Youtube comments of (@TheHistoryGuyChannel).

  1. Several viewers have noted that the plane that refueled the SR-71 would have been a KC-135, not a KC-130. I apologize for the error.
    2000
  2. A couple of viewers complained that I mentioned, in the very briefest way, the fact that Levittowns were controversial because they only allowed white families. I thought it irresponsible to mention lawns without mentioning the impact of William Levitt. But the fact that FHA loans for houses in Levittowns stipulated that only "Caucasian families" were allowed represents a legitimate controversy, and I felt it irresponsible to leave out entirely that significant controversy as if the only thing important about their impact was grass. As always, I meant no political statement, was not referring to any issue of modern politics, and support no candidate or legislation in my brief noting of the Levittown controversy. My answer to those who complained: I do not care, even a little, if you choose to find offense in historical facts.
    1900
  3. Some have complained that I spend time discussing the Yom Kippur War and the consequent oil embargo. However, I believe that that context is critical to understanding the national climate that brought us the Dale. Others imply that I have taken sides in the Arab Israeli conflict. To be clear, the reason I included the brief discussion here was the provide background on the decisions of the Nixon Administration that led to the US inclusion in the oil embargo. One purpose of History is to help inform us about the future. But, at times, I do think that viewers impress their conclusions on the story that I tell. In this case, I was making no attempt to make judgments on the motivations of parties to events. Some viewers have taken issue with my description of the gull-winged DeLorean DMC-12 as an American design. The DeLorean Motor Company was an American company, and the prototype for the DMC-12 was created by American engineer William T Collins. But the design was significantly re-engineered by British engineer Colin Chapman and the body design was the work of Italian engineer Giorgetto Giugiaro. And, of course, the cars were manufactured in Ireland. Suffice to say that my comment in the introduction was not intended to insult any of the international parties who were involved in the design and manufacture of the DMC-12. Some have complained that I refer to Carmichael as “she” after she was identified as transgender. Seriously, no matter what I did there someone was going to complain, putting me in the situation where there is no correct answer, or, rather, where different people were going to insist that their answer was the only good and correct one. I am not foisting my opinions about current debates on anyone, I am following normal journalistic practice and trying not to unnecessarily choose fights that will turn people off of history. I can not help it that some will choose to be offended. Viewers are free to have their own opinions, and refer to Carmichael in your own conversations however you please. This is not an episode prosecuting current cultural debates, this is a channel about history, so please don’t impress that on me, and have that conversation elsewhere.
    1100
  4. As ever, we are making no statement about current politics. We present history. We respect viewer's opinions, but please keep in mind, this is not a political discussion channel. Also, please keep in mind, this is a place for respectful discussion. I do believe that a primary purpose of remembering history is to inform us about the present. But more vitriolic discussions of current politics will only serve to turn people away from the study of history, and there are a vast number of places and platforms designed to moderate such discussions already available.
    1000
  5. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!  As many viewers have mentioned, Whitehaven is on the north west coast of England, not the north east. I am sorry for the error.
    1000
  6. In the episode I say the shells from the 14 inch, forty-five caliber main battery were 500 lbs. in fact, high explosive rounds were 1,125 pounds. I apologize for the error.
    902
  7. I am an American. I humbly apologize if all my European pronunciations are not correct.
    874
  8. At the end I say that Wing Commander Holden spent two years in the hospital. In fact, he spent two periods in the hospital, both much shorter than a year. I am sorry for the mistake. Some viewers have reminded me that the proper designation is runway 3-6, not runway thirty six.
    802
  9. For the record, the timing of the episode is based on the anniversary of President Wilson’s stroke. No, I had no advanced knowledge of President Trump’s illness. My collection of items does not include a crystal ball.
    779
  10. As always, I was intending no statement regarding politics or policy. To be clear, the History Guy is not responsible for the war on drugs. Don't blame me for thirty year old policy that you dislike. Go gripe about politics on a page about politics.
    756
  11. Near the end I say "Great comet of 1911," which, of course, should have been "1811." I apologize for the error. I also mentioned John Reynolds family feeling the shock. As several viewers have noted, Vincennes is in Indiana, not Illinois. However, while his autobiography says he had travelled from Vincennes, the family cabin was actually in Goshen Settlement, near Kaskaskia, Illinois, considerably closer to New Madrid than Vincennes. Again, I apologize for the error.
    666
  12. A few viewers have questioned whether it is appropriate to refer to the crews as heroes. I respect the varying definitions of heroism, and the perspective that they were doing their jobs, and had little choice but to do what they did. Personally, I believe that making these decisions under pressure and saving lives is a heroic act. In any case, keeping their heads in extraordinary circumstances is history that deserves to be remembered.
    638
  13. There are no known photos of the sinking of the Shōkaku. The photos in the episode show damage to the Shōkaku and Zuikaku in previous battles, as well as other aircraft carriers.
    600
  14. Some people seem to have taken the episode as an insult to craft brewing. To be clear, craft brewers are small, independent, brewers, and craft brews do not necessarily have flavors added. Moreover, industrial brewers certainly produce fruit and even pumpkin spiced brews. The comments in episode are merely noting that craft brews very often experiment with flavors in a way that represents the opposite of the intent of the reinheitsgebot. Moreover, it was not my intent to suggest that craft brews are inferior. (Except for pumpkin spice brews, which are.). The intent was to discuss the unique history of these laws. I truly apologize if it appears that I insulted your favorite brew, as that was not my intent. Except for pumpkin spice brews, in which case the insult was wholly intentional.
    563
  15. As many- many- Australians have noted, the name of the large, soft feathered flightless ratite is pronounced eem-you rather than ee-moo.
    561
  16. I apologize for the errors, in this case references disagreed with each -other, but I take you as the definitive expert. Mr Smith's book is called "Alias Soapy Smith" and can be purchased here: https://www.soapysmith.net/id50.html Jeff Smith does performances at western shows as his great grandfather, including the shell game and the prize soap racket. More on his FaceBook page: https://www.facebook.com/Alias-Soapy-Smith-The-Life-and-Death-of-a-Scoundrel-217773494901812/?hc_location=ufi
    555
  17. Some viewers have argued that the act should not be called terrorism. That is a fair discussion. However, my argument is that the motive was political and the act illegal, and so meets the fair definition of the term. To claim that is was merely sabotage and not terrorism, you have to assume that it was mere coincidence that these 100,000 pounds of explosives were set off so close to New York City, and that the widespread damage was happenstance rather than a message. The far more obvious explanation is that the goal was to demonstrate the consequences of munitions production in the hopes of moving public opinion against the policy.
    526
  18. As a couple of viewers noted, Hawaii statehood was in 1959, not 1949. I apologize for the error.
    510
  19. If you are from Massachusetts and your complaint is that I don't pronounce placenames like a local. News flash- I'm not.
    510
  20. The original version of this episode was de-monetized. The video has been re-uploaded with minor changes in an attempt to avoid whatever was found offensive. Please read the video description, and, if you think it unjust that YouTube censor history, say so in the comments.
    506
  21. As many viewers have noted, HEAT means High Explosive Antitank, not High Energy Antitank. I apologize for the error.
    505
  22. I apologize in advance for any mispronunciations of Russian place names.
    490
  23. As many viewers have mentioned, locals pronounce Albany "AHHHHHHL banny." I apologize for the error. I do make an effort to be correct in local pronunciation. If you are annoyed by it, realize that you are likely pronouncing someone else's town incorrectly. Please forgive my humble mistake and give me some slight credit for Oneonta, which I am told many fellow New Yorkers often mispronounce.
    482
  24. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!  Several viewers have noted that “Gato” should be pronounced with a long “a.” I apologize for the error.
    475
  25. As several viewers have mentioned, the F4U-4 was mounted with either .50 caliber machine guns or 20 mm cannons, but not both. I apologize for the error.
    472
  26. Yes, Ms History Guy’s turn. For those that prefer the original, don’t worry, I will keep making episodes. There is plenty of history to go around.
    469
  27. I agree. it is really disappointing to hear how the Greggs were treated in the reimbursement process.
    457
  28. Several viewers have noticed that the plane in the video is an F-102 Delta Dagger as opposed to an F-106 Delta Dart. I am sorry for the discrepancy.
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  29. Several viewers have mentioned other serial killers that predate these murders. Likely serial killers have been with humanity since the beginning, and of course there would have been people doing so prior to 1884. However, the atrocities of, for example, the Harpe brothers, follow a different sort of pattern than the murders in Austin and London or modern serial killers. Some psychologists argue that these types of murders are dependent upon modern cities. In any case, the Austin murders were unique and baffling in their time, and certainly worthy of note regardless of the crimes of others, some of whom might well be the focus of future episodes.
    416
  30. Some viewers have complained that I did not include the contribution of the Indian National Army. I did not mention the INA for two reasons: First, the INA is important and complex history in itself, and I could not do that history justice in the narrow context of this battle. Second, the actual contribution of the INA to the battles of Imphal and Kohima was small, and did not significantly impact the outcome of the battle. I did not intend to disparage the service of the veterans of the Indian National Army. It is important to note that Indians died fighting on both sides of the conflict.
    410
  31. As a couple of viewers have noted, the London Colosseum was based on the Roman Pantheon, not the Greek Parthenon. I am sorry for the error.
    406
  32. A viewer complained that much of the footage of volcanoes were volcanoes dissimilar to Tambora. Notably, Tambora is a stratovolcano. Lava from stratovolcano eruptions tends to be very viscous and cools quickly, whereas much of the footage in the episode is from shield volcanos in Hawaii, which produce free-flowing lava. Please understand that I can only use media in the Public Domain. I did not mean to misinform the audience by using the available footage and photographs.
    405
  33. A few viewers have noticed that I mention the Great Plague of Athens as "1500 years ago" when that should actually be about 2500 years ago. I am sorry for the error.
    404
  34. Several viewers have asked about the pronunciation of “Boise.” I pronounced the name as it is pronounced by Boise City locals. Boise is pronounced differently in Oklahoma than it is in Idaho.
    402
  35. A viewer caught an error. I stated that 60% of households are able to pay off credit card debt each month. Actually, I reversed the numbers. About 40% of US households with credit cards make enough to pay off their balance each month, and 60% do not.
    381
  36. There were few images available in the Public Domain. The documents pictured were from the official FBI report on the incident.
    378
  37. As many viewers have noticed, William McKinley was shot while at the Pan American exposition in Buffalo, NY, not in Chicago. I am sorry for the error.
    378
  38. I need to clarify the final comment, as many seem confused by it. Dr Bonn is not arguing that society needs to have serial killers, but that we are fascinated by them because we have a psychological need to observe bad people so that we can feel better about ourselves. No one is arguing for serial killing. A portion of this video was stolen by a channel called WatchMojo. Unfortunately, there is little that I can do, as protecting my copyright would require a legal suit whose cost would be prohibitive. But, for the record, I suggest that viewers ignore that channel, which abuses the concept of Fair Use and shamelessly steals from other YT creators.
    373
  39. The “Miracle on the Hudson” was US Air flight 1549, not United Airways flight 1541 as I say in the introduction. I apologize for the mistake.
    373
  40. In the video I say the RTG’s used plutonium 239. Actually, they use plutonium 238. Some viewers mentioned that Pluto was still considered a planet in 1983. That is true, but between 1979 and 1999 Pluto was inside the orbit of Neptune, so Neptune was still the outermost planet.
    367
  41. At 11:13 I say that Missouri arrived in the Gulf first. As many viewers have noted, that is incorrect. Wisconsin actually arrived in the Gulf in August 1990 during Operation Desert Shield. Missouri joined Wisconsin on January 3, and both fired missiles in the opening volley of the war on January 17. I apologize for the error, and meant no offense to the veterans who served aboard Wisconsin.
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  42. I muddled the acreage at the end. The military increased the acreage of Johnston island from 46 to 596 acres and the size of Sand island from 10 - 22 acres. Two smaller artificial islands were also created of 25 and 18 acres.
    353
  43. Some people are questioning the claim that bananas are the world’s most popular fruit. Other sources claim tomatoes or mangos. The argument for bananas is made by National Geographic here: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/urban-expeditions/food/food-journeys-graphic/
    351
  44. Viewers have mentioned two claims: That the P-38 was the only American fighter aircraft in large scale production during the entirety of the American involvement in the war, and that the P-38 shot down more Japanese combat aircraft than any other American fighter. While these claims are in several sources, when looking more closely they likely refer to only USAAF aircraft, and not Navy designs. As some have mentioned, the Grumman F4F was in production throughout the war, and the Grumman F6F shot down more Japanese aircraft. I apologize for any confusion I caused.
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  45. Special thanks to Jeff Osborne, who braved the Weddell Sea in 1975, and whose help was invaluable in the production of this episode.
    344
  46. The photo of the B-52 missing its vertical stabilizer is not the actual plane that crashed over Savage Mountain, but, instead is another B-52 that had suffered similar damage. The picture is used for illustration, as no actual picture of the B-52 that crashed is available in the public domain. The plane pictured was being operated by a Boeing crew and was successfully landed. The episode includes many public domain images of B-52s from all eras of the plane’s long service history. I mention that planes had to raise flaps in order to slow for fueling. In fact, flaps are extended to slow the plane. I say that the KC -135 was derived from the Boeing 707. In fact, both the KC-135 and the Boeing 707 were derived from the same prototype. Some viewers have complained that I left out various crashes of nuclear armed bombers. To be clear, this episode was not intended to cover every instance when a bomber crashed. Rather, it talks about the unique circumstances caused by the operation to keep B-52 bombers constantly airborne.
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  47. There are, as has often been the case, a number of complaints about pronunciations. I do do my best, and do use online guides where available. The channel covers a wide variety of historical time periods and history from around the world and my abilities to correctly work my way around foreign words is often tested. I apologize for where I fail, I mean no disrespect, and hope that it does not detract from the history. In many cases there is dispute over how words, especially place names, are pronounced, and the general rule we have experience has been that no matter how something is pronounced, someone will be certain that it was pronounced wrong.
    341
  48. I respectfully note, in terms of the comments section, that THG does history and leaves decisions about current events up to the viewer. But, as always, please be civil and respectful.
    339
  49. Several viewers have noted that the locals pronounce the town name Pesh-ti-go rather than Pesh-tee-go. For exclusive content, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    336
  50. I do not know why it isn't showing the full screen. Re-uploading didn't help. Hopefully YouTube will have an answer.
    333
  51. A couple of viewers have noted my pronunciation of the word “route,” or the path taken from a starting point to a destination. According to Oxford dictionaries, the common pronunciation in British english is “root.” But in America, both “root” and “rowt” are acceptable.
    333
  52. It was called to my attention that the name of Russell William Read, the only civilian to perish in the crash, is cut off on the listing at the end. Mr Read was a consultant with General Motors and was from Shelbyville, Indiana. He was 32 years old at the time of the accident.
    333
  53. A very bad man.
    332
  54. In the episode I say that USS PC-566's credited kill of the U-166 is the only enemy submarine kill credited to the subchasers. Since then, viewers have pointed out some other examples including USS PC-565's destruction of the U-521 and USS PC-624's destruction of U-375. There may be more examples as well. I apologize for the error, and hope to cover some of those actions in future episodes.
    332
  55. As around the first fifty viewers noted, Reading Pennsylvania is pronounced "Redding." I meant no disrespect to the Berks County seat. Go Fightin Phils!
    330
  56. It seems odd that I have to say this, but this video was made with no political agenda, and, of course, was made before Helene's landfall.
    329
  57. At 1:27 I say the Mississippi was the eastern boundary of the Northwest Territory. Of course, it was the Western Boundary. I am sorry for the error.
    328
  58. Some viewers have mentioned that Julius Caesar was not, as I said, an emperor. That is a fair criticism, as his nephew Augustus ushered in the imperial era. I am sorry for the error.
    327
  59. Quite few people here are complaining that I pronounce British names as if I come from America rather than Britain. Respectfully, I would point out that I come from America, not Britain.
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  60. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!  Corrections: I refer to Suzy Hastings as a nurse. In fact she was a clerk-typist. I attribute the crash to engine trouble. In fact, the cause of the crash is still listed as “unknown,” and likely was the result of poor visibility.
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  61. Several viewers have mentioned that there is a picture of a basket around 9:12 that is filled with red currants, not cranberries. I apologize for the error.
    325
  62. Many viewers have mentioned that the NASA Michaud assembly facility is pronounced "Mi-shoo." The photo of the Coast Guard helicopter at the end is an HH-60 "Pave Hawk." Actually, the Coast Guard at the time were operating the HH-65 "Dolphin." The three Comet crashes that resulted in the model being temporarily withdrawn from service were in 1954, not 1956. Some viewers were under the impression that the plane took off from the levee itself. That is not the case. After performing an engine replacement in situ, the plane was towed a short distance and took off from a road in front of the NASA Michaud Assembly Facility. This was notable because the plane did not have to be disassembled to get it to a repair facility.
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  63. I have received many comments noting that Nadr Shah was an ethnic Turk, rather than Persian. The reason that I refer to him as Persia’s Napoleon is because that was the empire over which he ruled. It was a multi-ethnic empire. I in no way intended to belittle his heritage.
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  64. As many viewers have mentioned, the word "quay" is usually pronounced "key." I apologize for the error.
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  65. As numerous viewers have mentioned, in two places I say November 22, when the correct date is October 22. I apologize for misspeaking.
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  66. I use a program called "Viddyoze." I admit, I am playing with the program because it is fun.
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  67. As many viewers have noted, i was incorrect in saying that Junior Wireless Operator Harold Bride perished in the sinking. In fact, Bride survived and passed away in 1956. I apologize for the error.
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  68. Some viewers have asked about the term "dead-head," which, of course has different meaning today. In 1870 a "dead head" was a person who got into the theater for free. For example, a person could volunteer to put up posters for the theater, and be allowed admission to the gallery. Despite not having paid for their ticket, they were often critical of the performance.
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  69. I say the treaty of Paris was signed by representatives of King George II. Of course that should be George III. I apologize for the error.
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  70. A few viewers have taken issue with the fact that I used the term "CE" rather than "AD." I emphatically am not making any political statement using the abbreviation, nor do I wish to. The "controversy" truly rankles a historian, as no matter which term you use will drawn someone's ire. I do not wish to be drawn into that catch-22. There is an interesting conversation going on in professional literature regarding the best practice. As for me, I use the terms interchangeably, and see no point or value in finding acrimony over the distinction. If you are offended, I am sorry, but I am here to tell stories, not to serve political ends. I neither claim to nor wish to be the one who adjudicates that controversy. This is a good discussion of the history and use of the abbreviations from another historian writing on the web: https://www.dailywritingtips.com/ce-vs-ad/ Other's have found offense that I used a sarcastic tone with reference to Marquette's use of the word "savage." I do find his tone somewhat ironic. My mild point there was that, throughout history, all sides seemed to think the others were "savages." Again, I am sorry if you found offense, but I wish that people were willing to enjoy the story rather than manufacturing reasons to be offended.
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  71. Some people have mentioned that we use the spelling "City Bank" while the bank today is called "Citibank." The bank was incorporated as the "City Bank of New York, " and that was the name in 1831. The "Citibank" spelling was based on an eight letter wire code address used by the bank starting in the 1860s. The bank name, however, was not officially changed to "Citibank" until 1976. Many are noting that this heist was actually a burglary as opposed to a robbery. But theft from banks have always been characterized as “bank robbery” in the press, and it was commonly called a robbery in the contemporary press. The term “bank burglary” is simply not commonly used. Both types of theft- whether by force or “penalties for anyone who takes and carries away, with the intent to steal or purloin, any property or money or any thing of value in the care, custody, control, management, or possession of any bank, credit union, or savings and loan.” are covered under the Federal Bank Robbery statute, Title 18, section 2113 of the United States Code.
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  72. At 11:43 I mention the town of Potosi Michigan. That is an error- there is no town called Potosi in Michigan. There are towns in Wisconsin, Missouri and Texas, a ghost town and mountain in Nevada named after Potosi.
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  73. I apologize for the audio issues.
    295
  74. A viewer made the fair point that the claim by the Civil Air Patrol of sinking a U-Boat has never been confirmed by the Navy. It is part of CAP lore, but not a confirmed kill. Confirming U-Boat "kills" has always been a difficult process. Col Frank A. Blazich, Jr. of the CAP informed me that new research has concluded that the number of known CAP members killed in service during the war has increased from 65 to 68, and may continue to climb as records are reviewed. They gave their all for their country, and they deserve to be remembered.
    286
  75. In the introduction I should have said "parrot" on his shoulder, not "pirate." A few viewers have noted that I did not mention actor Wallace Beery, who played Long John Silver in the 1934 film adaption of Treasure Island. I meant no disrespect to Mr Beery.
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  76. Some viewers noted that I use the term "Flight Officer," the proper title is "Flying Officer." In the introduction I say that Herbert Pustkuchen was responsible for sinking HMS Penelope. Actually, a submarine under his command damaged, but did not sink, HMS Penelope. I mention pilot Gordon Hyams- he was a pilot with the RNAS, not the RAF, which had not yet been established. At 7:43 I mention that War Order 483 was issued May 1, 1941- that was a misspeak- the order was issued May 1, 1943. I apologize for the errors.
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  77. As viewers were quick to notice, Alaska was the 49th, not the 50th US State. I apologize for the error.
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  78. Totally coincidence. ;)
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  79. At the start I say "54,000 long ton." That should be 5400 long tons. I apologize for the error.
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  80. The documents that give a detailed description of the timing of events are still largely redacted. Some references assert this alarm came at 9am, not 3 am. The description of the 3 am phone call was recounted in Robert Gates 1996 book “The Ultimate Insiders Story of Five Presidents and How They Won the Cold War.”
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  81. Prof2You Smithe a lot of great information here. Thanks!
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  82. Quite a few viewers have asked why I gave the measurements in the introduction in Kilometers and not miles. The reason is that the statistics in the introduction are really intended for foreign viewers, who, it seems, often do not realize the size of the "flyover" states, most of which are the size of a European nation. For those who oppose metrication, New York is approximately 2800 miles from Los Angeles, and London is approximately 1800 miles from Moscow.
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  83. As many viewers have noted, the port of Swansea is in Wales, not England. I am sorry, I meant no disrespect to the Welsh.
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  84. A few viewers have complained that the conclusion of the episode is “virtue-signaling.” I will be frank here. The Onge were also part of this history. Offering their perspective, and telling the story of what has happened to them since is history. History might make you uncomfortable, yes. That, however, is not the fault of the historian. My point is not at all to take sides. My point at the end is to emphasize that "savage" is in the eyes of the beholder.
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  85. Several viewers have made comments over the pronunciation of Gemini. Yes, NASA has always used an idiosyncratic pronunciation said to be pronounced the same as "Jiminy cricket." In 2018 a NASA official told the New York Times that the “knee” pronunciation "is part of the agency’s culture, and serves almost as an insider’s shibboleth — a word whose proper delivery identifies you as someone in the know."
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  86. The Honduran flag shown is actually the version used until 1949. I apologize for the error. Thank you to viewer Miles Boyko for the topic suggestion.
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  87. A viewer noticed that at the start I say 76 years ago, when, of course, 1955 was 66 years ago. I apologize for the extra decade...
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  88. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!  Some viewers have questioned the process by which the engine originally failed. I am confident that the episode correctly describes the events. The text of the findings of the Civil Aeronautics Board is available here: http://propspistonsandoldairliners.blogspot.com/2011/08/amazing-ditching-of-pan-am-flight.html
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  89. Some viewers have noted that, while I mention the US Federal Aviation Authority (FAA) in the conclusion, the relevant authority in the UK is the Civil Aviation Authority. (CAA) The report conclusion actually lists both agencies. While the FAA does not have authority in the UK, operators largely follow their guidance and directives regarding aircraft maintenance , especially regarding aircraft built in the US. Nonetheless I should have mentioned the CAA, and apologize for the omission. A few viewers have said that the term CAVOK means “Cover and visibility OK” as opposed to “Clouds and visibility OK.” A review of the literature shows the two being used interchangeably to refer to the same set of weather conditions. CAVOK is not used in every country, and the acronym is not officially used in US weather reports.
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  90. Several viewers have noticed that I say that Operation Dragoon targeted the port of Toulouse, when the target was the port of Toulon. I give the name of the Chief of Naval Operation as Earnest Young. Actually, his name was Earnest King. I apologize for the errors.
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  91. As several viewers have noted, I misused the word “spendthrift” in the introduction. It means literally the opposite of what I say. I apologize for the error.
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  92. There are many comments on Harburg’s politics. As usual, we are making no judgements, simply presenting history. But, as I say in the conclusion, Harburg’s talent was an inspiration independent of politics. “Brother, can you spare a dime?” Is a good example- some wanted it taken off the air until it was recorded by Bing Crosby, a notable Republican. Crosby realized that music was universal. It is difficult to see “Somewhere over the rainbow” as particularly ideological. And Harburg’s own description of his philosophy shown at the end of the episode hardly seems like some extremist ideology. At the risk of jumping into politics, I think that Yip Harburg offered no ideas so dangerous that the Republic was under threat. As to the blacklisting, I humbly suggest that it is a practice that, once justified, can be turned against any idea. -THG
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  93. I've been clawing my way through puns for a while, but always feel that I am in over my head. It is so easy to get trapped in all the lobster puns- enough to make you see red. Really, beneath my tough exterior, I am just a softie inside.
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  94. Sponsored by Dashlane
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  95. As several viewers have noticed, the name of the base in California is Muroc, not Murdoc. I apologize for the error.
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  96. At the end I say that no US troops were lost to U boats when the AEF was sent to Europe. That is incorrect. Although the convoy system was effective and Von Holtzendorff was certainly wrong about preventing US troops from reaching Europe, there were troop ship losses to U-boats. I am sorry for the error, and will hopefully cover some of those incidents in future episodes. Apparently at one point I said telescope rather than periscope. I apologize for the error. To my knowledge, no telescopes were involved. There were a few comments about the "SS Dolly Parton." The ship the U-58 sank was the SS Dolly Varden. The ship was likely named after a character in the Charles Dickens novel Barnaby Rudge: A Tale of the Riots of Eighty.
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  97. Photos are from the public domain and are for illustration only.
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  98. As several viewers have mentioned, the Battle of Trenton was in 1776, not 1775. I am very sorry for the error.
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  99. I misspoke, and listed the date of the surrender of the french garrison as 1780. In fact, the surrender was in September of 1800. I apologize for the error.
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  100. Somehow in the introduction I say "October 4" when, of course, I meant to say August 4. I sincerely apologize for the error.
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  101. Actually that was in the reference cited. But I couldn’t leave it out.
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  102. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!  Several viewers have noted that the United States Marine Corps was founded in 1775. That is true, but the corps was dissolved after the American revolution along with the Navy. The USMC was only constituted as a permanent force during the Quasi-War. It is that establishment to which the episode refers.
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  103. Some have questioned the final comment about Lincoln being the most unique of the 45 men who have served as President. While there have been 46 presidencies, there have only been 45 different men who served as president. This is owing to the non-consecutive administrations of Grover Cleveland.
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  104. My wife is a newspaper reporter. If useless information is truly wealth, we're Billionaires...
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  105. Several viewers have noted that Dartmouth refers to themselves as a college, not a university. Some have asked about purchasing pressed fiber helmets. To my knowledge no manufacturer is still producing a pressed fiber helmet. The Hawley company still exists, but no longer makes hats. Hawley manufactured helmets have four folds in the faux puggaree. International Hat Company helmets have five folds. A few have complained that the connection to the Rosenbergs is dubious. I find it fascinating, and well worth remembering, that Jesse Hawley was a ground breaking football coach in addition to the inventor of this piece of military equipment. The fact that one of the stars of his extraordinary team went on to be connected to a significant historical event is even more interesting. One of the reasons that I love history is exactly because of such connections. I don’t just collect hats (and other historical artifacts,) I collect the stories that come with them. Every artifact is more than an object, but also a window into time.
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  106. I say that a virus could be vaguely seen with an optical telescope. Of course, that is supposed to be “microscope.” I mention cucumbers as members of the nightshade family. They are not, and are not vulnerable to Tobacco Mosaic Virus. I apologize for the errors.
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  107. As many viewers have mentioned, I mispronounced the names Gillingham and Pepys. I apologize. I do seek to be accurate. English place names are tricky.
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  108. In the episode I say that Poe’s brother and sister were also taken in by the Allans. That is incorrect. The three children all went to different families. I apologize for the error.
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  109. While I encourage people to connect the past and present- it is a fundamental reason to study history- please remember that this is not a channel about politics.
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  110. Some viewers have commented on the phrase “Nero fiddled while Rome burned,” noting, of course that fiddles and violins were not developed until the sixteenth century. First, the word “fiddle” derives from the Latin “fides,” which means “string.” Thus, the use of the word would have applied to other stringed instruments. In the time of Nero, the “fiddling “ would have likely been a stringed instrument called a cithara. Second, there is no evidence that Nero, who was at his villa thirty five miles from Rome when the fire started, actually played music while Rome burned. The phrase, if uttered at the time, would have been a rumor or insult spread by Nero’s enemies. Further, it is not clear whether the phrase was actually uttered at the time or was a later invention of people writing history. In any case, there is evidence to suggest that Nero’s enemies used the suggestion that he was either complicit in starting the fire or ineffective in responding to it to attack the emperor. There is a wonderful analysis provided here: http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Journals/CJ/42/4/Nero_Fiddled*.html
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  111. At 3:25 I say that Germany passed a naval bill in 1808. The bill was dated 1908. I apologize for the error.
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  112. In the introduction I mention Stalingrad. Of course the Battle of Stalingrad was in 1942/43, not 1944. However, I believe it emphasizes the point made by Hap Arnold that the Battle of Kansas was as critical a "must win" as Stalingrad.
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  113. As many viewers noticed, I misstated the year that Eisenhower was elected. He was elected in 1952 and the United States Air Force Academy was established in 1954. I apologize for the error. Or, rather, April fools! ;)
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  114. Fair point
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  115. Somewhat ironically I flubbed the very first line. Johnson supposedly ate the tomatoes in 1820- which is 203 years ago today, not 113. I apologize for the error.
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  116. Just to be completely clear, the conditions that led to these temperature variations were unique and had to do only with the placement of a front during a temperature inversion. I intended to make no statement whatsoever regarding climate change. This is a classic example of "weather."
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  117. A viewer complained that I attribute Samhain traditions to Ireland, when many of those at least co-originated in Scotland. I meant no disrespect for Scotland, where "Tumshies," a type of Rutabaga, were carved as part of Celtic Samhain traditions. While the folktale of "Stingy Jack" seems to be of Irish origin, it is likely that the tradition of carving vegetables (or fruits) for Samhain was carried to the United States by both Scotch and Irish immigrants, and so the origin of the practice of carving Jack-o-Lanterns in the US can be said to be multi-national.
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  118. Several have mentioned that I both confused and mispronounced the Sainte-Marie Sault where Jacques Cartier thought he was near China. The rapids he ran into were near Montreal, not Michigan. Apparently I was as lost as he was. I apologize for the error. To be clear though- he was a long way from China. Some have asked about the success of John Law’s financing scheme. In brief, he oversold shares and created one of the world’s first real-estate bubbles. The bubble collapsed and he was forced to flee France.
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  119. As several viewers have mentioned, I said James IV when it should have been James VI. I also say that Henry VII rebuilt Richmond Palace in 1598, that should have been 1498. I apologize for the errors.
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  120. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!  In the episode I say that two of the three division commanders of the 501st PIR died in the drop. That is not correct. It was two of the three battalion commanders dropped into the same drop zone as Wright and Moore- the battalion commander of the 1st battalion of the 501st PIR and the battalion commander of the 3rd battalion of the 506 th PIR. At the end I credit the book "Angles of Mercy" to author Tim Grey. That is not correct. The author is Paul Woodage. The full title is "Angels of Mercy: Two Screaming Eagle Medics in Angoville-Au-Plain on D-Day." My sincere apologies to Mr Woodage.
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  121. As several people have mentioned,Hans Rose was born in 1885, not 1895. I apologize for the error.
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  122. As many viewers have noted, Escanaba is on the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, not Wisconsin. I apologize for the error.
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  123. 8th Air Force casualties exceeded all marine casualties in the Pacific combined.
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  124. I agree.
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  125. A couple of viewers had questions regarding the map that rolls by at 7:50. The map is a map of border changes following the end of the Cold War. The red in the first map does not represent the borders of the Soviet Union. I mention “Trident III” missiles. Several viewers have pointed out that the US SLBM is, instead, the Trident II.
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  126. Lt. Commander Roope's story is certainly an amazing one. His was the earliest action of the Second World War for which a Victoria Cross was awarded. But his was not the only awarded on the recommendation of the enemy. Sgt. Thomas Frank Durrant of No. 1 Commando was awarded a Victoria Cross for the raid on St Nazarie, 28 March, 1942 upon the recommendation and with evidence provided by the commander of the German destroyer Jaguar. His was the only Victoria Cross awarded to a soldier in a naval action. However, while Lt. Commander Roope and Sgt. Durrant's awards were based partially on the testimony of the enemy, in both cases there were surviving allied witness to corroborate the story. There has been, to my knowledge, only one Victoria Cross awarded solely on the recommendation of the enemy with no surviving allied witnesses. Flying Officer Lloyd Trigg of the Royal New Zealand Air Force was awarded the Victoria Cross for an action on 11 August, 1943 where he and the crew of his badly crippled bomber sunk U-boat 468. The U-boat captain, Klemens Schamong, was picked up by the RN, and the Victoria Cross was awarded on his recommendation.
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  127. Thank you. In all honesty, puppies and pirates are a lot easier to write. But history is history, and it deserves to be remembered.
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  128. I may do an episode on those lions some day.
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  129. That is a fair comment, in that some of the damage estimates were based on the assumption that more munitions were still on board than showed in the UK 2000 survey of the wreck. If it were the initial estimate of as much as 3500 tonnes it would have exceeded the Halifax explosion. But the new estimate of 1400 tonnes is smaller, and, in fact, smaller than the Port Chicago explosion. Still, the proximity to populated areas of the Richard Montgomery makes the devastation of the Halifax explosion a stark warning to the surrounding areas.
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  130. m b there is a project in production.
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  131. We understand that some viewers preferred not to have Sabaton in the background. Check out their new single here: https://youtu.be/jkgTu5ljlfo
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  132. Yes, the High Seas fleet is the world's primary source of low-background steel.
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  133. Corrections (thanks to viewers.) I apologize for the pronunciation of "Groton" and "Polaris." USS Halibut was nuclear powered, not diesel. Polaris was replaced first by Poseidon before Trident.
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  134. Apparently so. I suspect they were purchased in the even of a confederate raid that made it into the city. I wonder what weaponry they have in there today.
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  135. At the very end i say "Royal Army. That should be "British Army." I apologize for the error.
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  136. Obviously some scammer has decided to trade on my fame. They say impersonation is the sincerest form of flattery... To be clear: I do not use "WhatsApp," and if I respond to a comment, I do not fill the comment with blue hearts. The impersonator has been reported, but please do not respond to them.
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  137. I misstated the year of Warren G. Harding's death, which came in 1923. I apologize for the error. Of course I expected that this topic would spark discussion of current politics. Obviously I stopped at 1967 because I don't prefer to engage in current politics. For those of you who choose to, your comments are appreciated, but please keep the discussion civil.
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  138. At the start I say that Jackie Cochran was born in 1936. That is a misspeak- she was born in 1906. I apologize for the error. While it seems trivial, it is important to the WASP- the name Women Airforce Service Pilots is already plural. They referred to themselves as WASP, not WASPs.
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  139. At the beginning I mentioned the "Empress of India." In fact the ship was the "Empress of Ireland." I apologize for the error. Several people have mentioned that Newfoundland was its own colony at the time, and that "Canada" hadn't even been established yet. However, as Canada exists today, and Newfoundland is part of Canada today, I think that it is fair to call this Canadian history.
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  140. Some people have taken issue with the assessment in the introduction from Scientific American regarding deaths due to heat versus cold. This conclusion is controversial, depending upon the method used to determine deaths, leading to disagreement even among US Governmental Agencies. Certainly I meant no agenda by quoting Scientific American. There is an interesting discussion of why the disagreement here: https://www.wunderground.com/cat6/Which-Kills-More-People-Extreme-Heat-or-Extreme-Cold
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  141. I say that the 15 inch guns are "650 feet long." While that would be impressive, of course, it is incorrect. The Barrels are, in fact, 650 inches long. I am sorry for misspeaking. Since making this episode we have moved from Patreon to TheHistoryGuyGuild.locals.com.
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  142. There seems to be a great deal of confusion regarding the meaning of the term "intersex." The Cleveland Clinic describes "intersex" as: "People who are intersex have genitals, chromosomes or reproductive organs that don’t fit into a male/female sex binary. Their genitals might not match their reproductive organs, or they may have traits of both. Being intersex may be evident at birth, childhood, later in adulthood or never. Being intersex isn’t a disorder, disease or condition." In Pulaski's case, his documented history suggests he might never have been aware of being intersex, nor was is outwardly evident even to a physician. The most notable effect is that his skeletal remains presented with female characteristics, making his identification difficult. I have no agenda in stating the facts of the case, and those attributing political motives to me reporting these facts are incorrect. A couple of viewers have questioned the title "Emperor of Poland." That is a fair point. Stanislaw II was king of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania.
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  143. It is disconcerting for me as well. When the history of The History Guy is history.
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  144. Many of the women profiled here do not have photographs that are in the Public Domain. Likewise, most of his artistic works created after 1924 have also not entered the Public Domain. As ever, we respect copyright, so please excuse us where we do not have a photograph of the subject.
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  145. Jeff Rasberry for naval guns the caliber is a measure of barrel length. Forty-five caliber means a barrel 45 times as long as the bore diameter. It is not the same as a .45 caliber handgun.
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  146. The newspaper headline in the June 10, 1943 Brisbane Courier-Mail read “Lightning Kills ‘Gator.”
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  147. The date of the sinking of the Warrimoo was May 17 1918, not 1914. I am sorry for the error. Of course many are arguing that the new century began on January 1, 1901, rather then 1900. In fact, popular celebrations and perception have historically focused on when the significant digits in the date change, that is when the year begins with "19" rather than "18", and it is as entirely proper to utilize that commonly recognized convention as it is to recognize imaginary lines around the planet. There has been some great discussion here, but I do feel that some seem to be missing the point. The story is not so much about the exact position of the ship, but about what is possible. Regardless of whether the Warrimoo could actually find a coordinate, stay on position on that coordinate, or whether the century starts at 00 or 01, the unique confluence of arbitrarily created conventions offers an interesting thought experiment on possibilities. If you are worried about exactitude, you might be missing that the entire story is about whimsy, and demonstrates the idea that we may take all of our made up conventions all too seriously.
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  148. A viewer pointed out that British volunteer James Sutherland, while seriously wounded, recovered rather than being killed as I say in the episode. I apologize for the error.
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  149. It was my pleasure! Thank you for the question. I have wanted to do an episode on Flight Officer Trigg, but haven't been able to put it all together yet. I agree about Hollywood. There are so many compelling stories, and yet so much of what we get is fictionalized. I sincerely do not understand why big budget films like Saving Private Ryan or Red Tails or Fury, all of whom aimed, with varying success, for historical accuracy, chose fictional story-lines when there are so many great completely real stories of the Second World War to tell. Ken Taylor was on record with his very low opinion of Jerry Bruckheimer's Pearl Harbor, which, honestly, I found nearly unwatchable. And, occasionally, there are egregious Hollywood crimes against history like the 2000 film U-571. I do certainly wish that entertainment would strive to help people become more informed about history, rather than more misinformed. Education is decentralized in America, and very much affected by political agendas and budgets.There is some excellent curricula provided by a non-for-profit organization called the College Board, but relatively few students take the courses, and many do not have access to them. To be honest, even US college graduates struggle to name the US Vice President, more or less show an understanding of Historical events. We are frequently embarrassed by on the street interviews where Americans can't name the opponents in the U.S..Civil War. The study of history has always been impacted by politics. There is a brief discussion of that in my Mary Seacole episode, where there has been a lengthy discussion among British educators of how to present Mary Seacole versus Florence Nightingale, or even whether that time would be better spent on Winston Churchill and Oliver Cromwell. I largely try to avoid, or, at least, present from a neutral stance, topics that are historically controversial, but am not always successful at avoiding controversy. I can simply say that I am happy to be a "hobby historian" who can go where my passion takes me.
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  150. There is a lot of discussion over the meaning of "the first celebrity." The term has often been used to apply to Sarah Bernhardt because of her early understanding of manipulating an image via mass media, setting, in many ways, the blueprint for the modern concept of celebrity. But such terms are always subjective and, to a point, hyperbolic, and the use of the moniker in the title was not meant to denigrate the many famous people throughout history. Of course, respectful discussion on the subject is welcome.
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  151. A couple of viewers have noted that I mention antibiotics when referencing a 2006 study in the conclusion. Antibiotics do not treat nor prevent viral infections like influenza. The reason that they are mentioned is that viral infections can, in a number of ways, reduce the body’s defenses and allow a secondary bacterial infection. In the case of the 1918 pandemic, the H1N1 virus often resulted in a secondary infection of bacterial pneumonia that was often the actual cause of death. As the pandemic occurred a decade before the discovery of antibiotics, many people died who might be saved today. However, the conclusion of the US Armed Forces Institute of Pathology analysis is that even with modern antibiotics to treat secondary bacterial infections, a new pandemic could still be very deadly. Today we have antiviral medications, which are frequently prescribed to lesson the severity of an influenza infection. As with antibiotics, if those are prescribed by your doctor, take them according to instructions. Although antiviral medications work differently than antibiotics, there is a similar medical concern that not taking a full course may encourage the occurrence of viral strains that are resistant to the medication. Doctors emphasize that you should take the entire course of the medication as prescribed.
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  152. As many viewers have noted, I occasionally in the video say “Dominica,” which is a different nation than the Dominican Republic. I apologize for the error.
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  153. He seems to have always taken the incident with a sense of humor. Remarkable, given his injuries.
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  154. Just so we are all clear, I do not advocate nor support piracy.
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  155. Your teacher was wrong. There is clear reporting in contemporary newspapers. Sorry to hear about your grade!
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  156. As several viewers have noticed, I misstate how leap years work under the Gregorian calendar. Under the Calendar, each year that is evenly divisible by 4 is a leap year, except those years that are evenly divisible by 100, which are not leap years unless they are evenly divisible by 400. I apologize for the mistake.
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  157. Wow! Quite a family history!
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  158. "Tora" was a nick-name for Victoria
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  159. As many viewers noticed, at the start I say 1920 when I should have said 1820. I apologize for the mistake.
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  160. He volunteered for the Boer war, but was refused due to age- ironic, as Lord Roberts was six years his senior. During the Great War he was an honorary colonel, and so presented troops to his majesty.
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  161. Some viewers have noticed that there is a TV antenna in the picture of the Shue house. While that is purportedly a photo of the actual house, it was taken years after the event.
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  162. Dean Stuart thank you for the corrections! Wow but Derbyshire is not at all pronounced as it is spelled. I am reminded of the George Bernard Shaw comment about us being two people separated by a common language. I will aim for better in future. I should have said the armored units were of the British Sixth Armored Division, not the Sixth Army.
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  163. Several viewers have noted that Aberdeenshire is in Scotland rather than England.
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  164. We've run into issues here and there, but this was our first restriction for "nudity." Lesson learned, can't show pics of Africans dressing like Africans...
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  165. I do plan an episode on BA 5390, yes. Another harrowing flight!
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  166. There is a lot of discussion over the name of Elizabeth Tower. This is my understanding from the official page of Parliament: The tower was never named St Stephen's Tower. That misconception apparently came because newspapers used to refer to actions of parliament as "coming from St Stephens." That was not a reference to the Clock Tower, but to the fact that MPs originally sat in St Stephen's Hall. Prior to being officially named "The Elizabeth Tower" in 2012 the tower was only ever officially referred to as the "Clock Tower." The actual tower named St Stephen's Tower is positioned in the middle of the west front of the Palace, between Westminster Hall and Old Palace Yard, and houses the public entrance to the Houses of Parliament, known as St Stephen's Entrance. Victoria Tower, at the south-west end, is the tallest of towers of the Palace of Westminster. The large bell is commonly called by the nickname Big Ben, but is actually officially named "the Great Bell." As to using the nickname Big Ben, the official page of Parliament acknowledges that "The name Big Ben is often used to describe the tower, the clock and the bell but the name was first given to the Great Bell."
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  167. Sorry for the error on the title.
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  168. As many have noted, I accidentally reverse Upper and Lower Canada in the narration. I apologize for the error. The map shown is correct.
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  169. I am sorry to inform you that your time in high school is now history... ;)
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  170. Many viewers have noted that Herbert Marshall starred opposite Bette Davis, not Marlene Dietrich, in "The Letter" (1940.) He starred opposite Marlene Dietrich in "Angel" (1937). I am sorry for the mistake.
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  171. I may do an episode on the Katyn massacre.
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  172. A viewer noticed that the name of Lt. Thomas O'Hagan, 43, was not on the scroll at the end. According to a memorial in the New York Times, Lt O'Hagen, who came from a family of Police Officers, decided to become a firefighter when he attempted to stamp out a fire at age 7. He left behind his wife, Andrea, who described him in a memorial as "a true gentleman, a very warm, giving person," and twin sons, Patrick and Pierce. I apologize to Andrea, Patrick and Pierce, that his name was missing from the list I used, and it has been added for when we next post the video. Also left off the list was Battalion Chief Orio Joseph Palmer, age 45. Palmer was a marathon runner and, according to the 9/11 memorial museum, "was considered to be one of the most knowledgeable men in the FDNY." His wife Debbie, said that he “loved goofing around with his three children and nieces and nephews.” He was on the 78th floor of the South Tower when it collapsed. I sincerely apologize that his name was exclude from the scroll. If anyone notices any other names missing, please let me know either in a comment or at THG@TheHistoryGuy.net. I would also like to recognize these 27 FDNY heroes who the Department recognized this year as having since died of 9/11 related illnesses: Firefighter Owen T. Carlock of Ladder Company 122, Brooklyn. Firefighter Robert M. Gless of Engine Company 329, Rockaway, Queens. Firefighter John B. O’Brien of Engine Company 329, Rockaway, Queens. Firefighter James J. Hurson of Engine Company 318, Brooklyn. Captain Robert E. Collis of Engine Company 304, Queens Village, Queens. Firefighter Joseph Walsh of Ladder Company 32, Bronx. Auto Mechanic James J. Sottile, FDNY Shops Bureau. Firefighter Joseph R. Losinno of Engine Company 302, Jamaica, Queens. Firefighter Robert B. Fitzgibbon of Engine Company 47, Morningside Heights. Firefighter Walter E. McKee of Battalion 39, Brooklyn. Firefighter John W. Boyle of Rescue 1, Manhattan. Firefighter Roger Espinal of Engine Company 320, Auburndale, Queens. Firefighter Richard J. Tanagretta of Rescue 5, Staten Island. Firefighter Andrew S. Gargiulo of Engine Company 160, Staten Island. Lieutenant Richard G. Estreicher of Engine Company 248, Brooklyn. Firefighter Clifford R. DiMuro of Ladder Company 137, Rockaway Park, Queens. Captain Dennis M. Gilhooly of Engine Company 67, Washington Heights. Firefighter Brian W. Casse of Engine Company 294, Richmond Hill, Queens. Firefighter Michael L. Feldman of Ladder Company 161, Brooklyn. Firefighter Richard B. Jones of Ladder Company 25, Upper West Side. Lieutenant Paul W. Deo Jr. of Engine Company 317, St. Albans, Queens. Firefighter Joseph A. Hatzelman of Engine Company 218, Brooklyn. Firefighter Daniel R. Foley of Rescue 3, Bronx. Battalion Chief of Dennis J. Moynihan of Battalion 18, Bronx. Firefighter John H. Marr of Engine Company 34, Midtown Manhattan. Lieutenant Kevin C. Dunn of Engine Company 251, Glen Oaks, Queens. Firefighter Paul J. Greco of Squad Company 270, Richmond Hill, Queens.
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  173. Yet another impersonator trying to scam you. I will never ask you to contact me on Whatsapp.
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  174. I will have an episode out on the Brodie helmet eventually.
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  175. Some viewers have expressed a concern regarding Patreon. I understand your concerns, and, of course, whether you choose to become a patron is completely you choice. But my channel is not the forum for people to express their disagreements with Patreon.
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  176. If you hadn't nailed him to his perch he'd be pushing up the daisies...
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  177. I may do an episode on them in the future.
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  178. don't drag me into your politics.
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  179. Agreed, the seagoing services do like to stress "always" in their mottos. Marines are always loyal, Coasties are always ready, and Sailors are always courageous. Space Force has decided they are "always above." The Army and Air Force don't, apparently, speak Latin.
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  180. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!  Maori words are very difficult for westerners, and there are few useful language guides to help. I am sorry for pronunciation errors.
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  181. Several viewers have questioned the pronunciation of Seeadler harbor. For pronunciation we use Google Translate and Pronounce Wiki. I used the US pronunciation because the sailors were Americans. However, interviews with veterans suggests that most of the American sailors called the harbor Manus harbor. To clarify the comment about sailor William Knight, the contention is not that he was Al Capone, but that he was Al Capone’s unacknowledged son. While the story of his injury by shrapnel is accurately recorded, the conclusion about his parentage is still a matter of dispute.
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  182. I wanted to include it, but there just was not time. Maybe another episode.
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  183. They were taken from decommissioned pre-dreadnought battleships.
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  184. Truth be told, I didn’t know that. But, when in doubt, it is never grammatically incorrect to fully pronounce an acronym.
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  185. There have been several comments on pronunciation. I do apologize. I mean no offense, as an unrepentant tourist, by not pronouncing things as if I am a local. British places names are particularity difficult, as not only do they seem to ignore rules of pronouncing the English language generally, they do not follow a consistent set of rules themselves. That is part of the nature of a country where even the names have such long history. The street is St James's street, not St James street. That is grounded in how the street got its name, and I did make that error a few times in the narration. For that I truly apologize.
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  186. Well, a newspaper did speculate that it was done by Americans bent on “plunder.”
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  187. Several viewers have pointed out that the name "Chomondelay" is pronounced "Chumley."
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  188. Given the fate of the Shenandoah, it is terrifying to think of this thing crossing the Midwest.
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  189. For submarines, that would be more horizontally challenged.
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  190. Several viewers have commented on the pronunciation of “Dumas.” As, of course, a channel based in America, we used the accepted American pronunciation of the name. I apologize if that has caused any offense.
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  191. In a couple of places I mention the "casement." I am told that the appropriate term is "casemate." I am sorry for the error.
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  192. I actually was a Communication professor.
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  193. I use a program called Viddyozde that has hundreds of templates. I wish they always had one that fit as well as it did for this episode.
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  194. He was actually cool, and he apologized. But his complaint was fair- I am occasionally sloppy on the terminology with England/GB/UK.
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  195. T M you are frankly and wholly incorrect on your assertion that I “bash the USA.” I have no such agenda, and no fair appreciation of the work of this channel can support such a ridiculous charge. I present history. I do so with the intent of presenting it as faithfully to the historical record as I can. I do that without agenda. History is history, and if history casts a negative pall on any entity, then that is reality. I have been repeatedly accused of the exact opposite of your claim. That is indicative of the fact that both judgements are derived not from my presentation of history, but from your confirmation biases. The agenda is yours, not mine. I respect this nation, its history, and very much its veterans who have sacrificed on its behalf. It is because I respect this nation that I do not attempt to sanitize its history. We are strong enough, as a nation, to own up to our past for good and for ill. Those who assert otherwise are the ones doing the bashing. Don’t foist your political agendas on my telling of history.
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  196. LOL
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  197. Thankfully far fewer shots today.
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  198. In the conclusion I say that Kefauver ran as Stevenson's running mate in 1960. Of course that was actually 1956. I apologize for the error. A few viewers have complained. To be clear, the animated logo at the start is not intended to encourage vandalism.
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  199. Would love to come confirm that myself some day!
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  200. Well, a VEI 7 eruption is slightly larger than a butterfly...
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  201. At the start I say only .0001% of the census survived. I did the math wrong. The surviving records represent .01%. I apologize for the error.
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  202. Eamonn Prunty I did the appeal, and the demonetization was upheld without explanation. And, we have found, even when the manual review finds the video appropriate, that decision can be reversed, or the video can be deemed “age-restricted,” which also prevents monetization. It is a small percentage on my channel. But when I put effort into content, I never know if YT might randomly prevent me earning income. I can say, by what has been restricted on my channel, that the standards are so inconsistent as to seem either random or capricious.
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  203. Mike Brown I tend to agree. But, to be fair, these are different times, and we don't see an enemy as clearly as we did in WWII. There are some stars- like Gary Sinise and his foundation- that very much stand up for veterans, and quite a few visited troops in Iraq and Afghanistan. But it is hard to see a conflict where so many stood up as they did in WWII.
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  204. Sponsored by Magellan TV.
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  205. Keith Fronk I gave it short shrift here because I hope to get back to it with its own episode.
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  206. Episode sponsored by Magellan TV. Get MagellanTV here: https://try.magellantv.com/historyguy/ & get an exclusive offer extended to our viewers: an extra month FREE. MagellanTV is a new kind of streaming service run by filmmakers with 2,000+ documentaries! Check out our personal recommendation and MagellanTV’s exclusive playlists: https://www.magellantv.com/explore/history
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  207. A few viewers have mentioned that some of the images are not of Portuguese ships. Those are paintings of vessels of the type used in the battle. Images are for illustration only, as there are often not enough images available of the actual event being described.
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  208. Maybe Johnson was a pirate. He got that money somehow.
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  209. This episode is sponsored by Dashlane
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  210. Half-Life player I assume...
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  211. In 1925 the legendary commandant of the Marine Corps John Archer Lejeune settled on gold and scarlet as the official colors of the corps, reasoning that the colors had been used on the uniforms of officers and men of the Marine Corps most consistently since the inception of the Marine Corps. The U.S. Marine Corps had used a number of different flags to that point, including blue from 1913 - 1939, and during a redesign in 1939 the flag of the corps was revised to match those official colors.
    83
  212. LOL She says "thank you."
    82
  213. Good point, although K-141 did not end in 9 and that was a pretty sad way to die as well.
    82
  214. Sponsored by MagellanTV - a new streaming service with 1500+ documentaries worth watching. The first 100 people who visit The History Guy link below will receive your first one-month free trial. MagellanTV - https://www.magellantv.com/historyguy History playlist - https://www.magellantv.com/explore/history
    81
  215. As several viewers have noted, Vladimir Lenin died in 1924, not 1929. I apologize for the error.
    81
  216. Tabrez victims of my mad eBay skillz.
    81
  217. This is an updated version. The previous upload had an error causing skipping during the conclusion. Also corrected a couple of factual errors.
    80
  218. Kulka very nearly went down like Slim Pickens.
    80
  219. I dunno, there is a yet another new Halloween movie out, implying that such villains never go away...
    80
  220. It is comic how that changed. 19th century British generals had some of the most impressive moustaches that I have ever seen in photographs.
    80
  221. Unlike most allied AA guns, the 8.8 was equipped with a high quality optical sight for ground targets and ammunition specifically designed for the anti-tank role.
    79
  222. We didn’t include Peeps because they are almost exclusively an Easter treat rather than Halloween. Maybe in another episode.
    79
  223. Carmichael did, in fact, have five children. Their mother was the Carmichael's secretary at the company, and was apparently in on the fraud and one of those indicted.
    78
  224. He back tracked several times, although it isn’t cleat if he was wearing the shoes backwards or was walking backwards.
    77
  225. Doug Mcdonell according to the CAB report, the equipment was being tested in “lock on,” which focused on a single target to the exclusion of all others. Douglas released a statement saying that it was impossible for the F-89s radar to see the DC-9.
    77
  226. Get MagellanTV here: https://try.magellantv.com/historyguy/ & get an exclusive offer extended to our viewers: an extra month FREE. MagellanTV is a new kind of streaming service run by filmmakers with 2,000+ documentaries! Check out our personal recommendation and MagellanTV’s exclusive playlists: https://www.magellantv.com/explore/history
    77
  227. It must be convenient to have a National Battlefield in town. In addition to an important site historically, it is simply a beautiful park.
    77
  228. The Emus put up a better fight.
    77
  229. We'll put out an episode on that some time.
    76
  230. TheTruth LOL I am not convinced that bringing back dueling would a good idea.
    76
  231. Hear hear!
    76
  232. Some viewers have objected to calling Sweyn Forkbeard a "Norwegian king." It is a fair criticism. While was king of Norway during the period discussed in the episode, he was also king of Denmark, from a Danish dynasty, and more properly called a Danish King. Some also have noted that Danegold is actually "Danegeld." I apologize for the errors.
    76
  233. History can be quite emotional.
    75
  234. I imagine any sniper would be rather startled to have a 5" or 14" shell interrupt their party.
    74
  235. It was a notable gap in his otherwise impressive resume. However, the boat used to escape Devil's Island was stolen. They lured them in pretending to be interested in buying fish, overpowered the crew, and took the boat. So he did take a ship at sea, which is pretty much piracy.
    74
  236. Me too, All they did was shrink a bottle of whisky.
    74
  237. Thank you. He was with us nineteen years, and we will miss him greatly.
    74
  238.  @colormedubious4747  The video was already longer than my usual fifteen minute time frame. I also did not mention that the series of earthquakes created Reelfoot Lake. There is only so much I can fit in an episode, and I wanted to focus on the eyewitness survivor accounts.
    73
  239. I am totally aware. I briefly quoted a newspaper story on it.
    73
  240. I am always humbled by that comparison. I would say that Paul Harvey is one of my inspirations.
    73
  241. Several viewers are questioning the claim of "most successful race car in history." Part of the point, actually, was to spark a discussion, as that sort of discussion makes history fun. Realize, though, that the Boyle Special was a single car- not a car model, but just one car. What single race car had a better record?
    73
  242. How far can we get on one engine? All the way to the scene of the crash.
    73
  243. His name is little known outside Australia.
    72
  244. Occasionally I use the term “destroyer” to refer to destroyer escorts. To be clear, destroyer escorts like USS England were a different, smaller ship class than a destroyer. I apologize for any confusion.
    71
  245. A few viewers have mentioned that I say that Bugs Moran died in prison at Fort Leavenworth. In fact, he died in Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary in Leavenworth Ks. I am sorry for the error.
    70
  246. Mentioned in this episode: https://youtu.be/J9IabP_W3SM
    70
  247. Speaking personally, I do think that they have rather lost their way.
    68
  248. Get MagellanTV here: https://try.magellantv.com/historyguy/ & get an exclusive offer extended to our viewers: an extra month FREE. MagellanTV is a new kind of streaming service run by filmmakers with 2,000+ documentaries! Check out our personal recommendation and MagellanTV’s exclusive playlists: https://www.magellantv.com/explore/history
    67
  249. In answer to some of the questions here: No we do not plan to replace our video format with podcasts, and plan to continue releasing videos on our regular schedule. The History Guy podcasts are posted every two weeks, and are available via all the popular podcast apps. We decided to post here on YT as well, as several people asked to have them posted here. We plan to post a podcast every other Tuesday in addition to our regular Monday/Wednesday/Friday video schedule. While most of the content from the podcasts is from videos that have been posted on THG, with some additional commentary, we will be posting some unique subjects on the podcast as well. Josh is my son and a lead writer on the channel who has written many of your favorite episodes of THG.
    67
  250. It is not in the public domain but it is on YT. It is rather disturbing.
    67
  251. Great story!
    67
  252.  @acs9289  that is my objective
    67
  253. I am old enough to know how significant a compliment that is. Thank you!
    66
  254. Actually history of invention has always been part of the vision, and we've covered a lot of odd stuff.
    66
  255. Several people talk about ancient references to giants. In a simply sense, we cannot guarantee the height of anyone in the ancient record. The founders of Guinness World Records explain: "The only admissible evidence upon the true height of giants is that of recent date made under impartial medical supervision." Robert Wadlow is, therefore, "the tallest man of whom there is irrefutable evidence". Certainly he was the tallest man measured in the time since the foot was standardized. The possibility of ancient giants does not, in my opinion, detract from his story.
    66
  256. It is in the caption of the official marine photo that she ate the hat.
    66
  257. I write about half the episodes myself, but also have a writer on staff. The author is always credited in the description.
    65
  258. A few viewers have mentioned that, while Wikipedia describes the Juan Sebastian as a barquentine, the foremast includes a fore and aft sail, making the ship instead a topsail schooner. That detail is incorrect on my model. I apologize for the error.
    65
  259. https://pantagraph.com/news/state-and-regional/illinois-man-known-as-the-history-guy-tops-1-million-subscribers-on-youtube/article_cad6096d-32e4-539e-99a3-c4bafa031df1.html
    65
  260. January 20 is the anniversary of the release of the Joint Action Group report in 1965. I had no idea, when this was posted, that the President would be talking about Mars in his inaugural address.
    65
  261. Sure they learned from Halifax. They learned to keep the munitions terminal secret.
    65
  262. John Doe I never mean to be misleading. I can’t fabricate pictures that weren’t taken, and only use what is in the public domain. I note that the pictures are for illustration and may not represent the actual event in the description on every episode.
    64
  263. Whether any of the cats appear in a video is completely up to the cat.
    64
  264. LOL
    64
  265. LOL
    64
  266. Applause
    64
  267. Grierson's cavalry raid was pretty piratical.
    64
  268. Lockbar the only way to win is... not to play.
    64
  269. LOL
    64
  270. Yes, it was the famous broadcaster’s grandfather.
    64
  271. Thank you! I did the best i could with the pronunciations while trying not to sound like I was faking an Australian accent. It was, I would say, easier that pronouncing Maori place names.
    64
  272. Correct
    63
  273.  @dontgetaboveyourreason  I have no agenda to hide political affiliation. It is fair to say that, for example, the legislature that created the poll taxes that disenfranchised Black people and kept them off juries in Arkansas was dominated by Democrats. But Thomas McRae, the Governor who granted clemency to six of the Arkansas 12 , was also a Democrat. The Mayor of Chicago at the time of the riot was William Thompson, the last Republican Mayor of Chicago. Edward Parsons Smith, the Mayor of Omaha who tried to stop the mob from lynching Will Brown, and nearly was lynched himself as a result, was a Democrat. I am honestly not sure of your point- you seem to be impressing your own political biases in some way. As these events occurred across the nation, it is difficult to see it as a uniquely single party issue.
    63
  274. I just don't think that every moment of every day has to be filled with political outrage. History tells me that, regardless of current politics, we've survived worse. I just want to tell stories of history. That is my passion. If "burgeoning tyranny" is yours, can't you find plenty of places to talk about that elsewhere?
    63
  275. I am sorry to sound defensive, but to be completely clear, this is a podcast. If you do not prefer the podcast format, then don't listen. We produce podcasts every other Tuesday and offer them wherever podcasts are found. In addition, we post them after about a month delay here on YT because some of our audience has requested them. We fully understand that it is not the preference of all THG fans, but no one is required to listen to all our content. We continue to post our new video content usually every Monday, Wednesday and Friday. The podcast is posted here in addition to that schedule for those that enjoy the format.
    63
  276. Fair point- I suppose Mr Walters could have fit the narrative.
    62
  277. Seth Green that one is named Lucky. She is our shy cat. I snuck in a take when she wasn’t looking.
    62
  278. 34 years ago...
    62
  279. We aspire to remain true to our focus on relatively obscure or forgotten history.
    61
  280. subhadeep banerjee Look to Nanking and tell me the British were worse. The episode doesn’t whitewash the empire in any way, and it accurately describes to battle. Your anger at years of imperialism is fair, but you have carried that too far here. Nothing that you have claimed denies the accuracy of the information in the episode. If you feel so strongly about describing the INA and its role in these battles, then make a video and post it to YouTube. I would be happy to display the link here.
    61
  281. WICKED!!!!
    61
  282. Deborah Phillips and lucky for Pan Am. Buying whisky for a whole carrier group would have been expensive.
    61
  283. Yes, there is a fee for entry and extra for special exhibits. It is in the old courthouse, and has an operating speakeasy in the basement. The museum has an extraordinary collection in a building with amazing history, and, IMHO, is well worth the price of admission.
    61
  284. As numerous viewers have commented, I mispronounce Beaufort, SC. I apologize for the error.
    61
  285. "loss incident" is the Air Force term, and I suspect it is intended to make it sound less egregious than "bombed South Carolina."
    60
  286. "Throw a wrench in the works" is the common US version of the phrase.
    60
  287.  @crpgap9595  I have no idea why the term would be described as "loaded." It is the accepted medical term, and Dr Goldschmidt was a respected scientist (albeit with a controversial theory of macroevolution.) I have never seen it used in a political sense, but it is undeniably used in a medical and scientific sense. Avoiding the term because some might choose to irrationally attach politics to it would be poor history. What is your proposed alternative?
    60
  288. As several viewers have noted, The Starry Night is in the Museum of Modern Art, not the Metropolitan Museum of Art. https://www.youtube.com/momavideos
    59
  289. Get MagellanTV here: https://try.magellantv.com/historyguy/ & get an exclusive offer extended to our viewers: an extra month FREE. MagellanTV is a new kind of streaming service run by filmmakers with 2,000+ documentaries! Check out our personal recommendation and MagellanTV’s exclusive playlists: https://www.magellantv.com/explore/history.
    59
  290. What a sad world it would be if all historians agreed. I respect your opinion. I also stand by my comment. History is not accurately told if it only includes the perspective of Europeans.
    58
  291. How is this some "version of history?" This sting happened- whether you approve of the war on drugs or not, it actually happened. How is the historian responsible for the fact that history happened? I am not challenging anyone's disagreement with the war on drugs. That is not what this channel is for. If you want to rant on politics there are literally hundreds of millions of places where you can do so on the world wide web.
    58
  292. Good point- I should have mentioned that the Ibis is considered a symbol of hurricanes.
    58
  293. Lol
    58
  294. The trees were used for both food and drink. But, as apples are extreme heterozygotes, the odds of an eating apple were relatively small, while virtually any apple can be turned into cider.
    57
  295. Yes, he was the one most likely to consent to filming. He was a very friendly chap, and a good good boy.
    57
  296. "Chubby" is a kind description for that one.
    56
  297. Numerous viewers have noticed that I misspoke and said 2:64 when the time was 2:54.
    56
  298. At 2:12 I mislabel BOAC. The correct name is British Overseas Airways Corporation. I apologize for the error. The plane pictured at 2:27 is a Martin M-130, not a Boeing 314. The Martin was a similarly sized flying boat also used by Pan Am. The Pan Am building pictured at 3:10 was a later building, built in 1960. (It is now the MetLife building.) At the time of the landing, the official name of the Airport in New York was "New York Municipal Airport." While it had not yet been officially named LaGuardia, the name "LaGuardia field" was commonly used in newspapers at the time, and I chose to use the more familiar name. The reason that the Pacific Clipper was instructed to circle for an hour was that the plane arrived at 6 AM and the airport did not officially open until 7. Several viewers have noted that this story would make a good motion picture. According to IMDb, a project entitled "Escape of the Pacific Clipper" is "in development." https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1059788/
    56
  299. Michael Chrest I an telling history, not judging it.
    56
  300. All true
    56
  301. Thank you for your service.
    56
  302. He had not been in the loop at all. It is really rather impressive how quickly he rose to the occasion.
    56
  303. That is a fair comment. It is a challenge every time you say "first" or "most." The issue with Cannae is that casualty numbers from ancient times are difficult to determine, as period accounts tended towards hyperbole. Some modern estimates place Roman casualties at Cannae in the 10- 16,000 range.
    56
  304. Watson was most often the narrator, and had to be dim enough that Holmes had to constantly explain things to him. If Watson understood all that Holmes did, then Doyle had no artifice to use to explain Holmes’ thinking.
    56
  305. RemzofFrance I agree. The American sacrifice cannot be forgotten, but it doesn't compare to that of France or Britain or Italy. And yes, I plan to do more episodes on the Great War. Thank you for watching!
    55
  306. Drchainsaw77 frankly, that is not a fight I want to pick on this channel. What good does that do? You can call Carmichael whatever you wish.
    55
  307. Kenneth Reeves several episodes have been demonitized, but only a handful compared to all the content. However, the rules are so obtuse and YT so absurdly unhelpful, that it is clear that the whole channel is at risk. I think creators and viewers need to push back.
    55
  308. I agree- it wasn't photos of a topless beach for pity sakes. Sometime the rules seem rather mindless. But they do not preclude telling the history.
    55
  309. He did- I did not include the story because I felt the background and context would have taken too much time. Bennie Reeves was convicted for the murder and served time in Fort Leavenworth prison. Bass Reeves was also himself accused of murder, although he was acquitted.
    55
  310. That is a fair point, and somewhat ironic given what is happening to malls today.
    54
  311. American Samoa yields the highest rate of military enlistment of any U.S. state or territory.
    54
  312. At the time “cow hand” would be the more common term for someone who handled cattle.
    54
  313. History has perspective, but it doesn't have to be political. The job of the historian is to inform people about the past so that they can make their own decisions about the present. Be skeptical of the "historian" who is trying to tell you how to think about the present, as you cannot trust their telling of the past. That we cannot completely divorce ourselves from politics does not mean that we should not honestly strive to tell history based on fact, not for motive. It is not only rude and an overstep to insist that I should "step up and make a point," it is poor history. And golly, there are plenty of places to yell about "Tyranny." It is no small demand to reserve a bit of the vast internet for telling stories about history that deserve to be remembered.
    54
  314. Certainly was hard to kill
    54
  315. Andy Lord I have mad research skillz. ;)
    54
  316. Pirated stories about pirates.
    53
  317. I planned to touch on that incident in the conclusion, but time was already short. He was seeing a radar echo, and reasoned that, if the US was really attacking, they would send more than four missiles.
    53
  318. Some viewers have had difficulty with loading the game code. World of Warships gave us an updated link that should solve the problem. Please use the link http://bit.ly/2F3ihHf and the code PLAYLANGLEY2019. Some viewers have expressed dissatisfaction with us including the sponsored content. Please understand that we put a lot of time and effort into creating these videos, and that sponsorships help to compensate us for that effort. We are only trying to make a living. We appreciate our sponsors, and will not accept sponsors whose product we do not endorse.
    53
  319. I wish I could take credit. Whether the cat participates is entirely up to the cat.
    53
  320. The new kittens are fascinated with filming.
    52
  321. The temperature difference due to the gulf stream can, I am told, lead to strange atmospheric conditions.
    52
  322. Imagine how grumpy the monster would be with an infection...
    52
  323. For exclusive content, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    52
  324. I am sorry that it took me nearly a year before I saw this post. Thank you for the kind words! I sincerely hope to come visit your museum!
    52
  325. Why is there no Bonnacon in D&D? There really should be.
    51
  326. MrPh30 the Siberian cat is really interesting. It is a landrace. It was derived from domestic cats that escaped and became feral. They were geographically isolated enough to form their own traits (though not a subspecies) and has since been selectively bred.
    51
  327. I plan to keep going for a long time. There is an awful lot of history.
    51
  328. That is an interesting question. Certainly the influenza epidemic caused social tensions.
    51
  329. That is why I pick over the bones of history...
    51
  330. The video is not monetized, so Google doesn't care.
    51
  331. LOL
    51
  332. Part of the reason that there was so little consequence is that this sort of fraud wasn’t uncommon. Although the brakes on a plane offer exceptional consequences…
    51
  333. Not at all. Women began serving in the Marine corps reserve in the First World War (Opha May Johnson, the first official female US marine, enlisted in 1918.) Hundreds of females served in the Marines in World War 1, and thousands in World War II. Women were officially integrated into the regular forces (as opposed to the reserve) in 1948. Staff Sergeant Barbara Olive Barnwell became the first female Marine to be awarded the Navy and Marine Corps medal for saving a fellow Marine from drowning in the Atlantic Ocean in 1952, two years before Reckless' promotion to sergeant and seven years before her promotion to Staff Sergeant. Reckless was possibly, unique, however, for serving in a combat unit in the 1950s, as female marines were generally not allowed to serve in war zones at the time.
    51
  334. Shane Smyth - scale models some. The big U-boat was a gift from my wife’s family.
    51
  335. True story. it always surprises me too!
    50
  336. As some have noted, I say that Mary was James II only child, when, in fact, he had another daughter, Anne. Anne reigned after the death of William from 1702 - 1714. However, as both of James II's surviving daughters were protestant when he was crowned, and it seemed unlikely that James would father another child, the reasoning was the same. The birth of James Francis Edward Stuart, otherwise known as "the old pretender" changed the perception. I am sorry for the error. A few have mentioned that William and Mary were not of the House of Hanover. That is correct. After the death of Queen Anne in 1714 the crown went to the descendants of William's cousin, Sophia, Electress of Hanover. At the time of the Order of the Pug the English crown had been with the House of Hanover for 22 years, and it was, in fact, the Hanoverians that the Jacobites were opposing.
    50
  337. Cameron Sours LOL I had a paragraph written, but it just didn’t fit into the history. Yes, bananas are radioactive!
    50
  338. I am hoping that we have many years still to go to make those arrangements.
    50
  339. https://www.dailyherald.com/article/20190609/news/306099999
    50
  340. Yes, a Gorrie type device was used to make ice to help cool the president's room after he had been shot.
    50
  341. Yes,I did not tell that part of the story. Sipple was a former marine, clearly traumatized by both his service and the event, and ended up paying an unexpected high price for heroism.
    50
  342.  @lachesisatropos5139  I have not yet done an episode on the Carrington event, although it is certainly on my "to do" list.
    49
  343. I guess that depends upon where the class is taught. He is a very significant historical figure in South Africa. The Zulu are the largest ethnic group in South Africa today.
    49
  344. Thank you for reaching out! And thank you for your brave commitment in 1975. Volunteering took real courage, and saved the lives of the most vulnerable. You are appreciated. I agree- despite later criticisms, Operation Babylift was the right thing to do. What other choice did we have? Their lives here in America are a testament to the heroic actions of you and the other volunteers.
    49
  345. Six of the original ten companies were withdrawn from the attack, and Pershing ensured that sending US troops in under foreign command would not happen again. Monash spoke very highly of the Americans who fought at Hamel.
    49
  346. People often confuse the French Revolutionary Wars with the Napoleonic Wars. It was a period of near constant conflict.
    49
  347. I think it important that he actively avoided trading on his father's name.
    49
  348. and it went about as well as you would expect...
    48
  349. Mike Brown Pat Tillman was actually the example I was thinking of. Again, to be fair, we are not facing conflicts where such a high percentage of the population is under arms. We just don't see the whole nation mobilizing like World War II, so it is difficult to judge. And it is difficult to imagine a conflict that would draw the sort of national unity and patriotic zeal as we had fighting Hitler. But the political atmosphere is also much different in Hollywood today, and it does feel like the famous today are cut from different cloth.
    48
  350. Shawn R very easy, yes. I should actually take on a program more complex and flexible. I must stress, they don’t pay me for endorsement, but I highly recommend Viddyoze to anyone who wants to add a professional feel to a presentation without the cost and effort of hiring a professional,
    48
  351.  @harlech2  Respectfully, the 88 had a sight specifically designed for direct fire. The US Army technical manual explains: “The sighting and fire control equipment for the 8.8 cm Flak 18 or 36 varies depending on the use to which the weapon is put. The weapon can be used for direct fire as for antitank work, for indirect fire, or for anti aircraft fire.” The Zielfernrohr 20 telescopic gun sight was developed for direct fire. While the Allies had AA guns of comparable quality, they were not designed like the 8.8 to be used in the ground fire role. When eventually adapted to armor, they had to be heavily modified. The distinction of the 8.8 was not that it was an AA gun, but that it was designed- from weight, to carriage, to sights, to barrel design (barrels have to be replaced more often in the antitank role-hence the three part barrel) to crew training to be effective for both AA and direct fire. Allied guns were not. If the reason was “a gun with mechanics and optics designed to shoot down fast, high flying aircraft,” then the US 90 mm gun would have been used similarly. The KWK 36 used on the Tiger I really only modified the gun to fit the turret. Otherwise it was the same as the 8.8 cm Flak. The KWK 43 was an entirely different late war weapon built in competition with the larger 8.8 cm Flak 41.
