mundzuk (Attila's father, from Turkic Munc uq = pearl/jewel: for an in-depth discussion of the Hunnic origin of this name in particular see Schramm (1969), 139-40), Oktar/Uptar (Attila's uncle, Öktär brave/powerful), Oebarsius (another of Attila's paternal uncles, Arbårs leopard of the moon), Karaton (Hunnic supreme king before Ruga, Qarâton = black-cloak), Basik (Hunnic noble of royal blood, early fifth century, Bársig = governor), Kursik (Hunnic noble of royal blood, from either Kürsig, meaning brave or noble, or Quršiq meaning belt-bearer). For these etymologies see Bona (1991), 33. Three of Attila's known sons. have probable Turkic names: Ellac, Dengizich, Hernak, and Attila's principal wife, the mother of the crown prince' Ellac, has the Turkic name Herekan, as does another notable wife named Eskam. See Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 392-415. See also Bona (1991), 33-5, and Pritsak (1956), 414. Most known Hunnic tribal names are also Turkic, Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 427-41, e.g. Ultincur, Akatir etc. The cur suffix in many of these names is a well-known Turkic title and as Beckwith (1987), 209, points out the To-lu or Tardus tribes (Hunnic in origin) of the Western Turkish On Oq were each headed by a Cur (noble). Zieme (2006), 115, speculates that the title cur belongs to a pre-Turkic Tocharian stratum of the Turkic language, which, if true, again highlights the essential heterogeneity of Central Asian peoples and even languages. See also Aalto (1971), 35. In addition to this primary language (Oghuric Turkic), Priscus informs us that Latin and Gothic were also understood by the Hunnic elite. See Priscus, fr. 13.3, Blockley (1983), 289. The name of Ellac, Attila’s eldest son, is a corruption of the Turkic älik ( ilik ) meaning ‘ruler, king’. 21 Ernak/Irnik the youngest son also has the variation of the same suffix in his name. His name is probably Turkic är-näk , meaning ‘great hero’, with the suffix here functioning as an augmentation of the Turkic är-än (hero). 22 Thus the suffix -ik/ich was used in Hunnic to imply greatness (i.e. ruler or kingship). These names were, it seems, formal court titles rather than personal names. Kim, H. (2013). The end of the Hunnic Empire in the west. In The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe (pp. 89-136). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Naturally we also have more probable Turkic etymologies for these names, especially for those of Attila and Bleda. However, even if they were Germanic or Germanicized Turkic names," ,99 this does not allow us to make any hasty assumptions about the official language of the empire, if it ever existed. What Heather ignores is the fact that we have convincing or highly probable Turkic etymologies for the names of many of the other Hunnic kings and nobles before and after Attila, e.g. Mundzuk (Attila's father, from Turkic Muncuq = 'pearl/jewel'), Oktar/Uptar (Attila's uncle, Öktär = "brave/power ful'), Oebarsius (another of Attila's paternal uncles, Aïbârs = 'leopard of the moon'), Karaton (Hunnic supreme king before Ruga, Qaraton = 'black cloak'), Basik (Hunnic noble of royal blood, early fifth century, Bårsig= 'governor'), Kursik (Hunnic noble of royal blood, from either Kürsig, meaning 'brave or noble', or Qursiq meaning 'belt-bearer'). All three of Attila's known sons have probable Turkic names: Ellac, Dengizich, Hernak, and Attila's principal wife, the mother of the first son Ellac, has the Turkic name Herekan, as does another wife named Eskam (Ešqam = 'companion of the Shaman).102 It seems highly likely then from the names that we do know, most of which seem to be Turkic, that the Hunnic elite was predominantly Turkic speaking. However, in the western half of the empire, where most of their subjects spoke Germanic languages, the Huns may have used both Hunnic (Oghuric Turkic) and Gothic. Thus fief holders and royal family mem Ibers in the west who ruled Germanic tribes often bore Germanic or Germanicized titles (of great significance, as we will discover later on in the book), e.g. Laudaricus and Ardaric.105 Priscus, who is our only reliable source, being an actual eye-witness, tells us that at the Hunnic court Hunnic, Gothic and Latin were spoken, but with Hunnic always men tioned before Gothic. All three languages were apparently understood by the elite to some degree, so much so that Zercon the Moor could provoke laughter by jumbling all three together at a Hunnic banquet in the presence of Attila.107 There is, however, no indication anywhere that any of these three languages was the lingua franca. Kim, H. (2013). Notes. In The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe (pp. 30). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Haussig (2000), 277, suggests that Oult or Oulti is a Greek rendering of the Oghuric Turkic word for the number six. What is interesting is the fact that in names such as Oultizouroi and Ultzincur above we have clearly two elements Oulti (six) + the Turkic title Cur (noble), meaning ‘the six lords’. Kim, H. (2013). Notes. In The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe (pp. 159-275). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. The core Turkic tribes of the Hunnic Empire from very early on all possessed different names: Akatziri , Alpidzuri, etc. in addition to their Hunnic identity. Kim, H. (2013). Introduction. In The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe (pp. 1-8). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511920493.001
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  1054. Turkey😍
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  1055. “YAHUDİ”lendiniz !
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  1056.  @mint8648  i am not sure, Maratha could be better too
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  1057. Although the Ayyubids are a hybrid family, the state is a Turkish state in all aspects. Two eulogies written to Selahattin Eyyubi are clearly indicated. One of them is the following couplets in the work named "Müferricü'l Kürûb" written due to the conquest of Aleppo: "The Arab nation was glorified with the state of the Turks. The case of Ehl-i Salib (crusaders) was devastated by the son of Ayyub. " Another ode is the following verses in the work named "Fevâtu'l Vefeyât" written on the occasion of the conquest of Akkâ: "Praise be to God that the Crusader state was devastated. Islam has been glorified with the Turks! " … Selahattin Eyyubi's ancestors first appeared in Basra. Basra is one of the cities established after the Kadisiye victories. Among the immigrants who came and settled here during the governorship of Muğire bin Shu'be, there are also Ravvadis from Yemen. Selahattin's first known ancestors migrated from Yemen to Basra, and comes from the Ezd tribe, who are praised in hadith-i sharifs. Two generations later, in 758, their main name is called Ravvad bin el Müsenna al-Ezdi. During this period, they were taken from Basra by the Abbasid Caliph Abu Ja'far al Mansur and settled in lower Azerbaijan with his tribe. Selahattin's ancestors are now in Tabriz region. Ravvadis are Sunni. Therefore, they confuse with the Sunni Hezbâniyye Kurds, not with the Shiite Azeris. They live in Duvin, also known as Ecdânakan town of Dvin. Today, Dvin, which is in the territory of Armenia, still preserves its feature of being a historical place. This is where Selahattin Eyyubi's first Arab ancestors first mixed with the Kurds. They buy and give girls from Hezbâniyye Kurds who have settled in this region before. Kinship ties develop. Four generations later, the Ravvadis regard themselves as a branch of the Hezbaniye tribe. Revvâdîs who mixed with Hezbâniyye Kurds and became Kurds, XI. In the second half of the century, they entered the service of the Seljuks and gradually became a mixture of Arab-Kurdish-Turkish. Seljuk Sultan Muhammed Tapar in the first conquest periods of Islam in Anatolia; it makes them return to Iraq again. They settle in Tikrit castle, 80 km north of Baghdad, where there are wet and fertile lands. The main reason for this immigration is to avoid harassment and oppression of Christians, Russians, Abaza and Georgians. By migrating back to Iraq, they find both a safe and comfortable environment and large pastures for herds. Sultan; He first brought Selahattin's grandfather Marwan and his father Şazi to the Governorship of Tikrit due to the harmony, obedience and ability of the Ravvadis. Ravvadis serve the people fairly and the state sincerely. About Selahattin Eyyubi, there is also that Arab poets of the time did not know his Arab origin and praised him as a “Turk”. In an ode written for Selahattin after the conquest of Aleppo, it is stated as follows: “… The state of the Turks and the Arab nation were exalted. The attack of Ahli Salib was devastated by the hand of Eyyub's son ... " German Emperor II. While Wilhelm visited Jerusalem and its surroundings under Ottoman rule, he also visited Selahattin in Umayyad Mosque in Damascus. By printing a visit plaque on his behalf, he expresses his admiration by saying "I am here in front of the grave of Sultan Selahattin, the most heroic soldier of all time". Bidaye ve'n Nihaye, Ibn Kesir Ebu'l Fida Ismail b. Ömer, (nsr. C.J. Tomberg), I-XII, Beirut, 1965 al Kamil fi't History, Ibn Esir, Beirut-1995 Müferricü'l Kürûb Fî Ahbâri Beni Ayyub, Ibn Vâsıl, thk. Cemâleddîn al-Febbâl, Cairo-1953. Fevatü'l Vefeyât, Abu Abdillâh Saâhuddîn Muhammed b. Shakir b. Ahmed al-Kutubi, Daru'l Kutbi'l Ilmiyye, Beirut-2000 Saladin: The Politics of Holy War, M.C. Lyons and D.E.P. Jackson, Cambridge-1982 Ayyubid Architechture, Terry Allen, Chapter 3, California- 2003
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  1058. Based Turk 😼
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  1059. Too much copium in the comment section
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  1060. Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
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  1061. Sad Muslim noises
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  1062. 🇹🇷
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  1063. İtin teki ya ismet :))) tek özelliği Atatürk’ün arkadaşı olması
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  1064.  @elenilepouri7253  Pontics are 1% Hellenic by genetically😅🤣
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  1065. There mustn't be a better example of a 'moving' ethno-linguistic group than the Turkic peoples. They started out from Eastern Siberia (Mongolia, Altai) and now are main ethnic constituents of various countries, like Turkey, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, etc.
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  1066. Arabs were puppet of Romans and Iran before Islam and Seljuks-Ottomans/British-French Empires after Fatimids
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  1067. İyi mi kötü mü 🧐
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  1068. 🇹🇷😭
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  1069.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  Ottoman is best empire of all time
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  1070. According to Armenian sources Shah Shapur II was defeated twice by the Chionites of Balkh, in 368 and between 374 and 378.
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  1071. The Jalair Possibly of the Turkic ancestry, this group of people were captured by the Timuchin's clan and became vassals. In early days, this group of people raided the pasture of rich Mongol woman, Monolun (wife of the grandson of Bodunchar), and killed her and her eight sons. Only Kaidu was saved by his uncle Nachin and later Kaidu defeated the Jalair to be a leader of the early Mongol people. The Jalairs became very much attached to the Mongol people in the ensuing years. Later, they became vassals and got assimilated Muhuali or Mukali was said to be one of them. The Jalairs were said to be of the Darligin Mengwu tribe and fled west to the Kerulen River after being attacked by the Khitans. Alternatively speaking, Jalair (Zha-la-yi-er) was listed together with Zu-bu and Zhu-bu- gu, i.e., Dadan equivalent, in Liao Shi (history of the Khitan Liao dynasty), which were considered a Huihe (Uygur) tribal alliance since the days the Huihe expelled the Kirghiz from the Orkhon River and Tu'ula River area and rebelled against the Khitans throughout the 10th-11th centuries, with Mo-gu-si Khan launching a Zu-bu dynasty in A.D. 1100 in defiance of the Khitans. That is, the Jalair shared the same ancestry as the Keraits who possessed a Nestorian Mo-gu-si (Marcus in Ecclesiastical Chronicle) - who was a different person from Kerait chieftain Wang-han (Toghrul)'s grandfather Margus Buiruk per Historian Zhou Liangxiao for the generations' lapse.
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  1072. India vs Pakistan comments incoming...
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  1073.  @theegyptianpharaonicking3849  👍
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  1074. The Ossetic vocabulary mirrors long-standing and intensive Turkic contacts. The way of the borrowing may be difficult to determine, since many copied Turkic words are also found in other Ponto-Caspian languages.
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  1075. In the west the Seljuq invasion of Asia Minor began the process which was to make it the modern land of the Turks and the base from which the greatest Islamic empire of the past 600 years would expand into southeast Europe .
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  1076.  @borisshono8974  There were no any Mongolic language before 8th century😂 keep dreaming about Turkic and Para-Mongolic peoples being Mongolic😂😂😂
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  1077. Chad Germans :-)
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  1078. Women☕️
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  1079.  @ilosada2933  The Hellenic peoples are a community that has been ruled by others throughout history and became independent with European support. What a great success :-D
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  1080. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
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  1081. The most interesting woman of all time
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  1082. 🇹🇷
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  1083. Uyghu Khaganate defeated Tibetan Empire many times and conquered many of their territories under the Bayanchur Khan
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  1084. Crying Khwarezmian noises🥹
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  1085. Biggest Hazara tribe Turkmani has a Turkic root.
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  1086.  @Тарасяйценюх  Selim’s impact on modern history > Alexander’s impact on modern history
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  1087. The Arabs themselves, divided and fragmented, were being increasingly challenged by Turkic steppe warriors who were militarily superior to the commercially minded urban populations of the region. The Arab-Muslim expansionary movement that had begun with Muhammad's first conquests in the early part of the seventh century, had proceeded with fits and starts before it came under pressure from external menaces and had started to wane by the tenth century. But, if conquest had all but ceased, Arabic culture and language was continuing to expand both east and south into sub-Saharan Africa. At the same time, Persian culture was making a comeback of sorts, while the Turks were rapidly gaining a steady foothold among the elite of the Arab armies. In time, this Turkish military presence would soon prove indispensable and it would logically translate into political power.
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  1088. Joe Becker Turkic Tatars and Turco-Mongol tartars(in mongolia)have no connection bro
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  1089. Buryatlaşmış Türkler?
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  1090. Ya ya ... Hulagu Khan was Sword of Persia too in this case
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  1091. 🤣🤣🤣🤣
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  1092. Recorded Hunnic names of Turkic origin : Aigan = moon prince; from Turkic aï & can Atakam = elder shaman; from Turkic ata & kam Balach = calf; from Turkic Malaq Berik = strong; from Turkic Berık Basik = governor; from Turkic Bârsiğ Bleda = wise; from Turkic Bildä Dengizich = ocean-like, heavenly; from Turkic teɲez & dêɲri; or, more simply, great lake Donat / Donatu = horse; from Turkic Yonat Edeco = good; from Turkic Ädgü Ellac = to rule; from Turkic el & lä  Emmedzur = horse lord; from Turkic Ämäcur Eskam / Esqam = companion of the shaman; from Turkic Eŝkam Hereka / Kreka = pure princess; from Turkic Arïqan Ernakh / Hernac = small man, heroic man; from Turkic Ernäk Karaton = black cloak; from Turkic Qarâton Kursik = either noble; from Turkic Kürsiğ; or belt-bearer, from Qurŝiq Mundzuk = bead; from Turkic Munčuq Oebarsius / Aybars = moon leopard, from Turkic Aïbârs; or dun leopard, from oy & bars Oldogan / Odolgan = either red falcon, from Turkic al & dogan; or chubby, from Tolgun Oktar / Uptar = brave; from Turkic Öctär Ruga / Rua = wise man; from Turkic Ögä Turgun = still/calm; from Turkic Turkun Uldin = six; from Turkic Alti
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  1093. Turkish Rakı 😎
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  1094. You can see many Turkic kingdoms in history of China
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  1095. Ottomans came Anatolia from modern day Turkmenistan/Merv after collapse of Khwarezmian Empire but their deep ancestors came to Turkmenistan from Western Mongolia.
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  1096. He lost against Jazzar Pasha 🌝
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  1097. Aktay Turan kopyala ;) sussunlar böylelikle ve Diwan Lughat al Turk Bolgarlara Türk demiş ve dillerine de ayrıca Bolgar hala bir Türkik lehçesi mesela Çuvaş
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  1098. The only useful thing Ismet did for his country
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  1099. 😍
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  1100. Page -26- Teragay, the chief of the tribe of Berlas, is said to 'i have been a tnau of distinguished piety and liberality, I and he inherited an incalculable number of slieep and goata,^ cattle and servants. His wife, Tekina Kha- I toum, was virtuous and beautiful; and on the 8th ' of April, 1336, she gave birth to a son, at their encampment, near the verdant walls^ of the delicious town of Kesh. This child was the future aspirant for universal empire. Timour was of the race of Toorkish wanderers, and be was of noble lineage, amougst a people who thought much of their descent. His countrymen lived in tents, loved the wandering lives of warlike shepherds, better than the luxury and ease of cities; and, even in the countries which they had conquered, preferred an encampment in the open plains, to "a residence in the most splendid palaces. Page -194- ^ Timour was the son of Teragay Nevian. He gives the following account of his lineage, in his memoirs :—" My father told me that we were descendants from Abu-al-Atrak (father of the Turks) the son of Japhet. His fifth son, Aljeh Khan, had twin sons, Tatar and Mogul, who placed their feet on the paths of infidelity. Turaene Khan had a son Kabul, whose son, Munga Bahadur, was the father of Temugin, small estate, with not more than three or four mounted attendants. He lived iu a village, near this city of Kesh, for the men of this land prefer living in the villages, and in the plains, to living in cities. His son, also, had not more than four or five horses. I will now tell you, what was told to the ambassadors, as certain truth in this city, and in other parts. It is said that Timour, having four or five servants, went out one day to steal a sheep, and on another day a cow, by force, from the people of the country. When he had got them, be ate them with his followers ; and some because of the plunder, others because he was a brave and good hearted man, joined him, until he had a force of three hundred mounted followers. From that time be traversed the country, to rob and steal all he could lay hands on, for himself and bis companions, and he also frequented the roads, and plundered the merchants.' Narrative of the embassy of Ruy Gonzalez de Clavijo to the court of Timour at Samarcand, A.D. 1403-6 by González de Clavijo, Ruy, d. 1412; Markham, Clements R. (Clements Robert), Sir, 1830-1916 ed Page -130- On Saturday, the 12th of April, the Emperor of TrebizonJ sent for the ambassadorSj and when they ai-rivcd at his palace, they found him in a saloon, which was in an upper story ; and he received them very well. After they had spoken with him, they returned to their lodging. With the emperor was his son, who was about twenty-five years of age ; and the emperor was tall and handsome. The emperor and his son were dressed in imperial robes. They wore, on their heads, tall hats surmounted by golden cords, on the top of which were cranes' feathers; and the hats were bound with the skins of martens. They call the emperor Germanoli,' and his son Quelex -^ and they call the son emperor as well as the father, because it is the custom to call the eldest legitimate son emperor, although his father may be alive; and the Greek name for emperor, is Basilens. This emperor pays tribute to Timour Beg, and to other Turks, who are his neighbours. He is married to a relation of the Emperor of Constantinople, and his son is married to the daughter of a knight of Constantinople, and has two little daughters."
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  1101. Best historical/cultural channel on youtube 👍👍
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  1102. Eastern part of Roman Empire was not part of Greek history. The most important and long lived dynasties were not Greeks except Komnenos.
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  1103. Ataturk is Yoruk Turkman from Ottoman Empire states fake viking kurdoarab
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  1104.  @CheLanguages  he never did but he knew 7 languages (Kabyle, French, MSA, Algerian Arabic, English, Spanish and Turkish)
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  1105. Napoleon didn’t rule Egypt
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  1106. Again Koraes' careful rhetoric, which matches his self-projection, seems to be in play; his classifications of“Greek slavery under the Romans” and “Greek slavery under the Ottomans” are closely linked a few lines below: Modern Greeks could justifiably boast more than Plutarch's contemporaries, when freed from the yoke of the savage tyrant, compared to which the Roman yoke could rightly be considered a luxury, and after they gain their freedom, they are willing to maintain it...16 Xenophontos, S., 2019. Brill's companion to the reception of Plutarch. Leiden: Brill, p.551.
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  1107. We Turkic peoples were real Gigachads of history.
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  1108. Cidden hapsoldum günde 8 saat giriyorum :/
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  1109.  @uguryzg  All of Turkish dialects are entirely mutually intelligible, even Gagauz and Azerbaijani which are considered as seperate languages are more than 90% mutually intelligle with Turkish. Whereas Kurdish is even larger concept than Oghuz, just watch the video again and look at the difference of Kurmanji and Sorani rather than spreading PKK based Pan-Kurdish propaganda.
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  1110. There is no such thing as Safavid Persians.If we go with the same logic,we should also call the Ilkhanates Persian,Yuan Empire Chinese,Chagatai Khanate Turkish etc. Which is inaccurate.Iran(Persia) is just a region name.And in history it was not generally ruled by Persian states, but every non-Persian state that ruled it was influenced by some Persian language and culture.Likewise, the states that rule China have become Chinese in terms of language and culture(Best examples are Mongol Yuan Empire and Manchu Qing Empire). By the 16th century, the Caucasus was a battleground between the Sunni Ottoman Empire and the Turkic Shia Safavid Dynasty of Persia, and over the course of the 19th century, the Russians conquered the entire Caucasus region. https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195390155/obo-9780195390155-0014.xml The Zand dynasty, which ruled Iran from 1751 to 1794, was the first native Iranian regime in almost six hundred years, as opposed to the Turkic and Mongolian sovereigns who until then had governed the land. http://oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0866?_hi=0&_pos=65 Safavid power with its distinctive Persian-Shi'i culture, however, remained a middle ground between its two mighty Turkish neighbors. The Safavid state, which lasted at least until 1722, was essentially a "Turkish" dynasty, with Azeri Turkish (Azerbaijan being the family's home base) as the language of the rulers and the court as well as the Qizilbash military establishment. Shah Ismail wrote poetry in Turkish. The administration nevertheless was Persian, and the Persian language was the vehicle of diplomatic correspondence (insha'), of belles-lettres (adab), and of history (tarikh). https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/history/regional-history-1500/turko-persia-historical-perspective?format=PB&isbn=9780521522915 The most successful of those were the Safavids of Ardabīl, a Turkic mystic order that had immigrated there from eastern Anatolia along with seven Turkmen tribes (called Kizilbash[“Redheads”] because of their use of red headgear to symbolize their allegiance); the Safavids used a combined religious and military appeal to conquer most of Iran. https://www.britannica.com/place/Ottoman-Empire/The-peak-of-Ottoman-power-1481-1566 There the Safavids turned from orthodox Sufism to heterodox Shiʿism as a means of gaining the loyalty of the Persians to a Turkish dynasty. https://www.britannica.com/place/Ottoman-Empire/Military-organization Ismail I is the first of fifteen Safavid sovereigns, one of the outstanding Turkish rulers and commanders, the creator of the Safavid Empire influential in the East, a descendant of the heroic family of the founders of the Sufi Order of Safaviye in Ardabil. At the age of seven, he was proclaimed the spiritual head of this Sufi order. https://www.orientalistica.com/jour/article/view/330#
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  1111. The greatest success of the Turks, their history as administrators,has been little appreciated in the West. For six hundred years the Ottoman Empire ruled successfully over a great land, an imperial record that can stand with that of Romans. The Ottomans created an empire of unique toleration, where many peoples and religions kept their own traditions at a time when religious persecution was the rule elsewhere. It was an empire of laws, held together by rules as much as by the personality of the sultan. It is no accident that the great sultan Süleyman, known to the West as The Magnificent, was known to the Turks as The Lawgiver, asign of his and the Empire's true success. If the achievements of the Turks in politics and law are littleknown in America, those in the humanities are even less so. Yet Turkish music, art, architecture, and poetry were the crowning glories, coming as they do from a different cultural tradition. The beauty of Turkish poetry may only be fully appreciated in Turkish and Turkish classical music may not perfectly match whatis expected by Western ears, but the beauty of Turkish art caneasily be seen. The grace of Turkish calligraphy, the colors of Turkish miniature paintings, and the geometric forms of Turkishporcelain tiles are known to be high art by anyone who has seenthem. The great mosques of Istanbul, especially Sinan's Süleymaniye Mosque, rival any buildings in the world. The accomplishments of modern Turkey have been in a different context. The task of the modern Turks was to create a democratic,independent society. In a time of imperialism, Turkey was oneof the few nations to keep its independence, despite great odds against it. Turkey was almost unique outside of Western Europeand North America in its sustained drive to gain democracy. Firs tnoted under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk for its campaign to educateand develop its people to live in the modern world. Turkey now is an economic success and a multiparty democracy. It is one of the few countries of its region that have significantly raised itself up economically, without oil revenues to depend on. Muchremains to be done, but the success is notable. Today, Turkey is a bridge between the Middle East and the West,as well as a bridge between the West and the newly freed lands of Central Asia. It is a state whose people are overwhelmingly Muslim, yet also a state that is thoroughly secular in its lawsand government. The great tradition of Islam is not forgotten,nor is the tradition of western philosophy, government, and technology.
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  1112. Kosovo is Turkia
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  1113.  @alirezadidehvar4709  He didn’t get Persianized, in fact he even insulted and hated Persians a lot.
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  1114. Egypt from Turkey
    6
  1115. From the beginning the Turks were noted for their superior military qualities, which seem to have lain mainly in their use of mounted bowmen and the nomadic speed of their cavalry. From this time on the Caliphs relied to an increasing extent on Turkish troops and commanders, to the detriment of the older cultured peoples in Islam, the Arabs and the Persians. The progressive militarization of the regime increased their strength. By the eleventh century the Turks were entering the world of Islam, not only as individuals recruited by capture or purchase, but by the migration of whole tribes of free nomadic Turks still organized in their own traditional way. Lewis, B. (2002) Arabs in history. Oxford: Oxford University Press, p.160
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  1116.  @persianguy1524  Stop reading pan-iranist social media posts🤣
    6
  1117. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home.
    6
  1118. Yes
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  1119. Underrated topic 👍
    6
  1120.  @alexginger1948  his nationality was Ottoman and ethnicity was Turkic
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  1121. Mongolic and Para-Mongolic languages had tons of Turkic loanwords
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  1122. Persian turtle remix lmfao
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  1123. 🤨
    6
  1124. Cringe
    6
  1125. Such a Great History :0
    6
  1126. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot."
    6
  1127. Krum is Bulgar Turk from Dulo Clan not ethnic bulgarian like other rulers of bulgaria
    6
  1128. Afghanistan being tomb of empires is actually a myth
    6
  1129. Turkey from Turkey :D
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  1130. Türk-İslam devleti işte ne uzatıyorsun
    6
  1131. Derin devletin derin adamları hmmm 🤨🧐
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  1132. When Temüjin was a boy, the center of the steppe world was the Orkhon Valley, the old imperial site of the Türks. The valley was dominated by the Kereit. To the west, on the upper Irtysh River, lay Naiman territory. The Kereit and Naiman, not the Mongols, were masters of the steppe. The Kereit and Naiman elites spoke Turkic and had partially converted to Christianity under the influence of the Nestorian Church. In an effort to out do each other, To'oril of the Kereit and Tayang Qan of the Naiman accumulated men, weapons, alliances, and prestige. Yesügei Ba'atur sided with the Kereit. Later Chinggis Khan would subdue the Kereit and the Naiman in the course of a protracted effort to defeat all challengers among the steppe peoples. The Horde How the Mongols Changed the World Marie Favereau, p.32-33
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  1133. 3:00 These words are completely same in Turkish too😅 (except pronunciation)
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  1134. Khazars, Bulgars, Pechenegs ❤️❤️❤️ all Turkic warrior nomads
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  1135. Atachad❤
    6
  1136.  @Ahmed-cq4xu  they ruled for 35 years and 70 years :)))
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  1137. Dravidic history is so underrated
    6
  1138. Byzantine empire didn’t even exist pls call them Romans just like how people called them in history
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  1139. @~ImaginedByMe~ genetics like Nature proved their Turkic origins
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  1140. Is Silla Korean kingdom of Hunnic origin?
    6
  1141. What a life :-0
    6
  1142. There's saying in the Balkans, " its not a big war until the Turks is involved ". Seizing constantinople and positioning themself right in the middle between east and west gonna make them a relevant geopolitical players for thousands of years to come.
    6
  1143.  @demetriusstiakkogiannakes1326  according to who they were ethnically hellenic🤣🤣🤣 Eastern Roman got ruled by non-hellenic peoples most of the time like Illyrian Justinian dynasty or Armenian Macedonian and Heraclian dynasty. They were not Hellenic by origin. Romans of Armenian, Illyrian, Thracian, Arabic, Aramaic and some Hellenic origin like Komnenos dynasty.
    6
  1144. In short, it is hard to think of any other ethnolinguistic entity in history that conquered so vast a territory and founded so many empires and states, also contributing to world civilizations. The history of the Turkic peoples was an important factor in world history for more than a millennium until the emergence of Europe as the world's dominant power. What happened in the Turkic world often affected the history of China, Central Asia, the Middle East, South Asia, and Europe. One may also argue that world history began with the "Turko-Mongol" empire created by Chinggis Khan. In the contemporary world, Turkic-speaking nations form six states (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, and Turkey/Türkiye) and several "autonomous" units in Russia (the republics of Chuvash, Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Altai, Khakassia, Tuva, and Sakha) and China (the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). Turkic peoples also reside as minority groups in several other countries, including Mongolia and Iran, among others. It would therefore be difficult to acquire a comprehensive understanding of world history as well as our present world without studying the history of the Turkic peoples.
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  1145. Spartopoll yes safavids are turks according to columbia univ
    6
  1146. Although Finnish and Estonian are both Finnic languages, still they are really different.
    6
  1147. Later in the Middle Ages the Turks arrived , those great warriors and conquerors . The Byzantines lost Asia Minor to them and were unable to prevent them from crossing to Europe . The Ottoman Turks conquered the entire Balkan region to the Danube and even beyond , crowning their successes with the capture of Constantinople in 1453 , an event that stunned the western world . They occupied most of Hungary ; Vienna was under threat . Where would they stop ? The Christian world , both western and Byzantine , had certainly every reason to fear Islam .
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  1148. Az Bi The three Islamic empires of the early modern period – the Mughal, the Safavid, and the Ottoman – shared a common Turko-Mongolian heritage. In all three the ruling dynasty was Islamic, the economic system was agrarian, and the military forces were paid in grants of land revenue. Despite these similarities, however, significant differences remained. And, to fully appreciate the individual temporal systems, a brief description of the political, economic, religious, and cultural conditions in each state is necessary. Within the confines of a single chapter, however, it is not possible to review all of the literature and settle all of the controversies. As a result, the brief overview that follows depends, for the most part, on the most recent general histories and surveys. https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/time-in-early-modern-islam/safavid-mughal-and-ottoman-empires/9D55F0A0262017473EC8A9A7ED86C508/core-reader A
    6
  1149. I don’t think that Özay Mehmet is a reliable source 🐸 Prof. Dr. Özay Mehmet FACULTY: Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences BRANCH: Uluslararası Finans
    6
  1150. Two Cringe States 🐦
    6
  1151. I hope👀
    6
  1152. Bitcoin diyince nedense aklıma bitmek bilmeyen Tosuncuklar geliyor :)
    6
  1153. In the kingdom of Timur and his descendants , the inhabitants of Moghulistan were referred to by the pejorative term jätä 3 " robbers " . The expression " the Jätä country " is often used by the historians as a synonym of Mo ghulistan .
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  1154. Hatta Hintlilerin bu isimde bir dizisi de vardı😅
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  1155. Bulgaristan’ın Kuman hanedanları az tokatlamadı bu Latinleri :-)
    6
  1156.  @gilpaubelid3780  Most of rulers weren’t ethnically Greek but Armenian and Illyrian
    6
  1157. Aslında olan biten ortada da söylersek silivri time D:
    6
  1158. Asatrian, Garnik. "Prolegomena to the Study of the Kurds." Iran & the Caucasus 13, no. 1 (2009): 1-57. Accessed September 2, 2020. 27-28; "It seems, the social aspect of the term Kurd was prevalent even in the times of Sharaf Khan (16th century), who used the ("race of Kurds") to imply ethnic groups of different kinds but with similar lifestyles and social and economic setups." p. 27-28.
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  1159. Austro-Hungary was militarily weak state they lost most battles against Serbia and Italy
    6
  1160.  @vladdietheladdie7345 Only Ghurids were Iranians but their army was predominantly Turkic too.
    6
  1161. 🇹🇷
    6
  1162. To justify his stance and claim a common heritage with the Ottomans, he invoked the history of Chinggis Khan: In the time of Chingiz Khan, the leaders of the Turkman tribes, who had left the land of Turan and migrated to Iran and Anatolia, were said to be all of one stock and one lineage. At that time, the exalted ancestor of the dynasty of the ever-increasing state [the Ottoman Empire] headed to Anatolia and our ancestor settled in the provinces of Iran. Since these lineages are interwoven and interconnected, it is hoped that when his royal highness learns of them, he will give royal consent to the establishment of peace between [us]. In a letter presented to the Ottomans after his assumption of the title of shah in 1736 Nadir claimed legitimacy simply as a Turk, stating that “kingship is the ancestral right of the exalted Turkmen tribe.” Thus the rulers of the regional states – the Chinggisid khans of Khiva, the Timurid/Chinggisid Mughals, the Ottomans, and Nadir himself, all had equal legitimacy. Furthermore, in a deliberate attempt to reverse the abandonment of the glorification of Genghis-Khanid descent as a ''branch of the tree of unbelief'' by Ismacil, Nadir tried to revive the pre-Safavid Turkman tribal principles of legitimacy, which had not been given currency since the fifteenth century. In a letter to the Ottoman grand vizier, Nadir states that the dignitaries of Iran gathered in the plain of Mughan "elected our august Majesty to kingship and sovereignty which are the hereditary prerogatives of the noble Turkman tribe." Mulla cAli Akbar, his Mulla-bashi, opens his pan-Islamic sermon in Kufah with the eulogy of Nadir not only as the shadow of God on earth, but also as the scion of the Turkman tree and heir to Genghis Khan. However, after Nadir's death, Safavid descent, often with a marked emphasis on its religious character, remained the most viable ground of legitimacy for rulership.
    6
  1163. Thx Tungusic peoples for killing more than 600000 oirats and destroying dzungar khanate🤣🤣
    6
  1164. Originally brown, now white
    6
  1165. Chadiopia :-)
    6
  1166. Göktürks= Tiele Turks and therefore Xiongnu😍
    6
  1167.  @CheLanguages  According to historical documents, the Khalajs were divided and joined into tribal confederations of Pashtuns, Persians and Indians, which were much more numerous than themselves, and forgot their language. It is known with certainty that they formed the core of the largest Pashtun tribe, the Ghilzai, and gave their own name to this tribe. Some of Khalaj people got assimilated into Oghuz Turks also, there are many Khalaj villages in Azerbaijan and Turkiye although they don’t speak Khalaj anymore.
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  1168. Ottoman arthitecture be like
    6
  1169. NIGJA
    6
  1170. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
    6
  1171. Turkic Empire 😍😍😍
    6
  1172. German Annexation on Germans lol
    6
  1173. How did Brazil become a Football country?
    6
  1174. In short, it is hard to think of any other ethnolinguistic entity in history that conquered so vast a territory and founded so many empires and states, also contributing to world civilizations. The history of the Turkic peoples was an important factor in world history for more than a millennium until the emergence of Europe as the world's dominant power. What happened in the Turkic world often affected the history of China, Central Asia, the Middle East, South Asia, and Europe. One may also argue that world history began with the "Turko-Mongol" empire created by Chinggis Khan. In the contemporary world, Turkic-speaking nations form six states (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, and Turkey/Türkiye) and several "autonomous" units in Russia (the republics of Chuvash, Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Altai, Khakassia, Tuva, and Sakha) and China (the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). Turkic peoples also reside as minority groups in several other countries, including Mongolia and Iran, among others. It would therefore be difficult to acquire a comprehensive understanding of world history as well as our present world without studying the history of the Turkic peoples.
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  1175. Crusades
    6
  1176. Nuclear Map başlarda mö 300lerde
    6
  1177. Atilla GokTurk Haritada mervaniler ve eyyubiler hariç kürt yok🤣🤣🤣🤣😂 8.34 Marvan 9.14 Ayyubids
    6
  1178. Atilla GokTurk Ayrıca haritada Hazarlar unutulmuş Afşar Hanedanı unutulmuş Kaçar Hanedanı unutulmuş
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  1179. @Yusuf Demir türkçe grameri %87 türkçeyken mi bunu diyorsun🤣🤣🤣
    6
  1180. More likely Gigachadic languages :-)
    6
  1181. As the number of evidence of linguistic, ethnographic and socio-political nature show that Bulgars belonged to the group of Turkic peoples.[36][24][26][30] The Bulgars (also Bolgars or proto-Bulgarians[40]) were a semi-nomadic people of Turkic descent, originally from Central Asia, who from the 2nd century onwards dwelled in the steppes north of the Caucasus and around the banks of river Volga (then Itil). https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria Bulgars (< Turkic bulgha- ‘to mix, stir up, disturb’, i.e. ‘rebels’) A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian-Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiongnu (late 3rd cent. ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-820 Many Slavic tribes lived within the boundaries of the state, together with the proto-Bulgarians, a tribe of Turkic origin that had settled in the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 7th century. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boris-I The Bulgars were a Turkic tribal confederation that gave rise to the Balkan Bulgar and Volga Bulgar states.The ethynonym derives from the Turkish bulgha-,”to stir,mix,disturb,confuse.” https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=c788wWR_bLwC&pg=PA354&redir_esc=y&hl=tr#v=onepage&q=Bulgars&f=false (Harvard University Press) The Volga Bulgars, a Turkish tribe then living on the east bank of the Volga River, ... the laws of Islam to the Bulgars, who had recently converted to the religion. http://www.bookrags.com/research/ahmad-ibn-fadlan-ued/#gsc.tab=0 Eastern Bulgars , Bulgars Ancient Turkic people originating in the region n and e of the Black Sea. https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/balkan-states Volga Bulgaria was a northeastern European Turkic state that formed during the 9th century and continued into the first four decades of the 13th century. https://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe009 https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopedia-of-slavic-languages-and-linguistics-online/*-COM_031941 https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-Bulgar+languages https://xn--80ad7bbk5c.xn--p1ai/en/content/brief-history-suvar-bulgars http://bulgarizdat.ru/index.php/book1/article1-1 Bulgars, Eastern bŭl´gärz, –gərz [key], Turkic-speaking people, who possessed a powerful state (10th–14th cent.) at the confluence of the Volga and the Kama, E European Russia. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. Cambridge University Press https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=Ylz4fe7757cC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=proto+bulgars&source=bl&ots=vvGsuu2J3g&sig=ACfU3U2YuPKKdgVQKhoUi2fyDiC99n4N_Q&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiRqIaDlNvmAhWM-yoKHW38DDI4FBDoATAAegQIBRAB#v=onepage&q=proto%20bulgars&f=false Population genetic analysis indicated that Conquerors had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-53105-5 https://hizliresim.com/stAHqu More Sources https://1drv.ms/w/s!ArU3juYblIHghhn2C4hh-bLC8FRi
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  1182. 1:01 Niggadir Shah 😂
    6
  1183.  @nenenindonu ”Mongol” “Tatar” too
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  1184. Abbas Mirza was not a ruler 🐰
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  1185.  @-_--vx5hz  Eastern Romans were referred to as the Roman Empire (Rum) in all Turkic and Arabic sources. Medieval Turks and Arabs knew that they had nothing to do with Hellenic peoples. Even this is enough to refute the nonsense invented by the ultra-nationalist Greeks to portray the state as Greek. The Greeks often resort to such lies to hide that they have always been ruled by others throughout history. And also, the Roman Empire was a single state, a state called eastern rome or byzantine is not mentioned in historical documents. “Imperum Romanum” is always the official name of the state. (Not Imperium Grecum ;) ) Also, the Greeks are trying to steal not only the late Roman empire, but even the Pontus kingdom, which has nothing to do with them 🤣 The Romans really put an end to Hellenism and made you a "nothing" in history. Saying eastern Romans were Greeks is completely bs and misinterpretation, it equals to saying Pontus Empire, Kushan Empire, Sultanate of Rum were also Hellenic empires or Chinggisid Empire, Chagatai Khanate and Ilkhanates were Turkic empires… The Qur'an includes the Surat Ar-Rum, the sura dealing with "the Romans", sometimes translated as "The Byzantines," reflecting a term now used in the West. These Romans of the 7th century, referred to as Byzantines in modern Western scholarship, were the inhabitants of the surviving Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire. Since all ethnic groups within the Roman empire had been granted citizenship by 212 AD, these eastern peoples had come to label themselves Ρωμιοί or Ῥωμαῖοι Romaioi (Romans), using the word for Roman citizen in the eastern lingua franca of Koine Greek. This citizenship label became "Rûm" in Arabic. The Eastern Roman, or Byzantine, Empire traced its origin as an institution to the foundation of Constantinople as the new capital of the Roman Empire in 330 by Constantine the Great. The Byzantine Empire survived the 5th century, when the Western Roman Empire fell, more or less intact and its populace continually maintained that they were Romaioi (Romans), not Hellenes (Greeks), even as the empire's borders gradually became reduced to in the end only encompassing Greek-speaking lands. Nicol 1992, p. ix.
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  1186. Mario Vega University sources saying bulgars are Onogur Turks you ignorant
    6
  1187. Peter Todorov As the number of evidence of linguistic, ethnographic and socio-political nature show that Bulgars belonged to the group of Turkic peoples.[36][24][26][30] The Bulgars (also Bolgars or proto-Bulgarians[40]) were a semi-nomadic people of Turkic descent, originally from Central Asia, who from the 2nd century onwards dwelled in the steppes north of the Caucasus and around the banks of river Volga (then Itil). https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria Bulgars (< Turkic bulgha- ‘to mix, stir up, disturb’, i.e. ‘rebels’) A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian-Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiongnu (late 3rd cent. ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-820 Many Slavic tribes lived within the boundaries of the state, together with the proto-Bulgarians, a tribe of Turkic origin that had settled in the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 7th century. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boris-I The Bulgars were a Turkic tribal confederation that gave rise to the Balkan Bulgar and Volga Bulgar states.The ethynonym derives from the Turkish bulgha-,”to stir,mix,disturb,confuse.” https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=c788wWR_bLwC&pg=PA354&redir_esc=y&hl=tr#v=onepage&q=Bulgars&f=false (Harvard University Press) The Volga Bulgars, a Turkish tribe then living on the east bank of the Volga River, ... the laws of Islam to the Bulgars, who had recently converted to the religion. http://www.bookrags.com/research/ahmad-ibn-fadlan-ued/#gsc.tab=0 Eastern Bulgars , Bulgars Ancient Turkic people originating in the region n and e of the Black Sea. https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/balkan-states Volga Bulgaria was a northeastern European Turkic state that formed during the 9th century and continued into the first four decades of the 13th century. https://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe009 https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopedia-of-slavic-languages-and-linguistics-online/*-COM_031941 https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-Bulgar+languages https://xn--80ad7bbk5c.xn--p1ai/en/content/brief-history-suvar-bulgars http://bulgarizdat.ru/index.php/book1/article1-1 Bulgars, Eastern bŭl´gärz, –gərz [key], Turkic-speaking people, who possessed a powerful state (10th–14th cent.) at the confluence of the Volga and the Kama, E European Russia. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. Cambridge University Press https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=Ylz4fe7757cC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=proto+bulgars&source=bl&ots=vvGsuu2J3g&sig=ACfU3U2YuPKKdgVQKhoUi2fyDiC99n4N_Q&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiRqIaDlNvmAhWM-yoKHW38DDI4FBDoATAAegQIBRAB#v=onepage&q=proto%20bulgars&f=false Population genetic analysis indicated that Conquerors had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-53105-5 https://hizliresim.com/stAHqu More Sources https://1drv.ms/w/s!ArU3juYblIHghhn2C4hh-bLC8FRi
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  1188. As the number of evidence of linguistic, ethnographic and socio-political nature show that Bulgars belonged to the group of Turkic peoples.[36][24][26][30] The Bulgars (also Bolgars or proto-Bulgarians[40]) were a semi-nomadic people of Turkic descent, originally from Central Asia, who from the 2nd century onwards dwelled in the steppes north of the Caucasus and around the banks of river Volga (then Itil). https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria Bulgars (< Turkic bulgha- ‘to mix, stir up, disturb’, i.e. ‘rebels’) A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian-Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiongnu (late 3rd cent. ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-820 Many Slavic tribes lived within the boundaries of the state, together with the proto-Bulgarians, a tribe of Turkic origin that had settled in the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 7th century. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boris-I The Bulgars were a Turkic tribal confederation that gave rise to the Balkan Bulgar and Volga Bulgar states.The ethynonym derives from the Turkish bulgha-,”to stir,mix,disturb,confuse.” https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=c788wWR_bLwC&pg=PA354&redir_esc=y&hl=tr#v=onepage&q=Bulgars&f=false (Harvard University Press) The Volga Bulgars, a Turkish tribe then living on the east bank of the Volga River, ... the laws of Islam to the Bulgars, who had recently converted to the religion. http://www.bookrags.com/research/ahmad-ibn-fadlan-ued/#gsc.tab=0 Eastern Bulgars , Bulgars Ancient Turkic people originating in the region n and e of the Black Sea. https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/balkan-states Volga Bulgaria was a northeastern European Turkic state that formed during the 9th century and continued into the first four decades of the 13th century. https://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe009 https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopedia-of-slavic-languages-and-linguistics-online/*-COM_031941 https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-3/bulghars-COM_23726 https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-Bulgar+languages https://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Bulgars https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Bulgar https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Bolgars https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Bulgars https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-bulgarians https://xn--80ad7bbk5c.xn--p1ai/en/content/brief-history-suvar-bulgars http://bulgarizdat.ru/index.php/book1/article1-1 Bulgars, Eastern bŭl´gärz, –gərz [key], Turkic-speaking people, who possessed a powerful state (10th–14th cent.) at the confluence of the Volga and the Kama, E European Russia. https://www.factmonster.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern (Cambridge University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=Ylz4fe7757cC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=proto+bulgars&source=bl&ots=vvGsuu2J3g&sig=ACfU3U2YuPKKdgVQKhoUi2fyDiC99n4N_Q&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiRqIaDlNvmAhWM-yoKHW38DDI4FBDoATAAegQIBRAB#v=onepage&q=proto%20bulgars&f=false Population genetic analysis indicated that Conquerors had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-53105-5 https://hizliresim.com/stAHqu (Bulgar genetic proximity) Thus supporting the view that Tatars may be descendents of ancient Bulgars. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22520580/ Onogur-Bulgars had been part of the Hunnic people, and after the death of Attila’s son Irnik, European Hun remains fused with the Onogurs. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/250688v1.full However, given the common Turkic genetic background of the Bulgars and Khazars, these ethnicities may be difficult to tell apart either archaeologically or genetically. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2019.12.15.876912v1.full.pdf Most Tatars trace their descent to Volga Bulgars, a medieval Turkic people who have inhabited the Middle Volga and lower Kama region. https://online.ucpress.edu/search-results?page=1&q=Bulgars Population genetic results indicate that they had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6193700/ Population genetic results indicate that they had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0205920&type=printable Onogur-Bulgars had been part of the Hunnic people, and after the death of Attila’s son Irnik, European Hun remains fused with the Onogurs. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6193700/ Caucasus as the first Turkic peoples (Avars, Bulgars, Huns, Khazars, Pechenegs) arrived. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Exile https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.2307/2849381?journalCode=spc https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.2307/2853091?journalCode=spc https://brill.com/view/book/edcoll/9789047423560/Bej.9789004163898.i-492_006.xml
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  1189. Turkic peoples are far older than Xiongnu Lol
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  1190.  @thefaramith8876  the same way Finnic peoples are far older than existence of the term Finn.
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  1191.  @cyrusthegreat7030  The Ilkhanid realm was officially known as land of Iran or simply Iran.[10][11]
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  1192.  @Letnistonwandif  Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
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  1193. Happy everbody (except Russians) noises
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  1194. In his research of the Volga Bulgar-Khazar connections, Mardzani repeatedly states that these two nations were, in fact, one nation from an ethnic point of view. With reference to Arab writers, he also maintains that the language of the Khazars and that of the Volga Bulgars were very similar, if not one language: From various accounts of the Muslim scholars of history and from the knowledge derived from their numerous books, it follows that in ancient times the Khazars and the Bulgars were two names of one nation which inhabited that country [the Khazar Empire]. In later times, when that great independent state broke into two, the southern part of it was called Khazaria, whereas the northern part became famous under the name of Bulgaria. If this statement of Mardzani is to a large extent correct, which we will try to investigate further in the next section the language spoken by Ibn Fadlan in Bulgaria was essentially the Khazar language. Being of Turkic origin, this tongue, as well as its northern Volga Bulgar dialect was, in comparison with the Turkic dialects of the steppe nomad Turks, already influenced by the terminology of urban life enjoyed in 922 by both the Khazars and the Volga Bulgars. It meant that the basic culture of the Khazars and the Volga Bulgars was very similar, and that Baghdad's plan to enforce the pro-Muslim element in the Judaic Khazar oligarchy by converting the whole of Volga Bulgaria into Islam was even better thought of than was discussed before. Moreover, as we will see, this plan actually paid off when, upon the eventual fall of the Khazars, the Volga Bulgaria started to play a major economic and cultural role in the area. It is important that both Ibn Rusta and al-Ma'sudi were contemporaries of Ibn Fadlan. Whenever their accounts of the region might have been compiled, that is, slightly before or almost immediately after the sojourn of the Caliph's delegation, it is clear that Islam was already if not fully established, than very much present on the lower reaches of the Volga. The question for the delegation thus was rather of increasing the political importance of Islam in the area than of its actual introduction to the Volga Bulgars. From this point of view, it is apparent why Mardzani and other scholars speak of the introduction of Islam to the Volga Bulgars as early as at the end of 8th century.
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  1195.  @georgios_5342  muhhh the gayreeks wuz angelz and sheeeet bro👁️👄👁️
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  1196. Tiele Turkic origin and closely related to Xiongnu
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  1197.  @محمدالفدعاني-ط2ث  Ibn Khaldun was a Pan-Tork bro😂
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  1198.  @azarshadakumuktir4551  As is well known, Louis subsequently began his ignominious retreat that lead to the surrender of himself and his army. This is how Ibn al-Furat sums up the great victory at al-Mansura: Things were near to a total defeat involving the complete destruction of Islam, but Almighty God sent salvation. The damned King of France (al-malik raydafrans < roi de France) reached the door of the pavillion of the Sultan al-Malik al-Salih and matters were at the most critical and difficult state. But then the Turkish Bahri squadron and the Jamdaris, mamluks of the Sultan, amongst them the commander Rukn al-Din Baybars al-Bunduqdari al-Salihi al-Najmi, showed their superiority and launched a great attack on the Franks which shook them and demolished their formations … this was the first encounter in which the polytheist dogs were defeated by means of the Turkish lions (wa-kanat hādhahi al-waq`a awwal wāqi`a untusira fīhā bi-usūd al-turk `alā kilāb al-shirk). 15 I hope that you have noticed the nice rhyme at the end: turk/shirk. The latter term has extremely negative connotations in Islam, harking back to the opponents of Muhammad in Mecca and their pagan religion. The labeling of the Christians in this context is not a coincidence and more than just a desire for a proper rhyme. The Franks are associated with the worst enemies in Islam. But this is an aside. What is important for our purposes here is the Mamluks are exalted for their hero-ism, and recognized for their Turkishness. The latter is what enabled the former. If the price for protection against Franks and Mongols was rule by a foreign born caste of slave soldiers, so be it. Amitai, ‘Military Slavery in the Islamic World: 1000 Years of a Social-Military Institution,’ published online in Medieval Mediterranean Slavery: Comparative Studies on Slavery and the Slave Trade in Muslim, Christian, and Jewish Societies (8th–15th Centuries), – (August 2007)
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  1199. Ottomans made very big mistake😢
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  1200. 😍😍😍😍😍😍😍😍
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  1201. Fun Fact: There are also many Turkic (Oghuz, Kipchak, Bulgar etc.) words in East Slavic languages ​​since many Turkic empires and tribes ruled Ukraine.
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  1202. At some point during the second half of the early eleventh century, after living for a long time among Turkic populations and studying their languages and traditions, Mahmud al-Kashghari produced a well-documented work about the "Turks." According to him, only the Qirqiz, the Qipchaq, the Oghuz and five other tribes spoke a pure Turkic language, while the languages of the Bulgars, Suvars and Pech enegs Bačänäk), while undoubtedly Turkic, had been altered by foreign influences. Mahmud al-Kashgari believed that initially there were very few differences between all those languages, all phonetical." He saw the linguistic fragmentation as a natural phenomenon, given the vast area, between the Byzantine and the Chinese frontiers, in which those peoples lived. Spinei, V., 2009. The Romanians and the Turkic nomads north of the Danube Delta from the tenth to the mid-thirteenth century. Leiden: Brill, pp.181, 182.
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  1203. @Peter Todorov Since 1989, Bulgarian nationalism continues to live off cosy reminiscences of the ‘Revival Process’ ideology. Anti-Turkish rhetoric is now reflected in the theories that challenge the thesis of Turkic origin of the Proto-Bulgars. Alongside the ‘Iranian’ or ‘Aryan’ theory, there appeared arguments favouring an autochthonous origin... The ‘parahistoric’ theories, very often politically loaded and have almost nothing to do with objective scientific research in the field of Proto-Bulgarian Studies, could be summarized in several directions:...3)‘Aryan roots’ and the ‘enigmatic Eurasian homeland’. Meanwhile, another group of authors is looking eagerly for the supposed homeland of the ancient Bulgarians in the vast areas of Eurasia, perhaps by conscious or unconscious opposition to the pro-Western orientation of modern Bulgaria. At the same time, with little regard for consistency, they also oppose the Turkic theory, probably because this is in sharp contradiction with the anti-Turkish feelings shared by nationalistic circles. (Dobrev 2005; 2007.) in Claudia-Florentina Dobre, Cristian Emilian ed., Quest for a Suitable Past: Myths and Memory in Central and Eastern Europe, Central European University Press, 2018, ISBN 9633861365, pp. 142-143.
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  1204. Turks conquered India many times long before British Empire
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  1205.  @aol8166  saying by arabized berber lmao🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🐸🐸🐸 are you ok kid??? By this logic Fatimids were better empire than Holy Roman Empire just because of size🤣
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  1206.  @HM-nh7nc  he just spreaded some pseudo history lol😅
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  1207. 😍😍😍😻😻😻
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  1208. You ask us also in your epistle: "Of what people, of what family, and of what tribe are you?" Know that we are descended from Japheth, through his son Togarmah. [In Jewish literature Togarmah is the father of all the Turks.] I have found in the genealogical books of my ancestors that Togarmah had ten sons. These are their names: the eldest was Ujur, the second Tauris, the third Avar, the fourth Uauz, the fifth Bizal, the sixth Tarna, the seventh Khazar, the eighth Janur, the ninth Bulgar, the tenth Sawir. [These are the mythical founders of tribes that once lived in the neighborhood of the Black and Caspian Seas.] I am a descendant of Khazar, the seventh son. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khazar_Correspondence#King_Joseph's_reply
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  1209. Earthquake😭😭😭
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  1210. Bizimkiler doluşmuş yorumlara😅
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  1211. Happy Thai noises
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  1212. Turkic dynasty 😍😍😍
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  1213. Although both leaders died, the Ottoman victory in the Battle of Kosovo helped them secure control over Serbian principalities, which thus became (voluntarily or not) Ottoman vassals.
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  1214. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
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  1215. Cypriot Greek, which has a certain amount of regional variation, is markedly different from Standard Greek not only for historical reasons but also because of geographical isolation, different settlement patterns, and extensive contact with typologically distinct languages. The syntax of Cypriot Greek is almost identical with that of Standard Greek, but there are differences in morphol ogy and considerable differences in lexicon and phonology (Papapavlou 1994). The main phonological differences include the presence in Cypriot of palato-alveolar affri cates, and of geminate consonants, includ ing in word-initial position (Newton 1972). Although the differences in syntax, mor phology and phonology are not enormous, the Cypriot dialect and Standard Greek are not particularly readily intelligible (Papa pavlou 1994), probably mostly because the lexicon of Cypriot has significantly more. lexical items of non-Greek origin (Chat zioyannou 1936). Ammon, U., Dittmar, N., Mattheier, K. and Trudgill, P., n.d. Sociolinguistics/ Soziolinguistik. Volume 3. p.1886.
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  1216. The Qur'an includes the Surat Ar-Rum, the sura dealing with "the Romans", sometimes translated as "The Byzantines," reflecting a term now used in the West. These Romans of the 7th century, referred to as Byzantines in modern Western scholarship, were the inhabitants of the surviving Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire. Since all ethnic groups within the Roman empire had been granted citizenship by 212 AD, these eastern peoples had come to label themselves Ρωμιοί or Ῥωμαῖοι Romaioi (Romans), using the word for Roman citizen in the eastern lingua franca of Koine Greek. This citizenship label became "Rûm" in Arabic. The Eastern Roman, or Byzantine, Empire traced its origin as an institution to the foundation of Constantinople as the new capital of the Roman Empire in 330 by Constantine the Great. The Byzantine Empire survived the 5th century, when the Western Roman Empire fell, more or less intact and its populace continually maintained that they were Romaioi (Romans), not Hellenes (Greeks), even as the empire's borders gradually became reduced to in the end only encompassing Greek-speaking lands. Nicol 1992, p. ix.
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  1217. Ultra-Angry Turkic noises
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  1218. Niye Eurovisiona katılmıyoruz çok saçma😐 Ülkemizi ileriye taşımamızın önüne geçiyorlar.
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  1219. Romans were Etruscans
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  1220. For the eastern provinces of Byzantium the Persian invasions marked the final break with the secure world of classical antiquity. In the Balkan provinces the break had already taken place. Even during the reign of Justinian the Balkans had been threatened by various Turkic peoples, nomadic Bulgars from the steppes, and much of Justinian's defensive building programme had been directed against their raids. In the second half of the sixth century a new danger arose, that of an alliance between nomadic and more settled peoples. The more settled people were the Slavs, historically well attested but archaeologically difficult to identify, who seem to have moved south in large numbers from the river valleys of central and northern Europe. In south Russia they can perhaps be identified with the culture group who owned the Martynovka Hoard, a collection of silver jewellery whose decoration bears out the agricultural interests of this essentially pastoral people. The nomadic group under whose influence the Slavs fell were the Avars, one of the fiercest of the Turkic peoples to emerge from the Asian steppes, who had left a trail of destruction from as far afield as China. Their horse burials and characteristic jewellery make them easily identifiable, and though relatively few in number, they seem to have exerted a military hegemony over the more numerous Slavs. The two groups crossed the Danube in the 580s and seized a succession of Balkan towns and cities, reaching far south into the Peloponnese, until only a few coastal territories were left in Byzantine hands. There was considerable resistance at first, espe cially under the emperor Maurice in the 590s, but when Phocas seized power in 602 he no longer attempted to hold the Danube frontier, and the pace and density of Avar-Slav settlement greatly increased.
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  1221. 🤮
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  1222. :)
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  1223. Bologna through the Christian courts of Europe in 1460–61 / 864-66 to drum up support for yet another crusade against the " Grand Turk ” in Istanbul.4 Thus did the name of Uzun Hasan , the “ Little Turk , ” first become known in Poland, Hungary, the Hapsburg Empire, Venice, Rome, Florence, France, and Burgundy.
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  1224. Love Azerbaijan from Turkey❤❤❤❤❤
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  1225. Serbkanderbeg
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  1226.  @bghn4114  We must consider the fact that, from about 977 until 1925, hence for about 1,000 years, Turkish (and Mongolian) dynasties reigned over Iran. The Turkish vocabulary in Persian belongs preponderantly to the fields of government ate, law, army, warfare, armaments, and booty. Turkish was the language of the soldiers and the court. While the court of Delhi, i.e., the Turkish court of India, spoke Persian, the official language of the Safavi court (six teenth century onward) was Azerbaijan Turkish, so that Kaempfer¹⁹ remarked in 1685 "ut pene nunc turpe sit in Persiâ viro alicujus nominis ignorare Turcicam . . . ita ab exteris diligitur quae in ipsâ patriâ sordet magnatibus," "that it is almost ugly in Persia for a man of any renown to ignore Turkish, and so that [the Persian language] is esteemed abroad which in its own country is despised by the noble men." Many aristocratic titles were Turkish, just as the English titles Hovannisian, R. and Sabagh, G., 1998. The Persian presence in the Islamic world. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p.240.
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  1227.  @SpartanLeonidas1821  Turkic history in India or Iran > the entire Hellenic history
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  1228. Slavs are also not indigenous to Balkans :)
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  1229. 🤨
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  1230. Angry Austrian noises
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  1231. Aman aman
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  1232. Thx. Not to mention Turkic Islamic dynasties ruled Bengal like Khaljis of Bengal.
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  1233. 😍
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  1234. 25 iq race
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  1235. Jazzar Pasha😎
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  1236. In a study revealed by Alexander Lyon Mcfie in his book The End of the Ottoman Empire (2014), on the economic and social history of the Ottoman Turks, it unstoppable military was found that throughout force.
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  1237. The Achaemenids and Sassanids got destroyed by a Hellenic and Arabic tribe respectively Parthians had their capital countless times sacked by Romans and post Islamic Persia was basically a playground for Arabs, Turks, and Mongols as we all know
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  1238. Long live Turkic peoples we destroyed this mighty empire
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  1239. Hungary from Turkey
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  1240. Following the Battle of Preveze , which made Barbarossa unquestioningly the greatest admiral of naval history , the Mediterranean Sea as if became a Turkish Lake.
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  1241. Turp
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  1242. Romania was small at that time :0
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  1243. During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries , understanding the Turks ' military organization , given the credit for the greatest empire since antiquity , became a major European preoccupation . Speake, J., n.d. Literature of travel and exploration. p.891. By the middle of the 16th century, the Turks arguably possessed the greatest empire in the world. A History of the Middle East Paperback – March 15, 2006 by Saul S. Friedman (Author) p.181
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  1244. Make video about forgotten Turkic languages :)
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  1245. 🇹🇷
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  1246. Suetonius's anecdote about Tiberius and Zeno is a fairly banal instance of an ancient author referring to the Greek dialects. As such, it represents a rather low level of awareness of dialectal variation. Several centuries before Suetonius, the Greek historian Herodotus (c. 485-424 BC) was more conscious of Greek diver sification, as he was in a position to distinguish four different varieties of lonic Greek in Asia Minor, part of present-day Turkey. He refers to them as trópous tésseras paragógéön, 'four manners of deviations,', and kharakteres glosses tésseres, 'four distinctions of tongue'.' Herodotus's wording indicates that he could not yet rely on an established conceptual apparatus and a corresponding metalanguage to talk about dialectal diversity. Instead, he had to resort to words lacking an obvious semantic link with language at that time, such as kharakter (xapakтýp), 'character(istic); distinctive mark; stamp', trópos (pónos), 'way; manner', and paragoge (mapayary), which for Herodotus apparently meant something like 'deviation', 'twisting', or 'seduction'. Paragógé did later become a metalinguistic term meaning 'derived form' and 'inflection', whereas the root kharak- featured prominently in later Greek definitions of the term dialektos." Some generations later, the Athenian general and notoriously difficult histori ographer Thucydides (second half of the fifth century BC) went a little further still by trying to make sense of the different Greek dialects and to characterize their interrelationships. He reported, for instance, on a case of dialect mixture on Sicily (Historiae 6.5.1). The inhabitants of the city of Himera spoke, Thucydides claimed, a variety that occupied a middle ground between Chalcidian lonic and Doric, an assertion for which there is, by the way, no historical evidence (Vassallo 2005: 89). The Athenian historian also mentioned that the Greek spoken by the Aetolians was not understood by other Greeks (Historiae 3.94.5), thus apparently proving that not all varieties of Greek were mutually intelligible. Van Rooy, R. (2021). Language or Dialect? (p. 16)). Oxford: Oxford University Press USA - OSO.
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  1247.  @samitori9854  All of Turkish dialects are entirely mutually intelligible, even Gagauz and Azerbaijani which are considered as seperate languages are more than 90% mutually intelligle with Turkish. Whereas Kurdish is even larger concept than Oghuz, just watch the video again and look at the difference of Kurmanji and Sorani rather than spreading PKK based Pan-Kurdish propaganda.
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  1248. The Abbasid caliphs found out that the Greeks and the Armenians made inferior mamluks compared to the Turks (Ayalon 1996: 309). This was because of the Turks' superior horsemanship and skill with the composite bows.
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  1249. Due to the Mongol onslaught, families of Turks fled Central Asia to find refuge in the borderlands of the Muslim world. The Turks, being traditional nomads, were capable of quickly and easily adapting to whatever lands they entered, including former Byzantine domains. Ever since the Seljuks defeated the Byzantines at the Battle of Manzikert in 1071, Anatolia had been open to Turkish conquest and settlement. When the Mongols entered the region in the thirteenth century, the remnants of the Seljuk domain were crushed for good, and Anatolia was ruled by numerous Turkish dynasties scattered throughout the peninsula. These small states, known as beyliks, were usually based around charismatic military leaders known as beys. a world The reasons for this are difficult to ascertain, but the fact that his beylik bordered the crumbling Byzantine state was important. One bey, Osman, managed a small warrior state on the very edge of the Byzantine Empire. Out of the numerous beyliks in Anatolia, his was the one that would rise to become a world power. The reasons for this are difficult to ascertain, but the fact that his beylik bordered the crumbling Byzantine state was important. The Byzantines were a shadow of their former selves. The once mighty empire only controlled Constantinople, Greece and parts of the Balkans by the carly 1300s. They were still recovering from the disastrous Latin rule of Constantinople from 1204 to 1261, which effectively ended Constantinople's reign as the world's largest and greatest city. Osman was able to take advantage of the Byzantines weaknesses and aimed at constant expansion of his domain into Byzantine lands. He was further aided in his quest by the fact that refugees from the rest of the Muslim world were fleeing Mongol slaughter, providing a valuable source of manpower to the small beylik. In this context, the idea of external jihad against the per- ceived enemies of Islam was revived as Osman led his soldiers in raids against the same enemy whom the Rashidun, Umayyads and Abbasids had fought against centuries before. The traditional establishment of the Ottoman state ("Ottoman" being a corruption of "Osmani", the Turkish name for Osman's empire) is considered to be 1299, although this date may be arbi- trary. As the roaming band of warriors led by Osman and his son Orhan acquired more Byzantine towns, the Ottoman beylik began to resemble a stable state more than the territory controlled by a band of nomadic Turks. By the time Osman died in 1326, the Ottomans had captured their first major city, Bursa, which became the first Ottoman capital. Orhan continued in the gazi tradition of his father, leading warriors against the Byzantines all the way up to the shores of the Sea of Marmara, less than 100 kilometers from Constantinople. He also began to adapt the Turks to a more sedentary lifestyle. The Byzantine cities in Anatolia were established urban centers with strong fortifications. The Ottomans could no longer rely on the traditional raiding tactics that had been so beneficial to the Turks for hundreds of years. Instead, they began to lay siege to cities, surrounding them and aiming to squeeze them into surrender. The Byzantines, being preoccupied with civil disturbances in the Balkans in the early 1300s, were unable to protect their last remaining outposts in Asia. and the Ottomans quickly expanded their domain. As the Byzan- tines weakened, the Ottomans strengthened. In the first few decades of the 1300s, they had gone from a small tribal band of warriors to the most powerful beylik in Anatolia, and a serious threat to the continuation of the Byzantine Empire. They were so much of a threat that the Byzantine emperor Adronicus was forced in 1333 to meet with Orhan to discuss tributary payments to the Ottomans in exchange for the safety of some of the last remaining Byzantine fortresses. As the fourteenth century wore on, the Ottomans continued to expand into territory that had not seen Muslim armies since the Umayyad raids on Constantinople almost 700 years before. In the 1350s, the Ottomans crossed the Dardanelles Straits into Europe for the first time. Taking advantage of Byzantine disunity in the region, Sultan Orhan, and later his son, Murad I. were able to firmly establish Ottoman authority in parts of Thrace. The Turks, with their nomadic history, managed to easily move entire families and tribes into the new European frontier and establish new towns throughout the conquered lands. This huge demographic move- ment gave the Ottomans stability in an area that would have oth- erwise been a challenge to manage.
    5
  1250. 😹😹😹😹😹😹
    5
  1251.  @Εμπρός-μ4ω  Most of Kurmanji people don’t know their language also
    5
  1252. Selim the Grim
    5
  1253. Müq video
    5
  1254. Mongol theory is myth btw
    5
  1255. Sad Iberian noises🤨
    5
  1256.  @Orgil.  According to various early islamic sources, they even existed before mongols :-)
    5
  1257.  @Orgil.  What Para-Mongolic speaking Rouran or Turkic speaking Xiongnu has to do with Mongolic peoples?
    5
  1258. Ottomans vassalized most of Arabia and ruled big part of Arabs
    5
  1259. Turkic empire*
    5
  1260. Rums are Hellenized Anatolians not Greeks
    5
  1261.  @nenenindonu  Ottoman Empire > Spanish Empire ofc
    5
  1262.  @Tamara-nn1wr  Azerbaijan was part of Turkic empire Qajar Empire in 1828🤣 Your imaginary Persian Empire didn’t exist at that time
    5
  1263.  @nenenindonu  😅😅😅 now we got another low iq
    5
  1264. You are right 👍 azerbaijani is not even language but a turkish dialect
    5
  1265. Turkey Islam
    5
  1266. Crobosalgarbians
    5
  1267. Dario Moreno Lan yazıyorlar ya bi de kürt lider diye😂😂🤣🤣🤣
    5
  1268. :)
    5
  1269. Quora be like
    5
  1270. They were Turks from Kyrgyzstan(Alp Tigin)who migrated to afghanistan
    5
  1271. Basil II the Bulgar Slayer
    5
  1272. Ottoman Empire 😍 best empire in history
    5
  1273. Make video about Battle of Preveza🌝
    5
  1274.  @basedbulgar5240  🤓🤓
    5
  1275. Before the rise of Genghis Khan Mongolic was spreading at westward and absorbing Turkic speakers (Janhunen, 2008). During the Mongol expansion, Turkic speakers whose tribes and states had been incorporated into the Mongol empire were so much more numerous than Mongols that, although Mongolian was the language of command, it was Turkic rather than Mongolic speech that was chiefly spread across Central Asia and the central and western steppe.
    5
  1276. :0
    5
  1277. Videoda ne anlatılıyor biri özetleyebilir mi?
    5
  1278.  @mahmoodali5043  in which parallel universe🤣
    5
  1279.  @ryansmith8345  Ottomans used Old Anatolian Turkish and Ottoman Turkish as lingua franca. What do you mean by saying “spoke in their early centuries” ?
    5
  1280. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire. And we are still very influential.
    5
  1281. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
    5
  1282. Comment section😐😐😐
    5
  1283. While there is much more than this to the Turks, it is true that Turks rank among history's great empire-builders and rulers. Under the Ottomans they conquered vast territories in the Balkans and the Middle East and ruled for six hundred years. Turkey Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments pp.30
    5
  1284.  @xNazgrel  Honorable mention: de la Vaissière 2012, pp. 144–155. "The Huns are beyond doubt the political and ethnic inheritors of the old Xiongnu empire" The link established by the original Weishu between the Hephtalites and the Gaoju may mean that the Hephtalites were a Turkish tribe and , more precisely , an Oghuric one , as the Gaoju are regarded as inheritors of the old Tiele confederation supposed to be the origin of the various Oghuric tribes . DE LA VAISSIÈRE, ÉTIENNE. “Is There a ‘Nationality of the Hephtalites’?” Bulletin of the Asia Institute, vol. 17, 2003, pp. 119–32. Other scholars such as de la Vaissière, based on a recent reappraisal of the Chinese sources, suggest that the Hephthalites were initially of Turkic origin, and later adopted the Bactrian language, first for administrative purposes, and possibly later as a native language; according to Rezakhani (2017), this thesis is seemingly the "most prominent at present".[59][60][61] Meanwhile, regarding the origin of the Hephthalites, the recent most dominant opinion holds that they were Turks. Lang, T., n.d. Artifact, text, context. p.196. More recently, it has been argued on the basis of Chinese sources that the Hephthalites were of Turkic origins and later adopted the Bactrian language after settling in Ṭukhāristān. Haug, R., n.d. The eastern frontier. However, in more recent times the theory that they spoke a Turkish language has gained trac-tion. Sajjad Nejatie 2019, Reflections on the prehistory of the Abdālī Afghans Rezakhani, Khodadad (2017). ReOrienting the Sasanians: East Iran in Late Antiquity. Edinburgh University Press. p. 135. ISBN 9781474400305. The suggestion that the Hephthalites were originally of Turkic origin and only later adopted Bactrian as their administrative, and possibly native, language (de la Vaissière 2007: 122) seems to be most prominent at present. HLA VAISSIÈRE, ÉTIENNE. “Is There a ‘Nationality of the Hephtalites’?” Bulletin of the Asia Institute, vol. 17, 2003, pp. 119–132. Weishu, vol. 103 txt: "高車，[...] 其語略與匈奴同而時有小異，或云其先匈奴之甥也", tr: "The Gaoju, [...] their language and the Xiongnu's are similar though differ a little; or to say it differently, they are the sororal nephews/sons-in-laws of the Xiongnu" de la Vaissière proposes underlying Turkic Yeti-Al, later translated to Iranian Haft-Al ^ de la Vaissière also cited Sims-Williams, who noted that the initial η- ē of the Bactrian form ηβοδαλο Ēbodālo precluded etymology based on Iranian haft and consequently hypothetical underlying Turkic yeti "seven" ^ Similar crowns are known in other seals such as the seal of "Kedīr, the hazāruxt" ("Kedir the Chiliarch"), dated by Sims-Williams to the last quarter of the 5th century CE from the paleography of the inscription.[29] Reference for the exact datation: Sundermann, Hintze & de Blois (2009), p. 218, note 14 [d] La Vaissière (2012: 144–150) pointed out that "[a] recently published seal gives the title of a fifth-century lord of Samarkand as 'king of the Oglar Huns.'" (βαγο ογλαρ(γ)ο – υονανο).[69][70] See the seal and this reading of the inscription in Hans Bakker (2020: 13, note 17), referencing from Sim-Williams (2011: 72-74).[71] "Oglar" is thought to derive from the Turk oǧul-lar > oǧlar "sons; princes" plus an Iranian adjective suffix -g.[72]Alternatively, and less likely, "Oglarg" could correspond to "Walkon", and thus the Alchon Huns, although the seal is closer to Kidarites coin types.[72] Another seal found in the Kashmir reads "ολαρ(γ)ο" (seal AA2.3).[71] The Kashmir seal was published by Grenet, Ur-Rahman, and Sims-Williams (2006:125-127) who compared ολαργο Ularg on the seal to the ethnonym οιλαργανο "people of Wilarg" attested in a Bactrian document written in 629 CE.[73] The style of the sealings is related to the Kidarites, and the title "Kushanshah" is known to have disappeared with the Kidarites.[74]
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  1285. Did he know Turkic?
    5
  1286.  @uguryzg  The 2005 edition of Güncel Türkçe Sözlük, the official dictionary of the Turkish language published by Turkish Language Association, contains 104,481 words, of which about 86% are Turkish and 14% are of foreign origin.[1] Among the most significant foreign contributors to Turkish vocabulary are Arabic, French, Persian, Italian, English and Greek.[2]
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  1287.  @Ponjatnaja_istorija  Afsharid Empire was also an Oghuz Turkic Empire just like Ottoman Empire
    5
  1288. Karabogas😎
    5
  1289. Turkey 😻😻😻😍😍😍
    5
  1290. There are more than 50 language families in Papua 💀💀💀
    5
  1291. Timur’un Türklüğü Babürname’de bile geçer bu gerizekalı hala moğol diyor delirecem yaw güya Türk değilmiş de Türkleşmiş Moğolmuş🤣🤣😃 Moğollaşmış Türk olmasın o sakın Cengiz Han Barlas Tatarlarını moğollaştırdı
    5
  1292. Al-Jahiz is not the only medieval writer who viewed the Turks as the best soldiers. Nizam al-Mulk (the great Seljuk vizier) and Qay Qavus Ibn Iskandar (one of the last rulers of the North Iranian Ziyarid dynasty) both authored works of Persian advice literature or mirrors for princes, predating Machiavelli’s writing by about six centuries. Both of these authors extol the martial virtues of the Turks, stating that no group or race is more courageous, loyal, or skilled at war. They argue that a portion of the army must be composed of them, stating that thousands of young Turks must be recruited and trained in the ruler’s palace and promoted based on merit.
    5
  1293. Dc den çıktın mı la
    5
  1294. “Rarely has the West in its quasi-totality taken up such a persistent and negative image of a people (the Turks).” ― Stéphane Yerasimos
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  1295.  @theanglo-lithuanian1768  Didn’t the Crusaders make your Baltic pagan ancestors Christian😂
    5
  1296. Chad Germanics😅
    5
  1297.  @DoMoreYoutube  🍇🍇🍇
    5
  1298. Then, on 3 September 1260, the Mongol forces met the army of the Egyptian Mamluks at the Spring of Goliath ('Ayn Jaliit) north of Jerusalem. The Mongol army contained a large admixture of Turks. The ethnic composition of the Mamluk army was very similar, in that it was mostly recruited from Turkish and Caucasian slaves, who had been purchased, trained and emancipated, whence the name: mamluk, 'possessed'.
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  1299. The founders of Wallachia,Basarab Dynasty had Cuman origins Basarab I is son of Cumania Chieftain Thocomerius,vlad is cuman by his ethnic origin
    5
  1300.  @elenilepouri7253  The Qur'an includes the Surat Ar-Rum, the sura dealing with "the Romans", sometimes translated as "The Byzantines," reflecting a term now used in the West. These Romans of the 7th century, referred to as Byzantines in modern Western scholarship, were the inhabitants of the surviving Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire. Since all ethnic groups within the Roman empire had been granted citizenship by 212 AD, these eastern peoples had come to label themselves Ρωμιοί or Ῥωμαῖοι Romaioi (Romans), using the word for Roman citizen in the eastern lingua franca of Koine Greek. This citizenship label became "Rûm" in Arabic.
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  1301. There is big difference between Mongolic and Para-Mongolic, they are like Baltic and Slavic.
    5
  1302. The Turks have constantly been an imperial people. They have made a habit of empire building, and although none of their structures have attained the imposing dimensions of the Mongol achievement, many of them have been far more lasting. The maps show at least a dozen states of the first rank which have been constructed by Turkish peoples, and another dozen built by Turkish leaders, sometimes by themselves, sometimes with the assistance of a military aristocracy of their own race.
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  1303. We wuz
    5
  1304. Ya ben yazacaktım saniyesinde yetişmişsin🤡
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  1305. The Turks too , the great warriors of the steppes , were almost haughty in the assumption that they inherited the jihad fighting spirit of the tradition and carried it half - way into Europe . Turko-Persia in Historical Perspective p.94 The Seljukian Turks had had some great warriors ; the period of their power was during the eleventh and twelfth centuries ; they had taken the place of the Arabs as the great Moslem power of the east , though an Arab caliph still nominally reigned at Baghdad . The Divine Aspect of History Volume 2 p.324 During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries , understanding the Turks ' military organization , given the credit for the greatest empire since antiquity , became a major European preoccupation . Speake, J., n.d. Literature of travel and exploration. p.891. By the middle of the 16th century, the Turks arguably possessed the greatest empire in the world. A History of the Middle East Paperback – March 15, 2006 by Saul S. Friedman (Author) p.181 In the west the Seljuq invasion of Asia Minor began the process which was to make it the modern land of the Turks and the base from which the greatest Islamic empire of the past 600 years would expand into southeast Europe . MacEachern, S., 2010. The new cultural atlas of the Islamic world. p.32. THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot." Halman, T. and Warner, J., 2007. Rapture and revolution. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, Crescent Hill Publications, p.9.
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  1306. 20:52 Romans of Armenian origin nothing Greek about them
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  1307. Pusuda mı bekliyon?
    5
  1308. Turkic people were best nomads and warriors in history according to historians even big part of Mongol army was Turkic.
    5
  1309.  @acommoncommenter9364  🤲🏿🤲🏿🤲🏿🍼🍼🍼
    5
  1310. In the social hierarchy there were clear distinctions of status and power between “ Turks ” ( atrak ) , the term usually applied by native Egyptian writers to both Ottomans and Mamluks
    5
  1311. Imad al-Din Zengi continued his attempts to take Damascus in 1145, but he was assassinated by a Frankish slave named Yarankash in 1146. Zengi was the founder of the eponymous Zengid dynasty. In Mosul he was succeeded by his eldest son Saif ad-Din Ghazi I, and in Aleppo he was succeeded by his second son Nur ad-Din. According to Crusader legend, Zengi's mother was Ida of Austria (mother of Leopold III of Austria), who had supposedly been captured during the Crusade of 1101 and placed in a harem. She was 46 in 1101, Zengi was born in 1085, and his father died in 1094 so this is not feasible. Zengi was courageous, strong in leadership and a very skilled warrior according to all of the Muslim chroniclers of his day. Unlike Saladin at Jerusalem in 1187, Zengi did not keep his word to protect his captives at Baalbek in 1139. According to Ibn al-‘Adim, Zengi "had sworn to the people of the citadel with strong oaths and on the Qur’an and divorcing (his wives). When they came down from the citadel he betrayed them, flayed its governor and hanged the rest.” According to Ibn 'al-Adim: The atebeg was violent, powerful, awe-inspiring and liable to attack suddenly… When he rode, the troops use to walk behind him as if they were between two threads, out of fear they would trample over crops, and nobody out of fear dared to trample on a single stem (of them) nor march his horse on them… If anyone transgressed, he was crucified. He (Zengi) used to say: "It does not happen that there is more than one tyrant (meaning himself) at one time." Some of his battle victories: Battle of al-Atharib (1130) Siege of Hama (1130) Battle of Rafaniyya (1133) Battle of Qinnasrin (1135) Zengid campaign against Antioch (1135) Battle of Ba'rin (1137) Siege of Aleppo (1138) Siege of Baalbek (1139) Siege of Edessa (1144) Fall of Saruj (1145)
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  1312. I love islamic expansions of India
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  1313. 0:44 1000000% true
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  1314. Turkic Conqueror😍
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  1315. I hope they will lose too
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  1316. Support Azerbaijan from Turkiye❤
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  1317. Turks = Best Warriors 😍
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  1318. There are some kids who saying Romans were greek or other somethings😹🤣
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  1319. THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot."
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  1320. Hunnic language • • • • Hunnic language Infobox Language name=Hunnic familycolor=Altaic region=from China into Europe extinct=probably shortly after 453 CE fam1=Altaic fam2=Turkic fam3=Oghur The Hunnic language is an extinct language of theHuns. The records for this language are sparse. Classification Hunnic has been considered as related to the extinctBulgar and to present-day Chuvash in various schemesof genetic relationship. Today these languages areclassified, alongside with Khazar and Turkic Avar, asmembers of the Oghuric branch of the Turkic languagefamily. The suggestion that Hunnic was a Turkic languagearises from the identification of Hunnic names and otherHunnic lexical items as Turkic, some attested in thesurviving literary records, [Notably as documented in theworks of Maenchen-Helfen (1973), Pritsak (1982), Kemal (2002).] some recorded on artifacts recovered byarchaeologists. [The decipherment of the inscription onthe Khan Diggiz plate by Mukhamadiev (1995) revealsthe language to be West Hunnic.] The conclusion that Hunnic belongs to the Oghuricbranch of Turkic arises from the reasoning that theknown vocabulary shows the language to belong to the"r-" and "l-"type, as summarized by Johanson: "It isassumed that the Huns also were speakers of an "r-" and "l-"type Turkic language and that their migrationwas responsible for the appearance of this language inthe West." The "r-" and "l-" type language ("Lir"-Turkic) is nowdocumented only by Chuvash, the only subsistingmember of the Oghuric branch of Turkic. The rest of theTurkic languages (Common Turkic) are of the "z-" and"š-" type (also referred to as "Shaz"-Turkic). [Johanson(1998); cf. Johanson (2000, 2007) and the articlespertaining to the subject in Johanson & Csató (ed., 1998).]
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  1321. Turkic peoples were really important in history of Europe :)
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  1322. Another important reason for the success of the Turks was their superior military technology and art of war . These nomads from the Steppes could be credited with introducing ' the age of the horse .
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  1323. Illyrian Emperor
    5
  1324. Crying library noises
    5
  1325.  @emirteimouri7150  evet en iyi yorum yapan da benim bu kanalda😮
    5
  1326. Indeed, when Isma‘il captured Tabriz in 1501 he proclaimed himself in pre-Islamic Iranian political terms as Padishah-i Iran. In using the Persian term “Padishah,” to describe his status in “Iran,” he was repeating pre-Islamic Iranian political and geographical/political terminology that had only recently been revived by the Il-Khanid Mongols and used also by the Aq Quyunlu. His invocation of these terms suggests he thought of himself as a political heir of hismatrilineal relatives, the Aq Quyunlu. The ancient term “Iran” had fallen out of use following the Arab-Muslim invasions and had not been used by the Caliphs, or their successors, the Samanids, or the many Turkic dynasties that succeeded them. A final irony of Isma‘il’s use of the term “Iran,” or in one of his poems the phrasemulk-i ‘Ajam, the “state” or “kingdom of Iran,” is that even though Tabriz, Azerbaijan, and Mesopotamia represented provinces of the pre-Islamic Shahanshahs, the “kings of Kings” of Iran, there is no evidence that Isma‘il imagined himself to be reconstituting a new Iranian empire; rather he planned to establish a messianic Shi‘i state on Aq Quyunlu foundations. Within the decade following his capture of Tabriz in 1501, Isma‘il occupied the geographic center of the pre-Islamic Achaemenid and Sasanian Iranian empires. He did so, though, with Oghuz tribes whose knowledge of the Shah-nama and the glories of pre-Islamic Iranian kingship was almost certainly limited to inchoate oral traditions. Isma‘il was reconstituting the Aq Quyunlu state in these conquests, and like that of the Aq Quyunlu, the ultimate focus of his ambitions was eastern Anatolia, where his father and grandfather and he himself had proselytized among the Turks. Dale, S. (2009). The rise of Muslim empires. In The Muslim Empires of the Ottomans, Safavids, and Mughals (New Approaches to Asian History, pp. 48-76). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511818646.005 They may have been Iranians or Turks, or even of Kurdish or Arabic origin, but their appeal was religious rather than ethnic or tribal. Devotion to the Safavid order was widespread among the Türkmen tribes of Azarbayjan and Anatolia. Safavid followers wore a distinctive red turban and were known as Qizilbash, or “red-heads.” The Safavid order was both Sufi and Shiite in orientation, and it is thanks to the Safavids that Iran is a Shiite country today. Religious overtones aside,in most other respects theirs was a typical turkish dynasty. As late as the 1660s and 1670s, a Frenchman at the Safavid court could still write: “Turkish is the language of the armies and of the court; one speaks nothing but Turkish there, as much among the women as among the men, throughout in the seraglios of the great; this comes about because the court is originally of the country of this language, descended from the Türkmens, of whom Turkish is their native tongue. Jeroen Duindam (2016). Dynasties: A Global History of Power, 1300–1800. Cambridge University Press. p. 136. ISBN 978-1-107-06068-5. The Qājār dynasty, descended from a tribe whose early traces in Iran date to the eleventh century, held the reins of power until 1925. Much like the Safavids, they were Turkmen and spoke Turkish: their ethnic group of about 10,000 people led a nomadic life in northern Iran when it conquered the principalities that had fought over the Iranian plateau after the death of Nāder Shāh (1747). Richard, Y. (2019). Iran under the Qajars. In Iran: A Social and Political History since the Qajars (pp. 1-17). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. MY interest in Shāh Ismā'īl's poetry was aroused thirty-six years ago, when from my Ahl-i Ḥaqq friends I learnt that the Khāṭu'ī mentioned in one of their hymns was no lessa person than the founder of the Ṣafavi dynasty: Khatā'ī-dä nāṭiq oldï, Türkistanïn pīri oldï “(Godhead) came to speech in the person of Khatā'ī, (who) became the pīr of the Turks (of Āzarbāyjān)”, according to the explanation given to me. Minorsky, V. (1942). The Poetry of Shāh Ismā'īl I. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 10(4), 1006-1029.
    5
  1327. Nah. They called Romans as Rums. Almost all islamic sources called them Rums.
    5
  1328. Love Macedonia from Turkey I hate fake country greece
    5
  1329. Slavic Empire
    5
  1330. As far as I know, Circassians did not write anything in their own languages before the 19th century. Even the Burji Mamluks, who were ethnically Circassians, produced handiworks from Turkic languages ​​of Oghuz and Kipchak.
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  1331.  @Teapoid  and unlike Crimean Tatar, Urum didn’t get Oghuzified.
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  1332. Turkic brothers*
    5
  1333. Turkiye is really unlucky :((
    5
  1334. Many sources claiming Cuman origin
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  1335. Almost none of these countries have an Arab majority 😅
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  1336.  Imran Akram  As the number of evidence of linguistic, ethnographic and socio-political nature show that Bulgars belonged to the group of Turkic peoples.[36][24][26][30] The Bulgars (also Bolgars or proto-Bulgarians[40]) were a semi-nomadic people of Turkic descent, originally from Central Asia, who from the 2nd century onwards dwelled in the steppes north of the Caucasus and around the banks of river Volga (then Itil). https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria Bulgars (< Turkic bulgha- ‘to mix, stir up, disturb’, i.e. ‘rebels’) A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian-Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiongnu (late 3rd cent. ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-820 Many Slavic tribes lived within the boundaries of the state, together with the proto-Bulgarians, a tribe of Turkic origin that had settled in the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 7th century. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boris-I The Bulgars were a Turkic tribal confederation that gave rise to the Balkan Bulgar and Volga Bulgar states.The ethynonym derives from the Turkish bulgha-,”to stir,mix,disturb,confuse.” https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=c788wWR_bLwC&pg=PA354&redir_esc=y&hl=tr#v=onepage&q=Bulgars&f=false (Harvard University Press) The Volga Bulgars, a Turkish tribe then living on the east bank of the Volga River, ... the laws of Islam to the Bulgars, who had recently converted to the religion. http://www.bookrags.com/research/ahmad-ibn-fadlan-ued/#gsc.tab=0 Eastern Bulgars , Bulgars Ancient Turkic people originating in the region n and e of the Black Sea. https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/balkan-states Volga Bulgaria was a northeastern European Turkic state that formed during the 9th century and continued into the first four decades of the 13th century. https://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe009 https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopedia-of-slavic-languages-and-linguistics-online/*-COM_031941 https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-3/bulghars-COM_23726 https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-Bulgar+languages https://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Bulgars https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Bulgar https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Bolgars https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Bulgars https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-bulgarians https://xn--80ad7bbk5c.xn--p1ai/en/content/brief-history-suvar-bulgars http://bulgarizdat.ru/index.php/book1/article1-1 Bulgars, Eastern bŭl´gärz, –gərz [key], Turkic-speaking people, who possessed a powerful state (10th–14th cent.) at the confluence of the Volga and the Kama, E European Russia. https://www.factmonster.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern (Cambridge University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=Ylz4fe7757cC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=proto+bulgars&source=bl&ots=vvGsuu2J3g&sig=ACfU3U2YuPKKdgVQKhoUi2fyDiC99n4N_Q&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiRqIaDlNvmAhWM-yoKHW38DDI4FBDoATAAegQIBRAB#v=onepage&q=proto%20bulgars&f=false Population genetic analysis indicated that Conquerors had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-53105-5 https://hizliresim.com/stAHqu (Bulgar genetic proximity) Thus supporting the view that Tatars may be descendents of ancient Bulgars. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22520580/ Onogur-Bulgars had been part of the Hunnic people, and after the death of Attila’s son Irnik, European Hun remains fused with the Onogurs. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/250688v1.full However, given the common Turkic genetic background of the Bulgars and Khazars, these ethnicities may be difficult to tell apart either archaeologically or genetically. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2019.12.15.876912v1.full.pdf Most Tatars trace their descent to Volga Bulgars, a medieval Turkic people who have inhabited the Middle Volga and lower Kama region. https://online.ucpress.edu/search-results?page=1&q=Bulgars Population genetic results indicate that they had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6193700/ Population genetic results indicate that they had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0205920&type=printable Onogur-Bulgars had been part of the Hunnic people, and after the death of Attila’s son Irnik, European Hun remains fused with the Onogurs. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6193700/ Caucasus as the first Turkic peoples (Avars, Bulgars, Huns, Khazars, Pechenegs) arrived. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Exile https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.2307/2849381?journalCode=spc https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.2307/2853091?journalCode=spc https://brill.com/view/book/edcoll/9789047423560/Bej.9789004163898.i-492_006.xml
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  1337. Caesar
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  1338. Thx from Turkey😍
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  1339. Al-Jahiz, the renowned ninth century Arab prose writer, wrote an essay entitled “The Virtues of the Turks.” In this essay al-Jahiz describes the various contingents that formed the Abbasid army and argues that the Turks were far superior to the other groups when it came to fighting, riding, discipline, and war.
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  1340. Turks lost some battles in that time :(((
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  1341. Kaan Chaddil 😼
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  1342. Muhammad Ali’s ancestors were from Konya he was not Albanian
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  1343. Myheritage is very big joke.
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  1344. They actually speak medieval Kipchak language which was remnant of Golden Horde not Turkish. Also, the more interesting part of this is that Crimean Tatar language became Oghuzified under Ottoman rule whereas Urum did not.
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  1345. 12:35 Wow :0 How did you calculate this? It must be very hard
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  1346. Tai Empire
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  1347.  @uguryzg  keep dreaming about Kurdish being a single language🤣
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  1348. Another important reason for the success of the Turks was their superior military technology and art of war . These nomads from the Steppes could be credited with introducing ' the age of the horse .
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  1349. En üsttesin hehe
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  1350. Indo-Timurids❤❤❤
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  1351.  @ritikshaw5868  he used Khan title too
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  1352. Crimea is Turkey
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  1353. Ulan Nordik .D
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  1354. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
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  1355. :)
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  1356.  @xeon39688  unintelligible*
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  1357. 🍼🍼🍼
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  1358. Teyit org u kullanabilirsiniz haberlerin doğruluğunu sorgulamak için
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  1359. Belgian Empire killed millions of africans 😐
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  1360. The 13th century inaugurates a new period. The leader of a Mongolian tribe, known as Chinggis Khan, united a number of nomadic tribes and launched a series of campaigns and conquests that created a large unified Eurasian empire, completed by his sons and grandsons in the 13th and 14th centuries. The empire finally extended across most of Eurasia: Siberia, Inner Asia, Central Asia, the Far East, China, Korea, Eastern Europe, Caucasus, Iran, the Middle East and the Near East. The defeated realms became subjects, vassals or tributaries. The Silk Routes, which con- nected the trade centers across Eurasia, came under the exclusive control of the empire. What kind of language empire was this? We would expect a predominance and breakthrough of Mongolic, but this was not the case. The overwhelming majority of the 'Mongol' armies spoke Turkic, largely as a result of language shift. The Mongol campaigns resulted in a massive wave of linguistic Turkicization. Their demogra- phic consequences were immense. Huge numbers of Inner Asian nomads, Turkic and other tribes, entered Central Asia and the regions beyond it. Massive groups from the east were transplanted to new locations, joining local Turkic-speaking populations and laying the foundations for new Turkic-speaking areas. Old confederations were dispersed in favor of new units, the germs of the modern Turkic-speaking peoples. Turkic had its breakthrough and conquered a giant territory. A new brand of Kipchak Turkic was introduced by those tribes that arrived with the Mongol armies. It became the dominant form of Turkic in the area between the Volga and the Ural mountains. A new era in the cultural development of the Turking-speaking groups began. The 'Pax Mongolica' established a relatively peaceful area of unified administration and similar legislation, based on the Mongol code of law. It created stable cultural, social and economic conditions for communication and trade in the vast Eurasian territory of the Mongols.
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  1361. xXxGhost BusterxXx Göktürks were Tiele origin according to Chinese Dynastic books only word is saka,don’t care this kid
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  1362. Xiongnu is %60 turkic %20 tungusic %20mongolic according to genetic he has nothing to do with mullahians but yes you try to steal our history like always
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  1363. xXxGhost BusterxXx Even this dumb claim Japonic samurai clans,Anglo Saxons,Croats😂😂 etc. They need to fake history
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  1364.  @cypiot  He was not Turkic in origin either Kurdish or maybe Kurdified Arab
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  1365. 😅😅😅
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  1366. 😂😂😂😂
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  1367. Ivan the Terrible and Timur look similar lol😅
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  1368. Very Hygienic 😮😮😮😮😮
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  1369. (Turks vs Turks vs Turks) * (9^9^9)
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  1370. Exept india,they ruled predominantly empty areas like australia
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  1371. Almost nothing is now known of Osman, founder of the House of Osman, the man remembered as the first of the Ottoman sultans. “Osman Bey appeared,” stated a laconic chronograph, later. No one knows when or where he was born, and for a long time not a single artefact existed that could be confidently dated to his lifetime. Now two coins have come to light, one in a private collection in London and the other in the Istanbul Archaeological Museum, inscribed Osman ibn Ertugrul.4 Even his name is the subject of some controversy. The Greek historian Pachymeres,5 who gave us the description of the Sangarius flood and is the one contemporary writer to mention Osman’s name, did not call him Osman at all but rather Ataman. The surprising notion that Osman had another name finds support in two later sources, one an armchair geography written around 1350 in Arabic and the other a biography of the Muslim saint Haji Bektash, circa 1500. Ataman is a Turkish name or maybe Mongol, while Osman is impeccably Muslim, the Turkish form of the Arabic ‘Uthman – as in the companion of the Prophet Muhammad, the third Caliph of Islam. This has led to some suspicion that our Osman, or Ataman, the Ottoman, might have been born a pagan, that he may have taken his new name Osman later when he became a Muslim. But if this were true, if Osman were indeed a convert to Islam who changed his name, why would his sons have kept their genuinely Turkish names, who were Muslims beyond any doubt?6 From what Pachymeres wrote, about the only thing we can surmise of the Turk he called Ataman is that he was a warrior. With the Sangarius (Sakarya) River raids and the victory at Bapheus, Turkish warriors came from far and wide to join him.7 Ataman laid siege to Nicaea and, though he was not able to take the city, subjected the surrounding area to raids, killing many, taking some captive, the tur ish flood 9 and scattering the rest. He did take several other fortresses and fortified towns in the Sangarius valley, using them to store his plunder. Howard, D. (2017). A History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press., pp 8-9 Ibn Battuta claimed to have met Orhan, “the greatest of the kings of the Turkmens and the richest in wealth, lands and military forces.” Orhan “fought with the infidels continually,” and moved regularly between his more than one hundred castles, checking that they were in good repair, never staying more than a month in any one place.12 Ibn Battuta’s impression of Orhan as engaged in incessant combat is emphatically supported by Greek writers who left accounts. Howard, D. (2017). A History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press., pp 11
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  1372. Lol
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  1373. Great Animation :-)
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  1374. Cringy
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  1375. You can check out Janhunen’s works if you are interested in Mongolic languages
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  1376. Ottomans won 🇹🇷
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  1377.  Zoomer Waffen  Do you mean Anatolian(Hittite,Lydian,Lycian,Luwian,Pala) and not greek ? Hellenic peoples have absolutely nothing to do with Anatolian peoples
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  1378. 8 This can be surmised by analysing the names of Hunnic princes and tribes. The names of the following Hunnic princes are clearly Oghuric Turkic in origin: Mundzuk (Attila's father, from Turkic Munc uq = pearl/jewel: for an in-depth discussion of the Hunnic origin of this name in particular see Schramm (1969), 139-40), Oktar/Uptar (Attila's uncle, Öktär brave/powerful), Oebarsius (another of Attila's paternal uncles, Arbårs leopard of the moon), Karaton (Hunnic supreme king before Ruga, Qarâton = black-cloak), Basik (Hunnic noble of royal blood, early fifth century, Bársig = governor), Kursik (Hunnic noble of royal blood, from either Kürsig, meaning brave or noble, or Quršiq meaning belt-bearer). For these etymologies see Bona (1991), 33. Three of Attila's known sons. have probable Turkic names: Ellac, Dengizich, Hernak, and Attila's principal wife, the mother of the crown prince' Ellac, has the Turkic name Herekan, as does another notable wife named Eskam. See Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 392-415. See also Bona (1991), 33-5, and Pritsak (1956), 414. Most known Hunnic tribal names are also Turkic, Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 427-41, e.g. Ultincur, Akatir etc. The cur suffix in many of these names is a well-known Turkic title and as Beckwith (1987), 209, points out the To-lu or Tardus tribes (Hunnic in origin) of the Western Turkish On Oq were each headed by a Cur (noble). Zieme (2006), 115, speculates that the title cur belongs to a pre-Turkic Tocharian stratum of the Turkic language, which, if true, again highlights the essential heterogeneity of Central Asian peoples and even languages. See also Aalto (1971), 35. In addition to this primary language (Oghuric Turkic), Priscus informs us that Latin and Gothic were also understood by the Hunnic elite. See Priscus, fr. 13.3, Blockley (1983), 289. The name of Ellac, Attila’s eldest son, is a corruption of the Turkic älik ( ilik ) meaning ‘ruler, king’. 21 Ernak/Irnik the youngest son also has the variation of the same suffix in his name. His name is probably Turkic är-näk , meaning ‘great hero’, with the suffix here functioning as an augmentation of the Turkic är-än (hero). 22 Thus the suffix -ik/ich was used in Hunnic to imply greatness (i.e. ruler or kingship). These names were, it seems, formal court titles rather than personal names. Kim, H. (2013). The end of the Hunnic Empire in the west. In The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe (pp. 89-136). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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  1379.  @rua1606  Osmanlı Devleti’ni kuranlar ve geliştirenler, “Türklük bilinci”ne sahipti, tabii aynı zamanda “ümmet” olduklarını da ihmal etmiyorlardı. Ki bunların biri “millî”, diğeri “dinî” kimliktir. İkisi bir arada mükemmele ulaşır. Meşhur Osmanlı tarihçisi ve Şeyhülislamı Hoca Sadeddin Efendi, “Tacü’t Tevarih” isimli eserinde Osmanlı fetihlerini anlatırken, “Türk yiğitleri”, “Zaferleri gölge edinmiş Türk askerleri” gibi ifadeler kullanıyor. 16. Yüzyılın en önemli tarihçilerinden Gelibolulu Mustafa Ali ise “Kühn-ül Ahbar” adlı tarihinde, “seçkin millet, güzel ümmet, Türk milleti” tanımlamaları ile “Türk” kimliğinin altını çiziyor. 17. Yüzyıl tarihçilerinden Solakzade Mehmet Hemdemi Efendi de eserlerinde “Konstantiniye’yi feth eden Türk’ün oğlu”dan bahsediyor… Neredeyse tüm saray tarihçileri Osmanlı Hanedanı’nı Oğuz Han’a ve Orta Asya’ya bağlıyorlar. Osmanlıların, Oğuz neslinden ve Kayı Boyu’ndan geldiğini defalarca tekrarlıyorlar. Fatih Sultan Mehmed, Cem Sultan’dan olan torununa “Oğuz”, II. Bayezid’den olan torununa ise “Korkud” adını veriyor. Sultan II. Abdülhamid’in torunlarından birinin adı, “Ertuğrul”dur (Şair Eşref’ti galiba, “Sultan Abdülhamid’in bir torunu oldu, adını Ertuğrul koydular” dediklerinde, “Biz hanedan bitti derken, onlar yeniden mi başlıyor?” diyen. Malum: Osman Gazi’nin babasının adı “Ertuğrul”du. Timur Devleti “Türk” olduğunu iddia edince, Sultan II. Murad, Osmanlı Devleti’nin de “Türk Devleti” olduğunu vurgulama gereği duyup, paralara ve topların üzerine Kayı Boyu’nun damgası vurduruyor. Yine Sultan II. Murad döneminde Türkçe ön plana çıkıyor, Yazıcızade Ali, Oğuzlar’ın ve Türklerin anlatıldığı “Selçukname”yi (İbn Bibi) zamanın Türkçesi’ne çevirmekle kalmıyor, bazı ekleme ve ilavelerle de zenginleştiriyor. Fatih döneminde pek çok dini, edebi, ahlâki, tıbbi, siyasi, sözlük ve ansiklopedik eserler Türkçe’ye tercüme ediliyor. Devletteki tüm resmi yazışmalar, zaten Türkçedir. Avrupalılar da Osmanlılara daima “Türk”, Padişah’a “Türk sultanı”, Osmanlı Devleti’ne de “Türkiye” diyor, Avrupa haritalarında Osmanlı Devleti, “Türk İmparatorluğu” olarak gösteriliyor. O kadar ki, Avrupalılar, Müslüman olan birine “Türk oldu” diyorlar. Türklük’le Müslümanlık böylesine özdeşleştiriliyor. Bazı sadrazamlar “devşirme” olsalar da, üst düzey bürokratların ezici çoğunluğu “Türk”tür. Yönetimin başında ise zaten “Türk oğlu Türk” padişah vardır. Ama Osmanlı Devleti, asla “ulus devlet” değildir. Çok dinli, çok dilli, çok ırklı bir oluşumdu. Bu yüzden üst düzey yöneticiler “Türkçülük” yapmazlar, ancak “Türklük”lerinden de asla utanmazlar. Nitekim Kanuni ile “Koca Türk” diye şakalaşan meşhur Sadrazam Pargalı İbrahim Paşa’ya Kanuni’nin verdiği sert cevap meşhurdur: “Evet Türk’üm, bir diyeceğin mi var?” Pargalı’nın bu cevap karşısında yerin dibine geçtiğini tahmin edersiniz.
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  1380. The names turk and atrak as designating the Mamlüks have lasted up to the very end of the Mamlük sultanate. The Ottomans, their state, and their lands have other names in the Mamlük sources. Even during their conquest of Syria and Egypt the Ottomans are called Uthmaniyya, rüm (or arwüm), and quite frequently taräkima or turkmän." However, atrāk and turkiyya in connection with the Turkish speaking peoples and their lands in and about Anatolia do appear in those sources, albeit very rarely. Already Ibn Fadl Allah al-Umari, in the first half of the fourteenth century, speaks about mamlakat al-atrak bil-rum and bilad al-aträk bil-rüm. A later historian of the mid-fifteenth century, Ibn Taghribirdi, calls those lands al-turkiya, biläd al-turkiyya, and barr al-turkiyya, in connection with the import of wood and flour from Iljün and the supplying by sea of the Mamluk forces fighting the Turkmen Shāh Siwar.¹
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  1381. M Bayrak https://www.cambridge.org › books The Huns in Europe (Chapter 4) - The Huns ... - Cambridge University Press However, whether these so-called Huns were independent tribes of Turkic speakers who were Imageasianhistory.oxfordre.com › acrefore Xiongnu - Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History The European Huns, who originated from the Xiongnu Empire, are known to have spoken primarily a Turkic language, more specifically ... Imagehttps://books.google.com.tr › books The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity Oliver Nicholson · 2018 · History Scythia Scythia Term used by Greek and Roman historians for a large area stretching from the ... of the troops were barbarian foederation of Germanic, Turkic (“Huns and "Bulgars), and ... Go and die now
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  1382. Para-Mongolic origin!
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  1383. Khazars Tuobas Huns Avars Bulgars are same people call Oghurs
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  1384. Arpad was Onogur/Kabar Turkic whp found Ugric Hungary
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  1385. Avars, Cumans and Kipchaks also
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  1386. 3 iq yorumlar gelir şimdi malum kişilerden 😅
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  1387. He was run away from Mehmed II 🌝
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  1388. Brazil and Turkey ❤️
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  1389. Baştaki animasyon 🐸
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  1390. Rum (Roman) fire not Greek
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  1391. Are you Persian?
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  1392. Turk countries don’t like each other so much :/
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  1393. Somalia is Cushtic country
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  1394. Turkic Emperor ❤️
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  1395. Nader Shah destroyed Afghans without losing any battle, he was probably worst nightmare of Afghans👀
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  1396. Burada napıyın xd
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  1397. Sirpsindigi 700 vs 70000 lol
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  1398. With a Germanic ruling class
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  1399. THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot."
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  1400. Page -26- Teragay, the chief of the tribe of Berlas, is said to 'i have been a tnau of distinguished piety and liberality, I and he inherited an incalculable number of slieep and goata,^ cattle and servants. His wife, Tekina Kha- I toum, was virtuous and beautiful; and on the 8th ' of April, 1336, she gave birth to a son, at their encampment, near the verdant walls^ of the delicious town of Kesh. This child was the future aspirant for universal empire. Timour was of the race of Toorkish wanderers, and be was of noble lineage, amougst a people who thought much of their descent. His countrymen lived in tents, loved the wandering lives of warlike shepherds, better than the luxury and ease of cities; and, even in the countries which they had conquered, preferred an encampment in the open plains, to "a residence in the most splendid palaces. Page -194- ^ Timour was the son of Teragay Nevian. He gives the following account of his lineage, in his memoirs :—" My father told me that we were descendants from Abu-al-Atrak (father of the Turks) the son of Japhet. His fifth son, Aljeh Khan, had twin sons, Tatar and Mogul, who placed their feet on the paths of infidelity. Turaene Khan had a son Kabul, whose son, Munga Bahadur, was the father of Temugin, small estate, with not more than three or four mounted attendants. He lived iu a village, near this city of Kesh, for the men of this land prefer living in the villages, and in the plains, to living in cities. His son, also, had not more than four or five horses. I will now tell you, what was told to the ambassadors, as certain truth in this city, and in other parts. It is said that Timour, having four or five servants, went out one day to steal a sheep, and on another day a cow, by force, from the people of the country. When he had got them, be ate them with his followers ; and some because of the plunder, others because he was a brave and good hearted man, joined him, until he had a force of three hundred mounted followers. From that time be traversed the country, to rob and steal all he could lay hands on, for himself and bis companions, and he also frequented the roads, and plundered the merchants.' Narrative of the embassy of Ruy Gonzalez de Clavijo to the court of Timour at Samarcand, A.D. 1403-6 by González de Clavijo, Ruy, d. 1412; Markham, Clements R. (Clements Robert), Sir, 1830-1916 ed Page -130- On Saturday, the 12th of April, the Emperor of TrebizonJ sent for the ambassadorSj and when they ai-rivcd at his palace, they found him in a saloon, which was in an upper story ; and he received them very well. After they had spoken with him, they returned to their lodging. With the emperor was his son, who was about twenty-five years of age ; and the emperor was tall and handsome. The emperor and his son were dressed in imperial robes. They wore, on their heads, tall hats surmounted by golden cords, on the top of which were cranes' feathers; and the hats were bound with the skins of martens. They call the emperor Germanoli,' and his son Quelex -^ and they call the son emperor as well as the father, because it is the custom to call the eldest legitimate son emperor, although his father may be alive; and the Greek name for emperor, is Basilens. This emperor pays tribute to Timour Beg, and to other Turks, who are his neighbours. He is married to a relation of the Emperor of Constantinople, and his son is married to the daughter of a knight of Constantinople, and has two little daughters."
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  1401. Support Kosovo from Turkiye ❤
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  1402. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, shaping the history of Balkans, Islamization of Northern India, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
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  1403. @The east Not really. For example Hittites were only 10% European by dna… Because the population were Hattians.
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  1404. Afghans were under the rule of Turkic empire at that time. And so call graveyard got ruled by foreign states in most of history.
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  1405. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
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  1406.  @demetriusstiakkogiannakes1326  Don't try to change the fact that you've been ruled by others throughout history because everyone knows it. You lived under Romans who were not of Greek origin. Also everyone knows the fact that the Romans were the only one state and Byzantine is a made-up term.
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  1407. Jacob Yonbo Safavid=Turkish
    5
  1408. Jacob Yonbo Safavids got persianized but they were Turkish
    5
  1409. Baibars the Cuman😻
    5
  1410. Indic ruler of Celto-Germanic lands👀
    5
  1411. Eventually,Turkish history😍
    5
  1412. Turkey is worst
    5
  1413. We wuz Kangz
    5
  1414. *Although in the past the Huns are thought to have been Mongolian emigrants, it is far more likely that they were of Turkic origin. This point has been repeated by thousands of historians, sinologists, turcologists, altaistics, and other researchers. Let me try to state how this idea began with Sinology researchers.[1] *Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 386-9, also thinks that these names are the Germanic or Germanicized names of Turkic Huns.[2] *The language of the Huns has always been classified in the Turkic linguistic family.[3] *In the 5th century A . D . the Danube Slavs had lived in symbiosis with the Turkic Huns[4] *One of the first and most ferocious of such Asiatic (Turkic) peoples were the Huns.[5] *A large number of many different Turkic tribes were called Huns.[6] *It is conceivable that the Huns (Ephthalites), who irrupted into Central Asia in the early fifth century, were Turkic.[7] *Probably a substantial group of Hunnish peoples spoke some form of Turkic, a subfamily of the Altaic languages.[8] *Danube used by a large number of Turkic peoples - including Huns, Avars,Bulgars,Cumans.[9] * Among them, the Vandals were East Germanic, the Suevi or 'Swabians' were Central Germanic, the Huns were Turkic, and the Alans were Iranic (like the modern Ossetians).[10] *Also, with the various Turkic tribes on the west; especially with the Huns.[11] *Historic Turkic kingdoms (the earliest being the Great Hun Empire from 200 B.C., which stretched from Siberia to Tibet,and the last being the Ottoman Empire founded in A.D. 1299),hinting at a racial side to Turkish identity.[12] *By the fifth century, the last of the Tocharians was driven from the region by nomadic Huns, possibly the earliest of many subsequent waves of Tur- kic invaders in Central Asia.[13] *Who are the Turkic Peoples? This great family of peoples includes the Huns,Khazars,Avars and Bulgar-Turks of former times.[14] *The principal invaders in the north were no longer the Turkic Xiongnu[15] *Horses were vital to maintaining Han military strength against the increasing nomadic incur. sions from the Turkic Xiongnu tribal armies along the northern borders and in the northwest.[16] *The constant incursions in the Han's northern and northwestern frontiers by the Turkic nomads known as Xiongnu (the Huns) necessitated Han military expeditions across the Pamirs into Central Asia.[17] * By the 5th century many of the troops were barbarian foederation of Germanic, Turkic (“Huns and "Bulgars), and, perhaps, “Slavic origins [18] * The fact that the Bulgars of Asparukh - whom we considered descendants of the Huns led by Irnikh -were Turks.[19] *While the Hun hords of Attila that tried to conquer Europe were surely Proto-Türks.[20] Sources: *1- The Origins of the Huns-The History Files *2-The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe(Cambridge University Press)-Page 177 *3-Russian Translation Series of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology 1964 (Harvard University Press) *4-Among the People, Native Yugoslav Ethnography: Selected 1982(Michigan University Press) *5-Byzantium: Church, Society, and Civilization Seen Through Contemporary Eyes(University of Chicago Press)-Page 332 *6-Eurasian Studies Yearbook Volume 74 Eurolingua, 2002 *7-Islamic Peoples Of The Soviet Un-Page 384 *8-The Saga of the Volsungs: The Norse Epic of Sigurd the Dragon Slayer(University of California Press)-Page 15 *9-The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelth Century(University of Michigan Press)-Page 25 *10-Vanished Kingdoms: The Rise and Fall of States and Nations *11-China ancient and modern-Page-55 *12-Turkey: What Everyone Needs to Know®(Oxford University Press) *13-Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia-Page 251 *14-Oxford Symposium on Food & Cookery, 1989: Staplefoods : Proceedings *15-China: A New History, Second Enlarged Edition(Harvard University Press)-Page 73 *16-Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China ; Gansu and Ningxia, 4th - 7th Century ; [on the Occasion of the Exhibition "Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China", Organized by the Asia Society Museum, New York, October 13, 2001 - January 6, 2002 ...] *17-The Harvard Dictionary of Music-Page 261 *18- The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity-Page 1346 *19- The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia Volume 1-Page 202 *20-China Knowledge-Xiongnu
    5
  1415. Earthquake
    5
  1416. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
    5
  1417. Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan,Kyrgyzstan :DDD LOL
    5
  1418. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
    5
  1419. The geographer al-Istakhri, writing in the next century, commented on the 24 preparedness of the frontier men of Shash (modern Tashkent) and Farghana" for war" This encouraged the Caliphs', he goes on, to recruit men from Transoxania and the Turks became their armies because of their because of their superiority of all other races [ajnas] in bravery, daring, courage and fearlessness. The nobles [dahaqin] of Transoxania were their [i.ethe Caliphs] officers [quwwäd], retinue [hawashi] and chosen servants because of their attentiveness in service their obedience and their fine appearance in uniform. So they formed the retinue of the Caliphs, their trusted attendants and the heads of their armies, like the Turks and the Faraghina who formed the palace guard [shiḥna].
    5
  1420. Ottomans pls
    5
  1421. Turkic Empires 😍😍😍 Ilbari Khalji Tughlaq and maybe Sayyid
    5
  1422. Average Balkan history =P
    5
  1423. Were they Arabic or Amazigh ?
    5
  1424. Bulgars are onogurs Old Great Bulgaria or Great Bulgaria (Byzantine Greek: Παλαιά Μεγάλη Βουλγαρία, Palaiá Megálē Voulgaría), also often known by the Latin names Magna Bulgaria[3] and Patria Onoguria ("Onogur land"),[4] was a 7th-century state formed by the Onogur Bulgars on the western Pontic-Caspian steppe (modern southern Ukraine and southwest Russia).[5] Great Bulgaria was originally centered between the Dniester and lower Volga. Later Byzantine scholars implied that the Bulgars had previously been known as the Onogurs (Onoğur). Agathon wrote about the "nation of Onogur Bulğars"],Nikephoros I stated that Kubrat was lord of the Onogundurs, Theophanes referred to them as Onogundur Bulgars and Constantine VII remarked that the Bulgars formerly called themselves Onogundurs. Variations of the name include Onoguri, Onoghuri, Onghur, Ongur, Onghuri, Onguri, Onogundur, Unogundur, and Unokundur. There are several theories about the origin of the name Onogur. In some Turkic languages on means "10" and ğur "arrow"; and "ten arrows" might imply a federation of ten tribes, i.e. the Western Turkic Khaganate. Within the Turkic languages, "z" sounds in the easternmost languages tend to have become "r" in the westernmost Turkic languages; therefore, the ethnonym Oghuz may be the source of Oghur; that is, on Oğur would mean "ten clans of Oghuz". Old Great Bulgaria (Magna Bulgaria[29]), also known as Onoghundur–Bulgars state, or Patria Onoguria in the Ravenna Cosmography.[30][31][20] Constantine VII (mid-10th century) remarked that the Bulgars formerly called themselves Onogundurs.[32] Both names are best explained as corresponding to Onogundur, an old name in Greek sources for the Bulgars. https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/khazars Nikephoros I stated that Kubrat was lord of the Onogundurs, Theophanes referred to them as Onogundur Bulgars and Constantine VIIremarked that the Bulgars formerly called themselves Onogundurs. Variations of the name include Onoguri, Onoghuri, Onghur, Ongur, Onghuri, Onguri, Onogundur, Unogundur, and Unokundur.
    5
  1425. Ottomans 😍😍😍
    5
  1426. King Levon VI Lusignan And also Shaddadids were kurdicized arabs from the rawadid tribe ayyubids too Rawadids was firstly arab but they were kurdicized Rawadids,Shaddadids and Ayyubids were kurdicized arabs
    5
  1427.  @gilpaubelid3780  source trustmebro🤣🤣🤣🤣 just search origins of the dynasties before open your mouth only a few short ruled dynasties were greeks
    5
  1428.  @dmitrimikrioukov5935  There is plenty of evidence like Chinese and Roman sources. You just read fringe theories in wikipedia. How tf Tiele-Dingling-Yueban-Hun related people being non-Turkic?
    5
  1429.  @dmitrimikrioukov5935  Most widely accepted view is Turkic one.
    5
  1430. Ottoman🌝🇹🇷❤️
    5
  1431. Kumyk had been a lingua-franca of the bigger part of the Northern Caucasus, from Dagestan to Kabarda, until the 1930s[11][12][13] and was an official language of communication between the North-Eastern Caucasian nations and the Russian administration.[14] In 1848, a professor of the "Caucasian Tatar" (Kumyk) Timofey Makarov published the first ever grammatical book in Russian language for one of the Northern Caucasian languages, which was international Kumyk. Makarov wrote:[15] From the peoples speaking Tatar language I liked the most Kumyks, as for their language's distinction and precision, so for their closeness to the European civilization, but most importantly, I take in account that they live on the Left Flank of the Caucasian Front, where we're conducting military actions, and where all the peoples, apart from their own language, speak also Kumyk.
    5
  1432. Farya😮
    5
  1433. You are one of the rare youtubers whose videos I watch without skipping a second :)
    5
  1434. mehrdad 576 Top 10 Turk Dynasties Ottoman Empire Great Seljuk Empire Gokturk Empire First Bulgarian Empire Delhi Sultanate Bengal Sultanate Afsharid Empire Mughal Empire Timurid Empire Safavid Empire
    5
  1435. mehrdad 576 11 Turkish Dynasties who ruled to Iran Ghaznavid Empire Great Seljuk Empire Eldiguzid Empire Khwarazmian Empire Salghurids or Atabegs of Fars Timurid Empire Qara Qoyunlu Empire Aq Qoyunlu Empire Safavid Empire Afsharid Empire Qajar Empire And also Ahmedilis ruled iran
    5
  1436. 😐
    5
  1437. Mongolic languages
    5
  1438. Despite being ruled by arabs and berbers for centuries, they did a good job.
    5
  1439. Make video about Zengids almost nobody made :/
    5
  1440. 🤨
    5
  1441. Angry Macedonian noises 👀
    5
  1442. Make video about Turkish economy :/
    5
  1443. ⁠ @Nastya_07  There are widely differing accounts of the exact ethnic origins of the Jie, with one theory uncertainly suggesting that they spoke a Yeniseian language,[2] while other authors have proposed a Turkic language.[3] How can you sure about fringe theory being true😅
    5
  1444.  @Nastya_07 Vovin couldn’t even read Jie language wheras Shimunek and others did perfectly read it.
    5
  1445.  @josephlupo8969  his historical knowledge is so good
    5
  1446. Germany from Turkey
    5
  1447. Steven Bowman, birçok Yahudi'nin öldürüldüğü gerçeğine rağmen, özel olarak hedef alınmadıklarını iddia ediyor: "Böyle bir trajedi daha çok, Yahudilerin yaşadığı güneydeki son Osmanlı kalesi olan Trablus Türklerinin katledilmesinin bir yan etkisi gibi görünüyor. Yahudilere karşı belirli bir eylemden ziyade, savaştan sığınmıştı."[43]
    5
  1448. ​ @nahzein  Kurds themselves are speaking 5-6 different mutuallu unintelligible languages
    5
  1449. ​ @wankawanka3053  (s)
    5
  1450. can t. Göktürkler gerçekte Gökkürttür ama foşix devlet değiştirmiştir :))))
    5
  1451. can t. 😹😹😹😹😹
    5
  1452. Kutay Atay Videda görülen Bulgaria çakma slav bulgarların değil Türk bolgarların kurduğu 1.Bulgar İmparatorluğudur
    5
  1453. Parthians and Persians are different peoples bro
    5
  1454. Haplogroup R is also originally from Buryatia just like Q.
    5
  1455. THE PROTO-BULGARIANS (Page 26-Sofia Press) The Proto-Bulgarians had a somewhat eventful history prior to their arrival on the Balkan Peninsula. The earliest written sources indicate that they inhabited the region to the north of the Caucasus in the 4th century A.D. and had close contact with the Georgians and Armenians. They belonged to the Turkic ethno-iinguistic group and their language resembled that of the Huns, Khazars, Avars and other tribes. http://protobulgarians.com/English%20translations/Bulgarian%20history%20in%20English/Dimiter%20Angelov%20-%20How%20the%20Bulgarian%20state%20was%20founded%20-%201993.pdf
    5
  1456. THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot."
    5
  1457. 👽
    5
  1458. 26:23 Japano-Turkism =P
    5
  1459. A mafia leader becomes a youtuber and crashes the algorithm. WELCOME TO TURKEY !
    5
  1460. Boyan67 Population genetic analysis indicated that Conquerors had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-53105-5 https://hizliresim.com/stAHqu More Sources https://1drv.ms/w/s!ArU3juYblIHghhn2C4hh-bLC8FRi
    5
  1461. Huns and Bulgars are Oghur Turks *Although in the past the Huns are thought to have been Mongolian emigrants, it is far more likely that they were of Turkic origin. This point has been repeated by thousands of historians, sinologists, turcologists, altaistics, and other researchers. Let me try to state how this idea began with Sinology researchers.[1] *Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 386-9, also thinks that these names are the Germanic or Germanicized names of Turkic Huns.[2] *The language of the Huns has always been classified in the Turkic linguistic family.[3] *In the 5th century A . D . the Danube Slavs had lived in symbiosis with the Turkic Huns[4] *One of the first and most ferocious of such Asiatic (Turkic) peoples were the Huns.[5] *A large number of many different Turkic tribes were called Huns.[6] *It is conceivable that the Huns (Ephthalites), who irrupted into Central Asia in the early fifth century, were Turkic.[7] *Probably a substantial group of Hunnish peoples spoke some form of Turkic, a subfamily of the Altaic languages.[8] *Danube used by a large number of Turkic peoples - including Huns, Avars,Bulgars,Cumans.[9] * Among them, the Vandals were East Germanic, the Suevi or 'Swabians' were Central Germanic, the Huns were Turkic, and the Alans were Iranic (like the modern Ossetians).[10] *Also, with the various Turkic tribes on the west; especially with the Huns.[11] *Historic Turkic kingdoms (the earliest being the Great Hun Empire from 200 B.C., which stretched from Siberia to Tibet,and the last being the Ottoman Empire founded in A.D. 1299),hinting at a racial side to Turkish identity.[12] *By the fifth century, the last of the Tocharians was driven from the region by nomadic Huns, possibly the earliest of many subsequent waves of Tur- kic invaders in Central Asia.[13] *Who are the Turkic Peoples? This great family of peoples includes the Huns,Khazars,Avars and Bulgar-Turks of former times.[14] *The principal invaders in the north were no longer the Turkic Xiongnu[15] *Horses were vital to maintaining Han military strength against the increasing nomadic incur. sions from the Turkic Xiongnu tribal armies along the northern borders and in the northwest.[16] *The constant incursions in the Han's northern and northwestern frontiers by the Turkic nomads known as Xiongnu (the Huns) necessitated Han military expeditions across the Pamirs into Central Asia.[17] * By the 5th century many of the troops were barbarian foederation of Germanic, Turkic (“Huns and "Bulgars), and, perhaps, “Slavic origins [18] * The fact that the Bulgars of Asparukh - whom we considered descendants of the Huns led by Irnikh -were Turks.[19] *While the Hun hords of Attila that tried to conquer Europe were surely Proto-Türks.[20] Sources: *1- The Origins of the Huns-The History Files *2-The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe(Cambridge University Press)-Page 177 *3-Russian Translation Series of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology 1964 (Harvard University Press) *4-Among the People, Native Yugoslav Ethnography: Selected 1982(Michigan University Press) *5-Byzantium: Church, Society, and Civilization Seen Through Contemporary Eyes(University of Chicago Press)-Page 332 *6-Eurasian Studies Yearbook Volume 74 Eurolingua, 2002 *7-Islamic Peoples Of The Soviet Un-Page 384 *8-The Saga of the Volsungs: The Norse Epic of Sigurd the Dragon Slayer(University of California Press)-Page 15 *9-The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelth Century(University of Michigan Press)-Page 25 *10-Vanished Kingdoms: The Rise and Fall of States and Nations *11-China ancient and modern-Page-55 *12-Turkey: What Everyone Needs to Know®(Oxford University Press) *13-Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia-Page 251 *14-Oxford Symposium on Food & Cookery, 1989: Staplefoods : Proceedings *15-China: A New History, Second Enlarged Edition(Harvard University Press)-Page 73 *16-Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China ; Gansu and Ningxia, 4th - 7th Century ; [on the Occasion of the Exhibition "Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China", Organized by the Asia Society Museum, New York, October 13, 2001 - January 6, 2002 ...] *17-The Harvard Dictionary of Music-Page 261 *18- The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity-Page 1346 *19- The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia Volume 1-Page 202 *20-China Knowledge-Xiongnu
    5
  1462. Catch_Me_If_You_Can Bulgars came to europe with Huns and other Turk tribes
    5
  1463. Catch_Me_If_You_Can Modern historians saying they are Oghur Turks like Khazars and Sabirs
    5
  1464.  @Boyan67  Bulgarians are not Turkic idiot kid Bulgars are Turkic and still existing in Volga and Chuvashia As the number of evidence of linguistic, ethnographic and socio-political nature show that Bulgars belonged to the group of Turkic peoples.[36][24][26][30] The Bulgars (also Bolgars or proto-Bulgarians[40]) were a semi-nomadic people of Turkic descent, originally from Central Asia, who from the 2nd century onwards dwelled in the steppes north of the Caucasus and around the banks of river Volga (then Itil). https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria They colonised areas of the eastern Balkans and in the seventh century other Slav tribes combined with the Proto-Bulgars, a group of Turkic origin, to launch a fresh assault into the Balkans. https://assets.cambridge.org/97805216/16379/excerpt/9780521616379_excerpt.pdf https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/concise-history-of-bulgaria/E5AC0A4C1CB30368CE2AA22AC7C7EB8E Classified by phonetic criteria, Turkic languages are subdivided into a small r-language division, and a large z-division. The latter can again be subdivided into Yakut, the d-section, and y-languages. The r-group is The Ancient Northwestern Division: (I) Volga Bolghar (Volga- Bulgarian or Hunno-Bulgarian). Modem: (2) Chuvash. https://www.utpjournals.press/doi/pdf/10.3138/uram.7.1.34 The origin of the Tatars is subject to debate: are Kazan Tatars descendants of the pre-Mongol Turkic Bulgar people or descendants of the Tatars of the Mongol Golden Horde? https://www.international.ucla.edu/cnes/article/123623 More than a millenium of contact between Finno-Ugric (Mordvin, Mari and Permic) and Turkic languages (Bulgar-Chuvash and Volga Kipchak) in the Volga-Kama area have produced conditions of multilingualism and mutual linguistic influence. https://benjamins.com/catalog/tsl.108.23man The endangered Chuvash language is the only living representative of the Bulgar branch, the earliest offshoot of Proto-Turkic (PT), which is in many respects opposed to the Common Turkic (CT) languages. Evidence from Chuvash is of vital importance in reconstructing Proto-Turkic, particularly its phonology. Chuvash represents characteristic features of the Bulgar branch, such as two types of rhotacism (PT *ŕ > CT /z/, Bulg. /r/; PT *δ > Bulg. /r/ with /j/, /d/, /t/ and /z/ in different subgroups of CT), lambdacism (PT *λ > CT /š/, Bulg. /l/), the “Bulgar palatalization” (PT *s- > Bulg. /š-/ and PT *t- > Bulg. /č-/ in certain contexts) etc. (Dybo 2010; Róna-Tas & Berta 2011). These correspondences provide a more complete reconstruction of the Proto-Turkic phonological system. https://liberalarts.utexas.edu/lrc/extras/ichl/savelyev-crucial-role-of-chuvash-dialects.php The Turkic languages are further divided, whether one believes in Altaic unity or not, according to various characteristics, such as geography, or as follows, phonology. The first language to diverge from the rest of the Turkic languages is Chuvash (and Volga-Bulgar, which is either Old-Chuvash, or at some point merged with it), based on it exhibiting r and l where the others have z and s, respectively. For instance, the Bulgar word for 'nine' is taxar, while its cognate in Oguz is toquz. For the purposes of this paper, the r/l - z/S division is the most important, so that with the exception of Chuvash and Volga Bulgar, the Turkic languages will be treated as a whole unit. https://prism.ucalgary.ca/bitstream/handle/1880/51428/021_Winter_99_Therien.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y The Proto-Bulgarian language, whose Turkic character is fully proved, was the first Turkic language that came in contact with the language of the Slavs who lived on the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 5th century until the second half of the 7th century, when the peninsula was populated by Proto-Bulgarians. https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/LC/article/download/LC.2020.015/25589 The disagreement on the origins, however, is illustrated by two main theses – Kypchak and Bulgar. The Kypchak school of thought maintains that Volga Tatars descent directly from the Tatars of the Golden Horde, whereas the Bulgar claims that the forefathers of Kazan Tatars were Bulgars – a Turkic group that settled in the Middle Volga and lower Kama after being displaced from their ancestral lands located at the Sea of Azov by Arab raids. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-981-13-2898-5_148.pdf (Atlantic University Press) https://www.ethnologue.com/language/chv https://www.ethnologue.com/subgroups/bolgar http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/bolg1249 https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85017922.html Xiongnu (Pre-Proto-Bulgharic, in Mongolia). https://brill.com/downloadpdf/journals/jeal/1/1/article-p46_4.xml The Turkic component of the Xiongnu is, however, unambiguously signalled by a number of Bulgharic loanwords in Proto-Samoyedic https://www.studmed.ru/view/janhunen-j-the-mongolic-languages_5a46d1344a9.html?page=44 rowed from the Bulgar‒Chuvash branch of Turkic. ... need to show the length of Proto-Turkic /e/ explicitly in this paper, as it is always long. https://brill.com/downloadpdf/journals/jeal/1/1/article-p78_5.xml The Proto-Bulgarian language, whose Turkic character is fully proved, was the first Turkic language that came in contact with the language of the Slavs who lived on the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 5th century until the second half of the 7th century, when the peninsula was populated by Proto-Bulgarians. https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/LC/article/download/LC.2020.015/25589
    5
  1465. Crimea❤️
    5
  1466. The dynasty was founded by a Chagatai Turkic prince named Bābur (reigned 1526–30), who was descended from the Turkic conqueror Timur (Tamerlane) on his father’s side and from Chagatai, second son of the Mongol ruler Genghis Khan, on his mother’s side. Ousted from his ancestral domain in Central Asia, Bābur turned to India to satisfy his appetite for conquest. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Mughal-dynasty Imagehttps://books.google.com.tr › books Atlas of World History Patrick Karl O'Brien, Oxford University Press · 2002 · Reference Babur was of Turkic origin and traced his ancestry back to Timur-leng ... Beneath the mansabdari-Rajput elite, the empire rested on the labour ... https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=ffZy5tDjaUkC&pg=PA144&lpg=PA144&dq=rajput+turkic+origin&source=bl&ots=pc64tnVbah&sig=ACfU3U2WGpQBdYDAH8cxxcsBIKcBhnFnCg&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjDldzUmK3mAhUVQEEAHbkOC184ChDoATABegQIAxAB#v=onepage&q=rajput%20turkic%20origin&f=false
    5
  1467.  @thefaramith8876  The term Turk is also older than 6th century but we are talking about Turkic peoples not the term Turk.
    5
  1468.  @malolelei3937  Try to save your beloved Karabagh instead of being a keyboard warrior kiddo👶🏻
    5
  1469. Nilotic peoples are amazing
    5
  1470. 😂
    5
  1471.  @PsiensGate  take your copium
    5
  1472. Krum is Turk As the number of evidence of linguistic, ethnographic and socio-political nature show that Bulgars belonged to the group of Turkic peoples.[36][24][26][30] The Bulgars (also Bolgars or proto-Bulgarians[40]) were a semi-nomadic people of Turkic descent, originally from Central Asia, who from the 2nd century onwards dwelled in the steppes north of the Caucasus and around the banks of river Volga (then Itil). https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria Bulgars (< Turkic bulgha- ‘to mix, stir up, disturb’, i.e. ‘rebels’) A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian-Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiongnu (late 3rd cent. ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-820 Many Slavic tribes lived within the boundaries of the state, together with the proto-Bulgarians, a tribe of Turkic origin that had settled in the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 7th century. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boris-I The Bulgars were a Turkic tribal confederation that gave rise to the Balkan Bulgar and Volga Bulgar states.The ethynonym derives from the Turkish bulgha-,”to stir,mix,disturb,confuse.” https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=c788wWR_bLwC&pg=PA354&redir_esc=y&hl=tr#v=onepage&q=Bulgars&f=false (Harvard University Press) The Volga Bulgars, a Turkish tribe then living on the east bank of the Volga River, ... the laws of Islam to the Bulgars, who had recently converted to the religion. http://www.bookrags.com/research/ahmad-ibn-fadlan-ued/#gsc.tab=0 Eastern Bulgars , Bulgars Ancient Turkic people originating in the region n and e of the Black Sea. https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/balkan-states Volga Bulgaria was a northeastern European Turkic state that formed during the 9th century and continued into the first four decades of the 13th century. https://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe009 https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopedia-of-slavic-languages-and-linguistics-online/*-COM_031941 https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-Bulgar+languages https://xn--80ad7bbk5c.xn--p1ai/en/content/brief-history-suvar-bulgars http://bulgarizdat.ru/index.php/book1/article1-1 Bulgars, Eastern bŭl´gärz, –gərz [key], Turkic-speaking people, who possessed a powerful state (10th–14th cent.) at the confluence of the Volga and the Kama, E European Russia. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. Cambridge University Press https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=Ylz4fe7757cC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=proto+bulgars&source=bl&ots=vvGsuu2J3g&sig=ACfU3U2YuPKKdgVQKhoUi2fyDiC99n4N_Q&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiRqIaDlNvmAhWM-yoKHW38DDI4FBDoATAAegQIBRAB#v=onepage&q=proto%20bulgars&f=false
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  1473. Eteocypriots were real inhabitants of Cyprus not Greeks
    5
  1474.  @Gehri_soch2.0  Saladin was a relatively mediocre general losing numerous battles such as Acre, Arsuf, Belvoir, Tyre, Kerak out of which the defeats at Jaffa & Montgisard are particularly embarassing ones
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  1475. Hindi-Urdu has over 30% Arabo-Persian loanwords
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  1476. The names turk and atrak as designating the Mamlüks have lasted up to the very end of the Mamlük sultanate. The Ottomans, their state, and their lands have other names in the Mamlük sources. Even during their conquest of Syria and Egypt the Ottomans are called Uthmaniyya, rüm (or arwüm), and quite frequently taräkima or turkmän." However, atrāk and turkiyya in connection with the Turkish speaking peoples and their lands in and about Anatolia do appear in those sources, albeit very rarely. Already Ibn Fadl Allah al-Umari, in the first half of the fourteenth century, speaks about mamlakat al-atrak bil-rum and bilad al-aträk bil-rüm. A later historian of the mid-fifteenth century, Ibn Taghribirdi, calls those lands al-turkiya, biläd al-turkiyya, and barr al-turkiyya, in connection with the import of wood and flour from Iljün and the supplying by sea of the Mamluk forces fighting the Turkmen Shāh Siwar.¹
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  1477. "The Turkish owners turned to Egypt to fight the Arabs. O my Lord! Just as you gave this land to Yusuf who was righteous from the sons of Jacob, now in our age, give this land to Yusuf (Saladin Ayyubi), one of the sons of Ayyub. It cuts the veins of their legs. " (ibn kesîr, el bdaya ve'n-nihaye, vol 12, p. 456-457)
    5
  1478. Biz de filistine ağlayalım🤓
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  1479. Pls make video about Turkic languages
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  1480. Indonasia from Turkey
    5
  1481. Ghaznavids❤Ottomans
    5
  1482. Most articles on Wikipedia are accurate and based on reliable credible sources. However, it cannot be ignored that in many articles about history, politics, etc., propaganda is made with the cherrypicking method.
    5
  1483.  @derindiren7943  zırvayı diyecektin herhalde
    5
  1484. 🇹🇷😍
    4
  1485. Uzun Hasan da büyük adam aslında ateşli silahlar onda da olsaydı durum değişebilirdi. Karakoyunluların tümünü ve Timurluların yarısını fethetmesi boru değil.
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  1486. Ataman/Otaman ~ Hetman :-)
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  1487. Greek kids are dreaming about Romans being Hellenic empire 🤣🤣🤣 they were not even rulers or founders of this empire
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  1488. Nikov is the first Bulgarian historian to pay special attention to, and attri bute great significance to, the Turkic components in the Bulgarian ethnogen esis (i.e., after the Bulgars) and among the ruling aristocracy. He elaborated on the issue of the "Turkic element's" influence upon Bulgarian history in a 1928 unpublished manuscript (delivered as a public lecture). Nikov began with the following policy-setting statement: There is no period in our history on which the Turkic element did not exert its strongest influence and did not leave the deepest traces in the development of our people. [...] None of the Balkan peoples has experi enced the Turkic influence so strongly as our people, The Turkic pressure began from Central Asia and had two directions to the northwest through southern Russia, and to the southwest through Persia and Asia Minor. The Bulgarian state was founded due to one of the Turkic peoples, the Bulgars, who themselves joined a number of Turkic tribal alliances (of Huns, Kutrigurs, Utigurs, Avars, and Khazars). During Byzantine rule, the Turkic Pechenegs and Uz came from the north; many of them crossed the Danube and were assimilated by the Bulgarian people. Then came the Cumans, without whose decisive help the uprising of Asenevtsi would hardly have succeeded. Thus, just as the First Bulgarian Kingdom was founded with the help of the Turkic Bulgars, the Second Kingdom was founded with "the decisive collabora tion of the Turkic Cumans."129 Not only did Cumans settle south of the Danube and become assimilated and absorbed by the Slavic-Bulgarian people, but they were also of great significance politically in the Second Kingdom, whose dynas ties all had Cuman blood in them. There were also many Bulgarian boyars of Cuman origin, including Balic in Dobrudzha. It could even be said that the Cumans acquired a dominant position in the political life of the state. 130 There followed the influence of the Mongol Tartars, who even supplied one Bulgarian king, Chaka. But of greatest importance were the Ottoman and Seljuk Turks, who conquered the Balkans from Asia Minor. Concerning the Cumans, Nikov considers the "transfusion of blood" from Turkic "elements" an asset, a means of rejuvenating and strengthening the "race" and enhancing the vitality of the Bulgarian people (in contrast with the conquering Turks).
