Youtube comments of (@PeteJudo1).
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Lots of good discussion in the comments, I know this topic by nature is a little controversial. Thank you for the enthusiasm, everyone!
Just wanted to address a few common themes:
1. Yes, Milton Friedman's idea for a negative income tax works quite differently to this form of monthly income UBI. Should have made that clearer in the video. Let me know if you want a follow-up video on that.
2. Some people are saying that it's fine to be poorer if they're happier. The study did measure this and people were NOT happier in the long run. Happiness increased from year 1, but disappeared by year 3. People simply habituated to the higher income. https://openresearch-web.files.svdcdn.com/production/assets/documents/Documentation/w32784.pdf?dm=1723679143
3. Some people are saying that working less and spending more on leisure should improve physical and mental health. The study also measured this and found no improvements, not even a small improvement in physical health. Mental health was boosted in year 1 (as you would expect) but disappeared by year 2. Again, people just habituated to the money. https://openresearch-web.files.svdcdn.com/production/assets/documents/Documentation/w32711.pdf?dm=1721432661
4. And finally, yes, a true UBI study can never be done unless you truly give everyone in the country the money, which yes, will have a greater impact on things like inflation. Valid point.
So in summary, this study showed that UBI (in the form of $1000 per month) makes Americans poorer ($1000 on average), with no long-term improvements in happiness, physical health, mental health or financial stability.
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Hey Thomas, thanks for checking out the video! Yeah, I appreciate that this video was not made that recently, just chose it because it had lots of great talking points. I'm sure you know a lot more now and have different views compared to back then. Love your recent stuff man.
Crystallization as a technical term in psychology usually refers to a type of intelligence like fact-recall. I didn't use it in this way in the video. I was just using the word crystallization as a synonym for "concreteness" which in hindsight might have been clearer wording. "Concreteness" of an idea refers to how well we can understand, interpret and visualize an idea in our mind. From research, internal methods (like visualizations) to control habits aren't effective in the long run. To me looking at your intervention, it was almost certainly the fact that the picture was on your phone (external), that was the biggest reason for it becoming a successful intervention. A message that simply said "don't buy energy drinks" may have worked just as well, but then again personalization and emotion definitely make interventions more effective too. Regardless, I'm glad it worked, and you managed to quit.
Great question about "the stick". There is a really nice study by Dan Ariely that introduced a fine to parents that showed up late to pick up their kids. What they found was that after the fine was introduced, MORE parents came late rather than less. The fine became a price that could be exchanged for bad behavior, rather than a deterrent. https://econlife.com/2018/09/unintended-consequences-from-fines/
Here is another big summary paper from Gneezy explaining the phenomenon https://rady.ucsd.edu/faculty/directory/gneezy/pub/docs/fine.pdf
Since your financial punishment was so high relative to the crime, I think this may have worked better. But the key point you make of it "hurting your pride" too (as well as your wallet). That pride part is really key to making the fine work. Otherwise it just becomes a price for being naughty.
Hope this helps, thanks for sharing on Twitter dude!
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Ā @tech_priestess_channelĀ Variable manipulation significantly increases the chance of false positives. This is because the world has some randomness to it. So by engaging in variable manipulation, you are essentially relying on randomness to produce your effect, rather than intentionally testing what works in a systematic way. Sometimes, variable manipulation is justified if the authors clearly state that this is "exploratory" research that needs to reproduced. For example, they might say, "Ah, this wasn't what we intended to study, but we observed this other interesting effect that warrants further research." The problem is that often, as I said in the video, scientists will write up the experiment as if they were intending this the whole time, which leads to lots of legitimate "looking" studies, that are actually just the result of luck.
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Good question! So, ofc there are cultural and personal differences in what people perceive as both common or beautiful. But certainly a blue eyed person whose entire face was highly atypical, would not be deemed as beautiful.
Further, there are other factors that we didn't mention that make people beautiful, not just this averageness effect. Youth for example is often deemed as more beautiful than older people. And one of the indicators of youth, is how reflective or shiny our faces are. Youthful people tend to have more shiny faces, and are seen as more beautiful (on average). So, perhaps the blue eye effect could be linked to this idea. Because piercing blue eyes tend to sparkle more than dark tones, this could make the individual appear more youthful and hence more beautiful.
Other considerations are also media perceptions of beauty, and how they shape our social norms.
In summary though, your point is totally valid. Averageness is just one of the rules we use for determining what is beautiful/ aesthetically pleasing. Especially when it comes to proportions. But other factors could shape what people deem as beautiful, leading to the phenomenon you describe here.
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