    48
  352. I took the picture of Cavalla at 14:03 from the Bolivar ferry.
    48
  353. Wow, thank you!
    48
  354. Robert Chase you are demanding that I take a political stance. I will not sir. My only disclaimer is that I cannot stop you from choosing to be offended for my unwillingness to be held hostage to your political viewpoint.
    48
  355. Spinal Tap needs a drummer...
    48
  356. thedungeondelver I grew up watching World at War and Victory at Sea
    48
  357. The film is in the public domain and has great footage in a Connie cockpit. It also includes Eddie Rickenbacker.
    48
  358. Dar Stone he is a hero who deserves to be remembered. I am very happy if the video helps to keep his memory alive.
    47
  359. My bowtie is often askew.
    47
  360. Kevin Storms in fact, with all tracer rounds. One issue that has still not been clarified is whether they had been authorized to shoot the plane down.
    47
  361. It used to be in my mother's kitchen. I brought it down for the episode on chickens and it now lives on my desk.
    47
  362. "On April 16, 1965, a Columbus Georgia, Sergeant Birdsall captured a confederate flag." Huxxah! That is great family history- he deserves to be remembered. Thanks for sharing!
    47
  363. LOL
    46
  364. Thank you for commenting! I deliberately left out the earlier discovery of the leak - I had to cut for time and decided to jump right to the point of the accident. I had not heard the claim that Augusta hit another Soviet submarine. The navy only denied hitting K-219, and the Augusta only reported an "underwater collision." Do we know what happened to the other submarine?
    46
  365. Several viewers have taken issue with the note that Australians were only eligible for the Victoria Cross until 1991. To clarify, Australia left the British honors system in 1991, and Australians are no longer eligible for the Victoria Cross. Rather, the award was replaced within an Australian honors system, and is now called the Victoria Cross for Australia.
    46
  366. Both women were more motivated by making a statement- or trying to start an uprising- rather than anything about Ford personally.
    46
  367. I eagerly await their call...
    46
  368. "Sailors' Journey into War" by Robert Maher and James E Wise Jr well worth the read. https://www.amazon.com/Sailors-Journey-into-War-Captain/dp/0873385837
    46
  369. Buy a DNA kit here: https://bit.ly/TheHistoryGuy_MH. Use the discount code HISTORY for free shipping. As an added bonus, you can start a 30-day free trial of MyHeritage's best subscription for family history research - and enjoy a 50% discount if you decide to continue it.
    46
  370.  @jameswoodbury2806  I well might tell those stories. One has quite the story behind it. The other is more mysterious.
    46
  371. Get MagellanTV here: https://try.magellantv.com/historyguy/ & get an exclusive offer extended to our viewers: an extra month FREE. MagellanTV is a new kind of streaming service run by filmmakers with 2,000+ documentaries! Check out our personal recommendation and MagellanTV’s exclusive playlists: https://www.magellantv.com/explore/history. An earlier posting of this episode included an error about the planet's orbit.
    46
  372. Christian L Yes, I think I will have an episode on the Honda Point disaster some day.
    45
  373. You are correct, and I am sorry that I described it improperly. The geography makes sense, since the description in the famous ad talked about tracing the Missouri river to its source. Thanks you for the correction.
    45
  374. Recent DNA analysis done since the making of this video has narrowed the search, but still not positively established the true identity of Albert Johnson. https://dnasolves.com/articles/mad-trapper/
    45
  375. The Armistice Day blizzard was November 1940- these two blizzards occurred over the same winter.
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  376. @bledsoej101 that seems an odd reason to stop listening to someone, and I simply cannot be held responsible for your dogma. It is perplexing to me that people who draw such lines in the sand often complain, without understanding the irony, about "political correctness." To be clear, I am not advocating that B.C/A.D be replaced by BCE/CE. I use the terms interchangeably, as they both reference the same actual point in time. I am making no statement as to the historical basis for the dating system, nor denying the Christian impact on the calendar. It is meaningful that the calendar was based on an attempt to calculate the year of the birth of Christ, and that is an undeniable part of the history of the development of the calendar that I am, in no way, trying to deny. I am making no political statement whatsoever, seek to ignore the controversy as fabricated, and intend to continue interchangeably use the numerically equivalent terms. If patronizing my channel means that I am required to stick to terminology with which you approve, I do not agree to those conditions.
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  377. Just about, yes. Actually the Utah Navy was the first, St Vith was the second. Thanks for being a fan!
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  378. Thank you for your service!
    45
  379. Enjoy 10% off 6” and 8.5” MOVA Globes with code THEHISTORYGUY. Shop now at https://bit.ly/TheHistoryGuyMOVAGlobes
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  380. He was, perhaps, most funny in his reaction when a joke didn’t go over.
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  381. He used his bounty for joining the Union army to bring them over to the US. They traveled with him to his postings while in the army, and his wife and children were still alive when he died. He was, by all accounts, always a devoted father and husband.
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  382. That is an interesting argument that others have been making as well. I think it likely that the vast majority of bibles sold are read at some point. And some (at least one poll had about a third) Christians read from the bible daily- something that I don't think can be said of most people who read Harry Potter. Another thing skewing numbers is that various surveys suggest that many people own more than one Bible. (one survey suggested the American average is 3.6 copies per person.) I think it is a reasonable assertion that, since the Bible has sold somewhere around four times as many copies as any other book in the last fifty years, it is the most read. In any case, the historical significance of the book, and its translations, cannot be denied.
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  383. LOL
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  384. JAS Aerial that is actually part of the point. Man-made islands now represent more than just Maunsell forts. The point is that international law has to catch up with that fact.
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  385. marbleman52 you are not the only one to have noticed the similarity. https://www.historytoday.com/crispin-andrews/sherlock-holmes-and-beast-gevaudan
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  386.  @goldensilver793  Pulaski Day: An Updated the History Guy Episode https://youtu.be/OKEbBR4ekMQ
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  387. One of the warheads from NC was never recovered. Let's hope that link holds...
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  388. That was the double-standard that was challenged in this case.
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  389. We talk about those too...
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  390. True
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  391. Thank you for your service! Your nation appreciates your sacrifice. Merry Christmas!
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  392. He did. He originally enlisted with the 6th Arkansas and was captured at the battle of Shiloh. He was recruited to join the Union in the POW camp. The term for Confederates prisoners who enlisted for the Union was "Galvanized Yankees." He briefly served in the Union Army before moving to the merchant marine and then the Union Navy. He is thought to be the only man to have served in the Confederate Army, the Union Army and the Union Navy.
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  393. jrzerelocated Patriots thank you for your service!
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  394. dodg1988 we have four cats, three have made it into episodes. This was Lucky’s first appearance.
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  395. Thank you for your service.
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  396. The news blackout was surprisingly disciplined, and effective.
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  397. That would be a great story, though!
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  398. The charges were dropped after the explosion.
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  399. Respectfully, the only person who seems to be making a political connection here is you. I see no indication anywhere that the term has a "trans movement connotation," nor why that would make the term inaccurate. The use of the term by a respected medial clinic supports the claim that it is the accepted medical term. Intersex is is also clearly the preferred term used by people who are intersex. And, again, I have no idea what alternative term would somehow make you more comfortable. I do not have a citation for a scientific article on the testing. The expense for the testing was borne by the Smithsonian Institution, which stated the results in a 2019 documentary in season 1, episode six of a Smithsonian Channel series called America's Hidden Stories. The only place I could find the documentary streaming is on Paramount +.The testing on both the remains from Savanna and those of an exhumed 19th century grand niece of Pulaski's were done by the Paleo-DNA Laboratory at Lakehead University. I understand skepticism without peer-reviewed publication. But the conclusion is clearly supported by numerous credible scientists and is consistent with the historical record as well. If that is unconvincing to you, that is fine. History, being history, is often ambiguous. We cannot go back and ask Casimir Pulaski. But I am confident that I have presented the most credible story available today, and presented that as clearly and carefully as I could to allow listeners to make their own conclusions.
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  400. The only question is that no one seems willing to have documented that at the time. But i think that most agree that it likely happened. I would rather a bullet to the head than to burn to death.
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  401. Gnostic Mom I suspect you mean the USS Samuel B. Roberts, although the USS Johnston was also part of Taffy 3. Yes, the Battle off Samar was an amazing fight.
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  402. lol wow.
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  403. Beaverettes (and, I imagine, most extemporized Home Guard vehicles) had poor visibility and were difficult to steer, and were notoriously dangerous on the roads.
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  404. Thank you for your service.
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  405. I did teach at the university level for a decade, but I taught communication, not history. Yes, being the History Guy is my job now.
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  406. Many viewers have mentioned an error were I say that Henry II was "Beatrice's son." In fact, he was the son of Empress Matilda. He was, however, also the adopted son of King Stephen, who recognized Henry as his heir following the 1153 treaty of Wallingford. I apologize for the error and hope to do an episode sometime that more thoroughly covers the time of The Anarchy.
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  407. 898792 the State Department says “subnational groups or clandestine agents.” The fact that they chose to use clandestine agents is meaningful, and why it characterizes as terrorism.
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  408. Panc8ke You can subscribe on Patreon for just a dollar a month. But if that is too rich for your blood, I am posting around 120 episodes a year on plain old YouTube.
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  409. Yes, the same issue applies. As heat waves unfold more slowly, the deaths are less obvious to the public.
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  410. Loanword Eggcorn this was the Second World War. How the Germans pronounced it would not have been high on an American serviceman’s list.
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  411. The towers were numbered in order north to south. When they shifted from five towers to three, they built two, three and four. There was no one or five.
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  412. Yes, others also noticed that the internal load was eight. The number twelve was a quotation from author Eric Schlosser, who was apparently mistaken. It is difficult to verify how many missiles were on board, as the Air Force has never released the accident details. Wow- what a terrifying story- thank you for sharing! That is what i would have done with a stuck T shaped screw as well. You would hope that people fixing nuclear weapons had specialized training on the subject... Thank you for your service! I am glad that you did not get blown up.
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  413. TensileStrength absolutely. For many episodes, collecting media is more difficult than writing the script. As a general rule, anything published before 1924 or taken by a US government employee as part of their job is in the Public Domain. Outside those rules, rights can be difficult. Newspapers, understandably, protect photos taken by their employees. People who own the rights to a Picasso, understandably, move to protect the image to preserve its value. Where we can, we directly request rights, but our production schedule doesn’t allow for a lot of time for that discussion. I understand that some content producers on YouTube are less scrupulous, assuming rights holders won’t act. But I want people to respect my content rights, and so work hard to respect the rights of others. In this case, Picasso’s muses were mostly not public figures. Their photos are either theirs or were taken for interviews published recently enough that they are still under copyright. Note, though, that the fact that I could not use an image in a monetized video does not prevent viewers from doing a web search and viewing images online.
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  414. Yes, I think that is likely.
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  415. The hostages had been removed before the Marines started throwing grenades. But the prisoners on D block were cowering in their cells with little protection as guards and marines fired machine guns, tear gas and hand grenades. Stroud was purported to have left his cell (the escapees had opened all of D Block) to close some of the solitary doors to protect those prisoners, and yelled up to guards that the escapees had left D-block, sparing the prisoners of D-block more fire. Although none of the prisoners was injured, it is possible that he saved lives by telling the guards that the escapees had retreated to another part of the prison.
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  416. Thank you for your service!
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  417. Thank you for your service!
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  418. https://youtu.be/cDwsnpo066g
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  419. That is how I originally intended to start the video. But, in the end, bringing that false alarm up seemed to spoil the ending. That is certainly proof that false alarms are still possible.
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  420. I agree- I imagine that in the heat of the moment, he did not notice the heat in his boot.
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  421. Big Blue the Earps were in a posse being pursued by a posse.
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  422. Unknown Traveller I have not. I don’t currently have plans to do so, but that may change. And yes, they did a lot of things that might be seen as shady.
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  423. He was talking about human capacity to withstand deceleration- physics and biology. I assure you that neither he nor I were trying to make a statement about gender identity.
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  424. This was my second episode- it took a while to settle on the bow ties.
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  425. The History Guy team is planning a trip for 2024 and you could come along! We need your help deciding where to go - fill out our survey. It will help us curate an exciting trip that appeals to YOU. https://my.trovatrip.com/public/l/survey/TheHistoryGuy
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  426. I have spent many many hours with both microfiche and microfilm. It all seemed so high tech at the time. And remember the Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature?
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  427. Lol
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  428. I mention that at the end- a dam has allowed a comeback in the north, although that will be far smaller than the sea was historically.
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  429.  @evanfink2466  at least I didn’t say War Chester
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  430. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!  A viewer mentioned that Mogami was a heavy cruiser, not a battleship. I apologize for the error. A few viewers have taken issue with Sgt. Major Emmons’ claim that a bomb had gone down the funnel of USS Arizona. That is a direct quotation from a witnesses to the battle, and represents his perception at the time.
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  431. We have four cats.
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  432.  @StevenDietrich-k2w  Ford had been minority leader, but not speaker. He did not become Vice President by being third in line, but via the nomination process prescribed by the Twenty-Fifth Amendment.
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  433. Yes, episode 22 of season 5 of The Twilight Zone was based on An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge.
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  434. Don Coumbs I am certainly not trying to spin any kind of narrative beyond an entertaining one. I don’t think that you could look at this episode and say it carries any agenda. I don’t think that it can even be said to have made any selection of facts in such a way that a viewpoint is implied. I even carefully avoided taking any stand between those who love and who hate lawn maintenance. If I had made a choice to spin facts to imply that lawns are racist, or whatever I am being accused of, I think that agenda would be far more obvious. The fact that Levitt, with the full assistance of the FHA, excluded non-whites from his communities is something that a historian could not ignore without being accused of spinning a narrative. There is a fuller discussion of Levittowns here: http://ushistoryscene.com/article/levittown/
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  435. I guess that is true.
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  436. Susan Wahl awesome! I hope you enjoyed them!
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  437. Actually it was seven minutes and fourteen seconds. The title of the series is "Five Minutes of History," and the videos in the series are five to ten minutes long. I am sorry if that was two minutes and fourteen seconds more than you expected.
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  438.  @glenchapman3899  In fact, it is often called the "Napoleon Comet."
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  439. LOL
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  440. I might do a full episode on the SL-1 accident in the future.
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  441. I write many of the scripts, but not all. The person who wrote the script is in the episode description. If it says “script by THG” that is me.
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  442.  @dontgetaboveyourreason  I did respond to you- try reading rather than making your assumptions. No, this was not some simple story of "democrats did it." I get that you work from political biases, but I don't.
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  443. LOL it is not a live round.
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  444. Yes, I may do an episode on Anthony Wayne and the Legion of the United States at some point. There was barely room to touch on it here.
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  445. TAOFLEDERMAUS yes, although at the time it was called Leningrad.
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  446. Not yet, maybe sometime.
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  447.  @JustaPilot1  there seems to be some disagreement, but it appears that originally “chopper” and “bobber” were both used. The connection the WWII motorcycles and the term “chopper”comes from Rob Cogan, a collection curator at the U.S. Army Armor and Cavalry Collection at Fort Benning, Georgia. The term changed over the course of time to refer to motorcycles with extended front forks. https://taskandpurpose.com/culture/american-motorcycle-chopper-world-war-ii-cavalry/
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  448. I agree. I found Avebury much more accessible. There are, of course, a couple of pictures of Ms History Guy at Avebury in this episode.
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  449. Numerous viewers have mention that I used Yankee pronunciations of Warwick and Gloucester. I meant no offense.
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  450. They were introduced in 1950, well after the tamale craze had faded.
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  451. Play World of Warships here: https://wo.ws/3OqoO2u Thank you World of Warships for sponsoring this video. During registration use the promo code WARSHIPS to receive a huge starter pack including a bunch of Doubloons, Credits, Premium Account time, and a FREE ship after you complete 15 battles! The promo code is only for new players who register for the first time on the Wargaming portal.
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  452. And higher risk professions do tend to select for perfect eyesight. We actually may be disproportionately killing people with perfect eyesight.
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  453. I am sorry for your loss.
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  454. Yes, I corrected an error about the planet's orbit.
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  455. This was pretty out of the ordinary.
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  456. He was insistent about being held
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  457. Thank you.
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  458. The History Guy podcasts are released every other week, and are available wherever podcasts are found. Due to listeners’ requests, episodes are posted on YouTube with an approximately on month delay.
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  459. https://youtu.be/_Uu6GULBKVM
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  460. The etymology is an interesting discussion. The Spanish word marrón likely derives from the ancient Greek maraon, and is the root of the the word "maroon" as a color. The reason that etymologists contend that cimarrón is the root of the word "Maroon" to refer to fugitive slaves is that the use of the term seems to have been limited to the Americas, and thus likely had a local root.
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  461. Sydney Marks wow! That is awesome! I got the information from several sources, but I do agree that most probably tracks back to Einstein’s book. Are you implying that he may have embellished a tad? Thanks for the information!
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  462. How could I not? Next time I'll just place it in the budget.
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  463. Just a cold, that was the last of my voice that was left
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  464. Yes Buccaneers dried meat and sold it to sailors, and many became pirates. We talk about that in this episode: https://youtu.be/EypOHCv2JsY
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  465. I only reference the pact in terms of dividing Poland- I did not leave that part out. There is far more to say about context, but it is short history.
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  466. The K car is an interesting story itself.
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  467. Actually whether to mention Reye's syndrome was a difficult decision, and there are actually other risks as well. Every episode requires choices. But I did not want for this to be an episode on clinical advice, as I am decidedly not a doctor, and I was trying to stick to the history.
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  468. spacecadet35 by the IAU definition adopted in 2006 Earth and Jupiter are planets, the moon is a satellite, and Pluto is a dwarf planet.
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  469. Head to https://geolog.ie/HISTORYGUY70 and use code HISTORYGUY70 to get 70% off your custom skincare starter set. That’s a full month trial for only $12. Plus, you can grab any add-on of your choice absolutely free.
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  470. southilgurl2003 I do the best I can matching the intro. But Viddyoze is intended for ease of use, and, essentially, drops photos and logos into templates. That limits me to the templates available, and there isn’t always an option that aligns with the topic.
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  471. Thank you for your service! Yes, the sea recovery was extraordinary in a number of ways. I am sorry that I was only able to give it a brief mention.
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  472. There has been some discussion of the pronunciation of the word "submariner." My research suggests that American submariners tend to prefer "submarine-er," as pronounced in the episode, but that may not be true elsewhere. I found this exchange to be interesting: https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Talk:submariner
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  473. The ACLU still takes a variety of cases, some of which seem surprising. But I do wonder if they would take this case today.
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  474. Same circus, new clowns.
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  475. I do not, in particular, no. I just think the US Coast Guard represents a lot of great stories of forgotten history. And, of course, I always appreciate those who served.
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  476. In Flanders fields the poppies blow. Between the crosses, row on row.
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  477. The third person in the closing is our business manager, Ms. History's sister.
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  478. Hi Sean! Yes, there have been seven USS Rangers, with the sloop captained by John Paul Jones being the first and the most recent the CV-61 Forrestal-class carrier that, among its accolades, starred in the movie Top Gun. CV-61 earned 13 battle stars in her 36 years of service. It is tragic that the efforts to preserve her as a museum ship were unsuccessful. Her predecessor, USS Ranger (CV-4), was the first ship of the United States Navy to be designed from the keel up as an aircraft carrier. I am glad that this edition touched you. All history is our history. Your father's service is greatly appreciated. I am sure that John Paul Jones would be honored by the service of those who kept up the distinguished record of the name USS Ranger.
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  479. I am a CU alumnus
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  480. I agree- the “Aeronautics” part of the NASA doesn’t get the publicity of the “Space” part, but it’s impact is, perhaps, more significant. Ames- formerly Moffett Field, has an incredible history.
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  481. Since March of 2017.
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  482. I have- it is on my to do list.
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  483. I certainly tried to discuss them here. Whether those “villains” justify his ultimate acts is a matter of discussion. Arnold seems to have been a man of notable talents, but failings as well. It has been said that great generals must also be great politicians to succeed, and perhaps that is the most obvious lesson from the life of Benedict Arnold. But,I ask, did Arnold rise above the politics of the Congress and Army, or did he simply play the game poorly?
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  484. I am sorry for your loss.
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  485. Absolutely on the topic list.
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  486. Uncle Boss I am honestly unsure why this episode is particularly unfit for the day. We do not always post new episodes based on the day involved, although sometimes we do. This is history. These women deserve to be remembered, as does the life of a very famous person.
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  487. Queen Of Hearts it could not have been an easy life.
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  488. Check out https://ground.news/historyguy to stay informed on breaking news as it’s happening around the world, compare coverage, and know where your news is coming from.
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  489. LOL it is just an animated logo.
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  490. Carolyn Howk early episodes included a number of different neckties, and even some without. Staying with bow ties (all self-tied, by the way,) was the result of viewer feedback.
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  491. It was a naive time.
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  492. Truly, a ready mix of puns, the foundation of humor. Bravo on a clever construction moulded to stand the test of time. I could not have poured a better conglomerate of quick-setting humor.
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  493. I think so- he was a victim of his addiction.
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  494. The famous ski jump mishap was Yugoslav ski jumper Vingo Bogataj, and happened March 7, 1970. He received a concussion and a broken ankle. He, reportedly, had retired in Slovenia and had no idea the footage was featured on the program for decades, while in the US he had become a famous hard-luck hero.
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  495. Lol challenge coins. Nice to meet you!
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  496. It is difficult to imagine fighting such a large fire in such conditions. Firefighters were always getting hit by spray from the hoses, which froze almost immediately. One paper said that some had to have their frozen clothes cut off them.
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  497. Many viewers have chosen to point out that there is a difference between a clip and a magazine. I am sorry for the error.
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  498.  @stevemoore12  But that is what makes the Boyle Special so special. Yes, it is "rare," that was the point.
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  499. Sean Rogers you know nothing of my politics- at all. If you see politics in my history, that is just you imposing your biases. I have not, nor do I ever plan to, commented on Nathan Philips.
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  500. Some stories are definitely harder to tell than others.
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  501. Correct.
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  502. That is fair. And, in the end, it was driven by deeper issues as well.
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  503. Introduced in 1962, still in active service.
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  504. Isn't that what this is?
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  505. Hs Hs the character in the novel is smartly dressed, and inspired a colorful style of dress popular in the 1870s. By various accounts, the colorful Dolly Varden trout was named after the character or the dress.
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  506. In response to many comments, and with respect, if you listen carefully, I said 1862.
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  507. When Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon, whom we generally know as the Queen Mother, married Prince Albert, the Duke of York (future King George VI) I in Westminster Abbey 1923, it was the only tomb not to be covered by a carpet. Later, she had her wedding bouquet laid at the tomb in memory of her brother, who died in France in 1915. Since then, it is tradition for royal brides to have their wedding bouquet laid at the tomb after the wedding pictures are taken.
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  508. That happened all over the country. Volunteer companies were commonly called "rowdies."
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  509.  @mojomba  anything after 1967 is the office after the 25th Amendment. That was a good dividing line, as the office was much transformed. As I mentioned in the conclusion, there is a lot to the history of the Vice Presidency after 1967. Some of that will likely be covered in further episodes.
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  510. T Rex thank you for the compliment. There are 96 more videos in the channel if you want more. More will be coming, but not for a couple of weeks due to equipment issues. It is funny what you say about YouTube, since I am not allowed to monetize most of my episodes. Apparently anything dealing with war is not “advertiser friendly.”
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  511. Soylent Green yes, I do. I taught public speaking for years.
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  512. There is certainly a story there, and a controversy.
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  513. I do plan to do an episode (or maybe two or three episodes) on the Brazilian Expeditionary Force.
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  514. Some hundreds of people have pointed out that I stumbled on the word "Armistice" in the introduction. I apologize for misspeaking.
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  515. He served aboard USS Pennsylvania. He and Ed McMahon occasionally discussed their service, as McMahon was, of course, a marine.
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  516. I took the road less traveled by…
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  517. There were actually two silver coffins in this tomb. Yes, it was an astounding find.
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  518. levitating octahedron I am sorry that you take tragic historical facts as some sort of bias. The episode is correct, and conclusions well document even at the time. No, sorry, the fact that I put a stop to people commenting that even innocent Chinese people deserved to be murdered is not me “preventing discourse,” it is me choosing not to let a historical episode be leveraged by racists. I believe in discourse, but disagree that I am obligated to allow a historical episode become a channel for fringe racists. This is my house, and I have the right to very occasionally say "not in my house." Your comments say far more about your "brazen biases" than mine. Of over four hundred episodes, comments have been disabled on two. Both times the comments were disabled more than a year after the production of the episode, allowing ample time for discourse. And, for the record, I stand by the episode on the Los Angeles Chinese Massacre. https://youtu.be/nauaIbOXaYo
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  519. Ed Flinn it was a flat twin air cooled engine. You are a little outside my speciality, if that is not technically a two-stroke engine, I apologize.
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  520. That motto goes back to the NWMP, predating the formation of the RCMP.
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  521. There is some discussion of the nature of his injuries, which left him lame. I think the current thinking is that the shot that disabled his arm ricocheted into his leg. The often stated belief that he was hit in the testicles seems unlikely, since he later fathered children. It is fair to say that I did not go into detail on the extent of his wounds. He did recover enough that, despite the loss of the use of his left arm and severe lameness in his leg, he was given command of several other naval vessels and eventually achieved the rank of Rear Admiral.
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  522. Arrrgh!
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  523. It is just a game.
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  524. Geoffrey Mowbray compelling story! Maybe that will be another episode in the series.
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  525. rodeostore yes, I do plan an episode.
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  526. “Click this link to make some cash for giving your opinion! https://www.inflcr.co/SHIVN Thanks YouGov for sponsoring!”
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  527. Andrew Emery I do rotate the collection. It will show up again.
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  528. KarlBunker I had heard that as well.
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  529. LOL no- I wear pants.
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  530. Agreed. the fire moved very fast through crowded buildings, families were separated and for a while there were more than a hundred children who had been separated housed at a local church, and somehow everyone came out a alive, with only a few injuries.
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  531.  @JamesAllmond  I sure do wish that YT would allow replace video...
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  532. And that he made that sacrifice without complaint.,
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  533.  @russcrawford3310  not Presidents of the United States, but presidents of congress assembled. https://youtu.be/5Cy2Oob5ZfQ
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  534. AK47MR408miniPIT that is awesome! He is a true hero!
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  535. She has got a wart.
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  536. Honestly the story of them having to seek reimbursement and what they got is maddening, down to fighting over the number of chickens.
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  537. https://youtu.be/zL0JHPD0uOk
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  538. LOL
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  539. The same was true of the de Havilland DH 106 Comet.
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  540. There very much is.
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  541. It developed in the nineteenth century, and referred to food being preserved with ice. https://grammarist.com/idiom/put-on-ice/
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  542. LOL
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  543. Yes, Andrew Judge was Irish.
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  544. Araeagle particularly ironic, since pigeons were shipped in barrels often made of White Oak.
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  545.  @MultiPetercool  Yes, DNA was recovered and tested and matched to a known relation of Pulaski.
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  546. I am not sure we will see trick or treaters this Halloween. but we actually usually give out toys rather than candy. Nothing against candy, of course, but we have found the kids love getting a rubber skeleton or fake eyeball... Since I am no longer in academia, my graduation robes have become a Grimm reaper costume.
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  547. Pookybr2696 yes, a ripping yarn! I do plan an episode in the future.
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  548. Lol
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  549. I agree, and may do an episode on the event sometime.
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  550. History is like a box of chocolates.
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  551. JAS Aerial the two might not have the same status. But that is all the more reason to establish international law on the matter.
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  552. AK47MR408miniPIT I am sorry to hear that he passed, but what an exciting life! I wonder if anyone from the mission is still around.
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  553.  @mzulft3227  not the channel- the episode. Advertisers do not want to appear to be profiting off 9/11, so creators can’t monetize anything to do with it. It is cool- THG is a labor of love, and I am happy to make a tribute to first responders without getting paid.
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  554. It is, and I might do an episode on it some day.
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  555. Absolutely agree. Genuinely grateful for the kind compliment.
    31
  556. Please email business@thehistoryguy.net so we can get in touch
    31
  557. Of course I made two obvious errors in the dates. In the introduction I say that Vanguard TV-3 happened in 1947 when it happened in 1957, and later I say that Sputnik was launched in 1857 when, of course that was 1957. Thanks to everyone who pointed out the errors. I apologize for the mistakes.
    31
  558. I agree- these men died serving their country, and deserve respect. And their families had to mourn without remains, or knowing what happened to their loved ones.
    30
  559. That is because this is a video about a hurricane
    30
  560. Apologies to Beatles fans, but it appears that the Bed and Breakfast mentioned is not longer in business. Locals tell me that Eldorado, Il is pronounced with a long "a"- I am sorry for the error.
    30
  561. Good golly yes- his chemist's shop was full of dangerous stuff. It is particularly remarkable that his arm was not amputated. Many British officers of the era continued their careers missing limbs.
    30
  562. Ryan Taylor awesome story! Never heard that one.
    30
  563. It is clear that there was little vision aa to what to do with the position when the Constitution was written. Mostly the position has involved campaigning, which was not even considered in 1789.
    30
  564. Doug Sullivan watch the ad at the start and I do get paid. ;)
    30
  565. Yup. Sorry for the error.
    30
  566. Maybe thar’s what happened…
    30
  567. https://the-history-guy.creator-spring.com/listing/THGPirate?product=46
    30
  568. Thank you for your service!
    29
  569. He did. More on his story here: Two American Pilots and Pearl Harbor https://youtu.be/zSvYxH6gqMc
    29
  570. I would say more mutated.
    29
  571. 3 Presidential Close Calls https://youtu.be/pJVQS_IOJ-8
    29
  572. Use code thehistoryguy at https://incogni.com/thehistoryguy to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan.
    29
  573. Several viewers are having playback issues. YouTube has not provided a solution yet. Many viewers have mentioned pronunciation. I used the Kiribati pronunciation of Tarawa, which is more commonly used by historians writing today.
    29
  574. flagship1701e to be honest, the office is less well organized in the direction the camera does not face.
    29
  575. Some have mentioned the pronunciation of Eugene Ely’s name. I have been unable to find an audio from the time that clearly indicates his pronunciation, and modern videos about his flight seem to disagree. However, on reflection it does seem more likely the pronunciation should have been “E-lee” rather than “E-lie,” as that is how the surname is more commonly pronounced. I do apologize for the error.
    29
  576. The US attache in Alexandria was careless- it was not as significant as breaking enigma or anything like that.
    29
  577. We talk about the Fu Go program in this episode: https://youtu.be/tWx6gufENSs
    29
  578. I'd be happy to!
    29
  579. Jack Deveney when visiting Canterbury Cathedral we were looking at graffiti scratched in the walls by, apparently, bored children, with dates from the 1840s. So in 2015 we were reading scratching by children in 1840 on walls built around 1070. I guess the lesson is that children haven’t changed.
    29
  580. The nuclear weapon in Damascus did not explode. Livingston- who is certainly a hero- died as the result of a missile explosion, not a bomb explosion. Several more have died from similar events.
    29
  581. Some viewers have been confused by the conclusion. The meteor passed on May 20, but was not identified until after it passed, and not reported until a month later on June 20.
    29
  582. It is a fair point to say that the promises about the Dale went beyond the three-wheel design and the motorcycle engine, neither of which was unprecedented even at the time. Carmichael claimed the resin body was "stronger than steel" and asserted that the car could hit a wall at 30 MPH with no damage at all to the car or occupants. The claims about the printed circuit board dashboard and "car without wires" don't make sense even today. And those were packaged in economics claims that suggested that all these cutting-edge composite materials and brand new technologies cost virtually nothing. The Dale was never much more than a marketing scam.
    29
  583. It was the result of a low pressure area. I believe the meteorological term today is extra-tropical cyclone. Some newspapers at the time used the term hurricane, others called it tornadoes or just “wind.”
    29
  584. Jon Jordan thank you!
    29
  585. One of thin reasons the FIDO was so useful. Hedgehogs also changed the equation by throwing a much bigger spread and exploding on contact.
    29
  586. tigerkill420 NASA was a deadbeat and didn’t pay. The ticket went unpaid for thirty years until a DJ for California based radio station Highway Radio named Scott Barley had listeners do a collection and raise the money to pay the fine in 2009.
    28
  587. While there is certainly tragedy involved, this is a survival story with a very unlikely happy ending.
    28
  588. Yes, the "armored" part is tough on a fender.
    28
  589. Thank you. Sadly, Heidi and I are no longer together, and she is not involved in the channel.
    28
  590. https://youtu.be/tWx6gufENSs
    28
  591. Awesome!
    28
  592. Lives were lost about 20 miles away, but we skipped by. The capricious power of nature is terrifying.
    28
  593. Part of the point might have been to slow the shoveling, making meals more social.
    28
  594. Penny only shows up when she wants to.
    28
  595. @Vilhelmo De Okcidento this is not a good forum for that discussion. But I would point out first that those who sanitize their history are no more guilty of bias than those who choose only to see villainy. Secondly, a good understanding of history tells us that your claim is largely true of every people.
    28
  596. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    28
  597. Yes, it was regarding a tariff.
    28
  598. I think it was the best choice for some at some times, but for “a good career choice” it certainly meant a lot of drawbacks.
    28
  599. LOL no- I had to fix an error. So far no Allen at my door.
    28
  600. I guess that depends upon the ship...
    28
  601. It does get a brief mention here, but that doesn't happen to be the crux of this story. I agree that it is history that deserves to remembered.
    28
  602. AMStationEngineer I plan to get an episode out on the B-52 crash at Thule.
    28
  603. What could possibly go wrong?
    28
  604. https://youtu.be/b8BPANZzsyU
    28
  605. He was such an amazing fellow. Not only was he so courageous in his service, but he was so humble in his interview on the Today show, and sincerely bore no grudge. How many people could do that?
    28
  606. The Tie Bar gives me bow ties in exchange for a promo in the description.
    28
  607. The music is called “Highway Wildflowers,” and is from the YouTube royalty free music library.
    27
  608. Definitely an unforced error.
    27
  609. To be clear, the timing of the episode has to do with the anniversary of Arnold’s burning of Richmond and nothing to do with the more modern events. Viewers can make whatever conclusions they wish, but personally, I’d honestly prefer that discussion go on elsewhere.
    27
  610. That is, like much about him, largely conjecture. He did seem to struggle in life.
    27
  611. Ms History Guy wouldn't kiss me if I had one. Her strike is rather effective...
    27
  612. Sean Rogers no, I don’t know what you are talking about. I do not comment on current politics. None of my episodes reference current politics.
    27
  613. They aren't particularly near us- we don't live in the city. but of course they are a concern for all Americans.
    27
  614. I just watched a documentary on Magellan TV about the battle
    27
  615. I agree. the Kitchen debate was quite interesting- it really showed the difference at the philosophical level.
    27
  616. Marc Garlasco awesome!
    27
  617. Skip the waitlist and invest in blue-chip art for the very first time by signing up for Masterworks: https://www.masterworks.art/historyguy Purchase shares in great masterpieces from artists like Pablo Picasso, Banksy, Andy Warhol, and more. 🎨 See important Masterworks disclosures: https://www.masterworks.com/cd
    27
  618. At the end I mention that William Cushing distinguished himself in the conquest of "fort Fisch" Actually, that was Fort Fisher, N.C., taken by the Union January 15, 1865. I am sorry for the error.
    27
  619. Asbury Harpending published a book on the subject available here: http://www.books-about-california.com/Pages/The_Great_Diamond_Hoax/The_Great_Diamond_Hoax_Preface.html
    27
  620. There is actually a picture in the episode of the Mysorean rockets firing on British cavalry.
    27
  621. Her survival offered a moment of great hope, but the Milwaukee protocol still fails far more often than it succeeds. Her life, though, can be counted a medical miracle.
    27
  622. Thank you! Paul Harvey was a great inspiration in my life.
    27
  623. Shirley Whipple that is a good question. On face value, no. The two were different people in a different time, and their doctrines were very different. But the long history of anticlericalism in Southern France suggests the two had to share some philosophical and historical connection.
    27
  624. That was certainly true of Kapler, who was repeatedly warned to stay away.
    27
  625. GlennForbes20 this is my day job.
    27
  626. My goal is to straddle the middle and let the history speak for itself. I have been accused of being both too pro and too anti- imperialist. Personally I find the age of empires a fascinating time in history.
    26
  627. And that is all similar to Elizabeth I's passing.
    26
  628. We don't know that at all. In fact, there is a very good chance that normal wolf attacks were conflated with the attacks of the beast. Given the environment, it is quite possible that every attack, or even rumor, became part of the hysteria.
    26
  629. I did briefly mention it at 12:34. I agree that I could have mentioned the risk to veterinarians, there are always choices to make when cutting to approximately 15 minutes.
    26
  630. I can't say that I was happy with their decision.
    26
  631. https://youtu.be/LVQkpTxGtwA
    26
  632. It is the hail season...
    26
  633. intersex in no longer considered a "condition" because the tissue is healthy and no medical intervention is necessary.
    26
  634. LOL
    26
  635. Delonte West I think that person’s obscene response made my point. I will be vilified if I say the attack was or was not deliberate, or even try to stay in the middle. I don’t mean any offense, that is simply where people stand on USS Liberty. I strive to keep politics out of my channel, and don’t choose topics where it cannot be avoided. I love my viewers, but I am not obligated to make a video on any topic. If you think the story needs to be told, you are welcome to produce a video on it.
    26
  636. Both names are commonly used, as is simply "the Battle of the Capes."
    26
  637. Darren Krivit a serving is supposedly a single square. Ridiculous.
    26
  638. For this whistleblower it worked out. He took a full time position at the Troy Daily News and had a successful career in journalism. Years later he told the New York Times that he thought that the community never resented him because nobody lost their jobs from the scandal.
    26
  639. He is better known for his actions at Gettysburg than for his other antics. Despite nearly losing the battle by disobeying orders, he also was awarded the Medal of Honor.
    26
  640. That and the cheating...
    26
  641. https://youtu.be/zL0JHPD0uOk
    26
  642. Yes, the 1917 battle was a model for the use of combined arms.
    26
  643. This episode was actually authored by Carolyn, who is also our business manager. Yes, it included hands on research. The great people at Stone Hill Winery were very gracious. We highly recommend a visit.
    26
  644. No, no one was ultimately held responsible. Lt Newton, in temporary command of the Milwaukee was charged, but the war shifted focus snd scattered witnesses and no trial was held. Lt Commander Bogusch of the H-3 was disciplined, but the penalty was minor and was later reversed. The commandant of Mare Island, responsible for the salvage, Captain Frank M Bennett, seems to have faced no consequences, and was given command of Division 4 of the Atlantic Fleet at the outbreak of war.
    26
  645. I am using Viddyoze. They are just a bit of fun.
    26
  646. Doors do need to be stopped...
    26
  647. Yes, proximity fuses were a significant surprise for the Germans.
    26
  648. That is my job!
    26
  649. It also inspired the iconic nose of the '50 and '51 Studebakers.
    26
  650. The short answer is that the solution was irrelevant before it was solved.
    26
  651. LOL two clips six months apart
    26
  652. Thank you for your service
    26
  653. I am sorry for your loss.
    26
  654. It is a powerful book.
    26
  655. Much of the bomb was recovered, including the tail (shown in a photo in the episode.). But the bomb had hit a muddy field at 700 MPH, and was deep. Excavation was abandoned as a result of uncontrollable ground-water flooding. Most of the thermonuclear stage, containing uranium and plutonium, was left in place.
    26
  656. Great information! Thanks!
    26
  657. Randy Harrell thank you for your service.
    26
  658. We may well do one, yes.
    26
  659. I was brief on his campaigning record- there was not enough time to cover it all.
    26
  660. There have been changes that, at least, makes it into a different kind of machine.
    26
  661. Nathan Anderson thank you! And thank you for the investment in your time! There are fifty episodes in the series so far, and more added each week.
    25
  662. That was actually the five inch HVAR rocket.
    25
  663. writerconsidered To be fair, not all Canadian rebellions were as bloodless as Red River. I have a couple more on Canadian history, and other topics coming. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjsQhkGslJuB3pRlmo_ppLV
    25
  664. It is still there.
    25
  665. Thank you for your service!
    25
  666. Jeff Limpert the Battle of the Wabash was the US Army’s worst defeat by the measure of highest casualty rate in a single battle. You are correct that there are other ways to measure defeat.
    25
  667. https://youtu.be/CD8ddO3ACeA?si=iFpP86KoEmGSb9ZJ
    25
  668. Most experts seem to agree that the wreck is stable and that there is more risk in trying to move the explosives than leaving them. But I do disagree with the claim "if she was going to blow, she would have done so years ago." As the wreck decays it becomes more risky, not less. The primary concern is the boxes of cluster bombs on the deck above large aerial bombs. The cluster bombs came with fuses attached, and some experts think that decay makes the fuses even more unstable. Too, the way the bombs were packed means that some may have stayed dry and not have decayed at all. As the wreck decays, there is a greater risk that the upper deck will collapse, causing hundreds of unstable cluster bombs with fuses to fall onto thousands of tons of high explosives. People are killed by leftover WWII- and even WWI ordinance every year. Whatever else to say about the Richard Montgomery, complacency simply because it has not exploded yet is the wrong tack.
    25
  669. That was his response to the First Moroccan crisis.
    25
  670. Interesting story! There are so many great VC stories, that could be a channel all its own.
    25
  671. Abu Azrael he was, literally, the Shah of Persia. He lived his entire life in the Persian empire.
    25
  672. LOL
    25
  673. Certainly the historian is always going to find its way onto history. But I truly endeavor to tell the story and let the listener make their own decisions.
    25
  674.  @deforged  I do not claim perfection, but try to own up to my mistakes.
    25
  675. He apparently had to delay the plan several years, waiting for the rare occurrence of a clear day on April 1 in Sitka. When the day arrived, he was pressed to find an available helicopter.
    25
  676. I always was amused by the epithet Charles El Hechizado- "the Bewitched" referring to Charles II, the last of the Spanish Habsburgs. That is one way to describe "debilitatingly inbred."
    25
  677. Poky often is given the choice to either stop making noise or be picked up...
    25
  678. I do apologize. Sometimes you just need to take a day off.
    25
  679. Fair point.
    25
  680. Doug Anway the stereotype likely stems from Robert Louis Stevenson’s novel Treasure Island, in which the character Long John Silver, from whom the stereotype of a Caribbean pirate is largely derived, has a pet parrot. But there is truth to the stereotype. Several parrot species are endemic to Jamaica, although much less common (in fact many extinct) today. The drunken parrots of Port Royal were probably locals. These were pirates of the Caribbean, and it is no surprise that they kept local animals as pets. There was also a significant international trade in exotic birds, which could fetch a high price in Europe. They were a luxury status item that Pirates with extra disposable income could afford. They also may have been cargo taken from ships engaging in the trade. There is little real historical evidence of their widespread presence on pirate ships. But, as they were relatively small, don’t eat much, and their diet consists of things like seeds that could be easily stored, they would have been a good pet on a ship. They also can’t fall overboard, and training them would relieve boredom. And, in a port, they might fetch a good price.
    25
  681. Thank you! A good friend made that for me.
    24
  682. Thank you.
    24
  683. I wanted to bring that in, but did not have time. Maybe another episode.
    24
  684. Thank you! that is my feeling exactly. History is history.
    24
  685. I have only done a couple of episodes on the Black Hills, but yes, I grew up in the hills, including a stint as a National Park Ranger at Mount Rushmore. I sat through the night, June 9, 1972, watching the rain pour down and listening to them read names of victims on the radio.
    24
  686. Yes, that’s him.
    24
  687. That was largely MacArthur, who controlled the communiques.
    24
  688. I don’t know that anyone actually considered that. With the original process, you would have had to coordinate to give a person not meeting the qualifications the Vice Presidency, and I think the founders didn’t think that anyone would do that. It is clear that by the passage of the twelfth amendment that their assessment of what a politician might do had become more jaded.
    24
  689. LOL
    24
  690. I wanted to say more about the flag, but it is actually a complex story, both in the meaning of the day and how it has been used since. There is real disagreement over whether the flag was intended to represent Australian independence, as some of the diggers insisted they were asserting their rights as Englishmen , and some claim the stockade flew the Union Jack under the blue cross. Still others insist that it was actually an Irish cross, and not the southern cross. In all it was just too complex a story to try to fit into the episode.
    24
  691. Sorry! unintended consequence.
    24
  692. Play World of Warships here: https://wo.ws/464izba Thank you World of Warships for sponsoring this video. During registration use the promo code WARSHIPS to receive a huge starter pack including a bunch of Doubloons, Credits, Premium Account time, and a FREE ship after you complete 15 battles! The promo code is only for new players who register for the first time on the Wargaming portal.
    24
  693. I haven't done an episode on ancient aliens yet, so I suspect we are safe.
    24
  694. Josh Geiger yes, it was a horrific act.
    24
  695. You are a little beyond my expertise- so I am work from Wikipedia (sorry) That suggests that German built naval artillery has always been designated in cm. So the change may be because Germany stopped manufacturing naval artillery after the war. Modern German warships use guns designed by OTO Melara.
    24
  696. Learn faster by reading on Shortform and get a free trial and 20% off at http://shortform.com/historyguy.
    24
  697. I honestly think that the name might have been deliberately ironic.
    24
  698. Clearly based on the UK system.
    24
  699. Thanks! Have fun!
    24
  700. MarkTheMorose as early as the seventeenth century, although it wasn’t cemented until the nineteenth century. You can largely blame the alphabet song, copyrighted in 1835 for that. There is a thorough discussion of the topic here: http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2012/10/why-do-the-british-pronounce-z-as-zed/
    24
  701. So far as I know, this was the only time that happened to the F-11.
    24
  702. Probably both
    24
  703. nevyen what a great story! I will look it up!
    24
  704. Yes, I didn’t mention it in the video, but they had a massive underground hangar. The bombing did little damage to it.
    24
  705. hyfy1970 they are a great story, but they’ve shark weeked already. I didn’t feel that I had anything new to add.
    24
  706. Well darn, I was sure I was correct, but when I looked again it did say "lower their flaps." Thank you for the correction. And thank you for your service!
    24
  707. Steven Lower there is certainly a good story there. I will add it to the list of topics and you can expect an episode about them soon.
    23
  708. Josh Geiger to be fair, Boaty McBoatface really looks like a boat with a face. The competition was decided by a NASA committee, not public vote. The name "Skylab" was suggested by an Air Force Lt. Colonel.
    23
  709. Not yet, but it is on our list.
    23
  710. Edmund Musgrave Barttelot, who commanded the rear column in the expedition and apparently lost his mind before being shot by a native, is generally considered to be the inspiration for Conrad's character Kurtz.
    23
  711. It is certainly a mystery for experienced crews to disappear without and SOS and no sign of wreckage. Two such incidents in such a short period of time is certainly a mystery. And, despite many possible explanations, no evidence to prove any means that it remains a mystery.
    23
  712. LOL, not, strictly speaking, true, but I won't disabuse you of the notion...
    23
  713. Watch The Last Voices of World War I: Episode 1, The Call to Arms for FREE until April 7, 2022: https://www.magellantv.com/series/the-last-voices-of-world-war-one You can also gain access to MagellanTV’s entire history collection with my SPECIAL OFFER, a 1-month free membership: https://try.magellantv.com/historyguy.
    23
  714. Ship engineers complained that larger portholes could compromise hull integrity, and that the purpose was light and ability to move air rather than egress.
    23
  715. I think that represents how conflicted the colonies were in the era. He was considered one of the good slave owners- so much so that good men convinced themselves that Washington's slaves were better off as slaves than free. He himself saw the sin of slavery, but understood that it was necessary to keep his estate afloat. It seems bizarre today that the nation could tolerate such a dichotomy.
    23
  716. bruno640 he died suddenly and historians do not agree over what killed him. He may have been poisoned, may have fallen from a horse, or, by one tradition, he may have been killed in his sleep by the ghost of a king of Mercia who died in 822.
    23
  717. Well, I did not visit a Burger King today.
    23
  718. Loosely based, but yes, based on this story.
    23
  719. The point of supersonic military planes has largely been rendered moot by missiles and satellites.
    23
  720. Only the Auschwitz complex. Prisoners were transferred around, so some were liberated at other camps with tattoos. But the tattoos all came from their time at Auschwitz.
    23
  721. LOL you should have seen the script before the cuts... He is such an interesting fellow, it was painful to have to leave things out.
    23
  722. But while governor of New South Wales, his poor personal skills led to the Rum Rebellion, one of three mutinies against his command. Much can be said for Bligh, but plenty against as well. He was a good sailor, but clearly a poor commander of men. The Pitcairn Island Study Center puts it this way: Bligh always portrayed himself as being a perfect commander and his ship as being the happiest that ever sailed an ocean. It is thanks to Morrison that we have a check on Bligh’s accuracy.
    23
  723.  Red Pill prime  We talked about the 1788 Doctor's riot in this episode: https://youtu.be/M2KPkRE1S7c
    23
  724. The problem with that theory is the blimp seemed to move away under control, suggesting that whatever happened, happened later.
    23
  725. Very cool!
    23
  726. This accident? https://youtu.be/rzt2BRdEe6g?si=SOPMksGqqxw-Ga1-
    23
  727. Like USS Constitution, they were called "super frigates."
    23
  728. Yes, the podcasts are intended to be in addition to the regular YouTube posting
    23
  729. Thank you!
    23
  730. Use code thehistoryguy at https://incogni.com/thehistoryguy to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan.
    23
  731. Obviously the episode was in production before the announcement of President Carter's passing. Fair winds and following seas submariner.
    23
  732. Use code thehistoryguy at https://incogni.com/thehistoryguy to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan.
    23
  733. Numbers are hard to figure. It actually could be substantially more, as the nineteenth century coins might be more valuable than their weight in gold. But the bonds might have no value today, except possibly collector value. Adjustment for inflation looks at the currency value, which more accurately reflects the purchasing power at the time.
    23
  734. @ not yet. Give me time. :)
    23
  735. A masterpiece of stream of consciousness writing and American realism. It is really the icon of Bierce's work.
    23
  736. https://youtu.be/wG7kS1qBGVY
    23
  737. He wanted German New Guinea, in contradiction to Wilson's Fourteen points. Hughes was willing to be a maverick.
    23
  738. I left out details in the Palestine campaign in anticipation of making that its own episode at some point.
    23
  739. Sean Maher they showed the prototype in the showcase. Luckily, the contestant dot not win.
    23
  740. Agreed- there is more to say about Fitz-John Porter.
    23
  741. Yes, it very possibly could.
    23
  742. LOL
    23
  743. That is partially true, in that the Silver was the big driver for the creation of the territory.
    23
  744. It is surprising how many sell low and buy high.
    22
  745. Then he should have aimed better....
    22
  746. You'll have to convince the mosquitos of that...
    22
  747.  Peter Hockley  I am sure there is a more appropriate place for that conversation.
    22
  748. It, at very least, would have massively impacted events throughout the region, and given the world situation, possibly the world.
    22
  749. No- that was his cousin, former US Vice President John C Breckinridge
    22
  750. Yeah, but today we don't have to tell medical professionals that.
    22
  751. I feel you on that one.
    22
  752. I haven't taught at a university since the twentieth century...
    22
  753. My pleasure!
    22
  754. Maybe Jacob Hays WAS Batman.
    22
  755. They are. Contributing to brush fires is one of the largest hazards of the weed.
    22
  756. Get free life insurance quotes from America's top insurers and start saving today with Policygenius: https://policygenius.com/thehistoryguy Thanks to Policygenius for sponsoring this video!
    22
  757. That is one of our two new kittens. Strudel is about 24 weeks old and a constant source of entertainment. She was actually very happy to be held.
    22
  758. As my viewers know, I do not seek to judge history. But I agree than an interesting part of this particular story is that it shows that the history of enslavement is complex, and includes many cultural nuances.
    22
  759. That is a "Toby" from the movie Twelve O'Clock High, a gift from a viewer.
    22
  760. george martin hard to tell. She mostly begged for treats.
    22
  761.  @brotherpaulv  have you read it? I have. It doesn’t reference Project Stormfury and literally says that government cannot affect major storms. Many of its predictions about how capabilities might improve over time do not seem to have come to pass.
    22
  762. Several viewers have questioned by use of the names “Prussia” and “Germany” interchangeably. It is true that the war was conducted in the period of the German Empire. However, the two terms were commonly used interchangeably at the time in the allied press. The reason is understandable, as the emperor was, in fact, the King of Prussia, and the armies of the North German Confederation reported through the Prussian army. However, despite the Prussian character of the empire, the proper name of the nation state at the time was the German Empire and that is the term I should have used. I apologize for the confusion. Another viewer noted that I used a picture of the famous Minister President of Prussia and Chancellor of the Empire Otto Von Bismarck at 4:55 when talking about the German declarations of war n 1914. Of course Bismarck died in 1898.
    22
  763. Being intersex certainly did not limit General Pulaski, and I hope it never limits you.
    22
  764. David Coles actually it has been on my list for a while. I am sure there will be an episode on it.
    22
  765. No disrespect to Ms History Guy, but I generally collect the media. She is our social media guru.
    22
  766. And yet certain disappearances, in both places, remain mysteries that deserve to be remembered.
    22
  767. https://teespring.com/THGPirates?adgroup=21055994105&aid=ts-boosted-src&cid=2745&device=c&gclid=Cj0KCQiA-aGCBhCwARIsAHDl5x9_ha8aqVzOpF3IWc_abBc00z4meQtZZ9DvgjpagbhU1KPRd3x0yWIaAqkDEALw_wcB&matchtype=b&network=g&pid=46&tsmac=store&tsmic=the-history-guy&utm_campaign=296334545&utm_content=94334880785&utm_medium=cpc&utm_source=google
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  768. Scott Williams I understand your point. But the topic of the episode was grass. I didn’t feel that it would be appropriate to ignore the point, but neither did I feel it would be beneficial to make it the point of the episode. We may do another episode in the future either on historical housing policy in the US or on Levitt.
    22
  769. Eventually the Italians did just that.
    22
  770. That is definitely on my list- a very exciting story.
    22
  771.  Aaron Friedman  it is grease made by rendering bear meat.
    22
  772. It is interesting watching World War II Newsreels, which offer such a different narrative on the Soviet Union than what was portrayed in the west just a decade later.
    22
  773. He did not, but Jean did have two children from her previous marriage that he raised as their step-father. He talks about them at some length in the book.
    22
  774. https://youtu.be/I3CODJJutW4
    21
  775. As the flight was private, the typical military records were not kept. Records requests have turned up little evidence.
    21
  776. Canopus is an interesting discussion. There is reason to question whether she would have made a difference in the battle. But Spee thought so, and one reason he gave for giving up the pursuit of HMS Glasgow was that he didn’t think he could defeat Canopus. Moreover, Cradock knew that he had no chance of winning the battle without Canopus. So both admirals understood how Canopus fit in. Cradock knew he was doomed at Coronel and Spee knew that he was doomed as soon as larger ships caught up to him. To me, the story of Coronel is that both commanders understood the futility of their situation, and both fought anyway. And both died.
    21
  777. That picture was taken before we started the YT channel and I was just a tourist (although we still wheedled our way into a behind the scenes tour.) The next time I visited was to film an episode of Top 5 Tanks, and and the bow tie was prominent.
    21
  778. George Colley this is my very first episode, based on one of those hats. https://youtu.be/OhZQ7NU4Rsg
    21
  779. In this case, it appears that only U-boat crew who were on deck when the charges exploded survived.
    21
  780. Reckless only foaled one mare, who died shortly after birth. Her three colts were all gelded. The last survivor was Dauntless.
    21
  781. https://youtu.be/W4d7VKvG1z0?si=h_qeVf3evonpXbZN
    21
  782. "Miracle of the White Stallions" (1963)
    21
  783. Don't your volume controls also allow you to turn volume down?
    21
  784. Please, let's keep the conversation civil. The point of the episode was not that Washington was a villain to be despised- in fact I do not think that Ona Judge saw him as one. I would say, as a historian, that we should look at historical personages as complete, and flawed, humans of their era. If we were to despise all the peoples who have owned slaves, we would find few, if any, in history not to despise. The point was to highlight the enigma that even men like Washington and Jefferson had difficulty understanding that people prefer poor freedom to comfortable slavery. In many ways Ona Judge represented the ideals espoused in the Revolution more than the General who commanded the armies. That is history that deserves to be remembered.
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  785. The appearance of poor discipline may also have been related to the fact that Australian had a relatively high proportion of front line combat troops to support troops. Time in combat does change an attitude. Some suggest it also may have been related to the Australian system of discipline- for example, desertion was a prison sentence, while it was a death sentence in the UK and Canada. But, in the end, being rowdy on leave means little for troops that were brilliant in the face of the enemy.
    21
  786. Sort of. Dion was an early newspaper misprint that he never corrected. Newspapers often (though not universally) listed his name as Dion, although his given name was Dean.
    21
  787. Viewer "The Masked Man" pointed out that the portrait used to represent Mulligan is, in stead, Charles Carroll, a signatory of the Declaration of Independence. I apologize for the error.
    21
  788. D Hoffman inflammable means “easily set on fire.” Actually, “flammable” and “inflammable” mean the same thing.
    21
  789. I suspect we'll get to the second battle of Copenhagen at some point, yes.
    21
  790. The Onion Pirate!
    21
  791. Steven Lower, since WWI I think they also use some metal from some Chinese guns captured in the First Opium War.
    21
  792. Lost Ship those are samples from Dashlane- it isn’t my name, nor even a real person.
    21
  793. https://youtu.be/idmP_Kpjo2E
    21
  794. Whether the cat participates is up to the cat.
    21
  795. Yes, my video software updated last night, and that seems to be the problem.
    21
  796. Julie Stevens once I have a script ready and media collected, I can get it filmed and produced in half a day. The issue is that some take much longer to research, write, and track down images in the Public Domain. Yes, subscribers have suggested great topics that I knew nothing about, and I learn quite a lot every episode. I did not expect this one to go into the White Oak, but it turned out to be a fun line to research. I learned more about coopering than I ever knew existed.
    21
  797. scott garvey the story of the building of the concrete ships and how the Atlantus wound up off of Cape May is interesting. The Great Eastern is an epic story! But I have found difficult to fit into a script. I suspect I will get an episode out at some point.
    21
  798. For Exclusive content and interaction: thehistoryguyguild.locals.com
    21
  799. In the video I say that Queen Victoria ruled for 67 years. In fact, she ruled for 63 years , seven months and two days. I apologize for the error.
    21
  800. I promise I wear pants.
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  801. The sad fact is that we were willing to sacrifice those men knowing that we could replace them. Such is war.
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  802. Thank you!
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  803. I am sorry for your loss.
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  804. It was spelled Sin Cyr.
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  805. I use a program called Viddyoze. I do recommend it (and no, they don't pay me to do that.) It is drop and drag simple and has hundreds of templates. But it does require a subscription.
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  806. She is doing great, and still wholly involved in the channel. She doesn't appear on screen very often because she prefers it that way.
    21
  807. Sam Nunn was Carl Vinson's grandnephew.
    21
  808. I did leave out the Palestine campaign in expectation of covering that in a separate episode.
    21
  809. An OSHA.
    21
  810. And Snow was treated much the same as Semmelweis.
    21
  811. US Service members deploying abroad still get the vaccine, reportedly as a protection against bio-terrorism.
    21
  812.  @ronfullerton3162  not to me, but they like me.
    21
  813. Yes, the pig war is one of my favorite stories. I had thought it a bit too well known, but i still think I'll eventually do an episode on it.
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  814. LOL I fudged on that before and pretty much everyone caught it, so I was more careful this time.
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  815. LOL yeah- "What day is it? " "Winter."
    21
  816. https://youtu.be/hZpJJYbf1ms
    21
  817. I did my best
    21
  818. Yes, at least 1400 people in New Jersey alone: https://americanhistory.si.edu/onthewater/collection/TR_160322.html
    21
  819. Henry was athletic in his youth. Some attribute the later weight gain to personality changes after a 1536 injury sustained during a jousting tournament.
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  820. Thank you Brooklyn Bedding for sponsoring! Visit http://brooklynbedding.com/thehistoryguy to get 30% off your mattress with code thehistoryguy
    21
  821. I have to pay my bills.
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  822. Mike Brown thank you for your service.
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  823. Nance B there is historical disagreement over Lapu-Lapu's religion, as some accounts say he was a Visayan animist. Antonia Pigaffetta described him as such in his contemporary account. While his perspective could be skewed, he would have been familiar with Islam. Lapu-Lapu's origin is rather murky, and oral traditions disagree. Certainly Rajah Humabon used Magellan to try to bring Lapu-Lapu to heel. There is some suggestion that Magellan may have misunderstood the nature of the dispute, or have seen it from a European perspective where a show of force was usually all that was necessary to bring a vassal in line. It is difficult to imagine that he thought that his small force could militarily defeat such a large force. But maybe he simply overestimated the effect of his gunpowder weapons.
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  824. The pronunciation of route has come up on the channel several times. In the US both pronunciations are common. We drive down “root” 66, but get our internet via a “rowter” not a “rooter.” Whereas the UK prefers “root,” Australians prefer “rowt,” as “root” has a vulgar connotation there.
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  825. https://youtu.be/HersvTbNdC0
    20
  826. Bill the traveler we have four cats, three have made it into THG episodes
    20
  827. Play World of Warships here: https://wo.ws/3OqoO2u Thank you World of Warships for sponsoring this video. During registration use the promo code WARSHIPS to receive a huge starter pack including a bunch of Doubloons, Credits, Premium Account time, and a FREE ship after you complete 15 battles! The promo code is only for new players who register for the first time on the Wargaming portal.
    20
  828. Dragases XI thank you! The term is, apparently, often misused in US media and I fell victim to that. I will remember going forward.
    20
  829. Yes, the Fisher brothers of Fisher Body are apparently unrelated to Carl G Fisher.
    20
  830. Fair point
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  831. The ad appeal is about 2 1/2 minutes. I feel, given what they pay, that I want to do a good job for them, and I really do endorse the product. It is a coincidence this month that we have had three sponsored episodes in three weeks. That had to do with some travel and respecting 9/11.
    20
  832. I am doing a series based on those hats exclusive for patrons on Patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy.
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  833. I would say that Ron Ely really was my Tarzan. We watched the show every Saturday. I wonder today how they managed some of the animal stunts in that show. There was some pretty impressive lion wrestling going on…
    20
  834. Special Thanks and photo credit to the San Diego Air and Space Museum. Please support this extraordinary museum. https://sandiegoairandspace.org/historyguy
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  835. There was a doctor who, partly because he noticed that the guys at the brewery did not get Cholera, tracked the outbreak down to specific pump. That should have been enough to confirm germ theory versus miasma theory. But his findings were not widely accepted at the time.
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  836. aneimn more than a million Americans did. Heroes all.
    20
  837. Dean Stuart yes, Nigel Bruce was also an interesting fellow, whose film career included performing in some landmark movies, including the first technicolor film and the first 3-D film. As you noted, he was also a veteran of the Great War, (although not with the London Scottish) and was severely wounded at Cambrai. He and Rathbone collaborated on a whopping fourteen feature length Sherlock Holmes films.
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  838. Sailor's creek was an important battle- part of the Appomattox campaign. Tom Custer also received a Medal of Honor for capturing a flag at the battle. Great family history!
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  839. It does.
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  840. morskojvolk thank you!
    20
  841. The crew was held at Fort McPherson. I have not yet been able to find when the U-58 prisoners were repatriated. Some prisoners were held in the US as late as May, 1920.
    20
  842. Wow- that is an interesting story, and one of which I was unaware. Thank you!
    20
  843. Thank you, but that particular line was a quotation was from Aubrey Burl, “Black Barty: Bartholomew Roberts and his Pirate Crew,” Sutton, Alum Books, (2006) page 231.
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  844. You can view the video of Bessie Coleman here: https://youtu.be/XCgdU2oHt_0 The podcast is in response to many of our fans who like to listen to stories of history while working or traveling. The channel will continue to post videos on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday for those who prefer a visual experience. Thank you for being a fan!
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  845. Doyle's characters are set in the 1880s. Dr. Watson was likely injured in the Second Anglo-Afghan war.
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  846. I hope that you enjoyed the episode! Click this link to make some cash for giving your opinion! https://www.inflcr.co/SHFo7 #YouGovPartner
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  847. Ford built over 8600 B-24s at Willow Run.
    20
  848. After Hertz saw how they did it in Europe the fares actually went down.
    20
  849. Michael Loeffler Yes, the gas tank fire ignited the magnesium.
    20
  850. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    20
  851. Or a television series.
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  852.  @malcolmbacchus866  I found a reference to the use of steel from the High Seas fleet as late as the 1970s. I am not an expert, but my understanding is that technology has improved such that we can better remove the radioactive dust and adjust the measurement so that there is no longer a need for low-background steel.
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  853. I agree- there is never enough to maintain the ones we have.
    20
  854. He was nineteen when he started working for the census in 1880. The photo was taken later...
    20
  855. h lynn keith lol
    20
  856. LOL I was wondering how obvious it was. Luckily I have a few days to recover before the next video posts.
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  857. But Mr Lincoln was, ultimately, responsible for the planning.
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  858. It is fair to say that loyalists could not count on the protection of the crown, and thus were not as enthusiastic in their support as British leaders hoped. While the war was a civil war, the patriots were, perhaps, the more enthusiastic side on that count. I think it a stretch to call British conduct throughout the war as “gentlemanly.” Had they chosen to scorch earth they would have been in a bit of a pickle of their own, what with an ocean between them and supplies. Frankly, the British were forced to walk a line, and a more brutal fight might have cost more militarily than it gained. It is an interesting counterfactual.
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  859. Bob Thenob LOL yes, The reason that Australians avoid pronouncing route “root” adds another wrinkle.
    20
  860. We have been honored to work with the good people at the foundation, and may well have more episodes out on USS Texas in future. Come on Texas!
    20
  861. Kurt Freitag you are correct- good catch. Thanks!
    20
  862. Fighting elephants certainly burnishes the reputation of the Roman legions.
    20
  863. Use code thehistoryguy at https://incogni.com/thehistoryguy to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan. As several viewers have mentioned, Seal Rock is in the Pacific, not San Francisco Bay and Funambulism is derived from Latin rather than Greek. I apologize for the errors.
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  864. Play World of Warships here: https://wo.ws/3NVTxnI Thank you World of Warships for sponsoring this video. During registration use the promo code WARSHIPS to receive a huge starter pack including a bunch of Doubloons, Credits, Premium Account time, and a FREE ship after you complete 15 battles! The promo code is only for new players who register for the first time on the Wargaming portal.
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  865. Charlie Blaze you are correct, and I am very sorry for that misstatement.
    20
  866. I do try for local pronunciation, although I admittedly often fail, especially with British pace names. I have been putting off doing episodes on Wales...
    20
  867. For all the competition of the Space race, astronauts and cosmonauts always seem to have recognized a kinship.
    20
  868. Yes, he was executed for heresy.
    20
  869. Yeah- that one is definitely a case of truth stranger than fiction.
    20
  870. looselatigo I’ll research that.
    20
  871. LOL
    20
  872. I honestly intended no mocking tone. I have no opinion on Edward III's conclusion. My point was that it was not hail alone that prompted him to negotiate. To me, history is history- the question whether events of history resulted from coincidence or divine providence is not the purview of the historian.
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  873. He was implying that the crew would detonate the weapon in order to destroy the boat rather than allow its capture. But exactly how safe nuclear weapons are is a matter of debate. I have certainly heard many on this channel discount the possibility of an accidental detonation even where the weapon designers are quoted saying that accidental detonation is possible. This was a nuclear torpedo already in the tube. I would not overestimate its safety in 1981.
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  874. I named him Brigadier Sir Nils Olav III. But his nickname can be Oswald.
    20
  875. I am surprised at many of these comments. This is not politics, it is history. Please be civil.
    20
  876. Setting aside their under-appreciated wartime service, the Coast Guard has a significant peacetime role that seems to generally exceed the peacetime roles of the other services. I truly appreciate the men and women of the USCG.
    20
  877. https://youtu.be/7EjAl8KAsy0
    20
  878. I did my best. Americans typically pronounce the "g."
    19
  879.  @jlp2061  Pookie is a sweetheart, but no one would accuse him of being the smartest kitty in the room…
    19
  880. Play World of Warships here: https://wo.ws/3ZG2I13 Thank you World of Warships for sponsoring this video. During registration use the promo code WARSHIPS to receive a huge starter pack including a bunch of Doubloons, Credits, Premium Account time, and a FREE ship after you complete 15 battles! The promo code is only for new players who register for the first time on the Wargaming portal.
    19
  881. Kevin Heine thank you! Luckily it was in the YouTube music library.
    19
  882. https://amp.theguardian.com/science/2016/oct/26/prehistoric-humans-may-have-hunted-cave-lions-to-extinction-fossils-indicate
    19
  883. That might have happened with 100 other songs.
    19
  884. Well, Google selling ads is what pays the bills...
    19
  885. https://youtu.be/eaQ4_h3gXAI
    19
  886. The plan right now is two a month, so it will take me a little over 15 years…
    19
  887. Possibly in the future, but I can't promise when.
    19
  888. Play War Thunder NOW on PC, Xbox and PlayStation use my link https://playwt.link/thehistoryguy and claim a massive bonus pack! War Thunder is a highly detailed vehicle combat game containing over 2000 playable tanks, aircraft and ships spanning over 100 years of development. Immerse yourself completely in dynamic battles with an unparalleled combination of realism and approachability.
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  889. The Dog's Butler those all came from the National Archives. What a coincidence that it was your grandfather’s crew!
    19
  890. King Leo XVII it would seem an odd way to go AWOL- and two distinguished officers simply decided to desert? The waters off of San Francisco can be treacherous, and there are sharks. But it is a mystery, where no explanation doesn’t seem to leave outstanding questions.
    19
  891. Thanks Michelle! Say hello to Pete. Happy anniversary!
    19
  892. They are apparently an aggressive invasive species that actually attack baby birds in their nests.
    19
  893. Play Call of War for FREE on PC, iOS or Android: 💥 https://callofwar.onelink.me/q5L6/TheHistoryGuy Receive an Amazing New Player Pack, only available for the next 30 days!
    19
  894. No
    19
  895. LOL.
    19
  896. I think that all history is. But, in this case, the giant wheel had both political and economic meaning. Of course it deserves to be remembered.
    19
  897. A fictionalized work, but apparently largely accurate in its description of the storm.
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  898. There is a strong argument there.
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  899. Upcycle Electronics And, ironically, Wall Drug is in South Dakota. Actually the greater Grand Forks area, including the University of North Dakota, the twin city of East Grand Forks, which is across the border in Minnesota, and, of course, the 10,000 then stationed at GFAFB represented a population of about 75,000 in 1980, and 98,000 as of the 2010 census.
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  900. The History Guy podcasts are released every other week, and are available wherever podcasts are found. Due to listeners’ requests, episodes are posted on YouTube with an approximately on month delay.
    19
  901. Start Speaking a new language in three weeks with Babbel 🎉. Get up to 60% off your subscription ➡here: https://bit.ly/thehistoryguyaug
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  902. We appreciate our viewers!
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  903. I did not suggest that one was better than the other, nor try to westernize Nadir Shah. I compared him as a general to someone with whom the audience would be familiar to give historical context. I chose to make the point at then end that, when you understand the history, Napoleon was more a reflection of Nadir Shah than the reverse. I find the entire complaint perplexing. I would say that bringing the story of Nadir Shah to a western audience largely unfamiliar with him is literally the opposite of being western-centric.
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  904. Dean Stuart thank you! I had seen an article on preserving heirloom apples some time ago and it was on my list. I will keep them coming.
    19
  905. I hope they would have noticed...
    19
  906. Absolutely. He was the very definition of a hero.
    19
  907. They are sometimes the only historical sources we have, and have proven to be surprisingly accurate in same ways.
    19
  908. I did not claim that these were the highest battles ever thought. That quotation is is saying that mountain tops had never previously been the front lines. Maintaining modern armies at these altitudes was unprecedented.
    19
  909. Watch Civil War: The Untold Story "Bloody Shiloh" for FREE until January 27, 2021: https://www.magellantv.com/series/civil-war-the-untold-story/bloody-shiloh You can also gain access to MagellanTV’s entire history collection with my SPECIAL OFFER, a 1-month free membership: https://try.magellantv.com/historyguy.
    19
  910. Merry Christmas!
    19
  911. Yes, the reason I gave only a short mention of the Thule crash was because that incident deserves an episode of its own.
    19
  912. Erin Thorkildsen the channel is not political, and I don’t have any reason to suspect that the issues this channel faces are based on politics. I think they merely inconsistently enforce obtuse standards.
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  913. That was the gig that made the trip to Hawaii. Now in the collection of the Naval History and Heritage Command.
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  914. iam501dsr The story does say a lot about the origins of the navy. Jones' crew had no specific training, and were largely merchant sailors who had been promised the possibility of prize money. As such, Jones acted more like privateer than a naval vessel. Certainly had he a more disciplined crew the Whitehaven raid could have been far more effective. And the Continental Navy was stunningly political, which was a great disadvantage for Jones, who, while clearly gifted at naval strategy, was notoriously impolitic. And yet Jones was able to shine via individual initiative and vision because he was given a degree of flexibility that would be unthinkable in a modern military. But the reason that he is venerated today as the father of the US Navy (along with John Barry) is because he demonstrated that the American Navy could, via careful strategy and good seamanship, score victories even against the vaunted Royal Navy. Jones was also an advocate of naval reforms from promotion due to skill rather than patronage to better maintaining ships. Along with John Barry, Jones set the standard for a modern and professional navy.
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  915. Not a nuisance at all!In fact, thank you! This is exactly the sort of discussion I was hoping to have on this channel. I very much enjoy the stories and perspectives of other historians. This is a channel intended for people who love history. While I intend the channel to cover a broad range of history and not be limited to one geography or historical period, my choice of topics has been, admittedly, largely driven by my own passions. I admit that my WWII topics have skewed towards the US, and my British history topics have skewed towards the Victorian era. Those are simply periods that have always fascinated me. But you make an excellent point about merchant mariners of the British Merchant Navy, whose task and importance is magnified by the size of the far flung empire. Undoubtedly, the battle of the Atlantic was one of the most significant conflicts of the Second World War. Understand that my channel has 64 videos to date, but I have booked over a thousand potential topics and get new ones every day. It may take some time to get to them, but I promise that there will be several on the the Royal Navy and the Merchant Navy coming in future. Thank you for watching!
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  916. I have BAs in History and Political Science from the University of Colorado.
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  917. The Battle off a Samar is an exciting story, and I may do an episode this month, as the battle occurred in October. I but I am concerned that it is too well known for a channel on forgotten history.
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  918. It appears so. I would imagine that tolerances were less strict for boxes meant to be buried in the ground.
    18
  919. It was, with some aficionados mourning the change in style.
    18
  920. Use code thehistoryguy at https://incogni.com/thehistoryguy to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan.
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  921. I could not find reference to that. This current picture shows grass at that house. https://www.theredstonerocket.com/news/article_e83fb8f4-1bb2-11ec-aa2c-978461564317.html
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  922. Sleeping like two feet from where I film.
    18
  923. That is true, and thank you for noticing,
    18
  924. The shorts are intended as teasers to bring people to the video. The short will catch some who missed the original video. I did not prefer that YouTube chose to go with shorts. But they did, and it would be foolish of me to ignore them.
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  925. Thank you!
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  926. NorthernChev the topic list grows faster than I can make videos
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  927. c k I have no idea- it seems no different than a thousand other D-Day videos. Unfortunately, when demonitizing, YouTube doesn’t tell you why. The community standards are obtuse. I wish they would figure out that the process is broken.
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  928. Mitzy was luckier than the chickens...
    18
  929. My little league career comes to mind...
    18
  930. William Lane thank you for your service
    18
  931. The P-47 would not have been from the 201st, as they never engaged enemy fighters. That part of the war was virtually over by the time they deployed. Their service was mostly in a close air support role. I do plan more episodes on the Philippines campaign, yes. In the mean time, please enjoy these episodes: https://youtu.be/TZD59vApUWc https://youtu.be/eqkTddTNMBY
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  932.  @themroc8231  lol not the dog breed.