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  1489. My favorite series
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  1490. Hayreddin Barbarossa was greatest corsair ever😎
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  1491. Ne Mutlu Türküm🇹🇷🇦🇿
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  1492. @V Turkic peoples actually ruled Iranic peoples 1500 years i mean not only Persians but all Iranic peoples from East Iranic Sogdians, Bactrians, Chorasmians, Pashtuns to West Iranic Persians, Lurs, Goranis etc.
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  1493. OTTOMAN AFRICA 😻😻😻
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  1494. Mughal Empire 😍
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  1495.  @SD-SD-SD  fort comme un turc [adj] très fort ; vigoureux ; robuste ; costaud Origin and definition Today, a Turk is just another human being. And even if there are Turks who hold world records in weightlifting, nothing seems to justify calling a Turk more strong than a Greek, a Monegasque or a Chinese. But we must not forget the history of Turkey. Before this country became what it is today, there was the Ottoman Empire built by a people of warriors through conquests in Europe, Africa and Asia. These Turkish or Ottoman fighters impressed by their strength, their courage and also their brutality, their cruelty. Thus in the 17th and 18th centuries, the Turk symbolized the unbeliever, the brutal enemy. It was also said of someone who was rude and ruthless that he was "a real Turk" and to treat someone "Turkish" was to treat him unceremoniously. The expression originated in the mid-15th century, shortly after the capture of Constantinople (ancient Byzantium and present-day Istanbul) by the troops of Sultan Mehmet II in 1453. Examples “I have two, sir, who, without vanity, could be presented to the pope, especially my eldest, who is a pretty bit of a girl. I am raising her to be a countess, although her mother does not want it. How old is she, sir, this future countess? But she is approaching fifteen years old: already that is a fathom taller for you, nice, fresh as an April morning, agile, uncoupled, sprightly, and above all strong as a Turk. Devil ! these are good dispositions for being a countess. Oh ! her mother may say so, she will be. » Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra - Don Quixote of La Mancha
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  1496. 🧐🤨
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  1497. 😅
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  1498. NORTHERN CYPRUS 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
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  1499.  @berserk9085 🍼🍼🍼
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  1500. Weak history
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  1501. Cringe empire
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  1502.  @GreaterAfghanistanMovement  No other sentence could be expected from a 20 iq primat living in the 7th world country. Where were those so-called men while foreign empires ruled and invaded Afghan women for thousands of years?
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  1503. India from Turkey
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  1504. Which Persians😂 Both sides were Oghuz Turks
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  1505. Purevjargal Puujee China: A New Cultural History - Sayfa 238 https://books.google.com.tr › books Cho-yun Hsu - 2012 - ‎Önizleme - ‎Diğer sürümler The Turko-Mongol Khitan (Qidan) arose at the end of the Tang, and in 938, during the Five Dynasties, Emperor Shi Jingtang of the Later Jin ceded sixteen northern prefects to them. From that point on, throughout several hundred years of the ... The New Encyclopaedia Britannica - 25. cilt - Sayfa 479 https://books.google.com.tr › books Encyclopaedia Britannica, inc - 2003 - ‎Snippet görünümü - ‎Diğer sürümler tribes of Tibet, such as the Hsi Hsia, and the Khitans (a Turco-Mongolian people from Manchuria) from raiding the borderlands and the local capital. The position of Yu- chou consequently became increasingly important. On the fall of T'ang ... https://books.google.com.tr › books The Oxford Handbook of Iranian History Touraj Daryaee · 2012 · History The Mongols were welcomed not only by the Muslims of the province but by the Turco-Mongol Khitans, who as ... Imagehttps://eprints.soas.ac.uk › Mongols... the mongols in iran - SOAS Research Online yazan: G Lane · 2012 · Alıntılanma sayısı: 11 · İlgili makaleler 8 Eki 2011 · the oxford handbook of iranian history ... Muslims of the province but by the Turco -Mongol Khitans, ... Imageeprints.lse.ac.uk › ...PDF Remnants of the Mongol imperial tradition - LSE Research Online yazan: IB Neumann · 2015 · Alıntılanma sayısı: 1 · İlgili makaleler The Khitans were a semi-nomadic Turko-Mongolian people that had established the. Liao dynasty, been displaced, and ... The Khitans are Turco-mongolic peoples
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  1506. The ancient Hellenes were conquered by the Romans . Emperor Justinian destroyed the last vestiges of Hellenic civilisation , and state Christianity created a new civilisation on the ruins of the old . Koliopoulos, G. and Veremēs, T., 2007. Greece: the modern sequel. London: Hurst & Company, p.242. Hellenes as they were called, were persecuted by the enforcement of these general rules; Justinian endeavored, above all things, to deprive them of education, and he had the University of Athens closed in 529; at the same time ordering wholesale conversations. The Cambridge Medieval History volumes 1-5 by John Bagnell Bury, Paul Dalen (Goodreads Author) (Editor) And there is also evidence that the word 'Hellene' now meant 'pagan', and Justinian did conduct persecutions of Hellenes. The world of Classics in the sixth century was not entirely rosy. Scott, R., n.d. Byzantine chronicles and the sixth century Wow very “Hellenic” And don’t forget that the rulers were also NOT HELLENIC by origin
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  1507. Germany and Turkey
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  1508. Qing was Tungusic Empire bro not Sinitic
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  1509.  @user-dq1kc6gr3e  nope
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  1510.  @user-jw2hq5yj4d  saying by Iranized Elamite Kassite🤣
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  1511.  @SpartanLeonidas1821  also Many Turkic warriors like Nader Shah, Alauddin Khalji, Jalaladdin Mangburni, Selim the Grim, Suleiman the Magnificent etc. were known as “Sikandar-i Sani” which simply means Second/New Alexander
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  1512.  @SpartanLeonidas1821  Hellenic peoples got enslaved by Indic Mauryan Empire also🤣
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  1513.  @SpartanLeonidas1821  Turkic Emperor Mahmud of Ghazni > all Hellenic rulers of Northern India baby🤣
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  1514.  @SpartanLeonidas1821  It seems impossible that enslaved women could endure the long trip from the Mediterrean to Central India in early Antiquity, a distance of 4,000 miles or over 1000 hours of walking according to google maps. Yet Greek and Roman records of slave acquisitions, sales, or trade with India set against mentions of Greek or Yavana (western) women in Indian harems reveal that it was possible, even normal, to transport captive Greek women to India. This paper will use Sanskirt, Pali, and Prakrit texts to analyze how these Greek female slaves were viewed and used as elite slaves in Indian society. A Prakrit text, Antagada-dasio, describes a royal Jain household which included Greek ‘Yavana’women as household slaves along with many other ethnicities as early as the 5th century BCE-The Persian Era. These women were described wearing their ethnic clothing and communicating in sign language showing that ethnic diversity was valued by royals. Greek/western women appear in other Indian sources from antiquity mentioning Greek female slaves serving as harem attendants and as female units of armed body guards that surrounded the ruler in and outside of the harem walls. Did using women in quasi-military units result from the Amazon legends that followed Alexander the Great into India? Other sources hint that numerous Greek women worked in India as topless dancers, entertainers, musicians, and courtesans. The Greek women in texts give a view of multi-ethnic elite female slavery in ancient India. Their racial and ethnic differences made them exotic. The distant peoples that they represented demonstrated their owner’s imperial ambitions. Greek slaves, whether used as concubines, courtesans, or personal body guards, provided prestige for Indian rulers who used female slaves to demonstrate their imperial ambitions and sophistication. The Prestige Makers: Greek Slave Women in Ancient India Kathryn A. HainLink to Orcid Journal of World History University of Hawai'i Press Volume 31, Number 2, June 2020 pp. 265-294
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  1515.  @SpartanLeonidas1821  You were also slaves of Seljuks :DDD The predominance of Greek women at the Seljuk harem thus seems to have been merely a royal variation of a common practice in Muslim Anatolia. Greek women were valued as the most prestigious marriage partners among all strata of Muslim society. It was Greek women who guided their Muslim husbands and masters into the refined Byzantine way of life and the world of Byzantine luxury, introducing among other things new cuisines and ways of structuring the household. Although the information on Seljuk marriage policy in the eleventh to twelfth century is scarce, it seems highly probably that the Seljuk harem was modelled along similar lines as other strata of Muslim Anatolian society, with a preference of marriage to Greek women who in turn acted as mediators to the old world of the 'empire of the Romans'. Peacock, A. and Yildiz, S., 2012. The Seljuks of Anatolia.
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  1516.  @SpartanLeonidas1821  even Albanic peoples like Arvanites, Ghegs and Tosks ruled Hellenics🤣😹
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  1517.  @SpartanLeonidas1821  Heraclian was Armenian dynasty just like Macedonian dynasty
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  1518.  @SpartanLeonidas1821  and also Turkic slaves became WARRIORS and EMPERORS around the world while Hellenic slaves became nobodies🤣
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  1519.  @SpartanLeonidas1821  You can compare Turkic history with any other ethno-linguistic history even with Germanic🤣 We have far better history than most Europeans ethnicities including Celtic, Baltic, Slavic, Hellenic, Albanic, Italic, Basque, Finno-Ugric etc. peoples
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  1520. Most unlovable country:Afghanistan
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  1521. Eastern Romans were referred to as the Roman Empire (Rum) in all Turkic and Arabic sources. Medieval Turks and Arabs knew that they had nothing to do with Hellenic peoples. Even this is enough to refute the nonsense invented by the ultra-nationalist Greeks to portray the state as Greek. The Greeks often resort to such lies to hide that they have always been ruled by others throughout history. And also, the Roman Empire was a single state, a state called eastern rome or byzantine is not mentioned in historical documents. “Imperum Romanum” is always the official name of the state. (Not Imperium Grecum ;) ) Also, the Greeks are trying to steal not only the late Roman empire, but even the Pontus kingdom, which has nothing to do with them 🤣 The Romans really put an end to Hellenism and made you a "nothing" in history.
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  1522. So call Mongolic peoples: The earliest reference to the Mongols classifies them as a Tang dynasty tribe of Shiwei during the eighth century. It was only after the fall of the Liao dynasty in 1125 that they became an important tribe on the Central Asian steppe, but tribal wars weakened their power over the ensuing century. During the thirteenth century, the term Mongol was used to refer to the Mongolic and Turkic tribes who fell under the control of Genghis Khan. The Mongols are primarily a shamanist society; their central deity is the sky god Tenger. Native Peoples of the World: An Encyclopedia of Groups, Cultures and Contemporary Issues By Steven L. Danver, p.225
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  1523. However, the teaching materials employed in Bulgarian schools prefer to dub these Turkic-speaking Bulgars as “Bulgarians” (or sometimes “Proto-Bulgarians”), so that in Bulgarian vocabulary no distinction is maintained between Turkic Bulgars and Slavophone Bulgarians. https://neweasterneurope.eu/2019/03/24/bulgarias-denial-of-its-ottoman-past-and-turkish-identity/
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  1524. Bulgur vs Malaka
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  1525.  @Tanriquli  Timur was proud to call himself a Turk and hated the appellation “ Mongol ” even for his pre - Islamic ancestors . In fact , the Mongols who had migrated to newly occupied countries in the time of Chengiz Khan , integrated with the people of the Central Asian region , thus giving birth to a Turkish population . In Mongolia they retained their original characteristics . Nomadic feudalism was the pivot around which the Mongol social organization revolved . The history of Mongol feudalism is the history of their social institutions . Khan, Y., 1976. Two studies in early Mughal history. Simla: Indian Institute of Advanced Study, p.6.
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  1526. Roman Empire was single state also. Byzantine or Eastern Roman didn’t even exist. Their official name was always Imperium Romanum not Imperium Byzantium or Imperum Grecum
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  1527. Love to see those Pan-Kurds like Ugur in the comment section🤓
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  1528.  @payambeigi1689  most Mongol army was Turkic :)
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  1529. The two never faced each other dude :) Your hero hid like a mouse from hole to hole. Winning a war by using guerrilla tactics in your own mountainous region is not a great feat. If he was that brave and won a pitched battle :)))
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  1530. Ottoroman Empire
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  1531. TRNC❤️❤️❤️
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  1532. Gayderick the Gayreat
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  1533. Given the history of Bulgaria and the presence in the country of a large and fairly well - to - do minority , anti - Turkism is an easy and obvious means showing the patriotism of those in power .
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  1534. Timurid Turk şimdi yazar selahaddin şu kadar türk devletini yendi bilmemne etti diye😂😂
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  1535. 😂😂😂
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  1536. Romans conqeured and destroyed almost all Celtic peoples who even cares Scotland🐰
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  1537. The greatest success of the Turks, their history as administrators,has been little appreciated in the West. For six hundred years the Ottoman Empire ruled successfully over a great land, an imperial record that can stand with that of Romans. The Ottomans created an empire of unique toleration, where many peoples and religions kept their own traditions at a time when religious persecution was the rule elsewhere. It was an empire of laws, held together by rules as much as by the personality of the sultan. It is no accident that the great sultan Süleyman, known to the West as The Magnificent, was known to the Turks as The Lawgiver, asign of his and the Empire's true success. If the achievements of the Turks in politics and law are littleknown in America, those in the humanities are even less so. Yet Turkish music, art, architecture, and poetry were the crowning glories, coming as they do from a different cultural tradition. The beauty of Turkish poetry may only be fully appreciated in Turkish and Turkish classical music may not perfectly match whatis expected by Western ears, but the beauty of Turkish art caneasily be seen. The grace of Turkish calligraphy, the colors of Turkish miniature paintings, and the geometric forms of Turkishporcelain tiles are known to be high art by anyone who has seenthem. The great mosques of Istanbul, especially Sinan's Süleymaniye Mosque, rival any buildings in the world. The accomplishments of modern Turkey have been in a different context. The task of the modern Turks was to create a democratic,independent society. In a time of imperialism, Turkey was oneof the few nations to keep its independence, despite great odds against it. Turkey was almost unique outside of Western Europeand North America in its sustained drive to gain democracy. Firs tnoted under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk for its campaign to educateand develop its people to live in the modern world. Turkey now is an economic success and a multiparty democracy. It is one of the few countries of its region that have significantly raised itself up economically, without oil revenues to depend on. Muchremains to be done, but the success is notable. Today, Turkey is a bridge between the Middle East and the West,as well as a bridge between the West and the newly freed lands of Central Asia. It is a state whose people are overwhelmingly Muslim, yet also a state that is thoroughly secular in its lawsand government. The great tradition of Islam is not forgotten,nor is the tradition of western philosophy, government, and technology.
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  1538.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  but Romans, Crusaders and Western Europe were happy though due to Turks and Muslims got weakened by Mongols
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  1539.  @tomsmith4542  🤓
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  1540. Hassan A Unclear origin
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  1541.  @aidin4708  👾
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  1542. Liao was khitan not mongolic
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  1543. Studies in both Greece and Cyprus are included in this chapter. Standard Greek is the language spoken throughout Greece at home, with minor dialectic variation, and the sole language of administration and education. In contrast, in Cyprus the home language is Cypriot Greek, a dialect with no standardized or written form, but the language of administration and education is very similar to standard Greek, in a situation of diglossia (Hadjioannou, Tsiplakou & Kappler, 2011). There are differences between standard and Cypriot Greek in most linguistic domains, and the two dialects are not entirely mutually intelligible (see discussion and references in Arvaniti, 2006, 2010). Although many phonological awareness tasks may be largely equivalent when used in Greece and Cyprus, it might be kept in mind that Cypriot children are taught and tested in a nonnative linguistic system. Saiegh-Haddad, E. (2017). Learning to Read Arabic. In L. Verhoeven & C. Perfetti (Eds.), Learning to Read across Languages and Writing Systems (pp. 183). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Cypriot Greek, which has a certain amount of regional variation, is markedly different from Standard Greek not only for historical reasons but also because of geographical isolation, different settlement patterns, and extensive contact with typologically distinct languages. The syntax of Cypriot Greek is almost identical with that of Standard Greek, but there are differences in morphol ogy and considerable differences in lexicon and phonology (Papapavlou 1994). The main phonological differences include the presence in Cypriot of palato-alveolar affri cates, and of geminate consonants, includ ing in word-initial position (Newton 1972). Although the differences in syntax, mor phology and phonology are not enormous, the Cypriot dialect and Standard Greek are not particularly readily intelligible (Papa pavlou 1994), probably mostly because the lexicon of Cypriot has significantly more. lexical items of non-Greek origin (Chat zioyannou 1936). Ammon, U., Dittmar, N., Mattheier, K. and Trudgill, P., n.d. Sociolinguistics/ Soziolinguistik. Volume 3. p.1886. Cypriot Greek has often been referred to as a dialect of Greek (Contossopoulos, 2000); a variety that is linguistically proximal to Standard Modern Greek (Grohmann and Kambanaros, 2016 Grohmann et al. 2016), which is the official language in the environment our participants acquire language. Although the official language in education and other formal settings is indeed Standard Modern Greek, research has shown the boundaries between the two varieties, Standard Modern Greek and Cypriot Greek, and their distribution across different registers is not straightforward (Grohmann and Leivada, 2012, Tsiplakou et al. 2016). At times mixing is attested without code-switching being in place, while no official characterization has been provided for any of these terms in this specific context. The question arising in this context is whether the attested variants emerging in mixed speech repertoires are functionally equivalent for an individual speaker. The concept of "competing grammars goes back to Krich 11989, 1991), who proposed that speakers project multiple grammars to deal with ambiguous input This concept has been explicitly connected to the relation between Standard and Cypriot Greek (Papadopo et al. 2014; plaka 2014; Grohman et al 2017) The two varieties have differences in all levels of linguistic analysis and often monolingual speakers of Standard Modern Greek judge Cypriot Greek as unintelligible. At the same time, Greek Cypriot speakers do not always provide reliable judgments of their own speech since these are often clouded by sociolinguistic attitudes toward using the non-standard variety. Cypriot Greek lacks official codification and its status as a different language/variety is often denied by Greek Cypriots who may downplay the differences between Standard Modern Greek and Cypriot Greek and describe the latter as just an accent (Arvaniti, 2010). As the discussion of the different variants will make clear in the next section, the two varieties have differences across levels of linguistic analysis and these differences vastly exceed the sphere of phonetics or phonology. All speakers of Cypriot Greek have exposure to Standard Modern Greek through education and other mediums and in this way, they are competent to different degrees in both varieties. We employ the term 'bilectal' (Rowe and Grohmann, 2013, 2014) to refer to the participants of this study, although it is not entirely clear that the varieties they are exposed to are Standard Modern Greek and Cypriot Greek or that they are only two varieties, under the assumption that a continuum is in place. For instance, the term 'Cypriot Standard Greek' (Arvaniti, 2010) has been proposed to refer to an emerging variety that may count as the standard in the context of Cyprus. This would be a sociolinguistically 'high' variety (Ferguson, 1959) that is used in formal settings, although its degree of proximity with Standard Modern Greek is difficult to determine with precision because great fluidity is attested across different settings and geographical areas. At the school environment, for example, one notices the existence of three different varieties: Cypriot Greek, as the home variety that is used when students interact with each other, Standard Modern Greek, as the language of the teaching material, and another standard-like variety that incorporates elements from both varieties, and is present in the repertoire of both the students and the instructors (Sophocleous and Wilks. 2010; Hadjioannou et al., 2011; Leivada et al.. 2017).
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  1544. Balex half of albanians
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  1545. If you have invaded other people's lands, eventually those lands will be gone :)
    4
  1546. A letter from Nädir to the Ottoman 1129 Sultan Mahmud I addressed Mahmüd as "the world-illuminating light of the Turkmän royal house.30 Avoiding any specific definitions of these ancestral Turkic ties, Nadir appealed to them as a way to reconnect disparate Muslim realms. In its audacity, Nadir's vision resembled Timür's grandiose plans. Both tried to invent the tradition of an imagined unity that had never actually existed, and could, in any case, only be implemented anyway by glossing over irreconcilable differences. Pfeiffer, J. and Woods, J., n.d. History and historiography of post Mongol Central Asia and the Middle East. pp.338, 339.
    4
  1547. In the classical Persian literary tradition – the entire vocabulary of which consists of stock phrases and images - "Turk' and 'Tajik' are stand-in terms for easily recognizable social stereotypes: one simple but violent; the other wily but civilized. Rūmi turns this on its head, however, in the following couplet: Attack upon attack came the darkness of night/Be strong like a Turk, not soft like a Tajik' (Yek hamleh va yek hamleh, āmad shab va tārīkī/chosti kon va "Torki' kon, na narmī va ‘Tājīkī'). Often ‘Turk' was also used to refer to the poet's beautiful young (unattainable) beloved, as in the following lines from Sa'di: 'Maybe they'll tell the King/"Your Turk (i.e., your Beloved) has spilled Tajik blood" (Shayad ke be padshah begüyand/Tork-e tö berikht khūn-e Tājīk), or elsewhere, 'Show your Tajik face, not Abyssinian black/That the Heavens may obliterate the face of the Turks' (Ru-ye Tājīkāna-t benmā, tā dagh-e habash/ Asman chehre-ye Torkān yaghma'i keshad). Since Turkic men often ‘married up’ and started families with Tajik women, the bloodlines tended to become increasingly mixed over the generations. (Recent DNA studies in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan have shown no notable genetic difference between modern Uzbeks and Tajiks.) And since children typically spent their first years within the harem, the influence of Tajik mothers in constructing the identity of their mixed-race children was surely much greater than is admitted in the patriarchal written sources of the time. Military figures in particular often made much of their tough Turkic heritage, even as they sought to demonstrate their own cultivation by speaking Persian and patronizing Persian courtly culture. The Tajik scribes, for their part, were naturally required to flatter their patrons, but they flattered themselves as well in whatever subtle ways they could. — Richard Foltz, Chapter 4, Tajiks and Turks, The Turk–Tajik symbiosis
    4
  1548. Jalaladdin Mingburnu was really great warrior who defeated Mongol Empire 5 times
    4
  1549. Timurid Turk o nasıl tanım öyle köle türk kökenli aşırı farslaşmış müslüman hanedan😂😂😂 Gerçekte olması gereken türk devleti veya imparatorluğu tıpkı öbür kaynaklarda geçtiği gibi
    4
  1550. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇦🇿🇦🇿🇦🇿
    4
  1551. My ancestors😻😻😻😻😻😻
    4
  1552.  @napoleonfeanor  based
    4
  1553. 🤮
    4
  1554. Kosovo is Turkiye
    4
  1555. Love Egypt from Turkey Turks like Baibars and Qutuz made Egypt Great
    4
  1556.  @theegyptianpharaonicking3849  My favorite mosque of Egypt is Ahmad ibn Tulun mosque,one of the greatest islamic arthitectures of all time
    4
  1557. Most Celtic peoples are living in USA now
    4
  1558. Erman Uyanık Bayezid the Thunderbolt defeated 25 European country in this war :D,that is crazy
    4
  1559. Tudors = Celts
    4
  1560. Cringe lozan treaty...
    4
  1561. They never considered themselves (especially its founder) Persians, but the mistake Europeans made was to call any state that ruled Iran "persia". Even the name of the state "Qajar" is the name of a Turk tribe. Even Ilkhanates, a Mongol state, was wrongly referred to as Persia by Europeans.
    4
  1562. 🇹🇷😻
    4
  1563.  @iloveyoushima  Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
    4
  1564. Baseless statements
    4
  1565. Aslında biliniyor bayağı 😅
    4
  1566. No Turkey :-)
    4
  1567. 😪
    4
  1568. Romania occupied Hungarian and Bulgarian lands i think
    4
  1569. Romania(Wallachia) was very small in the history,todays romania is really big compare to old one
    4
  1570. Bulgarian Girl Bulgars are not slavic but Turkic
    4
  1571. Turkey 😍
    4
  1572. Poland vs Manchuria
    4
  1573. Germany and Turkey
    4
  1574.  @rameen7646  Stop doing funny paniranist propaganda lol :D Mahmud of Ghazni didn’t even know persian
    4
  1575.  @rameen7646  That’s why persians called Mahmud of Ghazni Barbarian speaker
    4
  1576. Vassalus
    4
  1577. Modern linguistics does not recognize any linguistic difference between a "language" and a "dialect": the difference between them is political or ideological, not linguistic. Mutual intelligibility, for example, does not work as a criterion. Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish are mutually intelligible, but have the status of separate languages; while many "languages" have dialects which are not mutually intelligible (Arabic, Chinese, and Italian, for example).
    4
  1578. Vikings
    4
  1579. Saladin was worthy of particular praise as an exceptional figure who had ‘cleansed the holy places of infidelity, who fought the Franks and abolished the trinity of God’. The sultan was described as being of the Turkish dynasty , although his name was given as ‘Salah al-Din al-Kurdi’. “The View from the East: From the Medieval Age to the Late Nineteenth Century.” The Life and Legend of the Sultan Saladin, by JONATHAN PHILLIPS, Yale University Press, NEW HAVEN; LONDON, 2019, pp. 329–344. under the Turkish dynasty , from the days ofSalah al-Din ibn Ayyub on. This is because the Turkish amirs under the Turkish dynasty [of the Ayyubids and Mamluks] were afraid that their ruler might proceed against the de- scendents they would leave behind “The Face of Medieval Jerusalem.” Jerusalem: The Holy City in the Eyes of Chroniclers, Visitors, Pilgrims, and Prophets from the Days of Abraham to the Beginnings of Modern Times, by F. E. Peters, Princeton University Press, PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY, 1985, pp. 379–426. It is rather jarring to hear Sanudo describe the eleventh-century Turks as ‘unskilled in war’ given that they had just conquered the bulk of the Near East,but nonetheless he is undoubtedly right in his claim that the Zangid/Ayyubid Turks in Syria built up their heavy cavalry in response to the Franks. The crusader states and their neighbours : a military history, 1099-1187 Author: Nicholas Morton Publisher: Oxford Oxford University Press 2020 Pp 229. Initiated by Pope Innocent III , the original intention of the crusade was to attack the Turkish Ayyubid dynasty in Egypt , but along the way financial and other considerations diverted the French and Venetian crusaders to Constantinople The Late Byzantine Army: Arms and Society, 1204-1453 Mark C. Bartusis University of Pennsylvania Press, 1992 pp.6
    4
  1580. Umarım
    4
  1581. 0:17 Lol
    4
  1582.  @IDK-ue1gy  yea
    4
  1583.  Ariel Sergio Ramos  Iranian is nationality which means who’s from Iran , Iranic is ethno-linguistic identity.
    4
  1584.  @YouTubeUniversity-ko8ug  🤲🏿🤲🏿🤲🏿🍼🍼🍼
    4
  1585. They are Bulgar Turks not Slav Bulgarians cry🤣🤣🤣
    4
  1586. Knowledgia :D
    4
  1587. In short, it is hard to think of any other ethnolinguistic entity in history that conquered so vast a territory and founded so many empires and states, also contributing to world civilizations. The history of the Turkic peoples was an important factor in world history for more than a millennium until the emergence of Europe as the world's dominant power. What happened in the Turkic world often affected the history of China, Central Asia, the Middle East, South Asia, and Europe. One may also argue that world history began with the "Turko-Mongol" empire created by Chinggis Khan. In the contemporary world, Turkic-speaking nations form six states (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, and Turkey/Türkiye) and several "autonomous" units in Russia (the republics of Chuvash, Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Altai, Khakassia, Tuva, and Sakha) and China (the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region). Turkic peoples also reside as minority groups in several other countries, including Mongolia and Iran, among others. It would therefore be difficult to acquire a comprehensive understanding of world history as well as our present world without studying the history of the Turkic peoples.
    4
  1588. İyi kandırdılar valla
    4
  1589. The significant amount of Turkic loanwords in modern Ossetic bears witness to the fact that in the ancient past there were intensive contacts between the ancestors of modern-day Ossetians and the Turkic world.
    4
  1590.  @82dorrin  example?
    4
  1591. Başkanın aksanı çok değişik geliyor kulağa😮
    4
  1592. OTTOMANS❤❤❤
    4
  1593.  @ryansmith8345  That’s fallacy. Have you ever heard writing of early Ottoman historians like Aşıkpaşazade? His book is almost completely understandable to modern Turkish.
    4
  1594. 😕
    4
  1595.  @yaqubleis6311  “Turkic history is joke” Then reality strikes🤣 In the classical Persian literary tradition – the entire vocabulary of which consists of stock phrases and images - "Turk' and 'Tajik' are stand-in terms for easily recognizable social stereotypes: one simple but violent; the other wily but civilized. Rūmi turns this on its head, however, in the following couplet: Attack upon attack came the darkness of night/Be strong like a Turk, not soft like a Tajik' (Yek hamleh va yek hamleh, āmad shab va tārīkī/chosti kon va "Torki' kon, na narmī va ‘Tājīkī'). Often ‘Turk' was also used to refer to the poet's beautiful young (unattainable) beloved, as in the following lines from Sa'di: 'Maybe they'll tell the King/"Your Turk (i.e., your Beloved) has spilled Tajik blood" (Shayad ke be padshah begüyand/Tork-e tö berikht khūn-e Tājīk), or elsewhere, 'Show your Tajik face, not Abyssinian black/That the Heavens may obliterate the face of the Turks' (Ru-ye Tājīkāna-t benmā, tā dagh-e habash/ Asman chehre-ye Torkān yaghma'i keshad). Since Turkic men often ‘married up’ and started families with Tajik women, the bloodlines tended to become increasingly mixed over the generations. (Recent DNA studies in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan have shown no notable genetic difference between modern Uzbeks and Tajiks.) And since children typically spent their first years within the harem, the influence of Tajik mothers in constructing the identity of their mixed-race children was surely much greater than is admitted in the patriarchal written sources of the time. Military figures in particular often made much of their tough Turkic heritage, even as they sought to demonstrate their own cultivation by speaking Persian and patronizing Persian courtly culture. The Tajik scribes, for their part, were naturally required to flatter their patrons, but they flattered themselves as well in whatever subtle ways they could. — Richard Foltz, Chapter 4, Tajiks and Turks, The Turk–Tajik symbiosis The Iranians thought the Turks coarse and uncouth, lacking any appreciation for poetry and the other fine arts. The Turks, on the other hand, looked down on the Persians as effete and unable to pacify and protect their own country. This conflict is said by one recent commen- tator to have been a major cause for the collapse of the regime. The Safavid emperors were never able to integrate the two types into a coherent, unified governing system." Blake, S. (1991). Courtly and popular culture. In Shahjahanabad: The Sovereign City in Mughal India 1639–1739 (Cambridge South Asian Studies, pp. 122-160). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. FURTHERMORE: ”Fifty thousand Persians in full armour and riding at full gallop could not buckle and route a single Minggan (thousand) of Turks” - Al Maqrizi 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
    4
  1596.  @yaqubleis6311  The Achaemenids and Sassanids got destroyed by a Hellenic and Arabic tribe respectively Parthians had their capital countless times sacked by Romans and post Islamic Persia was basically a playground for Arabs, Turks, and Mongols as we all know
    4
  1597.  @yaqubleis6311  Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, shaping the history of Balkans, Islamization of Northern India, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire. What about Lurs??? Literally nobodies of history🤣
    4
  1598.  @yaqubleis6311  The fact that formerly Iranic inhabited regions like Azerbaijan and much of modern Central Asia have become Turkic populated lands now says a lot about who dominated whom
    4
  1599.  @yaqubleis6311  In history, “Turkish people” are famous for their strength, there is even a French expression referring to it: Il est fort comme un Turc = He is strong as a Turkish. What about Persians? the Arabic proverb cited by the North African analytic historian Ibn Khaldun of the fourteenth century: dawlah 'ind al-turk, din 'ind al-'arab wa adab 'ind al-furs Power (rests) with the Turk, religion with the Arab, and culture with the Persian.
    4
  1600.  @xNazgrel  and your non-existent reliable sources
    4
  1601. Huns and Bulgars are Oghur Turks according to modern historians and chinese sources
    4
  1602. 😻😻😻😍😍😍
    4
  1603. Mughals❤
    4
  1604. Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
    4
  1605. Capet = Best dynasty of European history
    4
  1606. Cool
    4
  1607. Cringy
    4
  1608.  @nenenindonu  Western Iranians definitely don't understand eastern Iranians but they claim to be the same people :-)
    4
  1609.  @nenenindonu  The Iranians were really lucky. Had Julius Caesar lived a little longer, he would have conquered Persia again and would have been known as Alexander II :-)
    4
  1610. Were Parthians Sycthian origin?
    4
  1611. Become the imaginary “byzantine empire” 😅
    4
  1612.  Letnistonwandif your ancestors were nobodies of history before 1500s🤣🤣🤣
    4
  1613. A similar view was held by the 11th century Arab historian Sa'ed Al-Andalusi. In his book "Category of the nations" he said the following about the Turks: "And their virtue which they skilled in is warfare and its means/tools, they are the best nation when it comes to chivalry, archery and swordsmanship" In another part of the book he says that the Chinese used to refer to the king of the Turks as "The king of the lions".
    4
  1614. Cringe Empire
    4
  1615. 😎😏
    4
  1616. Huge eyed bros 👁️👄👁️
    4
  1617. Eastern Roman Empire not Byzantine*
    4
  1618. The video is very nice but it would be better if you used the word Iran instead of Persia. Otherwise, there may be a false perception that every state that governs Iran is a Persian state.
    4
  1619. Great video like always 👍
    4
  1620.  @Letnistonwandif  Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
    4
  1621. Iran’s contribution to mankind be like
    4
  1622. İran da bizde olurdu ya,tabii çalarlardı iranlılar yine wikipedia da🤣🤣
    4
  1623. The DORUK Wikipedia eskiden Türk fatihi diyordu 2013 de :((( kimin neresine battı ya
    4
  1624. Biz hariç herkes
    4
  1625. Based Murad II the Great 🌝
    4
  1626. Brave and calm wins
    4
  1627.  @centralasia186  N1 doesn’t mean only Uralic
    4
  1628. Uralic is very large concept compare to Turkic or Mongolic. Uralic is like Altaic and Finnic is like Turkic. Uralic speakers can’t even understand each other. Uralic is 7 ethno-linguistic groups not only one.
    4
  1629. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, shaping the history of Balkans, Islamization of Northern India, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
    4
  1630. Troller yükleniyor...
    4
  1631. KAREN ARM Urartians are neither kurd or armenian,they are caucasian(non indo european) peoples Probably chechens
    4
  1632. Colonial Empires😐
    4
  1633. Turkic tribes from Mongolia. Also many of so call Mongol tribes of Genghis Khan were of Turkic origin.
    4
  1634. kurds have no history Lol🤣🤣😂😂
    4
  1635. Google from Turkey
    4
  1636. No amount of reason will shake modern Greek faith in the Hellenic ethnicity of the ancient Macedonians and their kings. It is more than a political prefer ence: many Greeks see it as a necessity, despite the inconclusive ancient evidence on the nationality of the Macedonians. But recent scholarship has begun to provide a response to old Greek arguments. There is an insufficient amount of evidence-the existence of Greek inscriptions in the kingdom of the Macedonians notwithstand ing-to know what the native language or dialect was. E.g., several dialects of Greek were used in ancient Macedonia, but what was the Macedonian dialect? The evidence of ancient writers suggests that Greek and Macedonian were mutually unintelligible languages in the court of Alexander the Great. Moreover, if contemporary or his torical opinion from antiquity means anything, the ancient world from the fourth century B.C. into the early Hellenistic period-roughly the age of Philip and Alexan der-believed that the Greeks and Macedonians were different peoples. None of which, incidentally, denies that the Macedonians, at least in their court and gentry, were quite highly hellenized, as recent archaeology has clearly shown. See E. Badian, "Greeks and Macedonians," Macedonia and Greece in Late Classical and Early Hellenis tic Times, Studies in the History of Art 10, ed. B. Barr-Sharrar and E. N. Borza (Wash ington, D.C., 1982). 33-51: Eugene N. Borza, In the Shadow of Olympus: The Emergence of Macedon, rev. ed. (Princeton, 1992), ch. 4 and pp. 305-6; id., "Athenians, Mace donians, and the Origins of the Macedonian Royal House," in Studies in Attic Epigra phy, History, and Topography Presented to Eugene Vanderpool, Hesperia suppl. 19 (1982). 713: id., "Ethnicity and Cultural Policy at Alexander's Court." AncW 23 (1992): 1999. The eye expanded. Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press, p.263.
    4
  1637.  @NickStrife  Saying eastern Romans were Greeks is completely bs and misinterpretation, it equals to saying Pontus Empire, Kushan Empire, Sultanate of Rum were also Hellenic empires or Chinggisid Empire, Chagatai Khanate and Ilkhanates were Turkic empires…
    4
  1638.  @Abitous  You got ruled by others all the time😅
    4
  1639.  @Abitous  Hellenic people and history are jokes ;)
    4
  1640.  @Abitous  Ethnic Greeks don’t existing in Crete lol😹 do you mean Hellenized Minoans?
    4
  1641.  @Ghanfort  The traumatic element of Greek national identity is reinforced in memories of Ottoman rule known as the 'Turkish yoke'. HALIKIOPOULOU, D., 2019. PATTERNS OF SECULARIZATION. [Place of publication not identified]: ROUTLEDGE.
    4
  1642.  @Universal..  bro according to you the entire world is Albanian or half Albanian😂
    4
  1643.  @turkcukayi  sağlam kapak :-)
    4
  1644. Nice
    4
  1645. Can you understand Altai and Uzbek too👀
    4
  1646. Gaddar Selim😎
    4
  1647. 🤣🤣🤣
    4
  1648.  @YoreHistory  The History of Central Asia The Age of Decline and Revival by Christoph Baumer, p.95
    4
  1649.  @saxtonhalegaming  🐸
    4
  1650. Fun Fact: At the past, Turkic peoples like Bulgars, Khazars, Pechenegs, Avars, Huns, Onogurs, Utigurs, Sabirs, Saragurs, Kutrigurs, Kipchaks, Cumans, Tatars, Ottomans etc. were fighting with each other for Ukraine. But now, Slavic peoples are fighting for it👀
    4
  1651. Qajar Empire
    4
  1652. My favorite Tamgas are Hephthalite ones 🌝
    4
  1653. Kosovo is Turkia 🐦
    4
  1654. Khalaj
    4
  1655. Make a video about Hayreddin Barbarossa🌝
    4
  1656. 🤨
    4
  1657.  @Bolghar_wolf  There is no such thing as Volga Bulgarians 🤣🤣🤣 Do you mean BULGARs You ask us also in your epistle: "Of what people, of what family, and of what tribe are you?" Know that we are descended from Japheth, through his son Togarmah. [In Jewish literature Togarmah is the father of all the Turks.] I have found in the genealogical books of my ancestors that Togarmah had ten sons. These are their names: the eldest was Ujur, the second Tauris, the third Avar, the fourth Uauz, the fifth Bizal, the sixth Tarna, the seventh Khazar, the eighth Janur, the ninth Bulgar, the tenth Sawir. [These are the mythical founders of tribes that once lived in the neighborhood of the Black and Caspian Seas.] I am a descendant of Khazar, the seventh son. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khazar_Correspondence#King_Joseph's_reply
    4
  1658. 🤨
    4
  1659. This visionary Sultan, who ascended to the Ottoman throne in 1451, left an indelible mark on the world with his military genius and his grand vision of a vast and powerful empire. Mehmed II was not only a conqueror but also a statesman, an architect, and a patron of the arts, whose achievements would shape the destiny of the Ottoman Empire.
    4
  1660. Knk dc ye bi baKsana
    4
  1661. I am waiting for Turkic langs part 2 👁️👁️
    4
  1662. The Hunnic language is an extinct language of theHuns. The records for this language are sparse. Classification Hunnic has been considered as related to the extinctBulgar and to present-day Chuvash in various schemesof genetic relationship. Today these languages areclassified, alongside with Khazar and Turkic Avar, asmembers of the Oghuric branch of the Turkic languagefamily. The suggestion that Hunnic was a Turkic languagearises from the identification of Hunnic names and otherHunnic lexical items as Turkic, some attested in thesurviving literary records, [Notably as documented in theworks of Maenchen-Helfen (1973), Pritsak (1982), Kemal (2002).] some recorded on artifacts recovered byarchaeologists. [The decipherment of the inscription onthe Khan Diggiz plate by Mukhamadiev (1995) revealsthe language to be West Hunnic.] The conclusion that Hunnic belongs to the Oghuricbranch of Turkic arises from the reasoning that theknown vocabulary shows the language to belong to the"r-" and "l-"type, as summarized by Johanson: "It isassumed that the Huns also were speakers of an "r-" and "l-"type Turkic language and that their migrationwas responsible for the appearance of this language inthe West." The "r-" and "l-" type language ("Lir"-Turkic) is nowdocumented only by Chuvash, the only subsistingmember of the Oghuric branch of Turkic. The rest of theTurkic languages (Common Turkic) are of the "z-" and"š-" type (also referred to as "Shaz"-Turkic). [Johanson(1998); cf. Johanson (2000, 2007) and the articlespertaining to the subject in Johanson & Csató (ed., 1998).]
    4
  1663. You ask us also in your epistle: "Of what people, of what family, and of what tribe are you?" Know that we are descended from Japheth, through his son Togarmah. [In Jewish literature Togarmah is the father of all the Turks.] I have found in the genealogical books of my ancestors that Togarmah had ten sons. These are their names: the eldest was Ujur, the second Tauris, the third Avar, the fourth Uauz, the fifth Bizal, the sixth Tarna, the seventh Khazar, the eighth Janur, the ninth Bulgar, the tenth Sawir. [These are the mythical founders of tribes that once lived in the neighborhood of the Black and Caspian Seas.] I am a descendant of Khazar, the seventh son. (Khazar Correspondance / King Joseph’s Reply) other option to discuss is a historical and cultural – but not linguistic – continuity; this would imply a language shift from the Mongolic-speaking Rourans to the Turkic-speaking Avars at some point of their history. In parallel, both disciplines suggest that at least some of the European Avars were of Eastern Asian ancestry, but neither linguistic nor genetic evidence provides sufficient support for a specific connection between the Avars and the Asian Rourans. Savelyev A, Jeong C (2020). Early nomads of the Eastern Steppe and their tentative connections in the West. Evolutionary Human Sciences 2, e20, 1–17. The 6th century historian Menandros Protektor states that the language spoken by the Avars is the same as that of the Huns. Assuming that language is one of the factors determining the origin, it can be argued that the Avars were a part of the Oghur Turks. [36] Turkic languages were spoken by the warrior *aristocracy of the Hunnic, Avar, and Bulgar khaganates, coexisting with the Indo-European tongue of their subjects. Oliver Nicholson, The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity, Oxford University Press, 2018, ISBN 0192562460, p. 200 They concluded that their exact origin is unknown but state that it is likely that the Avars were originally mainly composed of Turkic (Oghuric) tribes.[32] It is relevant to note that none of the Hungarian medieval sources know about Avars, presumably because they were not distinguished from the Huns [2], as many foreign medieval sources also identified Avars with the Huns [3]. Subsequent East-West migrations are connected to Göktürk, Kipchak and Mongolian groups, but these could have insignificant effect on the Conquerors as mostly arrived after the 10th century, moreover most Turkic loanwords in Hungarian originate from West Old Turkic [79], the Oghur Turkic branch associated with previous Turkic speaking groups as Onogurs, Bulgars, Khazars and maybe the Avars.
    4
  1664. Gittiler mi yani
    4
  1665. Pls make video about Turkic tribes
    4
  1666. Corsairs be like
    4
  1667. Big daddy Chinggis did some high quality demographic engineering in lower Central Asia, depopulating Persian speakers in favor of Turkic speakers, there truely are levels to this
    4
  1668. In Safavid Iran, tensions between Iranian bureau-crats and Turkic soldiery were well-known. Iran proper had been under Turkic rule , in one form or another , since Ghaznavid and Seljuk times . This tradition largely continued under the Afshar ( 1736-1796 ) and Qajar ( 1779-1925 ) dynasties . Johanson, L. and Bulut, C. (2006) Turkic-Iranian contact areas: Historical and linguistic aspects. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. p.32, 33
    4
  1669. German Rulers of Bulgaria
    4
  1670. G T Mongols didn’t existed at the time of Onogur Huns😂😂
    4
  1671. Tungusic Empire
    4
  1672. Turkish-Gagauz-Crimean Tatar-Azerbaijani are also dialects of the exact same language due to 90% mutual intelligibility. In fact, they are more similar than London-Yorkshire dialects.
    4
  1673. Crying Turkic noises
    4
  1674. Coward
    4
  1675. TRNC❤️❤️❤️ Seventh Turkic Republic
    4
  1676.  @FlashPointHx  -:)
    4
  1677. Throughout history; the Turks' political organization has developed in step with their military organization. Their hearts dedicated to soldiering, the Turks have proved to the world that their nation is an army.
    4
  1678. Osmanlı ve Venedikliler’e karşı savaşan Krokodeilos Kladas de bir Türkopol imiş :)
    4
  1679. In the classical Persian literary tradition – the entire vocabulary of which consists of stock phrases and images - "Turk' and 'Tajik' are stand-in terms for easily recognizable social stereotypes: one simple but violent; the other wily but civilized. Rūmi turns this on its head, however, in the following couplet: Attack upon attack came the darkness of night/Be strong like a Turk, not soft like a Tajik' (Yek hamleh va yek hamleh, āmad shab va tārīkī/chosti kon va "Torki' kon, na narmī va ‘Tājīkī'). Often ‘Turk' was also used to refer to the poet's beautiful young (unattainable) beloved, as in the following lines from Sa'di: 'Maybe they'll tell the King/"Your Turk (i.e., your Beloved) has spilled Tajik blood" (Shayad ke be padshah begüyand/Tork-e tö berikht khūn-e Tājīk), or elsewhere, 'Show your Tajik face, not Abyssinian black/That the Heavens may obliterate the face of the Turks' (Ru-ye Tājīkāna-t benmā, tā dagh-e habash/ Asman chehre-ye Torkān yaghma'i keshad). Since Turkic men often ‘married up’ and started families with Tajik women, the bloodlines tended to become increasingly mixed over the generations. (Recent DNA studies in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan have shown no notable genetic difference between modern Uzbeks and Tajiks.) And since children typically spent their first years within the harem, the influence of Tajik mothers in constructing the identity of their mixed-race children was surely much greater than is admitted in the patriarchal written sources of the time. Military figures in particular often made much of their tough Turkic heritage, even as they sought to demonstrate their own cultivation by speaking Persian and patronizing Persian courtly culture. The Tajik scribes, for their part, were naturally required to flatter their patrons, but they flattered themselves as well in whatever subtle ways they could. — Richard Foltz, Chapter 4, Tajiks and Turks, The Turk–Tajik symbiosis
    4
  1680. In the following centuries, a compilation of estimates indicates that Crimean Tatars seized about 1,750,000 Ukrainians, Poles and Russians from 1468 to 1695.137 Crimean export statistics indicate that around 10,000 slaves a year, Indian slaves were also sold in Bukhara and Astrakhan. At the same time, the Safavid Iranians were also sold as slaves, in particular after wars between the Uzbeks and Safavids. Enslavement of Iranians lasted until the mid-nineteenth century, when Russian and British sources spoke of some 10,000 Iranian slaves in Khiva and over 100,000 slaves in the Khivan, Bukharan and Turkmen territories.82 In the eighteenth century, at the markets of Bukhara, Khiva and After Oriental Despotism: Eurasian Growth in a Global Perspective pp.77 As a whole, we can estimate that there were about 200,000 Indian slaves in Bukhara, to which we may add other 200,000 Iranian slaves. After Oriental Despotism: Eurasian Growth in a Global Perspective pp.90
    4
  1681. Mahmud of Ghazni, Nader Shah, Babur Shah, Timur, Genghis Khan, Alexander the Great and many others conquered Afghanistan👀
    4
  1682. TÜRKİYE DOLDURMALIII
    4
  1683.  @truthdisseminator  Eastern Turks got Mongolized, Western Mongols got Turkified but Hazaras are Persianized Turco-Mongols.
    4
  1684. There are much Anti-Turkism in the comment section😅 what an inferiority complex
    4
  1685. Based Turkic bros❤❤❤
    4
  1686.  @erigreca3297  In the European cartography of the fifteenth to eighteenth centuries, "Grecia" included Dalmatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, the coastal area of Asia Minor, Albania, and the Aegean islands (Karathanasis 1991, 9). For the Western audience in Germany, Austria, and Hungary, "Greek" (Greek Orthodox) was synonymous with Orthodoxy (Stoianovich 1960, 290). Regardless of their ethnic origins, most Greek Orthodox Balkan merchants of the eighteenth century spoke Greek and often assumed Greek names; they were referred to as "Greeks" in the sense that they were of the "Greek" religion. During the eighteenth century, the ge- ographic dispersion and the urban nature of the Greek ethnie in the Balkan peninsula transformed the "Greeks" into a Balkan urban class (Svoronos 1981, 58). Hence, the "Greeks" were not only the ethnic Greeks but generally included all the Orthodox merchants and peddlers, many of whom were Grecophone or Hellenized Vlachs, Serbs, or Orthodox Albanians. Roudometof, V. (2001) Nationalism, globalization, and orthodoxy: The social origins of ethnic conflict in the Balkans. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. p.54
    4
  1687. A very very very short introduction (4 hours)
    4
  1688. Dream a Christian Ottoman state in a parallel universe. What would the world be like then?
    4
  1689. It is not affirm an iranic origin kid https://www.google.com.tr/amp/s/www.worldatlas.com/amp/articles/countries-with-the-tallest-average-heights.html Why your country is not here lol
    4
  1690. Turks are bigger than you kid😂😂🤣 https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Average_human_height_by_country Netherlands 182 Germany 178 Turkey 174 Iran 170 😂😂😂
    4
  1691. NativLang Turkic languages pls
    4
  1692. Turkish subtitle pls
    4
  1693.  @nenenindonu  based
    4
  1694. 2:30 😢
    4
  1695. Yes from 🇹🇷
    4
  1696. Great topic
    4
  1697. Fun Fact: At the past, Turkic peoples like Bulgars, Khazars, Pechenegs, Avars, Huns, Onogurs, Utigurs, Sabirs, Saragurs, Kutrigurs, Kipchaks, Cumans, Tatars, Ottomans etc. were fighting with each other for Ukraine. But now, Slavic peoples are fighting for it👀
    4
  1698. Rums are undoubtedly not Hellenic peoples of course. Their ethnicity has nothing to with Hellenes.
    4
  1699.  @MocheBenMaimon  crimean greeks speak Kipchak
    4
  1700.  @Teapoid  Urum is not a Turco-Hellenic creole language, it is directly remnant of Golden Horde’s official language Kipchak.
    4
  1701.  @GreaterAfghanistanMovement  Hephthalites and Ghaznavids were not Turkic?😂😂
    4
  1702.  @Kingzombiemyanmar  hyperpower
    4
  1703.  @cruelty5780  your proof is your a..hole😂😂😂
    4
  1704.  @skullsforerlikkhansthrone9306  🤣🤣🤣 bulgarian kids trying to change history🤣🤣😂😂
    4
  1705.  @sabrina1380m  he was a Khalaj Turk
    4
  1706. 🐸
    4
  1707. I am single child :-) from 🇹🇷
    4
  1708. Al-Jahiz is not the only medieval writer who viewed the Turks as the best soldiers. Nizam al-Mulk (the great Seljuk vizier) and Qay Qavus Ibn Iskandar (one of the last rulers of the North Iranian Ziyarid dynasty) both authored works of Persian advice literature or mirrors for princes, predating Machiavelli’s writing by about six centuries. Both of these authors extol the martial virtues of the Turks, stating that no group or race is more courageous, loyal, or skilled at war. They argue that a portion of the army must be composed of them, stating that thousands of young Turks must be recruited and trained in the ruler’s palace and promoted based on merit.
    4
  1709. When Temüjin was a boy, the center of the steppe world was the Orkhon Valley, the old imperial site of the Türks. The valley was dominated by the Kereit. To the west, on the upper Irtysh River, lay Naiman territory. The Kereit and Naiman, not the Mongols, were masters of the steppeThe Kereit and Naiman elites spoke Turkic and had partially converted to Christianity under the influence of the Nestorian Church. In an effort to outdo each other, To'oril of the Kereit and Tayang Qan of the Naiman accumulated men, weapons, alliances, and prestige. Yesügei Ba'atur sided with the Kereit. Later Chinggis Khan would subdue the Kereit and the Naiman in the course of a protracted effort to defeat all challengers among the steppe peoples. The Horde How the Mongols Changed the World Marie Favereau, p.32-33
    4
  1710. :0
    4
  1711. Germany and Turkey
    4
  1712. 😭
    4
  1713. Once upon a time, my English teacher was a Kabyle from Algeria🥲
    4
  1714.  @overpredor3412  Xiongnu nun Türkçe konuştuğu Moğolca konuşmadığı gayet açık moğollar zaten tarih hırsızlığı yapmaya çok meyilli
    4
  1715. Sad Muslim noises
    4
  1716. Turks were ruling the world from Manchuria to Balkans when Hellenes were under the rule of Armenian Roman dynasties😂
    4
  1717.  @simko28  your baseless statements have no difference from Afro-Centric ones :)
    4
  1718.  @uguryzg  🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓Reza Shah Pahlavi of Iran (who spoke South Azerbaijani) met with Mustafa Kemal Atatürk of Turkey (who spoke Turkish) in 1934; the two were filmed speaking their respective language to each other and communicated effectively.[44][45]
    4
  1719. EN ÜSTE ÇIKMIŞIM LAAA
    4
  1720. Chad Romans vs Virgin Parthians
    4
  1721. Wasn’t Tigranes the Great Armenian?
    4
  1722. Germany and Turkey
    4
  1723. The Achaemenids and Sassanids got destroyed by a Hellenic and Arabic tribe respectively Parthians had their capital countless times sacked by Romans and post Islamic Persia was basically a playground for Arabs, Turks, and Mongols as we all know
    4
  1724. It would be wrong to say largely, historical Uyghurs who established Uyghur Khaganate were more numerous than Tokharian peoples. In addition, the Tocharian peoples generally became Persianized and took the name Tajik. Tajik was the general name for the non-Turkic and non-Semitic peoples of Central Asia, regardless of which language was spoken.
    4
  1725. The Turks were considered as the best warriors due to their horsemanship and skill in archery. Kaushik Roy., n.d. Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400-1750: Cavalry, Guns, Government and Ships (Bloomsbury Studies in Military History). p.24.
    4
  1726. The Egyptian Pharaonic King Thx brother
    4
  1727. There are more than 50 language families in Papua 💀💀💀
    4
  1728. Mission Very Impossible😭
    4
  1729. Greeks were sx slaves of Romans and Ottomans🤣
    4
  1730.  @uguryzg  The 2005 edition of Güncel Türkçe Sözlük, the official dictionary of the Turkish language published by Turkish Language Association, contains 104,481 words, of which about 86% are Turkish and 14% are of foreign origin.[1] Among the most significant foreign contributors to Turkish vocabulary are Arabic, French, Persian, Italian, English and Greek.[2]
    4
  1731. Yeah. Nader's identity was based on Oghuz Turkic one, not Persian. Even Iranica Online says that.
    4
  1732.  wratch-gd2jq Biggest Hazara tribe Turkmani has Oghuz Turkic root
    4
  1733. Area under the Golden Horde rule got pretty much Turkified❤❤❤
    4
  1734. Germanic Kievan Rus vs Turkic Khazar
    4
  1735. 🇹🇷
    4
  1736. Too many Turkish states🌝
    4
  1737.  @strider8662  Average Turk has 35% Medieval Turkic dna which means they are ethnically Turkic. If not, by this logic Anglos and Austrians are not Germanic peoples.
    4
  1738. Many Georgians count Mingrelians, Lazes and Svans as Georgian subgroups despite that Georgian being mutually unintelligible with them.
    4
  1739. The ancient Hellenes were conquered by the Romans . Emperor Justinian destroyed the last vestiges of Hellenic civilisation , and state Christianity created a new civilisation on the ruins of the old . Koliopoulos, G. and Veremēs, T., 2007. Greece: the modern sequel. London: Hurst & Company, p.242.
    4
  1740.  @paulsh2071  source trustmebro😂😂😂
    4
  1741. Good video as always
    4
  1742. Mughals😍😍😍
    4
  1743. Hellenic states of the Seleucids, Macedonia, Achaean League, Aetolian League, Kingdom of Pergamon, Ptolemaics etc. all got destroyed by Roman Empire which resulted as ending of Hellenistic era and post Roman Greece was basically a playground for Romans, Turks, Slavs, Albanians, Thracians, Illyrians, Armenians, Italians and Germanic peoples as we all know Hellenic rule in Greece broadly ended with the Roman conquest of Greece resulting with a dominant Roman, Turkic, and Germanic rule whereas only 3 short lived Hellenic dynasties, Komnenids, Angelids and Laskarids, managed to rule Grece Foreign rule in Greece; Achaemenid dynasty (Iranic) Nerva–Antonine dynasty (Italic) Severan dynasty (Punic) Gordian dynasty (Celtic) Decian dynasty (Illyrian) Valerian dynasty (Italic) Caran dynasty (Illyrian) Constaninian dynasty (Illyrian) Valentinian dynasty (Illyrian) Theodosian dynasty (Hispanian) Leonid dynasty (Thracian) Justinian dynasty (Illyrian) Heraclian dynasty (Armenian) Isaurian dynasty (Armenian) Nikephorian dynasty (Arabic) Dulo dynasty (Turkic) Krum’s dynasty (Turkic) Amorian dynasty (Jewish) Macedonian dynasty (Armenian) Phokas dynasty (Armenian) Doukid dynasty (most likely Armenian) Diogenes dynasty (most likely Armenian) Principality of Arbanon (Albanian) Principality of Valona (Slavized Turkic) Duchy of the Archipelago (Italian) Kingdom of Cyprus (Germanic) Kingdom of Thessalonica (Germanic) Empire of Thessalonica (most likely Armenian) Latin Empire (Germanic) Asenid dynasty (Slavized Turkic) Duchy of Athens (French) Duchy of Neopatras (Spanish) Marquisate of Bodonitsa (Germanic) Lordship of Argos and Nauplia (Germanic) Lordship of Salona (Germanic) Lordship of Chios (Italian) Knights Hospitaller of Rhodes (Germanic) Principality of Achaea (French) Palaiologos dynasty (most likely Italic) Nemanjic dynasty (Slavic) Despotate of Arta (Albanian) Despotate of Ioannia (Albanian) League of Lezhe (Albanian) Vojivonic dynasty (Slavic) Venetian dominions in Greece (Italian) Principality of Lesbos (Italian) Kingdom of Candia (Italian) Kingdom of Ioanian Islands (Italian) Kingdom of the Morea (Italian) Triarchy of Negroponte (French) Ottoman dynasty (Turkic) Pashalik of Berat (Albanian) Pashalik of Yanina (Albanian) Pashalik of Scutari (Albanian) Septinsular Republic (Italian) House of Wittelsbach (Germanic) United States of the Ionian Islands (Germanic) Principality of Samos (Slavic)
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  1744. Murad iv is very carismatic :0
    4
  1745. Best empire in history
    4
  1746. They didn’t have 100000 men
    4
  1747. Interesting topic 👍
    4
  1748. Kassits,Kushans and many more are not iranian
    4
  1749. Albabia from Turey
    4
  1750.  @theawesomeman9821  There is no such thing as Latin or Greek Romans. Those were their languages not ethnicities or identities.
    4
  1751. Oldest region in the world (Uruk-Iraq)
    4
  1752. Tatars are real Bulgars not fake bulgars like bulgarians🤣🤣🤣
    4
  1753. Qajar was Turkic empire not Persian
    4
  1754. OTTOMAN❤️
    4
  1755. ”Fifty thousand Persians in full armour and riding at full gallop could not buckle and route a single Minggan (thousand) of Turks” - Al Maqrizi
    4
  1756. I think they are different as much as Danish and Swedish
    4
  1757. Greeks of Cyprus were nobody in history they were almost ALWAYS under the foreign rule
    4
  1758. Amarığa
    4
  1759. Hungary from Turkey
    4
  1760. Great video sir 👍
    4
  1761. The noblest of these nations that were not interested in science are the Chinese and the Turks. The Chinese are the largest of the peoples by number, the most imposing by kingdom, and the most considerable by territory. The domains they occupy are in the eastern parts of the inhabited world, between the equinoctial line to the extreme of the seven climates to the north. His share in knowledge (ma'rifa) is to surpass all nations in mastery of handicrafts and perfection of graphic arts. They are the most suffered of men in the prolonged effort, which the improvement of the works [supposes], as well as in enduring the harshness of the penalties in the perfection of the arts (sana'i"). As for the Turks, [they] also form a great nation with numerous troops and an imposing kingdom. The domains they inhabit are found between the eastern regions of Juräsän, [on the side] of the Islamic empire, the western regions of China, northern India, and the extreme north of the inhabited world. Their virtue is that they stand out and achieve supremacy in doing war, as well as in the elaboration of weapons; for they are the most skilful of men in horsemanship and [warfare] tactics, and the keenest of eyes for spearing, striking with the sword, and shooting arrows. Ahmad, A.S. ibn and Salgado, M.F. (1999) Libro de las categorías de las naciones: Vislumbres desde el islam clásico sobre la filosofía y la ciencia. Tres cantos: Akal., p.43
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  1762.  @andriusgimbutas3723  Both were non-Slavic in origin :)
    4
  1763. No but Timur claimed borjigin ancestry for his political aims
    4
  1764. IMO calling the Ottoman Empire "Third Rome" or "Continuation of Byzantine Empire" is Eurocentrist. It's pretty much denying the Turks their historic reality of creating an Empire and implying that "only Europeans could have created that empire anyway. Turks couldn't have." "But Ottomans used Caesar as a title!" A secondary title. Ottomans used myriads of titles. Their top 3 main titles were Sultan, Padishah and Khagan. Arabic, Persian and Turkic in order. These peoples had nothing to do with Romans. "But some Ottoman sultans had Roman heritage!" They couldn't care less about it. They traced their heritage back to a mythological version of a Xiongnu Chanyu (Oghuz Khagan) rather than to Augustus or Caesar. Which is uniquely a Turkmen tradition rather than Roman. "But Ottomans adopted some Roman traditions such as population control!" British Raj literally continued the Caste system rather than abolishing it. Doesn't make the British Empire an "Indian Empire". My take on the Ottoman Empire is that it is an Empire that incorporated Turkic, European and West Asian features into it. But at its core, the Ottoman Empire was a Turkic Empire. Had its core been a person he'd have been a steppe nomad in Western Anatolia. Not a Roman in a toga.
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  1765. Davis (2008:39) translates Ouyang Xiu's statement "當是時，西突厥有鐵勒，延陀、阿史那之類為最大" into "Among the Tie'le tribes of Western Tujue, at the time, the Yantuo and Ashina were the largest subgroups".
    4
  1766. They also found some Crusader states
    4
  1767. Eastern Roman Empire
    4
  1768. Baibars🌝❤️
    4
  1769.  @Hugh_Morris  THROAT SINGING
    4
  1770.  @Hugh_Morris  Mongol Empire itself destroyed more than 10 Turkic states from Naiman Khanate to Volga Bulgaria, from Cumania to Khwarezmia…
    4
  1771. @Sheen 🤣🤣🤣🐵🐵🐵
    4
  1772. Turkic peoples ruled Armenian peoples more than 1000 years😂
    4
  1773.  @Bolghar_wolf  Bulgarians didn’t exist before 850 AD kid Dulo was Turkic Bulgar origin not Slavic Bulgarian origin
    4
  1774. Tony Montana Xiongnu is Turk Imagehttps://books.google.com.tr › books The Harvard Dictionary of Music Willi Apel, Don Michael Randel · 2003 · Music The constant incursions in the Han's northern and northwestern frontiers by the Turkic nomads known as Xiongnu (the Huns) necessitated Han ... https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=02rFSecPhEsC&pg=PA261&lpg=PA261&dq=huns+turkic+harvard&source=bl&ots=Um90NHTjMK&sig=ACfU3U12VqC4BRu04gsQXZHWLZCl4O_36A&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiI0Z2EmO3mAhXwlIsKHb2KB8sQ6AEwBXoECAQQAQ#v=onepage&q=huns%20turkic%20harvard&f=false ^ Carter Vaughn Findley: The Turks in World History, Oxford University Press, 2004, p.29 ISBN 0195177266, 9780195177268 "It has been widely held that the Xiongnu, or at least their ruling clans, had or were acquiring a Turkic identity, or at least an Altaic one. [...]. By the end of the Xiongnu period, however, the Altaic peoples would be the ones most identified with the equestrian culture earlier developed among the Indo-European peoples of Inner Asia. Furthermore, the earliest clearly Turkic peoples appeared on the peripheries of the late Xiongnu Empire. [...] If not their ethnic progenitors, then, the Xiongnu had manifold ties to the later Turks." Imageasianhistory.oxfordre.com › acrefore Xiongnu - Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History The European Huns, who originated from the Xiongnu Empire, are known to have spoken primarily a Turkic language, more specifically ... Recent genetics research in 2003[4] confirmed the studies[5] indicating that the Turkic peoples,[6] originated from the same area and therefore are possibly related. The earliest separate Turkic peoples appeared on the peripheries of the late Xiongnu confederation about 200 BCE[70] (contemporaneous with the Chinese Han Dynasty).[71] It has often been suggested that the Xiongnu, mentioned in Han Dynasty records, were Proto-Turkic speakers.[72][73][74][75][76] Although little is known for certain about the Xiongnu language(s), it seems likely that at least a considerable part of Xiongnu tribes spoke a Turkic language.[77] Some scholars believe they were probably a confederation of various ethnic and linguistic groups.[78][79] A genetic research in 2003, on skeletons from a 2000 year old Xiongnu necropolis in Mongolia, found individuals with similar DNA sequences as modern Turkic groups, supporting the view that at least parts of the Xiongu were of Turkic origin.[80] Learn history kiddo
    4
  1775. Fün föct
    4
  1776. Nevertheless, history tells that in Mongolia itself the Jenghiz-Khanites Mongolized many apparently Turkic tribes: the Naiman of the Altai, the Kerayit of the Gobi, and the Ongiit of Chahar. Before the unification under Jenghiz Khan which brought all these tribes under the banner of the Blue Mongols, part of present-day Mongolia was Turkic; indeed, even now a Turkic people, the Yakut, occupy northeastern Siberia, north of the Tungus, in the Lena, Indigirka, and Kolyma basins.
    4
  1777. The Azerbaijanis derive in part from a heritage of Turkic rule over Iran, during most of the past 1,000 years. Iran adopted the Shi'a version of Islam under the rule of the Safavid Azerbaijani Turks beginning in 1500. The Turkic Qajar Dynasty (1779–1924) controlled all of present-day Iran and extensive territory in the Caucasus and Central Asia. When Colonel Reza Khan Pahlavi overthrew the Qajars, he promoted Persian language, culture, and identity at the expense of Azeri Turkish. Zartman, J.K. (2020) Conflict in the modern middle east: An encyclopedia of Civil War, Revolutions, and regime change. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. p.136
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  1778. In contrast to those Iranian officials who claim that the Turks in Iran were actually originally Persians, the late IRGC Commander Qassem Suleimani claimed that the descendants of Turkic dynasties that live in Iran are not Iranian. Suleimani claimed: "Turks are aliens and non-Iranians. For hundreds of years (during Turkic rule in Iran), Iran had no history. Non- Iranians like the Seljuks invaded and ruled Iran."74 Shaffer, B. (2023) Iran is more than persia: Ethnic politics in Iran. Berlin: De Gruyter.
    4
  1779. 🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓
    4
  1780. Naimans were oldest Turks who converted Nasturian Christianity
    4
  1781. Atatürk was of Yörük origin
    4
  1782. Sad Central Powers noises
    4
  1783. Kurdish languages are not even mutually intelligible but they want to unite Lol😂
    4
  1784. 🤨
    4
  1785. Latinler iyi yağmalamış 😅
    4
  1786. The area to the right of the Durub, between them and the Mediterranean, comprises the Byzantine territory (Anatolia). At this time, it belongs to the Turkomans and is ruled by Ibn Uthman (the Ottomans).155 On the shore of the Mediterranean there, are Antalya and al--'Alaya. The whole eighth section of the fifth zone contains desert plains where the Ghuzz, a Turkish nation, roam. In the southwest is Lake Aral, into which the Oxus flows. Its circumference is three hundred miles. Many rivers flow into it from these desert plains. In the northeast is the Lake of Ghurghun,186 a fresh-water lake. THE MUQADDIMAH Abd Ar Rahman bin Muhammed ibn Khaldun Translated by Franz Rosenthal
    4
  1787. 2 hours video :0
    4
  1788. It is generally accepted that Huns being Oghur Turkic just like Sabirs, Bulgars, Tiele, Yueban, Onogurs, Utigurs, Kutrigurs etc. There is plenty of evidence even wikipedia says Kidarite/Hephthalites were most likely Turkic and of course therefore Huns/Xiongnu were also Turkic due to being same people :-)
    4
  1789. Greek army is joke compare Turkish army
    4
  1790. Tuvan songs😍
    4
  1791. Yep. Especially Osman Gazi period.
    4
  1792. Nader Shah also
    4
  1793. 😍😍😍
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  1794. Ekhkej Baatur As the number of evidence of linguistic, ethnographic and socio-political nature show that Bulgars belonged to the group of Turkic peoples.[36][24][26][30] The Bulgars (also Bolgars or proto-Bulgarians[40]) were a semi-nomadic people of Turkic descent, originally from Central Asia, who from the 2nd century onwards dwelled in the steppes north of the Caucasus and around the banks of river Volga (then Itil). https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria Bulgars (< Turkic bulgha- ‘to mix, stir up, disturb’, i.e. ‘rebels’) A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian-Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiongnu (late 3rd cent. ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-820 Many Slavic tribes lived within the boundaries of the state, together with the proto-Bulgarians, a tribe of Turkic origin that had settled in the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 7th century. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boris-I The Bulgars were a Turkic tribal confederation that gave rise to the Balkan Bulgar and Volga Bulgar states.The ethynonym derives from the Turkish bulgha-,”to stir,mix,disturb,confuse.” https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=c788wWR_bLwC&pg=PA354&redir_esc=y&hl=tr#v=onepage&q=Bulgars&f=false (Harvard University Press) The Volga Bulgars, a Turkish tribe then living on the east bank of the Volga River, ... the laws of Islam to the Bulgars, who had recently converted to the religion. http://www.bookrags.com/research/ahmad-ibn-fadlan-ued/#gsc.tab=0 Eastern Bulgars , Bulgars Ancient Turkic people originating in the region n and e of the Black Sea. https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/balkan-states Volga Bulgaria was a northeastern European Turkic state that formed during the 9th century and continued into the first four decades of the 13th century. https://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe009 https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopedia-of-slavic-languages-and-linguistics-online/*-COM_031941 https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-Bulgar+languages https://xn--80ad7bbk5c.xn--p1ai/en/content/brief-history-suvar-bulgars http://bulgarizdat.ru/index.php/book1/article1-1 Bulgars, Eastern bŭl´gärz, –gərz [key], Turkic-speaking people, who possessed a powerful state (10th–14th cent.) at the confluence of the Volga and the Kama, E European Russia. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. Cambridge University Press https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=Ylz4fe7757cC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=proto+bulgars&source=bl&ots=vvGsuu2J3g&sig=ACfU3U2YuPKKdgVQKhoUi2fyDiC99n4N_Q&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiRqIaDlNvmAhWM-yoKHW38DDI4FBDoATAAegQIBRAB#v=onepage&q=proto%20bulgars&f=false
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  1795.  @mariano98ify  hahahaha
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  1796. The noblest of these nations that were not interested in science are the Chinese and the Turks. The Chinese are the largest of the peoples by number, the most imposing by kingdom, and the most considerable by territory. The domains they occupy are in the eastern parts of the inhabited world, between the equinoctial line to the extreme of the seven climates to the north. His share in knowledge (ma'rifa) is to surpass all nations in mastery of handicrafts and perfection of graphic arts. They are the most suffered of men in the prolonged effort, which the improvement of the works [supposes], as well as in enduring the harshness of the penalties in the perfection of the arts (sana'i"). As for the Turks, [they] also form a great nation with numerous troops and an imposing kingdom. The domains they inhabit are found between the eastern regions of Juräsän, [on the side] of the Islamic empire, the western regions of China, northern India, and the extreme north of the inhabited world. Their virtue is that they stand out and achieve supremacy in doing war, as well as in the elaboration of weapons; for they are the most skilful of men in horsemanship and [warfare] tactics, and the keenest of eyes for spearing, striking with the sword, and shooting arrows. Ahmad, A.S. ibn and Salgado, M.F. (1999) Libro de las categorías de las naciones: Vislumbres desde el islam clásico sobre la filosofía y la ciencia. Tres cantos: Akal., p.43
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  1797.  @demetriusstiakkogiannakes1326  Romans of Armenian origin ruled weak Hellenic peoples🤣
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  1798.  @demetriusstiakkogiannakes1326  by your logic Yuan Empire was Sinitic Empire not Mongolic🤣🤣🤣🤣😅😅
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  1799. The whole of Greece was under foreign rule for many centuries,starting with the Roman conquest in the second century BC. What distinguishes the Ionian Islands from the rest of Greece is that, with some exceptions, they did not form part of the Ottoman Empire, while the rest of the Greek world was under Ottoman rule for anything between two hundred and five hundred years. The fact that these islands were ruled by Catholics rather than Muslims has made them strikingly different from the rest of Greece, in language, music, costume, cuisine and architecture. Hirst, A. and Sammon, P., 2014. The Ionian Islands. p.2.
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  1800. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire. The Turks were considered as the best warriors due to their horsemanship and skill in archery. Kaushik Roy., n.d. Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400-1750: Cavalry, Guns, Government and Ships (Bloomsbury Studies in Military History). p.24. The Turks too , the great warriors of the steppes , were almost haughty in the assumption that they inherited the jihad fighting spirit of the tradition and carried it half - way into Europe . Turko-Persia in Historical Perspective p.94 The Seljukian Turks had had some great warriors ; the period of their power was during the eleventh and twelfth centuries ; they had taken the place of the Arabs as the great Moslem power of the east , though an Arab caliph still nominally reigned at Baghdad . The Divine Aspect of History Volume 2 p.324 In the west the Seljuq invasion of Asia Minor began the process which was to make it the modern land of the Turks and the base from which the greatest Islamic empire of the past 600 years would expand into southeast Europe . MacEachern, S., 2010. The new cultural atlas of the Islamic world. p.32. THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot." Halman, T. and Warner, J., 2007. Rapture and revolution. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, Crescent Hill Publications, p.9. During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries , understanding the Turks ' military organization , given the credit for the greatest empire since antiquity , became a major European preoccupation . Speake, J., n.d. Literature of travel and exploration. p.891. By the middle of the 16th century, the Turks arguably possessed the greatest empire in the world. A History of the Middle East Paperback – March 15, 2006 by Saul S. Friedman (Author) p.181
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  1801. Xiongnu is Turk Imagehttps://books.google.com.tr › books The Harvard Dictionary of Music Willi Apel, Don Michael Randel · 2003 · Music The constant incursions in the Han's northern and northwestern frontiers by the Turkic nomads known as Xiongnu (the Huns) necessitated Han ... https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=02rFSecPhEsC&pg=PA261&lpg=PA261&dq=huns+turkic+harvard&source=bl&ots=Um90NHTjMK&sig=ACfU3U12VqC4BRu04gsQXZHWLZCl4O_36A&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiI0Z2EmO3mAhXwlIsKHb2KB8sQ6AEwBXoECAQQAQ#v=onepage&q=huns%20turkic%20harvard&f=false ^ Carter Vaughn Findley: The Turks in World History, Oxford University Press, 2004, p.29 ISBN 0195177266, 9780195177268 "It has been widely held that the Xiongnu, or at least their ruling clans, had or were acquiring a Turkic identity, or at least an Altaic one. [...]. By the end of the Xiongnu period, however, the Altaic peoples would be the ones most identified with the equestrian culture earlier developed among the Indo-European peoples of Inner Asia. Furthermore, the earliest clearly Turkic peoples appeared on the peripheries of the late Xiongnu Empire. [...] If not their ethnic progenitors, then, the Xiongnu had manifold ties to the later Turks." Imageasianhistory.oxfordre.com › acrefore Xiongnu - Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History The European Huns, who originated from the Xiongnu Empire, are known to have spoken primarily a Turkic language, more specifically ... Recent genetics research in 2003[4] confirmed the studies[5] indicating that the Turkic peoples,[6] originated from the same area and therefore are possibly related. The earliest separate Turkic peoples appeared on the peripheries of the late Xiongnu confederation about 200 BCE[70] (contemporaneous with the Chinese Han Dynasty).[71] It has often been suggested that the Xiongnu, mentioned in Han Dynasty records, were Proto-Turkic speakers.[72][73][74][75][76] Although little is known for certain about the Xiongnu language(s), it seems likely that at least a considerable part of Xiongnu tribes spoke a Turkic language.[77] Some scholars believe they were probably a confederation of various ethnic and linguistic groups.[78][79] A genetic research in 2003, on skeletons from a 2000 year old Xiongnu necropolis in Mongolia, found individuals with similar DNA sequences as modern Turkic groups, supporting the view that at least parts of the Xiongu were of Turkic origin.[80] Long live Xiongnu Empire he was the biggest empire in ancient times(9million km2)
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  1802. The Arabs themselves, divided and fragmented, were being increasingly challenged by Turkic steppe warriors who were militarily superior to the commercially minded urban populations of the region. The Arab-Muslim expansionary movement that had begun with Muhammad's first conquests in the early part of the seventh century, had proceeded with fits and starts before it came under pressure from external menaces and had started to wane by the tenth century. But, if conquest had all but ceased, Arabic culture and language was continuing to expand both east and south into sub-Saharan Africa. At the same time, Persian culture was making a comeback of sorts, while the Turks were rapidly gaining a steady foothold among the elite of the Arab armies. In time, this Turkish military presence would soon prove indispensable and it would logically translate into political power.
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  1803. As the number of evidence of linguistic, ethnographic and socio-political nature show that Bulgars belonged to the group of Turkic peoples.[36][24][26][30] The Bulgars (also Bolgars or proto-Bulgarians[40]) were a semi-nomadic people of Turkic descent, originally from Central Asia, who from the 2nd century onwards dwelled in the steppes north of the Caucasus and around the banks of river Volga (then Itil). https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria Bulgars (< Turkic bulgha- ‘to mix, stir up, disturb’, i.e. ‘rebels’) A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian-Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiongnu (late 3rd cent. ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-820 Many Slavic tribes lived within the boundaries of the state, together with the proto-Bulgarians, a tribe of Turkic origin that had settled in the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 7th century. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boris-I The Bulgars were a Turkic tribal confederation that gave rise to the Balkan Bulgar and Volga Bulgar states.The ethynonym derives from the Turkish bulgha-,”to stir,mix,disturb,confuse.” https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=c788wWR_bLwC&pg=PA354&redir_esc=y&hl=tr#v=onepage&q=Bulgars&f=false (Harvard University Press) The Volga Bulgars, a Turkish tribe then living on the east bank of the Volga River, ... the laws of Islam to the Bulgars, who had recently converted to the religion. http://www.bookrags.com/research/ahmad-ibn-fadlan-ued/#gsc.tab=0 Eastern Bulgars , Bulgars Ancient Turkic people originating in the region n and e of the Black Sea. https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/balkan-states Volga Bulgaria was a northeastern European Turkic state that formed during the 9th century and continued into the first four decades of the 13th century. https://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe009 https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopedia-of-slavic-languages-and-linguistics-online/*-COM_031941 https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-Bulgar+languages https://xn--80ad7bbk5c.xn--p1ai/en/content/brief-history-suvar-bulgars http://bulgarizdat.ru/index.php/book1/article1-1 Bulgars, Eastern bŭl´gärz, –gərz [key], Turkic-speaking people, who possessed a powerful state (10th–14th cent.) at the confluence of the Volga and the Kama, E European Russia. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. Cambridge University Press https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=Ylz4fe7757cC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=proto+bulgars&source=bl&ots=vvGsuu2J3g&sig=ACfU3U2YuPKKdgVQKhoUi2fyDiC99n4N_Q&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiRqIaDlNvmAhWM-yoKHW38DDI4FBDoATAAegQIBRAB#v=onepage&q=proto%20bulgars&f=false
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  1804. Öksökö Yaqubic sources can’t founded😂😂
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  1805. It was reinforced later on as the militarily superior Turkic dynasties of the Ghaznavids , the Great Seljuks and their successors came to rule much of the eastern and central Islamic lands . The poetic differentiation of the Turk signifies the extent to which this demographic constituent of the medieval Islamic world retained a distinct identity and image , even as it incorporated itself by degrees into the cultural , social and religious matrices of the Iranian and Arab lands .
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  1806. Turkey 🇹🇷
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  1807. Salah Al Din They were Persianate(Persian speaking) Turkish states not persianized like Ottomans spoke also arabic but you can’t say ottomans are arabized List of historical Persianate (or Persian-speaking) states/dynasties Based in Greater Iran Ghaznavids Great Seljuq Empire Khwarazmian dynasty Ilkhanate Timurid Empire Shirvanshah Safavid Empire Afsharid dynasty Zand dynasty Qajar dynasty Based in Asia Minor Sultanate of Rum Seljuk Empire Ottoman Empire Based in South Asia Delhi Sultanate Mamluk Sultanate (Delhi) Khalji dynasty Tughlaq dynasty Sayyid dynasty Lodi dynasty Bengal Sultanate Qutb Shahi dynasty (Golconda Sultanate) Mughal Empire Sur Empire Hyderabad
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  1808.  @xijinping937  khalji and tughlaq ruled south india
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  1809.  @xijinping937  Carnatic Sultanate was also Turkic Rowther origin which ruled south india
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  1810. 3 Italic 1 Germanic
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  1811.  @noahtylerpritchett2682  They never considered themselves (especially its founder) Persians, but the mistake Europeans made was to call any state that ruled Iran "persia". Even the name of the state "Qajar" is the name of a Turk tribe. Even Ilkhanates, a Mongol state, was wrongly referred to as Persia by Europeans.
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  1812. Hayreddin Barbarossa disliked it
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  1813. Angry Serb noises
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  1814. They were under the Turkic, Germanic and Baltic peoples in history
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  1815. I saw many based Turkic nomadic tribes on the map 😎
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  1816. Davis (2008:39) translates Ouyang Xiu's statement "當是時，西突厥有鐵勒，延陀、阿史那之類為最大" into "Among the Tie'le tribes of Western Tujue, at the time, the Yantuo and Ashina were the largest subgroups".
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  1817. Love Uzbekistan from Turkey 🇹🇷❤️🇺🇿
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  1818. Northern Wei Turks
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  1819. Weren’t Navarre Basque too? I heard that Jimenez dynasty was of Basque origin.
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  1820. Turkic Empire 😍
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  1821. Kypriaka
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  1822. Hungary from Turkey
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  1823. The Mughals (1526–1858) lost control of India in the 1700s, but many of the local rulers who replaced them were also Turks, at least until the British took over. Chase, K. (2003). Conclusion. In Firearms: A Global History to 1700 (pp. 197-210). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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  1824. They have taken enough land from Hungary, there is no need for another invasion :)
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  1825. People's awareness of Greek civilization and identity came away gravely damaged after the decline of the Byzantine Empire and Ottoman rule. “Hellene,” the appellation that defined the Greek people, had been abandoned: because Byzantium was part of the Roman Empire, the Greeks had taken to calling themselves Romans, Ῥωμαίοι. At the turn of the nineteenth century, as Ottoman rule waned and Greece regained a sense of its own identity, the language situation was, to put it mildly, paradoxical. The traditional written language had remained largely faithful to ancient Athenian-based Koine, yet it was so removed from the language then spoken that people no longer understood it. And there was no one cultural, political, or social identity strong enough to impose its language on the new Greek society. The only center to safeguard Greekness over the centuries had been the Church, which had done so by conserving ancient Koine. So, people looked to it to provide the revival of Hellenism with a common language. When the Greek War of Independence came to an end, the one way to recover a common outlook was to take a step back in time- two thousand years back. In fact, in its infancy, modern Greece established its identity by returning to its roots in Pericles' Athens of fifth century BC. Therefore, the written language that originated from Hellenistic Koine, which itself originated from the lonic-Attic dialect, gave Greece a united language that corresponded to their reacquired sense of national unity. Modern Greek pronunciation was achieved by keeping what was common to the majority of Hellenes and eliminating all local quirks. The vowel sounds of Koine remained intact, as did its written form. Modern Greek phonetics is the same as Hellenistic phonetics, though some consonants are pronounced differently. Although the grammatical forms that had disappeared thousands of years before, like aspect, dual number, the optative, and the dative, could not be resurrected, in many regards modern Greek remained ancient. The current language continues to draw a distinction between the present and aorist, retaining all of that distinction's semantic value, and still uses the accusative, nominative, genitive, and vocative cases (though the plural genitive is rarely used, and the nominative and vocative are often mixed up). Modern Greek made two surprising innovations. It got rid of infinitive verbs-a feature it shares with the languages of the Balkans-and invented a future tense by paraphrasing the verb "to want": "I will judge" is expressed as a кpivo, "I want to judge"-and therefore "will judge."
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  1826.  @aliazarmehralparslan6067  “The Indo-Iranic population contributed 10-20% to the DNA of modern Western Iranians, who are otherwise mostly descended from the ancient native farmers of the region, exhibiting around 70% genetic continuity since the Chalcolithic Age (4500 BC).” And these diaspoorsian 🐵 people call you assimilated
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  1827. mehrdad 576 You are arabic indian gyspy mix
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  1828.  @vangelisskia214  Tourkia (Greek: Τουρκία) may refer to: Turkey, a country in southeastern Europe and western Asia The name of Turkey in modern Greek The name of the Ottoman Empire in medieval and early modern Greek Tourkia (Khazaria) ("eastern Tourkia"), designation for the early medieval Khazar state in Byzantine sources Tourkia (Hungary) ("western Tourkia"), designation for the medieval Hungarian state in Byzantine sources
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  1829.  @vangelisskia214  Greece was created by Germanic peoples in 1832🤣🤣🤣
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  1830. We Turks should kick Erdoğan regime
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  1831. 😮
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  1832. Ülkemde Afgan istemiyorum !
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  1833. Turkey and Greece🤣🤣
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  1834. But Romans were not Italian and Macedonians were not Greek
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  1835. Bulgars are Turks(of Onogur tribe) according to historical sources and most specialist historians Mahmud al Kashgari/Diwan Lughat al Turk https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=apGfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA6&dq=divanu+lugatit+turk&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjmrbTj4ZLrAhXKRBUIHSn1C9EQ6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q=Bulgar&f=false You ask us also in your epistle: "Of what people, of what family, and of what tribe are you?" Know that we are descended from Japheth, through his son Togarmah. [In Jewish literature Togarmah is the father of all the Turks.] I have found in the genealogical books of my ancestors that Togarmah had ten sons. These are their names: the eldest was Ujur, the second Tauris, the third Avar, the fourth Uauz, the fifth Bizal, the sixth Tarna, the seventh Khazar, the eighth Janur, the ninth Bulgar, the tenth Sawir. [These are the mythical founders of tribes that once lived in the neighborhood of the Black and Caspian Seas.] I am a descendant of Khazar, the seventh son. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khazar_Correspondence#King_Joseph's_reply The Volga Bulgars, a Turkish tribe then living on the east bank of the Volga River, ... the laws of Islam to the Bulgars, who had recently converted to the religion. http://www.bookrags.com/research/ahmad-ibn-fadlan-ued/#gsc.tab=0 Ibn Fadlan served as the group's religious advisor, a crucial role: among the purposes of their mission was to explain Islamic Law to the recently converted Bulgar peoples, a Turkish tribe living on the eastern bank of the Volga River. (These were the Volga Bulgars; another group of Bulgars had moved westward in the sixth century, invading the country that today bears their name, and became Christians.) https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ahmad-ibn-fadlan Theophanes the Confessor called him "king of the Onogundur Huns".[5] Patriarch Nikephoros I(758–828) called Kubrat "lord of the Onuğundur"[6] and "ruler of the Onuğundur–Bulğars".[7] John of Nikiu (fl. 696) called him "chief of the Huns".[6] D. Hupchick identified Kubrat as "Onogur",[4] P. Golden as "Oğuro-Bulğar",[6] H. J. Kim as "Bulgar Hunnic/Hunnic Bulgar".[8] Bulgars (Turkic bulgha-'to mix, stir up, disturb', i.e. 'rebels') A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiungnu and subsequently by warfare between the Rouran/Avar and northern Wei states. in Oliver Nicholson, The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity, Oxford University Press, 2018, ISBN 0192562460, p. 271.. Old Great Bulgaria or Great Bulgaria (Byzantine Greek: Παλαιά Μεγάλη Βουλγαρία, Palaiá Megálē Voulgaría), also often known by the Latin names Magna Bulgaria[3] and Patria Onoguria ("Onogur land"),[4] was a 7th-century state formed by the Onogur Bulgars on the western Pontic-Caspian steppe (modern southern Ukraine and southwest Russia).[5] Great Bulgaria was originally centered between the Dniester and lower Volga. Later Byzantine scholars implied that the Bulgars had previously been known as the Onogurs (Onoğur). Agathon wrote about the "nation of Onogur Bulğars"],Nikephoros I stated that Kubrat was lord of the Onogundurs, Theophanes referred to them as Onogundur Bulgars and Constantine VII remarked that the Bulgars formerly called themselves Onogundurs. Variations of the name include Onoguri, Onoghuri, Onghur, Ongur, Onghuri, Onguri, Onogundur, Unogundur, and Unokundur. There are several theories about the origin of the name Onogur. In some Turkic languages on means "10" and ğur "arrow"; and "ten arrows" might imply a federation of ten tribes, i.e. the Western Turkic Khaganate. Within the Turkic languages, "z" sounds in the easternmost languages tend to have become "r" in the westernmost Turkic languages; therefore, the ethnonym Oghuz may be the source of Oghur; that is, on Oğur would mean "ten clans of Oghuz". Old Great Bulgaria (Magna Bulgaria[29]), also known as Onoghundur–Bulgars state, or Patria Onoguria in the Ravenna Cosmography.[30][31][20] Constantine VII (mid-10th century) remarked that the Bulgars formerly called themselves Onogundurs.[32] Both names are best explained as corresponding to Onogundur, an old name in Greek sources for the Bulgars. https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/khazars Nikephoros I stated that Kubrat was lord of the Onogundurs, Theophanes referred to them as Onogundur Bulgars and Constantine VIIremarked that the Bulgars formerly called themselves Onogundurs. Variations of the name include Onoguri, Onoghuri, Onghur, Ongur, Onghuri, Onguri, Onogundur, Unogundur, and Unokundur.
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  1836. Müq
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  1837.  @E001-f8g  mehh Existed for 70 years and couldn’t even conquer Constantinople with huge army
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  1838. The rulers of the empire had a reputation for being “lovers of Greek culture.” The Parthian emperors had a phrase written on their coins, which shows that they recognized, embraced and even politically promoted the diverse nature of their empire. The Emperor Phraates IV, who reigned from 38 to 2 BC, followed this general tendency. On his coins, the phrase was written: “Phraates IV, King of kings, lover of the Greeks.” The Persian Empire, which had been destroyed by Alexander the Great, would certainly not have minted coins with the words “lover of the Greeks.” share in power.
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  1839. Turkic and Jewish genealogical myths recorded by King Joseph and Sefer Yosippon identified Khazar as the "brother" of other Turkic tribes like the Bulgars and Sabirs (see below). Syriac legends said that the ancestor of the Khazars was named "Khazarig," the brother of "Bulgarios." Most scholars believe that these legends have a historical basis and that the Khazars were indeed closely related to Turkic tribes such as the Bulgars and Bashkirs.
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  1840. No respect
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  1841. He was Turk
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  1842.  @Nastya_07  The history of the Gaoju is given in the respective entry in WS 103 + (pp. 2505-2508); until the beginning of Text 1.056/B it is extracted as follows. 高車,蓋古赤狄之餘種也初號為狄歷,北方以為敕勒,諸夏以為高車、丁零。 其語略與匈奴同而時有小異,或云其先匈奴之也。 The Gaoju are probably the remaining tribes of the ancient Chidi [lit. 'the red Di']. Initially they were called Dili. People in the north called them Chile, whereas people in China proper called them Gaoju or Dingling. Their language is roughly the same as that of the Xiongnu but at times has minor differences from that. Some say that their ancestors were the nephew of [i.e. indirectly related to] the Xiongnu. Gaoju means Tiele, one of the oldest ancient Turkic tribes.
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  1843.  @Nastya_07 Kim’s this video is inaccurate since he says different in his books. The European Huns, who originated from the Xiongnu Empire, are known to have spoken primarily a Turkic language, more specifically Oghuric Turkic. 12 However, this may be due to the heavy concentration of Turkic peoples in the areas that the Huns inhabited immediately before their major expansions into Europe and Central Asia. Chinese historical source, the Weilue (= Sanguozhi 30.863-4), confirms that the Dingling (an ancient Turkic people) were the main inhabitants of what is now the Kazakh steppes by the 3rd century ce. Kim, H. The Xiongnu. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History. The various Oghurs (Utigurs and Kutrigurs) and the Bulgars, who are mentioned in our sources after the so-called 'total disappearance' of the Huns, as noted earlier, are likely to have been either the same people or at least members of the same, related political entity. Kim, H. (2013). The later Huns and the birth of Europe. In The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe (pp. 137-155). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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  1844.  @Nastya_07  This can be surmised by analysing the names of Hunnic princes and tribes. The names of the following Hunnic princes are clearly Oghuric Turkic in origin: Mundzuk (Attila’s father, from Turkic Muncˇuq = pearl/jewel; for an in-depth discussion of the Hunnic origin of this name in particular see Schramm (1969), 139–40), Oktar/Uptar (Attila’s uncle, Öktär = brave/powerful), Oebarsius (another of Attila’s paternal uncles, Aïbârs = leopard of the moon), Karaton (Hunnic supreme king before Ruga, Qarâton = black-cloak), Basik (Hunnic noble of royal blood, early fifth century, Bârsig˘ = governor), Kursik (Hunnic noble of royal blood, from either Kürsig˘ , meaning brave or noble, or Quršiq meaning beltbearer). For these etymologies see Bona (1991), 33. Three of Attila’s known sons 40 have probable Turkic names: Ellac, Dengizich, Hernak, and Attila’s princi­ pal wife, the mother of the ‘crown prince’ Ellac, has the Turkic name Here­ kan, as does another notable wife named Eskam. See Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 392–415. See also Bona (1991), 33–5, and Pritsak (1956), 414. Most known Hunnic tribal names are also Turkic, Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 427–41, e.g. Ultincur, Akatir etc. The cur suffix in many of these names is a well-known Turkic title and as Beckwith (1987), 209, points out the To-lu or Tardus tribes (Hunnic in origin) of the Western Turkish On Oq were each headed by a Cur (noble). Zieme (2006), 115, speculates that the title cur belongs to a pre-Turkic Tocharian stratum of the Turkic language, which, if true, again highlights the essential heterogeneity of Central Asian peoples and even languages. See also Aalto (1971), 35. In addition to this primary language (Oghuric Turkic), Priscus informs us that Latin and Gothic were also understood by the Hunnic elite. See Priscus, fr. 13.3, Blockley (1983), 289. Mclaughlin, Professors Hyun & Lieu, Rome and China: Points of Contact (Routledge, 2021)
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  1845. Cringe country
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  1846. lovelyartin The Turkish presence in Western Thrace started with the arrival of the Scythian Turks who came to the Balkans in the 2nd century BC together with the 'Western Branch' of migrants from Central Asia. https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=VpdXKpmaYLEC&printsec=frontcover&dq=a+modern+theory+of+language+evolution&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwisvcCdhrroAhWwk4sKHUxfBG8Q6AEIJTAA#v=onepage&q=Turkic&f=false .Contemporary populations linked to western Iron Age steppe people can be found among diverse ethnic groups in the Caucasus, Russia and Central Asia (spread across many Iranian and other Indo- European speaking groups), whereas populations with genetic similarities to eastern Scythian groups are found almost exclusively among Turkic language speakers (Supplementary Figs 10 and 11). https://reich.hms.harvard.edu/sites/reich.hms.harvard.edu/files/inline-files/ncomms14615_0.pdf Contemporary descendants of western Scythian groups are found among various groups in the Caucasus and Central Asia, while similarities to eastern Scythian are found to be more widespread, but almost exclusively among Turkic language speaking (formerly) nomadic groups, particularly from the Kipchak branch of Turkic languages (Supplementary Note 1). https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14615 Caucasus and Central Asia, while similarities to eastern Scythian are found to be more widespread, but almost exclusively among Turkic language speaking (formerly) nomadic groups, particularly from the Kipchak branch of Turkic languages (Supplementary Note 1). http://eurogenes.blogspot.com/2017/03/genetic-origins-and-legacy-of-scythians.html?m=1 Turkic tribes like Sakas, Kushanas, when they settled on India's borders and inside it also adopted ... https://www.cs.colostate.edu/~malaiya/turkish.html http://s155239215.onlinehome.us/turkic/27_Scythians/EthnicRootsEn.htm Both Kushans and Scythians were of Turki origin. (University of Sind) https://books.google.com.tr/books?hl=tr&id=q3FXAAAAMAAJ&dq=both+kushans+and+scythians+were+of+pakistan&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Turki The Sacae were a mixed people, probably a fusion of Iranian, Finnish, and Turkish— the antithesis of modern Hungarians. Exactly the same may be presumed about the Alans. The Chinese consider them as near relations of the Turks. (Harvard University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=tMdRefDs_G4C&q=sacae+finnic+harvard&dq=sacae+finnic+harvard&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjQpbS39L_pAhXhs4sKHSFTB0kQ6AEILjAB
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  1847. Sana veya sizin sayfaların hayallerine göre öyle olabilir,gerçeği değiştirmez https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Commagene 😂😂
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  1848. Ali Kurdish Wolff 🤣🤣🤣😂😂 Nuraddin Zengi defeated crusaders 7-8 times and he destroyed one of the crusader kingdoms first time call Duchy of Edessa
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  1849. Ali Kurdish Wolff How many times saladin got defeated by crusaders lmao🤣🤣 more than 6-7 times like Siege of Acre 1189
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  1850. Good as always
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  1851. Of all the peoples represented in the armies of Islam none would surpass in importance the Turks , destined to become the warrior race par excellence of the Muslim world .
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  1852.  @martiangirl6274  Turks are not white🤣 Turks are light copper skinned
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  1853. THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot."
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  1854.  @zarni000  Bulgars (< Turkic bulgha- 'to mix, stir up, disturb', i.e. 'rebels') A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian- Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, –) and Volga Bulgaria (early th century–). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiongnu (late rd cent. BC–mid-nd cent. AD) and subsequently by warfare between the Rouran/*Avar (c.–) and northern Wei (–) states. The Bulgars are first noted by name c.– as allies of the *Emperor *Zeno (–) in his wars against the *Ostrogoths. Their tribal union may have included *Hunnic elements. *Zacharias Rhetor (XII, v–ix) twice mentions the 'Burgar', possessors of 'cities' and 'tent- dwellers', among the 'Hunnic' peoples of the north Caucasian-Pontic steppes c., along with the *Kutrigurs and *Onoghurs, peoples closely associated with them. Bulgar territory extended from the Kuban River–Sea of Azov steppes to the Dnieper zone and probably the lower Danube, whence they raided eastern Roman territories. Subjugated by the Avars in the mid– late s, some Bulgar groupings joined the Avars in *Pannonia where the Avars had taken refuge (late s), from their *Türk enemies. They then partici- pated in Avar raids on the *Balkans. Other Bulgars came under western Türk rule. *Kubrat, of the royal Dulo clan, 'lord of the Ononghundur-Bulgars and Kotrags [Kutrigurs?]', and according to the Chronicle of *John of *Nikiu (, ) a convert to Christianity (in *Constantinople in ), exploited domestic strife among the Avars and western Türks and founded an independ- ent state, 'Magna Bulgaria' in the Pontic steppe zone in . Following his death (?/s?), internal discord and pressure from the *Khazars (s–c.–/), suc- cessors of the Türks in the western steppes, brought about the collapse of Magna Bulgaria, probably between  and . Of Kubrat's five sons, Batbaian (the eldest) and Kotragos became Khazar subjects. *Asparukh fled to the Danube by , and secured *Moesia by treaty (), following Constantinople's failure to halt him. This gave rise to the First Bulgarian Empire. Other (unnamed) sons migrated to Avar Pannonia and north-east *Italy. Pontic Bulgars intermittently migrated to the Middle Volga between the late th and early th centuries, founding Volga Bulgaria. The Balkan Bul- gars, with their capital at Aboba/*Pliska, became a factor in Byzantine politics. After the death of Sevar (c./ ), the last of the Dulo line, succession contests and Bulgar–*Slav conflicts allowed the Emperor *Constantine V Copronymus (–) to inflict a series of devastating defeats on them, beginning in . Thereafter, Bulgar–Byzantine relations were largely hostile. Bulgar culture preserved many titles (e.g. qan, boyla) of Inner Asian Turkic origin, the twelve-year animal cycle calendar (recorded in the Slavo-Bulgaro-Turkic Imennik, 'Name-List of Khans': –, dated variously to the th–th centuries), and worship of Tangra (Turkic Tengri), a supreme celestial deity. Bulgar Turkic words are found in Graeco-Bulgar inscriptions in Bulgaria. There are also runiform inscriptions that have been deciphered as Bulgaro-Turkic. The principal Byzantine sources are *Theophanes, who provides a brief ethnography of the Bulgars (AM ) and *Nicephorus the Patriarch (–, –) McEvoy, M. (2020). THE DICTIONARY OF LATE ANTIQUITY - (O.) Nicholson (ed.) The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity. Volume 1: A–I. Volume 2: J–Z. Pp. lxxxiv xii 1637. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018. pp. 271 Cased, £195, US$255. ISBN: 978-0-19-881624-9 (vol. 1), 978-0-19-881625-6 (vol. 2), 978-0-19-866277-8 (set). The Classical Review,70(1), 250-253. doi:10.1017/S0009840X19002178
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  1855.  @MilleniumBK  there were many Bulgar Turkic inscriptions in Volga Bulgaria Empire
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  1856.  @zarni000  According to only Bulgurians they were not Turkic🤣🤣 That’s why nobody takes Bulgurians serious about history
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  1857. You can not steal Turks history kiddo As the number of evidence of linguistic, ethnographic and socio-political nature show that Bulgars belonged to the group of Turkic peoples.[36][24][26][30] The Bulgars (also Bolgars or proto-Bulgarians[40]) were a semi-nomadic people of Turkic descent, originally from Central Asia, who from the 2nd century onwards dwelled in the steppes north of the Caucasus and around the banks of river Volga (then Itil). https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria Bulgars (< Turkic bulgha- ‘to mix, stir up, disturb’, i.e. ‘rebels’) A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian-Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiongnu (late 3rd cent. ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-820 Many Slavic tribes lived within the boundaries of the state, together with the proto-Bulgarians, a tribe of Turkic origin that had settled in the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 7th century. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boris-I The Bulgars were a Turkic tribal confederation that gave rise to the Balkan Bulgar and Volga Bulgar states.The ethynonym derives from the Turkish bulgha-,”to stir,mix,disturb,confuse.” https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=c788wWR_bLwC&pg=PA354&redir_esc=y&hl=tr#v=onepage&q=Bulgars&f=false (Harvard University Press) The Volga Bulgars, a Turkish tribe then living on the east bank of the Volga River, ... the laws of Islam to the Bulgars, who had recently converted to the religion. http://www.bookrags.com/research/ahmad-ibn-fadlan-ued/#gsc.tab=0 Eastern Bulgars , Bulgars Ancient Turkic people originating in the region n and e of the Black Sea. https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/balkan-states Volga Bulgaria was a northeastern European Turkic state that formed during the 9th century and continued into the first four decades of the 13th century. https://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe009 https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopedia-of-slavic-languages-and-linguistics-online/*-COM_031941 https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-Bulgar+languages https://xn--80ad7bbk5c.xn--p1ai/en/content/brief-history-suvar-bulgars http://bulgarizdat.ru/index.php/book1/article1-1 Bulgars, Eastern bŭl´gärz, –gərz [key], Turkic-speaking people, who possessed a powerful state (10th–14th cent.) at the confluence of the Volga and the Kama, E European Russia. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. Cambridge University Press https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=Ylz4fe7757cC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=proto+bulgars&source=bl&ots=vvGsuu2J3g&sig=ACfU3U2YuPKKdgVQKhoUi2fyDiC99n4N_Q&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiRqIaDlNvmAhWM-yoKHW38DDI4FBDoATAAegQIBRAB#v=onepage&q=proto%20bulgars&f=false Population genetic analysis indicated that Conquerors had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-53105-5 https://hizliresim.com/stAHqu More Sources https://1drv.ms/w/s!ArU3juYblIHghhn2C4hh-bLC8FRi
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  1858.  @Kul-tegin  🤓
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  1859. 80dk :0
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  1860. Turco-Polish wars= 🇹🇷3-1🇵🇱 1443-1444 Turco-Polish war🇹🇷 1485-1503 Turco-Polish war🇹🇷 1620-1621 Turco-Polish war🚫 1633-1634 Turco-Polish war🚫 1672-1676 Turco-Polish war🇹🇷 1683-1699 Turco-Polish war🇵🇱
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  1861. Kosovo is ... comments incoming
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  1862. Çoğumuz öyle
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  1863.  @dimitris9350  Rums are literally Hellenized peoples not even ethnic Greeks
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  1864. At some point during the second half of the early eleventh century, after living for a long time among Turkic populations and studying their languages and traditions, Mahmud al-Kashghari produced a well-documented work about the "Turks." According to him, only the Qirqiz, the Qipchaq, the Oghuz and five other tribes spoke a pure Turkic language, while the languages of the Bulgars, Suvars and Pech enegs Bačänäk), while undoubtedly Turkic, had been altered by foreign influences. Mahmud al-Kashgari believed that initially there were very few differences between all those languages, all phonetical." He saw the linguistic fragmentation as a natural phenomenon, given the vast area, between the Byzantine and the Chinese frontiers, in which those peoples lived. Spinei, V., 2009. The Romanians and the Turkic nomads north of the Danube Delta from the tenth to the mid-thirteenth century. Leiden: Brill, pp.181, 182.
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  1865. However the linguistic impact of the Iranian world on the Turkic Bulgars is indisputable. For instance the name of the founder of Danubian Bulgaria was Asparukh, which is old Iranian in origin: "The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe", Hyun Jin Kim, Cambridge University Press, 2013,, p. 68.
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  1866.  @petertodorov1792  There are two direct references to Tangra as a Bulgar deity in the sources. One is found in an Ottoman manuscript where it is stated that the name of god in Bulgarian was “Tängri” (Bułghar dilindžä Tängri der).201 The other is in a badly-damaged inscription (carved on a marble column) which commemorates a sacrifice made by Omurtag“to the god Tangra” (κὲ ἐπύησ]εν θυσ[ήαν ἠς τὸν θεὸ]ν Ταγγραν).202 The inscription was found at the rocky cliff of Madara, a site that is commonly associated with the Tangra cult. It is worth remarking that according to ancient Inner Asian religious traditions, the favour of heaven had to manifest itself in the possession of “sacred mountains”. There the qaghan was thought to be closer to Tängri; he could therefore conduct “privileged conversations with him” and receive or transmit his orders.203 It is not unlikely that the site of Madara played a similar role in Bulgaria.204 To be sure, below the relief of the horseman archaeolo gists unearthed the foundations of a complex comprising of what seems to have been a pagan shrine (built on top of a three-aisled church dated to the sixth and seventh centuries), as well as a building with three divisions, which has been interpreted as a dwelling Amongst other things, it has been sug gested that the latter was a kind of private quarter for the ruler from which he seems to have directed the cult of Tangra, the ceremonial sacrifices and. quite possibly, the collective prayers. While Tangra is very likely to have been worshiped by certain Bulgar groups/clans before their migration to the Balkans, his promotion to the supreme god of the elite and. in a sense, the official religion of the Proto bulgarian state coincides in time with the gradual centralization of political power, a process that is rightly connected with Krum's and Omurtag's reigns in the early ninth century. Indeed, the ideology associated with the wor ship of Tangra was bound to enhance monarchical rulership. Just as Tangra was the supreme celestial being, the khan-his reflection-was regarded as rightfully the sole sovereign on earth or, at any rate. in the Bulgar state (an idea which finds clear expression in Omurtag's building inscription from Catalar). The ideology of a strong, divinely-sanctioned leadership clearly bears much of the credit for the survival of the khanate during this period. The certainties which this system of beliefs and values presented to the warrior aristocracy, if not to the entire population, the aura of sanctity surrounding the ruler, the awareness of heavenly support granted to military undertakings (an awareness reinforced through the regular performance of religious ritu als and ceremonials while on campaign)." all immeasurably strengthened the unity of the state and the political will of its subjects to survive. Another factor operative in the transition to Tangrist henotheism at this time may have been the fear of Byzantine imperialism. Foreign influences, as scholars have long pointed out, often paved the way for the adoption of a more sophisticated faith among nomads. However, this was rarely the reli gion of their imperial neighbours, for such a course invariably implied sub mission to the authority of the rulers of these states." The Bulgars, realizing that conversion to Islam or Judaism was not a viable option, and mindful of the influence the Byzantine Church could exercise on the khan's Christian subjects, had little choice but to promote Tangra as their supreme deity." It is important to emphasize that the late eighth/early ninth century marked the period of transition to henotheism only for the upper strata of the Bulgar society. Vigorous polytheism and totemism (i.e. the existence of an intimate, "mystical" relationship between a group or an individual and a natural object), both of which were incapable of furnishing a principle of spiritual (and political) unity, proved to be persistent and strong among the masses." This is also true of shamanism, a complex belief system espe cially common in Central and Inner Asian societies, but also discernible in the khanate in the pre-conversion period. Shamanism has been defined by anthropologists as a technique of ecstasy. By mastering this technique and reaching a state of trance the shaman was able to mediate between the world of humans and that of spirits. He thus functioned as a magician, prophet and healer who, among other things, had to "descend to the underworld" to find and bring back a sick person's soul. Given that most aspects of daily life in Eurasia were directly linked with the spiritual world-for instance. the life-supporting economic activities, from hunting to husbandry to agri culture, were thought to be protected by spirits-the role of the shaman was bound to be extremely important." Before we proceed any further, a piece of essential explanation: shaman ism has been a popular subject of accounts and research since the early eighteenth century. Although it is correctly believed that the shaman's technique of ecstasy and mode of operation are basically uniform through out Central and Inner Asia, it is impossible to construct a uniform model of shamanism as an institution. Further (and partly as a result of the above). it would be perilous to equate the modern "ethnographic shaman" with the religious specialists noted among historical Eurasian peoples. In this light. any attempt to investigate the development of this phenomenon in medieval steppe-nomad societies, including Bulgaria, is bound to be inconclusive. We have only fleeting glimpses of Bulgar shamanism in our sources. Sophoulis, P., 2011. Byzantium and Bulgaria, 775-831. Leiden: Brill, pp.84, 85, 86, 87.
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  1867.  @Boyan67  The thought that Hungarian as a name is derived from Hun is proably not correct. It is much more probable that is is derived from the Bulgar-Turkish Onogur (Ten Ogurs-Ten Arrows-Ten Tribes) https://www.utoledo.edu/library/virtualexhibitions/mppcoll/images/History/Perry.pdf Sample From Bulgar Language: Etil suwı aka turur Kaya tübi kaka turur Balık telim baka turur Kölün takı küşerür In Turkish: İtil suyu akar durur Kaya dibini oyar durur Bütün balıklar baka durur Gölü bile taşırırlar In English: Volga water is flowing He carves the bottom of the rock All the fish keep looking They carry the lake It has been inscribed in two languages: on the obverse there is an Arabic-language inscription written in relief in the Thuluth style of calligraphy, while on the reverse a Turkic text has been inscribed in the Bulgarian variant of the Kufic style. There is also relief writing on the sides of the monument. Huwa-l-xäjji-l-läzi lä jämutu wä küllü häjjin säjämutu. Haẕihi rawḍatu-l-mästüräti-l-muṭahhiräti-ṣ-ṣalixäti-ṣ-ṣa’inäti-ṭ-tajfäti Šäkär-älči bint Gos̱man äl-Bolɣari. He lives who does not die, but every living thing dies. This is the plot of the chaste, devout, pious, caring, compassionate Šeker-elči, daughter of Osman the Bulgar. https://www.eurasiatica.blog/volga-bulgarian-inscription-tatar-shapkino.html The Bulgar thesis traces the ancestors of the Kazan Tatars to the Bulgars – a Turkic people who penetrated the Middle Volga and lower Kama region during the first half of the eighth century after being displaced from the Azov steppes by frequent Arab campaigns. https://groznijat.tripod.com/fadlan/rorlich1.html There is some debate among scholars about the extent of that mixing and the "share" of each group as progenitors of the modern Kazan Tatars. It is relatively accepted that demographically, most of the population was directly descended from the Bulgars. Nevertheless, some emphasize the contribution of the Kipchaks on the basis of the ethnonym and the language, and consider that the modern Tatar ethnogenesis was only completed upon their arrival. Others prefer to stress the Bulgar heritage, sometimes to degree of equating modern Kazan Tatars with Bulgars. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/tatars https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336287603_The_Emergence_of_the_Volga_Tatar_National_and_Economic_Consciousness the Bulgarians' Turkish character linking it to the Turkic Bulgars https://brill.com/downloadpdf/journals/thr/5/2/article-p221_4.xml are they linked to the Turkic Bulgars https://www.ucis.pitt.edu/nceeer/1993-806-39-Lazzerini.pdf The last summary of the results of research on the Bulgar-Turkic criteria and their chronological validity https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333803568_Diatopy_and_frequency_as_indicators_of_spread_Accentuation_in_Bulgarian_dialects Some of the Slavic Bulgarian proponents of the Native Faith in Bulgaria identify themselves with the descendants of the Turks-Bulgars and revive Tengrism. They are incorporated into the "Tangra Warriors Movement" (Bulgarian: Движение "Воини на Тангра").[61][80] The Bulgars named a large mountain in the Rila mountain range after Tangra,[citation needed] although it was renamed in the 15th century to Musala("Mountain of Allah") by the Ottoman Turks. The name Krum is of Turkic origin and means "governor prince" (from qurum"rule, leadership, administration").[4][5] Inscription IV:[26] Khan sybigi Omurtag, ruler from god [...] was [...] and made sacrifice to god Tangra [...] itchurgu boila [...] gold [...] les Bulgares, les Khazars, les Petchenègues, les Coumans, ou Kiptchaks. https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/divers/Turcs/147681 Within a comparable period the Turkic Bulgars settled south of the Danube adopted Slav speech https://academic.oup.com/ehr/article/XCIX/CCCXC/137/405626?searchresult=1 of the Turkic Bulgars https://academic.oup.com/ahr/article/66/3/682/280201?searchresult=1 Bulgarian Turks who were the ancestors of Chuvashians were the first Turkic clan that immigrated to the West. http://yunus.hacettepe.edu.tr/~eminey/makaleler/yilmazkbol8.pdf Chuvash, which is the only living Bulgar Turkic variety and whose. http://www.turkiclanguages.com/www/Johanson_Discoveries-1.pdf Several other terms relate to this group, such as Bulgar–Turkic, as introduced by Ašmarin, who identified Chuvash https://akjournals.com/view/journals/2062/aop/article-10.1556-2062.2020.00019/article-10.1556-2062.2020.00019.xml More specifically, Chuvash is a member of the Oghur branch of the Turkic language family, along with Khazar, Turkic Avar, Bulgar, and Hunnic. https://celcar.indiana.edu/apps/pamphlets/chuvash.pdf The closest ancestors of the Chuvash are regarded as being the Bulgar tribes which inhabited the vast territory http://researcharts.ru/chuvashi-research-gennady-ivanov-orkov-on-chuvashi-en The Chuvash ancestors are said to be from tribes of ancient Bulgars and Suvars that resided in the Northern Caucasus in the 5th-8th centuries. https://alfred.med.yale.edu/alfred/recordinfo.asp?UNID=PO000327M The Chuvash language belongs to the Volga- Bulgar subgroup of the Turkic https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/bitstream/1808/13584/1/Arnaiz-Villena_et_al_2003.pdf The Chuvash language is a Turkic language and is sometimes also referred to as Bulgar. https://www.library.illinois.edu/ias/spx/slavicresearchguides/nationalbib/natbibchuvash/ Chavash is the only extant language in Bolgar branch of Turkic. https://mpi-lingweb.shh.mpg.de/numeral/Chuvash.htm (Stanford University Press) The Bulgar-Turkic, or Chuvash loans in the Permian languages fall into three groups: a/ loan -words taken from. http://acta.bibl.u-szeged.hu/16551/1/altaica_017_158-179.pdf The Chuvash are descendants of the Bulgars, who were one of the most ancient civilizations in Europe within the Bulgar state of the 8th – 14th centuries. http://rbo.spb.ru/en/bibleyskie-perevodyi-na-chuvashskiy Its only modern representative is Chuvash, which originated in Volga Bolgarian and exhibits archaic features https://www.britannica.com/topic/Bolgar-Turkic-language Chuvash is the only representative of the Bulgar branch. http://www.languagesgulper.com/eng/Chuvash.html Subject: Bulgars (Turkic people) · Chuvash (Turkic people) https://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/4717062
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  1868.  @Boyan67  Population genetic analysis indicated that Conquerors had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-53105-5 https://hizliresim.com/stAHqu (Bulgar genetic proximity) Thus supporting the view that Tatars may be descendents of ancient Bulgars. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22520580/ Onogur-Bulgars had been part of the Hunnic people, and after the death of Attila’s son Irnik, European Hun remains fused with the Onogurs. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/250688v1.full However, given the common Turkic genetic background of the Bulgars and Khazars, these ethnicities may be difficult to tell apart either archaeologically or genetically. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2019.12.15.876912v1.full.pdf Most Tatars trace their descent to Volga Bulgars, a medieval Turkic people who have inhabited the Middle Volga and lower Kama region. https://online.ucpress.edu/search-results?page=1&q=Bulgars from the fifth century BC, well before Bulgars (a Turkic tribe) or Slavs https://online.ucpress.edu/search-results?q=Bulgars%20a%20tribe&fl_SiteID=1&qb={%22q%22:%22Bulgars%20a%20tribe%22}&page=1 Population genetic results indicate that they had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6193700/ Population genetic results indicate that they had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0205920&type=printable Onogur-Bulgars had been part of the Hunnic people, and after the death of Attila’s son Irnik, European Hun remains fused with the Onogurs. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6193700/ Around 4% of Bulgarian genes are derived outside of Europe and the Middle East or are of undetermined origin (by 858 CE), of which 2.3% are from Northeast Asia and correspond to Asian tribes such as Bulgars,[13] a consistent very low frequency for Eastern Europe as far as Uralic-speaking Hungarians. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_studies_on_Bulgarians Science, 14 February 2014, Vol. 343 no. 6172, p. 751, A Genetic Atlas of Human Admixture History, Garrett Hellenthal at al.: " CIs. for the admixture time(s) overlap but predate the Mongol empire, with estimates from 440 to 1080 CE (Fig.3.) In each population, one source group has at least some ancestry related to Northeast Asians, with ~2 to 4% of these groups total ancestry linking directly to East Asia. This signal might correspond to a small genetic legacy from invasions of peoples from the Asian steppes (e.g., the Huns, Magyars, and Bulgars) during the first millennium CE." https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4209567/figure/F3/
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  1869.  @Boyan67  Bulgars (< Turkic bulgha- ‘to mix, stir up, disturb’, i.e. ‘rebels’) A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian-Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiongnu (late 3rd cent. ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-820 Kubrat (Gk. Kobratos, called Kurt in the Slavo-Turko-Bulgar Imennik or Name-List of Khans, 20, derived from Turkic quvrat ‘to bring together’) Ruler of the *Onoghurs (Ononghundur) *Bulgars (c.605–42/65?). *John of *Nikiu (120, 47) reports that he became a Christian in ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-2674 Utrigurs (Utighurs) Oghur-Bulghar Turkic group, located south-east of the Don River, near the Sea of Azov, and traditional enemies of the related ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-4918 Bolgar, Tatarstan/Russia (Bulgar, Bulgar al-Cadid, Kuybyshev) By the 15th century it was known as Bulgar al-Cadid ‘New Bulgar’ after the Turkic-speaking Volga Bulgars. https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780191905636.001.0001/acref-9780191905636-e-8397 Bulgars, Turkic, also Proto-Bulgarians, Pra-Bulgarians, a pastoral people, originally living in Central Asia. Swept westward in the great movement of steppe peoples ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195046526.001.0001/acref-9780195046526-e-0850 Kuvrat (Κοβρα̑τος, according to Moravcsik, Byzantinoturcica 2:161f), khan of the Onogur Bulgars; died after 642. Patr. Nikephoros I mentions his revolt against the Avars and alliance with Herakleios; Kuvrat was granted ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100045529 Kubrat , of the royal Duloclan, ‘lord of the Ononghundur-Bulgars and Kotrags [Kutrigurs?]’ https://www.oxfordreference.com/search?q=Dulo+clan&searchBtn=Search&isQuickSearch=true Originally Asiatic nomads who inhabited the shores of the Black Sea at the end of the 5th century ad but after ad 679 they crossed the Danube and founded a state in the old province of Moesia. https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095534628 https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199534043.001.0001/acref-9780199534043-e-582 They spoke Oghur-Bulghar Turkic and moved into the western Siberian steppe after the Huns left for Europe. https://www.oxfordreference.com/search?q=Saraghurs&searchBtn=Search&isQuickSearch=true The Volga Tatars live in the central and eastern parts of European Russia and in western Siberia. They are the descendants of the Bulgar and Kipchak Turkic tribes who inhabited the western wing of the Mongol Empire, the area of the middle Volga River. https://academic.oup.com/mbe/article/27/10/2220/963437 Chuvash is the sole living representative of the Bulgharic branch, one of the two principal branches of the Turkic family. https://oxford.universitypressscholarship.com/mobile/view/10.1093/oso/9780198804628.001.0001/oso-9780198804628-chapter-28 In the different classifications proposed so far, there is a wide consensus that the earliest split in the family was between the Bulgharic (also known as ‘Oghuric’) branch, which today only survives in Chuvash, and the Common Turkic branch, which is ancestral to all other contemporary Turkic languages. https://academic.oup.com/jole/article/5/1/39/5736268 Many Slavic tribes lived within the boundaries of the state, together with the proto-Bulgarians, a tribe of Turkic origin that had settled in the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 7th century. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boris-I The language of the European Huns is sometimes referred to as a Bulghar Turkic variety in general linguistic literature, but caution is needed in establishing its affiliations. https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/4CBA0E2CB74C8093EC1CA38C95067D55/S2513843X20000183a_hi.pdf/_div_class__title__Early_nomads_of_the_Eastern_Steppe_and_their_tentative_connections_in_the_West__div_.pdf In the Hunno-Bulgarian languages /r/ within a consonantic cluster tends to disappear https://projects.iq.harvard.edu/files/huri/files/vvi_n4_dec1982.pdf An earlier date for the separation of proto-Turkic, preceding 209 BC would support the identification of Xiongnu language with proto-Bulgharic or one of its subgroups, while a later date of separation would make its association with proto-Turkic more plausible. https://academic.oup.com/jole/article-pdf/5/1/39/32972809/lzz010.pdf The Bulgars were a Turkic tribal confederation that gave rise to the Balkan Bulgar and Volga Bulgar states.The ethynonym derives from the Turkish bulgha-,”to stir,mix,disturb,confuse.” https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=c788wWR_bLwC&pg=PA354&redir_esc=y&hl=tr#v=onepage&q=Bulgars&f=false (Harvard University Press) Turkish tribes who founded a kingdom (9th-12th century) in the region between the Volga and the Kama. https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/divers/Bulgares_de_la_Volga_et_de_la_Kama/110545 The Bulgars,,Turkish people who were formed on the Don. https://www.universalis.fr/recherche/l/1/napp/23625 Although the Bulgars were originally a Turkic-speaking people from Asia, they merged with the Slavic tribes whom they conquered in the 7th cent. https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/arts/language/linguistics/bulgarian-language The Volga Bulgars, a Turkish tribe then living on the east bank of the Volga River, ... the laws of Islam to the Bulgars, who had recently converted to the religion. http://www.bookrags.com/research/ahmad-ibn-fadlan-ued/#gsc.tab=0 Eastern Bulgars , Bulgars Ancient Turkic people originating in the region n and e of the Black Sea. https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/balkan-states Volga Bulgaria was a northeastern European Turkic state that formed during the 9th century and continued into the first four decades of the 13th century. https://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe009 https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopedia-of-slavic-languages-and-linguistics-online/*-COM_031941 https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-3/bulghars-COM_23726 https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-Bulgar+languages https://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Bulgars https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Bulgar https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Bolgars https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Bulgars https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-bulgarians https://xn--80ad7bbk5c.xn--p1ai/en/content/brief-history-suvar-bulgars http://bulgarizdat.ru/index.php/book1/article1-1 Bulgars, Eastern bŭl´gärz, –gərz [key], Turkic-speaking people, who possessed a powerful state (10th–14th cent.) at the confluence of the Volga and the Kama, E European Russia. https://www.factmonster.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern (Cambridge University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=Ylz4fe7757cC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=proto+bulgars&source=bl&ots=vvGsuu2J3g&sig=ACfU3U2YuPKKdgVQKhoUi2fyDiC99n4N_Q&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiRqIaDlNvmAhWM-yoKHW38DDI4FBDoATAAegQIBRAB#v=onepage&q=proto%20bulgars&f=false
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  1870.  @Boyan67  The Turkic languages are clearly interrelated, showing close similarities in phonology, morphology, and syntax. Historically, they split into two types early on, Common Turkic and Bolgar Turkic. The language of the Proto-Bolgars, reportedly similar to the Khazar language, belonged to the latter type. Its only modern representative is Chuvash, which originated in Volga Bolgarian and exhibits archaic features.
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  1871.  @Boyan67  The Oghur, or Onogur or Ogur[3] languages (also known as Bulgar, Pre-Proto-Bulgar,[4]or Lir-Turkic and r-Turkic), are a branch of the Turkic language family. The only extant member of the group is the Chuvash language. The first to branch off from the Turkic family, the Oghur languages show significant divergence from other Turkic languages, which all share a later common ancestor. Languages from this family were spoken in some nomadic tribal confederations, such as those of the Onogurs or Ogurs, Bulgars, and Khazars.[5]Some scholars consider Hunnic a similar language[6] and refer to this extended grouping as Hunno-Proto-Bulgarian.[7] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oghur_languages
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  1872.  @skullsforerlikkhansthrone9306  Since 1989, Bulgarian nationalism continues to live off cosy reminiscences of the ‘Revival Process’ ideology. Anti-Turkish rhetoric is now reflected in the theories that challenge the thesis of Turkic origin of the Proto-Bulgars. Alongside the ‘Iranian’ or ‘Aryan’ theory, there appeared arguments favouring an autochthonous origin... The ‘parahistoric’ theories, very often politically loaded and have almost nothing to do with objective scientific research in the field of Proto-Bulgarian Studies, could be summarized in several directions:...3)‘Aryan roots’ and the ‘enigmatic Eurasian homeland’. Meanwhile, another group of authors is looking eagerly for the supposed homeland of the ancient Bulgarians in the vast areas of Eurasia, perhaps by conscious or unconscious opposition to the pro-Western orientation of modern Bulgaria. At the same time, with little regard for consistency, they also oppose the Turkic theory, probably because this is in sharp contradiction with the anti-Turkish feelings shared by nationalistic circles. (Dobrev 2005; 2007.) in Claudia-Florentina Dobre, Cristian Emilian ed., Quest for a Suitable Past: Myths and Memory in Central and Eastern Europe, Central European University Press, 2018, ISBN 9633861365, pp. 142-143.😂😂😂😅😅😅😅🤣🤣🤣😂
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  1873.  @Boyan67  However, the teaching materials employed in Bulgarian schools prefer to dub these Turkic-speaking Bulgars as “Bulgarians” (or sometimes “Proto-Bulgarians”), so that in Bulgarian vocabulary no distinction is maintained between Turkic Bulgars and Slavophone Bulgarians. https://neweasterneurope.eu/2019/03/24/bulgarias-denial-of-its-ottoman-past-and-turkish-identity/
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  1874.  @Boyan67  Bulgars are Turks(of Onogur tribe) according to historical sources and most specialist historians Mahmud al Kashgari/Diwan Lughat al Turk https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=apGfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA6&dq=divanu+lugatit+turk&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjmrbTj4ZLrAhXKRBUIHSn1C9EQ6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q=Bulgar&f=false You ask us also in your epistle: "Of what people, of what family, and of what tribe are you?" Know that we are descended from Japheth, through his son Togarmah. [In Jewish literature Togarmah is the father of all the Turks.] I have found in the genealogical books of my ancestors that Togarmah had ten sons. These are their names: the eldest was Ujur, the second Tauris, the third Avar, the fourth Uauz, the fifth Bizal, the sixth Tarna, the seventh Khazar, the eighth Janur, the ninth Bulgar, the tenth Sawir. [These are the mythical founders of tribes that once lived in the neighborhood of the Black and Caspian Seas.] I am a descendant of Khazar, the seventh son. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khazar_Correspondence#King_Joseph's_reply The Volga Bulgars, a Turkish tribe then living on the east bank of the Volga River, ... the laws of Islam to the Bulgars, who had recently converted to the religion. http://www.bookrags.com/research/ahmad-ibn-fadlan-ued/#gsc.tab=0 Ibn Fadlan served as the group's religious advisor, a crucial role: among the purposes of their mission was to explain Islamic Law to the recently converted Bulgar peoples, a Turkish tribe living on the eastern bank of the Volga River. (These were the Volga Bulgars; another group of Bulgars had moved westward in the sixth century, invading the country that today bears their name, and became Christians.) https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ahmad-ibn-fadlan Theophanes the Confessor called him "king of the Onogundur Huns".[5] Patriarch Nikephoros I(758–828) called Kubrat "lord of the Onuğundur"[6] and "ruler of the Onuğundur–Bulğars".[7] John of Nikiu (fl. 696) called him "chief of the Huns".[6] D. Hupchick identified Kubrat as "Onogur",[4] P. Golden as "Oğuro-Bulğar",[6] H. J. Kim as "Bulgar Hunnic/Hunnic Bulgar".[8] Bulgars (Turkic bulgha-'to mix, stir up, disturb', i.e. 'rebels') A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiungnu and subsequently by warfare between the Rouran/Avar and northern Wei states. in Oliver Nicholson, The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity, Oxford University Press, 2018, ISBN 0192562460, p. 271.. Old Great Bulgaria or Great Bulgaria (Byzantine Greek: Παλαιά Μεγάλη Βουλγαρία, Palaiá Megálē Voulgaría), also often known by the Latin names Magna Bulgaria[3] and Patria Onoguria ("Onogur land"),[4] was a 7th-century state formed by the Onogur Bulgars on the western Pontic-Caspian steppe (modern southern Ukraine and southwest Russia).[5] Great Bulgaria was originally centered between the Dniester and lower Volga. Later Byzantine scholars implied that the Bulgars had previously been known as the Onogurs (Onoğur). Agathon wrote about the "nation of Onogur Bulğars"],Nikephoros I stated that Kubrat was lord of the Onogundurs, Theophanes referred to them as Onogundur Bulgars and Constantine VII remarked that the Bulgars formerly called themselves Onogundurs. Variations of the name include Onoguri, Onoghuri, Onghur, Ongur, Onghuri, Onguri, Onogundur, Unogundur, and Unokundur. There are several theories about the origin of the name Onogur. In some Turkic languages on means "10" and ğur "arrow"; and "ten arrows" might imply a federation of ten tribes, i.e. the Western Turkic Khaganate. Within the Turkic languages, "z" sounds in the easternmost languages tend to have become "r" in the westernmost Turkic languages; therefore, the ethnonym Oghuz may be the source of Oghur; that is, on Oğur would mean "ten clans of Oghuz". Old Great Bulgaria (Magna Bulgaria[29]), also known as Onoghundur–Bulgars state, or Patria Onoguria in the Ravenna Cosmography.[30][31][20] Constantine VII (mid-10th century) remarked that the Bulgars formerly called themselves Onogundurs.[32] Both names are best explained as corresponding to Onogundur, an old name in Greek sources for the Bulgars. https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/khazars Nikephoros I stated that Kubrat was lord of the Onogundurs, Theophanes referred to them as Onogundur Bulgars and Constantine VIIremarked that the Bulgars formerly called themselves Onogundurs. Variations of the name include Onoguri, Onoghuri, Onghur, Ongur, Onghuri, Onguri, Onogundur, Unogundur, and Unokundur.
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  1875. Finally Ibn al-Nadim wrote about the scripts of the Turks: "The Turks, the Bulgar, the Blagha' /sic. Bulghar ZI.J, the Burghaz, the Khazar, the Llän, and the types with small eyes and extreme blondness have no script, except that the Bulgarians and the Tibetans write with Chinese and Manichean, whereas the Khazar write Hebrew" (Dodge 1970, 36-37; Flügel 1871, 20).
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  1876. Standard Greek and Cypriot Greek are barely mutually intelligible.
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  1877. 🤨
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  1878. Bu arada kendisi de cuman kökenli
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  1879. Yaqub Leis Barlas tribe is Turco Mongol tribe not only mongol The Timurid dynasty was founded in 1370 by the Turkic warlord Temür, usually known in the west as Tamerlane (Temür the lame). Rising to power within the realm of Chinggis Khan’s second son Chaghadai, Temür established his capital at Samarqand and embarked on a career of conquest throughout the former Mongolian Empire and the Central Islamic lands. While his campaigns ranged from Delhi almost to Moscow and from the eastern Turkestan to western Anatolia, Temür established an administration only over the central regions, including Iran and Transoxiana; these were largely settled and Persian-speaking territories. Temür and his followers were Turks loyal to the Mongol tradition, but they were also Muslim and well acquainted with Perso-Islamic culture. The dynasty lasted three more generations—those of Shāhrukh (1409–1447); Abu Sa`īd (1451–1469); and Sulṭān Ḥusayn Bayqara (1469–1506). During this time, the Timurid state shrank in size but gained fame for its wide-ranging cultural patronage and sophisticated styles in architecture, literature, and the arts of the book. In 1507, the Uzbek Shibani Khan overthrew the Timurid dynasty and took over its eastern territories. The Timurid prince Babur Mirza retreated from his region of Ferghana to Kabul and then in 1526 conquered Delhi and founded the Mughal or Later Timurid dynasty. https://oxfordre.com/asianhistory/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780190277727.001.0001/acrefore-9780190277727-e-10 Timur TURKIC CONQUEROR WRITTEN BY: The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica See Article History Alternative Titles: Tamburlaine, Tamerlane, Timour, Timur Lenk, Timurlenk ARTICLE CONTENTS Timur, also spelled Timour, byname Timur Lenk or Timurlenk (Turkish: “Timur the Lame”), English Tamerlane or Tamburlaine, (born 1336, Kesh, near Samarkand, Transoxania [now in Uzbekistan]—died February 19, 1405, Otrar, near Chimkent [now Shymkent, Kazakhstan]), Turkic conqueror, chiefly remembered for the barbarity of his conquests from India and Russia to the Mediterranean Sea and for the cultural achievements of his dynasty. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Timur Tartar name of Tamerlane. A Timurid is one of his descendants; a member of the Turkic dynasty founded by him, which ruled in central Asia until the 16th century. https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803104707142 The dynasty was founded by a Chagatai Turkic prince named Bābur (reigned 1526–30), who was descended from the Turkic conqueror Timur (Tamerlane) on his father’s side and from Chagatai, second son of the Mongol ruler Genghis Khan, on his mother’s side. Ousted from his ancestral domain in Central Asia, Bābur turned to India to satisfy his appetite for conquest. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Mughal-dynasty
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  1880. Yaqub leis you are really dumb According to the New Book of Tang, the Ashina were descended from the Tiele tribe.[9][10] Like the Göktürks, the Tiele were probably one of many nomadic Turkic peoples on the steppe. [11][12] As some scholars noted the name "Tiele" and "Tujue" are semantically more or less alike. The name "Tiele" was first interpreted as "Tölis" by Chavannes and Thomsen, but this was pointed out as inaccurate in 1937 by Cen Zhongmian, as Tölis applied to the Turkic title of official (突利失 Tulishi) in the east that also came to be attached to the qaghan.[13] This view was later supported by Onogawa Hidemi in 1940, who also speculated on a Tiele origin for the Ashina clan.[14][15] Xiu Ouyang also states the Ashina as one of the two largest subgroups of the Tiele. [16] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashina_tribe Only word is saka wusun origin kid🧒🏾
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  1881. Zülqədərli İgid Safavid Empire was a Turkish state. Religious overtones aside,in most other respects theirs was a typical turkish dynasty. (Cambridge University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=esnWJkYRCJ4C&printsec=frontcover&dq=Firearms:+A+Global+History+to+1700+-+Sayfa+115&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiW6sLHl6bpAhWnyqYKHcBRA80Q6AEIJTAA#v=onepage&q=Turkish%20dynasty&f=false Ottoman eastward expansion was stalled by the rise of another Turkish dynasty, the Safavids, in Persia. (Columbia University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=pcwzCgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Conflict,+Conquest,+and+Conversion:+Two+Thousand+Years+of+Christian+Missions+...&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiy29DtmKbpAhXDfZoKHVwpBAwQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=Turkish%20dynasty&f=false And Turkish origin At much the same time, two more great states arose, each led by migrant Turkish princes: the Safavid Empire of Iran, founded in 1500, and the Mughal Empire of India and Afghanistan,founded in 1526. (Columbia University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=Z013mXynh1wC&pg=PA72&dq=safavid+princes&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwilxZiLmabpAhXDxaYKHbZtAD04HhDoATADegQIARAW#v=onepage&q=safavid%20princes&f=false The three Islamic empires of the early modern period – the Mughal, the Safavid, and the Ottoman – shared a common Turko-Mongolian heritage. https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/time-in-early-modern-islam/safavid-mughal-and-ottoman-empires/9D55F0A0262017473EC8A9A7ED86C508/core-reader
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  1882. Ismet Inönü=💩💩💩
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  1883. But they are not mongols https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=reiwAAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=transforming+india+harvard&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjNp-udzsHoAhWLgnIEHf5LC1EQ6AEIJTAA#v=onepage&q=Turkic&f=false
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  1884. Germany from Turkey
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  1885. Jarab world
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  1886. Mughals😍
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  1887. Make video about Turkic pls
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  1888. The Turkish presence in Western Thrace started with the arrival of the Scythian Turks who came to the Balkans in the 2nd century BC together with the 'Western Branch' of migrants from Central Asia. https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=VpdXKpmaYLEC&printsec=frontcover&dq=a+modern+theory+of+language+evolution&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwisvcCdhrroAhWwk4sKHUxfBG8Q6AEIJTAA#v=onepage&q=Turkic&f=false .Contemporary populations linked to western Iron Age steppe people can be found among diverse ethnic groups in the Caucasus, Russia and Central Asia (spread across many Iranian and other Indo- European speaking groups), whereas populations with genetic similarities to eastern Scythian groups are found almost exclusively among Turkic language speakers (Supplementary Figs 10 and 11). https://reich.hms.harvard.edu/sites/reich.hms.harvard.edu/files/inline-files/ncomms14615_0.pdf Contemporary descendants of western Scythian groups are found among various groups in the Caucasus and Central Asia, while similarities to eastern Scythian are found to be more widespread, but almost exclusively among Turkic language speaking (formerly) nomadic groups, particularly from the Kipchak branch of Turkic languages (Supplementary Note 1). https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14615 Caucasus and Central Asia, while similarities to eastern Scythian are found to be more widespread, but almost exclusively among Turkic language speaking (formerly) nomadic groups, particularly from the Kipchak branch of Turkic languages (Supplementary Note 1). http://eurogenes.blogspot.com/2017/03/genetic-origins-and-legacy-of-scythians.html?m=1 Turkic tribes like Sakas, Kushanas, when they settled on India's borders and inside it also adopted ... https://www.cs.colostate.edu/~malaiya/turkish.html http://s155239215.onlinehome.us/turkic/27_Scythians/EthnicRootsEn.htm Both Kushans and Scythians were of Turki origin. (University of Sind) https://books.google.com.tr/books?hl=tr&id=q3FXAAAAMAAJ&dq=both+kushans+and+scythians+were+of+pakistan&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Turki The Sacae were a mixed people, probably a fusion of Iranian, Finnish, and Turkish— the antithesis of modern Hungarians. Exactly the same may be presumed about the Alans. The Chinese consider them as near relations of the Turks. (Harvard University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=tMdRefDs_G4C&q=sacae+finnic+harvard&dq=sacae+finnic+harvard&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjQpbS39L_pAhXhs4sKHSFTB0kQ6AEILjAB Genetics of Saka people https://hizliresim.com/aDjnZ0 https://hizliresim.com/IfZFMW R
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  1889.  @avataraang6537  Until 200 years ago, there was no such definition as the Azerbaijani/Azeri language.
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  1890. Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
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  1891. Golden Horde aka Kipchak Khanate❤❤❤
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  1892. Turkish subtitle pls
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  1893. Despite more than five hundred years of Turkish rule, the majority of present-day Bulgarians demonise and reject “non-Bulgarian” – that is, Turkish, Muslim, or Roma – influences in their history and culture. While the Bulgarian government’s harshest policies of ethnic cleansing concluded with the fall of communism, this exclusivist narrative of Bulgarian national history nevertheless continues to discriminate against such communities. Bulgaria, since both its ancient and modern beginnings, has been invariably a multiethnic, mainly Slavic and Turkic, polity. School textbooks in Bulgaria lavish much attention on the ancient Bulgars, who in the Middle Ages founded several Bulgarias from the Volga to Italy, including the surviving one in the Balkans. However, the teaching materials employed in Bulgarian schools prefer to dub these Turkic-speaking Bulgars as “Bulgarians” (or sometimes “Proto-Bulgarians”), so that in Bulgarian vocabulary no distinction is maintained between Turkic Bulgars and Slavophone Bulgarians. In the Bulgarian language the same term “Bulgarians” (Българи Bılgari) is used for referring to these two different ethnic groups, thus suggesting – falsely – full historic and demographic continuity between both. Unsurprisingly after this kind of mis-education, most Bulgarians now see the ancient Bulgars as their “Slavic-speaking ancestors”.
