Comments by "" (@RedXlV) on "Sideprojects"
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Mark 11 and 12 were used on surface ships.
The Mark 13 was the air-dropped torpedo used in WW2.
The Mark 15 was the surface ship version of the Mark 14. Since they were generally bigger than submarines and mounted their torpedo tubes externally on the deck, destroyers could carry somewhat larger torpedoes. The Mark 15 had the same 21 inch diameter, but was 3.5 feet longer and 800 pounds heavier than the Mark 14. While the Mark 14's range and speed settings were 4,500 yards at 46 knots and 9,000 yards at 31 knots, the Mark 15 had settings of 6,000 yards at 45 knots, 10,000 yards at 33.5 knots, and 15,000 yards at 26.5 knots.
And yes, the Mark 15 had all of the same problems as the Mark 14. But destroyer crews were much slower to realize the problems, because surface engagements tended to be a lot more chaotic, and ambushing Japanese ships was less common than it was for the submarines. There was rarely any chance to observe the paths of each individual torpedo fired. Plus the longer range of destroyer torpedoes meant that it was harder to see whether a torpedo was a dud or if it simply missed. A large majority of torpedoes fired by surface ships missed, whereas submarines (since they were firing from ambush positions underwater) had much higher hit rates. This was true for every navy, not just the US Navy. So it was a matter of once the problems were solved in the Mark 14, the same fixes could then be applied to the Mark 15 since it used the same detonators.
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