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  933. The sarsen stones are directly aligned to the summer and winter solstice, so the idea has to date back to the erection of the sarsen stones circa 2600 BC. But the connection was not clearly made by historians until Stukeley's work and detailed drawings in 1720. However, Hecataeus' connecting the monument to the worship of Apollo might well indicate that the connection was understood in antiquity.
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  934. Goldsboro- talked about that accident in this episode: https://youtu.be/yIrSBmG46n8
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  935. Good point. Thank you!
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  936. Hardscrabble Blake 1968 that was Napoleon Bonaparte’s son, Napoleon Francois Charles Joseph Bonaparte. When Napoleon abdicated in 1814 he named his son emperor, although he was never proclaimed. He lived with his mother in Austria and died childless at the age of 21. When Napoleon’s nephew gained the throne in 1852, he called himself Napoleon III to recognize his cousin’s brief reign.
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  937. Timothy McCaskey the History channel came to us to be a part of the series. We would be more than happy to collaborate with PBS.
    18
  938. That long held story has been challenged recently.
    18
  939. There are two in the stairs- I could not find a public domain photo.
    18
  940. They were fired eclectically from the cab, so there was some complexity involved, but they were pretty straight forward. The were the launchers designed for use in small landing craft, and the rockets used were of the "beach barrage" type.
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  941. A story I hope to tell in a future episode.
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  942. Yes, sometimes members get to see videos ahead of time. What is wrong with that?
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  943. I can say, meaning no offense to Mr Nye, neither the name “The History Guy” nor the bow tie were intended as an homage.
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  944. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com! As many viewers have noticed, I mention "Victorian virtue" before the actual Victorian era. I am sorry for the error. The relevant point is that when the island was discovered, Adams was not punished for the mutiny because it appeared to be a thriving, devout community free from vices.
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  945.  @brotherpaulv  HAARP is a university study program. The energy used is comparatively small, dissipates quickly, and affects the atmosphere far above the level where storms are created. Nothing in its description suggests purpose or capability to affect weather, more or less hurricanes. The purpose is to study the ionosphere and communications. I did not intend to get into a discussion about weather manipulation. This is a video about Project Stormfury. The project determined that cloud seeding cannot have a significant effect on hurricanes.
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  946. We did not use any captured German scientists or former Nazis on the Manhattan project. Paperclip came too late for that, and the US was far ahead of the German effort anyway. There were several German scientists, including Albert Einstein, who participated on the project who were refugees who had fled the Nazis prior to the war. Interesting among those was Klaus Fuchs, who spied on the project for the Soviets.
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  947. I honestly think that much of the script had to have been derived from Lana's autobiography.
    18
  948. It did inspire that part of the book.
    18
  949. Actually, they were both derived from the Dash 80.
    18
  950. I could have included more- the newspapers at the time seemed to spend a great deal of effort describing the countenance of the accused.
    18
  951. Abu Azrael those are dynasties of the Persian empire, and modern Iran is historical Persia. He spent much of his career fighting Ottomans. It is bizarre to refer to him as a Turk and not a Persian.
    18
  952. It is! I was not sure if people would notice or not.
    18
  953. Yes. In "On The Banks of Plum Creek" She described the plague as it struck her family's farm in Minnesota.
    18
  954. LOL
    18
  955. Tara FitzGerald the Gros Michel is not extinct. But yes, artificial banana flavor was based ok the Big Mike.
    18
  956. LOL yes. Five minutes got too restrictive. But it is also a poor for for the way that YouTube monetizes.
    18
  957. I am in no way embarrassed of my German heritage. My Grandfather was a good man who worked hard and never meant anyone any harm. Our family back in Bavaria were farmers and shop keepers.
    18
  958. That was actually quoting Josephine,
    18
  959. Correct- it should be Empress of Ireland. I apologize for the error.
    18
  960. Lol
    18
  961. Forgotten Battle of Thermopylae: The Celtic Invasion of Greece https://youtu.be/t5cizVNSNEI
    18
  962. Mark Maki that is a ridiculous comparison, and stop trying to shoehorn divisive current politics into my channel. The size of the explosion alone makes the claim that anyone is making it appear more sensational than it was is absurd. This was a politically motivated attack unacknowledged by its government at the time, directed against a neutral nation. I truly do not understand why people are so offended by calling that terrorism, nor how that differs substantially from the attacks on 9/11, which the attackers claimed were legitimate military targets in an undeclared war. If you prefer, for some reason, the word “sabotage” that is fine, but the complaint that there is some offense in others calling it terrorism requires a very forced level of choosing to be outraged for dubious reason.
    18
  963. The existing market for natural ice is for ice sculptures, because the ice is so clear.
    18
  964. LOL that is not my ambition, but thank you!
    18
  965. That depends on definition- as Voyager was faster and was the first to cross the heliosphere, while Pioneer 10 was the first to pass the orbit of the outer planets. When you heard that announcement in 1983, we didn't yet know where the heliosphere ended. But, there likely would not have been a Voyager program without the Pioneer program, and Pioneer really did blaze the way. It deserves to be remembered.
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  966. To the point where his wife chose to have his body entombed at Arlington National Cemetery rather than the Lincoln tomb in Illinois. I don't think that he failed to recognize the honor of being his father's son. He simply wanted to stand on his own. Which he, of course, very much did.
    18
  967. The photo of S-13 and 14 together is in the hangar at Scott
    18
  968. Thank you for your service.
    17
  969. There are lots of history channels on YT that are just text, computer voice, or someone calmly talking with a British Accent., If you don't want a narrator excited about history and the story, this is probably not the channel for you.
    17
  970. Claim your SPECIAL OFFER for MagellanTV here: https://try.magellantv.com/thehistoryguy. Start your free trial TODAY so you can watch Black Tears of the Sea: WWII's Persistent Pollution. https://www.magellantv.com/video/the-black-tears-of-the-sea
    17
  971. Play World of Warships here: https://wo.ws/46r4Z1V Thank you World of Warships for sponsoring this video. During registration use the promo code WARSHIPS to receive a huge starter pack including a bunch of Doubloons, Credits, Premium Account time, and a FREE ship after you complete 15 battles!
    17
  972. It certainly was a shock to be de-monetized for "nudity." That was something I never expected.
    17
  973. JordaniusVonRhod while I understand the sentiment, the availability of credit to the messes is not an unequivocally bad thing.
    17
  974. That is the goal.
    17
  975. The one in the film is a 14 inch disappearing gun at a fortification in Panama.
    17
  976. Yeah, will never quite look at them the same. And I guess no more feeling them in the store to see if they are soft.
    17
  977. I know!
    17
  978. The differing opinions of Montgomery and Patton across the pond are interesting. I think that both were brilliant in their way and flawed in their way. In this case, although you can’t solely blame him, I don’t think that Montgomery can avoid fair criticism for not destroying the 15th Army, when he could, as it was his sector of responsibility. It was certainly a blunder, or at least misjudgment, with a price paid in blood.
    17
  979. I haven't found a reference that actually says so, but I suspect that scrapping the vessels was part of the agreement.
    17
  980. Vinyl thanks! Fixed.
    17
  981. Correct- he gave the speech with a bullet lodged in his chest.
    17
  982. Imagine an earthquake that does damage from New Orleans to Quebec, from the eastern seaboard to the rocky mountains. The USGS says that damage outside the immediate area would not be "structural," but being so widespread, it would have massive financial and psychological impact.
    17
  983. This was one of several strikes in France in 1907.
    17
  984. Thank you for your support!
    17
  985. andy taylor they added emergency escape launches to the other two towers after the accident. Previously that carried boats, but nothing they could launch during a storm.
    17
  986. I can roll better with the silver dollar.
    17
  987. Thank you too!
    17
  988. That was my mistake to leave there. Those are clips from Captain Kidd (1945) with Randolph Scott and Charles Laughton. the movies is in the Public Domain, and I used a few clips and forgot some at the end. the full movie is here: https://archive.org/details/CaptainKidd1945RESTORED
    17
  989. That’s a great story!
    17
  990. Head to https://squarespace.com/thehistoryguy to save 10% off your first purchase of a website or domain using THEHISTORYGUY
    17
  991. Sidon had been captured by Alexander, so it was more of a military occupation, although Sidon largely prospered in the Hellenistic period.
    17
  992. Respectfully, if you want to talk current events that are millions of places where that conversation is going on.
    17
  993. We have very much enjoyed and appreciated working with the great folks at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway Museum.
    17
  994. Actually it has historically only rarely been a stepping stone to the presidency. The vast majority of US Vice Presidents did not become president. I have no idea what you imply with "political discourse used to bias history." I brought no biases to this video. Most of the comments about the irrelevancy of the office came from the office holders themselves.
    17
  995. A few viewers have mentioned the comment suggesting that "part of Eastern England would have become a desert." The General making the comment was likely not aware at the time that the devices had no nuclear material in them. I included the comment to demonstrate the level of concern at the time. In any case, 16,000 pounds of TNT would have made quite a boom had the conventional explosives on the two bombs detonated in the conflagration.
    17
  996. Play World of Warships here: https://wo.ws/464izba Thank you World of Warships for sponsoring this video. During registration use the promo code WARSHIPS to receive a huge starter pack including a bunch of Doubloons, Credits, Premium Account time, and a FREE ship after you complete 15 battles! The promo code is only for new players who register for the first time on the Wargaming portal. A few corrections thanks to viewers: Gneisenau and Scharnhorst were armored cruisers rather than protected cruisers. Earnst Troubridge encountered a battle cruiser and a light Cruiser rather than two battle cruisers. I overstated the size of HMS Canopus.
    17
  997. Yes, and it has been standardized as a weight measurement. But that still makes it difficult.
    17
  998. That is a kind offer, although we generally don't accept gifts from viewers, as I do not want to take advantage. My slouch hat is a good condition one from the Vietnam era, but the badge is a reproduction.
    17
  999. So do we. The National Museum of Organized Crime and Law Enforcement has an amazing collection in a beautiful historic building. I highly recommend it. Five stars.
    17
  1000. Correct- the ship was actually named while a passenger liner in a German line.
    17
  1001. Not to brag, but we actually got to tour before the tours officially started. We have been very honored to work with the good people of the USS Texas foundation.
    17
  1002. https://youtu.be/jDcog2ZP684
    17
  1003.  @goodun2974  I report them when I see them.
    17
  1004. It is a neat little museum, with much to talk about in addition to Mr Wadlow. A shocking amount of history occurred in Alton, Il.
    17
  1005. I will probably have an episode out on Cowpens some day.
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  1006. Brian Garrow there is some disagreement over whether there were three or four “waves,” but the influenza did strike again in 1919. Mortality rates were not as high as the second wave, but it was still devastating. It seems odd that the 1919 wave is less remembered. Your intuition is likely correct, reporting was inconsistent, and doctors were not required to report flu deaths. Deaths from the influenza were often listed as pneumonia.
    17
  1007. At the time of his assassination, Long was a United States senator. His term as governor ended in 1932.
    17
  1008. The trip survey has closed, but there are still slots available on these trips with The History Guy: https://trovatrip.com/trip/europe/england/united-kingdom-with-lance--geiger-jun-2024 https://trovatrip.com/trip/europe/germany/germany-with-lance--geiger-jun-2024
    17
  1009. My kittens are also shelter cats. Best kind.
    17
  1010. Sorry- I don't know what is going on
    17
  1011. Arlie Austin https://youtu.be/C4wi7ebOIWs
    17
  1012. Nate's Random Videos I went to school at the University of Colorado- I recall when there was a permanent vigil at Rocky Flats. I do plan an episode at some point.
    17
  1013. Visit www.recwatches.com/timepieces/x4009-semtra-black/ to discover the X4009 Collection and take part in getting the x4009 aircraft back where she belongs: the skies! Use the code THG when ordering to take advantage of the -15% pre-order pricing.
    17
  1014. Two silkworm missiles were fired at Missouri during the Gulf War- one missed and the other was shot down by a Sea Dart missile fired from HMS Gloucester. the general agreement seems to be that it would have done little damage to the ship's armor, but still could have caused casualties.
    17
  1015. We do get more from ads if you watch through past the skip button.
    17
  1016. The UnXplained.
    17
  1017. My father did much of his service at Fort Sill.
    17
  1018. Actually came from the New York Times.
    17
  1019. IT dies seem amazing, today. that the UK, US and France all received A7Vs for testing and then just scrapped them. the Tank Museum does have a working reproduction.
    17
  1020. I don't think that is a fair assessment of the US Navy in 1863. There was a decline after the Civil War, but it had become a very professional and modern force by 1863. Conversely, the Royal Navy was at a lull during the period between the Napoleonic wars and the competition with Germany. I think the crew of Wyoming would have been considered the equal of any European crew at the time.
    17
  1021. Sorry- Dan Snow is a completely other History Guy who works with the BBC and who is, well, not me. LOL yes, I am at least 39 years old. ;)
    17
  1022. HAL 9000 I absolutely agree that we seem to be acting today very like the times of the red scare. If someone, in any context, says something to which someone else finds offense, far too often the answer suggested is not to have a dialogue about the ideas, but to seek to have the offender silenced. If someone doesn’t like what you say, they feel justified in not only demanding that others not be able to hear the comment and judge for themselves, but seek to silence all your speech. I see what dangerously appears to me to be the social media equivalent of book-burning occurring daily. I feel that some have lost their appreciation for the critical importance of an unfettered marketplace of ideas. One of the many reasons that I was proud to present this episode about the unquestionably talented Mr Harburg is precisely because I oppose the very idea of silencing voices
    17
  1023. Thanks for the idea!
    17
  1024. And Omar's was and odd path to get here.
    17
  1025. Give me a decade or so
    17
  1026. That is Pookie, and he will sit in her lap forever. I am, apparently, just the help that provides the food...
    17
  1027. Ray Nagel I am sorry for your loss.
    17
  1028. https://youtu.be/tGlLwtqhUKE
    17
  1029. The Yankees largely refuse to admit that they were once Orioles
    17
  1030. In fact many of the Kansas troops were "galvanized Yankees," -Confederate POWs who could escape prison by volunteering to fight Indians on the frontier.
    17
  1031. Thank you for your service. Agreed, despite the numerous possibilities, the lack of answers is still distressing.
    17
  1032. This one? https://youtu.be/p0gRHgwSGhE
    17
  1033. To learn from the past. To give context to who we are. To be entertained.
    17
  1034. To be very clear, the episode was about history, and was in no way intended as an analogy for the current discussion over border security. But, I think we can safely say that the walls did make it much harder for people to get into Tyre. Had they had no walls and a bridge, they would not have been able to defend themselves nearly so long as they did.
    17
  1035. 9:05 is Fort Jefferson: https://www.nps.gov/drto/learn/historyculture/fort-jefferson.htm. 9:49 is Fort Clinch: https://www.floridastateparks.org/fortclinch
    17
  1036. Thank you! "Hidden gem" is high praise!
    16
  1037. Carolyn Howk while there is reason to doubt the Portuguese privateer claim, I have to admit that the concept of a tortoise pirate is too good to ignore.
    16
  1038. Carolyn Howk she was amazing- fearless. She is the product of being raised under the philosophy that she could do whatever she set her mind to.
    16
  1039. There was actually some significant support for socialism in Germany between the wars. I don't know that Lenin was correct that the revolution would spread, but it is not an outlandish idea.
    16
  1040. The crew attempted to feather the prop, but the mechanism did not function properly, and the propeller continued to windmill. Again, I am not a mechanic, I am simply stating what was recorded at the time. My description is well documented.
    16
  1041. The Democrat-Republicans were different that the modern republican party, yes.
    16
  1042. I will likely do an episode eventually in the stahlhelm.
    16
  1043. Feel free to email thehistoryguyYT@gmail.com
    16
  1044. Neuschwanstein Castle was used during the Second World War by the Third Reich both to store stolen art and as a headquarters for the Nazi program to loot art throughout Europe. While many locations were used to store stolen art, Neuschwanstein was considered an "ideal location" by Hitler because it sits close to the Austrian border. Because the castle was undamaged, and an allied spy had managed to keep good records of what went there, the stolen works at Neuschwanstein were recovered in relatively good condition.
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  1045. I know!
    16
  1046. There is certainly continuing controversy about the 20 medals awarded at the massacre at Wounded Knee, both in terms of the nature of the action and the standards for the medal. But that massacre was not, by any means, the battle that "saw the most Medals of Honor awarded." 120 were awarded for actions at the Battle of Vicksburg, 30 for the Battle of Chapin's Farm, 24 for the Battle of Little Bighorn, which were awarded under the new, stricter standards. Despite the standards becoming much stricter and the MOH becoming part of a hierarchy of awards, 53 were awarded for the Battle of the Meuse-Argonne, 27 were awarded for the Battle of Iwo Jima.
    16
  1047. Dean Stuart so it has been claimed.
    16
  1048. Great story! Thanks! I di think I will eventually do an episode on Gable's WWII service.
    16
  1049. My understanding was that, when penetrated, the iron hulls also left jagged holes that could not be easily plugged. She was also a sidewheel design, and the Admiralty decided that screws were more effective for combat ships.
    16
  1050. The Australians played an enormous role in the spring offensive. It is a relatively new development that Australia has started to acknowledge their role on the Western front rather than focusing on Gallipoli. https://youtu.be/zL0JHPD0uOk
    16
  1051. https://the-history-guy.creator-spring.com/listing/THGPirates?product=46
    16
  1052. Sorry, that is not correct. Eight VC’s have historically been forfeited for serious misconduct.
    16
  1053. That is an interesting comparison- very astute.
    16
  1054.  @DT-sb9sv  the story- simply the history of how the anthropologists came to their conclusions- simply does not lend itself to the assertion that politics were involved. Nor is there any apparent sensible motive for doing so. A paleo-DNA laboratory at Lakehead University matched the mitochondrial DNA better ween the purported Casimir Pulaski remains and the known remains of his grand-niece. The remains were also consistent with the historical record of Pulaski, including a recorded war injuries. Yes, intersex is rare. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, the explanation considered most likely for Pulaski, is about 1 in 20,000. And yet it is consistent with what we know of his characteristics.
    16
  1055.  @harlech2  technical specs here: https://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USA/ref/TM/PDFs/TME9-369A_Germ88.pdf
    16
  1056. That was, and I am sorry I missed it at the time, our cat snoring.
    16
  1057. SRD my name is Lance and my degree is from the University of Colorado.
    16
  1058. LOL I figured that out too. Photon torpedoes as opposed to phasers.
    16
  1059. Lol
    16
  1060. My daughter is already in school for the fall semester. But no, it doesn’t feel very autumnal in Southern Illinois.
    16
  1061. Thank you so much for this comment. That is the sort of difference I hoped to make when I started this channel. I am sorry for your loss.
    16
  1062. Bradley Greenwood yeah- pretty much with ya there.
    16
  1063. Tragic story. So sorry for your loss. Happy Birthday Robby.
    16
  1064. The movie is now public domain. There is a clip in the video.
    16
  1065. The movie had a dubious connection to history...
    16
  1066. Fair point.
    16
  1067. James Conlon it was captured by the Portuguese and eventually wrecked in a storm. Some of the crew eventually made their way back to Spain.
    16
  1068. kirby lane there are both higher and lower estimates, and the real count is impossible to determine. I think the four million is closest to the historical consensus, but would not be surprised if the overall count was much higher.
    16
  1069. Crosses with a hidden stanhope of The Lord's Prayer are among the most common types that were sold.
    16
  1070. Allan Richardson but commodities do not move in baskets. As the bushel has become notional, all we have is the weights. And, thus, we still have multiple different “bushels.”
    16
  1071. Eric Taylor a group called the Sentinelese reside on North Sentinel island and still refuse outside contact. The Onge are now much reduced in size and, while protected, have contact with the government.
    16
  1072. Ian Colquhoun it is not at all a well known story in the US.
    16
  1073.  @brotherpaulv  I suspect that the military continues to be interested in the use of weather manipulation as a force multiplier as suggested in the 1996 document. The extent to which anyone has developed the capability is not clear.
    16
  1074. It is a map. My sons gave it to me for Father's Day.
    16
  1075. Big Blue I suspect that is it easier to con the greedy. They did choose their marks well.
    16
  1076. Public interest and press coverage. These murders had a salacious element that attracted public attention.
    16
  1077. Not exactly an award- but you might say I chose well…
    16
  1078. Our analytics show that no one was watching the "outtro," so we removed it.
    16
  1079. Amy Wright yeah, she got a couple of meows in.
    16
  1080. As several viewers have noticed, I misstated the dates of the the plague of Paris by a couple of centuries. The outbreak referenced in the episode occurred between 1348 and 1350. I apologize for the error. Many people have commented that the episode was confusing. Obviously that was not my intent. The main plot, however, includes just two factions- the Orleans/Armagnacs and the Burgundians- over just two generations, under a single monarch.
    16
  1081. Jose Oswaldo De Peralta quinine was often recommended by doctors in 1918, although generally acknowledged now to have been ineffective. The recommendation was likely because quinine was effective against malaria, whose symptoms include fever. In terms of today, some anti-malarial drugs showed early success in research against coronaviruses like MERS and SARS, and so have been a continued area of study.
    16
  1082. Thank you for your support!
    16
  1083. The Boyle Special actually continued to race in the Indy 500 until 1953.
    16
  1084. Very much “inspired by.” O’Brien made the ship French. Ironically, the trick Aubrey uses to draw in the the Acheron in the movie- pretending to be a whaler- is actually the ploy that Porter used on HMS Alert.
    16
  1085. Soren Peterson I understand that some have taken now to the term “quint cities” to include all five. But in the time of John Looney, Bettendorf was a quarter the size of East Moline. Its growth really came with the Alcoa plant in 1948. I mean no disrespect to the Iowa side, but in the mid twenties when Looney was called the Vice King of the Quad Cities, they were not yet talking about Bettendorf.
    16
  1086. A number of documents were released via a Freedom Of Information Act Request, but a surprising amount is still redacted. For example, we have a cover sheet describing a report, but not the report, and a letter to the president that literally just has the address line and is otherwise entirely redacted.
    16
  1087. Thank you for your service.
    16
  1088. In some ways safer, in some ways more dangerous. Women were particularly vulnerable, and she easily could have been mistreated in captivity. But that was part of the point in terms of working as a spy- as a woman she appeared less threatening, and she had a good excuse to be behind lines.
    16
  1089. Actually a virus, not a bacteria.
    16
  1090. You'll have to hash that out with Mrs History Guy. ;)
    15
  1091. Agreed, I think it would make a good film.
    15
  1092. Why? A great deal of content today is streamed digitally, quite unlike the broadcast era. What percentage of people still use antenna television? (Which is, of course, now also digital.)
    15
  1093. They did know that it was extraordinary- a crowd was described watching the power and light building in Spearfish as it displayed the temperature on the side of the building.
    15
  1094. LOL yes, that was supposed to be in there. Only a couple of people have noticed.
    15
  1095. Correct, my mistake.
    15
  1096.  @wkdravenna  We understand that some people do not prefer sponsored content. WE only do two sponsored episodes a month. Not only do we personally endorse the product, but the sponsorship helps us to keep producing content.
    15
  1097. Get what? And what could "this kind" mean when this story is literally unique. The exciting point, from history, is that this story has been uniquely preserved. The narrative, in his own handwriting, unedited, is in the Library of Congress.
    15
  1098. I am so sorry for your loss.
    15
  1099. It is a natural for of cellulose, and plastics made from plant based polymers are seeing a bit of a renaissance.
    15
  1100. That is an interesting question. Of course her situation was unique, being the daughter of a slave of African descent and an Irish indentured servant. Comparing her experience to slaves taken in Africa by Africans, or Christian slaves taken by Islamic slavers in Morocco, or slaves taken by native Americans in battle, or the slavery of serfdom in Europe, the part that rings true among them all is that freedom is superior to slavery. She is among the few to have been able to escape and bear witness to that truth.
    15
  1101. Claim your SPECIAL OFFER for MagellanTV here: https://try.magellantv.com/thehistoryguy. Start your free trial TODAY so you can watch Helicopter Warfare https://www.magellantv.com/series/helicopter-warfare
    15
  1102. The two are, surprisingly, related. The Clovis culture was named after the town of Clovis New Mexico, as the distinct stone tools of the culture were found nearby. Clovis New Mexico was a town built by the AT&SF as a coaling stop, and was named after Clovis, King of the Francs because the station manager's daughter had studied about him in school.
    15
  1103. Gusenberg's last words are a matter of speculation, but it is certain that he didn't reveal any names. I find Dean O'Banion's last words well illustrate how the mobsters saw the police. When asked who shot him, he replied "My mudder did it."
    15
  1104. I grew up not far from Buffalo Gap
    15
  1105. That Glengarry was gifted to me by an RSM.
    15
  1106. The ad is approximately ninety seconds. We understand that not all viewers appreciate sponsored episodes. We usually produce twelve episodes a month, two of which will be sponsored. If you do not prefer sponsored ads, please enjoy the 5/6ths of our episodes without the sponsored content. Alternatively, YouTube channel members and Patrons on Patreon are provided versions without the sponsored content.
    15
  1107. mikhailv67 two Bathurst class corvettes have been preserved as attractions. HMAS Castlemain in Williamstown, Victoria, and HMAS Whyalla in Whyalla.
    15
  1108. It was captured by the Portuguese and eventually wrecked at anchor. Some of the crew eventually made it back to Spain.
    15
  1109. Yeah- some pretty gritty stuff. Another reason why the allies didn't want news of this riot getting out.
    15
  1110. SPL-316 they had been given all tracer ammunition, which would have been quite intimidating. It has not been revealed whether they had authorization to shoot the plane down, but no shots were apparently fired.
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  1111. There is some overlap with the services, but the difference really is that this is a scientific organization in peacetime. That has resulted in some conflict as the mission of the service branches is different. That is a reason, for example, that the weather bureau was moved from the Army corps of signals, where it floundered competing for resources.
    15
  1112. I know. It seems incongruous that Orville was around long enough to see helicopters and jet airplanes.
    15
  1113. Absolutely correct. I don't know what I was thinking. Thank you!
    15
  1114. Ryan Cargill aww c’mon, Illinois has now had two Governors in a row who haven’t been indicted.
    15
  1115. I am not sure how you mean. It is not apocryphal that John Reno concluded his autobiography with those words. That is literally the truth.
    15
  1116. jackofswords7 I try, but don’t have a hat for every topic.
    15
  1117. I grew up in Hot Springs and we went to Flintstones Village rather frequently. I mostly recall the rides in Fred and Barney’s car. Sadly, it is now closed. The Dino sculpture at 15:11 is, I am told, all that is left.
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  1118. I respect your opinion. But I contend that a fundamental reason for studying history is to avoid repeating mistakes. I would find it very dangerous to ignore the history of human conflict.
    15
  1119. Martin S there was speculation that the door was faulty. It would have been terrible luck for them both to fall at once. And, if so, who put the engines to idle?
    15
  1120.  @HM2SGT  that is Pocky, who sadly never met Pookie.
    15
  1121.  @skussy69  lol it is actually neither- it is a blow-up toy from The Tank Museum.
    15
  1122. Misaka Mikoto that is a good thought, but annotations may not be used in conjunction with end screens. I do wish that YouTube made it easier to make corrections.
    15
  1123. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/20167712/ota-benga
    15
  1124.  @robertschumann7737  there was a coroner’s jury following the shooting, and people who definitely knew Billy agreed it was his body. The Brushy Bill story requires a wide conspiracy.
    15
  1125. Sharyar Khan that is a very fair point. There are two sides to every story and every battle. I meant no disrespect to you and your people.
    15
  1126. There is that small part of the northeast that still remembers when he was the hero of Saratoga.
    15
  1127. Thank you for your service.
    15
  1128. Dale Raby someone else had pointed that out as well. Thanks! If I redo this one I will change the pronunciation. I do want to get up to visit the museum.
    15
  1129. There were native crab apples, but apples came over with the earliest European settlement. https://youtu.be/Isq1-htLiEk
    15
  1130. Artur M. That is a great point. Kościuszko’s role in the American revolution is very much under appreciated.
    15
  1131. They are custom, so we don’t sell them on the merch site.
    15
  1132. I use a service called Viddyoze
    15
  1133. Skip the waitlist and invest in blue-chip art for the very first time by signing up for Masterworks: https://masterworks.art/historyguy Purchase shares in great masterpieces from artists like Pablo Picasso, Banksy, Andy Warhol, and more. 🎨 See important Masterworks disclosures: http://masterworks.io/cd
    15
  1134. I agree.
    15
  1135. Thank you! I'm glad you've enjoyed the videos.
    15
  1136. LOL
    15
  1137. safer doolie that is a good story we will likely tell at some point.
    15
  1138. Respectfully, it looks like you are likely to see exactly what you wish to see.
    15
  1139.  @vinnydaq13  his name is Pocky.
    15
  1140. Well thank you!
    15
  1141. It is. The ship was named after the port of Wyhdah. https://youtu.be/2GZgf1j1n78
    15
  1142. I think they were close to the lines and simply turned them over to nearby troops.
    15
  1143. Thank you for your service!
    15
  1144. Correct, William Griffiths died in action at Isandlwana. The entire second battalion of the 24th was not killed at Isandlwana- only one company of the battalion was present at the battle. But the men of that company did die to the man. Three privates of the 1/24th were among the few survivors.
    15
  1145. PolarBearPegLeg no, the plane did not take off from the levee. It took off from the road in front of the NASA Michaud Assembly Facility that was next to the levee. It was an achievement that it did not have to be disassembled, but it was towed a short distance.
    15
  1146. An interesting issue, though, is that prior plans seem to have operated under the assumption that the new pandemic would be an influenza.
    15
  1147. https://teespring.com/new-history-guy-pirates?tsmac=store&tsmic=the-history-guy&pid=369&cid=6512&sid=back
    15
  1148. The Dreyse needle-gun was a game-changer in the 1866 Austro-Prussian war against the muzzle loading Lorenz rifle, but by the time of the Franco-Prussian war the French had deployed the superior Chassepot rifle. The difference was in tactics and mobilization.
    15
  1149. I think that is Robert Wadlow. Robert Wadlow, The Tallest Man in History https://youtu.be/Vk6ge4-XUMk
    15
  1150. I have not. I intended to talk about it in this video, but there was just not enough time to include it. The event you mention occurred at a hunt in Mississippi in November of 1902, when President Roosevelt refused to shoot a bear that had been captured and tied to a tree. A cartoon of the event was published in the Washington Post, and a toy maker named Morris Michtom was inspired to make a stuffed toy bear and sell it under the name "Teddy's bear."
    15
  1151. Richard Gatling himself sent three guns to Horace Greeley. At the time Gatling was trying to get a government contract, and sending them to Greeley at the New York Times was something of a publicity stunt. The guns were not fired during the riot, but were moved to windows where they apparently offered sufficient threat to deter attacks on the building. The rarity of Gatling guns in the Civil War was not an availability issue. Gatling aggressively attempted to get a contract, but was opposed by the Army ordnance department, which saw repeating weapons as encouraging the waste of ammunition.
    15
  1152. Dean Stuart in some ways that is a fair comparison.
    15
  1153. I intend to be around for quite some time yet. But it is delightful to be working with my son, who is now a full time member of the team.
    15
  1154. We may well do an episode on Isaac Davis. https://youtu.be/JXwvMx4Abe8
    15
  1155. Walter Brennan rocks, but My Darling Clementine had him dying after the gunfight at the O.K. Corral. I love the movie Tombstone, but it is still a movie. A couple of Earps, for instance, were left out. The death of Curly Bill was more or less accurately portrayed, but the death of Johnny Ringo far more speculative. And, of course, Old Man Clanton wasn't even in the movie. I find the three massacres as interesting as the gunfight. i wonder why I've never seen them in a movie.
    15
  1156. Items recovered from the ship were auctioned, but I found no reference to what happened to the parrot.
    15
  1157. I lived in Hot Springs. I remember our baby-sitter's parents had gone to Rapid City for dinner, and we were listening to the radio for any news. We did not get quite as much rain in the south, but I vividly recall the pounding rain that night.
    15
  1158. I’ve been posting long form every Monday, Wednesday and Friday for nearly seven years.
    15
  1159. nexo567 I am not obligated to write on anything I don’t want to. It is no “copout” to avoid a topic that will only raise hackles and not answer unanswerable questions. This is YouTube, if you think the topic needs to be covered, make a video.
    15
  1160. I agree.
    15
  1161. That is our daughter the History munchkin.
    14
  1162. It is rom the Illiad. I am sorry, I don't know why I said Aeneid.
    14
  1163. ltyr2002 fair point
    14
  1164. I am home now. I have an aunt and uncle in Galveston, and have been there many times.
    14
  1165. Given the color of his jacket, it should be Colonel Turmeric.
    14
  1166. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGibUtzcMLD-RhxCcE5xURFq
    14
  1167. The Articles of Association were a different document than the Articles of Confederation.
    14
  1168. That is a sad fact that many do not realize- very few who were part of Operation Neptune were still in the line 100 days later.
    14
  1169. Evan n taxonomists have yet to agree that the Atlas Mountain, or North African elephant ever existed. There is no physical example, just descriptions in ancient texts. In brief, historians have made that assumption, but biologists have not. It may be simply a myth, and that is the subject that I am addressing in the video. The Assyrian elephant was a subspecies, the westernmost range of the Asiatic elephant. Polybius noted elephants at Trebia, but not thereafter in the campaign. That suggests that at least a meaningful number survived the crossing, but not the winter.
    14
  1170. Wow! Thanks for reaching out! I agree, and will likely get an episode out on the other survivors in the future.
    14
  1171. Thanks for the details! And thank you for your service!
    14
  1172. George Colley yup! It was my office- and full of hats- long before The History Guy started broadcasting.
    14
  1173. mobyhead1 yes, you caught me on both. I used the picture of the similar Martin 130, also operated by Pan Am, because it had the Golden Gate in the background, and that is the Pan Am building built in 1961, now called the Met Life building. All media in the channel is in the Public Domain, so I have to work with what is available.
    14
  1174. Yes, the Miami was originally part of the Revenue Cutter Service.
    14
  1175. chas sisom yes, the Germans operated by “Cruiser rules” until the introduction of Q-ships made that too dangerous for the U-boat crews.
    14
  1176. Happy New Year!
    14
  1177. Dean Stuart hopefully the Scottish nationalists will forgive me.
    14
  1178. https://www.quora.com/In-English-grammar-can-the-word-unique-be-qualified-with-a-superlative-for-example-more-unique
    14
  1179. Yes, there were many complaints about Ernest King and his initial actions.
    14
  1180. That smell would have permeated the entire city that is still commonly called "Bean Town."
    14
  1181. Head to https://squarespace.com/thehistoryguy to save 10% off your first purchase of a website or domain using THEHISTORYGUY
    14
  1182. She did, as well as in California and Arizona, and later in England and Switzerland.
    14
  1183. Sorry, I did not explain that well. Johnston island is 596 acres. The 1.06 miles is total land area including Johnston, Sand, and two smaller artificially created islands.
    14
  1184. LOL
    14
  1185. Frankenship!
    14
  1186. 🌏 Get exclusive NordVPN deal here ➵ https://NordVPN.com/thehistoryguy It’s risk free with Nord’s 30 day money-back guarantee!✌
    14
  1187. I do the editing, and sometimes collecting the PD images takes almost as long as writing the script.
    14
  1188. No one was suggesting anything other than Gulf of Mexico in 1810
    14
  1189. Well, if you aren't willing to watch a simple ad to make these possible, good riddance. I am not going to apologize for getting fair compensation for my work.
    14
  1190. Head to https://squarespace.com/thehistoryguy to save 10% off your first purchase of a website or domain using THEHISTORYGUY
    14
  1191. Robert Telarket agreed . But, to me, if you can’t discern my political views in my telling of history, I have done my job well.
    14
  1192. My mistake! USS Carl Vinson was the third of the Nimitz Class. Thanks for the correction!
    14
  1193. Turnsole80 the same.
    14
  1194. If you wish to send a historical item, I promise to take care of it and occasionally display it on set. You can send it to: The History Guy, P.O. Box 1437, O'Fallon, Il, 62269.
    14
  1195. The Hearst connection is interesting. Moore worked for the organization that Willam Hearst started to respond to criticism from the SLA.
    14
  1196. It is a very broad region with a lot of fascinating history.
    14
  1197. Bacteriophages actually look very much like a metal screw with spider legs.
    14
  1198. Matthew E the history of slouch hats is not irrelevant
    14
  1199. We did not seek to glorify him. We sought to present a historically accurate picture of him.
    14
  1200. Eric Taylor no no- they gave the whisky to the Coast Guardsmen. I suspect they knew exactly what to do with it...
    14
  1201. Ooos you are correct- the reference I was looking at was in KPH. Sorry!
    14
  1202. Hey, lava lamps are part of my history...
    14
  1203. Yes- that accidental shot was used to help pinpoint the location of the collision, although it was too distant to discern details of the planes' movement.
    14
  1204. That guy who cannot abide I mean literally, YT rejected the tag as having too many characters. The tag was too long for the system.
    14
  1205. george martin there will be another episode (or two) on Mr Sickles.
    14
  1206. jsfbr literally forced into combat with hot brands. Terrible really.
    14
  1207. He's pretty good sized, yes.
    14
  1208. I have no idea what you mean by that, but I have no agenda to propagandize.
    14
  1209. Apparently from the start. Even chimpanzees choose leaves that deter bugs.
    14
  1210. I am glad that you are here to tell the tale!
    14
  1211. Colonialism destroyed much of the archaeological and cultural record.
    14
  1212. nevyen a fireman and a clown walk into a brothel: https://youtu.be/RYUhKcJAsrQ
    14
  1213. That is my collection- if you have questions about any of the pieces I would be happy to answer.
    14
  1214. Planned for Monday
    14
  1215. Two different events. There was a Cypriot crisis in 1963/64 and a coup in 1974.
    14
  1216. Good point- that is even a fancy one with a switch.
    14
  1217. Murphy wouldn’t approve...
    14
  1218. Always signed off by playing the national anthem.
    14
  1219. Most people who investigated concluded they sincerely believed the fairy story, but that is impossible to know for sure.
    14
  1220. That is an interesting question. The discussion around the development of the film suggests that the relationship between the young hacker and the scientist was the basis of the idea, and several military scenarios were considered. I can't see a reference to this event exactly, but the timing would make sense.
    14
  1221. I corrected an error in the previous version where I mistakenly said a previous accident happened in Arkansas when it in fact happened in Kansas. I added the section on the risk of detonation, as viewers complained that, in the previous video, I had made it seem too likely. I added that the socket head bounced before hitting the missile, when I had left out of the previous video, as well as the speculation that the explosion was triggered by turning on the fan. Both of those were suggested by viewers. I changed the very end (about the last ten seconds) to make the conclusion clearer. I switched to the new intro and outro.
    14
  1222. LOL I get in trouble whatever I do.
    14
  1223. Take a trip with The History Guy to the United Kingdom, June 15 - 20. https://trovatrip.com/trip/europe/england/united-kingdom-with-lance--geiger-jun-2024
    14
  1224. That is a great point. he seemed to appreciate America more than much of the native born crowd.
    14
  1225. Jeff Hinrichs I think they should have stuck with it!
    14
  1226. I agree. But, of course, sometimes oral history is all that you have.
    14
  1227. Ian Brannan this episode happened to focus on US military history, and the Christmas truce was before the US entered the war. But I did talk about it in this episode: https://youtu.be/xUVPTr2j0ok
    14
  1228. Respectfully, Herodotus used the term Palestine to refer to the area pf the former kingdom of Canaan in the fifth century BC, and Palestine was the name commonly used for the region at the time of the Seleucid conquest.
    14
  1229. You are correct- i should have said geographic north, not magnetic north.
    14
  1230. I am sorry- but I won't weigh in on politics here, even when it pertains to how the nation preserves history. It is not that I do not have stands, it is that I do not wish to impose them on others via this platform. If that causes you to unsubscribe, I am sorry to see you go, but I cannot dictate what your conscience tells you to do.
    14
  1231. There are actually surprisingly few SR-71 images in the Public Domain, a disproportionate number of which are in NASA colors.
    14
  1232.  @chainweaver3361  CEO fits- he does seem to run the place, yet do no apparent work.
    14
  1233. Tambora was more explosive, and had a more notable effect on climate. The 1881 eruption of Krakatoa was a VEI 6 eruption, so Tambora ejected roughly ten times the pyroclastic material.
    14
  1234. Play Enlisted now for free on PC, PlayStation or Xbox. Use my link https://playen.link/thehistoryguy to register. New players on PC will also receive a special bonus pack that includes multiple items, 4000 Silver and 3 days of premium account! The offer is available for a limited time only, so make sure not to miss it!”
    14
  1235. Yes, I deliberately avoid getting into arguments about current politics. The goal is to present history, and let people come to their own conclusions. And, certainly, I do not want to turn people off because of political views. I strive for a fair view of history, although I admit that it is impossible for a historian to completely remove himself from the telling of history. Do you mean JAL 123? Yes, I am sure I will have an episode on that accident. Such a terrible tragedy.
    14
  1236. Tulagi would eventually be transformed into a significant naval base, but in November 1942 it was still contested territory. It is astounding, given the lack of facilities, that the Seabees were able to fabricate a temporary bow for Minneapolis.
    14
  1237. It actually had a terrible service record that was a result of both aircraft and training issues. 10% of the airframes built were total losses due to accident.
    14
  1238. Lol had to be a draft horse, because he’d have to have been drafted to take that job.
    14
  1239. His autobiography would have been enlightening.
    14
  1240. iam501dsr ss Thank you for your service!
    13
  1241. Yes, over my left shoulder is my Great Uncle George, who died at Anzio in 1944. Over my right shoulder is my Great Uncle Henry, who died in the Great War. The flag is for George. It has 48 stars.
    13
  1242. The newspapers didn’t say. In 1977 he indicated that it had not been repaired, so presumably not.
    13
  1243. Thank you!
    13
  1244. I also grew up in South Dakota, and recall how many silos dotted the landscape. The owner has kept and maintained the fence at Lima-2.
    13
  1245. Yes- Arkansas standing on her stern
    13
  1246. windshear33 neither Woster nor Wooster is spelled Worcester. Respectfully, if there is a anomaly in the pronunciation of English place names, it lies with the English, who seem to be playing some cruel joke on the rest of the world. I do do my best, and use standard pronunciation guides, but there are always complaints with pronunciation. I sincerely apologize to any location whose name I butcher. It isn’t personal, I promise. I suppose I should count myself lucky it wasn’t a Welsh place name...
    13
  1247. Star of the West was eventually captured and served with the CSA Navy.
    13
  1248. Seriously, every use of multiple colors is not an expression of sexuality. No, sir, no statement being made here.
    13
  1249. No sponsor would pay us for that. The point of paying to sponsor is to highlight their product.
    13
  1250. The sandwich was invented in the United States, and is named after a Hotel in Everett Washington.
    13
  1251. Stuart Smith the comment made me laugh a bit- I spend a good deal of effort (largely unsuccessfully) trying to keep her snoring out of the audio. I’d put her on camera more, but she doesn’t accept direction. I promise, though, she is very involved in the process.
    13
  1252. Despite the video, I am partial to cherry.
    13
  1253. There are many examples, and I plan to tell some of those stories in future episodes.
    13
  1254. The jail Museum is a lot of fun- there is a display in the very front on the top floor. There is also a mural on the highway now as well.
    13
  1255. Your life is still history.
    13
  1256. The US has the largest freight rail network in the world. But we do not have passenger rail like other nations.
    13
  1257. Bob Smith sorry, that is a myth. Your dog will happily eat your face. Interesting discussion of that here: http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/explainer/2011/07/would_your_dog_eat_your_dead_body.html
    13
  1258. Two this time. The kittens are very curious about filming.
    13
  1259. One of the fixes was to install a small, pressure protected window that allowed the crewman to look inside and see that the latching mechanism was properly engaged. But the instructions on the Turkish Airlines plane were only written in Turkish and English, and the ground crewman was Algerian and could read neither. What I read in the research suggested that the issue was not so much the cost of the fix, but the loss of time to market and the need to get another airworthiness certificate. Still , it was clearly a bad choice.
    13
  1260. Use code thehistoryguy at https://incogni.com/thehistoryguy to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan.
    13
  1261. None of the various justifications excuses a practice that, from the very start, even its practitioners seemed to grasp was morally wrong. I am not seeking to place some blame, but Lovejoy was correct on the issue, and I hope that every single person in the nation grasps that.
    13
  1262. Drakilicious Mercy and Comfort were actually both undergoing maintenance in Janurary. But they were built to treat trauma, and are not well designed to contain infectious disease. But a quarantine ship like the Florence Nightingale does sound like a good idea again.
    13
  1263. They actually built ventilators during Covid from car parts. No matter your opinion of Ford, they can sure make stuff.
    13
  1264. Always seemed an odd slogan.
    13
  1265. He was very careful about never committing a crime and scrupulously paying his taxes. But it was clearly very taxing for him to have to be constantly on guard.
    13
  1266. Eek!
    13
  1267. Cat, that is the point. Tutankhamun got more attention because there wasn't a war going on.
    13
  1268. Yes, the tour is next Fall. People like to plan for such things.
    13
  1269. Up-a-Creek I understand your position. But that is all in how people choose to interpret history, and I cannot control that. These events are history- they happened. I think it wrong to try to pretend them away because some disagree with how others choose to apply the lessons of history to today. You and your friend (or former friend,) are entitled to your own opinions, but not your own facts.
    13
  1270. Ryan Cargill as long as there’s a USA don’t let his memory die!
    13
  1271.  @iKvetch558  in his book LeMay says it was his decision, necessitated by weather that made precision bombing ineffective.
    13
  1272. Per usual, we are not making any comments about current politics. Respectfully, there are plenty of places on the web to have those discussions.
    13
  1273. The palms on Johnston were transplanted there- they are not native.
    13
  1274. Good catch. That picture is from an illumination of the 1347 battle of Roche-Derrien. The handle does seem quite long compared to the blade, but I suspect it is intended to represent a hand-and-a-half sword, also called a "bastard sword," whose handle was designed especially long so that the sword could be wielded either one or two handed. Or, um, maybe the sword was longer and was broken in battle?
    13
  1275. Misaka Mikoto once a video is uploaded to YouTube you cannot make changes. You cannot re-upload to the same link.
    13
  1276. https://youtu.be/WuNCCVXV9cw?si=VaBt1EFlV7RH3E86
    13
  1277. Those were used for munitions during World War II. I believe they have been refurbished as "doomsday bunkers." https://www.argusleader.com/story/news/2018/07/09/doomsday-bunker-take-look-inside-showroom-bunker-near-edgemont-south-dakota/767800002/
    13
  1278. The TU-144 was interesting, and might be the subject of an episode in the future.
    13
  1279. That was true in the 1930s, yes.
    13
  1280. I am paying $4.99 a month, which is well worth it for us.
    13
  1281. It was in June 1969
    13
  1282. There are actually two different possibilities. The remains of two boys were found in a box buried under a staircase in the tower by workmen in 1674. The bones were interred in Westminster Abbey. In 1789 a hidden vault was discovered off if the tombs if Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville in St George’s chapel, Windsor containing the coffins of two unidentified children. None of these remains have bern DNA tested, as it would require Royal assent, and the monarch has so far not granted such assent.
    13
  1283. Play Conflict of Nations for FREE on PC, iOS or Android: https://con.onelink.me/kZW6/THG001 Receive a Unique Starter Pack, available only for the next 30 days!
    13
  1284. Apparently there was simply enough space in the barn.
    13
  1285. I think we underestimate oral history and record keeping and the complexity and capability of civilizations. Certain;y we have archaeological evidence that suggests surprising skills and abilities.
    13
  1286. I try to get in there and clean them up, but don't always have time, that is, in fact, the reason I was a few minutes late posting today.
    13
  1287. Not at all- I cannot imagine running out of topics.
    13
  1288. Yes, the pilot received a decoration (it is not clear exactly what) and the tugboat captain received a watch.
    13
  1289. Yup. He fully qualified as a B-17 crewman.
    13
  1290. That is why I got a Galea for my cubicle. :)
    13
  1291. scott garvey she was a clerk-typist. The cause of the crash is still listed as “unknown.”
    13
  1292. Matthew Munn LOL yes, it is a reproduction.
    13
  1293. Dawn Alderman Bunga Bunga!
    13
  1294. For the record, I said "shoot." ;)
    13
  1295. Bartosz Szczeciński absolutely true- a massive loss of leadership.
    13
  1296. First, lol, it is THG, not THC. The History Guy. I understand your point.but the argument that the Eagle boats did not revolutionize shipbuilding was not made by me, but by David A Hounshell of Carneggie mellon university- a historian specializing in the history of technology. His position is that techniques for building cars did not translate well to shipbuilding. Aside from very small boats, no one has again attempted to regularly build ships in a factory rather than a shipyard. Actually, neither Higgins boats nor liberty ships revolutionized shipbuilding either. Both represented, like the Eagle boats, war exigencies but not sustainable methods. Most liberty ships faced significant problems with hull buckling. Those vessels were also built in shipyards, not inside a factory. The difference in institutional knowledge between the two is where Hounshell says the process failed.
    13
  1297. Thank you for the feedback. YouTube premium only frees you from Google Ads, not sponsorships. We understand that some viewers do not prefer sponsored ads. That is why we present ample content without. We always clearly indicate at the very start of an episode if it has sponsored content. If you do not enjoy watching or skipping through such ads, then feel free to pass on that episode and watch one of the many we produce (nine or ten a month) without imbedded sponsorship. Alternatively, our channel members and Patreon sponsors are provided versions without the sponsored content.
    13
  1298. Thank you for your service!
    13
  1299. Robert Todd Lincoln had three children and three grandchildren, but the grandchildren all died without issue.
    13
  1300. It is an interesting nickname. There is some question as to what the name really was, as newspapers usually wrote B--S--Jack. Historians usually assume it is what it sounds like, as there wouldn't be another reason for newspapers to hide it. I have not, so far, been able to find an explanation for how he got the name...
    13
  1301. Doc Pedersen that was the subject of a book published in 1882. However, meteors have never otherwise been known to start a fire, and are cool to the touch upon hitting the ground, so the theory has largely been discounted.
    13
  1302. Realite58 an ethnic Turk from Persia is still a Persian. Again, he was the Shah of Persia.
    13
  1303. I may. We have very slim record of how he died.
    13
  1304. I talk about USS Massachusetts, Jean Bart and the Battle of Casablanca here: https://youtu.be/T0o1jNW9wQs
    13
  1305. The rhyme at the time was "I had a little bird. Her name was Enza. I opened the window, and influenza."
    13
  1306. That is an interesting discussion. There had to be far more "nation-builders," and thus much smaller individual contributions, but the Founding Fathers would not have had anything to found without them. Certainly the average people of the colonies during the revolution were important, and deserve to be remembered.
    13
  1307. Actually came from the New York Times.
    13
  1308. Lots of those high water markers in the St Louis area as well. It seems a ubiquitous way to remember history
    13
  1309. "Civilization" means city building. Their ruins alone make them a civilization. We, of course, are not taking a political stand on human sacrifice, but the Spanish can hardly claim to have been less murderous at the time.
    13
  1310. Some of both I would say. I honor his sacrifice, I mourn his loss.
    13
  1311. Good show.
    13
  1312. They are the official bird of Madison...
    13
  1313. Yes, exactly. DNA was recovered and tested vs a known family member. The remains were those of General Pulaski. “Hermaphrodite” is a largely now discarded term for intersex. It is not a psychological condition, it is a medical condition, or, rather, a range of medical conditions. The general had male genitalia and always identified and presented as a male. His condition likely was internal, and unrecognized. It meant that his body produced female hormones that affected his skeletal development. In life its largest effect likely would have been that the Count was likely sterile and unable to father children. In death it means that remains might be misidentified by anthropologists.
    13
  1314. https://youtu.be/H6IlLm-Jwi4
    13
  1315. This is a free version of an English translation of an original translation: https://archive.org/details/thetravelsofmarcopolo_201912/page/n1/mode/2up
    13
  1316. Never met the man, but I wouldn't be opposed.
    13
  1317. https://youtu.be/FTq7i0H6xHQ
    13
  1318. Oorah. Thank you for your service.
    13
  1319. Sorry all- that got out of hand. Mr Kelly won't be commenting on THG again.
    13
  1320. m daudi that is a fair comment. The Afridi were fierce warriors, and have never been subjugated. The Afridi also fought very bravely in the campaign that followed, which is one of the bloodiest in the Victorian era. The Northwest frontier had such a frightening reputation in the British army precisely because the people there were such brave warriors who fiercely defended their lands. I did not intend any disrespect to the Pashtun people or their history. I do think it quite possible that the numbers in attack were exaggerated, and there is a question as to how many of the Afridi died in the fight or were killed by artillery after. Still, by any standard, the number demonstrates the incredible odds the defenders faced. Despite being on the British payroll, the soldiers at Saragarhi stood when most would have run, and held for an extraordinary amount of time against ridiculous odds. And they fought to the last. I believe that the stand deserves respect, no matter your feelings about invaders or empires. And I believe that we can respect that stand without seeing it as an insult to the also very brave men attacking the fort.
    13
  1321. Indeed.
    13
  1322. Worcester is a very old name, likely dating back to Roman times. Such words are more subject to changes in pronunciation. Worcester is likely the victim of both vowel reduction, where unstressed vowels are dropped, and haplology, where speakers drop a syllable that is similar to the next syllable.
    13
  1323. Yes, pun was intended
    13
  1324. That they were, and the stood bravely even knowing the Valentine was out matched. Heroes all.
    13
  1325. Ether Oar it is a map yes. It was a Father’s day present from my sons.
    13
  1326. xxxxCronoxxxx the United States was not choosing to only conduct business with one side. The circumstances of the blockade caused that. The US was operating under the laws of neutral shipping. The voyage of the Deutschland is proof that the US was not prohibiting trade with the Central powers. In fact, Germany wanted to keep the US out of the war. If they wanted to declare us no longer neutral for our support of the allies, they need only have declared war. They chose not to, and instead made covert attacks against a nation with which they were not at war. Neutrality was not just a claim, it was an indisputable legal status that Germany acknowledged whole-heartedly.
    13
  1327. Yes, Gordo was lost at sea.
    13
  1328. Fair point. It was the 5"/51 caliber gun.
    13
  1329. I hear that quite the ceremony is involved.
    13
  1330. Thank you for your service!
    13
  1331. Tom Ortale they would crash or get shot down, and just walk back to the airfield and start again. They were truly an amazing group.
    13
  1332. He wanted to be held
    13
  1333. The very same.
    13
  1334. Eek!
    13
  1335. Yes, the CAP is another story that I plan to tell.
    13
  1336. https://youtu.be/cDwsnpo066g
    13
  1337. Erin Thorkildsen no apology necessary- I didn’t think that you did imply it was political, and was not being defensive. It isn’t clear if it is being reported or just caught in an algorithm. If people are reporting me, they aren’t presenting any apparent argument in the comments. I get people who disagree, as well as various crazies, commenting, but not any “this is inappropriate for YouTube” comment that might explain the issue. My only demand is that the rules be clear and consistent.
    13
  1338. I grew up on Salisbury Steak boiling bags. I wonder if they still sell them...
    13
  1339. Stan! It has been years. Hope all is well with you and yours!
    13
  1340. There are actually quite a few stories of the Malian empire that would make great movie or series plots.
    13
  1341. A weapons expert did testify at trial that the weapon was defective.
    12
  1342. Eric Mathiasen we have three still, although we are still hurting from Penny’s passing. Lucky and Pookie have both made it into episodes. Demi has so far chosen to avoid the limelight.
    12
  1343.  @dougjb7848  yes, there is a Brewers association that provides a specific definition of a craft brewer: 1) Annual production of 6 million barrels or less 2) Less than 25% of the brewery is owned by a beverage alcohol industry member who is not also a craft brewer. 3) Has a TTB (US Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau) brewers notice and makes beer. But the way I portrayed craft brews in the intro is, by the Association description, accurate. The Brewers Association notes: “The hallmark of craft beer and craft brewers is innovation” and “interesting and sometimes non-traditional ingredients are often added for distinctiveness.”
    12
  1344. Thank you for your service.
    12
  1345. Ghrey by coincidence, that is what I had for lunch.
    12
  1346. Thank you for your service.
    12
  1347. I think he’d still find a way to take risks.
    12
  1348. Those numbers are hard to verify, but close air support is invaluable, and certainly saved many allied lives.
    12
  1349. Because it represented the growth in prestige of the Swedish empire. Because it represented development in ship building and design. Because it is the only fully intact seventeenth century ship to be preserved.
    12
  1350. :0
    12
  1351. There were initially Germans on Pantelleria, manning the radar stations. They seem to have left as soon as the bombings began. The attempts by the Luftwaffe to support the island were generally described as lacking enthusiasm. The Germans did not seem particularly interested in defending Pantelleria.
    12
  1352. So it was reported in the New York Times. They did not make it clear when or why they had acquired the weapons...
    12
  1353. Well, this is what pays my bills. If a minute of your time is too much for that, the cats and I I can't starve because you are selfish.
    12
  1354. Yes, "the unready" was his unfortunate moniker, from the Old English Unræd. But it can also be translated as "ill-advised," "ill-prepared," or "indecisive." That Moniker is commonly used, but was actually not coined until 150 years after his death, so it does not necessarily represent how his contemporaries saw him, but rather how he was historically viewed.
    12
  1355. There is certainly an interesting story there, and a lot of unanswered questions.
    12
  1356. That is Pookie. He spent the rest of the time trying to see if he could knock over the camera.
    12
  1357. Big Blue yes, the phrase “rich man’s war, poor man’s fight” was again used to refer to the Vietnam war. Gangs of New York is a fine film, but almost completely historical garbage in the way it portrays the draft riots.
    12
  1358. She is a distinguished vessel.
    12
  1359. effyleven but it is still a street. Look on a map. That is what a street looks like.
    12
  1360. I have been accused of both loving and hating England in this channel. In reality, I think that the colonial era is complex. There was certainly a lot of ego, greed and racism involved in decisions of the empire, but also some, I think sincere, desire to improve the lives of people . The English were, at least, lest rapacious and destructive than some of their European contemporaries were with their imperial holdings.
    12
  1361. They are called Yakhchāl, and several examples still exist.
    12
  1362. I agree completely.
    12
  1363. Yes, that is roughly the process
    12
  1364. j they were not actually cannibals. That was an assumption of the 24th foot, but the Amdamanese do not eat people.
    12
  1365. I was there in May- they let me fire the cannon.
    12
  1366. That is a catch-22 no matter what term we use.
    12
  1367. Thank you for your service.
    12
  1368. Sadly, a movie that, IMHO, did not live up to its promise.
    12
  1369. The event was October 22. I apologize if I misspoke.
    12
  1370. You are very welcome.
    12
  1371. I absolutely agree that the bombardment support from the “old battleships” was a crucial service.
    12
  1372. Tekija.
    12
  1373. Welcome back!
    12
  1374. While “Russian America” reached into Northern California, the Alaska purchase only included the territory comprised of the current state of Alaska. Russia no longer made claims in Northern California. Fort Ross had been sold to a Mexican citizen, and the land acquired by the US after the War with Mexico.
    12
  1375. Two cats made an appearance in this one.
    12
  1376. Good question, and I could not find anything on them specifically. As the crew surrendered in Great Britain, I suspect they either simply stayed or caught a ride home.
    12
  1377. No Static you are crossing a line, sir. Again, I omitted nothing, and you have offered no explanation of what you think should be included that fits the facts. I tried to explain, looking at the political affiliation of the politicians involved, you do not see the Republican/Democrat divide your biases imagine. Just in the examples provided we saw Georgia, Arkansas, D.C., Chicago and Omaha- that is a diverse geography that demonstrates that this was a national issue (frequently described in period press as “the negro problem,”) not just the reactions of a single political party. I am sorry that it is inconvenient to your narrative that a Democrat Mayor in Omaha risked his life to protect a man from lynching and a Republican Mayor in Chicago stood idly by while police allowed gangs to burn the south side. But history is history, and you are the one desperately seeking to impose a bias to fit your worldview.
    12
  1378. Twice.
    12
  1379. Mike Clark I appreciate what you are trying to say. But this was not a “good try,” this was the accepted English pronunciation using pronunciation guides. I was not making a poor effort at a German pronunciation, I was using the pronunciation that would have been used by the sailors aboard USS Mount Hood. Also, remember context. In 1944 the Germans were the enemy, and the US military and media was not trying to replicate German pronunciations of place names.
    12
  1380. Don Balduf again, this is not me making things up, I used credible pronunciation guides. But, come on, Europeans do not, by and large, try to represent American English in America. “Pronounced correctly” has always been from the point of view of the speaker. I stand by my pronunciation here- I pronounced the name exactly correctly for the historical context.
    12
  1381. More than possibly any other, Adams is responsible for our form of government.
    12
  1382. Actually, Otis is still in business and there are working Otis elevators all over. The elevator at the Hassayampa was installed in 1927.
    12
  1383. Harsh
    12
  1384. https://youtu.be/cFHU0ElBwBg
    12
  1385. Dennis Lay correct, many nations were represented.
    12
  1386. Good story! The general complaint that seems to have come from allied POWs in Germany and Italy was that they often did not have enough food. There were, however, egregious violations of the Geneva convention such as the Malmedy massacre.
    12
  1387.  @levitatingoctahedron922  We disabled comments on the LA Chinese massacre because too many became racist. I am aware of no factual inaccuracies in the episode.
    12
  1388.  @bholmes1035  it was covered briefly in this episode: This Day in History: May 29 https://youtu.be/PP0_s7BxkVE
    12
  1389. If only the Department of Agriculture had had a boat...
    12
  1390. Andrew Ongais I honestly don’t know. But yes, they still take on cases that shows that they are still committed to principle.
    12
  1391. I am not embarrassed by the term nerd. And only the very coolest can tie their own bow tie.
    12
  1392. SeanP7195 yes, but not as a permanent force. They were first established in 1775, but were disbanded after the Revolution. Congress only made them a permanent branch during the quasi-war.
    12
  1393. I'm pretty sure this is the accident you mention: https://youtu.be/p0gRHgwSGhE?si=SN4YeiU_POjkkt2S
    12
  1394. We like variety, and get a good number of views for all kinds of history. Our most viewed video is about screwdrivers.
    12
  1395. Why missed me?
    12
  1396. Certainly he enjoyed a privilege of a well-connected family. But many people far more privileged never found their way to a pole, more or less getting there first. If anything, his class suggests that he could have chosen comfort over cold.
    12
  1397. LOL
    12
  1398. Andrew Phillips to my knowledge, that is the first Eddie Izzard reference in the channel. /applauds
    12
  1399. That has been remedied in newer episodes.
    12
  1400. And a guy hanged for piracy.
    12
  1401. Maxime Saindon Charles Bonaparte was an interesting fellow. I doubt that many Americans even know of the “American Bonapartes.” Thanks for bringing him up!
    12
  1402.  @FreihEitner  it was corny, but shucks, popping in with a pun is always sweet to the ear.
    12
  1403. Certainly there is an argument that judgements are anachronistic. Of course ritually chucking people down a hole would be seen as savage today. But from the perspective of a historian, the Maya simply were what they were. Both the Maya and the Spanish were shocked by each other's savagery.
    12
  1404. OhMaDayzz that is a very fair comment. Napoleon was responsible for a number of important social reforms, while Nadir Shah was pretty much constantly campaigning.
    12
  1405.  @DerpsWithWolves  Some of the WASP were hardly teenagers when they started flying, but not quite that young. One initial issue with making them part of WAC was that WAC required enlistees to be twenty-one, while many of the qualified pilots that Nancy Love recruited were younger.
    12
  1406. If you mean Wake of the Red Witch, that movie was based on a novel by Garland Roark and set in the 1860s. It is a cool movie that was recently restored, but I don't see the plot similarity to these Italian ships.
    12
  1407. I have an aunt and uncle there! I love visiting the island!
    12
  1408. I used bits from two silent films from the 1910s-history in themselves.
    12
  1409. The memorial is, apparently, not very prominent given the scope of the tragedy.
    12
  1410. Lol- I was thinking of working that in, but never did.
    12
  1411. There is a reproduction at Oracle Park in San Francisco.
    12
  1412. I don't have staff researchers- I did the research and script for this episode. But I do have various other people who write scripts, and they are the primary researchers on those. There is a spot in the description that indicates who wrote the script.
    12
  1413. Awesome! Thank you!
    12
  1414. There were quite a few harrowing stories- including the horses being present for the bombing of Dresden. In fact, there are stories from previous wars as well. Generations of people have sacrificed to keep this tradition alive.
    12
  1415. That is our cat Pookie who we lost week before last. The picture was done by an online company called Crown and Paw.
    12
  1416. Inspired John those limits have always been there- they are not new. To my disappointment they were not better clarified with the new standards. The application seems to be somewhat capricious.
    12
  1417.  @kenkellar2246  yes. He lingered for almost two months after being shot.
    12
  1418. Toby Bartels I totally muddled a description of Uranus’ orbit and rotation. It was one sentence, but I made a mess of it. But I pulled the video down and reposted this corrected version, so you won’t find it in this episode. We strive for accuracy, but we cover a broad range of topics on a hectic production schedule and do make mistakes. We strive to correct those as best we can.
    12
  1419. That could be a hundred episodes.
    12
  1420. LOL. Hopefully no public Crucifixions involved...
    12
  1421. Nate Jones lol
    12
  1422. Actually, yes, that is on my topic list. The Land Ordinance of 1785 is obscure, but incredibly important.
    12
  1423.  @StevenDietrich-k2w  sadly Pookie passed three years ago. This is Pocky.
    12
  1424. It isn't just one of your holiday games.
    12
  1425. USS Liberty gets mentioned frequently. I absolutely agree that it is history that deserves to be remembered. But I am wary to join such a controversial discussion when I have no new answers, and don’t think it can be appropriately addressed in my relatively short format. I am not saying that I’ll never do it, never say never. But I just don’t think it fits as a good topic for this channel’s voice and format.
    12
  1426. Not a coincidence exactly, I did deliberately release the episode on the anniversary.
    12
  1427.  @mikebronicki8264  under snow, under water. The site was very remote and difficult to locate, and the plane was thought lost at sea. The wreck site wasn’t found until three years after the accident, with no sign of the weapon nor unusual radioactivity. The bomb did not have it’s plutonium trigger, but did include radioactive material. In 2016 a diver found what he thought might be a part of the bomb, but an investigation showed that it was not.
    12
  1428. Correct, although "loosely" is a fair assessment.
    12
  1429.  @Camooses  WoW provided the reel. If that was me, I’d be missing my shots and running into torpedoes.
    12
  1430. Respectfully, I don't think you watched through to the end. Exactly which shot disabled 131 is still unclear, as there were several events going on at the same time. However, the conclusion by researchers at the Tank Museum is that the round that disabled 131 more likely came from a Churchill, not the captured AT gun. The way it is described is that we must accept that the only trained anti-tank gunners firing that day were men of the RTR.
    12
  1431. Kalei K They were and august group: Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, who, in 1804, would be the Federalist party nominee for President. John Marshall, who would later become Adams Secretary of State and then Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court. Elbridge Gerry, who would become Vice President under James Madison.
    12
  1432. Jeanna Stephen it is not an episode on volcanology, it is an episode on one eruption’s impact on history. But I have seen no evidence that the volcanology described in the episode was incorrect.
    12
  1433. In theory it would melt or vaporize the bombs so they could not detonate.
    11
  1434. Added to the list.
    11
  1435. I don’t think you quite get what the topic of the episode was...
    11
  1436. Not yet, no. Maybe in future episodes.
    11
  1437. Blue Boats you are totally correct-my mistake!
    11
  1438. Ian Colquhoun I saw an FAQ about the US Tomb Guards. Someone asked if their guns were loaded. The answer was that, in the current climate, the Army prefers not to discuss security measures. I took that as a yes...
    11
  1439. That is the most common diagnosis today. It doesn't seem to be pyromania, in that he seemed to get no particularly thrill from fire. But he might have suffered from other delusional disorders or, some suggest, post traumatic stress disorder.
    11
  1440. Agreed. The abuse of enslaved people in Zanzibar was said to be exceptionally brutal, and the open market there notorious.
    11
  1441. The introduction has spurred quite a lot of discussion.
    11
  1442. Look more closely…
    11
  1443. I was. I reached the rank of Life Scout.
    11
  1444. Yes, Indian troops were still largely armed with Enfield rifles.
    11
  1445. Five, including an Essex-class fleet carrier and the lead ship of the cruiser class.
    11
  1446. It has never been my intent to denigrate the British and Canadian role in the battle. https://youtu.be/j5d5QOj2Jcs
    11
  1447. Kellan Kelloggs it was Cheshire. It only became part of Merseyside after the Local Government Act of 1972.
    11
  1448. That was my mistake to leave there. Those are clips from Captain Kidd (1945) with Randolph Scott and Charles Laughton. The movie is in the Public Domain, and I used a few clips and forgot some at the end. The full movie is here: https://archive.org/details/CaptainKidd1945RESTORED
    11
  1449. Unknown Traveller the movie was inspired by the 1908 New York to Paris race, yes. Fun film.
    11
  1450. That was actually the sequel to Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines. All very fun films.
    11
  1451. Polyester based microfilm lasts for more than 500 years without degrading. It is actually a very stable form of storage.
    11
  1452. Yes, the evidence is that they died of exposure before they could drown.
    11
  1453. Respectfully, hogwash. It is just as rich for a people who broke with Rome over a petulant king’s wish for divorce to be claiming that their monarchy was derived from above. Why did God favor Edward IV over Henry VI, only to favor Henry VII over Richard III? Why did God give Aquitaine back to the French? What was the cruel truck of divine providence that gave Henry V victory at Agincourt only to die of dysentery? Was George III’s madness a divine gift? Isn’t just as rich that the English, historically notorious land thieves, are still complaining about losing their stolen lands? Simply because a cause is born of one sort of treason doesn’t preclude treason against that cause. That is historical fact seen many times in the history of the realm. It is, in essence, a summary of the history of the Tudors. But the general idea that the end of absolute monarchy represents social decay also seems to ignore the realities of those monarchs. So yes, those born of treason can still see traitors. All of history is written that way.
    11
  1454. Buona Fortuna its been at least three movies, with another in production.
    11
  1455. SandCrabNews I used to tell that story all the time. There is certainly truth to it. There are space components- notably some solid rocket boosters- that are shipped by rail. Thus the size of those components (and, thus, the rocket payload) is constrained by the size of the rail cars and rail tunnels. The weakest link is from the Romans to the standard gauge. It is not clear if that link is direct, or just a coincidence. There were so many early gauges, and the 4 foot 8 1/2 inch, while a reasonable size compromise, seems to have come about more via early coincidence rather than some connection to Roman roads. Still, it is a good story to tell- that the size of the Space Shuttle was limited by the size of a Roman horse’s hind end.
    11
  1456. I’d love to do an episode on your Father’s story. Please feel free to email me at thg@thehistoryguy.net
    11
  1457. I was a seasonal park ranger there back in 1989.
    11
  1458. Windfield Scott there are eight episodes in the channel so far regarding the US Civil War. There is a playlist here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjHocDwS2eaAFP-P21cc7MV
    11
  1459. https://thehistoryguy-shop.fourthwall.com/en-usd/products/thehistoryguy-womens-fitted-v-neck-t-shirt-b-c-tw045
    11
  1460. Navy as well. And thank you for your service.
    11
  1461. Thanks for the detail! I could not find a public domain image of an actual cockpit weather radar.
    11
  1462. Certainly the camp should have been better prepared, and discipline had clearly fallen apart. It is, in the end, the fault of the commander when his army is caught by surprise. But Congress had not provided sufficient funds, and there is only so much that you can do with poorly trained troops.
    11
  1463. https://youtu.be/UT0CojSRhYg
    11
  1464. Respectfully, when YouTube is your job and income, I would like to see you turn down sponsors. Not only do I honestly endorse Magellan TV, but their support makes production possible. But, l understand that some people do not prefer sponsored content. Thus, I only accept two sponsored episodes a month. If a brief endorsement of a product I support is offensive to you, please enjoy some of the hundreds of episodes I have produced without sponsored content.
    11
  1465. Yes, the car burned for hours.
    11
  1466.  @MultiPetercool  the bones were too degraded to collect nuclear DNA. Rather, mitochondrial DNA was matched to his grand niece. That proved identity, but could not show XX or XY. However, the prevailing theory is congenital adrenal hyperplasia, which only manifests with an XX chromosome.
    11
  1467. The question of compensation, which still hasn’t been answered, might affect whether the emergency locator was required.
    11
  1468. There have been five US naval vessels named after Ohio, including the Ohio class ballistic missile submarine SSGN-726 currently in service. The last tanker produced by Texaco was the S.S. Ohio Star, named in honor of the original.
    11
  1469. We got to go film in 2021 sponsored by Visit Williamsburg. We've done several episodes on history there, and plan many more. Of course Colonial Williamsburg and Jamestown Settlement are great, but there are a number of smaller museums, like the Waterman's museum in Yorktown to visit as well.
    11
  1470. Thanks so much to iolo for sponsoring today’s video! Visit http://iolo.com/thehistoryguy and use code THEHISTORYGUY to save 60% on System Mechanic Ultimate Defense and get 30 days of Live Tech Support free!
    11
  1471. Purportedly, Darwin formulated the “survival of the fittest” theory after reading Thomas Malthus, so that suggests he had an idea of extinction events. In fact, such events might theoretically speed the evolutionary process. But part of the genesis of his theories came to him while studying geology during the voyage of the Beagle. He cane to understand, looking at geological processes, how old the earth was, and how large the time frame was for natural history to develop.
    11
  1472. I may well do that- she was another true pioneer of computer programming.
    11
  1473. It was an important early victory, and it might have been significant had the 600 troops been able to land as planned. I may get back to that battle in another episode.
    11
  1474. No one here accused every White person of anything.
    11
  1475. That is not strictly true. A medal was authorized by the Confederate Congress, but owing to metal shortages the medals were not actually created. Instead they had to "Roll of honor," which was a particularly unique distinction in that it was awarded by vote of the members of a company- a vote by the common soldier.
    11
  1476. Well, when you are running moonshine and poking Johnny Torrio in the eye on the side, new complications arise.
    11
  1477. Shane Frasier agreed- many battles and campaigns have been substantively affected by weather. The caveat is that it is almost always an oversimplification to say that weather determined a battle.
    11
  1478. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    11
  1479. My apologies- I had to reupload because of a request by the sponsor.
    11
  1480. https://youtu.be/suqtVwh8O7c
    11
  1481. The timing is merely because this is the anniversary of the burning of Richmond. Per usual, I take no stand on current politics.
    11
  1482. I do not see my role as a historian to tell people how to judge current events. I see my role as a historian to help people to be informed so that they can make their own judgement of current events.
    11
  1483. It is! I apologize, that is a photo of the wrong car. The Packard '39 was not armored.
    11
  1484. The name for the Character Jay Gatsby is derived from the German surname "Gatz." The name of HMS Gasbee was an Anglicized version of the name Gaspé, a town in Quebec. The two, while they sound similar, are likely unrelated.
    11
  1485. Thank you!
    11
  1486. It was challenging time for Poland. https://youtu.be/Tu3tREaE4Xg
    11
  1487. Happy Birthday Mamie and Johnnie!
    11
  1488. LOL
    11
  1489. Lanzerath ridge was part of the defense of Elsenborn ridge, and mentioned specifically in the episode.
    11
  1490. That is an interesting question. Stoker said that the character was inspired by a real person, but never said who.
    11
  1491. In Roman terms the word “corn” was a generic term for any cereal grain.
    11
  1492. James khwai then this is the channel for you!
    11
  1493. If I do an updated version of this episode, I plan to include more about major Devereux's role.
    11
  1494. Bill Kerr I don’t intend to divorce history from current events. The past informs the present. But I do seek to have the conversations kept separate enough that discussions of current political views don’t obstruct the learning of history. While I realize that complete separation is impossible, I seek not to have my political views skew my presentation of the past.
    11
  1495. Special thank you to the Burklow family of Kentucky and Illinois, whose tireless research allowed us to tell James Burklow's story, and especially for providing access to the restored photo of James. http://www.burklowfamily.com/pages/james.php https://www.facebook.com/BurklowFamily/
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  1496. I had to think about shorts a lot. I really didn’t prefer that YT jump into that space. But they did, so I am there. I don’t want to be absent from half of the space where content is recommended. My strategy is to use shorts as a teaser to draw people to the long form videos.