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  1894. Top Admirals: 1-Hayreddin Barbarossa 2-Yi Sun Sin 3-Zheng He 4-Nelson 5-De Ruyter
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  1895. Usa hehe
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  1896. The Kashmirian historian Lateef described him as follows: "Nader Shah, the horror of Asia, the pride and savior of his country, the restorer of her freedom and conqueror of India, who, having a simple origin, rose to such greatness that monarchs rarely have from birth". Joseph Stalin used to read about Nader Shah and admired him, calling him, along with Ivan the Terrible, a teacher. In Europe, Nader Shah was compared to Alexander the Great. Starting from a young age, Napoleon Bonaparte also used to read about and admire Nader Shah. Napoleon considered himself new Nader, and he himself was later called European Nader Shah.
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  1897. Jarap aklı işte…
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  1898. Turks :-)
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  1899. 🐸
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  1900. 😍
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  1901. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
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  1902. Eray Knight ermeniler çiğ köfte oldu :D
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  1903. Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
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  1904. 2200 not 6000
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  1905. Altaic language theory is based on nothing but some mere speculations
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  1906. Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
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  1907.  @aol8166  Both Arabs and Egyptians got ruled by Turks very long time really long time
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  1908.  @aol8166  Turks ruled over Jarabs and jarabized peoples very long yime🤣🤣🤣
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  1909. Turks themselves were big part of Mongol army Lol
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  1910. Best Turkic country
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  1911. Wow half of them were Turkic warriors 😎
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  1912. Arab dominance did not, however, continue in the political sphere, and one may describe the premodern history of Islam as falling into three periods of political regime. Until the tenth cen- tury, most regions of Islamdom were under the rule of Arabs; in the 10th and 11th centuries, many regions came under the rule of Persians; and from the 11th until the 19th century, almost all areas of the Muslim world were ruled by ethnic Turks or Mongols, whose dominance continued in the Middle East until World War I and the abolishment of the Ottoman Empire in 1924. For nearly a millennium in the Persianate world, the upper echelons of society were seen as divided along ethnic lines into Turks, who constituted the military and ruling class, and Tajiks, Persians, or non-Turks, who were the administrators, accountants, tax-collectors, and land owners. The division was viewed as natural and not unfair because Turks and Mongols were considered ethnically suited to military exploits because of their sturdiness, fierce nature, ability to endure hardship, and superior skills in horsemanship and archery. Even in contexts where Turks did not make up the bulk of the military, rul- ers often used troops belonging to foreign ethnic groups because of their military skills, internal solidarity, lack of attachment to the local populace, and direct allegiance to the ruler. The Fatimids in Egypt (969-1171) employed both troops who belonged to the Berber Kutama tribal confederation from North Africa and "Suda- nese" troops from sub-Saharan Africa. The 14th-century historian Ibn Khaldun argued, reflecting primarily on the Berber dynasties of North Africa, that there was a strong relationship between the life of political regimes and ethnic groups. Tribal groups from outside settled regions have much stronger ethnic solidarity than settled peoples, and this enabled them to work as efficient military units, conquering territories and establishing new dynasties. The settled life of the conquerors, however, corrupted them and made them lose their ethnic solidarity in just a few generations, and this made them vulnerable to new tribal invaders.
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  1913. Who was better warrior?
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  1914. When Temüjin was a boy, the center of the steppe world was the Orkhon Valley, the old imperial site of the Türks. The valley was dominated by the Kereit. To the west, on the upper Irtysh River, lay Naiman territory. The Kereit and Naiman, not the Mongols, were masters of the steppe. The Kereit and Naiman elites spoke Turkic and had partially converted to Christianity under the influence of the Nestorian Church. In an effort to out do each other, To'oril of the Kereit and Tayang Qan of the Naiman accumulated men, weapons, alliances, and prestige. Yesügei Ba'atur sided with the Kereit. Later Chinggis Khan would subdue the Kereit and the Naiman in the course of a protracted effort to defeat all challengers among the steppe peoples. The Horde How the Mongols Changed the World Marie Favereau, p.32-33
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  1915. Bunu atsana bana
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  1916. Persian rule in Iran broadly ended with the Islamic conquest (mid 7th century) resulting with a dominant Arabic, Turkic, and Mongolic rule whereas only 2 Iranian dynasties, Buyids and Zands, managed to rule Iran Foreign rule in Persia ; Macedonians(Hellen) Seleucids(Hellen) Rashiduns(Arab) Umayyads(Arab) Abbasids(Arab) Ghaznavids(Turk) Seljuks(Turk) Eldiguzids(Turk) Khwarezmids(Turk) Chingissids(Mongol) Ilkhanids(Mongol) Muzaffarids(Arab) Timurids(Turk) Karakoyunlu(Turk) Akkoyunlu(Turk) Safavids(Turk) Afsharids(Turk) Qajars(Turk)
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  1917. 🇹🇷
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  1918. Real Bulgars
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  1919.  @ottomansavasc8131  😅 Fun Fact:Ottomans conquered Greece from non-Hellenic states. Roman Empire, Germanic and French Crusader kingdoms and Venetian kingdoms were ruling Greeks before Ottomans😅 For example Turahanoğlu Ömer Bey conquered Athena from French Kingdom not even from Hellenic kingdom :)
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  1920.  @ottomansavasc8131  Almost Everybody ruled Greeks in history😅 Muhhhhh greek history is best🤣
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  1921.  @64bitVanny  bulgar and bulgarian are totally different peoples just like rus’ and russian
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  1922. 🤨🧐
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  1923. 🤨
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  1924.  @magisterthefirst  It was never Greek too
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  1925. Homa Katouzian, "Iranian history and politics", Published by Routledge, 2003. p. 128: "Indeed, since the formation of the Ghaznavids state in the tenth century until the fall of Qajars at the beginning of the twentieth century, most parts of the Iranian cultural regions were ruled by Turkic-speaking dynasties most of the time.
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  1926.  @blakedott9295  nice. He is one of the leading experts on Mongol history.
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  1927. Turkey is secular country not Muslim
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  1928. Turkic peoples ruled Hellenic peoples before Ottoman or Seljuk Empire because the ruling elites of First Bulgarian Empire were Turkic Bulgars who ruled and destroyed Greece😜
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  1929. Xiongnu is Turkic not Sinitic
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  1930. For the eastern provinces of Byzantium the Persian invasions marked the final break with the secure world of classical antiquity. In the Balkan provinces the break had already taken place. Even during the reign of Justinian the Balkans had been threatened by various Turkic peoples, nomadic Bulgars from the steppes, and much of Justinian's defensive building programme had been directed against their raids. In the second half of the sixth century a new danger arose, that of an alliance between nomadic and more settled peoples. The more settled people were the Slavs, historically well attested but archaeologically difficult to identify, who seem to have moved south in large numbers from the river valleys of central and northern Europe. In south Russia they can perhaps be identified with the culture group who owned the Martynovka Hoard, a collection of silver jewellery whose decoration bears out the agricultural interests of this essentially pastoral people. The nomadic group under whose influence the Slavs fell were the Avars, one of the fiercest of the Turkic peoples to emerge from the Asian steppes, who had left a trail of destruction from as far afield as China. Their horse burials and characteristic jewellery make them easily identifiable, and though relatively few in number, they seem to have exerted a military hegemony over the more numerous Slavs. The two groups crossed the Danube in the 580s and seized a succession of Balkan towns and cities, reaching far south into the Peloponnese, until only a few coastal territories were left in Byzantine hands. There was considerable resistance at first, espe cially under the emperor Maurice in the 590s, but when Phocas seized power in 602 he no longer attempted to hold the Danube frontier, and the pace and density of Avar-Slav settlement greatly increased.
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  1931. Virgin France vs Chad Turkiye
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  1932. *Although in the past the Huns are thought to have been Mongolian emigrants, it is far more likely that they were of Turkic origin. This point has been repeated by thousands of historians, sinologists, turcologists, altaistics, and other researchers. Let me try to state how this idea began with Sinology researchers.[1] *Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 386-9, also thinks that these names are the Germanic or Germanicized names of Turkic Huns.[2] *The language of the Huns has always been classified in the Turkic linguistic family.[3] *In the 5th century A . D . the Danube Slavs had lived in symbiosis with the Turkic Huns[4] *One of the first and most ferocious of such Asiatic (Turkic) peoples were the Huns.[5] *A large number of many different Turkic tribes were called Huns.[6] *It is conceivable that the Huns (Ephthalites), who irrupted into Central Asia in the early fifth century, were Turkic.[7] *Probably a substantial group of Hunnish peoples spoke some form of Turkic, a subfamily of the Altaic languages.[8] *Danube used by a large number of Turkic peoples - including Huns, Avars,Bulgars,Cumans.[9] * Among them, the Vandals were East Germanic, the Suevi or 'Swabians' were Central Germanic, the Huns were Turkic, and the Alans were Iranic (like the modern Ossetians).[10] *Also, with the various Turkic tribes on the west; especially with the Huns.[11] *Historic Turkic kingdoms (the earliest being the Great Hun Empire from 200 B.C., which stretched from Siberia to Tibet,and the last being the Ottoman Empire founded in A.D. 1299),hinting at a racial side to Turkish identity.[12] *By the fifth century, the last of the Tocharians was driven from the region by nomadic Huns, possibly the earliest of many subsequent waves of Tur- kic invaders in Central Asia.[13] *Who are the Turkic Peoples? This great family of peoples includes the Huns,Khazars,Avars and Bulgar-Turks of former times.[14] *The principal invaders in the north were no longer the Turkic Xiongnu[15] *Horses were vital to maintaining Han military strength against the increasing nomadic incur. sions from the Turkic Xiongnu tribal armies along the northern borders and in the northwest.[16] *The constant incursions in the Han's northern and northwestern frontiers by the Turkic nomads known as Xiongnu (the Huns) necessitated Han military expeditions across the Pamirs into Central Asia.[17] * By the 5th century many of the troops were barbarian foederation of Germanic, Turkic (“Huns and "Bulgars), and, perhaps, “Slavic origins [18] * The fact that the Bulgars of Asparukh - whom we considered descendants of the Huns led by Irnikh -were Turks.[19] *While the Hun hords of Attila that tried to conquer Europe were surely Proto-Türks.[20] Sources: *1- The Origins of the Huns-The History Files *2-The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe(Cambridge University Press)-Page 177 *3-Russian Translation Series of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology 1964 (Harvard University Press) *4-Among the People, Native Yugoslav Ethnography: Selected 1982(Michigan University Press) *5-Byzantium: Church, Society, and Civilization Seen Through Contemporary Eyes(University of Chicago Press)-Page 332 *6-Eurasian Studies Yearbook Volume 74 Eurolingua, 2002 *7-Islamic Peoples Of The Soviet Un-Page 384 *8-The Saga of the Volsungs: The Norse Epic of Sigurd the Dragon Slayer(University of California Press)-Page 15 *9-The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelth Century(University of Michigan Press)-Page 25 *10-Vanished Kingdoms: The Rise and Fall of States and Nations *11-China ancient and modern-Page-55 *12-Turkey: What Everyone Needs to Know®(Oxford University Press) *13-Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia-Page 251 *14-Oxford Symposium on Food & Cookery, 1989: Staplefoods : Proceedings *15-China: A New History, Second Enlarged Edition(Harvard University Press)-Page 73 *16-Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China ; Gansu and Ningxia, 4th - 7th Century ; [on the Occasion of the Exhibition "Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China", Organized by the Asia Society Museum, New York, October 13, 2001 - January 6, 2002 ...] *17-The Harvard Dictionary of Music-Page 261 *18- The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity-Page 1346 *19- The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia Volume 1-Page 202 *20-China Knowledge-Xiongnu
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  1933.  @Joel-r6d9t  Gayran
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  1934. Fun Fact: At the past, Turkic peoples like Bulgars, Khazars, Pechenegs, Avars, Huns, Onogurs, Utigurs, Sabirs, Saragurs, Kutrigurs, Kipchaks, Cumans, Tatars, Ottomans etc. were fighting with each other for Ukraine. But now, Slavic peoples are fighting for it👀
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  1935. Video about Ottomans Turks: ( ͡° ͜ʖ ͡°)
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  1936. En öne çıkmışsın
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  1937. Xiongnus and Huns were Oghur Turkic peoples
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  1938.  @ayxanismayilov4326  😘
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  1939.  @leopardleopard7982  Some of the Safavid sources recorded Turkish youth for the ancestor of Shah Ismai, Sheikh Safi. IIn his work titled Füthât-ı Şahî, heratlı İbrahim Emini, who is the historian of the Palace of Shah İsmail, is referred to as a Turkish piri and Turkish youth from Sheikh Sâfî. Herevi, Emir Sadreddin İbrahim Emini. Fütûhat-ı Sâhî, p. 16 http://katalog.tdk.gov.tr/details?id=92004&materialType=BK&query=%C5%9Eahname-i+H%C3%A2tifi-i+Harcisi+%28Hamase-i+Futuhat-%C4%B1+%C5%9Eah+%C4%B0smail-i+Safevi%29+%3D+Sahname-ye+Hatefi-ye+Karjerdi Şeyh Safiyüddin and his family are referred to as Turks in the work named Alem-ârâ-yı Şah İsmail / whose author is not known. While describing the journey of Seyyid Jibril, the father of Sheikh, to Shiraz, emphasis is placed on a Turkish dervish. Likewise, when talking about Sheikh Safiyüddin, the expressions "Turkish son" and "Turkish youth" are used. Alem-ârâ-yı Şah İsmail, p. 6. Alem-ârâ-yı Şah İsmail, p.8.9,10. http://kaynakca.hacettepe.edu.tr/eser/3695830/alem-ara-yi-sah-ismail The famous palace historian of Shah Abbas, Iskender Bey Muneshi (1560-1634) records that Sheikh Safi is called a Turkish youth in his work. In this work, it is stated that during the trip to Shiraz, Persian sheikhs called Sheikh Safi as a Turkish youth. İskender Bey Türkman, Tarih-i Alemara-yı Abbasi (Müellifi Mukaddime ve Gerdaverende-yı Fihrist: İ. Afşar). p.12. http://katalog.tdk.gov.tr/details?id=94563&materialType=BK&query=%C3%82li+Bey According to the same work, Persian Sheikhs are not the only people who call Sheikh Sâfî a Turkish youth. Şeyh Zahid Geylanî also mentions Sheikh Sâfî as a Turkish youth. According to what is narrated in the work, Sheikh Zahid used to go to the house of the month of Ramadan and worship as he was customary. Nobody would see him until the holiday. One day when he was worshiping again, Sheikh Safi understood that he translated. He said to his elder son, Sheikh Jamaleddin: - Go to the middle of the lodge! There is a Turkish youth in such a dress, who is brought here for the first time and performs prayers. Say hi to him and tell him that my father, Sheikh Zahid, is calling you. (...) When the day of the feast came, his followers saw Sheikh Zahid grabbed the hand of the Turkish youth and left the house. jealousy wrapped up, one of them said some words. Sheikh Zahid understood with the light of murifet⁸⁴ and said: Do not leave any doubt in your mind about this young person. ⁸⁵ ⁸³ 'Alemara-yı Şah İsma'il, .9; Alemara-yı Safevi (Be Kûşiş-ı Y. Şükrü), p. 11th. ⁸⁴ "The servant must observe his own truth, know how to do it for and against it. (Kâşânî, 2015, p.526) " ⁸⁵ 'Alemara-yı Shah Isma'il, p.10; Lemara-yı Safevi, p. 12. http://kaynakca.hacettepe.edu.tr/eser/3695830/alem-ara-yi-sah-ismail https://kutuphane.ttk.gov.tr/details?id=534164&materialType=KT&query=%C4%B0ran+_+Tarih Emir Abdullah addresses Sheikh Sâfî as follows: -O Turkish youth! Thanks to your diligence, diligence and high deeds, your grace has already reached our eyes. According to the same work, Persian sheikhs are not the only people who call Sheikh Sâfî a Turkish youth. Şeyh Zahid Geylani also mentions Sheikh Sâfî as a Turkish youth. ⁸² İskender Bey Türkman, Tarih-ı 'Alemara-yı' Abbasi (Müellif-ı Mukaddime ve Gerdaveren-yı Fihrist: İ.Afşar). P.12 http://katalog.tdk.gov.tr/details?id=94563&materialType=BK&query=%C3%82li+Bey In his famous safvetü's-Safa, Şeyh Sâfî 'introduces himself as the Turkish son Turk. “Pire Ahmed perniki Germrûdi told from Mevlana İsma'il (rh.a); he said: I was in the presence of Mawlana Izzeddin Merağı (rh.a.) and the sheikh (k.s.). He was busy with nice words. That twitter said, 'O community of caliphs! Pray to Hace Sadrettin that the throne of Sheikh Zahid and me, Turkoglu Turk, has been victorious for him with his own power. '' ¹⁰² The same event is described in the Turkish translation of Safvetü's-Sâfâ in Sheikh Sâfî tezkiresin: “Pire Ahmed of Bernik narrated; Who should be from Mawlana Ismail? He said: Marağalu Mevlana Izzeddin was the servant of Hazret-i Sheikh (k.s.) and His Holiness Sheikh (k.s.) was busy in the language-pezir word. In the middle of the word he said: Caliphs! Please pray to Hace Sadrettin who was the son of a Turk who took the throne of Sheikh Zahid and my menu place. '' ¹⁰² Safvetü's-Sâfâ, Musahhih: Gulâm-Rızâ Tabâtabâî Mecid, Trans.: Serap Shah, p. 1122 Şeyh Sâfî Permission, p. 826. Fifth quote: "Sheikh (ks) told him about his circumstances, facts and maqam. Emir Abdullah (ra) kept silent for a long time, bowed his head. Then he raised his head and said: O Turkish piri! Our bird of himmet⁹¹ has not flown to this place'⁹²; "The Prophet Sheikh's situation, his circumstances and his pride have ended. Emir Abdullah (r.a.) be religious for an hour, think, let his head down, give up his blessed head, say, 'O Turkish piri! The winter of our service is flying here. '"⁹³ Sixth quote: "Emir Abdullah, about this state of him:" O Turkish priest! From the oriental world to the garb world, the person who can handle this dream and state of you is none other than Sheikh Zahid-i Gilani (k.r). The remedy of your problem is only his irşad healing special "de-di". Seventh quote: "Emir Abdullah saw the suffering of Seyh, he said: O Turkish piri! From the song of the world to the garba, who is the one of your gaze to the act, the hard work of yours to do the Hall, no one is no, Sheikh Ibrahim Zahid Gilani" He said: "O Turkish priest! If you need to get there, nobody should be aware of his grudge, from the moment of his grudge, Özge is no longer": "The reason for saying goodbye was in the presence of the moment. It is wajib to invoke gifts with lemmings. ⁸⁶Safvetü's-Safâ, Musahhih: Gulâm-Rızâ Tabâtabâî Mecid, Trans.: Serap Shah, p.253. Şeyh Sâfî's Permission, p. 67. ⁸⁸Safvetü's-Safa, Musahhih: Gulâm-Rızâ Tabâtabâî Mecid, Translated by: Serap Shah, p.254 Suddenly, suddenly Şeyh Sâfî's Permission, p. 68. ⁹¹Himmet is used to mean only demanding God of the heart; The only intention to demand the God, to demand reward or to fear punishment means to demand the God. ... Sometimes it is also used to mean the end point of the demand. (Kâşânî, 2015, p.567-568) " ⁹²Safvetü's-Safâ, Musahhih: Gulâm-Rızâ Tabâtabâî Mecid, Trans.: Serap Shah, p.259 Şeyh Sâfî's Permission, p. 71. ⁹⁴Safvetü's-Safâ, Musahhih: Gulâm-Rızâ Tabâtabâî Mecid, Trans.: Serap Shah, p. 260. Şeyh Sâfî's Memorandum, pp. 71-73.
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  1940. According to historians and linguists, the Proto-Turkic language originated in Central-East Asia region,[39] potentially in Mongolia or Tuva.[40][41] Initially, Proto-Turkic speakers were potentially both hunter-gatherers and farmers, but later became nomadic pastoralists.[42]
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  1941. Chad Latins vs Virgin Romans
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  1942. 1:46 is not pannonian avar flag :(
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  1943. 14:52 is wrong even kings and generals made video about that topic
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  1944. Roman fire sheep not greek
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  1945. This visionary Sultan, who ascended to the Ottoman throne in 1451, left an indelible mark on the world with his military genius and his grand vision of a vast and powerful empire. Mehmed II was not only a conqueror but also a statesman, an architect, and a patron of the arts, whose achievements would shape the destiny of the Ottoman Empire.
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  1946. Berber empire ?
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  1947. mehrdad 576 Nope,First SELJUKS
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  1948. 😭😭😭
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  1949. He is albanized not albanian Imagehttps://www.notablebiographies.com › ... Muhammad Ali Pasha Biography - life, children, name, history, mother, young ... Often referred to as the founder of modern Egypt, Muhammad Ali Pasha (c. 1769– 1849) was an Ottoman Turkish military leader who ... https://www.notablebiographies.com/amp/supp/Supplement-Mi-So/Pasha-Muhammad-Ali.html He was Turkish by origin and Turkish speaking, yet trained in a European province of the Ottoman Empire, so he brought with him political skills honed in the century-long conflict between the three great empires that disputed control of the Balkans. Commonly called Mehmet Ali, as a young man he worked for a while as a tobacco merchant, before taking a commission in the Ottoman Army. http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/muhammadali.htm Lately however, it has also started to be thought possible that his ancestors were Turkish, and actually migrated from South-East Anatolia.[10] ↑ Abu-Manneh, Butrus. "Mehmed Ali Paşa and Sultan Mahmud II: the genesis of a conflict" (in English) (Article). Turkish Historical Review (Brill Academic Publishers) 1 (1): 5. Template:Citation/identifier. Template:Citation/identifier.
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  1950. Ottoman Emperors and Atatürk for Turkey
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  1951. [They] gave the ruler of China the name "King of Humans," because the people of China are the most obedient of [all] peoples to royal power and the most subject to government. They gave the King of India the name "King of Wisdom" because of his great interest in the sciences (ulum) and his preference for the whole body of knowledge (ma'arif). They gave the King of the Turks the name " King of the Lions', for the courage of the Turks and the vigor of their bravery. They called the king of the Persians the name "King of kings," because of the magnitude of his power and his glory, the excellence of his rank, and the importance of his state; for he subdued the kings of the center of the inhabited world and encompassed, to the exclusion of other kingdoms, the most fertile of climatic regions (aqālīm). They gave the king of the Byzantines the name "King of men", because the Byzantines (rūm) are the people with the most beautiful faces, the best proportioned bodies and the most robust constitution. Ahmad, A.S. ibn and Salgado, M.F. (1999) Libro de las categorías de las naciones: Vislumbres desde el islam clásico sobre la filosofía y la ciencia. Tres cantos: Akal., p.45
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  1952. Enver❤
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  1953. 😐
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  1954. And Richard for me
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  1955. Make video about Alauddin Khalji pls👀
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  1956. Greek was pejorative term in the Roman Empire even Emperors like Justinian the Great insulted them
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  1957. 🇹🇷
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  1958. 6:49 😅 lmao
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  1959. 🤓
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  1960. 🇹🇷
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  1961. Love Kazakhstan from Turkey❤️ Turk bros
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  1962. 🤨
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  1963.  @nenenindonu  Iranians were sold as slaves to central asia by Safavids :-) In the following centuries, a compilation of estimates indicates that Crimean Tatars seized about 1,750,000 Ukrainians, Poles and Russians from 1468 to 1695.137 Crimean export statistics indicate that around 10,000 slaves a year, Indian slaves were also sold in Bukhara and Astrakhan. At the same time, the Safavid Iranians were also sold as slaves, in particular after wars between the Uzbeks and Safavids. Enslavement of Iranians lasted until the mid-nineteenth century, when Russian and British sources spoke of some 10,000 Iranian slaves in Khiva and over 100,000 slaves in the Khivan, Bukharan and Turkmen territories.82 In the eighteenth century, at the markets of Bukhara, Khiva and After Oriental Despotism: Eurasian Growth in a Global Perspective pp.77 As a whole, we can estimate that there were about 200,000 Indian slaves in Bukhara, to which we may add other 200,000 Iranian slaves. After Oriental Despotism: Eurasian Growth in a Global Perspective pp.90
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  1964. Ottomans❤❤❤
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  1965.  @SpartanLeonidas1821  There is plenty of evidence about non-Greek origin of Alexander🤣
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  1966.  @SpartanLeonidas1821  The Macedonians were a neighboring people in the northern Aegean who spoke a language that was similar to Greek yet apparently unintelligible to Greek speakers. After long existence as an Aegean backwater, Macedonia emerged in the mid-fourth century BC to become the most powerful state in the region and eventually the entire eastern Mediterranean world. Over time Greek colonization and military hegemony in the wider Aegean resulted in Hellenic cultural diffusion: the process of assimilation was slow, but by the early fourth century BC the Macedonian royal court had made several significant advances. With its dispersed rural population Macedonia also possessed a greater capacity for military manpower than any individual Greek city-state. Were these resources ever harnessed by an effective king, Macedonia's potential as an Aegean power was considerable. A Short History of the Ancient World by Nicholas K. Rauh (Author), Heidi E. Kraus (Author), John C. Hill (Contributor) p.167 The Macedonians were probably not Greek; scholars are still unsure whether the Macedonian language was an archaic dialect of Greek or an altogether separate language. The Greeks certainly viewed the Macedonians as barbarians, although the Greeks allowed them to participate as “Greeks” in the Olympic games beginning in the fifth century B.C.E. Unlike the Greeks, the Macedonians were mostly rural folk and were organized in tribes, not city-states. Western Civilization: A Brief History 9th Edition by Jackson J. Spielvogel (Author) p.74 Macedon advanced neighbors but capable of learning from them and ultimately of conquering them. Though rich in resources and manpower, Macedon lacked the relatively efficient organization of the polis. Several dialects of Greek were spoken, some unintelligible to southern Greeks, who considered Macedonians "barbarians" (from the Greek barbaros, meaning "a person who does not speak Greek"). Ordinary Macedonians lived hardy lives, while the king and the royal court inhabited a sophisticated capital city, Pella, where they sponsored visits by leading Greek artists and writers. Philip II confounded Greek stereotypes of Macedonian barbarism by turning out to be a brilliant soldier and statesman. He was tough and seemingly unstoppable. Cengage Advantage Books: Western Civilization: Beyond Boundaries, Volume II 7th Edition by Thomas F. X. Noble (Author), Barry Strauss (Author), Duane Osheim (Author), Kristen Neuschel (Author), Elinor Accampo (Author) p.91
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  1967.  @SpartanLeonidas1821  Turkic peoples were living in East Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Buryatia and Northern China in the time of Macedonian Empire lol🤣 Alexander conquered IRANIC peoples Persians, Sogdians, Sakas etc. He never conquered any single Turkic tribe lol
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  1968.  @SpartanLeonidas1821  Hellenic peoples ruled Iranic peoples 300-400 years but Turkic peoples ruled both for 1000 years🤣
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  1969.  @SpartanLeonidas1821  I don’t know if Hellenic or Iranic peoples had better warriors or rulers in history but TURKIC is number one in history according to expert historians
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  1970. Turks > Crusaders
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  1971. Gzt’nin Karaboğa çalışanı olduğunu yeni öğrendim 🐸
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  1972. Pakistan And Turkey
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  1973. Bulgars and Burtas are Turks
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  1974. As the number of evidence of linguistic, ethnographic and socio-political nature show that Bulgars belonged to the group of Turkic peoples.[36][24][26][30] The Bulgars (also Bolgars or proto-Bulgarians[40]) were a semi-nomadic people of Turkic descent, originally from Central Asia, who from the 2nd century onwards dwelled in the steppes north of the Caucasus and around the banks of river Volga (then Itil). https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria Bulgars (< Turkic bulgha- ‘to mix, stir up, disturb’, i.e. ‘rebels’) A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian-Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiongnu (late 3rd cent. ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-820 Many Slavic tribes lived within the boundaries of the state, together with the proto-Bulgarians, a tribe of Turkic origin that had settled in the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 7th century. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boris-I The Bulgars were a Turkic tribal confederation that gave rise to the Balkan Bulgar and Volga Bulgar states.The ethynonym derives from the Turkish bulgha-,”to stir,mix,disturb,confuse.” https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=c788wWR_bLwC&pg=PA354&redir_esc=y&hl=tr#v=onepage&q=Bulgars&f=false (Harvard University Press) The Volga Bulgars, a Turkish tribe then living on the east bank of the Volga River, ... the laws of Islam to the Bulgars, who had recently converted to the religion. http://www.bookrags.com/research/ahmad-ibn-fadlan-ued/#gsc.tab=0 Eastern Bulgars , Bulgars Ancient Turkic people originating in the region n and e of the Black Sea. https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/balkan-states Volga Bulgaria was a northeastern European Turkic state that formed during the 9th century and continued into the first four decades of the 13th century. https://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe009 https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopedia-of-slavic-languages-and-linguistics-online/*-COM_031941 https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-Bulgar+languages https://xn--80ad7bbk5c.xn--p1ai/en/content/brief-history-suvar-bulgars http://bulgarizdat.ru/index.php/book1/article1-1 Bulgars, Eastern bŭl´gärz, –gərz [key], Turkic-speaking people, who possessed a powerful state (10th–14th cent.) at the confluence of the Volga and the Kama, E European Russia. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. Cambridge University Press https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=Ylz4fe7757cC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=proto+bulgars&source=bl&ots=vvGsuu2J3g&sig=ACfU3U2YuPKKdgVQKhoUi2fyDiC99n4N_Q&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiRqIaDlNvmAhWM-yoKHW38DDI4FBDoATAAegQIBRAB#v=onepage&q=proto%20bulgars&f=false
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  1975.  @vanmars5718  There is big difference between Rum and Hellenic The Qur'an includes the Surat Ar-Rum, the sura dealing with "the Romans", sometimes translated as "The Byzantines," reflecting a term now used in the West. These Romans of the 7th century, referred to as Byzantines in modern Western scholarship, were the inhabitants of the surviving Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire. Since all ethnic groups within the Roman empire had been granted citizenship by 212 AD, these eastern peoples had come to label themselves Ρωμιοί or Ῥωμαῖοι Romaioi (Romans), using the word for Roman citizen in the eastern lingua franca of Koine Greek. This citizenship label became "Rûm" in Arabic.
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  1976.  @elenilepouri7253  Heraclian dynasty was also ARMENIAN by ethnicity just like Macedonian dynasy not greek
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  1977.  @elenilepouri7253  Illyrians, Thracians, Assyrians, Arabs, Armenians and Italians and other peoples ruled over greeks in the time of Roman Empire😅
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  1978.  @elenilepouri7253  Saying eastern Romans were Greeks is completely bs and misinterpretation, it equals to saying Pontus Empire, Kushan Empire, Sultanate of Rum were also Hellenic empires or Chinggisid Empire, Chagatai Khanate and Ilkhanates were Turkic empires… by your 31 iq logic Chagatai Khanate was Turkic empire🤣🤣🤣
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  1979. Based Turk police❤
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  1980. The birth of a great innovation and disaster
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  1981.  @Universal..  Mimar Sinan being Albanian 😅😅😅
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  1982. Based Ottoman Empire 🌝
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  1983.  @theegyptianpharaonicking3849  Turks like Tulunids and Bahrids made Egypt Great but Albanian Muhammad Ali Pasha also made egypt powerful
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  1984.  @theegyptianpharaonicking3849  Official language was arabic but court and army language was turkish
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  1985. Middlesex Omar 😂
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  1986. Polemarch They were Turks and their empires in Europe,Middle eastern and central asia before 1000 AD kid😂😂😂 Like Khazars,Bulgars,Huns,Göktürks,Avar khaganate etc. Greeks were under the Roman Empire,Persian Empire,Ottoman Empire,Seljuk Empire,Bulgar Khaganate,Second Bulgarian Empire,German Prussian rulers etc.😂😂😂🤣🤣🤣
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  1987. John They were many Turk tribes and their empires in Europe before the Ottomans like cumans,khazars,bulgars,avars,uzes, pechenegs,huns etc. even göktürks reached some parts of europe
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  1988. JÜPİTER birleşik gezegenleri Even the rulers of Slavic state named Second Bulgarian Empire were Cumans
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  1989. JÜPİTER birleşik gezegenleri Also i missed Cumania and Kipchak Khanate
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  1990. JÜPİTER birleşik gezegenleri Ruling class of Russia and Bulgaria were never slavic😂😂 in history
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  1991. JÜPİTER birleşik gezegenleri Also Cossacks are Turks according to their old chronicles,but they speak slavic
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  1992. Although the Ayyubids are a hybrid family, the state is a Turkish state in all aspects. Two eulogies written to Selahattin Eyyubi are clearly indicated. One of them is the following couplets in the work named "Müferricü'l Kürûb" written due to the conquest of Aleppo: "The Arab nation was glorified with the state of the Turks. The case of Ehl-i Salib (crusaders) was devastated by the son of Ayyub. " Another ode is the following verses in the work named "Fevâtu'l Vefeyât" written on the occasion of the conquest of Akkâ: "Praise be to God that the Crusader state was devastated. Islam has been glorified with the Turks! " … Selahattin Eyyubi's ancestors first appeared in Basra. Basra is one of the cities established after the Kadisiye victories. Among the immigrants who came and settled here during the governorship of Muğire bin Shu'be, there are also Ravvadis from Yemen. Selahattin's first known ancestors migrated from Yemen to Basra, and comes from the Ezd tribe, who are praised in hadith-i sharifs. Two generations later, in 758, their main name is called Ravvad bin el Müsenna al-Ezdi. During this period, they were taken from Basra by the Abbasid Caliph Abu Ja'far al Mansur and settled in lower Azerbaijan with his tribe. Selahattin's ancestors are now in Tabriz region. Ravvadis are Sunni. Therefore, they confuse with the Sunni Hezbâniyye Kurds, not with the Shiite Azeris. They live in Duvin, also known as Ecdânakan town of Dvin. Today, Dvin, which is in the territory of Armenia, still preserves its feature of being a historical place. This is where Selahattin Eyyubi's first Arab ancestors first mixed with the Kurds. They buy and give girls from Hezbâniyye Kurds who have settled in this region before. Kinship ties develop. Four generations later, the Ravvadis regard themselves as a branch of the Hezbaniye tribe. Revvâdîs who mixed with Hezbâniyye Kurds and became Kurds, XI. In the second half of the century, they entered the service of the Seljuks and gradually became a mixture of Arab-Kurdish-Turkish. Seljuk Sultan Muhammed Tapar in the first conquest periods of Islam in Anatolia; it makes them return to Iraq again. They settle in Tikrit castle, 80 km north of Baghdad, where there are wet and fertile lands. The main reason for this immigration is to avoid harassment and oppression of Christians, Russians, Abaza and Georgians. By migrating back to Iraq, they find both a safe and comfortable environment and large pastures for herds. Sultan; He first brought Selahattin's grandfather Marwan and his father Şazi to the Governorship of Tikrit due to the harmony, obedience and ability of the Ravvadis. Ravvadis serve the people fairly and the state sincerely. About Selahattin Eyyubi, there is also that Arab poets of the time did not know his Arab origin and praised him as a “Turk”. In an ode written for Selahattin after the conquest of Aleppo, it is stated as follows: “… The state of the Turks and the Arab nation were exalted. The attack of Ahli Salib was devastated by the hand of Eyyub's son ... " German Emperor II. While Wilhelm visited Jerusalem and its surroundings under Ottoman rule, he also visited Selahattin in Umayyad Mosque in Damascus. By printing a visit plaque on his behalf, he expresses his admiration by saying "I am here in front of the grave of Sultan Selahattin, the most heroic soldier of all time". Bidaye ve'n Nihaye, Ibn Kesir Ebu'l Fida Ismail b. Ömer, (nsr. C.J. Tomberg), I-XII, Beirut, 1965 al Kamil fi't History, Ibn Esir, Beirut-1995 Müferricü'l Kürûb Fî Ahbâri Beni Ayyub, Ibn Vâsıl, thk. Cemâleddîn al-Febbâl, Cairo-1953. Fevatü'l Vefeyât, Abu Abdillâh Saâhuddîn Muhammed b. Shakir b. Ahmed al-Kutubi, Daru'l Kutbi'l Ilmiyye, Beirut-2000 Saladin: The Politics of Holy War, M.C. Lyons and D.E.P. Jackson, Cambridge-1982 Ayyubid Architechture, Terry Allen, Chapter 3, California- 2003
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  1993.  Hassan Abdulsalam  alkurdi is just title🙃 like rûmi
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  1994.  Hassan Abdulsalam  Mevlana Celaleddin Rûmi(Rum means Roman-Anatolian)
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  1995.  Hassan Abdulsalam  Zahid Gilani who was kurdish sheikh gave his daughter to Safialdin
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  1996. Turkey Macedonia
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  1997. Crying Germanic noises
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  1998. There are 3 million Albanians in Turkey that’s why 😅
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  1999. Volga bulgaria is another turkey
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  2000. ATRAK and TURKIYYA as relating to the Ottomans and their Like in the Mamlük Sources The names turk and atrak as designating the Mamlüks have lasted up to the very end of the Mamlük sultanate. The Ottomans, their state, and their lands have other names in the Mamlük sources. Even during their conquest of Syria and Egypt the Ottomans are called Uthmaniyya, rüm (or arwüm), and quite frequently taräkima or turkmän." However, atrāk and turkiyya in connection with the Turkish speaking peoples and their lands in and about Anatolia do appear in those sources, albeit very rarely. Already Ibn Fadl Allah al-Umari, in the first half of the fourteenth century, speaks about mamlakat al-atrak bil-rum and bilad al-aträk bil-rüm. A later historian of the mid-fifteenth century, Ibn Taghribirdi, calls those lands al-turkiya, biläd al-turkiyya, and barr al-turkiyya, in connection with the import of wood and flour from Iljün and the supplying by sea of the Mamluk forces fighting the Turkmen Shāh Siwar.¹
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  2001. Turkey?????
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  2002. Hattians❤️
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  2003.  @GoodBadCo  🐸
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  2004. YoohAmia😅
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  2005. 😭
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  2006. 1568-1570 Astrakhan Expedition (Russian Victory) [1] 1571, Fire of Moscow=Turk win 1572 Battle of Molodism (Russian Victory) [3] The Ottoman-Russian War of 1676-1681=Turk win 1686-1700 Ottoman-Russian War (Russian Victory) [5] 1710-1711 Prut war =Turk win 1768-1774 Ottoman-Russian War (Russian Victory) [9] 1735-1739 Ottoman-Russian-Austrian War=Turk win 1787-1792 Ottoman-Russian War (Russian Victory) [10] 1806-1812 Ottoman-Russian War=Turk win Ottoman-Russian War of 1806-1812 (Russian Victory) [11] The Crimean War of 1853-1856 =Turk win Ottoman-Russian War of 1828-1829 (Russian Victory) [13] 1914-1917 World War I Caucasus Front=Turk win.Although the battles were won, the Ottomans had no use as they lost World War I. The Ottoman-Russian War of 1877-1878 (Russian Victory) [15] So the victories and defeats are almost the same.Moreover, the Ottoman Empire was not technologically more powerful.it was also a very Great state that had received 30 years tax from Ottoman America.Although 625 years was a foreign race in Europe, it challenged the whole world.In the Ottoman Empire, the era of technology began to collapse.they believed in their military success, but what was important was military technology.
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  2007. In history, “Turkish people” are famous for their strength, there is even a French expression referring to it: Il est fort comme un Turc = He is strong as a Turkish.
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  2008. Btw Arabic and Turkic historical sources referred them as Rum (Roman) and not Greek as sometimes claimed😂 Rashidun, Umayyad, Abbasid, Fatimid, Seljuk and Ottoman sources didn’t give anything about Roman Empire being a greek state😅
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  2009. Btw Ottomans never used the word Greek(Yunan) for Rums, they always distinguished Hellenes and Rums since they are not ethnically same. Rums like Pontics, Cappadocians and Urums are Hellenized Anatolic populations who are only 1-2% Hellenic. The Greeks love to distort history and spread fringe theories because most of their history was under the yoke of the Turks and Romans. And they have to fill this gap somehow :-) Know that if there is a little Hellenic influence in a state or society, the Greeks will immediately claim it as Hellenic empire or x greeks.
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  2010. The Name-list of the Bulgar Khans is the earliest annalistic record of the pagan Bulgars south of the Danube. It was composed in Greek, most likely on stone. Its first segment was most likely completed during the reign of Asparuch, the ruler who led the settlement on Byzantine territory south of the Danube in the early 680s, and then it was added to until the mid-eighth century. In the late ninth or early tenth century it was translated into Old Slavonic (Bulgar- ian) language and is currently preserved in three Old Russian copies in the compilation Letopisec elinski i rimski, dating from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. The Name List contains unique evidence about the cyclical calendar of the Bulgars, which has been linked to the calendars of other Central Asian Turkic peoples and the Chinese calendar, about early Bulgar language and culture, the Bulgars' mythical ties to the Huns, the steppe people prominent during the Great Migrations, the Bulgar state tradition, the migration south of the Danube, the custom of stone annalistic, and the eight-century dynastic changes.
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  2011. Later in the Middle Ages the Turks arrived , those great warriors and conquerors . The Byzantines lost Asia Minor to them and were unable to prevent them from crossing to Europe . The Ottoman Turks conquered the entire Balkan region to the Danube and even beyond , crowning their successes with the capture of Constantinople in 1453 , an event that stunned the western world . They occupied most of Hungary ; Vienna was under threat . Where would they stop ? The Christian world , both western and Byzantine , had certainly every reason to fear Islam . The Light and the Dark: The dualism of the Christian and Muslim worlds during the Middle Ages, Petrus Franciscus Maria Fontaine, p.90
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  2012. Jazzar Pasha❤
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  2013. 🫠
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  2014.  @Orgil.  Area under the Golden Horde rule got pretty much Turkified including mongols themselves. Even the rulers were not real chinggisids.
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  2015. 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
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  2016. Great video like always 👍
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  2017. Turks like Zengids, Seljuks, Ottomans and Bahrids destroyed most Crusader states and remnants as well.
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  2018. lovelyartin Adam and eve is iranian too... Dumb paniranist
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  2019. lovelyartin %99 of your claims are lies like your fake history😅😅😅first turkic alphabet is tiele turkic origin and old bulgarians are turkic.croats,bulgarians and serbians are %100 slavic origin it is for sure Bulgars (Turkic bulgha-'to mix, stir up, disturb', i.e. 'rebels') A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiungnu and subsequently by warfare between the Rouran/Avar and northern Wei states. in Oliver Nicholson, The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity, Oxford University Press, 2018, ISBN 0192562460, p. 271.
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  2020. Lol
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  2021. Nice Italic state not Hellenic
    3
  2022. There mustn't be a better example of a 'moving' ethno-linguistic group than the Turkic peoples. They started out from Eastern Siberia (Mongolia, Altai) and now are main ethnic constituents of various countries, like Turkey, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, etc.
    3
  2023. Köti bir virüs tır
    3
  2024.  @samitori9854  They are languages not dialects, even Kurmanji itself has many dialects.
    3
  2025.  @PIXELGamerzXvlogs  Sinitic and Arabic are already not single languages
    3
  2026.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  almost everybody became sad after their invasions :-)
    3
  2027.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  Khwarezmians defeated and massacred Mongols and Georgians 2 times they were amazing except battle of indus and yassıçemen
    3
  2028. Happy English noises
    3
  2029. Türk var mı diye arıyordum
    3
  2030.  @HannoBarca_814  çok bi tarihleri yok zaten de ben biliyorum az çok yabancı mapping videoları sağ olsun :)
    3
  2031. Hungry Shark👀
    3
  2032.  @karubnalpak1833  cap
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  2033.  @wankawanka3053  but he didn’t fail to take Greek women🤣
    3
  2034. Turkic > Indic > Dravidic
    3
  2035.  @lambert801  what a gibberish you even wrote🤣
    3
  2036. Qaghan and Khan are Turkic words not mongolic,mongolic langauges have many turkic words
    3
  2037. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🦈🦈🦈
    3
  2038. Botwitter
    3
  2039. Turkish sultans were known in the West as great warriors and conquerors , but they were also famous for killing the other members of their nuclear family and for suddenly ordering the execution of trusted advisors .
    3
  2040. 🤨🧐
    3
  2041. Elizabeth the Cuman
    3
  2042. Murat Durmaz Sanırım etnik ifade olarak değil de tarihi bir terim/gelenek olarak kullanmış
    3
  2043. Timurid Turk Şaka gibi ya türk devleti değilmiş de fars moğol devletiymiş😂😂😂 Harvard bile yüzlerce kez yazdı türklüklerini bunlar neyin kafasında Wikipedia=Propaganda
    3
  2044.  @zeyneptankoglu4385  Xiongnu and Turks (Gokturks) are both Turkic peoples
    3
  2045. While its true that there was some controversy about the origin of the Huns, the consensus after recent decades is that they were Turks of Oghuric affiliation, mostly based on credible studies confirming that the vast majority of attested Hunnic names, as well as all Hunnic successor clans are of evident Oghur Turkic origin. All Hunnic tribes (entirely Oghur Turkic) : Akatziri, Onogurs, Utigurs, Sabirs, Bulgars, Saragurs, Kutrigurs, Barsils Recorded Hunnic names of Turkic origin : Aigan = moon prince; from Turkic aï & can Alp Ilutuer / Ilteber = heroic chieftain; from Turkic alp & iltäbär Althias = six; from Turkic Alti Akkagas = white rock; from Turkic ak & kayač Atakam = elder shaman; from Turkic ata & kam Balach = calf; from Turkic Malaq Berik = strong; from Turkic Berık Basik = governor; from Turkic Bârsiğ Bleda = wise; from Turkic Bildä Bochas = either gullet; from Turkic Boğuz; or bull, from Buqa Dengizich = ocean-like, heavenly; from Turkic teɲez & dêɲri; or, more simply, great lake Donat / Donatu = horse; from Turkic Yonat Edeco = good; from Turkic Ädgü Ellac = to rule; from Turkic el & lä Emmedzur = horse lord; from Turkic Ämäcur Eskam / Esqam = companion of the shaman; from Turkic Eŝkam Hereka / Kreka = pure princess; from Turkic Arïqan Ernakh / Hernac = small man, heroic man; from Turkic Ernäk Iliger = prince man; from Turkic ilig & är Karadach = black mountain; from Turkic Qaradağ Karaton = black cloak; from Turkic Qarâton Kursik = either noble; from Turkic Kürsiğ; or belt-bearer, from Qurŝiq Kutilzis = blessed herald; from Turkic kut & elči Mundzuk = bead; from Turkic Munčuq Oebarsius / Aybars = moon leopard, from Turkic Aïbârs; or dun leopard, from oy & bars Oldogan / Odolgan = either red falcon; from Turkic al & dogan; or chubby, from Tolgun Oktar / Uptar = brave; from Turkic Öctär Ruga / Rua = wise man; from Turkic Ögä Turgun = still/calm; from Turkic Turkun Uldin = six; from Turkic Alti Zolban = shepherd star; from Turkic Čolpan.
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  2046. Turkey -40
    3
  2047. Nordics
    3
  2048. Delhi Sultanate 🇹🇷
    3
  2049. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
    3
  2050. Nightmare of Europeans
    3
  2051. Kurds speak 6-7 different languages but they want to unite😅
    3
  2052. Of all the peoples represented in the armies of Islam none would surpass in importance the Turks , destined to become the warrior race par excellence of the Muslim world .
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  2053. Good topic
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  2054. @Peter what an autistic propaganda kid🤣🤣
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  2055.  @theegyptianpharaonicking3849  he was Turk from Khwarezmian dynasty btw persianate means persian speaking not persian
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  2056.  @theegyptianpharaonicking3849  Saif ad-Din Qutuz (Arabic: سيف الدين قطز‎; died 24 October 1260), also romanized as Kutuz, Kotuz,[1] and fully al-Malik al-Muẓaffar Sayf ad-Dīn Quṭuz (الملك المظفر سيف الدين قطز), was the third or fourth[a] of the Mamluk Sultans of Egypt in the Turkic line.[3][4][5] Qutuz was a Turkic prince from Iran.[7][8][9] Qutuz was from khwarezmian dynasty who had oghuz origin
    3
  2057. I wish the Ottomans had colonized. It would be a much larger empire then.
    3
  2058. Anti Gauchistes https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Acre_(1799)
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  2059. Anti Gauchistes French=Romance German=Germanic not same peoples
    3
  2060. The ancestors of the Indo-Turkic people migrated to South Asia at the time of the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire. The Delhi Sultanate is a term used to cover five short-lived, Delhi-based kingdoms three of which were of Turkic origin in medieval India. These Turkic dynasties were the White Huns, Ghaznavids, Delhi Sultanate, Mamluk dynasty (Delhi), Khalji dynasty, Tughlaq dynasty, Bengal Sultanate, Adil Shahi dynasty, Bidar Sultanate, Qutb Shahi dynasty, Timurids, Deccan sultanates, Mughal Empire, Oudh State, Nawabs of Bengal and Murshidabad, Hyderabad State, Khanate of Kalat, Makran (princely state), Banganapalle State, Amb (princely state), Chitral (princely state), Phulra, Hunza (princely state), Nagar (princely state), Carnatic Sultanate. Southern India also saw many Turkic origin dynasties like the Bahmani Sultanate, the Adil Shahi dynasty, the Bidar Sultanate, and the Qutb Shahi dynasty, collectively known as the Deccan sultanates. The Mughal Empire was a Turkic-founded Indian empire that, at its greatest territorial extent, ruled most of the South Asia, including Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and parts of Uzbekistan from the early 16th to the early 18th centuries. The Mughal dynasty was founded by a Chagatai Turkic prince named Babur (reigned 1526–30), who was descended from the Turkic conqueror Timur (Tamerlane) on his father's side and from Chagatai, second son of the Mongol ruler Genghis Khan, on his mother's side.Mughals who have Turkic ancestry live in the Indian subcontinent in significant numbers. Karlugh Turks are also found in the Haraza region and in smaller number in Azad Kashmir region of Pakistan. Small number of Uyghurs are also present in India. Many Turks also live in Hyderabad known as Deccani Muslims they have Arab, Afghan, Persian, and Turkic ancestries in addition to having the local dravidian heritage. There is also a significant population an Warriors Status used by Turkic descendants known as Rowther, who are mostly found in Southern India.[1]
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  2061. L-Mao
    3
  2062. Writing in the ninth century, the Arab historian al-Jahiz captured the awe with which outsiders viewed these fighters: If a thousand of their [Turks’] horse join battle and let off a single shower of arrows, they can mow down a thousand [Arabs’] horse. No army can withstand this kind of assault. The Kharajites and the Bedouin have no skill worth mentioning in shooting from horseback, but the Turk can shoot at beasts, birds, hoops, men, sitting quarry, dummies and birds on the wing, and do so at full gallop to fore or to rear, to left or to right, upwards or downwards, loosing ten arrows before the Kharajite can nock one ... and if they do turn their back,they are to be feared as much as deadly poison and sudden death; for their arrows hit the mark as much when they are retreating as when they are advancing.18 RICHARD M. EATON. India in the Persianate Age, 1000–1765 by Richard Eaton .
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  2063. Where is the Ottoman Morocco?
    3
  2064. archduke Not too much as sometimes claimed,only %1,5 lol
    3
  2065. mehrdad 576 It is a hellenic name kid
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  2066. mehrdad 576 👦🏻 ok boomer,don’t cry
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  2067.  @iloveyoushima  🤣
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  2068. Do you have any plan to make some famous singers and actors too? 🤨
    3
  2069. In a strictly historical sense, however, it is most frequently used for the Turkic (mainly Kipchak) tribes who constituted the bulk of the Mongol army that invaded Russia in the early thirteenth century.
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  2070. Greeks > Persians😂
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  2071. Waiting for Manchu history be like 👀
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  2072. Bulgolia
    3
  2073.  @HistoryHustle  Bulgolian Horde 👀👀👀
    3
  2074. THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot." Halman, T. and Warner, J., 2007. Rapture and revolution. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, Crescent Hill Publications, p.9.
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  2075. 🐸
    3
  2076. The Ottomans never broke off from their Turkishness They were born as Turks They grew up and died The recruits also those who did not drop their languages Why do you not see Orestes, Onegesius, Aremmel, Scotta etc next to Attila? It is written that it is given to the Turks and raised. These men are more Turkic than you. Again, the method of mankurtization was famous in the pre-Islamic Turks. It can be called a different model of re-used mankurtization. He also defends if Plato, one of the great philosophers. Likewise, Nizamülmülk is the same. The Ottoman Devshirme System The greatest example of Cultural Imperialism is to excommunicate the Valide sultans from Turkishness. For such a thing to happen, it is necessary to go back to the ages before Christ. Mo-tu Yabgu proposes to the Chinese queen. Chinese İçing Hatun married father and two sons and three Göktürk kagan. If we think in terms of the Valide, the German kings should not have been German but French Napoleon should have been Italian. But today it can only be laughed at. The British, who do not even speak English, adopt the death of Arslan Heart (!) Richard. Apart from that, Valide sultans knew Turkish. There were even those who wrote Turkish poems. Hoca Sâdeddin Efendi: In the eyes of the enemy, he would be a brave Turkish soldier like Efrasyâp, the Turkish soldier whose victories were shadowed 1.Murad Han: I hope I will show him Turkish mastery when I arrive. . In fact, whether the Osmanoğulları came from Turks or Turks from Osmanoğulları, it cannot be distinguished. Our Ottoman Haned is not a custom-made dynasty that was invited from Europe or the land for a state. It is personally institutional and loyal. 2. Abdülhamit: I am Turkish, I will remain Turkish. 5.Mehmed Reşad: I am the Ottoman Sultan, the Caliph of Islam, but first of all, I am the Turkish Hakan. Barbaros Hayreddin Pasha: These Arabs do not know the art of war. They think that looting in the desert is the same as fighting as an army. While the Spanish infidel, who knows the art of war, has always been defeated by the Turkish levent, it is not known by what reason these Arab tribes will appear before the Turks and become miserable. Because in them, human life is very worthless. Instead of knowing their worship, they say 'everything is from God' and die stupidly. There are expressions praising Turkishness among Ottoman historians. For example, Aşıkpaşazâde, while describing Süleyman Pasha, says "The age of the Turks became a Turk". While Hodja Sadeddin describes the Ottoman conquests in his work, he praises the Turkish army with expressions such as "Turkish valiant", "Turkish soldiers who overshadowed their victories". Mehmed Neşrî, in his book, became angry when Murad I invited the Serbian King to the new war and expresses that the sultan was proud of Turkishness by saying "I hope I show him Turkish masculinity". In the work titled Gazavât-ı Sultan Murad, it is emphasized that "the war pioneer of the Turkish soldier, how the infidels who previously spoke forward against the Turks could not stand and fled". Tâcizâde Cafer Çelebi referred to the Ottoman soldiers in the period of Fatih as the "Muzaffer Turkish Army". Solakzade, one of the historians of the 17th century, positively refers to the Turkish name in its historical place and refers to Cem Sultan as "the son of the Turk who conquered Constantinople, the son of the Turkish sultan". Gelibolulu Mustafa Ali, one of the greatest historians of the 16th century, describes the Turkish tribes in the history of the world named "Künhü'l-Ahbâr" and mentions these as "elite nation, beautiful ummah". When Tahsin Pasha mentions the Söğüt Regiment in his memoirs, he mentions it as "the Karakeçili squadron, whose blood is circulating with the clean and blessed blood of the Turkish generation". Apart from these, such positive expressions can be found in the works of many Ottoman historians. Apart from salads, there is an emphasis on Turkishness in many of our poets. The Ottomans always accept as the successor of Oğuz Han. There is also evidence showing that there is a Turkish consciousness in the palace. Today we have many Uighur Turkish texts thought to have been written in the period of Fatih. In the field of miniature, it is obvious instead of the Uighurs. In addition, Bostancı aghas and kazask specialists, who could speak privately to the sultan, were made up of Turks. Again, 131 sheikhs served in Ottoman history from 1425 to 1922. 122 of them are Egyptian, Turkish. Reîsülküttâblar and marksmen may have more than 40 Turkish and more than 20. 54 of them may be Turkish and 27 of them may be Turkish. Again, more than 100 (some of them possible) of the most important positions are of Turkish origin. There is even the phenomenon of Turkishness in the recruited. Pargali Ibrahim Pasha told the envoy of Ferdinand, "How sharp and how far the Turks have penetrated their weapons, because many times on how many of you are." he said. The captains and levend in the Ottoman geography of Algeria were all Turks. Barbaros established a janissary system in Algeria. However, this was different from the one in Istanbul. Among the Ottoman rulers, Murat II is the greatest Turkist. His translation and copyright has been published in many books. He was Turkish scholar, poet, etc. Yazicioglu Ali Efendi's Tevarih-i Al-i Selcuk. U, Danişmendname of Molla Arif, Hüsrev and Şirin by Şeyhî and Kabusname of Mercimek Ahmet are among the important sources of the period. Murat II is an open supporter of Turkish. He found the Turkish of Kabusnâme's translation before Mercimek Ahmet badly. the annex was repeated to Ahmet. There is a calendar in 1297 in the manuscripts in Sulaymaniyah. This calendar is an English calendar presented to Murat II. This calendar was royalty in 843. In this calendar, the rulers of Chingiz lineage such as Chingiz, Ögedey, Küyük, Mengü and Hülegü were remembered with respect. Another aspect of this calendar is that it commemorates two rival principalities such as Karaman and Kadı Burhanettin with respect. Bedizzaman Mirza, the son of the ruler of Turkistan, Hüseyin Baykara, sat on the throne for a while after the death of his father, but when the Timurid dynasty was destroyed, he came to Istanbul via Iran and became the guest of Yavuz Sultan Selim. Yavuz gives great compliments to Bediuzzaman Mirza. Until he died in Istanbul from an epidemic in 1516, he was revered, and in a rumor, it is said that Yavuz Sultan Selim seated Bediuzzaman Mirza on the throne he had placed with him. During the reign of Yavuz Sultan Selim, an alliance was made between the Ottoman and Turkestan khanates against the Safavids, and even the ruler of Turkistan, Şeybani Han, was killed in the war with Shah Ismail. The Safavids dominated Turkistan for a while. Körkünçü Han, which was the Özbek Han, ended this domination. The first official correspondence between the Ottoman Empire and Turkistan coincides with this time. In this first official correspondence, Yavuz Sultan Selim informed the Çaldıran victory with a name to Körkünçü Han. The positive continues in the following periods of Ottoman-Turkistan. Sokullu Mehmet Pasha had considered the Don-Volga project to unite with Turkestan Turks, and the project failed when he appointed an incompetent man to head the project. But the relations are not cut in the continuation. During the reign of Abdulaziz, Yakup Han recognized the metbu and sent help. Prince Abdülkerim Efendi was also seated on the throne of Japan's History Turkistan. The Uyghur Turks rebelled against the Chinese with Abdülkerim Efendi. They had some success. However, the conditions were very unfavorable. Prince Abdülkerim Efendi was assassinated in New York. The Uighurs were very angry with this situation. In addition, when you look at İsmail İsmâil Hâmî Dânişmend's Annotated Ottoman history chronology, the majority of the Ottoman men are Turkish.Also, in the Book of Aşıkpaşazade, it does not emphasize that the Christian soldiers are your army, I guess you do not know the Sıpah, you do not know the Ottoman Army, the Suvari part Nerade, all the Turkish Type Infantry, even the sultan's guard. Sipahis are unique and Turkish. Even in the Histories of Western Universities, the Ottoman Empire is described as the imperialist state of the Turks. It is mentioned that the Ottomans made a Turkish race in the Balkans.
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  2077. Патриот_маКет0 Hungary is also too small to compare old hungary
    3
  2078. Many Turk states in video 😻😻😻
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  2079. 😐
    3
  2080. Turkic history❤ best history of all time
    3
  2081. Turks ruled Anatolia before Seljuks
    3
  2082. The Turks were considered as the best warriors due to their horsemanship and skill in archery. Kaushik Roy., n.d. Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400-1750: Cavalry, Guns, Government and Ships (Bloomsbury Studies in Military History). p.24. While there is much more than this to the Turks, it is true that Turks rank among history's great empire-builders and rulers. Under the Ottomans they conquered vast territories in the Balkans and the Middle East and ruled for six hundred years. Turkey Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments pp.30
    3
  2083. Happy Ottomo-Austro-Hungaro-Bulgaro-German noises
    3
  2084. Those Albanians were all Turkified, many of them didn’t even know Albanian language.
    3
  2085.  @Bolghar_wolf  Authors are Bulgarian 😂😂🤣🤣🤣 Look at some REAL sources kid Around 4% of Bulgarian genes are derived outside of Europe and the Middle East or are of undetermined origin (by 858 CE), of which 2.3% are from Northeast Asia and correspond to Asian tribes such as Bulgars,[13] a consistent very low frequency for Eastern Europe as far as Uralic-speaking Hungarians. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_studies_on_Bulgarians Science, 14 February 2014, Vol. 343 no. 6172, p. 751, A Genetic Atlas of Human Admixture History, Garrett Hellenthal at al.: " CIs. for the admixture time(s) overlap but predate the Mongol empire, with estimates from 440 to 1080 CE (Fig.3.) In each population, one source group has at least some ancestry related to Northeast Asians, with ~2 to 4% of these groups total ancestry linking directly to East Asia. This signal might correspond to a small genetic legacy from invasions of peoples from the Asian steppes (e.g., the Huns, Magyars, and Bulgars) during the first millennium CE." https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4209567/figure/F3/
    3
  2086.  @Bolghar_wolf  Bulgars have absolutely nothing to do with Slavic or Balkanic peoples it is for sure However, given the common Turkic genetic background of the Bulgars and Khazars, these ethnicities may be difficult to tell apart either archaeologically or genetically. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2019.12.15.876912v1.full.pdf Population genetic analysis indicated that Conquerors had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-53105-5
    3
  2087. erdaltv aynen
    3
  2088. https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/time-in-early-modern-islam/safavid-mughal-and-ottoman-empires/9D55F0A0262017473EC8A9A7ED86C508/core-reader The three Islamic empires of the early modern period – the Mughal, the Safavid, and the Ottoman – shared a common Turko-Mongolian heritage. In all three the ruling dynasty was Islamic, the economic system was agrarian, and the military forces were paid in grants of land revenue. Despite these similarities, however, significant differences remained. And, to fully appreciate the individual temporal systems, a brief description of the political, economic, religious, and cultural conditions in each state is necessary. Within the confines of a single chapter, however, it is not possible to review all of the literature and settle all of the controversies. As a result, the brief overview that follows depends, for the most part, on the most recent general histories and surveys.
    3
  2089. Egypt won , Respect from Turkey
    3
  2090. Auspicious Incident 🌝
    3
  2091. Ismet Inönü is one of the worst leaders of Turkey
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  2092. Based job Kazakhstan 🌝
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  2093. Battle of Tumu 🤣🤣😂😂
    3
  2094. Turkic peoples like Khaljis and Ghaznavids made millions of Indic peoples Muslims
    3
  2095. 👁👄👁
    3
  2096. Ottogigachads❤
    3
  2097. 6-7
    3
  2098. 🐸
    3
  2099. Turco-Nordic Wars in fact :-)))
    3
  2100.  @Mahmodfarag  Bahri were, Burji weren’t
    3
  2101.  @wankawanka3053  😂😂😂
    3
  2102.  @ryansmith8345  Why you didn’t mention other important titles that used by Ottomans like Khan/Khagan/Hakan, Alp, Bey, Bagatur, Ghazi, Caesar etc.😅 You are literally manipulating history according to your wishes.
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  2103. El Bandito 150000 men in ain jalut according to you🤣🤣 no lol 15000 vs 10000
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  2104. You missed Nader Shah
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  2105. GÖRDÜÜÜÜM :)
    3
  2106. THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot." Halman, T. and Warner, J., 2007. Rapture and revolution. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, Crescent Hill Publications, p.9.
    3
  2107. There were 4 nations which have managed to defeat the 1200's Mongols in war ; Javanese (Majapahit), Turks (Khalji & Bahri Mamluks), Japanese, Vietnamese (Dai Viet). Mongols of the first half of the 13th century however were unstoppable Major nations destroyed by the Mongols ; -Jin(Tungusic) -Khwarezmids(Turkic) -Souther Song(Sinitic) -Kara Khitais(Khitanic) -Cumania(Turkic) -Kievan Rus(Germanic and Slavic) -Seljuk Rum(Turkic) -Abbasids(Arabic) -Western Xia(Qiangic) -Volga Bulgaria(Turkic)
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  2108.  @yaqubleis6311  source your sister🤣
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  2109.  @yaqubleis6311  keep coping about more than 1500 years of Turkic rule on Iranics whose languages are all mutually unintelligible 👁️👅👁️ By the end of the tenth century, with the Qarākhānid Turks conquering Sāmānid Central Asia and ushering in a millennium of Turkic rule across Iran and much of the Islamic World, the dynamic of the frontier had changed qualitatively. The Eastern Frontier: Limits of Empire in Late Antique and Early Medieval Central Asia (Early and Medieval Islamic World) Hardcover – June 27, 2019 The new cities were predominantly Muslim , and Iran became one of the most influential regions of Muslim intellectual activity . From around 1000 on the independent Iranian dynasties rapidly gave way to new dynasties of Turkic origin . Embree, A.T. (1988) Encyclopedia of Asian history. New York: C. Scribner's Sons. P.156 In fact, Turkic-speaking peoples have played a major role in Iranian history, ruling the country from the eleventh century up to the early twentieth. Even today they represent more than a quarter of Iran's population. Foltz, R. (2016) Iran in world history. Oxford etc.: Oxford University Press. p.61 Homa Katouzian, "Iranian history and politics", Published by Routledge, 2003. p. 128: "Indeed, since the formation of the Ghaznavids state in the tenth century until the fall of Qajars at the beginning of the twentieth century, most parts of the Iranian cultural regions were ruled by Turkic-speaking dynasties most of the time. The Azerbaijanis derive in part from a heritage of Turkic rule over Iran, during most of the past 1,000 years. Iran adopted the Shi'a version of Islam under the rule of the Safavid Azerbaijani Turks beginning in 1500. The Turkic Qajar Dynasty (1779–1924) controlled all of present-day Iran and extensive territory in the Caucasus and Central Asia. When Colonel Reza Khan Pahlavi overthrew the Qajars, he promoted Persian language, culture, and identity at the expense of Azeri Turkish. Zartman, J.K. (2020) Conflict in the modern middle east: An encyclopedia of Civil War, Revolutions, and regime change. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. p.136
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  2110. Many Turkic empires in video 😍
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  2111. Türks👊
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  2112.  @WarAndHistory.  both Greeks and Macedonians were Hellenic peoples but still different as much as Danish and German or Turkish and Chuvash, because they spoke mutually unintelligible languages
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  2113.  @ryansmith8345  🤣🤣🤣😅😅😅 Persians can’t understand Pashtun, Ossetian, Yaghnobi, Sogdian etc.
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  2114.  @ryansmith8345  There is like 3% mutual intelligibility among them🤣 and the reason is common loanwords
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  2115.  @ryansmith8345  Azerbaijani Turkic is 95% understandable for Istanbul Turkic🤣 and kazakh is about 35-40% how about pashtun and persian🤣 3-4% lol
    3
  2116.  @theegyptianpharaonicking3849  i have never seen any turkish person who hates egyptians but these guys understood your comments completely wrong
    3
  2117.  @theegyptianpharaonicking3849  They think that you are a sisi lover and insulting Turkey
    3
  2118.  @Какой-тоКактус  Napoleon called himself Nader Shah of Europe, whereas Nader called himself Second Alexander.
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  2119. Nader Shah was one of the greatest Turkic warriors in history
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  2120. Timeline videos , one of the my favorite series.
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  2121. Arab dominance did not, however, continue in the political sphere, and one may describe the premodern history of Islam as falling into three periods of political regime. Until the tenth cen- tury, most regions of Islamdom were under the rule of Arabs; in the 10th and 11th centuries, many regions came under the rule of Persians; and from the 11th until the 19th century, almost all areas of the Muslim world were ruled by ethnic Turks or Mongols, whose dominance continued in the Middle East until World War I and the abolishment of the Ottoman Empire in 1924. For nearly a millennium in the Persianate world, the upper echelons of society were seen as divided along ethnic lines into Turks, who constituted the military and ruling class, and Tajiks, Persians, or non-Turks, who were the administrators, accountants, tax-collectors, and land owners. The division was viewed as natural and not unfair because Turks and Mongols were considered ethnically suited to military exploits because of their sturdiness, fierce nature, ability to endure hardship, and superior skills in horsemanship and archery. Even in contexts where Turks did not make up the bulk of the military, rul- ers often used troops belonging to foreign ethnic groups because of their military skills, internal solidarity, lack of attachment to the local populace, and direct allegiance to the ruler. The Fatimids in Egypt (969-1171) employed both troops who belonged to the Berber Kutama tribal confederation from North Africa and "Suda- nese" troops from sub-Saharan Africa. The 14th-century historian Ibn Khaldun argued, reflecting primarily on the Berber dynasties of North Africa, that there was a strong relationship between the life of political regimes and ethnic groups. Tribal groups from outside settled regions have much stronger ethnic solidarity than settled peoples, and this enabled them to work as efficient military units, conquering territories and establishing new dynasties. The settled life of the conquerors, however, corrupted them and made them lose their ethnic solidarity in just a few generations, and this made them vulnerable to new tribal invaders.
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  2122. Nahuan peoples
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  2123. AY Knowledge Timur is Chagatai Turk not mongol according to specialist historians
    3
  2124. Turkish Airlines 😻
    3
  2125. 🐸
    3
  2126. Aztecs 😻😍
    3
  2127. 😎
    3
  2128. Ismet Inönü was a puppet ruler
    3
  2129. Oooo
    3
  2130. Ottomans would became more powerful than British Empire if timur didn’t existed
    3
  2131. Yarar
    3
  2132.  @theegyptianpharaonicking3849  :-)
    3
  2133.  @a.v.j5664  Hungarians are Ugric people. Ugric branch of Uralic.
    3
  2134.  @svs8328  Altaic is way older than Uralic and Turkic is way older than Ugric, Finnic, Samoyedic and others.
    3
  2135. Liaos weren’t Sinitic
    3
  2136.  @kurdishmountainlion2516  Salahaddin and Necmeddin are Arabic names😅
    3
  2137. When Temüjin was a boy, the center of the steppe world was the Orkhon Valley, the old imperial site of the Türks. The valley was dominated by the Kereit. To the west, on the upper Irtysh River, lay Naiman territory. The Kereit and Naiman, not the Mongols, were masters of the steppe. The Kereit and Naiman elites spoke Turkic and had partially converted to Christianity under the influence of the Nestorian Church. In an effort to out do each other, To'oril of the Kereit and Tayang Qan of the Naiman accumulated men, weapons, alliances, and prestige. Yesügei Ba'atur sided with the Kereit. Later Chinggis Khan would subdue the Kereit and the Naiman in the course of a protracted effort to defeat all challengers among the steppe peoples. The Horde How the Mongols Changed the World Marie Favereau, p.32-33
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  2138.  @getthatupya208  just Roman empire neither eastern roman nor byzantine, since both are made up terms
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  2139.  @szarekhthesilent2047  Eastern Romans were referred to as the Roman Empire (Rum) in all Turkic and Arabic sources. Medieval Turks and Arabs knew that they had nothing to do with Hellenic peoples. Even this is enough to refute the nonsense invented by the ultra-nationalist Greeks to portray the state as Greek. The Greeks often resort to such lies to hide that they have always been ruled by others throughout history. And also, the Roman Empire was a single state, a state called eastern rome or byzantine is not mentioned in historical documents. “Imperum Romanum” is always the official name of the state. (Not Imperium Grecum ;) ) Also, the Greeks are trying to steal not only the late Roman empire, but even the Pontus kingdom, which has nothing to do with them 🤣 The Romans really put an end to Hellenism and made you a "nothing" in history.
    3
  2140.  @ΡωμαϊκόνΠύρ  are you Pontic Rum?
    3
  2141.  @ΡωμαϊκόνΠύρ  Everybody knows the difference of Greek and Rum in Turkey also but some ignorant people think they are same peoples
    3
  2142.  @nenenindonu  nick in ne
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  2143. Nedeni neymiş ?
    3
  2144. The Sceptile God sa
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  2145.  @Stalker950-l3x  fort comme un turc [adj] très fort ; vigoureux ; robuste ; costaud Origin and definition Today, a Turk is just another human being. And even if there are Turks who hold world records in weightlifting, nothing seems to justify calling a Turk more strong than a Greek, a Monegasque or a Chinese. But we must not forget the history of Turkey. Before this country became what it is today, there was the Ottoman Empire built by a people of warriors through conquests in Europe, Africa and Asia. These Turkish or Ottoman fighters impressed by their strength, their courage and also their brutality, their cruelty. Thus in the 17th and 18th centuries, the Turk symbolized the unbeliever, the brutal enemy. It was also said of someone who was rude and ruthless that he was "a real Turk" and to treat someone "Turkish" was to treat him unceremoniously. The expression originated in the mid-15th century, shortly after the capture of Constantinople (ancient Byzantium and present-day Istanbul) by the troops of Sultan Mehmet II in 1453. Examples “I have two, sir, who, without vanity, could be presented to the pope, especially my eldest, who is a pretty bit of a girl. I am raising her to be a countess, although her mother does not want it. How old is she, sir, this future countess? But she is approaching fifteen years old: already that is a fathom taller for you, nice, fresh as an April morning, agile, uncoupled, sprightly, and above all strong as a Turk. Devil ! these are good dispositions for being a countess. Oh ! her mother may say so, she will be. » Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra - Don Quixote of La Mancha
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  2146.  @Stalker950-l3x  Most people in Balkans aren’t/weren’t even Muslims🤓
    3
  2147. Alaaddin Halaci videosu da bekleriz👀
    3
  2148. Based Heraclius
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  2149. Really bad
    3
  2150. MANY TURK STATES IN VIDEO😍😍😍
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  2151. He is described as endowed with the highest intellect and a superhuman willpower , which enabled him to unite heterogeneous Turkic and Mongolian tribes into a single whole .
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  2152. The geographer al-Istakhri, writing in the next century, commented on the 24 preparedness of the frontier men of Shash (modern Tashkent) and Farghana" for war" This encouraged the Caliphs', he goes on, to recruit men from Transoxania and the Turks became their armies because of their because of their superiority of all other races [ajnas] in bravery, daring, courage and fearlessness. The nobles [dahaqin] of Transoxania were their [i.ethe Caliphs] officers [quwwäd], retinue [hawashi] and chosen servants because of their attentiveness in service their obedience and their fine appearance in uniform. So they formed the retinue of the Caliphs, their trusted attendants and the heads of their armies, like the Turks and the Faraghina who formed the palace guard [shiḥna].
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  2153.  @RhodesianSAS-gn4qp  Turkic peoples ruled and subjugated Slavic peoples for almost 1500 years lol
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  2154. 😹
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  2155. 🤨🧐
    3
  2156.  @CheLanguages  Part of Ghilzai Pashtuns (except Kochi tribe) are also Khalaj origin according to most historians.
    3
  2157.  @NickStrife  your historical knowledge is joke keep calm😅
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  2158.  @Ghanfort  and you are the smartest 🤓 malakka ever
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  2159.  @Ghanfort  Ottoman legitimacy drew on Turco-Mongol and Islamic precedents. Fleischer sees the Ottoman Empire as a 'unique, if not aberrant, phe nomenon' in Islamic history due to its emphasis on natural justice and the central role of the Ottoman dynasty as rulers of a defined geographic sphere (Fleischer, 1986: 253). The sixteenth-century Ottoman theorists Ebu's-Su'ud and Mustafa Ali upheld broadly similar theses for the legiti macy of the Ottomans which included the manipulation of their lineage to indicate their descent from Oghuz, the eponym of the Ghuzz Turks, their inheritance of Muslim lands from the Seljuk Turks and their dedica tion to justice, understood as a religious, universal concept (Imber, 1997: 73-4; Fleischer, 1986: 282, 287-8). Although the Ottomans adopted a more obviously Islamic profile after their conquest of the Arab lands, including the holy cities of Mecca and Medina, in the early sixteenth century, a distinction remained between religion and the state/dynasty (din-ü-devlet) which was also apparent in the Ottomans' dual legal sys tem based on the Shari'a and 'state' kamun, despite the close partnership between the two. Secular attitudes derived from the Turco-Mongol heritage were also qualified by the tendency among Ottoman political theorists of dis cussing international relations using the medieval dar al-islam/dar al-harb formulation and its concomitant, jihad or ghaza. This reflected the ori gins of the Ottoman Empire as a Turkic warrior principality on the frontiers of Byzantium which led generations of Ottoman sultans to style themselves 'holy warriors' (ghazis) until the Empire's demise in the 1920s. Their conquest of the Balkans and Aegean peninsula was legitimised in terms of jihad against the infidel, and their conquest of Constantinople was celebrated as the culmination of the Islamic conquests which had begun in the seventh century. In much advice literature of the sev enteenth and eighteenth centuries, the need to continue the jihad and expand the Ottoman Muslim domain in order to restore the inner vital ity of the Empire is a recurrent trope alongside more practical suggestions for reform. International Society and the Middle East: English School Theory at the Regional Level (Palgrave Studies in International Relations) 2009th Edition by B. Buzan (Editor), A. Gonzalez-Pelaez (Editor) p.55
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  2160.  @Ghanfort  Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”. Ottoman Empire >>> the entire Hellenic history lol🤣 Hellenic history is nothing to compare Turkic history
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  2161.  @Ghanfort  Being a nobody in history has created a feeling of inferiority towards the Turks.
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  2162. 😍😍😍
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  2163. Arabic proverb cited by the North African analytic historian Ibn Khaldun of the fourteenth century: dawlah 'ind al-turk, din 'ind al-'arab wa adab 'ind al-furs Power (rests) with the Turk, religion with the Arab, and culture with the Persian.
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  2164.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  who is best maybe Roman Empire then Ottoman Empire then Eastern Roman Empire
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  2165. Bu arada Sovyetlerin kurucusu bile biziz
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  2166. Angry Turkic noises
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  2167.  @ramtin5152  What does the source I gave have to do with revisionism? Instead of trying to criticize me wherever you see me, try refuting those reliable sources :)
    3
  2168. Germanic is one of the most powerful histories of all time alongside Sinitic, Slavic and Turkic.
    3
  2169. He was Turk not mongol
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  2170. Turkey and Albania hmmm
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  2171. Based Ottomans enslaved White Women :-DDD
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  2172. Make video about Turkish pls🙃
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  2173. In the European cartography of the fifteenth to eighteenth centuries, "Grecia" included Dalmatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, the coastal area of Asia Minor, Albania, and the Aegean islands (Karathanasis 1991, 9). For the Western audience in Germany, Austria, and Hungary, "Greek" (Greek Orthodox) was synonymous with Orthodoxy (Stoianovich 1960, 290). Regardless of their ethnic origins, most Greek Orthodox Balkan merchants of the eighteenth century spoke Greek and often assumed Greek names; they were referred to as "Greeks" in the sense that they were of the "Greek" religion. During the eighteenth century, the ge- ographic dispersion and the urban nature of the Greek ethnie in the Balkan peninsula transformed the "Greeks" into a Balkan urban class (Svoronos 1981, 58). Hence, the "Greeks" were not only the ethnic Greeks but generally included all the Orthodox merchants and peddlers, many of whom were Grecophone or Hellenized Vlachs, Serbs, or Orthodox Albanians. Roudometof, V. (2001) Nationalism, globalization, and orthodoxy: The social origins of ethnic conflict in the Balkans. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. p.54 Indeed “Greek” was an emic term in the Hellenistic period, referring generally to both the original Greeks and the Hellenized population. Greek resurrection beliefs and the success of Christianity (with preview) New York: Palgrave Macmillan , 2009 Dag Øistein Endsjø The Hellenized peoples of the eastern Roman (later Byzantine) Empire consistently referred to themselves as 'Roman' (Romaioi) because, even though they were culturally Greek, they considered themselves a part of the Roman Empire. Barnett, G. (2017) Emulating alexander: How alexander the great's legacy fuelled Rome's wars with Persia. Barnsley: Pen et Sword Military. "Like all citizens of the Byzantine Empire. the Greeks were called Romaei Romaioi (i.e. Romans, a hang-over from the days of the Eastern Roman Empire of the 4th to 7th centuries. which gradually became Hellenized and was called the Byzantine Empire, from Byzantium , the old name of the city that was later renamed Constantinople after the Emperor Constantine , who transferred the capital of the Roman Empire from Rome to Byzantium in 330 A.D. ) . Pappageotes, G.C. (1960) Modern Greek Reader Demotic = Anagnōstikon Dēmotikēs. New York. p.7 I use the term Hellenic in order to differentiate 19th and 20th century national identity in modern Greece from the earlier, not so clear, use of terms like Graikos, Romios and, sometimes, Ellinas, which were all more or less synonymous for the Greek-Orthodox Christians of the Ottoman heartland. Hereafter, I use the term Greek to allude to the ambiguour use of this word (esc) bir contemporani scholar who refer without proper discrimination , to the representatives of the larger Greek - Orthodox Ottoman community , mostly hellenized or Greek - speaking , who probably considered themselves not as Hellenes but simply as " Romaioi " and Christians . Historein: A review of the past and other stories (1999). Athens, Greece: Nefeli Publishers. p.69
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  2174. Turkic countries❤❤❤
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  2175. Turkic Gigachad Empire ❤️
    3
  2176.  @Bolghar_wolf  in your dreams🤣🤣🤣
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  2177. Come Turkey bro
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  2178. The reason why the Ottomans killed their own brothers was so that the state would not experience civil war.
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  2179.  @larshofler8298  This can be surmised by analysing the names of Hunnic princes and tribes. The names of the following Hunnic princes are clearly Oghuric Turkic in origin: Mundzuk (Attila’s father, from Turkic Muncˇuq = pearl/jewel; for an in-depth discussion of the Hunnic origin of this name in particular see Schramm (1969), 139–40), Oktar/Uptar (Attila’s uncle, Öktär = brave/powerful), Oebarsius (another of Attila’s paternal uncles, Aïbârs = leopard of the moon), Karaton (Hunnic supreme king before Ruga, Qarâton = black-cloak), Basik (Hunnic noble of royal blood, early fifth century, Bârsig˘ = governor), Kursik (Hunnic noble of royal blood, from either Kürsig˘ , meaning brave or noble, or Quršiq meaning beltbearer). For these etymologies see Bona (1991), 33. Three of Attila’s known sons 40 have probable Turkic names: Ellac, Dengizich, Hernak, and Attila’s princi­ pal wife, the mother of the ‘crown prince’ Ellac, has the Turkic name Here­ kan, as does another notable wife named Eskam. See Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 392–415. See also Bona (1991), 33–5, and Pritsak (1956), 414. Most known Hunnic tribal names are also Turkic, Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 427–41, e.g. Ultincur, Akatir etc. The cur suffix in many of these names is a well-known Turkic title and as Beckwith (1987), 209, points out the To-lu or Tardus tribes (Hunnic in origin) of the Western Turkish On Oq were each headed by a Cur (noble). Zieme (2006), 115, speculates that the title cur belongs to a pre-Turkic Tocharian stratum of the Turkic language, which, if true, again highlights the essential heterogeneity of Central Asian peoples and even languages. See also Aalto (1971), 35. In addition to this primary language (Oghuric Turkic), Priscus informs us that Latin and Gothic were also understood by the Hunnic elite. See Priscus, fr. 13.3, Blockley (1983), 289. Mclaughlin, Professors Hyun & Lieu, Rome and China: Points of Contact (Routledge, 2021) The Xiongnu became politically dominant in the steppes around 300 BC, and although the linguistic affiliation of the Xiongnu proper is still a matter of dispute, their political confederation certainly contained a significant Turkic component. By both ethnohistorical and linguistic considerations this component may in the first place be identified with the Bulgharic (Bulghar Turkic) branch of Turkic, today represented by the Chuvash language in the Volga region. The Turkic component of the Xiongnu is, however, unambiguously signalled by a number of Bulgharic loanwords in Proto-Samoyedic, such as *yür 'hundred'. The Bulgharic (Proto-Bulgharic) speakers are likely to have entered Southern Siberia , the location of Proto-Samoyedic , not earlier than the last century BC. At the same time, a number of local words, notably *kadï 'conifer' (> Chuvash xïra„ ~ xïr 'birch '), were borrowed from Proto-Samoyedic into Bulgharic. Review: J. Janhunen (ed.),The Mongolic languages, London, New York : Routledge, 2003 In the case of Early Pre-Proto-Mongolic, certain loanwords in the Mongolic languages point to early contact with Oghur (Pre-Proto-Bulgaric) Turkic, also known as r-Turkic. These loanwords precede Common Turkic (z-Turkic) loanwords and include: • Mongolic ikere (twins) from Pre-Proto-Bulgaric ikir (versus Common Turkic ekiz) • Mongolic hüker (ox) from Pre-Proto-Bulgaric hekür (Common Turkic öküz) • Mongolic jer (weapon) from Pre-Proto-Bulgaric jer (Common Turkic yäz) • Mongolic biragu (calf) versus Common Turkic buzagu • Mongolic siri- (to smelt ore) versus Common Turkic siz- (to melt) The above words are thought to have been borrowed from Oghur Turkic during the time of the Xiongnu. Later Turkic peoples in Mongolia all spoke forms of Common Turkic (z-Turkic) as opposed to Oghur (Bulgharic) Turkic, which withdrew to the west in the 4th century. The Chuvash language, spoken by 1 million people in European Russia, is the only living representative of Oghur Turkic which split from Proto Turkic around the 1st century AD. Words in Mongolic like dayir (brown, Common Turkic yagiz) and nidurga (fist, Common Turkic yudruk) with initial *d and *n versus Common Turkic *y are sufficiently archaic to indicate loans from an earlier stage of Oghur (Pre-Proto-Bulgaric). This is because Chuvash and Common Turkic do not differ in these features despite differing fundamentally in rhotacism-lambdacism (Janhunen 2006). Oghur tribes lived in the Mongolian borderlands before the 5th century, and provided Oghur loanwords to Early Pre-Proto-Mongolic before Common Turkic loanwords. Golden 2011, p. 31. An earlier date for the separation of proto-Turkic, preceding 209 BC would support the identification of Xiongnu language with proto-Bulgharic or one of its subgroups, while a later date of separation would make its association with proto-Turkic more plausible. Alexander Savelyev, Martine Robbeets, Bayesian phylolinguistics infers the internal structure and the time-depth of the Turkic language family, Journal of Language Evolution, Volume 5, Issue 1, January 2020 As this time depth coincides with the beginning of the Xiongnu empire (209 BCE–100 CE), the association of Xiongnu with Proto-Bulgharic does not seem unreasonable. However, given the relatively large credible interval involved in the Bayesian dating, the breakup of proto-Turkic may also be connected with the first disintegration of the Xiongnu confederation under influence of the military successes of the Chinese in 127–119 BCE (Mudrak 2009). In sum, the time depth of the breakup of Proto-Turkic can be estimated between 500 BCE and 100 CE. Martine Robbeets, Remco Bouckaert, Bayesian phylolinguistics reveals the internal structure of the Transeurasian family, Journal of Language Evolution, Volume 3, Issue 2, July 2018 The language of the European Huns is sometimes referred to as a Bulghar Turkic variety in general linguistic literature, but caution is needed in establishing its affiliations. The predominant part of the Xiongnu population is likely to have spoken Turkic (Late Proto-Turkic, to be more precise). Cite this article: Savelyev A, Jeong C (2020). Early nomads of the Eastern Steppe and their tentative connections in the West. Evolutionary Human Sciences 2, e20, 1–17. Xiong-nu language in Chinese inscriptions 撑犁 (Chēng lí) 撑犁 term in Chinese inscriptions is associated with the old Turkic tengri. Tengri means sky. 瓯脱 (Ōu tuō) 瓯脱 means room[7]. Borrowed from Proto-Turkic *otag[8], also reconstructed as *ōtag. Although linguists concentrate on *otag, since long vowels are not preserved in languages that need to be protected, there are also those who claim that it is derived from the Proto-Turkic word *ōtwhich means fire(see Proto-Turkic Vocabulary lesson). *otag means tent or room, but also fireplace is suggested. 头曼 (Tóu màn) The name Touman is likely related to a word meaning '10,000, a myriad' Old Turkic tümän
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  2180.  @specialtech3992  Romans destroyed Hellenistic era🤣
    3
  2181.  @specialtech3992  Justinian even insulted Hellenic peoples
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  2182. Turks will kick out Erdoğan 😢
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  2183. Ottoman Navy❤❤❤
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  2184. Son of Mountain k🐶rt lütfen!
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  2185.  @James-sn5mg  Weishu, vol. 103 txt: "高車，[...] 其語略與匈奴同而時有小異，或云其先匈奴之甥也", tr: "The Gaoju, [...] their language and the Xiongnu's are similar though differ a little; or to say it differently, they are the sororal nephews/sons-in-laws of the Xiongnu” According to the Book of Wei, the Yuebans' language and customs were the same as the Gaoche, who were Turkic speakers. Yuebans(Weak Xiongnu) cut their hair and trimmed their ghee-smeared, sun-dried, glossy eyebrows evenly, and washed before meals three times everyday. Weishu, Vol. 102 "其風俗言語與高車同，而其人清潔於胡。俗剪髮齊眉，以醍醐塗之，昱昱然光澤，日三澡漱，然後飲食。"
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  2186. Kilicdaroglu is coming
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  2187. Turks😍😍😍
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  2188. Happy Russian Empire noises
    3
  2189. Although the Macedonians used Greek names, worshipped Greek gods, adopted certain Greek customs, and perhaps spoke an Aeolic dialect of Greek, they maintained a separate ethnic identity." Their regional affiliations, political loyalty to local kings, settlement patterns (rural rather than urban), etc. distinguished them from the polis culture of the Greeks. Although in the classical period some Macedonians spoke Greek that their southern neighbors understood, their language was probably unintelligible to most Greeks. Unfortunately, no literary works in the Macedonian language have survived to adequately compare the written word with that of the Greeks. Consequently, despite a probable familial connection, it remains uncertain how closely the Greek and Macedonian language were related." Philip II of Macedon: A New Age. Begins Paperback – August 13, 2019 by Mark Luttenberger (Author)
    3
  2190. Hi Turkic bros
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  2191. That’s nothing but pseudo-history
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  2192. TANGRA
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  2193. Only 8 million people are speaking 800+ languages 🐋
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  2194. Albanian Empire:404 not found
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  2195. Best Islamic Empire in history and possibly best empire in history too
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  2196. We lost 0,1% of our population😭
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  2197. Nadir Shah😍
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  2198. Türkler Hindistan’ı epey uzun süre yönetti
    3
  2199. Lakhshya Lakey only lodi is not turk others are turks
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  2200. They were not mongols. https://mittalsouthasiainstitute.harvard.edu/event/princes-of-the-mughal-empire/
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  2201. Кристиян Рачев Ataturk was Yoruk origin not albanian,it is fringe theory created by ultra nationalist european historians according to Falih Rıfkı Atay, Vamık D. Volkan, Norman Itzkowitz, Müjgân Cunbur, Numan Kartal and Hasan İzzettin Dinamo, Ali Rıza's ancestors were Turks, ultimately descending from Söke in the Aydın Province of Anatolia.[28][29][30][31][32][33]
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  2202. Кристиян Рачев Look is not important,origin(paternal side)is important,there are many arabs look europeans
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  2203. Turkic Warriors 😍😍😍
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  2204. unknown destination nope,Turks lived in mongolia before mongols Also Turks are Turanid but mongols are not We have no same origin
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  2205. There were 4 nations which have managed to defeat the 1200's Mongols in war ; Javanese (Majapahit), Turks (Khalji & Bahri Mamluks), Japanese, Vietnamese (Dai Viet). Mongols of the first half of the 13th century however were unstoppable Major nations destroyed by the Mongols ; -Jin(Tungusic) -Khwarezmids(Turkic) -Souther Song(Sinitic) -Kara Khitais(Khitanic) -Cumania(Turkic) -Kievan Rus(Germanic and Slavic) -Seljuk Rum(Turkic) -Abbasids(Arabic) -Western Xia(Qiangic) -Volga Bulgaria(Turkic)
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  2206.  @user-kb8zv5ob2q Qashqai maybe, Turkmen isn’t. Turkish-Turkmen is like 65% mutually intelligible. So they cannot be a dialect of the same language. Not to mention Turkmen is mix of Old Oghuz + Chagatai rather than just old Oghuz.
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  2207. Araplar tarihlerinin çoğunda kukla olmayı başarmışlar :)
    3
  2208. Turkic :) Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA80 0.05533515 Bashkir:BAS-120 0.05990198 Tatar_Siberian:STA-126 0.06118980 Bashkir:BAS-029 0.06465388 Bashkir:BAS-091 0.06518414 Bashkir:BAS-046 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA74 0.04317297 Tatar_Siberian:STA-126 0.04340329 Bashkir:BAS-029 0.04508405 Bashkir:BAS-034 0.04571997 Bashkir:BAS-005 0.04634817 Bashkir:bashkir3 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA73 0.04519389 Bashkir:BAS-120 0.04615025 Tatar_Siberian:STA-126 0.04817514 Bashkir:BAS-046 0.04964376 Bashkir:BAS-091 0.05188906 Bashkir:BAS-006 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA72 0.04298365 Bashkir:BAS-120 0.05147676 Bashkir:bashkir9 0.05193652 Tatar_Siberian:STA-126 0.05398420 Bashkir:BAS-091 0.05418873 Bashkir:BAS-096 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA69 0.06131625 Uzbek:495_R02C02 0.06246982 Turkmen:TUR013 0.06295519 Bashkir:bashkir9 0.06305724 Bashkir:BAS-120 0.06540455 Uzbek:495_R01C01 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA66 0.04941760 Tatar_Siberian:STA-112 0.04992166 Bashkir:BAS-034 0.05030198 Bashkir:BAS-005 0.05069029 Bashkir:BAS-046 0.05109507 Tatar_Siberian:STA-126 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA65 0.06441883 Bashkir:bashkir8 0.06454222 Tatar_Siberian:STA-126 0.06584960 Bashkir:BAS-034 0.06666736 Bashkir:BAS-120 0.06779641 Nogai:NOG-125 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA54 0.04048207 Bashkir:BAS-005 0.04305749 Bashkir:bashkir3 0.04403622 Bashkir:BAS-034 0.04726006 Bashkir:BAS-029 0.04823834 Bashkir:bashkir8 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA52 0.05372036 Bashkir:BAS-120 0.05740290 Tatar_Siberian:STA-126 0.05805683 Bashkir:BAS-029 0.06147907 Bashkir:BAS-091 0.06291138 Tatar_Siberian:STA-112
    3
  2209. Great Turkic Warrior❤
    3
  2210. Greatest empire history even seen❤❤❤
    3
  2211. What percentage of EEF and WHG blood do Celtic peoples have?
    3
  2212.  @Dosadniste2000  however Mongolized Turks like Bayads, Bargas and Jalairs have roots from Xiongnu
    3
  2213. 26:51 Turanid kangz
    3
  2214.  @Phapchamp  Central Asia got ruled by Turkic peoples in most history also. After the collapse of Samanids, Iranians never found any state in central asia again.
    3
  2215.  @truthdisseminator  it is not different if you know their tribal confederation
    3
  2216. The tribe of Macedones or ruling family which took over the central plain was known, according to later sources, as Argeadae. The Argeadae were thought to have originated in Orestis, and despite the later power struggles between the ruling monarchy of Lower Macedonia and the tribes of Upper Macedonia, each with their own ruling families, they were considered "kin" due to their common origin in the western mountains and their common language, common haircut, short cloak, and other customs, which would have included religious cults, stock herding and -breeding, hunting, and horsemanship. All written records so far uncovered are in forms of Greek, and by the mid fourth century it appears the Argead royal court preferred spoken Greek as its official language, though there are also references to a "Macedonian" (makedonisti) language or dialect, which predominated within the army and was unintelligible to Greek speakers from the southern part of the peninsula. Ancient Macedonia 1st Edition by Carol J. King (Author) p.12
    3
  2217. ?
    3
  2218.  @lvateinn8258  🤡
    3
  2219.  @thebalkanhistorian.3205  The ancient Hellenes were conquered by the Romans . Emperor Justinian destroyed the last vestiges of Hellenic civilisation , and state Christianity created a new civilisation on the ruins of the old . Koliopoulos, G. and Veremēs, T., 2007. Greece: the modern sequel. London: Hurst & Company, p.242. Hellenes as they were called, were persecuted by the enforcement of these general rules; Justinian endeavored, above all things, to deprive them of education, and he had the University of Athens closed in 529; at the same time ordering wholesale conversations. The Cambridge Medieval History volumes 1-5 by John Bagnell Bury, Paul Dalen (Goodreads Author) (Editor) And there is also evidence that the word 'Hellene' now meant 'pagan', and Justinian did conduct persecutions of Hellenes. The world of Classics in the sixth century was not entirely rosy. Scott, R., n.d. Byzantine chronicles and the sixth century
    3
  2220. The South Slavic tribal groups moved south and southwest from their Pripet homeland, eventually entering the Byzantine-controlled Balkan Peninsula as either allies of or refugees from the invading Turkic Avars during the second half of the sixth century. Their search for a new, permanent homeland proved successful. Today their descendants solidly inhabit virtually all of the northwestern, central, and southeastern regions of the Balkans. Turks comprise a third ethnic component of the Balkan population. Although today numerically small-a little over 1 million people (about 2 percent of the total population) they have played a role in shaping the history of the Balkans far beyond their numbers. In late antiquity the rolling plains of the Danube and Prut rivers in the Balkans' northeast served Turkic tribes from the Eurasian steppes as an open door into the heart of the peninsula and the riches of the Eastern Roman Empire. Huns and related tribes swept through the Balkans in the fifth and sixth centuries, followed by the Avars and their allies in the sixth and seventh. Among these latter were the Bulgars, who established a state south of the Danube. Unlike the Avars, whose settlements in the Balkans proved transitory, the Bulgar state persisted in the face of concerted Byzantine pressures. By the ninth century the Bulgars were challenging the Byzantine Empire for political hegemony in the Balkans, but by that time they also were well on the way toward ethnic assimilation into their Slavic-speaking subject population. The conversion of the Turkic Bulgar ruling elite to Orthodox Chris-tianity at midcentury opened the gate to their rapid and total Slavic assimilation. Within a hundred years of the Bulgar conversion, most traces of their Turkic origins had disappeared, except for their name-the Bulgars had been transformed into Slavic Bulgarians Oğuz, Pecheneg, and Cuman Turkic tribes appeared in the Balkans between the ninth and eleventh centuries. Most of them eventually suffered an ethnic fate similar to the Bulgars and left little lasting impression, although the Gagauz Turks of Bessarabia, a region lying east of the Prut River (now known as Moldova), and some Turks living today in the eastern Balkans may be direct ethnic descendants of those medieval Turkic interlopers. Additionally, the Ottoman Turks' five-century rule over most of the Balkans established numerous scattered enclaves of Turkish- speaking groups throughout much of the southern portion of the peninsula, with a heavy concentration in the southeastern region of ancient Thrace.
    3
  2221. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, shaping the history of Balkans, Islamization of Northern India, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
    3
  2222. Krisi Yurukov :0 So you see himself as Bolgar
    3
  2223. Yaqub Leis Your brain is literally too small🧠😂😂
    3
  2224. 0:17
    3
  2225. Saddest moment in history 😢
    3
  2226. Turks never claimed ferdowsi or mewlana.Are you propagandist or something?
    3
  2227. Yes❤
    3
  2228. We enslaved white women😂
    3
  2229. Turkic nomads were best nomads in history
    3
  2230. Sunni Turks vs Shia Turks (Qizilbash)
    3
  2231. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
    3
  2232. Red and Orange colours are also Turkish leaders
    3
  2233. Berber or Arabic ?
    3
  2234. Ottoman Empire 😎
    3
  2235. The Iranians were really lucky. Had Julius Caesar lived a little longer, he would have conquered Persia again and would have been known as Alexander II :-)
    3
  2236. Turks would be a superpower, and today the world language would be Turkish, not English.
    3
  2237.  @oguzekici9886  Koreanic and Japonic aren’t Altaic
    3
  2238.  @tomaszs.9985  In the case of Early Pre-Proto-Mongolic, certain loanwords in the Mongolic languages point to early contact with Oghur (Pre-Proto-Bulgaric) Turkic, also known as r-Turkic. These loanwords precede Common Turkic (z-Turkic) loanwords and include: • Mongolic ikere (twins) from Pre-Proto-Bulgaric ikir (versus Common Turkic ekiz) • Mongolic hüker (ox) from Pre-Proto-Bulgaric hekür (Common Turkic öküz) • Mongolic jer (weapon) from Pre-Proto-Bulgaric jer (Common Turkic yäz) • Mongolic biragu (calf) versus Common Turkic buzagu • Mongolic siri- (to smelt ore) versus Common Turkic siz- (to melt) The above words are thought to have been borrowed from Oghur Turkic during the time of the Xiongnu. Later Turkic peoples in Mongolia all spoke forms of Common Turkic (z-Turkic) as opposed to Oghur (Bulgharic) Turkic, which withdrew to the west in the 4th century. The Chuvash language, spoken by 1 million people in European Russia, is the only living representative of Oghur Turkic which split from Proto Turkic around the 1st century AD. Words in Mongolic like dayir (brown, Common Turkic yagiz) and nidurga (fist, Common Turkic yudruk) with initial *d and *n versus Common Turkic *y are sufficiently archaic to indicate loans from an earlier stage of Oghur (Pre-Proto-Bulgaric). This is because Chuvash and Common Turkic do not differ in these features despite differing fundamentally in rhotacism-lambdacism (Janhunen 2006). Oghur tribes lived in the Mongolian borderlands before the 5th century, and provided Oghur loanwords to Early Pre-Proto-Mongolic before Common Turkic loanwords. Golden 2011, p. 31.
    3
  2239. Qajar Empire has absolutely nothing to do with Persians just like Yuan Empire has nothing to do with Chinese.
    3
  2240.  @GreaterAfghanistanMovement  Big part of Afghanistan was under the rule of Turkic dynasties from Hephthalites to Afsharids.
    3
  2241. Aktay Turan aynen
    3
  2242. Aktay Turan As the number of evidence of linguistic, ethnographic and socio-political nature show that Bulgars belonged to the group of Turkic peoples.[36][24][26][30] The Bulgars (also Bolgars or proto-Bulgarians[40]) were a semi-nomadic people of Turkic descent, originally from Central Asia, who from the 2nd century onwards dwelled in the steppes north of the Caucasus and around the banks of river Volga (then Itil). https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria Bulgars (< Turkic bulgha- ‘to mix, stir up, disturb’, i.e. ‘rebels’) A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian-Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiongnu (late 3rd cent. ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-820 Many Slavic tribes lived within the boundaries of the state, together with the proto-Bulgarians, a tribe of Turkic origin that had settled in the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 7th century. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boris-I The Bulgars were a Turkic tribal confederation that gave rise to the Balkan Bulgar and Volga Bulgar states.The ethynonym derives from the Turkish bulgha-,”to stir,mix,disturb,confuse.” https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=c788wWR_bLwC&pg=PA354&redir_esc=y&hl=tr#v=onepage&q=Bulgars&f=false (Harvard University Press) The Volga Bulgars, a Turkish tribe then living on the east bank of the Volga River, ... the laws of Islam to the Bulgars, who had recently converted to the religion. http://www.bookrags.com/research/ahmad-ibn-fadlan-ued/#gsc.tab=0 Eastern Bulgars , Bulgars Ancient Turkic people originating in the region n and e of the Black Sea. https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/balkan-states Volga Bulgaria was a northeastern European Turkic state that formed during the 9th century and continued into the first four decades of the 13th century. https://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe009 https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopedia-of-slavic-languages-and-linguistics-online/*-COM_031941 https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-Bulgar+languages https://xn--80ad7bbk5c.xn--p1ai/en/content/brief-history-suvar-bulgars http://bulgarizdat.ru/index.php/book1/article1-1 Bulgars, Eastern bŭl´gärz, –gərz [key], Turkic-speaking people, who possessed a powerful state (10th–14th cent.) at the confluence of the Volga and the Kama, E European Russia. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. (Cambridge University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=Ylz4fe7757cC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=proto+bulgars&source=bl&ots=vvGsuu2J3g&sig=ACfU3U2YuPKKdgVQKhoUi2fyDiC99n4N_Q&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiRqIaDlNvmAhWM-yoKHW38DDI4FBDoATAAegQIBRAB#v=onepage&q=proto%20bulgars&f=false Population genetic analysis indicated that Conquerors had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-53105-5 Most Tatars trace their descent to Volga Bulgars, a medieval Turkic people who have inhabited the Middle Volga and lower Kama region. https://online.ucpress.edu/search-results?page=1&q=Bulgars Onogur-Bulgars https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/250688v1.full.pdf https://hizliresim.com/stAHqu (Bulgar genetic proximity) Caucasus as the first Turkic peoples (Avars, Bulgars, Huns, Khazars, Pechenegs) arrived. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Exile The Turkic languages are clearly interrelated, showing close similarities in phonology, morphology, and syntax. Historically, they split into two types early on, Common Turkic and Bolgar Turkic. The language of the Proto-Bolgars, reportedly similar to the Khazar language, belonged to the latter type. Its only modern representative is Chuvash, which originated in Volga Bolgarian and exhibits archaic features. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Turkic-languages According to Antoaneta Granberg : " the data is insufficient to clearly distinguish Huns, Avars and Bulgars one from another" - introduction, the second paragraph : https://www.academia.edu/683028/Classification_of_the_Hunno-Bulgarian_Loan-Words_in_Slavonic Both names are best explained as corresponding to Onogundur, an old name in Greek sources for the Bulgars. https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/khazars https://www.yourdictionary.com/bulgar More Sources https://1drv.ms/w/s!ArU3juYblIHghhn2C4hh-bLC8FRi
    3
  2243. Because they don't need it :) Should they fight with dolphins :D
    3
  2244. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, shaping the history of Balkans, Islamization of Northern India, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
    3
  2245. Real Crusades History his ancestors have all cuman names also
    3
  2246. Türkiye❤
    3
  2247. 😭
    3
  2248. Timur😍
    3
  2249. You turn back
    3
  2250. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
    3
  2251. Happy Jewish noises
    3
  2252. Turkic Bahri Empire❤️❤️❤️
    3
  2253. 3 of the 4 expansive Caliphate fronts were halted by Turks ; Khazars in Caucasus, Turgesh& Turk Shahis & Göktürks in Central Asia, Bulgars (allied with Romans) in Thrace
    3
  2254. 🇹🇷
    3
  2255. Hate both from Turkey
    3
  2256.  @ra.n9482  They used both Oghuz Turkic and Persian
    3
  2257. 11:54 based flag
    3
  2258. They were like 100 states lmao
    3
  2259. Reyting uğruna canının tehlikeye girmesi 😐
    3
  2260.  @uguryzg  Don't you complain in the comments that nobody likes the Kurdish nationalists?
    3
  2261.  @ColCoal  Early inhabitants of Mongolia were actually Turkic peoples In the case of Early Pre-Proto-Mongolic, certain loanwords in the Mongolic languages point to early contact with Oghur (Pre-Proto-Bulgaric) Turkic, also known as r-Turkic. These loanwords precede Common Turkic (z-Turkic) loanwords and include: • Mongolic ikere (twins) from Pre-Proto-Bulgaric ikir (versus Common Turkic ekiz) • Mongolic hüker (ox) from Pre-Proto-Bulgaric hekür (Common Turkic öküz) • Mongolic jer (weapon) from Pre-Proto-Bulgaric jer (Common Turkic yäz) • Mongolic biragu (calf) versus Common Turkic buzagu • Mongolic siri- (to smelt ore) versus Common Turkic siz- (to melt) The above words are thought to have been borrowed from Oghur Turkic during the time of the Xiongnu. Later Turkic peoples in Mongolia all spoke forms of Common Turkic (z-Turkic) as opposed to Oghur (Bulgharic) Turkic, which withdrew to the west in the 4th century. The Chuvash language, spoken by 1 million people in European Russia, is the only living representative of Oghur Turkic which split from Proto Turkic around the 1st century AD. Words in Mongolic like dayir (brown, Common Turkic yagiz) and nidurga (fist, Common Turkic yudruk) with initial *d and *n versus Common Turkic *y are sufficiently archaic to indicate loans from an earlier stage of Oghur (Pre-Proto-Bulgaric). This is because Chuvash and Common Turkic do not differ in these features despite differing fundamentally in rhotacism-lambdacism (Janhunen 2006). Oghur tribes lived in the Mongolian borderlands before the 5th century, and provided Oghur loanwords to Early Pre-Proto-Mongolic before Common Turkic loanwords. Golden 2011, p. 31. Before the rise of Genghis Khan Mongolic was spreading at westward and absorbing Turkic speakers (Janhunen, 2008). During the Mongol expansion, Turkic speakers whose tribes and states had been incorporated into the Mongol empire were so much more numerous than Mongols that, although Mongolian was the language of command, it was Turkic rather than Mongolic speech that was chiefly spread across Central Asia and the central and western steppe. Antonio Benítez-Burraco, ‎Steven Moran 2018 p.92 The period of Bulghar Turkic influence on Mongolic seems to have lasted until the fourth century, when the Bulghar Turks withdrew to the west. In Southern Siberia, a few cen- turies without Turkic speakers followed, but most of Mongolia was rapidly covered by a population speaking an early form of Common Turkic, the direct ancestor of Old Turkic and all the modern Turkic languages with the exception of Chuvash. Since the Turkic empires of the Türk and Uighur were for most of the time politically superior to the con- temporary linguistic ancestors of the Mongols, Mongolic (Pre-Proto-Mongolic) bor- rowed a layer of Common Turkic elements that can be distinguished by the absence of the specifically Bulgharic features characteristic of the earlier loanwords. The Mongolic Languages Juha Janhunen 2003
    3
  2262. How about Cypriot Greek and Ancient Macedonian 👀
    3
  2263.  @NickStrife  d🤣mb kiddo by this logic Yuan and Qing Empire were Sinitic empires not Mongolic and Tungusic😅
    3
  2264.  @NickStrife  Venetian Empire also ruled your ancestors if you don’t say they were also Hellenic🤣🤣🤣
    3
  2265.  @NickStrife  hellenic history is very big joke you got ruled by foreign peoples all the time especially by Romans and Ottomans 🤣🤣🤣
    3
  2266.  @NickStrife  you were under the Armenian dynasty of Roman Empire when Turks were ruling the world from Hungary to Manchuria 🤣🤣🤣 joke hellas history
    3
  2267. Russians have no history they got ruled by Nordic peoples throughout history and even two Turks Boris Godunov and Fyodor II ruled Tsardom of Russia but not even single slavic person ruled Russia in history😹😹😹
    3
  2268.  @huseyintrhesabm7196  ayn
    3
  2269.  @95bekirable  kaynak?
    3
  2270. *Although in the past the Huns are thought to have been Mongolian emigrants, it is far more likely that they were of Turkic origin. This point has been repeated by thousands of historians, sinologists, turcologists, altaistics, and other researchers. Let me try to state how this idea began with Sinology researchers.[1] *Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 386-9, also thinks that these names are the Germanic or Germanicized names of Turkic Huns.[2] *The language of the Huns has always been classified in the Turkic linguistic family.[3] *In the 5th century A . D . the Danube Slavs had lived in symbiosis with the Turkic Huns[4] *One of the first and most ferocious of such Asiatic (Turkic) peoples were the Huns.[5] *A large number of many different Turkic tribes were called Huns.[6] *It is conceivable that the Huns (Ephthalites), who irrupted into Central Asia in the early fifth century, were Turkic.[7] *Probably a substantial group of Hunnish peoples spoke some form of Turkic, a subfamily of the Altaic languages.[8] *Danube used by a large number of Turkic peoples - including Huns, Avars,Bulgars,Cumans.[9] * Among them, the Vandals were East Germanic, the Suevi or 'Swabians' were Central Germanic, the Huns were Turkic, and the Alans were Iranic (like the modern Ossetians).[10] *Also, with the various Turkic tribes on the west; especially with the Huns.[11] *Historic Turkic kingdoms (the earliest being the Great Hun Empire from 200 B.C., which stretched from Siberia to Tibet,and the last being the Ottoman Empire founded in A.D. 1299),hinting at a racial side to Turkish identity.[12] *By the fifth century, the last of the Tocharians was driven from the region by nomadic Huns, possibly the earliest of many subsequent waves of Tur- kic invaders in Central Asia.[13] *Who are the Turkic Peoples? This great family of peoples includes the Huns,Khazars,Avars and Bulgar-Turks of former times.[14] *The principal invaders in the north were no longer the Turkic Xiongnu[15] *Horses were vital to maintaining Han military strength against the increasing nomadic incur. sions from the Turkic Xiongnu tribal armies along the northern borders and in the northwest.[16] *The constant incursions in the Han's northern and northwestern frontiers by the Turkic nomads known as Xiongnu (the Huns) necessitated Han military expeditions across the Pamirs into Central Asia.[17] * By the 5th century many of the troops were barbarian foederation of Germanic, Turkic (“Huns and "Bulgars), and, perhaps, “Slavic origins [18] * The fact that the Bulgars of Asparukh - whom we considered descendants of the Huns led by Irnikh -were Turks.[19] *While the Hun hords of Attila that tried to conquer Europe were surely Proto-Türks.[20] Sources: *1- The Origins of the Huns-The History Files *2-The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe(Cambridge University Press)-Page 177 *3-Russian Translation Series of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology 1964 (Harvard University Press) *4-Among the People, Native Yugoslav Ethnography: Selected 1982(Michigan University Press) *5-Byzantium: Church, Society, and Civilization Seen Through Contemporary Eyes(University of Chicago Press)-Page 332 *6-Eurasian Studies Yearbook Volume 74 Eurolingua, 2002 *7-Islamic Peoples Of The Soviet Un-Page 384 *8-The Saga of the Volsungs: The Norse Epic of Sigurd the Dragon Slayer(University of California Press)-Page 15 *9-The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelth Century(University of Michigan Press)-Page 25 *10-Vanished Kingdoms: The Rise and Fall of States and Nations *11-China ancient and modern-Page-55 *12-Turkey: What Everyone Needs to Know®(Oxford University Press) *13-Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia-Page 251 *14-Oxford Symposium on Food & Cookery, 1989: Staplefoods : Proceedings *15-China: A New History, Second Enlarged Edition(Harvard University Press)-Page 73 *16-Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China ; Gansu and Ningxia, 4th - 7th Century ; [on the Occasion of the Exhibition "Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China", Organized by the Asia Society Museum, New York, October 13, 2001 - January 6, 2002 ...] *17-The Harvard Dictionary of Music-Page 261 *18- The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity-Page 1346 *19- The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia Volume 1-Page 202 *20-China Knowledge-Xiongnu
    3
  2271. Admin British is germanic language but british people are not germanic right?
    3
  2272.  @berserk9085  cringe larping without academic sources
    3
  2273. In the light of the above outline, is it proper to think of the Ayyubid confederation as a specifically “Kurdish” state? On the level of political structure, the governing attitudes of the Ayyubid confederation can certainly be related to the political institutions of their original homeland. On the other hand, these institutions do not differ significantly from the underlying structures of contemporary Turkish states, and in many ways the Ayyubids can be understood simply as a successor kingdom to the Saljuqs.
    3
  2274. 🤨
    3
  2275. Turkiye was also neutral in ww2😁
    3
  2276. The greatest success of the Turks, their history as administrators,has been little appreciated in the West. For six hundred years the Ottoman Empire ruled successfully over a great land, an imperial record that can stand with that of Romans. The Ottomans created an empire of unique toleration, where many peoples and religions kept their own traditions at a time when religious persecution was the rule elsewhere. It was an empire of laws, held together by rules as much as by the personality of the sultan. It is no accident that the great sultan Süleyman, known to the West as The Magnificent, was known to the Turks as The Lawgiver, asign of his and the Empire's true success. If the achievements of the Turks in politics and law are littleknown in America, those in the humanities are even less so. Yet Turkish music, art, architecture, and poetry were the crowning glories, coming as they do from a different cultural tradition. The beauty of Turkish poetry may only be fully appreciated in Turkish and Turkish classical music may not perfectly match whatis expected by Western ears, but the beauty of Turkish art caneasily be seen. The grace of Turkish calligraphy, the colors of Turkish miniature paintings, and the geometric forms of Turkishporcelain tiles are known to be high art by anyone who has seenthem. The great mosques of Istanbul, especially Sinan's Süleymaniye Mosque, rival any buildings in the world. The accomplishments of modern Turkey have been in a different context. The task of the modern Turks was to create a democratic,independent society. In a time of imperialism, Turkey was oneof the few nations to keep its independence, despite great odds against it. Turkey was almost unique outside of Western Europeand North America in its sustained drive to gain democracy. Firs tnoted under Mustafa Kemal Atatürk for its campaign to educateand develop its people to live in the modern world. Turkey now is an economic success and a multiparty democracy. It is one of the few countries of its region that have significantly raised itself up economically, without oil revenues to depend on. Muchremains to be done, but the success is notable. Today, Turkey is a bridge between the Middle East and the West,as well as a bridge between the West and the newly freed lands of Central Asia. It is a state whose people are overwhelmingly Muslim, yet also a state that is thoroughly secular in its lawsand government. The great tradition of Islam is not forgotten,nor is the tradition of western philosophy, government, and technology.
    3
  2277. >Getting conquer by everyone :-)
    3
  2278. It was militarily weak empire that lost almost every single battle against Italy and Serbia.
    3
  2279. Cap
    3
  2280. So many Turkic dynasties more than 20
    3
  2281.  @LuisAldamiz  However, unlike haplogroup J, R(and Q) was originally from eastern Eurasia, not western. It would be a big mistake to attribute the entire haplogroup, which is approximately 25,000 years old, to Indo-Europeans. There are dozens of people, such as the Basques, Iberians, Chadians and Etruscans, who carry the R haplogroup even though they are not Indo-European. On the other hand, there are Greeks, Vlachs, Persians, Ossetians, Albanians, South Slavs and northern Germanic people who are Indo-European but have less R. The story for E, J, G, N or other haplogroups is similar too.
    3
  2282. Hussain Mahfouz especially baibars and qutuz bro
    3
  2283. The Egyptian Pharaonic King Also Tulunid Kingdom made egypt very powerful
    3
  2284. The Egyptian Pharaonic King We call Muhammad Ali as traitor in Turkey
    3
  2285. The Egyptian Pharaonic King Jazzar Ahmed Pasha was awesome he destroyed Napoleon :0
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  2286. The Egyptian Pharaonic King Baibars was one of the my favorite military commanders of all time,he destroyed both mongols and crusaders
    3
  2287. Chad Youtuber historian vs Virgin Tiktoker historian
    3
  2288. The Turkish presence in Western Thrace started with the arrival of the Scythian Turks who came to the Balkans in the 2nd century BC together with the 'Western Branch' of migrants from Central Asia. https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=VpdXKpmaYLEC&printsec=frontcover&dq=a+modern+theory+of+language+evolution&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwisvcCdhrroAhWwk4sKHUxfBG8Q6AEIJTAA#v=onepage&q=Turkic&f=false Contemporary populations linked to western Iron Age steppe people can be found among diverse ethnic groups in the Caucasus, Russia and Central Asia (spread across many Iranian and other Indo- European speaking groups), whereas populations with genetic similarities to eastern Scythian groups are found almost exclusively among Turkic language speakers (Supplementary Figs 10 and 11). https://reich.hms.harvard.edu/sites/reich.hms.harvard.edu/files/inline-files/ncomms14615_0.pdf Contemporary descendants of western Scythian groups are found among various groups in the Caucasus and Central Asia, while similarities to eastern Scythian are found to be more widespread, but almost exclusively among Turkic language speaking (formerly) nomadic groups, particularly from the Kipchak branch of Turkic languages (Supplementary Note 1). https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14615 Caucasus and Central Asia, while similarities to eastern Scythian are found to be more widespread, but almost exclusively among Turkic language speaking (formerly) nomadic groups, particularly from the Kipchak branch of Turkic languages (Supplementary Note 1). http://eurogenes.blogspot.com/2017/03/genetic-origins-and-legacy-of-scythians.html?m=1 Turkic tribes like Sakas, Kushanas, when they settled on India's borders and inside it also adopted ... https://www.cs.colostate.edu/~malaiya/turkish.html http://s155239215.onlinehome.us/turkic/27_Scythians/EthnicRootsEn.htm Central to this network had been the far-flung empire of the Turkic Kushans (Indo-Scythians) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=5JKnBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT19&dq=COLUMBIAUNIVERSITYPRESS&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjzmpj15ffrAhUE_CoKHaHDAz4Q6AEwAHoECAMQAQ#v=onepage&q=&f=false http://aibs.columbia.edu/books.html Both Kushans and Scythians were of Turki origin. (University of Sind) https://books.google.com.tr/books?hl=tr&id=q3FXAAAAMAAJ&dq=both+kushans+and+scythians+were+of+pakistan&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Turki The Sacae were a mixed people, probably a fusion of Iranian, Finnish, and Turkish— the antithesis of modern Hungarians. Exactly the same may be presumed about the Alans. The Chinese consider them as near relations of the Turks. (Harvard University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?hl=tr&id=tMdRefDs_G4C&dq=HARVARDUNIVERSITYPRESS&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Hungarians https://hizliresim.com/aDjnZ0 https://hizliresim.com/IfZFMW
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  2289. In contrast to those Iranian officials who claim that the Turks in Iran were actually originally Persians, the late IRGC Commander Qassem Suleimani claimed that the descendants of Turkic dynasties that live in Iran are not Iranian. Suleimani claimed: "Turks are aliens and non-Iranians. For hundreds of years (during Turkic rule in Iran), Iran had no history. Non- Iranians like the Seljuks invaded and ruled Iran."74 Shaffer, B. (2023) Iran is more than persia: Ethnic politics in Iran. Berlin: De Gruyter.
    3
  2290. Çikolota 👁️👁️
    3
  2291. Mangburni is considered a fearless leader and a great warrior.[3] Harold Lamb describes Jalal al-Din as "valiant son of a weak father",[37] Carl Sverdrup descibes Jalal al-Din as "brave and energetic".[4] Jürgen Paul describes Jalal al-Din as "the mighty wall". About his battle against Genghis khan at the banks of the Indus, Osborne describes him as the first vigilante enemy of Genghis khan[38] while Timothy May describes him as the most stalwart enemy of the Mongols in West Asia untill the time of the Mamluk Sultanate.[3] Modern scholarship credits him with halting the Mongol expansion by at least a decade. Shihab al-Din Muhammad al-Nasawi, the personal secretary of the Sultan Jalal ad-Din, described him as follows: He was swarthy (dark-skinned), small in stature, Turkic in "behavior" and speech, but he also spoke Persian. As for his courage, I have mentioned it many times when describing the battles he took part in. He was a lion among lions and the most fearless among his valiant horsemen. He was mild in his temper though, did not get easily provoked and never used bad language.[39] The Georgian Royal Annals from the 13th century described Jalal al-Din as follows: ...the Sultan Jalaldin - valorous and brave, courageous and fearless like some immaterial being, superb, strong and an excellent fighter, came to the rescue of his father with a 5 small group of soldiers, picked him up, and together they fled to Khorasan.[40] In Tabaqat-i Nasiri, Juzjani describes Jalal al-Din as follows: Sultan Jalal ud-Din, Mangburni, was the eldest son of Sultan Muhammad, and was endowed with great heroism, valour and high talents and accomplishments.[7] In The Complete History, Ibn al-Athir described Jalal al-Din as follows:[41] ...Jalâl al-Dîn whom all the princes on earth held in awe and feared. At the end of the battle of the Indus, Genghis khan said the following about Jalal al-Din:[42][10][43][37] A father should only have such a son. Whether he escaped from the fiery battlefield and came to the brink of salvation from the whirlwind of destruction, great deeds and great revolts will still come from him! Though considered a successful warrior and a general, Jalal al-Din is considered a poor ruler and his loss of re-established empire to the Mongol is attributed to the poor rulership of him. Jalal al-Din had enmity with all of his neighbours which resulted in Jalal's calls to form alliance against the Mongol army of Chormaqan being dismissed by all other Muslim kingdoms. Though historians agree that Jalal al-Din inherited these enmities from his father and predecessros.[1][3] Ibn al-Athir described Jalal al-Din as follows in regard to his ruling:[44] Jalâl al-Dîn was a bad ruler who administered his realm abominably. Among the princes who were his neighbours he did not leave one without showing hostility to him and challenging him for his kingdom, acting as a bad neighbour. As an example of that, as soon as he appeared in Isfahan and gathered an army, he invaded Khuzistan and besieged Tustar, a possession of the caliph. He marched to Daquqa, which he sacked and where he killed many people. It too belonged to the caliph. Then he took Azerbayjan, which was held by Uzbek, and attacked the Georgians, whom he defeated and harassed. Later he made war on al-Ashraf, lord of Khilât, and then on ‘Alâ’ al-Dîn, ruler of Anatolia, and on the Ismâ‘îlîs, whose lands he ravaged and many of whom he killed. He imposed upon them an annual tribute in money and also on others. Every prince abandoned him and would not take his hand.
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  2292. We wuz Whitez
    3
  2293. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
    3
  2294. 31000 pride 😍
    3
  2295. Hungry Hungolia 👀
    3
  2296. All golden horde remnant khanates were turkic states and even modern day Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan are their remnants.
    3
  2297. The Achaemenids and Sassanids got destroyed by a Hellenic and Arabic tribe respectively Parthians had their capital countless times sacked by Romans and post Islamic Persia was basically a playground for Arabs, Turks, and Mongols as we all know
    3
  2298. Albanians got ruled by foreing peoples in most history
    3
  2299. Those Illyrian dudes were nightmares of Germanic peoples 🦕
    3
  2300. Many Turkic sultanates 😍😍😍
    3
  2301. 8:18 🤓
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  2302. 10% ?? Not really
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  2303. The Turks too , the great warriors of the steppes , were almost haughty in the assumption that they inherited the jihad fighting spirit of the tradition and carried it half - way into Europe . Turko-Persia in Historical Perspective p.94 During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries , understanding the Turks ' military organization , given the credit for the greatest empire since antiquity , became a major European preoccupation . Speake, J., n.d. Literature of travel and exploration. p.891. By the middle of the 16th century, the Turks arguably possessed the greatest empire in the world. A History of the Middle East Paperback – March 15, 2006 by Saul S. Friedman (Author) p.181 In the west the Seljuq invasion of Asia Minor began the process which was to make it the modern land of the Turks and the base from which the greatest Islamic empire of the past 600 years would expand into southeast Europe . MacEachern, S., 2010. The new cultural atlas of the Islamic world. p.32. THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot." Halman, T. and Warner, J., 2007. Rapture and revolution. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, Crescent Hill Publications, p.9.
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  2304.  @ramtin5152  Nader Shah and Cyrus conquered approximately equal territory. However, unlike Cyrus, Nadir had half as many vassals as his lands, and he also had overseas conquests. Not to mention that he won many 1 vs 4/5 battles + suffered very few casualties despite being heavily outnumbered, even were praising by the Danish Emperors in his time.
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  2305. Both the 7th-century Chinese History of the Northern Dynasties[87] and the Book of Zhou,[88] an inscription in the Sogdian language, report the Göktürks to be a subgroup of the Xiongnu.[89][90] Prof. Dr. Nicola Di Cosmo in: The Turks: Early ages, Part 4. Huns (Xiongnu): The Origin and Rise of the Xiongnu Empire, Y. T., 2002, pp.217-227, University of Michigan, ISBN 9756782552, 9789756782552 • "There is not much doubt among historians about the Turkish nature of the Great Hun Empire, which ruled between 318 B.C. and 216 A.D., as well as that of its predecessor proto-Huns, whose presence was confirmed by Chinese sources. The Great Hun Empire, the Western Hun Empire and especially the European Huns were examined comprehensively by Western historians."
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  2306. Answer = Turks
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  2307. Sad Scandinavian noises :-)
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  2308. Huns 😏
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  2309. Khayyam Neyshabori Mitannis are indic,kushans are yuezhi
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  2310. Most of them were Germanic in origin
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  2311. Armenians didn’t even open their archives unlike Turkiye
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  2312. Turkic peoples destroyed Crusaders well Zengids, Bahrids and Ottomans did :)
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  2313. Çok stresli iş lan
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  2314. (Turks vs Turks vs Turks vs Turks vs Turks) * [999999999]
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  2315. Romanovs were nightmare of Turkic peoples, Lenin did so good against them
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  2316. They were Khalaj Turks who ruled pashtuns
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  2317. The Abbasids lost all possessions they had inherited from the previous two caliphates while most of their existence consists as a rump state protectorate of other muslim dynasties like Seljuks & Buyids, Hulagu's conquest of Baghdad finally put an end to the failed state.
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  2318. They were originally from Mongolia
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  2319. They are all English speaking today🐦
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  2320. Chadlexander the Great :)
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  2321. 🇹🇷
    3
  2322. Tughlaq Empire ❤️
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  2323. 2020: Corona Empire
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  2324. Turkish state
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  2325. 🇹🇷
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  2326. The ancient Hellenes were conquered by the Romans . Emperor Justinian destroyed the last vestiges of Hellenic civilisation , and state Christianity created a new civilisation on the ruins of the old . Koliopoulos, G. and Veremēs, T., 2007. Greece: the modern sequel. London: Hurst & Company, p.242. Hellenes as they were called, were persecuted by the enforcement of these general rules; Justinian endeavored, above all things, to deprive them of education, and he had the University of Athens closed in 529; at the same time ordering wholesale conversations. The Cambridge Medieval History volumes 1-5 by John Bagnell Bury, Paul Dalen (Goodreads Author) (Editor) And there is also evidence that the word 'Hellene' now meant 'pagan', and Justinian did conduct persecutions of Hellenes. The world of Classics in the sixth century was not entirely rosy. Scott, R., n.d. Byzantine chronicles and the sixth century And there is also evidence that the word 'Hellene' now meant 'pagan', and Justinian did conduct persecutions of Hellenes. Scott, R., n.d. Byzantine chronicles and the sixth century.
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  2327. So Bulgaria was more powerful than Romans in that time :-)
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  2328. In the light of the above outline, is it proper to think of the Ayyubid confederation as a specifically “Kurdish” state? On the level of political structure, the governing attitudes of the Ayyubid confederation can certainly be related to the political institutions of their original homeland. On the other hand, these institutions do not differ significantly from the underlying structures of contemporary Turkish states, and in many ways the Ayyubids can be understood simply as a successor kingdom to the Saljuqs.
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  2329. They were Turkic peoples both ethnically and genetically
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  2330.  @nastic_27  Murad I got killed by a coward AFTER the battle, your so call Serbian victory is only existing in your school books.
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  2331. Bronze Age meme
    3
  2332. Christian Orthodox people belonged to the millet-i Rum, and progressively, Greek became the dominant means of communication amongst the members of the millet, who were called by others and were calling themselves. Romioi. Interestingly, the term 'Hellene' still signified for most people the pagan classical tradition, and it was a term that especially the clergy was keen to eliminate. Certain evocations of the term 'Hellene' by Byzantine scholars (e.g. in the twelfth century) contained some elements of contemporary ethnic identification, but it never acquired widespread currency, it never really "caught" on' (Beaton 2007: 93). Boys-Stones, G., Graziosi, B. and Vasunia, P., n.d. The Oxford handbook of Hellenic studies. p.21 A second way that Robert establishes the moral superiority of the French over and against the Greeks is by framing the French, rather than the Byzantines, as the true Romans. On this score, it is important to note that the very naming of the Byzantines as "Greek" was an explicit rejection of the Byzantine claim that they were "Roman"-as noted in the introduc tion, the people we call Byzantines never employed the term Byzantine (it is a modern categorization), never used the Latin Graecus, and only began to employ the Greek word "Hellene" around the time of the Fourth Cru sade. Rather, they almost always self-identified as Romans." Robert not only rejects their Roman identity by referring to them as Graeci, he re peatedly asserts that it is the French, not the Byzantines, who adhere to the "law of Rome." Demacopoulos., 2019. Colonizing Christianity: Greek and Latin Religious Identity in the Era of the Fourth Crusade (Orthodox Christianity and Contemporary Thought) 1st Edition.. New York, N.Y.: Fordham University Press, p.18. Byzantine Empire was not, especially then, a national Greek state but had a broadly international character, despite the fact that Greek was the official language. In that state the Bulgarian element was preserved and could develop. Daskalov, R., 2021. Master narratives of the Middle Ages in Bulgaria. Leiden: Brill, p.114. The writer uses the ambiguous term “Hellene,” which generally means “pagan” in Byzantine Greek. Plethon and his followers used the term almost to the exclusion of all others when referring to their own countrymen. Nagy., 2003. Modern Greek Literature. Taylor & Francis, p.30. " In its final centuries , the Byzantine Empire was also called " Romania . " Remnants of this Roman heritage are still evident in such terms as " Rum " and " Rumeli . Georgius, Philippides, M. and Macarius, 1980. The fall of the Byzantine empire. Amherst, MA: Univ. of Massachusetts Pr., p.2. Given Gennadios ' strong religious and traditional orientation , one would expect him to adhere carefully to the traditional Byzantine nomenclature wherein Hellene signified pagan and Rhomaios Byzantine . Ćurčić, S. and Mouriki, D., 2019. The Twilight of Byzantium. Princeton: Princeton University Press, p.9. And there is also evidence that the word 'Hellene' now meant 'pagan', and Justinian did conduct persecutions of Hellenes. Scott, R., n.d. Byzantine chronicles and the sixth century. The Byzantine Empire was officially called the Empire of the Romans, not the Greeks, Hellenes, or whatever. And if we proceed from the northern theory of the formation of the state, then we could not know about the Hellenic Greeks, Venetian-Venets in any way due to the lack of direct contacts. At that time, the word “Hellene” among the Romans meant a pagan and a traitor. Attila Kagan of the Huns from the kind of Velsung Kindle Edition by Соловьев Сергей Юрьевич (Author) The ancient Hellenes were conquered by the Romans . Emperor Justinian destroyed the last vestiges of Hellenic civilisation , and state Christianity created a new civilisation on the ruins of the old . Koliopoulos, G. and Veremēs, T., 2007. Greece: the modern sequel. London: Hurst & Company, p.242. Hellenes as they were called, were persecuted by the enforcement of these general rules; Justinian endeavored, above all things, to deprive them of education, and he had the University of Athens closed in 529; at the same time ordering wholesale conversations. The Cambridge Medieval History volumes 1-5 by John Bagnell Bury, Paul Dalen (Goodreads Author) (Editor) And there is also evidence that the word 'Hellene' now meant 'pagan', and Justinian did conduct persecutions of Hellenes. The world of Classics in the sixth century was not entirely rosy. Scott, R., n.d. Byzantine chronicles and the sixth century It is believed that there was some kind of trade route, but the object of exchange is not clear. The Baltic States could offer amber, but the path along the Elbe and then the Danube is better and safer than the path "From the Varangians to the Greeks" invented by idle historians. First, where did the Greeks come from? The Byzantine Empire was officially called the Empire of the Romans, not the Greeks, Hellenes, or whatever. And if we proceed from the northern theory of the formation of the state, then the Veneti Veneti could not know about the Greek-Hellenes, due to the lack of direct contacts. At that time, the word "Hellene" among the Romans meant a pagan and a traitor. And the term Varangian, unknown even among the Scandinavians, at least in Saxon Grammar it does not occur, from the word at all. The way from Wagry sounds more reasonable, and where? If we translate the term "Hellene" as a pagan, then we get that the way from Wagri to the east was the way of pagan pilgrims. Russia the formation of the state in the 9th century Veneds and the severjans (northerners), part of the Huns, which became the basis of a new community Kindle Edition by Solovyov Sergey (Author) Although the Breviarum has some major flaws, including a lacuna for nearly the entire reign of Constans II (r. 641-668), it is nonetheless one of the most important sources for his tory from the reign of Phocas through Constantine V-in no small part due to the fame of its author rather than the work's intrinsic merit.79 Nikephoros' use of names in this text is somewhat idiosyncratic. This short history does not have much on language-the sole mention of Latin names it 'Itaλ@v qwvn.80 He never refers to Greek, but 'Hellene' is invari ably a pejorative term, used in the sense of meaning 'pagan. On the other hand, he regularly glosses 'Christians' as meaning 'Romans' in a cultural and even political sense. Like other Greek-writing authors of this period, Nikephoros displays a high degree of laxity of precision in his terminology. In spite of the relatively relaxed attitudes adopted by contemporaries with respect to linguistic labels, it is clear that the later medieval and mod ern colloquial usage of the signifier Roman' for the Greek language is unprecedented in the early middle ages. Where the 'Roman tongue" is mentioned in the sources, it is always Latin which is signified-and this is consistent from Procopius in the sixth century through Constantine VII in the tenth. WHALIN, D., 2022. ROMAN IDENTITY FROM THE ARAB CONQUESTS TO THE TRIUMPH OF ORTHODOXY. [S.l.]: PALGRAVE MACMILLAN, p.31.
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  2333.  @andriusgimbutas3723  The ruling houses weren’t Slavs by origin same with rulers of Kievan Rus and Tsardom of Russia who were also not Slavs
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  2334. Genocidal history 😐
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  2335. Barış hikayeleri falan palavra hep Yunanistan’a çok daha sert politikalar uygulamak lazım tüm çıkarlarımız çatıştığı için yumuşamak asla doğru olmayacaktır.
    3
  2336. Basil II 🌝
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  2337. History of Central Asia +1
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  2338. Kosova is Serbia comments incoming...
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  2339. Türk Power
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  2340. Oraya kadar izledin mi :0
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  2341. fort comme un turc [adj] très fort ; vigoureux ; robuste ; costaud Origin and definition Today, a Turk is just another human being. And even if there are Turks who hold world records in weightlifting, nothing seems to justify calling a Turk more strong than a Greek, a Monegasque or a Chinese. But we must not forget the history of Turkey. Before this country became what it is today, there was the Ottoman Empire built by a people of warriors through conquests in Europe, Africa and Asia. These Turkish or Ottoman fighters impressed by their strength, their courage and also their brutality, their cruelty. Thus in the 17th and 18th centuries, the Turk symbolized the unbeliever, the brutal enemy. It was also said of someone who was rude and ruthless that he was "a real Turk" and to treat someone "Turkish" was to treat him unceremoniously. The expression originated in the mid-15th century, shortly after the capture of Constantinople (ancient Byzantium and present-day Istanbul) by the troops of Sultan Mehmet II in 1453. Examples “I have two, sir, who, without vanity, could be presented to the pope, especially my eldest, who is a pretty bit of a girl. I am raising her to be a countess, although her mother does not want it. How old is she, sir, this future countess? But she is approaching fifteen years old: already that is a fathom taller for you, nice, fresh as an April morning, agile, uncoupled, sprightly, and above all strong as a Turk. Devil ! these are good dispositions for being a countess. Oh ! her mother may say so, she will be. » Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra - Don Quixote of La Mancha
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  2342. Chadic people
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  2343. Iranians are actually Indo-Iranized natives like Elamites and Kassites
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  2344. Umayyads conquered the entire Iranic, Amazigh, Egyptian, Spanish, Portuguese, Basque, Aramaic, Canaanite peoples but they could’t even conquer one Turkic state or tribe because Tengrist nomadic Turkic empires stopped them. These are; Danube Bulgars, Turgesh Khaganate, Khazar Khaganate, Second Turkic Khaganate, Alchons, Nezaks and Turk Shahi.
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  2345. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
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  2346. From the beginning the Turks were noted for their superior military qualities, which seem to have lain mainly in their use of mounted bowmen and the nomadic speed of their cavalry. From this time on the Caliphs relied to an increasing extent on Turkish troops and commanders, to the detriment of the older cultured peoples in Islam, the Arabs and the Persians. The progressive militarization of the regime increased their strength. By the eleventh century the Turks were entering the world of Islam, not only as individuals recruited by capture or purchase, but by the migration of whole tribes of free nomadic Turks still organized in their own traditional way. Lewis, B. (2002) Arabs in history. Oxford: Oxford University Press, p.160
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  2347. He also met with Orhan I❤❤❤
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  2348.  @paprskomet  yes,using the word byzantine is so wrong
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  2349. Nope,Xiongnu is Turkic origin not Sinitic
    3
  2350. Wide Putin
    3
  2351. He also met with Ottoman dynasty 🙃
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  2352. not only Ottomans and Seljuks but also Zengids,Turkish beyliks and another Turkic peoples like Huns and Bulgars destroyed Romans many times
    3
  2353.  @Bolghar_wolf  Ancient Bulgarians😂😂😂🤣🤣🤣🤣 biggest joke i have ever heard
    3
  2354. 098765 Craper I mean xiongnu people and ruling class not Xiongnu Empire’s peoples ruled by Turks
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  2355. Babur❤
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  2356. Alek Shukhevych Khazars were Oghur Turks not sarmatians
    3
  2357. Almost All Crusader states got destroyed by Turks County of Edessa->Nuraddin Zangi County of Antioch->Baibars County of Jaffa and Ascalon->Baibars Lordship of Sidon->Baibars County of Tripoli->Al Mansur Qalawun Lordship of Tyre->Al Ashraf Khalil Kingdom of Jerusalem->Al Ashraf Khalil Duchy of Athens-> Turahanoğlu Ömer Bey Despotate of the Morea-> Mehmed the Conqueror Duchy of the Archipelago-> Selim II
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  2358. Bu saçma söylenti hala sürüyor muydu yaw😅
    3
  2359. Very sad for Africans 😢
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  2360. Gökkürts😍
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  2361. Only White Muzlim people with Ballz 🫣
    3
  2362. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
    3
  2363. Page -26- Teragay, the chief of the tribe of Berlas, is said to 'i have been a tnau of distinguished piety and liberality, I and he inherited an incalculable number of slieep and goata,^ cattle and servants. His wife, Tekina Kha- I toum, was virtuous and beautiful; and on the 8th ' of April, 1336, she gave birth to a son, at their encampment, near the verdant walls^ of the delicious town of Kesh. This child was the future aspirant for universal empire. Timour was of the race of Toorkish wanderers, and be was of noble lineage, amougst a people who thought much of their descent. His countrymen lived in tents, loved the wandering lives of warlike shepherds, better than the luxury and ease of cities; and, even in the countries which they had conquered, preferred an encampment in the open plains, to "a residence in the most splendid palaces. Page -194- ^ Timour was the son of Teragay Nevian. He gives the following account of his lineage, in his memoirs :—" My father told me that we were descendants from Abu-al-Atrak (father of the Turks) the son of Japhet. His fifth son, Aljeh Khan, had twin sons, Tatar and Mogul, who placed their feet on the paths of infidelity. Turaene Khan had a son Kabul, whose son, Munga Bahadur, was the father of Temugin, small estate, with not more than three or four mounted attendants. He lived iu a village, near this city of Kesh, for the men of this land prefer living in the villages, and in the plains, to living in cities. His son, also, had not more than four or five horses. I will now tell you, what was told to the ambassadors, as certain truth in this city, and in other parts. It is said that Timour, having four or five servants, went out one day to steal a sheep, and on another day a cow, by force, from the people of the country. When he had got them, be ate them with his followers ; and some because of the plunder, others because he was a brave and good hearted man, joined him, until he had a force of three hundred mounted followers. From that time be traversed the country, to rob and steal all he could lay hands on, for himself and bis companions, and he also frequented the roads, and plundered the merchants.' Narrative of the embassy of Ruy Gonzalez de Clavijo to the court of Timour at Samarcand, A.D. 1403-6 by González de Clavijo, Ruy, d. 1412; Markham, Clements R. (Clements Robert), Sir, 1830-1916 ed Page -130- On Saturday, the 12th of April, the Emperor of TrebizonJ sent for the ambassadorSj and when they ai-rivcd at his palace, they found him in a saloon, which was in an upper story ; and he received them very well. After they had spoken with him, they returned to their lodging. With the emperor was his son, who was about twenty-five years of age ; and the emperor was tall and handsome. The emperor and his son were dressed in imperial robes. They wore, on their heads, tall hats surmounted by golden cords, on the top of which were cranes' feathers; and the hats were bound with the skins of martens. They call the emperor Germanoli,' and his son Quelex -^ and they call the son emperor as well as the father, because it is the custom to call the eldest legitimate son emperor, although his father may be alive; and the Greek name for emperor, is Basilens. This emperor pays tribute to Timour Beg, and to other Turks, who are his neighbours. He is married to a relation of the Emperor of Constantinople, and his son is married to the daughter of a knight of Constantinople, and has two little daughters."
    3
  2364. 🇹🇷
    3
  2365. You got ruled by foreing peoples after Sasanians
    3
  2366. Enver Pasha was Gagauz,Hayreddin Barbarossa was Turkish
    3
  2367. And Muhammad Ali Pasha’s ancestors were from Konya🤣🤣 nice try though
    3
  2368.  @arda213  Enver Pasha was indeed Gagauz according to Ottoman sources and himself
    3
  2369.  @arda213  bi arnavut trollümüz eksikti ı da oldu
    3
  2370. Khizr was born in the 1470s on the island of Lesbos in the village Palaiokipos.[1] According to his own autobiography, he was the son of a Turkish father, Yakup, who settled in the island after its conquest by the Ottomans and a local Greek mother named Katerina.[2][3] He also referred to his father as "Yusuf Yakub al-Turki" on the inscription of the mosque he built in Algiers, thus claiming that his father was of Turkish origin.[3] Yaqub al Turki Albanian???😂😂
    3
  2371. Nooooo
    3
  2372. Ottomans conquered Cyprus from Italian peoples VENETIANS not from Greek peoples🤣
    3
  2373. Turkey Azerbaijan🌝
    3
  2374. Turkish Khazaria🇹🇷❤️
    3
  2375. 🐟🐟🐟
    3
  2376. 🇹🇷
    3
  2377. Bayanchur Khan vs Tang dynasty
    3
  2378. Yurichtube You said bad things to Turks in other comments racist kid👶
    3
  2379. Üüüüüü
    3
  2380.  @nenenindonu  aka ve idk ne demek?
    3
  2381. Chagatai Turk
    3
  2382. Forgotten Memories He called himself Timur-i Turk in Baburnama
    3
  2383. China: A New Cultural History - Sayfa 238 https://books.google.com.tr › books Cho-yun Hsu - 2012 - ‎Önizleme - ‎Diğer sürümler The Turko-Mongol Khitan (Qidan) arose at the end of the Tang, and in 938, during the Five Dynasties, Emperor Shi Jingtang of the Later Jin ceded sixteen northern prefects to them. From that point on, throughout several hundred years of the ... The New Encyclopaedia Britannica - 25. cilt - Sayfa 479 https://books.google.com.tr › books Encyclopaedia Britannica, inc - 2003 - ‎Snippet görünümü - ‎Diğer sürümler tribes of Tibet, such as the Hsi Hsia, and the Khitans (a Turco-Mongolian people from Manchuria) from raiding the borderlands and the local capital. The position of Yu- chou consequently became increasingly important. On the fall of T'ang ... https://books.google.com.tr › books The Oxford Handbook of Iranian History Touraj Daryaee · 2012 · History The Mongols were welcomed not only by the Muslims of the province but by the Turco-Mongol Khitans, who as ... Imagehttps://eprints.soas.ac.uk › Mongols... the mongols in iran - SOAS Research Online yazan: G Lane · 2012 · Alıntılanma sayısı: 11 · İlgili makaleler 8 Eki 2011 · the oxford handbook of iranian history ... Muslims of the province but by the Turco -Mongol Khitans, ... Imageeprints.lse.ac.uk › ...PDF Remnants of the Mongol imperial tradition - LSE Research Online yazan: IB Neumann · 2015 · Alıntılanma sayısı: 1 · İlgili makaleler The Khitans were a semi-nomadic Turko-Mongolian people that had established the. Liao dynasty, been displaced, and ... The Khitans are Turco-mongolic peoples like xianbei,hazara and barlas etc. So it is possible the rulers of Qara Khitai and Liao Empire had Turkic origins
    3
  2384. Lut Desert also
    3
  2385. This is the story that the seventh-century Byzantine author Theophylactus Simocatta tells about the origin of the Avars.27 He calls them Pseudo-Avars, who in reality were a band of Ogurs called Varchonites.
    3
  2386. Two cringe countries
    3
  2387. 🤨
    3
  2388. Bulgars are Turkic not slavic but bulgarians are slavic You are son of Turks :))))))
    3
  2389. 😮
    3
  2390. ❤️
    3
  2391. The Mughals (1526–1858) lost control of India in the 1700s, but many of the local rulers who replaced them were also Turks, at least until the British took over. Chase, K. (2003). Conclusion. In Firearms: A Global History to 1700 (pp. 197-210). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    3
  2392. Not really. Turkic warriors and conquests were actually key factor, not some traders.
    3
  2393. blu talhae was unclear but munmu of silla is xiongnu origin
    3
  2394.  @mydogsbutler  The ancient Hellenes were conquered by the Romans . Emperor Justinian destroyed the last vestiges of Hellenic civilisation , and state Christianity created a new civilisation on the ruins of the old . Koliopoulos, G. and Veremēs, T., 2007. Greece: the modern sequel. London: Hurst & Company, p.242. Hellenes as they were called, were persecuted by the enforcement of these general rules; Justinian endeavored, above all things, to deprive them of education, and he had the University of Athens closed in 529; at the same time ordering wholesale conversations. The Cambridge Medieval History volumes 1-5 by John Bagnell Bury, Paul Dalen (Goodreads Author) (Editor) And there is also evidence that the word 'Hellene' now meant 'pagan', and Justinian did conduct persecutions of Hellenes. The world of Classics in the sixth century was not entirely rosy. Scott, R., n.d. Byzantine chronicles and the sixth century Wow very “Hellenic” And don’t forget that the rulers were also NOT HELLENIC by origin
    3
  2395. Hayreddin Barbarosaa was greatest pirate ever❤
    3
  2396. Karakhanid and Ghaznavid gigachads as well as Turkic army of Mongol Empire made millions of Tajiks extinct👀
    3
  2397.  @muhammedburakpercemli6681  Qajar dynasty was Turkish because they came iran from Turkey/Yozgat
    3
  2398. Who said that Bulgarians are Turkic??? No one.
    3
  2399. Millions of sources about Turkic Bulgars(Proto Bulgarians not bulgarians) Learn the huge difference https://onedrive.live.com/view.aspx?resid=E081941BE68E37B5!793&ithint=file%2cdocx&authkey=!APYLiGH5ssLwVGI
    3
  2400.  @rumenoff974  Roman Conquest of Bulgaria was literally an Armeanian civil war 😅
    3
  2401. Hate both
    3
  2402.  @demetriusstiakkogiannakes1326  Armenians ruled Greeks like 400 years😂😂😂
    3
  2403.  @demetriusstiakkogiannakes1326  All sources say Justinian dynasty was of Illyrian origin don’t create pseudo history
    3
  2404.  @wankawanka3053  Eastern Romans were referred to as the Roman Empire (Rum) in all Turkic and Arabic sources. Medieval Turks and Arabs knew that they had nothing to do with Hellenic peoples. Even this is enough to refute the nonsense invented by the ultra-nationalist Greeks to portray the state as Greek. The Greeks often resort to such lies to hide that they have always been ruled by others throughout history. And also, the Roman Empire was a single state, a state called eastern rome or byzantine is not mentioned in historical documents. “Imperum Romanum” is always the official name of the state. (Not Imperium Grecum ;) ) Also, the Greeks are trying to steal not only the late Roman empire, but even the Pontus kingdom, which has nothing to do with them 🤣 The Romans really put an end to Hellenism and made you a "nothing" in history.
    3
  2405. Jacob Yonbo Karim Khan had Luri background not Turkish
    3
  2406. 1568-1570 Astrakhan Expedition (Russian Victory) [1] 1571, Fire of Moscow=Turk win 1572 Battle of Molodism (Russian Victory) [3] The Ottoman-Russian War of 1676-1681=Turk win 1686-1700 Ottoman-Russian War (Russian Victory) [5] 1710-1711 Prut war =Turk win 1768-1774 Ottoman-Russian War (Russian Victory) [9] 1735-1739 Ottoman-Russian-Austrian War=Turk win 1787-1792 Ottoman-Russian War (Russian Victory) [10] 1806-1812 Ottoman-Russian War=Turk win Ottoman-Russian War of 1806-1812 (Russian Victory) [11] The Crimean War of 1853-1856 =Turk win Ottoman-Russian War of 1828-1829 (Russian Victory) [13] 1914-1917 World War I Caucasus Front=Turk win.Although the battles were won, the Ottomans had no use as they lost World War I. The Ottoman-Russian War of 1877-1878 (Russian Victory) [15] So the victories and defeats are almost the same.Moreover, the Ottoman Empire was not technologically more powerful.it was also a very Great state that had received 30 years tax from Ottoman America.Although 625 years was a foreign race in Europe, it challenged the whole world.In the Ottoman Empire, the era of technology began to collapse.they believed in their military success, but what was important was military technology.
    3
  2407. 🇹🇷
    3
  2408.  @upeupenieks7876  Turkic is ethnolinguistic group like Slavic and Ethno-linguistic group already means union of closely related ethnic groups.
    3
  2409.  @AKAZA-kq8jd  Bodonchir was legend not even a real person
    3
  2410. They have no common ancestor according to Y-Dna tests. Ulugh Beg claimed his ancestry for political reasons.
    3
  2411. 🐸
    3
  2412. Big Bang Nadir Şah gelmiş geçmiş en büyük 10-15 komutandan biri
    3
  2413. We wuz Kangz
    3
  2414. If you have invaded other people's lands, eventually those lands will be gone :)
    3
  2415. Turkey %27
    3
  2416. Nah
    3
  2417. Timur the Lamest But he is Turk
    3
  2418. Timur the Lamest If you look at the history you will see Turks who fought with each other
    3
  2419. 👽
    3
  2420. VLAD THE COWARD
    3
  2421. Turks did more thing for Islam than Arabs we found more empires, won more battles and of course better warriors and conquerors. Half of top 50 islamic states and warriors were Turkic.
    3
  2422.  @TheColombiano89  Tarim Basin mummies are Tocharic
    3
  2423. Serbkanderbeg je Kosovo
    3
  2424. Mission Impossible
    3
  2425.  @CenabNagiyev  Azerbaycanlılar israili çok sevir
    3
  2426. Turks = Best Muslim Conquerors
    3
  2427. Almost All Crusader states got destroyed by Turks County of Edessa->Nuraddin Zangi County of Antioch->Baibars County of Jaffa and Ascalon->Baibars Lordship of Sidon->Baibars County of Tripoli->Al Mansur Qalawun Lordship of Tyre->Al Ashraf Khalil Kingdom of Jerusalem->Al Ashraf Khalil Duchy of Athens-> Turahanoğlu Ömer Bey Duchy of the Archipelago-> Selim II
    3
  2428. Dragut 😭
    3
  2429. Most based slavery was Ottoman one, not African or European.
    3
  2430. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
    3
  2431.  @dimitrisgavalas4326  speak english
    3
  2432.  @bghn4114  CCCCCCAAAAAPPPPP🧢🧢🧢🧢🧢🧢🧢🧢🧢🧢
    3
  2433.  White Pride  they were white Germanic peoples🤣🤣🤣
    3
  2434. 0:22 :)
    3
  2435. Thx from Turkey
    3
  2436. I hope yes
    3
  2437.  @cyrusa-ww3ib  he was turkish dynasty like aq qoyunlu
    3
  2438. Thx sir
    3
  2439. Ashoka the Great !
    3
  2440. King Levon VI Lusignan He missed Eldiguzids
    3
  2441. Egypt
    3
  2442. Byzantine Romans got ruled by many different dynasties and ETHNICITIES LOL
    3
  2443. Many Turkic empires in video 😍
    3
  2444. Михаил Банов Second Bulgarian Empire was of Cuman origin(All Dynasties)
    3
  2445. Asmoh We found and ruled Bulgaria 1000 years
    3
  2446. Asmoh But Bulgarians denying our history (Turkic Bulgars) because of Anti-Turkism in Bulgaria
    3
  2447.  @persianguy1524  By the late 19th century, when much of Islamic Central Asia was conquered by the Russian Empire, the region was home to tens of thousands of slaves. Most of these slaves were Shiʿa Muslims from northern Iran, though the slave trade also ensnared many Russians, Armenians, Kalmyks, and others. Slave labor was especially commonplace in the Sunni Muslim domains of Khwarazm and Bukhara, where enslaved people constituted a substantial proportion of all agricultural workers, domestic servants, and soldiers. Slaves also labored in many other roles, and an individual slave could be tasked with a variety of jobs. Slaves served, for example, as concubines, craftsmen, miners, herdsmen, entertainers, blacksmiths, calligraphers, and even, in rare instances, as government officials. Before the 16th century, the majority of the slaves in Central Asia—defined here as the region extending from the eastern shores of the Caspian Sea through Xinjiang, China, and from southern Siberia to northern Iran—seem to have been trafficked to the region from India. This changed in the 16th and 17th centuries, as a significant number of Iranian war-captives were brought north and enslaved during the course of numerous armed conflicts between the Central Asian Uzbeks and Iranian Safavids. Many of these slaves evidently labored on the region’s rapidly expanding agricultural estates. In the 18th and 19th centuries, frequent Turkmen raids into northern Iran resulted in tens of thousands of Iranian Shiʿas being captured and funneled into a booming slave trade in Khwarazm and Bukhara. Further north, a much smaller number of Russians were seized and sold into slavery by Kazakh nomads along the steppe frontier. Eden, J. Slavery in Islamic Central Asia. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History.
    3
  2448.  @persianguy1524  Persian rule in Iran broadly ended with the Islamic conquest (mid 7th century) resulting with a dominant Arabic, Turkic, and Mongolic rule whereas only 2 Iranian dynasties, Buyids and Zands, managed to rule Iran Foreign rule in Persia ; Macedonians(Hellen) Seleucids(Hellen) Rashiduns(Arab) Umayyads(Arab) Abbasids(Arab) Ghaznavids(Turk) Seljuks(Turk) Eldiguzids(Turk) Khwarezmids(Turk) Chingissids(Mongol) Ilkhanids(Mongol) Muzaffarids(Arab) Timurids(Turk) Karakoyunlu(Turk) Akkoyunlu(Turk) Safavids(Turk) Afsharids(Turk) Qajars(Turk)
    3
  2449.  @persianguy1524  The fact that formerly Iranic inhabited regions like Azerbaijan and much of modern Central Asia have become Turkic populated lands now says a lot about who dominated whom
    3
  2450.  @CheLanguages  i did. I would like to see Bulgar, Chagatai Turkic and Gokturk languages in part 3 👀 👄
    3
  2451. Nahuan peoples
    3
  2452. Niggader Shah
    3
  2453. Nikov is the first Bulgarian historian to pay special attention to, and attri bute great significance to, the Turkic components in the Bulgarian ethnogen esis (i.e., after the Bulgars) and among the ruling aristocracy. He elaborated on the issue of the "Turkic element's" influence upon Bulgarian history in a 1928 unpublished manuscript (delivered as a public lecture). Nikov began with the following policy-setting statement: There is no period in our history on which the Turkic element did not exert its strongest influence and did not leave the deepest traces in the development of our people. [...] None of the Balkan peoples has experi enced the Turkic influence so strongly as our people, The Turkic pressure began from Central Asia and had two directions to the northwest through southern Russia, and to the southwest through Persia and Asia Minor. The Bulgarian state was founded due to one of the Turkic peoples, the Bulgars, who themselves joined a number of Turkic tribal alliances (of Huns, Kutrigurs, Utigurs, Avars, and Khazars). During Byzantine rule, the Turkic Pechenegs and Uz came from the north; many of them crossed the Danube and were assimilated by the Bulgarian people. Then came the Cumans, without whose decisive help the uprising of Asenevtsi would hardly have succeeded. Thus, just as the First Bulgarian Kingdom was founded with the help of the Turkic Bulgars, the Second Kingdom was founded with "the decisive collabora tion of the Turkic Cumans."129 Not only did Cumans settle south of the Danube and become assimilated and absorbed by the Slavic-Bulgarian people, but they were also of great significance politically in the Second Kingdom, whose dynas ties all had Cuman blood in them. There were also many Bulgarian boyars of Cuman origin, including Balic in Dobrudzha. It could even be said that the Cumans acquired a dominant position in the political life of the state. 130 There followed the influence of the Mongol Tartars, who even supplied one Bulgarian king, Chaka. But of greatest importance were the Ottoman and Seljuk Turks, who conquered the Balkans from Asia Minor. Concerning the Cumans, Nikov considers the "transfusion of blood" from Turkic "elements" an asset, a means of rejuvenating and strengthening the "race" and enhancing the vitality of the Bulgarian people (in contrast with the conquering Turks).
    3
  2454. Everybody hates Turks as well.
    3
  2455. Views😮
    3
  2456. Kaan Özdil 🇹🇷😼
    3
  2457.  ozymandias nero nulifidian  Key word: Collapse
    3
  2458. Turk is here
    3
  2459. mehrdad 576 You are Afshar Turk just like Nader Shah the Great Afshar😍😍😍😍😍😍😍
    3
  2460. mehrdad 576 Top 10 Turk commanders Suleiman the Magnificient Tamerlane Babur Shah Mehmet the Conqueror Selim I Nader Shah Modu Chanyu Bumin Qaghan Alp Arslan Mahmud of Ghaznavid
    3
  2461. Ulu Gaga The dynasty was founded by Eretna, an officer of Uyghur[2][3][4][5][6] origin in the service of Ilkhanid governors of Anatolia.
    3
  2462. Nooooooo
    3
  2463.  @simulify8726  The arrival of the Turks in the Muslim world pushed Muslim power further into India. Of particular note is Mahmud of Ghazni (r. 997-1030), a Turkic sultan who was the first to lead military expeditions deep into India. By establishing himself as the leader of an autonomous state based in Ghazni in the Afghan highlands, he was close enough to India to focus much of his attention on the subcontinent. His seventeen military campaigns into northern India served as the basis of his rule, bringing wealth and power to him and his empire. While his raids were no doubt detrimental to local power and rule in India, he also established major cultural centers and helped spread Persian culture throughout his reign. The legendary Persian poet Firdawsi, who perhaps did more to revive ancient Persian culture than any other person after the country's conversion to Islam, and al-Biruni, a scientist, historian, geologist and physicist, were both mainstays of Mahmud's court. Because of his status as a patron of the arts coupled with his ruthless raids into India, Mahmud of Ghazni's legacy in India today is colored by modern politics as much as anyone else. Regardless of his legacy, Mahmud and the Ghaznavid Dynasty he founded laid the foundation for Muslim conquest in India. The succeeding dynasty, the Ghurids, also ruled out of Afghanistan, and managed to push their borders even further into India, capturing Delhi in 1192. The Ghurids relied on slave soldiers of Turkic origin who formed the core of their army, much like the contemporary Ayyubids further west in the Muslim world. Like their counterparts in Egypt, who established the Mamluk Sultanate, the slave soldiers in India eventually overthrew their masters and inaugurated their own dynasty: the Delhi Sultanate.
    3
  2464.  @Homeschoolsw6  Ottomans were already known as Turks or Turkey
    3
  2465.  @zanews23  I don’t know if Khalaj language is cool or not but the Khalaj people who were really important in South Asian history were absolutely cool.
    3
  2466. Hunnic has been considered as related to the extinct Bulgar and to present-day Chuvash in various schemesof genetic relationship. Today these languages areclassified, alongside with Khazar and Turkic Avar, asmembers of the Oghuric branch of the Turkic language family. The suggestion that Hunnic was a Turkic languagearises from the identification of Hunnic names and otherHunnic lexical items as Turkic, some attested in thesurviving literary records, [Notably as documented in theworks of Maenchen-Helfen (1973), Pritsak (1982), Kemal (2002).] some recorded on artifacts recovered byarchaeologists. [The decipherment of the inscription onthe Khan Diggiz plate by Mukhamadiev (1995) revealsthe language to be West Hunnic.] The conclusion that Hunnic belongs to the Oghuricbranch of Turkic arises from the reasoning that theknown vocabulary shows the language to belong to the"r-" and "l-"type, as summarized by Johanson: "It isassumed that the Huns also were speakers of an "r-" and "l-"type Turkic language and that their migrationwas responsible for the appearance of this language inthe West." The "r-" and "l-" type language ("Lir"-Turkic) is nowdocumented only by Chuvash, the only subsistingmember of the Oghuric branch of Turkic. The rest of theTurkic languages (Common Turkic) are of the "z-" and"š-" type (also referred to as "Shaz"-Turkic). Johanson(1998); cf. Johanson (2000, 2007) and the articlespertaining to the subject in Johanson & Csató (ed., 1998).]
    3
  2467. Angry Balkan noises .D
    3
  2468. Timur😍😍😍
    3
  2469. Indic countries: India Pakistan Nepal Sri Lanka Bangladesh Maldives
    3
  2470.  @ruskyalmond1977  is Burmish
    3
  2471. Müq
    3
  2472. Kipchak
    3
  2473. Ismet Inönü is one of the worst leaders of Turkey🤮🤮🤮
    3
  2474.  @faroukmujahid5238  Tell me a single state that has lived for more than 500 years, ruled 3 continents, had a single dynasty (or ruled by only one ethnicity), ruled over 50 ethnicities, demonstrated its strength to the superpower empires around it many times, reached more than 100 times its initial border and became a superpower for over 300 years. never mind :-)
    3
  2475.  @faroukmujahid5238  How many battles they even won 😅 Ottoman Empire won more than 500 battles, conquered more than 50 states and existed 623 years
    3
  2476.  @faroukmujahid5238  Ottomans> Umayyads, Rashiduns and Abbasids combined
    3
  2477.  @faroukmujahid5238  Umayyads couldn’t even conquer small Indic and Turkic kingdoms😅😅😅
    3
  2478.  @E001-f8g  Umayyads ruled deserts mostly
    3
  2479.  @E001-f8g  Bigger doesn’t mean better by this logic Khazar Empire was better than Holy Roman Empire because they were bigger😅
    3
  2480. 4ris V4sili4dis urartular çeçen
    3
  2481.  @Orgil.  Before the rise of Genghis Khan Mongolic was spreading at westward and absorbing Turkic speakers (Janhunen, 2008). During the Mongol expansion, Turkic speakers whose tribes and states had been incorporated into the Mongol empire were so much more numerous than Mongols that, although Mongolian was the language of command, it was Turkic rather than Mongolic speech that was chiefly spread across Central Asia and the central and western steppe. Antonio Benítez-Burraco, ‎Steven Moran 2018 p.92
    3
  2482. 🤨
    3
  2483. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
    3
  2484. Most of the Mongolic loanwords in Turkic were transmitted during and after the Mongol empire , but there are items obviously predating the rise of the historical Mongols.598 The Turkic loanwords in Mongolic , on the other hand were transmitted in at least two major waves, of which only the second corresponds to the period of Turkic dominance in Mongolia . The loanwords of this second wave bear linguistic characteristics more or less congruous with the historically recorded Turkic idioms of the Turk and Uighur Khanates.599 The loanwords of the first wave , however , derive from a Turkic language of a fundamentally different type .
    3
  2485.  @theegyptianpharaonicking3849  he is troll account
    3
  2486. Idiot kid,he was Turkmen origin from the Afshar tribe AFSHAR TURKMENS
    3
  2487. Brazil lol
    3
  2488. Earthquake😢
    3
  2489.  @Nastya_07 eniseic origin of Huns/Xiongnu is as real as Turkic origins of Kushans.
    3
  2490. Araplar islamdan önce İran ve Roma kuklasıydı haçlı seferleri sonrası da Türk/Berberi/ve özellikle de AVRUPA ülkelerinin kuklası oldular.
    3
  2491. Some Greeks who remained in the East , like the chronicler Kritovoulos , saw Mehmed II as a great ruler and military genius .
    3
  2492. Malt yok
    3
  2493.  @zaraustravaejah8488  Real Academic sources never ever took paniranist ultra fringe claims serious🤣🤣
    3
  2494.  @zaraustravaejah8488  Why you are so scaring to talk your %12 Aryan Sintasha ancestors and %70 Elamite ones🤣🤣😅😅
    3
  2495. First Colonial Empire 🤨
    3
  2496. Atilla GokTurk 8.10 da Tulunids var ya o Türk işte Tolunoğulları :)) 880li yıllarda Ahmet ibn Tolun Anadoluya girmiş
    3
  2497. Kutay Atay Ataman Ottoman oluyor işte :)))
    3
  2498. Kutay Atay Videodaki Eretnaoğulları Uygur beyliğidir
    3
  2499. Sezar Kurd 😂😂😂🤣🤣😂 Göktürkler kalmış bi kürt demediğin yoksa Gökkürtler mi😂😂😂
    3
  2500. Averroes Córdoba Onlar irani kavim ama kürt değil kürtçe konuşmadıkları %100 kesin
    3
  2501. Sen Ermeni olduğu kesin olan komageneleri çalınca yalan olmuyor da ben bunu dillendirince mi yalan oluyor😂😂
    3
  2502. Sana veya sizin sayfaların hayallerine göre öyle olabilir,gerçeği değiştirmez https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Commagene 😂😂
    3
  2503. Ali Kurdish Wolff Saladin is good warrior,one of the best 100 warriors in history like Nuraddin Zengi but i think Nuraddin was a little better than Saladin
    3
  2504. 😐😭
    3
  2505. MANY TURK STATES IN VIDEO😍😍😍
    3
  2506. Turkey
    3
  2507.  Peter Todorov  As the number of evidence of linguistic, ethnographic and socio-political nature show that Bulgars belonged to the group of Turkic peoples.[36][24][26][30] The Bulgars (also Bolgars or proto-Bulgarians[40]) were a semi-nomadic people of Turkic descent, originally from Central Asia, who from the 2nd century onwards dwelled in the steppes north of the Caucasus and around the banks of river Volga (then Itil). https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria Bulgars (< Turkic bulgha- ‘to mix, stir up, disturb’, i.e. ‘rebels’) A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian-Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiongnu (late 3rd cent. ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-820 Many Slavic tribes lived within the boundaries of the state, together with the proto-Bulgarians, a tribe of Turkic origin that had settled in the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 7th century. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boris-I The Bulgars were a Turkic tribal confederation that gave rise to the Balkan Bulgar and Volga Bulgar states.The ethynonym derives from the Turkish bulgha-,”to stir,mix,disturb,confuse.” https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=c788wWR_bLwC&pg=PA354&redir_esc=y&hl=tr#v=onepage&q=Bulgars&f=false (Harvard University Press) The Volga Bulgars, a Turkish tribe then living on the east bank of the Volga River, ... the laws of Islam to the Bulgars, who had recently converted to the religion. http://www.bookrags.com/research/ahmad-ibn-fadlan-ued/#gsc.tab=0 Eastern Bulgars , Bulgars Ancient Turkic people originating in the region n and e of the Black Sea. https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/balkan-states Volga Bulgaria was a northeastern European Turkic state that formed during the 9th century and continued into the first four decades of the 13th century. https://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe009 https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopedia-of-slavic-languages-and-linguistics-online/*-COM_031941 https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-3/bulghars-COM_23726 https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-Bulgar+languages https://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Bulgars https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Bulgar https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Bolgars https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Bulgars https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-bulgarians https://xn--80ad7bbk5c.xn--p1ai/en/content/brief-history-suvar-bulgars http://bulgarizdat.ru/index.php/book1/article1-1 Bulgars, Eastern bŭl´gärz, –gərz [key], Turkic-speaking people, who possessed a powerful state (10th–14th cent.) at the confluence of the Volga and the Kama, E European Russia. https://www.factmonster.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern (Cambridge University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=Ylz4fe7757cC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=proto+bulgars&source=bl&ots=vvGsuu2J3g&sig=ACfU3U2YuPKKdgVQKhoUi2fyDiC99n4N_Q&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiRqIaDlNvmAhWM-yoKHW38DDI4FBDoATAAegQIBRAB#v=onepage&q=proto%20bulgars&f=false Population genetic analysis indicated that Conquerors had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-53105-5 https://hizliresim.com/stAHqu (Bulgar genetic proximity) Thus supporting the view that Tatars may be descendents of ancient Bulgars. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22520580/ Onogur-Bulgars had been part of the Hunnic people, and after the death of Attila’s son Irnik, European Hun remains fused with the Onogurs. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/250688v1.full However, given the common Turkic genetic background of the Bulgars and Khazars, these ethnicities may be difficult to tell apart either archaeologically or genetically. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2019.12.15.876912v1.full.pdf Most Tatars trace their descent to Volga Bulgars, a medieval Turkic people who have inhabited the Middle Volga and lower Kama region. https://online.ucpress.edu/search-results?page=1&q=Bulgars Population genetic results indicate that they had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6193700/ Population genetic results indicate that they had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0205920&type=printable Onogur-Bulgars had been part of the Hunnic people, and after the death of Attila’s son Irnik, European Hun remains fused with the Onogurs. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6193700/ Caucasus as the first Turkic peoples (Avars, Bulgars, Huns, Khazars, Pechenegs) arrived. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Exile https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.2307/2849381?journalCode=spc https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.2307/2853091?journalCode=spc https://brill.com/view/book/edcoll/9789047423560/Bej.9789004163898.i-492_006.xml
    3
  2508. Turkic peoples made millions of Indic peoples Muslims
    3
  2509.  @zarni000  keep living in your fantasy world🤣🤣🤣 Turkic peoples like Bulgars Cumans and Ottomans ruled over your grandmothers 1000 years 😅😅😅
    3
  2510. We Turks always destroyed Romans 👊👊👊
    3
  2511.  @figaroo4816  Turks were always superpower in history since BC 210
    3
  2512. Bulgars are part of my history according to scholars and historical sources. How can I steal my own history 🤣🤣😂😂🤣🤣😂😂 https://www.oxfordreference.com/search?q=Bulgars&searchBtn=Search&isQuickSearch=true And don’t forget slavic bulgarians didn’t existed at the time of turkic bulgars
    3
  2513.  Peter Todorov  hhhh cry As the number of evidence of linguistic, ethnographic and socio-political nature show that Bulgars belonged to the group of Turkic peoples.[36][24][26][30] The Bulgars (also Bolgars or proto-Bulgarians[40]) were a semi-nomadic people of Turkic descent, originally from Central Asia, who from the 2nd century onwards dwelled in the steppes north of the Caucasus and around the banks of river Volga (then Itil). https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria Bulgars (< Turkic bulgha- ‘to mix, stir up, disturb’, i.e. ‘rebels’) A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian-Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiongnu (late 3rd cent. ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-820 Many Slavic tribes lived within the boundaries of the state, together with the proto-Bulgarians, a tribe of Turkic origin that had settled in the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 7th century. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boris-I The Bulgars were a Turkic tribal confederation that gave rise to the Balkan Bulgar and Volga Bulgar states.The ethynonym derives from the Turkish bulgha-,”to stir,mix,disturb,confuse.” https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=c788wWR_bLwC&pg=PA354&redir_esc=y&hl=tr#v=onepage&q=Bulgars&f=false (Harvard University Press) The Volga Bulgars, a Turkish tribe then living on the east bank of the Volga River, ... the laws of Islam to the Bulgars, who had recently converted to the religion. http://www.bookrags.com/research/ahmad-ibn-fadlan-ued/#gsc.tab=0 Eastern Bulgars , Bulgars Ancient Turkic people originating in the region n and e of the Black Sea. https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/balkan-states Volga Bulgaria was a northeastern European Turkic state that formed during the 9th century and continued into the first four decades of the 13th century. https://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe009 https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopedia-of-slavic-languages-and-linguistics-online/*-COM_031941 https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-3/bulghars-COM_23726 https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-Bulgar+languages https://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Bulgars https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Bulgar https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Bolgars https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Bulgars https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-bulgarians https://xn--80ad7bbk5c.xn--p1ai/en/content/brief-history-suvar-bulgars http://bulgarizdat.ru/index.php/book1/article1-1 Bulgars, Eastern bŭl´gärz, –gərz [key], Turkic-speaking people, who possessed a powerful state (10th–14th cent.) at the confluence of the Volga and the Kama, E European Russia. https://www.factmonster.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern (Cambridge University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=Ylz4fe7757cC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=proto+bulgars&source=bl&ots=vvGsuu2J3g&sig=ACfU3U2YuPKKdgVQKhoUi2fyDiC99n4N_Q&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiRqIaDlNvmAhWM-yoKHW38DDI4FBDoATAAegQIBRAB#v=onepage&q=proto%20bulgars&f=false Population genetic analysis indicated that Conquerors had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-53105-5 https://hizliresim.com/stAHqu (Bulgar genetic proximity) Thus supporting the view that Tatars may be descendents of ancient Bulgars. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22520580/ Onogur-Bulgars had been part of the Hunnic people, and after the death of Attila’s son Irnik, European Hun remains fused with the Onogurs. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/250688v1.full However, given the common Turkic genetic background of the Bulgars and Khazars, these ethnicities may be difficult to tell apart either archaeologically or genetically. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2019.12.15.876912v1.full.pdf Most Tatars trace their descent to Volga Bulgars, a medieval Turkic people who have inhabited the Middle Volga and lower Kama region. https://online.ucpress.edu/search-results?page=1&q=Bulgars Population genetic results indicate that they had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6193700/ Population genetic results indicate that they had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0205920&type=printable Onogur-Bulgars had been part of the Hunnic people, and after the death of Attila’s son Irnik, European Hun remains fused with the Onogurs. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6193700/ Caucasus as the first Turkic peoples (Avars, Bulgars, Huns, Khazars, Pechenegs) arrived. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Exile https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.2307/2849381?journalCode=spc https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.2307/2853091?journalCode=spc https://brill.com/view/book/edcoll/9789047423560/Bej.9789004163898.i-492_006.xml
    3
  2514.  @KhansDen  Mongolic history is starting with Genghis Khan
    3
  2515.  @middleeastrenwarriormen1017  Khitans were Para-Mongolic never proto. Just look at their numerals.
    3
  2516. 12-18 i think
    3
  2517. Turkic Conqueror❤❤❤
    3
  2518. Mad Turk😅
    3
  2519. 🤦‍♂️
    3
  2520. It should be
    3
  2521. Iran and Russia hate too
    3
  2522.  @tede9680  "Grand Vizier Köprülü Mehmed Pasha could have accepted Rákóczi on the Polish throne only if the Poles requested this from the padishah, and if Rákóczi ruled the Commonwealth as an Ottoman vassal (akin to Stephen Báthory, whom the Poles had elected their king in 1576)." ‪The Last Muslim Conquest: The Ottoman Empire and Its Wars in Europe‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ ‪Gábor Ágoston‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ Princeton University Press "Stefan Bathory of Transylvania was crowned king of Poland. Bathory had dreams of a great central European kingdom from which he could advance to the expulsion of the Turk from Europe. Fortunately for the Ottomans (who had not objected to his promotion even though he was nominally a Turkish vassal) most of his warlike energies were directed against Russia." ‪The Ottoman Empire 1326–1699‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ ‪Stephen Turnbull‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ Bloomsbury Publishing
    3
  2523.  @Tobish_Nuristani  The Prestige Makers: Greek Slave Women in Ancient India Kathryn A. HainLink to Orcid Journal of World History University of Hawai'i Press Volume 31, Number 2, June 2020 pp. 265-294
    3
  2524. The ancient Hellenes were conquered by the Romans . Emperor Justinian destroyed the last vestiges of Hellenic civilisation , and state Christianity created a new civilisation on the ruins of the old . Koliopoulos, G. and Veremēs, T., 2007. Greece: the modern sequel. London: Hurst & Company, p.242. Hellenes as they were called, were persecuted by the enforcement of these general rules; Justinian endeavored, above all things, to deprive them of education, and he had the University of Athens closed in 529; at the same time ordering wholesale conversations. The Cambridge Medieval History volumes 1-5 by John Bagnell Bury, Paul Dalen (Goodreads Author) (Editor) And there is also evidence that the word 'Hellene' now meant 'pagan', and Justinian did conduct persecutions of Hellenes. The world of Classics in the sixth century was not entirely rosy. Scott, R., n.d. Byzantine chronicles and the sixth century
    3
  2525. Ruling class of Russia was never Slavic😹😹😹 Turk and Danish rulers fought🤣🤣🤣
    3
  2526.  @chucklynch6523  most of their army was ethnically Turkic
    3
  2527.  @chucklynch6523  Mongolic peoples were only a small minority in Mongol army
    3
  2528. The whole of Greece was under foreign rule for many centuries,starting with the Roman conquest in the second century BC. What distinguishes the Ionian Islands from the rest of Greece is that, with some exceptions, they did not form part of the Ottoman Empire, while the rest of the Greek world was under Ottoman rule for anything between two hundred and five hundred years. The fact that these islands were ruled by Catholics rather than Muslims has made them strikingly different from the rest of Greece, in language, music, costume, cuisine and architecture. Hirst, A. and Sammon, P., 2014. The Ionian Islands. p.2.
    3
  2529. Genghis Khan is described as endowed with the highest intellect and a superhuman willpower , which enabled him to unite heterogeneous Turkic and Mongolian tribes into a single whole .
    3
  2530.  @trantorcapitalofthegalacti3173  Gröök ömpörö 😂
    3
  2531. Cambridge book page 86 https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=qwwoozMU0LMC&pg=PA86&redir_esc=y&hl=tr#PPA87,M1 Safavids Turkish Dynasty
    3
  2532.  @-_--vx5hz  gibberish again
    3
  2533. Catch_Me_If_You_Can Read this again and cry more😂😂 As the number of evidence of linguistic, ethnographic and socio-political nature show that Bulgars belonged to the group of Turkic peoples.[36][24][26][30] The Bulgars (also Bolgars or proto-Bulgarians[40]) were a semi-nomadic people of Turkic descent, originally from Central Asia, who from the 2nd century onwards dwelled in the steppes north of the Caucasus and around the banks of river Volga (then Itil). https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria Bulgars (< Turkic bulgha- ‘to mix, stir up, disturb’, i.e. ‘rebels’) A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian-Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiongnu (late 3rd cent. ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-820 Many Slavic tribes lived within the boundaries of the state, together with the proto-Bulgarians, a tribe of Turkic origin that had settled in the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 7th century. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boris-I The Bulgars were a Turkic tribal confederation that gave rise to the Balkan Bulgar and Volga Bulgar states.The ethynonym derives from the Turkish bulgha-,”to stir,mix,disturb,confuse.” https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=c788wWR_bLwC&pg=PA354&redir_esc=y&hl=tr#v=onepage&q=Bulgars&f=false (Harvard University Press) The Volga Bulgars, a Turkish tribe then living on the east bank of the Volga River, ... the laws of Islam to the Bulgars, who had recently converted to the religion. http://www.bookrags.com/research/ahmad-ibn-fadlan-ued/#gsc.tab=0 Eastern Bulgars , Bulgars Ancient Turkic people originating in the region n and e of the Black Sea. https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/balkan-states Volga Bulgaria was a northeastern European Turkic state that formed during the 9th century and continued into the first four decades of the 13th century. https://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe009 https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopedia-of-slavic-languages-and-linguistics-online/*-COM_031941 https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-Bulgar+languages https://xn--80ad7bbk5c.xn--p1ai/en/content/brief-history-suvar-bulgars http://bulgarizdat.ru/index.php/book1/article1-1 Bulgars, Eastern bŭl´gärz, –gərz [key], Turkic-speaking people, who possessed a powerful state (10th–14th cent.) at the confluence of the Volga and the Kama, E European Russia. The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. Cambridge University Press https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=Ylz4fe7757cC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=proto+bulgars&source=bl&ots=vvGsuu2J3g&sig=ACfU3U2YuPKKdgVQKhoUi2fyDiC99n4N_Q&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiRqIaDlNvmAhWM-yoKHW38DDI4FBDoATAAegQIBRAB#v=onepage&q=proto%20bulgars&f=false Population genetic analysis indicated that Conquerors had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-53105-5 https://hizliresim.com/stAHqu More Sources https://1drv.ms/w/s!ArU3juYblIHghhn2C4hh-bLC8FRi
    3
  2534. Catch_Me_If_You_Can Turkic Hunno-Bulgars
    3
  2535. Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
    3
  2536. Mongolic, Para-Mongolic, Tungusic peoples have common ancestors so call Donghu.
    3
  2537. For some reason I can't take Bulgarians seriously :D
    3
  2538. Russian Empire and Qing Empire are undoubtedly part of S tier…
    3
  2539. En öne çıkmışsın knk
    3
  2540.  @wikicamara  I can give you more than 100 expressions about Turks being strong from Chinese to Islamic, from Indian to European sources. Not just French :)
    3
  2541. Baibars🇹🇷
    3
  2542. Albanians got ruled by foreing peoples in most history
    3
  2543.  @federal_kingdom_of_illyria2023  yeppp
    3
  2544.  @federal_kingdom_of_illyria2023  You were under the Roman and Turkic rule in history🤣
    3
  2545. Orange and Red colours are also Turkish leaders
    3
  2546.  @Zhijia494  For example they have better history than Baltic, Slavic, Celtic, Hellenic, Albanian, Italic, Basque etc. peoples
    3
  2547. "Therefore, Albanian people are confused by the ambiguous position of the Albanian and Kosovar governments to quietly ally with Turkey. For example, the decision of the Albanian government authorities TO HIDE THE STATUE OF SKENDERBEG EVERY TIME A MEETING WITH TURKISH OFFICIALS TAKES PLACE is surely sending perplexing messages to Albanian people. Kosovar government went a step further; allowing Turkish services to operate in Kosovo without any type of permission. It seems that at a political level, both Kosovar and Albanian governments show no will to craft policies that will distance Albanians from the Ottoman legacy." Perparim Xhaferi, 2019 "Albanian National Identity in the twenty-first century: Escaping from the Ottoman heritage?", University of Sydney, pp. 202
    3
  2548. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire. The Turks were considered as the best warriors due to their horsemanship and skill in archery. Kaushik Roy., n.d. Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400-1750: Cavalry, Guns, Government and Ships (Bloomsbury Studies in Military History). p.24. The Turks too , the great warriors of the steppes , were almost haughty in the assumption that they inherited the jihad fighting spirit of the tradition and carried it half - way into Europe . Turko-Persia in Historical Perspective p.94 The Seljukian Turks had had some great warriors ; the period of their power was during the eleventh and twelfth centuries ; they had taken the place of the Arabs as the great Moslem power of the east , though an Arab caliph still nominally reigned at Baghdad . The Divine Aspect of History Volume 2 p.324 In the west the Seljuq invasion of Asia Minor began the process which was to make it the modern land of the Turks and the base from which the greatest Islamic empire of the past 600 years would expand into southeast Europe . MacEachern, S., 2010. The new cultural atlas of the Islamic world. p.32. THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot." Halman, T. and Warner, J., 2007. Rapture and revolution. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, Crescent Hill Publications, p.9. During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries , understanding the Turks ' military organization , given the credit for the greatest empire since antiquity , became a major European preoccupation . Speake, J., n.d. Literature of travel and exploration. p.891. By the middle of the 16th century, the Turks arguably possessed the greatest empire in the world. A History of the Middle East Paperback – March 15, 2006 by Saul S. Friedman (Author) p.181
    3
  2549. other option to discuss is a historical and cultural – but not linguistic – continuity; this would imply a language shift from the Mongolic-speaking Rourans to the Turkic-speaking Avars at some point of their history. In parallel, both disciplines suggest that at least some of the European Avars were of Eastern Asian ancestry, but neither linguistic nor genetic evidence provides sufficient support for a specific connection between the Avars and the Asian Rourans. Savelyev A, Jeong C (2020). Early nomads of the Eastern Steppe and their tentative connections in the West. Evolutionary Human Sciences 2, e20, 1–17.
    3
  2550. fort comme un turc [adj] très fort ; vigoureux ; robuste ; costaud Origin and definition Today, a Turk is just another human being. And even if there are Turks who hold world records in weightlifting, nothing seems to justify calling a Turk more strong than a Greek, a Monegasque or a Chinese. But we must not forget the history of Turkey. Before this country became what it is today, there was the Ottoman Empire built by a people of warriors through conquests in Europe, Africa and Asia. These Turkish or Ottoman fighters impressed by their strength, their courage and also their brutality, their cruelty. Thus in the 17th and 18th centuries, the Turk symbolized the unbeliever, the brutal enemy. It was also said of someone who was rude and ruthless that he was "a real Turk" and to treat someone "Turkish" was to treat him unceremoniously. The expression originated in the mid-15th century, shortly after the capture of Constantinople (ancient Byzantium and present-day Istanbul) by the troops of Sultan Mehmet II in 1453. Examples “I have two, sir, who, without vanity, could be presented to the pope, especially my eldest, who is a pretty bit of a girl. I am raising her to be a countess, although her mother does not want it. How old is she, sir, this future countess? But she is approaching fifteen years old: already that is a fathom taller for you, nice, fresh as an April morning, agile, uncoupled, sprightly, and above all strong as a Turk. Devil ! these are good dispositions for being a countess. Oh ! her mother may say so, she will be. » Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra - Don Quixote of La Mancha
    3
  2551.  @kartiksinghtomar7  *Although in the past the Huns are thought to have been Mongolian emigrants, it is far more likely that they were of Turkic origin. This point has been repeated by thousands of historians, sinologists, turcologists, altaistics, and other researchers. Let me try to state how this idea began with Sinology researchers.[1] *Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 386-9, also thinks that these names are the Germanic or Germanicized names of Turkic Huns.[2] *The language of the Huns has always been classified in the Turkic linguistic family.[3] *In the 5th century A . D . the Danube Slavs had lived in symbiosis with the Turkic Huns[4] *One of the first and most ferocious of such Asiatic (Turkic) peoples were the Huns.[5] *A large number of many different Turkic tribes were called Huns.[6] *It is conceivable that the Huns (Ephthalites), who irrupted into Central Asia in the early fifth century, were Turkic.[7] *Probably a substantial group of Hunnish peoples spoke some form of Turkic, a subfamily of the Altaic languages.[8] *Danube used by a large number of Turkic peoples - including Huns, Avars,Bulgars,Cumans.[9] * Among them, the Vandals were East Germanic, the Suevi or 'Swabians' were Central Germanic, the Huns were Turkic, and the Alans were Iranic (like the modern Ossetians).[10] *Also, with the various Turkic tribes on the west; especially with the Huns.[11] *Historic Turkic kingdoms (the earliest being the Great Hun Empire from 200 B.C., which stretched from Siberia to Tibet,and the last being the Ottoman Empire founded in A.D. 1299),hinting at a racial side to Turkish identity.[12] *By the fifth century, the last of the Tocharians was driven from the region by nomadic Huns, possibly the earliest of many subsequent waves of Tur- kic invaders in Central Asia.[13] *Who are the Turkic Peoples? This great family of peoples includes the Huns,Khazars,Avars and Bulgar-Turks of former times.[14] *The principal invaders in the north were no longer the Turkic Xiongnu[15] *Horses were vital to maintaining Han military strength against the increasing nomadic incur. sions from the Turkic Xiongnu tribal armies along the northern borders and in the northwest.[16] *The constant incursions in the Han's northern and northwestern frontiers by the Turkic nomads known as Xiongnu (the Huns) necessitated Han military expeditions across the Pamirs into Central Asia.[17] * By the 5th century many of the troops were barbarian foederation of Germanic, Turkic (“Huns and "Bulgars), and, perhaps, “Slavic origins [18] * The fact that the Bulgars of Asparukh - whom we considered descendants of the Huns led by Irnikh -were Turks.[19] *While the Hun hords of Attila that tried to conquer Europe were surely Proto-Türks.[20] Sources: *1- The Origins of the Huns-The History Files *2-The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe(Cambridge University Press)-Page 177 *3-Russian Translation Series of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology 1964 (Harvard University Press) *4-Among the People, Native Yugoslav Ethnography: Selected 1982(Michigan University Press) *5-Byzantium: Church, Society, and Civilization Seen Through Contemporary Eyes(University of Chicago Press)-Page 332 *6-Eurasian Studies Yearbook Volume 74 Eurolingua, 2002 *7-Islamic Peoples Of The Soviet Un-Page 384 *8-The Saga of the Volsungs: The Norse Epic of Sigurd the Dragon Slayer(University of California Press)-Page 15 *9-The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelth Century(University of Michigan Press)-Page 25 *10-Vanished Kingdoms: The Rise and Fall of States and Nations *11-China ancient and modern-Page-55 *12-Turkey: What Everyone Needs to Know®(Oxford University Press) *13-Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia-Page 251 *14-Oxford Symposium on Food & Cookery, 1989: Staplefoods : Proceedings *15-China: A New History, Second Enlarged Edition(Harvard University Press)-Page 73 *16-Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China ; Gansu and Ningxia, 4th - 7th Century ; [on the Occasion of the Exhibition "Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China", Organized by the Asia Society Museum, New York, October 13, 2001 - January 6, 2002 ...] *17-The Harvard Dictionary of Music-Page 261 *18- The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity-Page 1346 *19- The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia Volume 1-Page 202 *20-China Knowledge-Xiongnu
    3
  2552.  @kartiksinghtomar7  Xiongnu was Oghur Turkic not mongolic Both the 7th-century Chinese History of the Northern Dynasties[87] and the Book of Zhou,[88] an inscription in the Sogdian language, report the Göktürks to be a subgroup of the Xiongnu.[89][90] Prof. Dr. Nicola Di Cosmo in: The Turks: Early ages, Part 4. Huns (Xiongnu): The Origin and Rise of the Xiongnu Empire, Y. T., 2002, pp.217-227, University of Michigan, ISBN 9756782552, 9789756782552 • "There is not much doubt among historians about the Turkish nature of the Great Hun Empire, which ruled between 318 B.C. and 216 A.D., as well as that of its predecessor proto-Huns, whose presence was confirmed by Chinese sources. The Great Hun Empire, the Western Hun Empire and especially the European Huns were examined comprehensively by Western historians."
    3
  2553. Jewish Gigachad lol
    3
  2554. 😂
    3
  2555.  @siyacer yeah. Even Turkish- Uzbek are 50% mutually intelligible despite huge geographical distance whereas Dutch speakers can’t understand any of Frisian languages.
    3
  2556. When i look at the comments, I understood once again how strong the Greek diaspora is. Despite their small population, their organization is very well coordinated.
    3
  2557. This essay examines Nader Shah Afshar's attempts to legitimize his rule by dint of his Turkic background. Over the course of his rise to power and reign, Nader consistently argued that his Afshar and Turkman affiliations granted him the right to rule over Iranian territory as an equal to his Ottoman, Mughal, and Central Asian contemporaries. Aided by his chief secretary and court historian, Mīrzā Mahdī Astarābādī, Nader's assertions paralleled those found in popular narratives about the history of Oghuz Turks in Islamic lands. This element of Nader's political identity is often overlooked by historians because it did not outlive the brief Afsharid period, but it demonstrates how the Safavid collapse led to the circulation of dynamic new claims to Iranian and Islamic political power. Karamustafa, A. (2022). The Hero of “the Noble Afshar People”: Reconsidering Nader Shah's Claims to Lineage and Legitimacy. Iranian Studies, 1-15 Besides territorial integrity, two alternative concepts of sovereignty to replace the crumbling dynastic ideal can be discerned in Nadir Shah's negotiations with the Ottomans in the 1730s. Nadir proposed equal relations based, first, on Ottoman recognition of the legitimacy of Twelver Shiism as a fifth school of orthodox Islamic law. And second, he proposed something akin to an ethnic or national concept - equal relations based on Nadir Shah's identity as a member of the noble Turkmen family of peoples." Howard, D. (2017). A History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp.192
    3
  2558.  @MrJoebrooklyn1969  Latins are Italic people
    3
  2559. 🇹🇷
    3
  2560. 😢
    3
  2561.  @MrBeeMAD  weak slavs were under the rule of Germanic Rurikid dynasty at that time :)
    3
  2562. How about Dinasour Gonocodo by Ottomans?
    3
  2563. 2:13 75-200 million is heavily exaggerated numbers
    3
  2564. Chuvash are Turkic people descendant of Sabirs, long live all Turkic peoples from Gagauzia to Yakutistan❤
    3
  2565.  @andromeda7974  only Ottomans? How about Khazars, Avars, Cumans, Kipchaks, Old Great Bulgaria, Crimean Khanate etc.
    3
  2566. No he was Tiele tribe
    3
  2567. Jews are/were literally everywhere
    3
  2568. Romania
    3
  2569. Turk Queen 😍😍😍
    3
  2570. Accelerated Bulgarians are fake bulgars hana
    3
  2571. My ancestors😎
    3
  2572.  @Gehri_soch2.0  Saladin was not reason of Crusades but Seljuk Turks were and he was quite bad military general anyways
    3
  2573. F... Israel
    3
  2574. Khayyam Neyshabori Your alphabet and culture is fully arabic😅😅😅😅😅
    3
  2575. Khayyam Neyshabori Keep believing those stupid things created by your ass😅😅😅😂🤣😂😂😂😂😂😂
    3
  2576. Khayyam Neyshabori We have Saz(Dombra) Is dombra iranian instrument🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
    3
  2577. Khayyam Neyshabori Turkish have %86 Turkish words you dumb Just https://www.wikizeroo.org/index.php?q=aHR0cHM6Ly9lbi5tLndpa2lwZWRpYS5vcmcvd2lraS9GaWxlOlR1cmtpc2hWb2NhYnVsYXJ5LnBuZw Origin of the words in Turkish vocabulary, which contains 104,481 words, of which about 86% are Turkish and 14% are of foreign origin Just %1 persian🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣 %6 arabic %5french %2 random
    3
  2578. The Achaemenids and Sassanids got destroyed by a Hellenic and Arabic tribe respectively Parthians had their capital countless times sacked by Romans and post Islamic Persia was basically a playground for Arabs, Turks, and Mongols as we all know
    3
  2579. No. Nader Shah was better than Shah Abbas
    3
  2580. Love Spain from Turkey
    3
  2581. The title should be 3 Forgotten Iranic languages
    3
  2582. Modern day Huns are Bashkirs and Tatars Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA80 0.05533515 Bashkir:BAS-120 0.05990198 Tatar_Siberian:STA-126 0.06118980 Bashkir:BAS-029 0.06465388 Bashkir:BAS-091 0.06518414 Bashkir:BAS-046 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA74 0.04317297 Tatar_Siberian:STA-126 0.04340329 Bashkir:BAS-029 0.04508405 Bashkir:BAS-034 0.04571997 Bashkir:BAS-005 0.04634817 Bashkir:bashkir3 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA73 0.04519389 Bashkir:BAS-120 0.04615025 Tatar_Siberian:STA-126 0.04817514 Bashkir:BAS-046 0.04964376 Bashkir:BAS-091 0.05188906 Bashkir:BAS-006 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA72 0.04298365 Bashkir:BAS-120 0.05147676 Bashkir:bashkir9 0.05193652 Tatar_Siberian:STA-126 0.05398420 Bashkir:BAS-091 0.05418873 Bashkir:BAS-096 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA69 0.06131625 Uzbek:495_R02C02 0.06246982 Turkmen:TUR013 0.06295519 Bashkir:bashkir9 0.06305724 Bashkir:BAS-120 0.06540455 Uzbek:495_R01C01 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA66 0.04941760 Tatar_Siberian:STA-112 0.04992166 Bashkir:BAS-034 0.05030198 Bashkir:BAS-005 0.05069029 Bashkir:BAS-046 0.05109507 Tatar_Siberian:STA-126 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA65 0.06441883 Bashkir:bashkir8 0.06454222 Tatar_Siberian:STA-126 0.06584960 Bashkir:BAS-034 0.06666736 Bashkir:BAS-120 0.06779641 Nogai:NOG-125 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA54 0.04048207 Bashkir:BAS-005 0.04305749 Bashkir:bashkir3 0.04403622 Bashkir:BAS-034 0.04726006 Bashkir:BAS-029 0.04823834 Bashkir:bashkir8 Distance to: Hun_Tian_Shan:DA52 0.05372036 Bashkir:BAS-120 0.05740290 Tatar_Siberian:STA-126 0.05805683 Bashkir:BAS-029 0.06147907 Bashkir:BAS-091 0.06291138 Tatar_Siberian:STA-112
    3
  2583. Ottomans 😍
    3
  2584. There are many turk hater copers under the comments
    3
  2585. Tuttu
    3
  2586. Normanlar mı
    3
  2587.  @TheOghuz78  🐋
    3
  2588. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
    3
  2589. The Turks were considered as the best warriors due to their horsemanship and skill in archery. Kaushik Roy., n.d. Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400-1750: Cavalry, Guns, Government and Ships (Bloomsbury Studies in Military History). p.24. While there is much more than this to the Turks, it is true that Turks rank among history's great empire-builders and rulers. Under the Ottomans they conquered vast territories in the Balkans and the Middle East and ruled for six hundred years. Turkey Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments pp.30
    3
  2590. 😍😍😍
    3
  2591.  @sionsmedia8249  macedonians never ruled india
    3
  2592. Did he scare from nomadic horse archers?
    3
  2593. TURKEY😍😍😍😍😍
    3
  2594. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, shaping the history of Balkans, Islamization of Northern India, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
    3
  2595. In a strictly historical sense, however, it is most frequently used for the Turkic (mainly Kipchak) tribes who constituted the bulk of the Mongol army that invaded Russia in the early thirteenth century.
    3
  2596. Happy Germanic noises Crying Celtic noises
    3
  2597. Long live Turkish autonomous states😻😻😻
    3
  2598. Real Central Asians
    3
  2599. 🤣🤣🤣🤣
    3
  2600.  @carljhonson6593  yes why
    3
  2601.  @aol8166  Turkic people were superpowers in world history long before the word Mongol or Mongolic was ever invented🤣 are you drunk???? And also there is 0 argument about Ottomans being best Islamic empire in history, Abbasid is joke to compare Ottoman
    3
  2602.  @aol8166  All reliable scholars accepted that Ottomans were best Islamic empire They won like 600 battles how many battles that Abbasids won??? Ottoman Empire was hyperpower and superpower empire for 550 years how about weak Abbasids?
    3
  2603. Turke saved India and Egypt from Mongols
    3
  2604. As the number of evidence of linguistic, ethnographic and socio-political nature show that Bulgars belonged to the group of Turkic peoples.[36][24][26][30] The Bulgars (also Bolgars or proto-Bulgarians[40]) were a semi-nomadic people of Turkic descent, originally from Central Asia, who from the 2nd century onwards dwelled in the steppes north of the Caucasus and around the banks of river Volga (then Itil). https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bulgaria Bulgars (< Turkic bulgha- ‘to mix, stir up, disturb’, i.e. ‘rebels’) A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian-Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiongnu (late 3rd cent. ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-820 Many Slavic tribes lived within the boundaries of the state, together with the proto-Bulgarians, a tribe of Turkic origin that had settled in the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 7th century. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boris-I The Bulgars were a Turkic tribal confederation that gave rise to the Balkan Bulgar and Volga Bulgar states.The ethynonym derives from the Turkish bulgha-,”to stir,mix,disturb,confuse.” https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=c788wWR_bLwC&pg=PA354&redir_esc=y&hl=tr#v=onepage&q=Bulgars&f=false (Harvard University Press) The Volga Bulgars, a Turkish tribe then living on the east bank of the Volga River, ... the laws of Islam to the Bulgars, who had recently converted to the religion. http://www.bookrags.com/research/ahmad-ibn-fadlan-ued/#gsc.tab=0 Eastern Bulgars , Bulgars Ancient Turkic people originating in the region n and e of the Black Sea. https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/balkan-states Volga Bulgaria was a northeastern European Turkic state that formed during the 9th century and continued into the first four decades of the 13th century. https://www.readcube.com/articles/10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe009 https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopedia-of-slavic-languages-and-linguistics-online/*-COM_031941 https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-3/bulghars-COM_23726 https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-Bulgar+languages https://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Bulgars https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Bulgar https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Bolgars https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Bulgars https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Proto-bulgarians https://xn--80ad7bbk5c.xn--p1ai/en/content/brief-history-suvar-bulgars http://bulgarizdat.ru/index.php/book1/article1-1 Bulgars, Eastern bŭl´gärz, –gərz [key], Turkic-speaking people, who possessed a powerful state (10th–14th cent.) at the confluence of the Volga and the Kama, E European Russia. https://www.factmonster.com/encyclopedia/social-science/cultures/other/bulgars-eastern (Cambridge University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=Ylz4fe7757cC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=proto+bulgars&source=bl&ots=vvGsuu2J3g&sig=ACfU3U2YuPKKdgVQKhoUi2fyDiC99n4N_Q&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiRqIaDlNvmAhWM-yoKHW38DDI4FBDoATAAegQIBRAB#v=onepage&q=proto%20bulgars&f=false Population genetic analysis indicated that Conquerors had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-53105-5 https://hizliresim.com/stAHqu (Bulgar genetic proximity) Thus supporting the view that Tatars may be descendents of ancient Bulgars. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22520580/ Onogur-Bulgars had been part of the Hunnic people, and after the death of Attila’s son Irnik, European Hun remains fused with the Onogurs. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/250688v1.full However, given the common Turkic genetic background of the Bulgars and Khazars, these ethnicities may be difficult to tell apart either archaeologically or genetically. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2019.12.15.876912v1.full.pdf Most Tatars trace their descent to Volga Bulgars, a medieval Turkic people who have inhabited the Middle Volga and lower Kama region. https://online.ucpress.edu/search-results?page=1&q=Bulgars Population genetic results indicate that they had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6193700/ Population genetic results indicate that they had closest connection to the Onogur-Bulgar ancestors of Volga Tatars. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0205920&type=printable Onogur-Bulgars had been part of the Hunnic people, and after the death of Attila’s son Irnik, European Hun remains fused with the Onogurs. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6193700/ Caucasus as the first Turkic peoples (Avars, Bulgars, Huns, Khazars, Pechenegs) arrived. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Exile https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.2307/2849381?journalCode=spc https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.2307/2853091?journalCode=spc https://brill.com/view/book/edcoll/9789047423560/Bej.9789004163898.i-492_006.xml
    3
  2605. Dario Moreno Ussrı biz kurduk🐋
    3
  2606. European colonialism...
    3
  2607. The Qur'an includes the Surat Ar-Rum, the sura dealing with "the Romans", sometimes translated as "The Byzantines," reflecting a term now used in the West. These Romans of the 7th century, referred to as Byzantines in modern Western scholarship, were the inhabitants of the surviving Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire. Since all ethnic groups within the Roman empire had been granted citizenship by 212 AD, these eastern peoples had come to label themselves Ρωμιοί or Ῥωμαῖοι Romaioi (Romans), using the word for Roman citizen in the eastern lingua franca of Koine Greek. This citizenship label became "Rûm" in Arabic. The Eastern Roman, or Byzantine, Empire traced its origin as an institution to the foundation of Constantinople as the new capital of the Roman Empire in 330 by Constantine the Great. The Byzantine Empire survived the 5th century, when the Western Roman Empire fell, more or less intact and its populace continually maintained that they were Romaioi (Romans), not Hellenes (Greeks), even as the empire's borders gradually became reduced to in the end only encompassing Greek-speaking lands. Nicol 1992, p. ix.
    3
  2608. Can you make video on Turkic warfare history too 👀
    3
  2609. Byzantine was not greek but roman
    3
  2610. Primary Arabic sources exaggerated numbers too much
    3
  2611. He was Cuman origin from the Basarab Dynasty
    3
  2612. Valentin Erich I know his origin is unclear but most likely cuman oxford,cambridge and some romanian universities are saying this
    3
  2613. Both the 7th-century Chinese History of the Northern Dynasties[87] and the Book of Zhou,[88] an inscription in the Sogdian language, report the Göktürks to be a subgroup of the Xiongnu.[89][90] Prof. Dr. Nicola Di Cosmo in: The Turks: Early ages, Part 4. Huns (Xiongnu): The Origin and Rise of the Xiongnu Empire, Y. T., 2002, pp.217-227, University of Michigan, ISBN 9756782552, 9789756782552 • "There is not much doubt among historians about the Turkish nature of the Great Hun Empire, which ruled between 318 B.C. and 216 A.D., as well as that of its predecessor proto-Huns, whose presence was confirmed by Chinese sources. The Great Hun Empire, the Western Hun Empire and especially the European Huns were examined comprehensively by Western historians."
    2
  2614.  @robloxoyuncusufakatkoronak8580  öyle bi şey yok reis Hunlar Oğur Türklerinin bir alt grubu
    2
  2615. Another Turkic tribe with which Alans came in contact in the 5th and 6th century was Bulgars and then Khazars who pushed the Alan state beyond the river Terek . Alania was a vassal state of Khazars for two centuries .
    2
  2616.  @win79526  Al-Jahiz, the renowned ninth century Arab prose writer, wrote an essay entitled “The Virtues of the Turks.” In this essay al-Jahiz describes the various contingents that formed the Abbasid army and argues that the Turks were far superior to the other groups when it came to fighting, riding, discipline, and war.
    2
  2617.  @win79526  Second Gokturks, Uyghurs and Great Yan defeated Tang Tung Ting :)))
    2
  2618. 🇹🇷
    2
  2619. 31 iq comment🤣🤣🤣
    2
  2620. Ottoman slavery is way better than shitty European slavery
    2
  2621. 👁️👄👁️
    2
  2622. Kurds are not even a single ethnicity, they speak 5-6 different mutually unintelligible languages.
    2
  2623.  @OuhHey  Origine et définition De nos jours, un Turc n'est jamais qu'un être humain comme un autre. Et même s'il y a des Turcs qui détiennent des records du monde en haltérophilie, rien ne semble justifier qu'on qualifie plus de fort un Turc qu'un Grec, un Monégasque ou un Chinois. Mais il ne faut pas oublier l'histoire de la Turquie. Avant que ce pays ne devienne ce qu'il est aujourd'hui, il y a eu l'Empire ottoman bâti par un peuple de guerriers à coups de conquêtes en Europe, en Afrique et en Asie. Ces combattants turcs ou ottomans impressionnaient par leur force, leur courage et aussi leur brutalité, leur cruauté. C'est ainsi qu'au XVIIe et XVIIIe siècle, le Turc symbolisait l'incroyant, l'ennemi brutal. On disait d'ailleurs de quelqu'un de rude et de sans pitié qu'il était "un vrai Turc" et traiter quelqu'un "à la turque", c'était le traiter sans ménagement. L'expression est née au milieu du XVe siècle, un peu après la prise de Constantinople (l'ancienne Byzance et l'Istanbul d'aujourd'hui) par les troupes du sultan Mehmet II en 1453. Exemples « - J'en ai deux, monsieur, qui, sans vanité, pourraient être présentées au pape, surtout mon aînée, qui est un joli brin de fille. Je l'élève pour être comtesse, quoique sa mère ne le veuille pas. - Quel âge a-t-elle, monsieur, cette future comtesse ? - Mais elle approche de quinze ans : déjà cela vous est grand d'une toise, gentil, frais comme une matinée d'avril, leste, découplé, gaillard, et surtout fort comme un Turc. - Diable ! voilà de bonnes dispositions pour être comtesse. - Oh ! sa mère a beau dire, elle le sera. » Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra - Don Quichotte de la Manche
    2
  2624.  @OuhHey  Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
    2
  2625.  @OuhHey  👁️👄👁️
    2
  2626.  @Burlapyui  The Abbasid caliphs found out that the Greeks and the Armenians made inferior mamluks compared to the Turks (Ayalon 1996: 309). This was because of the Turks' superior horsemanship and skill with the composite bows.
    2
  2627.  @Burlapyui  🤣
    2
  2628.  @Burlapyui  Soldiers always lived under horrible conditions.
    2
  2629. 🇹🇷
    2
  2630. 🇹🇷
    2
  2631.  @lazziya7328  🥲
    2
  2632.  @ottomansavasc8131  Greeks are nobodies of medieval and modern history 🤣🤣
    2
  2633.  @Lay-Man  Rulers were not even ethnic Greeks just search about their ethnicity. For example Phocas, Macedonian and Heraclian were Armenians.
    2
  2634.  @corneliuscapitalinus845  Turkic is ethno-linguistic group just like Slavic, Sinitic, Tai, Mongolic, Tungusic, Hellenic, Baltic, Amazigh, Tibetic etc. means a group unified by both common language and ethnicity like Serbians and Bosnians being of Slavic origin therefore they are in the same ethnic category not different.
    2
  2635.  @akdele5  Rus were North Germanic peoples whereas Russians were East Slavs
    2
  2636.  @umarabdullah7413  Tulunids claimed what? 😅😅 are you drunk or something
    2
  2637. Turkic origin 😻😻😻
    2
  2638. He killed Bulgarians not Bulgars
    2
  2639. Mughals😍
    2
  2640.  @teknul89  There was no any seperate Azeri or Azerbaijani identity back then, Old Azari is completely different thing.
    2
  2641.  @teknul89  Before Iranic Old Azari invasion, there were other native peoples in Azerbaijan such as Hurro-Urartian Mannaeans and Lezgic Albans, Maybe there were other peoples before them, so it doesn’t really matter who inhabited or owned Azerbaijan before or after. What matters is what happens now.
    2
  2642. Ottoman Empire was stronger than Spain both economically, politically and geographically. Capture of Algiers (1516) Ottomans won Algiers expedition (1541) Ottomans won Capture of Béjaïa (1555) Ottomans won Siege of Coron, Ottomans won Battle of Djerba, Ottomans won Battle of Formentera, Ottomans won Raid of the Balearic islands (1558) Ottomans won Siege of Castelnuovo, Ottomans won Fall of Tlemcen (1518) Ottomans won Conquest of Tunis (1574) Ottomans won Battle of Preveza, Ottomans won at the same time, the Ottomans were alone in Preveza. But the enemy army Venice, Papal States, Genoa, Spain, Mantua, Malta, Portugal[1][2][3] All of them was part of Holy League but Ottomans won against them. Also remember Süleyman the Magnificent's Venetian helmet . It was an elaborate headpiece designed to project the sultan's power in the context of the Ottoman–Habsburg rivalry. Meaning The four floors of the Crown also represent Solomon's goal of world conquest—reigning the North, the South, the East, and the West—as well as the Pope's famous triple crown and the Holy Roman Empire two years ago. It was a reference to Charles V, who was crowned as the German Emperor.🙂.''
    2
  2643. What about Early Turkic Slab Grave culture?
    2
  2644.  @SD-SD-SD  🤓
    2
  2645. Haplogroup R is originated from Buryatia before 45k years. R + Q = P
    2
  2646.  @blortbugman8722  Mehhh, short lived empires
    2
  2647. Tangut, tangut, tangut, tangut…
    2
  2648. Neyse iyi ki bu çakma Cengizliler Osmanlı’yı yönetmemiş 😅
    2
  2649. Then Mehmed II came🌝
    2
  2650. Arpad was Onogur
    2
  2651.  Content Less  3iq comment
    2
  2652. EN ÜSTTEYİM 😎😎😎
    2
  2653. Spaniards are Iberians by origin but they are speaking Italic due to Roman invasions :/
    2
  2654. 🤨
    2
  2655. 👍
    2
  2656. Yes but you got conquered by many peoples who were 10-100 times smaller than Sinitic population :-)
    2
  2657.  @KhansDen  his source: once my sister told me😹
    2
  2658. Mr Nice Guy Greeks are hellenized italic-slavic-turks
    2
  2659. Hassan A %70 of turkey is turk origin https://images.app.goo.gl/9LpVUhknEHuUFy7k7
    2
  2660. Hassan A Man you look like greeks😂😂🤣🤣
    2
  2661.  @History_Paleogenetics  Starostin, George (2016). "Altaic Languages". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics. Despite the validity of many of these objections, it remains unclear whether they are sufficient to completely discredit the hypothesis of a genetic connection between the various branches of “Altaic,” which continues to be actively supported by a small, but stable scholarly minority.
    2
  2662. What about ancient Turkic Slab Grave culture?
    2
  2663. You again😅
    2
  2664. :0
    2
  2665. Because North Africans are not ethnically Arab, they should disassociate themselves from Arabic countries.
    2
  2666. Mehmed the Conqueror💪💪💪
    2
  2667. He was nightmare of byzantine empire and killed your emperor,go and search
    2
  2668. 🙂
    2
  2669. SEDAT PEKER ?
    2
  2670.  @bghn4114  Sultan Mahmud II, on the other hand, had taken civilization by the wrong side On March 1833, he declared that: Turkey still possesses in itself seeds of improvement and strength, but they must be well directed. The Porte have taken civilisation by the wrong side; - it is not by giving epaulettes and tight trousers to a nation that you begin the task of regeneration;- instead of beginning by their dress, and dress will never make a straight man of one who is lame, they should endeavour to enlighten the minds of their people. Look at us- we have schools of every description - we send our young man to be educated in Europe. - We are also Turks [sic], but we defer to the opinions of those who are capable of directing our own.- whereas no regard is paid by the Porte to advice that it not their own."
    2
  2671.  @bghn4114  Egyptian/Sudanese sources: Native Egyptians applied the term atrak (Turks) indiscriminately to the Ottomans and Mamluks, who were at the top of the social pyramid, while Egyptians, most of whom were farmers, were at the bottom. During her stay in Upper Egypt, Lady Duff Gordon mentions the opinion of an Upper Egyptian man on the Ahmad Al Tayeb Uprising[111] that happened during her stay. She puts what he said thus: "Truly in all the world none are miserable like us Arabs. The Turks beat us, and the Europeans hate us and say quite right. By God, we had better lay down our heads in the dust (die) and let the strangers take our land and grow cotton for themselves".[112] 'At-Turkiyyah' (Arabic: التركية) was the general Sudanese term for the period of Egyptian and Anglo-Egyptian rule, from the conquest in 1820 until the Mahdist takeover in the 1880s. Meaning both 'Turkish rule' and 'the period of Turkish rule' it designated rule by notionally Turkish-speaking elites or by those they appointed. At the top levels of the army and administration this usually meant Turkish-speaking Egyptians, but it also included Albanians, Greeks, Levantine Arabs and others with positions within the Egyptian state of Muhammad Ali and his descendants. The term also included Europeans such as Emin Pasha and Charles George Gordon, who were employed in the service of the Khedives of Egypt. The 'Turkish connection' was that the Khedives of Egypt were nominal vassals of the Ottoman Empire, so all acts were done, notionally, in the name of the Ottoman Sultan in Constantinople. The Egyptian elite may be described as 'notionally' Turkish speaking because while Ali's grandson Ismail Pasha, who took over power in Egypt, spoke Turkish and could not speak Arabic, Arabic rapidly became widely used in the army and administration in the following decades, until under the Khedive Ismail Arabic was made the official language of government, with Turkish being confined only to correspondence with the Sublime Porte.[2][3] The term al-turkiyyah alth-thaniya (Arabic: التركية الثانية) meaning 'second Turkiyyah' was used in Sudan to denote the period of Anglo-Egyptian rule (1899-1956).[4][5]
    2
  2672.  @bghn4114  Greek sources: From this point of view, a large part of the 19 Cypriot historiography did not manage to achieve the substantial for the historian, to use a phrase by Eric Hobsbawm, overcoming of passions and political identities, 20⁰ identities that were of course created at the end or even after the Ottoman period. That is to say, that the national political identity of the Greek and the Turk, the national political ensembles of Greeks and Turks, realities of the post-Ottoman period in Cyprus are projected on the past of the 16th century. Thus, in 1571 Cyprus was conquered by the Ottomans and for the next three hundred and more years was a part of the Ottoman territory. The Greek Cypriot historiography uses for this transition and generally the entire Ottoman period the term Turkish rule a term that lends a national Turkish identity to Ottomans. A big part of traditional historiography refers to a Turkish state,²¹ mentioning a Turkish government, while correspondingly the conquered are included in another national identity, the Greek, which - and perhaps this is more important - at the time history is written, is in conflict with the Turkish. Already from the end of the 19th century, Greek Cypriot historiography states that during the Turkish rule "the spirit of the inhabitants fell to a pitiful point and poverty and misery and extreme ignorance, and depression of the national morale covered the island".23 The Orthodox on the island are defined by traditional historiography as a political group since "in the vizier's orders the participant in the defence of Famagusta Greek was a term that was generalised for all Greeks on the island". In relation to the population on the island the Turkish rule mentions that "after the occupation of Cyprus by the Turks the census that took place for tax pur poses revealed that the native Cypriot Greeks aged [...] in this population 20.000 30.000 Turks were added".25 It is also established that "the Turkish occupation brought to Cyprus many radical changes. The Turks supported the Greek population on the island in order not to give the opportunity to the peoples of Europe to be interested in the Cypriots […]”.26 And as it began with a national conflict that is how italso ends, since it is mentioned that “while the Turkish conquerors suppressed andpersecuted the Greeks on the island […]”.27 The existence therefore of a politicalnational group is considered given and every analysis of the Ottoman period func-tions in a way to bring to the forefront or reinforce the existence, even under difficultconditions, of such a group. This expressed the stereotyped view that the Cypriots“managed under the protection of the Church to maintain their religion, language,and national conscience as Greeks”.28 Even when relations are examined on differentlevels, even when they refer to the 17th century, these are characterised as relationsof the “Greeks and the Turks of Cyprus”.29 In the Turkish Cypriot historiography, the same perception is more or less fol-lowed; history is written under the same terms, the national terms but with one sub-stantial difference: The “Turks on the island” 30 are usually referred to as acomplimentary term of the word Ottomans and are placed on the side of the goodoften contrary to the “Greeks, Greek Cypriots” who are on the opposite side. Thesettlement of the “Turks”on the island is interpreted as something that broughtabout positive results for the entire island 31 and the local Ottoman administration isgenerally whitewashed. In short, Turkish Cypriot historiography also accepts theexistence of national groups. The Church of Cyprus expresses again the Greeks of Cyprus and its activities are mainly targeted against the Turks of Cyprus, 32 whilewithout hesitation the actions of the Prelates of 1600 in Cyprus are combined andidentified with the Akritas plan of the period after the independence. 33 The Prelatesare considered to express not only spiritually but also nationally the Orthodox of Cyprus while institutionally the Church of Cyprus is perceived as warring towardsthe local Turkish administration. 34 The Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot histo-riographies are identified when they project the present on the past, a past howeverthat is perceived and interpreted from a very different national point of view. Michael, M., Kappler, M. and Gavriel, E., 2009. Ottoman Cyprus: A Collection of Studies on History and Culture Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, pp.14,15. European sources: Hamish Scott (2015). The Oxford Handbook of Early Modern European History, 1350–1750: Volume II. p. 612. ISBN 9780191020001."The Ottoman Empire-also known in Europe as the Turkish Empire" The Europeans called Suleiman “the Magnificent” or “the Great Turk,”34 while the Muslims preferred to characterise him as “Suleiman the Lawgiver” because he harmonized the religious laws of the shâri'a with those of the sultan.
    2
  2673. Cringe
    2
  2674. THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot."
    2
  2675. 🤨
    2
  2676. Richard > Saladin
    2
  2677. Half of the heroes are heroes because of they fought the Ottomans :)
    2
  2678. After the ninth century, the Turks, newly converted to Islam, had grown to become more powerful than the Arabs. The Ghaznavids under Mahmud Ghaznavi began their expansion in the Indian frontier. In the wake of collapse of the Gurjara Pratiharas, he raided India seventeen times, demolishing several temples and massacring civilians. Mahmud conquer Punjab after defeating Kabul Shahis and undertook three expeditions into the Ganga Valley. The sole purpose of these raids were to loot wealth for his further Central Asian campaigns. By the end of 1015, Mahmud aided by his feudatory rulers crossed the foothills of Himalayas and defeated a local Rajput king at Baran in modern western Uttar Pradesh, Moving towards Mathura, he was opposed by Kalachuri ruler Kokkala-II, one of the major Rajput rulers of the area. The battle was hotly contested however Mahmud won the day and further plunders down several temples in Mathura. Mahmud conquered Kanauj in 1021 AD by defeating Kanauj King Chandella Gauda. Afterwards, Mahmud ransacked over wealthy Kanauj, then capital of Pratiharas. By the early 1020s the Rajput rulers at Gwalior and Kalinjar were able to hold off assaults by Maḥmūd, although the two cities did pay him heavy tribute. In 1025 A.D, he demolished and looted the Somnath Temple and its Rajput ruler Bhimdev Solanki fled his capital Anahilapataka. The Rajput king Paramar Bhoj of Malwa assembled an army to attack him. However, Mahmud avoided the confrontation and never returned to India again. Mahmmud during this campaigns successfully captured the Punjab region and thus became first Islamic invader to capture North-Western India. Over the next 160 years, the Turks did not invade India and did not expand their domain beyond the Punjab region. In later half of the twelfth century, Ghaznavids power declined rapidly and they lost their control over Central and West Asian territories. Despite the fact, The Rajputs never showed strategic insights and did not present a unified singular attack to recapture Punjab and North West frontier from Ghanzavids who ruled this area had become weak and it was from them that Shihabuddin Ghori captured Punjab and then invaded domain of Rajputs in 1191.
    2
  2679. Ottomans conquered Cyprus from Venetians, Venetians took from Crusaders, Crusaders took from Romans… Where were Greeks lol🤣
    2
  2680. By the end of the tenth century, with the Qarākhānid Turks conquering Sāmānid Central Asia and ushering in a millennium of Turkic rule across Iran and much of the Islamic World, the dynamic of the frontier had changed qualitatively. The Eastern Frontier: Limits of Empire in Late Antique and Early Medieval Central Asia (Early and Medieval Islamic World) Hardcover – June 27, 2019 The new cities were predominantly Muslim , and Iran became one of the most influential regions of Muslim intellectual activity . From around 1000 on the independent Iranian dynasties rapidly gave way to new dynasties of Turkic origin . Embree, A.T. (1988) Encyclopedia of Asian history. New York: C. Scribner's Sons. P.156 In fact, Turkic-speaking peoples have played a major role in Iranian history, ruling the country from the eleventh century up to the early twentieth. Even today they represent more than a quarter of Iran's population. Foltz, R. (2016) Iran in world history. Oxford etc.: Oxford University Press. p.61 Homa Katouzian, "Iranian history and politics", Published by Routledge, 2003. p. 128: "Indeed, since the formation of the Ghaznavids state in the tenth century until the fall of Qajars at the beginning of the twentieth century, most parts of the Iranian cultural regions were ruled by Turkic-speaking dynasties most of the time.
    2
  2681. Er Erper what drugs are you on :D Turkic is ethno-lingustic group like celtic,baltic,cushitic,nilotic,hellenic etc.
    2
  2682. Turkey is best country
    2
  2683. Ohaaa
    2
  2684. The Zand dynasty, which ruled Iran from 1751 to 1794 , was the first native Iranian regime in almost six hundred years, as opposed to the Turkic and Mongolian sovereigns who until then had governed the land. Frye, R. (2009). Zand Dynasty. In The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World. : Oxford University Press. For nearly a thousand years, Iran has generally been ruled by non-Persian dynasties, usually Turkish. Bosworth, C. (1968). THE POLITICAL AND DYNASTIC HISTORY OF THE IRANIAN WORLD (A.D. 1000–1217). In J. Boyle (Ed.), The Cambridge History of Iran (The Cambridge History of Iran, pp. 1-202). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Zands were the first dynasty of Iranian stock to rule after an interval of nearly a thousand years of Turkish rulers.“12 The Zands in Iran - Richard Nelson Frye As a century-long westward drive pushed Turkic clan after Turkic clan into the Iranian world, they often merged with it. In the last 1,000 years, most of the dynasties that ruled Iran rose out of Turkish clans — from the Ghaznavids who invaded northern India from their capital Ghazni in the 11th century, to the Seljuks, to the Timurids, to the Safavids and, latterly, to the Qajars. Turkey Reawakening to Its Vast Iranian Ties By Souren Melikian April 23, 2010 The New York Times. Among the rulers of Iran, from 1500 to 1925, Karim Khan was the only one who was not of Turkish origin. Sir Percy Sykes, History of Persia, vol. 3 (3d ed., 1930), and Edward G. Browne, A Literary History of Persia, vol. 4 (1956).
    2
  2685. By the end of the tenth century, with the Qarākhānid Turks conquering Sāmānid Central Asia and ushering in a millennium of Turkic rule across Iran and much of the Islamic World, the dynamic of the frontier had changed qualitatively. The Eastern Frontier: Limits of Empire in Late Antique and Early Medieval Central Asia (Early and Medieval Islamic World) Hardcover – June 27, 2019 The new cities were predominantly Muslim , and Iran became one of the most influential regions of Muslim intellectual activity . From around 1000 on the independent Iranian dynasties rapidly gave way to new dynasties of Turkic origin . Embree, A.T. (1988) Encyclopedia of Asian history. New York: C. Scribner's Sons. P.156 In fact, Turkic-speaking peoples have played a major role in Iranian history, ruling the country from the eleventh century up to the early twentieth. Even today they represent more than a quarter of Iran's population. Foltz, R. (2016) Iran in world history. Oxford etc.: Oxford University Press. p.61
    2
  2686. They are definitely not weirder than slurs about Turks😅
    2
  2687.  @nickkoss9384  Gayrail
    2
  2688. 10% of Hungarian vocabulary is Turkic also
    2
  2689. This may have been so when the slaves were originally trained and appointed. But the effect in the long term was to create communities of Turks at a high level who, enjoying the borrowed authority of the sovereign, could usurp power for themselves. This was the origin of the group known as the Ghaznavids (after Ghazni, the city in Afghanistan, which, after the Samanids had seized it for themselves, was assigned as the center of their province). In the early centuries of the second millennium, these various Turkic groups, whether slave or free, usurped control of various parts of Iranian territory, sometimes passing through it to establish dominions even beyond the sphere of the Caliphate. So in 999 the Qarakhanids took control of Transoxiana from the Samanids, which they then held for two centuries. This brought the region firmly within the domain of Turkic mother tongue, as it has been ever since, and by the same token gave Persian the status of lingua-franca  At the same time as this Qarakhanid action, the Ghaznavids took over the center and south of the Samanids' territory. A little later, the Oghuz (also known as Turcomans), and above all a leading group of them called the Seljuqs, hitherto widely used as mercenaries by the Samanids and the Ghaznavids, infiltrated northern Khorasan. At Dandanagan in 1040, they definitively defeated the Ghaznavids. Khorasan became theirs alone, and the Ghaznavids were compelled henceforth to look south, for new conquests in India. The Seljuqs went on to destroy Buyid control of the east of the Caliphate, taking Baghdad in 1055 (and receiving the caliph's blessing as his liberators), and in 1071, for good measure, defeating the Byzantine Empire at Manzikert, so opening up Anatolia to Turkic colonization over the next few centuries. In 1089, they defeated the Qarakhanids too, but did not dispossess them, holding them rather as their vassals (muqta') for the next fifty years.   It might have been expected that these different ruling dynasties, Ghaznavid, Qarakhanid, and Seljuq, would have brought a new lingua-franca to the Middle East in the eleventh century. They did, after all, speak mutually intelligible forms of Turkic; and this was the beginning of what would turn into almost a millennium of Turkish rule, as witness the Arabic proverb cited by the North African analytic historian Ibn Khaldun of the fourteenth century:   dawlah 'ind al-turk, din 'ind al-'arab wa adab 'ind al-furs   Power (rests) with the Turk, religion with the Arab, and culture with the Persian.
    2
  2690. Mollalar hmmm
    2
  2691. Turks ruled longer than Romans (Bahri Mamluks, Seljuks, Tulunids, Ikhshidids, Ottomans)
    2
  2692. Greeks were nothing in history after that conquest😅😅😂😂
    2
  2693. 25:08 Couldn’t remove kebab😮
    2
  2694. Neutral Rooster niye :S
    2
  2695. Why?
    2
  2696. My old nick name “Warrior Race”
    2
  2697. Dingir~Tengri😎 Sumergolians
    2
  2698. For some reason, the people of the Nordic countries often term that state “angry like a Turk.”
    2
  2699. It has little to do with the video, but Robbeets' Manchuria/Hongshan hypothesis is generally not accepted. Campbell, Lyle (2007). Glossary of Historical Linguistics. Edinburgh University Press. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-7486-3019-6. While 'Altaic' is repeated in encyclopedias and handbooks most specialists in these languages no longer believe that the three traditional supposed Altaic groups ... are related. In spite of this, Altaic does have a few dedicated followers. Starostin, George (2016). "Altaic Languages". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199384655.013.35. ISBN 9780199384655. Despite the validity of many of these objections, it remains unclear whether they are sufficient to completely discredit the hypothesis of a genetic connection between the various branches of “Altaic,” which continues to be actively supported by a small, but stable scholarly minority. Lyle Campbell and Mauricio J. Mixco (2007): A Glossary of Historical Linguistics; University of Utah Press. Page 7: "While 'Altaic' is repeated in encyclopedias and handbooks most specialists in these languages no longer believe that the three traditional supposed Altaic groups, Turkic, Mongolian and Tungusic, are related." Johanna Nichols (1992) Linguistic Diversity in Space and Time. Chicago University Press. Page 4: "When cognates proved not to be valid, Altaic was abandoned and the received view now is that Turkic, Mongolian and Tungusic are unrelated." R. M. W. Dixon (1997): The Rise and Fall of Languages. Cambridge University Press. Page 32: "Careful examination indicates that the established families, Turkic, Mongolian and Tungusic, form a linguistic area (called Altaic)...Sufficient criteria have not been given that would justify talking of a genetic relationship here." Asya Pereltsvaig (2012) Languages of the World, An Introduction. Cambridge University Press. Pages 211–216: "[...T]his selection of features does not provide good evidence for common descent" [...] "we can observe convergence rather than divergence between Turkic and Mongolic languages—a pattern than is easily explainable by borrowing and diffusion rather than common descent" De la Fuente, José Andrés Alonso (2016). "Review of Robbeets, Martine (2015): Diachrony of verb morphology. Japanese and the Transeurasian languages". Diachronica. 33 (4): 530–537. doi:10.1075/dia.33.4.04alo. For now, shared material between Transeurasian [i.e. Altaic] languages is undoubtedly better explained as the result of language contact. But if researchers provide cogent evidence of genealogical relatedness, that will be the time to re-evaluate old positions. That time, however, has not yet come.
    2
  2700.  @ompagar26  Aryans were minority compare to native Indians like Dravidians and Indus Valley
    2
  2701. atahan This kid is joke😂😂🤣🤣
    2
  2702. atahan I think he is a kurd who are pkk sympathizer that why he talking sh it about Turks
    2
  2703. In contrast to those Iranian officials who claim that the Turks in Iran were actually originally Persians, the late IRGC Commander Qassem Suleimani claimed that the descendants of Turkic dynasties that live in Iran are not Iranian. Suleimani claimed: "Turks are aliens and non-Iranians. For hundreds of years (during Turkic rule in Iran), Iran had no history. Non- Iranians like the Seljuks invaded and ruled Iran."74 Shaffer, B. (2023) Iran is more than persia: Ethnic politics in Iran. Berlin: De Gruyter.
    2
  2704. Mongolic peoples adopted this name from Turkic people.
    2
  2705.  @vanmars5718  Muslim sources are more important because they fought with Romans and they were not wannabe Romans like Germanic peoples in Europe. Because they wanted to be Romans themselves, they tried to make the real Roman empire Greek, and most of them didn't even see the Romans.
    2
  2706.  @vanmars5718  all greeks are rums but not all rums are greeks there is big difference. Rums = Hellenic and Hellenized populations
    2
  2707.  @vanmars5718  our sources didn’t give anything about greeks… Your greek identity is literally 200 years old according to Islamic sources
    2
  2708.  @vanmars5718  Roman Empire was single empire aka “Imperium Romanum” Byzantine didn’t even exist🤣🤣🤣 They never changed the name “Imperium Romanum”
    2
  2709.  @vanmars5718  It was an illusion, of course. One of the most common mistakes made in history. For example, Europeans called Egyptians and Sudanese Arabs. This is of course not true. They saw themselves as Romans, and that's what matters. Also, the Roman Empire was a single state. Being influenced by the Hellenes does not make them a Hellenic state. If you see the late Roman Empire as a Greek state, then you should also see the Tungusic and Mongolic states the Yuan and Qing as a Sinitic states, a mistake no one who can use even a quarter of their brain will make.
    2
  2710.  @vanmars5718  Saying eastern Romans were Greeks is completely bs and misinterpretation, it equals to saying Pontus Empire, Kushan Empire, Sultanate of Rum were also Hellenic empires or Chinggisid Empire, Chagatai Khanate and Ilkhanates were Turkic empires…
    2
  2711.  @elenilepouri7253  Macedonian dynasty=Armenians Peter Charanis.Studies on the demography of the Byzantine empire: collected studies Variorum Reprints, 1972 p223(360):"Thus, every emperor who sat on the Byzantine throne the accession of Basil I to the death of Basil II (867—1025) was of Armenian or partially Armenian origin. But besides the emperors there were many others among the military and political leaders of Byzantine during this period who were Armenians or of Armenian descent" and Palaiologi = Italians The origins of the family are unclear. Their own medieval origin stories ascribed them an ancient and prestigious origin in ancient Roman Italy, descended from some of the Romans that had accompanied Constantine the Great to Constantinople upon its foundation in 330. It is more likely that they originated significantly later in Anatolia since the earliest known member of the family, possibly its founder, Nikephoros Palaiologos, served as a commander there in the second half of the 11th century. Over the course of the 12th century, the Palaiologoi were mostly part of the military aristocracy, not recorded as occupying any administrative political offices, and they frequently intermarried with the then ruling Komnenos family, increasing their prestige. When Constantinople fell to the Fourth Crusade in 1204, the Palaiologoi fled to the Empire of Nicaea, a Byzantine successor state ruled by the Laskaris family, where they continued to play an active role and occupied many offices of high rank. 🤣🤣🤣
    2
  2712.  @elenilepouri7253  Anatolian Rums like Pontics and Cappadocians are Hellenized Anatolians with 1% hellenic gene🤣 that are not even hellenic
    2
  2713. There mustn't be a better example of a 'moving' ethno-linguistic group than the Turkic peoples. They started out from Eastern Siberia (Mongolia, Altai) and now are main ethnic constituents of various countries, like Turkey, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, etc.
    2
  2714. Hassan A Shah abbas is joke to compare Nader Shah,come on man
    2
  2715. GREAT HISTORY :0000000:
    2
  2716. :/)
    2
  2717.  @Рускиязик  bruh i took ss your comment and i am going to send this to cursed balkan youtube comments page on twitter
    2
  2718. By 441, the I-Iuns under their military genius Attila, “the Scourge of God," were dominant in central Europe from the Caspian almost to the Rhine. They defeated the Eastern Roman Emperor Theodosius II, and the terrified Goths in their path believed the Huns were the offspring of the witches of Scythia who had copulated with the demons of hell .
    2
  2719. JÜPİTER birleşik gezegenleri There was Turk who ruled Tsardom of Russia named Boris Godunov
    2
  2720. yanko yankov No i am not bulgarian also krum was not,he was Bulgar
    2
  2721. Tarık Mengüç Seni yaqubun videosunda görmüştüm
    2
  2722. JÜPİTER birleşik gezegenleri Bayezid the Thunderbolt defeated 25 European country in Battle of Nicopolis, it was crazy :D
    2
  2723. People's awareness of Greek civilization and identity came away gravely damaged after the decline of the Byzantine Empire and Ottoman rule. “Hellene,” the appellation that defined the Greek people, had been abandoned: because Byzantium was part of the Roman Empire, the Greeks had taken to calling themselves Romans, Ῥωμαίοι. At the turn of the nineteenth century, as Ottoman rule waned and Greece regained a sense of its own identity, the language situation was, to put it mildly, paradoxical. The traditional written language had remained largely faithful to ancient Athenian-based Koine, yet it was so removed from the language then spoken that people no longer understood it. And there was no one cultural, political, or social identity strong enough to impose its language on the new Greek society. The only center to safeguard Greekness over the centuries had been the Church, which had done so by conserving ancient Koine. So, people looked to it to provide the revival of Hellenism with a common language. When the Greek War of Independence came to an end, the one way to recover a common outlook was to take a step back in time- two thousand years back. In fact, in its infancy, modern Greece established its identity by returning to its roots in Pericles' Athens of fifth century BC. Therefore, the written language that originated from Hellenistic Koine, which itself originated from the lonic-Attic dialect, gave Greece a united language that corresponded to their reacquired sense of national unity. Modern Greek pronunciation was achieved by keeping what was common to the majority of Hellenes and eliminating all local quirks. The vowel sounds of Koine remained intact, as did its written form. Modern Greek phonetics is the same as Hellenistic phonetics, though some consonants are pronounced differently. Although the grammatical forms that had disappeared thousands of years before, like aspect, dual number, the optative, and the dative, could not be resurrected, in many regards modern Greek remained ancient. The current language continues to draw a distinction between the present and aorist, retaining all of that distinction's semantic value, and still uses the accusative, nominative, genitive, and vocative cases (though the plural genitive is rarely used, and the nominative and vocative are often mixed up). Modern Greek made two surprising innovations. It got rid of infinitive verbs-a feature it shares with the languages of the Balkans-and invented a future tense by paraphrasing the verb "to want": "I will judge" is expressed as a кpivo, "I want to judge"-and therefore "will judge."
    2
  2724. Luca Schmidt Greece is hellenized turco-albanian-italian-slavic Lol
    2
  2725. Luca Schmidt Greece is albanian bulgarian turco italic arabian
    2
  2726. Not really. There were many native peoples in Central Asia as well like Botai and BMAC.
    2
  2727.  @nejdan2k2  Nobody says Jie was Yeniseic except a FEW scholars, whereas majority of modern experts classified Jie as Oghur Turkic language like Andrew Shimunek and others.
    2
  2728.  @nejdan2k2  Jie and Xiongnu spoke a closely related language to GAOJU (Tiele) according to entire Chinese documents😂 such as Weishu😂 Weishu LITERALLY MENTIONED about Xiongnu language kid😂
    2
  2729. It sounds very good 😅
    2
  2730. Make Battle of Pliska as well
    2
  2731. Zengids :))
    2
  2732. Turkey :(
    2
  2733.  Kafa kafica  probably 3-4 millions
    2
  2734. Based Turkics
    2
  2735.  @middleeastrenwarriormen1017  Yes. They were part of Mongol NATION
    2
  2736. Tatars are not Tartars from Manchuria but Cuman/Kipchak/Bulgar Turks Siberia.
    2
  2737. Third
    2
  2738. Hahaha The Moguls (Mughals; the nineteenth- century British off icials and historians called them Moghuls) referred to themselves as Chagatai Turks or Timurids even though their family links with the Chagatai branch of the Chingizids were weak. Roy, Kaushik. “From the Mamluks to the Mansabdars: A Social History of Military Service in South Asia, c. 1500 to c. 1650.” Fighting for a Living: A Comparative Study of Military Labour 1500-2000, edited by Erik-Jan Zürcher, Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam, 2013, pp. 81–114.
    2
  2739. Maybe but there are some connections between dulo,arpad and attilid clans
    2
  2740.  @HZTV1  Huns were Bulgars The language of the European Huns is sometimes referred to as a Bulghar Turkic variety in general linguistic literature, but caution is needed in establishing its affiliations. https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/4CBA0E2CB74C8093EC1CA38C95067D55/S2513843X20000183a_hi.pdf/_div_class__title__Early_nomads_of_the_Eastern_Steppe_and_their_tentative_connections_in_the_West__div_.pdf
    2
  2741. Yes babe
    2
  2742. Turkey and Göyreece🤣
    2
  2743. Genghis Khan’s forces were responsible for the deaths of an estimated 2-3 million Persians in Khorasan alone. Cities across the region, such as Otrar, Jand (in Transoxania), Bukhara, Samarkand, Gurganj, Termez, Balkh, Merv, Nishapur, Herat, Bamiyan, and Tus, suffered immense devastation. For instance, in Merv, after the governor surrendered under Tolui’s promise to spare the citizens, the Mongols broke their word and slaughtered nearly everyone, around 700,000 people, in one of the bloodiest captures of a city in history. The massacre was so immense that there was no one left to even bury the dead. Almost the entire population of Merv, along with refugees arriving from other parts of the Khwarazmian Empire, was killed, and the city, once one of the greatest in the world, never managed to recover from this devastation. Nishapur faced a similarly grim fate; when Genghis Khan’s son-in-law died while attacking the city, his daughter ordered the entire population put to the sword to avenge him, even though he had been the invader. This mentality, destroying an entire city to avenge an invader’s death, highlights the brutal approach Genghis and his family often took. And we need to remember this was only the eastern part of Persia; the western part experienced the same levels of devastation and suffering.
    2
  2744. In fact, Turkic-speaking peoples have played a major role in Iranian history, ruling the country from the eleventh century up to the early twentieth. Even today they represent more than a quarter of Iran's population. Foltz, R. (2016) Iran in world history. Oxford etc.: Oxford University Press. p.61 Homa Katouzian, "Iranian history and politics", Published by Routledge, 2003. p. 128: "Indeed, since the formation of the Ghaznavids state in the tenth century until the fall of Qajars at the beginning of the twentieth century, most parts of the Iranian cultural regions were ruled by Turkic-speaking dynasties most of the time. The Azerbaijanis derive in part from a heritage of Turkic rule over Iran, during most of the past 1,000 years. Iran adopted the Shi'a version of Islam under the rule of the Safavid Azerbaijani Turks beginning in 1500. The Turkic Qajar Dynasty (1779–1924) controlled all of present-day Iran and extensive territory in the Caucasus and Central Asia. When Colonel Reza Khan Pahlavi overthrew the Qajars, he promoted Persian language, culture, and identity at the expense of Azeri Turkish. Zartman, J.K. (2020) Conflict in the modern middle east: An encyclopedia of Civil War, Revolutions, and regime change. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. p.136
    2
  2745. :0
    2
  2746. Agha won this battle
    2
  2747. From this point of view, a large part of the 19 Cypriot historiography did not manage to achieve the substantial for the historian, to use a phrase by Eric Hobsbawm, overcoming of passions and political identities, 20⁰ identities that were of course created at the end or even after the Ottoman period. That is to say, that the national political identity of the Greek and the Turk, the national political ensembles of Greeks and Turks, realities of the post-Ottoman period in Cyprus are projected on the past of the 16th century. Thus, in 1571 Cyprus was conquered by the Ottomans and for the next three hundred and more years was a part of the Ottoman territory. The Greek Cypriot historiography uses for this transition and generally the entire Ottoman period the term Turkish rule a term that lends a national Turkish identity to Ottomans. A big part of traditional historiography refers to a Turkish state,²¹ mentioning a Turkish government, while correspondingly the conquered are included in another national identity, the Greek, which - and perhaps this is more important - at the time history is written, is in conflict with the Turkish. Already from the end of the 19th century, Greek Cypriot historiography states that during the Turkish rule "the spirit of the inhabitants fell to a pitiful point and poverty and misery and extreme ignorance, and depression of the national morale covered the island".23 The Orthodox on the island are defined by traditional historiography as a political group since "in the vizier's orders the participant in the defence of Famagusta Greek was a term that was generalised for all Greeks on the island". In relation to the population on the island the Turkish rule mentions that "after the occupation of Cyprus by the Turks the census that took place for tax pur poses revealed that the native Cypriot Greeks aged [...] in this population 20.000 30.000 Turks were added".25 It is also established that "the Turkish occupation brought to Cyprus many radical changes. The Turks supported the Greek population on the island in order not to give the opportunity to the peoples of Europe to be interested in the Cypriots […]”.26 And as it began with a national conflict that is how italso ends, since it is mentioned that “while the Turkish conquerors suppressed andpersecuted the Greeks on the island […]”.27 The existence therefore of a politicalnational group is considered given and every analysis of the Ottoman period func-tions in a way to bring to the forefront or reinforce the existence, even under difficultconditions, of such a group. This expressed the stereotyped view that the Cypriots“managed under the protection of the Church to maintain their religion, language,and national conscience as Greeks”.28 Even when relations are examined on differentlevels, even when they refer to the 17th century, these are characterised as relationsof the “Greeks and the Turks of Cyprus”.29 In the Turkish Cypriot historiography, the same perception is more or less fol-lowed; history is written under the same terms, the national terms but with one sub-stantial difference: The “Turks on the island” 30 are usually referred to as acomplimentary term of the word Ottomans and are placed on the side of the goodoften contrary to the “Greeks, Greek Cypriots” who are on the opposite side. Thesettlement of the “Turks”on the island is interpreted as something that broughtabout positive results for the entire island 31 and the local Ottoman administration isgenerally whitewashed. In short, Turkish Cypriot historiography also accepts theexistence of national groups. The Church of Cyprus expresses again the Greeks of Cyprus and its activities are mainly targeted against the Turks of Cyprus, 32 whilewithout hesitation the actions of the Prelates of 1600 in Cyprus are combined andidentified with the Akritas plan of the period after the independence. 33 The Prelatesare considered to express not only spiritually but also nationally the Orthodox of Cyprus while institutionally the Church of Cyprus is perceived as warring towardsthe local Turkish administration. 34 The Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot histo-riographies are identified when they project the present on the past, a past howeverthat is perceived and interpreted from a very different national point of view. Michael, M., Kappler, M. and Gavriel, E., 2009. Ottoman Cyprus. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, pp.14,15.
    2
  2748.  @mrj428  also too many Northern Han Chinese peoples look Turkic due to millions of Sinicized Turkic peoples
    2
  2749.  @mrj428  Turks were originally Southern Siberian looking people not Sinid
    2
  2750. Of course. Their identity was always Roman not Greek
    2
  2751. Eastern Roman Empire was indeed a Roman state not a hellenic state as sometimes claimed by ultra nationalist greeks who spreading pseudo history always. Also the rulers were mostly not greeks ( only two weak dynasties were of hellenic origin ) but illyrians, latins, arameans, thracians, armenians, arabs, italians etc. who ruled over weak hellenic peoples 😂😂😂😂 Hellenic history is very weak history to compare other ethno-linguistic groups that’s why they always trying to steal others history. Hellenic peoples got ruled by foreing peoples in most of history😂😂🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
    2
  2752. The Qur'an includes the Surat Ar-Rum, the sura dealing with "the Romans", sometimes translated as "The Byzantines," reflecting a term now used in the West. These Romans of the 7th century, referred to as Byzantines in modern Western scholarship, were the inhabitants of the surviving Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire. Since all ethnic groups within the Roman empire had been granted citizenship by 212 AD, these eastern peoples had come to label themselves Ρωμιοί or Ῥωμαῖοι Romaioi (Romans), using the word for Roman citizen in the eastern lingua franca of Koine Greek. This citizenship label became "Rûm" in Arabic. The Eastern Roman, or Byzantine, Empire traced its origin as an institution to the foundation of Constantinople as the new capital of the Roman Empire in 330 by Constantine the Great. The Byzantine Empire survived the 5th century, when the Western Roman Empire fell, more or less intact and its populace continually maintained that they were Romaioi (Romans), not Hellenes (Greeks), even as the empire's borders gradually became reduced to in the end only encompassing Greek-speaking lands. Nicol 1992, p. ix.
    2
  2753. Yes, there are two main reasons of this hatred. Eurocentrism and Anti-Turkism.
    2
  2754. Weishu, vol. 103 txt: "高車，[...] 其語略與匈奴同而時有小異，或云其先匈奴之甥也", tr: "The Gaoju, [...] their language and the Xiongnu's are similar though differ a little; or to say it differently, they are the sororal nephews/sons-in-laws of the Xiongnu” According to the Book of Wei, the Yuebans' language and customs were the same as the Gaoche, who were Turkic speakers. Yuebans(Weak Xiongnu) cut their hair and trimmed their ghee-smeared, sun-dried, glossy eyebrows evenly, and washed before meals three times everyday. Weishu, Vol. 102 "其風俗言語與高車同，而其人清潔於胡。俗剪髮齊眉，以醍醐塗之，昱昱然光澤，日三澡漱，然後飲食。"
    2
  2755. Turks questioned the Egyptians' ability to rule and fight: they used pejorative terms, such as "fallahin," "Tat," or "Miqlaji," in referring to Egyptians, and considered them socially inferior. Salim was the only Ottoman sultan to visit Egypt until the nineteenth century. Egyptians regarded his successors as distant, though generally benevolent, figures. Chroniclers noted their accession to the throne and their deaths, but little else. Winter, M. (1998). Ottoman Egypt, 1525–1609. In M. Daly (Ed.), The Cambridge History of Egypt (The Cambridge History of Egypt, pp. 1-33). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    2
  2756. :-)
    2
  2757. Son of Mountain 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
    2
  2758. Global Elite marmara ve ege bölgesine gidersen sarışın mavi gözlü sütbeyaz Damızlık tosunlarımızı görürsün hint çingenesi aryan esmer zazo
    2
  2759. Global Elite tabi tabi trump da çok seviyor kürtleri aşık olmuş devlet kuracak size :))))))
    2
  2760. Global Elite onlar Damızlık Turukku Boğalardır zoruna mı gitti zazo devşirmesi😂😂😂😂😂😂🤣
    2
  2761. Global Elite 😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂
    2
  2762. Global Elite sen avrupalı değil Hindu olan tarafındasın ama😂😂😂😂😂😂
    2
  2763. Global Elite Çingeneler aryanların babasıdır oğlum seninle aynı soydan gelirler Hindistandan tıpkı sizin gibi buralara yayılmışlar
    2
  2764. Global Elite Elazığlı olmasam inanacam zaZo devşirmesi dayza köpeği🤣😂😂😂😂😂😂
    2
  2765. Global Elite sen o karakıllı deza götünle okumuşsun😂😂😂😂😂😂😂
    2
  2766. Sarışın mavi gözlü moğol https://images.app.goo.gl/PsPjyx3P5nn9k8Ba6
    2
  2767. Sarışın mavi gözlü Kırgız https://images.app.goo.gl/RmpC1maezy5wBaPLA
    2
  2768. https://images.app.goo.gl/Pu5AkTLkL6FHjDnt7 Aydınlı Yörükler
    2
  2769. Global Elite senin kucağına oturduğun Amerika Avrupa bile çine ses çıkaramıyor kaldı ki Türkiye çıkarsın cahil köpek
    2
  2770. Ulan cehaletin içinde yüzüyorsun bi de hAvlarsın bak bakalım Türkçe nerde çince nerde aptal herif Dillerin Sınıflandırılması, Dil Aileleri TÜRKÇENİN DÜNYA DİLLERİ ARASINDAKİ YERİ Kaynak bakımından birbirine yakın olan diller bir aile teşkil ederler. Dünya dilleri bu şekilde çeşitli dil ailelerine ayrılırlar. Bir dil ailesi tarihin bilinmeyen devirlerinde bir ana dilden çıkan dillerin oluşturduğu topluluktur. Bu diller arasındaki benzerlikler böyle bir varsayımı kuvvetlendirmektedir. Bir ana dilin yazılı belgeleri olmadığı halde birçok özelliklerini kendisinden türemiş bulunan ailedeki dilleri karşılaştırarak tesbit etmek mümkün olabilmektedir. Dünyadaki Başlıca Dil Aileleri Şunlardır: 1. Hint-Avrupa Dilleri Ailesi Hint-Avrupa Dilleri Ailesi Hint-Avrupa dil ailesi Dünya’nın en büyük dil ailesidir. Yüzlerce dil ve lehçe içerir. Dünyada 2,5 milyarı aşkın kişinin ana dili Hint-Avrupa dil ailesine ait bir dildir. Avrupa’nın en büyük dilleri, Güney ve Batı Asya dilleri, Kuzey ve Güney Amerika ve Okyanusya’da en çok konuşulan diller Hint-Avrupa dilleridir. Günümüzde dünyada en çok konuşulan 20 dilden 12’si Hint-Avrupa dil grubuna aittir. Bunlar İngilizce, İspanyolca, Hintçe, Portekizce, Bengalce, Rusça, Almanca, Fransızca, Marati, İtalyanca, Puncapca ve Urduca’dır. a) Hint-İran Dilleri: İran, Afgan, Pakistan, Hindistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal dilleri, b) Slav Dilleri: Rusça, Bulgarca, Lehçe (Polonya), Çekçe, Slovakça, Baltık dilleri, c) Roman Dilleri (Latinceden türetilmiş diller): İtalyanca, Fransızca, İspanyolca, Portekizce, Rumence… ç) Cermen Dilleri: İngilizce, Almanca, Felemenkçe, İsveççe, Norveççe… Bu dillerden başka Yunanca, Arnavutça, Keltçe, Litvanca, Hititçe de Hint-Avrupa Dil Ailesinin Avrupa koluna girer. 2. Hami-Sami Dilleri: Orta Doğu ve Kuzey Afrika’ya yayılmış çeşitli topluluklarca konuşulan yaklaşık 250 dilden oluşur. Hami ve Sami alt grupları olmak üzere ikiye ayrılır. a) Hami Dilleri: Eski Mısır dili, Kuşi dili, Libya-Berber dili, Çad dili, b) Sami Dilleri: Arapça, İbranice (Kenanca), Habeşçe, Akatça. Bu ailenin yaşayan en önemli dilleri Arapça ve İbranicedir. 3. Bantu Dilleri: Bantu Dilleri Orta ve Güney Afrika’da yaşayan kabilelerin konuştukları 400’den fazla dilin bütününe verilen addır. Lingalaca, Lubaca, Kongoca, Swahili (Svahili), Pölce, Susuca, Gurca, Akanca Bantu dilleri grubundandır. Aslında Bantu’yu bir dil ailesi olarak adlandırmak yanlış olur, çok farklı kurallar içeren diller de bu grubun bir üyesi olabilir. Bantu bölgede konuşulan dillere verilen genel addır. Bantu sözcüğünün ne anlama geldiği konusunda ortak kabul görmüş bir görüş olmasa da bantu birçok Bantu dilinde “insan” anlamına gelir. 4. Çin-Tibet Dilleri: Çin (Sin) ve Tibet-Burma Dilleri gruplarında yer alan 300 Doğu Asya dilinden oluşur. Çince, Tibetçe, Dzongka, Birmanca, Vietnamca ve Kmerce bu gruba girer. 5. Ural-Altay Dilleri: Türkçe, Ural-Altay dil ailesinin Altay kolunda yer almaktadır. Ural ve Altay dilleri akrabalığı öteden beri tartışma konusu olmuştur. Ne var ki, genel görüşe göre, bu iki kol tek kaynatan çıkmış, ancak zamanla akrabalık bağları çok zayıflamıştır.
    2
  2771. Global Elite Yörükler %100 Türktür melezlik yoktur ama sende bi yarı eşşeklik görüyorum😂😂😂😂
    2
  2772. Global Elite Ecdadım Avrupayı yönetmiş asırlarca bize özenen onlardır
    2
  2773. Sinitic peoples have only two great empires Han and Tang the rest are jokes
    2
  2774. At some point during the second half of the early eleventh century, after living for a long time among Turkic populations and studying their languages and traditions, Mahmud al-Kashghari produced a well-documented work about the "Turks." According to him, only the Qirqiz, the Qipchaq, the Oghuz and five other tribes spoke a pure Turkic language, while the languages of the Bulgars, Suvars and Pech enegs Bačänäk), while undoubtedly Turkic, had been altered by foreign influences. Mahmud al-Kashgari believed that initially there were very few differences between all those languages, all phonetical." He saw the linguistic fragmentation as a natural phenomenon, given the vast area, between the Byzantine and the Chinese frontiers, in which those peoples lived. Spinei, V., 2009. The Romanians and the Turkic nomads north of the Danube Delta from the tenth to the mid-thirteenth century. Leiden: Brill, pp.181, 182.
    2
  2775. Kaynak?
    2
  2776. 🇹🇷🌝🇦🇿❤️
    2
  2777. Cringe
    2
  2778. F** our government from Turkey
    2
  2779. 3:38 😐
    2
  2780.  @elenafoka6506  The tribe of Macedones or ruling family which took over the central plain was known, according to later sources, as Argeadae. The Argeadae were thought to have originated in Orestis, and despite the later power struggles between the ruling monarchy of Lower Macedonia and the tribes of Upper Macedonia, each with their own ruling families, they were considered "kin" due to their common origin in the western mountains and their common language, common haircut, short cloak, and other customs, which would have included religious cults, stock herding and -breeding, hunting, and horsemanship. All written records so far uncovered are in forms of Greek, and by the mid fourth century it appears the Argead royal court preferred spoken Greek as its official language, though there are also references to a "Macedonian" (makedonisti) language or dialect, which predominated within the army and was unintelligible to Greek speakers from the southern part of the peninsula. Ancient Macedonia 1st Edition by Carol J. King (Author) p.12
    2
  2781.  @elenafoka6506  No amount of reason will shake modern Greek faith in the Hellenic ethnicity of the ancient Macedonians and their kings. It is more than a political prefer ence: many Greeks see it as a necessity, despite the inconclusive ancient evidence on the nationality of the Macedonians. But recent scholarship has begun to provide a response to old Greek arguments. There is an insufficient amount of evidence-the existence of Greek inscriptions in the kingdom of the Macedonians notwithstand ing-to know what the native language or dialect was. E.g., several dialects of Greek were used in ancient Macedonia, but what was the Macedonian dialect? The evidence of ancient writers suggests that Greek and Macedonian were mutually unintelligible languages in the court of Alexander the Great. Moreover, if contemporary or his torical opinion from antiquity means anything, the ancient world from the fourth century B.C. into the early Hellenistic period-roughly the age of Philip and Alexan der-believed that the Greeks and Macedonians were different peoples. None of which, incidentally, denies that the Macedonians, at least in their court and gentry, were quite highly hellenized, as recent archaeology has clearly shown. See E. Badian, "Greeks and Macedonians," Macedonia and Greece in Late Classical and Early Hellenis tic Times, Studies in the History of Art 10, ed. B. Barr-Sharrar and E. N. Borza (Wash ington, D.C., 1982). 33-51: Eugene N. Borza, In the Shadow of Olympus: The Emergence of Macedon, rev. ed. (Princeton, 1992), ch. 4 and pp. 305-6; id., "Athenians, Mace donians, and the Origins of the Macedonian Royal House," in Studies in Attic Epigra phy, History, and Topography Presented to Eugene Vanderpool, Hesperia suppl. 19 (1982). 713: id., "Ethnicity and Cultural Policy at Alexander's Court." AncW 23 (1992): 1999. The eye expanded. Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press, p.263.
    2
  2782.  @panagiotis7946  Although the Macedonians used Greek names, worshipped Greek gods, adopted certain Greek customs, and perhaps spoke an Aeolic dialect of Greek, they maintained a separate ethnic identity." Their regional affiliations, political loyalty to local kings, settlement patterns (rural rather than urban), etc. distinguished them from the polis culture of the Greeks. Although in the classical period some Macedonians spoke Greek that their southern neighbors understood, their language was probably unintelligible to most Greeks. Unfortunately, no literary works in the Macedonian language have survived to adequately compare the written word with that of the Greeks. Consequently, despite a probable familial connection, it remains uncertain how closely the Greek and Macedonian language were related." Philip II of Macedon: A New Age. Begins Paperback – August 13, 2019 by Mark Luttenberger (Author)
    2
  2783. Ayyüb Bin Shādhi , the progenitor of the Ayyubid dynasty belonged to a Kurdish tribe , whose forefathers had settled in northern Armenia , and had become thoroughly Turkicised because of the services rendered by them in the midst of Turkish soldiers '1. Ali, A., 1996. Islamic dynasties of the Arab east. New Dehli: M D Publications.
    2
  2784. 🇹🇷😢
    2
  2785. Devleti yöneten derken? Osmanlı hanedanı hariç hiç kimse Osmanlı’yı yönetmedi.
    2
  2786.  @enkhzayazundui1063  Are you sure that you’re not a Mongolized Turkic :)
    2
  2787.  @Orgil.  Golden Horde aka Kipchak Khanate
    2
  2788. The noblest of these nations that were not interested in science are the Chinese and the Turks. The Chinese are the largest of the peoples by number, the most imposing by kingdom, and the most considerable by territory. The domains they occupy are in the eastern parts of the inhabited world, between the equinoctial line to the extreme of the seven climates to the north. His share in knowledge (ma'rifa) is to surpass all nations in mastery of handicrafts and perfection of graphic arts. They are the most suffered of men in the prolonged effort, which the improvement of the works [supposes], as well as in enduring the harshness of the penalties in the perfection of the arts (sana'i"). As for the Turks, [they] also form a great nation with numerous troops and an imposing kingdom. The domains they inhabit are found between the eastern regions of Juräsän, [on the side] of the Islamic empire, the western regions of China, northern India, and the extreme north of the inhabited world. Their virtue is that they stand out and achieve supremacy in doing war, as well as in the elaboration of weapons; for they are the most skilful of men in horsemanship and [warfare] tactics, and the keenest of eyes for spearing, striking with the sword, and shooting arrows. Ahmad, A.S. ibn and Salgado, M.F. (1999) Libro de las categorías de las naciones: Vislumbres desde el islam clásico sobre la filosofía y la ciencia. Tres cantos: Akal., p.43
    2
  2789. In a short: Chad Romans 😼 Virgin Macedonians 🥺
    2
  2790. Richest country ???
    2
  2791.  @viveliran7509  stfu
    2
  2792.  @Deepak_Dhakad  🤲🏿🤲🏿🤲🏿🍼🍼🍼
    2
  2793. Cypriot Greek has often been referred to as a dialect of Greek (Contossopoulos, 2000); a variety that is linguistically proximal to Standard Modern Greek (Grohmann and Kambanaros, 2016 Grohmann et al. 2016), which is the official language in the environment our participants acquire language. Although the official language in education and other formal settings is indeed Standard Modern Greek, research has shown the boundaries between the two varieties, Standard Modern Greek and Cypriot Greek, and their distribution across different registers is not straightforward (Grohmann and Leivada, 2012, Tsiplakou et al. 2016). At times mixing is attested without code-switching being in place, while no official characterization has been provided for any of these terms in this specific context. The question arising in this context is whether the attested variants emerging in mixed speech repertoires are functionally equivalent for an individual speaker. The concept of "competing grammars goes back to Krich 11989, 1991), who proposed that speakers project multiple grammars to deal with ambiguous input This concept has been explicitly connected to the relation between Standard and Cypriot Greek (Papadopo et al. 2014; plaka 2014; Grohman et al 2017) The two varieties have differences in all levels of linguistic analysis and often monolingual speakers of Standard Modern Greek judge Cypriot Greek as unintelligible. At the same time, Greek Cypriot speakers do not always provide reliable judgments of their own speech since these are often clouded by sociolinguistic attitudes toward using the non-standard variety. Cypriot Greek lacks official codification and its status as a different language/variety is often denied by Greek Cypriots who may downplay the differences between Standard Modern Greek and Cypriot Greek and describe the latter as just an accent (Arvaniti, 2010). As the discussion of the different variants will make clear in the next section, the two varieties have differences across levels of linguistic analysis and these differences vastly exceed the sphere of phonetics or phonology. All speakers of Cypriot Greek have exposure to Standard Modern Greek through education and other mediums and in this way, they are competent to different degrees in both varieties. We employ the term 'bilectal' (Rowe and Grohmann, 2013, 2014) to refer to the participants of this study, although it is not entirely clear that the varieties they are exposed to are Standard Modern Greek and Cypriot Greek or that they are only two varieties, under the assumption that a continuum is in place. For instance, the term 'Cypriot Standard Greek' (Arvaniti, 2010) has been proposed to refer to an emerging variety that may count as the standard in the context of Cyprus. This would be a sociolinguistically 'high' variety (Ferguson, 1959) that is used in formal settings, although its degree of proximity with Standard Modern Greek is difficult to determine with precision because great fluidity is attested across different settings and geographical areas. At the school environment, for example, one notices the existence of three different varieties: Cypriot Greek, as the home variety that is used when students interact with each other, Standard Modern Greek, as the language of the teaching material, and another standard-like variety that incorporates elements from both varieties, and is present in the repertoire of both the students and the instructors (Sophocleous and Wilks. 2010; Hadjioannou et al., 2011; Leivada et al.. 2017).
    2
  2794. Where is the Afshars?
    2
  2795. Cap👽
    2
  2796. The Turks have constantly been an imperial people. They have made a habit of empire building, and although none of their structures have attained the imposing dimensions of the Mongol achievement, many of them have been far more lasting. The maps show at least a dozen states of the first rank which have been constructed by Turkish peoples, and another dozen built by Turkish leaders, sometimes by themselves, sometimes with the assistance of a military aristocracy of their own race.
    2
  2797. Kaan Özdil :)
    2
  2798. In fact, Turkic-speaking peoples have played a major role in Iranian history, ruling the country from the eleventh century up to the early twentieth. Even today they represent more than a quarter of Iran's population. Foltz, R. (2016) Iran in world history. Oxford etc.: Oxford University Press. p.61
    2
  2799. In history, “Turkish people” are famous for their strength, there is even a French expression referring to it: Il est fort comme un Turc = He is strong as a Turkish.
    2
  2800. The London Conference of 1832 was an international conference convened to establish a stable government in Greece. Negotiations between the three Great Powers (Britain, France and Russia) resulted in the establishment of the Kingdom of Greece under a Bavarian Prince. The decisions were ratified in the Treaty of Constantinople later that year. There wasn't any Greek political entity up to the 1800's when Britain, France, and Russia decided to establish an artifical ethno-state ruled by a German Dynasty to drain Ottoman influence, the previous two millennia of "Greece's history" were spent under continuous Roman-Turkish yoke
    2
  2801. Hellenic states of the Seleucids, Macedonia, Achaean League, Aetolian League, Kingdom of Pergamon, Ptolemaics etc. all got destroyed by Roman Empire which resulted as ending of Hellenistic era and post Roman Greece was basically a playground for Romans, Turks, Slavs, Albanians, Thracians, Illyrians, Armenians, Italians and Germanic peoples as we all know Hellenic rule in Greece broadly ended with the Roman conquest of Greece resulting with a dominant Roman, Turkic, and Germanic rule whereas only 3 short lived Hellenic dynasties, Komnenids, Angelids and Laskarids, managed to rule Grece Foreign rule in Greece; Achaemenid dynasty (Iranic) Nerva–Antonine dynasty (Italic) Severan dynasty (Punic) Gordian dynasty (Celtic) Decian dynasty (Illyrian) Valerian dynasty (Italic) Caran dynasty (Illyrian) Constaninian dynasty (Illyrian) Valentinian dynasty (Illyrian) Theodosian dynasty (Hispanian) Leonid dynasty (Thracian) Justinian dynasty (Illyrian) Heraclian dynasty (Armenian) Isaurian dynasty (Armenian) Nikephorian dynasty (Arabic) Dulo dynasty (Turkic) Krum’s dynasty (Turkic) Amorian dynasty (Jewish) Macedonian dynasty (Armenian) Phokas dynasty (Armenian) Doukid dynasty (most likely Armenian) Diogenes dynasty (most likely Armenian) Principality of Arbanon (Albanian) Principality of Valona (Slavized Turkic) Duchy of the Archipelago (Italian) Kingdom of Cyprus (Germanic) Kingdom of Thessalonica (Germanic) Empire of Thessalonica (most likely Armenian) Latin Empire (Germanic) Asenid dynasty (Slavized Turkic) Duchy of Athens (French) Duchy of Neopatras (Spanish) Marquisate of Bodonitsa (Germanic) Lordship of Argos and Nauplia (Germanic) Lordship of Salona (Germanic) Lordship of Chios (Italian) Knights Hospitaller of Rhodes (Germanic) Principality of Achaea (French) Palaiologos dynasty (most likely Italic) Nemanjic dynasty (Slavic) Despotate of Arta (Albanian) Despotate of Ioannia (Albanian) League of Lezhe (Albanian) Vojivonic dynasty (Slavic) Venetian dominions in Greece (Italian) Principality of Lesbos (Italian) Kingdom of Candia (Italian) Kingdom of Ioanian Islands (Italian) Kingdom of the Morea (Italian) Triarchy of Negroponte (French) Ottoman dynasty (Turkic) Pashalik of Berat (Albanian) Pashalik of Yanina (Albanian) Pashalik of Scutari (Albanian) Septinsular Republic (Italian) House of Wittelsbach (Germanic) United States of the Ionian Islands (Germanic) Principality of Samos (Slavic)
    2
  2802. 2:20 Turk guy Tamerlane not mongol
    2
  2803.  @stantorren4400  no
    2
  2804.  @stantorren4400  this ancestry is fake
    2
  2805. The Turks have constantly been an imperial people. They have made a habit of empire building, and although none of their structures have attained the imposing dimensions of the Mongol achievement, many of them have been far more lasting. The maps show at least a dozen states of the first rank which have been constructed by Turkish peoples, and another dozen built by Turkish leaders, sometimes by themselves, sometimes with the assistance of a military aristocracy of their own race.
    2
  2806. Hmmm
    2
  2807. Burtas=Turks
    2
  2808. Ottoman-Venetian wars= 🇹🇷7-2🇮🇹 1416-1416 Ottoman-Venetian war🇮🇹 1422-1430 Ottoman-Venetian war🇹🇷 1463-1479 Ottoman-Venetian war🇹🇷 1499-1503 Ottoman-Venetian war🇹🇷 1537-1540 Ottoman-Venetian war🇹🇷 1570-1573 Ottoman-Venetian war🇹🇷 1645-1669 Ottoman-Venetian war🇹🇷 1684-1699 Ottoman-Venetian war🇮🇹 1714-1718 Ottoman-Venetian war🇹🇷
    2
  2809.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  They destroyed more than 10 Turkic empires/khanates 💀we are still crying
    2
  2810.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  Iranic Alania Kingdom got also destroyed by Chinggisid Empire
    2
  2811.  @raytheon6507  Turks were mainly military slaves wheras Griks were mostly concubines and those of house cleaners :)
    2
  2812. Turkic history is way better than Slavic history.Slavic peoples didn’t even found one empire but they talking about history😹😹
    2
  2813. Ottomans conquered Cyprus from Venetians, Venetians took from Crusaders, Crusaders took from Romans… Where were Greeks lol🤣
    2
  2814. Salyangoz sürüngen bir hayvan yani ezikliği temsil ediyor sanki
    2
  2815. Han dynasty :0
    2
  2816. Really ???
    2
  2817. This essay examines Nader Shah Afshar's attempts to legitimize his rule by dint of his Turkic background. Over the course of his rise to power and reign, Nader consistently argued that his Afshar and Turkman affiliations granted him the right to rule over Iranian territory as an equal to his Ottoman, Mughal, and Central Asian contemporaries. Aided by his chief secretary and court historian, Mīrzā Mahdī Astarābādī, Nader's assertions paralleled those found in popular narratives about the history of Oghuz Turks in Islamic lands. This element of Nader's political identity is often overlooked by historians because it did not outlive the brief Afsharid period, but it demonstrates how the Safavid collapse led to the circulation of dynamic new claims to Iranian and Islamic political power. Karamustafa, A. (2022). The Hero of “the Noble Afshar People”: Reconsidering Nader Shah's Claims to Lineage and Legitimacy. Iranian Studies, 1-15 Besides territorial integrity, two alternative concepts of sovereignty to replace the crumbling dynastic ideal can be discerned in Nadir Shah's negotiations with the Ottomans in the 1730s. Nadir proposed equal relations based, first, on Ottoman recognition of the legitimacy of Twelver Shiism as a fifth school of orthodox Islamic law. And second, he proposed something akin to an ethnic or national concept - equal relations based on Nadir Shah's identity as a member of the noble Turkmen family of peoples." Howard, D. (2017). A History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp.192
    2
  2818. 🤨🤨🤨🤨🤨🤨🤨🤨🤨🤨🤨🤨🤨
    2
  2819. 👁️👄👁️
    2
  2820. Nomado Xianbei is Multhiethnic,they spoke both Turkic and Proto-Mongolic for example tuoba clan spoke turkic but murong clan spoke proto-mongolic
    2
  2821. Evi1M4chine They are Facts,mongols had no khaganate in their history but we have many ones Göktürk Khaganate,Uygur Khaganate,Khazar Khaganate etc. Even Rus Khaganate,first russian state in the history was of khazar turkic origin
    2
  2822. Nomado I don’t said Xianbei is Turkic,i said they were Multhiethnic because Xianbei spoke more than one langauge also Mete Khan is our supreme leader and nothing to do with mongolic peoples. Xiongnu(Huns)are Turkic by linguistically,genetically,culturally etc. Not mongolic Imageasianhistory.oxfordre.com › acrefore Xiongnu - Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History The European Huns, who originated from the Xiongnu Empire, are known to have spoken primarily a Turkic language, more specifically ... Imagehttps://books.google.com.tr › books The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity Oliver Nicholson · 2018 · History Scythia Scythia Term used by Greek and Roman historians for a large area stretching from the ... of the troops were barbarian foederation of Germanic, Turkic (“Huns and "Bulgars), and ... Imagehttps://www.oxfordreference.com › ... Huns - Oxford Reference (Οὐ̑ννοι), an Asian (possibly Turkic) people that appears in Roman sources beginning with Ammianus Marcellinus; it is generally accepted. Imagehttps://projects.iq.harvard.edu › ...PDF The Hunnic Language of the Attila Clan – Projects at Harvard - Harvard University 4 Ara 1982 · character of the Hunnic language has consistently held a central ..... Also, the Chuvash cult seems to include ancestral beings. Imagehttps://www.historyfiles.co.uk › Bar... The Origins of the Huns - The History Files Although in the past the Huns are thought to have been Mongolian emigrants, it is far more likely that they were of Turkic origin. From Cambridge Imagehttps://books.google.com.tr › books Scarcity and Frontiers: How Economies Have Developed Through ... Edward B. Barbier · 2010 · Business & Economics Similarly, the Parni Indo-European nomadic tribe invaded the ancient Persian Empire ca. ... the Chinese Qin and Han Dynasties and the alliance of Turkic nomads, called the Xiongnu people. From Oxford Page 116 2.Who are the Turkic peoples This great family of peoples includes the Huns,Khazars,Avars and Bulgar Turks of former times, The present day Turks of the republic of Turkey,the Uzbeks,Kazakhs,Azerbaijanis,Kirgizs,Turkmenis, Tartars,Bashkirs and Chuvash of the USSR,and few others. From Harvard Imagehttps://books.google.com.tr › books The Harvard Dictionary of Music Willi Apel, Don Michael Randel · 2003 · Music The constant incursions in the Han's northern and northwestern frontiers by the Turkic nomads known as Xiongnu (the Huns) necessitated Han ... Imagehttps://www.britannica.com › place The Steppe - New barbarian incursions | Britannica Even the language spoken by the Huns is in dispute, though most experts believe they were of Turkish speech. https://www.britannica.com/place/the-Steppe/New-barbarian-incursions From Harvard Page 73 The principal invaders in the north were no longer the Turkic Xiongnu, Page 61 Xiongnu-Turkish nomads https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=nBDC2cqb6I0C&q=Yan%27an&dq=related:ISBN0674054555&source=gbs_word_cloud_r&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=Turkish&f=false Hun - Wiktionary A member of a nomadic tribe, the Huns, most likely of Turkic origin, which invaded Europe in the fourth century from Central Asia. There are also ... China Reconstructs - 34-35. ciltler - Sayfa 7 https://books.google.com.tr › books 1985 - ‎Snippet görünümü - ‎Diğer sürümler Their language, like that of the Xiongnu, belongs to the Turkic branch of the Altaic language family. In very ancient times their ancestors were closely related to the Xiongnu. In the mid-ninth century they moved to their present home in the ... mageasianhistory.oxfordre.com › acrefore Xiongnu - Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History The European Huns, who originated from the Xiongnu Empire, are known to have spoken primarily a Turkic language, more specifically ... Imagehttps://www.oxfordreference.com › ... Hephthalites - Oxford Reference Inner Asian 'Hunnic' group (or rather dynasty), perhaps of Turkic origin, whose name appears first in 456; by 467 they had displaced the ... Hun - Wiktionary A member of a nomadic tribe, the Huns, most likely of Turkic origin, which invaded Europe in the fourth century from Central Asia. There are also ... ^ Carter Vaughn Findley: The Turks in World History, Oxford University Press, 2004, p.29 ISBN 0195177266, 9780195177268 "It has been widely held that the Xiongnu, or at least their ruling clans, had or were acquiring a Turkic identity, or at least an Altaic one. [...]. By the end of the Xiongnu period, however, the Altaic peoples would be the ones most identified with the equestrian culture earlier developed among the Indo-European peoples of Inner Asia. Furthermore, the earliest clearly Turkic peoples appeared on the peripheries of the late Xiongnu Empire. [...] If not their ethnic progenitors, then, the Xiongnu had manifold ties to the later Turks." ^ Carter Vaughn Findley: The Turks in World History, Oxford University Press, 2004, p.21 ISBN 0195177266, 9780195177268: "The Xiongnu have been widely, although not universally, regarded as precursors of the Turkic peoples ^ John Man, Attila: the barbarian king who challenged Rome, Bantam, 2005, p.62. University of Michigan. ISBN 0593052919, 9780593052914: "The Xiongnu also worshipped Tengri. A history of the Han dynasty (206 BC - AD 8), written towards the end of the first century by the historian Pan Ku, in a section on the Xiongnu, says, 'They refer to their ruler by the title cheng li [a transliteration of tengri] ku t'u [son] shan-yii [king]' i.e. something like 'His Majesty, the Son of Heaven'. In early Turkish inscriptions, the ruler has his power from Tengri; and Tengri was the name given to Uighur kings of the eighth and ninth centuries." ^ Yuri Pines, The Everlasting Empire: The Political Culture of Ancient China and Its Imperial Legacy, Princeton University Press, 2012, p.37. ISBN 1400842271, 9781400842278: "The nomads had their own concept of Great Unity: they believed that the high god of the steppe, Heaven/Tengri, confers the right to rule on a single charismatic clan. This notion had already emerged vividly in the Xiongnu empire, and it surely influenced the nomadic rulers of China in their endorsement of the Chinese idea of unified rule." Imagehttps://academic.oup.com › 4.pdf The Huns and the End of the Roman Empire in Western ... - Oxford Academic Journals yazan: P HEATHER · 1995 · Alıntılanma sayısı: 102 · İlgili makaleler 9 Şub 2019 · was given to the Oxford 'After Rome' seminar, and I ... guess would seem to be that the Huns were the first group of Turkic, as. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/hunnic-empire .
    2
  2823. TarIk Brother the Tuoba Xianbei also known as Tabgach peoples are turkic not mongolic,every harvard professors are saying this Look at Harvard books bro https://books.google.com.tr/books?redir_esc=y&hl=tr&id=SQWW7QgUH4gC&q=Tuoba#v=snippet&q=Tuoba&f=false https://books.google.com.tr/books?redir_esc=y&hl=tr&id=02rFSecPhEsC&q=Toba#v=snippet&q=Toba&f=false https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=nBDC2cqb6I0C&printsec=frontcover&dq=harvard+china&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwivmf7lh6foAhW2AxAIHdkjCFE4MhDoATACegQIARAT#v=onepage&q=Toba&f=false .