    11
  1497. LOL it does if you want to remain family-friendly.
    11
  1498. https://studio.youtube.com/playlist/PLSnt4mJGJfGh1AXjLrFFbhOQmfI34hA9g/edit?utm_campaign=upgrade&utm_medium=redirect&utm_source=%2Fmy_videos
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  1499. WHO is partnering with a number of organizations in a plan called "Zero by 30." The goal is to end all human deaths from dog-mediated rabies by 2030. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/272756/9789241513838-eng.pdf
    11
  1500. What is wrong with my hats? That is a pith helmet circa 1900 from the New York National Guard. It is a bona fide piece of history.
    11
  1501. Congressman means member of congress, and most commonly a member of the House of Representatives.
    11
  1502. LOL yes, I have no professional lighting, and you can see, over time, my experiments moving around different desk lamps. I do think that it has improved over the earliest videos. Is there a model or brand that you suggest?
    11
  1503. Maj 007 I think the latter. The “internal team” is apparently not accountable to anyone.
    11
  1504. Saikat Shome the deceleration should have stopped. NASA estimates the current speed of Pioneer 10 at 7.479 miles a second. Pioneer 11 passed by both Jupiter and Saturn and completed its mission. Its RTGs failed in 1995. Like Pioneer 10, it is still flying, heading in the direction of the constellation Scutum.
    11
  1505. Yes, and that may well be a future episode.
    11
  1506. I have not, but likely will in the future.
    11
  1507. I attended the University of Colorado, where I obtained my history degree. But, actually, we were visiting a friend who was living in Essex at the time but came from Colorado, and he had lent me that hoodie.
    11
  1508. Northern Nightmare the MiG footage and photos weren’t in the Public Domain
    11
  1509. I do plan do do one or more episodes on the War of 1812.
    11
  1510. ziggy 2shus the idea was to be between five and ten minutes. Yes, most are now closer to ten.
    11
  1511. I do apologize. I considered it, but the ship has not been commissioned yet, and the existing ending seemed to make the point.
    11
  1512. They travel well, and are quite suitable to marine voyage. ;)
    11
  1513. Glad I can help!
    11
  1514. The introduction has spurred quite a lot of discussion on the channel. in the end, viewers convinced me that it is unnecessary.
    11
  1515. chas sisom according to the report about 25 yards is correct, so 75 feet. Did I say 150? If so, sorry, my mistake.
    11
  1516. He had gone in as a replacement jr officer, and always joked about the irony of a Kansas boy who had “never seen a mountain” in the 10 mountain division. His story is in this episode: Ninety Day Wonders: US Army Officer Candidate School https://youtu.be/qAEDFsfHQfs
    11
  1517. No others were executed. With the assistance of the United States, the three female stewardesses were repatriated quickly. The rest of the crew were held until the end of the war.
    11
  1518. Roger inKC LOL
    11
  1519. LOL Yes, invented six years after the end of the war in Korea.
    11
  1520. That is one of a few business propositions that have been floated as viable for the principality. For a while the name of the company was painted on the side of the platform.
    11
  1521. Thank you!
    11
  1522. Lol luckily the 1972 model.
    11
  1523. Miniature Cooking with Ching thank you!
    11
  1524. I think that your point is fair, although the history of the quest for Puerto Rican statehood certainly includes those who prefer the status as an unincorporated territory. I am certainly interested to see if action comes based on the most recent referendum.
    11
  1525. That is an interesting question. As a practical matter, we pretty much had to go to war,. The generally accepted reason that Hitler chose to was that he knew it was inevitable, and doing it first made it look like he was controlling events. But the German declaration certainly removed some political barriers for Roosevelt.
    11
  1526. Popular usage would be on the 00, not the 01. But you are correct, that would be missing the point, which is that all these units are artificially created.. https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/century
    11
  1527. They typically used beeswax.
    11
  1528.  @ilikepiedontu  my thoughts, and I want to make this very clear, is that this is an episode about a program sunsetted forty years ago, whose purpose was not to steer or create, but to lessen the strength, of hurricanes. This is a history channel.
    11
  1529. I have changed terminology since making the earlier episodes in this compilation. But, understand, the argument not to use the term "won" only appeared in the 1990s. Up until fairly recently, it was common in the press and among recipients to use the term "won the Medal of Honor" and no one seemed to take exception.
    11
  1530. I tend to agree.
    11
  1531. The Mary Celeste. There are actually many ghost ships in history.
    11
  1532. Yes, part of the point if studying history is to see that, whatever our complaints and challenges, we’ve probably lived through worse.
    11
  1533. Yes, it seems unlikely that he strangled himself.
    11
  1534. They reportedly have a waxy flesh and foul taste. Apparently one secret to surviving 50 million years is tasting bad.
    11
  1535. True.
    11
  1536. Meisam Ansarian that is fair- Nader Shah came a century ahead of Napoleon. Yet the armies he fought were not archaic. It is certainly not an exact analogy, but both were brilliant tacticians.
    11
  1537. Mudhut Productions yes, it is. The future Admiral commanded the Agassiz from 1959 - 1961. Thank you for your service!
    11
  1538. Yes, much of the competition being thrown suddenly out of business gave a competitive edge.
    11
  1539. None of that was a thing in 1810
    11
  1540. blusmahn thank you for your service! The Ponchetrain did use the the foam for the ditching, and the crew was said to be well drilled and prepared. I am told that the Coast Guard no longer performs ditching drills.
    11
  1541. There were quite a number of Italian Americans with the 7th cavalry.
    11
  1542. Mark Welschmeyer https://youtu.be/Rb-DSFoh7zk
    11
  1543. At the time the crowns were actually closely interconnected and the rivalry with France was not what it would later become. John's brother Richard I spent possibly less than six months of his reign in England.
    11
  1544. Eric Taylor in a way, yes, but the VCs went to the ones rowing the boats. Their enemy was the tide.
    11
  1545. That is a good point, but I do have largely an American audience.
    11
  1546. That was actually at least the 10th English warship named Dreadnought, the first being commissioned in 1543.
    11
  1547. outlawfly I think that you are both correct. It is fair to say that Nadir Shah was not the reformer that Bonaparte was. But you are correct that he first saved, and then greatly grew the empire. And neither of their regimes outlived them. The comparison between the two is that they were both brilliant military strategists who defeated the greatest powers of the era.
    11
  1548. 34 acknowledged incidents. Several described here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGi-qJ9yauSq1ugvddQZoyQQ
    11
  1549. No, they don’t pay us. We work with them cooperatively, as we have done with other institutions. They are great partners and wonderful people. We are proud to work with them.
    11
  1550. Umm, ok. I am sorry that it upsets you that others choose to support me. But this is my job, and I won't apologize for working to make a living.
    11
  1551. LOL
    11
  1552. There seems to be wide disagreement on pronunciation. I used one described as “the pronunciation used most often by people living within two hours of the range.”
    11
  1553. if it is forgotten, it is more likely to be repeated.
    11
  1554. Occasionally the balloon corps did have a telegraph attached. That, of course, was more important during a battle, when observations had to be reported quickly.
    11
  1555. I think it would make a good episode, yes.
    11
  1556. Why? I am not arguing, but interested. What has changed that makes him worthy of pardon? His actions would seem to be the very definition of treason.
    11
  1557. Your Uncle would have been with the 10th (Irish) in the Dardanelles and Palestine. I hope to tell their story sometimes as well.
    11
  1558. It has been a great privilege working with the god people at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway Museum. IMSmuseum.org
    11
  1559. Agreed- I had to leave a lot out of his incredible life. It would be an awesome movie.
    11
  1560. That story is included in the episode.
    11
  1561. He legally changed his name to Jack Ruby in 1947.
    11
  1562. Thank you!
    11
  1563. Yeah, not a good plan.
    11
  1564. I did not post on 9/11.
    11
  1565.  @EllieMaes-Grandad  the usage here makes no statement on what it was called previously, nor on any later intent of the Romans. At the time of the Seleucid conquest, that is how the area was referred to by historians who recorded the events. It is not anachronistic, but an appropriate usage for the history referenced. There is no intent or meaning in its use beyond that.
    11
  1566. I wish the Navy could agree on what to replace them with. We simply don't have the shore bombardment capability today. Zumwalt hasn't turned out to be the replacement that was promised.
    11
  1567. His participation is entirely voluntary.
    11
  1568. I've been thinking nothing but positive thoughts about that bridge all day!
    11
  1569. We are right now on the ISS.
    11
  1570. I don't want to become the nuclear mishap channel, but there is a lot of history there that deserves to be remembered.
    11
  1571. Magellan TV does ask that we highlight a specific documentary, and that means repeating the name. But I get to choose which to highlight, and I did very much enjoy this month's offering. You rarely see such a clear description of both the reasoning and consequences of the politics behind the Allied decisions making. Simply put, Monte Cassino was the ultimate proof that the "underbelly" was not "soft." Was the Mediterranean campaign necessary at all?
    11
  1572. That is Pookie. Lucky was a foot away, but rarely chooses to get in frame.
    11
  1573. LOL
    11
  1574. Other bodies showed the same marks. The government seemed not to want to address the issue, and Greely simply said that he never personally witnessed it. The alternative explanation is that the men's flesh had been used as bait for fishing, which seemed for some to be less distasteful than cannibalism. Incidentally, the man's name is recorded as "Whisler," is that not correct? He died May 24, 1884.
    11
  1575. It does- almost as much time as it takes to research and do the script. I am limited to what is available in the public domain
    11
  1576. LOL
    11
  1577. As were the engineers who sacrificed themselves on the K-19. There was quite a lot of heroism beneath the waves, and much of that was kept secret.
    11
  1578. oldiron1223 no connection.
    11
  1579. snubbedpeer I did yes- it was Christopher Robin Milne who served in the RE.
    11
  1580. The confusion is that the photograph is not of the actual plane that crashed over Savage Mountain, but of another B-52 that had a stabilizer accident three days before. There are no Public Domain photographs of the actual plane from the January 13 crash. The History Guy uses photos in the Public Domain, and as photos of the exact event are not always available, images are often illustrative. There are many generic photos of B-52s in the episode. The accident that I describe in the episode was not the event that you describe. The accident on January 13, 1964 was described by the Air Force as B-52 D model. It was part of operation Chrome Dome, it did have nuclear weapons on board, it did crash in the area of Savage Mountain Maryland. I am confident from the available resources that the accident is described correctly in the episode.
    11
  1581. Welshman2008 there are several versions of the emu war on YT- that is one of the reasons that I haven’t done an episode on it.
    11
  1582.  @SHodges3  in fact, YouTube channel members and THG Patreon supporters get the episodes without the ad.
    11
  1583. You touch on some of the most interesting challenges for historians, who, by their nature, operate by hindsight. I agree that it is unfair and inaccurate to judge the past by the standards of the present. In Bullard's case, though, it is certainly possible to see the decision as flawed even by contemporary terms. The brilliant performance of the 93rd infantry division in the Great War was ample evidence that the US military segregation policy was both flawed and contrary to the interests of the nation. Bullard was an experienced and capable pilot, and the US had precious few of those. It was foolish, even by 1917 standards, to ignore that, and the decision endangered American lives. It is notable that Bullard was more forgiving in his attitudes than much of the nation. It is fair to say, though, that much of the nation did not share the attitudes that kept him from flying in American service. And the incident of racism on the part of a French officer that stripped Bullard of flight service in France amply supports your point about racism in Europe as well. I do not, in my channel, actively seek out controversy. Nor, however, do I actively avoid it. My goal is to present a case in factual terms and leave most moral decisions to the audience. I admit, though, that it is nearly impossible for a historian to escape their own bias. In this case, I readily admit supporting the case of a person I consider to be an underappreciated hero.
    10
  1584. STITCH. USA there is a UN project to restore the North Aral sea. I guess time will tell on whether anyone can make the investment.
    10
  1585. They are American heroes. But certainly all of these men faced specific obstacles because of their race. I see no reason why it is inappropriate to group their stories.
    10
  1586. I suspect you mean the Savage Mountain accident in 1964. The accident was in Maryland, but very close to West Virginia. The B-52D's vertical stabilizer broke off. It is discussed around 9:05 in this episode: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yIrSBmG46n8
    10
  1587. I am certianly not a doctor, but the issue with Bromide is that it stays in the system, so that prolonged use could lead to overdose and bromide poisoning. The deaths were most common among habitual users. So it certainly seems plausible that your Great Grandfather might have been affected.
    10
  1588. Oops- you are correct. gads, I don't want to be stuck in 2020...
    10
  1589. Actually, it is my face that is crooked… I tend to cock my head a little.
    10
  1590.  @lowellmccormick6991  Bernardo de Galvez, Spanish Hero of the American Revolution https://youtu.be/-V9XmXi3PQY
    10
  1591. Certainly deserves to be remembered, but not an easy story to tell.
    10
  1592. I agree, but he did not seem to find any shame in it. That is part of what makes him such an amazing person- he didn't seem to recognize bitterness in life.
    10
  1593. Unless it was used on stage by a member of the Beatles...
    10
  1594. That depends when they came. This SS Bremen operated transatlantic crossings from 1897 to 1914, and was essentially built to serve Europeans immigrating to the United States. A different SS Bremen operated from 1928 - 1941.
    10
  1595. To be fair, two members of the gang married prostitutes and the only female member of the Wild Bunch sometimes worked as a prostitute. It was not just a common role for women on the frontier, but also largely what outlaws sought in their free time. It wasn't an absurd assumption by the Pinkertons.
    10
  1596. Yes, the Sikorski R-4 was in theater by May of 1944, and was used for some rescue operations in Burma and China. It would have been a rare and novel solution, but not more so than dropping and picking up Waco gliders.
    10
  1597.  @fine6741  agreed. Their will and resourcefulness is truly history that deserves to be remembered.
    10
  1598. It would make a good movie plot.
    10
  1599. I don't see how it was "shoehorned." The location of the town was partly based on how Europeans chose to locate settlements, and that contributed to the flood. Respectfully, I think you are the one shoehorning something into that statement that wasn't there. Certainly I was not trying to make any point regarding "racism." I don't aim for a political agenda, and do not choose to include or exclude any historical fact based on what it means to current politics.
    10
  1600. Most of his artistic life was after 1924, and most of the women valued their privacy. That is to say, pictures of them are not in the Public Domain. I am sorry that you do not understand the rules of copyright, but following the law is not a fail.
    10
  1601. LOL that was a joke, really. That is an AI photo of me.
    10
  1602. 77thTrombone yes, the comment seems to have been edited. Initially he had joked about an ad. My response was light hearted, not intended as an insult or anything.
    10
  1603. That is a matter of much discussion, as the after action report only said "Tiger tank." And, moreover, those reports were notoriously unreliable when it came to the model of enemy tank. However, there were Tiger I's in the battle and in that area where two German Army groups came together. Practically it is not important, as both the Tiger I and Tiger II had the same thickness of the rear armor.
    10
  1604. https://www.part-time-commander.com/top-10-famous-army-ocs-graduates-of-all-time/
    10
  1605. Agreed- as I say at the start, the episode is not a religious missive. But the role that book, and the conflict over its translations, played in the development of Western Civilization and European history is undeniable.
    10
  1606. I suspect they had to leave them behind in the end anyway.
    10
  1607. Her name is Strudel. She was sleeping on my chair so I put her in the video.
    10
  1608. The general argument is that the power was broken with the election of Fiorello La Guardia.
    10
  1609. Cats are included by their choice, not mine.
    10
  1610. That would be awesome! Please contact business@thehistoryguy.net and we’ll set it up!
    10
  1611. Thank you!
    10
  1612. It had broken loose from its moorings.
    10
  1613. Bradley Greenwood you are correct- I pronounced it wrong. The i should be long. Thanks for the catch!
    10
  1614. To be clear, this episode was in no way intended as a commentary on current politics. This was not an episode on the Banana Wars, and there will likely be more episodes on those various conflicts.
    10
  1615. That is a fair point. Although having a riot between firemen and clowns is probably enough to make the point that Toronto used to be a tad rougher than it is today.
    10
  1616. It is called a "silver button," an award for 100 K subscribers.
    10
  1617. I grew up in the hills of western South Dakota.
    10
  1618. That was actually done with a video program, but we'll look into producing one.
    10
  1619. The same with Norman Rockwell
    10
  1620. I am not good at “favorites.”
    10
  1621.  @trapazoidpants  the most common suggestion is Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH)
    10
  1622. Another good story!
    10
  1623. YouTube flags videos to limit monetization or limit viewing by age for various resons. The description box disclaimers are usually included to help ensure that the episode passes review.
    10
  1624. They are actually one of the more promising candidates for "de-extinction." Usually the act of preserving a specimen destroy's DNA, but it was found to have survived in specimen's footpads. If they were to be genetically reconstructed, though, it is questionable whether that can be called an actual passenger pigeon, or whether we would have any better luck preserving a few of the species did we did at the turn of the century.
    10
  1625. Catholics were banned from the expedition, although prominent Catholics were among the financial backers. Had he been revealed as a "closet Catholic," that, at very least, would have been a cause of great suspicion, and lent credibility to an accusation of collusion with Spain.
    10
  1626. It likely originated on the Greek island of Cos, and is often called "Cos Lettuce." But it arrived in Western Europe from Rome, thus the name Romaine.
    10
  1627. It happened a lot in the great war.
    10
  1628. I converted some statistics and not others.
    10
  1629. Andy Lord fair point, although that is actually what they called it...
    10
  1630. Stoney Curtis I agree that the two terms have similar political implications.
    10
  1631. me hee thank you.
    10
  1632. I hope to revisit the Battle of Empress Augusta Bay in another episode.
    10
  1633. Play Call of War for FREE on PC, iOS or Android: 💥 https://callofwar.onelink.me/q5L6/THG02 Receive a Unique Starter Pack, available only for the next 30 days!
    10
  1634. Skip the waitlist and invest in blue-chip art for the very first time by signing up for Masterworks: https://masterworks.art/historyguy Purchase shares in great masterpieces from artists like Pablo Picasso, Banksy, Andy Warhol, and more. 🎨 See important Masterworks disclosures: http://masterworks.io/cd
    10
  1635. That is a good question. If we exclude things like ballon carriers and seaplane tenders, by my reckoning the first use of a flat top carrier that could launch and recover planes on deck in a sea battle was HMS Furious at the Second Battle of Narvik, 13 April, 1940.
    10
  1636. One interesting thing about history is that it requires perspective. We might be living history, but we won't know how historic it will be until the future.
    10
  1637. LOL
    10
  1638. I live a few miles away from Cahokia. Definitely not a hoax. :)
    10
  1639. It is spelled numerous ways in contemporary newspapers.
    10
  1640. PROUD INFIDEL actually, this episode was demonetized, and we only managed to get it overturned by escalating it.
    10
  1641. They were likely referring to the 1812 fire of Moscow, which occurred during events of the Napoleonic wars. We may well cover that fire in a future episode.
    10
  1642. Yes, we do, His name was George Walters, http://www.submarinesailor.com/biography/GeorgeWalters/
    10
  1643. Very cool!
    10
  1644. LOL true.
    10
  1645.  @Coffeebreak6329  yeah, darn us, all wanting to pay our bills and such. Seriously, though, we understand that some viewers do not prefer sponsored content, and thus limit sponsorships to no more than two episodes a month.
    10
  1646. Blood thinning is good for some, bad for most.
    10
  1647. For the most part these were actually servants- cooks and cleaning people.
    10
  1648. They did, and in the Franco-Prussian war and the Russo Japanese war. And yet none of them to the extent that it was the central technology of the war.
    10
  1649. The fort is actually named after Henry Laurens, John Laurens' father, who was President of the Congress when the fort was built.
    10
  1650.  @jrgaskin01  lol all in the dark.
    10
  1651. What is “PC” here? I simply don’t get the complaint. This is a compilation of videos that have all been posted in the past. I don’t reserve videos that happen to feature Black Americans for February. But I do not see why people find it untoward to post this compilation during Black history month.
    10
  1652. To start comparing quotes and simplify insurance-buying, check out Policygenius: https://Policygenius.com/thehistoryguy. Thanks to Policygenius for sponsoring this video!
    10
  1653. That was documented in the fight between USS Buckley and U-66. https://youtu.be/YIBF4HwtANA
    10
  1654. Apollo 6: A Major Unplanned Accomplishment. https://youtu.be/itV97aOL4Hs
    10
  1655. I root for the tribe to be recognized. But I am not personally seeking benefits from the BIA.
    10
  1656. Jean-Luc Martel not yet- but it is on the list.
    10
  1657. psikogeek just lava lamps. The hardest part is that I have to remember to turn them on a half hour ahead of filming.
    10
  1658. I take it as such. I grew up listening to Paul Harvey, and am always very flattered by the comparison.
    10
  1659. Eric C. That tagline was too long for YT.
    10
  1660. Yes. But there was no one to hold responsible. The officer who committed the act died during the war. The overall commander committed suicide rather than face a tribunal for war crimes.
    10
  1661. That novel is based on the story of an Inuk woman named Julia Sebevan.
    10
  1662. Yes, Canada did acquire BOMARC missiles, which caused controversy for several reasons.
    10
  1663. sorry- my mistake.
    10
  1664. The state was officially called the Irish Free State from the passage of the Anglo-Irish treaty in 1922 to the passage of the Constitution of Ireland in 1937.
    10
  1665. Thank you!
    10
  1666. Good point. No other species on Earth has managed to lose control over thousands of tons of high explosives.
    10
  1667. Korben the pilot was Owen Baggett. There is some question as to whether he actually successfully shot a plane down, as no Japanese pilots were reported killed in the fight.
    10
  1668. We do our best to correct mistakes in pinned comments or correct videos.
    10
  1669. The reason they called it the end of the Dynasty is that the prince Imperial had been recognized via a succession act, and thus was the last Bonaparte with a claim to be emperor. certainly the house of Bonaparte did not end there, and, in fact, still exists today.
    10
  1670. Thank you for your service! I did not serve, no. There was nothing much going on when I was the appropriate age. Without taking a stand on women in the military, the Night Witches were an extraordinary unit. the entire regiment, including all the mechanics and command were female. The Russians were in a desperate position, and could not afford to pass up anyone capable of service.
    10
  1671. That is Strudel. She happened to be in a cuddling mood at the appropriate time.
    10
  1672. Wow, thank you!
    10
  1673. Like sands through the hourglass…
    10
  1674. That was my mistake. However, it was Harold Bride that survived. Jack Phillips perished.
    10
  1675. I don't aim to be politically incorrect...
    10
  1676. Wow! That is a busy three weeks!
    10
  1677. Very ancient history...
    10
  1678. Reportedly the flesh is waxy, oily, foul smelling and tastes bad.
    10
  1679. And it was all sewn together with hemp.
    10
  1680. It was inverted twice- two barrel rolls.
    10
  1681. dave jacobsen in general the MoH was awarded for an act of bravery. It was not commonly awarded for re-enlisting, but the members of the 27th Maine were awarded the medal for re-enlisting to defend Washington as all available men were being sent to Gettysburg. Those medals were later rescinded with the 1916 review commission, As for the woman, that was Doctor Mary Edwards Walker. While her award is still controversial, she was awarded it for actions in the face of the enemy, placing herself at risk to go behind enemy lines. The standards have changed significantly, and we, of course, now have a hierarchy of awards for valor. But the vast majority of the Civil War era awards did represent an act of gallantry, and those that were not were rescinded by the 1916 commission under General Nelson Miles. Both of Thomas Ward Custer’s awards were acts of valor. While there is no real modern equivalent to capturing a unit standard, his acts would likely be enough to receive an award for valor under modern standards. They were very fitting with the standards of the day. Dr Walker’s story is here: https://youtu.be/VzObHsRsOx0
    10
  1682. "Any officer who goes into action without his sword is improperly dressed." I have not done an episode on him no, but may well some day.
    10
  1683. Lol- no, I said “shoot.”
    10
  1684. Thank you for your service!
    10
  1685. Tim Walls that is a good question. Interestingly, Aaron Burr had, at Washington's request, directed spies to Weehawken to spy on the British in New York during the Revolution, so he would have been familiar with it. But there were at least dozens of duels fought where the Hamilton duels were fought, which is a convenient ledge eleven paces wide and twenty paces long overlooking the Hudson. It was likely chosen simply because the geography made it a convenient natural field for dueling.
    10
  1686. Greetings! I don't get down to Kentucky often enough anymore, but I am a proud member of the Honorable Association of Kentucky Colonels.
    10
  1687. Please forgive Wikipedia as a source, but this describes the process. A clay or wet cloth plug was used to prevent the shot from igniting the powder. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heated_shot
    10
  1688. "More involved" is not the same as actively involving US troops, nor is 68 percent enough to take a nation to war. Without Pearl Harbor, Roosevelt would have found it difficult politically to enter the war. Cleary he was trying to escalate to that, but he did not declare war in August because a difficult fight in congress that he may well have lost is a terrible way to motivate a nation into the sacrifices of war. The concern was that the nature of the Japanese attack and need for revenge might shift the perspective on Germany first. The US and Roosevelt did not seem to change that focus, but Churchill certainly had reason to be concerned, and some senior military officials certainly disagreed. I think the affirmation of Germany first was as important as the actual allocation of resources, especially from the Soviet perspective.
    10
  1689. Yes, we did not want to spoil it.
    10
  1690. Actually there is a subtle but important distinction. You are correct that it was not the first arms control agreement- and, in fact, those go back to antiquity. What was unique was that it was the first arms control conference- that is, it was the first time that a group of governments met for the sole purpose of arms control. Other agreements, such as the Rush-Bagot agreement of 1817, which is usually considered to be the first arms control treaty of the modern industrial era, were negotiated as part of a peace settlement or to settle other claims (such as the 1871 Treaty of Washington.)
    10
  1691. Fair point- I have no idea.
    10
  1692. I may eventually do one ore more episodes on the Battle off Samar.
    10
  1693. hyfy1970 we appreciate the feedback
    10
  1694. I am sorry I did not see the comments string earlier. 'Redvolsung"'s comments were inappropriate and he has been blocked from the channel. Please thank your son for his service!
    10
  1695. In 1941 the Army Air Corps was reformed into the US Army Air Force. The Eighth Air Force operated as part of the USAAF, not the Air Corps. The USAAF was reformed into its own service branch in 1947. The terms used in the episode are correct.
    10
  1696. Fair point, I would never want anyone to use me as the model for pronouncing Maori words.
    10
  1697. I think, frankly, that you have a tenuous relationship with history. No, England did not somehow coerce Germany into invading Tsingtao. This video cannot fairly be described as being anti-German. It is history. Trying to blindly absolve the German empire of culpability for their historical errors is not history. It is an entirely fair criticism that Germany expended more resources to build their “empire” than they gained for it. And, as colonialists go, Germany choose to act in all the ways that have made colonialism such a bad word. Germany emphatically cannot claim victimhood in their colonial pursuits. There was no noble cause, and Germany cannot blame their choices on other nations. Germany was “pushed into conflict?” That is, frankly, historical drivel. Don’t criticize my history and offer such nonsense. The comment about vanity is no joke, nor is it in any way disrespectful to the men who died because Germany wanted to appear important. Spee and his men were left in a hopeless situation, left to “defend” colonial territories of dubious value, that, in the end, he was powerless to protect anyway. If there was a joke, it was on him. My comment fits the historical facts. I stand by it. Make your own video if you want to spin historical fiction.
    10
  1698. It does, and still can be visited today.
    10
  1699. Dynamo Dalston respectfully, how many US states can your average Welshman identify on a map?
    10
  1700. I deliberately gave slight coverage of the Palestine campaign in the expectation of covering it in a future episode.
    10
  1701. Happiest of Birthdays to you!
    10
  1702. The timing suggested the possibility that the relationship with the lawyer predated the divorce proceedings.
    10
  1703. Thank you so much! I have had a soft spot for Timothy for many years, and this one was a joy to make.
    10
  1704. Actually, I said “shoot.” There is occasional profanity on the show, but usually as a historical quotation. I do admit to some profanity off-camera…
    10
  1705. Skip the waitlist and invest in blue-chip art for the very first time by signing up for Masterworks: https://www.masterworks.art/historyguy Purchase shares in great masterpieces from artists like Pablo Picasso, Banksy, Andy Warhol, and more. See important Masterworks disclosures: https://www.masterworks.com/cd
    10
  1706. John Burt if the bridge was built in 55 CE it would be just short of 2000 years old.
    10
  1707. Whether enemies or rivals or whatever you want to call them, I don't think that anyone wants their commercial airliners to crash, nor should we fail to appreciate when their commercial pilots save lives.
    10
  1708. No- Nelson Miles didn't enter the Army until 1861. The camel experiment was in the mid 1850s, and was largely championed by then Secretary of War Jefferson Davis.
    10
  1709.  @nattiedraws  In general Ford didn’t let the attempts affect his actions. But after both attempts the Secret Service changed some policies. Notably, Ford was required to wear an armored trench coat when outside.
    10
  1710. Aylivia B. Yes I am.
    10
  1711. I have sent them a link to the video. I hope that they feel the episode does her justice.
    10
  1712. It is unclear if the man was attempting to shoot Roosevelt, but if he was, the punches seemed to throw off his aim. By all accounts Roosevelt was reserved, and only used violence when forced. The townsfolk threw the man on a train the next day- literally run out of town ion a rail.
    10
  1713.  @Erewhon2024  that was not the argument made. Peppers are simply not a primary form of sustenance. They do not prevent starvation. They weren’t eaten despite the capsaicin because someone was merely hungry.
    10
  1714. SLIK DAWG this is my job. If you don’t like that I get paid for it, I do not need your sub.
    10
  1715. You simply cannot please everyone, and I don't expect to. This video has a 98.8% like vs dislike ratio.
    10
  1716. It is not- I listened to local news reports. Apparently Oklahoma wanted to distinguish themselves from Idaho.
    10
  1717. Pocky always has things to do and people to see.
    10
  1718. Yes, it is on my list.
    10
  1719. An the governor wore those shoes the day he was inaugurated. Wow.
    10
  1720. The process on the south pole was thorough, as both wanted to avoid the controversy that Peary and Byrd had in the north. They used sextant readings. Scott and Amundson ended at the same place, as Scott could see the cairn made by Amundson when he got there.
    10
  1721. He was 20, so not “little.” He ended up a captain in the Confederate navy.
    10
  1722. You wouldn't have thought they'd be the sort of union that would involve gunplay.
    10
  1723. that is an interesting counterfactual. Quite likely the War of the French intervention would not have occurred had the US not been distracted. Napoleon II was taking advantage of what he saw as an opportunity.
    10
  1724. Fremen Warrior that is pretty much true of all nations. In the Maximilian Affair the US intervened diplomatically on behalf of Juarez’ Republicans. Yes, they did so because they saw an independent Mexico as being in the best interest of the US.
    10
  1725. Fremen Warrior presumably the French intent was to take all of Mexico. Certainly claiming Mexican mineral wealth was a prime motivation. History does come from many angles, but the view that Cinco de Mayo represents the day that Mexicans mourn the defeat of the brave French liberators by those Republican puppets of imperialist America does seem a less common interpretation.
    10
  1726. Noir Boston Ami https://youtu.be/Rb-DSFoh7zk
    10
  1727. parsia1363 thank you! Yes, all the ties are real- historians do not wear clip ons. ;) A video on how to tie a bow tie is a bit off channel, but just remember, it is just a bow knot- exactly the same knot you use to tie your shoe. Pictures and details on my hat collection are here: https://pin.it/kqqljrqnvp5paf
    10
  1728. I'm pretty sure that was not what was on John Adams and Ben Franklin's minds. But I do wonder if there was anything scandalous going on in the Great Bed of Ware.
    10
  1729. LOL. Colonel Deering was certainly a hottie.
    10
  1730. Sometimes I let the viewers say it. ;)
    10
  1731. emansnas I have no problem linking a book on history, which we have done before, and we try to be as open as possible about admitting mistakes. I appreciate Mr Smith keeping his ancestor’s history alive.
    10
  1732. Yes, he carried documents in the lining of his hat.
    10
  1733. CHOHAN67 good catch. I use all media in the Public Domain, and sometimes have to fudge a bit.
    9
  1734. Biggest sale of the year: Get 15% off all MOVA Globes with code THG15 at https://bit.ly/TheHistoryGuyMOVAGlobes
    9
  1735. I also have a history based channel, and we have also learned some lessons on monetization. I think it would be helpful to create a network of similar channels where we can both share lessons learned and advocate as a group.
    9
  1736. I talk about the RN ship rating system in this episode: https://youtu.be/agwBZqRIfAY?si=KnMJpSNWVAhfTNhl
    9
  1737. They were outnumbered 300 to 80 and worried that it it came to a fight, there would be too many of the other guy's casualties...
    9
  1738. It was an definitely a concerted operation digging hundreds of tons of accumulated guano. One part that I was not able to cover due to time was that working conditions for the bird-poop miners, many imported from China, were terrible.
    9
  1739. I do plan to in the future yes.
    9
  1740. Especially when the cat chose to join me for it.
    9
  1741. https://youtu.be/jna1ENY5hi4
    9
  1742. https://youtu.be/jDcog2ZP684.
    9
  1743. Lol- that is entirely up to the cat
    9
  1744.  @bartsanders1553  I got to meet him at Tankfest. He’s a good fellow.
    9
  1745. 128.
    9
  1746.  @alancourtney4000  the 1963 film by the Corps of Engineers made it clear that they intended to take mobile reactors into combat zones, at least as close as replenishment and supply is done with petroleum.
    9
  1747. The Movie was based on a novel that was a work of fiction.
    9
  1748. As a historian, all I can offer is that that did not work out too well for Wat and his followers. But it is awesome to have that connection.
    9
  1749. I did not intend a sleight. It is difficult to make choices in the short documentary format. The lace was frequently made from the cotton from the grain sacks. Part of the vision of the C.R.B. was to keep Belgian industry alive, including textiles.
    9
  1750. The local claimed salvage rights and sued. The Air Force settled for an undisclosed sum.
    9
  1751. Virgil, Wyatt, Morgan and Warren had no children, but there are many descendants of Newton, James and Adelia.
    9
  1752. That image is of a medieval city- it is nothing specific and just for illustration. I do use software to sharpen images that are too pixilated.
    9
  1753. Well, the ads are what finances the content. I don't know how common sponsorship will be on the channel, but they do help pay for the cat food and buy bow-ties. I do not plan to ever be one of those channels where ads interrupt the video every three minutes, and will always be clear when an episode is sponsored. I won't accept a sponsorship from a product I would not endorse.
    9
  1754. Yes, Wilbert Lee "Pappy" O'Daniel was both a governor of and US Senator from the state of Texas.
    9
  1755. It was somewhat difficult, in that are in the 15th century was mostly religious. Most would have come after the period. I think I got most by searching for medieval peasant and medieval winter.
    9
  1756. The video is monetized.
    9
  1757. Branon Fontaine people can make their own conclusions from history.
    9
  1758. Yes, 60 Minutes did not seem to take us seriously. Their loss. ;)
    9
  1759. Ironic comment, since YouTube has flagged this video as not appropriate for children.
    9
  1760. It is true- a surprising number of craft went missing during the war. Still, a navigational error is an unsatisfying answer. The Star Tiger crew was experienced and had flown the route many times, and they had received a clear radio beacon direction from Bermuda. And a navigational error wouldn't explain why no radio distress call. Star Ariel was not flying nearly as long a route, and the search area was huge. Two such disappearances, with no SOS and no debris, is extraordinary.
    9
  1761. We tried to sell bowties, nobody bought them. I suspect we'd have the same issue with cufflinks.
    9
  1762. The Mustang is a good story in itself.
    9
  1763. My family and my cats.
    9
  1764. Sorry to hear that
    9
  1765. Robert Todd Lincoln had three children, two daughters and a son. His son, Abraham Lincoln II, died of an infection at age 16. His daughters produced three grandchildren, but all died without having children, ending the direct line of Abraham Lincoln.
    9
  1766. Yes, my pronunciation is the local pronunciation.
    9
  1767. The whole series is five episodes.
    9
  1768. Carmybel yes- their success as bank and train robbers and Robin Hood personas would make them interesting even without the question of their ultimate fate.
    9
  1769. She is a saint.
    9
  1770. Use my link to install Angry Birds Friends for FREE: https://rov.io/historyguy and enjoy popping those piggies!”
    9
  1771. Whittlesey is highlighted in this episode: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qAEDFsfHQfs
    9
  1772. Personally, if I knew that driving a tank would cost me the presidential election, I'd do it anyway. Totally worth it.
    9
  1773. True.
    9
  1774. Yes, that is roughly the process
    9
  1775. Gooney Bird is a common name for several species of Albatross, and they are not extinct. Are you perhaps confusing Gooney Bird with the Dodo?
    9
  1776. Respectfully, that is not quite the story. While the 10th cavalry did participate in the Mexican Punitive Expedition, Pershing already has acquired the nickname by then. Pershing had been an officer with the 10th cavalry in Montana early in his career, and acquired the nickname at that tome. He returned to the 10th cavalry in Cuba, and led their assault on the San Juan heights.
    9
  1777. https://youtu.be/TUkT6we1FTc
    9
  1778. Thanks! I don't know at what point Gianinni became involved in financing HP- it would have been awesome to see how they pitched the company at the time.
    9
  1779. They are used in a counter-insurgency role, where the turboprops are just as effective.
    9
  1780. Agreed, it was certainly a miscalculation on their part.
    9
  1781. You English and those extra letters you don't pronounce. ;)
    9
  1782. https://youtu.be/yIrSBmG46n8
    9
  1783. You are likely talking about this event (the training tape incident) or one of the chip failures a few months later. https://youtu.be/YCQITNbw7tc
    9
  1784. The MetaBaron first, European cars often make sacrifices in size and performance compromises that would either not meet safety standards in the US or not be palatable to US consumers. Moreover, the standards for testing are far different, and European milage claims usually do not test as well using US EPA standards. In fact, MPG conversions often use the British imperial gallon, which is around 20% larger than a US gallon. Simply put, there are not standard production models common in Europe that would be the equivalent of a US EPA standard 70 mile average MPG. A standard 80 MPG car in Europe would test below 60 using US gallons and US EPA standards (which more closely approximate driving in the US.) There is wide agreement that more fuel efficient cars are possible, but they are more expensive to produce and smaller in size, and that equation isn’t yet marketable in the US.
    9
  1785. I'm the History Guy, not the Math Guy.... I was quoting a secondary source (The History Channel website, here: https://www.history.com/news/andrew-jackson-dodges-an-assassination-attempt-180-years-ago) but the calculation is supposed to have come from this book: https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_American_Miracle/cCxnDQAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=%22125000+to+1%22+jackson&pg=PA183&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q=%22125000%20to%201%22%20jackson&f=false
    9
  1786. Dean Stuart There were limited options for a civilian woman. It is reminiscent of the remarkable story of Elizabeth Webber Harris, whose award was unofficial.
    9
  1787. Yes, I do think I will have an episode on the explosion in Henderson.
    9
  1788. Apparently a seedy pool hall used by the criminal element nowhere near the country. So yes, the name might have been ironic.
    9
  1789. The first 5,000 people to use coupon code thehistoryguy will get 1GB SAILY DATA PLAN FOR FREE! Go to https://Saily.com/thehistoryguy and download Saily to test it out for FREE.
    9
  1790. Maybe a year without a summer will kill the murder hornets.
    9
  1791. henrey well, a VEI 6 eruption is one hell of a butterfly
    9
  1792. It is interesting to wonder which side he would have taken. In 1770 Washington sent him a letter regarding a land grant in Virginia, only to find that he had committed suicide. Had he returned to Virginia, whose side would he have chosen six years later?
    9
  1793. Possibly yes. it is an interesting story.
    9
  1794. Paul Sekenski nope. It is a latin word and pronounced correctly in the episode.
    9
  1795. Bakelite came after Celluloid, and is generally considered to be the first all man made plastic. It is possible we'll do more on the history of plastics in the future, but this episode focused on Celluloid, as it truly started the revolution.
    9
  1796. Richard Pearse: New Zealand's Aviation Pioneer and Forgotten Dreamer https://youtu.be/F-suOpy3rQU
    9
  1797. @ the difficult part is remembering that I did…
    9
  1798. An AMC Hornet. Not much on style.
    9
  1799. It is fair to say that the issue was one of principle rather than the oppressive weight of taxes. It was actually a relief of taxes that drove the Boston Tea Party, as the reduction in the tea tax was seen as a sneaky way to get the patriots to pay the Townsend duties, which were being boycotted. Really as important was the desire to free trade from the mercantilism system and trade outside the empire and disadvantaged America in terms of manufactured goods.
    9
  1800. I have not done an episode on Von Steuben yet, but he had an outsized effect on the professionalism of the Continental Army.
    9
  1801. Only because I live in Little Egypt myself.
    9
  1802. I do like to personalize the event where possible.
    9
  1803. https://youtu.be/4OkDpD-sUYI
    9
  1804. This mountain hadn’t exploded in 600 years. Few knew it was a volcano. There are more of those around than people realize.
    9
  1805. juanisaac juanisaac I think, or at least certainly hope, that a war between the US and Mexico is extremely unlikely. In terms of the original War with Mexico, Mexico actually had a far worse problem with desertion than the US. While the American army was exclusively a volunteer force, the Mexican army at the time was largely comprised of the poor, who had been pressed into service, and who, it seems, deserted for home whenever the opportunity presented itself.
    9
  1806. Not yet. My sons don’t seem to think I need grandkids just yet.
    9
  1807. My guess is that I was also in school...
    9
  1808. Yes- those are actually inflatables from The Tank Museum in Dorset, and I picked up another last week at Tankfest.
    9
  1809. Almost certainly true.
    9
  1810. This channel takes an enormous amount of effort, and I do it to pay my bills. Respectfully, a few minutes of advertising for a very good product every other week is a small ask from viewers. We understand that not everyone prefers sponsored content. That is why we produce roughly ten episodes a month without. Videos that are sponsored are clearly labeled as such. Alternatively, channel members and supporters on our Locals page are provided versions without the sponsored content.
    9
  1811.  @banderson716  we are producing the same number of videos that we have always produced. The podcasts are released in addition to our regular posting schedule.
    9
  1812. https://youtu.be/nN20NryI3Dw
    9
  1813. An odd criticism to make of the artist who painted perhaps the most iconic painting of the Civil Rights era. Anachronistic criticisms are poor history.
    9
  1814. Agreed- Silent Spring was bad science that resulted in millions of deaths.
    9
  1815. Watch the comments, someone will manage to work politics in.
    9
  1816. That may well be another episode in the future.
    9
  1817. Respectfully, I don’t think the evidence supports the claim that Canopus’ speed was the result of the failings of the Chief Engineer. Jellicoe said of Canopus that “she could steam 15 knots for 3-4 days if she did not break down.” The issue where Cradock felt he could not match the German guns without Canopus, but he could not catch the German ships with Canopus was a fair assessment..
    9
  1818. I think it might be too political at the moment, but how posts get their names is usually an interesting story.
    9
  1819. I have not been able to find a specific reference to what happened to this group. However, based on an agreement made at the Yalta conference, Cossacks who escaped to the American and British zones were repatriated to Russia, where most were killed.
    9
  1820. It was actually women smoking leading to women voting.
    9
  1821. Today is the anniversary of the crash of the Roma.
    9
  1822. That is actually the Capital building, which would also be burned in 1814.
    9
  1823. When the government won’t provide answers, it usually means aliens.
    9
  1824. Fair point, although I am not sure he had the political acumen for office. He certainly would have a different legacy had the ball at Saratoga struck his heart rather than his leg. By some accounts he finally regretted his decisions and asked to be buried in his American uniform.
    9
  1825. Lol
    9
  1826. Absolutely- he kept his head, remembered his training, and did something truly exceptional. Many others would have panicked.
    9
  1827. Greg Brockway Andy Rooney was not a bomber crewman, but in the Army as a war correspondent with Stars and Stripes magazine. He flew some missions with the Eighth Air Force in that role. He received the Air Medal and the Bronze Star.
    9
  1828. I remember when we first got a ball in our office and the built in correcting tape changed our lives.
    9
  1829. Sort of. One of the reasons that some argue that she could be so readily accepted is that women had a traditional role in caring for dairy cattle.
    9
  1830.  @jonathanperry8331  https://youtu.be/JHGJ_y4aJII
    9
  1831. Victor Coleiro I agree!
    9
  1832. DDT might be the topic of an episode sometime.
    9
  1833. There was use of fibrin- a type of protein- hemostats in WWI. But the material was not superglue, it was a type of biological glue.
    9
  1834. My father lived in Pueblo for many years- I have spent a good deal of time there. Do you know which cemetery?
    9
  1835. G'Day! We will continue to add topics relevant to Australia. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGgDDIGx85ZLpAB8GaNx-t_S
    9
  1836. I respect your opinion. Different viewers like different things, and I very much enjoy variety. I'll keep producing stories of individuals, but I also like to talk about milk.
    9
  1837. LOL quality punning there.
    9
  1838. USS Newport, (PF-27) was a Tacoma Class frigate that did patrolling off the east coast from September '44 until July '45. The ships of the Tacoma Class were manned by Coast Guard crews. The ship itself ended up serving with both the Russian and the Japanese navies. There are a couple of photos here: http://www.navsource.org/archives/12/08027.htm
    9
  1839. I left it out as not part of the "cluster," but may get to it as an episode someday.
    9
  1840. Wright Flyer I have- it is on my list, but there is a lot on my list!
    9
  1841. Anakin Skywalker the female narrator is Mrs History Guy
    9
  1842. It actually took time for the story to come out. But, by any standard, his crimes were of desperation, not malice.
    9
  1843. Lucius Avenus actually happened twelve thousand years ago. We humans still don’t understand that they rule us.
    9
  1844. Seth Green the Sultana, yes. https://youtu.be/5DLKI4VltuE
    9
  1845. svtirefire we collaborated on his channel after this episode aired. https://youtu.be/Ke70GDNyo-Y
    9
  1846. History is history- I don’t take any stand on whether the US was correct in its support. These events happened as I describe them. To your point, while there is a reexamination of Chiang Kai-shek’s legacy in Taiwan. Certainly no significant percentage of the population of Taiwan supports reunification under CCP rule. And there is good reason to believe that had the PLA taken Taiwan in 1955, millions would have been murdered. The Tachens voluntarily left their island because they knew what would happen to them if they stayed. The ROC argues that Tibet was part of China, while Tibetans mostly argue that they were an independent state prior to the PRC conquest. But, objectively, they were able to operate independently under ROC rule. I think you’ll find that the vast majority there want the same sort of meaningful autonomy that they had under the ROC. Tibetans were repressed horribly under Mao. To use your measure, you will not find monuments to him there. Mao had a significant following, especially among rural peoples. I don’t intend to take sides in the Chinese Civil War. But Mao was, objectively, responsible for millions of deaths and certainly did not operate democratically. Even the CCP has distanced themselves from his excesses.
    9
  1847. There are two- Matthew and Luke. They are my nephews.
    9
  1848.  @dragonbrownies517  thanks for the compliment . But I release three videos a week.
    9
  1849. Collecting images takes almost as long as writing the script. But, fortunately for this episode, people love to take pictures of Jet fighters.
    9
  1850. I have been criticized for using BC and criticized for using BCE, and frankly don't like being made a pawn in such nonsense. Both mean the same thing, and I am making no political statement at all using one or the other.
    9
  1851. Happy new year!
    9
  1852. Ancient fortunes are difficult to determine, and there is relatively little archaeological evidence documenting the period of Solomon's reign. The extent of his possible wealth is a matter of dispute. But, in reality, even if we took 1 Kings 10:14 at face value there were much larger empires that would presumably have gathered more in taxes. Solomon is included on some attempts at lists of historical "wealthiest people ever," but not included on most, largely because we have no reliable historical record of his actual wealth. Understand that king Musa I of Mali reigned more than 2000 years after the time of Solomon, so there is much more reliable historical evidence for him Still, there is no accurate way to account for his total wealth. Evidence, though, of how much of the gold in Europe was derived from Malian mines does support the assertion that he may have been the wealthiest person in history.
    9
  1853. I agree. The simple problem is that maps are usually copyrighted and not in the Public Domain.
    9
  1854. We might well do an episode on the battle of Savo island sometime, yes.
    9
  1855. In the early episodes I wore different ties, and even no tie at all. Viewers (and I did not have many at the time) said they liked the bow ties, so I stuck with those.
    9
  1856. Use code thehistoryguy at https://incogni.com/thehistoryguy to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan.
    9
  1857. Counterfactuals are always interesting. But Britain was the one opponent that had never been defeated in the wars of the coalitions. If Britain had been forced to sue for peace in 1815, it would have been devastating to the coalition, in that Britain was, essentially, the checkbook of the operation. It is quite possible that, had Wellington been defeated at Waterloo, a treaty would have followed favorable to Napoleon, that maintained peace through the last six years of his natural life. (assuming his death on St. Helena was was natural.)
    9
  1858. This was one of my first episodes. Early on I wore different ties, and even did some episodes with no ties at all. Viewers commented on the bow ties, so I stuck with those.
    9
  1859. That is quite possible- there are lots of stories to tell about it.
    9
  1860. Two wars actually. But the history of US Filipino relations was too far afield in this episode.
    9
  1861. No- Jimmy Doolittle and his crew made it to China and, with the help of Chinese partisans, home. He continued flying missions, and eventually commanded the 12th, 15th and 8th Air Forces.
    9
  1862. Abu Azrael Nadr Shah distinguished his empire by making it a champion of Shia. And, in any case, he lived within the historical boundaries, and ruled the historical legacy of the Persian empire.
    9
  1863. I am not trying to be argumentative. But it is not incorrect to refer to Nadr Shah as the ruler of Persia. Napoleon was Corsican, but he still ruled France. My description in the video is completely in keeping with the historical record and practice. I do appreciate the comment, and the discussion of his ethnicity is meaningful, but I do not agree that that invalidates the description used in the episode.
    9
  1864. Yes, I will likely have an episode on the Halifax explosion.
    9
  1865. Thank you!
    9
  1866. Maybe....
    9
  1867. That has been on my list a while- although it is a challenge to tell anything from the German perspective in WWII.
    9
  1868.  @constipatedinsincity4424  I have traveled enough to see a lot of strange things while flying. Perhaps the strangest was a weather delay in Las Vegas.
    9
  1869. Rob Rosen yes- the Reno-Benteen battlefield is really the most interesting place to visit at the battlefield.
    9
  1870. As a life-long resident of flyover territory, I only use the term ironically. The entire point is that people don't pay attention when they they should.
    9
  1871. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    9
  1872. His name is spelled Pepys.
    9
  1873. She was actually about 5'10"
    9
  1874. Water was an issue, as local supplies are insufficient and, I am told, smell of sulfur. Despite the blockade, some supplies were getting in. While that was certainly part of the general “we cannot effectively defend the island” claim, the allies noted that the prisoners seemed to be in perfectly fine health.
    9
  1875. The History Guy podcasts are released every other Tuesday and available wherever podcasts are found. On alternating Tuesdays we post a previous podcast episode here on YouTube. The podcasts are posted in addition to our regular videos, posted on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday.
    9
  1876. LOL, not really. But we get far more suggestions than we have time to produce, so it may be a good while between suggestion and episode.
    9
  1877. I appreciate my sponsors, who make it possible to tell good stories.
    9
  1878. I'll check into it- Public Domain image might be a problem, but Ripley's does have a great history.
    9
  1879. The episode says an "equivalent," not a competition. That it, it was a legally chartered company with a government guaranteed trade monopoly. There was never a British or English West India company.
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  1880. Jim Pauff I understand that you have strong feelings on the subject- feelings that seem to overstate the role of a lyricist who was responsible for none of the crimes you list. This episode was not a homily to socialism, but a retrospective on a songwriter whose music inspired the nation in dark times. His vision was of gender and racial equality and mitigating the excesses of materialism, not one of violent revolution. You might choose to deride his comments on his music as “smaltzy,” but, in perspective, it certainly doesn’t seem accurate to compare that philosophy to Sacco and Vanzetti. Per usual we were not attempting to judge history, nor make a comment on modern politics. But I will jump in enough to say that not everyone who recognized the foibles of materialism in the era of the Great Depression was a version of Joseph Stalin.
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  1881. These were bombs that had been jettisoned and needed to be refurbished. The fuse was being removed with the chisel.
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  1882. Happy Birthday!
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  1883. Terry Weaver it sure feels like it. I tried sincerely to get clarification via the help desk, but they are, apparently, only able to provide links back to the obtuse community guidelines. I get that they get content through a firehose, but they need to commit some resources to the content creators who are the reason for their existence.
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  1884. Jonsan Naorem it is absolutely true that the perspective of the historian affects the history. In this case, the availability of the information does as well, as the sources readily available all come from the colonial perspective. I certainly think the British actions were heavy handed and disrespectful. They are characteristic of many similarly high handed actions against the Princely States. The interest was always in showing who was in charge. The case seems very similar to the missteps that resulted in the Chitral expedition in 1895, for example.
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  1885. I mention that in the episode.
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  1886. There are several. In this episode the little blonde girl is my daughter. On the upper left above her is George Patton, over my shoulder is an early photo of Major General Alden K. Sibley.
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  1887. That is the location, yes. But the club building was demolished.
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  1888. You are not thinking of the 1920 borders. Poland did have a border with Romania (and even larger after taking West Ukraine) and was only a thin slice of Czechoslovakia from Hungary.
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  1889. Yeah, the typesetter didn't notice?
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  1890. This occurred 92 years before confederation and sixteen years before the Constitutional Act. Canada didn’t exist yet. And yet, as Newfoundland is today part of Canada, it is still Canadian history.
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  1891. UncleAbdul you are correct. Sorry for the misspeak.
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  1892. There is the Hockey Hall of Fame...
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  1893. Thank you for your service!
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  1894. 1915
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  1895. Wait to see what options we come up with- our goal is to be both affordable and accessible.
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  1896. Thank you for your service.
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  1897. That was a different document.
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  1898. That is a good question, and i haven't found a direct answer. Given how extensive the patrols were, however, I think it most likely the fuel was supplied by the government.
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  1899. The two officers were taken by the French to guarantee exchange. The slaves were captured by Indian allies. The French likely ignored the behavior because it was important for them to maintain the alliances. The natives and the Europeans had different ideas about warfare.
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  1900. The fastest Air-breathing manned aircraft. Some unmanned aircraft are capable of greater speeds, as was the rocket powered North American X-15.
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  1901. Deborah Phillips I understand your point. But I honestly think they would have been fine. There would have been so many more there supporting the people of Skokie than marching.
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  1902. There actually aren't pirates in every episode. But it is surprising how often they figure in.
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  1903. The Russian Soviet Republic was a constituent state of the Union of Socialist Soviet Republics. That is, Murmansk and Archangel were both in Russia and the Soviet Union. The narratives by witnesses suggest that they more commonly said Russia.
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  1904. Nearly half of those - some 56,000- were during the Great War, where the British death toll was around 744,000. But the Canadian sacrifice during the World Wars was disproportionately large given its population.
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  1905. LOL yes, I have lost weight. My Dr. seems to think that make me more, rather than less, healthy...
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  1906. Landon Michael thank you!
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  1907. It was difficult to earn a patent at the time, and particularly is you were Black in America. I don't know why you'd have to work so hard to find offense in mentioning that.
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  1908. "A mixed taste of beef, odiferous codfish, and canvas-backed duck." https://penguinsblog.com/what-do-penguins-taste-like/
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  1909. It does! The Enemy Below was based on the encounter.
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  1910. It is the same knot you use to tie your shoes.
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  1911. The Lapwing class were brave little ships. https://youtu.be/rkZuSc0WtJc
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  1912. Those are Mardi Gras beads sent by a viewer.
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  1913. Join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
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  1914. None of that video is in the Public Domain. I will not apologize for respecting copyright.
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  1915. I have discussed the distinction in other episodes. A letter of marque doesn’t really change that you are taking ships on the high seas. While it might make a difference in court, even most privateers think of themselves as pirates, as do, most often, those they raid. As I am not charging anyone in a court of law, I feel that it is not unreasonable to make the claim, as, in fact, newspapers did at the time. Note that the 1854 declaration of Paris eliminated the distinction. American privateers during the US Civil War were pirates by European law. Certainly some described San Jacinto’s act as piracy. It is an interesting claim for the UK to make given their actions in 1812, but the dispute was answered via diplomacy.
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  1916.  @dominik36127 If I offended, that was not the intent. There was a great degree of controversy when the remains were initially discovered, as some suggested that it implied that the general was transsexual. While the idea is not impossible- there there have documented cases of women masquerading as men to fight in war- it was incredibly unlikely with a person so well known and whose life as well documented as Count Pulaski. People rightly questioned such an assumption. But DNA analysis settled the question, as the DNA of the remains matched those of a documented relation. The conclusion that this meant that the Count was intersex is fairly described as likely, although impossible to prove. What is known is that Pulaski was male, always identified and medically presented as male, and yet remains known to be his displayed characteristics that would have had anthropologists identify them as female.
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  1917. I agree that them abandoning ship and being washed out to sea is the most likely explanation. That is the explanation that Captain Merritt favored. If so, it is doubly tragic as the ship stayed well afloat until rescue would have arrived. One of the two ship's boats was a motor launch, which would seem to have given them some chance. And how the ship, with such an experienced captain, wound up on the shoals is another question.
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  1918. Join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    9
  1919. Pat Garrett certainly sought reward money, and he did publish a book on the life of Billy. Billy's grave, or at least the grave of the man Garrett killed, is in Fort Sumner, NM. not Tucson. There is a marker, although it has been stolen and replaced several times. He was buried next to Tom O’Folliard and Charlie Bowdre
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  1920. Thank you!
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  1921. There was, at one point, a "pastry war." Expect five minutes on that soon.
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  1922. Carolyn Howk Thank you!
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  1923. That is a fair point. The term means, literally, "before the war," and exactly when and where it applies in US history has been a matter of dispute.
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  1924. Use code thehistoryguy at https://incogni.com/thehistoryguy to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan.
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  1925. Hey, I didn’t say he was. Arthur Conan Doyle did.
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  1926. We decided to remove the "outtro" as the analytics showed that people weren't watching it.
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  1927. I think that you offer a very fair position. Certainly we need to have historical perspective when judging acts of the past. But, on the other hand, there were millions of people who recognized that slavery was wrong at the time, and that perspective is also history. In general, I don't try to make history about right or wrong (although, as with any historian, my own biases do seep in) but I also try to strike a balance. Justices Murphy, Roberts and Jackson certainly saw the obvious flaws in the Korematsu decision. Yes, I can see the decision in context, but yes, I can see how, from both the perspective of people at the time and from those who have followed, it was a flawed decision. Those flaws should not be ignored in the name of history.
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  1928. Wow! That man survived a lot.
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  1929. There was a point where the tunnel became a haven for “thieves and prostitutes.” At least one article referred to the petty criminals of the tunnel as “under river pirates.”
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  1930. You are correct- my mistake. they lowered flaps, not raised them.
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  1931. The ship was named the J.L. Luckenbach, and sailed for the Luckenbach Steamship company of New York. J.L. Luckenbach was a marine engineer and eventually chairman of the board of the American Bureau of Shipping. There does not seem to be any direct connection between him and Jakob Luckenbach, the German nobleman and early Texas Hill Country settler after whom the unincorporated community in Texas famed as a country music venue is named. The J.L. Luckenbach had an exciting adventure in WWI, surviving a three hour attack by a U-Boat before a destroyer arrived and drove the submarine off. The ship was renamed twice more over its career- becoming SS Princess and then SS Madison before finally being broken up in 1924.
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  1932. That is my wife. Our daughter is 12.
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  1933. I thought I did too. I started to research this one confident of the existence of the Atlas Mountain elephant. It was fascinating to find that it was an invention of historians almost universally denied by biologists. That actually caused a bit of a paradigm shift for me.
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  1934. That is a fair point, but I think that "meritorious achievement" is not an unreasonable claim.
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  1935. It was not an act of war because we were not at war. The goal absolutely was to intimidate and scare Americans away from providing arms to the allies. It does not matter that they were unwilling to take responsibility. They were not just destroying munitions, they were trying to scare the population in order to stop production. It meets the classic definition of terrorism, and is widely considered to be terrorism by historians. Certainly it was sabotage and certainly it had a strategic goal, but that does not exclude the fact that it was terrorism. I understand the argument being made (although I am unconvinced as to the value in such parsing,) but I stand by the description as a fair representation of the events.
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  1936. It was, though just barely before.
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  1937. There is a common misconception that the broadside moved the ship sideways. That was caused by an optical illusion, as the water is moved by the concussion of the blast.
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  1938. Callie Masters there were many- there were photojournalists there. But those are all under copyright. I only use what is in the Public Domain.
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  1939. We release at 7 AM Central.
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  1940. I don't know why it is showing this way
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  1941. He thinks he's pretty perfect, too.
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  1942. That is just a picture of the control room. I could not find a picture of the actual computer.
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  1943. His name is Pookie.
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  1944. Passenger Pigeon- carrier pigeons are a different kind of pigeon. :)
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  1945. There have been 46 presidencies, but only 45 men have been presidents.
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  1946. Correct- their horses were in Florida. The 10th fought dismounted as well.
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  1947. It never ceases to amaze me how absurdly offended people can be at the smallest things. C.E. vs A.D. is a case of the sort of absurdist "controversy" where I am a villain no matter what I do. I won't play that game. It is just a date- a way to represent a point in time- nothing more.
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  1948. £472. Roughly $590.
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  1949. Crazy Brit Nasa Fan thank you!
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  1950. Not wholly, it seems that Washington did seek to return her by force, but did not have the opportunity.
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  1951. And more to come.
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  1952. We have around 500 more pictures than we could fit into this episode. We'll get them in another time.
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  1953. I disagree- it was a grueling trail used because of a lack of alternatives.
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  1954. Thank you! I actually have one of those marks that was removed as part of a highway project.
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  1955. Prof2You Smithe it was absolutely and incredible undertaking. And its intent was to help assure that idea of mutually assured destruction that has so far prevented nuclear holocaust.
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  1956. julemanden uden gaver The Adventures of Lieutenant Petrosino (1912); Pay or Die (1960); The Black Hand (1973)
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  1957. They weren't driving a jeep. They were driving Ken Taylor's brand new Buick.
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  1958. Mentioned in this episode: https://youtu.be/2DK_uqh0QCE
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  1959. The description of the gun is documented and correct. It was not used in WWIi, although Boro described it as a World War II “keepsake.”
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  1960. I did not intend to inject politics.
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  1961. Attempting some facial hair.
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  1962. I tend to avoid taking sides in historical conflicts. But it does, as they say, take two to tango. You can talk provocations (I do hope to do an episode on the Jameson raid,) but the Second Boer War did start with the Dutch republics invading British South Africa. I think it historically questionable to lay the conflict entirely at the feet of the British.
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  1963. Please don't hold me responsible for the ads. If you just ignore an ad you don't like, the advertiser gets no money and I do.
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  1964. Yes, I have things on the list for both.
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  1965. Lol- it has.
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  1966. Actually their hat designs and copious medals are similar to Soviet designs.
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  1967. Yes, a Toby mug. A gift from a viewer.
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  1968. Yes- another interesting bit of history
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  1969. ezdeezytube maybe the kindest comment I've ever gotten. Thanks!
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  1970. LongeyMusic it is interesting, as Manipur actually lost some autonomy in 1947.
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  1971. David Hanny the voyage of the Deutschland was really an interesting bit of forgotten history.
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  1972. True, but I am not sure that you would say that what de Grasse did was "theft." They were French troops. From a military standpoint, the question is, was this "insubordination" or "initiative." The answer usually depends upon whether the commander was successful.
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  1973. It was an interesting concept- a sports car intended to compete with a Porsche made from a Pinto. Kit cars have an interesting history them selves. I may well do an episode on the subject. Thank you!
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  1974. That is an arcane argument, but there is a clearly accepted common pronunciation.
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  1975. Araeagle in fact, so do I.
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  1976. I am sorry you felt that way. But "this person begat that person" is the way castles get built. I think you can't truly understand the history of the Isles without understand the inter-workings of the aristocracy. The point was not "this person begat that person," it was how marriage begat wealth begat castles.
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  1977. South Dakota's Record Breaking Weather https://youtu.be/4auMcmLsMB8
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  1978. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
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  1979. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
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  1980. You are correct- sorry. It was two cylinder, not two stroke.
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  1981. I may well do an episode on that very interesting conflict.
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  1982. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGibUtzcMLD-RhxCcE5xURFq
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  1983. Rose McGuinn that is Mrs History Guy. We are a team.
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  1984. Thank you for the correction! I do apologize.
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  1985. I can say that their names were not recorded in the newspapers. I can also say that both period newspapers and modern analysis of the events suggest that deaths were underreported because much of the damage was among Black sharecroppers. I believe my comment to be historically accurate, and don’t see any reason that it would be considered “incendiary.”
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  1986. I will pass that along! She did not happen to write this episode, but she writes quite a few. At the bottom of the episode description we credit the writer. "THG" is me, "HCW" is Ms HG, "JCG" is my son. Ms HG is also the artist behind our new thumbnails.
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  1987. Yes< I do plan to do an episode on the Molasses flood.
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  1988. She was very contented, and is very curious about filming. Cats are not abused in my home. Respectfully, stop pretending you know my cat.
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  1989. You are choosing the most limited definition of Taiwanese, while the accepted definition includes all citizens of the ROC. Respectfully, your ethnic definition might have meaning in a cultural context, but it has little to do with the politics of the Taiwan Strait crisis.
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  1990. I am perfectly willing to admit when I am wrong. I am sticking to my guns because you are simply incorrect. The very most fuel efficient non-electric cars in the US today approach 50 MPG ratings. A new Smart fortwo- significantly lighter than a Jetta- rates at 38 MPG. A brand new Jetta rates at 40 MPG. No, sir, we are not near a 70 MGP car in the US, not now nor then. It was not at all misleading for me to state that fact. As I did explain, European cars with high MPG ratings have failed to meet US safety standards. Again, that is no lie, it is simply fact. I am sorry that you have decided to dig in on an issue where you are so clearly incorrect on your assumptions.
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  1991. It was like a like a giant Wienermobile with a broken steering wheel.
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  1992. Get free life insurance quotes from America’s top insurers and start saving today with Policygenius: https://Policygenius.com/thehistoryguy. Thanks to Policygenius for sponsoring this video!
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  1993. We have never changed formats. I continue releasing THG episodes on YouTube every Monday, Wednesday and Friday. (Although I do occasionally miss a day) My son Josh joins me on podcasts, which are released every other Tuesday.
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  1994. Yes, the Grand Canyon mid-air collision s on the topic list.
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  1995. History of the United State's Smallest Uniformed Service https://youtu.be/UObIsmmGD-A
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  1996. It is an interesting story, yes.
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  1997. Spencer Townsend I went to the University of Colorado, where he is a distinguished alumnus. The ballroom in the student union is named after him.
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  1998. Doug Sundseth Polk sent Zachary Taylor marching around with an army in the disputed territory, making war inevitable. I don’t want to overstate the case, or imply that the war was just provoked by the US, as Mexico offered little room and was clearly as set on war as Polk. But I do believe it possible that war could have been avoided with a less aggressive president. We also may have not chosen to invade Mexico but just defend Texas, and not chosen to impose such expansionist terms in a treaty concluding war, either of which might have significantly affected events leading up to the Civil War. I am not pressing counterfactuals- what happened happened. But I find it a stretch to say that the events between 1844 and 1861were “inevitable.” Polk was a very effective president historically, but he did exacerbate sectional divides and has been generally criticized for his aggressive stance leading the country into war. It is not difficult to imagine different outcomes had Tyler/Van Buren/Clay been elected. But the point here is not to try to claim that, absent the Princeton disaster, the War with Mexico and/or the Civil War would not have occurred. Rather, the point is that this under-appreciated event so changed politics that it dramatically changed a presidential election at a complex and critical point in the nation’s history.
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  1999. I am very sorry- I had not checked personal messages in a while. I responded via email. You are welcome to use any of my videos as a reference.
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  2000. The fascist Ustashe were exceptionally violent- so much so that they shocked the Nazis. Part of the point of the episode was that there was violence all around, but the description of the Ustashe was not hyperbolic by any means.
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  2001. https://youtu.be/cDwsnpo066g
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  2002. Yes, we knew this topic would stir some emotions. But, seriously, is 100 years somehow "too soon?" History deserves to be remembered, even history that some would prefer to forget.
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  2003. Same here. Wanted to fly fighter planes until the day the optometrist said "he'll never be a pilot."
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  2004. Banjo 12 that is a fair point- according to infoplease, based on state death registration data, the average life expectancy in the antebellum era was only around 40. However, that number is skewed by high infant and childhood mortality. Once a person made it to the age of 10, their median life expectancy was 58 years. Poe’s death was sudden and early even by the standards of the day.
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  2005. Evirthewarrior obviously there is no right and wrong way, and I certainly meant no statement about how anyone should cut their foos. But yes, you do see there is some logic behind the cut and switch. The dominant hand should do both the cutting and conveying.
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  2006. Sorry! Got back yesterday and was moving a tad slowly this AM.
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  2007. I'll never tell.
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  2008. My Dad loved Marty Robbins (on 8-track)
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  2009. There is much more to say about Smedley Butler, and we may well do a full episode on him at some point, but he did get mention in this episode: https://youtu.be/hWywAOowjPA
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  2010. Well, at least we burned the old stuff.
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  2011. It is actually an interesting history, and might become an episode.
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  2012. Ths issue with including the cats is that is requires the cooperation of cats. They are included pretty much whenever they show up for work...
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  2013. No media in the public domain. :(
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  2014. He got one trial, which was determined to have been unfair.
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  2015. The line was "when colonists first settled"
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  2016. The NWMP were a very interesting force with a very interesting history. I may well do an episode on them. I don't think, though, that a concern of trapping across the border was a primary driver for their creation. While some trappers or fur hunters may have been involved in the 1873 Cypress Hills Massacre, the more immediate concern was whiskey-traders, which were seen as a driving force behind hostilities with the First Nations. If there were Americans to eject, it would have been the whiskey traders, not fur trappers. In reality, the whiskey traders wanted no confrontation with an armed unit, and moved on without any significant confrontation with the NWMP. There was even greater concern that any particular hostility might drive US involvement across the border. The NWMP were more involved, for example, in enforcing against horse raiding south across the border, for fear that would draw in the US Army. In a real sense, the NWMP were created because the Dominion needed some sort of police force in the territory when it was acquired from the Hudson's Bay Company in 1870. Respectfully, I haven't seen any evidence that conflict over fur trapping was any siginifcant part of their early history. But, understand, the NWMP were formed nearly forty years after the Rocky Mountain Fur Company folded.
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  2017. I have not- I will check it out
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  2018. A point that we make in the episode. He straddled the time when the vision of empire changed, and stuck to his romanticized views even when the world had largely moved on. But if you truly regard his work, I think you'll find a more realistic appreciation for the foibles of empire than he is often given credit for.
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  2019. This is a compilation of episodes that were previously posted. They were posted at all times of the year. I do not reserve episodes that feature Black history for February.
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  2020. Subscribed!
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  2021. U-405 actually had previously twice survived attacks by aircraft.
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  2022. G Kuljian I think we have avoided war because we realize the horrors of war. Just because war has not disappeared doesn’t mean that what we have learned from history has not prevented more war. I don’t intend to force any episode on any viewers. I create and maintain watchlists so that viewers can choose their interests. But war is an undeniable part of human history, and I do not intend to ignore any part of human history because of someone’s choice of sensibilities. I do not believe that anything good can come from pretending away history that we do not like. I am not trying to drive any agenda in this channel except that history deserves to be remembered.
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  2023. exp vlogz Carey certainly made his mistakes. A good description at the time was that “Carey was a very smart officer who had the ill fortune not to rise to the occasion when the opportunity presented itself.”
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  2024. Thomas Conrow of course historians make conclusions. That is, in fact, a fundamental purpose of studying history. I understand the complaints about the conclusion. But I disagree, and actually find your position disturbing. No matter what someone thinks of themselves, there are objective measures of right and wrong. If we do not consider those, how do we learn from history? The issue here is a valid and important point, as it raises a fair question in terms of treatment of the Andamanese, who literally ask no more than to be let alone. If everyone occupies a place in society, aren’t these tiny islands their place? Or does the cultural relativist assumption that “no one considers themselves to be a savage” offer a catch all excuse for taking whatever you wish? I did not intend to insult the British empire, the 24 th foot, or the men who risked their lives to rescue their comrades. My point is that coming to their island and shooting at them is a poor choice when we could simply let them keep their small part of the world to themselves. This is, I think, a fair lesson of history. I am somewhat surprised that it is so controversial.
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  2025. Voting was done by delegation, not by delegate.
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  2026. I’ll argue for Columbus here. The Vikings brought back neither pumpkins nor coffee. They came, they saw, they stayed briefly, and they left. In 1492 even the Vikings had forgotten North America. No matter what you want to say of Columbus, it was his voyage that connected the old world and the new. If discovery means anything, it means bringing attention to something new.
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  2027. O'Bannon was scrapped. To my knowledge, four Fletcher-class destroyers are preserved as museum ships: the USS Kidd in Baton Rouge, La.; the USS The Sullivans in Buffalo, N.Y.; the USS Cassin Young in Boston; and the USS Charrette, later renamed Velos by the Hellenic Navy, in the Museum of Anti-Dictatorial Struggle in Thessaloniki, Greece.
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  2028. Yes, he was described in a newspaper as a “very respectable man.”
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  2029. Qapla’
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  2030. That was the broadcaster’s grandfather.
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  2031. SunnyZona it was movement, and a self-described label. It generally refers to a socially unconventional person, usually involved in the arts. The etymology does refer to the historical kingdom. In France, Bohemian came to mean, essentially, a term for Gypsy, based on a completely incorrect notion that the Roma came from the are of the former kingdom. The members of the artist movement were then described as being “artistic gypsies.” The name was popularized by artistic vignettes that then became the basis of Puccini’s opera La bohème. The name was ( and to an extent still is) used to refer to the unconventional artistic community of Paris. We use it here as it was used by Picasso and his contemporaries. Certainly we (and presumably the artists of Paris who embraced the term) mean no disrespect to the people who come from the part of the Czech Republic historically known as Bohemia.
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  2032. I absolutely plan to!
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  2033. They require fairly direct light, and I use umbrella lamps in the studio. It is difficult to put enough light on them in the studio without it causing glare in the camera. All of them work perfectly fine in natural light.
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  2034. https://youtu.be/VOOAb7erAmE
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  2035. https://youtu.be/DnHYn_ggAzg
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  2036. You are correct. I just used a picture of a Pan Am Clipper, but should have used a photo of the Martin 130.
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  2037. Oops! That should be Anglo-Dutch fleet. Sorry!
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  2038. Pocky. He loves attention.
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  2039. Thank you for your service!
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  2040. Ads are done by Google Ads and customized to the viewer. Sharing the link will not share the ad.
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  2041. ziggy 2shus correct- the film is in the Public Domain.
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  2042. I do often wear jeans rather than putting on the matching suit pants.
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  2043. With a white flag underneath.
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  2044. In general, horses would die along large stretches of the silk road if they didn't have camels along to carry fodder.
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  2045. That was Alan Shepard. The club (actually just a club head attached to a tool used for collecting rocks) was approved as a scientific “experiment.”
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  2046. It is open Wednesday through Saturday,
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  2047. They have. https://youtu.be/qG97818j1_c?si=uJrL-h0Tqyn2XVww
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  2048. Agreed- it is a rather astounding record if you thunk of it.
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  2049. Parliament did not move to Canberra until 1927 when what is today called the "Old Parliament House" first opened. Prior to 1927, the Parliament met at the Victoria Parliament House in Melbourne. Ambassador Howard's letter requesting that the fleet arrive in Melbourne first is recorded here: https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1925v02/pg_282
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  2050. The Erie canal, completed in 1825, did much to open trade between the Northeast and the Midwest. Canals and waterways proved to be more effective means of moving freight, and that was one of the reasons that Congress stopped funding the national road, and passed the responsibility for maintenance of the road on to the states in the 1830s.
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  2051. How long is your attention span?