    2
  2824. Yashar Parhat Are you Chinese?
    2
  2825. Yashar Parhat I know Xiongnus and Huns are same peoples,we call Xiongnu as Asian Huns in Turkey
    2
  2826. Persian rule in Iran broadly ended with the Islamic conquest (mid 7th century) resulting with a dominant Arabic, Turkic, and Mongolic rule whereas only 2 Iranian dynasties, Buyids and Zands, managed to rule Iran Foreign rule in Persia ; Macedonians(Hellen) Seleucids(Hellen) Rashiduns(Arab) Umayyads(Arab) Abbasids(Arab) Ghaznavids(Turk) Seljuks(Turk) Eldiguzids(Turk) Khwarezmids(Turk) Chingissids(Mongol) Ilkhanids(Mongol) Muzaffarids(Arab) Timurids(Turk) Karakoyunlu(Turk) Akkoyunlu(Turk) Safavids(Turk) Afsharids(Turk) Qajars(Turk)
    2
  2827. 😐
    2
  2828. Seljuks being 200k or 600k is nothing more than pseudo history
    2
  2829. The arrival of the Turks in the Muslim world pushed Muslim power further into India. Of particular note is Mahmud of Ghazni (r. 997-1030), a Turkic sultan who was the first to lead military expeditions deep into India. By establishing himself as the leader of an autonomous state based in Ghazni in the Afghan highlands, he was close enough to India to focus much of his attention on the subcontinent. His seventeen military campaigns into northern India served as the basis of his rule, bringing wealth and power to him and his empire. While his raids were no doubt detrimental to local power and rule in India, he also established major cultural centers and helped spread Persian culture throughout his reign. The legendary Persian poet Firdawsi, who perhaps did more to revive ancient Persian culture than any other person after the country's conversion to Islam, and al-Biruni, a scientist, historian, geologist and physicist, were both mainstays of Mahmud's court. Because of his status as a patron of the arts coupled with his ruthless raids into India, Mahmud of Ghazni's legacy in India today is colored by modern politics as much as anyone else. Regardless of his legacy, Mahmud and the Ghaznavid Dynasty he founded laid the foundation for Muslim conquest in India. The succeeding dynasty, the Ghurids, also ruled out of Afghanistan, and managed to push their borders even further into India, capturing Delhi in 1192. The Ghurids relied on slave soldiers of Turkic origin who formed the core of their army, much like the contemporary Ayyubids further west in the Muslim world. Like their counterparts in Egypt, who established the Mamluk Sultanate, the slave soldiers in India eventually overthrew their masters and inaugurated their own dynasty: the Delhi Sultanate.
    2
  2830. We wuz quotes😅
    2
  2831. Joke language family😹😹😹
    2
  2832. OTTOMAN IS BEST😍😍😍
    2
  2833. THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot."
    2
  2834. Best video you have ever made
    2
  2835. Ottomans😎
    2
  2836. He did not possess the sacral charisma enjoyed by the descendants of FATH ALI SHAH MUHAMMAD SHAH Shah IsmaiI, but he stressed his family's links with the heroic past of the Oghuz, with the migrations of the Turkmens in the days of the Il-Khans and the Aq Quyunlu, and with the age of Qizilbash hegemony. Court chroniclers lent their eloquence to the historicity of this tribal heritage. Hambly, G. (1991). IRAN DURING THE REIGNS OF FATH ‘Alī SHāH AND MUHAMMAD SHāH. In P. Avery, G. Hambly, & C. Melville (Eds.), The Cambridge History of Iran (The Cambridge History of Iran, pp. 144-173). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. The Qājār dynasty, descended from a tribe whose early traces in Iran date to the eleventh century, held the reins of power until 1925. Much like the Safavids, they were Turkmen and spoke Turkish: their ethnic group of about 10,000 people led a nomadic life in northern Iran when it conquered the principalities that had fought over the Iranian plateau after the death of Nāder Shāh (1747). Richard, Y. (2019). Iran under the Qajars. In Iran: A Social and Political History since the Qajars (pp. 1-17). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. İ “The whole world comes from Adam and Eve, and if it is proper for the family of Turanian sovereigns to boast of glory and tend to be proud of greatness, then our branch is from the same root: the clan of Qajar-Noyon is not lower than Mankyt, our tribe is glorious and worthy even higher Saldus, Dzhelair and Uzbek. Praise should be given to the Lord the peacekeeper, that he bestowed the possessions of Turan and Iran, Byzantium and Russia, Chin and Machin, Hatay, Khotan and Hindustan to the great Turkic houses " В. А. Жуковский, «Древности Закаспийского края. Развалины старого Мерва», с. 89 Fath'ali Shah composed two poems addressed to Abu al-Hasan Khan for this occasion as a gesture of royal honor. The first elaborated on the meaning of the Iranian banner; the sec ond described the picture of the king and the sign of sun on a piece of cloth.21 The second set of verses contains several sun metaphors, but the first set succinctly narrates Fath'ali Shah's notions of the country, himself, and the meaning of signs: Fath'ali, the Turki Shah, the universe-enlightening Jamshid The Lord of country Iran, the universe-adorning sun; Najmabadi, A., 2010. Women with mustaches and men without beards. Berkeley, Calif: Univ. of California Press, p.72. And now Persia was ruled by an alien tribe of Turkish origin, the members of whom are said to have been unable to speak the language of Iran. Agha Mohammed, the founder of the dynasty, took Tehran for his capital in order to be in touch with the Caspian provinces, which had always declared for the Kajars, and he soon established himself firmly throughout the country. Sykes, E., 2012. Persia and its People (RLE Iran A). Hoboken: Taylor & amp; Francis, p.33. All of the chronicles claim Turkic ancestry for the Qajars, although there is discrepancy between the accounts of what exactly that ancestry was, and who the Qajars were actually descended from. Some claimed that the Qajars were descended from a Turk by the name of Qajar Khan, who settled in Iran with Oghuz Khan. They later, it is said, joined the Aq Qoyunlu before eventually joining the Qezelbash confederacy under the Safavids." During the reign of Shah 'Abbas, the Qajars role expanded further, as they were appointed to important offices, including commanders-in-chief (qurchibashi) of the royal guards and governorships of Karabakh and Ganja." Other sources elaborate on the early history of the Qajars and claim that Qajar Khan was a son of Sertaq b. Saba from the Jalayerid tribe. Yet others wrote that the Qajars were descended from Japheth son of Noah, or from Oghuz Khan himself. Melville, C., 2022. The Contest for Rule in Eighteenth-Century Iran. London: I. B. Tauris & Company, Limited, p.86. The Qajar dynasty stemmed from Turkic tribal groups that entered the Iranian plateau after the eleventh century. The Qajar tribe achieved histori cal visibility during the Safavid period (1501-1722) as part of the Qizilbash confederacy that brought the Safavids to power. Two of its branches, the Qavanlu and Davallu, emerged as contenders for the throne after the down fall of the Safavids and the assassination of Nadir Shah Afshar in 1747. Almost half a century later, in 1794, Agha Muhammad Khan, from the Qavanlu branch, became the territory's unchallenged ruler, having defeated his diverse Davallu, Afshar, and Zand rivals. He chose the town of Tehran, close to the ancestral home of the Qajar tribe in Gorgan, as his capital. Many salient features of the kingdom that Agha Muhammad Khan came to rule were similar to those of previous Turkic kingdoms. The military was composed almost entirely of a Turkish-speaking tribal elite and its follow ers. Turkish was the unofficial spoken language of the dynasty's members until the end of the nineteenth century. Beck, L. and Nashat, G., 2004. Women in Iran from 1800 to the Islamic Republic. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, p.5.
    2
  2837.  @Cyrus.the.Great_Cassandane  He conquered Sogdians, Sakas and other Iranics as well
    2
  2838. Warmonger_13 Proto-Hungarians😘
    2
  2839. Iranic peoples were nobody in central asia since the Turkic Ghaznavid/Karakhanid conquest😭 we made you nobodies but slaves
    2
  2840. Iranic peoples were nobody in central asia since the Turkic Ghaznavid/Karakhanid conquest😭 we made you nobodies but slaves
    2
  2841. Murat Durmaz Turco mongolic ifadesini yalnızca mughal için kullanmış orada
    2
  2842. Murat Durmaz Turco yu hepsi için diyor mongolianı sırf mughal için diyor,yanlış yazılmış biraz
    2
  2843. Timurid Turk yuh ya turco-mongol a da razıydım kimin neresine battı da değiştirdi onu
    2
  2844. NORTHERN CYPRUS IS TURK
    2
  2845.  @Uzair_Of_Babylon465  nice
    2
  2846. 🌝
    2
  2847. 🫒🫒🫒🫒
    2
  2848. I hate both
    2
  2849. How about Ottoman tortures 👀
    2
  2850. Turkey = 10
    2
  2851. Kings and Generals de bugün Selçuklu videosu yaptı ne tesadüf😅
    2
  2852. Yes or No ?
    2
  2853. Adamı zortlatırız akıllı olun
    2
  2854.  @Orgil.  About this period, I asked my father to tell me the history of our family from the time of Yafet Aghlan, which he did, nearly in the following manner: " It is written in the Turkish history, that we are descended from Yafet Aghlan, commonly called (Abu al Atrak) Father of the Turks, son of (the Patriarch,) Japhet, he was the first monarch of the Turks: when his fifth son Aljeh Khan ascended the throne, the all gracious God bestowed on him twin sons, one of which was called Tatar, the other Moghul Timur. (2013). CHAPTER III. In C. Stewart (Trans.), The Mulfuzat Timury, or, Autobiographical Memoirs of the Moghul Emperor Timur: Written in the Jagtay Turky Language (Cambridge Library Collection - Perspectives from the Royal Asiatic Society, pp. 27-31). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139507325.015 Tīmūr’s identity as a Turk was not lim- ited only to his understanding of himself, his skills, and his heritage. All the people that he encountered, whether in the marketplace or at the royal palace, immediately recognized him as a Türk-bacha , a Turk-boy, presumably for his attire and perhaps for his looks. Possibly, he represented to them an arche- typal nomad. Whatever the reason, they still found it the most convenient and intuitive manner to address him, not knowing his name. Sela, R. (2011). Youth. In The Legendary Biographies of Tamerlane: Islam and Heroic Apocrypha in Central Asia(Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization, pp. 76-91). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511977343.006
    2
  2855. Cringe empires
    2
  2856. Turkey is dumping ground of plastics😢
    2
  2857. Real Hungolians :)
    2
  2858. The Zand dynasty, which ruled Iran from 1751 to 1794 , was the first native Iranian regime in almost six hundred years, as opposed to the Turkic and Mongolian sovereigns who until then had governed the land. Frye, R. (2009). Zand Dynasty. In The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World. : Oxford University Press.
    2
  2859. 😂😂😂😂😂😂
    2
  2860. Chaderbaijan❤
    2
  2861. Alania,Shirvanshahs,Trabzon,Abhkazia and Tiflis emirate are not georgian
    2
  2862.  @killmonger6972  Abhkaz people are not Georgian
    2
  2863.  @killmonger6972  Georgians,Abhkazians and Lazes are Kartvelians
    2
  2864.  @killmonger6972  i mean emirate of tiflis(arabic small emirate)
    2
  2865.  @killmonger6972  Kartvelians are father of Georgians,Lazes,Imeretis etc.
    2
  2866. Turkey = 10
    2
  2867. @a a :)))
    2
  2868. @Y H :/
    2
  2869. 😭🥲
    2
  2870. Chadressin Gigarossa 😎
    2
  2871. No
    2
  2872.  @persianguy1524  Ottoman lingua franca was Ottoman Turkish 😹😹 and btw even achaemenid lingua franca was aramaic not even persian
    2
  2873.  @theegyptianpharaonicking3849  Iran and orthodox country?
    2
  2874. Turkey 🥲
    2
  2875. Ottoman Toilets ?
    2
  2876. Kingdom of Hawaii
    2
  2877. Persian rule in Iran broadly ended with the Islamic conquest (mid 7th century) resulting with a dominant Arabic, Turkic, and Mongolic rule whereas only 2 Iranian dynasties, Buyids and Zands, managed to rule Iran Foreign rule in Persia ; Macedonians(Hellen) Seleucids(Hellen) Rashiduns(Arab) Umayyads(Arab) Abbasids(Arab) Ghaznavids(Turk) Seljuks(Turk) Eldiguzids(Turk) Khwarezmids(Turk) Chingissids(Mongol) Ilkhanids(Mongol) Muzaffarids(Arab) Timurids(Turk) Karakoyunlu(Turk) Akkoyunlu(Turk) Safavids(Turk) Afsharids(Turk) Qajars(Turk)
    2
  2878. Spermbians😅
    2
  2879. Japonic dynasty
    2
  2880. Afghanistan:I am graveyard of Empires Turks and Mongols:Hold my beer
    2
  2881. The rulers of Russia were all Nordic origin Viking Ruriks and Danish Romanovs🤣🤣🤣 but slavic kids talking about defeating turks or other something😅😅
    2
  2882. In the middle of the sixth century the Turkic group bearing the ethnonym Türk crushed the Ruanruan and gained control of the castern steppes for the next few hundred years. The subsequent Türk empires at times also controlled Mongolic and Para-Mongolic peoples, including the Khitan, who copied political and organizational terms from Turkic. During this period, the ancestors of the historical Mongols are likely to have been contained within the entities known by the names Otuz Tatar (Shiwei) and Toquz Tatar (Southern Shiwei), located east and southeast of Lake Baikal. West and north of the lake were the Turkic Üc Qurigan, the linguistic ancestors of the Yakut. In 742 the Türk were defeated by the likewise Turkic confederation of the Uighur, who, in turn, were pushed aside by the Ancient Kirghiz in the 840s. Some Uighur tribes took refuge with the Otuz Tatar, but most of them withdrew to the oases of Eastern Turkestan. The Uighur then never returned to the steppes, even when they were invited by the Khitan, who had overcome the Kirghiz in the 920s. In the twelfth century, part of the Khitan, subseqently known as the Black Khitan (Qara Qitay), migrated westward to Central Asia and became Turkicized. In Mongolia, the immediate linguistic ancestors of the historical Mongols spread Mongolic (Pre-Proto- Mongolic) speech to territories previously held by Turkic speaking populations. The Mongols mainly occupied the basins of the rivers Orkhon and Kerulen, but the closely related Kereit and Naiman tribes expanded further to the west. Both the Kereit and espe- cially the Naiman may have contained unassimilated Turkic elements, as is suggested by the occurrence of Turkic names and titles among them. Janhunen, J. (2011) The Mongolic languages. London: Routledge. p.406
    2
  2883. Western sources often refer to a “harem” with an allegedly large number of concubines, among them many Parthian slaves, but also Greek hetairai from Ionia (Plut. Crass. 32.6). Carney, E. and Müller, S., n.d. The Routledge companion to women and monarchy in the ancient Mediterranean world.
    2
  2884. Bulgarian is Turkic word Proto-Altaic: *bŭ́li Nostratic: Nostratic Meaning: to stir, shake, smear Russian meaning: трясти, помешивать, мазать Turkic: *bulga- (Turkish bula) Mongolian: *büli- Tungus-Manchu: *bul- Japanese: *púr-
    2
  2885. The Turks have constantly been an imperial people. They have made a habit of empire building, and although none of their structures have attained the imposing dimensions of the Mongol achievement, many of them have been far more lasting. The maps show at least a dozen states of the first rank which have been constructed by Turkish peoples, and another dozen built by Turkish leaders, sometimes by themselves, sometimes with the assistance of a military aristocracy of their own race.
    2
  2886. Persian rule in Iran broadly ended with the Islamic conquest (mid 7th century) resulting with a dominant Arabic, Turkic, and Mongolic rule whereas only 2 Iranian dynasties, Buyids and Zands, managed to rule Iran Foreign rule in Persia ; Macedonians(Hellen) Seleucids(Hellen) Rashiduns(Arab) Umayyads(Arab) Abbasids(Arab) Ghaznavids(Turk) Seljuks(Turk) Eldiguzids(Turk) Khwarezmids(Turk) Chingissids(Mongol) Ilkhanids(Mongol) Muzaffarids(Arab) Timurids(Turk) Karakoyunlu(Turk) Akkoyunlu(Turk) Safavids(Turk) Afsharids(Turk) Qajars(Turk)
    2
  2887. While its true that there was some controversy about the origin of the Huns, the consensus after recent decades is that they were Turks of Oghuric affiliation, mostly based on credible studies confirming that the vast majority of attested Hunnic names, as well as all Hunnic successor clans are of evident Oghur Turkic origin. All Hunnic tribes (entirely Oghur Turkic) : Akatziri, Onogurs, Utigurs, Sabirs, Bulgars, Saragurs, Kutrigurs, Barsils Recorded Hunnic names of Turkic origin : Aigan = moon prince; from Turkic aï & can Atakam = elder shaman; from Turkic ata & kam Balach = calf; from Turkic Malaq Berik = strong; from Turkic Berık Basik = governor; from Turkic Bârsiğ Bleda = wise; from Turkic Bildä Dengizich = ocean-like, heavenly; from Turkic teɲez & dêɲri; or, more simply, great lake Donat / Donatu = horse; from Turkic Yonat Edeco = good; from Turkic Ädgü Ellac = to rule; from Turkic el & lä  Emmedzur = horse lord; from Turkic Ämäcur Eskam / Esqam = companion of the shaman; from Turkic Eŝkam Hereka / Kreka = pure princess; from Turkic Arïqan Ernakh / Hernac = small man, heroic man; from Turkic Ernäk Karaton = black cloak; from Turkic Qarâton Kursik = either noble; from Turkic Kürsiğ; or belt-bearer, from Qurŝiq Mundzuk = bead; from Turkic Munčuq Oebarsius / Aybars = moon leopard, from Turkic Aïbârs; or dun leopard, from oy & bars Oldogan / Odolgan = either red falcon, from Turkic al & dogan; or chubby, from Tolgun Oktar / Uptar = brave; from Turkic Öctär Ruga / Rua = wise man; from Turkic Ögä Turgun = still/calm; from Turkic Turkun Uldin = six; from Turkic Alti
    2
  2888. Ivan Yordanov https://www.cambridge.org/tr/academic/subjects/history/european-history-1000-1450/cumans-and-tatars-oriental-military-pre-ottoman-balkans-11851365?format=AR&isbn=9780511110153 Asenids were Vlachized and Bulgarianized Cumans
    2
  2889. Ivan Yordanov Also Oxford source https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=mzwpq6bLHhMC&pg=PA522&lpg=PA522&dq=asenids+oxford&source=bl&ots=xddWY8VYUJ&sig=ACfU3U1vtxE57e8QEu8FnD2Va39BROCfXQ&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjZvYXohOjoAhUfwcQBHTbpBxAQ6AEwAHoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=asenids%20oxford&f=false
    2
  2890.  @kocayurekliadam2063  anlasana sırf türk dememek için böyle bir yalan ortaya atmış
    2
  2891. 🐦
    2
  2892. Again Koraes' careful rhetoric, which matches his self-projection, seems to be in play; his classifications of“Greek slavery under the Romans” and “Greek slavery under the Ottomans” are closely linked a few lines below: Modern Greeks could justifiably boast more than Plutarch's contemporaries, when freed from the yoke of the savage tyrant, compared to which the Roman yoke could rightly be considered a luxury, and after they gain their freedom, they are willing to maintain it...16 Xenophontos, S., 2019. Brill's companion to the reception of Plutarch. Leiden: Brill, p.551.
    2
  2893. Liao was Khitan not Sinitic
    2
  2894. Thx Cezayir
    2
  2895. Slavic peoples were mostly under the rule of Germanic and Turkic peoples in history
    2
  2896. Qing was Tungusic empire and rulers were Tungusic nationalists.
    2
  2897.  @stantorren4400  Khazars,Tulunids,Ikshidids...
    2
  2898.  @skullsforerlikkhansthrone9306  👍
    2
  2899. The Huns were a confederation of Eurasian tribes, especially Turkic ones, from the Steppes of Central Asia. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Hunnic_Empire Even the language spoken by the Huns is in dispute, though most experts believe they were of Turkish speech. https://www.britannica.com/place/the-Steppe/New-barbarian-incursions Azerbaijan open to raids by Turkic nomadic tribes from the north, including Khazars and Huns. https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/commonwealth-independent-states-and-baltic-nations/cis-and-baltic-political-geography-6#HISTORY The Huns have often been considered a Turkic people, and sometimes associated with the Xiongnu. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkic_migration#Origin_theories The Huns, a Turkic-speaking people, driven westward during the Han dynasty in China (206 bc–ad 220), created a nomadic empire in central Asia that extended into Europe, beginning about ad 370. It reached almost to Rome under the leadership of Attila (r.433?–453) and declined after his death. https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/asia/chinese-political-geography/mongolia#HISTORY They are thought to be a Turkic people descended from the Xiongnu tribes, who first appeared as a tribal confederation on the northern frontier of China in the late third century BC. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/hunnic-empire Turkic nomadic tribes from the north, including Khazars and Huns. https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/asia/iranian-political-geography/azerbaijan-iran Originally nomadic peoples from the steppes of Central Asia, Turkish tribes began moving west toward Europe around the first century a.d. In the middle of the 400s, the first group, known as the Huns, reached western Europe. https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/turkish-americans Shih Le was a Chieh, a Hsiung-nu tribe which seems to have spoken a Turkic language. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/shih-le In 104, 102, and 42 b.c.e. Chinese armies defeated the Turkic nomad Xiongnu alongside captive Roman soldiers in the former Greek kingdom of Sogdiana. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/globalization-asia Khazars are also called Turks and Huns. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/asia-and-africa/central-asian-history/khazars https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/khazars In the opinion of other scholars it was earlier Turkic-language groups that took part in the formation of the Karachay ethnic group: Hunns, Bulgars, and Khazars. who were living in the northern Caucasus in the ninth to twelfth centuries. https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/africa/swaziland-political-geography/karachays https://www.everyculture.com/Russia-Eurasia-China/Karachays-History-and-Cultural-Relations.html Huns known as the. Turks. http://crossasia-repository.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/3333/1/Modi_History%20of%20the%20Huns.pdf The Huns, a Turkic-speaking people https://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Asia-and-Oceania/Mongolia-HISTORY.html
    2
  2900. Albania got ruled by foreign peoples in most of its existence from Romans to Ottomans.
    2
  2901. You again🤓
    2
  2902.  @Bolghar_wolf  only bulgarian nationalists believing this nonsense🤣🤣
    2
  2903. 🤓🍼
    2
  2904. Mansa Musa
    2
  2905. Genghis Khan: Let’s find some crowded lands😬
    2
  2906. Tulunids was independent state
    2
  2907.  @aburoach9268  source: trustmebro😂
    2
  2908. ⁠ @aburoach9268  Very poorly?😂 Turks literally played a MAJOR ROLE during Mongol Invasions. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
    2
  2909. After his capture by the Bulgarians, the fate of Emperor Baldwin I was unknown to his subjects and, during his absence, Henry, his brother, assumed regency. Whilst it is known that Baldwin died in captivity, the precise circumstances around his death are unknown. He was apparently initially treated as a valuable prisoner, but was later left to die in one of the towers of Tsarevets, where he was being held. There are many legends regarding his demise, with the most famous being that his demise was due to trying to seduce Kaloyan's wife. The historian George Acropolites reports that the Tsar had Baldwin's skull made into a drinking cup, just as had happened to Nicephorus I almost four hundred years before, yet no evidence has been found to confirm this, unlike the case with Nicephorus I. What is known with certainty, however, is that Kaloyan informed both Pope Innocent III and Baldwin's court of the Emperor's death in prison. A tower of the Tsarevets fortress of the medieval Bulgarian capital, Veliko Tarnovo, is still called Baldwin's Tower.
    2
  2910. Kürt ancak kürtleşmiş arap revvadi aşiretinden bu konuda en ciddi çalışmayı yapmış olan Ramazan Şeşen Hoca böyle der,Türkiye’de eyyubileri en iyi bilen adam
    2
  2911. Northern Wei Tuoba Turks
    2
  2912.  @dilnuratoleutaeva4674  are you Uzbek?
    2
  2913.  @dilnuratoleutaeva4674  from which tribe and sub-tribe
    2
  2914. Happy Slavic noises Sad Germanic and Turkic noises
    2
  2915. 17:08 🌝
    2
  2916. According to who many african countries hate turkey???
    2
  2917. In the classical Persian literary tradition – the entire vocabulary of which consists of stock phrases and images - "Turk' and 'Tajik' are stand-in terms for easily recognizable social stereotypes: one simple but violent; the other wily but civilized. Rūmi turns this on its head, however, in the following couplet: Attack upon attack came the darkness of night/Be strong like a Turk, not soft like a Tajik' (Yek hamleh va yek hamleh, āmad shab va tārīkī/chosti kon va "Torki' kon, na narmī va ‘Tājīkī'). Often ‘Turk' was also used to refer to the poet's beautiful young (unattainable) beloved, as in the following lines from Sa'di: 'Maybe they'll tell the King/"Your Turk (i.e., your Beloved) has spilled Tajik blood" (Shayad ke be padshah begüyand/Tork-e tö berikht khūn-e Tājīk), or elsewhere, 'Show your Tajik face, not Abyssinian black/That the Heavens may obliterate the face of the Turks' (Ru-ye Tājīkāna-t benmā, tā dagh-e habash/ Asman chehre-ye Torkān yaghma'i keshad). Since Turkic men often ‘married up’ and started families with Tajik women, the bloodlines tended to become increasingly mixed over the generations. (Recent DNA studies in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan have shown no notable genetic difference between modern Uzbeks and Tajiks.) And since children typically spent their first years within the harem, the influence of Tajik mothers in constructing the identity of their mixed-race children was surely much greater than is admitted in the patriarchal written sources of the time. Military figures in particular often made much of their tough Turkic heritage, even as they sought to demonstrate their own cultivation by speaking Persian and patronizing Persian courtly culture. The Tajik scribes, for their part, were naturally required to flatter their patrons, but they flattered themselves as well in whatever subtle ways they could. — Richard Foltz, Chapter 4, Tajiks and Turks, The Turk–Tajik symbiosis
    2
  2918. 🤔
    2
  2919. Bi sorsana bunlardan alabiliyormusunuz diye fiyatlar uçmuş canın magnum çekse 8 tl
    2
  2920.  @e.a9751  :(
    2
  2921. The rulers of Russia were all Nordic origin Viking Ruriks and Danish Romanovs🤣🤣🤣 but slavic kids talking about defeating turks or other something😅😅
    2
  2922.  @mr_kron3343  How idiot are you kid ? All Ottomans Sultans were Turkic origin but not even single ruler of Russia was Slavic🤣🤣 Even Turks like Boris Godunov and Fyodor II ruled Russia🤣🤣
    2
  2923.  @mr_kron3343  Osman I was %100 Turkic but Rurik and Michael I were %100 not Slavic🤣🤣🤣 you have no history
    2
  2924. The Achaemenids and Sassanids got destroyed by a Hellenic and Arabic tribe respectively Parthians had their capital countless times sacked by Romans and post Islamic Persia was basically a playground for Arabs, Turks, and Mongols as we all know
    2
  2925. USA moment
    2
  2926. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
    2
  2927. Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
    2
  2928. Turkic Guy Tamerlane according to all expert scholars. Pls don’t tell pseudo history
    2
  2929. Albanians are not Illyrians
    2
  2930. Weishu, vol. 103 txt: "高車，[...] 其語略與匈奴同而時有小異，或云其先匈奴之甥也", tr: "The Gaoju, [...] their language and the Xiongnu's are similar though differ a little; or to say it differently, they are the sororal nephews/sons-in-laws of the Xiongnu” According to the Book of Wei, the Yuebans' language and customs were the same as the Gaoche, who were Turkic speakers. Yuebans(Weak Xiongnu) cut their hair and trimmed their ghee-smeared, sun-dried, glossy eyebrows evenly, and washed before meals three times everyday. Weishu, Vol. 102 "其風俗言語與高車同，而其人清潔於胡。俗剪髮齊眉，以醍醐塗之，昱昱然光澤，日三澡漱，然後飲食。"
    2
  2931. 5:18 all Delhi dynasties were Turkic except Lodi, none of them is Mongol.
    2
  2932. Ayla
    2
  2933. They are literal made uo ethnicity
    2
  2934. In a short : When the Winged Hussars arrived !
    2
  2935. Enes Batur :())
    2
  2936. Nice there is no kurdogistan i can’t find in the map😂😂😂😂
    2
  2937. Oshin 1997 😂😂😂😂😂 Shah İsmail called himself Turk he didn’t speak kurd he never said i am a kurd he made Turkish official language(army and palace) He written Turkish poems Sheyk Haydar spoken Turkish too
    2
  2938.  @g-toons7038  according tho who idiot kid🤣🤣🤣 “Previous genetic studies have generally used Turks as representatives of ancient Anatoliana. Our results show that Turks are genetically shifted towards Central Asians, a pattern consistent with a history of mixture with populations from this region. These diversity patterns observed in the PCA motivated formal testing of admixture in Armenians and other regional populations.” https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2015/02/18/015396.full.pdf “In addition, although some degree of genetic continuity could be expected in Anatolia (i.e. in modern Turks), it should be noted that modern Turks are a hybrid population, comprising of the original Anatolian stock, Turkic people (i.e. of Central Asian ancestry). This is surely reflected in the modern Turkish Y-DNA” https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179474 Moreover, results pointed out that language in Anatolia might not have been replaced by the elites, but by a large group of people. Therefore, it can be concluded that the observations do not support the elite dominance model of Renfrew (1987 ; 1991). http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607764/index.pdf The weight for the migration event predicted to originate from the branch ancestral to East Asia into current-day Turkey was 0.217 (21.7%). Although this implies a major population event from the East to West Asia, we note that these weights are not direct estimates of the migration rates. First, the original contributing populations to the ancestral population in Turkey are not known. For instance, we do not know the exact genetic relationship between current-day East Asian populations and the Turkic speakers from Central Asia who migrated into Anatolia about 1,000 years before present. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4236450/ (Note:%21.7 doesn’t mean %21.7 Turk) https://abload.de/img/untitled-1b3k6r.png https://media.discordapp.net/attachments/747058885797347388/747081098621616188/74270248_151753982884837_667409747107905536_n.png https://media.discordapp.net/attachments/746376025944096778/784377847082647582/unknown.png DNA from a 2,000-year-old burial site in Mongolia has revealed new information about the Xiongnu, a nomadic tribe that once reigned in Central Asia. Researchers in France studied DNA from more than 62 skeletons to reconstruct the history and social organization of a long-forgotten culture. Skeletons from the most recent graves also contained DNA sequences similar to those in people from present-day Turkey. This supports other studies indicating that Turkish tribes originated at least in part in Mongolia at the end of the Xiongnu period. http://www.genomenewsnetwork.org/articles/07_03/ancient.shtml The people of modern-day Iran and Turkey trace their genetic heritage to the ancient Persians and the Turkic ethnic people, respectively. https://www.myheritage.com.tr/ethnicities/broadly-west-asian/ethnicity-worldwide-distribution Historically, the racial classification of the Turkic peoples was sometimes given as "Turanid". Turanid racial type or "minor race", subtype of the Europid (Caucasian) race with Mongoloid admixtures, situated at the boundary of the distribution of the Mongoloid and Europid "great races".[53][54] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caucasian_race https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/G25_PCA_East_Mediterranean.png_-_Anatolia_and_the_surrounding.png Some malevolent people or people who do not know enough about the subject try to exaggerate the rate of Turks and Armenians in Anatolia. For example, it is possible to encounter people who claim that approximately 50% of Anatolian Turks are of Greek or Armenian origin. However, when the Ottoman Tahrir registers belonging to the years 1520-1530 are examined, it is concretely revealed that even 93% of the Anatolian people belonged to Turkmen tribes and communities. The non-Muslim population ratio of approximately 10% has remained at the same rates in the last periods of the Ottoman Empire. In some parts of Anatolia, with the effect of Islamization, a small number of indigenous people, who were Muslims, were dissolved in the Turks. Moreover relocation and exchange with the separated Greeks and Armenians from Turkey Turkey genetic structure is completely different from the Turks. Although there was a partial change in the demographic structure of eastern Anatolia with the settlement of Kurds in Eastern Anatolia in the 16th century, it was easier for Muslim Turks and Kurds to merge in that region. Since the 19th century, a significant portion of non-Muslim immigration that took place in Turkey Turks (Caucasus and Balkan Turks) reccommended. These also partially affected the existing population and genetic structure. As a result, his "ethnic Turks", "Turkmen" or "nomads" as a defining Turkey Turkey genetically Central Asians (Turkmenistan) seems to be quite close to the Turkmens. Turkey is quite obvious they resemble each other in the middle compared the genetic structure of Turkish and Turkmen. Turks and Turkmens belong to the Oghuzs in the historical process and show similarities with each other, both in terms of language, culture or ethnicity. you maintain genetic and historical research, Turkey shows that the Turkmen origin, in other words, the Turkish Anatolian Turks. http://www.haplogruplar.com/turkiye-turklerinin-orta-asyali-turkmenlerle-genetik-akrabaligi/
    2
  2939.  @g-toons7038  Turkish is %87 Turkic by vocabulary
    2
  2940. 🇹🇷
    2
  2941. Most of rulers were not even greeks too🤣 but Romans of Armenian and Illyrian origin
    2
  2942. The ancestors of the Indo-Turkic people migrated to South Asia at the time of the Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire. The Delhi Sultanate is a term used to cover five short-lived, Delhi-based kingdoms three of which were of Turkic origin in medieval India. These Turkic dynasties were the White Huns, Ghaznavids, Delhi Sultanate, Mamluk dynasty (Delhi), Khalji dynasty, Tughlaq dynasty, Bengal Sultanate, Adil Shahi dynasty, Bidar Sultanate, Qutb Shahi dynasty, Timurids, Deccan sultanates, Mughal Empire, Oudh State, Nawabs of Bengal and Murshidabad, Hyderabad State, Khanate of Kalat, Makran (princely state), Banganapalle State, Amb (princely state), Chitral (princely state), Phulra, Hunza (princely state), Nagar (princely state), Carnatic Sultanate. Southern India also saw many Turkic origin dynasties like the Bahmani Sultanate, the Adil Shahi dynasty, the Bidar Sultanate, and the Qutb Shahi dynasty, collectively known as the Deccan sultanates. The Mughal Empire was a Turkic-founded Indian empire that, at its greatest territorial extent, ruled most of the South Asia, including Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh and parts of Uzbekistan from the early 16th to the early 18th centuries. The Mughal dynasty was founded by a Chagatai Turkic prince named Babur (reigned 1526–30), who was descended from the Turkic conqueror Timur (Tamerlane) on his father's side and from Chagatai, second son of the Mongol ruler Genghis Khan, on his mother's side.Mughals who have Turkic ancestry live in the Indian subcontinent in significant numbers. Karlugh Turks are also found in the Haraza region and in smaller number in Azad Kashmir region of Pakistan. Small number of Uyghurs are also present in India. Many Turks also live in Hyderabad known as Deccani Muslims they have Arab, Afghan, Persian, and Turkic ancestries in addition to having the local dravidian heritage. There is also a significant population an Warriors Status used by Turkic descendants known as Rowther, who are mostly found in Southern India.[1]
    2
  2943. Yore History Wasn’t Dahae Sycthian Confederation?
    2
  2944. Turkey🤣🤣
    2
  2945.  @theegyptianpharaonicking3849  Do you know that Turks calling your country as Corn (Mısır) 😅
    2
  2946. Athenian Kingdom not Empire
    2
  2947. Cap
    2
  2948. 😬
    2
  2949.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  The official name was “Imperium Romanum” never byzantine or byzantium. Ottoman one was “Devleti Aliyye Osmaniyye”.
    2
  2950. The Achaemenids and Sassanids got destroyed by a Hellenic and Arabic tribe respectively Parthians had their capital countless times sacked by Romans and post Islamic Persia was basically a playground for Arabs, Turks, and Mongols as we all know
    2
  2951. Hellenic history is very weak history
    2
  2952. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
    2
  2953. Turks > Mongols + Crusaders
    2
  2954. Dickipedia
    2
  2955.  @انوشقزوینی  cap
    2
  2956. In contrast to those Iranian officials who claim that the Turks in Iran were actually originally Persians, the late IRGC Commander Qassem Suleimani claimed that the descendants of Turkic dynasties that live in Iran are not Iranian. Suleimani claimed: "Turks are aliens and non-Iranians. For hundreds of years (during Turkic rule in Iran), Iran had no history. Non- Iranians like the Seljuks invaded and ruled Iran."74 Shaffer, B. (2023) Iran is more than persia: Ethnic politics in Iran. Berlin: De Gruyter.
    2
  2957. The arrival of the Turks in the Muslim world pushed Muslim power further into India. Of particular note is Mahmud of Ghazni (r. 997-1030), a Turkic sultan who was the first to lead military expeditions deep into India. By establishing himself as the leader of an autonomous state based in Ghazni in the Afghan highlands, he was close enough to India to focus much of his attention on the subcontinent. His seventeen military campaigns into northern India served as the basis of his rule, bringing wealth and power to him and his empire. While his raids were no doubt detrimental to local power and rule in India, he also established major cultural centers and helped spread Persian culture throughout his reign. The legendary Persian poet Firdawsi, who perhaps did more to revive ancient Persian culture than any other person after the country's conversion to Islam, and al-Biruni, a scientist, historian, geologist and physicist, were both mainstays of Mahmud's court. Because of his status as a patron of the arts coupled with his ruthless raids into India, Mahmud of Ghazni's legacy in India today is colored by modern politics as much as anyone else. Regardless of his legacy, Mahmud and the Ghaznavid Dynasty he founded laid the foundation for Muslim conquest in India. The succeeding dynasty, the Ghurids, also ruled out of Afghanistan, and managed to push their borders even further into India, capturing Delhi in 1192. The Ghurids relied on slave soldiers of Turkic origin who formed the core of their army, much like the contemporary Ayyubids further west in the Muslim world. Like their counterparts in Egypt, who established the Mamluk Sultanate, the slave soldiers in India eventually overthrew their masters and inaugurated their own dynasty: the Delhi Sultanate.
    2
  2958. The Byzantine ruling elite faced the outside world and its unending dangers with a strategic advantage that was neither diplomatic nor military but instead psychological: the powerful moral reassurance of a triple identity that was more intensely Christian than most modern minds can easily imagine, and specifically Chalcedonian in doctrine: Hellenic in its culture, joyously possessing pagan Homer, agnostic Thucydides, and ir reverent poets-though Hellene was a word long avoided, for it meant pagan; and proudly Roman as the Romaioi, the living Romans, not without justification for Roman institutions long endured, at least symbolically. But until the Muslim conquest took away the Levant and Egypt from the empire, this triple identity was also a source of local disaffection from the ruling Constantinopolitan elite, for of the three only the Roman identity was universally accepted. To begin with, the speakers of Western Aramaic and Coptic, who accounted for most of the population of Syria and Egypt, including the Jews in their land and beyond it, did not partake in the Hellenic cul ture-except for their own secular elites, which were organically part of the Byzantine regime and were indeed often attacked by nativists as "Hellenizers." For the rest, the masses either did not know that Homer ever lived, or were easily led by unlettered fanatical priests to vehe mently hate what they were too ignorant to enjoy. Moreover, the zone that rejected Hellenism, as it had rejected the Roman habit of bathing as too sensual, also rejected the excessively intel lectual Chalcedonian definition of the dual nature of Christ, both human and divine, insisting on the more purely monotheistic conception of the single, divine nature of Christ. Luttwak, E., 2011. Grand strategy of the byzantine empire. Cambridge: Belknap Harvard, p.410 In about 1440 John Argyropoulos wrote of the struggle for the freedom of ' Hellas ' in a letter addressed to John VIII as 'Emperor of Hellas'. We have come a long way from the days when the ambassador Liudprand of Cremona was thought unfit to be received at the Court because his credentials were addressed to the 'Emperor of the Greeks'. But 'Graeci' was never an acceptable term. George Scholarius, the future Patriarch Gennadius, who was to be the link between the old Byzantine world and the world of the Turcocratia, often uses 'Hellene' to mean anyone of Greek blood. But he had doubts about its propriety; he still retained the older view. When he was asked his specific opinion about his race, he wrote in reply: "Though I am a Hellene by birth, yet I would never say that I was a Hellene. For I do not believe as the Hellenes believed. I should like to take my name from my faith and, if anyone asked me what I am, to reply "a Christian". Though my father dwelt in Thessaly,' he adds, 'I do not call myself a Thessalian, but a Byzantine. For I am of Byzantium.' It is to be remarked that though he repudiates the name of Hellene he calls the Imperial City not New Rome or Constantinople, but by its old Hellenic name. Runciman, S. (1970). IMPERIAL DECLINE AND HELLENIC REVIVAL. In The Last Byzantine Renaissance (The Wiles Lectures, pp. 1-23). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. In contradistinction to a Julian, an Alexander Severus, a Marcus Aurelius and even a Hadrian, who felt themselves more Greek than Latin, Justinian wished to be a Latin Roman Emperor. He was confirmed in these feelings by his horror of Hellen ism. A Roman Emperor, Justinian was also a Christian Emperor. He considered himself the pillar of the Christian orthodox faith. The Hellenic spirit is profoundly pagan and Justinian abominated it. For him, as for his contem poraries and successors, Hellene was synonymous with pagan and to call anyone by this term was to insult him. The Greek peoples themselves assumed the name Pauaio (Romans). Even to-day Romios is still used by the common people. Hellene is an artificial term revived in the nineteenth century. The capital of the Empire is called Roum by the Arab and Turkish peoples of Asia. Lot, F., 2013. End of the Ancient World. Routledge. Many diverse peoples and languages coexisted within the Byzantine empire (Laiou and Maguire (eds.) 1992), and although Greek was the language of government and high culture and the terms 'Hellene' and even 'Greek' were sometimes applied to themselves by educated members of the elite in Constantinople from the Comnenian period onwards (Stouraitis 2014), Byzantium was not a Greek empire and Greek was never the only language spoken. Nevertheless the Byzantines' sense of themselves rested on a shared mythology of universalism and superiority. Linehan, P., Nelson, J. and Costambeys, M., n.d. The medieval world. Characteristics of the Byzantine Empire After its capital was established in the east, the empire became, in scholarly parlance, the Eastern Roman Empire. Furthermore, because Constantine and all of his successors (except Julian the Apostate, 361 63) were Christians, the empire from here on can also be called the Christian Roman Empire. As a consequence of these two changes the Roman Empire had become the Byzantine. However, though used by scholars, none of these three names was used at the time. Though the empire had its center in a Greek cultural and linguistic area, as a result of which there followed a gradual hellenization of its institutions and culture, the emperors recognized no change. The empire remained the Roman Empire and the citizens (even though Greeks came to domi nate it) still called themselves Romans. The term Hellene (Greek) connoted a pagan. The term Byzantine was an invention of Renais sance scholars after the fall of the Byzantine Empire and was never used by its contemporaries. By the middle of the seventh century Greek had become the official language of all spheres of government and the army; nevertheless the empire remained "Roman" and despite divisions of its territory at times it was always seen as a single unit. Essentially the Byzantine Empire was a combination of three major cultural components: (1) Roman in political concepts, administration. law, and military organization. (2) Greek in language and culture, and (3) Christian in religion. Fine, J., 1991. The early medieval Balkans. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, p.16.
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  2959. :0
    2
  2960. Vay karaktersizler vay bu gwat size iki para verdi diyr vatanınızı sattınız ha? Sünnetsiz Rumları bu kadar seviyordunuz demek :) Ulan Türkiye olmasa siz AÇSINIZ AÇ her şeyinizi biz karşılıyoruz utanın be.
    2
  2961.  @Letnistonwandif  THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot."
    2
  2962. Thx
    2
  2963. Karaboğa argument😂
    2
  2964. Undoubtedly Habsburg Monarchy
    2
  2965. Ottomans wasn’t a colonial empire.
    2
  2966. Turkic Guy Tamerlane Once again the invasion came from central Asia; this time it was Tamerlane, a Barlas Turk, who set up a new empire with Samarqand as his capital. Tamerlane is perhaps the greatest conqueror Asia has ever produced. The name Tamerlane, by which he is known to Europe, is derived from his nickname Timur-i-Lang or c The Lame Timur', for he was wounded in the foot in a minor encounter in Afghanistan. He was born in 13 3 5, the son of a chief of a Turkish tribe. Elgood, C. (2010). The Empire of Tamerlane. In A Medical History of Persia and the Eastern Caliphate: From the Earliest Times Until the Year A.D. 1932 (Cambridge Library Collection - History of Medicine, pp. 324-347). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511710766.013 He was a Turk of the Barlas tribe; this tribe, like many others, boasted a Mongol name and ancestry, but for all prac- tical purposes it was Turkic. Turki was thus Timur’s mother tongue, although he may have known some Persian from the cultural milieu in which he lived; he almost certainly knew no Mongolian, though Mongol terminology had not quite disappeared from administrative documents and coins. Soucek, S. (2000). Timur and the Timurids. In A History of Inner Asia (pp. 123-143). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511991523.011 The Timurid dynasty was founded in 1370 by the Turkic warlord Temür, usually known in the west as Tamerlane (Temür the lame). Temür and his followers were Turks loyal to the Mongol tradition, but they were also Muslim and well acquainted with Perso-Islamic culture. Forbes Manz, B. (2018, April 26). Tamerlane and the Timurids. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History. Tamerlane (Timur-i Lang, Timur the Lame) (1336–1405) Outstanding political and military tactician; rallied tribal support in the region east of the Ferghana Valley, and established a Turkic dynasty based on Samarkand 2010). Tamerlane. In The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages. : Oxford University Press. Eastern Turkic Timurids and the Western Turkic Oghuz of the Ottoman Empire actually dated to the earliest days Schluessel, Eric T. 2016. The Muslim Emperor of China: Everyday Politics in Colonial Xinjiang, 1877-1933. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences. Though not Mongol himself, Timur himself had sought to enhance the legitimacy of his rule by assuming the mantle of the line of Chaghatai Khan, with whom he claimed kinship. He had adopted the title of Gurkan (son-in-law) in reference to his marriage to Tukul Khanum, whose father was directly related to Chaghatai Khan and additionally installed a puppet king from the Chaghatid clan on the throne. Quite appropriately therefore Babur, Humayun and Akbar saw themselves first and foremost as princes of the great house of Timur (1336 - 1405), who had conquered vast tracts of territory in Central Asia and even sacked Delhi in 1398. Additionally they traced their ancestry even further back to the Mongol warrior Chenggiz Khan (1167 - 1227), who had upon his death, divided his vast Mongol empire among his four sons, a crucial event later illustrated by Akbar's artists. Mughalistan (including the western Tarim Basin and Kashgar) and Transoxania were bestowed upon his second son Chaghatai Khan (d. 1242). When these two wings of dominion were split up late in the thirteenth century, Transoxania in the west became the scene of mass conversion to Islam and a great deal of intermarriage with Turkic tribes people before it eventually fell to Timur, a Barlas Turk. Timur's descendants had ruled Transoxania until they succumbed to the forces of the Shaibanid Turks in 1508- 9. The remaining descendants of the surviving Timurids - the Chaghataid Turks, still survived in certain parts of Central Asia ( especially Ferghana), nurturing a festering ego ever since their dynasty had fallen into near oblivion. Timurid central Asia and Mughal India : some correlations regarding urban design concepts and the typology of the Muslim house Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1995. "Belonging to a minor military family, and of Turkish origin, Timur was born in Transoxiana (present-day Uzbekistan) in the fourteenth century. He rose to prominence in the service of the local Mongol ruler, claimed to be descended from Chingiz-Khan, and defeated all competitors." Massoume Price (2005). Iran's Diverse Peoples: A Reference Sourcebook. ABC-CLIO. p. 56. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2001–2005. "Tamerlane, c.1336–1405, Turkic conqueror, b. Kesh, near Samarkand. He is also called Timur Leng (Faisal R.). Gérard Chaliand, Nomadic Empires: From Mongolia to the Danube translated by A.M. Berrett, Transaction Publishers, 2004. translated by A.M. Berrett. Transaction Publishers, p.75. ISBN 0-7658-0204-X. Limited preview at Google Books. p. 75., ISBN 0-7658-0204-X, p.75., "Timur Leng (Tamerlane) Timur, known as the lame (1336–1405) was a Muslim Turk. He aspired to recreate the empire of his ancestors. He was a military genius who loved to play chess in his spare time to improve his military tactics and skill. And although he wielded absolute power, he never called himself more than an emir.", "Timur Leng (Tamerlane) Timur, known as the lame (1336–1405) was a Muslim Turk from the Ulus of Chagatai who saw himself as Genghis Khan's heir."
    2
  2967. Albanians and Illyrians are different peoples ofc
    2
  2968. Ali Kurdish Wolff Yes but maybe kurdicized arab or kurdicized turk even yemen members of ayyubids said that we are not kurds but we intermarried with kurds
    2
  2969. Ali Kurdish Wolff I don’t said that saladin was not kurdish i said maybe :)))
    2
  2970.  @kurdishmountainlion2516  pankurds are very funny🤣
    2
  2971. 😭
    2
  2972. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
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  2973. We pumped their women 🤣🤣🤣
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  2974. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
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  2975. Interesting topic and very long video :-0
    2
  2976.  @getthatupya208  therefore Roman Empire
    2
  2977.  @ΡωμαϊκόνΠύρ  It is true that Rums like Pontics, Urums and Cappadocians are not Hellenic by origin but Rum origin
    2
  2978.  @theanglo-lithuanian1768  Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire. How about Baltic peoples?😂 They didn’t even influence history LOL
    2
  2979. Khalakhaljid Sands was a battle between Genghis Khan, then known as Temüjin, and the forces of Toghrul, khan of the Kereit. The Kereit elites, deeply suspicious of Temüjin's diplomatic overtures to Toghrul, had convinced their leader to turn on his vassal. Warned by two herdsmen, Temüjin had escaped a planned ambush, but was pursued by a larger force. His Mongol allies came to his aid at the Khalakhaljid Sands, but they were comprehensively defeated. Following the battle, in which Temüjin's 17-year-old son Ögedei was severely wounded, Temüjin swore the Baljuna Covenant with his companions.
    2
  2980. The steel-colored brightness of [his] eyes shines out of the warrior-like, sunburned brown of [his] face with an uncanny, captivating power. Eyes, within which the supple power and the ruthless will of self-assertion of the Turanian grey wolf twin- kles." Be it Aryan, Turanian, or even Mongolian, or, again perhaps obviously, Prussian-when, in the narratives, Atatürk meets the Kai- ser, Hindenburg, and Ludendorff in 1917-what his appearance and actions reaffirmed was the awakening and the "triumph of race." Schopen concluded: He is nothing less than the incarnation of all warrior-like na- tions. The Turk is, in his moral qualities, one of the best sol- diers of the world. For him the victorious military Führer stands above everything else. And Mustafa Kemal, mathematician and carrier of soldier blood from his father's line, was a genius of the strategic idea."7 For most of these texts, Atatürk was the ultimate warrior-"battle was his nature."+ Froembgen described him as "a thunderstorm turned man." Melzig said in his Atatürk biography: "In him a he- roic spirit rose to the light from the depth of thousands of years." Froembgen also stressed, "He is a soldier the like of which seldom comes along." Atatürk's prowess in battle was stressed time and again: "The soldiers hesitated to throw themselves into the rain of death. Mustafa Kemal knows, here no order will be enough, here one needs to be a role model, to be a Führer."52 The Führer as a role model for everybody-in battle, for the Turkish farmer with his model farm, but also for the ordinary Turk, when it comes to demeanor, dress, and indeed everything-was a constant theme of these texts.53 Descriptions of Atatürk's aura elevated him to messianistic levels. With his deeds at Gallipoli during World War I, Atatürk emerges in these narratives not only as the imminent savior of Constantino- ple but as a transcendental "savior." Indeed, the formula "savior and Führer" was frequently put forward by some texts. Some stressed that one could feel a special aura, "a magic circle," in his presence he was "the chosen one."
    2
  2981. Turk❤️❤️❤️🥰🥰🥰😍😍😍
    2
  2982. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, shaping the history of Balkans, Islamization of Northern India, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
    2
  2983. "History of the Suí dinasty", chapter 84: The superiority of the Göktürks is in their cavalry and archers. When they are in a winning position, they advance with fury; but when danger comes, they withdraw with the speed of the wind, and disappear like lightning, without preserving order. Bows and arrows serve them as claws and fangs. Helmet and cuirass are their usual attire. Their detachments do not go in order, their camps do not stand still. They stop wherever they find grass and water; rams and horses provide food for their army. If they win, they stop and seek the wealth of the enemy; if they are defeated, they withdraw without any shame. They do not burden themselves with night duty, nor do they keep watch during the day; they do not waste their strength in building fortifications, or in storing provisions. But when Chinese soldiers go to war, they [Göktürks] behave very differently. If the Chinese enter the battle with the Göktürks, they [Chinese] rarely win. If we begin to imitate them now, if we adapt to their means, they will not be able to overcome us, and they will not attack us again. – Emperor Yang of Suí [Documents historiques sur les Tou-kioue (Turcs), extraits du Pien-i-Tien et traduits du chinois par Stanislas Julien (1797-1873) - Journal Asiatique, série 6, tome 4, juillet-décembre 1864. Pages 200-241, 391 sqq, 453-476. - p.104-105]
    2
  2984. 1-Genghis Khan 2-Timur 3-Alexander the Great
    2
  2985. Aleksandras Salenga Halil Kut Pasha did your ancestors in Siege of Kut😂😂😂
    2
  2986. Aleksandras Salenga We Turks sent you hell in battle of gallipoli😂😂😂🤣🤣🤣
    2
  2987. Nazgül de mi Kırgız?
    2
  2988. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, shaping the history of Balkans, Islamization of Northern India, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
    2
  2989. Like Sri Lanka at roughly the same time in history , the political organization of this Seljuk empire was feudal and dynastic , not ethnic . The Seljuks used the name Kurdistan to refer to one of their sanjaks , or provinces , extending from Kermanshah to Sinjar , rather than to an ethnic or racial group or region. Unfortunately for the Kurds , Kurdistan became a main battleground between the Seljuk Turks and the Byzantine Empire . Yet thiss crisis also produced the Kurds ' greatest son , Salah - ed - Din ( or Saladin ) , born in 1137 at Tikrit . Being the Muslim leader who recaptured Jerusalem from the Crusaders , he did not accentuate his Kurdishness; Saladin was not himself a Kurdish tribal leader , as were many of his generals , and the armies he commanded were predominantly Turkish ” ( 67 ) . Eller, J., 2009. From culture to ethnicity to conflict. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, p.155.
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  2990.  @EzKurdim1  least racist kurd👽
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  2991. 🤨
    2
  2992. Ottomans❤❤❤
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  2993. Turkic Etruscans
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  2994. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
    2
  2995. Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
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  2996. CRINGE
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  2997. Nathan Carrier Yes,their blood is more vlach than cuman like Ottoman rulers bloods are more european than turkish but their paternal side was cuman
    2
  2998. Nathan Carrier Wallachia is Romanian Empire of Cuman origin
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  2999. Nathan Carrier Also Gagauz people in Romania and Moldovia had mixed with native population
    2
  3000. Ieronim-Dionis Dumitru https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/cumans-and-tatars/conclusion/2A984A2AF5EF3EFE23E0E5EB29911AFC
    2
  3001. Ieronim-Dionis Dumitru https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_of_Cuman_descent
    2
  3002. Khalaj people originated from Lake Baikal, spoke the most archaic Shaz Turkic language and even claimed descent from Khalij Khan, son of Noah just like Oghuz Khan. Mahmud al Kashgari thought they were Oghuz Turks due to linguistic similarity.
    2
  3003. 🇹🇷🇦🇿
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  3004.  @nenenindonu  Hızır Reis Türk olduğunu yazmasına rağmen zorla analnavut yapmaya çalışan var😐
    2
  3005.  @nenenindonu  kendi günlüğü var ama doğduğu yere mi bakıyorlar😂
    2
  3006. Xiongnu Dynasty ?
    2
  3007. York artık :0
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  3008. Least european lcker diasporan😂
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  3009. Hellenic states of the Seleucids, Macedonia, Achaean League, Aetolian League, Kingdom of Pergamon, Ptolemaics etc. all got destroyed by Roman Empire which resulted as ending of Hellenistic era and post Roman Greece was basically a playground for Romans, Turks, Slavs, Albanians, Thracians, Illyrians, Armenians, Italians and Germanic peoples as we all know Hellenic rule in Greece broadly ended with the Roman conquest of Greece resulting with a dominant Roman, Turkic, and Germanic rule whereas only 3 short lived Hellenic dynasties, Komnenids, Angelids and Laskarids, managed to rule Grece Foreign rule in Greece; Achaemenid dynasty (Iranic) Nerva–Antonine dynasty (Italic) Severan dynasty (Punic) Gordian dynasty (Celtic) Decian dynasty (Illyrian) Valerian dynasty (Italic) Caran dynasty (Illyrian) Constaninian dynasty (Illyrian) Valentinian dynasty (Illyrian) Theodosian dynasty (Hispanian) Leonid dynasty (Thracian) Justinian dynasty (Illyrian) Heraclian dynasty (Armenian) Isaurian dynasty (Armenian) Nikephorian dynasty (Arabic) Dulo dynasty (Turkic) Krum’s dynasty (Turkic) Amorian dynasty (Jewish) Macedonian dynasty (Armenian) Phokas dynasty (Armenian) Doukid dynasty (most likely Armenian) Diogenes dynasty (most likely Armenian) Principality of Arbanon (Albanian) Principality of Valona (Slavized Turkic) Duchy of the Archipelago (Italian) Kingdom of Cyprus (Germanic) Kingdom of Thessalonica (Germanic) Empire of Thessalonica (most likely Armenian) Latin Empire (Germanic) Asenid dynasty (Slavized Turkic) Duchy of Athens (French) Duchy of Neopatras (Spanish) Marquisate of Bodonitsa (Germanic) Lordship of Argos and Nauplia (Germanic) Lordship of Salona (Germanic) Lordship of Chios (Italian) Knights Hospitaller of Rhodes (Germanic) Principality of Achaea (French) Palaiologos dynasty (most likely Italic) Nemanjic dynasty (Slavic) Despotate of Arta (Albanian) Despotate of Ioannia (Albanian) League of Lezhe (Albanian) Vojivonic dynasty (Slavic) Venetian dominions in Greece (Italian) Principality of Lesbos (Italian) Kingdom of Candia (Italian) Kingdom of Ioanian Islands (Italian) Kingdom of the Morea (Italian) Triarchy of Negroponte (French) Ottoman dynasty (Turkic) Pashalik of Berat (Albanian) Pashalik of Yanina (Albanian) Pashalik of Scutari (Albanian) Septinsular Republic (Italian) House of Wittelsbach (Germanic) United States of the Ionian Islands (Germanic) Principality of Samos (Slavic)
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  3010.  @Ghanfort  Hellenic states of the Seleucids, Macedonia, Achaean League, Aetolian League, Kingdom of Pergamon, Ptolemaics etc. all got destroyed by Roman Empire which resulted as ending of Hellenistic era and post Roman Greece was basically a playground for Romans, Turks, Slavs, Albanians, Thracians, Illyrians, Armenians, Italians and Germanic peoples as we all know Hellenic rule in Greece broadly ended with the Roman conquest of Greece resulting with a dominant Roman, Turkic, and Germanic rule whereas only 3 short lived Hellenic dynasties, Komnenids, Angelids and Laskarids, managed to rule Grece Foreign rule in Greece; Achaemenid dynasty (Iranic) Nerva–Antonine dynasty (Italic) Severan dynasty (Punic) Gordian dynasty (Celtic) Decian dynasty (Illyrian) Valerian dynasty (Italic) Caran dynasty (Illyrian) Constaninian dynasty (Illyrian) Valentinian dynasty (Illyrian) Theodosian dynasty (Hispanian) Leonid dynasty (Thracian) Justinian dynasty (Illyrian) Heraclian dynasty (Armenian) Isaurian dynasty (Armenian) Nikephorian dynasty (Arabic) Dulo dynasty (Turkic) Krum’s dynasty (Turkic) Amorian dynasty (Jewish) Macedonian dynasty (Armenian) Phokas dynasty (Armenian) Doukid dynasty (most likely Armenian) Diogenes dynasty (most likely Armenian) Principality of Arbanon (Albanian) Principality of Valona (Slavized Turkic) Duchy of the Archipelago (Italian) Kingdom of Cyprus (Germanic) Kingdom of Thessalonica (Germanic) Empire of Thessalonica (most likely Armenian) Latin Empire (Germanic) Asenid dynasty (Slavized Turkic) Duchy of Athens (French) Duchy of Neopatras (Spanish) Marquisate of Bodonitsa (Germanic) Lordship of Argos and Nauplia (Germanic) Lordship of Salona (Germanic) Lordship of Chios (Italian) Knights Hospitaller of Rhodes (Germanic) Principality of Achaea (French) Palaiologos dynasty (most likely Italic) Nemanjic dynasty (Slavic) Despotate of Arta (Albanian) Despotate of Ioannia (Albanian) League of Lezhe (Albanian) Vojivonic dynasty (Slavic) Venetian dominions in Greece (Italian) Principality of Lesbos (Italian) Kingdom of Candia (Italian) Kingdom of Ioanian Islands (Italian) Kingdom of the Morea (Italian) Triarchy of Negroponte (French) Ottoman dynasty (Turkic) Pashalik of Berat (Albanian) Pashalik of Yanina (Albanian) Pashalik of Scutari (Albanian) Septinsular Republic (Italian) House of Wittelsbach (Germanic) United States of the Ionian Islands (Germanic) Principality of Samos (Slavic)
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  3011.  @Ghanfort  Turkic peoples like Bulgars and Cumans ruled and destroyed Greece before Ottoman Empire🤣 we always ruled over your ancestors
    2
  3012. India was joke at that time
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  3013. Not really
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  3014.  @stantorren4400  https://balkaniumblog.wordpress.com/2017/08/13/the-ethnic-backgrounds-of-byzantine-emperors/amp/ They were not greeks
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  3015. Turkic Bahri Empire😍
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  3016. 🐸
    2
  3017. Talkan zortcan mössöcrö brööö
    2
  3018. Comment section💀
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  3019. Omg nobody loved Turkey 😮
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  3020. Again Koraes' careful rhetoric, which matches his self-projection, seems to be in play; his classifications of“Greek slavery under the Romans” and “Greek slavery under the Ottomans” are closely linked a few lines below: Modern Greeks could justifiably boast more than Plutarch's contemporaries, when freed from the yoke of the savage tyrant, compared to which the Roman yoke could rightly be considered a luxury, and after they gain their freedom, they are willing to maintain it...16 Xenophontos, S., 2019. Brill's companion to the reception of Plutarch. Leiden: Brill, p.551.
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  3021. So Turkey hates Europe lol
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  3022.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  Mr. hhhhhhh
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  3023.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  Ottoman was way better
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  3024.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  and Byzantine got ruled by many peoples Illyrians,Thracians,Armenians and Greeks.But Ottomans only got ruled by Turks😎😎😎
    2
  3025.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  Cumans actually destroyed Pechenegs🤣🤣🤣
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  3026.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  Turkic Bulgars destroyed Romans many times Battle of Ongal,Pliska,Versinika etc.
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  3027.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  Turks ruled Europeans 1000 years😎😎😎
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  3028. China
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  3029. Jarabs were puppet of Europeans
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  3030. Bahri Empire🇹🇷😍
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  3031. Qizilbash Turks
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  3032. İyi mi kötü mü 🤨
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  3033. Angry Ottoman noises
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  3034. :/
    2
  3035. Safavid Turks
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  3036. Turkey
    2
  3037. :-0
    2
  3038. Turkey :)
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  3039. They look so cute :)
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  3040. @Vangelis Skia From this point of view, a large part of the 19 Cypriot historiography did not manage to achieve the substantial for the historian, to use a phrase by Eric Hobsbawm, overcoming of passions and political identities, 20⁰ identities that were of course created at the end or even after the Ottoman period. That is to say, that the national political identity of the Greek and the Turk, the national political ensembles of Greeks and Turks, realities of the post-Ottoman period in Cyprus are projected on the past of the 16th century. Thus, in 1571 Cyprus was conquered by the Ottomans and for the next three hundred and more years was a part of the Ottoman territory. The Greek Cypriot historiography uses for this transition and generally the entire Ottoman period the term Turkish rule a term that lends a national Turkish identity to Ottomans. A big part of traditional historiography refers to a Turkish state,²¹ mentioning a Turkish government, while correspondingly the conquered are included in another national identity, the Greek, which - and perhaps this is more important - at the time history is written, is in conflict with the Turkish. Already from the end of the 19th century, Greek Cypriot historiography states that during the Turkish rule "the spirit of the inhabitants fell to a pitiful point and poverty and misery and extreme ignorance, and depression of the national morale covered the island".23 The Orthodox on the island are defined by traditional historiography as a political group since "in the vizier's orders the participant in the defence of Famagusta Greek was a term that was generalised for all Greeks on the island". In relation to the population on the island the Turkish rule mentions that "after the occupation of Cyprus by the Turks the census that took place for tax pur poses revealed that the native Cypriot Greeks aged [...] in this population 20.000 30.000 Turks were added".25 It is also established that "the Turkish occupation brought to Cyprus many radical changes. The Turks supported the Greek population on the island in order not to give the opportunity to the peoples of Europe to be interested in the Cypriots […]”.26 And as it began with a national conflict that is how italso ends, since it is mentioned that “while the Turkish conquerors suppressed andpersecuted the Greeks on the island […]”.27 The existence therefore of a politicalnational group is considered given and every analysis of the Ottoman period func-tions in a way to bring to the forefront or reinforce the existence, even under difficultconditions, of such a group. This expressed the stereotyped view that the Cypriots“managed under the protection of the Church to maintain their religion, language,and national conscience as Greeks”.28 Even when relations are examined on differentlevels, even when they refer to the 17th century, these are characterised as relationsof the “Greeks and the Turks of Cyprus”.29 In the Turkish Cypriot historiography, the same perception is more or less fol-lowed; history is written under the same terms, the national terms but with one sub-stantial difference: The “Turks on the island” 30 are usually referred to as acomplimentary term of the word Ottomans and are placed on the side of the goodoften contrary to the “Greeks, Greek Cypriots” who are on the opposite side. Thesettlement of the “Turks”on the island is interpreted as something that broughtabout positive results for the entire island 31 and the local Ottoman administration isgenerally whitewashed. In short, Turkish Cypriot historiography also accepts theexistence of national groups. The Church of Cyprus expresses again the Greeks of Cyprus and its activities are mainly targeted against the Turks of Cyprus, 32 whilewithout hesitation the actions of the Prelates of 1600 in Cyprus are combined andidentified with the Akritas plan of the period after the independence. 33 The Prelatesare considered to express not only spiritually but also nationally the Orthodox of Cyprus while institutionally the Church of Cyprus is perceived as warring towardsthe local Turkish administration. 34 The Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot histo-riographies are identified when they project the present on the past, a past howeverthat is perceived and interpreted from a very different national point of view. Michael, M., Kappler, M. and Gavriel, E., 2009. Ottoman Cyprus: A Collection of Studies on History and Culture Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, pp.14,15.
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  3041. Yasar Genc Lazların 3500 yıllık tarihi olduğunu öğrendiğimde çok şaşırdım :D
    2
  3042. Hephthalites❤❤❤
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  3043. Sorbs of today
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  3044. bled trez⚫ 5 years ago we albanians are the most racist people of THE WORLD YOU idiot we are the the only white people with balls!
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  3045. There is no life here 😬
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  3046. Angry Turk noises😬
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  3047. 🤨
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  3048.  @arda213  çoğu kanal öyle aslında History Marche da genelde Osmanlı yenilgilerini yapıyor😅
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  3049. Ottoman took Vlad’s head😎😎😎
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  3050. 0:42 🇹🇷
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  3051. The noblest of these nations that were not interested in science are the Chinese and the Turks. The Chinese are the largest of the peoples by number, the most imposing by kingdom, and the most considerable by territory. The domains they occupy are in the eastern parts of the inhabited world, between the equinoctial line to the extreme of the seven climates to the north. His share in knowledge (ma'rifa) is to surpass all nations in mastery of handicrafts and perfection of graphic arts. They are the most suffered of men in the prolonged effort, which the improvement of the works [supposes], as well as in enduring the harshness of the penalties in the perfection of the arts (sana'i"). As for the Turks, [they] also form a great nation with numerous troops and an imposing kingdom. The domains they inhabit are found between the eastern regions of Juräsän, [on the side] of the Islamic empire, the western regions of China, northern India, and the extreme north of the inhabited world. Their virtue is that they stand out and achieve supremacy in doing war, as well as in the elaboration of weapons; for they are the most skilful of men in horsemanship and [warfare] tactics, and the keenest of eyes for spearing, striking with the sword, and shooting arrows. Ahmad, A.S. ibn and Salgado, M.F. (1999) Libro de las categorías de las naciones: Vislumbres desde el islam clásico sobre la filosofía y la ciencia. Tres cantos: Akal., p.43
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  3052. Anime Sumo Ninja Samurai Such an interesting country
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  3053. The dominant reference point in religious warfare in the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries was the Turk, and this chapter argues that ‘Turkishness’ was a multifaceted and changing identity. For many the essential enemy was the Ottoman Turks, whose aggression and brutality were widely disseminated. Their activities and plans were subjected to numerous prophetic and apocalyptic readings. Many contemporaries described their Christian opponents as Turks or ‘worse than Turks’, a practice that demonstrated both the potency of the Turkish image and the internal divisions which plagued the Christian world. For Erasmus and other moral reformers the Turk resided within each Christian, and Christian sinfulness was fully as fatal to the common defence of Europe as political rivalries. It was the achievement of Thomas More to synthesize these three images in a number of works that he wrote in the late 1520s and early 1530s. Housley, Norman, 'The Three Turks', Religious Warfare in Europe 1400-1536 (Oxford, 2008; online edn, Oxford Academic, 1 Jan. 2010),
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  3054.  @larshofler8298  The Gaoche are probably remnants of the ancient Red Di. Initially they had been called Dili. Northerners take them as Chile. Chinese take them as Gaoche Dingling. Their language, in brief, and Xiongnu [language] are the same yet occasionally there are small differences. Or one may say that they [Gaoche] are the junior relatives[18] of the Xiongnu in former times. The Gaoche migrate in search of grass and water. They dress in skins and eat meat. Their cattle and sheep are just like those of the Rouran, but the wheel of their carts are high and have very many spokes. — Weishu, 103 Weishu "vol. 103 section Gāochē" text: 高車，蓋古赤狄之餘種也，初號為狄歷，北方以為勑勒，諸夏以為高車、丁零。其語略與匈奴同而時有小異，或云其先匈奴之甥也。其種有狄氏、袁紇氏、斛律氏、解批氏、護骨氏、異奇斤氏。" transl. "Gaoche, probably remnant stocks of the ancient Red Di. Initially they had been called Dili, in the North they are considered Chile, the various Xia(i.e. Chinese) consider them Gaoche Dingling / Dingling with High-Carts. Their language and the Xiongnu's are similar though there are small differences. Or one may say they were sons-in-laws / sororal nephews of their Xiongnu predecessors. Their tribes are Di, Yuanhe, Hulu, Jiepi, Hugu, Yiqijin." The predecessors of Huihe were Xiongnu. Because, customarily, they ride high-wheeled carts. They were also called Gaoche during the Yuan Wei times, or also called Chile, mistakenly rendered as Tiele. — Xin Tangshu, 232 Weishu, vol. 103 txt: "高車，[...] 其語略與匈奴同而時有小異，或云其先匈奴之甥也", tr: "The Gaoju, [...] their language and the Xiongnu's are similar though differ a little; or to say it differently, they are the sororal nephews/sons-in-laws of the Xiongnu” According to the Book of Wei, the Yuebans' language and customs were the same as the Gaoche, who were Turkic speakers. Yuebans(Weak Xiongnu) cut their hair and trimmed their ghee-smeared, sun-dried, glossy eyebrows evenly, and washed before meals three times everyday. Weishu, Vol. 102 "其風俗言語與高車同，而其人清潔於胡。俗剪髮齊眉，以醍醐塗之，昱昱然光澤，日三澡漱，然後飲食。" Book of Wei. Vol. 102. "悅般國，在烏孫西北，去代一萬九百三十里。其先，匈奴北單于之部落也。" Tr. "Yueban State is to the northwest of Wusun, at a distant of 10,930 lĭ from Dai. It formerly [was] the Northern Xiongnu chanyu's tribe." Kyzlasov, L . R. (1 January 1996). "Northern Nomads". In Litvinsky, B. A. (ed.). History of Civilizations of Central Asia: The crossroads of civilizations, A.D. 250 to 750. UNESCO. pp. 310–320. ISBN 9231032119. Chinese sources link the Tiele people and Ashina to the Xiongnu, According to the Book of Zhou and the History of the Northern Dynasties, the Ashina clan was a component of the Xiongnu confederation. Linghu Defen et al., Book of Zhou, Vol. 50. (in Chinese) Li Yanshou (李延寿), History of the Northern Dynasties, Vol. 99. (in Chinese) Uyghur Khagans claimed descent from the Xiongnu (according to Chinese history Weishu, the founder of the Uyghur Khaganate was descended from a Xiongnu ruler). Peter B. Golden (1992). "Chapter VI – The Uyğur Qağante (742–840)". An Introduction to the History of the Turkic Peoples: Ethnogenesis and State-Formation in Medieval and Early Modern Eurasia and the Middle East. p. 155. ISBN 978-3-447-03274-2. Both the 7th-century Chinese History of the Northern Dynasties and the Book of Zhou, an inscription in the Sogdian language, report the Göktürks to be a subgroup of the Xiongnu. Craig Benjamin (2007, 49), In: Hyun Jin Kim, The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe. Cambridge University Press. 2013. page 176. History of Northern Dynasties, vol. 99 Book of Zhou, vol. 50 Tiele are originally Xiongnu's splinter stocks. As Tujue are strong and prosperous, all Tiele districts (郡) are divided and scattered, the masses gradually dwindled and weakened. Until the beginning of Wude [era], there have been Xueyantuo, Qibi, Huihe, Dubo, Guligan, Duolange, Pugu, Bayegu, Tongluo, Hun, Sijie, Huxue, Xijie, Adie, Baixi, etc. scattered in the northern wastelands. — Jiu Tangshu, 199, lower New Book of Tang, vol. 215 upper. "突厥阿史那氏, 蓋古匈奴北部也." "The Ashina family of the Turk probably were the northern tribes of the ancient Xiongnu." translated by Xu (2005) Old Book of Tang Vol. 199 lower "鐵勒，本匈奴別種" tr. "Tiele, originally a splinter race from Xiongnu" Suishu, Vol. 84 "鐵勒之先，匈奴之苗裔也" tr. "Tiele's predecessors are Xiongnu's descendants." Linghu Defen et al., Book of Zhou, Vol. 50. (in Chinese) Li Yanshou (李延寿), History of the Northern Dynasties, Vol. 99. (in Chinese) 舊五代史 Jiu Wudai Shi, Chapter 138. Original text: 回鶻，其先匈奴之種也。後魏時，號爲鐵勒，亦名回紇。唐元和四年，本國可汗遣使上言，改爲回鶻，義取迴旋搏擊，如鶻之迅捷也。 Translation: Hui Hu [Uyghur], originally of Xiongnu stock. During Later Wei, they were called Tiele. They were also called Hui He. In the fourth year of the Yuanhe era, the Khan of their country sent an envoy to submit a request, and the name was changed to Hui Hu. It takes its meaning from turning round to strike rapidly like a falcon. The forebears of the Tiele belonged to those Xiongnu descendants, having the largest divisions of tribes. They occupied the valleys, and were scattered across the vast region west of the Western Sea [Black Sea] At the area north of the Duluo River, are the Bugu (僕骨), Tongluo (同羅), Weihe (韋紇),[17] Bayegu (拔也古), Fuluo (覆羅), which were all called Sijin (Irkin). Other tribes such as Mengchen (蒙陳), Turuhe (吐如紇), Sijie (斯結),[a] Hun (渾), Hu (斛), Xue (薛) (or Huxue) and so forth, also dwelled in this area. They had a 20,000 strong invincible army. [...] The names of these tribes differ, but all of them can be classified as Tiele. The Tiele do not have a master, but are subjected to the both Eastern and Western Tujue (Göktürks) respectively. They don't have a permanent residence, and move with the changes of grass and water. Their main characteristics are, firstly, they possessed great ferocity, and yet showed tolerance; secondly, they were good riders and archers; and thirdly, they showed greed without restraint, for they often made their living by looting. The tribes toward the west were more cultivated, for they bred cattle and sheep, but fewer horses. Since the Tujue had established a state, they were recruited as the auxiliary of empire and conquered both east and westward, annexing all of the northern regional lands. The customs of the Tiele and Tujue are not much different. However, a man of the Tiele lives in his wife's home after marriage and will not return to his own home with his wife until the birth of a child. In addition, the Tiele also bury their dead under the ground. — Suishu, 84 Gaoju, apparently, are the remaining branch of the ancient Chidi. Originally they were called "Dili", in the north they are called "Chile", and in China – "Gaoju Dinglings", i.e. High Carts Dinglings. Their language is generally similar to the Xiongnu, but sometimes there are small differences. — Book of Wei Wei Shou (魏收). Book of Wei (History of Northern Wei Dynasty). Peking, Bo-na, 1958, pp. 26a–26b translation by Taskin V.S., "Materials on history of nomadic tribes in China 3rd–5th cc", Issue 2 "Jie", "Science", Moscow, 1990, p. 168, Note 158, ISBN 5-02-016543-3
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  3055.  @larshofler8298  Bulgars, Huns, Hephthalites, Kidarites, Kyrgyz, Dingling, Tiele, Onogurs, Utigurs, Kutrigurs, Sabirs, Avars, Xiongnu, Gaoju, Yueban were all ancient Turkic peoples but you are saying there were no Turkic peoples before medieval times🤣🤣🤣 According to the Book of Wei, the Yuebans' language and customs were the same as the Gaoche, who were Turkic speakers. Yuebans cut their hair and trimmed their ghee-smeared, sun-dried, glossy eyebrows evenly, and washed before meals three times every day.[18][19]
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  3056. Interesting topic
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  3057. Attila❤
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  3058.  @specialtech3992  Macedonia was seperate Hellenic state and most rulers of Eastern Roman Empire weren’t Greeks
    2
  3059. Николай Ханзо Cossacks are Turkic
    2
  3060. Vladimir Koryachek Cossacks are slavized turks
    2
  3061. Vladimir Koryachek Turco-slavic mix
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  3062. More likely Latin-Cuman Wars😺 As a consequence, groups of the Cumans and the Tatars settled and mingled with the local population in various regions of the Balkans. The Cumans were the founders of three successive Bulgarian dynasties (Asenids, Terterids and Shishmanids) and the Wallachian dynasty (Basarabids). They also played an active role in Byzantium, Hungary and Serbia, with Cuman immigrants being integrated into each country's elite. https://www.cambridge.org/tr/academic/subjects/history/european-history-1000-1450/cumans-and-tatars-oriental-military-pre-ottoman-balkans-11851365?format=AR&isbn=9780511110153
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  3063. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
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  3064. Turks, Mongol, Arabs, Indians, Greeks, Macedonians and many other peoples conquered Afghanistan that’s not impossible :-)
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  3065. 🤨
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  3066. Most based song about Istanbul😅
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  3067. Koymayı unutmuş :/
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  3068. Ermeniymiş la
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  3069. Pislik Kings and Generals kanalı da bunu bir kahramanlıkmış gibi anlatıyor.
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  3070.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  Indo-European speakers are all assimilated peoples they have predominantly native genes. Even Norwegians are 55% natives who have highest IE genes. You can't imagine what condition the Iranic speaking peoples are in.
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  3071.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  Well, you're like Zaza Xorto. Although you both are not ethnic Kurds, you defend the ideology of Pan-Kurdism.
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  3072. There are some greek kiddos who saying Italic Eastern Roman Empire was greek state🤣🤣🤣🤣😂😂😂😂lol Byzantine was Italic Latin Empire who ruled hellenic peoples😂😂😂 and founded by Illyrians not greeks😂😂
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  3073. @@melehtecolambalwikipedia doesn’t even support his claim too
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  3074. Most Tiktokers simply share pseudo-historical bs informations
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  3075. Lakhshya Lakey yes👍👍👍
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  3076. Кристиян Рачев Which Ottoman sultan is european origin???
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  3077. Bulgars were Turkic but Bulgarians were Slavic, they weren’t same.
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  3078. In about 1440 John Argyropoulos wrote of the struggle for the freedom of ' Hellas ' in a letter addressed to John VIII as 'Emperor of Hellas'. We have come a long way from the days when the ambassador Liudprand of Cremona was thought unfit to be received at the Court because his credentials were addressed to the 'Emperor of the Greeks'. But 'Graeci' was never an acceptable term. George Scholarius, the future Patriarch Gennadius, who was to be the link between the old Byzantine world and the world of the Turcocratia, often uses 'Hellene' to mean anyone of Greek blood. But he had doubts about its propriety; he still retained the older view. When he was asked his specific opinion about his race, he wrote in reply: "Though I am a Hellene by birth, yet I would never say that I was a Hellene. For I do not believe as the Hellenes believed. I should like to take my name from my faith and, if anyone asked me what I am, to reply "a Christian". Though my father dwelt in Thessaly,' he adds, 'I do not call myself a Thessalian, but a Byzantine. For I am of Byzantium.' It is to be remarked that though he repudiates the name of Hellene he calls the Imperial City not New Rome or Constantinople, but by its old Hellenic name. Runciman, S. (1970). IMPERIAL DECLINE AND HELLENIC REVIVAL. In The Last Byzantine Renaissance (The Wiles Lectures, pp. 1-23). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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  3079. Both Xiongnu,Khitan,Xianbei and Rourans are Turco-ProtoMongolic according to historians but Xiongnu was predemoninantly Turkic and others were mainly proto mongolic,two clans of xianbei call yuwen and tuoba are bolgar turkic
    2
  3080. *Although in the past the Huns are thought to have been Mongolian emigrants, it is far more likely that they were of Turkic origin. This point has been repeated by thousands of historians, sinologists, turcologists, altaistics, and other researchers. Let me try to state how this idea began with Sinology researchers.[1] *Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 386-9, also thinks that these names are the Germanic or Germanicized names of Turkic Huns.[2] *The language of the Huns has always been classified in the Turkic linguistic family.[3] *In the 5th century A . D . the Danube Slavs had lived in symbiosis with the Turkic Huns[4] *One of the first and most ferocious of such Asiatic (Turkic) peoples were the Huns.[5] *A large number of many different Turkic tribes were called Huns.[6] *It is conceivable that the Huns (Ephthalites), who irrupted into Central Asia in the early fifth century, were Turkic.[7] *Probably a substantial group of Hunnish peoples spoke some form of Turkic, a subfamily of the Altaic languages.[8] *Danube used by a large number of Turkic peoples - including Huns, Avars,Bulgars,Cumans.[9] * Among them, the Vandals were East Germanic, the Suevi or 'Swabians' were Central Germanic, the Huns were Turkic, and the Alans were Iranic (like the modern Ossetians).[10] *Also, with the various Turkic tribes on the west; especially with the Huns.[11] *Historic Turkic kingdoms (the earliest being the Great Hun Empire from 200 B.C., which stretched from Siberia to Tibet,and the last being the Ottoman Empire founded in A.D. 1299),hinting at a racial side to Turkish identity.[12] *By the fifth century, the last of the Tocharians was driven from the region by nomadic Huns, possibly the earliest of many subsequent waves of Tur- kic invaders in Central Asia.[13] *Who are the Turkic Peoples? This great family of peoples includes the Huns,Khazars,Avars and Bulgar-Turks of former times.[14] *The principal invaders in the north were no longer the Turkic Xiongnu[15] *Horses were vital to maintaining Han military strength against the increasing nomadic incur. sions from the Turkic Xiongnu tribal armies along the northern borders and in the northwest.[16] *The constant incursions in the Han's northern and northwestern frontiers by the Turkic nomads known as Xiongnu (the Huns) necessitated Han military expeditions across the Pamirs into Central Asia.[17] * By the 5th century many of the troops were barbarian foederation of Germanic, Turkic (“Huns and "Bulgars), and, perhaps, “Slavic origins [18] * The fact that the Bulgars of Asparukh - whom we considered descendants of the Huns led by Irnikh -were Turks.[19] *While the Hun hords of Attila that tried to conquer Europe were surely Proto-Türks.[20] Sources: *1- The Origins of the Huns-The History Files *2-The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe(Cambridge University Press)-Page 177 *3-Russian Translation Series of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology 1964 (Harvard University Press) *4-Among the People, Native Yugoslav Ethnography: Selected 1982(Michigan University Press) *5-Byzantium: Church, Society, and Civilization Seen Through Contemporary Eyes(University of Chicago Press)-Page 332 *6-Eurasian Studies Yearbook Volume 74 Eurolingua, 2002 *7-Islamic Peoples Of The Soviet Un-Page 384 *8-The Saga of the Volsungs: The Norse Epic of Sigurd the Dragon Slayer(University of California Press)-Page 15 *9-The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelth Century(University of Michigan Press)-Page 25 *10-Vanished Kingdoms: The Rise and Fall of States and Nations *11-China ancient and modern-Page-55 *12-Turkey: What Everyone Needs to Know®(Oxford University Press) *13-Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia-Page 251 *14-Oxford Symposium on Food & Cookery, 1989: Staplefoods : Proceedings *15-China: A New History, Second Enlarged Edition(Harvard University Press)-Page 73 *16-Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China ; Gansu and Ningxia, 4th - 7th Century ; [on the Occasion of the Exhibition "Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China", Organized by the Asia Society Museum, New York, October 13, 2001 - January 6, 2002 ...] *17-The Harvard Dictionary of Music-Page 261 *18- The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity-Page 1346 *19- The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia Volume 1-Page 202 *20-China Knowledge-Xiongnu
    2
  3081. Despite geographical proximity, Latvian and Lithuanian are very different from each other. Probably even Russian and Bulgarian are more closer to each other in terms of linguistic and mutual intelligibility.
    2
  3082. Turkish Gigachads❤
    2
  3083.  @CheLanguages yeah, like dialects of Dutch.
    2
  3084.  @cyrusthegreat7030  Qajar princes married with many Persian women
    2
  3085. CRIIIIIINGE
    2
  3086. Hate Greece from Turkey :-)
    2
  3087. Later in the Middle Ages the Turks arrived , those great warriors and conquerors . The Byzantines lost Asia Minor to them and were unable to prevent them from crossing to Europe . The Ottoman Turks conquered the entire Balkan region to the Danube and even beyond , crowning their successes with the capture of Constantinople in 1453 , an event that stunned the western world . They occupied most of Hungary ; Vienna was under threat . Where would they stop ? The Christian world , both western and Byzantine , had certainly every reason to fear Islam .
    2
  3088. Ottoman Mosques❤
    2
  3089. Göbekli🌝
    2
  3090. Because Slab Grave wasn’t a Mongolic population.
    2
  3091. Onur Yılmaz sa
    2
  3092.  @aidin4708  same goes for Iranians they have 5-20% Iranic genes
    2
  3093.  @aidin4708  Both Modern and Ancient Persians are very mixed peoples
    2
  3094. Ya attığın kaynakta moğol veya türk diyor bunu kullanma artık
    2
  3095. Wow amazing language :0
    2
  3096. While Rome's hostility to Turks dated back to late antiquity particularly against Tengrist Oghuric entities like the Bulgars, Avars, Huns, the arrival of Seljuks marked the begin of a new front against a distinct Muslim powerhouse conquering their way into Anatolia
    2
  3097. Finngolia
    2
  3098.  @bkb1367  it is a big proud :)
    2
  3099.  @KhansDen  his school toilets
    2
  3100. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, shaping the history of Balkans, Islamization of Northern India, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
    2
  3101. Crying Ottoman noises
    2
  3102. Krisi Yurukov You are one of the bulgarians which i respect
    2
  3103. I loved your channel and countryball pictures 😅
    2
  3104. Qing was Tungusic not Chinese
    2
  3105. Ya Sabıır🤦‍♂️
    2
  3106. sneksnekitsasnek Tatars are originally turkic tribe according to Orkhun scripts but some tatars got mongolized after genghis khan
    2
  3107.  @nenenindonu  Ottoman slavery is way better than shitty European slavery
    2
  3108. From this point of view, a large part of the 19 Cypriot historiography did not manage to achieve the substantial for the historian, to use a phrase by Eric Hobsbawm, overcoming of passions and political identities, 20⁰ identities that were of course created at the end or even after the Ottoman period. That is to say, that the national political identity of the Greek and the Turk, the national political ensembles of Greeks and Turks, realities of the post-Ottoman period in Cyprus are projected on the past of the 16th century. Thus, in 1571 Cyprus was conquered by the Ottomans and for the next three hundred and more years was a part of the Ottoman territory. The Greek Cypriot historiography uses for this transition and generally the entire Ottoman period the term Turkish rule a term that lends a national Turkish identity to Ottomans. A big part of traditional historiography refers to a Turkish state,²¹ mentioning a Turkish government, while correspondingly the conquered are included in another national identity, the Greek, which - and perhaps this is more important - at the time history is written, is in conflict with the Turkish. Already from the end of the 19th century, Greek Cypriot historiography states that during the Turkish rule "the spirit of the inhabitants fell to a pitiful point and poverty and misery and extreme ignorance, and depression of the national morale covered the island".23 The Orthodox on the island are defined by traditional historiography as a political group since "in the vizier's orders the participant in the defence of Famagusta Greek was a term that was generalised for all Greeks on the island". In relation to the population on the island the Turkish rule mentions that "after the occupation of Cyprus by the Turks the census that took place for tax pur poses revealed that the native Cypriot Greeks aged [...] in this population 20.000 30.000 Turks were added".25 It is also established that "the Turkish occupation brought to Cyprus many radical changes. The Turks supported the Greek population on the island in order not to give the opportunity to the peoples of Europe to be interested in the Cypriots […]”.26 And as it began with a national conflict that is how italso ends, since it is mentioned that “while the Turkish conquerors suppressed andpersecuted the Greeks on the island […]”.27 The existence therefore of a politicalnational group is considered given and every analysis of the Ottoman period func-tions in a way to bring to the forefront or reinforce the existence, even under difficultconditions, of such a group. This expressed the stereotyped view that the Cypriots“managed under the protection of the Church to maintain their religion, language,and national conscience as Greeks”.28 Even when relations are examined on differentlevels, even when they refer to the 17th century, these are characterised as relationsof the “Greeks and the Turks of Cyprus”.29 In the Turkish Cypriot historiography, the same perception is more or less fol-lowed; history is written under the same terms, the national terms but with one sub-stantial difference: The “Turks on the island” 30 are usually referred to as acomplimentary term of the word Ottomans and are placed on the side of the goodoften contrary to the “Greeks, Greek Cypriots” who are on the opposite side. Thesettlement of the “Turks”on the island is interpreted as something that broughtabout positive results for the entire island 31 and the local Ottoman administration isgenerally whitewashed. In short, Turkish Cypriot historiography also accepts theexistence of national groups. The Church of Cyprus expresses again the Greeks of Cyprus and its activities are mainly targeted against the Turks of Cyprus, 32 whilewithout hesitation the actions of the Prelates of 1600 in Cyprus are combined andidentified with the Akritas plan of the period after the independence. 33 The Prelatesare considered to express not only spiritually but also nationally the Orthodox of Cyprus while institutionally the Church of Cyprus is perceived as warring towardsthe local Turkish administration. 34 The Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot histo-riographies are identified when they project the present on the past, a past howeverthat is perceived and interpreted from a very different national point of view. Michael, M., Kappler, M. and Gavriel, E., 2009. Ottoman Cyprus. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, pp.14,15.
    2
  3109. Balkanstan
    2
  3110. Muhammad Ali Pasha=Cancer
    2
  3111. Best Islamic empire in history
    2
  3112. :((
    2
  3113. What about Ottoman-PLC Wars ?
    2
  3114. Khaljis were Khalaj Turks not ethnic afghans
    2
  3115. 😂😂😂😂😂😂
    2
  3116. 😐
    2
  3117. Byzantine Empire didn’t even exist
    2
  3118. Some Turkic empires ruled Cyprus before Ottoman Empire like Tulunids, Ikhsidids and Bahrids
    2
  3119. 💀
    2
  3120. Hamamshen :))) very very small state
    2
  3121. mehrdad 576 Xiongnu❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
    2
  3122. Pedro Pascal Khazar Empire😍😍😍
    2
  3123. Volkan kerem Osman Mitanni was clearly Vedic Indic origin nothing to do with kurds but those kids try to steal others history🤣🤣😂😂😂
    2
  3124. Tiele Turks also existed in BC
    2
  3125. Turks were greatest warriors in history according to primary sources
    2
  3126. A letter from Nädir to the Ottoman 1129 Sultan Mahmud I addressed Mahmüd as "the world-illuminating light of the Turkmän royal house.30 Avoiding any specific definitions of these ancestral Turkic ties, Nadir appealed to them as a way to reconnect disparate Muslim realms. In its audacity, Nadir's vision resembled Timür's grandiose plans. Both tried to invent the tradition of an imagined unity that had never actually existed, and could, in any case, only be implemented anyway by glossing over irreconcilable differences. Pfeiffer, J. and Woods, J., n.d. History and historiography of post Mongol Central Asia and the Middle East. pp.338, 339. Besides territorial integrity, two alternative concepts of sovereignty to replace the crumbling dynastic ideal can be discerned in Nadir Shah's negotiations with the Ottomans in the 1730s. Nadir proposed equal relations based, first, on Ottoman recognition of the legitimacy of Twelver Shiism as a fifth school of orthodox Islamic law. And second, he proposed something akin to an ethnic or national concept - equal relations based on Nadir Shah's identity as a member of the noble Turkmen family of peoples." Howard, D. (2017). A History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp.192
    2
  3127.  @aslylmaz1977  🐸
    2
  3128. By letting 5 million unidentified refugees into Turkey, Erdogan did a disservice to his own people that no other leader could do. Even Pol Pot looks like an angel next to him.
    2
  3129. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
    2
  3130. In the classical Persian literary tradition – the entire vocabulary of which consists of stock phrases and images - "Turk' and 'Tajik' are stand-in terms for easily recognizable social stereotypes: one simple but violent; the other wily but civilized. Rūmi turns this on its head, however, in the following couplet: Attack upon attack came the darkness of night/Be strong like a Turk, not soft like a Tajik' (Yek hamleh va yek hamleh, āmad shab va tārīkī/chosti kon va "Torki' kon, na narmī va ‘Tājīkī'). Often ‘Turk' was also used to refer to the poet's beautiful young (unattainable) beloved, as in the following lines from Sa'di: 'Maybe they'll tell the King/"Your Turk (i.e., your Beloved) has spilled Tajik blood" (Shayad ke be padshah begüyand/Tork-e tö berikht khūn-e Tājīk), or elsewhere, 'Show your Tajik face, not Abyssinian black/That the Heavens may obliterate the face of the Turks' (Ru-ye Tājīkāna-t benmā, tā dagh-e habash/ Asman chehre-ye Torkān yaghma'i keshad). Since Turkic men often ‘married up’ and started families with Tajik women, the bloodlines tended to become increasingly mixed over the generations. (Recent DNA studies in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan have shown no notable genetic difference between modern Uzbeks and Tajiks.) And since children typically spent their first years within the harem, the influence of Tajik mothers in constructing the identity of their mixed-race children was surely much greater than is admitted in the patriarchal written sources of the time. Military figures in particular often made much of their tough Turkic heritage, even as they sought to demonstrate their own cultivation by speaking Persian and patronizing Persian courtly culture. The Tajik scribes, for their part, were naturally required to flatter their patrons, but they flattered themselves as well in whatever subtle ways they could. — Richard Foltz, Chapter 4, Tajiks and Turks, The Turk–Tajik symbiosis
    2
  3131. There is no nation which so readily adopts foreign customs as the Persians. Thus, they have taken the dress of the Medes, considering it superior to their own; and in war they wear the Egyptian breastplate. As soon as they hear of any luxury, they instantly make it their own: and hence, among other novelties, they have learnt unnatural lust from the Greeks. “HERODOTUS”
    2
  3132. 🇹🇷
    2
  3133.  @ضاد-و6ع  Mongol Empire ended most of Turkic empires :(((
    2
  3134. Do you mean Silla dynasty?
    2
  3135. 😂😂😂
    2
  3136.  @JohnDoe-kg6gy  According to you kid
    2
  3137. Vlach kangz
    2
  3138. Russia had 0 Slavic ruler in history😹😹 but they talking about history more than any people
    2
  3139. 15:41 🇹🇷🌝
    2
  3140. SEDAT PEKER ?
    2
  3141. Turkic history
    2
  3142. Huns were very clearly Oghur Turkic not Mongolic
    2
  3143.  @hamzaalmdghri8741  *Although in the past the Huns are thought to have been Mongolian emigrants, it is far more likely that they were of Turkic origin. This point has been repeated by thousands of historians, sinologists, turcologists, altaistics, and other researchers. Let me try to state how this idea began with Sinology researchers.[1] *Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 386-9, also thinks that these names are the Germanic or Germanicized names of Turkic Huns.[2] *The language of the Huns has always been classified in the Turkic linguistic family.[3] *In the 5th century A . D . the Danube Slavs had lived in symbiosis with the Turkic Huns[4] *One of the first and most ferocious of such Asiatic (Turkic) peoples were the Huns.[5] *A large number of many different Turkic tribes were called Huns.[6] *It is conceivable that the Huns (Ephthalites), who irrupted into Central Asia in the early fifth century, were Turkic.[7] *Probably a substantial group of Hunnish peoples spoke some form of Turkic, a subfamily of the Altaic languages.[8] *Danube used by a large number of Turkic peoples - including Huns, Avars,Bulgars,Cumans.[9] * Among them, the Vandals were East Germanic, the Suevi or 'Swabians' were Central Germanic, the Huns were Turkic, and the Alans were Iranic (like the modern Ossetians).[10] *Also, with the various Turkic tribes on the west; especially with the Huns.[11] *Historic Turkic kingdoms (the earliest being the Great Hun Empire from 200 B.C., which stretched from Siberia to Tibet,and the last being the Ottoman Empire founded in A.D. 1299),hinting at a racial side to Turkish identity.[12] *By the fifth century, the last of the Tocharians was driven from the region by nomadic Huns, possibly the earliest of many subsequent waves of Tur- kic invaders in Central Asia.[13] *Who are the Turkic Peoples? This great family of peoples includes the Huns,Khazars,Avars and Bulgar-Turks of former times.[14] *The principal invaders in the north were no longer the Turkic Xiongnu[15] *Horses were vital to maintaining Han military strength against the increasing nomadic incur. sions from the Turkic Xiongnu tribal armies along the northern borders and in the northwest.[16] *The constant incursions in the Han's northern and northwestern frontiers by the Turkic nomads known as Xiongnu (the Huns) necessitated Han military expeditions across the Pamirs into Central Asia.[17] * By the 5th century many of the troops were barbarian foederation of Germanic, Turkic (“Huns and "Bulgars), and, perhaps, “Slavic origins [18] * The fact that the Bulgars of Asparukh - whom we considered descendants of the Huns led by Irnikh -were Turks.[19] *While the Hun hords of Attila that tried to conquer Europe were surely Proto-Türks.[20] Sources: *1- The Origins of the Huns-The History Files *2-The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe(Cambridge University Press)-Page 177 *3-Russian Translation Series of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology 1964 (Harvard University Press) *4-Among the People, Native Yugoslav Ethnography: Selected 1982(Michigan University Press) *5-Byzantium: Church, Society, and Civilization Seen Through Contemporary Eyes(University of Chicago Press)-Page 332 *6-Eurasian Studies Yearbook Volume 74 Eurolingua, 2002 *7-Islamic Peoples Of The Soviet Un-Page 384 *8-The Saga of the Volsungs: The Norse Epic of Sigurd the Dragon Slayer(University of California Press)-Page 15 *9-The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelth Century(University of Michigan Press)-Page 25 *10-Vanished Kingdoms: The Rise and Fall of States and Nations *11-China ancient and modern-Page-55 *12-Turkey: What Everyone Needs to Know®(Oxford University Press) *13-Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia-Page 251 *14-Oxford Symposium on Food & Cookery, 1989: Staplefoods : Proceedings *15-China: A New History, Second Enlarged Edition(Harvard University Press)-Page 73 *16-Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China ; Gansu and Ningxia, 4th - 7th Century ; [on the Occasion of the Exhibition "Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China", Organized by the Asia Society Museum, New York, October 13, 2001 - January 6, 2002 ...] *17-The Harvard Dictionary of Music-Page 261 *18- The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity-Page 1346 *19- The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia Volume 1-Page 202 *20-China Knowledge-Xiongnu Agathias calls them Onogur Huns (3.5.6, Frendo (1975), 72). A recently published seal gives the title of a fifth-century lord of Samarkand as “king of the Oghur Huns." in Vaissière, Etienne de la (212). Oxford Handbook of Late Antiquity: 5 Central Asia and the Silk Road. Oxford University Press. pp. 144–150.
    2
  3144. Angry Italian noises
    2
  3145. Happy Turkic noises...
    2
  3146. The descendants of Timur who ruled in India called themselves Chaghtai Turks and looked down upon the Mughals or Mongols as half - barbarians . Rise and Fall of the Mughal Empire, Vol 1., Ram Prasad Tripathi Central Book Depot, 1960 p.1
    2
  3147. How about Turkic queens?
    2
  3148. When Temüjin was a boy, the center of the steppe world was the Orkhon Valley, the old imperial site of the Türks. The valley was dominated by the Kereit. To the west, on the upper Irtysh River, lay Naiman territory. The Kereit and Naiman, not the Mongols, were masters of the steppe. The Kereit and Naiman elites spoke Turkic and had partially converted to Christianity under the influence of the Nestorian Church. In an effort to out do each other, To'oril of the Kereit and Tayang Qan of the Naiman accumulated men, weapons, alliances, and prestige. Yesügei Ba'atur sided with the Kereit. Later Chinggis Khan would subdue the Kereit and the Naiman in the course of a protracted effort to defeat all challengers among the steppe peoples. The Horde How the Mongols Changed the World Marie Favereau, p.32-33
    2
  3149.  @aquinalthomas4875  Evet biliyorum günümüzde kabul edilmeyen bilimsel olmayan eski bir ırksal sınıflandırma
    2
  3150.  @aquinalthomas4875  Ne çinli japon gibisi? Orta asyalılar hiçbirine benzemiyor bile😅 Berberiler ve Slavlar birbirine benziyor demekle aynı şey bu
    2
  3151.  @aquinalthomas4875  Gerçek Moğollar da Türklere benzemez ayrıca. Bazılarının benzer görünmesi Moğollaşmış Türkler ve Türkleşmiş Moğollardan dolayı
    2
  3152. Turkic Warriors❤️
    2
  3153. BMAC has nothing to do with Indo-Europeans
    2
  3154.  @azarshadakumuktir4551  BMAC were more likely Burusho related people not Dravidic or Indo-European
    2
  3155. Athanatoi 🤣🤣😂😂
    2
  3156.  @hishamalaker491  Being Arab is about belonging to an Arabian tribal confederation like Kedar tribe.
    2
  3157. Bir şey istemesinler artık ya :/
    2
  3158. From this point of view, a large part of the 19 Cypriot historiography did not manage to achieve the substantial for the historian, to use a phrase by Eric Hobsbawm, overcoming of passions and political identities, 20⁰ identities that were of course created at the end or even after the Ottoman period. That is to say, that the national political identity of the Greek and the Turk, the national political ensembles of Greeks and Turks, realities of the post-Ottoman period in Cyprus are projected on the past of the 16th century. Thus, in 1571 Cyprus was conquered by the Ottomans and for the next three hundred and more years was a part of the Ottoman territory. The Greek Cypriot historiography uses for this transition and generally the entire Ottoman period the term Turkish rule a term that lends a national Turkish identity to Ottomans. A big part of traditional historiography refers to a Turkish state,²¹ mentioning a Turkish government, while correspondingly the conquered are included in another national identity, the Greek, which - and perhaps this is more important - at the time history is written, is in conflict with the Turkish. Already from the end of the 19th century, Greek Cypriot historiography states that during the Turkish rule "the spirit of the inhabitants fell to a pitiful point and poverty and misery and extreme ignorance, and depression of the national morale covered the island".23 The Orthodox on the island are defined by traditional historiography as a political group since "in the vizier's orders the participant in the defence of Famagusta Greek was a term that was generalised for all Greeks on the island". In relation to the population on the island the Turkish rule mentions that "after the occupation of Cyprus by the Turks the census that took place for tax pur poses revealed that the native Cypriot Greeks aged [...] in this population 20.000 30.000 Turks were added".25 It is also established that "the Turkish occupation brought to Cyprus many radical changes. The Turks supported the Greek population on the island in order not to give the opportunity to the peoples of Europe to be interested in the Cypriots […]”.26 And as it began with a national conflict that is how italso ends, since it is mentioned that “while the Turkish conquerors suppressed andpersecuted the Greeks on the island […]”.27 The existence therefore of a politicalnational group is considered given and every analysis of the Ottoman period func-tions in a way to bring to the forefront or reinforce the existence, even under difficultconditions, of such a group. This expressed the stereotyped view that the Cypriots“managed under the protection of the Church to maintain their religion, language,and national conscience as Greeks”.28 Even when relations are examined on differentlevels, even when they refer to the 17th century, these are characterised as relationsof the “Greeks and the Turks of Cyprus”.29 In the Turkish Cypriot historiography, the same perception is more or less fol-lowed; history is written under the same terms, the national terms but with one sub-stantial difference: The “Turks on the island” 30 are usually referred to as acomplimentary term of the word Ottomans and are placed on the side of the goodoften contrary to the “Greeks, Greek Cypriots” who are on the opposite side. Thesettlement of the “Turks”on the island is interpreted as something that broughtabout positive results for the entire island 31 and the local Ottoman administration isgenerally whitewashed. In short, Turkish Cypriot historiography also accepts theexistence of national groups. The Church of Cyprus expresses again the Greeks of Cyprus and its activities are mainly targeted against the Turks of Cyprus, 32 whilewithout hesitation the actions of the Prelates of 1600 in Cyprus are combined andidentified with the Akritas plan of the period after the independence. 33 The Prelatesare considered to express not only spiritually but also nationally the Orthodox of Cyprus while institutionally the Church of Cyprus is perceived as warring towardsthe local Turkish administration. 34 The Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot histo-riographies are identified when they project the present on the past, a past howeverthat is perceived and interpreted from a very different national point of view. Michael, M., Kappler, M. and Gavriel, E., 2009. Ottoman Cyprus. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, pp.14,15.
    2
  3159.  @xshandy5812  They were Oghur Turkic such as Bulgars, Onogurs, Tiele, Yueban etc.
    2
  3160.  @xshandy5812  they were iranic🤣🤣🤣
    2
  3161.  @xshandy5812  The European Huns, who originated from the Xiongnu Empire, are known to have spoken primarily a Turkic language, more specifically Oghuric Turkic. 12 However, this may be due to the heavy concentration of Turkic peoples in the areas that the Huns inhabited immediately before their major expansions into Europe and Central Asia. Chinese historical source, the Weilue (= Sanguozhi 30.863-4), confirms that the Dingling (an ancient Turkic people) were the main inhabitants of what is now the Kazakh steppes by the 3rd century ce. Kim, H. The Xiongnu. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History.
    2
  3162.  @xshandy5812  Agathias calls them Onogur Huns (3.5.6, Frendo (1975), 72). A recently published seal gives the title of a fifth-century lord of Samarkand as “king of the Oglar Huns." in Vaissière, Etienne de la (212). Oxford Handbook of Late Antiquity: 5 Central Asia and the Silk Road. Oxford University Press. pp. 144–150. The 6th century historian Menandros Protektor states that the language spoken by the Avars is the same as that of the Huns. Assuming that language is one of the factors determining the origin, it can be argued that the Avars were a part of the Oghur Turks. [36]
    2
  3163. Sad Japonic noises
    2
  3164. Piri Reis >>> all
    2
  3165.  @middleeastrenwarriormen1017  Bahri Empire = Dawlat al Atrak/Turk/Turkiyyah
    2
  3166. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
    2
  3167. Murad IV😍
    2
  3168. Genocidal history 😐
    2
  3169.  @makaveli4652  Bulgars are Turks(of Onogur tribe) according to historical sources and most specialist historians Mahmud al Kashgari/Diwan Lughat al Turk https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=apGfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA6&dq=divanu+lugatit+turk&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjmrbTj4ZLrAhXKRBUIHSn1C9EQ6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q=Bulgar&f=false You ask us also in your epistle: "Of what people, of what family, and of what tribe are you?" Know that we are descended from Japheth, through his son Togarmah. [In Jewish literature Togarmah is the father of all the Turks.] I have found in the genealogical books of my ancestors that Togarmah had ten sons. These are their names: the eldest was Ujur, the second Tauris, the third Avar, the fourth Uauz, the fifth Bizal, the sixth Tarna, the seventh Khazar, the eighth Janur, the ninth Bulgar, the tenth Sawir. [These are the mythical founders of tribes that once lived in the neighborhood of the Black and Caspian Seas.] I am a descendant of Khazar, the seventh son. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khazar_Correspondence#King_Joseph's_reply The Volga Bulgars, a Turkish tribe then living on the east bank of the Volga River, ... the laws of Islam to the Bulgars, who had recently converted to the religion. http://www.bookrags.com/research/ahmad-ibn-fadlan-ued/#gsc.tab=0 Ibn Fadlan served as the group's religious advisor, a crucial role: among the purposes of their mission was to explain Islamic Law to the recently converted Bulgar peoples, a Turkish tribe living on the eastern bank of the Volga River. (These were the Volga Bulgars; another group of Bulgars had moved westward in the sixth century, invading the country that today bears their name, and became Christians.) https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ahmad-ibn-fadlan Theophanes the Confessor called him "king of the Onogundur Huns".[5] Patriarch Nikephoros I(758–828) called Kubrat "lord of the Onuğundur"[6] and "ruler of the Onuğundur–Bulğars".[7] John of Nikiu (fl. 696) called him "chief of the Huns".[6] D. Hupchick identified Kubrat as "Onogur",[4] P. Golden as "Oğuro-Bulğar",[6] H. J. Kim as "Bulgar Hunnic/Hunnic Bulgar".[8] Bulgars (Turkic bulgha-'to mix, stir up, disturb', i.e. 'rebels') A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiungnu and subsequently by warfare between the Rouran/Avar and northern Wei states. in Oliver Nicholson, The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity, Oxford University Press, 2018, ISBN 0192562460, p. 271.. Old Great Bulgaria or Great Bulgaria (Byzantine Greek: Παλαιά Μεγάλη Βουλγαρία, Palaiá Megálē Voulgaría), also often known by the Latin names Magna Bulgaria[3] and Patria Onoguria ("Onogur land"),[4] was a 7th-century state formed by the Onogur Bulgars on the western Pontic-Caspian steppe (modern southern Ukraine and southwest Russia).[5] Great Bulgaria was originally centered between the Dniester and lower Volga. Later Byzantine scholars implied that the Bulgars had previously been known as the Onogurs (Onoğur). Agathon wrote about the "nation of Onogur Bulğars"],Nikephoros I stated that Kubrat was lord of the Onogundurs, Theophanes referred to them as Onogundur Bulgars and Constantine VII remarked that the Bulgars formerly called themselves Onogundurs. Variations of the name include Onoguri, Onoghuri, Onghur, Ongur, Onghuri, Onguri, Onogundur, Unogundur, and Unokundur. There are several theories about the origin of the name Onogur. In some Turkic languages on means "10" and ğur "arrow"; and "ten arrows" might imply a federation of ten tribes, i.e. the Western Turkic Khaganate. Within the Turkic languages, "z" sounds in the easternmost languages tend to have become "r" in the westernmost Turkic languages; therefore, the ethnonym Oghuz may be the source of Oghur; that is, on Oğur would mean "ten clans of Oghuz". Old Great Bulgaria (Magna Bulgaria[29]), also known as Onoghundur–Bulgars state, or Patria Onoguria in the Ravenna Cosmography.[30][31][20] Constantine VII (mid-10th century) remarked that the Bulgars formerly called themselves Onogundurs.[32] Both names are best explained as corresponding to Onogundur, an old name in Greek sources for the Bulgars. https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/khazars Nikephoros I stated that Kubrat was lord of the Onogundurs, Theophanes referred to them as Onogundur Bulgars and Constantine VIIremarked that the Bulgars formerly called themselves Onogundurs. Variations of the name include Onoguri, Onoghuri, Onghur, Ongur, Onghuri, Onguri, Onogundur, Unogundur, and Unokundur.
    2
  3170.  @makaveli4652  Bulgarian historians are big joke😂😂😂 nobody take them serious
    2
  3171. Turks came in 881 Tulunid Empire is Turkic :)
    2
  3172. Turkey
    2
  3173. 🤨
    2
  3174. The geographer al-Istakhri, writing in the next century, commented on the 24 preparedness of the frontier men of Shash (modern Tashkent) and Farghana" for war" This encouraged the Caliphs', he goes on, to recruit men from Transoxania and the Turks became their armies because of their because of their superiority of all other races [ajnas] in bravery, daring, courage and fearlessness. The nobles [dahaqin] of Transoxania were their [i.ethe Caliphs] officers [quwwäd], retinue [hawashi] and chosen servants because of their attentiveness in service their obedience and their fine appearance in uniform. So they formed the retinue of the Caliphs, their trusted attendants and the heads of their armies, like the Turks and the Faraghina who formed the palace guard [shiḥna].
    2
  3175.  @matevznikolovski2911  Don't use myheritage but whatever you use
    2
  3176. When the ‘Abbāsid Caliphs were under Buwayhid suzerainty their Mamlūk policy was not free from the pressure of that Daylamite dynasty. The success of the Daylamite soldiers in so many eastern armies is really astounding, but in the slightly longer run they stood no chance against the Turkish Mamlūks, and they disappeared. Even a Buwayhid ruler preferred Turks over them (see e.g.Bosworth, , “Ghaznevid military organisation”, p. 42
    2
  3177. York artık :0
    2
  3178.  @yifeishi9857  Tuoba is Turkic not Mongolic Northern Wei. As is well known, the ruling clan, the Tabgach (Tuoba), were from the north, outside the Hua ecumene. The Särbi pastoral econ- omy and daily customs were close to those of the Xiongnu, the old nemesis of the Han, and their language, what we have been able to recover of it, was proto-Turkic, with Mongolic elements.22 https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/elliott/files/critical_han_studies_ch8_elliott.pdf https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/33950781/84411377.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y
    2
  3179.  @metalist6666  bu arada türklerle moğollar aynı soydan gelmiyor bu teori öleli çok oldu
    2
  3180. 🫥
    2
  3181.  @CheLanguages  and Cappadocian😁
    2
  3182. Ultra Happy Turkic noises :-)
    2
  3183. Eastern Romans were referred to as the Roman Empire (Rum) in all Turkic and Arabic sources. Medieval Turks and Arabs knew that they had nothing to do with Hellenic peoples. Even this is enough to refute the nonsense invented by the ultra-nationalist Greeks to portray the state as Greek. The Greeks often resort to such lies to hide that they have always been ruled by others throughout history. And also, the Roman Empire was a single state, a state called eastern rome or byzantine is not mentioned in historical documents. “Imperum Romanum” is always the official name of the state. (Not Imperium Grecum ;) ) Also, the Greeks are trying to steal not only the late Roman empire, but even the Pontus kingdom, which has nothing to do with them 🤣 The Romans really put an end to Hellenism and made you a "nothing" in history.
    2
  3184.  @NickStrife  Hellenic women were sl🐸ves in the Roman and Ottoman palaces you malacca 🤣🤣🤣
    2
  3185.  @NickStrife  even Armenian peoples like Heraclian and Macedonian dynasty ruled your hellenic grandmothers 😅🤣
    2
  3186. Cringe empire💀💀💀
    2
  3187. 😐
    2
  3188.  @uguryzg  Cringe larping from a Pan-Kurd
    2
  3189. Or Turkic history be like
    2
  3190. Starostin, George (2016). "Altaic Languages". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics. Despite the validity of many of these objections, it remains unclear whether they are sufficient to completely discredit the hypothesis of a genetic connection between the various branches of “Altaic,” which continues to be actively supported by a small, but stable scholarly minority.
    2
  3191. NORTHERN CYPRUS 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
    2
  3192. Yore History Also Italic
    2
  3193. Yore History But wikipedia doesn’t say english or british race is germanic,they are unique ethnic group
    2
  3194. Yore History Like French people Latin speakers of non-latin origin
    2
  3195.  @berserk9085  The noblest of these nations that were not interested in science are the Chinese and the Turks. The Chinese are the largest of the peoples by number, the most imposing by kingdom, and the most considerable by territory. The domains they occupy are in the eastern parts of the inhabited world, between the equinoctial line to the extreme of the seven climates to the north. His share in knowledge (ma'rifa) is to surpass all nations in mastery of handicrafts and perfection of graphic arts. They are the most suffered of men in the prolonged effort, which the improvement of the works [supposes], as well as in enduring the harshness of the penalties in the perfection of the arts (sana'i"). As for the Turks, [they] also form a great nation with numerous troops and an imposing kingdom. The domains they inhabit are found between the eastern regions of Juräsän, [on the side] of the Islamic empire, the western regions of China, northern India, and the extreme north of the inhabited world. Their virtue is that they stand out and achieve supremacy in doing war, as well as in the elaboration of weapons; for they are the most skilful of men in horsemanship and [warfare] tactics, and the keenest of eyes for spearing, striking with the sword, and shooting arrows. Ahmad, A.S. ibn and Salgado, M.F. (1999) Libro de las categorías de las naciones: Vislumbres desde el islam clásico sobre la filosofía y la ciencia. Tres cantos: Akal., p.43
    2
  3196. Turkey
    2
  3197. 🤨
    2
  3198. The Khitans were a semi-nomadic Turko- Mongolian people that had established the. Liao dynasty, been displaced http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/66009/1/__lse.ac.uk_storage_LIBRARY_Secondary_libfile_shared_repository_Content_Neumann,%20I_Remnants%20of%20the%20Mongol%20imperial%20tradition_Neumann_Remnants_of_the_Mongol.pdf (Cambridge University Press) http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.560.2362&rep=rep1&type=pdf https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=76QyCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA101&lpg=PA101&dq=&source=bl&ots=N6_RV_OH6B&sig=ACfU3U2os-Hrz9TwsJx3beoL9L4XSGHzyQ&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiGqM-h4-btAhUKzqQKHekQAYgQ6AEwBnoECBkQAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false (Cambridge University Press) Tribus turco-mongoles nomades, originaires du bassin du Liao He, établies en Chine du Nord depuis le ive s. https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/divers/Kitan/127592 membre d'un peuple turco-mongol nomade, établi en Chine du Nord depuis le IVe siècle relatif à un peuple turco-mongol nomade, établi en Chine du Nord depuis le IVe siècle https://www.universalis.fr/dictionnaire/khitan/ and the Khitans (a Turco-Mongolian people from Manchuria) https://www.britannica.com/place/Beijing/History https://www.britannica.com/place/Youzhou Born into a noble family of the Qara Khitai, a Turco-Mongol people originally from Northern China https://www.oxfordreference.com/search?q=Qara-Khitai&searchBtn=Search&isQuickSearch=true http://oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t355/e0031 https://www.academia.edu/6703236/Powerful_Women_in_the_Ilkhanate The Turko-Mongol Qara Khitai, forced into exile from their lands in northern China by the Jurchens https://oxfordre.com/asianhistory/search?q0=Khitai The Mongols were welcomed not only by the Muslims of the province but by the Turco-Mongol Khitans https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/13395/3/Mongols_in_Iran.pdf (Oxford University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=KjQ_AwAAQBAJ&pg=PT317&lpg=PT317&dq=bl&ots=b7dwy_nqNA&sig=ACfU3U1thYC5-HH20qT31j_MoIzDgyZqRQ&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi-7sCr4ubtAhUEH-wKHTIgDv0Q6AEwAHoECAEQAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false (Oxford University Press) The Qara Khitai are often referred to as " the infidel Turks ” ( kāfir al - Turk , al - Atrāk al - kuffār ) , or simply as Turks . https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=B934LaVBaz8C&pg=PA143&dq=CAMBRIDGEUNIVERSITYPRESS&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiO2cXy-9XtAhUcBhAIHfHwBnMQ6AEwAHoECAMQAg#v=onepage&q=Atrak&f=false (Cambridge University Press) https://www.academia.edu/43490170/The_Qara_Khitai The Khitans were a nomadic “Turko-Mongol” people. https://libraetd.lib.virginia.edu/downloads/h415pb10b?filename=1_Huang_Chih-Jung_2019_SJD.pdf The Turko-Mongol Khitan (Qidan) arose at the end of the Tang https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=a2_GQpLPPl8C&pg=PA238&dq=&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjrs53v5-btAhWmmIsKHQeqDqgQ6AEwAXoECAYQAg#v=onepage&q&f=false (Columbia University Press) Their fall from power came at the hands of the Qarakhitai , a Buddhist Turko - Mongol nomadic confederation https://books.google.com.tr/books?hl=tr&id=Q-RtAAAAMAAJ&dq=INDIANAUNIVERSITYPRESS&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Qarakhitai (Indiana University Press) Whether it is from Song China or from the land of the Turkic Khitans ruled by the Liao dynasty https://books.google.com.tr/books?hl=tr&id=wgonAQAAIAAJ&dq=WAYNESTATEUNOVERSITYPRESS&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=+khitans Khwarizm Shah's struggle with the Ghuzz and the Qara - Khitai Turks provided an opportunity to the rulers of a small principality - Ghur — to extend their power . https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=yrrXAAAAMAAJ&q=OXFORDUNIVERSITYPRESS&dq=khitai&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjasMKc-ObtAhVkx4sKHdINCnQ4FBDoATABegQICRAC “Dadan” was first used in the Song dynasty ( 960–1279) to refer to a Turco-Mongol people called the Qidan, who established a powerful empire https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=5cUVCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA153&dq=&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjkgoLZw-7tAhWtpYsKHQNDDOEQ6AEwAXoECAAQAg#v=onepage&q&f=false (University of Washington Press) The Khitans are sometimes called Turko - Mongols , and their language proto - Mongol , suggesting that those two branches of Altaic https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=SQWW7QgUH4gC&pg=PA34&dq=s&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjP4p6R4u7tAhXBvosKHQeyDrkQ6AEwAXoECAQQAg#v=onepage&q&f=false (Harvard University Press) The ethnical and linguistic affiliation of the Khitans is still not clear. http://www.chinaknowledge.de/History/Song/khitans.html Traditional Chinese scholars did not much care about such matters and just called them offsprings of the Xianbei 鮮卑, a proto-Türkic federation that had ruled the northern steppe in the 3rd and 4th centuries. http://www.chinaknowledge.de/History/Song/khitans.html Khwarizm Shah's struggle with the Ghuzz and the Qara - Khitai Turks provided an opportunity to the rulers of a small principality - Ghur — to extend their power . https://books.google.com.tr/books?hl=tr&id=yrrXAAAAMAAJ&dq=OXFORDUNIVERSITYPRESS&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=+Khitai (Oxford University Press)
    2
  3199. 🤨
    2
  3200. Search about massacres during the Greek war of independence
    2
  3201.  @elininkoru3739  bro thinks the entire world is Persian🧢
    2
  3202. Siberia is Turkic word comes from Sabir/Sibir people
    2
  3203. TRNC❤
    2
  3204. He lost battles against 15 years old sick kid while this kid was heavily outnumbered😅
    2
  3205. Ottochads❤
    2
  3206. Ottomans❤️❤️❤️
    2
  3207. +9999999 social credits
    2
  3208. Femboy country?
    2
  3209. She was a Turk Tabgach
    2
  3210.  @ektorpolykandriotis635  The tribe of Macedones or ruling family which took over the central plain was known, according to later sources, as Argeadae. The Argeadae were thought to have originated in Orestis, and despite the later power struggles between the ruling monarchy of Lower Macedonia and the tribes of Upper Macedonia, each with their own ruling families, they were considered "kin" due to their common origin in the western mountains and their common language, common haircut, short cloak, and other customs, which would have included religious cults, stock herding and -breeding, hunting, and horsemanship. All written records so far uncovered are in forms of Greek, and by the mid fourth century it appears the Argead royal court preferred spoken Greek as its official language, though there are also references to a "Macedonian" (makedonisti) language or dialect, which predominated within the army and was unintelligible to Greek speakers from the southern part of the peninsula. Ancient Macedonia 1st Edition by Carol J. King (Author) p.12
    2
  3211. Unfortunately 😐
    2
  3212. And unfortunately Turkey is the plastic dump of Europe.
    2
  3213. There were 4 nations which have managed to defeat the 1200's Mongols in war ; Javanese (Majapahit), Turks (Khalji & Bahri Mamluks), Japanese, Vietnamese (Dai Viet). Mongols of the first half of the 13th century however were unstoppable Major nations destroyed by the Mongols ; -Jin(Tungusic) -Khwarezmids(Turkic) -Souther Song(Sinitic) -Kara Khitais(Khitanic) -Cumania(Turkic) -Kievan Rus(Germanic and Slavic) -Seljuk Rum(Turkic) -Abbasids(Arabic) -Western Xia(Qiangic) -Volga Bulgaria(Turkic)
    2
  3214. Free South Azerbaijan
    2
  3215. Just like how Yugoslavia created Macedonian
    2
  3216. Turkic Empire😍😍😍
    2
  3217. Taliban Empire 😐
    2
  3218. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
    2
  3219. Erdoğan language :-)
    2
  3220. Ultra Sad Turkic noises
    2
  3221. Lucky Parthians :/
    2
  3222.  @barontuna  Ottoman official language was Old Anatolian Turkish and then Ottoman Turkish not Persian
    2
  3223. Finally, having lost his own son in the campaign, and failed to raise the men required for his new army, Muhammad 'AH realized that the Sudan campaign had been a complete failure. When he was informed that a large number of Turkish-speaking officers were about to desert the campaign and return en masse to Egypt he wrote to the governor of one of the Sa'idi provinces: "Since the Turks are members of our race and since they must be spared the trouble of being sent to remote and dangerous areas, it has become necessary to conscript around 4,000 men from Upper Egypt [to replace them]." Fahmy, K. (1998). The era of Muhammad ’Ali Pasha, 1805–1848. In M. Daly (Ed.), The Cambridge History of Egypt (The Cambridge History of Egypt, pp. 154). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    2
  3224.  @persianguy1524  🤣🤣🤲🏿🤲🏿🤲🏿🤲🏿 max poorsian iq level lmao
    2
  3225. Real
    2
  3226. Prince Ali ♥️
    2
  3227. Ottoman and Khedivate Africa 😍
    2
  3228. Where is the Ottoman Ethiopia?
    2
  3229.  @enkhzayazundui1063  this is the most nonsense comment i have ever read
    2
  3230. 🐸
    2
  3231. Turkey -10
    2
  3232.  @paulsh2071  Heraclian dynasty and Macedonian dynasty were both Armenian origin and many other emperors like Romanus Diogenes, Leo the Armenian etc. Armenians ruled Roman Empire for 400 years😂
    2
  3233. 🤨
    2
  3234. Ksjs Jdjdb The Turkish presence in Western Thrace started with the arrival of the Scythian Turks who came to the Balkans in the 2nd century BC together with the 'Western Branch' of migrants from Central Asia. https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=VpdXKpmaYLEC&printsec=frontcover&dq=a+modern+theory+of+language+evolution&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwisvcCdhrroAhWwk4sKHUxfBG8Q6AEIJTAA#v=onepage&q=Turkic&f=false .Contemporary populations linked to western Iron Age steppe people can be found among diverse ethnic groups in the Caucasus, Russia and Central Asia (spread across many Iranian and other Indo- European speaking groups), whereas populations with genetic similarities to eastern Scythian groups are found almost exclusively among Turkic language speakers (Supplementary Figs 10 and 11). https://reich.hms.harvard.edu/sites/reich.hms.harvard.edu/files/inline-files/ncomms14615_0.pdf Contemporary descendants of western Scythian groups are found among various groups in the Caucasus and Central Asia, while similarities to eastern Scythian are found to be more widespread, but almost exclusively among Turkic language speaking (formerly) nomadic groups, particularly from the Kipchak branch of Turkic languages (Supplementary Note 1). https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14615 Caucasus and Central Asia, while similarities to eastern Scythian are found to be more widespread, but almost exclusively among Turkic language speaking (formerly) nomadic groups, particularly from the Kipchak branch of Turkic languages (Supplementary Note 1). http://eurogenes.blogspot.com/2017/03/genetic-origins-and-legacy-of-scythians.html?m=1 Turkic tribes like Sakas, Kushanas, when they settled on India's borders and inside it also adopted ... https://www.cs.colostate.edu/~malaiya/turkish.html http://s155239215.onlinehome.us/turkic/27_Scythians/EthnicRootsEn.htm Both Kushans and Scythians were of Turki origin. (University of Sind) https://books.google.com.tr/books?hl=tr&id=q3FXAAAAMAAJ&dq=both+kushans+and+scythians+were+of+pakistan&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Turki The Sacae were a mixed people, probably a fusion of Iranian, Finnish, and Turkish— the antithesis of modern Hungarians. Exactly the same may be presumed about the Alans. The Chinese consider them as near relations of the Turks. (Harvard University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=tMdRefDs_G4C&q=sacae+finnic+harvard&dq=sacae+finnic+harvard&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjQpbS39L_pAhXhs4sKHSFTB0kQ6AEILjAB Genetics of Saka people https://hizliresim.com/aDjnZ0 https://hizliresim.com/IfZFMW
    2
  3235. Ksjs Jdjdb en son yapılan yorumlardan son yaptığım yorumu beğen üste çıksın
    2
  3236. 🤨
    2
  3237. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, shaping the history of Balkans, Islamization of Northern India, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
    2
  3238. Best mafia leader of all time ?
    2
  3239. Jazzar Ahmed Pasha 😎
    2
  3240. Persian rule in Iran broadly ended with the Islamic conquest (mid 7th century) resulting with a dominant Arabic, Turkic, and Mongolic rule whereas only 2 Iranian dynasties, Buyids and Zands, managed to rule Iran Foreign rule in Persia ; Macedonians(Hellen) Seleucids(Hellen) Rashiduns(Arab) Umayyads(Arab) Abbasids(Arab) Ghaznavids(Turk) Seljuks(Turk) Eldiguzids(Turk) Khwarezmids(Turk) Chingissids(Mongol) Ilkhanids(Mongol) Muzaffarids(Arab) Timurids(Turk) Karakoyunlu(Turk) Akkoyunlu(Turk) Safavids(Turk) Afsharids(Turk) Qajars(Turk)
    2
  3241. Great video like always 👍
    2
  3242. Great Navy History
    2
  3243. Weak history :)
    2
  3244. Khitans were not Mongolic
    2
  3245.  @alexginger1948  Tourkia (Greek: Τουρκία) may refer to: Turkey, a country in southeastern Europe and western Asia The name of Turkey in modern Greek The name of the Ottoman Empire in medieval and early modern Greek Tourkia (Khazaria) ("eastern Tourkia"), designation for the early medieval Khazar state in Byzantine sources Tourkia (Hungary) ("western Tourkia"), designation for the medieval Hungarian state in Byzantine sources
    2
  3246. I remembered the part where the Ottomanball got punched in the Sr Pelo video 😅
    2
  3247. I hope so
    2
  3248. Persia had now again been reduced to the status of a vassal state to the Huns. Peroz, however, had still ... These triumphs over the Sassanians made the name of the Hephthalite Huns a terror to the Persians and other Iranian peoples. Kim, H. (2013). The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. P.54
    2
  3249. other option to discuss is a historical and cultural – but not linguistic – continuity; this would imply a language shift from the Mongolic-speaking Rourans to the Turkic-speaking Avars at some point of their history. In parallel, both disciplines suggest that at least some of the European Avars were of Eastern Asian ancestry, but neither linguistic nor genetic evidence provides sufficient support for a specific connection between the Avars and the Asian Rourans. Savelyev A, Jeong C (2020). Early nomads of the Eastern Steppe and their tentative connections in the West. Evolutionary Human Sciences 2, e20, 1–17.
    2
  3250. 😭😭😭
    2
  3251. But Parthians were not Persians
    2
  3252. Homa Katouzian, "Iranian history and politics", Published by Routledge, 2003. p. 128: "Indeed, since the formation of the Ghaznavids state in the tenth century until the fall of Qajars at the beginning of the twentieth century, most parts of the Iranian cultural regions were ruled by Turkic-speaking dynasties most of the time.
    2
  3253. Avars😍😍😍
    2
  3254.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  both great and powerful
    2
  3255.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  from Murad I or Bayezid
    2
  3256. Davud Ljkc Only eastern scythians are turkic
    2
  3257. They may have been Iranians or Turks, or even of Kurdish or Arabic origin, but their appeal was religious rather than ethnic or tribal. Devotion to the Safavid order was widespread among the Türkmen tribes of Azarbayjan and Anatolia. Safavid followers wore a distinctive red turban and were known as Qizilbash, or “red-heads.” The Safavid order was both Sufi and Shiite in orientation, and it is thanks to the Safavids that Iran is a Shiite country today. Religious overtones aside,in most other respects theirs was a typical turkish dynasty. As late as the 1660s and 1670s, a Frenchman at the Safavid court could still write: “Turkish is the language of the armies and of the court; one speaks nothing but Turkish there, as much among the women as among the men, throughout in the seraglios of the great; this comes about because the court is originally of the country of this language, descended from the Türkmens, of whom Turkish is their native tongue. Jeroen Duindam (2016). Dynasties: A Global History of Power, 1300–1800. Cambridge University Press. p. 136. ISBN 978-1-107-06068-5. The Qājār dynasty, descended from a tribe whose early traces in Iran date to the eleventh century, held the reins of power until 1925. Much like the Safavids, they were Turkmen and spoke Turkish: their ethnic group of about 10,000 people led a nomadic life in northern Iran when it conquered the principalities that had fought over the Iranian plateau after the death of Nāder Shāh (1747). Richard, Y. (2019). Iran under the Qajars. In Iran: A Social and Political History since the Qajars (pp. 1-17). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. MY interest in Shāh Ismā'īl's poetry was aroused thirty-six years ago, when from my Ahl-i Ḥaqq friends I learnt that the Khāṭu'ī mentioned in one of their hymns was no lessa person than the founder of the Ṣafavi dynasty: Khatā'ī-dä nāṭiq oldï, Türkistanïn pīri oldï “(Godhead) came to speech in the person of Khatā'ī, (who) became the pīr of the Turks (of Āzarbāyjān)”, according to the explanation given to me. Minorsky, V. (1942). The Poetry of Shāh Ismā'īl I. Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 10(4), 1006-1029. doi:10.1017/S0041977X00090182
    2
  3258. Based Central Asia 🌝
    2
  3259. Cringe larp
    2
  3260. Georgian primary sources called them didi Turkoba “ Turkish Invasions”
    2
  3261.  @theawesomeman9821  He was Germanic origin and a Germanic speaker🤣
    2
  3262. Latinized Iberians 🥲
    2
  3263. More likely Turco-Nordic Wars🤣🤣 all rulers were Nordic Vikings and Danish
    2
  3264. It will change
    2
  3265. Galiba 🐸
    2
  3266. Refugees exist: Turkey: 😒
    2
  3267. Watch Sevan Nişanyan and Yusuf Halaçoğlu discussion
    2
  3268. Baibars the Great Panther 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷😍😍😍
    2
  3269. Bulgharic gigachads
    2
  3270.  @CenabNagiyev  Laaaa
    2
  3271. Arabs were nobody before Islam and after First Crusade
    2
  3272. @Khan Sevar cringe kid😂
    2
  3273. Hellenic states of the Seleucids, Macedonia, Achaean League, Aetolian League, Kingdom of Pergamon, Ptolemaics etc. all got destroyed by Roman Empire which resulted as ending of Hellenistic era and post Roman Greece was basically a playground for Romans, Turks, Slavs, Albanians, Thracians, Illyrians, Armenians, Italians and Germanic peoples as we all know Hellenic rule in Greece broadly ended with the Roman conquest of Greece resulting with a dominant Roman, Turkic, and Germanic rule whereas only 3 short lived Hellenic dynasties, Komnenids, Angelids and Laskarids, managed to rule Grece Foreign rule in Greece; Achaemenid dynasty (Iranic) Nerva–Antonine dynasty (Italic) Severan dynasty (Punic) Gordian dynasty (Celtic) Decian dynasty (Illyrian) Valerian dynasty (Italic) Caran dynasty (Illyrian) Constaninian dynasty (Illyrian) Valentinian dynasty (Illyrian) Theodosian dynasty (Hispanian) Leonid dynasty (Thracian) Justinian dynasty (Illyrian) Heraclian dynasty (Armenian) Isaurian dynasty (Armenian) Nikephorian dynasty (Arabic) Dulo dynasty (Turkic) Krum’s dynasty (Turkic) Amorian dynasty (Jewish) Macedonian dynasty (Armenian) Phokas dynasty (Armenian) Doukid dynasty (most likely Armenian) Diogenes dynasty (most likely Armenian) Principality of Arbanon (Albanian) Principality of Valona (Slavized Turkic) Duchy of the Archipelago (Italian) Kingdom of Cyprus (Germanic) Kingdom of Thessalonica (Germanic) Empire of Thessalonica (most likely Armenian) Latin Empire (Germanic) Asenid dynasty (Slavized Turkic) Duchy of Athens (French) Duchy of Neopatras (Spanish) Marquisate of Bodonitsa (Germanic) Lordship of Argos and Nauplia (Germanic) Lordship of Salona (Germanic) Lordship of Chios (Italian) Knights Hospitaller of Rhodes (Germanic) Principality of Achaea (French) Palaiologos dynasty (most likely Italic) Nemanjic dynasty (Slavic) Despotate of Arta (Albanian) Despotate of Ioannia (Albanian) League of Lezhe (Albanian) Vojivonic dynasty (Slavic) Venetian dominions in Greece (Italian) Principality of Lesbos (Italian) Kingdom of Candia (Italian) Kingdom of Ioanian Islands (Italian) Kingdom of the Morea (Italian) Triarchy of Negroponte (French) Ottoman dynasty (Turkic) Pashalik of Berat (Albanian) Pashalik of Yanina (Albanian) Pashalik of Scutari (Albanian) Septinsular Republic (Italian) House of Wittelsbach (Germanic) United States of the Ionian Islands (Germanic) Principality of Samos (Slavic)
    2
  3274. 🤨🤨🤨🧐🧐🧐
    2
  3275. Moreover Turkish - English Nostratic cognates: Deep - Dip Early - Erken Blend - Bula Blind - Bulanık Top - Tepe
    2
  3276. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
    2
  3277. The noblest of these nations that were not interested in science are the Chinese and the Turks. The Chinese are the largest of the peoples by number, the most imposing by kingdom, and the most considerable by territory. The domains they occupy are in the eastern parts of the inhabited world, between the equinoctial line to the extreme of the seven climates to the north. His share in knowledge (ma'rifa) is to surpass all nations in mastery of handicrafts and perfection of graphic arts. They are the most suffered of men in the prolonged effort, which the improvement of the works [supposes], as well as in enduring the harshness of the penalties in the perfection of the arts (sana'i"). As for the Turks, [they] also form a great nation with numerous troops and an imposing kingdom. The domains they inhabit are found between the eastern regions of Juräsän, [on the side] of the Islamic empire, the western regions of China, northern India, and the extreme north of the inhabited world. Their virtue is that they stand out and achieve supremacy in doing war, as well as in the elaboration of weapons; for they are the most skilful of men in horsemanship and [warfare] tactics, and the keenest of eyes for spearing, striking with the sword, and shooting arrows. Ahmad, A.S. ibn and Salgado, M.F. (1999) Libro de las categorías de las naciones: Vislumbres desde el islam clásico sobre la filosofía y la ciencia. Tres cantos: Akal., p.43
    2
  3278.  @NangyalMashalPukhtoon  just search about Khalaj people/tribe
    2
  3279. Turkic Empire❤❤❤
    2
  3280. Ottomans = Best Islamic Empire in history
    2
  3281. Samongai
    2
  3282.  @Kolious_Thrace  How about Greek massacres on Albanians, Bulgarians and Turks? You were not angels anyways
    2
  3283. Ming Empire and Qing Empire destroyed Mongolic peoples so hard.
    2
  3284. 🇹🇷
    2
  3285. Jazzar Ahmed Pasha 😎
    2
  3286.  @_berat.ugur_3089  =)
    2
  3287. Hassan Abdulsalam yes ;)
    2
  3288. Hassan Abdulsalam https://catalog.lib.uchicago.edu/vufind/Record/88893 https://www.worldcat.org/title/history-of-the-kurdish-and-turkish-empire/oclc/219796856 https://books.google.com.tr/books/about/History_of_the_Kurdish_and_Turkish_Empir.html?id=2UiJOwAACAAJ&redir_esc=y
    2
  3289. Hassan Abdulsalam ?
    2
  3290. Hassan Abdulsalam ?
    2
  3291. 🐸
    2
  3292. Fringe hypothesis
    2
  3293. Ooo
    2
  3294. Yeah
    2
  3295. The geographer al-Istakhri, writing in the next century, commented on the 24 preparedness of the frontier men of Shash (modern Tashkent) and Farghana" for war" This encouraged the Caliphs', he goes on, to recruit men from Transoxania and the Turks became their armies because of their because of their superiority of all other races [ajnas] in bravery, daring, courage and fearlessness. The nobles [dahaqin] of Transoxania were their [i.ethe Caliphs] officers [quwwäd], retinue [hawashi] and chosen servants because of their attentiveness in service their obedience and their fine appearance in uniform. So they formed the retinue of the Caliphs, their trusted attendants and the heads of their armies, like the Turks and the Faraghina who formed the palace guard [shiḥna].