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  2052. Of course the claim of being the best car in motor sports will always be a matter of controversy and opinion. That is particularly true when you compare sports as divergent as drag racing and the Indy 500. The Greer, Black & Prudhomme dragster set multiple records, and a case certianly could be made for the car. However, to be fair, the famous yellow dragster only operated two successful years. The Boyle Special successfully ran in the Indy 500 a whopping fourteen years. That is extraordinary given the pace of technological development in motor sports.
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  2053. LOL
    8
  2054. That crash may get its own episode some day.
    8
  2055. We invented the control of fire.
    8
  2056. I've had several people mention that battle. I am concerned that it is both too well known for a channel on forgotten history and too complex for the short format. I may do an episode, but I am not sure this is the best place for such a topic.
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  2057. Wright Flyer there is a lot of history,
    8
  2058.  @michaelwarren2391  only sort of, in that the NTSB concluded that the engine, which was not flamed out but merely “hung,” would likely have returned to normal operation had the bleed air valve been closed as the checklist indicated it should. My understanding is that the altitude limit was not a safety issue, but had to do with oxygen needed to restart an engine that was actually flamed out. The co-pilot requested permission to lower altitude from ground control, and the pilots indicated they never received a response. In fact, ground control did respond and grant them permission. It appears the crises had already escalated to the point where the plane had lost control, and the pilots were not able to hear the response. That is to say, the altitude of the restart attempt was irrelevant, as the plane had gone out of normal control before an altitude change could have been accomplished. The real error was staying on auto-pilot when the plane needed a person controlling the yaw via the rudder.
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  2059. Which is an interesting story, as the Silk Road became too unsafe for travel shortly after his return.
    8
  2060. That was part of the story, although the complaint was more about the taxation.
    8
  2061. Gold melt value should, actually, not be an issue. All gold coins and certificates were supposed to have been turned in by Executive Order 6102 in 1933. They were redeemed for paper money at face value. So, in theory, the adjusted value of any US gold denomination today would be the inflation adjusted dollar value from 1933. That would be by regular inflation adjustment $24.28 per dollar. Thus the ten dollar gold half-eagle is, in inflation adjusted value, just $242.80. That is substantially less than its .4837 ounces of gold current melt value of $1406.82. A collector might, however, pay substantially more depending upon condition. The NGC price guide suggests a high quality mint condition grade 66 1861 gold half eagle could be worth $200,000. Thus there is substantial range in the current dollar value of what was stolen.
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  2062. It is. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/9197/kenneth-i_-sawyer
    8
  2063. acchaladka they are the same award. The official title is “Medal of Honor.” But as the award is given “in the name of Congress,” it is often called the Congressional Medal of Honor. Both names are used to refer to the award within the United States Code. The award is limited to serving members of the military and is for “Conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of life and above and beyond the call of duty.” Only a handful have been given out for actions that occurred in peacetime. As Byrd was on active duty with the US Navy at the time, he was eligible. The citation reads: “For distinguishing himself conspicuously by courage and intrepidity, at the risk of his life, in demonstrating that it is possible for aircraft to travel in continuous flight from a now inhabited portion of the earth over the North Pole and return.” His pilot, Floyd Bennett, who was a non-commissioned officer (the title was Chief Aviation Pilot- equivalent of a Chief Petty officer) was also awarded the Medal of Honor for the flight. Charles Lindberg, who was a Captain in the Army Air Corps Reserve, also was awarded the Medal of Honor for his solo transatlantic flight.
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  2064.  @williamromine5715  it is a fair point- “an 1862” sounds very like “a 1962.” But, obviously, a man who died in 1870 didn’t go to Annapolis in 1960.
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  2065. Likely at some point. I am handicapped, in that I haven't managed to acquire a good stahlhelm for my collection.
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  2066. Despite appearances, Samuel Franklin Cody was actually not related to Buffalo Bill.
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  2067. True- mega fauna. Whatever they worth, I'd guess the poo was till mammoth...
    8
  2068. The letter was written by Leo Szilard and Eugene Wigner, who enlisted Einstein to sign the letter as it would be more likely to get the appropriate attention. The explanation from all parties was that Szilard dictated the letter in German, Wigner wrote it down and Einstein signed it.
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  2069. Men of Harlech stand ye steady.
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  2070. Historically i think it shows that people are particularly susceptible to demagogues and impostors in times of strife. It also underlines the importance of leadership. it is stunning how many people have died in history because of a poor transition of rulers.
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  2071. Thank you for your service!
    8
  2072. Fair point. In fact, after first attempting neutrality, Kentucky was represented in both the Union and the Confederacy. The star at the center of the Confederate battle-flag represents Kentucky, but the Confederate government of Kentucky never had real authority in the state. The position of Kentucky in the war is discussed in this episode: https://youtu.be/-b2GK3HekGI
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  2073. I use a program called Viddyoze.
    8
  2074. Mine certainly are. very occasionally you"l see one pop up in the background of one of the episodes.
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  2075. Michael Dougfir I certainly agree that the US has a number of historic roads and highways that are worthy of notice. I do plan more episodes about some of those. But your comment is perplexing. This video is not about the Interstate highway system.
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  2076. The foundation tells us that they have the resources for the hull repairs, but are still seeking donations for interior restorations.
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  2077. I talk history, not future. ;)
    8
  2078. But if you let him in he'll see THE BIG BOARD!
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  2079. Oddly the first HMS Cherokee was commissioned in 1808, while the first USS Cherokee was not commissioned until 1859.
    8
  2080. Yes, yes we are.
    8
  2081. Almost eighteen years.
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  2082. My guess is that the flag was advertiser-friendly guidelines, not community guidelines. We have a lot of experience working with our YT partner to know what images are acceptable.
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  2083. You may or may not find poetic justice in the fact that you cannot flip his grave. He was buried at St Mary’s church in Battersea. But, owing to a clerical error, he was disinterred during a 19th century renovation and thrown into an anonymous mass grave.
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  2084. Yes, “look at all my bastards” is an odd way to sway potential in-laws.
    8
  2085.  @AirborneDoc-nb1pe  the hearings in Congress were bipartisan in support. And it is common to review past awards. But I agree, politics was involved.
    8
  2086.  @MariaMartinez-researcher  the lines can be fuzzy, and we have struggled at times. There is, though, a review team now, much better than having to deal with customer service.
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  2087. Kaiser had his problems.
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  2088. Tellgryn I am of the opinion that he killed himself. He was known to be depressive, and was found with no boots or horse. Apparently he had the boots off and the horse startled and ran off with his boots. Miles from anywhere with no shoes, he took his own life. There was a point where Wyatt Earp was said to have claimed to kill him, but the description was not consistent with how the body was found.
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  2089. Just a cold, I have a few days off here.
    8
  2090. To be fair, Greely and his team lived for two years at the most northerly research station in the world, and not only successfully managed thousands of scientific measurements, explored significant unexplored areas, and broke the record for exploring the farthest north, but also did so without losing a single person. When they traveled south, they did so professionally, and following the expedition plan. It is difficult to say the expedition was poorly led. Rather, it was poorly supported by an apathetic administration.
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  2091. Yes- it is called the Mingo National Wildlife Refuge.
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  2092. Only in historical context.
    8
  2093. phlodel https://youtu.be/yseldOMcT4Q
    8
  2094. A great rivalry back in the day.
    8
  2095. The Brazilian contribution to the allied effort in the Secodnd world War is underappreciated.
    8
  2096. HAL 9000 I do understand what people are saying. The intent was specifically not to make this episode about politics. I don’t think that Mr Harburg was any extremist, but certainly his works as a songwriter deserve to be remembered.
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  2097. It would be, ultimately, an act of desperation.
    8
  2098. Not at all. I always talk about obscure things, many much more forgotten than socks.
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  2099. I use a program called Viddyoze, and that animation is called “Miami.” It seemed apropos.
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  2100. We post approximately 7 am US central time (GMT -6) every Monday Wednesday and Friday.
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  2101. Couldn’t at the time either. The plaintiff in a Breach of Promise case has to be a woman.
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  2102. Dabbr Bowling I get them from many places, often from viewers. I do have one researcher who assists on some episodes.
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  2103. That is an open question. It seems clear that he did drink, but not clear that he drank more than was typical of the time, nor that he was an alcoholic. Some have claimed that he was forced to leave Pan Am because of drinking, but there is no apparent evidence that that was the case. People who knew him said that he was always a professional when flying, but acknowledge that he did drink at night. There are a couple of authors who have accused him of going on a bender the night before the flight to Howland, but others contradict that, and the film of them getting on the plane shows no sign of hangover or inebriation.
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  2104. Fair point, although a full accounting of the massacre at Fort Griswold deserves more time than would fit into this episode.
    8
  2105. No, I teach on YouTube.
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  2106. Those were mostly not typographical errors on the part of the papers. Those are the results of Herrick demanding that his letters be published as written.
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  2107. Correct, there were other riots, but none nearly as destructive as New York.
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  2108. Ray - buying a domain name comes down to arguing with the brokers who own it that because we hold the trademark, they would be amiss to sell it elsewhere. Also. $$.
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  2109. The information in the video IS history, no quotes needed. That many scientists at the time subscribed to pseudo-scientific eugenics theory doesn’t improve the historical context. It is incorrect to claim that I am applying an anachronistic standard. A significant percentage of people at the time immediately recognized that it was wrong to display a human in a cage. I did specifically mention that he may have faced a brutal life in Africa, but that does not change the history of his treatment here. I told history, accurately. Your complaint seems to be that you don’t like this history. Respectfully, history is history, and sometimes history should make you uncomfortable.
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  2110.  @turdferguson2839  if we did not criticize people for thinking the earth was flat, we’d still think the earth was flat. It is ok to admit that we have learned some things since. And you keep conveniently forgetting that plenty of people at the time knew that Oda Benga’s treatment was wrong. I tell history. You are choosing to make your own conclusions. Again, it is not my job to provide excuses for history. That is not “context,” it is spin. If you think this history makes people look bad, that is not the fault of the historian.
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  2111. There were numerous horrific mutilations and displays. It was a truly shameful act.
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  2112. The method of using cloud seeding on hurricanes is a bust. But other methods are still being considered.
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  2113. Nope- my mistake. Are a few clips of an old Randolph Scott pirate move stuck at the end of that. Sorry!
    8
  2114. Thank you for your service!
    8
  2115. Yeah, I knew it wasn't even a good try, but I don't have a talent for pronouncing German.
    8
  2116. Careers languished between wars. Braddock was a lieutenant for twenty years. In terms of opportunity, though, Washington tried to contact Stobo regarding a land grant in Virginia, only to find that he had committed suicide.
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  2117. I am constantly surprised by how people manage to construe my politics from these episodes. Most comically, different viewers come to opposite conclusions based on the same episodes. I make no comment on my personal, contemporary politics, nor on mayors Koch or Giuliani. I humbly suggest that your construction of my politics likely says more about your politics than mine.
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  2118. I have, and intend to visit some more. I taught at a University in AZ for ten years.
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  2119. Cool story! I'd have it on my wall.
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  2120. Jack Mason yup. It was Jamaica, so there were pirate everywhere.
    8
  2121. Fair point.
    8
  2122. Cat thank you!
    8
  2123. LOL it grows, I get it cut, it grows again, I get it cut again. it is like an endless cycle.
    8
  2124. Alistair Thomson I have not- there is a lot to cover in that era.
    8
  2125. In brief, yes, the tale of the Wise Men of Gotham is related to Batman's Gotham City, via Jonathan Swift. That story is told in this episode: https://youtu.be/RkxYjNmiP1Y
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  2126. That is very kind of you. I can only promise to take care of it and to display it on set. Our mailing address is the History Guy, PO Box 1473, O'Fallon, IL USA 62269. Please include your return address so that we can send a thank you and reimburse you for shipping.
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  2127. There was certainly some anti-semitic sentiment in Ireland. One reason that de Valera was cautious of allowing immigration by Jewish refugees was fear of inflaming that sentiment.
    8
  2128. Alas, I have no authority over the availability of pumpkin spice, but I do agree with you that pumpkin spice is among America's greatest crimes against the rest of the world. This is an interesting history of how a mix of simple spices was transformed into the monster it has become today: http://chicagoist.com/2014/10/31/pumpkin_spice_rise_and_fall_of_an_a.php
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  2129. I made a brief mention of that in the episode on cattle. I am trying to figure out a way to do the story justice, and hope to have an entire episode on the subject at some point.
    8
  2130. https://youtu.be/zL0JHPD0uOk
    8
  2131.  @edgardner8539  thank you for the compliment at the start. Please don’t be afraid to comment- your opinion matters.
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  2132. Chicago has a lot of kings…
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  2133. No, it was not, although John Looney seemed to fit the term. Reportedly Al Capone only met him once and his opinion was "That Irishman is crazy." The word "Lunatic" is derived from the Latin word "luna" meaning "moon." It was thought that insanity was affected by the phases of the moon. "Looney" seems to have been simply a derivation of the word lunatic, although it also may be derived from the Middle English word "loun," which meant a lout or rogue.
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  2134. In fact, he does. But he doesn't much like it. We have divergent fashion tastes.
    8
  2135. You are not required to listen.
    8
  2136. Yup- stole their silver long before becoming a soldier.
    8
  2137. Not yet, no. The area is so littered with wrecks from two wars that it has been very difficult to identify the Tampa.
    8
  2138. The newspapers didn’t clarify. Perhaps a cesarean scar?
    8
  2139. I would usually agree, although in this case it worked, as ideas like only using modules that had already been tested, and leveraging the teams and contractor that managed the previous Pioneer projects helped meet all three objectives.
    8
  2140. I believe that Jutland proved what I claimed it did in the episode.
    8
  2141. The Corps of Discovery was the name special army unit established for the expedition.
    8
  2142. It was ejected before the crash and has never been found.
    8
  2143. My goal was not to take a side in the war per se. But the events of Sand Creek were real, horrible, and had significant implications. Chivington managed to escape justice by resigning his commission before he could be court-marshaled.
    8
  2144. Blake, I agree. No culture is without criticism, and it is wrong to take the actions of any group out of context. My goal is not to create villains, but to tell facts. In every war, both sides tend to think the others to be savages. In most cases, both are correct.
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  2145. I appreciate my sponsors.
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  2146.  @shawnr771  that is somewhat of a misconception. While the award is named the “Medal of Honor,” it is awarded “in the name of congress” and the enabling legislation uses both “Medal of Honor” and “Congressional Medal of Honor.” Simply put, Congressional Medal of Honor is not incorrect, and is merely another description of the same decoration.
    8
  2147. Trek of the US 25th Infantry Bicycle Corps https://youtu.be/4ZKiRVMbDhM
    8
  2148. I had a USB port go bad, and had to record on the backup computer. I don’t know what was wrong there, maybe settings, but this was the best I could get after several tries. The problem is corrected now, but I am not allowed to update on the same link. I’ll post an updated version at some point. Thanks everyone for understanding- sometimes the equipment just doesn’t cooperate.
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  2149. Ronald Reagan was governor of California.
    8
  2150. Wow! Amazing story! Thanks!
    8
  2151. That, again, depends upon the definition of continent.
    8
  2152. Eric Taylor interestingly no. While “The High and the Mighty” has a very similar plot, it came out two years before the crash of Pan Am flight 6.
    8
  2153. I did not spend much time on the explosion, as that was too far off point, and we may do an episode on it some day.
    8
  2154. I wish my bank account looked more like his... ;)
    8
  2155. I intend to do an episode on Elizabeth Friedman, just haven't gotten to it.
    8
  2156. Strudel is 16 months.
    8
  2157. It was a gift from a viewer
    8
  2158. Huh. I have never produced an other-than digital head shot. To be honest, you are the first person who I can recall asking. If you mail (pretty much) anything (within reason) to The History Guy, P.O.Box 1473, O'Fallon, IL, 62269 with a self-addressed return envelope, I am happy to autograph it.
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  2159. This episode is about history, and was in no way intended as a statement on current politics.
    8
  2160. Aremor that is similar to the lion theory. I am dubious, though, as the pattern of the attacks was not consistent with hyena behavior. And hyenas have short, bushy tails. But it is quite possible that it was an exotic animal imported for a menagerie.
    7
  2161. Albert Mag that line is from a poem by Rudyard Kipling.
    7
  2162. That is a good story- as if the top bunk was going to protect you if Skylab hit your house. I am glad that you survived!
    7
  2163. The two are related- but the airborne version- Pneumonic plague- is the more dangerous of the two.
    7
  2164. I would love to see it someday. I wanted to say more about the flag, but there is actually a complex and subtle story there and i just didn't have time to do justice to it in this episode.
    7
  2165. Yes, the decision to paint the stipes came as a result of the battle of Calabria. But, in the Navy's favor, the air force didn't hit anything...
    7
  2166. That one is Lucky Star
    7
  2167. To be fair, even the Flak 18 had ground sites. It didn’t take much repurposing to make it an anti-tank weapon.
    7
  2168. Jeff Sartain that one is Lucky Star
    7
  2169. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    7
  2170. Thank you!
    7
  2171. Correct! Over time they stopped drawing the other end of the sword.
    7
  2172. That is true.
    7
  2173. The “Friends” were the Quakers.
    7
  2174. Most likely yes, the "Shivoree," was derived from the French Charivari.
    7
  2175. Bottom line, yes, we get more compensation if you watch through the ads. Personally I find YouTube premium worth the subscription, that way you skip the ads but the creators still get compensation.
    7
  2176. Drachinifel and I are very different creators though.
    7
  2177.  @davidgrowsdragonfruit5301  the video will still be posted when you wake up. :)
    7
  2178.  @Jameson1776  the ads are not tied to my channel. Not everyone gets the same ads. Adsense actually customizes them to you, and for some reason, thinks that you are a good target. If you are a viewer, you know that I am not a political creator. But, again, this is my job. I cannot afford to shut off ad revenue. It would be frankly stupid for me to shut off political ads in an election year. I do have to pay my mortgage.
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  2179. Talked about Palomares here: https://youtu.be/yIrSBmG46n8
    7
  2180. There is some evidence that he tried both to pay her off and to bribe the chief of police to "use his influence" to keep her quiet. Both refused.
    7
  2181. Tomasina Covell mine is the limited edition “watermelon” color.
    7
  2182. People clicked thumbs up before finishing viewing it.
    7
  2183. https://youtu.be/aiRkoEn6me4
    7
  2184. I was a Park Ranger at Fort Necessity for a while. I spent a good deal of time in Uniontown.
    7
  2185. The Frigate was named after Essex County, Massachusetts, where it was built. But Essex county was named after the county in England.
    7
  2186. I am sure they would have had they had the chance. They were described as being "handsome and well formed."
    7
  2187. That was multiple outfits over multiple days.
    7
  2188. Well, they both led ill-fated rebellions.
    7
  2189. Wisconsin had nothing to do with either of the Mammoth Cheeses.
    7
  2190. The attack, made essentially in the wrong direction failed, but the battle itself was indecisive.
    7
  2191. The timing is because this is the anniversary of the burning of Richmond. Per usual, I make no statement about current politics.
    7
  2192.  @RicTic66  I left John Snow out of the episode because, despite his discovery, few actually believed him and it didn't affect policy at the time.
    7
  2193. It doesn't- it doesn't hold water like a pith, but, is, rather the opposite, very water resistant. It is lighter.
    7
  2194. Thank you!
    7
  2195.  @tonyk1584  obviously Operation Market Time didn’t win the war, but the victory took years. The NVA had notoriously low logistics requirements, and Chinese and Soviet support was comparatively lavish, so the NVA could maintain operations even in only 1/10 of the supply made it the length of the trail. Still, the victory almost certainly would have come much sooner had supply been less complex. The actions of March 1, 1968 showed that, when the pace of operations was high, supply became a critical issue.
    7
  2196. EEK! The script says circumscribed. How did I miss that? LOL blushing here.
    7
  2197. Robert La Mont I can’t find any record of that. Are you sure that you are not confusing him with Friedrich Von Steuben?
    7
  2198. Alta California did not go to Alaska, but roughly to the Oregon border.
    7
  2199. They also don't like to put pictures in the Public Domain. But i will remember that in future episodes, thanks!
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  2200. Lol no, it is Judy Garland
    7
  2201. It is a saying that nothing goes away once it is posted on the World Wide Web. I don't know the future of YouTube, but I think there will always be a platform for history.
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  2202. I don’t know what you mean by “doctor.” I use a program called Gigapixel that helps improve image resolution. With historical images, you can only work with what you have. I don’t have a time machine that allows me to go back and take high-resolution images.
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  2203. I will keep making videos, I promise
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  2204. His patent was for a folding frame, yes. But it was the first patent of the diamond frame- which is the most common used today.
    7
  2205. Presumably the legislature that chose the actual motto were also locals.
    7
  2206. Heidi Wiechert so I hear.
    7
  2207. The vessel is unrecovered and sitting at some 18000 feet. However, a 1988 survey by a Soviet hydrographic ship suggested that some of the missile bays seemed to have been pried open, and those missiles are missing.
    7
  2208. I have not told her whole story, but the story of her brave defense at Okinawa is in tis episode: https://youtu.be/UT0CojSRhYg?si=ccpTKnnwFxVcz-1d
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  2209. This wasn’t a video about Von Braun’s history.
    7
  2210. Talked about waffle cones in this episode. A History of Ice Cream https://youtu.be/skpmoCsTk14
    7
  2211. Respectfully, that is not an accurate description of the history of war.
    7
  2212. Ian C English place names are befuddling, How is Worcester pronounced “Wooster?” But I have learned quite a bit from doing the show, and it has gotten better.
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  2213. The stop cocks were one of the theories proposed- they might have been turned off when the fuel pump was replaced. But, like other theories, there is no way to tell without evidence. The headwinds seem unsatisfying to me- it was an experienced crew, they had alternate landing options, and if it was a simple fuel issue there would have been ample time for an SOS. Moreover, another plane flew the same route just an hour ahead, and not only survived, but the Star Tiger was receiving regular updates from them. The weather conditions were simply not extraordinary. Your position is consistent with the Ministry accident report- there are a number of things that might have happened, but no way to prove any. Still, to simply disappear without and SOS and no sign of wreckage is not normal by any means, and two such wrecks in such s brief period has to be seen as extraordinary. I agree (and made the point in the conclusion) that there is no evidence that mysterious disappearances are more common in the "Bermuda triangle" than other well traveled lanes. Still, MH 370 strikes home the point that Jones made 74 years ago that "It is the same big world the ancients knew, into which men and their machines and ships can disappear without a trace.”
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  2214. I guess you could call the bird poachers pirates. Or the Yellow crazy ants...
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  2215. Yeah, I don't recall that happening before. It was nothing we changed.
    7
  2216. The podcasts are podcasts. We release them on YouTube because some people requested them here.
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  2217. No, I didn’t need extra takes for the coins. I’ve been doing that a long time.
    7
  2218. I agree. But it is a fact of history that some people have faced greater social obstacles due to gender and/or race, making such firsts historically meaningful.
    7
  2219. Pfsif that is a controversy I don’t want to get into. But he did serve his time in a men’s prison.
    7
  2220. While the conflict was relatively brief, it was quite interesting. The impacts- essentially establishing the US as a colonial power were significant.
    7
  2221. “Planet X” was Lowell’s hypothetical planet that was supposed to be causing discrepancies in Uranus and Neptune’s orbits. Yes, the Planet X theory was disproven. But Planet X is intimately related to the discovery of Pluto, which was originally thought to be Planet X. Pluto was discovered because of the search for “Planet X.,” and finding “Planet X” was Tombaugh’s task. When he reported his findings to the Harvard observatory he said “I have found Planet X.” When Pluto was discovered it was called “Planet X” until a new name was chosen. Recently NASA (and others) have been discussing the possibility of something variously nicknamed either “Planet X” or “Planet 9.” But that hypothetical body is unrelated to the original search for Planet X.
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  2222. That is the Man Who Would be King. Christopher Plummer as well. Great film!
    7
  2223. Not to my mind, really. Good, bad, or indifferent, history is history. The motto "history deserves to be remembered" refers to the channel focus on lesser known history that is or was at risk of being forgotten.
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  2224. A comprehensive story of Warspite is a multi-hour documentary.
    7
  2225. They are most commonly made from linen.
    7
  2226. george martin there are actually some abandoned Nike sites near me, and I hope to get an episode out on them soon.
    7
  2227. That is a Kanamit. It's a cook book!
    7
  2228. Yes, slightly more than half the B-29 losses were due to crashes rather than enemy fire. I would say that the issue was that it was rushed into production and, and thus faced significant "teething" issues, rather than say that it was not a great plane.
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  2229. Tanis did play a large role in the film.
    7
  2230. The current thinking is that John Avery was a pseudonym used by Henry Every.
    7
  2231. I’m sure there will be.
    7
  2232. LOL
    7
  2233. LOL. I suppose Yakov Smirnoff had to come into the discussion at some point.
    7
  2234. That is the controversy I mentioned in the introduction.
    7
  2235. Multiple sources, including the Texas State Archives, confirm that Ford was a commissioned officer in the Confederate States Army, and Colonel of the Second Texas Cavalry, which was a formation of the Confederate States Army.
    7
  2236. it is actually interesting- their poo can be used as fuel, and the average chicken will produce over its lifetime enough to run a 100 watt bulb for five hours. And dried chicken poo is used in a produce designed to remove pollution from water.
    7
  2237. The etymology is unclear, but the most accepted explanation is that is is derived from the sound of blowing wind. That is onomatopoetic.
    7
  2238. No, i have not made an episode on the Grand Sasso raid yet.
    7
  2239. I easily get lost in the history.
    7
  2240. How it became so is also an interesting story that we will likely tell some day.
    7
  2241. That is not quite the story. Interning was what neutral nations were supposed to do. The complaint was that they were attacking damaged allied aircraft that refused to immediately land. The claim that the allies deliberately bombed Switzerland as a response is, at least. contested, as the allies have never admitted as much. Rather, they claim the couple of bombing raids on Swiss cities were the result of navigational; accidents.
    7
  2242. That is a fair comment. I should not have implied that European cars are less safe, but, rather, that safety standards differ. The Smart Car, for example, was on sale in Europe for nine years before it came to the US because Daimler had to redesign the car, including making it longer, to meet US crash safety standards. For front crash testing, for example, Europe uses a deformable barrier and the US uses a fixed barrier. Those two operate from different principles, and that means that significant redesign may be necessary. There are some that argue that the automakers press some of these regulations to protect profit margins rather than actual passenger safety. I won't take a stand on that, as that is not my area of expertise. But it is true that there are differences in safety standards that do preclude some European models from coming to the US, even if for no other reason than that automakers don't believe they will market well in the US, and so don't want to put in the effort to do the testing needed to have them approved. There are other regulatory hurdles as well. Many of the high mileage European models are diesel, and the US tax system does not favor diesel fuel. it is a fact that some of the higher mileage European models are simply not sold in the US, and there are many reasons for that. But it is also true that the measures for fuel efficiency differ, and the same car model sold in the US will show a lower MPG than it would under European standards. Aside from electric cars, even high mileage European diesel models are not getting EPA ratings anywhere near 70 MPG.
    7
  2243. To be fair, in Latin America the locals very often overthrew elected leaders and replaced them with dictators, and elected leaders very often then became dictators. US adventurism in Latin America was usually disastrous (as Smedley Butler said, war is a racket.) But the good neighbor policy found little more in terms of success and stability. If there is a magic formula for successful policy in Latin America, we've yet to see it.
    7
  2244. I originally planned a section on Australian BBQ, but the script was running long. maybe another episode at some point.
    7
  2245. I love the style of artist Howard Chandler Christy on those WWI posters. "Christy girls" were more modern and stylish than the previous "Gibson girls," and his posters undoubtedly inspired many men to enlist.
    7
  2246. dj33036 .dj63010 also involving a DC-7.
    7
  2247. The Confederacy made some cannons out of bells during the Civil War. In fact, Company B of the 3rd Battalion of the NC Light Artillery was called the "Edenton Bell Battery" because the guns were made from metal from bells donated by the citizens of Edenton, N.C. Two of the guns, a six-pounder named “Edenton” that came from the 1767 Chowan County Courthouse bell and a twelve-pounder named "St Paul," after St. Paul’s Episcopal Church that donated their large bell to make the cannon tube, are on display facing the waterfront at 505 South Broad Street, Edenton, NC.
    7
  2248. She related her experience in a newspaper story in the 1990s.
    7
  2249. The larger bombers also offered more range, had more crew to do spotting, and were big enough to carry the sizable generator needed for the Leigh Light. Smaller planes were commonly used flying off of escort carriers.
    7
  2250. It was her fifty-eighth birthday. I am sorry I did not speak more clearly.
    7
  2251. Sort of. Both had lost all the “safing pins” So detonation was prevented by a single M772 Arm/Safe switch. In one case, the switch had stayed in the safe position, preventing the batteries from powering the reaction. In the second, the torque of the crash had apparently turned the switch to “arm,” but the weapon had disintegrated via contact with the earth before the circuit could complete. All in all, the conclusion by Sandia engineers that “the Mk 39 Mod 2 bomb did not possess adequate safety for the airborne alert role in the B-52." Seemed well-founded, if understated.
    7
  2252. I think we can set that up
    7
  2253. The last portrait of my Great Uncle, taken in the fall of 1914, has an olive branch symbolically stuck in the barrel of his rifle. They thought he would be home for Christmas. He never came home at all.
    7
  2254. morskojvolk correct. That is one of the flaws in the story. The original tellings occurred after the Norman conquest, and do not seem to accurately represent the period when she lived. Still, there were stark differences. For example, Leofric’s birth and death were clearly recorded. Godiva’s not so much.
    7
  2255. Paperbagman555 the population on Pitcairn actually fluctuates more by emigration than mortality. As the island became less isolated, some people wanted to see the wider world. Communities of former Islanders started in New Zealand, and more islanders moved to join them. That is what is represented in the population decline after the peak in 1936.
    7
  2256. Better With A Drone I have a few Coast Guard topics on my list- I’ll get there, I promise!
    7
  2257. UncleAbdul yes, the five foot gauge is now called the “Russian gauge.”
    7
  2258. Yes, Dean O'Banion was a character in Boardwalk Empire, portrayed by Arron Shiver
    7
  2259. We have done several aviation accidents and the episodes have been popular. Here we do what we do, that is tell a compelling story, while the ones showing a computer animation most often do not. Respectfully, the channel you linked tells no story at all, and doesn't even include narration. I understand why the channel is popular, but what they offer certainly doesn't preclude me telling the story.
    7
  2260. I know! Seriously the photos that offended are the type that have been in National Geographic since it began publishing in 1888.
    7
  2261. His name is Pocky.
    7
  2262. They are just animated logos
    7
  2263. Maybe I use the spectacles as part of my superhero secret identity.
    7
  2264. I do- he is not a fan
    7
  2265. If I had dropped one, I would have edited that out.
    7
  2266. The Enterprise D model was somewhat of an homage to the episode Cause and Effect, suggesting that poker was still going strong in the 24th century.
    7
  2267. The comparison is in terms of military strategy and the effect of their campaigns on a continent. I do think, however, that you may be being too harsh on Napoleon.
    7
  2268. Interesting discussion here about how homicide rates, methods, and targets compare between the Capone era and today: https://www.wbez.org/shows/curious-city/history-of-violence-chicago-during-the-capone-era-and-today/6bff3ad9-097a-42e8-ac23-bc90d83d5bdb
    7
  2269. Taffy Holden. Taffy Holden, the Accidental Lightning Pilot https://youtu.be/W4d7VKvG1z0
    7
  2270.  @kevinbarry71  the change in tactics had to do with technology changes, leading to the controversial “stand and fight” order. That is discussed in more detail in this episode: https://youtu.be/B-l6_TuSutI
    7
  2271. Lucius Avenus I also have cats, although they have never pooed in one of my hats. Pith helmets were actually used throughout the world. The New York National Guard helmet with the spike is based on the model 1880 sun helmet used by the US army. In fact, the very first episode of The History Guy, “The Utah Navy,” was inspired by a WWII US Navy Hat.
    7
  2272. Correct- the fuel system only fully sealed after the cells expanded after heating up.
    7
  2273. Pitcairn is not nearly as isolated- it is much closer to the islands of French Polynesia. https://youtu.be/eaQ4_h3gXAI
    7
  2274. Go For Broke! is now in the Public Domain. Great movie.
    7
  2275. Lots of stories there too.
    7
  2276. I was not. I respect their service very much.
    7
  2277. I think that the Rouge river plant was used to manufacture airplane motors and parts. But I don’t think that planes were assembled there. Ford built the Willow Run plant to build B-24s.
    7
  2278. In 1945 23 battleships were in service: Alabama, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Missouri, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin and Wyoming.
    7
  2279. https://studio.youtube.com/video/lgF3MRxpx2E/edit?utm_campaign=upgrade&utm_medium=redirect&utm_source=%2Fmy_videos
    7
  2280. Yes, the Civil War was about slavery- no other issue would have caused secession.
    7
  2281. Golly yes! A famous act at the battle of Pea Ridge. Great family history!
    7
  2282. LOL
    7
  2283. The metal was collected by force.
    7
  2284. The tornadoes at Tinker AFB- yes, good story.
    7
  2285. One of the most important reasons to remember history is to remember the bad things and the bad people, in hopes of finding a better future. We learn as much from villains as we do from heroes. We cannot bury our heads to the tragedies of the past.
    7
  2286. Well, the cliffs are much older. The water, however, came from melting glaciers. The one photo of the dry falls was from 1969 when the Corps of Engineers used a coffer dam to "dewater" the American falls.
    7
  2287. I did not talk about the WASP in this episode, as it was about manufacturing. This is about the WASP: https://youtu.be/TUkT6we1FTc
    7
  2288. Araeagle I talk really fast- it is a gift. :)
    7
  2289. Same to you!
    7
  2290. I might do an episode on Wounded Knee at some point.
    7
  2291. I started out wearing all sorts of ties, and viewers liked the bow ties. But, "dude," there is nothing wrong with bow ties- it is literally just in your head. There was no memo because you are imagining up a silly complaint - get over your dogmatic prejudice against the bow.
    7
  2292. I intend to keep making these episodes for the Patreon patrons, and assume that I will go through the entire history of US combat helmets.
    7
  2293. The original "Pom-Pom" was the QF-1 pounder, designed by Hiram Maxim and produced by Maxim-Nordenfelt. It was adopted by the United States as the 1-pounder Mark 6. That is the gun I showed, and the gun that was used in the battle. My use of the term is correct. Pom Poms were used extensively in the Second Boer war and the Great War, the term was used for both one-pounder (37 mm) and two-pounder (40 mm) guns. The top loading 40 mm anti-aircraft guns used by the US (and allies) during World War II were designed by the Swedish firm Bofors, and were usually called "Bofors Guns." They were designed to replace the 2-pounder Pom Pom.
    7
  2294. Yeah, not much for choices.
    7
  2295. I think we need at least a decade for historical perspective.
    7
  2296. They, essentially, got the other side of the world in the Treaty of Tordesilles.
    7
  2297. Charlie Angkor Galileo’s first microscopes were, essentially, inverted telescopes.
    7
  2298. Bullettube yes, the same HMS Hawke. De Vere Cole did come from the strata of society where he would be well connected.
    7
  2299. It became too much to try a history of these everywhere. The answer is mixed, and not always easy to research. Paris had a time similar to New York with a bounty on stray dogs. The Netherlands eliminated strays via sterilization. There are ASPCA organizations worldwide today.
    7
  2300. Not definitively. The two theories were faulty electrical wiring or a blocked chimney flue.
    7
  2301. It started in the Crimean war
    7
  2302. I am flattered by that comparison.
    7
  2303. Yes, that represented the whole series.
    7
  2304. We post the podcasts in addition to our regular videos. Podcasts are released every other Tuesday on regular podcast channels. We post them after about a month delay on YouTube because some of our audience have requested them.
    7
  2305. Thanks! https://youtu.be/W4d7VKvG1z0
    7
  2306. It is fair to talk about Jackie Stewart, and that may be a future episode. But the effect of the 1955 accident was certainly powerful, literally causing racing bans and major modifications in track design and thinking about the sport.
    7
  2307. I think it a stretch to call the oil embargo a provocation for war. Certainly Japanese diplomacy at the time was dishonest and duplicitous. Japan knew full well the advantages and consequences of the attack.
    7
  2308. Join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    7
  2309. LOL
    7
  2310. Yes, all combatants throughout the entire war. One megaton represents a million tons of TNT. Little Boy, dropped on Hiroshima, was the equivalent of 15 thousand tons of TNT. Thermonuclear devices are that much larger.
    7
  2311. I am sorry- I am not sure what you are asking….
    7
  2312. Wilson denying Roosevelt's plan to lead volunteers is an interesting story.
    7
  2313. Very possibly. I thought about mentioning it in this episode, but it clearly warrants its own episode.
    7
  2314. It does have that O.J. feel with the dream team and all.
    7
  2315. Doctor Picard nononono there are quite a few historical examples, but I agree, an untold number must have never been discovered.
    7
  2316. There was no rum in the glass that I would admit to. ;)
    7
  2317. I've never heard that before, I'll research it. Certainly there were Americans in Australia at Eureka Stockade. The New Zealand Land Wars are interesting, but a very broad campaign.
    7
  2318. We will likely do a separate episode on the history of refrigeration.
    7
  2319. Correct, and more than half of Robert’s men who were captured were acquitted as having been forced to act against their will.
    7
  2320. The legislation actually uses both terms. The Medal of Honor is, in fact, awarded "in the name of Congress."
    7
  2321.  @MahkyVmedia1  I am a historian. Ask me again around 2050.
    7
  2322. Some translate that more as the "poorly advised." But the nickname itself did not come until 150 years after his death, and is more a judgement on the quality of his performance than his reputation among his contemporaries.
    7
  2323. The story is that he had been presented a sabre in appreciation for some actions protecting settlers. Custer had derided him for accepting the sabre, and it was a sore point with him. When Custer ordered that the sabers be left behind, DeRudio kept his apparently just to spite Custer. DeRudio did write a letter after the battle and said he had the only sabre at the battle. But it apparently isn't actually true- though he was not attempting to lie and was likely unaware of any others. Reportedly another soldier had carried one in the baggage, as you mentioned, for killing snakes, and there are documented to have been at least a handful carried by the Lakota that had been captured in the Fetterman fight.
    7
  2324. There are multiple theories for the etymology. 1) as with waffle, the root is from the low German word that meant both honeycomb and “web.” The convoluted reasoning of waffling resembling a web. 2) children who were tasked with cooking waffles tended to chat with each other. 3) the term is derived from the Dutch word “waff,” the sound a dog makes (similar to “woof.”) 4) it is derived from the old English term “waff,” meaning worthless. 5) it is derived from an old English slang term meaning to wave, similar to “wobble.” Take your pick, etymologists can’t seem to agree.
    7
  2325. They were imported, largely from Nordic nations, Germany and Poland. Amsterdam's proximity to rivers, the Fluyt's bulk cargo capacity, and, as mentioned at around 12:20, the trade policy of the Dutch Republic made them favored customers and allowed them better rates for timber.
    7
  2326. Isn't the point of being allies that we don't quibble over credit? But I give the kudos to the men of the 17th/21st and the Derbyshire Yeomanry who faced down the fearsome 10th Panzer Division.
    7
  2327.  @FuzzyMarineVet  me too…
    7
  2328. The famous pictures of Ord Wingate feature the Wolseley style British pith helmet.
    7
  2329. Well, he doesn't wear hats. But, I promise you, he was demanding to be held...
    7
  2330. I am actually an Illinois resident, and, yeah, the political culture seems not to have changed all that much since the days of Umbrella Mike.
    7
  2331. Correct, war was not yet declared, but I think it acceptable to call December 7 the first day of the war. It was certainly an act of war.
    7
  2332. Jesse Owens maintained that the claims of snubs and threats to him by Hitler and the Germans at the 1936 Olympics were false.
    7
  2333. ian turpin and you still seem to misunderstand the war. It was a war fought between South Vietnam and North Vietnam, and was a bonafide war. The illegal invasion came not from the United States, but from North Vietnam. I understand that there are complex issues involved with the French and then US involvement in Southeast Asia. Per usual, I am not attempting a political stance, and certainly not attempting to pass judgement on anti-war protesters. I am advocating on behalf of history. The war predated US involvement, and continued after the US withdrew. Yes, it was an actual war in Vietnam, even is the US involvement was undeclared, and thus a “Police Action” for the United States. Even that claim is dubious given that the Gulf of Tonkin resolution was the equivalent of a declaration of war. By nearly any common understanding of the word, it was a war. And no, there is no fair description as a US invasion.
    7
  2334. The ticket does give you access to recorded versions of all the sessions for one year.
    7
  2335. Presumably that would result in the same problem caused by former islands.
    7
  2336. That is Strudel, and she is about 22 weeks.
    7
  2337.  @SeanHH1986  I didn’t expect this episode to get political.
    7
  2338. sharadowasdr I can see why you’d think so, given Prince Abdullah’s penchant for pranks. But Hergé indicated that Iraqi prince Faisal II was the inspiration for that character.
    7
  2339.  @Mtlmshr  you’re welcome! I am glad that you got there safely!
    7
  2340. A project is listed in production with no release date yet.
    7
  2341. It is a Zero Euro Souvenir Banknote commemorating the Kiel mutiny. https://www.kn-online.de/Kiel/Matrosenaufstand-Kieler-Null-Euro-Schein-neu-aufgelegt
    7
  2342. In the papers at the time it was spelled "Esquimo." I used the term used at the time, but used the Inuit in the acknowledgment at the end. While the preferred term is Inuit (actually the term Eskimo can also refer to Yupik and Aleut peoples in addition to Inuit) the word Eskimo is not universally considered to be a racial slur. The two hunters were fully members of the expedition and beloved by the men. Wererick, full name Frederick Thorlip Christiansen, was one of the first to die of starvation on April 5, 1884. His death was a surprise, and some attributed it to loneliness. He accompanied Lockwood and Brainard on the trip that reached the farthest north point, and so shares that record with them. Jens Edward was a skilled seal hunter, and so helped the party stave off starvation. On April 24, 1884 he fell through the ice while hunting and drowned. His body could not be recovered.
    7
  2343. Russ G that is part of the point. Females could inherit and own property in Anglo-Saxon Britain. That largely changed after the Norman conquest. The story as we know it represents post Hastings norms, but the event occurred in pre-Norman times.
    7
  2344. No, they have not.
    7
  2345. Indianapolis was a Portland Class cruiser, which was nearly identical to the New Orleans Class. In fact, Minneapolis had been laid down as a Portland Class, but converted to New Orleans Class during construction. The largest difference between the two was that Minneapolis had more armor protection over the magazine than Indianapolis.
    7
  2346. The US did not invade. Iceland, the US and the UK signed a tripartite treaty to allow the US occupation.
    7
  2347. I had difficulty getting any Public Domain image of a mad stone. They are not actually stones, but bezoars- calcified material found in the stomach of an animal . The image is a bezoar- but not one used as a mad stone. Mad stones varied in size, shape and color. ShelbyCountyToday.com described some stones used in Texas: “One mad stone was described as being small, flat, and of a dark gray color like slate. Another was irregular in shape, dark brown, and porous. One of the Georgetown stones was said to be about the size of a small hen egg with one end cut smooth away. Still another mad stone looked just like a chunk of common coal.”
    7
  2348. SpaceX uses Omelek island on Kwajalein Atoll
    7
  2349. I have not done the story of U-505 yet no, but may some day. Of course,like millions of others, I have been inside U-505.
    7
  2350. Told in this episode: https://youtu.be/J47_JM3ctcY?si=Hn3i28BrvvigpwTX
    7
  2351. LOL wow.
    7
  2352. We plan to continue releasing videos on our regular schedule in addition to the podcasts.
    7
  2353. She is a cuddler.
    7
  2354. LOL
    7
  2355. TheFaceless Men different Black Hand
    7
  2356. The POWs were paid. After the armistice of Cassibile they were no longer enemies.
    7
  2357. We have produced a huge amount of content for topics outside the US and Western hemisphere. There is lots of history to cover.
    7
  2358. Many historians disagree. It is not as universal as you claim. I choose to reman with B.C./A.D. because that is the actual history of how the convention was created. Dionysius Exiguus wasn’t trying to find some nonsensical “Common Era.”
    7
  2359. So you are anti-thesaurus?
    7
  2360. It was the TBF avenger. Bush was a pilot with VT-51 flying from USS San Jacinto. He went into “the drink” twice in 1944. On June 19, he made a forced water landing returning from a mission against Wake Island and was rescued by the Destroyer USS Clarence K Bronson. On September 2 he and his crew bailed out after the plane caught fire due to anti-aircraft fire over the island of Chi Chi Jima. Bush was rescued by USS Finback. He flew 58 missions with a squadron that took 50% pilot casualties, and received the Distinguished Flying Cross.
    7
  2361. Yes, they are very similar and there are only few PD images if the Cessna 120.
    7
  2362. Theirs is a good story, and yes.
    7
  2363. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    7
  2364. Jay Sturek thank you, but I would much rather not have made the error to begin with.
    7
  2365. What on earth are you talking about?
    7
  2366. Yes- he was chief of the US Liaison Office to the PRC at the time- the de facto Ambassador since the US didn’t have official diplomatic relations yet. He delivered the message personally.
    7
  2367.  @marypasco2213  I have not. I have reason to be concerned that YT might not let me monetize that topic.
    7
  2368. Whether he is included is entirely up to him…
    7
  2369. As with the other format, we seem to have an almost infinite supply of topics. We haven't decided yet how often we will be putting them out.
    7
  2370. I agree- the photos look awfully rugged. It must have been weird to perpetually live on the set of The Thing.
    7
  2371. I wonder if that was some sort of punishment...
    7
  2372. Steve Davison we are confirmed for Tankfest at Bovington in June.
    7
  2373. Wow!
    7
  2374. Being intersex, something of which he was likely never aware, doesn't change his role in history.
    7
  2375. Falling bullets that cause injury are on a ballistic path. Still, I wouldn't discharge any firearm into the air.
    7
  2376. While life beyond age 20 might be a better measure, life expectancy statistics in America are thin prior to around the mid nineteenth century. While I think the average is still meaningful- after all, Adams and Jefferson also had to live through infancy and war- in 1850 a person who lived through the age of 20 could only expect to live another roughly forty years. By any standard 90 and 83 were uncommon. Of the 56 who signed the declaration of independence, only 3 survived to see its jubilee year.
    7
  2377. Not really, in that the liberty ships were built in shipyards in a process not particularly similar to the Eagle boats. But Hounshell argues that Liberty ship manufacturing also did not revolutionize shipbuilding, but was a limited war exigence. The incredible mass production of liberty ships was a manufacturing marvel, but the ships actually had serious flaws.
    7
  2378. Big Blue in some ways it was- death from cirrhosis dropped significantly. But by 1926 even the “Drys” were accepting that “the noble experiment” had failed.
    7
  2379. Alexander's tomb was in Alexandria until it went missing.
    7
  2380. My reason for using BC and AD is because that represents the actual history of how the system was derived.
    7
  2381. Correct- the plot was not about Big Nose Kate. The movie was based on the book "Life of the Marlows" by William Rathmell, and was loosely based on actual brothers who might well be the subject of a future episode of the History Guy. But, reportedly, the name for the film was derived from Big Nose Kate.
    7
  2382. We did briefly mention the First Barbary War in our recent episode on hospital ships, but you are correct, we haven't told the whole story.
    7
  2383. Lew actually my very first episode was based on one of the hats in my collection. https://youtu.be/OhZQ7NU4Rsg
    7
  2384. It is a great service. And sponsorships pay the bills.
    7
  2385. Thank you for your service!
    7
  2386. An interesting game, professor. The only way to win is not to play.
    7
  2387. While the explanation that one man fell, and the other fell trying to save him, is the most likely scenario, the blimp was seen to leave the area of the oil slick under control, suggesting that whatever happened, happened later.
    7
  2388. It did not become the Republic of Ireland until the passage of The republic of Ireland Act of1948. During the war the state was called, simply, "Ireland," or "Éire." There was no distinction in the name from Northern Ireland, as the Constitution ratified in 1937 claimed jurisdiction over all of Ireland. To recognize the difference the state was commonly called South or Southern Ireland.
    7
  2389. That is a fair point, but also one that historians have not fully answered. The Ptolomy's had been in Egypt for 300 years, so she would not have been all Greek.
    7
  2390. Thank you for your service!
    7
  2391. Jacques Hickley fair point. Jan Smuts was an early supporter and submitted one of three competing plans.
    7
  2392. Stephen Hawking did have reservations about the risks of showing a potential adversary our location. There were quite a few controversies regarding the Pioneer plaque- it just would have been too far off topic to discuss them all in the episode.
    7
  2393. If the question is "when will this channel become a channel about modern politics rather then history" the answer is "after the bury me in the cold cold ground." My philosophy is to tell stories of history as accurately as I can, and let viewers make the connections to today.
    7
  2394. The cats would eat the birds.
    7
  2395. We appreciate your complaint, Our position is that, as with all history, familiarity with the past helps inform us for the present. If we did not understand the violence of organized crime, how would we respond to it? This is history.
    7
  2396. They still march every July in Toronto.
    7
  2397. Nez Castro-Rioja nope. Just a guy who loves history.
    7
  2398. Lol
    7
  2399. Only with the Purple Heart. While that is and honor, it sure feels like he should have gotten a combat bravery award as well.
    7
  2400. Fair point on the "turn left." The Indy 500 is a unique form of racing, But it was a Maserati, and not uniquely constructed for Indy car.
    7
  2401. I think more a young man seeking glory.
    7
  2402. There are many Ripper theories.
    7
  2403. That is a VMI garrison hat. If you are willing to part with the shako, I promise to take care of it and occasionally display it on set.
    7
  2404. @President of the Virgin Islands We have not yet, but it is certainly on our list.
    7
  2405. The Tuxy is Pocky, who couldn’t decide if he wanted up or down, and apparently wanted both at the same time. The Caliby is his sister Strudel. Both are very fascinated with me filming.
    7
  2406. The unsung heroes were the Gatling guns, whose fire might have spoiled the Spaniard's aim.
    7
  2407. Cromwell was said to have been given an “award of merit,” but many references say “not to be confused with the badge of military merit.” It isn’t clear what the other award might be.
    7
  2408. Just fine thanks.
    7
  2409. Twinkies are being produced again. Hostess does not recommend eating those ten year old Twinkies.
    7
  2410. Ron Lovitt lol
    7
  2411. I hear he never returned, and his fate is still unlearned.
    7
  2412. https://youtu.be/CCuYvd-ag68
    7
  2413. Still, Ford built over 8000 of them
    7
  2414. Most of the archipelago is now a reserve. It has a unique and diverse ecosystem.
    7
  2415. NYC got the nickname "Gotham" from Washington Irving, after a village in England that, by legend, was entirely populated by fools.
    7
  2416. That was Hitler's nephew, Willy Stuart-Houston.
    7
  2417. That is the biggest difference. By that point in the war the loss of a heavy cruiser that never made it back into action anyway or one more American submarine would not have altered the outcome. But men lived who might have died.
    7
  2418. I love my cat too.
    7
  2419. I take that as a high compliment.
    7
  2420. @Paul Simonson I have no idea why he went off here, but it was clearly not relevant to the episode and not in the spirit of civil discourse. I removed the comments.
    7
  2421. Walter Clark I do know the story, yes. He even had an American flag painted on his plane for the “kill.” I may do an episode one day.
    7
  2422. Yes- it was from 2019. I corrected the section where I had mispronounced "Elgin" and used better software to improve the resolution of the photos.
    7
  2423. It doesn’t seem at all unreasonable to me for a mission commander - it is a highly demanding job.
    7
  2424. That is an interesting question. In his trial he decided to defend himself, and the trail record has him referring to himself in the third person. But it isn't clear if that was common for him, or if he was simply used to, as a lawyer, referring to his client. There doesn't appear to be a clear record that he normally referred to himself in the third person.
    7
  2425. Agreed. If there was conspiracy, it likely would have been intended as assault.
    7
  2426. I do apologize if pronunciation is not as you expect. Many words are pronounced differently in English. I really do not try to mimic dialects, it sounds patronizing.
    7
  2427. That is a possibility.
    7
  2428. Lol yes. He was fine at first, but it took several takes. He was definitely over it.
    7
  2429. That was in 1801. https://youtu.be/oJy0ZM8z9pM?si=OV0pxj8bakM4-TBb
    7
  2430. There were a couple of changes. I had mistakenly said the previous accident was in Rock Arkansas when it was Rock Kansas. The largest change was a clearer description of the risk of a detonation, as viewers complained that I made it sound too likely.
    7
  2431. Yes, it is, with the famous surfer and Olympic medalist Duke Kahanamoku. "Earhart first arrived on Oahu in 1934 via Lurline, a luxurious ocean vessel that also carried her Lockheed Vega plane. On that trip, she met then-Honolulu Sheriff Duke Kahanamoku who taught her how to eat pineapple, and she delivered a broadcasted lecture to audiences at the University of Hawaii. She left from Wheeler Field and became the first to fly solo from Hawaii to North America—a stone plaque still commemorates that achievement at Diamond Head State Monument."
    7
  2432. He was actually shoveling coal in the bowels of the ship- where temperatures could easily be above 100 degrees Fahrenheit.
    7
  2433. The way that European monarchies evolved themselves was via the reforms of the enlightenment that la Reforma represented. It is unreasonable to argue that the side opposed to such reforms would have evolved into them. A central position of the conservatives was that only Catholics would be allowed citizenship. That is exactly the thinking that drove the seventeenth century European wars of religion, and backlash to that thinking had driven the enlightenment. Yes, it was an antiquated idea already by the time of the Reform War. I am not trying to take sides in the Reform War, but the liberals were demonstrably seeking a more modern form of government that far more represents Mexico, and the modern world, today. The fact that conservatives backed the installation of a European monarch in the War of the French Intervention discredited them with the people and allowed the implementation of the laws of the Reform embodied in the 1857 Constitution. the irony was, as one Historian at the Jesuit-run Iberoamerican University notes “A church that supported independence, then invited an empire to invade Mexico.” Again, you oddly fault Juarez for accepting American support in the reform war, but ignore that his opponents encouraged literally a European invasion and domination of Mexico. Diaz is certainly an interesting person, and he took a less radical view of the church than Juarez and Lerdo, he maintained the Constitutional separations. It is not accurate to describe him as a conservative as they were during the reform war. In fact, he was most of all a pragmatist. But it is strange that you seem to fault Juarez for his affiliation with he US and ignore the fact that the way that Diaz "modernized" the country was to sell most of its economy to the United States, which had almost exclusive control of Mexican mines, railroads and oil and held a significant amount of the land under Diaz. I am still not sure where you are going with your argument, but regardless of your preference for what might have been, the liberals did win the War of the Reform, the War of The French Intervention, The Mexican Revolution, and the Cristero War. The Constitutions of 1857 and 1917 represented liberal positions.
    7
  2434. Donald Wright I certainly do not mean to be Union-centric. There are quite a few more Civil War stories to tell.
    7
  2435. John Doe if you look especially at photos of him in his twenties he looks very like his father.
    7
  2436. My understanding is that he was not a member of the original expedition, but was later employed with Jim Bridger at the Rocky Mountain Fur Company.
    7
  2437. Yes, and that is mentioned in the conclusion.
    7
  2438. Of the seven members of the Coast Guard who were killed in action in Vietnam, five were killed by enemy action, four of whom were killed by small arms fire and one when his MH-53 rescue helicopter was struck by ground fire. Only the two members of the Point Welcome crew were killed by friendly fire.
    7
  2439. Support the foundation and help save USS Texas: https://battleshiptexas.org/donate
    7
  2440. mkbelmonte you are absolutely correct, my mistake. Thanks for the correction!
    7
  2441. Alexander Thomas I agree- the appeal process seems to depend upon whose desk it lands rather than any objective standard. YouTube owes creators clear rules consistently applied.
    7
  2442. They are actually gemstone globes. I wish they showed better because they are really cool.
    7
  2443. Actually, Ferdinand Magellan died on land. https://youtu.be/suqtVwh8O7c
    7
  2444. I think that Webster was more the driver than Fillmore.
    7
  2445. So did I.
    7
  2446. Berry Tharp part of it had to do with the war. The destruction of the Civil Way had hardened the military, and scorched earth proved the most effective tactic. Still, it was not a one sided issue. The Native American was capable of stunning cruelty.
    7
  2447. Great story!
    7
  2448. “We Dive at Dawn,” (1943)
    7
  2449. Maybe someday.
    7
  2450. Fort Griswold is its own story.
    7
  2451. They are apparently lost.
    7
  2452. Today we have a better understanding of how to produce lumber and still preserve forests, and there were tragedies. For example, the stumps were often cut apart for roofing shingles, which we now understand prevented the trees from preproducing via regeneration. The process was complex, and much of the cutting was actually illegal. It is certainly a reason to lament that, had we had the understanding of redwood ecology we do today, we could have produced the lumber in a way that better preserved the old growth redwoods. In the nineteenth century the natural abundance of the continent seemed so boundless that there was little understanding that any resource could be logged or exploited to extinction.
    7
  2453. They literally built another ship from the shattered remnants of the first, while, essentially, slowly starving and freezing. It was an extraordinary feat indeed.
    7
  2454. I make no political statement, and suggest you not look to manufacture one.
    7
  2455. Admiral King was, clearly, resistant to change and to external influence. But, to be fair, the US was sorely lacking in the needed resources.
    7
  2456. Depends what you mean by "working." It has sounds and lights, but, to my knowledge, does not manipulate time and relative dimension in space.
    7
  2457. I don’t control the ads- those are by Google. But what skin off your or my nose is a politician runs an ad? I get paid, and you don’t have to give a dime.
    7
  2458. Mike Brown Wilson was most certainly a racist and an opponent of integration in the military. But the fault was not his alone. There were powerful racists in congress, and they undoubtedly represented the attitudes of a significant segment of the population. And the Army was segregated before Wilson, and did not desegregate until 1948.
    6
  2459. I have to earn a living.
    6
  2460. Well, I live here.
    6
  2461. Almost all of them returned to Germany between 1951-1957.
    6
  2462. Yes, this is an updated and expanded version of a “History Guy Short” from 2019.
    6
  2463. Mister Gray I am sorry, I have not done an episode on HMS Haida.
    6
  2464. https://youtu.be/EidzEh6SMBs
    6
  2465. Glad you enjoy it!
    6
  2466. There are many who regret the decision to not do a second Saturn V run.
    6
  2467. Jeff Ticen hadn’t thought of it, but I might. Thank you!
    6
  2468. Yes, my point is that the increased value of this particular guitar has exceeded that of inflation.
    6
  2469. That was my mistake, Thank you!
    6
  2470. Presumably it was diluted and a small amount. But, in reality, sulfuric acid poisoning is rarely fatal.
    6
  2471. They don't make 'em like they used to...
    6
  2472. Respectfully, the overwhelming conclusion is that no incompetent crew could possibly have simply blundered their way to where the submarine ended up. It is a location that required sophisticated navigation. It is also simply not credible to believe that the Soviets would send out a crew so utterly incompetent that they could have legitimately thought they were off of Poland. And it is additionally incredible to imagine that a “lost” submarine would just happen to blunder into Sweden’s most restricted waters at the time of naval maneuvers. And it would be shocking if the Soviet navy turned out to be so incompetent that they would continually blunder back into that same restricted space for decades. And why, then, would the incidents stop after the dissolution of the USSR. I make no judgement on what was “intentionally perpetrated.” Nor do I claim that all the “Swedish submarine incidents” were Soviet submarines. But the claim that S-363 arrived there by navigational error is flatly ridiculous.
    6
  2473. Mary Ann > Ginger
    6
  2474. Giovanni Salvatore Craxi was as intent on preventing escalation as the US, and certainly did not want a confrontation. If the issue was the US act of “piracy,” why did he try the men so kidnapped? If he was standing up to the US regardless of consequences, why did he not charge any Americans in the matter? Like the US and Egypt, Craxi had conflicting motives. He stood up where he could have simply given in to American demands, but backed down in places he could have pressed. His was as much a representation of the complexity and contradictions of foreign policy as anyone else.
    6
  2475. Lol. Not intentional. Yes, bows.
    6
  2476. Thanks for noticing.
    6
  2477. Glad to be of service.
    6
  2478.  @ADude-f3z  that is a photo of the Tonopah Mizpah mine in Tonopah, NV.
    6
  2479. Even if I could, why would I pass up advertising dollars? But I always suggest YouTube premium. It is a fair cost that avoids the ads. It is better for creators as well.
    6
  2480. Dave Sisson good point. Was trying to display the badge.
    6
  2481. I don't want to belabor a discussion- there is certainly a cultural difference and I do not wish to judge. But, in America's defense, I would opine that Europeans don't seem to really get free speech. Speech that is not controversial does not need protection. It is not that we do not have any restrictions on speech, but they are certainly fewer. I dispute your claim about the National Socialists. I think that their rise to power was at least as much about their violent suppression of speech with which they disagreed than it was about their own speech. Hitler locked those who spoke against him in camps. The past has taught us in the US that the best way to combat ideas is not to suppress them, but to offer better ideas. Yes, the web is an interesting place, and i certainly get comments that I find offensive for a number of reasons. On YouTube, I get to control the discussion and can remove those comments. But I very much fear government making that decisions for us all. Again, I mean no judgement or disrespect to your opinion on the subject.
    6
  2482. Reelfoot lake is, itself, evidence of the earthquake.
    6
  2483. Which I discuss in the conclusion, and which also impacted US law.
    6
  2484. Mike D. The Ward was crewed by naval reservists from Minnesota.
    6
  2485. Neat town, well worth a visit. It is worth your time to get a local tour, and visit the Waterman's museum . I highly recommend the YorkTown Pub and Mobjack Bay Coffee Roasters and Petite Cafe. (They didn't pay me for endorsement, they just treated us very well. )
    6
  2486. Dean Stuart Mormon history is its own field of study. I may get to some on this channel.
    6
  2487. Yes, Long Cecil’s maximum effective range was 8000 yards, or about four and a half miles. Long Tom’s maximum range was in excess of six miles.
    6
  2488. They were occupying in the vacuum left in the collapse of the Mughal empire. How as their occupation more corrupt than that of the Mughals? India has a long history of conquest and subjugation. It is hard to see the British as all that unique among them.
    6
  2489. Akshay Tripathi to be fair, most of India and the Princely states opposed the rebellion and actively fought the mutineers. That seemed to be the Rani's disposition until the company forced her hand. In fact, she had to defend Jhansi twice from mutineers. One of the reasons the story of Lakshmibai is so compelling was because she was clearly pushed into her position, thus freeing her from some of the moral ambiguity of a conflict marked by atrocities on both sides. I don't seek to take a side in that debate. But I respect your opinion.
    6
  2490. There are many legends surrounding Lapu Lapu. Rarely do you see a figure so important to a culture. It is sad there is so little written record, but that does not make him less a hero.
    6
  2491. That is Strudel. She is about 24 weeks, and not always mellow, but was in a cuddling mood. Whether one of the history cats makes it into a video is entirely up to the cat.
    6
  2492. In my experience most midwestern homes have basements.
    6
  2493. digiprez77 https://youtu.be/Isq1-htLiEk
    6
  2494. We visited in August. She is well stabilized, the need for pumping is dramatically reduced, the guns are well along restoration (there were some photos in this episode,) and now the dry dock plan is formalized. She is getting much needed TLC.
    6
  2495. Tunguska is certainly interesting, and I may do an episode on it in the future.
    6
  2496. Two things have held me back- first, the battle is relatively well known and relatively well covered by other channels on YT, and second, the story of Taffy 3 is larger than our short format. I think we'll find the unique spin that we are looking for at some point . I do agree that it is both an interesting battle and a compelling story of courage in the face of overwhelming odds.
    6
  2497. Well, most obvious are Carrington and Hodgeson's independent observations of the event published in the Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society vol. 19-20 (1858-1860). There is a link here: https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=njp.32101081655332&view=1up&seq=358 Will that be cash or check?
    6
  2498. I can't speak for the role of God, but most of the suspects met violent ends.
    6
  2499. I have no idea why anyone finds it "creepy," but since June I have two new kittens, and they find the filming fascinating. Sometimes they are begging to be held, other times I am just trying to stop them making noise.
    6
  2500.  @Truth_Hurts528  please look at the video description, where I simply describe them as heroes. I generally avoid current politics. I do not reserve videos that happen to feature Black people for February. But I see nothing untoward in posting this compilation of videos In February. You certainly seem to be injecting a lot of political motivation into what is, simply, history.
    6
  2501. Reckless was a staff sergeant, and so outranked Stubby. Of course, they were in different branches in different wars.
    6
  2502. I didn’t see that in the research. Good to know.
    6
  2503. Thank you!
    6
  2504. Awesome- we've loved it so far.
    6
  2505. The claim that a firefighter shut off the fuel came from the Bismarck Tribune. They report "The fire had been burning for an hour and a half, when an air base civilian firefighter came from his home off base. He volunteered to enter the burning plane. He shut off the fuel supply and the fire went out." Again, with no official details from the Air Force, those local news reports are the best I had to work with. You would know better than I whether such an event occurred. I am truly sorry that your role was not acknowledged. You were doing your duty, at the risk of your own life. That is the very definition of heroism.
    6
  2506. Sandy Lomeli There were many- the Waves, the Wacs, the WASPS. The US did not have female combat units, but women saw distinguished service nonetheless. These amazing heroines are a good example: https://youtu.be/TZD59vApUWc
    6
  2507. For seven years.
    6
  2508. I am not familiar with that channel. No, there was no coordination
    6
  2509. True, but given that his race offered specific obstacles, and made him relatively unique among his peers makes it worth mentioning.
    6
  2510. The problem is that there was far less record of economic statistics, but you may find this interesting: https://www.stlouisfed.org/~/media/files/pdfs/community-development/research-reports/pandemic_flu_report.pdf
    6
  2511. I am at a loss for how you manage to divine some pro-China message here, I certainly meant no historical judgement. But, the fact is, they won this war. History is still history.
    6
  2512. Thank you!
    6
  2513. Lol- I wondered if anyone would catch that.
    6
  2514. WindedDragonn I honestly don’t know. It is a Japanese submarine training film. I am not sure if it is some medical thing, or some ritual thing. It is comically like the “drinking problem” in the movie Airplane!
    6
  2515. Yes, there are many who believe so.
    6
  2516. The terminology used was always political. Lincoln first used the term "insurrection," but later preferred the term "rebellion," which had a more negative connotation at the time. While there was no single term used in the Confederacy, there the term "war between the states" was more popular. In fact, the term "Civil War" didn't become particularly popular or generally accepted as the term to describe the conflict until the twentieth century. Insurrection means a violent uprising against authority, and certainly that seems a fair description. Lincoln abandoned the term "insurrection" largely because international law at the time suggested that insurrection could sometimes be justified, but rebellion could not. It is generally subjective whether any of the violent disturbances in US history are "insurrections" or "rebellions" or "riots." Still, the New York City draft riots are generally recognized to be the largest example of civil unrest in the United States but for the Civil War.
    6
  2517. Yes, USS Texas is a super dreadnought. But the super dreadnoughts were still dreadnoughts. Respectfully the parsing of the term is unnecessary. All the WWII battleships had dreadnought characteristics. It is not a discreet term based on main gun bore width. It is actually a historical reference to a period of shipbuilding. Texas is the last surviving ship with dreadnought characteristics built in the time of dreadnoughts. As to our use of the term in reference to USS Texas, merely Google “the last dreadnought” and see what comes up.
    6
  2518. I have several newspaper stories- most based on a UPI report. I did not see a mention of the wind stopping, but some were more complete than others.
    6
  2519. They are different forms of a disease both caused by the same bacterium, Yersinia pestis. Most scholars agree that the outbreak in Europe in the 1340s was a combined outbreak. The BBC describes it this way: "The first outbreak of plague swept across England in 1348-49. It seems to have traveled across the south in bubonic form during the summer months of 1348, before mutating into the even more frightening pneumonic form with the onset of winter. "
    6
  2520. Some might use "fella"...
    6
  2521.  @captainjoshuagleiberman2778  actually, the opposite. The original warrant allowed for the award to be rescinded. In 1920 George V wrote a letter: “The King feels so strongly that, no matter the crime committed by anyone on whom the VC has been conferred, the decoration should not be forfeited. Even were a VC to be sentenced to be hanged for murder, he should be allowed to wear his VC on the scaffold.” That is the rule that leefreeston3900 was apparently referring to. The eight medals rescinded occurred between 1856 and 1908. However, the rule is at the Monarch’s discretion, and it is still possible that the King could allow an award to be rescinded.
    6
  2522. Agreed- it is hyperbolized to sell books. But there are many legitimate mysteries- Flight 19 and the Martin mariner, USS Cyclops and Proetus, Star Tiger and Star Ariel, and numerous smaller craft, missing without explanation. You don't need a mysterious triangle to note that craft that simply disappear without a trace represent a mystery, and deserve to be remembered.
    6
  2523. The origin of the term is not known, but it may actually not have been derived from mustard. Some suggest it was derived from the military term to "pass muster."
    6
  2524. Those are templates that I drop a logo in- so I actually can't control much. This one is a different template than the other chess one we used before.
    6
  2525.  @markloveless1001  I took no offense- you presented the argument without being insulting. But I do thank you for your Patronage.
    6
  2526. The Life and Times of Aaron Burr, Hamilton's Nemesis https://youtu.be/8E23AbYtYFE
    6
  2527. Lt Hall operated the Gig from the USS Wilson, and put himself in harms way to rescue survivors and provide suppressing fire to cover the helicopters. There is a photo of he and the crew of the gig rescuing marines at 13:27. I did not mean to slight his participation.
    6
  2528. Thank you!
    6
  2529. Yes, the same.
    6
  2530. Most of the photos are from the Florida State Archive. https://www.floridamemory.com/discover/photographs/
    6
  2531. Greg Devlin what an amazing story!
    6
  2532. I'd like to visit as well. Maybe I'll see you there!
    6
  2533.  @corb765  https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGibUtzcMLD-RhxCcE5xURFq
    6
  2534. Lol true. A 250 foot yacht isn’t even notable today.
    6
  2535. It is an 88, yes, but not a real shell. It is a blow-up purchased from the gift shop at The Tank Museum.
    6
  2536. I wondered that too- did they debase the currency? But I couldn’t find any record of it.
    6
  2537. Fair point- as a Tolkien fan myself, that was entirely my mistake.
    6
  2538. Actually, not in this period- it would be hard to compare the 1867 plan to the High Seas Fleet. The naval arms race to come would be spurred by the work of Alfred Thayer Mahan and the launch of HMS Dreadnaught.
    6
  2539. Battleships.
    6
  2540. lastfight5 yes, they were the 588th until they were reorganized as a Guards regiment in 1943.
    6
  2541. Their location is unknown.
    6
  2542. Sorry- but that story is now largely discounted based on the revenue records of the time.
    6
  2543. Arabica is often considered to have superior taste- being smoother and less bitter than Robusta. But Robusta does have more caffeine...
    6
  2544. Talked about that in this episode: https://youtu.be/hZpJJYbf1ms
    6
  2545. You are not required to listen.
    6
  2546. The swordfish was not obsolete. Its design was contemporary with the Spitfire. While the story is interesting, the sinking of Bismarck is relatively well known. I don't know if we'll cover it on this channel or not.
    6
  2547. I suspect you mean the “year without a summer” following the Mount Tambura eruption in 1816. The winter of 1835/36 was severe- including the worst freeze on record in Florida. There might have been some connection to the January 30, 1835 eruption of Mount Cosigüina in Nicaragua, which is thought to have produced a global decrease in temperature.
    6
  2548. Lol- possibly so
    6
  2549. Women of the indigenous peoples of Central Africa often do not wear a covering for their breasts. The objection was "nudity."
    6
  2550. Those throwed rolls are awesome!
    6
  2551. Forgetting our thugs only makes it easier for others to rise.
    6
  2552. I am not sure what you mean- Kemper Arena is in Kansas City. Kemper College was in the part of St Louis now called "The Hill."
    6
  2553. Qwiet Ryott not really. There can be danger because of the pressure of the tank, and you can become hypoxic if you don’t breath in between. But helium itself is not toxic and non reactive. Bottom line, doctors say that breathing helium out of a balloon and talking funny presents no health risk.
    6
  2554. Many times. The rivalry is tongue in cheek. But, seriously, what does No Dak have that can compare to the corn palace? ;)
    6
  2555. susan lynch I don’t think anyone does. I wonder, in a thousand years, will linguists take the Gershwin rhyme as evidence of a vowel shift.
    6
  2556. To be fair, it was not terribly different than what the Inca were doing to their neighbors. I am not taking sides or justifying the evils of colonialism. But the story of the Inca and the Spanish is partly a story of how similar empires are around the world.
    6
  2557. What a strange world in which we do live.
    6
  2558. I disagree. Copying the Chinese was an innovative and radical idea for the USMC.
    6
  2559. Dressage: https://www.olympic.org/equestrian-dressage
    6
  2560. I suspect that Woodworth was just modeling after regular military uniforms of the day. They would be honor blades, not actual weapons. But I agree, it seems oddly out of place. As the corps has its own awards that, essentially, represent deployments, a Surgeon General will receive awards over their tenure. Given the mission of the corps, they may receive these awards more often than regular branches, especially in peace time. For example, in 2015 President Obama recognized the PHS with a Presidential Unit Citation for their work combating Ebola in Africa. As with other members of the Corps, the then Surgeon General Dr. Vivek Murthy was entitled to that award. In terms of ribbons of the Surgeon general, the current surgeon general, Dr. Jerome M Adams, wears two decorations, the Public Health Service Regular Corps Ribbon, which merely denotes that he is a member of the PHSCC, and the Commissioned Corps Training Ribbon, which means that he has completed Officer Training School. There is an additional badge that represents the Surgeon General. But Sylvia Trent-Adams, who was only the second Surgeon general not to be a medical doctor, was the acting surgeon general in between Murthy and Adams. As she had been in the corps for more than fifteen years, she had qualified for a number of awards in her career. Surgeons General are also entitled to wear awards earned in other branches, including civilian awards for agencies like the federal bureau of prisons. So some Surgeons General have a fuller rack than you might expect.
    6
  2561. I was quoting a newspaper on that line, but I doubt the distinction was seen as relevant in 1935.
    6
  2562. LOL we'll look into adding wine to our Merch...
    6
  2563. More or less. The events were more complex than described here, but the interests involved were largely foreign commercial interests. They provided the bulk of the kingdom's taxes at the time, and largely controlled the politics.
    6
  2564. I would pronounce both the words you spelled the same way.
    6
  2565. Tony Grant there were both Tiger Is and Tiger IIs were deployed during the Battle of the bulge. sPztAbt 301 was equipped with Tiger Is. As the fight occurred between the boundaries of the German Fifth and Sixth panzer armies, that might have been the tank’s unit. It is not really clear what model the tank was, as there is no known photograph and action reports could be unreliable. The report simply said “Tiger tank.” In this case, though, the difference is minor. Both the Tiger I and the Tiger II have 80mm rear armor. As almost any german tank could have been identified as a “Tiger tank” in an action report, it could also have been a PzIV or a Panther. But defeating any medium or heavy combat tank would still be an amazing feat for an M8.
    6
  2566. I think that an interesting part of Omar's story is the complex depiction of attitudes towards slavery. His own culture not only enslaved people, but, but some accounts, his own father owned many slaves. The objection seemed to only be enslaving people of the same faith, a restriction not shared by people outside that faith. His narrative also demonstrates that enslavement in America was not a single experience. The preservation of his account is a record of a time that was far more complex than it is often described, and that might have been forgotten were it not for the coincidence that his unique circumstance allowed it to be preserved.
    6
  2567. The Alton Museum of History and Art is a fantastic little museum run by passionate historians. Well worth your visit.
    6
  2568. Photos of actual events are not always available.
    6
  2569. Yes, pun intended.
    6
  2570. While the note was with regards to the crews being fired upon, and that was originally misunderstood, Nelson was playing a coy game of diplomacy. The demand was to cease hostilities, and the threat was bombarding the city. The threat, as the bomb ships were being brought forward, was obvious.
    6
  2571. The wreck is entirely within the territorial waters of Ontario. https://www.shipwreckworld.com/maps/ss-edmund-fitzgerald
    6
  2572. He inly lived to see one of those…
    6
  2573. morskojvolk or John Turturro.