    2
  3296. 🤣🤣🤣🤣😹😹😹 keep dreaming about history Prof. Dr. Nicola Di Cosmo in: The Turks: Early ages, Part 4. Huns (Xiongnu): The Origin and Rise of the Xiongnu Empire, Y. T., 2002, pp.217-227, University of Michigan, ISBN 9756782552, 9789756782552 "There is not much doubt among historians about the Turkish nature of the Great Hun Empire, which ruled between 318 B.C. and 216 A.D., as well as that of its predecessor proto-Huns, whose presence was confirmed by Chinese sources. The Great Hun Empire, the Western Hun Empire and especially the European Huns were examined comprehensively by Western historians." The predecessors of Huihe were Xiongnu. Because, customarily, they ride high-wheeled carts. They were also called Gaoche during the Yuan Wei times, or also called Chile, mistakenly rendered as Tiele. — Xin Tangshu, 232 only the Turkic Gaoju origin of the Hephthalites should be retained as indicative of their primary ethnicity.[82] Weishu, vol. 103 txt: "高車，[...] 其語略與匈奴同而時有小異，或云其先匈奴之甥也", tr: "The Gaoju, [...] their language and the Xiongnu's are similar though differ a little; or to say it differently, they are the sororal nephews/sons-in-laws of the Xiongnu " According to the Book of Wei, the Yuebans' language and customs were the same as the Gaoche, who were Turkic speakers. Yuebans(Weak Xiongnu) cut their hair and trimmed their ghee-smeared, sun-dried, glossy eyebrows evenly, and washed before meals three times everyday.[18][19] Chinese sources link the Tiele people and Ashina to the Xiongnu, According to the Book of Zhou and the History of the Northern Dynasties, the Ashina clan was a component of the Xiongnu confederation.[84][85] Uyghur Khagans claimed descent from the Xiongnu (according to Chinese history Weishu, the founder of the Uyghur Khaganate was descended from a Xiongnu ruler).[86] Both the 7th-century Chinese History of the Northern Dynasties[87] and the Book of Zhou,[88] an inscription in the Sogdian language, report the Göktürks to be a subgroup of the Xiongnu.[89][90] Tiele are originally Xiongnu's splinter stocks. As Tujue are strong and prosperous, all Tiele districts (郡) are divided and scattered, the masses gradually dwindled and weakened. Until the beginning of Wude [era], there have been Xueyantuo, Qibi, Huihe, Dubo, Guligan, Duolange, Pugu, Bayegu, Tongluo, Hun, Sijie, Huxue, Xijie, Adie, Baixi, etc. scattered in the northern wastelands. — Jiu Tangshu, 199, lower English Hunnish Turkish Apple Alma Elma Khan Han Han Wolf Böri Börü/Kurt Hear İşit İşit God Tengri Tengri/Allah Mother Ana Ana/Anne Daddy Ata Ata/Baba Day Kün Gün Horse At At Moon Ay Ay Real Öz Öz Soldier Er Er White Ak Ak Black Kara Kara Eye Köz Göz Islak Yaş/Yeş Yaş Nine(9) Toğuz Dokuz Thirty(30) Otuz Otuz Sky Kök Gök Boy Oglan Oğlan Arrow Ok Ok Clan Bog Boy Man Beg Bey East Dogu Doğu Nice Kozal Güzel Water Su Su Go Kit Git Golden Altun Altın Diamond Almaz Elmas Thorn Tigin Diken Rose Kül Gül Head Baş Baş İron Timur Demir Collisions and trade with the Xiongnu , fierce Turkic-speaking nomads of the north and west, began in the life- time of Confucius. “The Emergence of an International System in East Asia.” East Asia at the Center: Four Thousand Years of Engagement with the World, by WARREN I. COHEN, Columbia University Press, NEW YORK, 2000, pp. 1–61. which is about the Han Dynasty general Su Wu, who was captured in 100 b.c. while on a diplomatic mission to the Xiongnu , a Turkic clan in central Asia. “FROM LUN ON AND LUN HOP TO THE GREAT CHINA THEATER, 1922–1925.” Chinatown Opera Theater in North America, by Nancy Yunhwa Rao, University of Illinois Press, Urbana; Chicago; Springfield, 2017, pp. 152–184. The principal invaders in the north were no longer the Turkic Xiongnu , whose confederation had broken up “Reunification in the Buddhist Age.” China: A New History, Second Enlarged Edition, by John King Fairbank and Merle Goldman, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, England, 2006, pp. 72–87. They aii belong to the Yugus branch of the western Xiongnu group of the Turkic languages, which are part of the Altaic language family. “The Frontier Ground and Peoples of Northwest China.” Familiar Strangers: A History of Muslims in Northwest China, by JONATHAN N. LIPMAN, University of Washington Press, SEATTLE; LONDON, 1997, pp. 3–23. Prof. Dr. Nicola Di Cosmo in: The Turks: Early ages, Part 4. Huns (Xiongnu): The Origin and Rise of the Xiongnu Empire, Y. T., 2002, pp.217-227, University of Michigan, ISBN 9756782552, 9789756782552 "There is not much doubt among historians about the Turkish nature of the Great Hun Empire, which ruled between 318 B.C. and 216 A.D., as well as that of its predecessor proto-Huns, whose presence was confirmed by Chinese sources. The Great Hun Empire, the Western Hun Empire and especially the European Huns were examined comprehensively by Western historians." Land conl icts were also a factor in the frequent clashes from the third century BC onwards between the Chinese Qin and Han Dynasties and the alliance of Turkic nomads, called the Xiongnu people. In the third century BC, the Xiongnu bordered the northwest frontier of Chinese imperial lands, and controlled many of the key trading centers along the land-based routes of the Silk Roads all the way to the Caucasus Mountains. Barbier, E. (2010). The Rise of Cities (from 3000 BC to 1000 AD). In Scarcity and Frontiers: How Economies Have Developed Through Natural Resource Exploitation (pp. 84-156). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511781131.004
    2
  3297. *Although in the past the Huns are thought to have been Mongolian emigrants, it is far more likely that they were of Turkic origin. This point has been repeated by thousands of historians, sinologists, turcologists, altaistics, and other researchers. Let me try to state how this idea began with Sinology researchers.[1] *Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 386-9, also thinks that these names are the Germanic or Germanicized names of Turkic Huns.[2] *The language of the Huns has always been classified in the Turkic linguistic family.[3] *In the 5th century A . D . the Danube Slavs had lived in symbiosis with the Turkic Huns[4] *One of the first and most ferocious of such Asiatic (Turkic) peoples were the Huns.[5] *A large number of many different Turkic tribes were called Huns.[6] *It is conceivable that the Huns (Ephthalites), who irrupted into Central Asia in the early fifth century, were Turkic.[7] *Probably a substantial group of Hunnish peoples spoke some form of Turkic, a subfamily of the Altaic languages.[8] *Danube used by a large number of Turkic peoples - including Huns, Avars,Bulgars,Cumans.[9] * Among them, the Vandals were East Germanic, the Suevi or 'Swabians' were Central Germanic, the Huns were Turkic, and the Alans were Iranic (like the modern Ossetians).[10] *Also, with the various Turkic tribes on the west; especially with the Huns.[11] *Historic Turkic kingdoms (the earliest being the Great Hun Empire from 200 B.C., which stretched from Siberia to Tibet,and the last being the Ottoman Empire founded in A.D. 1299),hinting at a racial side to Turkish identity.[12] *By the fifth century, the last of the Tocharians was driven from the region by nomadic Huns, possibly the earliest of many subsequent waves of Tur- kic invaders in Central Asia.[13] *Who are the Turkic Peoples? This great family of peoples includes the Huns,Khazars,Avars and Bulgar-Turks of former times.[14] *The principal invaders in the north were no longer the Turkic Xiongnu[15] *Horses were vital to maintaining Han military strength against the increasing nomadic incur. sions from the Turkic Xiongnu tribal armies along the northern borders and in the northwest.[16] *The constant incursions in the Han's northern and northwestern frontiers by the Turkic nomads known as Xiongnu (the Huns) necessitated Han military expeditions across the Pamirs into Central Asia.[17] * By the 5th century many of the troops were barbarian foederation of Germanic, Turkic (“Huns and "Bulgars), and, perhaps, “Slavic origins [18] * The fact that the Bulgars of Asparukh - whom we considered descendants of the Huns led by Irnikh -were Turks.[19] *While the Hun hords of Attila that tried to conquer Europe were surely Proto-Türks.[20] Sources: *1- The Origins of the Huns-The History Files *2-The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe(Cambridge University Press)-Page 177 *3-Russian Translation Series of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology 1964 (Harvard University Press) *4-Among the People, Native Yugoslav Ethnography: Selected 1982(Michigan University Press) *5-Byzantium: Church, Society, and Civilization Seen Through Contemporary Eyes(University of Chicago Press)-Page 332 *6-Eurasian Studies Yearbook Volume 74 Eurolingua, 2002 *7-Islamic Peoples Of The Soviet Un-Page 384 *8-The Saga of the Volsungs: The Norse Epic of Sigurd the Dragon Slayer(University of California Press)-Page 15 *9-The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelth Century(University of Michigan Press)-Page 25 *10-Vanished Kingdoms: The Rise and Fall of States and Nations *11-China ancient and modern-Page-55 *12-Turkey: What Everyone Needs to Know®(Oxford University Press) *13-Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia-Page 251 *14-Oxford Symposium on Food & Cookery, 1989: Staplefoods : Proceedings *15-China: A New History, Second Enlarged Edition(Harvard University Press)-Page 73 *16-Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China ; Gansu and Ningxia, 4th - 7th Century ; [on the Occasion of the Exhibition "Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China", Organized by the Asia Society Museum, New York, October 13, 2001 - January 6, 2002 ...] *17-The Harvard Dictionary of Music-Page 261 *18- The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity-Page 1346 *19- The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia Volume 1-Page 202 *20-China Knowledge-Xiongnu Agathias calls them Onogur Huns (3.5.6, Frendo (1975), 72). A recently published seal gives the title of a fifth-century lord of Samarkand as “king of the Oghur Huns." in Vaissière, Etienne de la (212). Oxford Handbook of Late Antiquity: 5 Central Asia and the Silk Road. Oxford University Press. pp. 144–150. There seems no doubt today that the Huns were a Turkish speaking people . I︠U︡riĭ Vladimirovich Gankovskiĭ Thus the Huns , speaking Turkic , were where we expect Mongols today and were of white race . Carroll Quigley by that of the Turkish - speaking Huns Nancy Van Deusen, ‎Nancy Elizabeth Van Deusen For further discusssion on the possible Hunnic/Turkic origins of the Torcilingi see below. The Heruli, another people closely associated with Odoacer, are also noted for their cranial deformation (Hunno-Alanic custom) and the presence Notes to pages 96–9 233 of partially Mongoloid peoples and eastern ritual mirrors among them, all indicative of a strong link with the Huns, see Pohl (1980), 277. 73. Anonymus Valesianus 8.37. 74. Kim, H. (2013). Notes. In The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe (pp. 159-275). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511920493.008 The path was that taken westward by migrating Goths in the fourth century and then by Turkic -altaic peoples, including the Huns . “Bulgaria.” Fare Well, Illyria, by David Binder, Central European University Press, 2013, pp. 85–100. In the late fourth and early fifth centuries AD, a new force appeared in the steppes adjacent to Khujand—the north- eastern outposts of the Iranian civilisation—namely, the Turkic tribes of the Ephthalites5 and the Huns . “Tajiks on the Crossroads of History, from Antiquity to the Age of Colonialism.” Tajikistan: A Political and Social History, by Kirill Nourzhanov and Christian Bleuer, ANU Press, 2013, pp. 11–26. .
    2
  3298. Xianbei were Mongolic peoples and Xiongnu were Turkic peoples according to expert scholars .
    2
  3299. Ottoamans 💀💀💀💀💀
    2
  3300. The writer uses the ambiguous term “Hellene,” which generally means “pagan” in Byzantine Greek. Plethon and his followers used the term almost to the exclusion of all others when referring to their own countrymen. Nagy., 2003. Modern Greek Literature. Taylor & Francis, p.30. " In its final centuries , the Byzantine Empire was also called " Romania . " Remnants of this Roman heritage are still evident in such terms as " Rum " and " Rumeli . Georgius, Philippides, M. and Macarius, 1980. The fall of the Byzantine empire. Amherst, MA: Univ. of Massachusetts Pr., p.2. Given Gennadios ' strong religious and traditional orientation , one would expect him to adhere carefully to the traditional Byzantine nomenclature wherein Hellene signified pagan and Rhomaios Byzantine . Ćurčić, S. and Mouriki, D., 2019. The Twilight of Byzantium. Princeton: Princeton University Press, p.9. And there is also evidence that the word 'Hellene' now meant 'pagan', and Justinian did conduct persecutions of Hellenes. Scott, R., n.d. Byzantine chronicles and the sixth century.
    2
  3301. 👽
    2
  3302. You live in constant fear of death (and possibly die in battle)
    2
  3303. H. A. R. D Your ornament is a Turk🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
    2
  3304. ÖLÜMLÜHAYATBUGÜNVARSINYARINYOKSUN I yap İ yapma :/ büyük ı yap
    2
  3305. The earliest reference to the Mongols classifies them as a Tang dynasty tribe of Shiwei during the eighth century. It was only after the fall of the Liao dynasty in 1125 that they became an important tribe on the Central Asian steppe, but tribal wars weakened their power over the ensuing century. During the thirteenth century, the term Mongol was used to refer to the Mongolic and Turkic tribes who fell under the control of Genghis Khan. The Mongols are primarily a shamanist society; their central deity is the sky god Tenger.
    2
  3306. On the other hand, as has been recently pointed out, though the beginning of Bahri rule is usually dated to 1250, none of the first five sultans were, in fact, members of the Bahriyya. 32 The Arabic sources for the period refer to the dynasty as the dawlat al-atrak, dawlat al-turk, or al- dawla al-turkiyya (i.e. dynasty of the Turks), in recognition of the racial or ethnic group which predominated in the mamluk caste during this period, and to distinguish it from the Burji sultanate in which mamluks Northrup, L. (1998). The Bahrī Mamlūk sultanate, 1250–1390. In C. Petry (Ed.), The Cambridge History of Egypt (The Cambridge History of Egypt, pp. 242-289). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521471374.011 The term 'Mamluk Sultanate' is a modern historiographical term.[9] Arabic sources for the period of the Bahri, Mamluks refer to the dynasty as the State of the Turks (Arabic: دولة الاتراك‎, Dawlat al-Atrāk; دولة الترك, Dawlat al-Turk) or State of Turkey (الدولة التركية, al-Dawla al-Turkiyya).[16][17][9] 2. Kitāb Tarjamat thaghr Dimyāṭ al-maḥrūs wa-mā waqaʻa bihā min ʻahd Nūḥ ʻalayhi al-salām ilá ākhir dawlat al-Turk min Kitāb al-ʻAnāṣir li-majālis al-Malik al-Nāṣir : manuscript, [1567] ; Tarjamat thaghr Dimyāṭ al-maḥrūs wa-mā waqaʻa bihā min ʻahd Nūḥ ʻalayhi al-salām ilá ākhir dawlat al-Turk ; Thaghr Dimyāṭ al-maḥrūs wa-mā waqaʻa bihā min ʻahd Nūḥ ʻalayhi al-salām ilá ākhir dawlat al-Turk ; كتاب ترجمة ثغر دمياط المحروس وما وقع بها من عهد نوح عليه السلام الى آخر دولة الترك من كتاب العناصر لمجالس الملك الناصر : مخطوطة، [1567] ; ترجمة ثغر دمياط المحروس وما وقع بها من عهد نوح عليه السلام الى آخر دولة الترك من كتاب العناصر لمجالس الملك الناصر ; ثغر دمياط المحروس وما وقع بها من عهد نوح عليه السلام الى آخر دولة الترك من كتاب العناصر لمجالس الملك الناصر CREATOR/CONTRIBUTOR: Maqrīzī, Aḥmad ibn ʻAlī, 1364-1442, creator مقريزي، أحمد بن علي،, 1364 al-Malik al-Muẓaffar Sayf al-Dīn al-Muʿizzī , third Mamlūk sultan of the Dawlat al-Turk or Baḥrī dynasty. A nephew of the K̲h̲wārazm-S̲h̲āh D̲j̲alāl al-Dīn, Ḳuṭuz (whose original Muslim name was Maḥmūd b. Mamdūd) was taken prisoner by the Mongols and sold to a Damascus merchant who, in turn, sold him to the Mamlūk amīr Aybak in Cairo. Aybak, as the husband of S̲h̲ad̲j̲ar al-Durr, became in 648/1250 al-Malik al-Muʿizz, from which title Ḳuṭuz derived his nisba , al-Muʿizzī. The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Political Theory Leigh K. Jenco, Murad Idris, Megan C. Thomas · 2019 · Political Science The lens of mamlūk military slavery has dominated studies of medieval Egypt. ... dynasty (established by Salāh al-Dīn in the twelfth century) to the Turkish Mamluk sultanate in the mid-thirteenth century. The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology Clifford J. Rogers, William Caferro, Shelley Reid · 2010 · History In general, the Mamluk Sultanate was referred to at the time as the “Turkish state” or “dynasty” ( dawlat al-turk/atrak). In this period the emergence of the Ottoman Turkish dynasty challenged what remained of the Byzantine Empire, eventually absorbing the other Turkish domains in Anatolia, while the Turkic Mamluk Empire “The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries: Emergence of the Ottomans.” Ottoman Dress and Design in the West: A Visual History of Cultural Exchange, by Charlotte A. Jirousek and Sara Catterall, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, Indiana, USA, 2019, pp. 41–78. Mamlūk authors almost always refer to their Sultanate as " the state of the Turks " ( dawlat al - atrāk dawlat al - turk/ al - dawla al - turkiyya ) . They usually seem to be aware of the fact that the reign of the “ Turks " Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam,Volume 39 Magnes Press, The Hebrew University., 2012 The Mamluks (whose name denotes their slave status) were a quintessential Turkic military dynasty. Spannaus, Nathan. “HISTORY AND CONTINUITY: AL-AZHAR AND EGYPT.” Modern Islamic Authority and Social Change, Volume 1: Evolving Debates in Muslim Majority Countries, edited by MASOODA BANO, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 2018, pp. 79–101. What they did not know was that with Baybars, a new Turkish dynasty would unify the Islamic Middle East with an uncompromising commitment to jihad not seen since the days of Saladin “BETWEEN THE MAMLUKS AND THE MONGOLS: 1250–1260.” Accursed Tower: The Crusaders' Last Battle for the Holy Land, by ROGER CROWLEY, Yale University Press, NEW HAVEN; LONDON, 2019, pp. 40–50. He ended up assassinating the leading Mameluks, the Turkish dynasty that had held power since the 13th century. “Of Egypt and Levantine Plagues.” Free Trade’s First Missionary: Sir John Bowring in Europe and Asia, by Philip Bowring, Hong Kong University Press, 2014, pp. 73–82.
    2
  3307.  demir  o soy ağacının uydurma olduğu gayet açık
    2
  3308. Bijapur Sultanate 🇹🇷
    2
  3309. Greeks of Cyprus got ruled by non-Hellenic peoples in most of history😂😂😂😂
    2
  3310. ROMAN EMPIRE NOT BYZANTINE
    2
  3311.  @MindSeeker2341  unproven theory
    2
  3312.  @MindSeeker2341  1. Shah Abbas' famous palace historian Iskender Bey Muneshi (1560-1634) notes that Sheikh Safi is called a Turkish youth in his work. In this work, it is stated that during the trip to Shiraz, Persian sheikhs called Sheikh Safi as a Turkish youth. Emir Abdullah addresses Sheikh Sâfî as follows: -O Turkish youth! Thanks to your diligence, diligence and high deeds, your grace has reached our eyes until now. According to the same work, Persian sheikhs are not the only people who call Sheikh Sâfî a Turkish youth. Sheikh Zahid Geylani also mentions Sheikh Safi as a Turkish youth. 1666-1694 `` There is a work called / Silsiletü'n-Neseb-i Safevîyye / written on the lineage of the Safavids. Its author is Hüseyin Zahidî, son of Pizade Şeyh Abdal, descendant of Sheikh Zahid, who is the leader of Sheikh Safi. In both parts of this valuable work, Şeyh Sâfî was known as the Turkish piri. It is understood from the sources that the native language of Sheikh Sâfî in the black magazine, which is considered one of the main books of the Safeviyye order, is Turkish. It is clearly stated in the Kara Mecmua, which is considered as one of the main books of the Safeviyye order, that the native language of Sheikh Sâfî is Turkish and that his followers speak in this language. The famous safvetü's-Safa, on the other hand, introduces himself as the Turkish son of Sheikh Sâfî, Turk. “Pire Ahmed perniki Germrûdi told from Mevlana İsma'il (rh.a); he said: I was in the presence of Mawlana Izzeddin Merağı (rh.a.) and the sheikh (pbuh). He was busy with nice words. That twitter said, 'O community of caliphs! Pray to Hace Sadrettin that the throne of Sheikh Zahid and me, Turkoglu Turk, has won the throne for himself with his own power. '' The same event is described in the Turkish translation of Safvetü's-Sâfâ in Sheikh Sâfî tezkiresin: “Pire Ahmed of Bernik narrated; Who should be from Mawlana Ismail? He said: Marağalu Mevlana Izzeddin was the servant of Hazret-i Sheikh (k.s.) and His Holiness Sheikh (k.s.) was busy in the language-pezir word. In the middle of the word he said: Caliphs! Please pray to Hace Sadrettin who was the son of a Turk who took the throne of Sheikh Zahid and my menu place. '' There is an anonymous safevi history book written in Persian in 1675-76 AD: / Târih-i Alemara-yı Shah İsma'il / In this work, Eminüddin Cebrail, the father of Sheikh Safi, the ancestor of Shah Ismail and the founder of the Safavid order, is referred to as the Turkish dervish. Some of the Safavid sources recorded Turkish youth for the ancestor of Shah Ismai, Sheikh Safi. In his work titled Füthât-ı Şahî, heratlı İbrahim Emini, who is the historian of the Palace of Shah İsmail, is referred to as a Turkish piri and Turkish youth from Sheikh Sâfî.
    2
  3313.  @MindSeeker2341  Although the Ayyubids are a hybrid family, the state is a Turkish state in all aspects. Two eulogies written to Selahattin Eyyubi are clearly indicated. One of them is the following couplets in the work named "Müferricü'l Kürûb" written due to the conquest of Aleppo: "The Arab nation was glorified with the state of the Turks. The case of Ehl-i Salib (crusaders) was devastated by the son of Ayyub. " Another ode is the following verses in the work named "Fevâtu'l Vefeyât" written on the occasion of the conquest of Akkâ: "Praise be to God that the Crusader state was devastated. Islam has been glorified with the Turks! " … Selahattin Eyyubi's ancestors first appeared in Basra. Basra is one of the cities established after the Kadisiye victories. Among the immigrants who came and settled here during the governorship of Muğire bin Shu'be, there are also Ravvadis from Yemen. Selahattin's first known ancestors migrated from Yemen to Basra, and comes from the Ezd tribe, who are praised in hadith-i sharifs. Two generations later, in 758, their main name is called Ravvad bin el Müsenna al-Ezdi. During this period, they were taken from Basra by the Abbasid Caliph Abu Ja'far al Mansur and settled in lower Azerbaijan with his tribe. Selahattin's ancestors are now in Tabriz region. Ravvadis are Sunni. Therefore, they confuse with the Sunni Hezbâniyye Kurds, not with the Shiite Azeris. They live in Duvin, also known as Ecdânakan town of Dvin. Today, Dvin, which is in the territory of Armenia, still preserves its feature of being a historical place. This is where Selahattin Eyyubi's first Arab ancestors first mixed with the Kurds. They buy and give girls from Hezbâniyye Kurds who have settled in this region before. Kinship ties develop. Four generations later, the Ravvadis regard themselves as a branch of the Hezbaniye tribe. Revvâdîs who mixed with Hezbâniyye Kurds and became Kurds, XI. In the second half of the century, they entered the service of the Seljuks and gradually became a mixture of Arab-Kurdish-Turkish. Seljuk Sultan Muhammed Tapar in the first conquest periods of Islam in Anatolia; it makes them return to Iraq again. They settle in Tikrit castle, 80 km north of Baghdad, where there are wet and fertile lands. The main reason for this immigration is to avoid harassment and oppression of Christians, Russians, Abaza and Georgians. By migrating back to Iraq, they find both a safe and comfortable environment and large pastures for herds. Sultan; He first brought Selahattin's grandfather Marwan and his father Şazi to the Governorship of Tikrit due to the harmony, obedience and ability of the Ravvadis. Ravvadis serve the people fairly and the state sincerely. About Selahattin Eyyubi, there is also that Arab poets of the time did not know his Arab origin and praised him as a “Turk”. In an ode written for Selahattin after the conquest of Aleppo, it is stated as follows: “… The state of the Turks and the Arab nation were exalted. The attack of Ahli Salib was devastated by the hand of Eyyub's son ... " German Emperor II. While Wilhelm visited Jerusalem and its surroundings under Ottoman rule, he also visited Selahattin in Umayyad Mosque in Damascus. By printing a visit plaque on his behalf, he expresses his admiration by saying "I am here in front of the grave of Sultan Selahattin, the most heroic soldier of all time". Bidaye ve'n Nihaye, Ibn Kesir Ebu'l Fida Ismail b. Ömer, (nsr. C.J. Tomberg), I-XII, Beirut, 1965 al Kamil fi't History, Ibn Esir, Beirut-1995 Müferricü'l Kürûb Fî Ahbâri Beni Ayyub, Ibn Vâsıl, thk. Cemâleddîn al-Febbâl, Cairo-1953. Fevatü'l Vefeyât, Abu Abdillâh Saâhuddîn Muhammed b. Shakir b. Ahmed al-Kutubi, Daru'l Kutbi'l Ilmiyye, Beirut-2000 Saladin: The Politics of Holy War, M.C. Lyons and D.E.P. Jackson, Cambridge-1982 Ayyubid Architechture, Terry Allen, Chapter 3, California- 2003
    2
  3314.  @MindSeeker2341  Ottomans were Japonic-Tanzanian mix
    2
  3315.  @Καντηλαναυτης  how? It is Albanic language
    2
  3316. Great Turkish Commander not sogdian
    2
  3317. 🍼🍼🍼
    2
  3318. According to Chinese and Roman sources Hunnic/Xiongnu language was mutually intelligible with Tiele/Onogur so how tf they were being non-Turkic?
    2
  3319. The campaign also convinced Süleyman that large-scale operations of this kind could not secure more territory for him under the existing conditions of trans portation and warfare. He therefore agreed to a peace, mediated by Poland: Ferdi nand recognized the sultan as "father and suzerain." accepted the grand vezir as "brother" and equal in rank, and abandoned his claims to rule in Hungary other than those border areas that he had occupied since the original Ottoman conquest. Shaw, Stanford J., and Ezel Kural Shaw. History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey: Volume 1, Empire of the Gazis: The Rise and Decline of the Ottoman Empire 1280-1808. Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press, 1976. "In 1533 a peace was made, by which Ferdinand I acknowledged Ottoman suzerainty." Somel, Selcuk Aksin. The A to Z of the Ottoman Empire. No. 152. Rowman & Littlefield, 2010. "In June 1533 Ferdinand of Austria signed a truce with Suleiman i in which he recognized the Ottoman sultan as his 'father and suzerain,' agreed to pay an annual tribute" Erasmus, Desiderius. The Correspondence of Erasmus: Letters 2635 to 2802 April 1532-April 1533. Vol. 19. University of Toronto Press, 2019. "In June 1533, an agreement was reached under which Szápolyai remained inplace but the kingdom was divided between him and Ferdinand, both of whom ruled as Ottoman vassals." Faroqhi, Suraiya N., and Kate Fleet, eds. The Cambridge History of Turkey: Volume 2, The Ottoman Empire as a World Power, 1453–1603. Cambridge University Press, 2012 "Agreement between Suleyman and Ferdinand was reached on the 22 June 1533 with Poland acting as mediator . For the first time ever , a Habsburg had negotiated with the Infidel . Ferdinand recognized the Sultan as a “ father and suzerain” to whom he pledged his allegiance and tribute" "In feudal Europe this obligation was a sign of vassalage hence the generally accepted term of " the Porte's Vassal States , ” even if in a sense , we have to include some of the possessions of Ferdinand of Habsburg , who in 1533 agreed to pay a tribute for for Royal Hungary in return for peace" Castellan, Georges. History of the Balkans: from Mohammed the Conqueror to Stalin. East European Monographs, 1992.
    2
  3320. Jade 2muchSauce Corotalia?
    2
  3321. Nonetheless, many writers, politicians, and intellectuals in areas of the Balkans, such as Bulgaria, Greece, and Serbia, resonate with a terrific hostility to the Ottomans, the “Turks.” For many Bulgarians, the “Turk- ish” yoke until today stands out as the darkest, most deplorable period in Bulgarian history. Donald Quataert, State University of New York, Binghamton Book: The Ottoman Empire, 1700–1922 Published online: 05 June 2012 Print publication : 11 August 2005, pp 195-202
    2
  3322. Angryish
    2
  3323. 🇹🇷
    2
  3324. :0 wow equal
    2
  3325. Ottoman cannons😍
    2
  3326.  @Bolghar_wolf  Bulgarians are Serbian,Macedonian,Turkish,Greek,Albanian mix
    2
  3327.  @Bolghar_wolf  Bulgar warriors you moron not bulgarians😛😛😛 Bulgarians didn’t exist before 900 AD
    2
  3328.  @Bolghar_wolf  The term Turkic represents a broad ethno-linguistic group of peoples including existing societies such as Altai, Azerbaijanis, Balkars, Bashkirs, Chuvashes, Crimean Karaites, Gagauz, Karachays, Karakalpaks, Kazakhs, Khakas, Krymchaks, Kyrgyz people, Nogais, Qashqai, Tatars, Turkmens, Turkish people, Tuvans, Uyghurs, Uzbeks, and Yakuts and as well as ancient and medieval states such as Dingling, Bulgars, Alat, Basmyl, Onogurs, Shatuo, Chuban, Göktürks, Oghuz Turks, Kankalis, Khazars, Khiljis, Kipchaks, Kumans, Karluks, Bahri Mamluks, Ottoman Turks, Seljuk Turks, Tiele, Timurids, Turgeshes, Yenisei Kirghiz, and Huns, Tuoba, and Xiongnu.[24][25][26][27][28] An ethnolinguistic group (or ethno-linguistic group) is a group that is unified by both a common ethnicity and language. So we can say Turkic is one ethnicity just like German,French,Albanian,Bulgarian or Circassian.
    2
  3329.  @Bolghar_wolf  nice joke kid🤣🤣 Bulgars (< Turkic bulgha- ‘to mix, stir up, disturb’, i.e. ‘rebels’) A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian-Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiongnu (late 3rd cent. ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-820 Kubrat (Gk. Kobratos, called Kurt in the Slavo-Turko-Bulgar Imennik or Name-List of Khans, 20, derived from Turkic quvrat ‘to bring together’) Ruler of the *Onoghurs (Ononghundur) *Bulgars (c.605–42/65?). *John of *Nikiu (120, 47) reports that he became a Christian in ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-2674 Utrigurs (Utighurs) Oghur-Bulghar Turkic group, located south-east of the Don River, near the Sea of Azov, and traditional enemies of the related ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-4918 Bolgar, Tatarstan/Russia (Bulgar, Bulgar al-Cadid, Kuybyshev) By the 15th century it was known as Bulgar al-Cadid ‘New Bulgar’ after the Turkic-speaking Volga Bulgars. https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780191905636.001.0001/acref-9780191905636-e-8397 Bulgars, Turkic, also Proto-Bulgarians, Pra-Bulgarians, a pastoral people, originally living in Central Asia. Swept westward in the great movement of steppe peoples ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195046526.001.0001/acref-9780195046526-e-0850 Kuvrat (Κοβρα̑τος, according to Moravcsik, Byzantinoturcica 2:161f), khan of the Onogur Bulgars; died after 642. Patr. Nikephoros I mentions his revolt against the Avars and alliance with Herakleios; Kuvrat was granted ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100045529 Kubrat , of the royal Duloclan, ‘lord of the Ononghundur-Bulgars and Kotrags [Kutrigurs?]’ https://www.oxfordreference.com/search?q=Dulo+clan&searchBtn=Search&isQuickSearch=true Originally Asiatic nomads who inhabited the shores of the Black Sea at the end of the 5th century ad but after ad 679 they crossed the Danube and founded a state in the old province of Moesia. https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095534628 https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780199534043.001.0001/acref-9780199534043-e-582 They spoke Oghur-Bulghar Turkic and moved into the western Siberian steppe after the Huns left for Europe. https://www.oxfordreference.com/search?q=Saraghurs&searchBtn=Search&isQuickSearch=true The Volga Tatars live in the central and eastern parts of European Russia and in western Siberia. They are the descendants of the Bulgar and Kipchak Turkic tribes who inhabited the western wing of the Mongol Empire, the area of the middle Volga River. https://academic.oup.com/mbe/article/27/10/2220/963437 Chuvash is the sole living representative of the Bulgharic branch, one of the two principal branches of the Turkic family. https://oxford.universitypressscholarship.com/mobile/view/10.1093/oso/9780198804628.001.0001/oso-9780198804628-chapter-28 In the different classifications proposed so far, there is a wide consensus that the earliest split in the family was between the Bulgharic (also known as ‘Oghuric’) branch, which today only survives in Chuvash, and the Common Turkic branch, which is ancestral to all other contemporary Turkic languages. https://academic.oup.com/jole/article/5/1/39/5736268 Many Slavic tribes lived within the boundaries of the state, together with the proto-Bulgarians, a tribe of Turkic origin that had settled in the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 7th century. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boris-I The language of the European Huns is sometimes referred to as a Bulghar Turkic variety in general linguistic literature, but caution is needed in establishing its affiliations. https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/4CBA0E2CB74C8093EC1CA38C95067D55/S2513843X20000183a_hi.pdf/_div_class__title__Early_nomads_of_the_Eastern_Steppe_and_their_tentative_connections_in_the_West__div_.pdf In the Hunno-Bulgarian languages /r/ within a consonantic cluster tends to disappear https://projects.iq.harvard.edu/files/huri/files/vvi_n4_dec1982.pdf
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  3330. M Bayrak Xiongnu is Oghur Turkic language
    2
  3331. İyi mi kötü mü 🤨
    2
  3332. The ancient Hellenes were conquered by the Romans . Emperor Justinian destroyed the last vestiges of Hellenic civilisation , and state Christianity created a new civilisation on the ruins of the old . Koliopoulos, G. and Veremēs, T., 2007. Greece: the modern sequel. London: Hurst & Company, p.242. Hellenes as they were called, were persecuted by the enforcement of these general rules; Justinian endeavored, above all things, to deprive them of education, and he had the University of Athens closed in 529; at the same time ordering wholesale conversations. The Cambridge Medieval History volumes 1-5 by John Bagnell Bury, Paul Dalen (Goodreads Author) (Editor) And there is also evidence that the word 'Hellene' now meant 'pagan', and Justinian did conduct persecutions of Hellenes. The world of Classics in the sixth century was not entirely rosy. Scott, R., n.d. Byzantine chronicles and the sixth century Wow very “Hellenic” And don’t forget that the rulers were also NOT HELLENIC by origin
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  3333.  @seljukkaganat8588  mengwu tribe in shiwei was first mongolic people in history who were vassals of turkic, tungusic, sinitic and para-mongolic peoples before genghis khan🤣
    2
  3334. Articulated stereotypes of military prowess among non-Han typically took the form of statements such as Li Linfu's remark at court that "non-Han are skilled at fighting and brave" and, from a later eighth- century memorial, "Heaven gave birth to the Four Yi who are all skilled in warfare." Occasionally, different non-Han ethnic groups would be compared with one another, with the politically dominant group at the time asserted to be the most martial, such as a mid-eighth-century statement by a prominent Han frontier general that the Turks were more martial than other non-Han. Non-Han groups were often contrasted favorably with their Han counterparts, the latter being characterized, particularly after the seventh century, as mediocre soldiers or helpless farmers. Ethnic Identity in Tang China (Encounters with Asia) Hardcover – January 2, 2008 by Marc S. Abramson (Author) p.48
    2
  3335. 😳
    2
  3336. Khazaria,Pechenegs,Cumania,Golden Horde,Ottomans,Seljuks,Zengids,astralhan,crimea,safavids,caucassian khanates,afsharids,qajars Turkish🇹🇷states❤️❤️❤️ Also USSR is Russian empire of Chuvash Turk origin
    2
  3337. 🤨
    2
  3338. Ottomans😍
    2
  3339.  @tylerellis9097  The entire academia say they were Turkic which are based on tons of historical documents (we even know numbers in their language which is Oghur Turkic)
    2
  3340. TURKIC guy Tamerlane not mongol
    2
  3341. Viking Pride Newworldencyclopedia says Huns are Turkic stupid bastard
    2
  3342. 🤨🤨🤨🧐🧐🧐
    2
  3343. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
    2
  3344. We are living in Erdogan’s world
    2
  3345. Malum o... çocuğu buraya da damlar birazdan :))))
    2
  3346. Kurds didn’t exist in anatolia before Turks kiddo
    2
  3347. Celto-Germanic America :-)
    2
  3348. An Lushan Turkic😍
    2
  3349. NORTHERN CYPRUS 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
    2
  3350. @Бaй Ганю, I am very curious what are you smoking to see these hallucinations?
    2
  3351. Turkey
    2
  3352. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
    2
  3353.  @anotherhistoryenthusiast5874  Before the rise of Genghis Khan Mongolic was spreading at westward and absorbing Turkic speakers (Janhunen, 2008). During the Mongol expansion, Turkic speakers whose tribes and states had been incorporated into the Mongol empire were so much more numerous than Mongols that, although Mongolian was the language of command, it was Turkic rather than Mongolic speech that was chiefly spread across Central Asia and the central and western steppe. Antonio Benítez-Burraco, ‎Steven Moran 2018 p.92
    2
  3354. The reason that the Türks and other Turkic nomads were formidable warriors was that they were horse-archers. A horse-archer specifically denotes a mounted warrior armed with a bow who can shoot from horseback while riding. The Turkic nomadic warriors as well as the Mongols used the composite bow, which was made of horn, wood, and sinew. The composite bow was more accurate and had a better range and rate of fire than muskets and early firearms. The tactical principles of the Turkic horse-archers were based on the combination of fire power and mobility. yhe nomadic horse-archers shot in volleys, weakening the enemy before they charged. Ideally, they practiced "fire power in movement" like modern armies.Other things being equal, the horse-archers were often almost unbeatable on the open battlefields. Against them, sedentary soldiers were often helpless until the development of efficient battlefield handguns, including the repeating firearms (the firearms that could be fired repeatedly before being manually reloaded) in the seventeenth century.
    2
  3355. Khitans was not a Mongolic language
    2
  3356.  @Bayganu  Given the history of Bulgaria and the presence in the country of a large and fairly well - to - do minority , anti - Turkism is an easy and obvious means showing the patriotism of those in power .
    2
  3357.  @Bayganu  The propaganda of the Bulgarian schools is really funny :D All the historians in the world are laughing :D
    2
  3358.  @Bayganu  “except in the fantasy of Turks” Further support to this connection can be found in the charters of the Great Lavra of Mt. Athos from the end of the 12th century, which mention the monastery's problems with some of the Cuman stratiotes, where "Asen" is listed as the name of one of those Cumans.[19] "Пламен Павлов - Бунтари и авантюристи в средновековна България".
    2
  3359.  @Bayganu  Source = Your sister like always :D that’s why nobody takes Bulgurian kiddos 👶🏻 serious
    2
  3360.  @Bayganu  Honorable mention: At some point during the second half of the early eleventh century, after living for a long time among Turkic populations and studying their languages and traditions, Mahmud al-Kashghari produced a well-documented work about the "Turks." According to him, only the Qirqiz, the Qipchaq, the Oghuz and five other tribes spoke a pure Turkic language, while the languages of the Bulgars, Suvars and Pech enegs Bačänäk), while undoubtedly Turkic, had been altered by foreign influences. Mahmud al-Kashgari believed that initially there were very few differences between all those languages, all phonetical." He saw the linguistic fragmentation as a natural phenomenon, given the vast area, between the Byzantine and the Chinese frontiers, in which those peoples lived. Spinei, V., 2009. The Romanians and the Turkic nomads north of the Danube Delta from the tenth to the mid-thirteenth century. Leiden: Brill, pp.181, 182.
    2
  3361. Ching cheng hanji
    2
  3362.  @persianguy1524  source is your sister lmao
    2
  3363. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
    2
  3364.  @jonkras2737  Albanians were always under the foreign peoples🤣🤣
    2
  3365. Mongolic is language family just like Slavic and Serbi-Mongolic is big language family just like Balto-Slavic
    2
  3366.  @gk104411  Greek historian: Greece was Albanian, even today a half of Greeks are Albanians Maria Efthimiou, a professor of history at the University of Athens, awarded with honorary price by Greek Presidency is engaged in teaching in multiple fields, here she gives a lecture on Arvanites (Albanians) in Greece. Without making common terminology differences, Albanian or Arvanitas, Efthimiou talks about their role and the fact that Albanian language in Greece before two centuries was the first language in some regions. An interesting moment is the opening of schools in Greek language for Arvanites childrens in the island of Specas, where one of the teachers wrote that "while I was learning Greek, Albanian children were teaching me the Albanian language." "I learned Albanian in order to learn to them the Greek language" follows this moment. The lecture has its own communication value, it is not seen as the complex avoidance, bypass or even lie we have learned to think as criteria with which our neighboring Historiography operates. https://www.ocnal.com/2016/06/greek-historian-greece-was-albanian.html?m=1
    2
  3367. Naiman is Turkic language not mongolic
    2
  3368.  @Ahmed-cq4xu  nope
    2
  3369.  @scourgeofgodattila579  Arabic peoples always lost again Crusaders😹😹
    2
  3370.  @anonymuzz99  Ottomans was not a colonial empire
    2
  3371. Macedonians Muslim?
    2
  3372. The noblest of these nations that were not interested in science are the Chinese and the Turks. The Chinese are the largest of the peoples by number, the most imposing by kingdom, and the most considerable by territory. The domains they occupy are in the eastern parts of the inhabited world, between the equinoctial line to the extreme of the seven climates to the north. His share in knowledge (ma'rifa) is to surpass all nations in mastery of handicrafts and perfection of graphic arts. They are the most suffered of men in the prolonged effort, which the improvement of the works [supposes], as well as in enduring the harshness of the penalties in the perfection of the arts (sana'i"). As for the Turks, [they] also form a great nation with numerous troops and an imposing kingdom. The domains they inhabit are found between the eastern regions of Juräsän, [on the side] of the Islamic empire, the western regions of China, northern India, and the extreme north of the inhabited world. Their virtue is that they stand out and achieve supremacy in doing war, as well as in the elaboration of weapons; for they are the most skilful of men in horsemanship and [warfare] tactics, and the keenest of eyes for spearing, striking with the sword, and shooting arrows. Ahmad, A.S. ibn and Salgado, M.F. (1999) Libro de las categorías de las naciones: Vislumbres desde el islam clásico sobre la filosofía y la ciencia. Tres cantos: Akal., p.43
    2
  3373. We wuz Kangz
    2
  3374. In the classical Persian literary tradition – the entire vocabulary of which consists of stock phrases and images - "Turk' and 'Tajik' are stand-in terms for easily recognizable social stereotypes: one simple but violent; the other wily but civilized. Rūmi turns this on its head, however, in the following couplet: Attack upon attack came the darkness of night/Be strong like a Turk, not soft like a Tajik' (Yek hamleh va yek hamleh, āmad shab va tārīkī/chosti kon va "Torki' kon, na narmī va ‘Tājīkī'). Often ‘Turk' was also used to refer to the poet's beautiful young (unattainable) beloved, as in the following lines from Sa'di: 'Maybe they'll tell the King/"Your Turk (i.e., your Beloved) has spilled Tajik blood" (Shayad ke be padshah begüyand/Tork-e tö berikht khūn-e Tājīk), or elsewhere, 'Show your Tajik face, not Abyssinian black/That the Heavens may obliterate the face of the Turks' (Ru-ye Tājīkāna-t benmā, tā dagh-e habash/ Asman chehre-ye Torkān yaghma'i keshad). Since Turkic men often ‘married up’ and started families with Tajik women, the bloodlines tended to become increasingly mixed over the generations. (Recent DNA studies in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan have shown no notable genetic difference between modern Uzbeks and Tajiks.) And since children typically spent their first years within the harem, the influence of Tajik mothers in constructing the identity of their mixed-race children was surely much greater than is admitted in the patriarchal written sources of the time. Military figures in particular often made much of their tough Turkic heritage, even as they sought to demonstrate their own cultivation by speaking Persian and patronizing Persian courtly culture. The Tajik scribes, for their part, were naturally required to flatter their patrons, but they flattered themselves as well in whatever subtle ways they could. — Richard Foltz, Chapter 4, Tajiks and Turks, The Turk–Tajik symbiosis 😂😂😂
    2
  3375.  @brightburnedits4278  Iranians are genetically 9% Iranic 91% native🤣
    2
  3376. War is painful
    2
  3377. Vlad the idiot
    2
  3378. Long live Turkic peoples and countries❤
    2
  3379. The difference of Para-Mongolic and Mongolic is like Baltic and Slavic
    2
  3380. Turco-Mongol horse archers*
    2
  3381. Again Koraes' careful rhetoric, which matches his self-projection, seems to be in play; his classifications of“Greek slavery under the Romans” and “Greek slavery under the Ottomans” are closely linked a few lines below: Modern Greeks could justifiably boast more than Plutarch's contemporaries, when freed from the yoke of the savage tyrant, compared to which the Roman yoke could rightly be considered a luxury, and after they gain their freedom, they are willing to maintain it...16 Xenophontos, S., 2019. Brill's companion to the reception of Plutarch. Leiden: Brill, p.551. The whole of Greece was under foreign rule for many centuries,starting with the Roman conquest in the second century BC. What distinguishes the Ionian Islands from the rest of Greece is that, with some exceptions, they did not form part of the Ottoman Empire, while the rest of the Greek world was under Ottoman rule for anything between two hundred and five hundred years. The fact that these islands were ruled by Catholics rather than Muslims has made them strikingly different from the rest of Greece, in language, music, costume, cuisine and architecture. Hirst, A. and Sammon, P., 2014. The Ionian Islands. p.2. Au contraire , with the introduction of Christianity the Greeks of old Hellas , who in part had remained heathen , ranked as second - class citizens ; with the introduction of Christianity the Greeks of old Hellas , who in part had remained heathen , ranked as second - class citizens ; the word “ Hellene " in Byzantium had meant the same as " barbarian " since the third century . The representatives of Byzantium who spoke koine and who called themselves Rhomaioi ( " Romans ' , i.e. ' East Romans ' and not Greeks ), did not bother very much about the rural Greek-speaking popu-lation of Old Hellas, who spoke a tongue drawn from the dialects and sharply diverging from the high reputation of the koine. Décsy, G. (2000) The linguistic identity of Europe. Bloomington, IN: Eurolingua. p..203
    2
  3382. Vassals of Turkic peoples
    2
  3383. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
    2
  3384. Turks can understand 20-30% of Kazakh not 5%.
    2
  3385. All Turkics were war lovers just look at descriptions of Atrak from Arabic primary sources
    2
  3386. Parthians weren’t Persians
    2
  3387. The Iranians were really lucky. Had Julius Caesar lived a little longer, he would have conquered Persia again and would have been known as Alexander II :-)
    2
  3388. Make video about Battle of Preveza pls🌝
    2
  3389. India and Turkey
    2
  3390. Turkic is BEST 😍😍😍😍😍😍
    2
  3391. Yordan Yordanov In Turkish: Turkic=Türk Turkish=Türk Turk=Türk :)))
    2
  3392. Tulunids,Ayyubids,Bahris,Ottomans,Khedivate Turkish 🇹🇷
    2
  3393. Pls make Nader Shah the Great
    2
  3394. Attila khan iskit değiller xiongnu kökenliler
    2
  3395. blu Korean historians said that silla was xiongnu origin
    2
  3396. @ayaz Qx 🌝
    2
  3397. Romanian Nationalist thkns
    2
  3398. Balcums
    2
  3399. In fact, Turkic-speaking peoples have played a major role in Iranian history, ruling the country from the eleventh century up to the early twentieth. Even today they represent more than a quarter of Iran's population. Foltz, R. (2016) Iran in world history. Oxford etc.: Oxford University Press. p.61
    2
  3400. Second Bulgarian Empire was of Cuman origin from the Asen Dynasty,Cumans from Wallachia found your empire according to Oxford and Cambridge professors
    2
  3401. Keep dreaming Lol Bulgars (< Turkic bulgha- ‘to mix, stir up, disturb’, i.e. ‘rebels’) A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian-Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiongnu (late 3rd cent. ... ... https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198662778.001.0001/acref-9780198662778-e-820 Cambridge University Press https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=Ylz4fe7757cC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=proto+bulgars&source=bl&ots=vvGsuu2J3g&sig=ACfU3U2YuPKKdgVQKhoUi2fyDiC99n4N_Q&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiRqIaDlNvmAhWM-yoKHW38DDI4FBDoATAAegQIBRAB#v=onepage&q=proto%20bulgars&f=false Bulgarian Folk Customs https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=gh4IE6toGJMC&pg=PA23&lpg=PA23&dq=proto+bulgars&source=bl&ots=H_Egx7u6ET&sig=ACfU3U14btEOtGJQalvQ5XPEmaJO0HgkXA&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjx-I-Pl9vmAhWwl4sKHS8XBNM4ChDoATAJegQICRAB#v=onepage&q=Turkic&f=false Bulgaria Many Slavic tribes lived within the boundaries of the state, together with the proto-Bulgarians, a tribe of Turkic origin that had settled in the Balkan Peninsula at the end of the 7th century. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Boris-I Harvard University Press The Bulgars were a Turkic tribal confederation that gave rise to the Balkan Bulgar and Volga Bulgar states.The ethynonym derives from the Turkish bulgha-,”to stir,mix,disturb,confuse.” https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=c788wWR_bLwC&pg=PA354&redir_esc=y&hl=tr#v=onepage&q=Bulgars&f=false
    2
  3402. Bulgarians are SLAVIC peoples,south slavic nation
    2
  3403. Bulgarians (Bulgarian: българи, romanized: Bǎlgari, IPA: [ˈbɤɫɡɐri]) are a nation and South Slavic[53][54][55][56] ethnic group native to Bulgaria and its immediate region. Why you are dreaming too much and saying nonsense😂😂🤣🤣 Slavic doesn’t mean being blonde and blue eyed
    2
  3404. Bulgarians are %100 south slavic peoples with completely native european genes there is no argument about their slavic origin
    2
  3405. The Cumans were the founders of three successive Bulgarian dynasties (Asenids, Terterids and Shishmanids) and the Wallachian dynasty (Basarabids). They also played an active role in Byzantium, Hungary and Serbia, with Cuman immigrants being integrated into each country's elite. This book also demonstrates how the prevailing political anarchy in the Balkans in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries made it ripe for the Ottoman conquest. https://www.cambridge.org/tr/academic/subjects/history/european-history-1000-1450/cumans-and-tatars-oriental-military-pre-ottoman-balkans-11851365?format=AR&isbn=9780511110153
    2
  3406. Even Kingdom of Bulgaria founded by Germans not even bulgarians lol
    2
  3407. Turkic Bulgars and Cumans ruled bulgaria for very long time 😂😂😂
    2
  3408. Armenians didn’t even open their archives unlike Turkey
    2
  3409. npocToBaT I am talking about Turkic Bulgars not Slavic Bulgarians btw
    2
  3410. Turkey is best country
    2
  3411. Kosovo is A
    2
  3412. The arrival of the Turks in the Muslim world pushed Muslim power further into India. Of particular note is Mahmud of Ghazni (r. 997-1030), a Turkic sultan who was the first to lead military expeditions deep into India. By establishing himself as the leader of an autonomous state based in Ghazni in the Afghan highlands, he was close enough to India to focus much of his attention on the subcontinent. His seventeen military campaigns into northern India served as the basis of his rule, bringing wealth and power to him and his empire. While his raids were no doubt detrimental to local power and rule in India, he also established major cultural centers and helped spread Persian culture throughout his reign. The legendary Persian poet Firdawsi, who perhaps did more to revive ancient Persian culture than any other person after the country's conversion to Islam, and al-Biruni, a scientist, historian, geologist and physicist, were both mainstays of Mahmud's court. Because of his status as a patron of the arts coupled with his ruthless raids into India, Mahmud of Ghazni's legacy in India today is colored by modern politics as much as anyone else. Regardless of his legacy, Mahmud and the Ghaznavid Dynasty he founded laid the foundation for Muslim conquest in India. The succeeding dynasty, the Ghurids, also ruled out of Afghanistan, and managed to push their borders even further into India, capturing Delhi in 1192. The Ghurids relied on slave soldiers of Turkic origin who formed the core of their army, much like the contemporary Ayyubids further west in the Muslim world. Like their counterparts in Egypt, who established the Mamluk Sultanate, the slave soldiers in India eventually overthrew their masters and inaugurated their own dynasty: the Delhi Sultanate.
    2
  3413. 🇹🇷
    2
  3414. Does anyone have any idea about why Romanian music bands are more successful than others?
    2
  3415. 1:51 It is not generally accepted that Ghurids were of Pashtun or Iranian origin.
    2
  3416.  @AysKuz  Bunun politik bir yalan olduğunu ve 500k Türk’ün Ermeni çeteleri tarafından katledildiğini ne zaman anlayacaksınız? Almancıların har şeyi yanlış ne oy kullanın ne de yorum yapın siz.
    2
  3417. Simeon the Great was greatest enemy of Romans in 10th century though.
    2
  3418.  @demetriusstiakkogiannakes1326  Yes weak hellenic people, who didn't even have the ability to rule themselves :-)
    2
  3419.  @KAI-bk6vb  Saying eastern Romans were Greeks is completely bs and misinterpretation, it equals to saying Pontus Empire, Kushan Empire, Sultanate of Rum were also Hellenic empires or Chinggisid Empire, Chagatai Khanate and Ilkhanates were Turkic empires…
    2
  3420. Jacob Yonbo Zand dynasty used Turkish title Khan😂😂so it is turkish dynasty according to your logic
    2
  3421.  @nocommentarygaming3335  10000 Kurds in Manzikiert is literally Pan-Kurdish myth that no single scholar even believes.
    2
  3422. So call Greeks = Hellenized Neolithic Anatolian Farmers
    2
  3423. Before the rise of Genghis Khan Mongolic was spreading at westward and absorbing Turkic speakers (Janhunen, 2008). During the Mongol expansion, Turkic speakers whose tribes and states had been incorporated into the Mongol empire were so much more numerous than Mongols that, although Mongolian was the language of command, it was Turkic rather than Mongolic speech that was chiefly spread across Central Asia and the central and western steppe.
    2
  3424. Khazars believe that Togarmah had 10 sons called Ujur , Tauriks , Avar , Uauz , Bizal , Tarna , Khozar , Janur , Balgar and Sabir . These names coincide with different Turkic tribes which settled in the area around the Black and Caspian seas within the Khazarian Empire . Khari, R., 2007. Jats and Gujars. New Delhi: Reference Press, p.21. II. THE LETTER OF JOSEPH THE KING, SON OF AARON THE KING, THE TURK -MAY HIS CREATOR PRESERVE HIM-TO THE HEAD OF THE AS SEMBLY, HASDAI, THE SON OF ISAAC, SON OF EZRA-about 960 ... I wish to inform you that your beautifully phrased letter was given us by Isaac, son of Eliezer, a Jew of the land of Germany. [Isaac carried it through Germany, Hungary, and Russia to Chazaria.] You made us happy and we are delighted with your understanding and wisdom.... Let us, therefore, renew the dip lomatic relations that once obtained between our fathers, and let us transmit this heritage to our children. [Joseph believed the Chazars had once had diplomatic relations with the Spanish Arabs.] You ask us also in your epistle: "Of what people, of what family, and of what tribe are you?" Know that we are descended from Japhet, through his son Togarmah. [In Jewish literature Togarmah is the father of all the Turks.] I have found in the genealogical books of my ancestors that Togarmah had ten sons. These are their names: the eldest was Ujur, the second Tauris, the third Avar, the fourth Uguz, the fifth Bizal, the sixth Tarna, the seventh Chazar, the eighth Janur, the ninth Bulgar, the tenth Sawir. [These are the mythical founders of tribes that once lived in the neighborhood of the Black and Caspian Seas.] I am a descendant of Chazar, the seventh son. Jacob R. Marcus., 1999. The Jew in the Medieval World: A Sourcebook, 315-1791. pp.256, 257
    2
  3425. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
    2
  3426. If the Ottomans had been there before, they probably wouldn't have been able to colonize.
    2
  3427. Nevertheless, Turkic peoples share, to varying degrees, non-linguistic characteristics like cultural traits, ancestry from a common gene pool, and historical experiences.[1] Some of the most notable modern Turkic ethnic groups include the Altai people, Azerbaijanis, Chuvash people, Gagauz people, Kazakhs, Kyrgyz people, Turkmens, Turkish people, Tuvans, Uyghurs, Uzbeks, and Yakuts.
    2
  3428. There are many Turkic empires in this video❤❤❤
    2
  3429. #FreeSouthAzerbaijan
    2
  3430. Ottomans defeated your ancestors more than 7 battles Lol😅 and you are proud of only one battle
    2
  3431. Turkic Gigachad❤
    2
  3432. Ottoman dynasty❤❤❤
    2
  3433. I love your animations
    2
  3434. Bulgarian Warrior of Cuman origin
    2
  3435.  @thepersiannarration961  Ayyubids got Turkified according to even Iranica encyclopedia :)
    2
  3436. Turkic Gigachads😎
    2
  3437. Big Bang ben her yerdeyim
    2
  3438. 😮
    2
  3439. Alexander the Great butchered Iranians from the Zagros to the Syr Darya, Romans sacked Iran's capital numerous times, and post-Islamic Iran consists of getting trampled by Arabs, Turks, and Mongols.
    2
  3440. Corotalian Empire
    2
  3441. 1 hour video :0
    2
  3442. Hellenic kingdom
    2
  3443. Timur the Lamest Türkçe bilirsen?
    2
  3444.  @middleeastrenwarriormen1017  Wusun was Tocharic
    2
  3445. DESERT TIME
    2
  3446. Turkic languages pls
    2
  3447. But the Turks are as good as the Kharijites with the lance, and in addition, if a thousand of their horsemen are hard-pressed they will loose all their arrows in a single volley and bring down a thousand enemy horsemen. No body of men can stand up against such a test. [al-Jahiz] The Turks have become master of the realm/the world must fall silent and obey [al-Masudi]
    2
  3448. As late as the 1660s and 1670s, a Frenchman at the Safavid court could still write: “Turkish is the language of the armies and of the court; one speaks nothing but Turkish there, as much among the women as among the men, throughout in the seraglios of the great; this comes about because the court is originally of the country of this language, descended from the Türkmens, of whom Turkish is their native tongue.”7 Chase, K. (2003). Eastern Islamdom. In Firearms: A Global History to 1700 (pp. 112-140). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511806681.006 The Iranians thought the Turks coarse and uncouth, lacking any appreciation for poetry and the other fine arts. The Turks, on the other hand, looked down on the Persians as effete and unable to pacify and protect their own country. This conflict is said by one recent commen- tator to have been a major cause for the collapse of the regime. The Safavid emperors were never able to integrate the two types into a coherent, unified governing system." Blake, S. (1991). Courtly and popular culture. In Shahjahanabad: The Sovereign City in Mughal India 1639–1739 (Cambridge South Asian Studies, pp. 122-160). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Because of their military prowess , the Qizilbash regarded the principal offices of the Safavid state as their natural due . In their eyes the functions of a Tajik ( a pejorative term for non - Turk ) were “ to look after the accounts and divan business . Blake, S., 1999. Half the World: The Social Architecture of Safavid Isfahan, 1590-1722 Costa Mesa, Calif.: Mazda Publishers, p.7.
    2
  3449. Based
    2
  3450. 🐸
    2
  3451. Yapmasın mümkünse Türk olan birine persian yazan birisi
    2
  3452. Chad Turkic vs Virgin Germanic🤣
    2
  3453. There is no nation which so readily adopts foreign customs as the Persians. Thus, they have taken the dress of the Medes, considering it superior to their own; and in war they wear the Egyptian breastplate. As soon as they hear of any luxury, they instantly make it their own: and hence, among other novelties, they have learnt unnatural lust from the Greeks. “HERODOTUS”
    2
  3454. By 441, the I-Iuns under their military genius Attila, “the Scourge of God," were dominant in central Europe from the Caspian almost to the Rhine. They defeated the Eastern Roman Emperor Theodosius II, and the terrified Goths in their path believed the Huns were the offspring of the witches of Scythia who had copulated with the demons of hell .
    2
  3455. Sen gürcü değil misin
    2
  3456. Turkiye is. Erdogan is ruining everything now.
    2
  3457. By the end of the tenth century, with the Qarākhānid Turks conquering Sāmānid Central Asia and ushering in a millennium of Turkic rule across Iran and much of the Islamic World, the dynamic of the frontier had changed qualitatively. The Eastern Frontier: Limits of Empire in Late Antique and Early Medieval Central Asia (Early and Medieval Islamic World) Hardcover – June 27, 2019 The new cities were predominantly Muslim , and Iran became one of the most influential regions of Muslim intellectual activity . From around 1000 on the independent Iranian dynasties rapidly gave way to new dynasties of Turkic origin . Embree, A.T. (1988) Encyclopedia of Asian history. New York: C. Scribner's Sons. P.156
    2
  3458. the Arabic proverb cited by the North African analytic historian Ibn Khaldun of the fourteenth century: dawlah 'ind al-turk, din 'ind al-'arab wa adab 'ind al-furs Power (rests) with the Turk, religion with the Arab, and culture with the Persian.
    2
  3459.  @sanjarniyatov6922  why?They are Turki brothers
    2
  3460. Make video about Battle of Mohacs, Manzikiert, Ain Calut or Pliska :)
    2
  3461. Ottoman Pirates❤
    2
  3462. Aztecs > Spartans
    2
  3463. Free Turkic lands
    2
  3464. KURMANCÎ ÊRANSHAHR Learn the difference of persianate and persianized List of historical Persianate (or Persian-speaking) states/dynasties Based in Greater Iran Ghaznavids Great Seljuq Empire Khwarazmian dynasty Ilkhanate Timurid Empire Shirvanshah Safavid Empire Afsharid dynasty Zand dynasty Qajar dynasty Based in Asia Minor Sultanate of Rum Seljuk Empire Ottoman Empire Based in South Asia Delhi Sultanate Mamluk Sultanate (Delhi) Khalji dynasty Tughlaq dynasty Sayyid dynasty Lodi dynasty Bengal Sultanate Qutb Shahi dynasty (Golconda Sultanate) Mughal Empire Sur Empire Hyderabad
    2
  3465. Sad Berber/Coptic/Nubian noises .D
    2
  3466. Turkified Slavs
    2
  3467. Instan var mı?
    2
  3468. Turkey>>>Greece
    2
  3469. History of Azerbaijan Ever Year Please
    2
  3470. Dildo Paptisnutrella 🤣🤣🤣
    2
  3471. Even ancestors of Ottomans came to Anatolia with run away from Chinggisid invasions (Destruction of Khwarezmian Empire)
    2
  3472.  @calvinsuu1949  Before the rise of Genghis Khan Mongolic was spreading at westward and absorbing Turkic speakers (Janhunen, 2008). During the Mongol expansion, Turkic speakers whose tribes and states had been incorporated into the Mongol empire were so much more numerous than Mongols that, although Mongolian was the language of command, it was Turkic rather than Mongolic speech that was chiefly spread across Central Asia and the central and western steppe.
    2
  3473. Altaic peoples didn’t exist
    2
  3474. Peter the Great was Nordic with Turkic mother 😹😹😹 he was %0.00 Slavic
    2
  3475.  @aztaline5593  Turkic people destroyed Roman Empire all the time 🤣 Hunnic Empire, Avar Empire, Bulgar Empire, Great Seljuk Empire, Sultanate of Rum, Zengids, Beyliks and Ottoman Empire😅
    2
  3476.  @aztaline5593  Turkic rule in Ukraine is way older and longer than Slavic rule🤣
    2
  3477. Yes sir
    2
  3478.  @mehrdad5767  LÖL
    2
  3479.  @kokosifredi2030  lmao
    2
  3480. Make video about Turcopoles🌝
    2
  3481. Bilimin Sırları hindistanı epey uzun bir süre biz yönettik
    2
  3482. The Wock
    2
  3483. Bro you missed vassals :(
    2
  3484. King Levon VI Lusignan Qajar Empire
    2
  3485. Majority of Early Slavs were actually under the rule of Germanic, Turkic peoples and Roman Empire
    2
  3486. I hope
    2
  3487. This visionary Sultan, who ascended to the Ottoman throne in 1451, left an indelible mark on the world with his military genius and his grand vision of a vast and powerful empire. Mehmed II was not only a conqueror but also a statesman, Mehmed II was not only a conqueror but also a statesman, an architect, and a patron of the arts, whose achievements would shape the destiny of the Ottoman Empire.
    2
  3488.  @mardonrahimov1740  Turk bros :-)
    2
  3489. Alexander the Death
    2
  3490. Ottoman video again 🐸
    2
  3491. Asmoh They are against Harvard,Oxford and entire the world historians😂😂😂😂😂🤣🤣
    2
  3492. Turkey❤
    2
  3493. 🤨🤨🤨🧐🧐🧐
    2
  3494. 😂
    2
  3495. @@viles- N>R>Q>others
    2
  3496. Ottomans won 😍😍😍
    2
  3497.  @persianguy1524  In the classical Persian literary tradition – the entire vocabulary of which consists of stock phrases and images - "Turk' and 'Tajik' are stand-in terms for easily recognizable social stereotypes: one simple but violent; the other wily but civilized. Rūmi turns this on its head, however, in the following couplet: Attack upon attack came the darkness of night/Be strong like a Turk, not soft like a Tajik' (Yek hamleh va yek hamleh, āmad shab va tārīkī/chosti kon va "Torki' kon, na narmī va ‘Tājīkī'). Often ‘Turk' was also used to refer to the poet's beautiful young (unattainable) beloved, as in the following lines from Sa'di: 'Maybe they'll tell the King/"Your Turk (i.e., your Beloved) has spilled Tajik blood" (Shayad ke be padshah begüyand/Tork-e tö berikht khūn-e Tājīk), or elsewhere, 'Show your Tajik face, not Abyssinian black/That the Heavens may obliterate the face of the Turks' (Ru-ye Tājīkāna-t benmā, tā dagh-e habash/ Asman chehre-ye Torkān yaghma'i keshad). Since Turkic men often ‘married up’ and started families with Tajik women, the bloodlines tended to become increasingly mixed over the generations. (Recent DNA studies in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan have shown no notable genetic difference between modern Uzbeks and Tajiks.) And since children typically spent their first years within the harem, the influence of Tajik mothers in constructing the identity of their mixed-race children was surely much greater than is admitted in the patriarchal written sources of the time. Military figures in particular often made much of their tough Turkic heritage, even as they sought to demonstrate their own cultivation by speaking Persian and patronizing Persian courtly culture. The Tajik scribes, for their part, were naturally required to flatter their patrons, but they flattered themselves as well in whatever subtle ways they could. — Richard Foltz, Chapter 4, Tajiks and Turks, The Turk–Tajik symbiosis 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣 Read My favorite part once again: Be strong like a Turk, not soft like a Tajik' (Yek hamleh va yek hamleh, āmad shab va tārīkī/chosti kon va "Torki' kon, na narmī va ‘Tājīkī'). 😹😹😹😹
    2
  3498.  @persianguy1524  The Iranians thought the Turks coarse and uncouth, lacking any appreciation for poetry and the other fine arts. The Turks, on the other hand, looked down on the Persians as effete and unable to pacify and protect their own country. This conflict is said by one recent commen- tator to have been a major cause for the collapse of the regime. The Safavid emperors were never able to integrate the two types into a coherent, unified governing system." Blake, S. (1991). Courtly and popular culture. In Shahjahanabad: The Sovereign City in Mughal India 1639–1739 (Cambridge South Asian Studies, pp. 122-160). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    2
  3499.  @persianguy1524  You should stop showing the typicaI for an Iranic inferiority complex towards to Turks. It is too obvious. But since you are the nobodies of history, I can understand your pain.
    2
  3500.  @persianguy1524  ”Fifty thousand Persians in full armour and riding at full gallop could not buckle and route a single Minggan (thousand) of Turks” - Al Maqrizi
    2
  3501.  @persianguy1524  The Indo-Iranic population contributed 10-20% to the DNA of modern Western Iranians, who are otherwise mostly descended from the ancient native farmers of the region, exhibiting around 70% genetic continuity since the Chalcolithic Age (4500 BC). And these diaspoorsian people call us assimilated 🦎🦎🦎
    2
  3502.  @persianguy1524  As late as the 1660s and 1670s, a Frenchman at the Safavid court could still write: “Turkish is the language of the armies and of the court; one speaks nothing but Turkish there, as much among the women as among the men, throughout in the seraglios of the great; this comes about because the court is originally of the country of this language, descended from the Türkmens, of whom Turkish is their native tongue.”7 Chase, K. (2003). Eastern Islamdom. In Firearms: A Global History to 1700 (pp. 112-140). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    2
  3503.  @persianguy1524  1)language : how can Persians have civilization when they didn't have language? Old Persian is derived from Akkadian language and alphabet, and the official language of the Achaemenids was Aramic because Persian language is so underdeveloped to be used as a official language. Middle Persian is also from the Hetran arabic 2) Calander: the Later Avestan calendar, which might have been introduced on 27 March 503 B.C.E., is based on the much older Egyptian calendar, in use by the beginning of the third millennium. Both calendar systems operate within an invariable year of 365 days subdivided into twelve months of thirty days, plus five epagomenal days at the end of the year. Moreover, the first month of the Later Avestan calendar (Farvardīn) coincided at all times with the fourth month of the Egyptian calendar (Khoyak). Thus, the close connection between the two calendar systems seems firmly established (for a detailed discussion see Hartner, pp. 764-72) 3) Architecture: I think it is obviously clear that the Achmanid architecture is inspired by Mesopotamian one, or more likely copy paste. The architecture is clearly Mesopotamian and the cities of the Persian empire were built by Mesopotamian architects, not only Mesopotamian but Egyptians too!!! A ccording to the building inscription of Darius I from Susa, Egyptian architects and workmen took part in the building of Darius’ palace at Persepolis and worked the gold from Sardis and Bactria (DSf 35-37, 49-51 [Kent, Old Persian, p. 143]). The famous headless statue of Darius found at Susa, which is clearly Egyptian in style, should not be considered a “Persian” statue, though (Kervran et al.; Stronach; Porada, pp. 816-18; Calmeyer, p. 296 with a synoptic summary of Egyptian and Persian elements on the statue). Rather, it is a product of Egyptian workmanship which was imported into Persia (Helck, p. 867 n. 13). The wording of the Old Persian inscription on the statue’s base leaves no doubt that the order for its making had been given by Darius (to Egyptian artists) while he was in Egypt (for the possible time of Darius’ stay in Egypt see Hinz and contra Tuplin, pp. 247-56; Calmeyer, p. 286 Anm. 1). Works like the Apadāna reliefs in Persepolis, where the monumental size of the king’s figure as well as the shape of the blossoms in the flowers held by the king and crown prince, are influenced by Egyptian traditions (Porada, p. 819). 4) Religion: Babylonian influence on the religious thought and the actual practices of worship in ancient Iran proved fertile in the meeting between the Iranian Magi and the Chaldeans, especially in Achaemenid Babylonia. References to this meeting are to be found in classical Greek and Latin sources (see G. Messina, Der Ursprung der Magier und die zarathuštrische Religion, Rome, 1930, pp. 48ff.; J. Bidez and F. Cumont, Les Mages hellénisés, Paris, 1938, I, pp. 34ff.) and an analysis of all the available sources enables us to reconstruct a fairly exhaustive picture of the influence of Mesopotamian religious thought on the doctrines of the Magi (see M. Boyce, op. cit., pp. 28ff., 66ff., 196ff., 201ff.). The three great Iranian divinities Ahura Mazdā, Miθra, and Anāhitā appear in Achaemenid inscriptions starting from the reign of Artaxerxes II (404-359 B.C.). As regards Anāhitā, we know from Berossus, quoted by Clement of Alexandria (C. Clemen, Fontes historiae religionis persicae, Bonn, 1920, p. 67), that it was Artaxerxes II himself who ordered images of Aphrodite Anaitis to be set up throughout his vast territories—in Babylon, Susa, Ecbatana, Persepolis, Bactra, Damascus, and Sardis—and who spread the worship of his new goddess. According to Herodotus (1.131) it was the “Assyrian” and “Arabian” influence which was supposed to have led to the spreading of the cult of Aphrodite Urania among the Persians. All this evidence points to Mesopotamian influence on the cult of Anāhitā, and it is probable that the Assyrian Ištar and the Elamite Nanā were forerunners of the Iranian goddess (cf. G. Gnoli, “Politica religiosa,” pp. 31ff.) Btw most of these are from Iranica so it is Iranian web page not some anti Iranian thing
    2
  3504.  @persianguy1524  There is no nation which so readily adopts foreign customs as the Persians. Thus, they have taken the dress of the Medes, considering it superior to their own; and in war they wear the Egyptian breastplate. As soon as they hear of any luxury, they instantly make it their own: and hence, among other novelties, they have learnt unnatural lust from the Greeks. “HERODOTUS”
    2
  3505.  @persianguy1524  In fact, Turkic-speaking peoples have played a major role in Iranian history, ruling the country from the eleventh century up to the early twentieth. Even today they represent more than a quarter of Iran's population. Foltz, R. (2016) Iran in world history. Oxford etc.: Oxford University Press. p.61 Homa Katouzian, "Iranian history and politics", Published by Routledge, 2003. p. 128: "Indeed, since the formation of the Ghaznavids state in the tenth century until the fall of Qajars at the beginning of the twentieth century, most parts of the Iranian cultural regions were ruled by Turkic-speaking dynasties most of the time.
    2
  3506.  @persianguy1524  The Azerbaijanis derive in part from a heritage of Turkic rule over Iran, during most of the past 1,000 years. Iran adopted the Shi'a version of Islam under the rule of the Safavid Azerbaijani Turks beginning in 1500. The Turkic Qajar Dynasty (1779–1924) controlled all of present-day Iran and extensive territory in the Caucasus and Central Asia. When Colonel Reza Khan Pahlavi overthrew the Qajars, he promoted Persian language, culture, and identity at the expense of Azeri Turkish. Zartman, J.K. (2020) Conflict in the modern middle east: An encyclopedia of Civil War, Revolutions, and regime change. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. p.136 In Safavid Iran, tensions between Iranian bureau-crats and Turkic soldiery were well-known. Iran proper had been under Turkic rule , in one form or another , since Ghaznavid and Seljuk times . This tradition largely continued under the Afshar ( 1736-1796 ) and Qajar ( 1779-1925 ) dynasties . Johanson, L. and Bulut, C. (2006) Turkic-Iranian contact areas: Historical and linguistic aspects. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. p.32, 33
    2
  3507.  @persianguy1524  This list of qualities reads like a catalogue of all that he found wanting in the Persians he met.29 His view was that Persia had no real nobility; by that he ruled out the Turkman military élite which had monopolized all the pro- vincial governments and most of the important offices since Safavid rule began at the beginning of the sixteenth century. He was contemptuous of their aristocratic pretensions; their coarse, ignorant behaviour confirmed their origins as mere soldiers of fortune and Turkish at that. Persians-real Persians who lived under that intolerable subjection, and could trace their descent back beyond the Turkman supremacy-he saw in a different light.30 This was not simply a reflection of della Valle's snobbish concern with pedigree; there was still a marked distinction between these different elements in Safavid society. Pietro della Valle: The Limits of Perception J. D. Gurney Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London Vol. 49, No. 1, In Honour of Ann K. S. Lambton (1986), pp. 103-116 (14 pages) Published By: Cambridge University Press
    2
  3508. Agha or Nader did not give anyshit about Persians
    2
  3509. Homa Katouzian, "Iranian history and politics", Published by Routledge, 2003. p. 128: "Indeed, since the formation of the Ghaznavids state in the tenth century until the fall of Qajars at the beginning of the twentieth century, most parts of the Iranian cultural regions were ruled by Turkic-speaking dynasties most of the time.
    2
  3510. Turks ❤️❤️❤️
    2
  3511. Saladin was a relatively mediocre general losing numerous battles such as Acre, Arsuf, Belvoir, Tyre, Kerak out of which the defeats at Jaffa & Montgisard are particularly embarassing ones
    2
  3512. Turkey going to f! Greece
    2
  3513. Ottoman eastern Anatolia was populated by a large number of Shiites-an inviting audience to the Safavids. Shah Ismail, an ethnic Turcoman, like much of the population of these Ottoman provinces, reached out to the Shiites with a message of revolt. Difficult to rule on the best of days, the nomadic Turcoman tribes idolized Shah Ismail, undermining Ottoman authority over entire areas of Anatolia. En- couraged by Shah Ismail, insubordination grew into an uprising in 1511. Rashba, G.L. (2013) Holy wars: 3,000 years of battles in the holy land. Havertown, PA: Casemate Publishers, p. 130. This list of qualities reads like a catalogue of all that he found wanting in the Persians he met.29 His view was that Persia had no real nobility; by that he ruled out the Turkman military élite which had monopolized all the pro- vincial governments and most of the important offices since Safavid rule began at the beginning of the sixteenth century. He was contemptuous of their aristocratic pretensions; their coarse, ignorant behaviour confirmed their origins as mere soldiers of fortune and Turkish at that. Persians-real Persians who lived under that intolerable subjection, and could trace their descent back beyond the Turkman supremacy-he saw in a different light.30 This was not simply a reflection of della Valle's snobbish concern with pedigree; there was still a marked distinction between these different elements in Safavid society. Pietro della Valle: The Limits of Perception J. D. Gurney Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London Vol. 49, No. 1, In Honour of Ann K. S. Lambton (1986), pp. 103-116 (14 pages) Published By: Cambridge University Press
    2
  3514. We don’t know if it is truth or speculation
    2
  3515. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
    2
  3516. I LOVE TIMELINE VIDEOS 😍
    2
  3517.  @tenshi4124  You can only learn it from Pontic speakers, not from Google though
    2
  3518. Ottomans🌝
    2
  3519. Hmong mien?
    2
  3520. Japan :0 no
    2
  3521. Who was best Celtic Warrior in history ?
    2
  3522. Hassan Abdulsalam You are arabic indic mix
    2
  3523. Mirena Nalbantova He was Tengrist Turk Khaganate,later slavic tsardom
    2
  3524. Ottomans Empire❤
    2
  3525. Wow :0 Best video of 2012 Youtube
    2
  3526. Hellenic states of the Seleucids, Macedonia, Achaean League, Aetolian League, Kingdom of Pergamon, Ptolemaics etc. all got destroyed by Roman Empire which resulted as ending of Hellenistic era and post Roman Greece was basically a playground for Romans, Turks, Slavs, Albanians, Thracians, Illyrians, Armenians, Italians and Germanic peoples as we all know Hellenic rule in Greece broadly ended with the Roman conquest of Greece resulting with a dominant Roman, Turkic, and Germanic rule whereas only 3 short lived Hellenic dynasties, Komnenids, Angelids and Laskarids, managed to rule Grece Foreign rule in Greece; Achaemenid dynasty (Iranic) Nerva–Antonine dynasty (Italic) Severan dynasty (Punic) Gordian dynasty (Celtic) Decian dynasty (Illyrian) Valerian dynasty (Italic) Caran dynasty (Illyrian) Constaninian dynasty (Illyrian) Valentinian dynasty (Illyrian) Theodosian dynasty (Hispanian) Leonid dynasty (Thracian) Justinian dynasty (Illyrian) Heraclian dynasty (Armenian) Isaurian dynasty (Armenian) Nikephorian dynasty (Arabic) Dulo dynasty (Turkic) Krum’s dynasty (Turkic) Amorian dynasty (Jewish) Macedonian dynasty (Armenian) Phokas dynasty (Armenian) Doukid dynasty (most likely Armenian) Diogenes dynasty (most likely Armenian) Principality of Arbanon (Albanian) Principality of Valona (Slavized Turkic) Duchy of the Archipelago (Italian) Kingdom of Cyprus (Germanic) Kingdom of Thessalonica (Germanic) Empire of Thessalonica (most likely Armenian) Latin Empire (Germanic) Asenid dynasty (Slavized Turkic) Duchy of Athens (French) Duchy of Neopatras (Spanish) Marquisate of Bodonitsa (Germanic) Lordship of Argos and Nauplia (Germanic) Lordship of Salona (Germanic) Lordship of Chios (Italian) Knights Hospitaller of Rhodes (Germanic) Principality of Achaea (French) Palaiologos dynasty (most likely Italic) Nemanjic dynasty (Slavic) Despotate of Arta (Albanian) Despotate of Ioannia (Albanian) League of Lezhe (Albanian) Vojivonic dynasty (Slavic) Venetian dominions in Greece (Italian) Principality of Lesbos (Italian) Kingdom of Candia (Italian) Kingdom of Ioanian Islands (Italian) Kingdom of the Morea (Italian) Triarchy of Negroponte (French) Ottoman dynasty (Turkic) Pashalik of Berat (Albanian) Pashalik of Yanina (Albanian) Pashalik of Scutari (Albanian) Septinsular Republic (Italian) House of Wittelsbach (Germanic) United States of the Ionian Islands (Germanic) Principality of Samos (Slavic)
    2
  3527. Hehe
    2
  3528. Modern day Greeks = Hellenized Minoans, Pelasgians, Anatolians, Levantines, Italians, Kartvelians, Illyrians, Thracians, Slavs, Albanians with very small Hellenic (Steppe) blood.
    2
  3529. Turks indeed had a decisive role in triggering historical major events like the Migration Period, Crusades, Age of Discovery as well as ending the Middle Ages with the conquest of Constantinople, fall of the Roman Empire.
    2
  3530. Alex Plays m Roblox greeks are immigrant, greek dna is in greece and also greece dna is not just greek Dna of west asia is Turkic and ancient persian according to Myheritage Dna You are not west asian sorry
    2
  3531. Dc var mı
    2
  3532. Yep :-)
    2
  3533. 🤣🤣🤣
    2
  3534. Turkey?
    2
  3535. Her yerdesin aga
    2
  3536. Elif Nur Sahin Merhaba,sen de tarihe meraklısın galiba :D
    2
  3537. Albanized Turkish leader
    2
  3538. Elif Nur Sahin Türk tarihi kişiliklere yunan arnavut iranlı ermeni kürt çinli vs. diyorlar :(((
    2
  3539. Armenians got ruled by foreigners in big part of history
    2
  3540. Germany and Turkey
    2
  3541. Make video about Old Turkic too 🌝
    2
  3542. Most hated State: Turkey
    2
  3543. Almost All Crusader states got conquered by Turks County of Edessa->Nuraddin Zangi County of Antioch->Baibars County of Jaffa and Ascalon->Baibars Lordship of Sidon->Baibars County of Tripoli->Al Mansur Qalawun Lordship of Tyre->Al Ashraf Khalil Kingdom of Jerusalem->Al Ashraf Khalil Duchy of Athens-> Turahanoğlu Ömer Bey Despotate of the Morea-> Mehmed the Conqueror Duchy of the Archipelago-> Selim II
    2
  3544. Syria 9-10
    2
  3545. Altaic is sprachbund
    2
  3546. Ural-Altaic is also a sprachbund
    2
  3547. Turkish States Tulunid Empire Ikshidid Empire Mamluks Ottomans Khedivate of Egypt
    2
  3548. Cold Turkic land
    2
  3549.  @albaraqahtani  Neither Rashidun not Umayyad is a global empire. You pan-Islamists are making very foolish arguments. The Ottomans ruled 3 continents for 400 years, how did they become a superpower for 70 years? They also ruled Hungary for 180 years, something you could never do. Do not forget that an Islamic empire in Europe has survived for such a long time, won over 200 battles and destroyed more than 15 states in the European continent alone. No historian would even argue that the Ottomans were the best Islamic state.
    2
  3550.  @BoliceOccifer  Romans were better but Roman Empire got ruled by many different ethnicities and dynasties unlike Ottoman Empire
    2
  3551. Turks like Khazars,Tulunids and Ikshidids came Anatolia before Seljuks
    2
  3552. Happy Finngolians😮
    2
  3553. Turkmen Lion
    2
  3554. York artık :0
    2
  3555. Your ornament is Turk :D
    2
  3556. Egyptians lmao
    2
  3557. Bro you missed vassals
    2
  3558.  @Haryad-11 😂
    2
  3559. Saladin and his army conquered Jerusalem and made war in the Middle East as an alien power - alien in religion from the Christian majority and both ethnically and culturally alien from the indigenous Greek-, Armenian-, Syriac- (that is, Aramaic-) and Arabic-speaking population. Saladin himself was a Turkified Kurd who began his career serving the Seljuk Turks, who were invaders from Central Asia, and his 19 army at Jerusalem was Turkish, though with a Kurdish element. The Turks looked down on the Arabs whose rule in the Middle East they had replaced, and the Arabs viewed the Turks with bitter contempt; nor is there much evidence of the Arab knights learning Turkish, the language of their military overlords, nor that the Turks learned much Arabic' 20 Haag, M., n.d. The tragedy of the Templars.
    2
  3560.  @mihailnikoloff2554  at least they had Serbian rulers not Turk rulers like Bulgars and Cumans🤣🤣
    2
  3561. Taliban Taliban Taliban Taliban Taliban
    2
  3562. In 1867, Abdülaziz, with his pehlivan janissary entou- rage, toured Western Europe and impressed French Empress Eugénie, wife of Napoleon III, who then uttered the expression “fort comme une Turc” (strong like a Turk).
    2
  3563. Turks ruled your grandmothers🐰
    2
  3564. Arabs were vassals of Rome and Iran before Islam and Ilkhanates/Ottomans after Fatimids
    2
  3565. Jarab history be like
    2
  3566. Austria-Germany
    2
  3567. Turks stronk❤
    2
  3568. Özetle ?
    2
  3569.  @ghostofathens6600  Greeks were not natives of anatolia and byzantine was %100 Roman not greek 😂😂😂
    2
  3570.  @SenhorSavoi  not greek
    2
  3571.  @zaraustravaejah8488  “Previous genetic studies have generally used Turks as representatives of ancient Anatoliana. Our results show that Turks are genetically shifted towards Central Asians, a pattern consistent with a history of mixture with populations from this region. These diversity patterns observed in the PCA motivated formal testing of admixture in Armenians and other regional populations.” https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2015/02/18/015396.full.pdf “In addition, although some degree of genetic continuity could be expected in Anatolia (i.e. in modern Turks), it should be noted that modern Turks are a hybrid population, comprising of the original Anatolian stock, Turkic people (i.e. of Central Asian ancestry). This is surely reflected in the modern Turkish Y-DNA” https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179474 Moreover, results pointed out that language in Anatolia might not have been replaced by the elites, but by a large group of people. Therefore, it can be concluded that the observations do not support the elite dominance model of Renfrew (1987 ; 1991). http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607764/index.pdf
    2
  3572.  @zaraustravaejah8488  what about your your %70 Elamite/Kassite ancestry😅😅
    2
  3573.  @zaraustravaejah8488  Speaking like a true broken tape recorder.And this pan-Iranist madness is a very new phenomenon who go on like rabid dog s day-dreaming and claiming anything even if something is remotely discussed under academic circles to have links and what not. Nobody has even properly defined such terms and its well known that these are mere speculations with no way too proove it.And not of some imaginary race which nobody talked about up until the rise of pan-Iranism. Stop reading Mullah’s propaganda literature. Some of these claims are outright hilarious. 😆😂
    2
  3574.  @zaraustravaejah8488  half of Turkish is what😅😅🤣🤣 Origin of the words in Turkish vocabulary, which contains 104,481 words, of which about 86% are Turkish and 14% are of foreign origin 🤣🤣😅😅😅
    2
  3575. Turks > Crusaders
    2
  3576. 0:38 (Maternally not Paternally)
    2
  3577. And also Babur was never called himself or his state as Mughal. Mughal is British spelling.
    2
  3578. The first Cossacks were of Turkic rather than Slavic stock . (Cambridge University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=LFCM2Ai0FBcC&pg=PA31&dq=and+the+first+Cossacks+were+of+Turkic+rather+than&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiI0uOctKnpAhW4wcQBHfbUBE8Q6AEIJTAA#v=onepage&q=Turkic&f=false proper name Cossack , the Turkish tribe https://www.oxfordreference.com/search?q=proper+name+Cossack+%2C+the+Turkish+tribe&searchBtn=Search&isQuickSearch=true According to Adzhi, while the majority of the Turkic peoples of Russia were Kipchaks and Khazars, Turkic Cossacks became the eastern Slavs. According to old Cossacks chronicles they were Turkic(Khazar) origin. Some researchers have unconvincingly contended that many Cossacks have Khazar origins. Thus, Joseph Elias in his Memoirs of a Russian Zionist (Tel Aviv, 1955, Hebrew) tells of meetings with Jewish Cossacks of the Tzarist army who had a tradition of direct Khazar descent. More specific is the record of the Cossack writer D. of genesis for a Cossack-Little Rossian nation that divides it off from the Russians both through Khazar origins and the Cossack element [2] The connection is in part supported by old Cossack ethnonyms such as kazara (Russian: казара), kazarla (Russian: казарла), kozarlyhi(Ukrainian: козарлюги), kazare (Russian: казарре); cf. N. D. Gostev, "About the use of "Kazarа" and other derivative words," Kazarla ethnic magazine, 2010, №1. (link) The name of the Khazars in Old Russian chronicles is kozare (Ukrainian: козаре). although later Cossack sources claimed Khazar origin.[3][4] 3^ "Dogovor i postanovlenie mezhdu Get'manom Orlikom i voiskom Zaporozhskim v 1710", in: Chteniia v Imperatorskom obshchestve istorii i drevnostei rossiiskikh (Moscow 1858) 4^ Ustnoe povestvovanie byvshego zaporozhtsa, zhitelya Yekaterinoslavskoi gubernii i uezda, sela Mikhailovskogo, Nikity Lyeontʹevicha Korzh [Oral Narrative of the Former Zaporozhian Cossack, a Resident of the Mikhailovsky Village in the Province of Yekaterinoslav, Nikita Leontovich Korzh]. Odessa: 1842. According to the tradition of deriving the origin of the state or people from a certain people of antiquity, the Cossack chroniclers of the 18th century advocated the Khazar origin of the Cossacks.[7] 7^Ure, John (1999). The Cossacks. Constable. https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=A2kiAQAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y Gggggggg
    2
  3579. 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
    2
  3580. Very Sad Ottoman noises
    2
  3581. 7:28 😂
    2
  3582. Turks ruled Egypt for centuries awesome!
    2
  3583.  @kevan338  Kurdish is divided into three or four groups, where dialects from different groups are not mutually intelligible without acquired bilingualism.[25][26]
    2
  3584.  @kevan338  Kurmanji and Sorani are not mutually intelligible; they differ from each other at basic structural levels as well as in vocabulary and idioms. For instance, unlike Kurmanji, Sorani has no future tense in the present habitual or progressive verb (Thackston 2006). Sorani, to date, is the second official language of Iraq, and it is spoken by approximately 11 million Kurds scattered mainly across Northern Iraq and Western Iran.
    2
  3585. Mongolic languages*
    2
  3586. Türkiye adıyaman urfa falan oralar
    2
  3587. Adolf Hitler 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣 Abone ol bu arada yeni video atıcam
    2
  3588.  @ottomanmapper3502  😹😹😹😹
    2
  3589.  @scourgeofgodattila3827  Yıl 800 https://images.app.goo.gl/RiAkx8ruLn7qP2HP8 Üniversite ve Ansiklopedi kaynaklarıma göre Türkler Mançurya’dan Francia’ya kadar dünyayı yönetirken kürtler abbasilerin altında🤣🤣🤣🤣😹😹😹😹😹😹🤣😂😂😂😂
    2
  3590. Nevertheless, history tells that in Mongolia itself the Jenghiz-Khanites Mongolized many apparently Turkic tribes: the Naiman of the Altai, the Kerayit of the Gobi, and the Ongiit of Chahar. Before the unification under Jenghiz Khan which brought all these tribes under the banner of the Blue Mongols, part of present-day Mongolia was Turkic; indeed, even now a Turkic people, the Yakut, occupy northeastern Siberia, north of the Tungus, in the Lena, Indigirka, and Kolyma basins.
    2
  3591. Almost nothing is now known of Osman, founder of the House of Osman, the man remembered as the first of the Ottoman sultans. “Osman Bey appeared,” stated a laconic chronograph, later. No one knows when or where he was born, and for a long time not a single artefact existed that could be confidently dated to his lifetime. Now two coins have come to light, one in a private collection in London and the other in the Istanbul Archaeological Museum, inscribed Osman ibn Ertugrul.4 Even his name is the subject of some controversy. The Greek historian Pachymeres,5 who gave us the description of the Sangarius flood and is the one contemporary writer to mention Osman’s name, did not call him Osman at all but rather Ataman. The surprising notion that Osman had another name finds support in two later sources, one an armchair geography written around 1350 in Arabic and the other a biography of the Muslim saint Haji Bektash, circa 1500. Ataman is a Turkish name or maybe Mongol, while Osman is impeccably Muslim, the Turkish form of the Arabic ‘Uthman – as in the companion of the Prophet Muhammad, the third Caliph of Islam. This has led to some suspicion that our Osman, or Ataman, the Ottoman, might have been born a pagan, that he may have taken his new name Osman later when he became a Muslim. But if this were true, if Osman were indeed a convert to Islam who changed his name, why would his sons have kept their genuinely Turkish names, who were Muslims beyond any doubt?6 From what Pachymeres wrote, about the only thing we can surmise of the Turk he called Ataman is that he was a warrior. With the Sangarius (Sakarya) River raids and the victory at Bapheus, Turkish warriors came from far and wide to join him.7 Ataman laid siege to Nicaea and, though he was not able to take the city, subjected the surrounding area to raids, killing many, taking some captive, the tur ish flood 9 and scattering the rest. He did take several other fortresses and fortified towns in the Sangarius valley, using them to store his plunder. Howard, D. (2017). A History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press., pp 8-9
    2
  3592.  @Anarshyyyy  IMO calling the Ottoman Empire "Third Rome" or "Continuation of Byzantine Empire" is Eurocentrist. It's pretty much denying the Turks their historic reality of creating an Empire and implying that "only Europeans could have created that empire anyway. Turks couldn't have." "But Ottomans used Caesar as a title!" A secondary title. Ottomans used myriads of titles. Their top 3 main titles were Sultan, Padishah and Khagan. Arabic, Persian and Turkic in order. These peoples had nothing to do with Romans. "But some Ottoman sultans had Roman heritage!" They couldn't care less about it. They traced their heritage back to a mythological version of a Xiongnu Chanyu (Oghuz Khagan) rather than to Augustus or Caesar. Which is uniquely a Turkmen tradition rather than Roman. "But Ottomans adopted some Roman traditions such as population control!" British Raj literally continued the Caste system rather than abolishing it. Doesn't make the British Empire an "Indian Empire". My take on the Ottoman Empire is that it is an Empire that incorporated Turkic, European and West Asian features into it. But at its core, the Ottoman Empire was a Turkic Empire. Had its core been a person he'd have been a steppe nomad in Western Anatolia. Not a Roman in a toga.
    2
  3593.  @Anarshyyyy  ATRAK and TURKIYYA as relating to the Ottomans and their Like in the Mamlük Sources The names turk and atrak as designating the Mamlüks have lasted up to the very end of the Mamlük sultanate. The Ottomans, their state, and their lands have other names in the Mamlük sources. Even during their conquest of Syria and Egypt the Ottomans are called Uthmaniyya, rüm (or arwüm), and quite frequently taräkima or turkmän." However, atrāk and turkiyya in connection with the Turkish speaking peoples and their lands in and about Anatolia do appear in those sources, albeit very rarely. Already Ibn Fadl Allah al-Umari, in the first half of the fourteenth century, speaks about mamlakat al-atrak bil-rum and bilad al-aträk bil-rüm. A later historian of the mid-fifteenth century, Ibn Taghribirdi, calls those lands al-turkiya, biläd al-turkiyya, and barr al-turkiyya, in connection with the import of wood and flour from Iljün and the supplying by sea of the Mamluk forces fighting the Turkmen Shāh Siwar.¹
    2
  3594. Ottoman legitimacy drew on Turco-Mongol and Islamic precedents. Fleischer sees the Ottoman Empire as a 'unique, if not aberrant, phe nomenon' in Islamic history due to its emphasis on natural justice and the central role of the Ottoman dynasty as rulers of a defined geographic sphere (Fleischer, 1986: 253). The sixteenth-century Ottoman theorists Ebu's-Su'ud and Mustafa Ali upheld broadly similar theses for the legiti macy of the Ottomans which included the manipulation of their lineage to indicate their descent from Oghuz, the eponym of the Ghuzz Turks, their inheritance of Muslim lands from the Seljuk Turks and their dedica tion to justice, understood as a religious, universal concept (Imber, 1997: 73-4; Fleischer, 1986: 282, 287-8). Although the Ottomans adopted a more obviously Islamic profile after their conquest of the Arab lands, including the holy cities of Mecca and Medina, in the early sixteenth century, a distinction remained between religion and the state/dynasty (din-ü-devlet) which was also apparent in the Ottomans' dual legal sys tem based on the Shari'a and 'state' kamun, despite the close partnership between the two. Secular attitudes derived from the Turco-Mongol heritage were also qualified by the tendency among Ottoman political theorists of dis cussing international relations using the medieval dar al-islam/dar al-harb formulation and its concomitant, jihad or ghaza. This reflected the ori gins of the Ottoman Empire as a Turkic warrior principality on the frontiers of Byzantium which led generations of Ottoman sultans to style themselves 'holy warriors' (ghazis) until the Empire's demise in the 1920s. Their conquest of the Balkans and Aegean peninsula was legitimised in terms of jihad against the infidel, and their conquest of Constantinople was celebrated as the culmination of the Islamic conquests which had begun in the seventh century. In much advice literature of the sev enteenth and eighteenth centuries, the need to continue the jihad and expand the Ottoman Muslim domain in order to restore the inner vital ity of the Empire is a recurrent trope alongside more practical suggestions for reform. International Society and the Middle East: English School Theory at the Regional Level (Palgrave Studies in International Relations) 2009th Edition by B. Buzan (Editor), A. Gonzalez-Pelaez (Editor) p.55
    2
  3595. We enslaved white women😂😂😂
    2
  3596. The Turks have constantly been an imperial people. They have made a habit of empire building, and although none of their structures have attained the imposing dimensions of the Mongol achievement, many of them have been far more lasting. The maps show at least a dozen states of the first rank which have been constructed by Turkish peoples, and another dozen built by Turkish leaders, sometimes by themselves, sometimes with the assistance of a military aristocracy of their own race.
    2
  3597. Ottoman❤️
    2
  3598. So Turkic Khalaj warrior made them muslims :-0
    2
  3599. Japonic and Koreanic are clearly not Altaic
    2
  3600. Merkelina Angel
    2
  3601. Peter Todorov What are you smoking haha fringe theory lover
    2
  3602.  @zarni000  Nonetheless, many writers, politicians, and intellectuals in areas of the Balkans, such as Bulgaria, Greece, and Serbia, resonate with a terrific hostility to the Ottomans, the “Turks.” For many Bulgarians, the “Turk- ish” yoke until today stands out as the darkest, most deplorable period in Bulgarian history. Donald Quataert, State University of New York, Binghamton Book: The Ottoman Empire, 1700–1922 Published online: 05 June 2012 Print publication : 11 August 2005, pp 195-202
    2
  3603. Following your logic about names,Russians are actually Viking tribe(Rus) and not slavic :)))
    2
  3604. Free head tour in Istanbul👀
    2
  3605.  @KhansDen  🐸
    2
  3606. There is not even one single expert scholar which says iranics ruled turkics😅
    2
  3607. 3:00 Turkic* Conqueror Nader Shah he never identified himself Persian Ahmad's chroniclers also adapted and reconfigured various legitimating devices from Nader's ruling ideology. This included labeling the Afghans (and in particularly the Dorrani family) as the “il-e jalil-e Afghan” or “il-e jalil-e Dorrani” in imitation of the phrase “il-e jalil-e Torkman” used by Nader's court historians. Axworthy, M.. (2018). Crisis, collapse, militarism and civil war: The History And Historiography of 18th century Iran. pp. 65
    2
  3608.  @sinaaafshar4154  Persian history forums are unreliable sources for this topic.
    2
  3609. Everybody scaring from Turkey🤣🤣🤣 Greece is weak country
    2
  3610. Modern Turkmen language is really different from old one. Still i can understand 50-75% of Turkmenistani but they have many weird words and accent unlike Western Oghuz language.
    2
  3611. Make video about Turkic pls
    2
  3612.  @TheDirtysouthfan  Jewism and Judaism are different things
    2
  3613. Happy Nazi noises
    2
  3614. 7:16 😂
    2
  3615. Barlas was Turk tribe not mongol even genetics proved. Only rulers were mongols. So you can call as Mongolized Turk tribe rather than turkicized mongol tribe
    2
  3616. Safavids, Afsharids and Qajarids were also Turkic just like Ottomans not Persian
    2
  3617.  @Noone-gz8li  Mauryans also enslaved thousands of Hellenic women
    2
  3618.  @CheLanguages  Oldest one was Hittite though
    2
  3619. El Tac Qizilbash Empire
    2
  3620. Virgin Tiny Alexander < Ultra Gigachad Chadgiz Khan
    2
  3621. 🤨🧐
    2
  3622. 🧐🤨
    2
  3623. Yep. Abbas Mirza was not even a ruler and half of those kings were not Persians
    2
  3624. Not really
    2
  3625. Nice Turkish State
    2
  3626. Hmm
    2
  3627. Sa
    2
  3628. It is very sad that Indo-Iranization of BMAC culture. Burusho language can be remnant of BMAC languages.
    2
  3629. Also go to the Lut Desert like Ruhi Çenet 👀
    2
  3630.  @-_--vx5hz  ROMAN EMPIRE DESTROYED AND RULED YOUR WEAK ANCESTORS KID STOP LARPING🤣🤣 Non-Hellenic Roman Emperors ruled and raped Hellenic peoples who ended Hellenism forever.
    2
  3631. Catch_Me_If_You_Can Harvard :)))
    2
  3632. Moreover Turkish - English Nostratic cognates: Deep - Dip Early - Erken Blend - Bula Blind - Bulanık Top - Tepe
    2
  3633. Rus’ were Germanic and Russians were Slavic. I don’t even know what they have to do with Finnic Ugric peoples
    2
  3634. Rasti Rasti rumenleşmiş ne slavı :D
    2
  3635. Half of USA is Celto-Germanic though
    2
  3636. This essay examines Nader Shah Afshar's attempts to legitimize his rule by dint of his Turkic background. Over the course of his rise to power and reign, Nader consistently argued that his Afshar and Turkman affiliations granted him the right to rule over Iranian territory as an equal to his Ottoman, Mughal, and Central Asian contemporaries. Aided by his chief secretary and court historian, Mīrzā Mahdī Astarābādī, Nader's assertions paralleled those found in popular narratives about the history of Oghuz Turks in Islamic lands. This element of Nader's political identity is often overlooked by historians because it did not outlive the brief Afsharid period, but it demonstrates how the Safavid collapse led to the circulation of dynamic new claims to Iranian and Islamic political power. Karamustafa, A. (2022). The Hero of “the Noble Afshar People”: Reconsidering Nader Shah's Claims to Lineage and Legitimacy. Iranian Studies, 1-15 Besides territorial integrity, two alternative concepts of sovereignty to replace the crumbling dynastic ideal can be discerned in Nadir Shah's negotiations with the Ottomans in the 1730s. Nadir proposed equal relations based, first, on Ottoman recognition of the legitimacy of Twelver Shiism as a fifth school of orthodox Islamic law. And second, he proposed something akin to an ethnic or national concept - equal relations based on Nadir Shah's identity as a member of the noble Turkmen family of peoples." Howard, D. (2017). A History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp.192
    2
  3637.  @arman_1024  Firstly read Baburnama then say “dynösty wös nöt törköc”
    2
  3638. Song dynasty was of Shatuo origin
    2
  3639.  @Zhijia494  that is, in terms of influencing history. And established empires, dynasties, great warriors from that ethnicity, etc. some factors.
    2
  3640.  @r.d.x7403  Many articles use top university journals too
    2
  3641. Extreme Copium in the comment section:)))
    2
  3642. Basarab I is Turkic Wallachia is Romanian state of Turkic origin
    2
  3643. Fatih Koç seni hep görüyorum :D
    2
  3644. ⁠ @avataraang6537  Azeri has more archaic features and more common with Old Anatolian Turkish than Turkish itself. Whereas Turkmen is basically old Oghuz + Chagatai
    2
  3645.  @rashadazde7497  Yorkshire - London English dialects are more divergent than our Turkish-Azerbaijani bro. I saw an Azerbaijani Youtuber who travelled Gagauzia and communicated them for hour without using Translate. For this reason, I think it is correct to classify Gagauz-Turkish-Azerbaijani as dialects of the exact same language.
    2
  3646.  @tazaoumur  Crimean Tatar is simply Turkish dialect with Kipchak words.
    2
  3647.  @tazaoumur  In this case, the Turkic languages ​​​​are reduced to about 15 rather than 35.
    2
  3648.  @azarshadakumuktir4551  “but the majority were Circassians” Based on what?
    2
  3649. Turkey 😼❤️
    2
  3650. Western Piracy be like: Set out to discover new regions. Massacre and assimilate the natives on your newly discovered island. But accuse Muslims of being barbaric 🤓
    2
  3651. You were under the rule of Germanic dynasty in that time🤣
    2
  3652. Kurds are not a single ethnicity also. They speak mutually unitelligible languages unlike us Turkish people.
    2
  3653. 🫥
    2
  3654.  @prs_81  Fully persianized what??? More than 100 million Oghuz Turkic speakers are remnant of those empires🤣
    2
  3655.  @prs_81  Ottoman court language was Old Anatolian Turkish, Ottoman Turkish and Chagatai Turkic
    2
  3656. There were 4 nations which have managed to defeat the 1200's Mongols in war ; Javanese (Majapahit), Turks (Khalji & Bahri Mamluks), Japanese, Vietnamese (Dai Viet). Mongols of the first half of the 13th century however were unstoppable Major nations destroyed by the Mongols ; -Jin(Tungusic) -Khwarezmids(Turkic) -Souther Song(Sinitic) -Kara Khitais(Khitanic) -Cumania(Turkic) -Kievan Rus(Germanic and Slavic) -Seljuk Rum(Turkic) -Abbasids(Arabic) -Western Xia(Qiangic) -Volga Bulgaria(Turkic)
    2
  3657. Subutai 😎
    2
  3658. Zırtoğlu
    2
  3659. 😬🤦‍♂️
    2
  3660. Yaşıyor musun
    2
  3661. Arab dominance did not, however, continue in the political sphere, and one may describe the premodern history of Islam as falling into three periods of political regime. Until the tenth cen- tury, most regions of Islamdom were under the rule of Arabs; in the 10th and 11th centuries, many regions came under the rule of Persians; and from the 11th until the 19th century, almost all areas of the Muslim world were ruled by ethnic Turks or Mongols, whose dominance continued in the Middle East until World War I and the abolishment of the Ottoman Empire in 1924. For nearly a millennium in the Persianate world, the upper echelons of society were seen as divided along ethnic lines into Turks, who constituted the military and ruling class, and Tajiks, Persians, or non-Turks, who were the administrators, accountants, tax-collectors, and land owners. The division was viewed as natural and not unfair because Turks and Mongols were considered ethnically suited to military exploits because of their sturdiness, fierce nature, ability to endure hardship, and superior skills in horsemanship and archery. Even in contexts where Turks did not make up the bulk of the military, rul- ers often used troops belonging to foreign ethnic groups because of their military skills, internal solidarity, lack of attachment to the local populace, and direct allegiance to the ruler. The Fatimids in Egypt (969-1171) employed both troops who belonged to the Berber Kutama tribal confederation from North Africa and "Suda- nese" troops from sub-Saharan Africa. The 14th-century historian Ibn Khaldun argued, reflecting primarily on the Berber dynasties of North Africa, that there was a strong relationship between the life of political regimes and ethnic groups. Tribal groups from outside settled regions have much stronger ethnic solidarity than settled peoples, and this enabled them to work as efficient military units, conquering territories and establishing new dynasties. The settled life of the conquerors, however, corrupted them and made them lose their ethnic solidarity in just a few generations, and this made them vulnerable to new tribal invaders.
    2
  3662. 🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷🇹🇷
    2
  3663. Love Egypt from Turkey
    2
  3664. Iran
    2
  3665. Khayyam Neyshabori Your Napoleon is Turk 😅😂😂🤣😂😂😂😂😂😂😅😅😅🤣🤣🤣🤣 Shame on you
    2
  3666. Khayyam Neyshabori Fuck rumi i don’t care him
    2
  3667. Khayyam Neyshabori It is Turco-Latin alphabet like Ğ Ü Ç Ş ı İ Ö according to your logic
    2
  3668. Khayyam Neyshabori According to your ass😂😂😂😂🤣
    2
  3669. Khayyam Neyshabori Moon and star is originally Sumerian symbol Look https://images.app.goo.gl/bsre62D4gqsMLzv39
    2
  3670. Khayyam Neyshabori Continue to saying stupid thing please🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
    2
  3671. Khayyam Neyshabori Turkic influence Less noticeable, but also considerable are the Turkic forms (including Mongolian borrowings) that have entered the Persian language.[18] Throughout history, the Persian-speaking realm, including the Iranian plateau, was ruled by a succession of dynasties of Turkic origin, notably Ghaznavid, Seljuk, the Sultanate of Rum, Timurid, Qajar, and Ottomans which have patronized Persian culture and literature. Even the Mongol Il-Khanate brought more Turkic speakers, who constituted the backbone of the Mongol armies, to the Iranian plateau. With the exception of certain official designations within the government, trade and military, many of the Turkic borrowings in Persian have a more informal, homely flavour,[19] and therefore, to many Persian native speakers these words do not feel like foreign: e.g. āqā 'mister', dowqolu 'twin', komak 'help', tumān 'official currency of Iran' (but riāl < Portuguese), yābu 'pack nag', qešlāq 'winter quarters', yeylāq 'summer quarters', qeyči 'scissors'.
    2
  3672. Central asians don’t like Russia bro
    2
  3673. Mesoamerican civilisations > all
    2
  3674. Basarab I is Turkic
    2
  3675. The Rainmaker Name and origins The dynasty was named after Basarab I, who gained the independence of Wallachia from the Kingdom of Hungary. Coat of arms of the House of Draculesti The name is likely of Cuman or Pecheneg Turkic[1][2][3][4] origin and most likely meant "father ruler". Basar was the present participle of the verb "to rule", derivatives attested in both old and modern Kypchak languages. The Romanian historian Nicolae Iorga believed the second part of the name, -aba ("father"), to be an honorary title, as recognizable in many Cuman names, such as Terteroba, Arslanapa, and Ursoba. Basarab's father Thocomerius also bore an allegedly Cuman name, identified as Toq-tämir, a rather common Cuman and Tatar name in the 13th century. The Russian chronicles around 1295 refer to a Toktomer, a prince of the Mongol Empire present in Crimea. The Cuman or Pecheneg origin of the name is, however, only a conjecture and a matter of dispute among historians. Contemporaries constantly identified Basarab as a Vlach.[5] Charles I of Hungary speaks of him as Bazarab infidelis Olacus noster ("Bazarab, our treacherous Vlach").[5] Basarab's name is of Turkic origin.[7][8] Its first part is the present participle for the verb bas- ("press, rule, govern"); the second part matches the Turkic honorific title aba or oba ("father, elder kinsman"), which can be recognized in Cuman names, such as Terteroba, Arslanapa and Ursoba.[9] Basarab's name implies that he was of Cuman or Pecheneg ancestry, but this hypothesis has not been proven.[8][10][11] At least four royal charters from the 14th century refer to Basarab as a Vlach.[12] Charles I of Hungary referred to him as "Basarab, our disloyal Vlach" in 1332.[1][11] Although his name is of Turkic origin, 14th-century sources unanimously state that he was a Vlach. Basarab came into power before 1324, but the circumstances of his ascension are unknown. According to two popular theories, he succeeded either his father, Thocomerius, or the legendary founder of Wallachia, Radu Negru.
    2
  3676. The Rainmaker By the way famous Romania song Stereo Love is Turkic origin It Copied from Bayatilar :))))))
    2
  3677. In reality , Mongol is not an appropriate name because while the leaders of this movement were Mongol most of their army were Turkish tribesmen . The Turkish influence in the Mongol army had been extremely extensive , the two branches of the Mongol empire - Khanat Joji ( the Golden Horde ) and Khanat Jeghtai — who ruled the region had by the fourteenth century totally adopted Turkish culture. Central Asia, which was the base of Jeghtai government, in reality was the centre of Turkish culture . However , even beyond the Ural mountains , the Turkish culture enjoyed a strong presence .14 Ehteshami, A., 1994. From the Gulf to Central Asia. Exeter: University of Exeter Press, p.78. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
    2
  3678. Can i use some ss photos of your video?
    2
  3679.  @balkanmapping1  no not video just some ss photos :)
    2
  3680. Krum Khan completely destroyed them
    2
  3681. Kurds aren’t even single ethnicity
    2
  3682. Great history
    2
  3683. Were the Proto-Afro-Asiatic people brown or black?
    2
  3684.  @darthnerd4432  https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karboğazı_ambush 😂😂😂🤣🤣🤣
    2
  3685. Street Fighter beginning hehe
    2
  3686. Where is the Ghaznavids?
    2
  3687. Turkic❤️
    2
  3688. Hassan A 2 harvard and genetic source are saying Timur is Turkic
    2
  3689. @The Philosoraptor 99% of Celts don’t know Celtic now
    2
  3690. The earliest reference to the Mongols classifies them as a Tang dynasty tribe of Shiwei during the eighth century. It was only after the fall of the Liao dynasty in 1125 that they became an important tribe on the Central Asian steppe, but tribal wars weakened their power over the ensuing century. During the thirteenth century, the term Mongol was used to refer to the Mongolic and Turkic tribes who fell under the control of Genghis Khan. The Mongols are primarily a shamanist society; their central deity is the sky god Tenger.
    2
  3691. Golden age for Turks :-)
    2
  3692. Ahmed G Eyyubilerin araplarla hiçbir ilgisi yoktur arap tarihçi ibn haldun bile kürt kökenli Türk devleti der :D sadece arapça konuşuyorlardı resmi dil olarak o kadar
    2
  3693. I am from Elazığ😭😭😭😭😭😭
    2
  3694. The Turks were considered as the best warriors due to their horsemanship and skill in archery. Kaushik Roy., n.d. Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400-1750: Cavalry, Guns, Government and Ships (Bloomsbury Studies in Military History). p.24. The Turks too , the great warriors of the steppes , were almost haughty in the assumption that they inherited the jihad fighting spirit of the tradition and carried it half - way into Europe . Turko-Persia in Historical Perspective p.94 The Seljukian Turks had had some great warriors ; the period of their power was during the eleventh and twelfth centuries ; they had taken the place of the Arabs as the great Moslem power of the east , though an Arab caliph still nominally reigned at Baghdad . The Divine Aspect of History Volume 2 p.324 In the west the Seljuq invasion of Asia Minor began the process which was to make it the modern land of the Turks and the base from which the greatest Islamic empire of the past 600 years would expand into southeast Europe . MacEachern, S., 2010. The new cultural atlas of the Islamic world. p.32. THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot." Halman, T. and Warner, J., 2007. Rapture and revolution. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, Crescent Hill Publications, p.9. During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries , understanding the Turks ' military organization , given the credit for the greatest empire since antiquity , became a major European preoccupation . Speake, J., n.d. Literature of travel and exploration. p.891. By the middle of the 16th century, the Turks arguably possessed the greatest empire in the world. A History of the Middle East Paperback – March 15, 2006 by Saul S. Friedman (Author) p.181
    2
  3695. Catch_Me_If_You_Can Almost every university sources,encyclopedias and scholars saying Bulgars are Turkish but turk hater bulgarians ignore this fact,I know %90 of bulgarians are anti turkist like greeks and armenians because yout government saying Ottoman Turks were bla bla bla bad...
    2
  3696. Lethean Assuming,Proto Armenians were a Turkish tribe like Proto-Bulgarians,Would Armenians accepted that??? Certainly NO,same logic :))))
    2
  3697. Catch_Me_If_You_Can Use Google Books ok? Almost every university books are here. Write Bulgars Harvard,Bulgars Oxford,Bulgars Cambridge,Bulgars Michigan etc. I did it.
    2
  3698. In reality , Mongol is not an appropriate name because while the leaders of this movement were Mongol most of their army were Turkish tribesmen . The Turkish influence in the Mongol army had been extremely extensive , the two branches of the Mongol empire - Khanat Joji ( the Golden Horde ) and Khanat Jeghtai — who ruled the region had by the fourteenth century totally adopted Turkish culture. Central Asia, which was the base of Jeghtai government, in reality was the centre of Turkish culture . However , even beyond the Ural mountains , the Turkish culture enjoyed a strong presence .14 Ehteshami, A., 1994. From the Gulf to Central Asia. Exeter: University of Exeter Press, p.78.
    2
  3699.  @agentopaque3776  Chagatai Turk means Turks of Chagatai Khanate
    2
  3700. Fyodor was Yakut❤
    2
  3701. Turkic Khalaj origin
    2
  3702.  @SAMAYDOSTDAR  Khaljis were Turkic tribe not Pashtun
    2
  3703. 🤨
    2
  3704. Lala La Cossacks are Turkic by origin
    1
  3705. The Huns were a confederation of Eurasian tribes, especially Turkic ones, from the Steppes of Central Asia. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Hunnic_Empire Even the language spoken by the Huns is in dispute, though most experts believe they were of Turkish speech. https://www.britannica.com/place/the-Steppe/New-barbarian-incursions Azerbaijan open to raids by Turkic nomadic tribes from the north, including Khazars and Huns. https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/commonwealth-independent-states-and-baltic-nations/cis-and-baltic-political-geography-6#HISTORY The Huns have often been considered a Turkic people, and sometimes associated with the Xiongnu. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkic_migration#Origin_theories The Huns, a Turkic-speaking people, driven westward during the Han dynasty in China (206 bc–ad 220), created a nomadic empire in central Asia that extended into Europe, beginning about ad 370. It reached almost to Rome under the leadership of Attila (r.433?–453) and declined after his death. https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/asia/chinese-political-geography/mongolia#HISTORY They are thought to be a Turkic people descended from the Xiongnu tribes, who first appeared as a tribal confederation on the northern frontier of China in the late third century BC. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/hunnic-empire Turkic nomadic tribes from the north, including Khazars and Huns. https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/asia/iranian-political-geography/azerbaijan-iran Originally nomadic peoples from the steppes of Central Asia, Turkish tribes began moving west toward Europe around the first century a.d. In the middle of the 400s, the first group, known as the Huns, reached western Europe. https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/turkish-americans Shih Le was a Chieh, a Hsiung-nu tribe which seems to have spoken a Turkic language. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/shih-le In 104, 102, and 42 b.c.e. Chinese armies defeated the Turkic nomad Xiongnu alongside captive Roman soldiers in the former Greek kingdom of Sogdiana. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/globalization-asia Khazars are also called Turks and Huns. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/asia-and-africa/central-asian-history/khazars https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/khazars In the opinion of other scholars it was earlier Turkic-language groups that took part in the formation of the Karachay ethnic group: Hunns, Bulgars, and Khazars. who were living in the northern Caucasus in the ninth to twelfth centuries. https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/africa/swaziland-political-geography/karachays https://www.everyculture.com/Russia-Eurasia-China/Karachays-History-and-Cultural-Relations.html Huns known as the. Turks. http://crossasia-repository.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/3333/1/Modi_History%20of%20the%20Huns.pdf The Huns, a Turkic-speaking people https://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Asia-and-Oceania/Mongolia-HISTORY.html
    1
  3706. Seljuks being 200k or 600k is nothing more than pseudo history
    1
  3707.  @win79526  The noblest of these nations that were not interested in science are the Chinese and the Turks. The Chinese are the largest of the peoples by number, the most imposing by kingdom, and the most considerable by territory. The domains they occupy are in the eastern parts of the inhabited world, between the equinoctial line to the extreme of the seven climates to the north. His share in knowledge (ma'rifa) is to surpass all nations in mastery of handicrafts and perfection of graphic arts. They are the most suffered of men in the prolonged effort, which the improvement of the works [supposes], as well as in enduring the harshness of the penalties in the perfection of the arts (sana'i"). As for the Turks, [they] also form a great nation with numerous troops and an imposing kingdom. The domains they inhabit are found between the eastern regions of Juräsän, [on the side] of the Islamic empire, the western regions of China, northern India, and the extreme north of the inhabited world. Their virtue is that they stand out and achieve supremacy in doing war, as well as in the elaboration of weapons; for they are the most skilful of men in horsemanship and [warfare] tactics, and the keenest of eyes for spearing, striking with the sword, and shooting arrows. Ahmad, A.S. ibn and Salgado, M.F. (1999) Libro de las categorías de las naciones: Vislumbres desde el islam clásico sobre la filosofía y la ciencia. Tres cantos: Akal., p.43
    1
  3708.  @win79526  Articulated stereotypes of military prowess among non-Han typically took the form of statements such as Li Linfu's remark at court that "non-Han are skilled at fighting and brave" and, from a later eighth- century memorial, "Heaven gave birth to the Four Yi who are all skilled in warfare." Occasionally, different non-Han ethnic groups would be compared with one another, with the politically dominant group at the time asserted to be the most martial, such as a mid-eighth-century statement by a prominent Han frontier general that the Turks were more martial than other non-Han. Non-Han groups were often contrasted favorably with their Han counterparts, the latter being characterized, particularly after the seventh century, as mediocre soldiers or helpless farmers. Ethnic Identity in Tang China (Encounters with Asia) Hardcover – January 2, 2008 by Marc S. Abramson (Author) p.48
    1
  3709. Not really
    1
  3710. Crying Turkic noises
    1
  3711. Since 1989, Bulgarian nationalism continues to live off cosy reminiscences of the ‘Revival Process’ ideology. Anti-Turkish rhetoric is now reflected in the theories that challenge the thesis of Turkic origin of the Proto-Bulgars. Alongside the ‘Iranian’ or ‘Aryan’ theory, there appeared arguments favouring an autochthonous origin... The ‘parahistoric’ theories, very often politically loaded and have almost nothing to do with objective scientific research in the field of Proto-Bulgarian Studies, could be summarized in several directions:...3)‘Aryan roots’ and the ‘enigmatic Eurasian homeland’. Meanwhile, another group of authors is looking eagerly for the supposed homeland of the ancient Bulgarians in the vast areas of Eurasia, perhaps by conscious or unconscious opposition to the pro-Western orientation of modern Bulgaria. At the same time, with little regard for consistency, they also oppose the Turkic theory, probably because this is in sharp contradiction with the anti-Turkish feelings shared by nationalistic circles. (Dobrev 2005; 2007.) in Claudia-Florentina Dobre, Cristian Emilian ed., Quest for a Suitable Past: Myths and Memory in Central and Eastern Europe, Central European University Press, 2018, ISBN 9633861365, pp. 142-143.
    1
  3712. Iranian Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan, Samarkand, Bukhara and Turkmenistan got Turkified
    1
  3713.  @persianguy1524  yes, it can be considered true according to your childish imagination.
    1
  3714.  @zaferhawk139  ne demişti ki
    1
  3715.  @Bolghar_wolf  nice propaganda though Bulgars are Turks(of Onogur tribe) according to historical sources and most specialist historians Mahmud al Kashgari/Diwan Lughat al Turk https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=apGfDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA6&dq=divanu+lugatit+turk&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjmrbTj4ZLrAhXKRBUIHSn1C9EQ6AEIJzAA#v=onepage&q=Bulgar&f=false You ask us also in your epistle: "Of what people, of what family, and of what tribe are you?" Know that we are descended from Japheth, through his son Togarmah. [In Jewish literature Togarmah is the father of all the Turks.] I have found in the genealogical books of my ancestors that Togarmah had ten sons. These are their names: the eldest was Ujur, the second Tauris, the third Avar, the fourth Uauz, the fifth Bizal, the sixth Tarna, the seventh Khazar, the eighth Janur, the ninth Bulgar, the tenth Sawir. [These are the mythical founders of tribes that once lived in the neighborhood of the Black and Caspian Seas.] I am a descendant of Khazar, the seventh son. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khazar_Correspondence#King_Joseph's_reply The Volga Bulgars, a Turkish tribe then living on the east bank of the Volga River, ... the laws of Islam to the Bulgars, who had recently converted to the religion. http://www.bookrags.com/research/ahmad-ibn-fadlan-ued/#gsc.tab=0 Ibn Fadlan served as the group's religious advisor, a crucial role: among the purposes of their mission was to explain Islamic Law to the recently converted Bulgar peoples, a Turkish tribe living on the eastern bank of the Volga River. (These were the Volga Bulgars; another group of Bulgars had moved westward in the sixth century, invading the country that today bears their name, and became Christians.) https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/ahmad-ibn-fadlan Theophanes the Confessor called him "king of the Onogundur Huns".[5] Patriarch Nikephoros I(758–828) called Kubrat "lord of the Onuğundur"[6] and "ruler of the Onuğundur–Bulğars".[7] John of Nikiu (fl. 696) called him "chief of the Huns".[6] D. Hupchick identified Kubrat as "Onogur",[4] P. Golden as "Oğuro-Bulğar",[6] H. J. Kim as "Bulgar Hunnic/Hunnic Bulgar".[8] Bulgars (Turkic bulgha-'to mix, stir up, disturb', i.e. 'rebels') A Turkic tribal union of the Pontic steppes that gave rise to two important states: Danubian Balkan Bulgaria (First Bulgarian Empire, 681–1018) and Volga Bulgaria (early 10th century–1241). They derived from Oghuric-Turkic tribes, driven westward from Mongolia and south Siberia to the Pontic steppes in successive waves by turmoil associated with the Xiungnu and subsequently by warfare between the Rouran/Avar and northern Wei states. in Oliver Nicholson, The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity, Oxford University Press, 2018, ISBN 0192562460, p. 271.. Old Great Bulgaria or Great Bulgaria (Byzantine Greek: Παλαιά Μεγάλη Βουλγαρία, Palaiá Megálē Voulgaría), also often known by the Latin names Magna Bulgaria[3] and Patria Onoguria ("Onogur land"),[4] was a 7th-century state formed by the Onogur Bulgars on the western Pontic-Caspian steppe (modern southern Ukraine and southwest Russia).[5] Great Bulgaria was originally centered between the Dniester and lower Volga. Later Byzantine scholars implied that the Bulgars had previously been known as the Onogurs (Onoğur). Agathon wrote about the "nation of Onogur Bulğars"],Nikephoros I stated that Kubrat was lord of the Onogundurs, Theophanes referred to them as Onogundur Bulgars and Constantine VII remarked that the Bulgars formerly called themselves Onogundurs. Variations of the name include Onoguri, Onoghuri, Onghur, Ongur, Onghuri, Onguri, Onogundur, Unogundur, and Unokundur. There are several theories about the origin of the name Onogur. In some Turkic languages on means "10" and ğur "arrow"; and "ten arrows" might imply a federation of ten tribes, i.e. the Western Turkic Khaganate. Within the Turkic languages, "z" sounds in the easternmost languages tend to have become "r" in the westernmost Turkic languages; therefore, the ethnonym Oghuz may be the source of Oghur; that is, on Oğur would mean "ten clans of Oghuz". Old Great Bulgaria (Magna Bulgaria[29]), also known as Onoghundur–Bulgars state, or Patria Onoguria in the Ravenna Cosmography.[30][31][20] Constantine VII (mid-10th century) remarked that the Bulgars formerly called themselves Onogundurs.[32] Both names are best explained as corresponding to Onogundur, an old name in Greek sources for the Bulgars. https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/khazars Nikephoros I stated that Kubrat was lord of the Onogundurs, Theophanes referred to them as Onogundur Bulgars and Constantine VIIremarked that the Bulgars formerly called themselves Onogundurs. Variations of the name include Onoguri, Onoghuri, Onghur, Ongur, Onghuri, Onguri, Onogundur, Unogundur, and Unokundur.
    1
  3716.  @Lay-Man  That’s Greek revisionism
    1
  3717.  @Lay-Man  almost none of Eastern Roman ruler was ethnically Hellenic
    1
  3718.  @Lay-Man  Their identity was Roman not Greek. All Islamic sources called them Rums(Romans)
    1
  3719.  @ottomansavasc8131  Byzantine was not even a state😅 Roman Empire was just one state.
    1
  3720.  @Lay-Man  Older doesn’t mean better
    1
  3721.  @Lay-Man  We are comparing ethno-linguistic groups there (Turkic vs Hellenic) not countries.
    1
  3722.  @ottomansavasc8131  Bulgar and Cuman Turkic royal houses of Bulgaria also ruled Greeks :-) Turkics ruled Hellenics very long time at least 600 years
    1
  3723.  @ottomansavasc8131  They never ruled us but we ruled them 600 years🤣🤣🤣
    1
  3724.  @ottomansavasc8131  i mean macedonian dynasty of Romans* Not Hellenic Macedonian Empire
    1
  3725. En alta düşmüş yorumun :(
    1
  3726. Nope
    1
  3727. Nisa Bağırtlak o nası soyadı öyle😂
    1
  3728. Nisa Bağırtlak 😅
    1
  3729. By this logic Basque and Chadic peoples are also Indo-Europeans 😂😂
    1
  3730. 🤓
    1
  3731. Armenia should recognise Turkish genocides
    1
  3732.  @teknul89  Azerbaijani is directly continuation of Ajem-Turkic and therefore Old Anatolian Turkish. They were calling themselves Turks, Turkomans or Qizilbashes not as Azeris or Azerbaijanis before USSR.
    1
  3733. No, not really
    1
  3734.  @CheLanguages  No but historically they spoke Oghuric
    1
  3735.  @diyartokmurzin7154  Argyns have Central Asian or CHG related G subclades not middle eastern ones (ANF / ZNF)
    1
  3736.  @verenatuna9010  what do you mean, maybe ancient Thracians?
    1
  3737. The Turks can be killed, but they can never be conquered. Napoleon in his own words from the French of Jules Bertaut p.44
    1
  3738.  @ozancanbay3270  velhasıl R nin kökeni doğu avrasya yani avrupa değil ;) Zaten Türkler, Kızılderililer, Yeniseyliler ve Hint Avrupalılar 45000 yıl önce ANE denilen ortak bir ataya sahipti. Bizim proto ecdadımız Q N ve R liydi.
    1
  3739. Turks
    1
  3740. Her şeyi moğol yapıyorlar🤣🤣
    1
  3741.  @_berat.ugur_3089  dc varsa ekle PAPAZA TAKLA ATTIRAN İMAM#5002
    1
  3742.  @mate5571  Muhhh göyröök böyzöntönö ömpörö nöt römön😂
    1
  3743.  @Fummy007  there was no gayzantine empire lol
    1
  3744. Khazars?
    1
  3745.  @OmaroftheOrient  They are mostly Buddhist now
    1
  3746. They did kiddo
    1
  3747.  @petertodorov1792  Turkic and Jewish genealogical myths recorded by King Joseph and Sefer Yosippon identified Khazar as the "brother" of other Turkic tribes like the Bulgars and Sabirs (see below). Syriac legends said that the ancestor of the Khazars was named "Khazarig," the brother of "Bulgarios." Most scholars believe that these legends have a historical basis and that the Khazars were indeed closely related to Turkic tribes such as the Bulgars and Bashkirs.
    1
  3748.  @petertodorov1792  In his research of the Volga Bulgar-Khazar connections, Mardzani repeatedly states that these two nations were, in fact, one nation from an ethnic point of view. With reference to Arab writers, he also maintains that the language of the Khazars and that of the Volga Bulgars were very similar, if not one language: From various accounts of the Muslim scholars of history and from the knowledge derived from their numerous books, it follows that in ancient times the Khazars and the Bulgars were two names of one nation which inhabited that country [the Khazar Empire]. In later times, when that great independent state broke into two, the southern part of it was called Khazaria, whereas the northern part became famous under the name of Bulgaria. If this statement of Mardzani is to a large extent correct, which we will try to investigate further in the next section the language spoken by Ibn Fadlan in Bulgaria was essentially the Khazar language. Being of Turkic origin, this tongue, as well as its northern Volga Bulgar dialect was, in comparison with the Turkic dialects of the steppe nomad Turks, already influenced by the terminology of urban life enjoyed in 922 by both the Khazars and the Volga Bulgars. It meant that the basic culture of the Khazars and the Volga Bulgars was very similar, and that Baghdad's plan to enforce the pro-Muslim element in the Judaic Khazar oligarchy by converting the whole of Volga Bulgaria into Islam was even better thought of than was discussed before. Moreover, as we will see, this plan actually paid off when, upon the eventual fall of the Khazars, the Volga Bulgaria started to play a major economic and cultural role in the area. It is important that both Ibn Rusta and al-Ma'sudi were contemporaries of Ibn Fadlan. Whenever their accounts of the region might have been compiled, that is, slightly before or almost immediately after the sojourn of the Caliph's delegation, it is clear that Islam was already if not fully established, than very much present on the lower reaches of the Volga. The question for the delegation thus was rather of increasing the political importance of Islam in the area than of its actual introduction to the Volga Bulgars. From this point of view, it is apparent why Mardzani and other scholars speak of the introduction of Islam to the Volga Bulgars as early as at the end of 8th century.
    1
  3749. In the kingdom of Timur and his descendants , the inhabitants of Moghulistan were referred to by the pejorative term jätä 3 " robbers " . The expression " the Jätä country " is often used by the historians as a synonym of Mo ghulistan . Bartol'd, V., 1962. Four studies on the history of Central Asia. Leiden: [s.n.], p.139. Timur was proud to call himself a Turk and hated the appellation “ Mongol ” even for his pre - Islamic ancestors . In fact , the Mongols who had migrated to newly occupied countries in the time of Chengiz Khan , integrated with the people of the Central Asian region , thus giving birth to a Turkish population . In Mongolia they retained their original characteristics . Nomadic feudalism was the pivot around which the Mongol social organization revolved . The history of Mongol feudalism is the history of their social institutions . Khan, Y., 1976. Two studies in early Mughal history. Simla: Indian Institute of Advanced Study, p.6. About this period, I asked my father to tell me the history of our family from the time of Yafet Aghlan, which he did, nearly in the following manner: " It is written in the Turkish history, that we are descended from Yafet Aghlan, commonly called (Abu al Atrak) Father of the Turks, son of (the Patriarch,) Japhet, he was the first monarch of the Turks: when his fifth son Aljeh Khan ascended the throne, the all gracious God bestowed on him twin sons, one of which was called Tatar, the other Moghul Timur. (2013). CHAPTER III. In C. Stewart (Trans.), The Mulfuzat Timury, or, Autobiographical Memoirs of the Moghul Emperor Timur: Written in the Jagtay Turky Language (Cambridge Library Collection - Perspectives from the Royal Asiatic Society, pp. 27-31). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139507325.015 Tīmūr’s identity as a Turk was not lim- ited only to his understanding of himself, his skills, and his heritage. All the people that he encountered, whether in the marketplace or at the royal palace, immediately recognized him as a Türk-bacha , a Turk-boy, presumably for his attire and perhaps for his looks. Possibly, he represented to them an arche- typal nomad. Whatever the reason, they still found it the most convenient and intuitive manner to address him, not knowing his name. Sela, R. (2011). Youth. In The Legendary Biographies of Tamerlane: Islam and Heroic Apocrypha in Central Asia(Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization, pp. 76-91). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    1
  3750. Felvidéki Magyar Arpad was Onogur origin
    1
  3751. 🤓
    1
  3752. 😂
    1
  3753.  @History_Paleogenetics  yes but source 39, 40, 41, 42 are new and reliable sources not outdated (and vast majority of scholars accepted)
    1
  3754.  @History_Paleogenetics  Modern supporters of Altaic acknowledge that many shared features are the result of contact and convergence and thus cannot be taken as evidence for a genetic relationship, but they nevertheless argue that a core of existing correspondences goes back to a common ancestor. Dybo, Anna (March 2020). "New Trends in European Studies on the Altaic Problem". Journal of Language Relationship. 14 (1–2): 71–106.
    1
  3755.  @katitobyt  s
    1
  3756.  @WhyS0seriousSon  This essay examines Nader Shah Afshar's attempts to legitimize his rule by dint of his Turkic background. Over the course of his rise to power and reign, Nader consistently argued that his Afshar and Turkman affiliations granted him the right to rule over Iranian territory as an equal to his Ottoman, Mughal, and Central Asian contemporaries. Aided by his chief secretary and court historian, Mīrzā Mahdī Astarābādī, Nader's assertions paralleled those found in popular narratives about the history of Oghuz Turks in Islamic lands. This element of Nader's political identity is often overlooked by historians because it did not outlive the brief Afsharid period, but it demonstrates how the Safavid collapse led to the circulation of dynamic new claims to Iranian and Islamic political power. Karamustafa, A. (2022). The Hero of “the Noble Afshar People”: Reconsidering Nader Shah's Claims to Lineage and Legitimacy. Iranian Studies, 1-15 Besides territorial integrity, two alternative concepts of sovereignty to replace the crumbling dynastic ideal can be discerned in Nadir Shah's negotiations with the Ottomans in the 1730s. Nadir proposed equal relations based, first, on Ottoman recognition of the legitimacy of Twelver Shiism as a fifth school of orthodox Islamic law. And second, he proposed something akin to an ethnic or national concept - equal relations based on Nadir Shah's identity as a member of the noble Turkmen family of peoples." Howard, D. (2017). A History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp.192
    1
  3757. In fact, Turkic-speaking peoples have played a major role in Iranian history, ruling the country from the eleventh century up to the early twentieth. Even today they represent more than a quarter of Iran's population. Foltz, R. (2016) Iran in world history. Oxford etc.: Oxford University Press. p.61
    1
  3758. 🤓🤓🤓
    1
  3759. While its true that there was some controversy about the origin of the Huns, the consensus after recent decades is that they were Turks of Oghuric affiliation, mostly based on credible studies confirming that the vast majority of attested Hunnic names, as well as all Hunnic successor clans are of evident Oghur Turkic origin. All Hunnic tribes (entirely Oghur Turkic) : Akatziri, Onogurs, Utigurs, Sabirs, Bulgars, Saragurs, Kutrigurs, Barsils Recorded Hunnic names of Turkic origin : Aigan = moon prince; from Turkic aï & can Alp Ilutuer / Ilteber = heroic chieftain; from Turkic alp & iltäbär Althias = six; from Turkic Alti Akkagas = white rock; from Turkic ak & kayač Atakam = elder shaman; from Turkic ata & kam Balach = calf; from Turkic Malaq Berik = strong; from Turkic Berık Basik = governor; from Turkic Bârsiğ Bleda = wise; from Turkic Bildä Bochas = either gullet; from Turkic Boğuz; or bull, from Buqa Dengizich = ocean-like, heavenly; from Turkic teɲez & dêɲri; or, more simply, great lake Donat / Donatu = horse; from Turkic Yonat Edeco = good; from Turkic Ädgü Ellac = to rule; from Turkic el & lä Emmedzur = horse lord; from Turkic Ämäcur Eskam / Esqam = companion of the shaman; from Turkic Eŝkam Hereka / Kreka = pure princess; from Turkic Arïqan Ernakh / Hernac = small man, heroic man; from Turkic Ernäk Iliger = prince man; from Turkic ilig & är Karadach = black mountain; from Turkic Qaradağ Karaton = black cloak; from Turkic Qarâton Kursik = either noble; from Turkic Kürsiğ; or belt-bearer, from Qurŝiq Kutilzis = blessed herald; from Turkic kut & elči Mundzuk = bead; from Turkic Munčuq Oebarsius / Aybars = moon leopard, from Turkic Aïbârs; or dun leopard, from oy & bars Oldogan / Odolgan = either red falcon; from Turkic al & dogan; or chubby, from Tolgun Oktar / Uptar = brave; from Turkic Öctär Ruga / Rua = wise man; from Turkic Ögä Turgun = still/calm; from Turkic Turkun Uldin = six; from Turkic Alti Zolban = shepherd star; from Turkic Čolpan.
    1
  3760. Asmoh Those sources are nonsense saying Ottomans are 10000 times bigger than byzantine😂😂
    1
  3761. mehrdad 576 🧒🏻🧒🏻🧒🏻🧒🏻🧒🏻🧒🏻
    1
  3762. mehrdad 576 MULLAH👳🏾‍♂️👳🏾‍♂️👳🏾‍♂️👳🏾‍♂️
    1
  3763. mehrdad 576 Mullahian Empire
    1
  3764.  @bghn4114  source trustmebro🤣🤣🤣
    1
  3765.  @user-jw2hq5yj4d  Turks ruled your grandmothers 1500 years in both Iran and Central Asia🤣
    1
  3766.  @bghn4114  nice joke even Mehmed the Conqeueror said this: At one point, when it looked as if his army was losing a battle, a courtier named Saadeddin told the sultan, “Put on the Holy Mantle and pray to God.” The sultan did so and the battle was turned around. “We Turks are faithful Muslims.
    1
  3767.  @bghn4114  wikipedia is not even a reliable source
    1
  3768. TRNC😍
    1
  3769. Khagan, Khan, Tengri (Tangra) are clearly Turkic, this fringe view is not accepted by scholars
    1
  3770.  @voicelessglottalfricative6567  Yes fringe view that’s why only a few historians accepted this view not majority of them
    1
  3771.  @persianguy1524  least autistic r/iranian user
    1
  3772. Enes çağrı tonyalının son videosuna gelsene
    1
  3773.  @piyush93688  Page -26- Teragay, the chief of the tribe of Berlas, is said to 'i have been a tnau of distinguished piety and liberality, I and he inherited an incalculable number of slieep and goata,^ cattle and servants. His wife, Tekina Kha- I toum, was virtuous and beautiful; and on the 8th ' of April, 1336, she gave birth to a son, at their encampment, near the verdant walls^ of the delicious town of Kesh. This child was the future aspirant for universal empire. Timour was of the race of Toorkish wanderers, and be was of noble lineage, amougst a people who thought much of their descent. His countrymen lived in tents, loved the wandering lives of warlike shepherds, better than the luxury and ease of cities; and, even in the countries which they had conquered, preferred an encampment in the open plains, to "a residence in the most splendid palaces. Page -194- ^ Timour was the son of Teragay Nevian. He gives the following account of his lineage, in his memoirs :—" My father told me that we were descendants from Abu-al-Atrak (father of the Turks) the son of Japhet. His fifth son, Aljeh Khan, had twin sons, Tatar and Mogul, who placed their feet on the paths of infidelity. Turaene Khan had a son Kabul, whose son, Munga Bahadur, was the father of Temugin, small estate, with not more than three or four mounted attendants. He lived iu a village, near this city of Kesh, for the men of this land prefer living in the villages, and in the plains, to living in cities. His son, also, had not more than four or five horses. I will now tell you, what was told to the ambassadors, as certain truth in this city, and in other parts. It is said that Timour, having four or five servants, went out one day to steal a sheep, and on another day a cow, by force, from the people of the country. When he had got them, be ate them with his followers ; and some because of the plunder, others because he was a brave and good hearted man, joined him, until he had a force of three hundred mounted followers. From that time be traversed the country, to rob and steal all he could lay hands on, for himself and bis companions, and he also frequented the roads, and plundered the merchants.' Narrative of the embassy of Ruy Gonzalez de Clavijo to the court of Timour at Samarcand, A.D. 1403-6 by González de Clavijo, Ruy, d. 1412; Markham, Clements R. (Clements Robert), Sir, 1830-1916 ed Page -130- On Saturday, the 12th of April, the Emperor of TrebizonJ sent for the ambassadorSj and when they ai-rivcd at his palace, they found him in a saloon, which was in an upper story ; and he received them very well. After they had spoken with him, they returned to their lodging. With the emperor was his son, who was about twenty-five years of age ; and the emperor was tall and handsome. The emperor and his son were dressed in imperial robes. They wore, on their heads, tall hats surmounted by golden cords, on the top of which were cranes' feathers; and the hats were bound with the skins of martens. They call the emperor Germanoli,' and his son Quelex -^ and they call the son emperor as well as the father, because it is the custom to call the eldest legitimate son emperor, although his father may be alive; and the Greek name for emperor, is Basilens. This emperor pays tribute to Timour Beg, and to other Turks, who are his neighbours. He is married to a relation of the Emperor of Constantinople, and his son is married to the daughter of a knight of Constantinople, and has two little daughters."
    1
  3774.  @albanianultranationalist1929  His father was Turkish from Konya
    1
  3775. Yes
    1
  3776. In reality , Mongol is not an appropriate name because while the leaders of this movement were Mongol most of their army were Turkish tribesmen . The Turkish influence in the Mongol army had been extremely extensive , the two branches of the Mongol empire - Khanat Joji ( the Golden Horde ) and Khanat Jeghtai — who ruled the region had by the fourteenth century totally adopted Turkish culture. Central Asia, which was the base of Jeghtai government, in reality was the centre of Turkish culture . However , even beyond the Ural mountains , the Turkish culture enjoyed a strong presence .14 Ehteshami, A., 1994. From the Gulf to Central Asia. Exeter: University of Exeter Press, p.78.
    1
  3777.  @wankawanka3053  oyş
    1
  3778. Yeah. Even the word Hetman comes from Ataman
    1
  3779.  @YaverMemolibaba  Indo-Europeans themselves are predominantly natives with small Yamnaya blood
    1
  3780.  @TheTokkie  Bulgarians are Slavic but Bulgars are Turkic
    1
  3781.  bence sultan  :D
    1
  3782.  @ajarofmayonnaise3250  wtf
    1
  3783. Tabii ki
    1
  3784.  @CheLanguages  The Hungarian word árpa was borrowed from a Turkic language before the times of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries), from Proto-Turkic *arpa.[5][6][4] The Hungarians cohabited for centuries with Turkic people, which accounts for over 10% word roots in modern Hungarian being Turkic. In Hungarian, most pastoral terms are Turkic in origin, and agricultural terms are 50% r-Turkic. Many Hungarian names, and also animal and plant names,[7] are of Turkic origin, and the majority of tribe names were of Turkic origin.[8]Turkic is, along with Uralic, German and Slavic, one of the four languages that have the greatest percentage of word roots in the Hungarian language. However, the Magyars are not a Turkic people, though the Turks made a genetic and linguistic contribution.[9][10]
    1
  3785.  @newasta9990  Pan-Kurdism is even worse than Afrocentrism😬
    1
  3786.  @Letnistonwandif  who conquered some primitive ooga booga tribes😂😂😂
    1
  3787. Except for Yakut & Chuvash
    1
  3788. 👁️🫦👁️
    1
  3789. No?
    1
  3790. 😂😂😂
    1
  3791. Most logical Indian nationalist
    1
  3792. Nope
    1
  3793. He was a Cuman 🌝
    1
  3794.  The Matrix  ?
    1
  3795.  The Matrix  nope
    1
  3796.  @bghn4114  Turkic and Persian were official languges in the Safavid Empire
    1
  3797.  @bulgariannationalist1637  ik
    1
  3798. Ak47necros Cossacks are Turkic not dlavic
    1
  3799.  @SpartanLeonidas1821  🤣 youtube is deleting your low iq comments baby😹
    1
  3800.  @SpartanLeonidas1821  Hellenic states of the Seleucids, Macedonia, Achaean League, Aetolian League, Kingdom of Pergamon, Ptolemaics etc. all got destroyed by Roman Empire which resulted as ending of Hellenistic era and post Roman Greece was basically a playground for Romans, Turks, Slavs, Albanians, Thracians, Illyrians, Armenians, Italians and Germanic peoples as we all know Hellenic rule in Greece broadly ended with the Roman conquest of Greece resulting with a dominant Roman, Turkic, and Germanic rule whereas only 3 short lived Hellenic dynasties, Komnenids, Angelids and Laskarids, managed to rule Grece Foreign rule in Greece; Achaemenid dynasty (Iranic) Nerva–Antonine dynasty (Italic) Severan dynasty (Punic) Gordian dynasty (Celtic) Decian dynasty (Illyrian) Valerian dynasty (Italic) Caran dynasty (Illyrian) Constaninian dynasty (Illyrian) Valentinian dynasty (Illyrian) Theodosian dynasty (Hispanian) Leonid dynasty (Thracian) Justinian dynasty (Illyrian) Heraclian dynasty (Armenian) Isaurian dynasty (Armenian) Nikephorian dynasty (Arabic) Dulo dynasty (Turkic) Krum’s dynasty (Turkic) Amorian dynasty (Jewish) Macedonian dynasty (Armenian) Phokas dynasty (Armenian) Doukid dynasty (most likely Armenian) Diogenes dynasty (most likely Armenian) Principality of Arbanon (Albanian) Principality of Valona (Slavized Turkic) Duchy of the Archipelago (Italian) Kingdom of Cyprus (Germanic) Kingdom of Thessalonica (Germanic) Empire of Thessalonica (most likely Armenian) Latin Empire (Germanic) Asenid dynasty (Slavized Turkic) Duchy of Athens (French) Duchy of Neopatras (Spanish) Marquisate of Bodonitsa (Germanic) Lordship of Argos and Nauplia (Germanic) Lordship of Salona (Germanic) Lordship of Chios (Italian) Knights Hospitaller of Rhodes (Germanic) Principality of Achaea (French) Palaiologos dynasty (most likely Italic) Nemanjic dynasty (Slavic) Despotate of Arta (Albanian) Despotate of Ioannia (Albanian) League of Lezhe (Albanian) Vojivonic dynasty (Slavic) Venetian dominions in Greece (Italian) Principality of Lesbos (Italian) Kingdom of Candia (Italian) Kingdom of Ioanian Islands (Italian) Kingdom of the Morea (Italian) Triarchy of Negroponte (French) Ottoman dynasty (Turkic) Pashalik of Berat (Albanian) Pashalik of Yanina (Albanian) Pashalik of Scutari (Albanian) Septinsular Republic (Italian) House of Wittelsbach (Germanic) United States of the Ionian Islands (Germanic) Principality of Samos (Slavic)
    1
  3801. 🇹🇷
    1
  3802.  @bghn4114  Kurd-Persian Sassanids😅🤣
    1
  3803. Turkiye❤Ukraine
    1
  3804. Fatih B 🤣🤣😂😹😹😹 According to who kiddo??
    1
  3805. Illyrian Fucker Imagehttps://www.notablebiographies.com › ... Muhammad Ali Pasha Biography - life, children, name, history, mother, young ... Often referred to as the founder of modern Egypt, Muhammad Ali Pasha (c. 1769– 1849) was an Ottoman Turkish military leader who ... https://www.notablebiographies.com/amp/supp/Supplement-Mi-So/Pasha-Muhammad-Ali.html He was Turkish by origin and Turkish speaking, yet trained in a European province of the Ottoman Empire, so he brought with him political skills honed in the century-long conflict between the three great empires that disputed control of the Balkans. Commonly called Mehmet Ali, as a young man he worked for a while as a tobacco merchant, before taking a commission in the Ottoman Army. http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/muhammadali.htm Lately however, it has also started to be thought possible that his ancestors were Turkish, and actually migrated from South-East Anatolia.[10] ↑ Abu-Manneh, Butrus. "Mehmed Ali Paşa and Sultan Mahmud II: the genesis of a conflict" (in English) (Article). Turkish Historical Review (Brill Academic Publishers) 1 (1): 5. Template:Citation/identifier. Template:Citation/identifier.
    1
  3806. moeharvard f* off kid😂😂😂
    1
  3807. They had no 300000000 army lol
    1
  3808. In history, “Turkish people” are famous for their strength, there is even a French expression referring to it: Il est fort comme un Turc = He is strong as a Turkish.
    1
  3809.  @turkicnoker824  🐸
    1
  3810. Polemarch Shut up kiddo🧒🏻
    1
  3811. Polemarch You have no history after 1453 😂😂🤣🤣Where were you in 15,16,17,18,19th centuries???😂😂 Your ancestors disappeared Lol
    1
  3812. Polemarch Your country created by Germanic prince Otto😂😂😂
    1
  3813. Tarık Mengüç he
    1
  3814. R u muslim now?
    1
  3815.  @ðənjudæs  maybe or not
    1
  3816.  @nejdan2k2  Turks on average have literally 30% Altai MLBA related blood kid😂
    1
  3817.  @II-ug8ji  Only Persian nationalists like diasporan kid yaqub leis are believing such pseudo history just read this: the Arabic proverb cited by the North African analytic historian Ibn Khaldun of the fourteenth century: dawlah 'ind al-turk, din 'ind al-'arab wa adab 'ind al-furs Power (rests) with the Turk, religion with the Arab, and culture with the Persian.
    1
  3818.  @wankawanka3053  Chad Greeks did not exist after Hellenistic era
    1
  3819.  Peaceful Rain  6-7 is exaggerated number :))
    1
  3820.  Edon Bajrami  source ?
    1
  3821. Ne böğürüyon la
    1
  3822.  @wankawanka3053  It clearly is
    1
  3823.  @wankawanka3053  You got ruled by this best Turkic empire for 500 years😂
    1
  3824. Sa
    1
  3825. @Jk Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
    1
  3826. @Jk They were good warriors too ofc but their history is way shorther than others
    1
  3827.  @Amarsanaa119  Turco-Mongols?
    1
  3828. Alp Arslan 😂
    1
  3829.  @ahm512  The Moguls (Mughals; the nineteenth- century British off icials and historians called them Moghuls) referred to themselves as Chagatai Turks or Timurids even though their family links with the Chagatai branch of the Chingizids were weak. Roy, Kaushik. “From the Mamluks to the Mansabdars: A Social History of Military Service in South Asia, c. 1500 to c. 1650.” Fighting for a Living: A Comparative Study of Military Labour 1500-2000, edited by Erik-Jan Zürcher, Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam, 2013, pp. 81–114. Empire started as Turkic Beginning is important
    1
  3830. Are you Zenci Efendi?
    1
  3831.  @pokerwoker435  Azerbaijani (aka Ajem Turkic) literally comes from Old Anatolian Turkish
    1
  3832.  @wankawanka3053  👁️👄👁️
    1
  3833.  @baalyoz  😂😂
    1
  3834.  @kurdistanstrong2886  k👶🏻rdistan stronkest country
    1
  3835. mehrdad 576 🤣🤣🤣
    1
  3836. Hellenic states of the Seleucids, Macedonia, Achaean League, Aetolian League, Kingdom of Pergamon, Ptolemaics etc. all got destroyed by Roman Empire which resulted as ending of Hellenistic era and post Roman Greece was basically a playground for Romans, Turks, Slavs, Albanians, Thracians, Illyrians, Armenians, Italians and Germanic peoples as we all know Hellenic rule in Greece broadly ended with the Roman conquest of Greece resulting with a dominant Roman, Turkic, and Germanic rule whereas only 3 short lived Hellenic dynasties, Komnenids, Angelids and Laskarids, managed to rule Grece Foreign rule in Greece; Achaemenid dynasty (Iranic) Nerva–Antonine dynasty (Italic) Severan dynasty (Punic) Gordian dynasty (Celtic) Decian dynasty (Illyrian) Valerian dynasty (Italic) Caran dynasty (Illyrian) Constaninian dynasty (Illyrian) Valentinian dynasty (Illyrian) Theodosian dynasty (Hispanian) Leonid dynasty (Thracian) Justinian dynasty (Illyrian) Heraclian dynasty (Armenian) Isaurian dynasty (Armenian) Nikephorian dynasty (Arabic) Dulo dynasty (Turkic) Krum’s dynasty (Turkic) Amorian dynasty (Jewish) Macedonian dynasty (Armenian) Phokas dynasty (Armenian) Doukid dynasty (most likely Armenian) Diogenes dynasty (most likely Armenian) Principality of Arbanon (Albanian) Principality of Valona (Slavized Turkic) Duchy of the Archipelago (Italian) Kingdom of Cyprus (Germanic) Kingdom of Thessalonica (Germanic) Empire of Thessalonica (most likely Armenian) Latin Empire (Germanic) Asenid dynasty (Slavized Turkic) Duchy of Athens (French) Duchy of Neopatras (Spanish) Marquisate of Bodonitsa (Germanic) Lordship of Argos and Nauplia (Germanic) Lordship of Salona (Germanic) Lordship of Chios (Italian) Knights Hospitaller of Rhodes (Germanic) Principality of Achaea (French) Palaiologos dynasty (most likely Italic) Nemanjic dynasty (Slavic) Despotate of Arta (Albanian) Despotate of Ioannia (Albanian) League of Lezhe (Albanian) Vojivonic dynasty (Slavic) Venetian dominions in Greece (Italian) Principality of Lesbos (Italian) Kingdom of Candia (Italian) Kingdom of Ioanian Islands (Italian) Kingdom of the Morea (Italian) Triarchy of Negroponte (French) Ottoman dynasty (Turkic) Pashalik of Berat (Albanian) Pashalik of Yanina (Albanian) Pashalik of Scutari (Albanian) Septinsular Republic (Italian) House of Wittelsbach (Germanic) United States of the Ionian Islands (Germanic) Principality of Samos (Slavic) 🤪
    1
  3837. Finally, having lost his own son in the campaign, and failed to raise the men required for his new army, Muhammad 'AH realized that the Sudan campaign had been a complete failure. When he was informed that a large number of Turkish-speaking officers were about to desert the campaign and return en masse to Egypt he wrote to the governor of one of the Sa'idi provinces: "Since the Turks are members of our race and since they must be spared the trouble of being sent to remote and dangerous areas, it has become necessary to conscript around 4,000 men from Upper Egypt [to replace them]." Fahmy, K. (1998). The era of Muhammad ’Ali Pasha, 1805–1848. In M. Daly (Ed.), The Cambridge History of Egypt (The Cambridge History of Egypt, pp. 154). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    1
  3838. None of them even looks Sinitic😂
    1
  3839. How about Republic of Hatay🌝
    1
  3840. Orduların 90% ı Türk olan Moğollar🌝
    1
  3841. Firstly they assimilated the Hattians, then they themselves got assimilated by others…
    1
  3842.  @CenabNagiyev  atma ziyaa
    1
  3843.  @CenabNagiyev  from Azerbaijan yemezzleeer 🤨
    1
  3844.  @CenabNagiyev  Tr de yaşamıyon mu?
    1
  3845. Hi. I have a great knowledge on Khalaj people and their history. You can ask me anything about them.
    1
  3846.  @CenabNagiyev  fotonu at sen olayım
    1
  3847.  @Orgil.  Uncultured Mongols effected nobody in history almost nobody got mongolized under the rule of Chinggisid Empire
    1
  3848. He already did
    1
  3849. Many Turkic empires were founded in Europe but you missed Khazars :/
    1
  3850. Hort
    1
  3851.  @wankawanka3053  Romans ruled griks 2000 years 🤪 with non-grik dynasties
    1
  3852.  @riderchallenge4250  from Hephthalites to Mughals who were called Turushkas
    1
  3853. Tuğbay Deniz Yes
    1
  3854. We have 50 empires not 16
    1
  3855. 🫒
    1
  3856. azeR ilA 11 Afsharid Azeri Empire ruled caucasia
    1
  3857. Bilinen kişi yoruma damlayacak mı????
    1
  3858. Malum şahıs mı geliyor???
    1
  3859. 👽👽👽
    1
  3860. Lethean and cossacks
    1
  3861.  @tamazghaunion9158  sounds similar lol
    1
  3862.  @ΝικοςΚαλοχριστιανακης-μ2ζ  Hellenic history is joke lol🤣 Italians like Venetians ruled you very long time
    1
  3863.  @ΝικοςΚαλοχριστιανακης-μ2ζ  These myheritage videos are inaccurate btw
    1
  3864. @UCScd-K8RYfidgV9Kfw95SJQ 😅😅😹😹🤓🤓🤣🤣🤣
    1
  3865. Slavic people with Turkic name + warfare culture
    1
  3866. Mongolia was originally Turkic land
    1
  3867. Mongolia was originally Turkic land
    1
  3868. Dario Moreno sa
    1
  3869. Batu Öztürk kalitesiz diye sildim özellikle şu başkalarından aldıklarımı
    1
  3870.  @enjoymfs9715  he ya gördüm dofğflsnr
    1
  3871. hafid ali What Somalia and Ethiopia have in common?
    1
  3872.  @herzeg4912  valla mı
    1
  3873.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  Chad Bahri dynasty and Ilbari dynasty 😎 but rum sultanate was vassal and some of turkish principalites were fully independent like Aydinids
    1
  3874.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  yes
    1
  3875.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  first three delhi dynasties always defeated Mongols the Chagatai Khanate
    1
  3876.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  It is doubtful that if delhi sultanate is one state with 5 dynasties or 5 states with 5 dynasties🤷‍♀️
    1
  3877.  @raytheon6507 Griks were slaves of Romans and Turks in most of history :) also Arabs were under the rule of Turkic empires for 1000 years😂
    1
  3878.  @raytheon6507 Turkic military slaves DESTROYED EMPIRES and established their own empires like Ilbaris, Bahri Mamluks, Ghaznavids, Tulunids etc. whereas grik slaves became pregnant is in Turkish harems😂 That’s the difference between Hellenic and Turkic peoples :-)
    1
  3879.  @raytheon6507 🤣🤣🤣
    1
  3880.  @raytheon6507  Turkic empires like Seljuks, Ottomans, Bulgars, Cumans, Beyliks etc. ruled over Hellenic peoples for 1000 years whereas 0 Hellenic empire ruled Turks😹😹😹
    1
  3881.  @raytheon6507  Turkic peoples ruled vast huge area from Austria to Manchuria from Tamil Nadu to Moscow😹😹😹
    1
  3882.  @raytheon6507  Intermarriage between Turks and Greek, Armenian and Georgian natives of Anatolia was not unheard of, although the majority of these unions were between Turkish men and Christian women. The children of these unions, known as 'Mixovarvaroi', were raised as Turks and were of the Muslim faith (although there were some cases of Mixovarvaroi defecting to the Byzantines). It is likely that these unions played a role in the eventual diminishment of the Christian population in Anatolia and its transition from Greek/Christian to Turkish/Muslim. Vryonis Jr, Speros (1971). The Decline of Medieval Hellenism in Asia Minor and the Process of Islamization from the Eleventh through the Fifteenth Century. California: Berkeley University Press. p. 176. 🤪🤪🤪🤪🤪🌝🌝🌝🌝🌝
    1
  3883. Jokes
    1
  3884.  @HannoBarca_814  aynen ya yabancılar türk tarihini iyi bilmiyor daha çok gelmeli
    1
  3885. Cap
    1
  3886. Ciddi misin :S
    1
  3887.  @Sultan_Baybars  👀 👄
    1
  3888. 🤓
    1
  3889. Then, on 3 September 1260, the Mongol forces met the army of the Egyptian Mamluks at the Spring of Goliath ('Ayn Jaliit) north of Jerusalem. The Mongol army contained a large admixture of Turks. The ethnic composition of the Mamluk army was very similar, in that it was mostly recruited from Turkish and Caucasian slaves, who had been purchased, trained and emancipated, whence the name: mamluk, 'possessed'. Spuler, B. (1977). The disintegration of the caliphate in the east. In P. Holt, A. Lambton, & B. Lewis (Eds.), The Cambridge History of Islam (The Cambridge History of Islam, pp. 141-174). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    1
  3890. Hassan A 😹😹🤣🤣🤣
    1
  3891. 😂😂😂😂😂😂
    1
  3892. He was Chagatai Turk not Uzbek
    1
  3893.  @trserhat33  they were neither mongolic nor sinitic 🤷‍♀️
    1
  3894. Alexander disliked this😅
    1
  3895.  @arash7353  lol Sogdians and Sakas got even enslaved by his soldiers
    1
  3896. Cringe
    1
  3897. Turco-Mongol*
    1
  3898.  @nocommentarygaming3335  Bedouins never ever conquered or ruled Khazaria/Cumania🙂
    1
  3899. @Judasçı 1500 in fact we ruled them in central asia too
    1
  3900. Their genetic have no connection with scythians
    1
  3901.  @wankawanka3053  ?
    1
  3902.  @DarkKnight-db1dy  Mangburni is considered a fearless leader and a great warrior.[3] Harold Lamb describes Jalal al-Din as "valiant son of a weak father",[37] Carl Sverdrup descibes Jalal al-Din as "brave and energetic".[4] Jürgen Paul describes Jalal al-Din as "the mighty wall". About his battle against Genghis khan at the banks of the Indus, Osborne describes him as the first vigilante enemy of Genghis khan[38] while Timothy May describes him as the most stalwart enemy of the Mongols in West Asia untill the time of the Mamluk Sultanate.[3] Modern scholarship credits him with halting the Mongol expansion by at least a decade. Shihab al-Din Muhammad al-Nasawi, the personal secretary of the Sultan Jalal ad-Din, described him as follows: He was swarthy (dark-skinned), small in stature, Turkic in "behavior" and speech, but he also spoke Persian. As for his courage, I have mentioned it many times when describing the battles he took part in. He was a lion among lions and the most fearless among his valiant horsemen. He was mild in his temper though, did not get easily provoked and never used bad language.[39] The Georgian Royal Annals from the 13th century described Jalal al-Din as follows: ...the Sultan Jalaldin - valorous and brave, courageous and fearless like some immaterial being, superb, strong and an excellent fighter, came to the rescue of his father with a 5 small group of soldiers, picked him up, and together they fled to Khorasan.[40] In Tabaqat-i Nasiri, Juzjani describes Jalal al-Din as follows: Sultan Jalal ud-Din, Mangburni, was the eldest son of Sultan Muhammad, and was endowed with great heroism, valour and high talents and accomplishments.[7] In The Complete History, Ibn al-Athir described Jalal al-Din as follows:[41] ...Jalâl al-Dîn whom all the princes on earth held in awe and feared. At the end of the battle of the Indus, Genghis khan said the following about Jalal al-Din:[42][10][43][37] A father should only have such a son. Whether he escaped from the fiery battlefield and came to the brink of salvation from the whirlwind of destruction, great deeds and great revolts will still come from him! Though considered a successful warrior and a general, Jalal al-Din is considered a poor ruler and his loss of re-established empire to the Mongol is attributed to the poor rulership of him. Jalal al-Din had enmity with all of his neighbours which resulted in Jalal's calls to form alliance against the Mongol army of Chormaqan being dismissed by all other Muslim kingdoms. Though historians agree that Jalal al-Din inherited these enmities from his father and predecessros.[1][3] Ibn al-Athir described Jalal al-Din as follows in regard to his ruling:[44] Jalâl al-Dîn was a bad ruler who administered his realm abominably. Among the princes who were his neighbours he did not leave one without showing hostility to him and challenging him for his kingdom, acting as a bad neighbour. As an example of that, as soon as he appeared in Isfahan and gathered an army, he invaded Khuzistan and besieged Tustar, a possession of the caliph. He marched to Daquqa, which he sacked and where he killed many people. It too belonged to the caliph. Then he took Azerbayjan, which was held by Uzbek, and attacked the Georgians, whom he defeated and harassed. Later he made war on al-Ashraf, lord of Khilât, and then on ‘Alâ’ al-Dîn, ruler of Anatolia, and on the Ismâ‘îlîs, whose lands he ravaged and many of whom he killed. He imposed upon them an annual tribute in money and also on others. Every prince abandoned him and would not take his hand.
    1
  3903. In fact, Turkic-speaking peoples have played a major role in Iranian history, ruling the country from the eleventh century up to the early twentieth. Even today they represent more than a quarter of Iran's population. Foltz, R. (2016) Iran in world history. Oxford etc.: Oxford University Press. p.61 😂
    1
  3904. Timurid Turk Hiç bilmeyen adam açsın Gaznelileri,Gurluları britannica veya hint kaynaklarından okusun çatır çutur türk istilası diye anlatmışlar The Sāmānids, Ghaznavids, Ghūrids, and Seljuqs were of Oğuz extraction. https://www.britannica.com/art/Central-Asian-arts/Eastern-Turkistan
    1
  3905.  @bennyyy81  we have independent republic :-)
    1
  3906. @Θ.Σ.Κ.30 NORTHERN CYPRUS TURKIC REPUBLIC 🙃
    1
  3907. Zort
    1
  3908. Yep
    1
  3909. Hulagu Khan was Sword of Persia too🤣🤣🤣
    1
  3910.  @Orgil.  Mongolian tribe of Mongolized Turkic origin Kurykan origin
    1
  3911.  @Orgil.  According to Timur and his father lol
    1
  3912. 🥹
    1
  3913.  @Orgil.  🤲🏿🤲🏿🤲🏿
    1
  3914.  @Orgil.  Kurykan clan lmao
    1
  3915.  @Orgil.  Buryats absorbed Kurykans
    1
  3916. In about 1440 John Argyropoulos wrote of the struggle for the freedom of ' Hellas ' in a letter addressed to John VIII as 'Emperor of Hellas'. We have come a long way from the days when the ambassador Liudprand of Cremona was thought unfit to be received at the Court because his credentials were addressed to the 'Emperor of the Greeks'. But 'Graeci' was never an acceptable term. George Scholarius, the future Patriarch Gennadius, who was to be the link between the old Byzantine world and the world of the Turcocratia, often uses 'Hellene' to mean anyone of Greek blood. But he had doubts about its propriety; he still retained the older view. When he was asked his specific opinion about his race, he wrote in reply: "Though I am a Hellene by birth, yet I would never say that I was a Hellene. For I do not believe as the Hellenes believed. I should like to take my name from my faith and, if anyone asked me what I am, to reply "a Christian". Though my father dwelt in Thessaly,' he adds, 'I do not call myself a Thessalian, but a Byzantine. For I am of Byzantium.' It is to be remarked that though he repudiates the name of Hellene he calls the Imperial City not New Rome or Constantinople, but by its old Hellenic name. Runciman, S. (1970). IMPERIAL DECLINE AND HELLENIC REVIVAL. In The Last Byzantine Renaissance (The Wiles Lectures, pp. 1-23). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    1
  3917. @Kerem sa
    1
  3918.  @katitobyt  ölümlü reis🤣🤣🤣
    1
  3919. Nobody even supports this. Pashtuns want Pan-Pashtunism, Kurds want Pan-Kurdism, Persians want Pan-Persianism, Balochs want Pan-Balochism…
    1
  3920.  @rashadahmadov4395  😬
    1
  3921. Nope
    1
  3922. Area under the rule of Safavid Empire got pretty much Turkified😅
    1
  3923. Ayyubids ruled Egyptians not Turks
    1
  3924. Durrani, Zand or Saffarid didn’t even rule Turks
    1
  3925. Samanids ruled only 5% of Turks
    1
  3926. Ghurids and Safavids weren’t even Iranic, Ghurids actually started 250 years Turkic rule in India
    1
  3927. Zands were Lurish speakers
    1
  3928.  @guzelataroach4450  :-)
    1
  3929.  @Asterix958  but i loved his pp hehe
    1
  3930.  @blackphoenix3220  We found more than 10 kingdoms in China wtf Turkic rule on Sinitic is longer than Sinitic rule on Turkic. And also they never ruled big part of Turks
    1
  3931. Anti Gauchistes Romance peoples,Germanic peoples,Slavic peoples ...
    1
  3932.  @Harsh-tf9he  Almost no ruler was ethnically Greek but Armenian, Illyrian, Thracian, Assyrian, Arab, Latin etc.
    1
  3933.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  Their identity was not Greek too but Roman. Imperium Romanum from 27 BC to 1453 AD.
    1
  3934.  @persianguy1524  Enver Pasha was Turkic Gagauz and half Albanian from his mother side , Ataturk was %0 albanian lol.
    1
  3935.  @persianguy1524  Ottomans being slavic or hellenic is biggest joke i have ever heard😹😹😹
    1
  3936.  @persianguy1524  Ataturk’s grandfathers came from Western Anatolia during the Ottoman period. Wtf is anatolian being albanian😂😂😂
    1
  3937.  @persianguy1524  Enver Pasha was Gagauz Turk according to Ottoman sources with albanian mother and circassian grandmother also
    1
  3938.  @persianguy1524  The Ottomans never broke off from their Turkishness They were born as Turks They grew up and died The recruits also those who did not drop their languages Why do you not see Orestes, Onegesius, Aremmel, Scotta etc next to Attila? It is written that it is given to the Turks and raised. These men are more Turkic than you. Again, the method of mankurtization was famous in the pre-Islamic Turks. It can be called a different model of re-used mankurtization. He also defends if Plato, one of the great philosophers. Likewise, Nizamülmülk is the same. The Ottoman Devshirme System The greatest example of Cultural Imperialism is to excommunicate the Valide sultans from Turkishness. For such a thing to happen, it is necessary to go back to the ages before Christ. Mo-tu Yabgu proposes to the Chinese queen. Chinese İçing Hatun married father and two sons and three Göktürk kagan. If we think in terms of the Valide, the German kings should not have been German but French Napoleon should have been Italian. But today it can only be laughed at. The British, who do not even speak English, adopt the death of Arslan Heart (!) Richard. Apart from that, Valide sultans knew Turkish. There were even those who wrote Turkish poems. Hoca Sâdeddin Efendi: In the eyes of the enemy, he would be a brave Turkish soldier like Efrasyâp, the Turkish soldier whose victories were shadowed 1.Murad Han: I hope I will show him Turkish mastery when I arrive. . In fact, whether the Osmanoğulları came from Turks or Turks from Osmanoğulları, it cannot be distinguished. Our Ottoman Haned is not a custom-made dynasty that was invited from Europe or the land for a state. It is personally institutional and loyal. 2. Abdülhamit: I am Turkish, I will remain Turkish. 5.Mehmed Reşad: I am the Ottoman Sultan, the Caliph of Islam, but first of all, I am the Turkish Hakan. Barbaros Hayreddin Pasha: These Arabs do not know the art of war. They think that looting in the desert is the same as fighting as an army. While the Spanish infidel, who knows the art of war, has always been defeated by the Turkish levent, it is not known by what reason these Arab tribes will appear before the Turks and become miserable. Because in them, human life is very worthless. Instead of knowing their worship, they say 'everything is from God' and die stupidly. There are expressions praising Turkishness among Ottoman historians. For example, Aşıkpaşazâde, while describing Süleyman Pasha, says "The age of the Turks became a Turk". While Hodja Sadeddin describes the Ottoman conquests in his work, he praises the Turkish army with expressions such as "Turkish valiant", "Turkish soldiers who overshadowed their victories". Mehmed Neşrî, in his book, became angry when Murad I invited the Serbian King to the new war and expresses that the sultan was proud of Turkishness by saying "I hope I show him Turkish masculinity". In the work titled Gazavât-ı Sultan Murad, it is emphasized that "the war pioneer of the Turkish soldier, how the infidels who previously spoke forward against the Turks could not stand and fled". Tâcizâde Cafer Çelebi referred to the Ottoman soldiers in the period of Fatih as the "Muzaffer Turkish Army". Solakzade, one of the historians of the 17th century, positively refers to the Turkish name in its historical place and refers to Cem Sultan as "the son of the Turk who conquered Constantinople, the son of the Turkish sultan". Gelibolulu Mustafa Ali, one of the greatest historians of the 16th century, describes the Turkish tribes in the history of the world named "Künhü'l-Ahbâr" and mentions these as "elite nation, beautiful ummah". When Tahsin Pasha mentions the Söğüt Regiment in his memoirs, he mentions it as "the Karakeçili squadron, whose blood is circulating with the clean and blessed blood of the Turkish generation". Apart from these, such positive expressions can be found in the works of many Ottoman historians. Apart from salads, there is an emphasis on Turkishness in many of our poets. The Ottomans always accept as the successor of Oğuz Han. There is also evidence showing that there is a Turkish consciousness in the palace. Today we have many Uighur Turkish texts thought to have been written in the period of Fatih. In the field of miniature, it is obvious instead of the Uighurs. In addition, Bostancı aghas and kazask specialists, who could speak privately to the sultan, were made up of Turks. Again, 131 sheikhs served in Ottoman history from 1425 to 1922. 122 of them are Egyptian, Turkish. Reîsülküttâblar and marksmen may have more than 40 Turkish and more than 20. 54 of them may be Turkish and 27 of them may be Turkish. Again, more than 100 (some of them possible) of the most important positions are of Turkish origin. There is even the phenomenon of Turkishness in the recruited. Pargali Ibrahim Pasha told the envoy of Ferdinand, "How sharp and how far the Turks have penetrated their weapons, because many times on how many of you are." he said. The captains and levend in the Ottoman geography of Algeria were all Turks. Barbaros established a janissary system in Algeria. However, this was different from the one in Istanbul. Among the Ottoman rulers, Murat II is the greatest Turkist. His translation and copyright has been published in many books. He was Turkish scholar, poet, etc. Yazicioglu Ali Efendi's Tevarih-i Al-i Selcuk. U, Danişmendname of Molla Arif, Hüsrev and Şirin by Şeyhî and Kabusname of Mercimek Ahmet are among the important sources of the period. Murat II is an open supporter of Turkish. He found the Turkish of Kabusnâme's translation before Mercimek Ahmet badly. the annex was repeated to Ahmet. There is a calendar in 1297 in the manuscripts in Sulaymaniyah. This calendar is an English calendar presented to Murat II. This calendar was royalty in 843. In this calendar, the rulers of Chingiz lineage such as Chingiz, Ögedey, Küyük, Mengü and Hülegü were remembered with respect. Another aspect of this calendar is that it commemorates two rival principalities such as Karaman and Kadı Burhanettin with respect. Bedizzaman Mirza, the son of the ruler of Turkistan, Hüseyin Baykara, sat on the throne for a while after the death of his father, but when the Timurid dynasty was destroyed, he came to Istanbul via Iran and became the guest of Yavuz Sultan Selim. Yavuz gives great compliments to Bediuzzaman Mirza. Until he died in Istanbul from an epidemic in 1516, he was revered, and in a rumor, it is said that Yavuz Sultan Selim seated Bediuzzaman Mirza on the throne he had placed with him. During the reign of Yavuz Sultan Selim, an alliance was made between the Ottoman and Turkestan khanates against the Safavids, and even the ruler of Turkistan, Şeybani Han, was killed in the war with Shah Ismail. The Safavids dominated Turkistan for a while. Körkünçü Han, which was the Özbek Han, ended this domination. The first official correspondence between the Ottoman Empire and Turkistan coincides with this time. In this first official correspondence, Yavuz Sultan Selim informed the Çaldıran victory with a name to Körkünçü Han. The positive continues in the following periods of Ottoman-Turkistan. Sokullu Mehmet Pasha had considered the Don-Volga project to unite with Turkestan Turks, and the project failed when he appointed an incompetent man to head the project. But the relations are not cut in the continuation. During the reign of Abdulaziz, Yakup Han recognized the metbu and sent help. Prince Abdülkerim Efendi was also seated on the throne of Japan's History Turkistan. The Uyghur Turks rebelled against the Chinese with Abdülkerim Efendi. They had some success. However, the conditions were very unfavorable. Prince Abdülkerim Efendi was assassinated in New York. The Uighurs were very angry with this situation. In addition, when you look at İsmail İsmâil Hâmî Dânişmend's Annotated Ottoman history chronology, the majority of the Ottoman men are Turkish.Also, in the Book of Aşıkpaşazade, it does not emphasize that the Christian soldiers are your army, I guess you do not know the Sıpah, you do not know the Ottoman Army, the Suvari part Nerade, all the Turkish Type Infantry, even the sultan's guard. Sipahis are unique and Turkish. Even in the Histories of Western Universities, the Ottoman Empire is described as the imperialist state of the Turks. It is mentioned that the Ottomans made a Turkish race in the Balkans.
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  3939.  @persianguy1524  Those who founded and developed the Ottoman Empire had "Turkishness consciousness" and at the same time did not neglect the knowledge of "ummah". Ki question is "national" and the other "religious" identity. The two achieve perfection together. Famous Ottoman historian and Shaykh al-Islam Hodja Sadeddin Efendi uses expressions such as "Turkish heroes", "Turkish soldiers whose victories are shadowed" while describing the Ottoman conquests in his work titled "Tacü't Tevarih". On the other hand, Mustafa Ali of Gelibolulu, one of the most important historians of the 16th century, underlines his knowledge of "Turk" with the definition of "elite nation, beautiful ummah, Turkish nation" in the history of "Kühn-ul Ahbar". Solakzade Mehmet Hemdemi Efendi, one of the historians of the 17th century, mentions in his works "the son of the Turk who conquered Constantinople" Almost all palace historians attribute the Ottoman Dynasty to Oghuz Khan and Central Asia. They repeat it over and over again from the Ottomans, the Oghuz lineage and the Kayı Boyu. Fatih Sultan Mehmed, to his grandson from Cem Sultan "Oguz", II. He calls his grandson from Bayezid "Feared". Sultan II. The name of one of Abdülhamid's grandchildren is “Ertuğrul” (I think it was the poet Eşref, when they said “Sultan Abdülhamid became a grandson, they named him Ertuğrul”, he said, “When we say that the dynasty is over, are they starting again?” Malum: Osman Gazi The name of his father was “Ertuğrul”. When the Timur State claimed to be "Turkish", Sultan II. Murad feels the need to emphasize that the Ottoman Empire is also a "Turkish State" and puts Kayı Boyu's stamp on the coins and balls. Again, Sultan II. Turkish comes to the forefront during the Murad period, Yazıcızade Ali not only translates the "Selçukname" (Ibn Bibi) in which the Oghuzs and Turks are told into the Turkish of the time, but also enriches it with some additions and additions. In the period of Fatih, many religious, literary, moral, medical, political, dictionary and encyclopedic works are translated into Turkish. All official correspondence in the state is already in Turkish. Europeans are always the Ottoman "Turkey", the Sultan "Sultan of Turkey", in the Ottoman Empire "Turkey," he says, the Ottoman Empire in the map of Europe, "Turkish Empire" is shown as. So much so that the Europeans call the Muslim "turned Turkish". That is how Turkishness and Islam are identified. Although some of the grand viziers are "devshirme", the overwhelming majority of senior bureaucrats are "Turks". At the head of the administration is the "Turkish son Turkish" sultan. But the Ottoman State is never a "nation state". It was a multi-religious, multi-lingual, multiethnic formation. Therefore, top managers do not practice "Turkism", but they are never ashamed of their "Turkishness". As a matter of fact, the harsh response of Kanuni to the famous Grand Vizier Pargali Ibrahim Pasha who joked with Kanuni as "Big Turk" is famous: "Yes, I am Turk, do you have something to say?" You can imagine that Pargali went to the bottom of this answer. Hamish Scott (2015). The Oxford Handbook of Early Modern European History, 1350–1750: Volume II. p. 612. ISBN 9780191020001."The Ottoman Empire-also known in Europe as the Turkish Empire"
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  3940.  @persianguy1524  The Ottoman army did not only consist of janissaries.
    1
  3941.  @persianguy1524  You are the one who creates fantasy from your own pan-Iranist world. The ones I use are already the Ottoman palace sources anyway. I'm not crazy enough to believe fringe/ultra nationalistic hate speech claims that contradict academic reality.
    1
  3942.  @YoYo-oo4pz  morocco was vassal for a short time
    1
  3943. ⁠ Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222 The earliest reference to the Mongols classifies them as a Tang dynasty tribe of Shiwei during the eighth century. It was only after the fall of the Liao dynasty in 1125 that they became an important tribe on the Central Asian steppe, but tribal wars weakened their power over the ensuing century. During the thirteenth century, the term Mongol was used to refer to the Mongolic and Turkic tribes who fell under the control of Genghis Khan. The Mongols are primarily a shamanist society; their central deity is the sky god Tenger. Native Peoples of the World: An Encyclopedia of Groups, Cultures and Contemporary Issues By Steven L. Danver, p.225 When Temüjin was a boy, the center of the steppe world was the Orkhon Valley, the old imperial site of the Türks. The valley was dominated by the Kereit. To the west, on the upper Irtysh River, lay Naiman territory. The Kereit and Naiman, not the Mongols, were masters of the steppe. The Kereit and Naiman elites spoke Turkic and had partially converted to Christianity under the influence of the Nestorian Church. In an effort to out do each other, To'oril of the Kereit and Tayang Qan of the Naiman accumulated men, weapons, alliances, and prestige. Yesügei Ba'atur sided with the Kereit. Later Chinggis Khan would subdue the Kereit and the Naiman in the course of a protracted effort to defeat all challengers among the steppe peoples. The Horde How the Mongols Changed the World Marie Favereau, p.32-33
    1
  3944.  @CenabNagiyev  la olum instan var mı
    1
  3945.  @CenabNagiyev  epeydir görüşemedik
    1
  3946.  @CenabNagiyev  dc reddit twitter vs. ? Tek youtube kullanıyor olamazsın
    1
  3947.  @CenabNagiyev  sana dm den yazcam ya
    1
  3948.  @CenabNagiyev  yemicem la korkma fpcğdmdm
    1
  3949. It is very hard to know origins of the Rowthers some say they were Dravidians some say Turks
    1
  3950. Based Turks :)
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  3951. Source ?
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  3952.  @notatroll78  44% is really old and debunked claim
    1
  3953.  @Stateira-Persia-Iran  There is no nation which so readily adopts foreign customs as the Persians. Thus, they have taken the dress of the Medes, considering it superior to their own; and in war they wear the Egyptian breastplate. As soon as they hear of any luxury, they instantly make it their own: and hence, among other novelties, they have learnt unnatural lust from the Greeks. “HERODOTUS”
    1
  3954. Keep crying
    1
  3955. Yeah
    1
  3956. Northern Africans are Berbers except Egypt
    1
  3957.  @justsaying7565  Saladin was worthy of particular praise as an exceptional figure who had ‘cleansed the holy places of infidelity, who fought the Franks and abolished the trinity of God’. The sultan was described as being of the Turkish dynasty , although his name was given as ‘Salah al-Din al-Kurdi’. “The View from the East: From the Medieval Age to the Late Nineteenth Century.” The Life and Legend of the Sultan Saladin, by JONATHAN PHILLIPS, Yale University Press, NEW HAVEN; LONDON, 2019, pp. 329–344. under the Turkish dynasty , from the days ofSalah al-Din ibn Ayyub on. This is because the Turkish amirs under the Turkish dynasty [of the Ayyubids and Mamluks] were afraid that their ruler might proceed against the de- scendents they would leave behind “The Face of Medieval Jerusalem.” Jerusalem: The Holy City in the Eyes of Chroniclers, Visitors, Pilgrims, and Prophets from the Days of Abraham to the Beginnings of Modern Times, by F. E. Peters, Princeton University Press, PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY, 1985, pp. 379–426. It is rather jarring to hear Sanudo describe the eleventh-century Turks as ‘unskilled in war’ given that they had just conquered the bulk of the Near East,but nonetheless he is undoubtedly right in his claim that the Zangid/Ayyubid Turks in Syria built up their heavy cavalry in response to the Franks. The crusader states and their neighbours : a military history, 1099-1187 Author: Nicholas Morton Publisher: Oxford Oxford University Press 2020 Pp 229. Initiated by Pope Innocent III , the original intention of the crusade was to attack the Turkish Ayyubid dynasty in Egypt , but along the way financial and other considerations diverted the French and Venetian crusaders to Constantinople The Late Byzantine Army: Arms and Society, 1204-1453 Mark C. Bartusis University of Pennsylvania Press, 1992 pp.6
    1
  3958.  @mohamedhesham5779  kürdi ama Avrupa ve islam kaynakları türk gücü olarak tanımlamış
    1
  3959.  @ibragimshakh  garbage statement
    1
  3960. Persians were under the foreign rule after collapse of Sasanians
    1
  3961. Some say they were missiles
    1
  3962. ”Fifty thousand Persians in full armour and riding at full gallop could not buckle and route a single Minggan (thousand) of Turks” - Al Maqrizi
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  3963. Ottoman legitimacy drew on Turco-Mongol and Islamic precedents. Fleischer sees the Ottoman Empire as a 'unique, if not aberrant, phe nomenon' in Islamic history due to its emphasis on natural justice and the central role of the Ottoman dynasty as rulers of a defined geographic sphere (Fleischer, 1986: 253). The sixteenth-century Ottoman theorists Ebu's-Su'ud and Mustafa Ali upheld broadly similar theses for the legiti macy of the Ottomans which included the manipulation of their lineage to indicate their descent from Oghuz, the eponym of the Ghuzz Turks, their inheritance of Muslim lands from the Seljuk Turks and their dedica tion to justice, understood as a religious, universal concept (Imber, 1997: 73-4; Fleischer, 1986: 282, 287-8). Although the Ottomans adopted a more obviously Islamic profile after their conquest of the Arab lands, including the holy cities of Mecca and Medina, in the early sixteenth century, a distinction remained between religion and the state/dynasty (din-ü-devlet) which was also apparent in the Ottomans' dual legal sys tem based on the Shari'a and 'state' kamun, despite the close partnership between the two. Secular attitudes derived from the Turco-Mongol heritage were also qualified by the tendency among Ottoman political theorists of dis cussing international relations using the medieval dar al-islam/dar al-harb formulation and its concomitant, jihad or ghaza. This reflected the ori gins of the Ottoman Empire as a Turkic warrior principality on the frontiers of Byzantium which led generations of Ottoman sultans to style themselves 'holy warriors' (ghazis) until the Empire's demise in the 1920s. Their conquest of the Balkans and Aegean peninsula was legitimised in terms of jihad against the infidel, and their conquest of Constantinople was celebrated as the culmination of the Islamic conquests which had begun in the seventh century. In much advice literature of the sev enteenth and eighteenth centuries, the need to continue the jihad and expand the Ottoman Muslim domain in order to restore the inner vital ity of the Empire is a recurrent trope alongside more practical suggestions for reform. International Society and the Middle East: English School Theory at the Regional Level (Palgrave Studies in International Relations) 2009th Edition by B. Buzan (Editor), A. Gonzalez-Pelaez (Editor) p.55
    1
  3964.  @TheLightThatMakeYouBlind  Zheng He is the main thing
    1
  3965. Greeks: Oh No
    1
  3966. Attila Urban Long live Principality of Hungary(Western Tourkia)
    1
  3967. Sa
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  3968.  @CenabNagiyev  kaç yaşındasın
    1
  3969.  @CenabNagiyev  abi her gün 5 abonen artıyor😹
    1
  3970.  @islammehmeov2334  🤓
    1
  3971. @i o Zengid dynasty
    1
  3972. erdaltv Felaket soykırımlar yapıldı aga,zorla bulgarca adları dayattılar,türkiyeye gönderdiler,tarihlerini inkar ettiler vs Bulgarların önemli bir kısmında türk düşmanlığı var
    1
  3973. erdaltv Yine de ben her insanı aynı kefeye koymam
    1
  3974.  @Viikkinu  it was
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  3975.  @Viikkinu  Finnic what😅😅 they were Germanic peoples
    1
  3976.  @xshandy5812  they are örönöc🤣🤣
    1
  3977.  @Orgil.  This was because Turkic peoples constituted most of the Mongol army (Bregel 1991, 60).
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  3978.  @aburoach9268  Then, on 3 September 1260, the Mongol forces met the army of the Egyptian Mamluks at the Spring of Goliath ('Ayn Jaliit) north of Jerusalem. The Mongol army contained a large admixture of Turks. The ethnic composition of the Mamluk army was very similar, in that it was mostly recruited from Turkish and Caucasian slaves, who had been purchased, trained and emancipated, whence the name: mamluk, 'possessed'. Spuler, B. (1977). The disintegration of the caliphate in the east. In P. Holt, A. Lambton, & B. Lewis (Eds.), The Cambridge History of Islam (The Cambridge History of Islam, pp. 141-174). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    1
  3979.  @aburoach9268  Bahri Mamluks who defeated Ilkhanates were actually ethnicakly Turkic peoples (Kipchaks) whereas Burji Mamluks were ethnic Circassians. Only a few Mamluk rulers were non-Turkic or non-Circassian.
    1
  3980.  @aburoach9268  Academic sources > your ultra-nationalists feelings btw
    1
  3981.  @aburoach9268  Before the rise of Genghis Khan Mongolic was spreading at westward and absorbing Turkic speakers (Janhunen, 2008). During the Mongol expansion, Turkic speakers whose tribes and states had been incorporated into the Mongol empire were so much more numerous than Mongols that, although Mongolian was the language of command, it was Turkic rather than Mongolic speech that was chiefly spread across Central Asia and the central and western steppe. Antonio Benítez-Burraco, ‎Steven Moran 2018 p.92
    1
  3982. Turkey😍😍😍
    1
  3983. Gagauz is basically sub-dialect of Balkan Turkish dialect.
    1
  3984. @Proud_Rumelian An Azerbaijani Youtuber went to Gagauzia and communicated them without using Translator. For this reason, I think it is correct to classify both of them as dialects.
    1
  3985.  @toucanmasterx  Turkish
    1
  3986.  @toucanmasterx  yup
    1
  3987. Half of Mongolians actually have some Turkic ancestry
    1
  3988.  @Excusmi  what’s your tribe?
    1
  3989. 🤓🤓🤓🤓🤓
    1
  3990.  @malekith5529  👶🏻
    1
  3991. Latvian
    1
  3992. Dario Moreno 😂😂😂
    1
  3993.  @badcule  for a very short time
    1
  3994. @الشيخ الكبير 100-150 years tf is 300
    1
  3995. @الشيخ الكبير Tervel Khan was Turkic Bulgar origin who destroyed Umayyad army very bad in siege of Constantinople
    1
  3996. @الشيخ الكبير Tervel Khan also known as Saviour of Europe
    1
  3997. CarlosWolff23 we are Turanid/Turkic
    1
  3998.  @mahmoodali5043  Arabs were puppets and vassals of Turkic empires after collapse of Abbasids🤣
    1
  3999.  @ryansmith8345  It means you don't know enough about this subject. You've read fantasies written by ultra-nationalist propagandists on forum sites like Quroa. Indeed, it is ridiculous to claim that Osman , Orhan, Murad I and others did not speak Turkish at court.
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  4000.  @leonardoferrari4852  As usual, you speak without proof. To claim that all Ottoman sultans, especially those before Bayezid I knew Persian :-) even the crows would laugh at this... Safavids and Mughals used Persian as their lingua franca while speaking Turkic in the palace due to the influence of the past and the regions they ruled, but Turkic was always the official language in the Ottomans. The army language was only Turkic and all janissaries learned it from childhood, and the palace language was Turkic, sometimes together with various foreign languages ​​(Latin, Greek, Arabic, Persian, Slavic, French). Even the many Ottoman sultans spoke fluently not only Oghuz Turkic, but also Chagatai and Kipchak Turkic. Contrary to the most of Turkic states, Turkic was undoubtedly the most important language in the Ottoman Empire, and hundreds of thousands of Old Anatolian Turkish and Ottoman Turkish works written are proof of this. Even in digital libraries alone, it is possible to find over 10000 Ottoman Turkish/Old Anatolian Turkish manuscripts. It is also quite funny to discuss this in a video that has nothing to do with the Ottomans.
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  4001.  @leonardoferrari4852  Ottoman military language was not Turkic, Janissaries didn’t speak Turkic🤣🤣🤣 Which parallel universe are you living? Learning Turkic was part of the Janissary education. Similarly, many Turkish-speaking Ottoman soldiers, most notably the Janissaries, were not Turks by birth but natives of the Balkans. Winter, M. (1998). Ottoman Egypt, 1525–1609. In M. Daly (Ed.), The Cambridge History of Egypt (The Cambridge History of Egypt, pp. 1-33). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. One specific aspect of the Ottoman army that developed in the era of imperial expansion, and that came to be seen as a source of structural weakness in the decline narrative, was the incorporation of mamluks. The practice of taking boys or young men as military slaves, or mamluks, was a widespread strategy for building armed forces in the region before Ottoman expansion, and it became a central component of the Empire's military structures in both Istanbul and the outer provinces. James Waterson (2007) provides an overview of Ottoman Mamluk policy beginning in the late fourteenth century with the recruitment of Christian boys taken prisoner during wars of expansion in the Caucuses. Some were directed into the Janissaries, an elite and highly unified force. Their training involved conversion to Islam and learning Turkish-thus contributing to the establishment of an Islamic and Turkish-speaking core of Ottoman culture and they were provided with generous salaries and pensions. The result was a new class of elite subjects culled from a Christian minority and devoted to the Ottoman sultan. As time went on, the Janissaries gained political power, which they used to oppose military reforms that might threaten their position: they remained a dominant force in the military until Sultan Mahmud II managed to put down a Janissary uprising (with enormous amounts of bloodshed) and abolish the corps in 1826. 2020. ROUTLEDGE HISTORY OF GLOBAL WAR AND SOCIETY. [S.l.]: ROUTLEDGE.
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  4002.  @leonardoferrari4852  The Safavids did not speak Turkic and purged the Turks away from the ruling class? You have to be blind and deaf to believe that 😅 The Safavids were literally a Turkic administration and they really attached great importance to Turkic language. Terms like “Turc Agemi” and “Lingua Turcica Agemica” are from the Safavid era. It was also known as Qizilbash rule in many primary sources. Georgians (Kizilbashoba), Ottomans, and even local Iranians have often called the Safavids the Qizilbash rule. We may distinguish two social layers within the Turkish element which has entered Persian. The first, the low layer, may already be represented in the above-mentioned change in linguistic structure. But as well as that, the names of types of food are frequently Turkish, e.g., dolma, "meat in grape-leaves,"17 an Osmanli word which is doc umented over a wide area, reaching from Scandinavia, the Balkans, and Hungary to Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in central Asia. As I have observed elsewhere: "Osmanlılar dünyayı kılıçla değil, tabahatla feth etmişlerdir," "The Osmanlis have conquered the world, not with the sword, but with their culinary art." The Mullā stories, 18 too, popular entertaining anecdotes, are of Osmanli origin. Nowadays they have reached the comic papers of China, in which the afandi (that is, Turkish efendi) plays an eminent role. The second, the high layer, has a totally different origin. We must consider the fact that, from about 977 until 1925, hence for about 1,000 years, Turkish (and Mongolian) dynasties reigned over Iran. The Turkish vocabulary in Persian belongs preponderantly to the fields of government ate, law, army, warfare, armaments, and booty. Turkish was the language of the soldiers and the court. While the court of Delhi, i.e., the Turkish court of India, spoke Persian, the official language of the Safavi court (six teenth century onward) was Azerbaijan Turkish, so that Kaempfer¹⁹ remarked in 1685 "ut pene nunc turpe sit in Persiâ viro alicujus nominis ignorare Turcicam . . . ita ab exteris diligitur quae in ipsâ patriâ sordet magnatibus," "that it is almost ugly in Persia for a man of any renown to ignore Turkish, and so that [the Persian language] is esteemed abroad which in its own country is despised by the noble men." Many aristocratic titles were Turkish, just as the English titles Hovannisian, R. and Sabagh, G., 1998. The Persian presence in the Islamic world. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p.240. The state was known as the dawlat-i qizilbash , ‘the ordained rule of the redheads’, as mamlika (domain) and, like the ottoman empire, as ‘the pro tected domains (mamalik-i mahrusa)’. “The Safavids.” The History of Islamic Political Thought: From the Prophet to the Present, by ANTONY BLACK, NED - New edition, 2 ed., Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 2011, pp. 223–239. According to É. Á. Csató et al, A specific Turkic language was attested in Safavid Persia during the 16th and 17th centuries, a language that Europeans often called Persian Turkish ("Turc Agemi", "lingua turcica agemica"), which was a favourite language at the court and in the army because of the Turkic origins of the Safavid dynasty. The Iranians thought the Turks coarse and uncouth, lacking any appreciation for poetry and the other fine arts. The Turks, on the other hand, looked down on the Persians as effete and unable to pacify and protect their own country. This conflict is said by one recent commen- tator to have been a major cause for the collapse of the regime. The Safavid emperors were never able to integrate the two types into a coherent, unified governing system." Blake, S. (1991). Courtly and popular culture. In Shahjahanabad: The Sovereign City in Mughal India 1639–1739 (Cambridge South Asian Studies, pp. 122-160). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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  4003.  @leonardoferrari4852  In what language was the Baburname written? Chagatai Turkic was of course the official language when Babur Shah founded the state, but Humayun changed that. However, they continued to speak Chagatai Turkic together with Persian and various Indo-Aryan languages in the palace.
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  4004.  @leonardoferrari4852  Hamsayegan is an Iranian website and does not prove your claim, it just mentions that some Ottoman sultans wrote poetry in Persian, which I have not denied anyway, and this is not something to glorify any nation (just as English being the world language does not glorify the Germanic race). The ancestors of the Ottomans were a small Oghuz tribe who escaped Mongol invasions and migrated from the north central asia to Anatolia after the collapse of the Khwarezmian Empire and therefore did not know any language other than Turkic. There is no evidence that Ertuğrul, Osman, Orhan and Murad I knew Persian because Bayezid I learned Persian for the first time from the Ottoman sultans. It is correct to say that many Turkic leaders knew Persian. However, claiming that all Turkic Muslim leaders know is nothing but ultra nationalism. Just as English, French, German, Spanish and Portuguese are popular today, Greek, Latin, Italian, Hebrew, Arabic and Persian were popular in the Ottoman geography at that time. What if they learned, so what do you aim to achieve based on this reason alone? I do not think that any propaganda material will come out of this and that it will contribute to the Iranian diaspora.
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  4005. the Arabic proverb cited by the North African analytic historian Ibn Khaldun of the fourteenth century: dawlah 'ind al-turk, din 'ind al-'arab wa adab 'ind al-furs Power (rests) with the Turk, religion with the Arab, and culture with the Persian.
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  4006.  @jihangirastra3851  Timur didn’t even know mongolian
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  4007.  @jihangirastra3851  Once again the invasion came from central Asia; this time it was Tamerlane, a Barlas Turk, who set up a new empire with Samarqand as his capital. Tamerlane is perhaps the greatest conqueror Asia has ever produced. The name Tamerlane, by which he is known to Europe, is derived from his nickname Timur-i-Lang or c The Lame Timur', for he was wounded in the foot in a minor encounter in Afghanistan. He was born in 13 3 5, the son of a chief of a Turkish tribe. Elgood, C. (2010). The Empire of Tamerlane. In A Medical History of Persia and the Eastern Caliphate: From the Earliest Times Until the Year A.D. 1932 (Cambridge Library Collection - History of Medicine, pp. 324-347). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511710766.013 He was a Turk of the Barlas tribe; this tribe, like many others, boasted a Mongol name and ancestry, but for all prac- tical purposes it was Turkic. Turki was thus Timur’s mother tongue, although he may have known some Persian from the cultural milieu in which he lived; he almost certainly knew no Mongolian, though Mongol terminology had not quite disappeared from administrative documents and coins. Soucek, S. (2000). Timur and the Timurids. In A History of Inner Asia (pp. 123-143). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511991523.011 The Timurid dynasty was founded in 1370 by the Turkic warlord Temür, usually known in the west as Tamerlane (Temür the lame). Temür and his followers were Turks loyal to the Mongol tradition, but they were also Muslim and well acquainted with Perso-Islamic culture. Forbes Manz, B. (2018, April 26). Tamerlane and the Timurids. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History. Tamerlane (Timur-i Lang, Timur the Lame) (1336–1405) Outstanding political and military tactician; rallied tribal support in the region east of the Ferghana Valley, and established a Turkic dynasty based on Samarkand 2010). Tamerlane. In The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages. : Oxford University Press. Eastern Turkic Timurids and the Western Turkic Oghuz of the Ottoman Empire actually dated to the earliest days Schluessel, Eric T. 2016. The Muslim Emperor of China: Everyday Politics in Colonial Xinjiang, 1877-1933. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences. Though not Mongol himself, Timur himself had sought to enhance the legitimacy of his rule by assuming the mantle of the line of Chaghatai Khan, with whom he claimed kinship. He had adopted the title of Gurkan (son-in-law) in reference to his marriage to Tukul Khanum, whose father was directly related to Chaghatai Khan and additionally installed a puppet king from the Chaghatid clan on the throne. Quite appropriately therefore Babur, Humayun and Akbar saw themselves first and foremost as princes of the great house of Timur (1336 - 1405), who had conquered vast tracts of territory in Central Asia and even sacked Delhi in 1398. Additionally they traced their ancestry even further back to the Mongol warrior Chenggiz Khan (1167 - 1227), who had upon his death, divided his vast Mongol empire among his four sons, a crucial event later illustrated by Akbar's artists. Mughalistan (including the western Tarim Basin and Kashgar) and Transoxania were bestowed upon his second son Chaghatai Khan (d. 1242). When these two wings of dominion were split up late in the thirteenth century, Transoxania in the west became the scene of mass conversion to Islam and a great deal of intermarriage with Turkic tribes people before it eventually fell to Timur, a Barlas Turk. Timur's descendants had ruled Transoxania until they succumbed to the forces of the Shaibanid Turks in 1508- 9. The remaining descendants of the surviving Timurids - the Chaghataid Turks, still survived in certain parts of Central Asia ( especially Ferghana), nurturing a festering ego ever since their dynasty had fallen into near oblivion. Timurid central Asia and Mughal India : some correlations regarding urban design concepts and the typology of the Muslim house Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1995. "Belonging to a minor military family, and of Turkish origin, Timur was born in Transoxiana (present-day Uzbekistan) in the fourteenth century. He rose to prominence in the service of the local Mongol ruler, claimed to be descended from Chingiz-Khan, and defeated all competitors." Massoume Price (2005). Iran's Diverse Peoples: A Reference Sourcebook. ABC-CLIO. p. 56. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2001–2005. "Tamerlane, c.1336–1405, Turkic conqueror, b. Kesh, near Samarkand. He is also called Timur Leng (Faisal R.). Gérard Chaliand, Nomadic Empires: From Mongolia to the Danube translated by A.M. Berrett, Transaction Publishers, 2004. translated by A.M. Berrett. Transaction Publishers, p.75. ISBN 0-7658-0204-X. Limited preview at Google Books. p. 75., ISBN 0-7658-0204-X, p.75., "Timur Leng (Tamerlane) Timur, known as the lame (1336–1405) was a Muslim Turk. He aspired to recreate the empire of his ancestors. He was a military genius who loved to play chess in his spare time to improve his military tactics and skill. And although he wielded absolute power, he never called himself more than an emir.", "Timur Leng (Tamerlane) Timur, known as the lame (1336–1405) was a Muslim Turk from the Ulus of Chagatai who saw himself as Genghis Khan's heir."
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  4008. In about 1440 John Argyropoulos wrote of the struggle for the freedom of ' Hellas ' in a letter addressed to John VIII as 'Emperor of Hellas'. We have come a long way from the days when the ambassador Liudprand of Cremona was thought unfit to be received at the Court because his credentials were addressed to the 'Emperor of the Greeks'. But 'Graeci' was never an acceptable term. George Scholarius, the future Patriarch Gennadius, who was to be the link between the old Byzantine world and the world of the Turcocratia, often uses 'Hellene' to mean anyone of Greek blood. But he had doubts about its propriety; he still retained the older view. When he was asked his specific opinion about his race, he wrote in reply: "Though I am a Hellene by birth, yet I would never say that I was a Hellene. For I do not believe as the Hellenes believed. I should like to take my name from my faith and, if anyone asked me what I am, to reply "a Christian". Though my father dwelt in Thessaly,' he adds, 'I do not call myself a Thessalian, but a Byzantine. For I am of Byzantium.' It is to be remarked that though he repudiates the name of Hellene he calls the Imperial City not New Rome or Constantinople, but by its old Hellenic name. Runciman, S. (1970). IMPERIAL DECLINE AND HELLENIC REVIVAL. In The Last Byzantine Renaissance (The Wiles Lectures, pp. 1-23). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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  4009. B🐸ksurat origins
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  4010. The Turks were considered as the best warriors due to their horsemanship and skill in archery. Kaushik Roy., n.d. Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400-1750: Cavalry, Guns, Government and Ships (Bloomsbury Studies in Military History). p.24. While there is much more than this to the Turks, it is true that Turks rank among history's great empire-builders and rulers. Under the Ottomans they conquered vast territories in the Balkans and the Middle East and ruled for six hundred years. Turkey Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments pp.30
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  4011. Nope. Ottomans never said anything about those rulers being persian
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  4012. Nader Shah TURKIC Warrior 😎 Ottomans called him as Turkmaniyye
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  4013. Do you want to Ottoman source?
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  4014.  @aminzand2200  wrong
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  4015. Hassan Abdulsalam Zand was Lurs Nader Shah is Turkmen
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  4016.  @persianguy1524  least delusional poorsian mashallah👳🏾‍♂️👳🏾‍♂️👳🏾‍♂️
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  4017.  @persianguy1524  prove it idiot kid🤣
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  4018. ali tari BC 2600 Hattians bro
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  4019.  @marinablotnick6668  Many Mongolian tribes have Turkic roots and most Mongol army was Turkic as well.
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  4020. Nice Azerbaijan is part of Turkey not iron
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  4021. 🤓
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  4022. 🐸
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  4023. Following the usual pattern for empires, over time central authority weakened and the Seljuk territories became increasingly fragmented. Throughout the twelfth century Seljuk states had to contend not only with the Frankish Crusader presence in the west, but also raids from the Qara-khanids and others in the east. The next and greatest wave of nomadic invasions from Central Asia was led not by Turks but by Mongols, who spoke an unrelated language but whose culture was similar to that of the Turks in many ways. After Genghis (Chinggis) Khan united the Mongol tribes in 1206, many Turkic clans as well joined his army. Throughout Genghis Khan's life- time, the Mongol-Turkic confederation expanded their control through a series of military campaigns, taking on the Chinese in the east and Iranians in the west. From 1218 to 1221 they brutally crushed the region of Khwarazm (present-day Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan, at that time still Iranian-speaking), opening the way to the conquest of Iran. By the time of Genghis's death in 1227, the Mongol-led nomadic confederacy controlled a huge swath of land from the Caspian Sea to the Korean peninsula.
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  4024. Être fort comme un Turc (‘to be strong like a turk’): This expression originates in the 15th century when the Turks had a reputation for being strong, almost unbeatable warriors due to their numerous victories. At the time, the Ottoman Empire ruled large parts of south-east Europe, north Africa and western Asia. It is said that François I, King of France, was gifted Turkish armour by Suleiman the Magnificent (the tenth and most famous sultan of the Ottoman Empire) during their alliance. When he wore it, he is said to have exclaimed: “Here I am now, strong as a Turk!”.
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  4025.  @yaqubleis6311  As the matter of fact that your Indo-Elamite ancestors themselves actually referred Safavids as Qizilbash Turks The state was known as the dawlat-i qizilbash , ‘the ordained rule of the redheads’, as mamlika (domain) and, like the ottoman empire, as ‘the pro tected domains (mamalik-i mahrusa)’. “The Safavids.” The History of Islamic Political Thought: From the Prophet to the Present, by ANTONY BLACK, NED - New edition, 2 ed., Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, 2011, pp. 223–239. The early Safavid state was often referred to by contemporary Iranian chroniclers as 'the Qizilbash kingdom', because of the dominance of the Qizilbash tribes and their chiefs. David BLOW. Shah Abbas: the Ruthless King who became an Iranian Legend. London: I.B. Tauris, 2009. xiv + 274 pp., ill., pbk. ISBN: 978-1-84511- 989-8. It was burdened with dangers and difficulties, but worst of all “ torn by Qizilbash faction ” ( as R. Savory puts it . ) As a matter of fact , one of the first things which ' Abbās did was to destroy the power of the Qizilbash , who considered themselves the lawful rulers of the state , 31 which they called in its early establishment , Dawlat - i Qizilbash (The Qizilbash State). The Islamic Quarterly. Islamic Cultural Centre. 1987. p. 91. This list of qualities reads like a catalogue of all that he found wanting in the Persians he met.29 His view was that Persia had no real nobility; by that he ruled out the Turkman military élite which had monopolized all the pro- vincial governments and most of the important offices since Safavid rule began at the beginning of the sixteenth century. He was contemptuous of their aristocratic pretensions; their coarse, ignorant behaviour confirmed their origins as mere soldiers of fortune and Turkish at that. Persians-real Persians who lived under that intolerable subjection, and could trace their descent back beyond the Turkman supremacy-he saw in a different light.30 This was not simply a reflection of della Valle's snobbish concern with pedigree; there was still a marked distinction between these different elements in Safavid society. Pietro della Valle: The Limits of Perception J. D. Gurney Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London Vol. 49, No. 1, In Honour of Ann K. S. Lambton (1986), pp. 103-116 (14 pages) Published By: Cambridge University Press
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  4026.  @yaqubleis6311  Alexander the Great butchered Iranians from the Zagros to the Syr Darya, Romans sacked Iran's capital numerous times, and post-Islamic Iran consists of getting trampled by Arabs, Turks, and Mongols.
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  4027. Roman Empire was single empire also there is no such thing as Byzantines pr Eastern Romans too
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  4028. Celtic history be like
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  4029.  @Heycorcverseneborc476  😘
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  4030.  @devilsadvocate2251  it is very hard to say 😐
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  4031. İpek yolu bu
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  4032.  @oyku549  olum adam kötü bir şey dememiş la ben biliyorum yanlış anlama
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  4033. Btw big part of Mongol Empire was also Turkic😅
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  4034. Turkic peoples = The most Gigachad peoples of all time
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  4035.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  their Romanness is same with Romanness of Holy Roman Empire. We are talking about real Roman Empire there. (Rum is name of geography of Anatolia too) There are many Turkic states which derived their names from geography like Armenshahids, Khwarezmshahids, Sultanate of Rum, Khedivate of Egypt…
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  4036.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  lol Saladin called this state Sultanate of Egypt :-) Was he an Egyptian?
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  4037.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  Macedonians started Hellenistic era, Romans ended :-)
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  4038.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  Byzantine was not greek cause there is no such thing as byzantine💀
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  4039. While its true that there was some controversy about the origin of the Huns, the consensus after recent decades is that they were Turks of Oghuric affiliation, mostly based on credible studies confirming that the vast majority of attested Hunnic names, as well as all Hunnic successor clans are of evident Oghur Turkic origin. All Hunnic tribes (entirely Oghur Turkic) : Akatziri, Onogurs, Utigurs, Sabirs, Bulgars, Saragurs, Kutrigurs, Barsils Recorded Hunnic names of Turkic origin : Aigan = moon prince; from Turkic aï & can Alp Ilutuer / Ilteber = heroic chieftain; from Turkic alp & iltäbär Althias = six; from Turkic Alti Akkagas = white rock; from Turkic ak & kayač Atakam = elder shaman; from Turkic ata & kam Balach = calf; from Turkic Malaq Berik = strong; from Turkic Berık Basik = governor; from Turkic Bârsiğ Bleda = wise; from Turkic Bildä Bochas = either gullet; from Turkic Boğuz; or bull, from Buqa Dengizich = ocean-like, heavenly; from Turkic teɲez & dêɲri; or, more simply, great lake Donat / Donatu = horse; from Turkic Yonat Edeco = good; from Turkic Ädgü Ellac = to rule; from Turkic el & lä Emmedzur = horse lord; from Turkic Ämäcur Eskam / Esqam = companion of the shaman; from Turkic Eŝkam Hereka / Kreka = pure princess; from Turkic Arïqan Ernakh / Hernac = small man, heroic man; from Turkic Ernäk Iliger = prince man; from Turkic ilig & är Karadach = black mountain; from Turkic Qaradağ Karaton = black cloak; from Turkic Qarâton Kursik = either noble; from Turkic Kürsiğ; or belt-bearer, from Qurŝiq Kutilzis = blessed herald; from Turkic kut & elči Mundzuk = bead; from Turkic Munčuq Oebarsius / Aybars = moon leopard, from Turkic Aïbârs; or dun leopard, from oy & bars Oldogan / Odolgan = either red falcon; from Turkic al & dogan; or chubby, from Tolgun Oktar / Uptar = brave; from Turkic Öctär Ruga / Rua = wise man; from Turkic Ögä Turgun = still/calm; from Turkic Turkun Uldin = six; from Turkic Alti Zolban = shepherd star; from Turkic Čolpan.
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  4040. Hayasa azzi
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  4041. :-)
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  4042. (-:
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  4043. 😂😂😂
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  4044.  @Neverdyingpride  Para-Mongolics
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  4045. Kullandığı kaynak ne cidden çok merak ediyorum çünkü videoda tek hatalı yer orası
    1
  4046.  @aang297  👁️👄👄👁️
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  4047.  @setare1369  🤓
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  4048.  @matinmehdipoor3000  Homa Katouzian, "Iranian history and politics", Published by Routledge, 2003. p. 128: "Indeed, since the formation of the Ghaznavids state in the tenth century until the fall of Qajars at the beginning of the twentieth century, most parts of the Iranian cultural regions were ruled by Turkic-speaking dynasties most of the time. T
    1
  4049.  @wankawanka3053  👁️ 👄 👁️
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  4050. Hannibal Barca* hocam bana da ingilizce öğret pls
    1
  4051. Only Skanderbeg
    1
  4052. Page -26- Teragay, the chief of the tribe of Berlas, is said to 'i have been a tnau of distinguished piety and liberality, I and he inherited an incalculable number of slieep and goata,^ cattle and servants. His wife, Tekina Kha- I toum, was virtuous and beautiful; and on the 8th ' of April, 1336, she gave birth to a son, at their encampment, near the verdant walls^ of the delicious town of Kesh. This child was the future aspirant for universal empire. Timour was of the race of Toorkish wanderers, and be was of noble lineage, amougst a people who thought much of their descent. His countrymen lived in tents, loved the wandering lives of warlike shepherds, better than the luxury and ease of cities; and, even in the countries which they had conquered, preferred an encampment in the open plains, to "a residence in the most splendid palaces. Page -194- ^ Timour was the son of Teragay Nevian. He gives the following account of his lineage, in his memoirs :—" My father told me that we were descendants from Abu-al-Atrak (father of the Turks) the son of Japhet. His fifth son, Aljeh Khan, had twin sons, Tatar and Mogul, who placed their feet on the paths of infidelity. Turaene Khan had a son Kabul, whose son, Munga Bahadur, was the father of Temugin, small estate, with not more than three or four mounted attendants. He lived iu a village, near this city of Kesh, for the men of this land prefer living in the villages, and in the plains, to living in cities. His son, also, had not more than four or five horses. I will now tell you, what was told to the ambassadors, as certain truth in this city, and in other parts. It is said that Timour, having four or five servants, went out one day to steal a sheep, and on another day a cow, by force, from the people of the country. When he had got them, be ate them with his followers ; and some because of the plunder, others because he was a brave and good hearted man, joined him, until he had a force of three hundred mounted followers. From that time be traversed the country, to rob and steal all he could lay hands on, for himself and bis companions, and he also frequented the roads, and plundered the merchants.' Narrative of the embassy of Ruy Gonzalez de Clavijo to the court of Timour at Samarcand, A.D. 1403-6 by González de Clavijo, Ruy, d. 1412; Markham, Clements R. (Clements Robert), Sir, 1830-1916 ed Page -130- On Saturday, the 12th of April, the Emperor of TrebizonJ sent for the ambassadorSj and when they ai-rivcd at his palace, they found him in a saloon, which was in an upper story ; and he received them very well. After they had spoken with him, they returned to their lodging. With the emperor was his son, who was about twenty-five years of age ; and the emperor was tall and handsome. The emperor and his son were dressed in imperial robes. They wore, on their heads, tall hats surmounted by golden cords, on the top of which were cranes' feathers; and the hats were bound with the skins of martens. They call the emperor Germanoli,' and his son Quelex -^ and they call the son emperor as well as the father, because it is the custom to call the eldest legitimate son emperor, although his father may be alive; and the Greek name for emperor, is Basilens. This emperor pays tribute to Timour Beg, and to other Turks, who are his neighbours. He is married to a relation of the Emperor of Constantinople, and his son is married to the daughter of a knight of Constantinople, and has two little daughters."
    1
  4053. ?
    1
  4054. Based Turks :)
    1
  4055.  @myrddinemrys1332  But they never called themselves as Mughals
    1
  4056. ?
    1
  4057.  wratch-gd2jq  The noblest of these nations that were not interested in science are the Chinese and the Turks. The Chinese are the largest of the peoples by number, the most imposing by kingdom, and the most considerable by territory. The domains they occupy are in the eastern parts of the inhabited world, between the equinoctial line to the extreme of the seven climates to the north. His share in knowledge (ma'rifa) is to surpass all nations in mastery of handicrafts and perfection of graphic arts. They are the most suffered of men in the prolonged effort, which the improvement of the works [supposes], as well as in enduring the harshness of the penalties in the perfection of the arts (sana'i"). As for the Turks, [they] also form a great nation with numerous troops and an imposing kingdom. The domains they inhabit are found between the eastern regions of Juräsän, [on the side] of the Islamic empire, the western regions of China, northern India, and the extreme north of the inhabited world. Their virtue is that they stand out and achieve supremacy in doing war, as well as in the elaboration of weapons; for they are the most skilful of men in horsemanship and [warfare] tactics, and the keenest of eyes for spearing, striking with the sword, and shooting arrows. Ahmad, A.S. ibn and Salgado, M.F. (1999) Libro de las categorías de las naciones: Vislumbres desde el islam clásico sobre la filosofía y la ciencia. Tres cantos: Akal., p.43
    1
  4058. They got Germanicized, Slavized and Italicized
    1
  4059. Baseless claim
    1
  4060.  @carolpulma2734  It is not hard to understand that it is a heavily exaggeration.
    1
  4061. Tajikistan tajik Tajikistan is fake country kiddo,it was part of Turkish Khaganate
    1
  4062. Tajikistan tajik Look kid,kurds are not native anatolian they came from iran,only armenians are native anatolian
    1
  4063. Tajikistan tajik kurds are immigrant kid,go learn history
    1
  4064. Tajikistan tajik %35 of fake Iran is Azerbaijan and %20 of fake tajikistan is Turk😂😂😂 Eastern anatolia is turco-armenian-assyrian land never don key iranian land😂😂😂
    1
  4065. Tajikistan tajik Go to india gyspy👦🏾👳🏾‍♂️
    1
  4066. Tajikistan tajik tajikistan is fake country created by Soviets😂😂😂🤣🤣🤣 It was Part of Uzbekistan Lol
    1
  4067. Tajikistan tajik Before stalin there was no azeri kiddo but Caucasian Tatars(Azerbaijanis)
    1
  4068. Tajikistan tajik Kyrgyzstan is very old country created in BC 200 by Yenisei Kyrgyz tribes
    1
  4069. Hungarians are Ugricized natives
    1
  4070.  @user-gh9qh8bc8n  You don’t make any sense
    1
  4071.  @user-gh9qh8bc8n  R and Q have common ancestor from Buryatia so call P. Haplogroups have nothig to do with ethnicity, haplos were formed 25-30k years before emerging language families.
    1
  4072.  @user-gh9qh8bc8n  Central Asia was not originally Iranic or Tocharian. There were many natives like BMAC people.
    1
  4073.  @user-gh9qh8bc8n  nah. Even Iranians themselves are indo-iranized natives.
    1
  4074. Hate Israel from Turkey
    1
  4075. Kurds are literal made up ethnicity
    1
  4076. https://twitter.com/DokuzTugluKagan/status/1158821207569027073
    1
  4077. 👁️👄👁️
    1
  4078.  @Bogdan-uu5oe  Italo-Celtic ?
    1
  4079.  @Vasilefs_Terranorum  African countries are French and Germanic countries due to official language according to Greek logic lmao😅
    1
  4080.  @theanglo-lithuanian1768  Turks literally destroyed most Crusader states😂 and won most of battles
    1
  4081.  @theanglo-lithuanian1768  Almost All Crusader states got destroyed by Turks County of Edessa->Nuraddin Zangi County of Antioch->Baibars County of Jaffa and Ascalon->Baibars Lordship of Sidon->Baibars County of Tripoli->Al Mansur Qalawun Lordship of Tyre->Al Ashraf Khalil Kingdom of Jerusalem->Al Ashraf Khalil Duchy of Athens-> Turahanoğlu Ömer Bey Despotate of the Morea-> Mehmed the Conqueror Duchy of the Archipelago-> Selim II
    1
  4082. 👁️ 👄
    1
  4083.  @ПрокурораМохамедбумка6г.Айша  👁️👄👁️
    1
  4084. Pogoro Berat 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
    1
  4085. No ;)
    1
  4086. :D
    1
  4087.  @nouhowlmao2809  Turkic peoples were part of Yuan army that invaded Vietnam
    1
  4088. It is Turkic symbol both Oghuz and Bulgars used even Khalaj people used
    1
  4089.  @Bayganu  smartest bulgurian kid ever
    1
  4090. Go to school kid 👶🏻🍼
    1
  4091.  @petertodorov1792  🐳🐳🐳🐙🐙🐙🦈🦈🦈
    1
  4092. ?
    1
  4093. is Albanic language
    1
  4094.  @wankawanka3053  Words in Space and Time: A Historical Atlas of Language Tomasz Kamusella · 2021 Interestingly, the concept is not ex- tended to non-Slavic languages, though the Albanic languages of Arvanitic and Gheg, the Baltic languages of Latgalian and Samogitian, the Finno-Ugric languages of Csango and Seto, speakers.
    1
  4095. Haplogroup N is non-Mongolic in origin
    1
  4096. @Lily Wood we also don’t care about opinions of leftist pseudo historians like Taner Akçam 😂
    1
  4097. Alp Arslan and Tughril laughed
    1
  4098. In about 1440 John Argyropoulos wrote of the struggle for the freedom of ' Hellas ' in a letter addressed to John VIII as 'Emperor of Hellas'. We have come a long way from the days when the ambassador Liudprand of Cremona was thought unfit to be received at the Court because his credentials were addressed to the 'Emperor of the Greeks'. But 'Graeci' was never an acceptable term. George Scholarius, the future Patriarch Gennadius, who was to be the link between the old Byzantine world and the world of the Turcocratia, often uses 'Hellene' to mean anyone of Greek blood. But he had doubts about its propriety; he still retained the older view. When he was asked his specific opinion about his race, he wrote in reply: "Though I am a Hellene by birth, yet I would never say that I was a Hellene. For I do not believe as the Hellenes believed. I should like to take my name from my faith and, if anyone asked me what I am, to reply "a Christian". Though my father dwelt in Thessaly,' he adds, 'I do not call myself a Thessalian, but a Byzantine. For I am of Byzantium.' It is to be remarked that though he repudiates the name of Hellene he calls the Imperial City not New Rome or Constantinople, but by its old Hellenic name. Runciman, S. (1970). IMPERIAL DECLINE AND HELLENIC REVIVAL. In The Last Byzantine Renaissance (The Wiles Lectures, pp. 1-23). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    1
  4099.  @Randomguy.01  Hellenic states of the Seleucids, Macedonia, Achaean League, Aetolian League, Kingdom of Pergamon, Ptolemaics etc. all got destroyed by Roman Empire which resulted as ending of Hellenistic era and post Roman Greece was basically a playground for Romans, Turks, Slavs, Albanians, Thracians, Illyrians, Armenians, Italians and Germanic peoples as we all know Hellenic rule in Greece broadly ended with the Roman conquest of Greece resulting with a dominant Roman, Turkic, and Germanic rule whereas only 3 short lived Hellenic dynasties, Komnenids, Angelids and Laskarids, managed to rule Grece Foreign rule in Greece; Achaemenid dynasty (Iranic) Nerva–Antonine dynasty (Italic) Severan dynasty (Punic) Gordian dynasty (Celtic) Decian dynasty (Illyrian) Valerian dynasty (Italic) Caran dynasty (Illyrian) Constaninian dynasty (Illyrian) Valentinian dynasty (Illyrian) Theodosian dynasty (Hispanian) Leonid dynasty (Thracian) Justinian dynasty (Illyrian) Heraclian dynasty (Armenian) Isaurian dynasty (Armenian) Nikephorian dynasty (Arabic) Dulo dynasty (Turkic) Krum’s dynasty (Turkic) Amorian dynasty (Jewish) Macedonian dynasty (Armenian) Phokas dynasty (Armenian) Doukid dynasty (most likely Armenian) Diogenes dynasty (most likely Armenian) Principality of Arbanon (Albanian) Principality of Valona (Slavized Turkic) Duchy of the Archipelago (Italian) Kingdom of Cyprus (Germanic) Kingdom of Thessalonica (Germanic) Empire of Thessalonica (most likely Armenian) Latin Empire (Germanic) Asenid dynasty (Slavized Turkic) Duchy of Athens (French) Duchy of Neopatras (Spanish) Marquisate of Bodonitsa (Germanic) Lordship of Argos and Nauplia (Germanic) Lordship of Salona (Germanic) Lordship of Chios (Italian) Knights Hospitaller of Rhodes (Germanic) Principality of Achaea (French) Palaiologos dynasty (most likely Italic) Nemanjic dynasty (Slavic) Despotate of Arta (Albanian) Despotate of Ioannia (Albanian) League of Lezhe (Albanian) Vojivonic dynasty (Slavic) Venetian dominions in Greece (Italian) Principality of Lesbos (Italian) Kingdom of Candia (Italian) Kingdom of Ioanian Islands (Italian) Kingdom of the Morea (Italian) Triarchy of Negroponte (French) Ottoman dynasty (Turkic) Pashalik of Berat (Albanian) Pashalik of Yanina (Albanian) Pashalik of Scutari (Albanian) Septinsular Republic (Italian) House of Wittelsbach (Germanic) United States of the Ionian Islands (Germanic) Principality of Samos (Slavic)
    1
  4100.  @Hasnain-r5r  They are Only partially Turkic not wholly
    1
  4101.  @CheLanguages  Biggest Hazara clans are Turkic in origin such as Oghuz Turkic Turkmani tribe who are like 1 million people
    1
  4102. Kavalalıyı seviyor musun?
    1
  4103.  @DakhniURDU  Conflict of interest
    1
  4104.  @nenenindonu  kökeni de belli değil🥲göç olmuş arnavutlaşmış diyenler var dolu
    1
  4105. Nope
    1
  4106.  @tylerruff6302  most Mongolic languages are not mutually intelligible. This is like saying Slavic is single language…
    1
  4107. The Achaemenids and Sassanids got destroyed by a Hellenic and Arabic tribe respectively Parthians had their capital countless times sacked by Romans and post Islamic Persia was basically a playground for Arabs, Turks, and Mongols as we all know
    1
  4108.  @Ghanfort  Your grandmothers were our slaves and you are so proud of this😹
    1
  4109.  @nenenindonu  Greek provocateurs should check out their historical documents about Ottoman Empire before opening their mouths
    1
  4110.  @KhansDen  dc var mı reis
    1
  4111. Not greeks,byzantine was italic roman state
    1
  4112.  @stantorren4400  Eastern ROMAN Empire ROMAN state not greek
    1
  4113. Spam yapacaksan akademik kaynak spamı yap random yazılar yerine
    1
  4114.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  Bulgars are Turks who destroyed Byzantine army many times
    1
  4115.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  source?
    1
  4116.  bastiat4855  ?
    1
  4117. We ruled your grandmothers
    1
  4118. In the European cartography of the fifteenth to eighteenth centuries, "Grecia" included Dalmatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, the coastal area of Asia Minor, Albania, and the Aegean islands (Karathanasis 1991, 9). For the Western audience in Germany, Austria, and Hungary, "Greek" (Greek Orthodox) was synonymous with Orthodoxy (Stoianovich 1960, 290). Regardless of their ethnic origins, most Greek Orthodox Balkan merchants of the eighteenth century spoke Greek and often assumed Greek names; they were referred to as "Greeks" in the sense that they were of the "Greek" religion. During the eighteenth century, the ge- ographic dispersion and the urban nature of the Greek ethnie in the Balkan peninsula transformed the "Greeks" into a Balkan urban class (Svoronos 1981, 58). Hence, the "Greeks" were not only the ethnic Greeks but generally included all the Orthodox merchants and peddlers, many of whom were Grecophone or Hellenized Vlachs, Serbs, or Orthodox Albanians. Roudometof, V. (2001) Nationalism, globalization, and orthodoxy: The social origins of ethnic conflict in the Balkans. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. p.54 Indeed “Greek” was an emic term in the Hellenistic period, referring generally to both the original Greeks and the Hellenized population. Greek resurrection beliefs and the success of Christianity (with preview) New York: Palgrave Macmillan , 2009 Dag Øistein Endsjø The Hellenized peoples of the eastern Roman (later Byzantine) Empire consistently referred to themselves as 'Roman' (Romaioi) because, even though they were culturally Greek, they considered themselves a part of the Roman Empire. Barnett, G. (2017) Emulating alexander: How alexander the great's legacy fuelled Rome's wars with Persia. Barnsley: Pen et Sword Military. "Like all citizens of the Byzantine Empire. the Greeks were called Romaei Romaioi (i.e. Romans, a hang-over from the days of the Eastern Roman Empire of the 4th to 7th centuries. which gradually became Hellenized and was called the Byzantine Empire, from Byzantium , the old name of the city that was later renamed Constantinople after the Emperor Constantine , who transferred the capital of the Roman Empire from Rome to Byzantium in 330 A.D. ) . Pappageotes, G.C. (1960) Modern Greek Reader Demotic = Anagnōstikon Dēmotikēs. New York. p.7 I use the term Hellenic in order to differentiate 19th and 20th century national identity in modern Greece from the earlier, not so clear, use of terms like Graikos, Romios and, sometimes, Ellinas, which were all more or less synonymous for the Greek-Orthodox Christians of the Ottoman heartland. Hereafter, I use the term Greek to allude to the ambiguour use of this word (esc) bir contemporani scholar who refer without proper discrimination , to the representatives of the larger Greek - Orthodox Ottoman community , mostly hellenized or Greek - speaking , who probably considered themselves not as Hellenes but simply as " Romaioi " and Christians . Historein: A review of the past and other stories (1999). Athens, Greece: Nefeli Publishers. p.69
    1
  4119.  @wankawanka3053  👁️🫦👁️
    1
  4120.  @SpartanLeonidas1821  🤓🤓🤓
    1
  4121.  @SpartanLeonidas1821  btw Pontic and Cappadocian peoples used to speak Turkish in the time of Ottoman Empire. :)
    1
  4122. Hellenized Anatolians*
    1
  4123. @bruh xx Turks are Orange
    1
  4124. @даг Nader’s son lost this battle not himself
    1
  4125. Sorbs*
    1
  4126. Yasar Genc Laz mısın
    1
  4127. Yasar Genc kolhis lazika başka var mı peki?
    1
  4128.  @ganjafi59  Umayyads existed for 70 years lol
    1
  4129.  @borisshono8974  source = trustmebro Lol
    1
  4130.  @borisshono8974  Keyser et al. 2020, pp. 1, 8–9. "[O]ur findings confirmed that the Xiongnu had a strongly admixed mitochondrial and Y-chromosome gene pools and revealed a significant western component in the Xiongnu group studied.... [W]e propose Scytho-Siberians as ancestors of the Xiongnu and Huns as their descendants... [E]ast Eurasian R1a subclades R1a1a1b2a-Z94 and R1a1a1b2a2-Z2124 were a common element of the Hun, Avar and Hungarian Conqueror elite and very likely belonged to the branch that was observed in our Xiongnu samples. Moreover, haplogroups Q1a and N1a were also major components of these nomadic groups, reinforcing the view that Huns (and thus Avars and Hungarian invaders) might derive from the Xiongnu as was proposed until the eighteenth century but strongly disputed since... Some Xiongnu paternal and maternal haplotypes could be found in the gene pool of the Huns, the Avars, as well as Mongolian and Hungarian conquerors." Whereas Mongolic peoples have C>O>N mostly not N>R>Q LOOOOOL
    1
  4131.  @borisshono8974  Weishu, vol. 103 txt: "高車，[...] 其語略與匈奴同而時有小異，或云其先匈奴之甥也", tr: "The Gaoju, [...] their language and the Xiongnu's are similar though differ a little; or to say it differently, they are the sororal nephews/sons-in-laws of the Xiongnu” According to the Book of Wei, the Yuebans' language and customs were the same as the Gaoche, who were Turkic speakers. Yuebans(Weak Xiongnu) cut their hair and trimmed their ghee-smeared, sun-dried, glossy eyebrows evenly, and washed before meals three times everyday. Weishu, Vol. 102 "其風俗言語與高車同，而其人清潔於胡。俗剪髮齊眉，以醍醐塗之，昱昱然光澤，日三澡漱，然後飲食。"
    1
  4132. Weak history
    1
  4133.  @the_linguist_ll  altaic theory is big joke for sure😹😹
    1
  4134.  @Queen.Cassandane_Persia_Iran  ”Fifty thousand Persians in full armour and riding at full gallop could not buckle and route a single Minggan (thousand) of Turks” - Al Maqrizi
    1
  4135.  @brightburnedits4278  In the classical Persian literary tradition – the entire vocabulary of which consists of stock phrases and images - "Turk' and 'Tajik' are stand-in terms for easily recognizable social stereotypes: one simple but violent; the other wily but civilized. Rūmi turns this on its head, however, in the following couplet: Attack upon attack came the darkness of night/Be strong like a Turk, not soft like a Tajik' (Yek hamleh va yek hamleh, āmad shab va tārīkī/chosti kon va "Torki' kon, na narmī va ‘Tājīkī'). Often ‘Turk' was also used to refer to the poet's beautiful young (unattainable) beloved, as in the following lines from Sa'di: 'Maybe they'll tell the King/"Your Turk (i.e., your Beloved) has spilled Tajik blood" (Shayad ke be padshah begüyand/Tork-e tö berikht khūn-e Tājīk), or elsewhere, 'Show your Tajik face, not Abyssinian black/That the Heavens may obliterate the face of the Turks' (Ru-ye Tājīkāna-t benmā, tā dagh-e habash/ Asman chehre-ye Torkān yaghma'i keshad). Lol
    1
  4136.  @brightburnedits4278  Turkic huge empires ruled Iranics
    1
  4137.  @brightburnedits4278  Azerbaijani (Ajem) Turks are remnants of Safavid Empire and Anatolian Turks are remnants of Seljuk Empire🤣
    1
  4138.  @brightburnedits4278  Iranian Turks are still Turkic speaking nobody got persianized as sometimes claimed🤣
    1
  4139.  @brightburnedits4278  Even Mongol army were Turkic who massacred Iranics of central asia who placed Turks in vacated places
    1
  4140.  @brightburnedits4278  Azerbaijan got completely Turkified under the Iranic(!) Safavid rule
    1
  4141. They couldn’t beat Turkics
    1
  4142. 😂😂😂
    1
  4143.  @E001-f8g  🤲🏿🤲🏿🤲🏿🍼🍼🍼
    1
  4144. @Jiraiya Sennin Turkic peoples have ethnically more common with Paleo-Siberians than Mongolic or Tungusic peoples.
    1
  4145. @Jiraiya Sennin There is no such thing as Mongoloid peoples
    1
  4146. @Jiraiya Sennin 60% what🤣 even the most Indo-European people the Norwegians have 45% Yamnaya genes
    1
  4147. @Jiraiya Sennin Mongoloid (/ˈmɒŋ.ɡə.lɔɪd/[1]) is an obsolete racial grouping of various people indigenous to large parts of Asia, the Americas, and some regions in Europe and Oceania. The term is derived from a now-disproven theory of biological race.[2]
    1
  4148.  @larshofler8298  that’s nothing but pseudo history which is not even widely accepted
    1
  4149.  @denklem40  that is because of islam not due to Arabic peoples
    1
  4150.  @larshofler8298  The European Huns, who originated from the Xiongnu Empire, are known to have spoken primarily a Turkic language, more specifically Oghuric Turkic. 12 However, this may be due to the heavy concentration of Turkic peoples in the areas that the Huns inhabited immediately before their major expansions into Europe and Central Asia. Chinese historical source, the Weilue (= Sanguozhi 30.863-4), confirms that the Dingling (an ancient Turkic people) were the main inhabitants of what is now the Kazakh steppes by the 3rd century ce. Kim, H. The Xiongnu. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History. 2. Proto-Turkic: Its homeland and historical background The Turkic peoples are known to be traditionally nomadic or semi-nomadic pasto ralists, which can be confirmed by various written sources from at least the second half of the first millennium AD onwards (for example, a herding lifestyle including horse riding is reflected in Old Turkic runic texts, such as the 8th-century Kul Tigin inscription from the Orkhon river valley in Mongolia). For those Turkic speaking peoples that were described as agriculturalists rather than pastoralists in the past few centuries, such as the Chuvash in the Volga Basin, a relatively recent shift from nomadism to sedentarism has been attested.' The majority of traditional 1.Turkic societies practiced agriculture only as a secondary activity. Needless to say, one cannot automatically extrapolate such a situation to the Proto-Turkic period. However, one can provide some insights into the issue by integrating linguistic data with historical and archaeological evidence. To do so, it is first necessary to outline the contemporary views of the Proto-Turkic homeland and the probable historical affiliation of the Proto-Turkic speech community. It is generally agreed among historians and linguists that the starting point of the Turkic migrations was located in the eastern part of the Central Asian steppe (see, e.g., Golden 1992; Kljaštornyj & Sultanov 2009; Menges 1995:55). Turkologists use various definitions for describing the Proto-Turkic homeland, but most indicate more or less the same region. While Janhunen (1996: 26, 2015:293) locates the Proto-Turkic homeland fairly precisely in Eastern Mongolia, Róna-Tas (1998:88), in a rather general manner, places the last habitat of the Turkic speakers before the disintegration of the family "in West and Central Siberia and in the region south of it." The latter localization overlaps in large part with that proposed by Tenišev et al. (2006), who associate the Proto-Turkic urheimat with the vast area stretching from the Ordos Desert in Inner Mongolia to the foothills of the Sayan-Altai Mountains in Southern Siberia. Such a vague localization seems to be quite compatible with the association of at least late Proto-Turkic speakers with nomadic herders. From a historical linguistic viewpoint, the region under discussion appears to be the most probable habitat for a language that is assumed to have been in contact with Old Chinese, Old East Iranian and possibly Tocharian (and, according to some scholars (see Dybo 2007), at the same time reaching the languages far to the north-west, such as Proto-Yeniseian, Proto-Samoyedic and Proto-Ugric). An attempt at verifying the homeland by examining archaeological and paleobotanical evidence, as well as the Proto-Turkic roots referring to natural environment, has also been made (Tenišev et al. 2006). A few noteworthy proposals on the depth of Proto-Turkic, i.e., the time of its primal split into the Bulgar and Common Turkic branches, vary from the 5th century BC (Róna-Tas 1998, based on contact linguistics) to the period between 120 BC and the beginning of the first millennium AD (Mudrak 2009, based on glottochronological analysis of Turkic morphology and historical phonology) to the period between the 1st century BC and the 1st century AD (Dybo 2007, based on contact linguistics and lexicostatistics). The proposals regarding the Proto-Turkic homeland can be seen in the context of the possible Proto-Turkic affiliation with the Xiongnu, a nomadic group that lived north and northwest of China in the first centuries before and after the common era. Several dozen words used by the Xiongnu were recorded in Old Chinese texts such as Shiji (or the Records of the Grand Historian) and the Book of Han, and based on these few words, contemporary scholars have speculated on what language the Xiongnu may have spoken. Various hypotheses were put forward during the 20th century, yet the assumption that the Xiongnu, or at least some of them, were affili ated with Turkic-speaking groups has gained the widest acceptance among scholars (Ramstedt 1922; Basin 1948; Gabain 1949; Šervašidze 1986). This affiliation is based on direct linguistic evidence, i.e., comparing the Xiongnu words in Old Chinese texts with Proto-Turkic, supplemented by historical data that connects the Xiongnu and the subsequent Turkic peoples. Recently, the most reliable Xiongnu words that are comparable with reconstructed Proto-Turkic stems have been outlined by Dybo (2007). Janhunen (2015) also recognizes this affiliation. In short, although we can never exclude that the Xiongnu were a multi-ethnic confederation, it is very likely that their core was Turkic-speaking.2 Different historical and archaeological sources give clues about the subsistence patterns of the Xiongnu. Old Chinese histories (including Shiji) emphasize that the Xiongnu were nomadic pastoralists that bred different kinds of domestic ungulates, namely horses, cattle, sheep and camels (Watson 1961). On the other hand, there are multiple indications in Chinese chronicles (including Shiji, Hou Hanshu (or the Book of the Later Han) and notes on the Han annals by Yen Shi-ku) that the Xiongnu were familiar with agriculture, including millet farming (Bičurin 1950; Davydova & Šilov 1953; Davydova 1985). The written sources, however, do not indicate clearly whether it was the Xiongnu themselves or their Chinese captives who were involved in agricultural activities. From an archaeological perspective, although there is about 1000 years of nomadic life in Mongolia beforehand, the Xiongnu period is the first time we have any evidence of agriculture in the region. Agricultural tools and millet grains dating to this period have been found, as well as some isotopic evidence for millet consumption (William Taylor, p.c., Jena, May 2017). It is commonly agreed that the Xiongnu economy was based on pastoralism and had an agricultural component. However, the question of how important the latter was remains open (see Wright et al. 2009; Kradin & Kang 2011; Machicek 2011; Spengler et al. 2016 for further discussion). Given all these observations, it is interesting to examine whether historical linguistic analysis of Turkic subsistence terms can support the association of Proto-Turkic with the Xiongnu. 2. Dybo (2007) shows that the Turkic affiliation is valid, first of all, for the late Xiongnu, while some early "Xiongnu" words may have belonged to an Eastern Iranian (Khotan Saka?) language. There is also a hypothesis by Pulleyblank (1962), which was supported by Vovin (2000, 2002), that the Xiongnu were a Yeniseian-speaking people. An agnostic view of the linguistic affiliation of the Xiongnu is presented in Doerfer (1973). 3. Pastoralist vocabulary in Proto-Turkic Below I list some of the most relevant Turkic pastoralist terms. To give a more de tailed picture, I distinguish between Proto-Turkic and Common Turkic levels. The former label is used when a root occurs in both major subdivisions of the family: the "Standard" Turkic languages, like Turkish, Uyghur, Kazakh etc., and the very specific Bulgar branch, which is represented by its only living language, Chuvash, as well as rather poor lexical data from the extinct Bulgar dialects preserved mainly as loanwords in Hungarian. The label "Common Turkic" means that the word is not attested in Bulgar and hence should be technically attributed to the time after the split of Proto-Turkic. However, due to scarcity of evidence from the Bulgar branch, it is common practice in the field to equate such roots with the Proto-Turkic ones unless a source of borrowing into Turkic has been established. Robbeets, M. and Savelyev, A., n.d. Language Dispersal Beyond Farming. pp.136,137, 138.
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  4151.  @larshofler8298  Even Wikipedia says they were MOST LIKELY TURKIC ORIGIN The link established by the original Weishu between the Hephtalites and the Gaoju may mean that the Hephtalites were a Turkish tribe and , more precisely , an Oghuric one , as the Gaoju are regarded as inheritors of the old Tiele confederation supposed to be the origin of the various Oghuric tribes . DE LA VAISSIÈRE, ÉTIENNE. “Is There a ‘Nationality of the Hephtalites’?” Bulletin of the Asia Institute, vol. 17, 2003, pp. 119–32. Other scholars such as de la Vaissière, based on a recent reappraisal of the Chinese sources, suggest that the Hephthalites were initially of Turkic origin, and later adopted the Bactrian language, first for administrative purposes, and possibly later as a native language; according to Rezakhani (2017), this thesis is seemingly the "most prominent at present".[59][60][61] Meanwhile, regarding the origin of the Hephthalites, the recent most dominant opinion holds that they were Turks. Lang, T., n.d. Artifact, text, context. p.196. More recently, it has been argued on the basis of Chinese sources that the Hephthalites were of Turkic origins and later adopted the Bactrian language after settling in Ṭukhāristān. Haug, R., n.d. The eastern frontier. Rezakhani, Khodadad (2017). ReOrienting the Sasanians: East Iran in Late Antiquity. Edinburgh University Press. p. 135. ISBN 9781474400305. The suggestion that the Hephthalites were originally of Turkic origin and only later adopted Bactrian as their administrative, and possibly native, language (de la Vaissière 2007: 122) seems to be most prominent at present. HLA VAISSIÈRE, ÉTIENNE. “Is There a ‘Nationality of the Hephtalites’?” Bulletin of the Asia Institute, vol. 17, 2003, pp. 119–132. Weishu, vol. 103 txt: "高車，[...] 其語略與匈奴同而時有小異，或云其先匈奴之甥也", tr: "The Gaoju, [...] their language and the Xiongnu's are similar though differ a little; or to say it differently, they are the sororal nephews/sons-in-laws of the Xiongnu" de la Vaissière proposes underlying Turkic Yeti-Al, later translated to Iranian Haft-Al ^ de la Vaissière also cited Sims-Williams, who noted that the initial η- ē of the Bactrian form ηβοδαλο Ēbodālo precluded etymology based on Iranian haft and consequently hypothetical underlying Turkic yeti "seven" ^ Similar crowns are known in other seals such as the seal of "Kedīr, the hazāruxt" ("Kedir the Chiliarch"), dated by Sims-Williams to the last quarter of the 5th century CE from the paleography of the inscription.[29] Reference for the exact datation: Sundermann, Hintze & de Blois (2009), p. 218, note 14 [d] La Vaissière (2012: 144–150) pointed out that "[a] recently published seal gives the title of a fifth-century lord of Samarkand as 'king of the Oglar Huns.'" (βαγο ογλαρ(γ)ο – υονανο).[69][70] See the seal and this reading of the inscription in Hans Bakker (2020: 13, note 17), referencing from Sim-Williams (2011: 72-74).[71] "Oglar" is thought to derive from the Turk oǧul-lar > oǧlar "sons; princes" plus an Iranian adjective suffix -g.[72]Alternatively, and less likely, "Oglarg" could correspond to "Walkon", and thus the Alchon Huns, although the seal is closer to Kidarites coin types.[72] Another seal found in the Kashmir reads "ολαρ(γ)ο" (seal AA2.3).[71] The Kashmir seal was published by Grenet, Ur-Rahman, and Sims-Williams (2006:125-127) who compared ολαργο Ularg on the seal to the ethnonym οιλαργανο "people of Wilarg" attested in a Bactrian document written in 629 CE.[73] The style of the sealings is related to the Kidarites, and the title "Kushanshah" is known to have disappeared with the Kidarites.[74]
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  4152. Anshalous Ibrahim yep
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  4153. Wide Putin Walking
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  4154. Greeks were nobody in history of Cyprus🤣🤣🤣
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  4155.  @joeerickson516  👁️👁️👄👁️👁️
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  4156. 😂😂😂
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  4157. Before the rise of Genghis Khan Mongolic was spreading at westward and absorbing Turkic speakers (Janhunen, 2008). During the Mongol expansion, Turkic speakers whose tribes and states had been incorporated into the Mongol empire were so much more numerous than Mongols that, although Mongolian was the language of command, it was Turkic rather than Mongolic speech that was chiefly spread across Central Asia and the central and western steppe. Antonio Benítez-Burraco, ‎Steven Moran 2018 p.92
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  4158. Nader Shah was Turkic emperor and Timur was not a Chinggisid :/ Also Ghaznavids were Turkic empire
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  4159. Didn’t even exist
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  4160. 🤣🤣🤣
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  4161.  @dark_boy_86samadyar96  I have big respect for him but he did many big mistakes too
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  4162. Turkic Seljuks conquered Buyids
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  4163.  @brightburnedits4278  that’s why Georgia called them Didi Turkoba🤣
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  4164. :-)
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  4165. 😮
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  4166.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  Mongolized Kurikan origins native Turks of Buryatia
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  4167.  @aydnmesuttorun8397  hassan is not even Kurdish he is Kurdified Daylamite (Gorani) lmao. These people don’t even speak a Kurdish language. Someone who has Kurdified call us Turkified :D
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  4168.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  Do you even think Anglos are Germanicized EEF and Celts?
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  4169.  @hassanabdulsalam1000  Hmmm. In the past, Aramaic and Armenian peoples lived in the places where Zaza-Gorani and Kurdish speaking peoples live today :)
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  4170.  @user-ud3gh8fy5n  eastern roman empire started as Italic empire not hellenic and the founder was Illyrian
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  4171.  @user-ud3gh8fy5n  they called themselves eastern romans not greeks
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  4172. There are like 4000 turk hater copers under the comments 😅🤣
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  4173. They look like jfoliveras arts
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  4174. The Byzantine ruling elite faced the outside world and its unending dangers with a strategic advantage that was neither diplomatic nor military but instead psychological: the powerful moral reassurance of a triple identity that was more intensely Christian than most modern minds can easily imagine, and specifically Chalcedonian in doctrine: Hellenic in its culture, joyously possessing pagan Homer, agnostic Thucydides, and ir reverent poets-though Hellene was a word long avoided, for it meant pagan; and proudly Roman as the Romaioi, the living Romans, not without justification for Roman institutions long endured, at least symbolically. But until the Muslim conquest took away the Levant and Egypt from the empire, this triple identity was also a source of local disaffection from the ruling Constantinopolitan elite, for of the three only the Roman identity was universally accepted. To begin with, the speakers of Western Aramaic and Coptic, who accounted for most of the population of Syria and Egypt, including the Jews in their land and beyond it, did not partake in the Hellenic cul ture-except for their own secular elites, which were organically part of the Byzantine regime and were indeed often attacked by nativists as "Hellenizers." For the rest, the masses either did not know that Homer ever lived, or were easily led by unlettered fanatical priests to vehe mently hate what they were too ignorant to enjoy. Moreover, the zone that rejected Hellenism, as it had rejected the Roman habit of bathing as too sensual, also rejected the excessively intel lectual Chalcedonian definition of the dual nature of Christ, both human and divine, insisting on the more purely monotheistic conception of the single, divine nature of Christ. Luttwak, E., 2011. Grand strategy of the byzantine empire. Cambridge: Belknap Harvard, p.410 In about 1440 John Argyropoulos wrote of the struggle for the freedom of ' Hellas ' in a letter addressed to John VIII as 'Emperor of Hellas'. We have come a long way from the days when the ambassador Liudprand of Cremona was thought unfit to be received at the Court because his credentials were addressed to the 'Emperor of the Greeks'. But 'Graeci' was never an acceptable term. George Scholarius, the future Patriarch Gennadius, who was to be the link between the old Byzantine world and the world of the Turcocratia, often uses 'Hellene' to mean anyone of Greek blood. But he had doubts about its propriety; he still retained the older view. When he was asked his specific opinion about his race, he wrote in reply: "Though I am a Hellene by birth, yet I would never say that I was a Hellene. For I do not believe as the Hellenes believed. I should like to take my name from my faith and, if anyone asked me what I am, to reply "a Christian". Though my father dwelt in Thessaly,' he adds, 'I do not call myself a Thessalian, but a Byzantine. For I am of Byzantium.' It is to be remarked that though he repudiates the name of Hellene he calls the Imperial City not New Rome or Constantinople, but by its old Hellenic name. Runciman, S. (1970). IMPERIAL DECLINE AND HELLENIC REVIVAL. In The Last Byzantine Renaissance (The Wiles Lectures, pp. 1-23). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. In contradistinction to a Julian, an Alexander Severus, a Marcus Aurelius and even a Hadrian, who felt themselves more Greek than Latin, Justinian wished to be a Latin Roman Emperor. He was confirmed in these feelings by his horror of Hellen ism. A Roman Emperor, Justinian was also a Christian Emperor. He considered himself the pillar of the Christian orthodox faith. The Hellenic spirit is profoundly pagan and Justinian abominated it. For him, as for his contem poraries and successors, Hellene was synonymous with pagan and to call anyone by this term was to insult him. The Greek peoples themselves assumed the name Pauaio (Romans). Even to-day Romios is still used by the common people. Hellene is an artificial term revived in the nineteenth century. The capital of the Empire is called Roum by the Arab and Turkish peoples of Asia. Lot, F., 2013. End of the Ancient World. Routledge. Many diverse peoples and languages coexisted within the Byzantine empire (Laiou and Maguire (eds.) 1992), and although Greek was the language of government and high culture and the terms 'Hellene' and even 'Greek' were sometimes applied to themselves by educated members of the elite in Constantinople from the Comnenian period onwards (Stouraitis 2014), Byzantium was not a Greek empire and Greek was never the only language spoken. Nevertheless the Byzantines' sense of themselves rested on a shared mythology of universalism and superiority. Linehan, P., Nelson, J. and Costambeys, M., n.d. The medieval world. Characteristics of the Byzantine Empire After its capital was established in the east, the empire became, in scholarly parlance, the Eastern Roman Empire. Furthermore, because Constantine and all of his successors (except Julian the Apostate, 361 63) were Christians, the empire from here on can also be called the Christian Roman Empire. As a consequence of these two changes the Roman Empire had become the Byzantine. However, though used by scholars, none of these three names was used at the time. Though the empire had its center in a Greek cultural and linguistic area, as a result of which there followed a gradual hellenization of its institutions and culture, the emperors recognized no change. The empire remained the Roman Empire and the citizens (even though Greeks came to domi nate it) still called themselves Romans. The term Hellene (Greek) connoted a pagan. The term Byzantine was an invention of Renais sance scholars after the fall of the Byzantine Empire and was never used by its contemporaries. By the middle of the seventh century Greek had become the official language of all spheres of government and the army; nevertheless the empire remained "Roman" and despite divisions of its territory at times it was always seen as a single unit. Essentially the Byzantine Empire was a combination of three major cultural components: (1) Roman in political concepts, administration. law, and military organization. (2) Greek in language and culture, and (3) Christian in religion. Fine, J., 1991. The early medieval Balkans. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, p.16.
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  4175. Based
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  4176.  @sskspartan  cap
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  4177. ​ @You-zo3in that's the point of expert scholars like Timothy May and Peter Jackson, not mine.
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  4178.  @ihavenojawandimustscream4681  they had ten thousands of indic slaves
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  4179. Yeah, at least mostly. For example you can read about Khalji conquest of Bengal.
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  4180.  @luminescentboy3340  300 million Bengalis are Muslim now due to some Gigachad Khalaj people :)
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  4181.  @luminescentboy3340  most of them were Hindus and Buddhists
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  4182.  @luminescentboy3340  he was also Turkic though
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  4183.  @luminescentboy3340  khalaj from Sistan
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  4184.  @cyrusthegreat7030  they were Turkic but their blood was mixed
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  4185.  @georgedemos3889  🐸
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  4186.  @ElHeraldoHispano  Only Roman neither greek nor byzantine
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  4187.  @ElHeraldoHispano  f both greece and china
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  4188. Ibn Canaan Source?
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  4189. Hassan A Some ayyubid rulers said,ayyubids were arabs😂🤣 They shamed their kurd descent😏
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  4190.  @jihangirastra3851  Once again the invasion came from central Asia; this time it was Tamerlane, a Barlas Turk, who set up a new empire with Samarqand as his capital. Tamerlane is perhaps the greatest conqueror Asia has ever produced. The name Tamerlane, by which he is known to Europe, is derived from his nickname Timur-i-Lang or c The Lame Timur', for he was wounded in the foot in a minor encounter in Afghanistan. He was born in 13 3 5, the son of a chief of a Turkish tribe. Elgood, C. (2010). The Empire of Tamerlane. In A Medical History of Persia and the Eastern Caliphate: From the Earliest Times Until the Year A.D. 1932 (Cambridge Library Collection - History of Medicine, pp. 324-347). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511710766.013 He was a Turk of the Barlas tribe; this tribe, like many others, boasted a Mongol name and ancestry, but for all prac- tical purposes it was Turkic. Turki was thus Timur’s mother tongue, although he may have known some Persian from the cultural milieu in which he lived; he almost certainly knew no Mongolian, though Mongol terminology had not quite disappeared from administrative documents and coins. Soucek, S. (2000). Timur and the Timurids. In A History of Inner Asia (pp. 123-143). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511991523.011 The Timurid dynasty was founded in 1370 by the Turkic warlord Temür, usually known in the west as Tamerlane (Temür the lame). Temür and his followers were Turks loyal to the Mongol tradition, but they were also Muslim and well acquainted with Perso-Islamic culture. Forbes Manz, B. (2018, April 26). Tamerlane and the Timurids. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History. Tamerlane (Timur-i Lang, Timur the Lame) (1336–1405) Outstanding political and military tactician; rallied tribal support in the region east of the Ferghana Valley, and established a Turkic dynasty based on Samarkand 2010). Tamerlane. In The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages. : Oxford University Press. Eastern Turkic Timurids and the Western Turkic Oghuz of the Ottoman Empire actually dated to the earliest days Schluessel, Eric T. 2016. The Muslim Emperor of China: Everyday Politics in Colonial Xinjiang, 1877-1933. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences. Though not Mongol himself, Timur himself had sought to enhance the legitimacy of his rule by assuming the mantle of the line of Chaghatai Khan, with whom he claimed kinship. He had adopted the title of Gurkan (son-in-law) in reference to his marriage to Tukul Khanum, whose father was directly related to Chaghatai Khan and additionally installed a puppet king from the Chaghatid clan on the throne. Quite appropriately therefore Babur, Humayun and Akbar saw themselves first and foremost as princes of the great house of Timur (1336 - 1405), who had conquered vast tracts of territory in Central Asia and even sacked Delhi in 1398. Additionally they traced their ancestry even further back to the Mongol warrior Chenggiz Khan (1167 - 1227), who had upon his death, divided his vast Mongol empire among his four sons, a crucial event later illustrated by Akbar's artists. Mughalistan (including the western Tarim Basin and Kashgar) and Transoxania were bestowed upon his second son Chaghatai Khan (d. 1242). When these two wings of dominion were split up late in the thirteenth century, Transoxania in the west became the scene of mass conversion to Islam and a great deal of intermarriage with Turkic tribes people before it eventually fell to Timur, a Barlas Turk. Timur's descendants had ruled Transoxania until they succumbed to the forces of the Shaibanid Turks in 1508- 9. The remaining descendants of the surviving Timurids - the Chaghataid Turks, still survived in certain parts of Central Asia ( especially Ferghana), nurturing a festering ego ever since their dynasty had fallen into near oblivion. Timurid central Asia and Mughal India : some correlations regarding urban design concepts and the typology of the Muslim house Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1995. "Belonging to a minor military family, and of Turkish origin, Timur was born in Transoxiana (present-day Uzbekistan) in the fourteenth century. He rose to prominence in the service of the local Mongol ruler, claimed to be descended from Chingiz-Khan, and defeated all competitors." Massoume Price (2005). Iran's Diverse Peoples: A Reference Sourcebook. ABC-CLIO. p. 56. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2001–2005. "Tamerlane, c.1336–1405, Turkic conqueror, b. Kesh, near Samarkand. He is also called Timur Leng (Faisal R.). Gérard Chaliand, Nomadic Empires: From Mongolia to the Danube translated by A.M. Berrett, Transaction Publishers, 2004. translated by A.M. Berrett. Transaction Publishers, p.75. ISBN 0-7658-0204-X. Limited preview at Google Books. p. 75., ISBN 0-7658-0204-X, p.75., "Timur Leng (Tamerlane) Timur, known as the lame (1336–1405) was a Muslim Turk. He aspired to recreate the empire of his ancestors. He was a military genius who loved to play chess in his spare time to improve his military tactics and skill. And although he wielded absolute power, he never called himself more than an emir.", "Timur Leng (Tamerlane) Timur, known as the lame (1336–1405) was a Muslim Turk from the Ulus of Chagatai who saw himself as Genghis Khan's heir."
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  4191. Are you Tatar?
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  4192. A letter from Nädir to the Ottoman 1129 Sultan Mahmud I addressed Mahmüd as "the world-illuminating light of the Turkmän royal house.30 Avoiding any specific definitions of these ancestral Turkic ties, Nadir appealed to them as a way to reconnect disparate Muslim realms. In its audacity, Nadir's vision resembled Timür's grandiose plans. Both tried to invent the tradition of an imagined unity that had never actually existed, and could, in any case, only be implemented anyway by glossing over irreconcilable differences. Pfeiffer, J. and Woods, J., n.d. History and historiography of post Mongol Central Asia and the Middle East. pp.338, 339. Besides territorial integrity, two alternative concepts of sovereignty to replace the crumbling dynastic ideal can be discerned in Nadir Shah's negotiations with the Ottomans in the 1730s. Nadir proposed equal relations based, first, on Ottoman recognition of the legitimacy of Twelver Shiism as a fifth school of orthodox Islamic law. And second, he proposed something akin to an ethnic or national concept - equal relations based on Nadir Shah's identity as a member of the noble Turkmen family of peoples." Howard, D. (2017). A History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp.192
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  4193.  @tamazghaunion9158  Arabized Berbers ?
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  4194. Shapur the great Motherfucker Nader Shah is Afshar Türk not iranic
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  4195. She did video on Mongolian
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  4196.  @Dosadniste2000  what’s your tribe?
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  4197. Onur Yılmaz kanala gel
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  4198.  @aidin4708  Steppe literally means Iranic ancestry Lol BMAC and Neolithic Iranian ancestry are both foreing ancestries
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  4199. They will not come😂
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  4200. @DonKrieg-382 Richard Mehmet🤣
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  4201. The Huns were a confederation of Eurasian tribes, especially Turkic ones, from the Steppes of Central Asia. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Hunnic_Empire Even the language spoken by the Huns is in dispute, though most experts believe they were of Turkish speech. https://www.britannica.com/place/the-Steppe/New-barbarian-incursions Azerbaijan open to raids by Turkic nomadic tribes from the north, including Khazars and Huns. https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/commonwealth-independent-states-and-baltic-nations/cis-and-baltic-political-geography-6#HISTORY The Huns have often been considered a Turkic people, and sometimes associated with the Xiongnu. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkic_migration#Origin_theories The Huns, a Turkic-speaking people, driven westward during the Han dynasty in China (206 bc–ad 220), created a nomadic empire in central Asia that extended into Europe, beginning about ad 370. It reached almost to Rome under the leadership of Attila (r.433?–453) and declined after his death. https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/asia/chinese-political-geography/mongolia#HISTORY They are thought to be a Turkic people descended from the Xiongnu tribes, who first appeared as a tribal confederation on the northern frontier of China in the late third century BC. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/hunnic-empire Turkic nomadic tribes from the north, including Khazars and Huns. https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/asia/iranian-political-geography/azerbaijan-iran Originally nomadic peoples from the steppes of Central Asia, Turkish tribes began moving west toward Europe around the first century a.d. In the middle of the 400s, the first group, known as the Huns, reached western Europe. https://www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/turkish-americans Shih Le was a Chieh, a Hsiung-nu tribe which seems to have spoken a Turkic language. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/shih-le In 104, 102, and 42 b.c.e. Chinese armies defeated the Turkic nomad Xiongnu alongside captive Roman soldiers in the former Greek kingdom of Sogdiana. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/globalization-asia Khazars are also called Turks and Huns. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/asia-and-africa/central-asian-history/khazars https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/khazars In the opinion of other scholars it was earlier Turkic-language groups that took part in the formation of the Karachay ethnic group: Hunns, Bulgars, and Khazars. who were living in the northern Caucasus in the ninth to twelfth centuries. https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/africa/swaziland-political-geography/karachays https://www.everyculture.com/Russia-Eurasia-China/Karachays-History-and-Cultural-Relations.html Huns known as the. Turks. http://crossasia-repository.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/3333/1/Modi_History%20of%20the%20Huns.pdf The Huns, a Turkic-speaking people https://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Asia-and-Oceania/Mongolia-HISTORY.html
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  4202.  @wankawanka3053  🐸
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  4203. @ indeed
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  4204. Yaqub Leis an unproven hypothesis from before 80 years and you believing this lol Where is your 🧠😂😂
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  4205. Yaqub Leis Vimeo is a source🤣🤣🤣😂😂 The people of modern-day Iran and Turkey trace their genetic heritage to the ancient Persians and the Turkic ethnic people, respectively. https://www.myheritage.com.tr/ethnicities/broadly-west-asian/ethnicity-worldwide-distribution
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  4206. @Sina Huns & the Hunnic language being Oghur Turkic has been the academic consensus for decades, with the fields top scholars Heinrich Menges, Pulleyblank, Pritsak, Maenchen-Helfen, Hyun Jin Kim, etc. all agreeing on that The suggestion that Hunnic was a Turkic language arises from the identification of Hunnic names and Hunnic lexical items as Turkic, some attested in the surviving literary records, some recorded on artifacts recovered by archaeologists. The decipherment of the inscription on the Khan Diggiz plate by Mukhamadiev (1995) reveals the language to be West Hunnic. The conclusion that Hunnic belongs to the Oghuric branch of Turkic arises from the reasoning that the known vocabulary shows the language to belong to the "r-" and "l-"type, as summarized by Johanson: "It is assumed that the Huns also were speakers of an "r-" and "l-"type Turkic language and that their migration was responsible for the appearance of this language in the West." The Hunnic inscription on a dinner plate belonging to the last ruler of the Huns, Dengizich, was identified as Turkic. The Hunnic sample of Khan Diggiz plate ; kinkeg dikkiz ükü essä – kijü sax sax saxynil gür täηrig English translation : Beware of king Dikkiz the Wise's blow ! Retreat to the Tengri (God) beyond the world!
    1
  4207. @Sina It was first Shaz Turkic state however Oghur Turks established many khanates such as Yueban, Xiongnu, White Huns, Kidarites, Alchons, Nezakhs, Northern Wei, Jie, Hunnic Empire etc. before Gokturks there were some Dingling/Tiele kingdoms in China and Central Asia before Bumin Khan too
    1
  4208. The Rurikid dynasty was of Germanic Viking origin :-)
    1
  4209.  @albertixthegreat792  Slavic dynasty of Germanic origin
    1
  4210.  @albertixthegreat792  I said Germanic (Norse) not German
    1
  4211. Most early Slavs were actully under the rule of Turkic and Germanic peoples
    1
  4212. So😂
    1
  4213.  @Stateira-Persia-Iran  There is no nation which so readily adopts foreign customs as the Persians. Thus, they have taken the dress of the Medes, considering it superior to their own; and in war they wear the Egyptian breastplate. As soon as they hear of any luxury, they instantly make it their own: and hence, among other novelties, they have learnt unnatural lust from the Greeks. “HERODOTUS”
    1
  4214. :))
    1
  4215.  @DA-eo8ps  yes and northern cyprus
    1
  4216.  @DA-eo8ps  Northern Cyprus is Turkic Republic while Southern one is Hellenic :-)
    1
  4217.  @Bolghar_wolf  i don’t even know if Oxford researchs are panturkist sources😂😂😂
    1
  4218. Vijay Nair 🤣
    1
  4219. 😂😂😂😂😹😹😹😹
    1
  4220. Hayreddin Barbarossa was better than all
    1
  4221.  @vidarodinson5246  Battle of Preveza > all naval battles :)
    1
  4222.  @gabrielvanhauten4169  no
    1
  4223.  @gabrielvanhauten4169  Mongolic peoples were nobody before Genghis Khan and after Qing conquest of Dzungaria
    1
  4224.  @Anaris10  Turkic nomads used to rule the world from Hungary to Manchuria they found more than 30 empires like Hunnic Empire, Avar Empire, White Hun Empire, Xiongnu Empire, Khazar Empire, First Bulgaria Empire, Great Seljuk Empire, Ghaznavid Empire, Khalji Empire, Bahri Empire, Göktürk Empires and others
    1
  4225.  @DucaTech  When did i say Manchus are Turkic and not Tungusic?
    1
  4226. Which Kurdish? Kurdish is not even a single language
    1
  4227.  @bossburakbs3080  ismi neydi bilmiyorum şu Türkiye diyen manyak adam hani arabasını falan bayraklarla donatıp kayalara türkiye bayrağı çizen falan
    1
  4228.  @DaT1aGEnDerANdRosExUaL  There are still people who speak Judeo-Spanish in Turkey, though the number of speakers has been declining for decades. The majority of speakers today are older members of the Sephardic Jewish community, especially those in cities like Istanbul, Izmir, and Edirne, where there has historically been a larger concentration of Jews. However, as younger generations have generally adopted Turkish as their first language, Judeo-Spanish is increasingly at risk of disappearing.
    1
  4229. mehrdad 576 Search Tulunids we didn’t came 1071
    1
  4230. mehrdad 576 💩💩💩👩🏾👩🏽💩💩💩
    1
  4231. oyun paraziti hmmmm
    1
  4232. mehrdad 576 Where is the native anatolian persians? İ have never seen because they were kurdified
    1
  4233. Volkan kerem Osman Sanskrit kökenli Mitannileri sahiplenmek için bir insanda beyin olmaması lazım🤣🤣🤣😂😂😂
    1
  4234.  user-gq4fy6fh7z  Olmecs were not Sinitic or Sinitic speaking people it is for sure🤣
    1
  4235.  user-gq4fy6fh7z  [They] gave the ruler of China the name "King of Humans," because the people of China are the most obedient of [all] peoples to royal power and the most subject to government. They gave the King of India the name "King of Wisdom" because of his great interest in the sciences (ulum) and his preference for the whole body of knowledge (ma'arif). They gave the King of the Turks the name " King of the Lions', for the courage of the Turks and the vigor of their bravery. They called the king of the Persians the name "King of kings," because of the magnitude of his power and his glory, the excellence of his rank, and the importance of his state; for he subdued the kings of the center of the inhabited world and encompassed, to the exclusion of other kingdoms, the most fertile of climatic regions (aqālīm). They gave the king of the Byzantines the name "King of men", because the Byzantines (rūm) are the people with the most beautiful faces, the best proportioned bodies and the most robust constitution. Ahmad, A.S. ibn and Salgado, M.F. (1999) Libro de las categorías de las naciones: Vislumbres desde el islam clásico sobre la filosofía y la ciencia. Tres cantos: Akal., p.45
    1
  4236.  user-gq4fy6fh7z  The noblest of these nations that were not interested in science are the Chinese and the Turks. The Chinese are the largest of the peoples by number, the most imposing by kingdom, and the most considerable by territory. The domains they occupy are in the eastern parts of the inhabited world, between the equinoctial line to the extreme of the seven climates to the north. His share in knowledge (ma'rifa) is to surpass all nations in mastery of handicrafts and perfection of graphic arts. They are the most suffered of men in the prolonged effort, which the improvement of the works [supposes], as well as in enduring the harshness of the penalties in the perfection of the arts (sana'i"). As for the Turks, [they] also form a great nation with numerous troops and an imposing kingdom. The domains they inhabit are found between the eastern regions of Juräsän, [on the side] of the Islamic empire, the western regions of China, northern India, and the extreme north of the inhabited world. Their virtue is that they stand out and achieve supremacy in doing war, as well as in the elaboration of weapons; for they are the most skilful of men in horsemanship and [warfare] tactics, and the keenest of eyes for spearing, striking with the sword, and shooting arrows. Ahmad, A.S. ibn and Salgado, M.F. (1999) Libro de las categorías de las naciones: Vislumbres desde el islam clásico sobre la filosofía y la ciencia. Tres cantos: Akal., p.43
    1
  4237.  user-gq4fy6fh7z  Turkic history and warriors > Sinitic history and warriors
    1
  4238.  user-gq4fy6fh7z  "History of the Suí dinasty", chapter 84: The superiority of the Göktürks is in their cavalry and archers. When they are in a winning position, they advance with fury; but when danger comes, they withdraw with the speed of the wind, and disappear like lightning, without preserving order. Bows and arrows serve them as claws and fangs. Helmet and cuirass are their usual attire. Their detachments do not go in order, their camps do not stand still. They stop wherever they find grass and water; rams and horses provide food for their army. If they win, they stop and seek the wealth of the enemy; if they are defeated, they withdraw without any shame. They do not burden themselves with night duty, nor do they keep watch during the day; they do not waste their strength in building fortifications, or in storing provisions. But when Chinese soldiers go to war, they [Göktürks] behave very differently. If the Chinese enter the battle with the Göktürks, they [Chinese] rarely win. If we begin to imitate them now, if we adapt to their means, they will not be able to overcome us, and they will not attack us again. – Emperor Yang of Suí
    1
  4239.  user-gq4fy6fh7z  [Documents historiques sur les Tou-kioue (Turcs), extraits du Pien-i-Tien et traduits du chinois par Stanislas Julien (1797-1873) - Journal Asiatique, série 6, tome 4, juillet-décembre 1864. Pages 200-241, 391 sqq, 453-476. - p.104-105]
    1
  4240.  user-gq4fy6fh7z  China got conquered and ruled by small nomadic tribes like Shatuo, Tuoba, Mongols, Jurchens😂
    1
  4241. Ermenileri çiğ köfte yaptık😂
    1
  4242.  @nejdan2k2  that’s an academic reality deal with it
    1
  4243.  @nejdan2k2  Timoth May is one of the leading experts on Mongol history kiddo😹😹😹😹
    1
  4244.  @nejdan2k2  and your non-existent credible sources
    1
  4245. They were only one ethnicity just Germanic peoples with Germanic languages
    1
  4246. He made a mistake
    1
  4247. Ooo
    1
  4248. 🤣
    1
  4249.  @kunduraci30  aSS
    1
  4250.  @Shrey_Shrek  yeah. I am his one of the followers.
    1
  4251.  @Shrey_Shrek  Khantgolian🦈
    1
  4252.  @suleimanthemagnificent1494  yine grl mallar doluşmuş yorumlara
    1
  4253. @Emre Özcan tartışmaya gül gül öldüm ya😅😅😅
    1
  4254.  @pcmuhendisi420  %40 Native Anatolians hittites,lydians,lycians,hattians,pala,luwians...
    1
  4255.  @elgrandtvrcomehmedii5839  zkdkdkdld
    1
  4256.  @mustafaali3333-q1m  no
    1
  4257.  @poorang900  They never considered themselves (especially its founder) Persians, but the mistake Europeans made was to call any state that ruled Iran "persia". Even the name of the state "Qajar" is the name of a Turk tribe. Even Ilkhanates, a Mongol state, was wrongly referred to as Persia by Europeans.
    1
  4258. Not really
    1
  4259.  @nietzsche193  neyi
    1
  4260. Based
    1
  4261. 😂😂😂 White what? Central Asians are whiter than Anatolians 😅
    1
  4262. More than 20 million people look Turanid in Turkey but not even 10 million people look Iranic in Iran😂
    1
  4263. Turkic people were best nomads and warriors in history according to historians even big part of Mongol army was Turkic.
    1
  4264.  @xshandy5812  Turkic branch of Altaic
    1
  4265.  @xshandy5812  Ural-Altaic->Altaic->Turkic->Oghur->Hunnic
    1
  4266.  @xshandy5812  It is generally accepted that Huns being Oghur Turkic just like Sabirs, Bulgars, Tiele, Yueban, Onogurs, Utigurs, Kutrigurs etc. There is plenty of evidence even wikipedia says Kidarite/Hephthalites were most likely Turkic and of course therefore Huns/Xiongnu were also Turkic due to being same people with them :-)
    1
  4267.  @xshandy5812  According to Chinese sources Tiele and Hunnic languages were mutually intelligible so they were Turkic :)
    1
  4268.  @xshandy5812  How tf Tiele/Onogur related peoples were not Turkic???
    1
  4269.  @xshandy5812  Sakas and Sogdians were not Iranic those languages are 0% mutually intelligible with Persian🤣
    1
  4270.  @xshandy5812  Indic peoples are Para-Iranic and Iranic is Para-Indic but there is no such thing as Para-Turkic. Huns were Turkic peoples specially Oghur Turkic not Para-Turkic.
    1
  4271.  @xshandy5812  Hunnic language • • • • Hunnic language Infobox Language name=Hunnic familycolor=Altaic region=from China into Europe extinct=probably shortly after 453 CE fam1=Altaic fam2=Turkic fam3=Oghur The Hunnic language is an extinct language of theHuns. The records for this language are sparse. Classification Hunnic has been considered as related to the extinctBulgar and to present-day Chuvash in various schemesof genetic relationship. Today these languages areclassified, alongside with Khazar and Turkic Avar, asmembers of the Oghuric branch of the Turkic languagefamily. The suggestion that Hunnic was a Turkic languagearises from the identification of Hunnic names and otherHunnic lexical items as Turkic, some attested in thesurviving literary records, [Notably as documented in theworks of Maenchen-Helfen (1973), Pritsak (1982), Kemal (2002).] some recorded on artifacts recovered byarchaeologists. [The decipherment of the inscription onthe Khan Diggiz plate by Mukhamadiev (1995) revealsthe language to be West Hunnic.] The conclusion that Hunnic belongs to the Oghuricbranch of Turkic arises from the reasoning that theknown vocabulary shows the language to belong to the"r-" and "l-"type, as summarized by Johanson: "It isassumed that the Huns also were speakers of an "r-" and "l-"type Turkic language and that their migrationwas responsible for the appearance of this language inthe West." The "r-" and "l-" type language ("Lir"-Turkic) is nowdocumented only by Chuvash, the only subsistingmember of the Oghuric branch of Turkic. The rest of theTurkic languages (Common Turkic) are of the "z-" and"š-" type (also referred to as "Shaz"-Turkic). [Johanson(1998); cf. Johanson (2000, 2007) and the articlespertaining to the subject in Johanson & Csató (ed., 1998).]
    1
  4272.  @xshandy5812  Huns were Turkic peoples their tribal and ruler names are Oghur Turkic.
    1
  4273.  @xshandy5812  Scythian, Sarmatian and Alanians were also a bit unclear peoples they also wrote nothing…
    1
  4274.  @menniemint7772  Harvard University source is my dream LOOOOL
    1
  4275. Turkified Mongolic Empire
    1
  4276.  @skullsforerlikkhansthrone9306  bulgarian historians🤣🤣🤣😂😂
    1
  4277. mayena Cossacks are Turkic
    1
  4278. Carl Johnson Old Cossacks were Turks
    1
  4279.  @sinnerprophet7391  that means iranians are not genetically iranic
    1
  4280.  @sinnerprophet7391  Native Iranians and BMAC inhabitants weren’t Iranic are u crazy
    1
  4281. Thx
    1
  4282.  @matevznikolovski2911  inaccurate bro
    1
  4283. 😮
    1
  4284. Qing was Tungusic Empire
    1
  4285. Sa
    1
  4286. Nah. First settlers were Eteocypriots who were not Hellenic
    1
  4287.  @user-Prometheus  Cypriot Greek has often been referred to as a dialect of Greek (Contossopoulos, 2000); a variety that is linguistically proximal to Standard Modern Greek (Grohmann and Kambanaros, 2016 Grohmann et al. 2016), which is the official language in the environment our participants acquire language. Although the official language in education and other formal settings is indeed Standard Modern Greek, research has shown the boundaries between the two varieties, Standard Modern Greek and Cypriot Greek, and their distribution across different registers is not straightforward (Grohmann and Leivada, 2012, Tsiplakou et al. 2016). At times mixing is attested without code-switching being in place, while no official characterization has been provided for any of these terms in this specific context. The question arising in this context is whether the attested variants emerging in mixed speech repertoires are functionally equivalent for an individual speaker. The concept of "competing grammars goes back to Krich 11989, 1991), who proposed that speakers project multiple grammars to deal with ambiguous input This concept has been explicitly connected to the relation between Standard and Cypriot Greek (Papadopo et al. 2014; plaka 2014; Grohman et al 2017) The two varieties have differences in all levels of linguistic analysis and often monolingual speakers of Standard Modern Greek judge Cypriot Greek as unintelligible. At the same time, Greek Cypriot speakers do not always provide reliable judgments of their own speech since these are often clouded by sociolinguistic attitudes toward using the non-standard variety. Cypriot Greek lacks official codification and its status as a different language/variety is often denied by Greek Cypriots who may downplay the differences between Standard Modern Greek and Cypriot Greek and describe the latter as just an accent (Arvaniti, 2010). As the discussion of the different variants will make clear in the next section, the two varieties have differences across levels of linguistic analysis and these differences vastly exceed the sphere of phonetics or phonology. All speakers of Cypriot Greek have exposure to Standard Modern Greek through education and other mediums and in this way, they are competent to different degrees in both varieties. We employ the term 'bilectal' (Rowe and Grohmann, 2013, 2014) to refer to the participants of this study, although it is not entirely clear that the varieties they are exposed to are Standard Modern Greek and Cypriot Greek or that they are only two varieties, under the assumption that a continuum is in place. For instance, the term 'Cypriot Standard Greek' (Arvaniti, 2010) has been proposed to refer to an emerging variety that may count as the standard in the context of Cyprus. This would be a sociolinguistically 'high' variety (Ferguson, 1959) that is used in formal settings, although its degree of proximity with Standard Modern Greek is difficult to determine with precision because great fluidity is attested across different settings and geographical areas. At the school environment, for example, one notices the existence of three different varieties: Cypriot Greek, as the home variety that is used when students interact with each other, Standard Modern Greek, as the language of the teaching material, and another standard-like variety that incorporates elements from both varieties, and is present in the repertoire of both the students and the instructors (Sophocleous and Wilks. 2010; Hadjioannou et al., 2011; Leivada et al.. 2017).