    6
  2574. We usually post videos Monday Wednesday and Friday and drop a podcast every other Tuesday.
    6
  2575. Most of them were the law enforcement.
    6
  2576. Thank you for your service!
    6
  2577. Oh my giant blue head!
    6
  2578.  @J.A.Smith2397  I understand. But many have not seen much of the catalogue. I usually post them when I am traveling.
    6
  2579. How were we not completely clear that this was a podcast from the get go? We post videos usually three times a week. The Podcast is posted in addition, and if you do not like the format simply don't listen. Yes, in order to do our work, we have to get paid. Our support for Magellan TV is not, by any standard, a "diatribe." Your comment, on the other hand, is.
    6
  2580. I don't know. I got the picture on Ebay. it is clearly a page torn from a photo album, but nothing is written on it.
    6
  2581. There is a pretty stark difference between Detroit and Windsor.
    6
  2582.  @justme_gb  current spelling is Kuala Batee. While it was spelled differently in newspapers I did stick with the one on the map I was using.
    6
  2583. Zenodotus Of Athens what “Chinese wall?” We are getting long threads of just partisan insulting that I see occurring in hundreds of places on the web each day. No one is being silenced, you have literally millions of choices to go scream at each about your opinions of Donald Trump. These is seriously no need to make this history channel yet another place to repeat the same vitriol we hear everywhere else. Of course we can’t and shouldn’t divorce history from the present. But we can choose to not bring up politics at Thanksgiving dinner as well. You do not have to have that discussion here.
    6
  2584. I haven't taught in a couple of decades. I worked in the corporate world, got eliminated in a re-org, and decided to do this rather than go back because it is more fun. My story really is that I am a guy who has always loved history finally getting to tell stories that I love to tell.
    6
  2585. Correct.
    6
  2586. Mardis Gras vest courtesy a viewer.
    6
  2587. I think she’d have kicked them out for trying to take advantage of her.
    6
  2588. We don't control the ads- that is Google ads. But, honestly, election season is good to YouTubers.
    6
  2589. The MOONER historically accurate is relative. I would say Glory, Gettysburg, A Bridge Too Far, Zulu Dawn, Das Boot, Midway, Tora Tora Tora, and Unbroken are all reasonably accurate and fine films. I think it is hard to beat Band of Brothers.
    6
  2590. I am not sure what you mean. The burning of Washington occurred in 1814, but there was no second event.
    6
  2591. Awesome!
    6
  2592. Yes, that is how it happened.
    6
  2593. Maybe- his story is not quite forgotten, but I suspect few knew that he came to Europe through Operation Dragoon rather than Operation Overlord.
    6
  2594. Monk's mound is a good example. I may do more episodes, although the mound-builders are more properly classified as prehistory,
    6
  2595. Yup. https://youtu.be/C4wi7ebOIWs
    6
  2596.  @born2bwildne744  wow- that is the city museum, and was a museum already when I was in high school. Like pretty much everyone from Hot Springs, I worked at Evans Plunge.
    6
  2597.  @panchohalo2158  History of food https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGh1AXjLrFFbhOQmfI34hA9g
    6
  2598. One modern author suggested it must have been an inspiration for Hogwarts (I haven't seen any evidence of such.) It was commonly compared to a fairy tale castle.
    6
  2599. While I disagree with the decision by the review team, I don't think that it is a violation of my principles to produce the content in a way that is approved. It is the same script, with a different selection of photos that, essentially, excluded women, as that is what seems to have offended the censors. The history is unchanged, if slightly diminished in the inability to portray indigenous women of Central Africa in traditional dress.
    6
  2600. LOL. It was an unexpected conversation. My goal was not virtue signalling, but to point out that "savages" is a relative term, and that both sides probably thought that of the other.
    6
  2601.  @wholeNwon  “gender designation?” It was 1872. But gender designations are part of the English language. I disagree with the claim that “representative” is more precise than congressman. He was, in fact, a member of congress.
    6
  2602. Yup- Spahn Movie Ranch is also in the Santa Susana Mountains.
    6
  2603. The channel includes a great many episodes about events outside the United States. A sampling linked below. Respectfully, instead of judging others for their history, if you think that the history of wherever you come from is forgotten, then produce your own videos. To be blunt, the only one here making judgments about another nation is you. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjBkKxlvYsfPsJzgIOUarKV https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjdbiao9U9ZgbDlR-1L8uw_ https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjy_BjpJeShaLV7rLrAiFnr https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGgbhLSViXZ9_hA2U2YlcFAa https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjSbO1gPNqwPSnDOhH_CDYh
    6
  2604. I just landed at ORD
    6
  2605.  @bluekitty3731  yes it is.
    6
  2606. And a sad piece of history at that. Good idea, I'll add that to the list.
    6
  2607. The Western campaign of the U.S. Civil War and James Burklow https://youtu.be/-b2GK3HekGI
    6
  2608. Tornado! The 1974 Super-Outbreak https://youtu.be/WZiVdGvhzVo
    6
  2609. And in 1945 the US Navy had 72 cruisers of all types in service.
    6
  2610. I do all the editing myself. We have a handful of writers, and the author of any episode is in the description. This one was authored by my son. This is a playlist of episodes he has authored: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGgsRB5YBDYNnEt34vpr_B9w
    6
  2611. Eerie actually got somewhat violent about gauge- someday i may do an episode on the Eerie gauge war. The South did not manage railroads nearly as well as the North. it is hard to blame the gauge. Wider gauges offer a number of advantages, but the larger right-of-way alone would have been an obstacle in the US.
    6
  2612. Mustard gas is actually unrelated to actual mustard.
    6
  2613. Actually, it turned out just the opposite, as shorter men had a slightly higher mortality rate in the British army. The proposed explanation is that they became less accustomed to ducking. The issue, during the war, was called "duck's disease."
    6
  2614.  @veramae4098  the indigenous people participated little in the Second Anglo Boer war, although some were employed as trackers or fir labor. Many were presumably further displaced, although much of that had already occurred in numerous previous conflicts. Those are stories for another day.
    6
  2615. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGiOiy5iEknofAHybnRdaHTW
    6
  2616. LOL an obscure reference indeed.
    6
  2617.  @markhaneklau5021  so your position is that he was obligated to try to get a painting of a lynching on the cover of the Saturday Evening Post? What exactly were his options? Rockwell did not portray racism. Not every artist must focus on societal woes. There are hopeful messages in the American experience. I don’t run from historical criticism of the US, but I also don’t pretend away Rockwell’s America, which is also history. You are not just judging him by anachronistic standards, you are, essentially, arguing that every artist is compelled to address the same issues and truths. I disagree. You can enjoy artists like Norman Rockwell and still be outraged at lynching. And, respectfully, if you wish to make the point you seem to want to make, you might consider avoiding derisive terms like “white bread America.”
    6
  2618. He is greatly missed. A favorite author.
    6
  2619. Yes, but as it is now, it is considered to be Canadian history.
    6
  2620. I searched. He apparently at least avoided the public record.
    6
  2621. Eric Taylor they are another tribe of the Andamamese. The remaining tribes all face various obstacles.
    6
  2622. Richard Petek LOL I have certainly heard opposing opinions on that as well.
    6
  2623.  @gavindy_Sv2  that is an odd parsing. Of course YouTube is social media. It is no logical fallacy to note that animals are common on YT channels of all kinds. Sometimes I film with cats, sometimes without. That is up to the cat.That is how cats work. Personally, someone liking cats makes a great first impression on me. Samuel Clemens shared that opinion. I certainly don’t make my channel based on what others do. I do have my own brand. To the extent that I watch other history YT channels, whether they have a cat is not generally what concerns me. And, again, it is just a cat. I don’t get what the big deal is. The cat isn’t doing the talking.
    6
  2624. The ship was sunk by a bomb two and a half months after the torpedo incident. Torpedoes in their davits in May don’t prove anything regarding an event that was witnessed and recorded the previous March.
    6
  2625. I might tell some of those stories, yes. Unfortunately, many lives were lost, and families never got the full story.
    6
  2626. Yes, the “Bonnie Blur Flag” was sometimes used by Florida during the Civil War.
    6
  2627. That is an astute observation. That was actually an innovation of the Model T. America had mandated that vehicles travel on the right in 1792, but the driver (then of wagons and buggies) was assumed to be on the right. Ford moved the wheel to the left because it made it easier for the driver to merge into traffic. Prior to 1908 virtually all American cars had right-hand drive. Even after the Model T, left-hand drive was not standardized. Pierce-Arrow continued to make right-hand drive cars into the 1920s.
    6
  2628. I am sorry you are having difficulties with the code. I sent them a note asking if they could give me a contact to troubleshoot issues. Send me an email at thehistoryguyYT@gmail and I can forward their response directly.
    6
  2629.  @Erin-Thor  I asked the sponsor and they gave us a new link that should work. Please use the link http://bit.ly/2F3ihHf and the code PLAYLANGLEY2019. Please let me know if that solves the problem.
    6
  2630. michael troy it is certainly an interesting history- thanks for the idea!
    6
  2631. This is my job, and I must pay the mortgage.
    6
  2632. @ The Surprising and Forgotten History of Helium https://youtu.be/AsKDLaDehbI
    6
  2633. I don't know what you claim is "not accurate," but I talk about the Anglo-Sikh wars in this episode.: https://youtu.be/7tZkSRNsI_g
    6
  2634. Stonehenge was rearranged many times in a 1500 year history of the construction. The 1958 restoration only restored stones that had fallen in the modern age, nothing was re-arranged. The general pattern of the sarsen stones, including alignment to celestial events, was set relatively early in what has been called "Stonehenge III," but re-arrangement of the smaller bluestones continued over a period of about 1000 years. As we talked about the stones being re-arranged in the episode, which, of course, focused on historiography after the period of the monument's construction, I don't know what history you think is "faulty."
    6
  2635. nathanlief it is not in the Public Domain. I am careful about copyright. It is also disturbing. I didn’t want blood to be the focus of the episode.
    6
  2636. They actually came out on top in the War of the First Coalition.
    6
  2637. We likely will have a future episode on refrigeration. I agree. every episode requires choices, and I gave short shrift to quite a few innovations of the nineteenth century.
    6
  2638. Thank you!
    6
  2639. it is really up to her when she presents. She doesn't prefer this side of the camera.
    6
  2640. Up to maybe 50...
    6
  2641. Camel Tanker thank you for your service. Yes, many beyond the military take significant risks and make enormous sacrifices.
    6
  2642. How is an obituary not history?
    6
  2643. It is an animated logo made on Viddyoze
    6
  2644. Kirby Humphrey he didn’t train as a pilot, but in aerial gunnery. He was assigned to make a film to recruit aerial gunners, and flew five combat missions as a B-17 gunner as “research.” He received the Air Medal and the Distinguished Flying Cross.
    6
  2645. The K.A.C. Is different than the gentleman’s club.
    6
  2646. This podcast was originally released at the end of December, but the podcasts post to youtube on a delay.
    6
  2647. If you were to define a system to get a modern computer to calculate Bernoulli numbers, what would you call it? How is setting the dials on a mechanical computer all that different than a player piano tape? I mean no disrespect, but I fail to see the difference.
    6
  2648. Good talent is expensive
    6
  2649. None of the crew mentioned being inverted in their report, and, in fact, they disbelieved the gauges that told them they were. Back in the cabin, there were people rolling around on the roof of the plane.
    6
  2650. Please send us a note to thehistoryguyyt@gmail.com
    6
  2651. He is commenting on physics and biology, not identity
    6
  2652. There was an argument over whether he turned on a backup fuel pump. Bruning argues that being a test pilot was so dangerous that pilots tended to blame other pilots for their own deaths as a means of dealing with the stress of the job. If you believed that the other pilot only died because they messed up, then you thought you could control your own risk.
    6
  2653. It was- the 1937 "Battle of the Overpass" was a turning point for American labor.
    6
  2654. I think that Dulles would argue thar the reason that the PLA stayed back was exactly the threat of nuclear war. Respectfully, I find it naive to say “no serious threat of nuclear war occurred in this round.” Eisenhower had been given congressional authority and was clearly prepared to use nuclear weapons. The fact that the PRC was, as stated in the episode, cautious was never a foregone conclusion. That neither side escalated is a fortunate outcome. But the thread does appear to have been serious.
    6
  2655. I plan more episodes on the history of Poland yes. https://youtu.be/Tu3tREaE4Xg
    6
  2656. Reportedly they taste terrble.
    6
  2657. Not yet, but I plan on making many for episodes of Five Minutes of History.
    6
  2658. No- it is an American decoration. Authorized in 1926.
    6
  2659. There is some movement in the US to move to continental style, as it is more efficient.
    6
  2660. Kennedy ordered a carrier group to the Bay of Bengal as well, in case India needed air support. But the cease fire came before they had arrived, and they were turned back.
    6
  2661. Bob Dole’s story told in this episode: https://youtu.be/qAEDFsfHQfs
    6
  2662. Dr. Strangelove it might well be true. There is, at least, a record in a ledger of his overseer paying for teeth.
    6
  2663. Honestly I try to stay away from such historical judgments.
    6
  2664. You are correct- I am sorry for the mistake. He was awarded the Navy Cross for his actions at Normandy.
    6
  2665. How'd ya get so funky?
    6
  2666. BUF20 thank you. We have three others, so tails still rule the place.
    6
  2667. What is wrong with a sponsor? What, precisely, is your complaint?
    6
  2668. Well, it is a stat about how much Americans eat, so GBP would be weird. ;)
    6
  2669. traderjoes good point
    6
  2670. The diabetes theory came from a doctor who had the case presented to him anonymously. It is intriguing, but impossible to prove without forensic evidence. There is the problem that he never reported being bitten by an animal, although sometimes the victims of rabies do not recall being bitten as symptoms can take up to a year to appear.
    6
  2671. The broad and agenda-driven vision of the 1618 project is the opposite of what we aim for on this channel. We tell compelling stories of history.
    6
  2672. ur2c8 that is connected. Prior to the Calendar Act the former tax year ended March 24, and the New Years day was the following day, so the tax year started March 25. After the change, the tax date was kept, but advanced 11 days so that the 1752 tax year would have a full 365 days, making the end of the tax year April 4 and the beginning of the tax year April 5. Then, due to the Gregorian calendar, 1800 was not a leap year, and that moved the date of the start of the new tax year to April 6 to be a full 365 days. That date has remained the official beginning of the UK tax year.
    6
  2673. They remained married. He didn't leave her much after his death.
    6
  2674. sami asli I am not going to take sides in the Arab-Israeli conflict. Nixon did.
    6
  2675. I would suggest the Schooner "Alliance," which sails out of Yorktown during the summer months. A grand ship, a great crew and a nice tour of a historic area.
    6
  2676. LOL Of course it can.
    6
  2677. I absolutely believe that the story of USS Liberty deserves to be remembered. I have not deleted any comments regarding Liberty. But I have been straightforward in maintaining that I have no intention of doing an episode on USS Liberty. Simply put, my short format cannot do justice to the Liberty controversy.
    6
  2678. I have a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Colorado.
    6
  2679. Absolutely. The seven day week was an invention of the Babylonians, who used the number seven because, at the time, there were seven celestial bodies they could observe. But the Egyptians had a ten day week, and the Romans an eight day week. Roughly, the Babylonian seven day week spread to the Greeks, who introduced it to the Romans and the Indians, who likely introduced it to the Chinese. The Romans did not officially adopt a seven day week until the fourth century under Constantine.
    6
  2680. Happy Birthday!
    6
  2681. @ lol no worries. Ships do not sink or float on the name of the class.
    6
  2682. Bring a helmet...
    6
  2683. Look more closely…
    6
  2684. They did, and that might make a good episode in the future. Thanks!
    6
  2685.  @rayceeya8659  he was an interesting fellow. His birth name was Cowdrey. He started touring in a Wild West show in the 1880s and changed his name to Cody, apparently to to take advantage of the famous name. Occasionally while touring he would claim to be Buffalo Bill’s son, although they were not related.
    6
  2686. Cattle are notoriously curious.
    6
  2687. I disagree. Fire is not all it is made out to be.
    6
  2688. The Halifax Explosion and the Boston Christmas Tree https://youtu.be/_Uu6GULBKVM
    6
  2689. I respectfully disagree - battle reports do not clearly support your narrative. There is, at least, no confirmation that the damage was all from West Virginia. Moreover, Yamashiro was hit by at least two, and as many as four torpedoes, after West Virginia’s salvos, which likely caused her sinking. Unfortunately, the condition of the wreck did not allow a clear analysis of the damage or cause of her sinking. Still, West Virginia performed proudly, clearly scored hits, and news reports at the time credited her with sinking Yamashiro. I do not deny any credit to the crew of the We Vee, they did the Navy proud.
    6
  2690. I have not- there were quite a lot of YouTube videos on it already. I may come back to it.
    6
  2691. This is really interesting, although I can say that I found no reference at all to kimonos in the research for the episode. But I have to disagree. The connection of the modern T-shirt to the undershirt was direct and obvious. The shirts worn by Brando and Dean were literally undershirts, and it was undershirts that became outwear. The idea that the undershirt and the T shirt were “distinct” or developed separately is historically unsupportable. There is wide agreement that Kimonos, which became better known in the west during the modernization and opening of Japan during the Meiji period, affected the shift in women’s clothing from corsets to loose-fitting clothes. But those were dresses, significantly more similar to kimonos. Although some wear them oversized, the T shirt is not a loose fitting outer garment.
    6
  2692. The Wingfoot Air Express crash was the Hindenburg before the Hindenburg.
    6
  2693. LOL
    6
  2694. Awkward Converse*ation thank you! There are photos of most of my collection here: https://pin.it/uubfqu4244svab
    6
  2695. There are several possible candidates
    6
  2696. They US has recognized graves of unknown soldiers from both the Union and the Confederacy during the civil war and the Revolutionary war.
    6
  2697. KissesLoveKawaii sorry, you are incorrect. It was used in multiple roles, including as fighter cover for anti-submarine planes. Dogfighting was a secondary role, but one in which it was quite capable. It carried air to air missiles. This is literally the plane that was used to train naval aviators in dog fighting. I made a point of pointing out that it was an attack aircraft and that its primary role was ground support. I correctly described the aircraft.
    6
  2698. Martin Kelly so do I.
    6
  2699. It is called “Highway Wildflowers.”
    6
  2700. Ms History Guy is a full partner in the business and can narrate any episode she chooses. But she prefers to work behind the scenes, and rarely chooses to narrate.
    6
  2701. The clock doesn’t work, and never did. Some friends ribbed me about it the other day, so I moved the hands.
    6
  2702. I may do an episode on the Salton Sea. the current water crises actually creates a great deal of risk if the Salton goes dry and winds start spreading the dust.
    6
  2703. We have been honored to work with the foundation, and hope that we have helped to bring attention to the great ship. We have many more episodes on USS Texas planned.
    6
  2704.  @trumpetmom8924  no, he isn’t polydactyl.
    6
  2705. Seems a bad idea if there may be need of rescue.
    6
  2706. Thank you for your service!
    6
  2707. The cats did not leave me. :) I'll give them your regards.
    6
  2708. It is surprisingly similar with the propeller failure. But of course, John Wane and Robert Stack managed to get their DC-4 back to San Francisco. The movie could not have been inspired by Pan Am Flight 6, as the movie was released in 1954, two years before the crash.
    6
  2709. It is sometimes described as such. But anthropologists generally conclude that it represented a water spirit.
    6
  2710. No, not really. The only one to be disciplined was the submarine commander, and his punishment was revoked.
    6
  2711. Comments mean that my brilliance is shared more widely with the world.
    6
  2712. Not apparently- there are no names in the after action report. We know the armored car was from Troop B of the 87th cavalry reconnaissance squadron.
    6
  2713. The traditional way to describe a US Navy crew compliment is "officers and men."
    6
  2714.  @dennisheise6335  I linked pronunciation guides. I followed them as well as I am able.
    6
  2715. Churchill famously remarked that the man had been bitten by the mule. The truth was somewhat grislier. Equus Mulus can be a terrible foe indeed.
    6
  2716. None intended on my part...
    6
  2717. Happy birthday!
    6
  2718. No, my dad was a forest ranger
    6
  2719. This was back in July of this year
    6
  2720. It's such an odd perspective. That is the story of all of history. By that point England was ruled by dynasties that began as traitors. Certainly the Tudors, traitors at least twice over, beheaded plenty of traitors.
    6
  2721. Eric Taylor that is a fair point. I think the standard is “in the presence of the enemy,” and the Onge were certainly present. A number have gone to support such as doctors, but almost exclusively for actions under fire or exposing themselves to fire. These still seem rather unique.
    6
  2722. I am pretty much in the saddle all the time...
    6
  2723. No one argued that food should be shipped from Britain. Both the United States and Australia offered to send food, but the War Cabinet refused to free the shipping. There were a number of administrative failures. There was likely enough food in other provinces, but there were simply failures to act at appropriate times. Much was driven by price shocks that resulted in hoarding. In general, the famine is categorized by most experts as "man made."
    6
  2724. Mine too. You just don’t find people that humble today. He is a hero in my book.
    6
  2725. Certainly not, or he would not have joined the rebellion. The British weren’t unreasonable for never fully trusting him.
    6
  2726. This is a good list. Personally I am surprised you left off Unforgiven, as well as classics like Big Jake or the Man Who Shot Liberty Valence or three Godfathers or Stagecoach or the Shootist. (I grew up on John Wayne.) Rooster Cogburn isn't really an outlaw movie, right? I'd also at least give The Long Riders and Silverado honorable mentions. I'd personally leave off The Quick and the Dead, which I found cheesy.
    6
  2727. She wrote the script for this episode. It is up to her when she gets in front of the camera, but it is not her favorite thing...
    6
  2728. Join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    6
  2729. That was certainly not my goal here. I don't intend to inject my opinion. This is history.
    6
  2730. So do I- it is new. I was a little wary of the velvet lapels, but it is actually kind of cool and Christmassy.
    6
  2731. https://youtu.be/eaQ4_h3gXAI And yes, Enterprise D.
    6
  2732. Pinatubo's eruption in 1991 had, according to volcanologists, a higher Volcano Explosivity Index than Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai did in 2022.
    6
  2733. LOL
    6
  2734. LOL British place names have been a slow process for me. I am glad this one was better.
    6
  2735. Correct
    6
  2736. Karla Kirkpatrick I don’t know that “betrayed” is a fair description, but it certainly was controversial. The core argument was that including women in Mercury would slow the process, and there was a political imperative to win the space race.
    6
  2737. I am very sorry. We don't mean to ignore anyone. There are just a lot more responses these days.
    6
  2738. That would have been hard currency.
    6
  2739. We sent dogwood trees.
    6
  2740. I think the word "loony" was derived from the word lunatic. The word lunatic actually derived from the word "luna," meaning moon, as the term referred to periodic insanity that was thought to be affected by the phases of the moon. When John Looney's family came to Illinois the name was "O'Lowney," and the name was Americanized to Looney.
    6
  2741. He does have an impressive 'stache.
    6
  2742. That was Jeffery Armored Car No. 1. It was not properly "extemporized," in that it was purpose built using a hull made by the Rock Island Arsenal. Jeffrey-Russel built versions in Canada on a standard Jeffrey truck chassis. One is pictured at 5:48.
    6
  2743. jeff robinson I have one too!
    6
  2744. Certainly far less documented.
    6
  2745. She doesn't enjoy the front of the camera all that much. I leave it up to her when she films. But we do have several on famous women. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjPx6NkocmNfyzMS5BYhMsN
    6
  2746. As always, I meant no comment on current politics and intended no judgement on history. The United States was certainly not unique in using this kind of diplomacy at the time, a point that President Polk made while addressing European outrage over the matter.
    6
  2747. Thank you! I'm glad you enjoyed it.
    6
  2748.  @RichardCranium321  yes, there will be a discount at try.magellantv.com/thehistoryguy. No, we don’t get a kickback per subscriber.
    6
  2749. The brand was sold and is now manufactured in Canada. The formula changed long ago, so that Bromo-Seltzer no longer includes Bromide.
    6
  2750. Lol- well both are alpine hats. But mine was inspired by a visit to the Alps, not by the game show.
    6
  2751. Unknown Traveller that part of the story was added in the 1600s. I mention him at the end.
    6
  2752. We have people who have asked us to post them here. If podcasts are not your thing, you can choose to watch something else.
    6
  2753. Despite the alternative spelling, the namesake is the Dutch possession.
    6
  2754. I understand that it has been taken over as a facility to do underground research. there is a visitor center and museum. https://www.sanfordlabhomestake.com/
    6
  2755. Yes, i am sure that there will be more out on the Catalina PBY in the future.
    6
  2756. They called it the “Lafitte cannon.” I couldn’t find a record of what happened to it- his weapons seem to have been dispersed during the war. I wonder if it is still around somewhere.
    6
  2757. There were quite a number of connections that I could not include in the time limit. I sincerely wish that I could have fit in a discussion of land policy, land grabbing, and the impacts of the Great Depression. But the Bengal famine was not the u-boat under the survivors. The famine could have been prevented with no negative impact on the war effort- it was not a choice of one or the other. I very munch enjoy your posts, and you bring up a number of issues that I hope someday to work into future episodes. Thank you for watching!
    6
  2758. Callie Masters TRs way of saying that bears aren’t good house pets.
    6
  2759. Tom Bombadil kinda. :)
    6
  2760. https://youtu.be/6O1KH3OUyHE
    6
  2761. Sorry, no, never heard of it. I will check it out.
    6
  2762. There is a reason I said "one of the most ambitious." Operation Overlord was the largest seaborne invasion in history, but not the largest invasion. More on Barbarossa Here: https://youtu.be/wyi2XJVRP-8 here: https://youtu.be/BpNYTA6Ax5o and here: https://youtu.be/jkgTu5ljlfo
    6
  2763. grumpybill the military is working from stores, likely they still have unused ones in boxes.
    6
  2764. Riceball01 there are sun helmets made of plastic, foam, and straw. Die stamped presses fiber seems to be a lost art. Authentic ones are still reasonably available among collectors.
    6
  2765.  @csonracsonra9962  I was born in Colorado, and attended the University of Colorado, but I do not reside there now. I stay out of current politics. The role of the historian is to inform people about the past so that they can make their own decisions about the present.
    6
  2766. The Forestry service has a couple, but I didn’t use them because it is actually quite difficult to see what is going on in the pictures.
    6
  2767. She was a unique and extraordinary personality who deserves to be remembered.
    6
  2768. Bartholomew Gosnold was, for a time, a privateer.
    6
  2769. You don't like the bow ties? It is so difficult to find a consensus...
    6
  2770. A tomb was found, and it is an exciting discovery, but it is unclear whether it was actually the tomb of Romulus, and the tomb held no remains. Sadly, the question of whether Romulus was a real historical figure is still a matter of debate.
    6
  2771. Not a beginning of the anti-slavery movement, but a catalyst, ironically caused by a man who was relatively cautious about his viewpoint. But it was also a test of the idea that government does not get to dictate what goes in the newspaper.
    6
  2772. LOL yeah, the wanted poster is very strange.
    6
  2773. okfinema we do take and appreciate suggestions, but can’t guarantee when or if a specific topic will be produced.
    6
  2774. Pfsif LOL yeah- almost like it was a competition...
    6
  2775. Well, sorry, you are entirely incorrect. If you watched the episode, you might know why.
    6
  2776. Niles Bergman.
    6
  2777. Kipling wrote in that time when the empire was still seen romantically.
    6
  2778. Michigan still wants Toledo?
    6
  2779. Those are mardi gras colors. A gift from a viewer.
    6
  2780. The War Elephants of Carthage https://youtu.be/yLUEL-YbGcc
    6
  2781. As a historian, I would describe us as a nation constantly struggling to live up to our ideals, and often falling short. As a historian, that seems to describe nearly every civilization.
    6
  2782. It was in an open corridor surrounded by reporters, not some closet.
    6
  2783. They were in the dark the entire time. Adjusting to light was a difficulty after rescue.
    6
  2784. Subbed.
    6
  2785. colin Paterson lol yeah- had a fantastic meat pie there.
    6
  2786. His is an incredible story.
    6
  2787. Old UK gum cards are really cool.
    6
  2788. One of my favorite movies. Michael Caine's first movie. Nigel Green did such a magnificent Colour Sergeant Bourne.
    6
  2789. Brought there for a movie shoot in 1924.
    6
  2790.  @jupitercyclops6521  Five billion- actually $5.1 Bn in 2018. Fifteen thousand employees.
    6
  2791. That is in the episode. In September 1943 the Navy refloated the ship using a coffer dam and removed the munitions. The ship was towed out to sea and sunk in a live fire exercise. The video footage starting at 11:35 is of the salvage operation.
    6
  2792. Steve Dietrich we have three- we used to have four, but we lost our dear Penny in the fall of 2018. Pookie is around 17 and truly a grumpy old man. He likes breakfast and sleeping on the couch, demands water from the sink and not from a bowl, and talks quite a lot. He loves me in the morning when I feed them, and is Ms History Guy’s cat the rest of the day.
    6
  2793. Oh good golly I wouldn't wear a clip on. Yes, I tie my own ties, which are graciously provided by The Tie Bar.
    6
  2794. You’d think, but the etymology comes from astrology.
    6
  2795. No- the tool was invented in the early twentieth century by a forest ranger named Ed Pulaski.
    6
  2796. In the end, it is a happy story. Their unlikely survival is a reason to celebrate.
    6
  2797. Might be. But gotta respect a guy who busts out for a party, and then turns himself back in.
    6
  2798. sharadowasdr Thank you for the comment. I do intend to do an episode about the partition at some point.
    6
  2799. I don’t know just what went wrong…
    6
  2800. I didn't start with the bow tie. I just wore one once and people liked it.
    6
  2801. Or nickel half-eagles...
    6
  2802. True story.
    6
  2803. Tobis Scootering certainly an interesting and controversial fellow.
    6
  2804. I am sorry- I have gotten better at English place-names since this episode. But, seriously, why don't you pronounce them like they are spelled?
    6
  2805. They intended to be commerce raiders- essentially pirates.
    6
  2806. There was a big push to find “peaceful” uses of atomic weapons.
    6
  2807. Not yet.
    6
  2808. I am not good with favorites, but I do have two- a Bilby and Bowler- that I got at Lock and Company, the world's oldest hat shop, that I enjoy. Most of mine are antique or vintage, so I don't wear them.
    6
  2809. They did- it's name was Félicette.
    6
  2810. I know, right?
    6
  2811.  @jackmason5278  there is a difference between the branches of the armed forces and the uniformed services.
    6
  2812. I hear that it is a popular diving location.
    6
  2813. I have four MOVA Globes, none use a Chinese map.
    6
  2814. The third phase of the Second Boer War shocked Britons themselves. But it was also in the context of a guerrilla campaign that included stunning brutality from the Boers as well. That is not to apologize for the camps, but to say that they do deserve to be put into some context. I disagree that it is heroically accurate to say that the British invented concentration camps, or to say that they inspired Nazi camps (which had ample examples, as if any were needed.)
    6
  2815. Diane Hansen Frederick the Great did, and that is in the episode.
    6
  2816. I was quoting WebMD. I can't vouch for them...
    6
  2817. I will try to fix that.
    6
  2818. LOL
    6
  2819. There is a lot of discussion of that. They did, apparently, achieve surprise, but, to be fair, they were a very small number given that there were as many as 2500 warriors in the camp. There are lots of questions regarding Reno's performance in the battle, but it certainly isn't unreasonable of him to have suspected a trap.
    6
  2820. Fremen Warrior the question was what would have happened had the US not been fighting the Civil War. The most likely scenario is that the War of the French Intervention would not have occurred. Regardless of other events, neither Mexico nor the US wanted a European power dominating Mexico in 1865. At that moment our interests coincided, and the US did offer assistance denying Maximilian European allies. It did create a brief era of relatively good will between the US and Mexico.
    6
  2821. Zülqədərli İgid I correctly state his background in the episode. His accomplishments as a general and emperor were of the Persian empire.
    6
  2822. no one gonna have to convince my wife on that one...
    6
  2823. Working on it: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGgouBlpQiUHwVMLUqly7Ia6
    6
  2824. Although they started the war equipped with the M26 Adrian helmet, French troops used a variety of helmets throughout the second world war, including American M1 helmets and British Brodie helmets. After the war, the French introduced a "Modèle 1945" helmet, also called the "Joan of Arc" helmet. The M1945 shared some of the appearance of the Adrian helmet- notably with a crest riveted on. It had a wider neck band and a leather visor. That was replaced by the "Modèle 1951" which was very similar to the US M1 helmet. The 1951 model was replaced by a heavier steel Modèle 1978 helmet. That was replaced in the mid 1990s with the SPECTRA helmet, which is made from "ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene Spectra fibers," and is similar to the US PASGT helmet.
    6
  2825. You prefer a different color? That is a limited edition "watermelon" color lava lamp, but I have others. Blue, maybe?
    6
  2826. Why for heaven's sake? I get yelled at if I use BC or BCE. I am making no political statement. Stop with the silly political correctness.
    6
  2827. Neither were destroyers
    6
  2828. I WWI virtually no ship was designed to withstand a torpedo hit.
    6
  2829. Both pronunciations are found in pronunciation guides, but the poems found in newspapers at the time make it clear that they were using the pronunciation used in the video.
    6
  2830. NesconProductions exactly. If anyone at YT could tell me what they think crossed a line, I could possibly change it. They refuse to do so, or offer any reasonable channel to get feedback.
    6
  2831. I would suspect that any mines from 1946 have been removed by now. but, if need be, I can have a fine discussion in a lifeboat.
    6
  2832. Round the decay of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare, the low and level sands stretch far way.
    6
  2833. Just trying out some facial hair
    6
  2834. Eric Taylor and Arnold knew that. As with any great con, he always let the mark think everything was their idea.
    6
  2835. The nation largely forgot, but Carroll county did not.
    6
  2836. https://youtu.be/kbxrqQFetvI
    6
  2837. I am not sure I would call the original peoples of North America "meek."
    6
  2838. That is a fair assessment. The defense had no strategic importance. Still, the fact that they were still fighting and the rest of the Soviet Army did not know was meaningful. I have a soft spot for last stands.
    6
  2839. Part of the issue, I am told, is that the increase in demand that came after the movies resulted in some irresponsible breeding.
    6
  2840.  @TheGeniuschrist  few sponsors will pay to have an ad at the end of a video. They are actually paying me with the hopes that people will watch the ad. I only accept sponsorships from products I use, and I follow the rules of the contract made with the sponsor.
    6
  2841. Some papers reported that chickens went to roost, others said they did not. It likely depends most upon the length of totality.
    6
  2842. Wow. I can’t be held responsible for people seeking desperately for an excuse to find offense. I said “so-called” because the concept that links a series of actions together and titled them collectively as a genocide is rather new, and many viewers would be unfamiliar with the term. Certainly I did not seek to hide the event, or I would not have mentioned it.
    6
  2843. It was intended as a stopgap until BMEWS was operational.
    6
  2844. Seriously this mattress changed my life. It is simply good to find your place.
    6
  2845. You are welcome. And I do not blame you- Lapu Lapu was, frankly, awesome. I wish we knew more about him.
    5
  2846. Steven Lower I recall watching on TV.
    5
  2847. The StealthBox I respectfully disagree. I doubt that the lack of women pilots in the Russian Air Force is because women have no interest, but because of institutional barriers. But yes, the Soviets did mobilize in the Great Patriotic War to an extent that even other parties to the conflict cannot comprehend. Had the Wehrmacht been sixty miles from DC, I suspect we’d have seen lots of American female combat pilots as well.
    5
  2848. Thank you!
    5
  2849. Ralfy Bebe it is entirely possible that Pigafetta was inaccurate in those assumptions. The fact is that we have very little formal record of Lapu Lapu.
    5
  2850. It is a type of hawk. It is a fairly typical name for a small RN vessel. She was a Cruizer-class brig-sloop, whose class also included HMS Osprey, Swallow, Raven, Redwing, Ring Dove, Peacock, Sparrowhawk, Crane, Herron, Gannet and Penguin.
    5
  2851. It was, although it was really caused by broader issues of economics, culture, and foreign relations. The act of a drunk American shouldn't justify attacking people and property just for looking foreign.
    5
  2852. Through much of his public career he was actually referred to as “the Great Humanitarian.”
    5
  2853. It was more about the times than it was about Ford. Fromme, however, later claimed that she was motivated by a loosening of the Clean Air and Water Act, which did occur during his administration.
    5
  2854.  @bruceporter8978  it was the secret Imperial Japanese Army unit responsible for chemical warfare during the Second World War.
    5
  2855. The podcasts are released every two weeks and available everywhere you find podcasts. We post them on the YT channel approximately a month after release.
    5
  2856. A mistake I did not make until literally the last two words of the episode. I apologize for the error.
    5
  2857.  @alkjhsdfg  I would be interested to see how you document your assertion of 99%. While a few craft brewers advertise compliance with the reinheitsgebot, that percentage seems to be small. Certainly more than 1% of craft beers are brewed including grains other than barley. Fruit flavors and various sweeteners are common, not to mention all the chocolate and oatmeal stouts. The American Brewers Association, which describes their mission “to promote small independent American brewers” notes in their definition of a craft brewery that “the hallmark of craft beer and craft brewers is innovation” and says that “interesting and sometimes non-traditional ingredients are often added for distinctiveness.” Up until 2014 the Brewers Association actually included the uses of adjuncts in the brewing process in its definition of a craft brewery. That is, until six years ago a brew that didn’t include ingredients beyond the reinheitsgebot was not considered a craft brew. It was not my intent to define craft brewing beyond highlighting that craft brews tend to innovate, essentially the opposite intent of the beer purity laws. That description appears to be consistent with how the craft brewing industry describes itself.
    5
  2858. the_history_guy
    5
  2859. That is, I think, a fair concern, although the Irish Divisions took overall losses similar to many other divisions.
    5
  2860. I would say so, yes. There have been at least five significant battles in the pass, but, to my knowledge, no others documented between 323 BC and 279 BC.
    5
  2861. Yes, the island is between Siberia and the North Pole.
    5
  2862. If he was on the Houston, was he taken prisoner?
    5
  2863. I more than once make it clear that he was the Ace of Aces of the US Army Air Force.
    5
  2864. Well, even warnings can’t prevent all tornado injuries. They are still powerful.
    5
  2865. Fair point- I have not seen a reference giving their names.
    5
  2866. Akshay Tripathi absolutely the perception depended on which side you were on. There is controversy over the claim. It was not a national uprising, and the term "First War of Independence" wasn't used to refer to the rebellion until the Twentieth Century. It is not clear that the Sepoys themselves had any political vision for India. Others point out earlier uprisings. The perception of the rebellion has certainly changed with time.
    5
  2867. https://youtu.be/HersvTbNdC0?si=cgZoMJgnGrA3kTWU
    5
  2868. I had originally intended some more in depth discussion of the flag, but decided to cut for time. There is a lot of subtlety in the way that it was used at the time, as well as the way it has been used since.
    5
  2869. It is just a piece I use sometimes when doing "extreme weather" topics.
    5
  2870. Might say burned the evidence…
    5
  2871. It does look rather fragile. The actual basket is in the National Air and Space Museum.
    5
  2872.  @notahotshot  I tend to agree. They had no choice but to claim that it was a navigational error. But everyone involved knew that was a lie.
    5
  2873. Samhain is a Gaelic/Celtic tradition, meaning Scotland, Ireland and the Isle of Man. I get your point, but Samhain is specifically mentioned in Irish Literature from the 9th century, and Irish Burial Mounds from the Neolithic era are aligned with the sunrise on Samhain, so it is simply untrue to assert that it is some recent manufacture. The vast majority of references reference Ireland, so I do apologize if I am incorrect as to who first carved a turnip. (actually, Rutabagas were, it appears, more popular in Scotland.
    5
  2874. Elysium again, the video is not about Lusitania. You pretend that I have some obligation to discuss your topic, I do not. You are choosing to detour the topic. Be very careful about using inflammatory terms like revisionist when talking to a historian. I never made any claims about the legitimacy of the outrage, nor made any claims about sinking of Lusitania. There was outrage, that did result in Wilson’s demand to return to prize rules. That is all fact, and all that I claimed. I still contend that the cargo was not as relevant as you assert, and the sinking- which did not take place under prize rules, would likely have had the same effect regardless of the cargo. Had Germany continued to engage in unrestricted submarine warfare in 1915, the US almost certainly would have been drawn into the war much sooner. Germany was willing to suspend unrestricted submarine warfare regardless of the cargo of Lusitania because they realized that it would draw the US in. Von Holtzebdorff also recognized that in 1916. Certainly there is hypocrisy in the outrage against submarine warfare while ignoring the RN blockade of Germany. Without question the admiralty lied about Lusitania and used it to try to bring the US into the war. Both sides engaged in propaganda. But the importance of Lusitania is overstated- the US did not enter the war until two years later. A fair understanding of the context of the time is that German use of unrestricted submarine warfare would inevitably lead to US entry into the war.
    5
  2875. There is archaeological evidence of human ancestors controlling fire two million years ago.
    5
  2876. Nike was shorter range. The philosophy was to use BOMARCs first and catch any the got through with Nikes.
    5
  2877. That is another famous bear. I may do an episode on Wotjek some day.
    5
  2878. Much if the story of Toung Taloung comes from Barnum's autobiography, so yes, it has to be taken with a large grain of salt.
    5
  2879. That was really just a homage to elevator music for this epsiode. Highway Wildflowers causes you pain?
    5
  2880. Thank you for the topic. She was an extraordinary woman who deserves to be remembered.
    5
  2881. The "King's Daughters" sent between 1663 and 1673 in order to attract male settlers were a different group that the prostitutes who were cajoled to move to Louisiana by the Mississippi company forty years later.
    5
  2882. We appreciate all viewer topic suggestions! But we get so many that we cannot guarantee what will be made into and episode or when. The best was to send a topic suggestion is to email Suggestions@TheHistoryGuy.net
    5
  2883. It does have some resemblance
    5
  2884. I don't, in this episode or others, tend to take a side on the morality of a war. But it should be noted that the US was not the invader in this war, and these efforts were to prevent the trafficking in arms to violent insurgents and invaders. It is an odd description of that war to assert that the US was "pummeling" anyone with our power and wealth by using these boats to prevent tons of Chinese and Russian ordinance from being imported into the country for the purpose of committing violence against its citizens.
    5
  2885. In my opinion, yes, that is a victory. Whether it is fairly called a "battle" is another matter.
    5
  2886. Bianca Hotca I mention their estrangement towards the end of the video. It is sad, in that it seems that his concerns were genuinely for her best interests. He destroyed virtually all of her letters from the period in an apparent attempt to protect her reputation. Lincoln’s funeral was in Springfield Illinois. She did not go on the trip. Robert accompanied the body. She was a woman who endured a terrible amount of loss in her life.
    5
  2887. Lol- I wish I had his bank account.
    5
  2888. Stefanos Nickoloff that is a fair question. Part of the issue is whether Operation Overlord is seen as a single battle. Still, overall there were less than a million US forces involved in Operation Overlord, while 1.2 million were involved in the Meuse Argonne offensive.
    5
  2889. I did not find any save the captain, first officer and engineer mentioned in the video
    5
  2890. We use a number of images for illustration. There aren’t any photographs of a battle fought in 1509.
    5
  2891. While there were few rigid airships, the US military produced and used blimps for much longer.
    5
  2892. The game was stopped, and the fire apparently stopped the fight. There did not seem to be any consequences, it was a rowdy time in the league.
    5
  2893. Titanic was launched in May, 1911 and its maiden voyage was in April 1912. There is a wide gap between when the ship is launched and when it is completed.
    5
  2894. I sincerely doubt he planned to go for a ride- the news stories don't suggest so. He would have had no way to guarantee where the balloon would land.
    5
  2895. Tambora was a VEI 7 eruption, Krakatoa was VEI 6
    5
  2896. It changes from month to month...
    5
  2897. The body was not mutilated, and there are various theories why, including that he was wearing an Agnus Deī  around his neck.  That  might have been interpreted as some powerful "medicine,"  and it may have been meaningful because some percentage of the warriors had converted to Catholicism.  They also might have left the body unmutilated because he put up a particularly brave defense.
    5
  2898. Philip Dartnell I have moved to a standard intro to fix the problem. This is what you get when the director, the author, the camera guy, the sound guy and the talent are all the same guy.
    5
  2899. Not all that uncommon at the time.
    5
  2900.  @jamesbehrje4279  I am sorry that people think that a minute of their time is too much to offer us to help to pay our bills. Frankly, we should not have to apologize for that. Your understanding of the analytics is off- while we might get slightly fewer views on YT, the sponsorship is more valuable financially. And, again, Magellan is a good product. We produce twelve episodes a month, only two of which will be sponsored. Our catalog includes more than 350 videos without sponsored content. If you wish, you may become a patron on Patreon for just $3 a month and not have to see the sponsored content.
    5
  2901. I was a Ranger at Fort Necessity in 1989. It is a lovely area.
    5
  2902. And the charges were dropped after the explosion.
    5
  2903. We do allow mid rolls on episodes that don't have sponsored content, but we try to build in ad breaks where they are least disruptive, and limit to two breaks per episode. Ads are what pays the bills.
    5
  2904. Well, of course that was all a cover story anyway, but presumably he flew through clouds for most of the trip, and by the time he saw water it was too late to turn back.
    5
  2905. I talk about the Luddites in this episode: https://youtu.be/zqL8EolZMZU
    5
  2906. Right now she is laying on top of my mail...
    5
  2907. From kits, but yes.
    5
  2908. Perhaps in another epsiode.
    5
  2909. I’ll be honest, the Churchill story doesn’t make sense. Churchill never stayed in the Lincoln bedroom, he didn’t like the bed. He stayed in the blue room. The story never seems to specify when the supposed ghost encounter occurred. Churchill stayed at the White House several times.
    5
  2910. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    5
  2911. I don’t take a stand on the subject. Somis’ conclusion would be typical of the era.
    5
  2912.  @Enolagay1945  no one is suggesting that people put their heads in the sand. I am, however, suggesting that there are plenty of other places on the world wide web where people can argue over politics.
    5
  2913. A few were given to the Coast Guard. Most were decommissioned or sold in the 1930s.
    5
  2914. So was I.
    5
  2915. Potato salad with mustard.
    5
  2916. It was an attack submarine carrying nuclear torpedoes, not ballistic missiles.
    5
  2917.  @constipatedinsincity4424  it is a special edition Bob Hope GI Joe.
    5
  2918. At some point after 1900 she left Dan's company and seems to have married Paul Dawson in Canada in 1903. Not much else is known, except that she died in 1946 in Palm Beach, Florida.
    5
  2919. Nine. http://www.german-navy.de/kriegsmarine/ships/auxcruiser/index.html
    5
  2920. Thank you for putting forth the effort!
    5
  2921. The term was actually coined by O Henry, it is hard to get better than that! Actually, if you look at the almost comical headlines the name seems to fit perfectly.
    5
  2922. I can't help your tie prejudices.
    5
  2923. You can certainly ascribe certain mistakes to Pershing, but there were also myriad failings at the division and regimental level, and a large number of senior officers were replaced after the battle. Placing the inexperienced 79th division in the center and making them responsible for taking Mountfaucon was a blunder of such significance that it could be called dereliction of duty, and Ligget's refusal to turn the flank cost thousands of lives. So I do personally think that command bears a significant amount of responsibility, especially in the first days of the offensive.
    5
  2924. Anthony Jacobs yes, the British were by no means the worst, and the German and Belgian colonies in Africa represented genocide. But it is simply true that British colonialism was also very often brutal. I am by no means anti-Britain, and am anti-colonial in the way that even the colonial powers have come to understand colonialism. It is virtually impossible to talk about colonial history without this fight where someone from either side is going to be offended. The British were neither devils nor saints. And yes, many peoples of the former British empire have legitimate complaints, even as they may ignore the benefits the empire brought. In this case, a few hundred stone age people who only ever offered a threat to those who invaded their space hardly represented a threat to the 24th Foot, more or less Her Majesty’s empire. The Onge are nearly extinct, their culture ruined. The same cannot be said of the United Kingdom. I am truly sorry that a few have chosen to take such offense at the conclusion to this episode. I feel that it is quite reasonable to stand in support of the Andamanese, who only wanted to defend a tiny part of the world that has been theirs since twenty thousand years before Stonehenge.
    5
  2925. I am trying for a cabinet of curiosities.
    5
  2926. That was a reference to a book that Theodore Roosevelt wrote in 1883 about the Naval War of 1812.
    5
  2927. Billy Hughes was a remarkably resilient politician.
    5
  2928. According to the North Carolina Consumer's Council: "Even though real trees pose the bigger fire threat, artificial trees are also vulnerable. "
    5
  2929.  @51WCDodge  certainly the Tudor had its detractors, although AVRO stood behind it. But, again, two crashes in 1948 and 1949 would have been tragic but unsurprising. Two that disappeared without a trace is certainly a mystery.
    5
  2930. That was part of his role as the leader of the American Relief Administration (ARA.) The ARA was a public/privately funded relief mission after the war. The ARA responded to the Russian famine of 1921, and Hoover played a central role in the diplomacy required to facilitate the aid.
    5
  2931. Many people do that these days- collecting points or rewards, buy paying off in full to avoid interest.
    5
  2932. That is an unfair criticism. My audience is largely American, but I have done dozens of episodes on history of nations other than the United States. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjSbO1gPNqwPSnDOhH_CDYh https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGgbhLSViXZ9_hA2U2YlcFAa https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjsQhkGslJuB3pRlmo_ppLV https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjdbiao9U9ZgbDlR-1L8uw_ https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGgDDIGx85ZLpAB8GaNx-t_S https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjBkKxlvYsfPsJzgIOUarKV https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjy_BjpJeShaLV7rLrAiFnr https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjVZW6b1FTPgSoBcYkPyZO2 https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGihLlNlSNmPxZwjePAT2dfv
    5
  2933. Was that the book Hostile Waters?
    5
  2934. It did. But after the Revolutionary War it was disbanded along with the Navy. It was not established as a permanent force until the Quasi-war.
    5
  2935. There is no question that European colonization in India was often brutal. But, to be fair, such actions had been occurring on the subcontinent for centuries. Empires rose and fell, and usually grew by conquest.
    5
  2936. We had a great time there, and the people at that museum are simply awesome!
    5
  2937. I have not yet.
    5
  2938. Again, that is a stunning fact that the Air Force has never made public. It is absurd that they put you in that position.
    5
  2939. I play under The_History_Guy. My gunnery skills are reminiscent of the battle of Calabria.
    5
  2940. Um- have you looked at a map recently?
    5
  2941. Roughly 7MPG
    5
  2942. It makes more sense to raise new tress from the scions.
    5
  2943. I don't intend to "pass judgement." Both committed atrocities for certain, both were occasionally supported by the allies. the Chetniks also certainly ended up collaborating with the Germans, if only out of necessity.
    5
  2944. It was an oddly prophetic comment.
    5
  2945. They were behind the shrubbery
    5
  2946. The term "Indian wars" is still the accepted term for the conflict, and "tracking Indians" is what he would certainly have said at the time (if not something more pejorative.) I have never heard a historian refer to the period of wars against the nations as anything other than the Indian Wars.
    5
  2947. Per usual, we are telling history, not making political statements. We leave it up to viewers to ponder the wisdom of policies. She did not originate the idea of putting presidents on coinage, no. The Lincoln cent and the Washington quarter predate her tenure at the Mint. Washington has actually been appearing on various US coins since 1782. and of course Benjamin Franklin was not a president. Yes, Roosevelt restricted the gold and silver supply (although the rules have relaxed since.) Ross' role in that process was to create depositories for the collected metals. The Federal Reserve and much of the monetary system was established prior to the Roosevelt Administration and Nellie Ross' tenure at the mint, and does not substantially involve the Mint.
    5
  2948.  @captainmurphy4720  I literally quoted a report that accused China of genocide. Setting aside the dangerous absurdity of altering history based on current politics, it is simply not accurate to claim that the video is somehow pro-China. You understand that this is a history channel, right?
    5
  2949. If they had access to elephants, it would not be at all surprising for them to have been used in trade or agriculture as well as war.
    5
  2950. Correct- a rare gritty Disney film from the 1960s.
    5
  2951. LOL
    5
  2952. Donald is an amazing guy, and we have very much enjoyed working with him and benefitting from his expertise! We have done two in six months because the great folks at the IMS Museum invited us to work with them. We anticipate more episodes in the future. Special thanks to everyone at the museum! https://indyracingmuseum.org/ https://www.youtube.com/user/cepindy Twitter, Facebook and Instagram, @IMSMuseum
    5
  2953. I won’t, no. It needs the test of time.
    5
  2954. You’re the first to notice. Those are three Booth brothers.
    5
  2955. I did SCA in the Outlands until my knees became anachronistic.
    5
  2956. PhiloYT1 LOL it grows back...
    5
  2957. @ my long experience has been, generally, no matter how you pronounce something, someone will tell you you’ve pronounced it wrong.
    5
  2958. The Podcasts are available on regular podcast channels, and released every-other Tuesday. We post them here on YT after about a month delay, as some viewers have requested that they be made available here. Note that these are posted in addition to, not instead of, our regular YouTube episodes. If you prefer a standard podcast format, you can find the History Guy podcasts wherever podcasts are found. If you prefer a video format, we post episodes most every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday.
    5
  2959. The issue was whether the president had the authority to free slaves. Lincoln's authority to issue the Emancipation Proclamation was justified as a war measure under the president's authority as the Commander in Chief of the Army and the Navy to suppress rebellion. Truly freeing all the slaves in the nation required a Constitutional Amendment.
    5
  2960. I appreciate my sponsors.
    5
  2961. Well thank you!
    5
  2962.  @Johnny_Tambourine  respectfully, I think you are still inaccurate.
    5
  2963. A lot... If I kept count, Ms History Guy would probably make me stop...
    5
  2964. The clips are generic. The newspaper articles don’t mention the specific model, nor could I find specific reference to what models were used at Rapid City. Likely, in 1944, it would have been a B-17G.
    5
  2965. Those types of attractions are surprisingly common- found all over the world. Where I grew up it was called "The Cosmos."
    5
  2966. EinChris75 when you lose two engines, speed is reduced substantially. So five hours of flight time is much less distance- not enough to get to get to San Francisco. The part that you are missing is the loss in speed.
    5
  2967. LOL um no, she is my wife.
    5
  2968. It’s on the shelf behind me.
    5
  2969. sophrapsune This was a great read with a lot of inside details: http://home.earthlink.net/~exetermw/Pioneer10.html
    5
  2970. Thanks! Good to know! It is much more difficult than I ever imagined to translate British English. Two cultures separated by a common language...
    5
  2971. On my first visit to the UK, I was unable to visit Westminster Abby because of a Time Team excavation.
    5
  2972. Not a political channel. Please take this elsewhere.
    5
  2973. Reportedly he called her a bigamist and called Jackson a scoundrel. Dickinson shit Jackson in the chest, but Jackson remained standing and killed Dickinson.
    5
  2974. He did, as a captain in the USAAF, but on limited duty- mostly making training films.
    5
  2975. The tomb of the unknown revolutionary war soldier.
    5
  2976.  @t.c.2776  first, as a matter of purely accurate history, these individuals faced both unique experiences and obstacles due to their race. No one is served by ignoring uncomfortable parts of history. Second, the point of Black History Month is simply to highlight history that might have been relatively ignored because the contributions of Black individuals have traditionally beeb relatively ignored in the telling of US Histort. It is not an offense to the melting pot to highlight history that has been relatively ignored for the same reason. Third, as I have repeatedly noted, these episodes have all been previously on the channel, most of them for years. Sudden offense at compiling them seems to me to be a manufactured controversy. I respect your opinion. But I find the idea that we cannot call out contributions by Black Americans because it is Black history month bizarre and reactionary. I hope that people simply appreciate the historical contributions and compelling stories of these individuals.
    5
  2977. The Hermann Von Wissmann was built to be transported- essentially shipped as parts and assembled at the lake. It was extraordinarily difficult to put a large boat on Lake Nyasa, (still is) which is one of the reasons that the few there were so important.
    5
  2978. It is a Russian Mig helmet. Sent by a viewer.
    5
  2979. I don't think you have any understanding of the meaning of the term "Click bait." the thumbnail, title and description accurately describe the content of the video.
    5
  2980. The Greggs were featured on the similar “I’ve got a secret.”
    5
  2981. We did very much enjoy our visit to Texas.
    5
  2982. Thank you!
    5
  2983. Brandon's Garage that is an interesting enough point. As the episode was not intended to be a comprehensive history of flight I had to leave out many names and details. The goal was a basic timeline only.
    5
  2984. Join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    5
  2985. I am sorry- we haven't curated the episodes in a list by date of event. We have an incomplete internal calendar that we use for social media posting, but it isn't public. We are working on revamping the web page, and might be able to make a searchable database available at some point.
    5
  2986. I tend to agree, I cannot see the explanation of how Europe and Asia are separate continents and North and South America are not. But that is how geography is commonly taught in Europe. the surprising bit is that there is not an actual accepted definition of "Continent."
    5
  2987. Thank you!
    5
  2988. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGgDDIGx85ZLpAB8GaNx-t_S
    5
  2989. Thank you for your loyalty!
    5
  2990. The grave site was newly decorated- clearly people in Alton still care.
    5
  2991. I agree. I have no idea why “context” was necessary, but if YT is going to do that, it seems pointless when all they link is Wikipedia.
    5
  2992. you can do that. https://www.nps.gov/vick/u-s-s-cairo-gunboat.htm
    5
  2993. Someone wanted to penetrate enemy lines. :0
    5
  2994. Unfortunately, there was no picture of Oddjob in the Public Domain.
    5
  2995. They did- stayed until water was at their feet
    5
  2996. LOL no, they did not. There is a reason that Ken Taylor had a low opinion of that film.
    5
  2997. I agree that I do tend to talk too fast. But I assure you, I have never hired a consultant. My rate of speaking has no deliberate aim at the algorithm.
    5
  2998. That is the Kaiser Wilhelm Society for the Advancement of Science, which is mentioned in the episode and which Planck led for many years. It was renamed after Max Planck in 1948.
    5
  2999. Mine is a reproduction, not much worn…
    5
  3000. Why? Likely most, if not all, of those incidents, were caused by forest fires.
    5
  3001. But there were certainly other factors involved as well even at Agincourt.
    5
  3002. "Ripping" has been British slang for excellent or splendid at least since the nineteenth century. Some dictionaries list it as archaic, although I can't find a clear reference on exactly how far back it goes. Yarn can mean both chatting or telling a rambling story, but at least one reference ties it to a sailor term for chatting while doing sedentary work such as yarn twisting.
    5
  3003. Happy Birthday!
    5
  3004. Herrick insisted that his letters be published as written- very like Twitter.
    5
  3005. Sadly, Heidi and I are no longer together. Thank you for the offer! I already have travel plans in April, and have to decline.
    5
  3006. I am quite familiar with the discussion. I make no political nor theological statement choosing the nomenclature BC/AD. But, as a simple matter of historical fact, the date was determined by a Christian monk, and he was not seeking to find any mythical and literally nonsensical "common era." I will not sanitize the actual historical meaning of the term for artificially imposed sensibilities. The use of BC/AD does not endorse a religion, nor exclude other religions. It simply acknowledges the historical fact of how the artifice came to exist.
    5
  3007. The problem with that theory is that the blimp seemed to move away under control. And why would the second crewman not have radioed or thrown out the life raft?
    5
  3008.  @peterkaye8162  yes, the British used the 25 lbr to good effect in North Africa.
    5
  3009. As ever, we are making no comment on current politics.
    5
  3010. Doug Sundseth It is true that Texas annexation was going to happen either way. But I do not think that war with Mexico was inevitable. The war did not actually start with annexation- Polk really did agitate for it. Had annexation come in 1844- especially if it resulted in a different executive (say Van Buren) war likely could have been avoided. Certainly it would have been different with Upshur involved. It is difficult to see the War with Mexico without Polk- he was so central to the decision making.
    5
  3011. For exclusive content, become a patron: https://www.patreon.com/TheHistoryGuy
    5
  3012. https://youtu.be/2GZgf1j1n78
    5
  3013. We post three days a week.
    5
  3014.  @wmrayburn7620  for another example, try pronouncing the capital of South Dakota. I do attempt to use local pronunciations, but they are not always obvious or easy to find.
    5
  3015. It was the capital of British Burma at the time. Barnum was calling it a "far away land" to sound more exotic.
    5
  3016. Pozi-dirve was developed by Phillips after the Phillips patents expired.
    5
  3017. Yes it was.
    5
  3018. I am not positive which you mean. The shiny object in front of the books is, essentially, a very fancy challenge coin sent to me by the Chief of the Mess of the USS Constitution. The large, round medallion looking object in front of the USS Texas plaque is a US Coast and Geodetic survey benchmark that was sent to me by an employee of the Oklahoma state highway department.
    5
  3019. I say, respectfully, as a friend across the pond, it is very difficult that virtually no English place name is pronounced as it is spelled.
    5
  3020. Yes to both. And neither proved worth the cost.
    5
  3021. "That" was the victim of a character limit for YT titles.
    5
  3022. I use a program called Viddyoze- you just drop your logo into the animation.
    5
  3023. Seriously, Blinkist rocks.
    5
  3024. The hair is all mine.
    5
  3025. There are multiple people credited with the invention and its development. A British engineer named Richard Clyburn invented one that looks more like the modern crescent wrench. American Daniel Stillson invented what is often called a "pipe wrench." The Budding screw wrench is more like the modern "monkey wrench."
    5
  3026. For exclusive content, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    5
  3027. I have not yet- but he is on my list.
    5
  3028. That meaning would seem to be derivative of the original meaning.
    5
  3029. It was not intended as an allusion to Trump.;
    5
  3030. Voyage of SMS Emden https://youtu.be/sYy-sq7-ank
    5
  3031. I was a National Park Ranger at Mount Rushmore back in the 1980s.
    5
  3032. How widely such a strange event was reported is part of the story, although what was in the Leicester newspaper was mostly a repeat of what was in American papers.
    5
  3033. Historically the measure, nominally based upon the mass of a single virtual ideal seed of a cereal, used the average masses of both wheat and barley. The original "Tower weights" used wheat grain.
    5
  3034.  @misterhat5823  then you don’t know much about Bernie Madoff. Art is a real investment. You can choose to invest, or not to invest. But this is no scam or Ponzi scheme.
    5
  3035. LOL this isn't Only Fans...
    5
  3036. If I was on that beach, I'd been willing to offer a VC if they could get me off. You are correct, this was one of the more peculiar awards, and not fitting modern standards. But the men were certainly risking their lives for others, heroic by any standard.
    5
  3037. Jeff Hankla Lubke briefly worked with Farnsworth. One of the patents on which they collaborated was a key part of the RCA lawsuit.
    5
  3038. detritus1976 “ti” is pronounced “s”. https://www.theodysseyexpedition.com/category/kiribati
    5
  3039. Justin Pipes I have watched some, but not all. It is an enjoyable show, but its presentation of various historical figures is highly fictionalized.
    5
  3040. Richard Petek I still have it- they didn’t like take it away or anything.
    5
  3041. Some of the French forces did. Others saw Vichy as the legitimate government and continued to serve. At Dakar the hope was that de Gualle would show up and the forces in French West Africa would join him. They did not.
    5
  3042. If you have items of historical interest that you wish to give to The History Guy, I can only promise that I will do my best to preserve them and display them occasionally on set. Please mail to The History Guy, PO Box 1473, O'Fallon, IL 62269, and include a stamped envelope so that we may reimburse the cost of postage.
    5
  3043. Respectfully, I don't think that is fair. Many of these Olympians were military troops and had been transported on regular transports. (And complaints by soldiers about military transports were common.) The goal is to get the athlete there is peak physical condition ready to compete, and the Princess Matoika was certainly not ideal for that purpose. In fact, the Army itself seems to have recognized the vessel was more appropriate for moving the dead than the living...
    5
  3044. robert black there is considerable disagreement over the start of the pandemic, and the Iowa pig theory is not universally accepted. The comparison was likely Philadelphia and St Louis. It is certainly a fair comparison, but the pandemic struck the nation unevenly, and there doesn’t seem to be a theory yet that satisfactorily explains why.
    5
  3045. A gift from a friend.
    5
  3046. There are no videos of an eruption in 1815.
    5
  3047. It is interesting that she sat on the beach for over twenty years before the mount Agung eruption.
    5
  3048. Please know that The History Guy team appreciates our viewers! You are the ones who allow us to continue doing what we love.
    5
  3049. His name is Pookie.
    5
  3050. Thank you!
    5
  3051. My understanding is that only two Australians killed on foreign soil in the Great War had their remains returned to Australia. So many young men lie in foreign graves.
    5
  3052. I could not find a record. McDowell reportedly managed to transfer four cannon to the Confederacy, but the rest were taken by the Union. What happened to that actual cannon is unclear, although it seems unlikely that a cannon of that age would have found action in the Civil War.
    5
  3053. The graphics are actually quite easy. I use a program called Viddyoze
    5
  3054. The period of privateers in Halifax were during the War of 1812. Presumably they'd all passed on by 1917.
    5
  3055. It was released to channel members early.
    5
  3056. The war of Breton succession is not as complex as it sounds, as there were only two claimants for most of the conflict. The claimants were John Of Montfort, half brother of John III, and Charles of Blois, husband of Joan of Penthièvre, who was the daughter of John III's younger brother Guy de Penthièvre, who died in 1331. The war ended after the deaths of both John and Charles, and went to John's son, also named John, who became John IV, Duke of Birttany.
    5
  3057. That was The UnXplained. They specifically asked me not to wear the bow tie.
    5
  3058. Ok, this is starting to anger me. No, no gosh darn it, I was making no political statement.
    5
  3059. That photo is just there to show a phalanx.
    5
  3060. Sorry- I meant no offense.
    5
  3061. First, we post on Fridays, not Thursdays, and second, it not being April Fools day means we can tell the story without fooling. If I posted this yesterday, how would you know that any of it was true?
    5
  3062. Washington was born in Virginia. But of course that was a time when Virginia was part of British America, and he was a British citizen.
    5
  3063. No worries on Patrean, it is purely voluntary. On YouTube you help me best by watching rather than skipping the ads.
    5
  3064. My father was career Forest Service and I am very familiar with the tool. I may do an episode on Ed Pulaski someday.
    5
  3065. U-505. I plan to.
    5
  3066. So do I!
    5
  3067. I misspoke- my apologies.
    5
  3068. I have a Bachelor of Arts in history from the University of Colorado at Boulder.
    5
  3069.  @jonathanperry8331  one represents a 17 pounder round, the other an 8.8 cm round. Yes, inflatable.
    5
  3070. scott garvey Virginia Wolfe (née Stephen) was Adrian Stephen’s sister, not Horace de Vere Cole’s. Horace de Vere Cole’s sister Anne de Vere Cole was married to Neville Chamberlain.
    5
  3071. Respectfully, I think you have an incomplete understanding of the breadth of American cheese-making.
    5
  3072. There is certainly disagreement over that issue. I mentioned it briefly at the end, but that isn't the focus of the episode. I'll leave cultural criticism up to other channels.
    5
  3073. Jay Lozier company H of the 5th Missouri Infantry
    5
  3074. Correct, I apologize for the error.
    5
  3075. Yes- it is called “crater field” and it is near Sunset Crater National Monument. There are some pictures of the blasting here: https://www.azcentral.com/picture-gallery/travel/arizona/road-trips/2019/06/29/apollo-11-moon-landing-flagstaff-arizona-meteor-crater-lowell-observatory-cinder-lake-crater-photos/1603863001/
    5
  3076. Oh gosh- fair point. Should have said the Seven Years War.
    5
  3077. A project as large as the Apollo Program was always going to require nationwide manufacturing support. Only a few companies had the capability of producing the complex components needed, and California was a hub of aerospace manufacturing.
    5
  3078. Curators today insist they would not have been destroyed, although there may have been reason to destroy the evidence. They may simply be lost somewhere in the vast museum storehouses.
    5
  3079. LOL a dozen or more?
    5
  3080. Dead Freight West or peturd.
    5
  3081. LOL. Propose that as a state constitutional amendment.
    5
  3082. I responded to your email- did you not get the response?
    5
  3083. NisoGTX thank you very much! I do plan to keep them coming.
    5
  3084. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGh1AXjLrFFbhOQmfI34hA9g
    5
  3085. I only happen to know because I happen to live in little Egypt.
    5
  3086. Those are, apparently, reenactors. I wish I knew the story behind the pics.
    5
  3087. Grand Forks does not have a Christmas tree, but the photos looked as if the bombers were parked in the same formation.
    5
  3088. Modern photos are rarely in the Public Domain. I respect copyright.
    5
  3089. Ah Sir Harry, an early James Bond. And a descendent of pirates...
    5
  3090. Eric Taylor absolutely true. Although the Andamamese are particularly close to extinction.
    5
  3091.  @gavindy_Sv2  I cannot see why it could be “creepy.” It is just a cat. And no one else puts cats on social media? Social media is mostly cats…. I am not using them as props. If there is a cat playing at my feet when I go to film, I pick it up. I am not going to apologize for my pets.
    5
  3092. The feed is up to YouTube. We post videos every Monday Wednesday and Friday and Podcasts every other Tuesday.
    5
  3093. I think it was recurring- but he so constantly suffered from chronic conditions that it is difficult to separate one from another.
    5
  3094. I am sorry to break it to you. You were the troll in that conversation. You could, simply, have chosen not to watch sponsored videos.
    5
  3095. Yes, i am sure i will have Korean war topics. There is a lot of history that deserves to be remembered!
    5
  3096. No. History doesn’t work on demand.
    5
  3097. TheBessNess 2016 I am not really sure what you are asking. Yes, I do put on the tie and jacket for the video.
    5
  3098. I’ll research that. The blade hanging was a gift from the people at the USS Texas foundation.
    5
  3099. According to the Chicago Crime Commission (CCC), 729 people were slain gangland style in Cook County, Illinois during the Prohibition Era from 1919 to 1933. So you'd have to be more specific.
    5
  3100. It sounds goofy, but next time I am in Philly I'll probably go see it.
    5
  3101. 1810
    5
  3102. Not at all strange, actually quite common.
    5
  3103. 9050 also included Marine units, as well as the Coast Guard. Another order authorized the citation for the Army and then Air Force. USS Pigeon was notable as the first Navy Ship to receive the award and the only US Navy surface vessel to receive the award twice during the second World War. Several submarines received multiple citations.
    5
  3104.  @QurikyBark32919  the liner used as a transport.
    5
  3105. Water cooled heavy machine gun actually.
    5
  3106. At the time it was called Queenstown harbor, and Queenstown is the name consistently used in the literature referring to both the base and the harbor.
    5
  3107. And Smarties are a different candy here in the US. There are some differences- the shells of Smarties are thicker, and they have a more distinct "crunch."
    5
  3108. I have been down that length of I-25 many times.
    5
  3109. LOL
    5
  3110. It is fair to say that the War for Independence was a Civil War in more than one sense.
    5
  3111. Noting the widespread impact that piracy had on world events shouldn’t somehow be interpreted as being “pro-pirate.”
    5
  3112. I think you probably mean USS Buckley. They threw coffee cups. https://youtu.be/YIBF4HwtANA
    5
  3113. Thank you for your service.
    5
  3114. Which wars? What period? I certainly cover prehistory, and do not limit to Western history.
    5
  3115. This channel covers all sorts of history. History is not always pretty, but it deserves to be remembered.
    5
  3116. That is a story I hope to tell in a future episode.
    5
  3117. It was always an initialism. In fact, NASA was also originally pronounced as an initialism.
    5
  3118. Special forces are not a branch, no. There are six service branches.
    5
  3119. Sorry for your loss.
    5
  3120. For exclusive content, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    5
  3121. I gave a brief mention of that at the end. There are several pictures online.
    5
  3122. While described as “rare,” “Solar blindness,”- damage to the retina from staring at an eclipse-is a real condition.
    5
  3123. I am sure there are multiple examples, although this episode focuses on modern jets fighters.
    5
  3124. Josep Sankhill the British army included millions of Commonwealth troops, as well as many thousands of volunteers from outside the commonwealth. There were some two million volunteers in Southeast Asia alone in what has been called "the largest volunteer army in history." Although English was commonly taught throughout the Commonwealth, certainly not all of these millions in service spoke English. While that complicates command and coordination, it is not an impossible barrier, and the British had relatively more experience leading diverse troops than other nations. The contributions of the millions who who volunteered, both from inside and outside the empire, are under-appreciated. Many played a role in the decolonization that occurred after WWII. Too, there were many who fought against the allies largely because of their dissatisfaction with colonialism. The Indian National Army was comprised largely of British-Indian POWs who had been captured in the Southeast Asia campaigns. Their cause was Indian independence, but they allied with the Japanese in order to serve that goal. The INA was an active participant in the battles of Imphal and Kohima, and their role, and the fact that they allied with Japan, is still a matter of controversy.
    5
  3125. Well, her picture.
    5
  3126. Likely not- as solar radiation will have ruined wires and components. The general consensus of engineers seems to be that it would be easier to bring a new rover than to try to fix one of the existing LRVs.
    5
  3127. https://youtu.be/dGC5TLPkL2s
    5
  3128. My oldest son works for me, writing several of the episodes. My daughter does some art for the channel, as shown in this episode.
    5
  3129. They are amazing guns, but the crews suffered from hearing loss.
    5
  3130. There are a few in here: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGgjh2UqFMz1VJmaeYGj3Vm5
    5
  3131. Many animals were left out - the episode is a brief and incomplete list, and more focused on the Soviet dogs. But there are two pictures of Ham at 1:39. His flight was historic in a couple of ways, being both the first non-human hominid in space and the first of the space animals that was more than just a passenger. I also left out the Alberts , whose flights in the 1940s were among the most dangerous (and deadly) of the animal tests. I don't rule out the possibility of doing more episodes on the subject, as there were so many projects and animals involved.
    5
  3132. Yes
    5
  3133. There was no return cargo, and the ship was riding high. A small amount of items were salvaged and sold at auction, but newspaper reports say that personal effects, including the Captain's chronometer,' were missing. The appearance was that the ship had been abandoned hastily, not that the crew merely disappeared. Ship remains did wash ashore, and there are some photographs of the wreckage into the 1940s, but it seems to be gone now, save for the bell and capstan, which are in the Graveyard of the Atlantic museum in Hatteras.
    5
  3134. To be fair, they were rarely used as a weapon (Olga of Kiev not withstanding) Even in war they have most often been used to save lives.
    5
  3135. That is a Range Clock. They were used to help direct a group of battleships to shoot at the same target.
    5
  3136. It is surprisingly similar to Spock's action in the Wrath of Khan where he used that exact line.
    5
  3137. I respect the TV meteorologists. We make them stand out in all kinds of weather.
    5
  3138. I talk more about the the distinctions in this episode: https://youtu.be/EypOHCv2JsY
    5
  3139. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    5
  3140. I seem to get in trouble whichever I use. But the point of the intro was to really help foreign viewers who do not seem to understand that flyover states that they can't even name are the size of entire European nations.
    5
  3141. It is comic that the two most common stanhope subjects you can still find on eBay are The Lord's Prayer and naked Victorians.
    5
  3142. No.
    5
  3143.  @danm6499  I assure you, that is not a discussion that Dr Stapp or I were trying to initiate.
    5
  3144. I pronounced Tachen the way is was pronounced in western newsreels at the time.
    5
  3145. I don't control the ads at all- that is done by Google.
    5
  3146. The Podcasts are being produced in addition to, not instead of, our regular YouTube format. We started producing the podcasts based on requests from YouTube viewers. Podcasts are released every two weeks and then posted here on YouTube approximately a month after release. While the podcasts will largely include scripts that we have produced in video format with additional commentary, we will also be including some original scripts unique to the podcast. Rest assured, we plan to continue producing videos on YouTube on our regular Monday/Wednesday/Friday schedule.
    5
  3147. I am not going to apologize for taking the occasional sponsorship. But seriously, Blinkest is cool and my recommendation is sincere.