    1
  4288.  @user-Prometheus  Bulgarians and Serbians are one and same by your logic
    1
  4289.  @wankawanka3053  it is extinct now (completely FORGOTTEN 🐸)
    1
  4290.  @wankawanka3053  👁️ 👁️ 👄
    1
  4291. Sad Hellenes
    1
  4292.  @GlaciaDay  Turkic, Mongolic, Tungusic and Para-Mongolic nomads adopted Sinitic culture who ruled China
    1
  4293. Abdul Hassansalam
    1
  4294. Turks conquered and ruled Iran for a very long time
    1
  4295. Turks > Hellenes including Alexander
    1
  4296. Georgia= Vassals of big empires
    1
  4297.  @turkaskeri57  e o zaman ne yalan diyon😂
    1
  4298.  @abdullahomarabdulrazzaq6061  30000000000Khazars So. True😂
    1
  4299.  @gaja9092  They ruled your grandmother
    1
  4300.  @ssnsg523  Not really. Italic and Iranic peoples were overwhelmingly non-Indo-European by blood. Even Germanic and Celtic peoples were half Indo-European by blood.
    1
  4301.  @Shahanshah.Shahin  No, these are scientific facts. Even Pan-Iranists accept :)
    1
  4302. Lyle Campbell and Mauricio J. Mixco (2007): A Glossary of Historical Linguistics; University of Utah Press. Page 7: "While 'Altaic' is repeated in encyclopedias and handbooks most specialists in these languages no longer believe that the three traditional supposed Altaic groups, Turkic, Mongolian and Tungusic, are related."
    1
  4303. Johanna Nichols (1992) Linguistic Diversity in Space and Time. Chicago University Press. Page 4: "When cognates proved not to be valid, Altaic was abandoned and the received view now is that Turkic, Mongolian and Tungusic are unrelated."
    1
  4304. R. M. W. Dixon (1997): The Rise and Fall of Languages. Cambridge University Press. Page 32: "Careful examination indicates that the established families, Turkic, Mongolian and Tungusic, form a linguistic area (called Altaic)...Sufficient criteria have not been given that would justify talking of a genetic relationship here."
    1
  4305. Asya Pereltsvaig (2012) Languages of the World, An Introduction. Cambridge University Press. Pages 211–216: "[...T]his selection of features does not provide good evidence for common descent" [...] "we can observe convergence rather than divergence between Turkic and Mongolic languages—a pattern than is easily explainable by borrowing and diffusion rather than common descent"
    1
  4306. De la Fuente, José Andrés Alonso (2016). "Review of Robbeets, Martine (2015): Diachrony of verb morphology. Japanese and the Transeurasian languages". Diachronica. 33 (4): 530–537. For now, shared material between Transeurasian [i.e. Altaic] languages is undoubtedly better explained as the result of language contact. But if researchers provide cogent evidence of genealogical relatedness, that will be the time to re-evaluate old positions. That time, however, has not yet come.
    1
  4307. Yore History https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_people (Wiki isn’t saying germanic ethnic group) https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germans (Wiki saying germanic ethnic group) The same logic https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italians (Romance ethnic group) https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_people (Not romance ethnic group)
    1
  4308. Roman Fire
    1
  4309.  @berserk9085  Turkic, Semitic and Mongolic are ethno-linguistic entities unlike Indo-European which is combination of 15-20 different ethno-linguistic groups as Sino-Tibetan.
    1
  4310.  @berserk9085  When Temüjin was a boy, the center of the steppe world was the Orkhon Valley, the old imperial site of the Türks. The valley was dominated by the Kereit. To the west, on the upper Irtysh River, lay Naiman territory. The Kereit and Naiman, not the Mongols, were masters of the steppe. The Kereit and Naiman elites spoke Turkic and had partially converted to Christianity under the influence of the Nestorian Church. In an effort to out do each other, To'oril of the Kereit and Tayang Qan of the Naiman accumulated men, weapons, alliances, and prestige. Yesügei Ba'atur sided with the Kereit. Later Chinggis Khan would subdue the Kereit and the Naiman in the course of a protracted effort to defeat all challengers among the steppe peoples. The Horde How the Mongols Changed the World Marie Favereau, p.32-33 In reality , Mongol is not an appropriate name because while the leaders of this movement were Mongol most of their army were Turkish tribesmen . The Turkish influence in the Mongol army had been extremely extensive , the two branches of the Mongol empire - Khanat Joji ( the Golden Horde ) and Khanat Jeghtai — who ruled the region had by the fourteenth century totally adopted Turkish culture. Central Asia, which was the base of Jeghtai government, in reality was the centre of Turkish culture . However , even beyond the Ural mountains , the Turkish culture enjoyed a strong presence .14 Ehteshami, A., 1994. From the Gulf to Central Asia. Exeter: University of Exeter Press, p.78. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
    1
  4311.  @berserk9085  A similar view was held by the 11th century Arab historian Sa'ed Al-Andalusi. In his book "Category of the nations" he said the following about the Turks: "And their virtue which they skilled in is warfare and its means/tools, they are the best nation when it comes to chivalry, archery and swordsmanship" In another part of the book he says that the Chinese used to refer to the king of the Turks as "The king of the lions".
    1
  4312. 👁️ 👄
    1
  4313.  @wankawanka3053  Where were your ancestors in that time when Turkic peoples had many great empires at the same time😹🤣
    1
  4314. Devamı ne knk supremacy lay den sonra
    1
  4315.  @subhan8090 komple atsana bu yazıları bana
    1
  4316.  @subhan8090  evet
    1
  4317.  @Info_nexus01  ok i will watch it
    1
  4318.  @bghn4114  🤲🏿🍆🤓
    1
  4319.  @SkyWalker-ke9ms  They were Germanic🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
    1
  4320.  MeChupaUnHuevon  Which Europeans? Do you mean Germanic peoples?
    1
  4321.  @starmaker75  Even big part of Mongol army was Turkic
    1
  4322.  @milliyetci5672  of Oghur Turkic origin and closely related to Bulgars, Sabirs, Onogurs, Xiongnu, Hephthalites, Kidarites etc.
    1
  4323. 3 Chinggisids
    1
  4324. 3 Turkic 3 Mongolic
    1
  4325. Yeah me too. I am a cleaner😂
    1
  4326.  @merveakgun4711  🐸
    1
  4327. THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot."
    1
  4328. Zeynep Aydoğmuş sa
    1
  4329.  @abdelmalekmetidji  Rome was a thing since 700 BC
    1
  4330. Turks were always badass both before and after Ottomans
    1
  4331.  @shredder2333  you are using this guy as a source… Prof. Dr. Özay Mehmet FACULTY: Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences BRANCH: Uluslararası Finans
    1
  4332. Dal DALŞAK TOKAT KAVŞAK Dal daşşak diye okudum amk
    1
  4333. 🤣🤣🤣🐸🐸🐸🐸🐸🐸
    1
  4334. Dldğdğşe
    1
  4335.  @StandTallFortress  however that’s a pseudo history that only mongolian nationalists believing :-)
    1
  4336. @Joshua Bowman Donghu people are probably ancestors of Mongolic, Para-Mongolic and Tungusic peoples.
    1
  4337.  @camrendavis6650  nope
    1
  4338. Corn Flakerr0 They were Onogur origin kid
    1
  4339.  @kumar921  🤓🤓🤓
    1
  4340. Firstly they assimilated the Hattians, then they themselves got assimilated by others…
    1
  4341. 🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣🤣
    1
  4342. Ottomans > your entire history kiddo🤣
    1
  4343.  ÇizgiFilmHanem  var attım yorumlara
    1
  4344.  wratch-gd2jq  🫠
    1
  4345. Zort
    1
  4346. I wrote something before you mentioned me😅
    1
  4347.  @ryanvouche254  Only a few of them were looked like that and probably they were slaves of Khazar Turks. Khazars had Asiatic Siberian looking.
    1
  4348.  @luminescentboy3340 cringe
    1
  4349.  @shapur_II  Turco-Mongols cleaned your ancestors in Central Asia lol
    1
  4350. Yes Page -194- ^ Timour was the son of Teragay Nevian. He gives the following account of his lineage, in his memoirs :—" My father told me that we were descendants from Abu-al-Atrak (father of the Turks) the son of Japhet. His fifth son, Aljeh Khan, had twin sons, Tatar and Mogul, who placed their feet on the paths of infidelity. Turaene Khan had a son Kabul, whose son, Munga Bahadur, was the father of Temugin, small estate, with not more than three or four mounted attendants. He lived iu a village, near this city of Kesh, for the men of this land prefer living in the villages, and in the plains, to living in cities. His son, also, had not more than four or five horses. I will now tell you, what was told to the ambassadors, as certain truth in this city, and in other parts. It is said that Timour, having four or five servants, went out one day to steal a sheep, and on another day a cow, by force, from the people of the country. When he had got them, be ate them with his followers ; and some because of the plunder, others because he was a brave and good hearted man, joined him, until he had a force of three hundred mounted followers. From that time be traversed the country, to rob and steal all he could lay hands on, for himself and bis companions, and he also frequented the roads, and plundered the merchants.' Narrative of the embassy of Ruy Gonzalez de Clavijo to the court of Timour at Samarcand, A.D. 1403-6 by González de Clavijo, Ruy, d. 1412; Markham, Clements R. (Clements Robert), Sir, 1830-1916 ed
    1
  4351.  @anadaere6861  Wtf is Parthian and Turkish Persians🤣🤣🤣 Persians were nobody after Sasanians
    1
  4352.  @barontuna  Turkic language was official language beside Persian in the time of Seljuks and Ajem Turkic Empires
    1
  4353. Al Demir senin yorumlarını her yerde görüyorum
    1
  4354. Al Demir yo kötü bi şey demedim
    1
  4355.  @galapagos4154  Türk’ün Türkten başka dostu yoktur deriz ya hep işte o boş laf demek istedim Türk’ün dostu da düşmanı da kendisidir
    1
  4356. Akinjis were better
    1
  4357.  @Emilechen  still they got ruled by us
    1
  4358. You missed Pashaliks
    1
  4359. Ksjs Jdjdb İskitler multietnik knk bi kısmı türk ama genetiklerine bak türk slav finnik cermen vs. karışımı
    1
  4360. 🙃
    1
  4361.  @carolpulma2734  He claims it makes more sense that it is an expansion of peoples rather than a single person.
    1
  4362.  @tack9571  stfu kid
    1
  4363. Naimans and Keraites were Mongolized Turkic peoples
    1
  4364. Turkic and Mongolic tribes united in 1206
    1
  4365. 😮
    1
  4366. So many Turkic Dynasties
    1
  4367. Fade Away Turkic slave Aybeg found Mamluks So mamluks are Turkic Circassians found Burji dynasty
    1
  4368.  @uguryzg  Only Pan-Kurds like you believe that Kurdish being a single language
    1
  4369. Türk s .. e sürülecek akıl yok🤣🤣🤣
    1
  4370. Serbs are Slavs, Bulgars are Turks, Armenians are Armenians :)
    1
  4371. In fact, Turkic-speaking peoples have played a major role in Iranian history, ruling the country from the eleventh century up to the early twentieth. Even today they represent more than a quarter of Iran's population. Foltz, R. (2016) Iran in world history. Oxford etc.: Oxford University Press. p.61
    1
  4372. 😅
    1
  4373.  @alexginger1948  Ottoman Empire were known as Turkey by both Islamic and European sources
    1
  4374.  @alexginger1948  Souvenir Historique Du Congrès de Paris 1856. Traité de Paix Et D'amitié Entre la France, L'Autriche, L'Angleterre, la Prusse, la Russie, la Sardaigne Et la Turquie Signé À Paris Le 30 Mars 1856 Il suffira de les énumérer rapidement . F. Bianconi fit paraître en 1877 un ouvrage et une carte sur l'ethnographie et la statistique de la Turquie d'Europe , travail , comme l'a dit Kiepert , « incroyablement superficiel et peu sûr » . Chrestiens lors deliurez : il n'y a celuy qui n'estime ceste iournée la plus fauorable à la Chrestiente , qui ayt esté depuis le regne du grand Ottoman , premier Empereur de Turquie . Histoire ou commentaires de toutes choses mémorables,(1572), page 444 Sophy auoit faite à Acomath , frere du Turc , luy donnant secours auec le Soldan , pour s'emparer de la Turquie . La Cosmographie Vniverselle D'André Thevet Cosmographe Dv Roy. Illvstree De, (1575), page 318 En Turquie entendue la mort , de Selim premier , Gazel Bellerbei de Surie rebella contre Soliman , estimant estre quitte du serment qu'il disoit auoir donné seulement à Selim , non à son successeur . De l'excellence du Gouvernement Royal . Auec Exhortation aux Francois de, (1575), page 35
    1
  4375.  @wankawanka3053  🤣
    1
  4376. Hectór Sanchez Tigranes is not armenian origin🤣🤣😂😂😂
    1
  4377. They are supporting Russia nowadays.
    1
  4378.  @Cyrus.the.Great_Cassandane  🤓
    1
  4379.  @cypiot  Ik
    1
  4380.  @cypiot but academic sources call Turkified Kurd
    1
  4381. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home.
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  4382. Yorum gitmiş
    1
  4383. Mitannis are Indo Aryan peoples
    1
  4384. Ksjs Jdjdb The Turkish presence in Western Thrace started with the arrival of the Scythian Turks who came to the Balkans in the 2nd century BC together with the 'Western Branch' of migrants from Central Asia. https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=VpdXKpmaYLEC&printsec=frontcover&dq=a+modern+theory+of+language+evolution&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwisvcCdhrroAhWwk4sKHUxfBG8Q6AEIJTAA#v=onepage&q=Turkic&f=false .Contemporary populations linked to western Iron Age steppe people can be found among diverse ethnic groups in the Caucasus, Russia and Central Asia (spread across many Iranian and other Indo- European speaking groups), whereas populations with genetic similarities to eastern Scythian groups are found almost exclusively among Turkic language speakers (Supplementary Figs 10 and 11). https://reich.hms.harvard.edu/sites/reich.hms.harvard.edu/files/inline-files/ncomms14615_0.pdf Contemporary descendants of western Scythian groups are found among various groups in the Caucasus and Central Asia, while similarities to eastern Scythian are found to be more widespread, but almost exclusively among Turkic language speaking (formerly) nomadic groups, particularly from the Kipchak branch of Turkic languages (Supplementary Note 1). https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14615 Caucasus and Central Asia, while similarities to eastern Scythian are found to be more widespread, but almost exclusively among Turkic language speaking (formerly) nomadic groups, particularly from the Kipchak branch of Turkic languages (Supplementary Note 1). http://eurogenes.blogspot.com/2017/03/genetic-origins-and-legacy-of-scythians.html?m=1 Turkic tribes like Sakas, Kushanas, when they settled on India's borders and inside it also adopted ... https://www.cs.colostate.edu/~malaiya/turkish.html http://s155239215.onlinehome.us/turkic/27_Scythians/EthnicRootsEn.htm Both Kushans and Scythians were of Turki origin. (University of Sind) https://books.google.com.tr/books?hl=tr&id=q3FXAAAAMAAJ&dq=both+kushans+and+scythians+were+of+pakistan&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Turki The Sacae were a mixed people, probably a fusion of Iranian, Finnish, and Turkish— the antithesis of modern Hungarians. Exactly the same may be presumed about the Alans. The Chinese consider them as near relations of the Turks. (Harvard University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=tMdRefDs_G4C&q=sacae+finnic+harvard&dq=sacae+finnic+harvard&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjQpbS39L_pAhXhs4sKHSFTB0kQ6AEILjAB Genetics of Saka people https://hizliresim.com/aDjnZ0 https://hizliresim.com/IfZFMW
    1
  4385.  @sina1216  Timeline of Battles= 569 Siege of Balkh🇹🇷 570 Siege of Hamadan🇹🇷 570 Siege of Tehran🇹🇷 570 Siege of Isfahan🇹🇷 589 Battle of the eastern border🇹🇷 589 Battle of Hyrcanian Rock 🇮🇷 603 Battle of Nishapur🇹🇷 619 Battle of Iranian lands🇹🇷 619 Siege of Isfahan🇹🇷 619 Siege of Rey🇹🇷 623 Battle of Armenia🇹🇷 628 Siege of Derbent🇹🇷 628 Battle of Kalankatuyk🇹🇷 628 Siege of Tbilisi🇹🇷 630 Battle of Caucasus🇹🇷 Turks 14 - 1 Iranians
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  4386.  @sina1216  The Achaemenids and Sassanids got destroyed by a Hellenic and Arabic tribe respectively Parthians had their capital countless times sacked by Romans and post Islamic Persia was basically a playground for Arabs, Turks, and Mongols as we all know
    1
  4387.  @sina1216  Persia had now again been reduced to the status of a vassal state to the Huns. Peroz, however, had still ... These triumphs over the Sassanians made the name of the Hephthalite Huns a terror to the Persians and other Iranian peoples. Empire were ultimately wiped out in the 5th century by the invasions of the White Huns, and later the expansion of Islam.
    1
  4388. Mark Corrigan niye?
    1
  4389. Mark Corrigan yanlış daha da uzamalıydk israile kadar
    1
  4390. Mark Corrigan yok TCden bahsediyorum
    1
  4391. Mark Corrigan en çok üzüldüğüm de balkanların kaybı sarışın mavi gözlü güzel kızları kaybettik bizden bölündürler bıyıklı berfinlere kaldık aq😢😭😭😢😢😭😢😢😢😢😢😢😢😢😢😢😢😭😭😭😭
    1
  4392. Mark Corrigan Türke ihanet eden hainlik yapan herkesin anası sikildi gerçek bu Allah cezalandırdı ama balkan bunu haketmedi yunan ve bulgarlar hariç
    1
  4393. G00D FATHER oha
    1
  4394. G00D FATHER videoyu izle😍 https://youtu.be/pproTe-tCik
    1
  4395. Khaljis were Khalaj Turks
    1
  4396.  @ganbatganbold3428  The Jalair Possibly of the Turkic ancestry, this group of people were captured by the Timuchin's clan and became vassals. In early days, this group of people raided the pasture of rich Mongol woman, Monolun (wife of the grandson of Bodunchar), and killed her and her eight sons. Only Kaidu was saved by his uncle Nachin and later Kaidu defeated the Jalair to be a leader of the early Mongol people. The Jalairs became very much attached to the Mongol people in the ensuing years. Later, they became vassals and got assimilated Muhuali or Mukali was said to be one of them. The Jalairs were said to be of the Darligin Mengwu tribe and fled west to the Kerulen River after being attacked by the Khitans. Alternatively speaking, Jalair (Zha-la-yi-er) was listed together with Zu-bu and Zhu-bu- gu, i.e., Dadan equivalent, in Liao Shi (history of the Khitan Liao dynasty), which were considered a Huihe (Uygur) tribal alliance since the days the Huihe expelled the Kirghiz from the Orkhon River and Tu'ula River area and rebelled against the Khitans throughout the 10th-11th centuries, with Mo-gu-si Khan launching a Zu-bu dynasty in A.D. 1100 in defiance of the Khitans. That is, the Jalair shared the same ancestry as the Keraits who possessed a Nestorian Mo-gu-si (Marcus in Ecclesiastical Chronicle) - who was a different person from Kerait chieftain Wang-han (Toghrul)'s grandfather Margus Buiruk per Historian Zhou Liangxiao for the generations' lapse.
    1
  4397. Aynen ermeni çeteleri bir melekti zaten
    1
  4398.  @izzetkaanyuksel8940  Yusuf Halaçoğlu Sevan Nişanyan’ı iyi zıplatmıştı diye hatırlıyorum bu konuda
    1
  4399. 🤨
    1
  4400. It is impossible to prove
    1
  4401. Kazakh kings were from Jochids who were ethnic Merkits
    1
  4402.  @OrthodoxBulgaria  What German rulers of Bulgaria has to do with Turkic rulers of Bulgaria?😅
    1
  4403. Bihh H really???
    1
  4404. This may have been so when the slaves were originally trained and appointed. But the effect in the long term was to create communities of Turks at a high level who, enjoying the borrowed authority of the sovereign, could usurp power for themselves. This was the origin of the group known as the Ghaznavids (after Ghazni, the city in Afghanistan, which, after the Samanids had seized it for themselves, was assigned as the center of their province). In the early centuries of the second millennium, these various Turkic groups, whether slave or free, usurped control of various parts of Iranian territory, sometimes passing through it to establish dominions even beyond the sphere of the Caliphate. So in 999 the Qarakhanids took control of Transoxiana from the Samanids, which they then held for two centuries. This brought the region firmly within the domain of Turkic mother tongue, as it has been ever since, and by the same token gave Persian the status of lingua-franca At the same time as this Qarakhanid action, the Ghaznavids took over the center and south of the Samanids' territory. A little later, the Oghuz (also known as Turcomans), and above all a leading group of them called the Seljuqs, hitherto widely used as mercenaries by the Samanids and the Ghaznavids, infiltrated northern Khorasan. At Dandanagan in 1040, they definitively defeated the Ghaznavids. Khorasan became theirs alone, and the Ghaznavids were compelled henceforth to look south, for new conquests in India. The Seljuqs went on to destroy Buyid control of the east of the Caliphate, taking Baghdad in 1055 (and receiving the caliph's blessing as his liberators), and in 1071, for good measure, defeating the Byzantine Empire at Manzikert, so opening up Anatolia to Turkic colonization over the next few centuries. In 1089, they defeated the Qarakhanids too, but did not dispossess them, holding them rather as their vassals (muqta') for the next fifty years. It might have been expected that these different ruling dynasties, Ghaznavid, Qarakhanid, and Seljuq, would have brought a new lingua-franca to the Middle East in the eleventh century. They did, after all, speak mutually intelligible forms of Turkic; and this was the beginning of what would turn into almost a millennium of Turkish rule, as witness the Arabic proverb cited by the North African analytic historian Ibn Khaldun of the fourteenth century: dawlah 'ind al-turk, din 'ind al-'arab wa adab 'ind al-furs Power (rests) with the Turk, religion with the Arab, and culture with the Persian.
    1
  4405. The arrival of the Turks in the Muslim world pushed Muslim power further into India. Of particular note is Mahmud of Ghazni (r. 997-1030), a Turkic sultan who was the first to lead military expeditions deep into India. By establishing himself as the leader of an autonomous state based in Ghazni in the Afghan highlands, he was close enough to India to focus much of his attention on the subcontinent. His seventeen military campaigns into northern India served as the basis of his rule, bringing wealth and power to him and his empire. While his raids were no doubt detrimental to local power and rule in India, he also established major cultural centers and helped spread Persian culture throughout his reign. The legendary Persian poet Firdawsi, who perhaps did more to revive ancient Persian culture than any other person after the country's conversion to Islam, and al-Biruni, a scientist, historian, geologist and physicist, were both mainstays of Mahmud's court. Because of his status as a patron of the arts coupled with his ruthless raids into India, Mahmud of Ghazni's legacy in India today is colored by modern politics as much as anyone else.   Regardless of his legacy, Mahmud and the Ghaznavid Dynasty he founded laid the foundation for Muslim conquest in India. The succeeding dynasty, the Ghurids, also ruled out of Afghanistan, and managed to push their borders even further into India, capturing Delhi in 1192. The Ghurids relied on slave soldiers of Turkic origin who formed the core of their army, much like the contemporary Ayyubids further west in the Muslim world. Like their counterparts in Egypt, who established the Mamluk Sultanate, the slave soldiers in India eventually overthrew their masters and inaugurated their own dynasty: the Delhi Sultanate.
    1
  4406. A letter from Nädir to the Ottoman 1129 Sultan Mahmud I addressed Mahmüd as "the world-illuminating light of the Turkmän royal house.30 Avoiding any specific definitions of these ancestral Turkic ties, Nadir appealed to them as a way to reconnect disparate Muslim realms. In its audacity, Nadir's vision resembled Timür's grandiose plans. Both tried to invent the tradition of an imagined unity that had never actually existed, and could, in any case, only be implemented anyway by glossing over irreconcilable differences. Pfeiffer, J. and Woods, J., n.d. History and historiography of post Mongol Central Asia and the Middle East. pp.338, 339. Besides territorial integrity, two alternative concepts of sovereignty to replace the crumbling dynastic ideal can be discerned in Nadir Shah's negotiations with the Ottomans in the 1730s. Nadir proposed equal relations based, first, on Ottoman recognition of the legitimacy of Twelver Shiism as a fifth school of orthodox Islamic law. And second, he proposed something akin to an ethnic or national concept - equal relations based on Nadir Shah's identity as a member of the noble Turkmen family of peoples." Howard, D. (2017). A History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp.192
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  4407.  @NoMadMediaProductions  They could be Mongolized Turkic tribe too just like Naimans and Öngüts because their ruler and tribal names were Turkic.
    1
  4408.  @Shrey_Shrek  yes
    1
  4409.  @Ankit-d9f4u  even Indic sources called them as Turushka lol🤣
    1
  4410.  @Ankit-d9f4u  as Turks ( ' Turushka ' ) , and , irrespective of a shared religion , the conquerors fought bitterly over power on ethnic grounds over centuries to come . The presence of three such dynasties — Slave , Khilji and Tughlaq - can be seen in this complex itself . When Aibak and fellow Turks set out to rule at Delhi , there was no mosque available .
    1
  4411.  @Ankit-d9f4u  then why almost everybody accepted them as Turkic?
    1
  4412. Hassan Abdulsalam Turkish Ayyubids😎 According to crusaders
    1
  4413. 😂
    1
  4414. 🤣🤣🤣
    1
  4415. Nope
    1
  4416.  @drewbinsky  🌝
    1
  4417. Abshir Mohamed 👍👍👍👍
    1
  4418. @Ömer Can Uyar Para-Mongolic
    1
  4419. Native Egyptians applied the term atrak (Turks) indiscriminately to the Ottomans and Mamluks, who were at the top of the social pyramid, while Egyptians, most of whom were farmers, were at the bottom. During her stay in Upper Egypt, Lady Duff Gordon mentions the opinion of an Upper Egyptian man on the Ahmad Al Tayeb Uprising[111] that happened during her stay. She puts what he said thus: "Truly in all the world none are miserable like us Arabs. The Turks beat us, and the Europeans hate us and say quite right. By God, we had better lay down our heads in the dust (die) and let the strangers take our land and grow cotton for themselves".[112]
    1
  4420. Turks questioned the Egyptians' ability to rule and fight: they used pejorative terms, such as "fallahin," "Tat," or "Miqlaji," in referring to Egyptians, and considered them socially inferior. Salim was the only Ottoman sultan to visit Egypt until the nineteenth century. Egyptians regarded his successors as distant, though generally benevolent, figures. Chroniclers noted their accession to the throne and their deaths, but little else. Winter, M. (1998). Ottoman Egypt, 1525–1609. In M. Daly (Ed.), The Cambridge History of Egypt (The Cambridge History of Egypt, pp. 1-33). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
    1
  4421. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
    1
  4422.  @hristoivanov8665  The name Krum is of Turkic origin and means "governor prince" (from kurum "rule, leadership, administration").
    1
  4423. Videonun konusu vurgu mu tam olarak
    1
  4424.  @Shrey_Shrek  yeah
    1
  4425. айболек95 merhaba
    1
  4426.  @kleinenfuchse5365  🫒
    1
  4427. You are right both were superpowers
    1
  4428.  @wankawanka3053  Because Rome is a such complex structure just like the USA, nobody can own it, but the ethnicities that founded the dynasties can claim those dynasties. Armenians could claim the Heraclian and Macedonian dynasties, or the Greeks can claim the Komnenian and Angelos dynasties.
    1
  4429. The Achaemenids and Sassanids got destroyed by a Hellenic and Arabic tribe respectively Parthians had their capital countless times sacked by Romans and post Islamic Persia was basically a playground for Arabs, Turks, and Mongols as we all know
    1
  4430. The fact that formerly Iranic inhabited regions like Azerbaijan and much of modern Central Asia have become Turkic populated lands now says a lot about who dominated whom
    1
  4431. ”Fifty thousand Persians in full armour and riding at full gallop could not buckle and route a single Minggan (thousand) of Turks” - Al Maqrizi
    1
  4432. ke yu jhong he was Turkish king
    1
  4433.  @user-Prometheus  Hellenes originally belong to Ukraine lol. Greece was not originally Hellenic.
    1
  4434.  @shiyarkestey8114  🤓
    1
  4435.  @shiyarkestey8114  Saladin and his army conquered Jerusalem and made war in the Middle East as an alien power - alien in religion from the Christian majority and both ethnically and culturally alien from the indigenous Greek-, Armenian-, Syriac- (that is, Aramaic-) and Arabic-speaking population. Saladin himself was a Turkified Kurd who began his career serving the Seljuk Turks, who were invaders from Central Asia, and his 19 army at Jerusalem was Turkish, though with a Kurdish element. The Turks looked down on the Arabs whose rule in the Middle East they had replaced, and the Arabs viewed the Turks with bitter contempt; nor is there much evidence of the Arab knights learning Turkish, the language of their military overlords, nor that the Turks learned much Arabic' 20 Haag, M., n.d. The tragedy of the Templars.
    1
  4436.  @shiyarkestey8114  Humphreys, R. S. "AYYUBIDS", Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. III, Fasc. 2, pp. 164–167, "In the light of the above outline, is it proper to think of the Ayyubid confederation as a specifically “Kurdish” state? On the level of political structure, the governing attitudes of the Ayyubid confederation can certainly be related to the political institutions of their original homeland. On the other hand, these institutions do not differ significantly from the underlying structures of contemporary Turkish states (...)"
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  4437. Turcomongols
    1
  4438. Cap
    1
  4439. Khitan was not a Mongolic language
    1
  4440. Another Fact: Most Albanians are living in Turkiye and only speak Turkish now😂 we Turkified your ancestors LOL
    1
  4441. Ne
    1
  4442.  @JuLingo  especially the parts of para-mongolic and mongolic relationship with turkic languages ​​are very interesting
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  4443.  @alexyordanov6250  Virgin Bulgurians vs Gigachad Basil II :-)
    1
  4444. Huns are Onogur Turkic
    1
  4445. *Although in the past the Huns are thought to have been Mongolian emigrants, it is far more likely that they were of Turkic origin. This point has been repeated by thousands of historians, sinologists, turcologists, altaistics, and other researchers. Let me try to state how this idea began with Sinology researchers.[1] *Maenchen-Helfen (1973), 386-9, also thinks that these names are the Germanic or Germanicized names of Turkic Huns.[2] *The language of the Huns has always been classified in the Turkic linguistic family.[3] *In the 5th century A . D . the Danube Slavs had lived in symbiosis with the Turkic Huns[4] *One of the first and most ferocious of such Asiatic (Turkic) peoples were the Huns.[5] *A large number of many different Turkic tribes were called Huns.[6] *It is conceivable that the Huns (Ephthalites), who irrupted into Central Asia in the early fifth century, were Turkic.[7] *Probably a substantial group of Hunnish peoples spoke some form of Turkic, a subfamily of the Altaic languages.[8] *Danube used by a large number of Turkic peoples - including Huns, Avars,Bulgars,Cumans.[9] * Among them, the Vandals were East Germanic, the Suevi or 'Swabians' were Central Germanic, the Huns were Turkic, and the Alans were Iranic (like the modern Ossetians).[10] *Also, with the various Turkic tribes on the west; especially with the Huns.[11] *Historic Turkic kingdoms (the earliest being the Great Hun Empire from 200 B.C., which stretched from Siberia to Tibet,and the last being the Ottoman Empire founded in A.D. 1299),hinting at a racial side to Turkish identity.[12] *By the fifth century, the last of the Tocharians was driven from the region by nomadic Huns, possibly the earliest of many subsequent waves of Tur- kic invaders in Central Asia.[13] *Who are the Turkic Peoples? This great family of peoples includes the Huns,Khazars,Avars and Bulgar-Turks of former times.[14] *The principal invaders in the north were no longer the Turkic Xiongnu[15] *Horses were vital to maintaining Han military strength against the increasing nomadic incur. sions from the Turkic Xiongnu tribal armies along the northern borders and in the northwest.[16] *The constant incursions in the Han's northern and northwestern frontiers by the Turkic nomads known as Xiongnu (the Huns) necessitated Han military expeditions across the Pamirs into Central Asia.[17] * By the 5th century many of the troops were barbarian foederation of Germanic, Turkic (“Huns and "Bulgars), and, perhaps, “Slavic origins [18] * The fact that the Bulgars of Asparukh - whom we considered descendants of the Huns led by Irnikh -were Turks.[19] *While the Hun hords of Attila that tried to conquer Europe were surely Proto-Türks.[20] Sources: *1- The Origins of the Huns-The History Files *2-The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe(Cambridge University Press)-Page 177 *3-Russian Translation Series of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology 1964 (Harvard University Press) *4-Among the People, Native Yugoslav Ethnography: Selected 1982(Michigan University Press) *5-Byzantium: Church, Society, and Civilization Seen Through Contemporary Eyes(University of Chicago Press)-Page 332 *6-Eurasian Studies Yearbook Volume 74 Eurolingua, 2002 *7-Islamic Peoples Of The Soviet Un-Page 384 *8-The Saga of the Volsungs: The Norse Epic of Sigurd the Dragon Slayer(University of California Press)-Page 15 *9-The Early Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Sixth to the Late Twelth Century(University of Michigan Press)-Page 25 *10-Vanished Kingdoms: The Rise and Fall of States and Nations *11-China ancient and modern-Page-55 *12-Turkey: What Everyone Needs to Know®(Oxford University Press) *13-Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia-Page 251 *14-Oxford Symposium on Food & Cookery, 1989: Staplefoods : Proceedings *15-China: A New History, Second Enlarged Edition(Harvard University Press)-Page 73 *16-Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China ; Gansu and Ningxia, 4th - 7th Century ; [on the Occasion of the Exhibition "Monks and Merchants: Silk Road Treasures from Northwest China", Organized by the Asia Society Museum, New York, October 13, 2001 - January 6, 2002 ...] *17-The Harvard Dictionary of Music-Page 261 *18- The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity-Page 1346 *19- The Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia Volume 1-Page 202 *20-China Knowledge-Xiongnu
    1
  4446.  @theultimatefreak666  The structure of this geographical relationship was already in place prior to the 13th century , when Italian merchants began to refer to the Turkey of the Seljuks as “ Turchia ” .
    1
  4447. @Albion There were Turkic Crusaders too like Turcopoles
    1
  4448.  Эркин Мәмбэтҗан 🇰🇿 Қыйат 卐  Hunzzzz
    1
  4449. Fun Fact: Anatolia got Turkified after Mongol Invasions not after Seljuk invasions
    1
  4450. Abbasids and Umayyads ruled the entire Iranics🤣🤣🤣 what a big shame
    1
  4451.  Qazaq_Qyiat  Mongol Empire was barely Mongolic. Most of their army was Turkic too.
    1
  4452. It is for sure nobody takes this joke theory serious
    1
  4453. Bosworth, C. E. (2019). New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual. Edinburgh University Press. p. 73. ISBN 978-1-4744-6462-8. (...) Najm al-Din Ayyüb and Asad al-Din Shirküh b. Shadhi, the progenitors of the dynasty, were from the Hadhbani tribe of Kurds, although the family seems to have become considerably Turkicised from their service at the side of Turkish soldiers. The Turkish commander of Mosul and Aleppo, Zangi b. Aq Sonqur (see below, no. 93, 1) recruited large numbers of bellicose Kurds into his follow ing, including in 532/1138 Ayyüb, and soon afterwards his brother Shirküh en tered the service of Zangi's famous son Nür al-Din. In 564/1169, Shirküh gained control of Egypt on the demise of the last Fatimid caliph al-'Adid (see above, no. 27) but died almost immediately, and his nephew Salah al-Din b. Najm al-Din Ayyüb (Saladin) was recognised by his troops as Shirküh's successor. The celebrated foe of the Frankish Crusaders, Saladin, was accordingly the real founder of the dynasty. He extinguished the last vestiges of Fatimid rule in Egypt and replaced the Isma'tli Shi'ism which had prevailed there for two centuries by a strongly orthodox Sunni religious and educational policy; the great wave of Ayyübid mosque- and madrasa-building in Egypt and Syria was one aspect of this. The Ayyubids were in this way continuing the policy of the Zangids in Syria and were acting in a parallel manner to the Great Saljuqs before them, who had inaugurated a Sunni reaction in the Iraqi and Persian lands taken over from the Shi'i Bayids (see below, no. 75). Although the Ayyübids were in fact less enthusiastic pursuers of jihad than the Zangids had been, Saladin is associated in Western scholarship with his successes in Palestine, for his enthusiasm enabled him to weld together armies of Kurds, Turks and Arabs in a common cause. (...) Humphreys, R. S. "AYYUBIDS", Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. III, Fasc. 2, pp. 164–167, "In the light of the above outline, is it proper to think of the Ayyubid confederation as a specifically “Kurdish” state? On the level of political structure, the governing attitudes of the Ayyubid confederation can certainly be related to the political institutions of their original homeland. On the other hand, these institutions do not differ significantly from the underlying structures of contemporary Turkish states (...)" Saladin was worthy of particular praise as an exceptional figure who had ‘cleansed the holy places of infidelity, who fought the Franks and abolished the trinity of God’. The sultan was described as being of the Turkish dynasty , although his name was given as ‘Salah al-Din al-Kurdi’. “The View from the East: From the Medieval Age to the Late Nineteenth Century.” The Life and Legend of the Sultan Saladin, by JONATHAN PHILLIPS, Yale University Press, NEW HAVEN; LONDON, 2019, pp. 329–344.
    1
  4454. Lol
    1
  4455. Hassan Abdulsalam Tulunids are fully independent but ikshidids are half independent
    1
  4456. he earliest reference to the Mongols classifies them as a Tang dynasty tribe of Shiwei during the eighth century. It was only after the fall of the Liao dynasty in 1125 that they became an important tribe on the Central Asian steppe, but tribal wars weakened their power over the ensuing century. During the thirteenth century, the term Mongol was used to refer to the Mongolic and Turkic tribes who fell under the control of Genghis Khan. The Mongols are primarily a shamanist society; their central deity is the sky god Tenger.
    1
  4457. Khitan is not a Mongolic language.
    1
  4458.  @eugenic12  para-mongolic is differ from mongolic
    1
  4459. Aslanlı 041 Zend lurdu Türk değil
    1
  4460. Enver Hemen hmmmm
    1
  4461. Manzikiert malazgirti kimse anlamaz :p
    1
  4462.  @magyar2896  do some academic research
    1
  4463. Was*
    1
  4464.  @ryanvouche254  Only a few them were looked like that and probably they were slaves of Khazar Turks. Khazars had Asiatic Siberian looking.
    1
  4465.  @ryanvouche254  Yes but originally Siberians/Asiatic
    1
  4466.  @CaptainHarlock-kv4zt  malakkas are worse🤪
    1
  4467. Dario Moreno geldi
    1
  4468. Uçan At gerizekalı var bi tane Selahaddin Türklere(Zengilere)iyi çaktı falan diyor🤣🤣😂😂 hayatımda böyle bi mal görmedim
    1
  4469. Dario Moreno yaşıyon mu ya
    1
  4470.  @starcapture3040  Baibars was Kipchak Turkic and Saladin was probably Kurdish
    1
  4471.  @itzz-monster6272  middle east not anatolia
    1
  4472.  @blockie9706  hahaha🤣 the two never met
    1
  4473.  @blockie9706  The two never faced each other dude :) Your hero hid like a mouse from hole to hole. Winning a war by using guerrilla tactics in your own mountainous region is not a great feat. If he was that brave and won a field battle :)))
    1
  4474. Knk ismini niye bulgarian yaptın
    1
  4475.  @ismailylmaz9042  dkflğfüfüeprmg
    1
  4476.  @k.umquat8604  hangi bölümü okuyorsun edebiyat falan mı
    1
  4477.  @k.umquat8604  İngilizcen iyi bence yurtdışında okumalısın yani kaç kurtar kendini
    1
  4478. Hebele Hübele
    1
  4479. This essay examines Nader Shah Afshar's attempts to legitimize his rule by dint of his Turkic background. Over the course of his rise to power and reign, Nader consistently argued that his Afshar and Turkman affiliations granted him the right to rule over Iranian territory as an equal to his Ottoman, Mughal, and Central Asian contemporaries. Aided by his chief secretary and court historian, Mīrzā Mahdī Astarābādī, Nader's assertions paralleled those found in popular narratives about the history of Oghuz Turks in Islamic lands. This element of Nader's political identity is often overlooked by historians because it did not outlive the brief Afsharid period, but it demonstrates how the Safavid collapse led to the circulation of dynamic new claims to Iranian and Islamic political power. Karamustafa, A. (2022). The Hero of “the Noble Afshar People”: Reconsidering Nader Shah's Claims to Lineage and Legitimacy. Iranian Studies, 1-15 Besides territorial integrity, two alternative concepts of sovereignty to replace the crumbling dynastic ideal can be discerned in Nadir Shah's negotiations with the Ottomans in the 1730s. Nadir proposed equal relations based, first, on Ottoman recognition of the legitimacy of Twelver Shiism as a fifth school of orthodox Islamic law. And second, he proposed something akin to an ethnic or national concept - equal relations based on Nadir Shah's identity as a member of the noble Turkmen family of peoples." Howard, D. (2017). A History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp.192
    1
  4480. Least nationalistic Greek statement
    1
  4481. Hellenic history is very big comedy compare to Turkic Gigachad history
    1
  4482.  @Bayganu  😂😂😂
    1
  4483.  @Bayganu  Tourkia (Greek: Τουρκία) may refer to: • Turkey, a country in southeastern Europe and western Asia o The name of Turkey in modern Greek o The name of the Ottoman Empire in medieval and early modern Greek • Tourkia (Khazaria) ("eastern Tourkia"), designation for the early medieval Khazar state in Byzantine sources • Tourkia (Hungary) ("western Tourkia"), designation for the medieval Hungarian state in Byzantine sources • Peter B. Golden, Nomads and their neighbours in the Russian steppe: Turks, Khazars and Qipchaqs, Ashgate/Variorum, 2003. "Tenth-century Byzantine sources, speaking in cultural more than ethnic terms, acknowledged a wide zone of diffusion by referring to the Khazar lands as 'Eastern Tourkia' and Hungary as 'Western Tourkia.'" Chinese sources[edit] See also: Tiele people § Tiele, and Tujue § Etymology An early form of the same name may be reflected in the form of tie-le (鐵勒) or tu-jue (突厥), a name given by the Chinese to the people living south of the Altai Mountains of Central Asia as early as 177 BC.[14] The Chinese Book of Zhou (7th century) presents an etymology of the name Turk as derived from "helmet", explaining that this name comes from the shape of a mountain where they worked in the Altai Mountains.[15] Greek and Latin sources[edit] Pomponius Mela refers to the "Turcae" in the forests north of the Sea of Azov, and Pliny the Elder lists the "Tyrcae" among the people of the same area.[16] The Greek name, Tourkia (Greek: Τουρκία) was used by the Byzantine emperor and scholar Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus in his book De Administrando Imperio,[17][18] though in his use, "Turks" always referred to Magyars[19] and Hungary was called Tourkia (Land of the Turks). Similarly, the medieval Khazar Khaganate, a Turkic state on the northern shores of the Black and Caspian seas, was also referred to as Tourkia in Byzantine sources.[20] However, the Byzantines later began using this name to define the Seljuk-controlled parts of Anatolia in the centuries that followed the Battle of Manzikert in 1071. The medieval Greek and Latin terms did not designate the same geographic area now known as Turkey. Instead, they were mostly synonymous with Tartary, a term including Khazaria and the other khaganates of the Central Asian steppe, until the appearance of the Seljuks and the rise of the Ottoman Empire in the 14th century, reflecting the progress of the Turkic expansion. However, the term Tartary itself was a misnomer[21] which was constantly used by the Europeans to refer the realms of Turkic peoples and Turkicized Mongols until the mid-19th century. Arabic sources[edit] The Arabic cognate Turkiyya` (Arabic: تركيا) in the form ad-Dawlat at-Turkiyya (Arabic: الدولة التركية "State of the Turks" or "the Turkish State") was historically used as an official name for the medieval Mamluk Sultanate which covered Egypt, Palestine, Syria, Hejaz and Cyrenaica.[22][23][24] The name of Turkey appeared in the Western sources after the crusades.[32] In the 14th-century Arab sources, turkiyya is usually contrasted with turkmaniyya (Turkomania), probably to be understood as Oghuz in a broad sense.[33] Ibn Battuta, in the 1330s introduces the region as barr al-Turkiyya al-ma'ruf bi-bilad al-Rum ("the Turkish land known as the lands of Rum").[34]
    1
  4484.  @Bayganu  Honorable mention: Five hundred years of Ottoman rule (or “the Turkish yoke” as commonly heard in Bulgaria), which ended with the Russian-Ottoman war, have intensely marked the Bulgarian consciousness. Forte, M., n.d. Force multipliers. p.151.
    1
  4485.  @Bayganu  btw can you name a single native Bulgarian dynasty? Dulo and Krum were Turkic Bulgars, Asen, Terter, Shishman were Turkic Cumans, Cometopuli were Armenians, the rest were from German dynasties😂😂😂 Where were Bulgarians in history?
    1
  4486.  @user-jw2hq5yj4d  you are brown elamite
    1
  4487. Lijo Sy Tokhari/Tukhara has nothing to do with Turushka/Turk Just name similarity :)))
    1
  4488. Don’t spread Bulgarian government propaganda there
    1
  4489.  @jonkras2737  mom has nothing to do with origin lol
    1
  4490.  @jonkras2737  Skandarbeg was Serbian🤣🤣🤣
    1
  4491.  @greatbritain8682  Albanians ancient???🤣🤣🤣🤣😹😹😹 nice joke albanians are not even 1500 years old
    1
  4492.  @arda213  helal
    1
  4493.  @jonkras2737  Illyrians were not Albanian and almost all balkan peoples descendant of Thraco-Illyrian-Dacian populations
    1
  4494.  @jonkras2737  We ruled Balkans before Albanians but Albanians didn’t even rule Balkans🤣🤣
    1
  4495.  @jonkras2737  slavic peoples were under the Turk tribes 1300-1500 years🤣🤣 We ruled Slavic peoples long before Ottomans which ruled slavs 550 years😂😂
    1
  4496.  @jonkras2737  ancient slavs🤣🤣404 not found
    1
  4497.  @jonkras2737  Albanians were always under the different peoples in history🤣especially Turks😂😂😂
    1
  4498.  @jonkras2737  Albanian history started with very small vassal state after 12th century😹😹
    1
  4499.  @jonkras2737  Turkic tribes ruled slavic tribes long before Ottomans😂😂 with huge empires
    1
  4500.  @jonkras2737  Albanian Empire in history???🤣🤣 can’t founded
    1
  4501.  @jonkras2737  Albanians found 0 empire in history😆😆
    1
  4502.  @jonkras2737  where were albanians in 800 AD😂😂😂
    1
  4503.  @jonkras2737  Romans never ruled Turks and Turks ended Romans🤣🤣
    1
  4504.  @rschoudhury3131  Turkic peoples influenced Slavic peoples too much. The words Bulgar and Cossack being Turkic proves that.
    1
  4505. 😂
    1
  4506. @Scuba Trooper Ethiopia is Ethiopic
    1
  4507. Cool
    1
  4508.  @cyrusthegreat982  idc if he was from Turkey or not
    1
  4509.  @SpeedDemon_Editzzz  Tamils are Dravidic ethnic group just like Bengalis are Indic ethnic group lol
    1
  4510.  @ererper5434  safevi türks
    1
  4511. The first Cossacks were of Turkic rather than Slavic stock . (Cambridge University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=LFCM2Ai0FBcC&pg=PA31&dq=and+the+first+Cossacks+were+of+Turkic+rather+than&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiI0uOctKnpAhW4wcQBHfbUBE8Q6AEIJTAA#v=onepage&q=Turkic&f=false proper name Cossack , the Turkish tribe https://www.oxfordreference.com/search?q=proper+name+Cossack+%2C+the+Turkish+tribe&searchBtn=Search&isQuickSearch=true According to Adzhi, while the majority of the Turkic peoples of Russia were Kipchaks and Khazars, Turkic Cossacks became the eastern Slavs. According to old Cossacks chronicles they were Turkic(Khazar) origin. Some researchers have unconvincingly contended that many Cossacks have Khazar origins. Thus, Joseph Elias in his Memoirs of a Russian Zionist (Tel Aviv, 1955, Hebrew) tells of meetings with Jewish Cossacks of the Tzarist army who had a tradition of direct Khazar descent. More specific is the record of the Cossack writer D. of genesis for a Cossack-Little Rossian nation that divides it off from the Russians both through Khazar origins and the Cossack element [2] The connection is in part supported by old Cossack ethnonyms such as kazara (Russian: казара), kazarla (Russian: казарла), kozarlyhi(Ukrainian: козарлюги), kazare (Russian: казарре); cf. N. D. Gostev, "About the use of "Kazarа" and other derivative words," Kazarla ethnic magazine, 2010, №1. (link) The name of the Khazars in Old Russian chronicles is kozare (Ukrainian: козаре). although later Cossack sources claimed Khazar origin.[3][4] 3^ "Dogovor i postanovlenie mezhdu Get'manom Orlikom i voiskom Zaporozhskim v 1710", in: Chteniia v Imperatorskom obshchestve istorii i drevnostei rossiiskikh (Moscow 1858) 4^ Ustnoe povestvovanie byvshego zaporozhtsa, zhitelya Yekaterinoslavskoi gubernii i uezda, sela Mikhailovskogo, Nikity Lyeontʹevicha Korzh [Oral Narrative of the Former Zaporozhian Cossack, a Resident of the Mikhailovsky Village in the Province of Yekaterinoslav, Nikita Leontovich Korzh]. Odessa: 1842. According to the tradition of deriving the origin of the state or people from a certain people of antiquity, the Cossack chroniclers of the 18th century advocated the Khazar origin of the Cossacks.[7] 7^Ure, John (1999). The Cossacks. Constable. https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=A2kiAQAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y Yy
    1
  4512.  @weplo1597  from google books bro, via advanced search methods
    1
  4513.  @Soul-co7ki  ok
    1
  4514.  @MB-rb9tk  Both
    1
  4515.  @MB-rb9tk  Mongolic is just linguistic term then not ethnic
    1
  4516.  ABABALIL  Babur regarded himself a Timur-i Turk. https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=VW2HJL689wgC&printsec=frontcover&dq=&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjby6OeyuzqAhVRzqYKHdW8AZ8Q6AEIJzAA#v=snippet&q=Turk&f=false (Baburnama)
    1
  4517.  @irshialpanu9589  hocam senin kanala ne oldu kurtarma yolu var banlandıysan
    1
  4518.  @Горецсгор-в9г  nope
    1
  4519.  @uguryzg Pan-Kord got mad
    1
  4520.  @muhammedalicanturk3097  Türk demek Arap kaynaklarında
    1
  4521. The most important dynasty of Balkans was Dulo though
    1
  4522. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
    1
  4523. Sa
    1
  4524. 😂😂😂
    1
  4525. Hellenic history is weak history ;)
    1
  4526.  @davidstrbac5033  aonyou are supporter of utopia🙂
    1
  4527. @الشيخ الكبير Ottoman vassal khedivate
    1
  4528. Tiny empire
    1
  4529. Saladin is exaggerated hero
    1
  4530. Lil Dave hmmmmm
    1
  4531. Lil Dave bro do a list best 30 dynasties in your armenian history and best 30 rulers this dynasties
    1
  4532.  @xijinpig8982  maybe it's because you counted missing :)
    1
  4533.  @bhaveshkasera2533  99% of them got assimilated
    1
  4534. 델몬트중사 Do you have some sources which prove this theory bro?
    1
  4535.  @Σοβαρευτείτε  🤣🤣🤣
    1
  4536. 🤣🤣😂😂😂😂😂
    1
  4537.  @Mt7hr_1229  Most Ghurid army and half of Samanid army were Turkics not Tujuks
    1
  4538.  @Mt7hr_1229  Shortly after Mahmud came to power in 389/999 Badi' al-Zamān Hamadhani declared, in an Arabic panegyric addressed to him, Is this a Faridun who wears the crown, or the second Alexander? The sun of Mahmud has darkened the stars of the Samanids; The house of Bahram have become slaves of the son of the Khagan. 'Utbi 1869, 1: 384-5] The Ghaznavids' Turkish ethnicity has been seen as one reason for Mah- müd's unenthusiastic reception of Firdawsi's Shāhnāma. (The satire attributed to that poet accuses Mahmud of base origins but makes no mention of his Turkish descent.)
    1
  4539. Many Turkic Empires😍
    1
  4540. Some cardinals are mentioned in the Danube Bulghar List of Princes, i.e. wać 'three, tot 'four, alti 'six', citi seven', wutur 'thirty'. Ordinals are formed by (+(D)m), e.g. wäćim 'third', tot-im 'fourth, alti-m 'sixth', citi-m 'seventh', segt-im 'eighth, wtir-im 'thirtieth'; cf. East Old Turkic (+()ně) in uč-inč, tort-inċ, alti-nč, yeti-nč, and Volga Bulghar väčim 'third', tüwätim 'fourth', altis 'sixth', čiyetis 'seventh'. Johanson, L. and Csató, É.Á. (2022) The Turkic languages. London: Routledge.
    1
  4541. The Turks were considered as the best warriors due to their horsemanship and skill in archery. Kaushik Roy., n.d. Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400-1750: Cavalry, Guns, Government and Ships (Bloomsbury Studies in Military History). p.24. While there is much more than this to the Turks, it is true that Turks rank among history's great empire-builders and rulers. Under the Ottomans they conquered vast territories in the Balkans and the Middle East and ruled for six hundred years. Turkey Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments pp.30
    1
  4542. Nah. Turks were most important people in the Abbasids after Arabs
    1
  4543. Niye?
    1
  4544. Based
    1
  4545. Accelerated Cumans ruled Second Bulgarian Empire
    1
  4546. Accelerated Bulgaric means Oghuric do you know😂😂😂the Tuoba in China spoke Bulgaric language
    1
  4547. Accelerated Both Cumans and Bulgars are great Turk tribes,love both❤️
    1
  4548. They are not Bulgarian by origin ORIGIN w t f are you saying😂😂🤣😀😀 From Oxford Page 552 Cumans They were the founders of three successive Bulgarian dynasties(the Asenids,the Terterids,the Shishmanids) and the Walachian dynasty(the Basarabids). https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=mzwpq6bLHhMC&pg=PA522&dq=asenids+cuman&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj0v4nv7I3oAhUCUBUIHYX4BM4Q6AEIXzAI#v=onepage&q=asenids%20cuman&f=false
    1
  4549.  @musabmammadli1225  Rum=Roman not hellen
    1
  4550.  @musabmammadli1225  rum o bölgenin adı
    1
  4551.  @iTZzEroK  The Khazars were as powerful as the Byzantine Empire, which they befriended in the 10th century and who wanted to use them as allies in the struggle against the equally powerful Arabs of the Muslim Caliphate. Khazaria lasted for about five hundred years. It is believed that without the Khazars, Europe (or at least a sizable part of that continent) would have been completely Islamic. Arthur Koestler says in The Thirteenth Tribe: “As Charles Martel's France saved Gaul and Western Europe, so the Khazars saved the eastern approaches to the Volga, the Danube, and the East Roman Empire Itself.” (P. 30).
    1
  4552.  @michaelcoward1902  😅
    1
  4553.  @skullsforerlikkhansthrone9306  senin dc vae mıydı
    1
  4554. Eğer çekersem o zaman başkaları da yapar aynısını😅
    1
  4555.  @katsu_papi  yeah
    1
  4556. Chanyu is literally Sinitic version of Khagan
    1
  4557. Lol
    1
  4558.  @Taylor-mn9fv  Get Sinicized, Turkified, Persianized and wiped from world history hehe
    1
  4559. Jacob Yonbo 😂😂😂
    1
  4560. Alp Arslan wikipedia has iranian admins
    1
  4561. 😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂
    1
  4562.  @alexhu5491  Real Grik dna is almost non-existent now :)
    1
  4563.  @tunahan8223  adam doğru söylüyor, iki lider de Ümmetçilik safsatasıyla bu iki Türk ülkesini çöküşe sürüklüyor.
    1
  4564.  @hannibal7barca  look at wikipedia battles involving Morocco
    1
  4565.  @sigmaslibrary  sa
    1
  4566.  @mailasun  love Tungusic peoples from Turkic
    1
  4567. Yes
    1
  4568.  @techietips4128 Germanic and Turkic are exact same concepts based on etymology dictionaries and linguistics
    1
  4569. No. They were Ilbari Delhi Mamluks
    1
  4570. yo go Where are you from bro?
    1
  4571. yo go Most of historians saying Ghurids are Turks exept ideological wikipedia :))) The Sāmānids, Ghaznavids, Ghūrids, and Seljuqs were of Oğuz extraction. https://www.britannica.com/art/Central-Asian-arts/Eastern-Turkistan In the 12th century the Ghūrid Turks were driven out of Khorāsān and later out of Ghazna by the Khwārezm-Shah dynasty. https://www.britannica.com/place/India/The-Rajputs#ref485520 The Sultanate period, which lasted from the late twelfth to the early sixteenth centuries, began with the invasion of India by Muiz al-Din Ghori, who was of Turkish origin. Historical writing too was something that the Ghorid Turks introduced to India, starting a tradition that continued through the Mogul historians to the British, French, and South Asian historians of modern times. https://www.encyclopedia.com/philosophy-and-religion/islam/islam/muslim They were followed by the Ghaznavid and Ghorid Turks. https://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/places/asia/pakistan-bangladesh/pakistan/history Persianized Turkic dynasties of the Ghaznavids and Ghurids. https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/id/668aac3a-2798-47ec-8469-474d96298ea5/621501.pdf Ghurids, Delhi's Sultans were Turkic and great patrons of Persianate culture. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:53a48196-ac0e-4510-b74d-794c48e976ed/download_file?file_format=pdf&safe_filename=THESIS01&type_of_work=Thesis Ghaznavid and Ghurid, both of the Turkish dynasties. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/azu_acku_ds_354_6_h3_p65_1989 by the invading Ghūrīd Turks. https://insa.nic.in/writereaddata/UpLoadedFiles/IJHS/Vol48_3_3_RCKapoor.pdf Ghurids ( Turks) http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9781119199601.index/pdf Ghurid Turks entered northern India in 1192, and they, their successors, or former. https://www.slv.vic.gov.au/sites/default/files/La-Trobe-Journal-91-Barbara-Brend.pdf the Ghurid Turks were driven out of Khurasan and later out of Ghazna by the Khwarzim Shahis . http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/55107/6/06_chapter%201.pdf Ghurid Turks defeat the Ghazni Turks in the Punjab. https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/07/ssn.html Toward the end of the twelfth century, however, the Ghaznavids were themselves overrun by another Turkish confederation, the chiefs of Ghur, located in the hills of central Afghanistan. One of the clearest statements of this political vision was given by Fakhr al-Din Razi (d. 1209) of Herat, a celebrated Iranian scholar and jurist who served several Khurasani princes, in particular those of the Ghurid dynasty of Turks. https://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=ft067n99v9&chunk.id=ch02&toc.depth=1&toc.id=ch02&brand=ucpress To the east, Ghurid Turks entered northern India in 1192, and they, their successors, or former vassals ruled for some three centuries in a tract of history that can loosely be called the Sultanate Period https://www.slv.vic.gov.au/sites/default/files/La-Trobe-Journal-91-Barbara-Brend.pdf Samanids, Ghaznavids, Ghorids and Seljukids (Turks who ruled in Persia). http://egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/22078/1/Unit-19.pdf The Rajput rulers of that time did not realize the gravity of the Turkish menace, under the leadership of Ghaznavid Turks or the Ghurid Turks. https://www.pramanaresearch.org/gallery/prj-p527.pdf It would therefore, not have been surprising if Muslim thought in India had been stillborn of such parents. But al though the Ghorid Turks and Afghans themselves were rude and uncouth, they became, nevertheless, the guardians of a proud and rich emigre civilization. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2275&context=honors_theses They were followed by the Ghaznavid and Ghorid Turks. https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/world/countries/pakistan.html Thus the Ghorid conquest of India was really a revolution of Indian city labour led by the. Ghorid Turks. https://rrjournals.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/155-158_RRIJM190407038.pdf Some of the prominent names of Turkish rulers in Hindustan are Mahmud of Ghazni, Muhammad Gori, Kutubuddin Aybak, Iltutmish, Balban, and of course, Khiljis (known as Halach, in Turkish kh becomes h) and Tughlaks. https://www.cs.colostate.edu/~malaiya/turkish.html
    1
  4572. Yore History Ghaznavids and Ghurids pls
    1
  4573. yo go Indian academy saying Ghurids are Turks like Punjabi University,Madras university,Prayogita darpana and other indian historians
    1
  4574. Timur the Lamest Türkiye
    1
  4575. In fact, Turkic-speaking peoples have played a major role in Iranian history, ruling the country from the eleventh century up to the early twentieth. Even today they represent more than a quarter of Iran's population. Foltz, R. (2016) Iran in world history. Oxford etc.: Oxford University Press. p.61
    1
  4576. Offf🤣 Bu çok berbat bir espri
    1
  4577. 😂
    1
  4578. ​ @freespiritedd  what about me🐸
    1
  4579.  @freespiritedd  😋
    1
  4580.  @dammmnnnbrooo  Persians never ruled Iran after Seljuks totally destroyed them. Even Buyids were Daylamites not ethnic Persians
    1
  4581.  @Crxyzen  sa
    1
  4582. 😂😂😂
    1
  4583. Nope
    1
  4584.  @flamurtusha1990  Traditionally scholars have seen the Dacians as ancestors of the mod- ern Rumanians and Vlachs and the Illyrians as the proto-Albanians. Perhaps (keeping in mind the frequent ethnic mixing as well as cultural and linguistic evolution) we should retain this view. However, from time to time these views have been challenged, very frequently for modern nationalistic reasons. For example, if the Illyrians were the ancestors of the Albanians, then the Albanians, as original inhabitants. have some historic right to that region and possibly rights to other regions which had been settled by Illyrians. And their Illyrian ancestry has been very important in Albanian nation-building myths. In the same vein, if the Dacians were proto-Rumanians then they were the original settlers and have historic rights to Rumania, particularly in the mixed region of Transylvania against claims of the late arriving (end of the ninth century) Hungarians. Not surprisingly, Hungarian scholars have been the leading critics of the claim that Dacians are Rumanians and argue that the Vlachs (or Rumanians) arrived in the eleventh and twelfth centuries when Vlachs first appear in the written sources. Recently the Albanian-Illyrian identification has come under more serious challenge from linguists. Before turning to the arguments, it must be pointed out that Dacian, Thracian, and Illyrian are not only dead languages but languages in which no texts have survived. Thus all that is known about these languages comes from personal and place names mentioned in classical texts or surviving place names (top- onyms). V. Georgiev argues that Illyrian place names are found in a far smaller area than I have given above for Illyrian settlement. Sec- ondly, he argues that, though the Albanians now live in what was Illyria, they themselves come from part of Moesia, from the Morava region of eastern Serbia. This was ethnically a Dacian region and thus he argues for a Dacian ancestry for the Albanians. These conclusions, he believes, are shown by the following: (1) Illyrian toponyms from an- tiquity do not follow Albanian phonetic laws. (2) Most ancient Latin loanwords in Albanian have the phonetic form of East Balkan Latin (i.e., proto-Rumanian) and not West Balkan (i.e., Old Dalmatian) Latin, suggesting the Albanians were descended from the Dacians. (3) The marine terminology in Albanian is borrowed from different lan- guages, suggesting that the Albanians were not originally a coastal people. (4) Few ancient Greek loanwords exist in Albanian; if the Albanians had originated in the Albanian-Epirus region there should be more. (5) There is no reference in any source to Albanians in the Albanian region until the ninth century. (6) Roughly one hundred Rumanian words are similar only to Albanian words, and when this fact is combined with the similar treatment of Latin in Albanian and Rumanian, Georgiev concludes that the Albanians came from what is now Rumania (or the region of Yugoslavia close to modern Rumania) and that their language developed during the fourth to sixth centuries when proto-Rumanian was formed. Rumanian he sees as a completely romanized Dacian-Moesian language whereas Albanian is a semiro- manized Dacian-Moesian language. These are serious (nonchauvinistic) arguments and they cannot simply be dismissed. Furthermore, during the fourth to sixth centuries the Rumanian region was heavily affected by large-scale invasions of Goths and Slavs, and the Morava valley (in Serbia) was a main inva- sion route and the site of the earliest known Slavic sites. Thus this would have been a region from which an indigenous population would naturally have fled. However, very little is known about the Dacian and Illyrian lan- guages and that little consists chiefly of certain place names and a few historical personal names. The Albanian language could well pre- serve large numbers of Illyrian features that simply are not known to linguists. The two languages, Dacian and Illyrian, may have been more similar than linguists think. And since the Morava region was near the border between Dacians and Illyrians, through direct contact possibly Illyrian was influenced by the Dacian language. The lack of early references to the Albanians is not significant. The centuries before the ninth are a period of few sources. And, if the Illyrians were proto- Albanians, the argument does not stand because sources mention II- lyrians there earlier. We should also note that Vlachs are not men- tioned anywhere in this period either. But, though they are not conclusive, the arguments for the Dacian origin of the Albanians have strong points and cannot be summarily dismissed. More evidence is needed which, owing to the nature of our sources, may never be obtained; thus the question may well be one of many in early Balkan history which we may never be able to answer. Moreover, the Albanians did not have a single ancestor in one or the other of these pre-Slavic peoples; the present-day Albanians, like all Balkan peoples, are an ethnic mixture and in addition to this main ancestor they contain an admixture of Slavic, Greek, Vlach, and Romano-Italian ancestry. In addition to these three Indo-European peoples, each living in its own zone of the pre-Slavic Balkans, other peoples had impact as well. Large numbers of Celts had passed through earlier, leaving their contribution to the gene pool as well as a wide variety of cultural (particularly artistic) influences. Large numbers of Roman veterans were settled in the Balkans (in particular, in what is now Yugoslavia). Different Germanic peoples (Ostrogoths. Visigoths, and Gepids) raided and settled (both on their own and as Roman federate troops) in the Balkans in large numbers over three centuries (third to sixth). And in the towns were merchants, officials, and soldiers, drawn from the whole empire, which included Italians, Germans, Greeks, Arme- nians, and other eastern peoples from Anatolia, Egypt, and Syria.
    1
  4585.  @yaqubebased1961  Scythian gigachads didn’t exist
    1
  4586.  @yaqubebased1961  ”Fifty thousand Persians in full armour and riding at full gallop could not buckle and route a single Minggan (thousand) of Turks” - Al Maqrizi
    1
  4587.  @yaqubebased1961  In the classical Persian literary tradition – the entire vocabulary of which consists of stock phrases and images - "Turk' and 'Tajik' are stand-in terms for easily recognizable social stereotypes: one simple but violent; the other wily but civilized. Rūmi turns this on its head, however, in the following couplet: Attack upon attack came the darkness of night/Be strong like a Turk, not soft like a Tajik' (Yek hamleh va yek hamleh, āmad shab va tārīkī/chosti kon va "Torki' kon, na narmī va ‘Tājīkī'). Often ‘Turk' was also used to refer to the poet's beautiful young (unattainable) beloved, as in the following lines from Sa'di: 'Maybe they'll tell the King/"Your Turk (i.e., your Beloved) has spilled Tajik blood" (Shayad ke be padshah begüyand/Tork-e tö berikht khūn-e Tājīk), or elsewhere, 'Show your Tajik face, not Abyssinian black/That the Heavens may obliterate the face of the Turks' (Ru-ye Tājīkāna-t benmā, tā dagh-e habash/ Asman chehre-ye Torkān yaghma'i keshad).
    1
  4588.  @yaqubebased1961  Lol
    1
  4589.  @hamzaalmdghri8741  Prof. Dr. Nicola Di Cosmo in: The Turks: Early ages, Part 4. Huns (Xiongnu): The Origin and Rise of the Xiongnu Empire, Y. T., 2002, pp.217-227, University of Michigan, ISBN 9756782552, 9789756782552 "There is not much doubt among historians about the Turkish nature of the Great Hun Empire, which ruled between 318 B.C. and 216 A.D., as well as that of its predecessor proto-Huns, whose presence was confirmed by Chinese sources. The Great Hun Empire, the Western Hun Empire and especially the European Huns were examined comprehensively by Western historians." The remaining Hellenic city-states were conquered by the invading Turkic Huns. http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CI%5CR%5CIronAge.htm It was once thought that Hsiung - nu language and a common nomadic tradition . they were Turks , or at least Turkish speaking. https://books.google.com.tr/books?hl=tr&id=7cQqAAAAMAAJ&dq=BRITANNICA&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Huns (Encyclopedia Britannica) Caucasus as the first Turkic peoples (Avars, Bulgars, Huns, Khazars, Pechenegs) arrived. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Exile The language of the European Huns is sometimes referred to as a Bulghar Turkic variety in general linguistic literature, but caution is needed in establishing its affiliations. The predominant part of the Xiongnu population is likely to have spoken Turkic (Late Proto-Turkic, to be more precise). https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/4CBA0E2CB74C8093EC1CA38C95067D55/S2513843X20000183a_hi.pdf/_div_class__title__Early_nomads_of_the_Eastern_Steppe_and_their_tentative_connections_in_the_West__div_.pdf Even the language spoken by the Huns is in dispute, though most experts believe they were of Turkish speech. https://www.britannica.com/place/the-Steppe/New-barbarian-incursions Azerbaijan open to raids by Turkic nomadic tribes from the north, including Khazars and Huns. https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/commonwealth-independent-states-and-baltic-nations/cis-and-baltic-political-geography-6#HISTORY Shih Le was a Chieh, a Hsiung-nu tribe which seems to have spoken a Turkic language. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/shih-le In 104, 102, and 42 b.c.e. Chinese armies defeated the Turkic nomad Xiongnu alongside captive Roman soldiers in the former Greek kingdom of Sogdiana. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/globalization-asia They are thought to be a Turkic people descended from the Xiongnu tribes, who first appeared as a tribal confederation on the northern frontier of China in the late third century BC. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/hunnic-empire It is most probable that they were of the Turki stock, as were the Huns, their later western representatives. They are the first Turkic people mentioned by the Chinese. https://theodora.com/encyclopedia/h2/hiungnu.html On emploie en général le terme de « ProtoTurcs » pour désigner plusieurs confédérations nomades qui se sont formées en haute Asie (Xiongnu, Tabghatchs ou Tuoba) avant la formation de l'empire des Tujue (vie-viiie s.). https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/divers/Turcs/147681 Et pourtant le nom de certains peuples turcs a été bien connu dès les premiers siècles de l'ère chrétienne, tels les Huns, ou plus tard les Ottomans, https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/turcs/ The oldest historical evidence of a Turkic people is contained in Chinese sources of the 3rd century BC, in which the Huns are mentioned. The original settlement area of the Turkic peoples was in southern Siberia. The Turkic peoples of the Huns, Khazars, Onogurs, Protobulgarians, Volga Bulgarians, Pechenegen and Kumans have assimilated. https://www.igenea.com/en/ancient-tribes/turkic-peoples Whereas the Hunas from about 450 were Turkic in language. https://sai.columbia.edu/files/sai/content/Ahmed%20-%20Trautmann%2C%20Ch.%209%20Turks%20and%20Mughals-1_0.pdf Both the 7th-century Chinese History of the Northern Dynasties[87] and the Book of Zhou,[88] an inscription in the Sogdian language, report the Göktürks to be a subgroup of the Xiongnu.[89][90] only the Turkic Gaoju origin of the Hephthalites should be retained as indicative of their primary ethnicity.[82] Weishu, vol. 103 txt: "高車，[...] 其語略與匈奴同而時有小異，或云其先匈奴之甥也", tr: "The Gaoju, [...] their language and the Xiongnu's are similar though differ a little; or to say it differently, they are the sororal nephews/sons-in-laws of the Xiongnu"
    1
  4590. Krimtok 8 Salonica is Turk origin
    1
  4591. Dario Moreno Sa
    1
  4592. Is it real?
    1
  4593.  @sasukeuchihaa1447  c.um
    1
  4594. Üste çıkmış
    1
  4595.  @Timurid1370  or Punjabi
    1
  4596.  @xijinping937  They originally came from Central Asia
    1
  4597. Among hazara clans
    1
  4598.  @Arsenal1940  Maurya not Chola
    1
  4599. Batu Öztürk Also Eldiguzids
    1
  4600.  @calvinsuu1949  The historical Mongols were a federation of heterogenous groups of different nomad peoples of "Tartar" and also Türkish origin. The word "Mongol" is derived from the name of a tribe called Mongɣol or Manqol. Even if the cultural levels of these ethnic groups were different, they had a common language and a common culture which made their unification under the hand of a strong leader easier. In 1206, Temüjin (1155 or 1167-1227) of the Borjigid line of the Mongɣol adopted the title of Great Khan (qaɣan, in Chinese kèhán! 可汗). He is known as Činggis Qaɣan (Genghis Khan). Under his leadership the Mongols destroyed the Western Xia 西夏 (1038-1227) and Jin 金 (1115-1234) empires and conquered central Asia. The successors of Činggis Qaɣan created the largest empire that ever existed in premodern history. Yet this empire soon disintegrated into several states (ulus), one of which was China, ruled by the Yuan dynasty 元 (1279-1368) that was founded by Qubilai Qaɣan (Emperor Shizu 元世祖, r. 1260-1294), a grandson of Činggis.
    1
  4601.  @calvinsuu1949  The period of Bulghar Turkic influence on Mongolic seems to have lasted until the fourth century, when the Bulghar Turks withdrew to the west. In Southern Siberia, a few cen- turies without Turkic speakers followed, but most of Mongolia was rapidly covered by a population speaking an early form of Common Turkic, the direct ancestor of Old Turkic and all the modern Turkic languages with the exception of Chuvash. Since the Turkic empires of the Türk and Uighur were for most of the time politically superior to the con- temporary linguistic ancestors of the Mongols, Mongolic (Pre-Proto-Mongolic) bor- rowed a layer of Common Turkic elements that can be distinguished by the absence of the specifically Bulgharic features characteristic of the earlier loanwords. The Mongolic Languages Juha Janhunen 2003
    1
  4602.  @calvinsuu1949  Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
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  4603.  @calvinsuu1949  and assimilated many of them like Naimans, Onguds, Keraites, Bayads, Bargas, Merkits, Jalairs, Bayirkus, Bargas etc.
    1
  4604. мужчина советует bro askhenazi jews descended from Khazar Turks
    1
  4605.  @nejdan2k2  cap
    1
  4606. Bro he wasn’t a Persian , the title “Persian Visitor” is competely wrong , he doesn’t know the difference of Iranian and Persian
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  4607. Hellenic states of the Seleucids, Macedonia, Achaean League, Aetolian League, Kingdom of Pergamon, Ptolemaics etc. all got destroyed by Roman Empire which resulted as ending of Hellenistic era and post Roman Greece was basically a playground for Romans, Turks, Slavs, Albanians, Thracians, Illyrians, Armenians, Italians and Germanic peoples as we all know Hellenic rule in Greece broadly ended with the Roman conquest of Greece resulting with a dominant Roman, Turkic, and Germanic rule whereas only 3 short lived Hellenic dynasties, Komnenids, Angelids and Laskarids, managed to rule Grece Foreign rule in Greece; Achaemenid dynasty (Iranic) Nerva–Antonine dynasty (Italic) Severan dynasty (Punic) Gordian dynasty (Celtic) Decian dynasty (Illyrian) Valerian dynasty (Italic) Caran dynasty (Illyrian) Constaninian dynasty (Illyrian) Valentinian dynasty (Illyrian) Theodosian dynasty (Hispanian) Leonid dynasty (Thracian) Justinian dynasty (Illyrian) Heraclian dynasty (Armenian) Isaurian dynasty (Armenian) Nikephorian dynasty (Arabic) Dulo dynasty (Turkic) Krum’s dynasty (Turkic) Amorian dynasty (Jewish) Macedonian dynasty (Armenian) Phokas dynasty (Armenian) Doukid dynasty (most likely Armenian) Diogenes dynasty (most likely Armenian) Principality of Arbanon (Albanian) Principality of Valona (Slavized Turkic) Duchy of the Archipelago (Italian) Kingdom of Cyprus (Germanic) Kingdom of Thessalonica (Germanic) Empire of Thessalonica (most likely Armenian) Latin Empire (Germanic) Asenid dynasty (Slavized Turkic) Duchy of Athens (French) Duchy of Neopatras (Spanish) Marquisate of Bodonitsa (Germanic) Lordship of Argos and Nauplia (Germanic) Lordship of Salona (Germanic) Lordship of Chios (Italian) Knights Hospitaller of Rhodes (Germanic) Principality of Achaea (French) Palaiologos dynasty (most likely Italic) Nemanjic dynasty (Slavic) Despotate of Arta (Albanian) Despotate of Ioannia (Albanian) League of Lezhe (Albanian) Vojivonic dynasty (Slavic) Venetian dominions in Greece (Italian) Principality of Lesbos (Italian) Kingdom of Candia (Italian) Kingdom of Ioanian Islands (Italian) Kingdom of the Morea (Italian) Triarchy of Negroponte (French) Ottoman dynasty (Turkic) Pashalik of Berat (Albanian) Pashalik of Yanina (Albanian) Pashalik of Scutari (Albanian) Septinsular Republic (Italian) House of Wittelsbach (Germanic) United States of the Ionian Islands (Germanic) Principality of Samos (Slavic)
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  4608. The Turks have constantly been an imperial people. They have made a habit of empire building, and although none of their structures have attained the imposing dimensions of the Mongol achievement, many of them have been far more lasting. The maps show at least a dozen states of the first rank which have been constructed by Turkish peoples, and another dozen built by Turkish leaders, sometimes by themselves, sometimes with the assistance of a military aristocracy of their own race.
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  4609. Later in the Middle Ages the Turks arrived , those great warriors and conquerors . The Byzantines lost Asia Minor to them and were unable to prevent them from crossing to Europe . The Ottoman Turks conquered the entire Balkan region to the Danube and even beyond , crowning their successes with the capture of Constantinople in 1453 , an event that stunned the western world . They occupied most of Hungary ; Vienna was under threat . Where would they stop ? The Christian world , both western and Byzantine , had certainly every reason to fear Islam .
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  4610.  @aztaline5593  Roman Empire ruled Turks for 0 year🤣 do some academic research before open your mouth kid
    1
  4611.  @aztaline5593  Mongolic people in the Shiwei confederation were under the Turkic empires before Genghis Khan Turkic Khaganate, Eastern Turkic Khaganate, Second Turkic Khaganate, Uyghur Khaganate, Yenisei Kyrgyz Khaganate etc. also Tungusic Qing Empire conquered them then China… They are still slaves of China
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  4612.  @aztaline5593  they ruled like 0.000001% of Turkics🤣
    1
  4613.  @aztaline5593  what’s your ethnicity?
    1
  4614.  @aztaline5593  Turkic-Roman Wars = 80% Turkic victory plus we completely wiped them🤣
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  4615.  @theentertainmentnation4694  nice joke
    1
  4616.  @sepep6288  Slavic army in Africa ???
    1
  4617.  @sepep6288  which slavs
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  4618.  @sepep6288  which slavic tribes they originated from
    1
  4619.  @sepep6288  I was surprised because the word saqalli also has a Turkish meaning, bearded.
    1
  4620. 😂
    1
  4621. 🫠
    1
  4622. A letter from Nädir to the Ottoman 1129 Sultan Mahmud I addressed Mahmüd as "the world-illuminating light of the Turkmän royal house.30 Avoiding any specific definitions of these ancestral Turkic ties, Nadir appealed to them as a way to reconnect disparate Muslim realms. In its audacity, Nadir's vision resembled Timür's grandiose plans. Both tried to invent the tradition of an imagined unity that had never actually existed, and could, in any case, only be implemented anyway by glossing over irreconcilable differences. Pfeiffer, J. and Woods, J., n.d. History and historiography of post Mongol Central Asia and the Middle East. pp.338, 339. Besides territorial integrity, two alternative concepts of sovereignty to replace the crumbling dynastic ideal can be discerned in Nadir Shah's negotiations with the Ottomans in the 1730s. Nadir proposed equal relations based, first, on Ottoman recognition of the legitimacy of Twelver Shiism as a fifth school of orthodox Islamic law. And second, he proposed something akin to an ethnic or national concept - equal relations based on Nadir Shah's identity as a member of the noble Turkmen family of peoples." Howard, D. (2017). A History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp.192
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  4623. King Levon VI Lusignan Dynasties of iran but Turkic origin
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  4624. King Levon VI Lusignan Ottoman Empire
    1
  4625. King Levon VI Lusignan Shah Armen
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  4626.  @Ashina12345  Most Hazaras like Turkmanis have Turkic origin not Mongolic
    1
  4627.  @Ashina12345  Many of so call Mingolian tribes were originally Turkic too
    1
  4628. Kyrgyzstan 😻
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  4629. Albanian? Did he even know this😂
    1
  4630. The Iranians were really lucky. Had Julius Caesar lived a little longer, he would have conquered Persia again and would have been known as Alexander II :-)
    1
  4631.  @CheLanguages  i meant Orkhon aka Old Turkic
    1
  4632.  @mkg6459  Dawlati Kizilbash too
    1
  4633.  @wankawanka3053  i’m from Ankara baby👶🏻
    1
  4634. Greece has no history lol you were under the Turks,Romans😂😂
    1
  4635. Ya sokcam artık ha y dna sı E çıksa ne değişecek😂 Herhalde utanacaksın o zaman Osmanlılardan
    1
  4636. Ben bastım =P
    1
  4637. Altaic peoples didn’t existed
    1
  4638. 🤣🤣🤣🤣
    1
  4639. Cossacks are Slavized Turks
    1
  4640. mehrdad 576 Hello indoarabic bro
    1
  4641. Bulgarians*
    1
  4642. Maybe
    1
  4643. Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
    1
  4644. mehrdad 576 You are half Turk
    1
  4645. mehrdad 576 Ali Hamaney is your father
    1
  4646. Hassan A Kid
    1
  4647. Ulu Gaga No,he was Uyghur beylik not mongol
    1
  4648.  Shaurya Joshi  yep
    1
  4649. 55exper thracian
    1
  4650. Alex Plays m Roblox Lazs are not georgian Lazs are older than georgian They found Colhis and Lazica empires
    1
  4651. qwertyuıopğüasdfghjklşizxcvbnmöç Greeks stolen Macedonian empire too bro
    1
  4652.  @sibelshinaishin5170  Hellenic peoples were always under the rule of foreign peoples😹😹😹
    1
  4653.  @zanews23  ;)
    1
  4654.  @theegyptianpharaonicking3849  he spoke turkish,arabic,aramaic etc.
    1
  4655.  @Emir_969  Bhutan is Tibetic
    1
  4656.  @mrj428  Tiele and Xiongnu were actually same peoples with same language and customs
    1
  4657.  @mrj428  he history of the Gaoju is given in the respective entry in WS 103 + (pp. 2505-2508); until the beginning of Text 1.056/B it is extracted as follows. 高車,蓋古赤狄之餘種也初號為狄歷,北方以為敕勒,諸夏以為高車、丁零。 其語略與匈奴同而時有小異,或云其先匈奴之也。 The Gaoju are probably the remaining tribes of the ancient Chidi [lit. 'the red Di']. Initially they were called Dili. People in the north called them Chile, whereas people in China proper called them Gaoju or Dingling. Their language is roughly the same as that of the Xiongnu but at times has minor differences from that. Some say that their ancestors were the nephew of [i.e. indirectly related to] the Xiongnu.
    1
  4658. Turkic origin
    1
  4659.  Zeynep Ezgi Su Simsar  😹
    1
  4660.  KaZee123  THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot."
    1
  4661.  @balkanmapping1  ok but they were under the Ottoman Empire. Vassal = Puppet states
    1
  4662.  @mouhamedaminelaksiri7318  source trustmebro😅😹
    1
  4663.  @Bayganu  your source doesn’t even exist
    1
  4664. :)
    1
  4665. 😂😂😂
    1
  4666.  @cruelty5780  Ottoman Empire ruled both Arabs,Greeks and Bulgarians combine more than 500 years kid😂😂😂🤣🤣
    1
  4667.  @turkishmapper07  ikimiz aynı anda nasıl en iyi yorum yapan oluyoruz ben tek kişi olabiliyor sanıyordum
    1
  4668.  @brightburnedits4278  In the following centuries, a compilation of estimates indicates that Crimean Tatars seized about 1,750,000 Ukrainians, Poles and Russians from 1468 to 1695.137 Crimean export statistics indicate that around 10,000 slaves a year, Indian slaves were also sold in Bukhara and Astrakhan. At the same time, the Safavid Iranians were also sold as slaves, in particular after wars between the Uzbeks and Safavids. Enslavement of Iranians lasted until the mid-nineteenth century, when Russian and British sources spoke of some 10,000 Iranian slaves in Khiva and over 100,000 slaves in the Khivan, Bukharan and Turkmen territories.82 In the eighteenth century, at the markets of Bukhara, Khiva and After Oriental Despotism: Eurasian Growth in a Global Perspective pp.77 As a whole, we can estimate that there were about 200,000 Indian slaves in Bukhara, to which we may add other 200,000 Iranian slaves. After Oriental Despotism: Eurasian Growth in a Global Perspective pp.90
    1
  4669.  @brightburnedits4278  In the classical Persian literary tradition – the entire vocabulary of which consists of stock phrases and images - "Turk' and 'Tajik' are stand-in terms for easily recognizable social stereotypes: one simple but violent; the other wily but civilized. Rūmi turns this on its head, however, in the following couplet: Attack upon attack came the darkness of night/Be strong like a Turk, not soft like a Tajik' (Yek hamleh va yek hamleh, āmad shab va tārīkī/chosti kon va "Torki' kon, na narmī va ‘Tājīkī'). Often ‘Turk' was also used to refer to the poet's beautiful young (unattainable) beloved, as in the following lines from Sa'di: 'Maybe they'll tell the King/"Your Turk (i.e., your Beloved) has spilled Tajik blood" (Shayad ke be padshah begüyand/Tork-e tö berikht khūn-e Tājīk), or elsewhere, 'Show your Tajik face, not Abyssinian black/That the Heavens may obliterate the face of the Turks' (Ru-ye Tājīkāna-t benmā, tā dagh-e habash/ Asman chehre-ye Torkān yaghma'i keshad). Since Turkic men often ‘married up’ and started families with Tajik women, the bloodlines tended to become increasingly mixed over the generations. (Recent DNA studies in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan have shown no notable genetic difference between modern Uzbeks and Tajiks.) And since children typically spent their first years within the harem, the influence of Tajik mothers in constructing the identity of their mixed-race children was surely much greater than is admitted in the patriarchal written sources of the time. Military figures in particular often made much of their tough Turkic heritage, even as they sought to demonstrate their own cultivation by speaking Persian and patronizing Persian courtly culture. The Tajik scribes, for their part, were naturally required to flatter their patrons, but they flattered themselves as well in whatever subtle ways they could. — Richard Foltz, Chapter 4, Tajiks and Turks, The Turk–Tajik symbiosis
    1
  4670. Kürtlerin sizden önce vardık yalanı da böylelikle çürümüş oldu :)))))
    1
  4671. Gökhan Çiçek Tarihe bakarsan kürtleşmiş ermeni görürsün Osmanlı baskısı yüzünden ama 100yıldan daha geriye giderden göremezsin
    1
  4672. Gökhan Çiçek kürtler dil olarak Fars,kültür ve gelenek olarak Hintlidir kürtlerin Hindistandan geldikleri Dna testlerince kanıtlanmıştır her kürtte bir miktar güney asya dna sı çıkar
    1
  4673. Gökhan Çiçek ermeniler irani değil ama iranlı ermeniler de var
    1
  4674. dead note soykırım oldu ama Türklere oldu Vanın merkezin bile yarısı Azeriyken soykırım yüzünden ancak onda biri düşürüldü nüfusların ermenileri öldürecek tek Türk bırakmadılar yani
    1
  4675. dead note türk ve kürt eşkiyalar değil kürt eşkiyalar
    1
  4676. ÖLÜMLÜHAYATBUGÜNVARSINYARINYOKSUN mrb
    1
  4677. Türkçe ve Farsça resmi diller
    1
  4678. Only a few Turks became Muslim by Samanids, not majority of them
    1
  4679. Albanians are not Illyrians but both are Thraco-Illyrians.
    1
  4680. Imperium Romanum
    1
  4681.  @gelisgeo1309  Greeks were not even ruling class of Roman Empire
    1
  4682.  @gelisgeo1309  🤣 Lol all Islamic sources called them as Rum(Roman) and they din’t give any shît about greeks
    1
  4683.  aydin irani  according to who ıdiot🤣🤣🤣
    1
  4684.  @zaraustravaejah8488  source???🤣🤣🤣
    1
  4685.  @IonPumpkin2002  ?
    1
  4686.  @IonPumpkin2002  Which history
    1
  4687.  @IonPumpkin2002  which history?
    1
  4688.  @IonPumpkin2002  but Pontic and Cappadocian Rums are Hellenized peoples
    1
  4689.  @IonPumpkin2002  they are only 1% Hellenic by blood :)
    1
  4690.  @IonPumpkin2002  Pontic Rums
    1
  4691.  @IonPumpkin2002  Pontic Greeks= Fake Greeks not Greek peoples by origin
    1
  4692. The Turks were considered as the best warriors due to their horsemanship and skill in archery. Kaushik Roy., n.d. Military Transition in Early Modern Asia, 1400-1750: Cavalry, Guns, Government and Ships (Bloomsbury Studies in Military History). p.24. While there is much more than this to the Turks, it is true that Turks rank among history's great empire-builders and rulers. Under the Ottomans they conquered vast territories in the Balkans and the Middle East and ruled for six hundred years. Turkey Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments pp.30
    1
  4693.  @FarsightAE  Roman Empire got ruled by more than 20 dynasties and ethnicities unlike Ottomans
    1
  4694.  @FarsightAE  Ottoman dynasty > any Roman dynasty
    1
  4695.  @FarsightAE  yeah
    1
  4696.  @FarsightAE  cap
    1
  4697. How about TURKS😂
    1
  4698.  @ahmadfathy8964  Egyptians never ruled Turks not even 1 year
    1
  4699.  @ahmadfathy8964  khedivate was Ottoman vassal
    1
  4700.  @scourgeofgodattila3827  🤣🤣🤣😹😹😹😹
    1
  4701.  @scourgeofgodattila3827  kfkdldşsidşflkfşf
    1
  4702. Cringe tbh
    1
  4703. Ibn Battuta claimed to have met Orhan, “the greatest of the kings of the Turkmens and the richest in wealth, lands and military forces.” Orhan “fought with the infidels continually,” and moved regularly between his more than one hundred castles, checking that they were in good repair, never staying more than a month in any one place.12 Ibn Battuta’s impression of Orhan as engaged in incessant combat is emphatically supported by Greek writers who left accounts. Howard, D. (2017). A History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press., pp 11
    1
  4704. The area to the right of the Durub, between them and the Mediterranean, comprises the Byzantine territory (Anatolia). At this time, it belongs to the Turkomans and is ruled by Ibn Uthman (the Ottomans).155 On the shore of the Mediterranean there, are Antalya and al--'Alaya. The whole eighth section of the fifth zone contains desert plains where the Ghuzz, a Turkish nation, roam. In the southwest is Lake Aral, into which the Oxus flows. Its circumference is three hundred miles. Many rivers flow into it from these desert plains. In the northeast is the Lake of Ghurghun,186 a fresh-water lake. THE MUQADDIMAH Abd Ar Rahman bin Muhammed ibn Khaldun Translated by Franz Rosenthal
    1
  4705.  @Anarshyyyy  👁️👄👁️
    1
  4706.  @Anarshyyyy  👁️🫦👁️
    1
  4707. @Argenta ofc
    1
  4708. Vincent Muhammad Ali Pasha is Albanized Turkish
    1
  4709. Elif Nur Sahin Helal
    1
  4710.  @rameof5003  they are like Russians and Ukrainians
    1
  4711.  @nejdan2k2  🤓
    1
  4712.  @queingofmusic330  🫣
    1
  4713. Peter Todorov Bulgarians are not Bulgar Turks ;)
    1
  4714. Peter Todorov Bulgarian imperial monarchs are Turks by origin😂😂😂
    1
  4715. Bastaam 22 ?????
    1
  4716.  @outlawfly664  Qizilbash Gigachads ;)
    1
  4717.  @xanshen9011  Para-Mongolic just like Khitans. Mongolic peoples didn’t even exist at that time.
    1
  4718.  @KhansDen  Donghus, Rourans and Xianbei were not Mongolic but Para-Mongolic speaking peoples as scholars say
    1
  4719. The main reason of Mongol Invasions :-)
    1
  4720.  @BoqPrecision  do you have academic sources about Amazigh origin of Fatimids?
    1
  4721.  @sinaaafshar4154  what’s your ethnicity?
    1
  4722.  @CenabNagiyev  yarrraaaaa
    1
  4723.  @sakyd  🤣🤣🤣
    1
  4724.  @uguryzg  “The identification of Kurds with Aryans and/or Medes must, admittedly, be viewed in the context of the process of nation-building, being mainly a reaction against Turkish nationalism’s denial of Kurds’ distinct nationhood. The linkage with the Medes is used to engage the official claim that Kurds are of Turkish origin. The myth of the Medes is mainly used as a tool to politically mobilize Kurds by the PKK.” Hennerbichler, Ferdinand. (2012). The Origin of Kurds. Advances in Anthropology.
    1
  4725.  @uguryzg  Hennerbichler, Ferdinand. (2012). The Origin of Kurds. Advances in Anthropology. 02. 10.4236/aa.2012.22008. Kurds are traditionally regarded as Iranians and of Iranian origin, and therefore as Indo-Europeans, mainly, because they speak Iranian. This hypothesis is largely based on linguistic considerations and was predominantly developed by linguists. In contrast to such believes, newest DNA-research of advanced Human Anthropology indicates, that in earliest traceable origins, forefathers of Kurds were obviously de-scendants of indigenous (first) Neolithic Northern Fertile Crescent aborigines, geographically mainly from outside and northwest of what is Iran of today in Near East and Eurasia. Oldest ancestral forefathers of Kurds were millennia later linguistically Iranianized in several waves by militarily organized elites of (R1a1) immigrants from Central Asia. These new findings lead to the understanding, that neither were aborigine Northern Fertile Crescent Eurasian Kurds and ancient Old-Iranian speaker (R1a1) immigrants from Asia one and the same people, nor represent the later, R1a1 dominated migrating early Old-Iranian-speaker elites from Asia, oldest traceable ancestors of Kurds. Rather, constitute both historically com-pletely different populations and layers of Kurdish forefathers, each with own distinct genetic, ethnical, linguistic and cultural backgrounds. These new insights indicate first inter-disciplinary findings in co-op-eration with two international leading experts in their disciplines, Iranologist Gernot L. Windfuhr, Ann Arbor, and DNA Genealogist Anatole A. Klyosov, Boston, USA.
    1
  4726.  @uguryzg  The PKK’s first program, issued in 1978, states, “Our people first attempted to reside on our land in the first millennium bce, when the Medes, progenitors of our nation, stepped onto the stage of history.” When Kurds try to legitimize their rights as a nation to live in Kurdistan, their arguments tend to rest on territorial settlement rather than consanguineous ancestry. But assumptions about continuous Kurdish settlement and descent from the Medes entered the collective understanding long ago.” p. 2 Van Bruinessen, Martin. Kurdish notables and the Ottoman state: Evolving Identities, Competing Loyalties, and Shifting Boundaries, p 25
    1
  4727. First
    1
  4728. @Empeir osol Rurik
    1
  4729.  @tack9571  Then Finnish are Nordic/Baltic not Finnic😹😹😹
    1
  4730.  @giorgijioshvili9713 ye
    1
  4731. 😂😂😂😅😅😅 the entire world is hellenic according to greeks
    1
  4732.  @goshu7009 75 31 years of what😅
    1
  4733. Based
    1
  4734.  @wankawanka3053  👁️👅👁️
    1
  4735. LastGenius UA Cossacks are Khazar Turks
    1
  4736. Foxx The first Cossacks were of Turkic rather than Slavic stock . (Cambridge University Press) https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=LFCM2Ai0FBcC&pg=PA31&dq=and+the+first+Cossacks+were+of+Turkic+rather+than&hl=tr&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiI0uOctKnpAhW4wcQBHfbUBE8Q6AEIJTAA#v=onepage&q=Turkic&f=false proper name Cossack , the Turkish tribe https://www.oxfordreference.com/search?q=proper+name+Cossack+%2C+the+Turkish+tribe&searchBtn=Search&isQuickSearch=true According to Adzhi, while the majority of the Turkic peoples of Russia were Kipchaks and Khazars, Turkic Cossacks became the eastern Slavs. According to old Cossacks chronicles they were Turkic(Khazar) origin. Some researchers have unconvincingly contended that many Cossacks have Khazar origins. Thus, Joseph Elias in his Memoirs of a Russian Zionist (Tel Aviv, 1955, Hebrew) tells of meetings with Jewish Cossacks of the Tzarist army who had a tradition of direct Khazar descent. More specific is the record of the Cossack writer D. of genesis for a Cossack-Little Rossian nation that divides it off from the Russians both through Khazar origins and the Cossack element [2] The connection is in part supported by old Cossack ethnonyms such as kazara (Russian: казара), kazarla (Russian: казарла), kozarlyhi(Ukrainian: козарлюги), kazare (Russian: казарре); cf. N. D. Gostev, "About the use of "Kazarа" and other derivative words," Kazarla ethnic magazine, 2010, №1. (link) The name of the Khazars in Old Russian chronicles is kozare (Ukrainian: козаре). although later Cossack sources claimed Khazar origin.[3][4] 3^ "Dogovor i postanovlenie mezhdu Get'manom Orlikom i voiskom Zaporozhskim v 1710", in: Chteniia v Imperatorskom obshchestve istorii i drevnostei rossiiskikh (Moscow 1858) 4^ Ustnoe povestvovanie byvshego zaporozhtsa, zhitelya Yekaterinoslavskoi gubernii i uezda, sela Mikhailovskogo, Nikity Lyeontʹevicha Korzh [Oral Narrative of the Former Zaporozhian Cossack, a Resident of the Mikhailovsky Village in the Province of Yekaterinoslav, Nikita Leontovich Korzh]. Odessa: 1842. According to the tradition of deriving the origin of the state or people from a certain people of antiquity, the Cossack chroniclers of the 18th century advocated the Khazar origin of the Cossacks.[7] 7^Ure, John (1999). The Cossacks. Constable. https://books.google.com.tr/books?id=A2kiAQAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y Rrr
    1
  4737. 🙃🐸👶🏻😭
    1
  4738.  @justsefa1843  Poorsians were nobodies of history after Islamic rule hence why they need to steal history from others
    1
  4739.  @justsefa1843  Ibn Hassül (d. 1058) served, as a secretary of the early Saljüq dynasty. A polymath, as attested by his contemporary the anthologist al-Tha alibi (961-1038), he composed his Superiority of the Turks (kitāb tafdil al-atrāk alá sa ir al-ajnad) over Other Regiments for Tughril (Toghril) Beg as an attack on the Büyids and as a tool to legitimise his lord . They even wrote books on Turkic supremacy on effeminate Persians😹
    1
  4740. Royal Salahov Long live Turk countries
    1
  4741. Sarı ve Mavi Seleucids is greek
    1
  4742. 😅😅😅
    1
  4743. Star Star He was not turk but some crusade chronicles called saladin as the turk
    1
  4744. Ali Kurdish Wolff Crusader called Saladin the Turk in all chronicles
    1
  4745. abc abc https://twitter.com/DokuzTugluKagan/status/1158821207569027073
    1
  4746.  @skullsforerlikkhansthrone9306  dostum dc n var demi
    1
  4747.  @skullsforerlikkhansthrone9306  discord
    1
  4748. Finally Ibn al-Nadim wrote about the scripts of the Turks: "The Turks, the Bulgar, the Blagha' /sic. Bulghar ZI.J, the Burghaz, the Khazar, the Llän, and the types with small eyes and extreme blondness have no script, except that the Bulgarians and the Tibetans write with Chinese and Manichean, whereas the Khazar write Hebrew" (Dodge 1970, 36-37; Flügel 1871, 20).
    1
  4749. Muhhh we wuz Aryanz
    1
  4750.  @trinalane6576  maybe 80-90% not 100% though
    1
  4751. In the classical Persian literary tradition – the entire vocabulary of which consists of stock phrases and images - "Turk' and 'Tajik' are stand-in terms for easily recognizable social stereotypes: one simple but violent; the other wily but civilized. Rūmi turns this on its head, however, in the following couplet: Attack upon attack came the darkness of night/Be strong like a Turk, not soft like a Tajik' (Yek hamleh va yek hamleh, āmad shab va tārīkī/chosti kon va "Torki' kon, na narmī va ‘Tājīkī'). Often ‘Turk' was also used to refer to the poet's beautiful young (unattainable) beloved, as in the following lines from Sa'di: 'Maybe they'll tell the King/"Your Turk (i.e., your Beloved) has spilled Tajik blood" (Shayad ke be padshah begüyand/Tork-e tö berikht khūn-e Tājīk), or elsewhere, 'Show your Tajik face, not Abyssinian black/That the Heavens may obliterate the face of the Turks' (Ru-ye Tājīkāna-t benmā, tā dagh-e habash/ Asman chehre-ye Torkān yaghma'i keshad). Since Turkic men often ‘married up’ and started families with Tajik women, the bloodlines tended to become increasingly mixed over the generations. (Recent DNA studies in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan have shown no notable genetic difference between modern Uzbeks and Tajiks.) And since children typically spent their first years within the harem, the influence of Tajik mothers in constructing the identity of their mixed-race children was surely much greater than is admitted in the patriarchal written sources of the time. Military figures in particular often made much of their tough Turkic heritage, even as they sought to demonstrate their own cultivation by speaking Persian and patronizing Persian courtly culture. The Tajik scribes, for their part, were naturally required to flatter their patrons, but they flattered themselves as well in whatever subtle ways they could. — Richard Foltz, Chapter 4, Tajiks and Turks, The Turk–Tajik symbiosis
    1
  4752. In the following centuries, a compilation of estimates indicates that Crimean Tatars seized about 1,750,000 Ukrainians, Poles and Russians from 1468 to 1695.137 Crimean export statistics indicate that around 10,000 slaves a year, Indian slaves were also sold in Bukhara and Astrakhan. At the same time, the Safavid Iranians were also sold as slaves, in particular after wars between the Uzbeks and Safavids. Enslavement of Iranians lasted until the mid-nineteenth century, when Russian and British sources spoke of some 10,000 Iranian slaves in Khiva and over 100,000 slaves in the Khivan, Bukharan and Turkmen territories.82 In the eighteenth century, at the markets of Bukhara, Khiva and After Oriental Despotism: Eurasian Growth in a Global Perspective pp.77 As a whole, we can estimate that there were about 200,000 Indian slaves in Bukhara, to which we may add other 200,000 Iranian slaves. After Oriental Despotism: Eurasian Growth in a Global Perspective pp.90
    1
  4753. A letter from Nädir to the Ottoman 1129 Sultan Mahmud I addressed Mahmüd as "the world-illuminating light of the Turkmän royal house.30 Avoiding any specific definitions of these ancestral Turkic ties, Nadir appealed to them as a way to reconnect disparate Muslim realms. In its audacity, Nadir's vision resembled Timür's grandiose plans. Both tried to invent the tradition of an imagined unity that had never actually existed, and could, in any case, only be implemented anyway by glossing over irreconcilable differences. Pfeiffer, J. and Woods, J., n.d. History and historiography of post Mongol Central Asia and the Middle East. pp.338, 339. Besides territorial integrity, two alternative concepts of sovereignty to replace the crumbling dynastic ideal can be discerned in Nadir Shah's negotiations with the Ottomans in the 1730s. Nadir proposed equal relations based, first, on Ottoman recognition of the legitimacy of Twelver Shiism as a fifth school of orthodox Islamic law. And second, he proposed something akin to an ethnic or national concept - equal relations based on Nadir Shah's identity as a member of the noble Turkmen family of peoples." Howard, D. (2017). A History of the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp.192
    1
  4754. Huns were not Mongolic Prof. Dr. Nicola Di Cosmo in: The Turks: Early ages, Part 4. Huns (Xiongnu): The Origin and Rise of the Xiongnu Empire, Y. T., 2002, pp.217-227, University of Michigan, ISBN 9756782552, 9789756782552 "There is not much doubt among historians about the Turkish nature of the Great Hun Empire, which ruled between 318 B.C. and 216 A.D., as well as that of its predecessor proto-Huns, whose presence was confirmed by Chinese sources. The Great Hun Empire, the Western Hun Empire and especially the European Huns were examined comprehensively by Western historians." The remaining Hellenic city-states were conquered by the invading Turkic Huns. http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CI%5CR%5CIronAge.htm It was once thought that Hsiung - nu language and a common nomadic tradition . they were Turks , or at least Turkish speaking. https://books.google.com.tr/books?hl=tr&id=7cQqAAAAMAAJ&dq=BRITANNICA&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=Huns (Encyclopedia Britannica) Caucasus as the first Turkic peoples (Avars, Bulgars, Huns, Khazars, Pechenegs) arrived. https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Exile The language of the European Huns is sometimes referred to as a Bulghar Turkic variety in general linguistic literature, but caution is needed in establishing its affiliations. The predominant part of the Xiongnu population is likely to have spoken Turkic (Late Proto-Turkic, to be more precise). https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/4CBA0E2CB74C8093EC1CA38C95067D55/S2513843X20000183a_hi.pdf/_div_class__title__Early_nomads_of_the_Eastern_Steppe_and_their_tentative_connections_in_the_West__div_.pdf Even the language spoken by the Huns is in dispute, though most experts believe they were of Turkish speech. https://www.britannica.com/place/the-Steppe/New-barbarian-incursions Azerbaijan open to raids by Turkic nomadic tribes from the north, including Khazars and Huns. https://www.encyclopedia.com/places/commonwealth-independent-states-and-baltic-nations/cis-and-baltic-political-geography-6#HISTORY Shih Le was a Chieh, a Hsiung-nu tribe which seems to have spoken a Turkic language. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/shih-le In 104, 102, and 42 b.c.e. Chinese armies defeated the Turkic nomad Xiongnu alongside captive Roman soldiers in the former Greek kingdom of Sogdiana. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/globalization-asia They are thought to be a Turkic people descended from the Xiongnu tribes, who first appeared as a tribal confederation on the northern frontier of China in the late third century BC. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/hunnic-empire It is most probable that they were of the Turki stock, as were the Huns, their later western representatives. They are the first Turkic people mentioned by the Chinese. https://theodora.com/encyclopedia/h2/hiungnu.html On emploie en général le terme de « ProtoTurcs » pour désigner plusieurs confédérations nomades qui se sont formées en haute Asie (Xiongnu, Tabghatchs ou Tuoba) avant la formation de l'empire des Tujue (vie-viiie s.). https://www.larousse.fr/encyclopedie/divers/Turcs/147681 Et pourtant le nom de certains peuples turcs a été bien connu dès les premiers siècles de l'ère chrétienne, tels les Huns, ou plus tard les Ottomans, https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/turcs/ The oldest historical evidence of a Turkic people is contained in Chinese sources of the 3rd century BC, in which the Huns are mentioned. The original settlement area of the Turkic peoples was in southern Siberia. The Turkic peoples of the Huns, Khazars, Onogurs, Protobulgarians, Volga Bulgarians, Pechenegen and Kumans have assimilated. https://www.igenea.com/en/ancient-tribes/turkic-peoples Whereas the Hunas from about 450 were Turkic in language. https://sai.columbia.edu/files/sai/content/Ahmed%20-%20Trautmann%2C%20Ch.%209%20Turks%20and%20Mughals-1_0.pdf Both the 7th-century Chinese History of the Northern Dynasties[87] and the Book of Zhou,[88] an inscription in the Sogdian language, report the Göktürks to be a subgroup of the Xiongnu.[89][90] only the Turkic Gaoju origin of the Hephthalites should be retained as indicative of their primary ethnicity.[82] Weishu, vol. 103 txt: "高車，[...] 其語略與匈奴同而時有小異，或云其先匈奴之甥也", tr: "The Gaoju, [...] their language and the Xiongnu's are similar though differ a little; or to say it differently, they are the sororal nephews/sons-in-laws of the Xiongnu"
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  4755. Khedivate was literally Second Ottoman Empire it was not an Albanian state of course
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  4756. Cringe
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  4757. Which Persians? Persians were subject of Qizilbash Turks at that time.
    1
  4758. Bulgarian is Turkic word Proto-Altaic: *bŭ́li Nostratic: Nostratic Meaning: to stir, shake, smear Russian meaning: трясти, помешивать, мазать Turkic: *bulga- (Turkish bula) Mongolian: *büli- Tungus-Manchu: *bul- Japanese: *púr-
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  4759. Homa Katouzian, "Iranian history and politics", Published by Routledge, 2003. p. 128: "Indeed, since the formation of the Ghaznavids state in the tenth century until the fall of Qajars at the beginning of the twentieth century, most parts of the Iranian cultural regions were ruled by Turkic-speaking dynasties most of the time.
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  4760. The Azerbaijanis derive in part from a heritage of Turkic rule over Iran, during most of the past 1,000 years. Iran adopted the Shi'a version of Islam under the rule of the Safavid Azerbaijani Turks beginning in 1500. The Turkic Qajar Dynasty (1779–1924) controlled all of present-day Iran and extensive territory in the Caucasus and Central Asia. When Colonel Reza Khan Pahlavi overthrew the Qajars, he promoted Persian language, culture, and identity at the expense of Azeri Turkish. Zartman, J.K. (2020) Conflict in the modern middle east: An encyclopedia of Civil War, Revolutions, and regime change. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. p.136
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  4761. In fact, Turkic-speaking peoples have played a major role in Iranian history, ruling the country from the eleventh century up to the early twentieth. Even today they represent more than a quarter of Iran's population. Foltz, R. (2016) Iran in world history. Oxford etc.: Oxford University Press. p.61
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  4762.  @zzhex6780  she should change her name to Mister Pseudohistorytics😂
    1
  4763. 😂
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  4764. Hazara Hi , Turco-Mongol bro
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  4765. According to old cossack chronicles,cossacks are Khazars
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  4766. The arrival of the Turks in the Muslim world pushed Muslim power further into India. Of particular note is Mahmud of Ghazni (r. 997-1030), a Turkic sultan who was the first to lead military expeditions deep into India. By establishing himself as the leader of an autonomous state based in Ghazni in the Afghan highlands, he was close enough to India to focus much of his attention on the subcontinent. His seventeen military campaigns into northern India served as the basis of his rule, bringing wealth and power to him and his empire. While his raids were no doubt detrimental to local power and rule in India, he also established major cultural centers and helped spread Persian culture throughout his reign. The legendary Persian poet Firdawsi, who perhaps did more to revive ancient Persian culture than any other person after the country's conversion to Islam, and al-Biruni, a scientist, historian, geologist and physicist, were both mainstays of Mahmud's court. Because of his status as a patron of the arts coupled with his ruthless raids into India, Mahmud of Ghazni's legacy in India today is colored by modern politics as much as anyone else. Regardless of his legacy, Mahmud and the Ghaznavid Dynasty he founded laid the foundation for Muslim conquest in India. The succeeding dynasty, the Ghurids, also ruled out of Afghanistan, and managed to push their borders even further into India, capturing Delhi in 1192. The Ghurids relied on slave soldiers of Turkic origin who formed the core of their army, much like the contemporary Ayyubids further west in the Muslim world. Like their counterparts in Egypt, who established the Mamluk Sultanate, the slave soldiers in India eventually overthrew their masters and inaugurated their own dynasty: the Delhi Sultanate.
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  4767. Türkiye değilse neyim
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  4768.  @CenabNagiyev  imama papaz attıran takla 🤤
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  4769.  @CenabNagiyev  imam attıran papazcı takla
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  4770.  @CenabNagiyev  At imamlayan taklacı papaz
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  4771.  @nejdan2k2  N is mostly from ancient Turkic peoples 🙃
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  4772.  @nejdan2k2  aka Pseudo-Avars :))
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  4773.  @nejdan2k2  Buryats are genetically more Turkic than Mongolic 🤣🤣
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  4774.  @nejdan2k2  This is the story that the seventh-century Byzantine author Theophylactus Simocatta tells about the origin of the Avars.27 He calls them Pseudo-Avars, who in reality were a band of Ogurs called Varchonites.
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  4775.  @nejdan2k2  Nevertheless, Turkic peoples share, to varying degrees, non-linguistic characteristics like cultural traits, ancestry from a common gene pool, and historical experiences.[1]
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  4776.  @nejdan2k2  In the 7–8th centuries, ancestors of Bargas, the Bayirku, a Turkic tribe appeared as tribes near Lake Baikal, named Bargujin. In "Old Tangs Book", it was called "拔野古", "拔野固", "拔曳固". Genghis Khan's ancestor Alan Gua was of Barga ancestry. Mongol Empire circa 1207 It is most likely that the ancestors of modern Buryats are Bayyrku and Kurykans who were part of the tribal union of the Tiele. The Tiele, in turn, came from the Dingling. The first information about Dingling appeared in sources from the 2nd century BC.[11] LOL
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  4777.  @nejdan2k2  A subsequent wave of pagan Turkic tribes made up the majority of Genghis Khan's Mongol army, which devastated the Islamic world in the thirteenth century.
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  4778.  @nejdan2k2  Mongol society - or rather Turko - Mongol , since Jenghiz Khan absorbed a number of Turkic tribes from the Altai - remained aristocratic in character . It was the ancient " aristocracy of the steppes "
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  4779. the Bukhara emir Muzaffar (1860–85) surrounded himself with a retinue of Iranian slaves and maintained a brigade of them ‪History of Civilizations of Central Asia: Towards the contemporary period : from the mid-nineteenth to the end of the twentieth century‬‬ ‪Chahryar Adle‬‬ UNESCO, 1 Jan 2005 Throughout the 18th and much of the 19th century, the inhabitants of Khurāsān and Gurgān were exposed to relentless persecution by slavers from beyond the border, against whom little or no protection was to be had. The perpetrators of these atrocious activities were members of the Türkmen tribes living along Iran's extended, undelineated and largely defenceless northeast frontier. The tribes most frequently involved were the Göklen, the Tekke and the Yamūt. The raiders themselves retained very few of the Iranian slaves whom they captured, the ultimate destination of their human chattel being the flourishing slave-markets of Khiva, Bukhārā and other towns in the Uzbek country north of the Qara-Qum. The justification offered by the Sunni 'ulamā of Bukhārā for this enslavement of fellow-Muslims was the Shĩ'i heterodoxy of the Iranians. The number of Iranian victims of Türkmen slave-raiding, although unrecorded, must have been very great, and included persons of all ages and occupations, and of both sexes. ‪The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 7‬‬ ‪William Bayne Fisher, P. Avery, Ilya Gershevitch, Ehsan Yarshater, G. R. G. Hambly, C. Melville, John Andrew Boyle, Richard Nelson Frye, Peter Jackson, Laurence Lockhart‬‬ Cambridge University Press, 1968 - History - 1096 pages Enslavement of Iranians lasted until the mid-nineteenth century, when Russian and British sources spoke of some 10,000 Iranian slaves in Khiva and over 100,000 slaves in the Khivan, Bukharan and Turkmen territories. ‪After Oriental Despotism: Eurasian Growth in a Global Perspective‬‬ ‪Alessandro Stanziani‬‬ A&C Black, 31 Jul 2014 - History - 192 pages Khwarazm (Khiva) and Bukhara, for example, each housed populations of 30,000–60,000 mostly Iranian slaves during the nineteenth century ‪Slavery and Bonded Labor in Asia, 1250–1900‬‬ ‪BRILL, 11 Oct 2021 -‬‬ some Ottoman Christians or Jews owned Iranian slaves ‪From Slaves to Prisoners of War: The Ottoman Empire, Russia, and International Law‬‬ ‪Will Smiley‬‬ Oxford University Press, 21 Aug 2018 - History - 240 pages 0 Reviews slaves in Bukhara, to which we may add other 200,000 Iranian slaves ‪Bondage: Labor and Rights in Eurasia from the Sixteenth to the Early Twentieth Centuries‬‬ ‪Alessandro Stanziani‬‬ Berghahn Books, 2015 - History - 268 pages In September 1767 an Iranian (Acem) slave named Ali petitioned the court that his master Haffaf Hacı Mehmed of Ankara had threatened to sell him and his children and therefore would cause his family to be dis-united. Asking the protection of the authorities, Ali maintained that he had been serving his master for the previous thirty years. ‪From Slaves to Prisoners of War: The Ottoman Empire, Russia, and International Law‬‬ ‪Will Smiley‬‬ Oxford University Press, 21 Aug 2018 Among the inhabitants of Esfahān who were massacred by Timur , and whose heads were displayed in pyramids of skulls ‪The Judeo-Persian Poet 'Emrānī and his “Book of Treasure”: 'Emrānī's Ganj-Nāme, a Versified Commentary on the Mishnaic Tractate Abot. Edited, Translated and Annotated together with a Critical Study‬‬ ‪David Yeroushalmi‬‬ BRILL, 11 Oct 2021 - Religion Timur went on to cross the Kavkaz Mountains to suppress Georgia and then conquered Persian cities one after another on the southern coast of the Caspian Sea. He massacred his enemies (Persians) and built pyramids with their heads ‪The Silk Road Encyclopedia‬‬ ‪Seoul Selection , 18 Jul 2016 - Reference - 1086‬‬ Above all, with the Mongols, the general massacre of the population, or qatl- i 'amm, became the new norm. This happened at least once every century, at the hands of Čormaġun, Timur, Jahān-Šāh Qara-qoyunlu and Ismāſīl Safawi. We are "lucky" to have a very precise, first-hand account of the massacre or- dered by Timur in 790/1388, for fully understanding of what a qatl-i 'amm really meant: Ḥāfiz-i Abrū, who was with the Timurids, counted between 1,000 to 2,000 skulls in each of the 28 skull minarets on Eastern side of Isfahan. Cities of Medieval Iran BRILL
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  4780. In the classical Persian literary tradition – the entire vocabulary of which consists of stock phrases and images - "Turk' and 'Tajik' are stand-in terms for easily recognizable social stereotypes: one simple but violent; the other wily but civilized. Rūmi turns this on its head, however, in the following couplet: Attack upon attack came the darkness of night/Be strong like a Turk, not soft like a Tajik' (Yek hamleh va yek hamleh, āmad shab va tārīkī/chosti kon va "Torki' kon, na narmī va ‘Tājīkī'). Often ‘Turk' was also used to refer to the poet's beautiful young (unattainable) beloved, as in the following lines from Sa'di: 'Maybe they'll tell the King/"Your Turk (i.e., your Beloved) has spilled Tajik blood" (Shayad ke be padshah begüyand/Tork-e tö berikht khūn-e Tājīk), or elsewhere, 'Show your Tajik face, not Abyssinian black/That the Heavens may obliterate the face of the Turks' (Ru-ye Tājīkāna-t benmā, tā dagh-e habash/ Asman chehre-ye Torkān yaghma'i keshad). Since Turkic men often ‘married up’ and started families with Tajik women, the bloodlines tended to become increasingly mixed over the generations. (Recent DNA studies in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan have shown no notable genetic difference between modern Uzbeks and Tajiks.) And since children typically spent their first years within the harem, the influence of Tajik mothers in constructing the identity of their mixed-race children was surely much greater than is admitted in the patriarchal written sources of the time. Military figures in particular often made much of their tough Turkic heritage, even as they sought to demonstrate their own cultivation by speaking Persian and patronizing Persian courtly culture. The Tajik scribes, for their part, were naturally required to flatter their patrons, but they flattered themselves as well in whatever subtle ways they could. — Richard Foltz, Chapter 4, Tajiks and Turks, The Turk–Tajik symbiosis Ottoman and Russian archives provide good data on third network, connecting Inner (maj) Asia, Russia and Crimea. Russians seized by Tatars between the sixteenth and the first half of the seventeenth century are estimated at about 200,000. Many of them were sold to the Ottomans, but an undetermined portion was kept in Inner Asia and Crimea. In particular, between the fourteenth and the sixteenth centuries Crimean Tatars sold at least 2000 slaves a year, or a total of 400,000, to the Ottomans. In the following centuries, a compilation of estimates indicates that Crimean Tatars seized about 1,750,000 Ukrainians, Poles and Russians from 1468 to 1695.137 Crimean export statistics indicate that around 10,000 slaves a year, Indian slaves were also sold in Bukhara and Astrakhan. At the same time, the Safavid Iranians were also sold as slaves, in particular after wars between the Uzbeks and Safavids. Enslavement of Iranians lasted until the mid-nineteenth century, when Russian and British sources spoke of some 10,000 Iranian slaves in Khiva and over 100,000 slaves in the Khivan, Bukharan and Turkmen territories.82 In the eighteenth century, at the markets of Bukhara, Khiva and After Oriental Despotism: Eurasian Growth in a Global Perspective pp.77 As a whole, we can estimate that there were about 200,000 Indian slaves in Bukhara, to which we may add other 200,000 Iranian slaves. After Oriental Despotism: Eurasian Growth in a Global Perspective pp.90
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  4781. The Iranians thought the Turks coarse and uncouth, lacking any appreciation for poetry and the other fine arts. The Turks, on the other hand, looked down on the Persians as effete and unable to pacify and protect their own country. This conflict is said by one recent commen- tator to have been a major cause for the collapse of the regime. The Safavid emperors were never able to integrate the two types into a coherent, unified governing system." Blake, S. (1991). Courtly and popular culture. In Shahjahanabad: The Sovereign City in Mughal India 1639–1739 (Cambridge South Asian Studies, pp. 122-160). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511563225.006 The Zand dynasty, which ruled Iran from 1751 to 1794 , was the first native Iranian regime in almost six hundred years, as opposed to the Turkic and Mongolian sovereigns who until then had governed the land. Frye, R. (2009). Zand Dynasty. In The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World. : Oxford University Press. For nearly a thousand years, Iran has generally been ruled by non-Persian dynasties, usually Turkish. Bosworth, C. (1968). THE POLITICAL AND DYNASTIC HISTORY OF THE IRANIAN WORLD (A.D. 1000–1217). In J. Boyle (Ed.), The Cambridge History of Iran (The Cambridge History of Iran, pp. 1-202). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521069366.002
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  4782. Be proud of Your slave brown🧒🏾 ancestors
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  4783. 🤓
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  4784. The Rainmaker Basarab was Cuman
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  4785. The Rainmaker Basarab's name implies that he was of Cuman or Pecheneg ancestry, but this hypothesis has not been proven.[8][10][11] At least four royal charters from the 14th century refer to Basarab as a Vlach.[12] Charles I of Hungary referred to him as "Basarab, our disloyal Vlach" in 1332.[1][11] Although his name is of Turkic origin, 14th-century sources unanimously state that he was a Vlach. Basarab came into power before 1324, but the circumstances of his ascension are unknown. According to two popular theories, he succeeded either his father, Thocomerius, or the legendary founder of Wallachia, Radu Negru.
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  4786. The Rainmaker Not impossible
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  4787. The Rainmaker Possibly Cuman
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  4788. The Rainmaker On a more serious note, the authors correctly state that even if the Basarab house was originally Turkic, they could still have carried West Eurasian chromosomes, since incoming Turkic groups in Europe were not purely Mongoloid like their more remote ancestors. On the other hand, I note that most of the Basarab-surnamed individuals belonged to E-V13, I-P37.2, J-M241 all of which are almost certainly native Romanian. If one of them carries the original chromosome, then the odds are in favor of a Romanian origin, although nothing short of ancient DNA work can resolve the issue, assuming that's possible. http://dienekes.blogspot.com/2012/07/a-look-at-y-chromosomes-of-romania-via.html?m=1 Vlad III The Impaler, also known as Dracula, descended from the dynasty of Basarab, the first rulers of independent Wallachia, in present Romania. Whether this dynasty is of Cuman (an admixed Turkic people that reached Wallachia from the East in the 11th century) or of local Romanian (Vlach) origin is debated among historians. 😜😜😜😜 We found Wallachia
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  4789. ÖLÜMLÜHAYATBUGÜNVARSINYARINYOKSUN Romanian state of Cuman origin😜😜😜😜😜
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  4790.  @doyouwantthetotalwar  In the kingdom of Timur and his descendants , the inhabitants of Moghulistan were referred to by the pejorative term jätä 3 " robbers " . The expression " the Jätä country " is often used by the historians as a synonym of Mo ghulistan . Bartol'd, V., 1962. Four studies on the history of Central Asia. Leiden: [s.n.], p.139. Timur was proud to call himself a Turk and hated the appellation “ Mongol ” even for his pre - Islamic ancestors . In fact , the Mongols who had migrated to newly occupied countries in the time of Chengiz Khan , integrated with the people of the Central Asian region , thus giving birth to a Turkish population . In Mongolia they retained their original characteristics . Nomadic feudalism was the pivot around which the Mongol social organization revolved . The history of Mongol feudalism is the history of their social institutions . Khan, Y., 1976. Two studies in early Mughal history. Simla: Indian Institute of Advanced Study, p.6. About this period, I asked my father to tell me the history of our family from the time of Yafet Aghlan, which he did, nearly in the following manner: " It is written in the Turkish history, that we are descended from Yafet Aghlan, commonly called (Abu al Atrak) Father of the Turks, son of (the Patriarch,) Japhet, he was the first monarch of the Turks: when his fifth son Aljeh Khan ascended the throne, the all gracious God bestowed on him twin sons, one of which was called Tatar, the other Moghul Timur. (2013). CHAPTER III. In C. Stewart (Trans.), The Mulfuzat Timury, or, Autobiographical Memoirs of the Moghul Emperor Timur: Written in the Jagtay Turky Language (Cambridge Library Collection - Perspectives from the Royal Asiatic Society, pp. 27-31). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139507325.015 Tīmūr’s identity as a Turk was not lim- ited only to his understanding of himself, his skills, and his heritage. All the people that he encountered, whether in the marketplace or at the royal palace, immediately recognized him as a Türk-bacha , a Turk-boy, presumably for his attire and perhaps for his looks. Possibly, he represented to them an arche- typal nomad. Whatever the reason, they still found it the most convenient and intuitive manner to address him, not knowing his name. Sela, R. (2011). Youth. In The Legendary Biographies of Tamerlane: Islam and Heroic Apocrypha in Central Asia(Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization, pp. 76-91). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
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  4791.  @wankawanka3053  👽👽👽
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  4792. Bana da atsana bunu
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  4793.  @DarkKnight-db1dy  and Turks
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  4794.  @DarkKnight-db1dy  There were 4 nations which have managed to defeat the 1200's Mongols in war ; Javanese (Majapahit), Turks (Khalji & Bahri Mamluks), Japanese, Vietnamese (Dai Viet). Mongols of the first half of the 13th century however were unstoppable Major nations destroyed by the Mongols ; -Jin(Tungusic) -Khwarezmids(Turkic) -Souther Song(Sinitic) -Kara Khitais(Khitanic) -Cumania(Turkic) -Kievan Rus(Germanic and Slavic) -Seljuk Rum(Turkic) -Abbasids(Arabic) -Western Xia(Qiangic) -Volga Bulgaria(Turkic)
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  4795.  @DarkKnight-db1dy  Although the Turks often comprised the bulk of the Mongol army as well as the bulk of armies opposed to the Mongols, throughout the domains of the Mongol Empire there was a diffusion of military technology, which has already bee and also ethnic groups. In addition to the Mongols and Turks, other ethnicities served in the Mongol military machine and found themselves distant from home. May, T.M., 2012. The Mongol conquests in world history, London: Reaktion Books. p.222
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  4796.  @DarkKnight-db1dy  And also, Genghis Khan's greatest enemy was a Turk, Jalalaldin, who almost stopped the Mongol Invasion.
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  4797.  @Tapinaktopmakcisi  önclöör örögön🐸
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  4798. 34:16 lmao
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  4799.  @TheDovahkiinPadomay  not to mention Turks saw poorsians as non-martial effeminate population in every single primary source, including their greatest poet Mawlana😃
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  4800.  @Konstantine1826  Persians were called feminene by everybody Greeks, Romans, Arabs, Turks, Turco-Mongols, Caucasians… Even ibn Khaldun had a famous quote about that
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  4801.  @Konstantine1826  Yuezhi were called Tocharians/Tokharis in historical sources not Sakas or Iranians
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  4802.  @ORHAN2382-t1m  Persians are rather pseudo-ethnicity they don’t even have tribal belonging hence why nobody look Iranic Sintashta in Iran
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  4803.  @lemao9637  Seljuks always claimed Oghuz descent not zorropoorsian. Even Persian&Daylamite primary sources called them barbarian Turkic rule including their most famous poets (Mawlana & Nizami)
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  4804.  @wasdkug_tr  Sharaf al-Zamān Ṭāhir Marvazī, writing at Seljuq courts in Khurasan during the last years of the 11th century and opening decades of the 12th century, was concerned to explain the Oghuz origins of his Seljuq masters. He calls the Ghuzz/Oghuz a great tribe of the Turks which comprised twelve subdivisions, one of which was called the Toghuzghuz, with a ruler called Toghuz-Khāqān who headed powerful armies and had territories on the fringes of Khwarazm and Transoxania. Marvazī’s information seems thus to relate to earlier Samanid times, locating these Turks in the steppes to the north of the Aral Sea and the lower reaches of the Syr Darya.
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  4805.  @Bogdan-uu5oe  They are probably %60-40 Illyrian-Slavic by blood
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  4806. Genelde Kürt diyorlar
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  4807.  @robertomassa731  Davis (2008:39) translates Ouyang Xiu's statement "當是時，西突厥有鐵勒，延陀、阿史那之類為最大" into "Among the Tie'le tribes of Western Tujue, at the time, the Yantuo and Ashina were the largest subgroups".
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  4808. Napoleon was Nader of West
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  4809. 😐
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  4810.  @Buurba_Jolof  🙃
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  4811. The Achaemenids and Sassanids got destroyed by a Hellenic and Arabic tribe respectively Parthians had their capital countless times sacked by Romans and post Islamic Persia was basically a playground for Arabs, Turks, and Mongols as we all know
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  4812. Greek historian: Greece was Albanian, even today a half of Greeks are Albanians Maria Efthimiou, a professor of history at the University of Athens, awarded with honorary price by Greek Presidency is engaged in teaching in multiple fields, here she gives a lecture on Arvanites (Albanians) in Greece. Without making common terminology differences, Albanian or Arvanitas, Efthimiou talks about their role and the fact that Albanian language in Greece before two centuries was the first language in some regions. An interesting moment is the opening of schools in Greek language for Arvanites childrens in the island of Specas, where one of the teachers wrote that "while I was learning Greek, Albanian children were teaching me the Albanian language." "I learned Albanian in order to learn to them the Greek language" follows this moment. The lecture has its own communication value, it is not seen as the complex avoidance, bypass or even lie we have learned to think as criteria with which our neighboring Historiography operates. https://www.ocnal.com/2016/06/greek-historian-greece-was-albanian.html?m=1
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  4813. Waiting for your WW3 trailer video👀
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  4814.  @Gehri_soch2.0  Bosworth, C. E. (2019). New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual. Edinburgh University Press. p. 73. ISBN 978-1-4744-6462-8. (...) Najm al-Din Ayyüb and Asad al-Din Shirküh b. Shadhi, the progenitors of the dynasty, were from the Hadhbani tribe of Kurds, although the family seems to have become considerably Turkicised from their service at the side of Turkish soldiers. The Turkish commander of Mosul and Aleppo, Zangi b. Aq Sonqur (see below, no. 93, 1) recruited large numbers of bellicose Kurds into his follow ing, including in 532/1138 Ayyüb, and soon afterwards his brother Shirküh en tered the service of Zangi's famous son Nür al-Din. In 564/1169, Shirküh gained control of Egypt on the demise of the last Fatimid caliph al-'Adid (see above, no. 27) but died almost immediately, and his nephew Salah al-Din b. Najm al-Din Ayyüb (Saladin) was recognised by his troops as Shirküh's successor. The celebrated foe of the Frankish Crusaders, Saladin, was accordingly the real founder of the dynasty. He extinguished the last vestiges of Fatimid rule in Egypt and replaced the Isma'tli Shi'ism which had prevailed there for two centuries by a strongly orthodox Sunni religious and educational policy; the great wave of Ayyübid mosque- and madrasa-building in Egypt and Syria was one aspect of this. The Ayyubids were in this way continuing the policy of the Zangids in Syria and were acting in a parallel manner to the Great Saljuqs before them, who had inaugurated a Sunni reaction in the Iraqi and Persian lands taken over from the Shi'i Bayids (see below, no. 75). Although the Ayyübids were in fact less enthusiastic pursuers of jihad than the Zangids had been, Saladin is associated in Western scholarship with his successes in Palestine, for his enthusiasm enabled him to weld together armies of Kurds, Turks and Arabs in a common cause. (...)
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  4815. Ultra SF4 was far better
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  4816. In the middle of the sixth century the Turkic group bearing the ethnonym Türk crushed the Ruanruan and gained control of the castern steppes for the next few hundred years. The subsequent Türk empires at times also controlled Mongolic and Para-Mongolic peoples, including the Khitan, who copied political and organizational terms from Turkic. During this period, the ancestors of the historical Mongols are likely to have been contained within the entities known by the names Otuz Tatar (Shiwei) and Toquz Tatar (Southern Shiwei), located east and southeast of Lake Baikal. West and north of the lake were the Turkic Üc Qurigan, the linguistic ancestors of the Yakut. In 742 the Türk were defeated by the likewise Turkic confederation of the Uighur, who, in turn, were pushed aside by the Ancient Kirghiz in the 840s. Some Uighur tribes took refuge with the Otuz Tatar, but most of them withdrew to the oases of Eastern Turkestan. The Uighur then never returned to the steppes, even when they were invited by the Khitan, who had overcome the Kirghiz in the 920s. In the twelfth century, part of the Khitan, subseqently known as the Black Khitan (Qara Qitay), migrated westward to Central Asia and became Turkicized. In Mongolia, the immediate linguistic ancestors of the historical Mongols spread Mongolic (Pre-Proto- Mongolic) speech to territories previously held by Turkic speaking populations. The Mongols mainly occupied the basins of the rivers Orkhon and Kerulen, but the closely related Kereit and Naiman tribes expanded further to the west. Both the Kereit and espe- cially the Naiman may have contained unassimilated Turkic elements, as is suggested by the occurrence of Turkic names and titles among them. Janhunen, J. (2011) The Mongolic languages. London: Routledge. p.406
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  4817. müslüm işler kürtün medeniyeti????
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  4818. Medler iranlı kürt değil hatta Turani kavim oldularına dair iddialar ve kitaplar da var
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  4819. müslüm işler Çeçenlerin Azerlerin ve Ermenilerin iranla alakası yok Taciklerin çoğu da çekik gözlü :D Türkleşmiş
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  4820. müslüm işler yek dü se çar Farsça
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  4821. Ermeni aryanı ile Azeri Türkü nerden aynı oluyormuş?daha dil ailelerinden haberin yok ortaklık niye atıyorsun Elazığ erzincan erzurum Türk oğlu Türktür
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  4822. The Rainmaker Look at Wikipedia Basarad Dynasty Wallachia is Romanian dynasty of Turkic origin
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  4823. The Rainmaker Cuman Turkic origin but not Turkic dynasty
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  4824. Ibn Canaan Really?
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  4825. Kurdikî bêdîn Bazı eyyubi yöneticileri soylarının arap olduğunu söylemiştir😂😂kürtlüklerinden utanmışlar demek ki🤣🤣
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  4826. There are much Anti-Turkism in the comment section😅 what an inferiority complex
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  4827.  @juice8431  even turks of anatolia ruled india qutb shahi and adil shahi
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  4828.  @Iranvardan  In fact, Turkic-speaking peoples have played a major role in Iranian history, ruling the country from the eleventh century up to the early twentieth. Even today they represent more than a quarter of Iran's population. Foltz, R. (2016) Iran in world history. Oxford etc.: Oxford University Press. p.61
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  4829.  @KhansDen  Altaic in yeni adı Transeuraisan sadece isim değişti
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  4830.  @icyt6452  based
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  4831. Hassan A 🤣🤣🤣
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  4832. Hassan A Do you want to harvard source?
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  4833. Mehmed Ali never identified himself as an Albanian
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  4834. aslan yagma Ben devletten bahsediyorum saladinin ırkı beni ilgilendirmiyor
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  4835. aslan yagma İbn Haldun’un kitabından oku kürt kökenliydi diyor ama Türk devletiydi diyor
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  4836. Ahmed G turk devleti oldugunun kanitlarindan biri, devrin arap sairlerinden ibn senaulmulkun, halepin selahaddin eyyubi tarafindan alinmasindan sonra yazdigi methiyedeki bir beyittir: "arap milleti, turklerin devletiyle yuceldi. ehl i salip davasi eyyubun oglu tarafindan perisan edildi." Selahaddinin kökeni kürt veya arap ama devlet türk devleti
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  4837.  Fuck YouTube  Family tradition maintained that Ibrahim Ağa was not originally from Kavala and that his paternal grandfather had hailed from Konya in central Anatolia.
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  4838.  Fuck YouTube  "Mehmed Ali descended from a family, most probably of Turkish origin, that had emigrated from south-east Anatolia and settled in Kavala in southern Macedonia some time earlier."
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  4839.  Fuck YouTube  Muhammed Ali Pasha did not libareted Egyptians from Turkish rule In his kingdom,Turks were sole elite of state and local egyptians were subject of Turks Muhammed Ali said this to French visitor Baron de Boislecomte : '‘I have not done in Egypt except what the British are doing in India; they have an army composed of Indians and ruled by British officers, and I have an army composed of Arabs ruled by Turkish officers [...] The Turk makes a better officer, since he knows that he is entitled to rule, while the Arab feels that the Turk is better than him in that respect'' Georges Douin (ed.), La mission du Baron de Boislecomte, L’E´gypte et la Syrie en 1833 (Cairo, 1927), pp. 110–111
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  4840.  Fuck YouTube  Finally, having lost his own son in the campaign, and failed to raise the men required for his new army, Muhammad 'AH realized that the Sudan campaign had been a complete failure. When he was informed that a large number of Turkish-speaking officers were about to desert the campaign and return en masse to Egypt he wrote to the governor of one of the Sa'idi provinces: "Since the Turks are members of our race and since they must be spared the trouble of being sent to remote and dangerous areas, it has become necessary to conscript around 4,000 men from Upper Egypt [to replace them]." Fahmy, K. (1998). The era of Muhammad ’Ali Pasha, 1805–1848. In M. Daly (Ed.), The Cambridge History of Egypt (The Cambridge History of Egypt, pp. 154). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521472111.007
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  4841.  @rawka_7929  THE TURKS AND THE WEST. Europe stood in awe of the Ottomans who crushed many states and conquered vast territories, going, as all patriotic Turks will proudly point out, "all the way to the gates of Vienna." European literature is replete with the depictions of the Turk as the hated enemy. The English often thought of the Turk as awe-inspiring and destructive. Thomas Fuller wrote in The Holy Warre (1639): "The Turkish Empire is the greatest... the sun ever saw. ...Grass springeth not where the grand signior's horse setteth his foot."
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  4842.  @rawka_7929  just because they were bigger doesn’t mean they were better empires
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  4843.  @rawka_7929  Ottoman was not better empire than Romans but Romans got ruled by many different ethnicities and dynasties unlike Ottomans which got ruled by just one dynasty and ethnicity
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  4844. Bulgars are Turks not bulgarians
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  4845. Lethean Ignore bulgarian troll accounts
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  4846.  @RomabooRamblings  Bulgars are Turkic people but Bulgarians are Slavic peoples there is big difference
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  4847.  @tyrantphotius_7948  Italic Latin Empire of Illyrian origin 😂nothing greek about its
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  4848. Herzschlag Laufer I mean Basarab I
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  4849. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_of_Cuman_descent
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  4850. Cengiz Söğütlü aynen Cuman kökenli olduğunu genel olarak söylüyorlar hatta bazı rumen ünileri bile var :D
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  4851. Dece Balus Vlachized Cuman origin
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  4852. Dece Balus Also basarab is cuman name
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