    5
  3148. Kirk Claybrook I am not at all exclusive to US history. More on Canada here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjsQhkGslJuB3pRlmo_ppLV
    5
  3149. The good people at The Tie Bar provided the tie. You can buy your own here: https://www.thetiebar.com/?utm_campaign=BowtieLove&utm_medium=YouTube&utm_source=LanceGeiger
    5
  3150. The story of the USS Block Island is in this episode: https://youtu.be/YIBF4HwtANA
    5
  3151. I plan on it-
    5
  3152. Yes, a handful. Mark Felton did an excellent episode on them: https://youtu.be/9nAGbsjM5CE
    5
  3153. Researchers actually used the Peshtigo fire to understand how to create firestorms with incendiary bombs.
    5
  3154. That it is.
    5
  3155. Isaac Wilee I am doing a series on my hats for patrons on patreon. Www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    5
  3156. Not intending to patronize. Camels aren't much of a thing here.
    5
  3157. Certainly I did not cover their full history. They were interesting- some historians today describe them as libertarians, but others- Arthur Schlesinger notably, saw them as anti-capitalist. Their most consistent policy concern seemed to have been opposition to government involvement in banking. While interesting, they found little electoral success and never became a national party. They were known for splintering and being co-opted by the Tammany’s. But they so affected Van Buren’s banking policy that the Whigs took to calling the entire Democratic party (derisively) Loco-Focos.
    5
  3158. That idea was actually attempted by the government, but the animal got wise to it after a couple of weeks.
    5
  3159. Dustin Bess that is possible, yes. Although rabies is usually spread by saliva. I think the rabies diagnosis is quite credible, but a number of other theories are as well.
    5
  3160. How does it compare to Cujo?
    5
  3161. I appreciate your position. Certainly our goal is not to glorify organized crime. Our position is that, as with all history, familiarity with the past helps inform us for the present.
    5
  3162. nesa1126 different Black Hand
    5
  3163. I had the chance to meet and chat with him at Tankfest in Dorset last year. Nice fellow.
    5
  3164. Get well soon!
    5
  3165. Fair point. It is difficult to translate currency from 500+ years ago. Assuming the Venetian ducat, at 3.54 grams of gold, 150,000 ducats was the equivalent 531,000 grams of gold. Today gold values at $52.95 a gram, so roughly $28,116,450.00 in value of the gold.
    5
  3166. I have not done an episode yet focusing on the 1879 Anglo-Zulu War, but it was part of this story: https://youtu.be/YVh-qJjFSAQ
    5
  3167. I am saying that the mechanical harvester was invented as a result if the WWII program.
    5
  3168. No, the Templars were not involved. That is just a generic picture of knights.
    5
  3169. jsfbr it might be hard to research, but that is definitely a good story!
    5
  3170. As I said in the video- there were many legitimate discoveries.
    5
  3171. While you correctly represent the math of the Gregorian calendar, the calendar is still flawed. 365.24225 is the calculation of Sir John Herschel.
    5
  3172. I misspoke. I apologize.
    5
  3173. Yup- you can dig them up for free at Crater of Diamonds Sate Park.
    5
  3174. Doc Tar I have trouble dismissing the number of witnesses to Butch Cassidy’s return. Harry Longabaugh is less certain. I suspect Ethel simply lived out her life.
    5
  3175. xristos vasiliou the argument is that it was likely that it was poisoned- they had put out poisoned bait.
    5
  3176. Sandra Streifel the intent was to keep this about the Sigonella crisis, and not wade into the Palestinian debate.
    5
  3177. That could describe multiple scandals
    5
  3178. Or falling off a cliff....
    5
  3179. Mr. Hellman thank you
    5
  3180. It simply was too off topic. I hope to tell the story of HMS Bulldog and U-110 in another episode.
    5
  3181. Yes, they nearly went broke from bad loans in 1824.
    5
  3182. I was quoting the newspaper.
    5
  3183. Morgan Smiley according to Wikipedia, there are three different Bollywod films about the battle in production.
    5
  3184. Not that I can find record of. Units were still segregated at the time. There has been more attention on the role that Black marines played on Iwo Jima, and still I have never come across a mention of being a part of the provisional rocket detachments. However, Black marines on Iwo Jima were assigned to ammunition supply, so conceivably were helping to load rockets.
    5
  3185. Actually the intros are made using Viddyoze and it really is easy- simply dropping my logo into a template.
    5
  3186. Lol. The recency bias is a tad silly. I’ll stay out if the current politics.
    5
  3187. C. W. Johnson Jr I’ve not found a good book on the battle. A recent effort by John C Scott is more an attack on modern Islam than a history of the battle. The chapter on Tours from Sir Edward Creasy’s 1851 “Fifteen Decisive Battles of the World” is available online here: http://www.standin.se/fifteen07a.htm
    5
  3188. David Winslager nope. I bought the picture on Ebay. I have no idea who it is, but I felt like they still deserve to be remembered.
    5
  3189. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    5
  3190. It is an honor granted by the sovereign. The honor may be granted because of a royal connection, distinction in a specific battle or period of service. Such regiments will have the title "Royal" or "The King's (or Queens) own" in the regimental name. For example, the Tank Corps was created by royal warrant in 1917, given the title "Royal" by George V in 1923, and is now the Royal Tank Regiment. Many regiments today are the result of various periods of amalgamation- or combining historical regiments into a single regiment. If any of the legacy regiments bore the Royal title, that goes with the amalgamated regiment. In other cases, the title was granted upon amalgamation. For example, the 18th regiment of foot was given the title Royal by William III after service in the Nine Years War, becoming the Royal Irish Regiment of foot. After the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922 the unit was disbanded. But, in 1992 the Ulster defense Regiment was amalgamated with the Royal Irish Rangers, thus keeping the title "Royal" to become the Royal Irish Regiment. In fact, the Royal Irish Rangers had the title as a legacy, having been amalgamated from the the North Irish Brigade: the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers, the Royal Ulster Rifles and the Royal Irish Fusiliers.
    5
  3191. Those darned piratical outposts...
    5
  3192. I am not familiar with that channel and have no idea what he posts. No, I don’t copy other YouTubers.
    5
  3193. I use a program called Viddyoze
    5
  3194.  @freespeech9857  I have never in my life heard an American say “kee-low meter.” In fact, I have never heard it pronounced that way anywhere.
    5
  3195. He was well recognized and never encountered as a pod.
    5
  3196. The Jarbidge stage robbery- yes, it is on my list.
    5
  3197. acm#1985 it is a narrow difference, but important.
    5
  3198. Caturday Nite https://youtu.be/C4wi7ebOIWs
    5
  3199. Stephanie Meyer dreamed about a sparkly vampire, and now her unicorn does seem to expel diamonds.
    5
  3200. His name was George Walters. http://www.submarinesailor.com/biography/GeorgeWalters/
    5
  3201. Ironically I have not yet, given that an ancestor of mine was involved.
    5
  3202. It meant someone who got into the theater without paying. The newspaper is commenting on people who complained even though the spectacle was free.
    5
  3203. Yes, the Army operated blimps. The Army and Navy agreed that the Army would operate semi-rigid airships for inland and coastal patrol, while the Navy focused on rigid airships. The Army airship program was terminated in 1936, although airships operated until 1939. The Army was quite successful in the balloon races of the 1920s. They tended to enter more teams and finish ahead of the Navy.
    5
  3204. Too much pressure!
    5
  3205. Join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    5
  3206. I taught at NAU for seven years.
    5
  3207. I love a good tank discussion! I certainly don't mean to dis the Tank, Infantry, Mk III. But, at the time of the battle, the units were already scheduled to replace their Valentines with US M4s. I disagree that the Valentine was easily up-gunned- the turret and ring were rather small and difficult to modify. By the time that substantial numbers could be produced with a 6 pdr or 75 other models (Mostly the Churchill and the Sherman) were available. By 1943 the British had grown disappointed with the 2 pdr, so much so that they even liked the M3 (ewww.) The Valentine was a neat tank with good armor and a low profile, and reasonable speed and range given that it was an infantry tank largely put in the cruiser tank role. But, by Thala the British had realized its weaknesses versus the Afrika Corps and were looking to replace it. The 17th/21st lancers and the Derbyshire Yeomanry knew they were both outnumbered and that their tanks were not an even match for the 10th Panzer Division, and their defense was all the more gallant because of it.
    5
  3208. Yes, Mrs History Guy left three years ago.
    5
  3209. For US use they were only used by the Marine Raiders. While all the Raider battalions were authorized for them, only the First and Second were equipped with them, and only the Second seems to have used them in combat. They were also used by the Philippine Army and Constabulary. Reportedly, the USMC also used a few as long range sniper rifles in Korea- those would likely have been acquired from Canadian troops.
    5
  3210. You are correct that I do not specialize in Métis history. The channel covers a broad range of topics, and I am aware that every episode is likely going to be unsatisfactory to someone who focuses more narrowly on the topic at hand. But I certainly do not intend to pass on historical error. Please feel free to email me (under the about tab on the channel main page.) I can post corrections in the comments or description, and often do updated versions of episodes.
    5
  3211. It is, and the Tank Museum has a very fine example.
    5
  3212. That has been a source of much discussion. There is certainly, for us, no safe answer. Bottom line, our audience seems to be generally more comfortable with BC/AD, so we most often use those.
    5
  3213. No. I stopped at the 25th Amendment, which fundamentally altered the nature of the position.
    5
  3214. Respectfully, I believe I said 1862. But “an 1862” and “a 1962” simply sound very similar.
    5
  3215. Correct, New Zealand was there too, although no connection to April 29 of which I am aware.
    5
  3216. Lynda: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhO20iN9UfouaI4Y6mL5wsl
    5
  3217. Because news sources very frequently report on the past, especially when it might tie to current events.
    5
  3218. Almost certainly will.
    5
  3219. Jonathan Martin might suggest the same.
    5
  3220. No apparent relation.
    5
  3221. I have not, and even have a family connection to the orphan trains. I will add them to the list.
    5
  3222. I certainly intended no agenda. Please see the pinned comment for a discussion of the discrepancy.
    5
  3223. Respectfully, you apparently do not understand and you grossly misuse the term “revisionism.” In fact, revision is a common part of the discipline of history and not the pejorative that people seem to think. But, the term is (often quite ignorantly) used to Imply history that is factually compromised to serve an agenda. I express no agenda, have no personal interest in the reputation of the former president, and the information presented in this episode is factually correct to the best of my ability to determine it via research. I believe my brief comment is accurate. Mr Hoover’s history has more to it than the instance for which he is most remembered. Your complaint regarding historical events outside the scope of this episode is not evidence that I am engaging in “revisionism.”
    5
  3224. Thanks for pointing thar out. I can fix that…
    5
  3225. I find that is common among WWII vets.
    5
  3226. Mark Nerren it is in front of the chamber of commerce, which is an old train caboose.
    5
  3227. Happy to help out! (And way better for you than most drugs)
    5
  3228. scoobie331 I have sat for interviews, but I am not going to delve into current politics. That is a matter of principle for me. Any telling of history is going to have a perspective, but I sincerely strive to tell the facts and let listeners decide. I disagree with your apparent premise here. There is a role of race in history, and specifically in US history. It is not inappropriate to mention the role that race plays in historical events. The people referred to as “Black patriots” faced a different situation in America than many of the better known supporters of the patriot cause.
    5
  3229. https://youtu.be/h8ZGXnQAU7Q
    5
  3230. Fair point, Give the bug-eaters their due... ;)
    5
  3231. His narrative is unique, it tells a part of history that might otherwise be forgotten. History deserves to be remembered.
    5
  3232. Dean Stuart that is an interesting counterfactual, and just as interesting is that there was an Attempt by Britain to get America to join the alliance. My guess, though, is that competing interests is China and throughout the pacific would have caused a spilt absent the US demand. Relations between Japan and Britain were already strained before the Washington Naval Conference, and the Commonwealth, notably Canada, were clearly wary of Japan at the 1921 Imperial conference. The alliance was really about opposition to Russian influence, and that concern was fading, undercutting the entire rationale. The rise of militarism and ultranationalism during the Shōwa period was driven by a number of factors, including the Great Depression, and not primarily by the lack of allies. It just seems unlikely that the alliance would have survived.
    5
  3233. A bizarre and tragic incident. It is on our topic list.
    5
  3234. It was not a war against Islam, but particular states engaging in piracy. It is called "The Barbary War." That is not "political correctness," it is what the war was called.
    5
  3235. marbleman52 well, to be fair, most people who go to baseball games do not get shot.
    5
  3236. Narsus was famously a eunuch, but Belisarius was married to Antonina.
    5
  3237. @UC1wvXJGSL2bGESf9m3uFOZw the noxious ideology and horrendous human toll of the Nazi party are not in historical dispute. The “cultural impact” of “Americanization” was certainly far less violent and destructive than Nazi occupation. Estimates vary, but the number killed by genocide, the murder of hostages, reprisal raids, forced labor, "euthanasia," starvation, exposure, medical experiments, terror bombing, and in the concentration and death camps of the Nazis ranged between 15,003,000 to 31,595,000 people. That is not combat casualties- military or civilian- it is people murdered in Nazi occupation. German restrictions on pro-Nazi speech are not because the ideology is alluring to good people, but because it is dangerously seductive to bad ones.
    5
  3238. She is, thank you.
    5
  3239. A number of different ways. This one was written by Ms History Guy. She is a prolific reader and read a book on the subject.
    5
  3240. I might speak like an easterner, but am midwest through and through.
    5
  3241. I had to correct an error regarding the planet's orbit.
    5
  3242. Be sure to say hello!
    5
  3243. Three 14 inch 45 caliber guns salvaged from Arizona and relined were mounted as replacements on USS Nevada. Arizona’s two rear turrets were salvaged and used as shore defense batteries in Hawaii. I can’t find any record than any of Arizona’s guns went to the USS Texas.
    5
  3244. Yes, that encounter occurred April 9, and may well warrant an episode at some point. But, of course, that was an engagement between the Royal Navy and the Kriegsmarine, not the Regia Marina.
    5
  3245. https://youtu.be/VzObHsRsOx0?si=ggV7iu2wi3w51NTZ
    5
  3246. Well, were it not for such curiosity and gregariousness, the species might not have been domesticable.
    5
  3247. Pb 207.2 thank you!
    5
  3248. Strudel seems to be fascinated by filming. A budding new celebrity…
    5
  3249. Quite possibly yes, it is certainly little known.
    5
  3250. Michael Palin and Terry Jones.
    5
  3251. M. S. L. The area called the American Midwest is actually in the north central of the nation. The title has been in common use since the nineteenth century. It includes Illinois. In fact, to many, Chicago is the capital of the Midwest. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midwestern_United_States
    5
  3252. I was quoting a Florida newspaper
    5
  3253. Hi cousin!
    5
  3254. Have you tried cooking your French toast is a waffle iron?
    5
  3255. The term was because the German ships were nominally built to meet the requirements of the Naval Treaty, and, essentially, had battleship armament on a cruiser hull. I don't know why it is typically rendered as "River Plate" in British English.
    5
  3256. Happy birthday!
    5
  3257. Well, of course members who pay extra get extra perks. I don't know why that surprises you, or what you find untoward in that. Members got early access to Friday's episode, which subscribers and everyone else will get to see on Friday.
    5
  3258. I did not change any settings.
    5
  3259. Heidi Wiechert you read my mind! That will likely go out next week.
    5
  3260. What is there to say? Doug and Chappy promised to never speak of it.
    5
  3261. I will likely do an episode on K-129 and Project Azorian.
    5
  3262. There are still some ancient, stone-age peoples surviving today. I am not convinced that they should be discarded. They are, in some ways very adaptable- the Andamanese were, for example, hardly affected by the 2004 earthquake and tsunami. To say they must adapt or die is really saying that they must adapt to us. Maybe, from their perspective, that makes us the ones unable to adapt.
    5
  3263. Historical images aren’t easy
    5
  3264. Thank you, I am always very flattered by that comparison. Listening to Paul Harvey was also an influential part of my youth.
    5
  3265. The Glasgow Ice Cream wars will certainly change your visions of the neighborhood ice cream truck. The problem has been that we don't have any photos or media in the Public Domain. It might be a topic we eventually cover in our podcasts.
    5
  3266. https://youtu.be/8SLLd7X7dpA?si=e2K7GpOEgCs6xhws
    5
  3267. I thought it was a cruiser. Yes, he might be the most exceptional mortar crewman in history. Yes, I may well do an episode on him.
    5
  3268. Well, a boat may be thought of as a car in the time, and the cabin can be seen as the captain's house...
    5
  3269. https://youtu.be/wxzYgO2p6PQ?si=h7tZAV3RfjVwZthb
    5
  3270. I did say "technically," but, by the terms of the Anglo-Irish treaty of 1922, Ireland was a Dominion, that is legal fact. The status did not change with the Constitution in 1937, but with the Republic of Ireland Act in 1948.
    5
  3271. I could say that you are a "typical European" in your jingoism and arrogance, but that would be an unfair generalization given the millions of gracious Europeans who are welcoming and well-mannered. Instead I'll simply say that I carry no bias against Spanish wines, and certainly intended no insult to all the nations whose wines were not mentioned specifically in the episode.
    5
  3272. Yes, the CNN report was a retrospective
    5
  3273. Yes, the double meaning was intentional.
    5
  3274. That is from the 1943 film "We Dive at Dawn."
    5
  3275. I don’t know- the Russians are not very public about such things
    5
  3276. The resemblance doesn’t carry over to my bank account.
    5
  3277. https://youtu.be/E2383ElpU4U
    5
  3278. It is a great service. And sponsorships pay the bills.
    5
  3279. You can read Johnson’s book online at the Internet Archive
    5
  3280. Google picks the ads. I don't control that.
    5
  3281. Yes, I said so in the video.
    5
  3282. https://youtu.be/kbxrqQFetvI https://youtu.be/rkZuSc0WtJc
    5
  3283. Radiation was certianly a concern for NASA on the Apollo program (as it is for the ISS and was for Space Shuttle missions, which pass through lower parts of the Van Allen Radiation Belt.) The ballistic trajectory was carefully chosen to limit exposure, aided by the fact that the spacecraft had to be travelling at a high rate of speed in order to reach the moon. NASA doctors kept records on astronaut exposure, detailed here: https://www.nasa.gov/history/alsj/WOTM/WOTM-Radiation.html The doses indicated were far from lethal, but Astronauts did experience effects. This is math explaining why the transit was not a lethal dose of radiation. https://www.nasa.gov/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/SMIII_Problem7.pdf?emrc=549941
    5
  3284. Respectfully, it is a stretch to call the Confederate government of Missouri the "legitimate elected government," since the group only represented a pro-confederate minority and the vote to secede was apparently done without a quorum. The Missouri Constitutional Convention was elected, and voted overwhelmingly to oppose secession. Neither body could really be said to represent a legitimate, elected state government. However, the point is moot, as during the war military control was all that mattered, and, except for a part of the southwest early in the war, the Confederate Government of Missouri never exercised any real authority in the state. I do not believe we misrepresented the body in any way in this episode. Whatever "common theme" you imagine, after Pea Ridge the Confederate Government of Missouri was a government in name only, with no authority.
    5
  3285. The Mount Hood class ammunition ships were named after volcanoes.
    5
  3286. It is actually really interesting watching US propaganda films during the war touting the brave Russian defenders of freedom. A decade later the films were teaching kids to duck and cover in case the Russians attack.
    5
  3287. I'd love to see it.
    5
  3288. You make a good argument.
    5
  3289. The Boeing B-50. https://youtu.be/5rxcyQYaa7k?si=2FBPpjhzbELPogkF
    5
  3290. LOL
    5
  3291. It was my mistake. I am using the YT editor to fix it, but it takes a long time to process
    5
  3292. Billy Strong those were commonly called “quaker guns,” and they predate the Civil War. I might include them in a future episode, yes.
    5
  3293. I use a program called Viddyoze,
    5
  3294. Dave Finch yes, we quite possibly will. A sad story.
    5
  3295. There are certainly roads in the UK that they claim are two way roads that are in no way wide enough for two way traffic.
    5
  3296. John Gorrie was not Black. There were two Black inventors-- Thomas Elkins and John Standard- who made important contributions and earned patents regarding refrigeration in 1879 and 1891 respectively. but neither were from Apalachicola.
    5
  3297. It is really both the loss of land and the crop failure. “Land reform” had pushed tenant-farmers to smaller and smaller plots, creating dependence on a monocrop and thus making them more vulnerable to the blight. In general fields were not “empty,” but had been turned to cash crops for export.
    5
  3298. Canada https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjsQhkGslJuB3pRlmo_ppLV
    5
  3299. The museum tells me that our episode of Top 5 Tanks will air in September or October.
    5
  3300. Well, sorry, you are entirely incorrect. If you watched the episode, you might know why.
    5
  3301. That one is Pookie. He won't sit still for me, but will stay on her lap forever.
    5
  3302. Emelefpi I have too many catch-phrases..
    5
  3303. David Oliver it really is. I am not lying when I endorse it- I am a documentary junkie.
    5
  3304. The Romani have specifically rejected the name.
    5
  3305. Bradley Greenwood yup- that is the same Stockton.
    5
  3306. Fashion was important in Ancient Roman culture and politics. And yes, that is certainly history.
    5
  3307. Yes, although that seems to have been just a rumor.
    5
  3308. "Tora" was a nickname for Victoria.
    5
  3309. Ironic that despite anti-piracy efforts the pirates have remained.
    5
  3310. Well, the Portuguese never attempted a settlement.
    5
  3311. Good thing the world didn’t end…
    5
  3312. Yes .Victoria must certainly have passed on.
    5
  3313. tnerb tnerb I don’t know that I am better positioned to know his psychology. But I do personally suspect that his interest was far more in building a military reputation like his father and great uncle than in a noble death. His family gained its fame with military careers. It is not surprising that he would want to be involved when the army was at war.
    5
  3314. Dangerous duty indeed. https://youtu.be/eMGog4QJsIs?si=ARCEm9tv0eMcCrdo
    5
  3315. Play Supremacy 1914 for FREE on PC, iOS and Android:💥 https://s1914.onelink.me/TX2k/THG001 Receive an Amazing New Player Pack, only available for the next 30 days!
    5
  3316. They are listed at the Stone Creek Hunting Ranch south of Rolla. I don’t know if they have viewing options outside of hunting.
    5
  3317. As tempting as that counterfactual line is, trading it for a war in Latin America might not have been better.
    5
  3318. Jebi Se The argument is that English wagons had axles spaced for the ruts in Roman roads, which were still commonly used in rural England. When early mine carts were built, they were built by English wainwrights, who naturally used the same axle width. So, early mine cart tracks used the gauge based on the axle width of English wagons, which was based on Roman roads. Then early English train tracks used the gauge from early English minecart tracks.
    5
  3319. It is fascinating that it wasn't until the most recent restoration in 2011 that they made a really comprehensive study of the battle damage from 1918.
    5
  3320. I suspect you were in Kansas…
    5
  3321. Elizabeth Sohler it is simply a pun.
    5
  3322. https://youtu.be/SlzjfxqosFA
    5
  3323. Well, to be fair, the early Pioneer models mostly blew up.
    5
  3324. Honestly, that argument is overstated. The medal is awarded "in the name of Congress," and has frequently been referred to as the Congressional Medal of Honor. The Congressional Medal of Honor Society, whose membership are all recipients of the award, is chartered by congress. Adding the "Congressional" bit doesn't seem to bother the men who have been awarded the MoH. https://www.cmohs.org/about-the-society/overview
    5
  3325. There were a few of the plates that were based on specimens that he had acquired from another ornithologist that turned out to be South American species. There were no others where it has been questioned whether they were a species.
    5
  3326. LOL different person entirely....
    5
  3327. Indeed- the father of modern maritime navigation.
    5
  3328. I've tried to write it several times. I just don't feel that I have any particular insight to add to the controversy.
    5
  3329. Thank you for your service. The CAP is under-appreciated.
    5
  3330. Many were simply displaced without compensation- especially if they were renters.
    5
  3331. There is nothing “woke” about being intersex. I clearly stated the fact doesn’t change his reputation. The claim is based on solid evidence. No, sorry, I operated from no agenda, and frankly resent you so clearly misrepresenting the video to make that assertion.
    5
  3332. Doonsbury while I am not attempting to make any statement on current politics by presenting history, I do personally agree that we appear to be returning to an era where the city leaders meet and try to dictate what topics may be discussed,
    5
  3333. Yes, it is the Tanis from Raiders of the Lost Ark.
    5
  3334. Peedinkus correct. I Saudi it right the first time and then incorrectly said 544 after. That was my mistake.
    5
  3335. Feel free to email thehistoryguyyt@gmail.com with any details and we will research
    5
  3336. Lol no. His name is Pocky.
    5
  3337. Doctrinal heresies always seem an odd excuse for killing. Innocent III was reportedly afraid that difference among Christians would make Europe more vulnerable to Muslim invasion. If that was the fear, internecine war seems to only make the problem worse.
    5
  3338. Yes, they came here to escape religious persecution in England. No, they did not practice religious tolerance here. In fact, the entire idea of “purifying” the Church of England shows that they were not tolerant of other religious practices and saw things their own way. It is fairer to say that they came here to have the freedom to practice their religion as they saw fit. Like many colonists, they hoped for a place where they could order society around their own ideas. Yet their experience did greatly impact the religious freedom enshrined in the First Amendment. I find it dubious to claim that they left Leiden because they could not impose religious will there. They presented multiple reasons for eventually choosing to come to the New World.
    5
  3339. There is a specific reason for the Kit Kat difference. Kit Kats were produced by a UK company called Rowntrees, and, in 1970, Rowntrees signed an exclusive contract with the Hershey company to produce and sell Kit Kats in the US. But in 1988 Rowntrees was bought out by Hershey's competitor Nestle. Now Nestle was stuck with a large competitor having an exclusive contract to sell one of their most popular brands in one of the world's biggest markets. So Nestle is stuck with the contract, but Hershey only has the contract for the original, and Nestle will not license all the other flavors that are available elsewhere.
    5
  3340. Monkeys, both old and new world, do not make nests. Only the hominid apes, and a few species of lemur and loris, make nests.
    5
  3341. While the class was called by different names, the most commonly used was Fiji class, which is the term used by the Imperial War Museum.
    5
  3342. Very little seems to have been recorded about Isaac Johnson- virtually all information that you can find on him was taken from the patent application.
    5
  3343. Officially, the name was declared by the Continental Congress September 9, 1776, replacing the term "United Colonies." Unofficially, the colonials were commonly calling themselves "Americans" at least as early as the 1760s.
    5
  3344.  @AnonMedic  my understanding is that her cases has been thoroughly studied, and the protocol updated several times. It is being used more in South America, where the disease is a greater threat. But the odds are still against a person with symptomatic rabies.
    5
  3345. To be fair, Oda Benga’s treatment was shocking to many in his time.
    5
  3346. Yes, medieval knights used spurs- they were actually a symbol of knighthood, and figured in heraldry.
    5
  3347. That is Poky. He did get a little fidgety- he had important things to do.
    5
  3348. I think that you exaggerate. When the Mongols invaded Persia, an estimated 85% of the population was killed. The concept of war crimes did not exist in the time of Genghis Khan. For much of history, war more brutally targeted civilians than in the modern era, although there are all sorts of different kinds of deprivations, and many more have been killed by their own governments. The concentration camps during the Boer war were horrible, and shocked even Britons. But they could not fairly be called "genocide." Estimates are that some quarter of the people in the camps died. That is awful, a true crime of history, but clearly not an attempt at genocide. Your point is a stretch. I understand the desire to search for villains, and am always challenged as a historian, because if I chose your spin someone else would be yelling at me for being unfair to the Britons. (look at the comments under the episode on the Arracan affair.) It would be ridiculous to ignore the heroism of the Birkenhead because of the crimes of the past or future.
    5
  3349. Wow- I did not know that could happen at all. Is there treatment? I am sorry, that must be awful.
    5
  3350. Miles High included in this episode: https://youtu.be/cFHU0ElBwBg
    5
  3351. "Drains to the Arctic." That is North Dakota in a nutshell... ;)
    5
  3352. Yellowstone could actually be a supervolcano- a dreaded VEI 8.
    5
  3353. Not that we have been able to find. The later brews under the Falstaff name seemed to just be using the name, not the formula.
    5
  3354. Happy birthday!
    5
  3355. Daniel Fox I have ti book, we’ll get to it.
    5
  3356. https://youtu.be/P0QSUI9Kwmc
    5
  3357. There is a theory about Bacon being central to the translation and there being Freemason influence. But that is, more or less, a fringe theory or urban legend.
    5
  3358. Thank you for your service.
    5
  3359. I would love to see Mephisto. Many A7Vs were captured or taken and war booty, but they were scrapped. What is so special about Mephisto is that it was preserved- and that was a close thing, as it was displayed outside for years, and then badly damaged in the 2011 Brisbane floods.
    5
  3360. Thank you! I like it.
    5
  3361. There are many more stories to tell about Warspite
    5
  3362. History is a story, so it builds to a climax. Just because it is in the last three minutes doesn’t mean that isn’t what the story is about
    5
  3363. https://youtu.be/iWmdsAGgczs
    5
  3364. Tom Wagner it was the last use of a historic runway. It is quite amazing that they were able to recover the plan without having to dismantle it.
    5
  3365. None of what you just said seems to be an even vaguely accurate description of what I say in the episode. No, de Villiers was not being magnanimous, he was being practical. I don't know, nor do I suggest, duplicity in the translation, but Washington certainly did. Without question, though, the French were playing a game in which they were willing to portray Jumonville as a diplomat or as a soldier, depending on how it served them. He was at best a spy, and quite possibly sent to attack if he had advantage. All of that would have been common for the time, and does not represent the French unfairly. No one suggested they were "cowards." I am not sure if you have some "interesting" agenda to portray Washington in a bad light, but I think that I fairly present the facts and motivations of the principal participants in the episode.
    5
  3366. Not completely true. The guns had been moved, but were located and disabled by the Rangers. It is true that the guns that provoked the concern were not mounted that day, but the orders to the Rangers was not just to deny the Germans the use of the strongpoint at Pointe du Hoc, but to move inland, take the village of Grandcamp and assault the Maisy battery.
    5
  3367.  @MrCellophane60613  the orders to the Rangers were released in 2012, and indicate that the Army knew the guns had been removed prior to the assault. But they were still in the area and the strongpoint still a risk. The important point is that the intent of the assault went beyond Pointe du Hoc.
    5
  3368. I agree- history is history.
    5
  3369.  @TheCleric42  correct.
    5
  3370. Wiley Post was one of the three aviators to do a non-stop solo crossing of the Atlantic before Corrigan.
    5
  3371. Only out-of-date textbooks over which I wouldn't waste your time. This channel is where I publish.
    5
  3372. Well, if you think mass mailing credit cards is "something good."
    5
  3373. It is an inflatable representation of an 8.8 cm anti-tank round from the Tank Museum in Dorsett. https://tankmuseumshop.org/collections/inflatable-shells
    5
  3374. I have not done an episode on the coast watchers yet, no. It is on our topic list.
    5
  3375. The poem by Wilfred Owen is often mentioned in conjunction with Sargent's Gassed.
    5
  3376. That is an interesting question, as the etymology of the term is murky, and it has been applied to many people. Certainly the use of the term long pre-dates Bill McCoy, but it may have been used to refer to him at the time.
    5
  3377. "Worse' or "better" is relative. They are different. But, generally, the flavor of a Cavendish is not as bold as the Gross Michele.
    5
  3378. Yes, that is one of the kittens-her name is Strudel and she is about 22 weeks.
    5
  3379. Geoffrey Mowbray in fact, private William Griffiths, who won the Victoria Cross on the Arracan expedition, was still with the regiment at the time the Anglo- Zulu War and died at Isandlwana.
    5
  3380. Yes, some did apparently chew willow bark for tooth pain. Again, the concentration of salicylates is quite low, and it is not clear that had anything to do with the actual relief. Chewing and stimulating gums itself can reduce pain. In theory, just pure willow bark would likely cause upset stomach before its analgesic effects are felt.
    5
  3381. 1920 was an outlier- Oklahoma typically voted with the south. The 3rd district just happened to be a republican district.
    5
  3382. Fremen Warrior if Juarez was a “puppet,” what was Maximilian?
    5
  3383. Fremen Warrior sorry- I am having trouble following the reasoning that makes the French intervention somehow less egregious than the Mexican-American war. The wealthy who supported an Austrian emperor propped up by France were the patriots fighting for an independent Mexico?
    5
  3384. Fremen Warrior honestly a theocracy was not going to last. No, I don’t see the historical viability of the conservative/monarchist faction that you seem to. That form of government was dying throughout the world. As Juarez won the Reform War without the money from the McClane-Ocampo Treaty, I think you overstate the chances of a conservative revival. It is interesting to discuss what may have happened had the Senate approved the treaty, but I would not have taken it as a given that Buchanan would have achieved the goal of annexing northern Mexico. There was little enthusiasm for it. The McClane-Ocampo treaty is interesting. It is barely known in the US, and a unique potential impact of the Civil War, although there is some reason to think it still might not have passed the Senate. In any case, the US would likely have opposed any European intervention in Mexico in the nineteenth century, and the reform war debt was not enough for any European power to risk war with the US.
    5
  3385. I have heard the theory as well. History is always subject to interpretation. I have to admit I am rather skeptical of the claim.
    5
  3386. That is called “Highway Wildflowers.”
    5
  3387. Don Berry the bar was actually probably the most famous part of the Boeing 377 design. It was well known for its luxury and the high cost of operation.
    5
  3388. At about 120 au from earth, travelling at about 2.54 au per year, heading in the direction of the star Aldebaran in the constellation Taurus.
    5
  3389. LOL
    5
  3390. My mistake. I was wondering who would be first to notice. Only off by a millennium...
    5
  3391. Only partially. In 2015 Switzerland lifted the ban, but only for fully electric vehicles, thus allowing Formula E races.
    5
  3392. I don’t believe that I “glazed” anything.
    5
  3393. 5000 tons assumes the explosion would have also ignited two other munition ships nearby as well as railcars on the docks.
    5
  3394. Sunny CyclingSailing you are absolutely correct. Thanks for the correction!
    5
  3395. Yes, it is on our topics list. Thanks!
    5
  3396. If ships can have souls, Warpsite showed hers when she insisted on deciding her own fate.
    5
  3397. Colin Gibson well, none of the guards at Los Banos survived the attack. A good many of the guards from Japanese camps were tried for war crimes and either executed or jailed.
    5
  3398. Was one of my first episodes. https://youtu.be/_dQzYdFY_w4
    5
  3399. Yes, I left that discussion out. It was a very complex discussion largely based around legal issue and freedom of space. The US really wanted spy satellites, but were afraid that a military mission would lead to conflict, and wanted to establish rules in space based on "civilian" research first. It was an issue of complex discussion in the administration, but seemed to far afield for this episode.
    5
  3400. Intersex is not trans. Pulaski was certainly not trans. I am stating the facts as we know them, and nothing more. The implication has nothing to do with a modern political debate.
    5
  3401. applause
    5
  3402. You can view the video of Bessie Coleman here: https://youtu.be/XCgdU2oHt_0 The podcast is in response to many of our fans who like to listen to stories of history while working or traveling. The channel will continue to post videos on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday for those who prefer a visual experience. Thank you for being a fan!
    5
  3403. So do we, His name is Pocky.
    5
  3404. The only woman to be awarded the Medal of Honor. https://youtu.be/VzObHsRsOx0
    5
  3405. I sincerely did my best with the pronunciations. Thank you for the correction.
    5
  3406. Maybe, it was certainly interesting, but may be a bit too contemporary for the channel.
    5
  3407. korbell the incident throwing cups was in the action report, but the cups were not listed in the ammunition expended.
    5
  3408. Randall Marsh when two engines were lost the speed dropped substantially, so five hours of flight is not nearly the same distance. At the level of fuel consumption with the drag they could not make it to San Francisco or Hawaii.
    5
  3409. I think there are some potential topics there yes. Dan Rice comes to mind...
    5
  3410. If you wish to contribute to the collection you can mail to The History Guy, PO Box 1473, O’Fallon, Il, 62269.
    5
  3411. I don’t know when you read what you read. I also don’t know what you think the findings implied. The question was settled with the DNA match.
    5
  3412. Fair point- but your calculation is high. Using a standard inflation calculator, five cents in 1856 would be $1.38 today. That is high for a slice of watermelon, but hardly worth a riot.
    5
  3413. Agreed. It is not the loss of two aircraft, but the disappearance without a distress call and without wreckage. Gone without a trace.
    5
  3414.  @stacymcmahon453  the name predates the Germans- Venezuela means “Little Venice.” Although the name might have derived from an indigenous peoples name, the most common explanation is that the houses built on stilts on lake Maracaibo reminded Italian explorers of Venice.
    5
  3415. Certainly after the attack Kimmel himself agreed with you, recognizing his own failures. But the question of what they should have known or done is rather more complex. I would refer you to the 1995 Dorn report to congress, which gives a fuller understanding of the situation in the Pacific, and assesses blame more broadly. The report is available here: https://www.esd.whs.mil/Portals/54/Documents/FOID/Reading%20Room/Personnel_Related/16-F-1171%20Dorn%20Report%20on%20Kimmel%20and%20Short%201995.pdf
    5
  3416. I specifically discussed Rungholt.
    5
  3417. Yes, it is a compelling story of a name left off the list. That was one of the changes I made to update the episode.
    5
  3418. Thank you for your service!
    5
  3419. To be frank, I don’t care what you find “pretentious.” The Battle of the Greasy Grass is one of a few names that are generally recognized as referring to the battle. The name was not improperly used. You seem intent on finding controversy where it doesn’t exist. That is not my problem.
    5
  3420. It was History Guy with the sponsor thrown in.
    5
  3421. Looked like it hurt…
    5
  3422. That is Pookie. He was actually the first of the history cats to make it on screen.
    5
  3423. While the Gunnery Sergeant's name is mentioned in a reference, I have no more details about him.
    5
  3424. The story is more complex than that. The 747 was created because of request from Juan Trippe for a plane twice the size of a 707. The connection to the CX-HLS was that Boeing wanted to leverage the high-bypass engine technology developed for the C-5A. But the 747 was a new plane, not a "pivot" in the design. On their page Boeing explains: "The design philosophy behind the 747 was to develop a completely new plane, and other than the engines, the designers purposefully avoided using any hardware developed for the C-5." https://www.boeing.com/history/products/747.page
    5
  3425. Yes- same man.
    5
  3426. Actually, the Washburn Ichabods are named after Ichabod Washburn, an early contributor to the University. The University website says that he is unconnected to Ichabod Crane, although there is an undeniable similarity in appearance.
    5
  3427. Not any content- I just switched out some photos. Sometimes you have to conform I guess...
    5
  3428.  @barneyallen5377  I don’t think that you understand the term at all. We are not being deceptive as to the topic or content. The accusation can damage a channel. And how is the title not fairly descriptive of “the single most successful car to run?” You disagree, I get it. I don’t understand why you can’t simply have a conversation about cars rather than attacking the channel. I notice, for example, that you have not offered an alternative candidate.
    5
  3429. Funny thing is that I don't drink coffee. I've never actually had a PSL.
    5
  3430. Mike Barlow that was a shout out to the Rocky Mountains.
    5
  3431. Passenger Pigeons are an extinct wild species. Pigeons used to carry messages are some times called "carrier pigeons," although that is actually a misnomer, as English Carrier Pigeons are a different, ornamental breed.
    5
  3432. We'll wait and see, but people will have to focus.
    5
  3433. Geoffrey Mowbray you are absolutely correct. While the Japanese conquest in southeast Asia was surprisingly quick, that does not mean that the defense was not brave. The same is true of allied naval forces in the theater.
    4
  3434. Glad to help! Good luck on your test!
    4
  3435. A chaotic period in Mexican history and another chapter in the story of López de Santa Anna. It deserves to be remembered.
    4
  3436. LOL THG. The History Guy. Not THC- which is something entirely different...
    4
  3437. Lol
    4
  3438. Rudolf Höss- the Commandant of Auschwitz, not Rudolf Hess, Deputy Führer.
    4
  3439. Josh Geiger the Germans gad much the same problem, and actually emulated the tactics. Although, given the small size of the bomb load, the result was more about harassment than damage.
    4
  3440. I would have. The Navy has never compiled such a list that I could discover.
    4
  3441. https://youtu.be/Kqqy6ZyWYjc
    4
  3442. He left me.
    4
  3443. Yes, that was after the U-155 surrendered.
    4
  3444. Owing to an error in church records, his remains were eventually disinterred and put into a mass grave.
    4
  3445. As opposed to who?
    4
  3446. blacktar467899 you are completely correct, and thank you for bringing up the 6th PA. In fact, on further research, there were a smattering of other cavalry units armed with lances in the Civil War. The 5th Texas seems to have been the only ones who used the Lances in a significant charge. Reportedly Rush’s Lancers may have used them in some small skirmishes, but it sounds like they were unpopular and many troopers discarded them. After Valverde the remaining Texas lancers burned theirs.
    4
  3447. And the North controlled the railways better. the South did not take good advantage militarily. Still, as a matter of troop movement or supply, the railways were not nearly as central to the Civil War than in the First World War.
    4
  3448. bobo12dance some. I have multiple sources.
    4
  3449. LOL
    4
  3450. Wow!
    4
  3451. That was his cousin "Big Tim" Sullivan. "Little Tim" stayed in local politics.
    4
  3452. Correct- that is not the same plane that lost its tail over Savage Mountain. I could identify no Public Domain images of the actual B-52 from the crash. When photos of the actual events are unavailable, I use other images for illustration proposes.
    4
  3453. Remus definitely dealt in the illegal transport of alcohol on a massive scale. While the term "bootlegger" originally referred to smuggling- literally people hiding valuables in their boots, (there is disagreement over whether the term was British or American in origin) it was commonly used to describe both the illegal production and the illegal transportation of alcohol. Average people at the time did not distinguish the person running the still from the person moving the product. Illegal production is usually included in definitions of the term: https://www.dictionary.com/browse/bootlegger
    4
  3454. I simply do not hear it.
    4
  3455. 8aleph noted. While honorific, brevet ranks are included in a person’s title. I only call him “General Custer” once in the episode, but I don’t think it improper, as he was commonly called that at the time, and many officers continued to use their brevet rank titles as an honorific.
    4
  3456. I did, thank you.
    4
  3457. Certainly there was dissatisfaction with foreign rule. But the rebel leaders proclaimed no articles of faith that presaged a new political system. They did not offer any vision of an independent India. The movement represented by the Indian National Congress was different in that respect. It is far from clear that the rebels truly wanted independence, in that much of the dissatisfaction seemed to regard specific policies. And, again, most of India did not join the rebellion. It was largely put down with Indian troops. It was certainly a significant event. It was terribly bloody and destructive, but it did result in significant economic and political reform and a guarantee of rights. Whether it can truly be called a "war of independence" is really a matter of semantics.
    4
  3458. Yes, the Continental system and enforcing the blockade was the key issue behind the League if Armed Neutrality, and the United States had largely the same complaints.
    4
  3459. That has actually been the subject a fairly regular and spirited discussion in the channel. The short answer is that the British lost their dipthongs in the 1800s. Americans actually use both pronunciations. The famous "Route 66" is almost always pronounced "root." But when following a map, the most common pronunciation is "rowt." And an internet router is pronounced a "rowter"- I've never in my life heard anyone call it a "rooter." And we root for our sports teams, who, if they have a very good game, may beat the other team in a rout. To add a twist, Australians generally use the pronunciation "rowt," because the word "root" has a crass sexual connotation down under. There is a good explanation here: https://blog.oxforddictionaries.com/2015/06/22/9-pronunciation-arguments-you-can-stop-having/
    4
  3460. Bert Sedgwick that is roughly correct. The early Celtic Britons of the Iron Age had, after the Roman conquest, formed the Romano-British culture, which was, after the Romans left, slowly pushed out by Germanic invaders who became the Anglo-Saxon culture.
    4
  3461. I am not sure why you see the point as so significant, especially considering the topic of the episode is the fort itself. The central question was whether the South had the legal right to secede, and thus claim the former federal property. The South would likely have been perfectly happy to simply secede without war, at least initially, although it would have still likely ended in conflict in the west. But simple secession was never a serious option for the federal government, under Buchanan or Lincoln. If the "inconvenient history" to which you refer is that the federal government fought the war to preserve the union, I don't think that question was ever in dispute.
    4
  3462. Under the loose Articles of Confederation, congress had no ability to levy taxes. Financing was always creative. With due gratitude to France and Spain, they were involved to serve their own interests.
    4
  3463. The idea was that they sell raw materials and buy manufactured ones.
    4
  3464. He served mostly in the United States. He only deployed overseas in 1944.
    4
  3465. As was the American revolution.
    4
  3466. I appreciate my sponsors. They make it possible to keep producing episodes.
    4
  3467. I have not told that story yet
    4
  3468. https://web.archive.org/web/20151017032715/http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/archaeology/Publications/Hearths/Hominid%20Use%20of%20Fire%20in%20the%20Lower%20and%20Middle%20Pleistocene.pdf
    4
  3469.  @DOCKent-3339  I am sorry that you are disappointed that I did not produce an episode on another subject.
    4
  3470. LOL yeah, I do have trouble hitting the things
    4
  3471. USS Cumberland was sunk by CSS Virginia
    4
  3472. The Cat’s name is Pocky. I play WoW as well.
    4
  3473.  @johngregg5735  LOL, I actually did miss the decrypted pun. Guess it is too early in the morning…
    4
  3474. Thank you!
    4
  3475. I was so waiting for someone to notice!
    4
  3476. The supposed connection to Pat Garret's murder had to do with one of Miller's associates being in the area. I agree, I do not believe we can hang that one on Miller. Most historians discount the claim that he killed his grandparents as well.
    4
  3477. We post at 7 AM Central
    4
  3478. Tallest accessible building, not successful. It is the tallest building in Missouri that you can enter- the only structures that are taller are antennas.
    4
  3479. In the nineteenth century the natural abundance of America seemed boundless. Very few seemed to conceive of the idea that we might actually run out of something.
    4
  3480. Winston Deleon warfar is between combatants in war.
    4
  3481. Episodes are between five and fifteen minutes. The length of the video shows on the bottom left, so you know what you are getting into when you click play.
    4
  3482. The period when the Marshall Islands were a US Trust Territory was the result of WWII and unrelated to the Essex.
    4
  3483. It was too far off topic, but I certainly thought about it. You would not have thought those guards were placing themselves at risk.
    4
  3484. Yes, I use PowerDirector and collect the media from the Public Domain.
    4
  3485. Hey neighbor!
    4
  3486. Wright did eventually return to a field command in 1944, and then again behind a desk as commander of the 12th Naval District, where he would see more scandal.
    4
  3487. Yes. The story is that he asked that the money on him be sent to his wife and they said yes, He asked to wear his hat and coat and they said no.
    4
  3488. Still a disaster in American history. Its destination was New York, many of its passengers American and many more coming to live in America. Some of America’s most prominent citizens were among those who perished.
    4
  3489. National Mint Chocolate Chip Ice Cream Day is January 27.
    4
  3490. Thank you! We take all topic suggestions seriously, but we cannot guarantee when and if a particular topic will be produced.
    4
  3491. C'mon, not even a chocolate chip?
    4
  3492. https://youtu.be/LFTFCfcnqF8 - the pilot’s daughter actually contacted me because of that episode.
    4
  3493. Lol- I wish my bank account looked like his.
    4
  3494. I am sorry that you choose to be insulting and unpleasant. The Republic or Ireland did not exist until the Republic of Ireland Act came into effect in 1949. Between 1937 an 1949 the name of the nation was "Ireland," and the term "Southern Ireland" was commonly used to distinguish the state from Northern Ireland. While Ireland stopped participating in Commonwealth Events after the passage of the Constitution of 1937, there was still a vestigial role for the king under the Irish External Relations Act of 1936, making Ireland nominally a Dominion. Those powers were moved to the president under the Republic of Ireland Act after the events described in the episode. The Statute of Westminster 1931 gave the Dominions parliamentary autonomy. The Dominions were independent nations in 1940, and none were obligated to go to war. I apologize at my pronunciation. I am an American. Wing Commander Finucane was called "Paddy" by his comrades in the RAF. Take your complaint up with them. If you are attempting to claim that the UK was worse than the Third Reich, I strongly disagree. The comment about ignoring German atrocities has nothing to do with British treatment of the Irish. The criticisms I mention at the end are commonly argued within Ireland, and I am offering no insult by mentioning them. I believe the episode to be accurate, and did not intend, nor do I think it can be reasonably inferred, to pass judgement on Ireland's choice of neutrality. If you have chosen to take offense for some reason, I cannot help that. I can say that at least tens of thousands of Irishmen found the cause to be just enough that they chose to fight on the side of the allies.
    4
  3495. Eamonn Prunty https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eckenbrecher_Tropische_Landschaft_in_Deutsch-Ostafrika.jpg#mw-jump-to-license
    4
  3496. I don;t much either, to be honest. And I still found this history interesting.
    4
  3497. I wouldn’t say that naval gunfire was ineffective. I’d say that it wasn’t as effective as some might have hoped. Certainly the troops on the ground appreciated naval gunfire support, and there was always concern when they had moved beyond the range of the guns.
    4
  3498. That is the NASA pronunciation
    4
  3499. Not yet.
    4
  3500. The appearance of the cats in episodes occurs at their discretion.
    4
  3501. We are now posting on Rumble.
    4
  3502. But, of course, the Lotus 34 was a generation after the Maserati. You can hardly compare a car built in 1938 to one built in 1965. The Lotus 38 raced a total of three years- finishing first in '65, second in'66 and did not finish in '67. The Boyle Special - and that was just one car, not the whole model series- had two wins, two third place finishes and one fourth place finish.
    4
  3503. The personal union occurred with the accession of James VI of Scotland as James I on England in 1603.
    4
  3504. Yes it was.
    4
  3505. tlalotoani that was the pandemic of 1889/90, called the Russian Flu. The theory is that people who were exposed in that pandemic might have had partial immunity. That doesn’t really explain why the death rate was so much higher for young adults in 1918, but it might explain why the curve was marginally lower for older adults than would be expected.
    4
  3506. We talked about the audion tube in detail in this episode: https://youtu.be/OuFlISa73Sw
    4
  3507. I agree, although I prefer to tell the story and let the listener make their conclusions. I do not wish to turn anyone off of history because I am too forcefully inserting my opinion. That is a constant challenge for a historian.
    4
  3508. The nickname came from his troops during the War of 1812 and refers to his toughness, supposedly as tough as an old hickory tree. Some accounts suggest that people intervening saved Lawrence’s life, as Jackson would have beaten him to death, while others suggest that Jackson had merely moved towards him, but not actually struck him. Lawrence seems not to have been badly injured, and instead said that his fear was that the cane might, as was not uncommon at the time, conceal a sword.
    4
  3509. Please learn some basic manners to keep the conversation civil. If you do not wish to purchase a product, don’t. But don’t insult the nice people who were kind enough to sponsor my channel, nor the decisions that might be made by others.
    4
  3510. That was Hans-Ulrich Rudel.
    4
  3511. Interestingly, both sides thought the other were acting like pirates.
    4
  3512.  @DanGoodShotHD  it was a direct quotation. But I am no more on board with the ever-changing game of sanitizing language. What other race would European settlers have been? Why is “settlers” less offensive? Respectfully, you created the outrage here, no one else seems to have found any issue with the historically correct quotation.
    4
  3513. The Titles of Nobility Amendment was never ratified- Americans may receive foreign titles.
    4
  3514. Yes, another bit of forgotten history.
    4
  3515. Yes, Rick Schroeder portrayed Charles Whittlesey in a 2001 film about the lost battalion.
    4
  3516. That is a good question. I couldn’t find any reference that tied the game token to a specific animal. But the token is clearly a Scottish Terrier, and was introduced in the 1950s when much of the public would have been familiar with Fala.
    4
  3517. Wow- I did misread that. He says "two periods in hospital. " Thanks for the correction! Two years did seem quite a lot.
    4
  3518. It was a station up until the last building, when the routes were changed. You are correct- it is a terminal. The cufflinks are mercury dimes.
    4
  3519. Thank you!
    4
  3520. It would have been ironic had it been Remington, since he was related to Eliphalet Remington, who founded Winchester competitor Remington Arms.
    4
  3521. Correct- it was not the first enunciation of the idea, but the clearest description of the need for second strike capability.
    4
  3522. Great Leaps are awesome, but this channel is forgotten history.
    4
  3523. Paul Draver yes it did.
    4
  3524. I mostly got malaise era garbage- a Pinto, a Hornet. The only classic I got was an early’70s Tempest that was rust colored. I don’t know what color it originally was, but it was rust colored by the time I got it…
    4
  3525. Yes, the very large Kuiper Belt is named after Gerard Kuiper.
    4
  3526. Some 100,000 troops were evacuated from Gallipoli in hospital ships.
    4
  3527. Lol. Wow.
    4
  3528. The Fisher brother of Fisher Body were not apparently related.
    4
  3529. No, it was actually 5 watt thermal aqueous homogeneous reactor. I don't make any assumptions about any amount of radiation, I quote an analysis that linked specific cancers to pollution form SSFL.
    4
  3530. That is correct, there was brutality on both sides, and the Native Americans tended to torture captives and desecrate bodies. Sand Creek, however, was still notably brutal and unjustified and even shocked the Army. My goal was not to take sides, but to describe how events connected. Some do take issue with the claim that the issue at Little Bighorn was the repeating rifles.
    4
  3531. Lol. No special test is required.
    4
  3532. Yeah- pom and pron have very different meanings.
    4
  3533. Talked about the Goldsboro incident in this episode: https://youtu.be/yIrSBmG46n8
    4
  3534. It is possible- certainly it was within the animal's historical range. The Mississippian depictions, though, show claws, scales, and forked deer antlers, and seem to be associated with water.
    4
  3535. Weren't a lot around at the time. Thanks for sticking with us.
    4
  3536. I cannot imagine sitting under 106 depth charges in three hours. Those were brave men.
    4
  3537. There are virtually no photos of the gauge change. I just used a lot of old Railroad photos. Photos in the channel are in the public domain and are used for illustration only.
    4
  3538. Why?
    4
  3539. Yes, heart wrenching. I though it was telling that that is what came to his mind after getting the formal recognition the association sought. Those were real people we lost.
    4
  3540. surferdude44444 yup. The early standards were somewhat loose. Certainly he was no Alvin York.
    4
  3541. "Yankee ingenuity" generally refers to the inventiveness of American culture, including embracing diversity of experience.
    4
  3542. That was hardly the subject of the episode. But yes, Von Braun was a member of the Nazi party and Major in the SS. He was lead scientist at a facility that used slave labor. And many of the scientists brough over during Operation Paperclip played important roles in the US space program.
    4
  3543. Polls seem to suggest that American Samoans largely like their current status.
    4
  3544. Glad you like them!
    4
  3545. I lived in Flagstaff for 11 years
    4
  3546. There were no reports of deaths. I think there was enough of a roar to give warning.
    4
  3547. Sleep is important.
    4
  3548. I am not sure what your point is. There are numerous contemporary newspaper reports of the aurora borealis being seen at latitudes far south of where it had been seen before. I have never before heard someone question whether the event occurred. It was a widely noted phenomenon at the time.
    4
  3549. Your wish is granted - https://youtu.be/NaYEqTeMcK0
    4
  3550. https://youtu.be/Nkzkcia-7lc
    4
  3551. Rather significant violence in some places. But the generic advice to eat fewer avocados deprives people of their source of income. Developing sustainability given demand is a real challenge.
    4
  3552. lexington476 Ms History Guy narrates occasionally
    4
  3553. That was inspired by a different incident involving USS Bowfin.
    4
  3554. The "Great Blue Norther" of 11/11/11 https://youtu.be/jGK7dWd8o6Y
    4
  3555. Harold Ellis that is one story, yes.
    4
  3556. rodden1953 the reason that I did not include that story, which also varies as to whether it was coincidence or deliberate, is that the timeline doesn’t fit, as Tate offered surrender after dark.
    4
  3557. It was called both the Utah War and the Mormon War.
    4
  3558. He predates Sherlock Holmes, and is not a fictional character.
    4
  3559. They are American heroes. The title implies nothing different.
    4
  3560. Several viewers seem to be offended that I posted this compilation during Black history month. To be clear, I do not reserve topics featuring Black heroes to the month of February, nor do I reserve my posts in the month of February to Black history. To me, history is history. But I see nothing untoward in posting this compilation of videos this month.
    4
  3561. The chalk horses are truly awe-inspiring.
    4
  3562. In the episode I say there were twelve AGM-69 SRAM missiles on board. That number comes from an interview with Eric Schlosser, the author of Command and Control. A couple of viewers have pointed out that the internal load was only eight missiles. According to the Air Force description of a B-52, the bomber could carry up to twenty SRAM using the internal load and external pylons. Given that the Air Force has never released details of the incident, there is no definitive answer regarding how many missiles were on board. The only official confirmation that nuclear missiles were involved is the partially redacted transcript of the 1988 congressional hearing. The estimates of Dr. Batzel regarding the potential impact were, presumably, derived from the actual ordinance on the aircraft at the time of the incident. The picture demonstrating the “Christmas tree” is Minot AFB, not Grand Forks. GFAFB had a single large pad, although aircraft were arranged in a Christmas tree formation.
    4
  3563. Actually no, and certainly not in the early twentieth century when it was associated with German culture.
    4
  3564. We post every Monday, Wednesday and Friday.
    4
  3565. I will have some episodes out on Vietnam, yes. There is a lot of history to do!
    4
  3566. Fort MacArthur was a later fortification of the Taft era, established in 1917, but it did include disappearing guns and 12 inch mortars. Although the fort hosts an annual fundraising event commemorating the battle of Los Angeles, the fort's web page does not indicate that the fort was engaged that night. Certainly its large batteries were not used.
    4
  3567. The Bonesaw .. yes, SL-1 is on the list- thanks!
    4
  3568. He didn't quite say that...
    4
  3569. This was nearly a century before confederation. Canada didn’t exist yet. But, as Newfoundland is today part of Canada, then Newfoundland history is part of Canadian history.
    4
  3570. Thank you for your service!
    4
  3571. Discussed here: https://youtu.be/DKz_2Fhy9NM
    4
  3572. In reference to New Zealand. The interesting part of the musket wars was that they were the impact of mere trade with Europeans, not conflict with them.
    4
  3573. Thank you!
    4
  3574. No- it is a reference to the way the magazine is fed into the firearm. They embrace the term.
    4
  3575. That is terrifying, given the way the one exploded in 1983. Thank you for your service!
    4
  3576. https://www.btimesonline.com/articles/105181/20181123/u-s-pushes-hard-build-sr-72-hypersonic-fighter.htm
    4
  3577. Bunga Bunga!
    4
  3578. Thanks, I did my best!
    4
  3579. NAT HEISLER that is the estimate for the first seaworthy vessels, and depends upon a particular theory regarding the early habitation of Australia. As that discovery goes far back into prehistory, there is no way to date it precisely. In fact, there is evidence in south east Asia that seaworthy vessels predate homo sapiens. Some suggest dates well before fifty thousand years ago. The oldest seaworthy boat is not the topic of the episode, but as far back as fifty thousand years is not unreasonable. http://www-labs.iro.umontreal.ca/~vaucher/History/Prehistoric_Craft/
    4
  3580. I did not create the term- "Battle of Brisbane" is what it was called in the press at the time, and the way it is commonly referred to in historical discussion.
    4
  3581.  @douggoodhill  Respectfully, I think you are incorrect. I watch many documentaries. Most modern documentaries use digital enhancements on historic images. Your standard seems unrealistic, as historic images have to be digitized for editing software today. You seem to work from an antiquated standard. “Doctored” usually means somehow altered in order to deceive. I have no idea what image in this episode you think has been changed with the purpose of deception or misrepresentation. The only alterations done was using software to improve image resolution. But, to be clear, I am a YouTube content creator. I do not have a documentary budget. The images used are public domain images collected digitally. I am not in a position to travel the world and collect original images. Moreover, as the video description notes, the images are used for illustration only. I do not represent them as being exact, as, obviously, there are not extant public domain high resolution images of all historical events available.
    4
  3582. South Dakota is Coyotes and Rabbits.
    4
  3583. Me too.
    4
  3584. I get quite a few topics from viewers.
    4
  3585. What in the title is not exactly descriptive of the content?
    4
  3586. It required special permission from the Governor.
    4
  3587.  @frenzalrhomb6919  obviously I don’t control YouTube policy. Now, half the recommendations screen is shorts, cutting in half the opportunity for people to see my content recommended. I do not want to be left off half the YT screen. No, YT doesn’t make the shorts- we do. Shorts are not a huge amount of effort, and they offer another way to present my content, possibly to audiences that has never seen it. They’ve also allowed ways for me to bring attention to older episodes. Like all content, it is easy to skip if you don’t like the format. It is very easy not to watch shorts if you don’t like shorts.
    4
  3588. Bottom line, though. If you are watching the long form when it releases: 1) I appreciate you! Thank you! and 2) No, no reason to watch the short, which is really there to drive someone to the long form.
    4
  3589. He was actually demanding to be held
    4
  3590. So far not demonitized.
    4
  3591. Sadly, though, wars tend to get more views. I love all kinds of history.
    4
  3592. I recall in the 1980s Crays were talked about with near reverence. Now our cell phones are more powerful.
    4
  3593. Mike L Yes, I promise more videos on Canadian history. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjsQhkGslJuB3pRlmo_ppLV
    4
  3594. They have not come knocking at my door yet.
    4
  3595. This is a podcast. We post videos every Monday Wednesday and Friday. Podcasts are posted every-other Tuesday.
    4
  3596. What lie did Eddie Grant die for?
    4
  3597. Told that story in this episode: A History of Ice Cream https://youtu.be/skpmoCsTk14
    4
  3598. Please all keep the conversation civil.
    4
  3599. I was quoting the director of the museum of United States History at the Smithsonian.
    4
  3600. Another town named after the Potosi silver mines. Moses Austin came to the area in the 1790s to open a lead mine, and obtained a land grant from Spain. He built his mine and a town around it and named it after the Potosi mine in Bolivia. Potosi is an awesome little town with a lot of history, but I find it ironic that a town built around a lead mine was named after a silver mine.
    4
  3601. @ yes. That is a model of the Spanish training ship Juan Sebastian de Elcano. Juan Sebastián de Elcano - Explorer and Ship https://youtu.be/wFjYiXRINKo
    4
  3602. James Upham Pluto has an orbit that sometimes carries it inside the orbit of Neptune. From 1979 - 1999, Pluto was still considered a planet, but was not the outermost planet. In 1983 Pluto was the eighth planet from the sun, and Neptune’s was the outermost orbit for Pioneer 10 to cross.
    4
  3603. I missed Wednesday this week- as you might notice in this episode, my voice has been hit by a head cold.
    4
  3604. I have quite a few. They are a common tourist item at a number of historical sites. I pick them up at antique or second hand shops when I can.
    4
  3605. https://youtu.be/E2383ElpU4U
    4
  3606. Thank you! I have quite a number of links…
    4
  3607. The bizarre part is that it was accidentally disabled by German engineers, or it could have been recovered.
    4
  3608. https://youtu.be/UObIsmmGD-A
    4
  3609. https://youtu.be/qBkw9zFtqZc
    4
  3610. I highly recommend this excellent book: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/32145.Stiff
    4
  3611. https://youtu.be/fUz5SPHqV5Y?si=2u8Qz7beBwMLSo10
    4
  3612. It was undoubtedly a war crime.
    4
  3613. Paul Hasser yup- really depends what part of the state you are in.
    4
  3614. Thank you! I was in various types of corporate sales for many years. This is more fun...
    4
  3615. The war started a month after his death. But the Orders of Council, which were the drivers behind the war, we very much his concern.
    4
  3616.  @VespasianJudea  that is the acrylic stand that comes standard.
    4
  3617. I do not control the advertisements. That is controlled by Google. Please do not fault my (or any YouTuber's) efforts for things I do not control.
    4
  3618. Munitia Blastpaw you are not punishing YouTube in any way. You are punishing content creators, and dislikes affect whether a video is recommended. It is like kicking your dog because you are mad at the mailman.
    4
  3619. Five
    4
  3620. I have no idea how that fits with atypical genitals, but millions of people who are, in fact, intersex might be convinced that God made them as well.
    4
  3621. The French ceded claims to Canada after the end of the Seven years war in 1763. These rebellions were against the British colonial government.
    4
  3622. https://youtu.be/BElQES_Dh0Q
    4
  3623. https://youtu.be/Dh2d2uQ6gps https://youtu.be/o4o68Lt3fXM
    4
  3624. Yes, I did go over time. In my opinion, people can be as extreme as they like in opinion, but ideas must contest ideas, not violence. As Skokie shows, extreme ideas can spake valuable conversations.
    4
  3625. Yes, I may well do an episode on William Bligh.
    4
  3626. Research suggests that 34 of the 56 signers signed on July 4. August 2nd is somewhat misunderstood, as it represented the slightly amended version after the New York delegation received permission from the legislature to approve. Even then, delegates signed essentially as they came in. There was never a single mass-signing. Actually, the celebration was called 'the Fourth of July" as opposed to 'Independence Day" from the start. Reporting on the first celebration in 1777 in Philadelphia, for example, the Virginia Gazette wrote "Thus may the Fourth of July, that glorious and ever memorable day, be celebrated through America, by fans of freedom, from age to age, till time shall be no more." While it says 'the Fourth of July, being the anniversary of the independence of the United States of America, was celebrated" nowhere does the report use the term "Independence Day." While the federal holiday is officially 'Independence Day," the distinction was apparently unimportant to the founders. Jefferson's letters frequently mention the Fourth of July, and often note it being "the anniversary of the country's liberty" or "the anniversary of American independence." However, he never seems to have actually called it "independence day."
    4
  3627. I think most Americans would understand that sentence. It is certainly in my vocabulary.
    4
  3628. Sad story....
    4
  3629. Jeremy Ardley careen also means “to move swiftly in an uncontrolled way.”
    4
  3630. Wormell.
    4
  3631. Only kind of true, as the British captured a good number of the French and Spanish fleet at Trafalgar.
    4
  3632. Happy birthday!
    4
  3633. But I don't want to eat rump steak.
    4
  3634. In this episode: https://youtu.be/B_3FsfmevnM
    4
  3635. Derek Mills this event. The original poster mentioned it. I am pretty sure that Keystone relies on county deputies. https://youtu.be/OR0EwnGnp2I
    4
  3636. In Strategic Air Command he flew the B-36, not the B-47.
    4
  3637. Brian Cullen that is the name of the place.
    4
  3638. The issue was not so much marrying his cousin, but that the girl was not interested, and Ephriam was a liberal who thought she should be able to choose her own husband.
    4
  3639. I wish my bank account looked more like his.
    4
  3640. https://youtu.be/GqCqayC5NIY
    4
  3641. Greg Devlin wow! Thank you for your service! I am sorry for the error- I corrected it in the updated version here: https://youtu.be/jDcog2ZP684
    4
  3642. Sometime it is small corrections, sometimes it is to add a bit of new information, and sometimes it is because I found some new media that I want to show. In a couple of instances it is because YouTube has demonetized an episode (those are not copyright issues- it is a content complaint, although the reasoning is usually obtuse.) and I want to see if making some changes will solve the issue. In this case, I decided to add more about Joseph's time in the United States, which I did not discuss in the original episode.
    4
  3643. The lessons that the British learned in the Second Boer War were absolutely essential during the Great War, as was the reorganization of the army and the rise of a new class of officers (some good, some not so much.) Despite its horrors, it is difficult to imagine how much worse 1914 would have gone for the BEF were it not for the lessons learned in the Second Boer War.
    4
  3644. If so, there seems to be no record of them. There was certianly some sympathy, or at least perception of common aims, among the IRA. Some may have provided some support for a spy network, and a few politicians had positions that seemed supportive of Germany. But none of that seemed to come to the point of Irishmen leaving the country to fight on behalf of Germany. Brady and Stringer seem to have been the only Irishmen in the SS. A handful of Irishmen might have been recruited from POW camps, but they generally have been seen as doing so as a means of escape rather than any actual support of the axis, and the Germans do not seem to have trusted them enough to actually deploy them.
    4
  3645. An interesting fellow and largely forgotten founding father.
    4
  3646. Yes, sorry. My mistake.
    4
  3647. Ed Price the Battle of the Atlantic started before America entered the war- the Germans and British were contesting the Atlantic from the outset of war. In general the beginning of the Second World War is considered September 1, 1939 with the invasion of Poland.
    4
  3648. Both terms were used, both at the time and in the episode. It is spelled Chosin.
    4
  3649. Dandelions and Civilization: A Forgotten History https://youtu.be/xyePMeGE3CI
    4
  3650. Typical British understatement
    4
  3651. Maybe that is shifting https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/feb/28/the-legume-boom-how-we-went-nuts-for-posh-peanut-butter
    4
  3652. Incidentally stumbled on this while researching this episode. Ira Gershwin's home movie of Liza Minnelli's birthday party: https://www.loc.gov/item/mbrs02062159/
    4
  3653. https://youtu.be/75RVHe8KJTk
    4
  3654. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjsXS5Pu1rEN0-mNjbHoggo
    4
  3655. Timmy R the story largely comes from a biography where we don’t know the author, so it may be exaggerated. But we do know from Chelsea pension records that she existed, that she served while “dressed in the manner of a man,” in the war, and that she received multiple wounds in that service. The story is certainly credible in that there are numerous such stories documented from numerous wars.
    4
  3656. sam rizzardi that is a terrifying story, and an unexpected consequence of war. Thanks for sharing!
    4
  3657. My understanding is that the schedule is not quite ready yet.
    4
  3658. HMS Campania is an interesting story- she missed Jutland because they missed the message to sail. It was an older ship when converted, and always had equipment issues. She sank in a squall in 1918.
    4
  3659. That is a prop phaser from Star Trek. A bit of pop culture history.
    4
  3660. There are hundreds of stories- many many heroes.
    4
  3661. MuricaForever this suggests still no director or release date. https://www.comingsoon.net/movie/escape-of-the-pacific-clipper
    4
  3662.  @VikingTeddy  to be fair, place name pronunciations are never consistent in English. I used the pronunciation used by a historian in a local Scottish news report.
    4
  3663. And much of the argument is rather confusing from the Western perspective.
    4
  3664. I don't think that is an accurate description. There was no plot by the US to take Texas from Mexico, more or less to create a slave state to balance the senate. Anglos who moved to Texas were generally not doing so with the thought of independence, nor of joining the US. It was largely internal Mexican politics that slowly estranged both the Anglo and Tejano population from the Mexican government. In fact, the free state vs slave state issue that you mention largely arose from the acquisition of the western territories that were gained as a result of the War with Mexico, which was the result of Texas Annexation. There was a role of slavery, though, in that Anglos that had immigrated to Texas had been allowed to bring their slaves. There was some movement within Mexico to ban slavery, and that was a part of the motivation for revolt.
    4
  3665. YT “context” isn’t a “disclaimer.” But no, I don’t know why YT thinks my audience doesn’t know what the Apollo program was…
    4
  3666. There are, in fact, two sides to every war. Many more, actually, with the Great War.
    4
  3667. D Hoffman yup, it is strange, but it is a word.
    4
  3668. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    4
  3669. Yes, modern translations would have been heresy.
    4
  3670. The rocks were literally quarried away several feet deep.
    4
  3671. I did not say that directly, no, although we credit the IMS Museum at the end, and show some photos of the car in that museum. But the Boyle Special is on display that the Indianapolis Motor Speedway Museum. IMSmuseum.org
    4
  3672. I have no idea. I got the picture in as part of a lot on Ebay. I was sad that someone sold it, but apparently whoever knew who he was is no gone. Still, I thought he deserved to be remembered.
    4
  3673. Frater Sol They were looking to unify. The North German Federation was created in 1867, and Bismarck was looking to leverage patriotic impulses in order to get Bavaria, Wurttemberg, Baden and Hesse to join. I don’t know that you would call this “the time of the First World War,” as the Franco Prussian war was in 1870/71, 44 years ahead of the Great War. But this was certainly the period of German unification, which officially occurred on 1871. Concern that this would create too powerful a state on their border was a significant motivation for war in France.
    4
  3674. I believe you mean Eddy Grant. Different person entirely. ;)
    4
  3675. The log was missing, along with the captain’s instruments
    4
  3676. I left out the INA role in the battle because I feel that the INA deserves its own episode. It simply would have taken too much time away from the discussion of the battle to explain who they were and why they were there, and that would still have been unsatisfying without then discussing the later history of the INA and the role in the independence movement, and at that point it wouldn't have been an episode about the battle of Imphal anymore.
    4
  3677. Piasa
    4
  3678. We are working on sound...
    4
  3679. For most of the existence of the medal, it has required that the action be in the face of the enemy. For most of that period, women have been excluded from combat roles.
    4
  3680.  @devinjeremias4493  kindly stop spamming my page with your junk.
    4
  3681. ytg50162011 there is question about that claim, which she denied. I do not take a position on whether she was a heroine. There is certainly disagreement as to her legacy. Per usual, our goal was the tell the history.
    4
  3682. There are many more instances- this was in no way an exhaustive list.
    4
  3683. I have several pairs now after our glassesUSA.com sponsorship
    4
  3684. Bradley Greenwood there were certainly mixed opinions. Some officials at the time suggested he should be punished for carelessness. But apparently they bowed to public opinion and he was awarded an Order of the Red Star.
    4
  3685. No, that is the History Sister-in-law, our business manager Carolyn.
    4
  3686. When Brutinel built the first eight Aurocars the Vickers was not available, and he acquired twenty Colt Machine guns. After the original eight, subsequent Autocars used the Vickers.
    4
  3687. Not generated- a low quality image has likely been cleaned up with an AI tool at some point.
    4
  3688. https://the-history-guy.creator-spring.com/listing/THGPirates?product=227 https://the-history-guy.creator-spring.com/listing/THGPirates?product=46 https://the-history-guy.creator-spring.com/listing/THGPirates?product=46 https://the-history-guy.creator-spring.com/listing/THGPirates?product=526 https://the-history-guy.creator-spring.com/listing/THGPirates?product=794
    4
  3689. Actually, in this case, it meant digging rocks.
    4
  3690. Tomorrow, yes.
    4
  3691. More about the Sikorsky R-4 here. https://youtu.be/tMrYmy4pabc
    4
  3692. Dr Fox was an officer in the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps. While assigned to the Coast Guard, officers of the PHSCC wear the uniform of the Coast Guard with PHSCC insignia. That is not a Navy emblem, but the fouled anchor of the PHSCC. While similar, the most obvious difference without closer inspection is that the badge of the PHSCC is all gold, while the Navy emblem has gold anchors, but silver shield and eagle.
    4
  3693. The Big Bang is very definitely prehistory.
    4
  3694. They were not, in the end, held responsible and the accident seems not to have affected their military careers.
    4
  3695. SPL-316 I do not- sadly, whoever it is is not me.
    4
  3696. Agreed. It was a poignant moment in the book.
    4
  3697. We are taking no stand on the president. I agree about the history- we talk a lot about the era- prohibition, Woman's suffrage, the rise of the automobile, the Influenza epidemic. Yet I find few who recall these events.
    4
  3698. For exclusive content, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    4
  3699. At least 22 of the 28 did die in the battle, just not on the way described. Their names were simply picked from casualty lists. In fact, the regiment lost nearly 100 men in the fighting that day.
    4
  3700. Halifax was far bigger.
    4
  3701.  @stevenjennings197  that one is Strudel
    4
  3702. Agreed. Much like the Doolittle raid, the psychology of a conflict changes once the home population realizes that they are at risk.
    4
  3703. Yeah, today the press might not mention it. But no question, she was a beautiful woman.
    4
  3704. Steven Lower it would make a good film. It was so super- secret at the time that mist of the men in the unit never told their families what they did in the war.
    4
  3705. Geoffrey Mowbray he has many friends in high places. Theodore Roosevelt Jr. accompanied him when he enlisted. But it doesn't seem that he was treated with any particular favor.
    4
  3706. He really was. He got off a train, a fugitive who barely spoke the language and literally didn't have a dime, and made a life, That took a lot of courage and intelligence. As a tennis pro and ski instructor he hung out with the rich and famous, and had some exploits that would have been a remarkable story even without the "escaped POW living on the lam" angle.
    4
  3707. Domonic acid is at least suspected in some dolphin deaths.
    4
  3708. That legend seems to have originated in an advertisement a century after his death.
    4
  3709. Interesting event- we'll add it to our list of topics. Thanks!
    4
  3710. To watch the newest episode of The History Guy
    4
  3711. My Mom gave me the tie and square. Because History Mom loves me.
    4
  3712. george martin Werra’s was certainly an epic story.
    4
  3713. I respect your opinion. but history is history, and if it is sanitized it is a poor learning tool. I offer no excuses for history- as that is a fruitless endeavor.
    4
  3714. This episode was actually filmed pre-haircut Monday, while yesterday's episode was filmed a few hours later post haircut, so it does appear that my hair grew quite a lot between the Wednesday and the Thursday episodes.
    4
  3715. You mean, would a 747-200 have broken apart? That is impossible to tell. On paper, this plane should have.
    4
  3716. Don Nelson thank you for your service
    4
  3717. John Petry I don’t know if it is agenda or just sloppy application of obtuse standards
    4
  3718. A few towns in Norway appear to be the only places outside the US where the Fourth of July is regularly celebrated.
    4
  3719.  @traceythompson1092  we might well have an episode on the Second Anglo-Afghan war, which, with the notable exception of not losing a whole army, definitely was reminiscent of the first.
    4
  3720. Xolani Mncube I never claimed that he did.
    4
  3721. I am not sure what you mean. We usually produce twelve episodes a month, only two of which will be sponsored. Also, as a patron, if you watch via the link provided on Patreon the sponsored content is removed.
    4
  3722. Actually heroes of World War One
    4
  3723. I might so an episode or two on the New Zealand Land Wars.
    4
  3724. I went with the "Americanized" pronunciation, simply because me trying the Dutch would have been an insult to the Dutch.. Actually, if I understand correctly, the G is not sharp, but more of a hard "H."
    4
  3725. The Italian Navy was formidable in the era, and a true threat to the RN that was stretched thin. It was the timid use of the the Italian fleet that was notable.
    4
  3726. As is Sargarhi day.
    4
  3727. Really, they become important after they stop being Vice President.
    4
  3728. https://youtu.be/Cuo1sia2-EI?si=dtNXXBmyRXu60-eA
    4
  3729. I have tried to write a script on USS Liberty. The story deserves to be remembered, but I do not think that I can do the controversy justice in my short format.
    4
  3730. I did mention the pacific territories, although that was not the focus of this episode. I cannot cover then entire war in the pacific in fifteen minutes. Please!
    4
  3731. I apologize for the error
    4
  3732. No- the K-19 was a different submarine and a different incident that happened in 1961.
    4
  3733. Thank you for your service!
    4
  3734. Gene Park possibly so- those were 1930s westerns. Quite a few never renewed the copyright and are in the Public Domain.
    4
  3735. 7:26
    4
  3736. Well, to be fair, everything we think we know about 3000 + years ago is, at best, and educated guess.
    4
  3737. South Dakota's Record Breaking Weather https://youtu.be/4auMcmLsMB8
    4
  3738. Various reasons, but they were both political pawns and politically ambitious as well.
    4
  3739. morskojvolk I am pretty sure the Anglo-Saxons agree. :)
    4
  3740. That is another story
    4
  3741. What they actually wanted was a place where they could practice their religion as they wished. But their story, both in terms of their persecution in England and their own persecution of others in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, greatly impacted the freedom of religion as defined in the First Amendment.
    4
  3742. I am not sure if that was true in Toronto- I did see a reference that talked about pay for carters, but I think the fire company was truly volunteer.
    4
  3743. longlakeshore it is on display at the National Museum of Health and Medicine in Silver Springs Maryland.
    4
  3744. He was talkative today.
    4
  3745. Thanks you for your service.
    4
  3746. Whether he appears in a video is completely up to him
    4
  3747. Happy birthday!
    4
  3748. Correct, but twenty were originally planned and on the mission calendar.
    4
  3749.  @TheTunnellTake  YouTube us a podcast platform as well. We post three videos a week. We release the podcasts in addition every other Tuesday. If you don’t prefer podcasts, you can skip those.
    4
  3750. My skin has not turned to stone. Nothing in the product will do you harm, it is quality. I appreciate my sponsors. If a minute and a half of ad is just too much for you in exchange for my efforts, maybe try not to be so selfish. When you insult a creator’s sponsor, you directly harm that creator. Sponsorships are an essential part of paying our bills. No one is forcing you to buy Geologie, but many will appreciate the ad. Please, just choose at least to be quiet rather than attacking our livelihoods. It takes as much time to write your complaint as it does to watch a brief advertisement.
    4
  3751. A frigate equal to a British frigate. It was a long wile before we'd build a ship of the line.
    4
  3752. Thank you!
    4
  3753. I talked more about Farnsworth in this episode: https://youtu.be/DONjMa99jvk
    4
  3754. Bastogne became important when they were held at Elsenborn.
    4
  3755. I don’t know that a radioactive space heater is the best idea
    4
  3756. One of the first trips when a B-29 was completed was to Newfoundland. We wanted to confuse the Axis regarding whether they were to be deployed in Europe of the Pacific.
    4
  3757. The two did coexist for twenty-eight years.
    4
  3758. It was fun!
    4
  3759. Everything Nick that is a really interesting idea that I hadn’t thought of. I will look into it. Thanks!
    4
  3760. I promise to display it when it arrives.
    4
  3761. Some historical pics of Indigenous Peoples included women whose breasts were uncovered. The content is exactly the same, but a few photos were switched out to, essentially, exclude pictures of women.
    4
  3762. Most recent is probably a more fair name.
    4
  3763. Sorry- 2:54
    4
  3764. Yes, Pilot Timothy Lancaster. That was BA flight 5390 in 1990. Quite a harrowing story,
    4
  3765. It is not a matter of “have to.” We appreciate that Magellan TV supports our channel by sponsoring with us. The length of the ad is typical of sponsored content.
    4
  3766. Steven Arentsen you are off by a decade. Independence came in 1947. In 1943 it was the British Indian Empire, with a Viceroy.
    4
  3767. That is just a reproduction. Unfortunately no ancestor was considerate enough to pass down his saber. ;)
    4
  3768. I didn’t go anywhere…
    4
  3769. Echoes of the same arguments.
    4
  3770. I think it is at least not uncommon for historians to connect the War with Mexico to the US Civil War, as expansion of slavery in the southwest territories was the key issue in the 1860 election.
    4
  3771. 1580 was the Geneva Bible, which had an impact on the King James Version released in 1611. Both are mentioned in the episode.
    4
  3772. William Mallon lol yeah, the building pictured was completed in 1963 and is now called the Met Life building. There wasn’t anything else in the public domain, so I went with it.
    4
  3773. I suspect you mean the 106th running of the Greatest Spectacle in Racing. And, no, I won’t be present. We love working with the great folks at the IMS museum, but we tend to avoid May, as they are rather busy that month.
    4
  3774. I did read about your grandfather- sources seemed to differ as to whether it was the sheriff or the "bomb warden" who contacted Dalhart. I am sorry that I left him out. I also intended to mention the sign in the conclusion and for got that too! Thanks for bringing both up!
    4
  3775. That footage is from a German propaganda film about the invasion of Yugoslavia and Greece. The whole film can be watched here: https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AInvasion_of_Yugoslavia_and_Greece.ogv
    4
  3776. I'd be afraid my dreams would disappoint..
    4
  3777. Torpedoes had electric motors by then. I wonder where the alcohol came from.
    4
  3778. For US naval guns the barrel diameter is expressed in inches and the barrel length is expressed in calibers. The four-inch-fifty-caliber gun has a barrel diameter of four inches and a barrel that is fifty times the diameter- or 200 inches- from the breech to the end of the gun. That is different than the shorter four-inch-forty-caliber guns used on the Columbia class armored cruisers. The guns initially used on Wickes class destroyers were the four-inch-fifty-caliber Mark 9.
    4
  3779. I used the map to show the Pacific theater, but the label is "Allied landings 1942 - 1945."
    4
  3780. You'd prefer the Nazis won?
    4
  3781. The Lightning Count He simply ignored any attempt to engage, because it was more fun for him to accuse me of bias. It wasn’t his politics, it was his choice to be insulting and uncivil literally on a post where I asked for civility.
    4
  3782. Richard McCaig I can make my channel about whatever I wish. Don’t presume to tell me what you opine I am obligated to discuss and then bluster about censorship. That is a rank hypocrisy. Of course the purpose of learning history is because it informs us about the present. But if history is told with a political motive, that pollutes the history. I work, as well as I am able, to tell the facts of history without skewing them to fit some view of the political present. I leave it to those who view the history to make their own conclusions. If you think the job of a historian is to write history to fit the present, I simply disagree. I believe a historian should not be taking a political stance, and, if they do, that suggests the history they tell is suspect. It is difficult to walk the line of telling history without bias, and I have not always been successful. But it remains my ideal, and I will strive for it. You are incorrect that I “want no discussion of a political nature.” Viewers are free to have those discussions, so long as they remain civil and do not violate YouTube policy. What I strive for is not to impress my political opinions on the telling of the history, and thus foist them on the viewer. And if you seek the typical vitriol of political argument, I do suggest that you choose one of literally billions of places online where that is the expectation. If you call that censorship, fine. I am not the government. This is my channel, and I have an absolute right to set limits on what we discuss in my house. If you don’t like it, make your own channel. That is the meaning of freedom of expression.
    4
  3783. Mark Hilton the AEF was a conscripted force. The war was highly unpopular in the US. In fact, Wilson had won the election on the motto "he kept us out of war." One of the most contentious debates in American history had to do with the administration trying to prohibit the distribution of pacifist literature to draftees. I don't think the difference lies there, although the Americans were certainly not as exhausted as the other allies, who had been drafting soldiers for half a decade. In terms of the Meuse Argonne, of course the American sector was only part of a grand offensive. The Americans had the advantage that the exhausted Germans were pressed all across the line. The entire allied offensive found success. To that extent, simply adding nearly a million new troops into the conflict shifted the balance. The Americans certainly deserve a share of credit because, quite frankly, the allies needed the troops.
    4
  3784. USMC General David Shoup said of him "He may be red, but he's not yellow."
    4
  3785. @ the script says colonists too, but I understand the confusion.
    4
  3786. Sorry- 2:54.
    4
  3787. JSB103 certainly- the decision would have had to have come from the president himself, and the order itself from somewhere higher up than the pilots. But, likely, the Administration and command had already decided the rules before they took off. The important question that is still not declassified is whether the Administration had authorized a shoot-down, even as a last resort. My feeling is that if there was ever specific intent to shoot the plane down, I think they would have included missiles in the ordinance. I think it was, essentially, a bluff. Had the pilot refused their orders, I don’t think the Administration would have taken the political risk of shooting the plane down.
    4
  3788. Possibly- I have some good photos of the U-58 crew at fort McPherson.
    4
  3789. I would say that we in the colonies paid our debts to the Island.
    4
  3790. He was commissioned an ensign when he entered the Navy after graduating the Academy in 1936. When called into the reserve after Pearl Harbor yes, he was commissioned a Lieutenent, as would have been common with many reserve officers with previous experience. He wasn't one of those USNR "ninety day wonders," he was a graduate of the Academy who had already served on a destroyer.
    4
  3791. George Semel yes! Another interesting story!
    4
  3792. I got umbrella lamps, and thank you for noticing!
    4
  3793. There is a new Dreadnought class ballistic missile submarine planned.
    4
  3794. TR and Harry Truman would be the first to tell you that their experience as Vice President was not significant. The claims about the insignificance of the office are not my assertion, but overwhelmingly come from those who held the position.
    4
  3795. No- this is my only tumbleweeds episode
    4
  3796. That is an ad for some patent medicine for ague.
    4
  3797. doverh3 that is an interesting hypothesis, but a 33 million year old cryptid is a tough sell.
    4
  3798. It is true that decomposition differs based on conditions, but most plastic diapers are placed in landfill. The stat is correct, not a lie. I certianly don't oppose biomass energy, but plastics can release toxic chemicals when burned. My point was not to say "plastic bad," and I certainly am not diving into a debate on global warming. But, unquestionably, the characteristics that make plastic desirable make it an environmental challenge as well.
    4
  3799. The line referrers to the second Barbary War.
    4
  3800.  john mac  https://youtu.be/F4z5-l7u2Uo
    4
  3801. Ryck Rarick agreed- watching in horror. What a terrible loss.
    4
  3802. There have been 46 Administrations, but only 45 men have served as president.
    4
  3803. It would not be true to Caesar Cardini's original recipe, no.
    4
  3804. The mint's role was about creating the depositories- the goal of the video was not to try to unravel FDR's monetary policies.
    4
  3805. Thanks!
    4
  3806. No worries, I just blew the dust off the treadmill.
    4
  3807. It came as a result of the capture of Napoleon III and the collapse of the Second French Empire. As the episode was following Napoleon's story, I didn't go down that path of discussion.
    4
  3808. I want to stress, I am NOT a physician,. I am not recommending that anyone use any drug, I am just telling its history. The use of aspirin to reduce cancer risk is a matter of intense study, with conflicting findings. Your doctor will consider your risk factors. There is a huge body of work, studies and meta-analyses available if you Google the question and like the rabbit hole The specific mention of 11 comes from this: https://www.thehealthsite.com/news/11-types-of-cancer-can-benefit-from-new-aspirin-compound-5536/
    4
  3809.  @iKvetch558  I don't mean to be argumentative, but that is not how LeMay described the decision in "Superfortress : the story of the B-29 and American air power."
    4
  3810. He didn't have a good idea of the value of the dollar r what a guitar might cost, and had brought $800 with him to the store.
    4
  3811. They did, yes. Quite a good navy in fact. Their fluyts did not disadvantage them, as the practice of building merchant ships that could be armed as warships was not terribly effective.
    4
  3812. No love for pronouncing Chartres "charters?"
    4
  3813. Yes, an interesting controversy. Julie Andrews got her justice via the academy award for Mary Poppins.
    4
  3814. By 1947 the French had purged German former SS from the FFL, but they did not seem concerned with the background of foreign soldiers like Poles and Russians who had been in the SS. Some five thousand former Japanese soldiers stayed behind and joined the Viet Minh. Exactly how many were Kenpeitai is not known. Ho deliberately gave them false identification papers to prevent identification should they be captured. While there was a well known novel that suggested that there was an actual battalion of former SS fighting for the FFL in Indochina, the novel is fiction. As the former SS and Kenpeitai did not have discreet units, it is impossible to know whether they faced direct combat. Almost certainly there were battles, including Dien Bien Phu, where they did fight in the same battle.
    4
  3815. I don't think he'd approve. He doesn't like to be the story, and is actually somewhat salty about even including his name. I was stunned to hear that he finally actually retired. I only got to work with him briefly, but he is a truly astounding individual and a walking encyclopedia of the Indy 500.
    4
  3816. He developed a blood clot on his lungs. He was nineteen- a very friendly gentleman, and much loved.
    4
  3817. A recent article suggests that there are only around 24 planes made by the Alexander company still in existence. There is an Alexander Eaglerock on display at Denver International Airport on concourse B.
    4
  3818. While once, apparently, blue, I would describe its primary color as “rust.”
    4
  3819. Respectfully, that is a colloquialism, not a pronunciation. It is never grammatically improper to fully pronounce an acronym.
    4
  3820. LOL- well, most are artifacts, and I don't wear those. But I do have a few that are reproductions that I put on from time to time.
    4
  3821. There were enough ships for them both.
    4
  3822. It is an intriguing possibility, and the way that it was identified- by having a doctor review the case anonymously- is credible. It is impossible to prove without pathology, and there are some questions about that diagnosis. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/still-mysterious-death-edgar-allan-poe-180952936/
    4
  3823. https://youtu.be/IHFMFD2TbYM?si=gFju5R2xoAEaEcBf
    4
  3824. LOL sorry, we have not done the history of tequila yet.
    4
  3825. While there is some academic discussion, in the field of polemology a civil war does not require a fight for control of a central government. Fights for regional independence are generally considered to be civil wars in both academic and geopolitical parlance. Moreover, the leadership of the Confederacy themselves referred to the war as a civil war at the time. In the north the war was more often referred to as a "rebellion," but in the field of polemology a rebellion that rises to the level of a war is also called a civil war. Too, the term "civil war" was still commonly used in the North as well, evidenced by Lincoln's reference to "a great civil war" in the address at Gettysburg. In brief, the claim that the term is a misnomer generally relies on generic dictionary definitions, which can vary. But the American Civil War was a civil war by both the historic and academic use of the term. Most importantly, the people involved in the conflict referred to it as a civil war at the time.
    4
  3826. It is a Knights Templar Masonic hat. Very similar to Knights of Columbus, but different emblem.
    4
  3827. I am so sorry for your loss.
    4
  3828. Yes, very many stories to tell.
    4
  3829. Aces were included in the 20 cards yes.
    4
  3830. There is good evidence that he was popular as monarchs go. The people were not particularly shy about showing displeasure in France. But I agree, a moniker only means so much, and most people were likely too far removed to offer opinion.
    4
  3831. Thank you for being a fan!
    4
  3832. I don’t think so.
    4
  3833. I am aware of it- it may be an episode yes.
    4
  3834. They both continued their careers. I think it was just part of the sport at the time. McGraw went on to be a manager and Hall of Famer. Tucker had a good career, but his loud mouth in the end left him neither a favorite with fans nor fellow players.
    4
  3835. Levittons were controversial because they only allowed white families. It would have been irresponsible not to mention that. I do not understand why a chosen few are so sensitive to facts they do not like. I did not fabricate the controversy. it is history, whether you like it or not. I should be able to expect more of you than to receive this petty gripe.
    4
  3836. The US Navy was enormous by the end of the war. I don’t know where you came up with the number 15- 18 Battleships and 14 heavy cruisers participated in the invasion of Okinawa.
    4
  3837. The Renumerator that is an early picture of Major General Alden K Sibley. I got the picture when I acquired his hat.
    4
  3838. Thank you!
    4
  3839. You'll be well situated in 2044.
    4
  3840. I think they most wanted a wider navigation channel.
    4
  3841. That is how NASA pronounced it.
    4
  3842. They do lots of stories on rail history.
    4
  3843. Nicholas was not descended of Victoria. He and George V were cousins via Christian IX of Denmark.
    4
  3844. Thank you for your kind words!
    4
  3845. That was my mistake to leave there. Those are clips from Captain Kidd (1945) with Randolph Scott and Charles Laughton. The movie is in the Public Domain, and I used a few clips and forgot some at the end. The full movie is here: https://archive.org/details/CaptainKidd1945RESTORED
    4
  3846. There is an awful lot of history!
    4
  3847. LOL yes it is.
    4
  3848. I did. Too many people were complaining that the episodes were more than five minutes.
    4
  3849. Harrison Ford!
    4
  3850. The original ancestor was an indentured servant.
    4
  3851. Captain Kidd, (1945.) Thankfully for me the studio never renewed the copyright and it is now Public Domain.
    4
  3852. Sorry- I did not
    4
  3853. Did what? Only one experimental P-38 mounted the Merlin engine.
    4
  3854. A guy we called "Stinky" in college is now a state senator.
    4
  3855. Thus, I am told, entitling to free coffee.
    4
  3856. I cannot speak for the sponsor, but my globe- based on a 1790 globe -has no such mark.
    4
  3857. Paul Ryan please email us at thehistoryguyyt@gmail.com
    4
  3858. I mean no disrespect, and do not intend to take sides in a historical conflict, but I think your comment is not quite in line with the historical record. The Boer armies had been defeated in the field and the "conventional" war was over before the camps were created. The conditions in the camps were horrible, and there is no apology for them, but it is unfair to compare them to the Nazi camps, where extermination was the goal. There were real horrors in the second Boer war with which the empire has to come to grips. But, in my opinion, we need to keep the historical context.
    4
  3859. We know little about William Rogers as a person, even his birthplace is a matter of speculation. Thus it is difficult to tie him to other people with the same surname.
    4
  3860. To my knowledge, the Jamaican Maroons have little connection to the BLM movement. Per usual, I was intending no statement on current politics.
    4
  3861. We may do an episode on the Silver Arrows, although it is difficult to find enough Public Domain images. Note, though, that those represent multiple cars, not a single dominant car like the Boyle Special. We do talk a little about the auto-union and the Mercedes racing in this episode: https://youtu.be/0n8pv9L1fko
    4
  3862.  @comicus01  covered it in this episode: Operation Chrome Dome and the Palomares Incident https://youtu.be/yIrSBmG46n8
    4
  3863. They need direct light, and so don't work well in the studio where I use umbrella lamps. The new one in front has a lamp on it just off camera. Trust me, put them anywhere where there is good natural light and they go just fine.
    4
  3864. LOL My bank account begs to differ.
    4
  3865. That is an interesting comparison, although there were certainly some imperialist overtones in South Africa that were lacking here. You cannot remove the Jameson Raid (I do plan an episode on the raid at some point) from the ambitions of Cecil Rhodes to create a British East Africa. But there is a similarity in the situation of foreign immigrants coming for a mineral rush and seeking political representation.
    4
  3866. It is a good service.
    4
  3867. There are two accepted pronunciations. I used the pronunciation in the video because, given poems that were published in newspapers, it is clear that is how it was being pronounced at the time.
    4
  3868. Species are preserved through cultivars- clippings that are grafted- creating a genetically identical tree. Golden delicious trees are not made from seeds, they are made by grafting branches from existing trees onto root stock.
    4
  3869. I got it online, but I had, shall we say, customer service issues that prevent me from recommending the vendor.
    4
  3870. I will be frank, here. I am at a loss for why so many seem to think the possibility that Casimir Pulaski was intersex has anything to do with “woke,” or politics of any kind. It is simply not true. I cannot see how I could have been more careful in how I presented the evidence, and am growing quite annoyed that some seem intent on imposing their politics on the discussion.
    4
  3871. Yes, that is a clip from Robin Hood 1922. Full movie here: https://archive.org/details/RobinHood1922_201406
    4
  3872. I do not pretend to be French. Pronouncing the "s" is the common and accepted American pronunciation.
    4
  3873. I believe that my thumbnails are consistent and clearly branded.
    4
  3874. I promise, I am always wearing pants when I film.
    4
  3875. That is a fair point. https://youtu.be/IoaLMwY41y8
    4
  3876. https://youtu.be/F4z5-l7u2Uo
    4
  3877. I very much apologize- my final statement there was clearly incorrect, and I misunderstood a Navy claim. I meant no disrespect to the 56 men of the US 58th infantry who lost their lives in the sinking of RMS Moldavia.
    4
  3878. https://youtu.be/7QgrR2DjAW8?si=h7j-vlBFTp82LxB1
    4
  3879. He is. And he knows it.
    4
  3880. I think that you are confusing the Opium Wars and the Boxer Rebellion. The Boxer rebellion was largely an anti-foreigner uprising driven by resentment towards Christian missionaries and Chinese Christians. The Boxer Rebellion occurred roughly forty years after the Second Opium war.
    4
  3881. Thank you for your service!
    4
  3882. We gave a brief version of Wolfe Tone and his rebellion in this episode: https://youtu.be/kgG9CI0EruQ
    4
  3883. That is an interesting story! Added to our list.
    4
  3884. He was an exceptional cat.
    4
  3885. The official explanation according to the British Forces Broadcasting Service: Unlike the Royal Navy and the Royal Air Force, the British Army consists of several clearly identifiable bodies, each of which has an individual and continuous existence and is separately recorded in the Corps Warrant.
    4
  3886. Thank you!
    4
  3887. That happened later, and I do mention it in the conclusion.
    4
  3888. I have a Bachelor of Arts in History from the University of Colorado at Boulder. I did not serve, no. I very much respect those who do.
    4
  3889. Yes, but Heppner is far less well known. The deaths in Heppner actually represented a larger percentage of the town population.
    4
  3890. Not even close.
    4
  3891. Wirral Channel yes, I did a previous episode on the sinking of the Birkenhead. The Birkenhead and the Guadeloupe were very similar designs. https://youtu.be/TYW49K5nQFA
    4
  3892. pilotdane I learn something every time I make one.
    4
  3893. For exclusive content, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    4
  3894. David Blanco we considered it back in October before the movie was released. In the end, the topic proved both too expansive and too well-known for our format. We might revisit that at some point. For the short answer, people who have heavily studied the Hoffa story give little credence to the story told in The Irishman.
    4
  3895. Filmed at Oregon State Hospital - a Kirkbride.
    4
  3896. It is another spin on India bird.
    4
  3897. I was just there!
    4
  3898. Awww, shucks.
    4
  3899. Keep your seat belt buckled...
    4
  3900. The produce was not created by Joseph Lister, but was named after him.
    4
  3901. It being 1854, there were not photos. Those are all paintings of shipwrecks.
    4
  3902. I admit I often get British place-names wrong, and if I get one right it is likely because I have gotten it wrong before and someone corrected me.
    4
  3903. Noting that people are robbed at gunpoint doesn’t make a person pro-robber. Respectfully, you seem to be seeking excuse to find offense. In no way does my comment suggest moral support for the Japanese pirates (a misnomer, as many of those pirates were Chinese and Korean.)
    4
  3904. Lol
    4
  3905. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGj6D4Moeg9gF7zxIIMGhFkB
    4
  3906. Yes- it was used to transport Thor missile’s, but too small for IV-B stages.
    4
  3907. Reports say that French's is the top selling brand of mustard in Canada, which is the world's largest consumer of mustard per capita. While it is manufactured in the US, until the drought required some alternate supplies Canada was the sole source of mustard seed for the French's brand.
    4
  3908. Sorry, I am a transplant. I attended Hot Springs High School in Hot Springs South Dakota. Go Bison!
    4
  3909. It was a gift from a viewer.
    4
  3910. Jerry Poch an Owasco-class high endurance cutter. She was decommissioned in 1973.
    4
  3911. Yes, there is a model of a Vought Corsair on set
    4
  3912. Ian Brumfield both good ideas (although it was, I think, actually called the Pacific Clipper at the time of the flight.) Thanks!
    4
  3913. We know they ditched, and we know they were lost. That was all on radio. Where is certainly a mystery,
    4
  3914. White is mild, brown and black are hot. Black is rarely grown commercially today because the seeds of brown mustard can be more easily mechanically harvested. English mustard tends to use a mix of white and brown seeds, making it hotter than American yellow or mild mustard.
    4
  3915. They were quite aware- but a hurricane that early is rare.
    4
  3916. Yes, all the bow ties are real. I do not own any clip-on ties.
    4
  3917. I saw it too, I think the issue was that I was filming at 1am.
    4
  3918. They are still subject to the wind. A Goodyear blimp pilot was killed in 2011. But their safety record is quite good given the amount of flight time.
    4
  3919. applauds
    4
  3920. Those are called “lattice masts,” and were common on US battleships in the early 20th century, but rarely used by other nations. The masts were used to observe the fall of shot for fire control. The lattice structure was thought to be less vulnerable to shellfire, but proved to be fragile. As fire control equipment became heavier, they were replaced by stronger tripod masts.
    4
  3921. They can't even do ticker-tape parades any more. Not only is there no longer ticker tape, the windows don'y open on most high-rises now.
    4
  3922. It is still there. I took that picture.
    4
  3923. There is likely a volume setting on whatever device you are watching on.
    4
  3924. traderjoes this is the best explanation I’ve seen: http://www.militarysunhelmets.com/2018/the-pressed-fiber-forming-buck
    4
  3925. I couldn't find a clear reference on the pay. I hope they got a good bonus...
    4
  3926. Lol - luckily someone else will be in charge of directions
    4
  3927. Robert Fustin the tariff issue had been addressed after the nullification crisis in 1833. The issue that sparked the war was the election of Abraham Lincoln on a Republican party platform that supported not allowing slavery in the new Western states. While there were other beefs, the only issue that could drive the South to secede was slavery.
    4
  3928. Eric Kaufman she had many health problems. We appreciate the time we had with her.
    4
  3929. Yes, this is merely a compilation of videos that I have posted featuring American heroes who were Black. It is by no means a complete list of America’s Black heroes.
    4
  3930. That depends where you are. i would suspect it is widely unknown in the United States.
    4
  3931. No, no Google system identified the Apollo 11 photos as fake. At least Google denies it. https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2024/feb/16/instagram-posts/no-google-didnt-confirm-that-the-1969-us-moon-land/
    4
  3932. The 1200s were the thirteenth century. 0-100 was the first century.
    4
  3933. Frankly, I find it perplexing how people sometimes try to shoehorn in modern political orientations with historical events. I do wonder what information presented in the episode you contend is inaccurate or "rewritten." I am taking no political stand. St Clair was defeated, and, by the measure of percentage of casualties, it was the greatest defeat of the US army in history. The tribute system was used to further take away land that had supposedly been granted by treaty. As a matter of abject historical fact, the treaty boundaries were not respected. No matter what you feel about manifest destiny, atrocities committed by Native Americans, or the justness of American Westward expansion, it was a period of conquest. That is neither left nor right leaning. That is history.
    4
  3934. Kesselring was Commander in Chief South.
    4
  3935. countteddy John DeLorean was an American former GM exec and the company was founded in Detroit, but yes, the manufacturing was in Northern Ireland.
    4
  3936. Working on it: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGgouBlpQiUHwVMLUqly7Ia6
    4
  3937. Both not true and certainly not what I was trying to imply in the episode.
    4
  3938. There are actually three merchant marine officer's hats in the picture. The one I hold up is a World War II vintage hat with the standard jewel officer's crest. One in the background has a stitched bullion crest. But you'll see in the one below that the eagle is bullion, but there is a pin in the middle. Some private shipping lines moved under the merchant marine during the war. Officers of those lines would use the eagle crest, but would have an enameled badge representing the home line.
    4
  3939. I do happen to reside not too far from the Piasa.
    4
  3940. He published his account in Scribner's Monthly under the title "Thirty-Seven Days of Peril." The book is still available.
    4
  3941. Truly the History Cat
    4
  3942. Those discussions are called "counterfactuals" and they keep historians amused. To the specific question, we got much of the knowledge needed for the Manhattan program from captured German scientists. It is difficult to say whether we would have had the bomb first. And, at the time of the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, we had limited fissile material, which would have made an extended nuclear bombing program difficult.
    4
  3943. Yes, in the Neue Wache in Berlin there is a memorial to "Victims of Fascism and Militarism" that includes a tomb with an unknown soldier and a nameless Nazi concentration camp victim. http://www.history.ucsb.edu/faculty/marcuse/present/neuewach.htm
    4
  3944. Why would we be begging people who, if we had not wasted so many lives defending them, would be speaking German? ;)
    4
  3945. Eddy Grant and Eddie Grant are not the same person. ;)
    4
  3946. I saw the exhibit in Denver
    4
  3947. Absolutely on the list- many years ago I was a Park Ranger at Fort Necessity, where Braddock is buried. I did mention him briefly in this episode: https://youtu.be/Dh2d2uQ6gps
    4
  3948. Matt Hintz I consider myself a hobby historian and a storyteller. I have published, but they are old, out of print textbooks of no particular interest anymore. I taught for a decade in the previous century, but taught speech communication, not history.
    4
  3949. I have a couple of ideas from that expedition on my topics list for future episodes.
    4
  3950. https://youtu.be/UT0CojSRhYg
    4
  3951.  @oldesertguy9616  and boycotting the ad doesn’t harm whoever paid for the ad.
    4
  3952. Srenchin yes, the picture of a troop train is from England and the rail accident where the locomotive fell out if a building was in Paris. Generally photos on the channel are in the Public Domain and are used for illustration only, as actual photos of events are often not available. In this episode, however, I should note that the photos of the Hammond circus train accident are of the actual event.
    4
  3953. Sad story.
    4
  3954. flick22601 and yet both title their organizations “Congressional Medal of Honor.” The reason is, as I correctly state, the medal is awarded in the name of Congress. Additionally, both names are used in the pertinent US code. My description is correct. Here is the name “Congressional Medal of Honor” used to refer to the award in the US Code: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/18/704
    4
  3955. As Canada is a country today, and as Newfoundland is part of Canada today, of course Newfoundland history is Canadian history. I am familiar with the history of Canada.
    4
  3956. Unlikely, but possible.
    4
  3957. Subtitles are enabled on our end. They sometimes take a while to generate.
    4
  3958. I don’t know exactly how it works. It has no obvious solar cell, but if you put light on it, it rotates.
    4
  3959. The Seven Years war was more wide ranging.
    4
  3960. The treaty was very clear in describing how to comply, exactly listing which ships each power could keep and detailing the process by which ships must be broken-up. But the treaty itself makes no provisions for how it would be verified by the signatories, who apparently assumed that everyone would do as they agreed.
    4
  3961. Princeton served in both the Home Squadron and the European Squadron. In 1849 she was struck from the roles and broken up, due to decaying timbers that would have been too expensive to repair. The ship's bell is on display at Stockton St. and Bayard Ln. in Princeton, NJ.
    4
  3962. 1bottlejackdaniels I will look into all of these. Thanks!
    4
  3963. I didn’t say that. Yes, some have questioned her piloting skills.
    4
  3964. The German plan was called Operation Pelikan. It was different that the Japanese scouting submarines. The Japanese submarines carried floatplanes partially disassembled in a hanger. The submarine would both launch and recover the planes. The German plan would have carried two JU-87 Stukas disassembled to a Columbian island, where they would be assembled. The plan was to attack the Gatun Dam, which the German's concluded was the most vulnerable point in the canal, and then land in a neutral country and seek internment. The plan was cancelled for unknown reasons.
    4
  3965. Probably not true, but the sound made when they collided was notably louder than with Ivory. One western saloon keeper was said t complain that it was so loud that people kept drawing their guns, thinking a gunfight had started.
    4
  3966. Some time, We've done a few on the campaign in North Africa, but not Tobruk just yet.
    4
  3967. mtwwmtw fair point about the Dominion of Newfoundland.
    4
  3968. No, those are me playing around. Ms History Guy does a lot of things, but she doesn't do production.
    4
  3969. I could not find a photo in the Public Domain, although it is a beautiful memorial in a monastery. The Portuguese contribution to the Great War is underappreciated.
    4
  3970. Well, it was part of the plotline for the move War Games.
    4
  3971. My daughter has gotten Pulaski Day off since kindergarten, and tells me that no teacher has ever talked about who Pulaski was.
    4
  3972. Grant Pratt it is an interesting story- an amazing ship that was never completed. I may do an episode some day.
    4
  3973. Yeah, what a strange vessel. Lost at sea. I may do an episode on that sometime.
    4
  3974. Happy Birthday!
    4
  3975. Maybe sometime- it is an interesting, if absurdly small, battle. The California/Arizona/New Mexico engagements are usually called the campaign in the "far West."
    4
  3976. Yes, the video is aboard Ticonderoga- “Carrier Qualification of the F3H-N2.”
    4
  3977. If you noticed, there was a news story in the episode that suggested that chicken tamales in San Francisco were being made with seagulls.
    4
  3978. That has been an consistent debate on the channel, and we even have an episode on it. I tend to use either, largely determined by the topic (the Concorde is European, and the mission European in origin) and translate when necessary to make sense (note that I listed the skin temperature of the plane in both metric and American standard.) In this case, the importance was the relative speed of the plane to the speed that the umbra passes over the Earth, and so it did not seem necessary to translate units. https://youtu.be/yseldOMcT4Q
    4
  3979. Happy Birthday!
    4
  3980. Felix Ward's is a fascinating story. He was adopted and raised Apache, and eventually became a member of the US Army's Apache Scouts who gave him the nickname "Mickey Free." He served an entire career with the US Army. There are many gaps in his story, but it appears that he never saw his step-father again, and that both his mother and step-father died thinking that Felix had been killed by his captors. There is a lot of myth and legend to sort, but there are accounts that he spent time later with one of his brothers.
    4
  3981. Well that was, you know, a whole other war.
    4
  3982. Made me wince some too...
    4
  3983. The simple answer was because the airbases were there. The planes had multiple targets, and those would shift based on where they were in the route- so their attack target would have depended upon where the plane was when the call came.
    4
  3984. You heard correctly. https://www.specialtyfood.com/news/article/incas-made-freeze-dried-meals-centuries-ago/
    4
  3985. The Boston Molasses Disaster of 1919 https://youtu.be/adPuti-SL5o
    4
  3986. Tungsten Carbide https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjOqKgHe1_b8pIq-bZewEfA
    4
  3987. I don't believe that I have ever taken a pro-piracy stance. I merely point out how often they appear in historical events.
    4
  3988. The characterization as an "invasion" is wholly incorrect, and seems to misunderstand the entire nature and cause of US involvement in the conflict. I am not going to take a stand on the legality or cause, but it should not be historically mis-described. The aggression that South Vietnam faced was not from the United States.
    4
  3989. sami asli I hope for a peaceful resolution. But as a historian, my goal is to be as objective as possible.
    4
  3990. I certainly found many markings and signs in Wales to be befuddling.
    4
  3991. Happy birthday!
    4
  3992. He was in an exhibit at the Louisiana Purchase exposition, yes.
    4
  3993. The boot monument? Why is that particularly relevant to the burning of Richmond?
    4
  3994. Yes, all mentioned at the end of the episode.
    4
  3995. He performs by his own schedule
    4
  3996.  @sarahsoutar252  I don’t tend to use Wikipedia except for PD media. But there is a Wikipedia entry on Project Stormfury.
    4
  3997. You are correct- he starred with Marlene Dietrich in Angel in 1937. Thanks for the correction!
    4
  3998. It wasn’t clearly specified in the news. Rotary was probably more likely by 1910.
    4
  3999. I don't think so- it looks like tow men in hats. But, the workers were there with their families, and children are in some of the photos of the project.
    4
  4000. https://youtu.be/KkArqS9y1D0?si=h0ihP5Eos3B6z6ZE
    4
  4001. @ USS Jacob Jones was a Tucker-class destroyer.
    4
  4002.  @matchedimpedance  the number is actually changing, as the earth’s rotation is slowing. Still, I think the number 365.24225 was a fair number to use for the purposes of the episode.
    4
  4003. First I shortened the intro, and then removed it totality from newer episodes.
    4
  4004. I think there is a good chance we will have episodes out om both, Ned Kelly and his armor are quite the story! I talk about the Gold Rush in this episode: https://youtu.be/H0lOq5pGzcw
    4
  4005. I have not yet
    4
  4006. The Twenty-Fifth Amendment uses a process, yes.
    4
  4007. I have no idea what you mean by "I guess you forgot," this just doesn't happen to be an episode about Galveston. In terms of the quotation by the weather bureau, it was referring to extent of property loss, and the 1926 Miami Hurricane represented significantly greater property loss both at the time and in estimated cost if it happened today. This is our episode on the Galveston hurricane: https://youtu.be/BElQES_Dh0Q
    4
  4008. https://youtu.be/ACSzlEX362o
    4
  4009. rpl palacio the PHSCC. Yes, they have an interesting history as well.
    4
  4010. https://youtu.be/qBkw9zFtqZc
    4
  4011. And Dutch ships were not above privateering during the eighty years war
    4
  4012. Fair point, if Welch broke the sound barrier, it was in a dive, like Jackie Cochran, not level flight.
    4
  4013. Yup- that, obviously, wasn't me.
    4
  4014. The Thirteenth colony referenced was Georgia- created as a buffer state between the Carolinas and Spanish Florida.
    4
  4015. It is possible that you are confusing it with the incident aboard the K-19, which occurred in 1961.
    4
  4016. If it helps, no media giants have called so far. ;)
    4
  4017. Araeagle that he was.
    4
  4018. Reportedly a project is in motion, but no release date has been set.
    4
  4019. Actually, Mothering Sunday did not originally have anything to do with your mother. It was about visiting your "mother Church," meaning usually the church where you were baptized. The transformation into a day to celebrate your birth mother was largely inspired by Anna Jarvis efforts in the United States, and was championed by the daughter of a vicar named Constance Adelaide Smith. The popularity of the holiday in the UK today certainly seems to have been because the British like the idea of a day to celebrate mothers, not because of some "cultural imperialism." And, respectfully, there is some delicious irony in a British person complaining of cultural imperialism.
    4
  4020. LOL I embrace more than one Geekdom.
    4
  4021. Nope. I taught at a university for almost a decade, but my field was speech communication.
    4
  4022. I may well do an episode on the Airmail Beacon system. You can still find several of those arrows and even a few of the towers today.
    4
  4023. It is referring to a detachment of marines led by Stephen Decatur during the Second Barbary War. We may well have an episode out on the subject in the future.
    4
  4024. There were not battlecruisers at Coronel. But one direct quotation from a newspaper used the word, and I quoted it accurately.
    4
  4025. Sorry, that is patently ridiculous.
    4
  4026. Wotjek
    4
  4027. I am not trying to make judgement on any of that. It can be described as a difference of cultures that led to misunderstandings of intent, with consequences on both sides.
    4
  4028. Chief Pharmacist Mate Elizer Harwell
    4
  4029.  @deborahdanhauer8525  I do plan to do more. The Pirate Monk and Robin Hood https://youtu.be/_fLY9MJWGXQ
    4
  4030.  @ChrissiX  thanks! So do I.
    4
  4031. Jonas Salk developed the fist vaccine against an influenza virus, which is what we say in the episode. The practice used in China was variolation, which is somewhat different than vaccination. The word "vaccination" comes from the Latin "vacca," meaning "cow," and is in reference to Jenner's inoculation derived from cowpox. More here: https://youtu.be/HIerjWCYOYc
    4
  4032. The 100 years war may be too much for a channel on short history. But I do have some topics in mind.
    4
  4033. It was called an "Attack aircraft." But its role was both as a fighter and a bomber.
    4
  4034. It is true- they are not microorganisms like bacteria, and do not "live" outside a host.
    4
  4035. https://youtu.be/w3PekI7QzcE
    4
  4036. You are correct that this photo is misplaced, and these are not commandos. I apologize for the error. The photo description says that these are men of the Royal Army Service Corps in 1942.
    4
  4037. Presumably...
    4
  4038. There were politics involved. The British were only nominal friends, the French only nominal enemies.
    4
  4039. Respectfully, Tours turned back a growing tide and began the reconquista. I think that qualifies as a turning point.
    4
  4040. Three- we post Monday Wednesday and Friday at approximately 7 am Central.
    4
  4041. Loved that movie as a kid, but never figured out how that animal pooped.
    4
  4042. That was one of the things I edited out for time. Apparently, in the eighteenth century it was common at bowling tournaments to give a prize of a live turkey to players who scored three strikes in a row.
    4
  4043. Thank you!
    4
  4044. There were only two battleship versus battleship encounters in the pacific. Washington and South Dakota sank the Kirishima in the naval battle of Guadalcanal. Battleships engaged at the Battle of Suriago Straight, but the Japanese line was devastated by torpedoes before battleships were engaged. In the Atlantic some count Hood versus Bismarck, although Hood was technically classified a "battle cruiser."
    4
  4045. Well thank you!
    4
  4046. Fair point
    4
  4047. Not this specific part of the world. The Japanese were attacking throughout southeast Asia, and it was not clear what was still in allied hands. Many parts of the Pacific Clipper's route were experiencing the Second World War for the first time.
    4
  4048. I do have several topics in mind on the role that South America played in WWII. We have barely touched on the role here and there.
    4
  4049. It still uses slave labor, that is a challenge for the industry.
    4
  4050. Be excellent to each other.
    4
  4051. If it was me I’d go to the B-52s
    4
  4052. My history degree is a BA. I did teach at a university, but in a different field.
    4
  4053. anji weston it is an interesting historical period that still drives politics today, and I don’t think the west understands or remembers it at all. But I don’t think that I am the right voice to tell it. I think it needs a local voice. I would love to visit your beautiful country, but don’t have the means for such a trip right now.
    4
  4054. Stainless is made more weldable by adding nickel to the alloy. The arch is welded.
    4
  4055. Things have certainly changed since 1947, but Star Tiger was maintained, and there are extensive maintenance records noted in the accident report. They didn't just hop in and go.
    4
  4056. Thank you for your service!
    4
  4057. The remains of Lt Blassey were removed and re-interred at his family's request at a military cemetery in Missouri. The Army decided not to inter new remains, as the hope is to identify all the remains of that war.
    4
  4058. The decision to fortify the beachhead rather than advance is usually credited ti Major General John P. Lucas, who was replaced as a result. To be fair, while the general failed to capitalize on the element of surprise, his forces were greatly outnumbered on the front.
    4
  4059. LOL I did see in a biography that he had a grandson that was in television.
    4
  4060. Dean Stuart a crossbow bolt! Awesome! I don't think that has ever happened in the US.
    4
  4061. LOL
    4
  4062. Not just the trenches, but the camps, trains, and transport ships.
    4
  4063. The one up by Mobridge? Or do you mean the Crazy Horse monument?
    4
  4064. The US didn’t have a separate Air Force until 1947.
    4
  4065. Was it not clear that this is a history channel?
    4
  4066. No domesticated animals, just cats. ;)
    4
  4067. I do think we'll talk about the topic more in the future. https://youtu.be/x7eeFRp7xjU
    4
  4068.  @bbwng54  I got that information from Willard Sterne Randall’s book “Benedict Arnold: Patriot and Traitor.” (1990) But Randall gives no footnote or explanation. He says: “but the wrong name was entered on the parish records by an oblivious clerk, and when the church was renovated a century later, Arnold’s body was disinterred and reburied with hundreds of others in a jumbled unmarked grave.” However, online sources say his tomb is in the basement, where there are clear photos of a marker. I don’t know whether Randall is correct and Arnold isn’t in the marked tomb, or if Randall was simply mistaken. You’d have to convince the church to open it up to see…
    4
  4069. The Damage was mostly in Sicily, although there was some in Naples and Malta. The Tsunami was felt throughout Ionia and the Messina straight.
    4
  4070. They did many times, yes. The problem was there wasn't always someone around to ask...
    4
  4071.  @joejackson6205  multiple experts in anthropology, including at least one highlighted in the Smithsonian documentary who was clearly familiar with the impacts of horsemanship on the pelvis, unambiguously determined the skeleton to be female. I am not the expert, but I can say that the question that you asked was carefully considered.
    4
  4072. Bullettube absolutely- it seems that every state had its vice capital.
    4
  4073. Agreed
    4
  4074. Sparky they are described in the histories written by Diodorus Siculus, but only vaguely so, and the history was written more than 250 years after the battle. His description is: “Against the projectiles from the catapults they made wheels with many spokes, and, setting these to rotate by a certain device, they destroyed some of the missiles and deflected others, and broke the force of all.” And “the Tyrians rigged marble wheels in front of the walls, and causing them to rotate by some mechanism they shattered the flying missiles of the catapults, and, deflecting them from their course, rendered their fire ineffective.” I think that these are the only two existing references to the devices.
    4
  4075. Nope. Truth stranger than fiction.
    4
  4076. Thank you for the correction.
    4
  4077. That is actually a myth. While he once extolled the virtues of the turkey vs the eagle in a letter, he never proposed it as a national bird.
    4
  4078. The British rescued the Americans, both at Kasserine and at Thala. Why it is some insult that American Artillery showed up? Sometimes I am not sure about today, given the comments, but at the time we were allies.
    4
  4079. My name is Lance.
    4
  4080. I meant to imply both meanings. Honor the sacrifice, mourn the loss.
    4
  4081. reezdog yes, “Miracle Landing” with Connie Sellecca and Wayne Rogers.
    4
  4082. mehran mortezaie the Mongols Persianized, and successive empires drew heritage from Mongol rulers although they were culturally Persian. That was also true of the Greek, Arab and Turkic invasions, and so those groups are all part of Persian ancestry. Modern day Iran represents a number of ethnic groups, but over half consider themselves Persians. As that is defined by language and culture, many of those may be descended of invaders whose descendants Persianized.
    4
  4083. One, in fact, became a micronation. https://youtu.be/dlexo-003lE
    4
  4084. It is a fair statement- both opposed (at least initially) both the Germans and the Ustaše- they should have (and occasionally did) have common cause. But they also had their differences, and that eventually pushed the Chetniks towards the Germans.
    4
  4085. Vicky Caramel we know the cabinet knew of the famine because they talked about it and that was documented. We know that discussion included a course appraisal of the people of Bengal that was offensive even in its time. That doesn’t speak highly of the cabinet, nor does it help your case that they were merely responding to war concerns. We know also that allies understand the extent of what was going on and offered aid. The idea that actions could have been taken to mitigate the disaster is not hindsight. It was fully recognized at the time. Even if we followed your storyline, what does it say about Britain and the war cabinet if they missed the fact that millions of their subjects were starving to death? In India, much of the scholarship and opinion suggests that the famine was a deliberate machination of Churchill intended to kill people he saw as most likely to press for Indian independence. I did not make that conclusion because I don’t think the record fully supports it. But the people making that claim are not doing so blindly. I did, in the episode, walk the middle path. I did not do that for political purposes, but because I think that path is the one best supported by evidence. The administrative failures, especially with the Bengal establishment, we great. They resulted in enormous suffering. Even war is not an excuse to let millions of the people for whom you are responsible die. Historians generally categorize the Bengal famine as a human caused disaster. The humans who were in a position to do so was the government of the Raj.
    4
  4086. I'd love to visit!
    4
  4087. Perihelion77 currently about forty
    4
  4088. The story of the Carson City mint is in this episode: History of America's Forgotten Mints https://youtu.be/JToXrR3pM0E
    4
  4089. Great story! Your father was flying the Columbia tail number N3A, launched in 1968 and still flying, although the GZ-20 class are being slowly retired. N3A had a bizarre accident in 1990 when an R/C pilot buzzed and then rammed the blimp with his radio-controlled plane, punching a hole in the blimp and forcing an emergency landing.
    4
  4090. Largely yes, with additional commentary added. but we will also be featuring some unique content on the podcasts that don't fit the video format for various reasons.
    4
  4091. Again the story of Lapu Lapu is vague, and his religion unsure. However, Islam seems to have been established in the Islands before Magellan’s arrival, and would have been seen as local. It is really in the time since that he has become seen as a leader in the resistance to European rule.
    4
  4092. Eyjafjallajökull
    4
  4093. Well their reputation may have suffered in the west due to that whole Second World War kerfuffle.
    4
  4094. I am sure we'll have plenty more out about Malta.
    4
  4095. I am sorry facts cause you distress. I will stubbornly stick with facts.
    4
  4096. coldforgedcowboy it is a fair point to say that it was a decidedly mixed outcome. Most certainly there were advantages to the Inuit and Canada in bringing greater access and integrating them more fully into the polity. But simply asserting that the nice Air Force brought them the blessings of civilization assumes that their rich culture previously had no value. In terms of social effects, much of the problem was that the change was so rapid, with little time for the culture to absorb it.
    4
  4097. https://twitter.com/history_yt
    4
  4098. That is always a challenge for historians, and the farther back you go, the fewer different perspectives you have as reference.
    4
  4099. The convention was solidified in the US in the eighteenth century well before the western era.
    4
  4100. This video was not meant to be humorous
    4
  4101. I don’t know any version of events that puts Columbus in Maine.
    4
  4102. This one is a boy. Whether any of the cats is on a video is entirely up to the cat.
    4
  4103. Correct- my mistake.
    4
  4104.  @lemmdus2119  one 14 inch gun that had been used on USS Arizona is in a memorial at Wesley Bolin Memorial Plaza in Phoenix. That gun had been removed in a refit prior to the attack at Pearl Harbor. Nevada was sunk as a target vessel. I don’t believe that any of the guns were salvaged.
    4
  4105. She will- we haven't decided how much.
    4
  4106. The Titanic was headed to New York, which is, obviously, in the United States. I don't see how the ship's destination cannot be closely associated with the disaster. A great many of the passengers on the Titanic were American. Some very prominent Americans- John Jacob Astor IV, Benjamin Guggenheim, Isidor Strauss, among others- were among those lost. A great many more passengers on the Titanic were on their way to America with the intent of becoming Americans.
    4
  4107. I was not able to find any attestation as to his actual electrician skills. They seem not to have been notable enough to make the paper.
    4
  4108. I saw a news story on that when researching the episode. Luckily, he did not destroy London.
    4
  4109. David Clabault the next game to be forfeited. Very likely will.
    4
  4110. I am a historian, I don’t aim to take sides. But the espionage goals and obstacles between the two were quite different. The Soviets could certainly monitor US bases more easily than the US could behind the Iron Curtain. The reason that Khrushchev refused Open Skies is because he knew that he was able to keep secrets in a way the west could not. The Soviets certainly engaged in espionage of all sorts.
    4
  4111. This is a podcast. We release new videos regularly every Monday, Wednesday and Friday.
    4
  4112. Yes, I could do many more episodes on Doyle, who was also a famous spiritualist, knighted not for writing Sherlock Holmes, but for a non-fiction book about the Boer War. There are far more biographies written about ACD than books he actually authored.
    4
  4113.  @ss442es  https://youtu.be/A4Jqp3REwrw
    4
  4114.  @christopherlynch3314  yes, it is a measure of volume- sixty-three gallons of wine or sixty-four gallons of beer. Much larger than the head of an actual hog.
    4
  4115. I am sorry- video production has been a learning experience for me. Those issue have been corrected in the more recent episodes.
    4
  4116. Currently not accessible to the public. https://www.papahanaumokuakea.gov/access/
    4
  4117. Eric Troxell thank you. That is quite a compliment.
    4
  4118. There is some discussion around that from the time, and it supports your point. When Hotham was appointed, he made a trip to the goldfields, which he assumed would be chaos, and was impressed to see that they were generally orderly, even though there was virtually no government influence because of the speed with which the camps grew. There are some references regarding how the miners kept order, as they created their own system of rough-justice.
    4
  4119. The group besieged numbered about 550.
    4
  4120. I simply disagree- history is history. How can we learn from history if we sanitize its worst elements? Villains are as important to learning as heroes.
    4
  4121. Like many scams and frauds, it seems obvious in retrospect.
    4
  4122. Fair point.
    4
  4123. At least it would have been much harder to acquire a Social Security card.
    4
  4124. I did a podcast on CSPAN…
    4
  4125. LOL five a week isn't enough? I have to sleep sometime...
    4
  4126. Flag Lieutenant.
    4
  4127. The newspapers didn't say. But in 1977 he still described it as "wrecked," so apparently not.
    4
  4128. Peter Davy he enlisted with the London Scottish, where he did his basic training, but was commissioned into the Liverpool Scottish. Charles Laughton served with the Northamptonshire regiment.
    4
  4129. High altitude bombing essentially required targets that couldn't run away- like cities.
    4
  4130. Google denies that their tool identified the Apollo 11 photos as fake.
    4
  4131. Merely coincidence
    4
  4132. I was there in December. it was very cold.
    4
  4133. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    4
  4134. The DoD has only admitted to 32, that doesn't mean that is all there is...
    4
  4135. Production has been on a learning curve. I added the standard intro and that helped to manage the volume problems. You'll also notice that I have much better lighting now.
    4
  4136. It was not limited to Europe. But the term only means a widespread epidemic, it doesn’t require a worldwide effect. An effect across an entire continent certainly qualifies. The bubonic plague is not just generally recognized as a pandemic, but often referred to as the first pandemic. https://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects-and-stories/medicine/bubonic-plague-first-pandemic
    4
  4137. Those are from iStock, most likely modern photos of reenactors. German law is odd in terms of copyright, so German WWII photos are particularly difficult.
    4
  4138. There has been so much discussion of these animations. They are just animated logos.
    4
  4139. We will try to set up a meet and greet.
    4
  4140.  @danieleyre8913  again, the comparison was not where the company operated, but the type of company. I do know the difference between the East and West Indies.
    4
  4141. That is a reproduction of the original plaque.
    4
  4142. I plan to do an episode on the ill-fated Penobscot Expedition. More Revolutionary War naval action here: https://youtu.be/BusyV-NnPf4 https://youtu.be/uXDGzmOkC5g
    4
  4143. Yeah, it is hard when you are old enough to remember history…
    4
  4144. It was scholars who determined that the genus originated in Africa.
    4
  4145. We have that on our list. the design is not as interesting as the star fort cities, and how designs of the fortifications created population centers. Any way, yes, expect to see it at some point.
    4
  4146. LOL
    4
  4147. There's a little hotel called the Shady Rest...
    4
  4148. They didn’t want the kid to drink the milk. But fodder was low by then. The goats didn’t last much longer.
    4
  4149. The tool was invented in the early 20th century by a forest ranger named Ed Pulaski.
    4
  4150. In fact, the Sikorsky R-4 was in service in the Pacific starting in April of 1944.
    4
  4151. Terry Grossmann The Avignon Papacy was from 1309 to 1376. It was followed by the Western Schism.
    4
  4152. maxsmodels that was an interesting story. However, due to the popularity of “shark week” there is plenty on YT about the events, and I didn’t think I had anything to add.
    4
  4153. It takes great liberties in terms of The Travels of Marco Polo, and, I am given to understand, wildly inaccurate in its portrayal of the Mongol court. I would think of it as entertainment.
    4
  4154. Tim Hazel Less Femmes d’Alger is a fifteen painting series, and originally was sold as the entire set for $212,500.00 in 1956. Inflation adjusted that is just short of two million in 2019 dollars. Version O was the last of the series, and was first sold individually in 1997 for $31.9 million. It sold again in 2013 for $179.4 million.
    4
  4155. LOL The History Guy does not wear clip ons! Yes, I tie my own. Was it the color of the tie, or just an issue with bow ties?
    4
  4156. They were developed between 1914 and 1916. They were a relatively simple towed buoy with wings that was dragged from the stern of the ship. The wings caused the device to pull away laterally. This would cause the cable to sweep, catching either mine cables or submarines. If the line caught a mine cable, it would drag along the cable to a cutter that would cut the cable so that the mine could be disposed of. The paravane had an explosive charge, so if it dragged a submarine, the paravane would pull along the line until it came in contact with the submarine and explode. The device could be deployed and recovered relatively easily.
    4
  4157. Some were very scientific, and some were much more "let's jump off a cliff and see if it flies."
    4
  4158. Not yet-
    4
  4159. Not a cold, just hay fever.
    4
  4160. Correct, watertight. I apologize for the error.
    4
  4161. I have been experimenting with those animated logos.
    4
  4162. Both good points. I wanted to talk more about the flag, but there was not enough time to do it justice. There are various explanations for why, in the end, the men who stayed in the stockade were largely Irish, but they may have been more militant by virtue of their own nation's history.
    4
  4163. I am not focused on my own legacy. It is not the job of the historian to try to control the historical narrative. I produce numerous episodes about under-appreciated history, including about people of color and indigenous people.
    4
  4164. Walter Clark that is an interesting idea, as cavalry evolved through many roles and was used differently through time. I will have to think on that. Thanks!
    4
  4165. Witnesses said at least one of the caps did ignite.
    4
  4166. Yes, I focused on the landing more than the battle of the causeway. I might talk about that in a future episode.
    4
  4167. Joel Craig I am sure that I will get to a topic on the English Civil War, yes.
    4
  4168. The resemblance, sadly, does not carry as far as my bank account.
    4
  4169. Yes, but later, in the time of Charles VII.
    4
  4170. Big Blue there were several reasons that plans to invade never materialized. There were real obstacles. Given how close the island came to surrender, the plan to use a siege rather than an invasion doesn’t seem to have been totally irrational.
    4
  4171. There are price spikes, some caused the the on-year off year cycle. They are topical and don't do well in cold, so not a Canadian crop.
    4
  4172. There were more than a few who likened submarine warfare to piracy.
    4
  4173. Pfsif i think more died to air bombardment. Yes, civilian casualties were high in war zones and due to bomber offensives. 30,000 is higher than most civilian casualty estimates that I have seen for D-Day, but record keeping was inaccurate, and there were a lot of refugees. It is not outside the realm of possibility.
    4
  4174. The program operated profitably- although not nearly enough to pay off the research and development cost- as there was enough demand for speed and luxury to sell tickets at a much higher price. The plan'es demise was caused by a number of factors.
    4
  4175. Actually the General Slocum had recently been inspected by the fire marshal. Regulation does not always solve the problem.
    4
  4176. While he loved doing promotion, he rarely made it about himself.
    4
  4177. We give out toys.
    4
  4178. Reasonable Speculation yes, there was no action in the Italian compound, nor any injuries there.
    4
  4179. Both the people profiled in this episode accomplished rare firsts, and both faced unique obstacles. While it is not the centerpiece of either story, there was no need to "shoehorn" diversity inti these stories, it is objectively part of the history.
    4
  4180. https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1466825
    4
  4181. That is actually a Knights Templar hat.
    4
  4182. Yes, I may do an episode on Mad Anthony at some point.
    4
  4183.  @pavelow235  I’m not the guide- we’ll have a guide. I am the celebrity entertainment.
    4
  4184. I talk about parts of my collection on various episodes, and more on our Locals page. The artillery shells are actually inflatables from The Tank Museum gift shop.
    4
  4185. Jonsan Naorem oral histories are getting more respect in some circles. But they too include their biases. I would love to collect oral history on this event.
    4
  4186. Kenneth Hill Jackie Gleason and Art Carney. Hard to find since it was made for TV.
    4
  4187. It is similar to other Mississippian rock art. And remember that the original probably did not have wings, and did not look so dragon-like.
    4
  4188. That is an interesting discussion. Actually, the vast majority of those who got their medals revoked were not ever in combat. The largest number were the members of the 27th Maine who never saw combat, and whose only exceptional service was extending their enlistment four days to stand picket duty in Washington while other troops fought at Gettysburg. The next largest number were the members of the guard for Lincoln's funeral procession. There were six civilians who got their medals revoked including Dr Walker. Five of those were army scouts (including William Cody.) The scouts likewise had their medals reinstated. As to Dr. Walker, the argument made when her's was reinstated was that she would have been in the army had she been a male. She served as much as any member of the medical corps. As she risked her life to go behind enemy lines, and was captured there at risk of her life, she did do her service in the face of the enemy. While she was headstrong, she was not known to disobey orders, and her recommendation came from George Henry Thomas and William Sherman, both of whom apparently respected her service. Personally, in the context of how the medal was awarded at the time, I think she was as deserving as some. But I respect the opposite side- General Miles' commission was careful in its decision.
    4
  4189. david geosits it is an interesting discussion with good arguments on either side. Coincidentally I just moderated a discussion on the topic in May.
    4
  4190. joel1239871 I haven’t taught classes for almost twenty years.
    4
  4191. I’ll respectfully disagree. I agree with the line that few of us plan anything outside without checking the weather. Most of us use phone apps for weather that can predict when it is going to rain with stunning accuracy now. All that information comes from a system of meteorologists. I live in tornado alley, and certainly appreciate the people who track thunderstorms. Millions who live in areas threatened by hurricanes depend upon people who literally fly planes into the things to better predict their paths. History tells us that we can’t control the weather. History also tells us that better weather forecasting can save lives. I don’t take a holiday on National Weatherperson’s day. But I do appreciate the people who forecast the weather.
    4
  4192. The Podcasts are being produced in addition to, not instead of, our regular YouTube format. We started producing the podcasts based on requests from YouTube viewers. Podcasts are released every two weeks and then posted here on YouTube approximately a month after release. While the podcasts will largely include scripts that we have produced in video format with additional commentary, we will also be including some original scripts unique to the podcast. Rest assured, we plan to continue producing videos on YouTube on our regular Monday/Wednesday/Friday schedule.
    4
  4193. Quite possibly. I have had difficulty turning it into a script- there is a lot to explain.
    4
  4194. Yes, they were. Yes, I did say that.
    4
  4195. Eric Hutton I have hats from many countries. And yes, that is George Patton.
    4
  4196. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    4
  4197. The clip is from the movie trailer. The link is in the video description.
    4
  4198.  @rolandflutet5048  the trailer to The Buccaneer’s Girl is in the Public Domain. The Eurythmics are not…
    4
  4199. There are many “Great fires.” Seriously, almost any large city has had one- Paris in 1897, Constantinople in 1660, Moscow in 1547, Edo in 1657, Toronto in 1849 and 1904, Sydney in 1890, Seattle in 1889, Amsterdam in 1452, Atlanta in 1917, St Louis in 1849, Denver in 1863, Dublin in 1190, Edinburgh in 1824, Copenhagen in 1728, the list goes on and on. The Great Fire of London in 1666 is maybe the most remembered, but here in the US the Great Chicago Fire is probably most well known.
    4
  4200. I stopped doing the intro several episodes ago.
    4
  4201. Robert Todd Lincoln had three children, but the middle child (his only son) died at age 16. He had Three grandchildren, all of whom died without issue, ending the direct line of Abraham Lincoln.
    4
  4202. Not strictly true. The first run from 1941 - 1943 had the rim seam at the front, but from 1943 on the seam was at the back. That is, there were millions of WWII M1 Helmets made with the rear seams. Moreover, a helmet is generally not considered to be a true WWII helmet if it was refurbished to standards after. Front seam shells that were refurbished with the new paint and sand in the 1950s are generally not considered by collectors to be "true" WWII helmets. Thus, the "seam" is only part of the story.
    4
  4203. Sorry, that is a complete myth- an internet driven lie. There is no record to support the assertion that slaves were sold at a discount after thanksgiving as a popular internet meme claims, (the reasoning, in fact, makes no economic sense,) and no documented use of the term "Black Friday" until 1951, eighty-six years after slavery was abolished with the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment. I cannot stress this enough- there is zero truth in that internet myth.
    4
  4204. Yes, he was injured in the attack on the stockade and lost an arm.
    4
  4205. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    4
  4206.  @turdferguson2839  and you have to admit that many people at the time realized that his treatment was disgusting. You are incorrect in your assumption that contemporary standards made his mistreatment irrelevant. Moral relativism cannot ignore moral constants. It is fair to consider anachronism and changing standards. But if you excuse away all the evil acts of history on the complaint, essentially, that it seemed a good idea at the time, how would we ever learn from history? And that would require that you ignore all the people at the time who objected. Your complaint seems to be that I did not spend enough time making excuses for his treatment. That is not my job. I told history. If what happened tends to portray someone in a negative light, that is not the historian’s fault
    4
  4207. The ships were warships not fitted for sea or hulks not longer fit for sea service, but they were moored, not sunk. They are most often described as floating batteries. Ships had surrendered, and should be claimed as prizes, but the Danes were firing on the boats going to them. If he could not claim the prizes, he would have had little choice but to burn them with fire ships. The threat to burn the people on the boats was not some cruel threat, but a realistic appraisal of the consequence of not allowing prize crews to claim the vessels.
    4
  4208. "Maquis" became a general term for partisan fighters. I believe that the Maquis from Star Trek were paying homage to WWII freedom fighters.
    4
  4209. Someday I might be able to do that history.
    4
  4210. LOL- this episode was partially motivated by complaints that we had done a cats episode and not a dogs episode.
    4
  4211. Talked about him in this episode: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iRcDjszLaKk
    4
  4212. Nez Castro-Rioja it is an interesting story and on my list of potential topics.
    4
  4213. It was spelled Isaacs at the time.
    4
  4214. Sorry to hear that.
    4
  4215. Per usual, this was not intended as any sort of comment on modern politics.
    4
  4216. They do model a lot of interesting shops that represent a lot of forgotten history.
    4
  4217. It is one our to do list, yes. Terrible tragedy.
    4
  4218. All Over LOL that would have been an angry Frenchman with a grudge to wait till 1770 and hunt him down in his barracks in England.
    4
  4219. They deferred the loan. Presumably he paid it off after he returned.
    4
  4220. It is actually a Star Trek Barbie.
    4
  4221. The cats appear at their leisure. Sadly, they do not take instructions from me. Maybe I should try a badger...
    4
  4222. Aww thank you!
    4
  4223. The history cats often make it into episodes. The participation of a cat is entirely up to the cat. The cat in this episode is Strudel, a five month old Caliby (has both tabby stripes and calico patches.) She enjoys purring, chasing toys, and chewing things she should not.
    4
  4224. Yes, his sister said that he loved it an genuinely liked the people. This would have been the only time that he would have been in the US and would have been able to maintain any sort of anonymity.
    4
  4225. That is Pocky. He is about 24 weeks and generally thought that he had better things to do than to be in my video.
    4
  4226. Kinghty Knight Bugs is a classic as well.
    4
  4227. They had some surprising skills, and the industrial age army found them surprisingly difficult to defeat in battle. But I think it fair to say that the outcome was unlikely to be anything other than their defeat. That was as much because of the force of numbers as military technology.
    4
  4228.  @SubTroppo  if you are In Illinois it is Kay-Row.
    4
  4229. No, actually, although the army sometimes treated them as disposable. The CG-4 was actually built with a retrieval system so that it could be recovered and reused.
    4
  4230. Sheriff: bows Bugs: "In the name of my most Royal Majesty, I knight thee! (strikes Sheriff over the head with his sceptre) “Arise, Sir Loin of Beef!” (strike) "Arise, Earl of Cloves!” (strike) “Arise, Duke of Brittingham!” (strike) “Arise, Baron of Munchausen!” (strike) “Arise, Essence of Myrrh!” (strike) “Milk of Magnesia” (strike) “Quarter of ten!” Sheriff: (dazed, slurred, but still on his feet) “You are too kind, your majesty.” Bugs: (to audience) “Got lots of stamina!”
    4
  4231. The wreck of U-352 is on the National Register of Historic Places if you are an advanced diver. Otherwise, the North Carolina Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores has a reproduction of the wreck in their 300,000 gallon aquarium.
    4
  4232. Cetshwayo is a good story as well, but without Shaka, he would have had no kingdom to rule. It is true that Shaka was a complex personality- he did cause a great many deaths.
    4
  4233. Petra Meyer you are absolutely correct. Thank you!
    4
  4234. I converted many of the numbers, but not all, as that would get bulky. On most videos I get the opposite complaint because I usually use imperial measures and have international viewers.
    4
  4235. It is not clear if there was ever a plan to invade, but, rather, the goal was to isolate Australia and cut off lines of supply to the UK.
    4
  4236. Ipava is small enough that it is hard to find a public domain map that includes it. It is in Fulton County.
    4
  4237. Much if the negative press came with actions after both Allan Pinkerton and Kate Warne were gone. I do feel that some of the criticism of Pinkerton during the Civil war is justified, although it often understates the difficulties faced but spies on both sides.
    4
  4238. There is nothing disheartening about paying the mortgage. I appreciate my sponsors.
    4
  4239. Bunny Winslow there is a compelling story with the Queen of the North Atlantic. I will add it to my topic list. Thank you!
    4
  4240. It is difficult to see, but they have Roman soldiers inscribed on them.
    4
  4241. Correct. I am sorry for the misstatement.
    4
  4242. The movie was based on a novel that was a work of fiction.
    4
  4243. Yes, these were uncommon names for the United States, and this was the only Ship of the US Navy or Coast Guard to bear the name Icarus.
    4
  4244. Thank you!
    4
  4245. I suspect that all the Pearl Harbor Battleships will get an episode eventually.
    4
  4246. It is astounding but true. Left with just a shirt collar and shoes.
    4
  4247. Similar instances in the modern era are still commonly called bank robberies. “Bank burglary” is simply not a commonly used term.
    4
  4248. Agreed. And Chivington escaped justice.
    4
  4249. I’d guess Reno…
    4
  4250. You can view a copy on internet archive. That is another interesting story of Cold War history that might be an episode some day.
    4
  4251. I taught at the university level for about a decade back in the Twentieth Century.
    4
  4252. Yes, it was a massive amount. Roughly an entire year’s tax revenue.
    4
  4253. It meant it had an armored deck.
    4
  4254. Welcome aboard! There are about 800 more…
    4
  4255. I had to switch out some historical photos where the women gasp didn't have their breasts covered.
    4
  4256. There are Royal units, like the Royal Irish and the Royal Engineers, and, of course, the Royal Corps of Signals.
    4
  4257. Dimes On His Eyes thank you!
    4
  4258. Sorry. One of the hats tipped too.
    4
  4259. The Gullah do have an interesting story, and, of course, a coincidental intersection with the Trelawny Maroons in that Gullah heritage is from Sierra Leone. We certainly may do an episode on the history of the Gullah at some point.
    4
  4260. The White Ship https://youtu.be/ORhQebiTxns
    4
  4261. Yes, he was a man.
    4
  4262. Doug Anway no- they took of from the road on front of Michaud- essentially next to the levee. Still impressive, since they did not have to dismantle the aircraft. Yes, the pilot had only one eye.
    4
  4263. Pookie
    4
  4264. Giovanni Martino (also known as John Martin.) The reason for his exclusion here is that he left before Custer's attack, and so did not "follow him into battle." In fact, he knows no more about what happened to Custer's five companies than the other survivors of the Reno-Benteen group. That is not, however, to denigrate his service. Interestingly, he also served in the wars of Italian unification. I may well do an episode on him at some point.
    4
  4265.  @Lillimelight  in May of 1911 the papers were writing that Titanic would sail in 1911. Titanic took, on whole, four months longer to complete than Olympic, though nearly the same design. That is to say, the March 20 date already seems to have represented a delay, further delayed because shipyard resources were shifted to Olympic. I think it possible that the Olympic accident delayed Titanic’s sailing by more than the eventual month listed.
    4
  4266. Well, it grows. ;)
    4
  4267. I did not, to my recollection, remove a comment from you. I see a few from you in the comments section. But I will be honest, it is my channel and thus my house, and I reserve the right to remove any comments I see fit.
    4
  4268. https://youtu.be/oJWjTp7DHEk
    4
  4269. Queeg played with ball bearings.
    4
  4270. There is a CHI code- it is an overall code that allows travel agents to look at any flight in or out of either Chicago airport
    4
  4271. East metro- O'Fallon.
    4
  4272. Yes, notably emperor Bao Dai, who seemed willing to collaborate with anyone who promised to maintain his standard of living. There were many who supported the Japanese only as superior to the French. and then, at the end of the war, the Japanese who had been occupying Indochina mostly supported the Viet Minh, seeing them as a superior alternative to the French/Americans.
    4
  4273. This is a podcast. We continue to release videos on our regular schedule, but also release a podcast every other week, and then post them here because some listeners have requested them.
    4
  4274. Here in the midwest it is still quite common to have predictions of large storms turn out to be nothing. Predictions of hurricane intensity have improved vastly over the last three decades. But the path of hurricane Ian turned out to be extremely difficult to predict. And while we may be able to better predict which storms are likely to produce tornadoes, when and where is still a guess, and warnings often cover hundreds of miles. The NOAA webpage sats that “predicting tornadoes is nearly impossible” NOAA suggests that seven day predictions are about 80% accurate, which is remarkable, but still incorrect 1 in 5 times. Respectfully, no, I do not believe that I am at all inaccurate in stating that weather prediction is still imperfect.
    4
  4275. Mentioned in this episode: https://youtu.be/MIOhQcgBQIw
    4
  4276. You can probably get it on a great sale tomorrow....
    4
  4277. Actually fifteen, as the one that was ejected in the blast was never recovered either.
    4
  4278. https://youtu.be/b8BPANZzsyU. https://youtu.be/cDwsnpo066g
    4
  4279. I suspect you mean the Indianapolis, as the Indiana survived the war.
    4
  4280. Col. Hague the F4U was named “Corsair” after the O2U that was introduced in 1926. Yes, the F4U-4 is simply a variant of the F4U. I do list the ordinance load. VF-32 was outfitted with the F4U-4 from 1949-51. I have never seen a reference about the event listing other than the F4U-4 .
    4
  4281.  @MartinSpamer  That is only true in some legal settings. To the military "misappropriation" is a theft crime.
    4
  4282. It was the early designation of the B-24, a reference to Consolidated's 30th land bomber design. Tinker was leading a group of USAAF bombers to pursue the Japanese fleet.
    4
  4283. Absolutely. Silk production thrived on Sicily during the Muslim period in the ninth century, and the abundance of mulberry trees in Sicily is because the leaves are favored by silkworms. In the thirteenth century Sicilian silk was exclusively used for the royal robes of the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II, who was also King of Sicily. In the seventeenth century the values of silk exports exceeded grain exports- the traditional economic engine of the island.
    4
  4284. Personally, I think the Corelone's are presented as anti-heroes in Puzo's work, rather than romanticizing them. Certainly our goal is not to romanticize organized crime, but to document it An understanding of the past informs the present. And, as you note, the people who fight such crime deserve to be remembered.
    4
  4285. Let me get through these first
    4
  4286. History is a story, so it builds to a climax. Just because it is in the last three minutes doesn’t mean that isn’t what the story is about
    4
  4287. That depends where, but most articles noting both deaths appeared between July 7 and 11.
    4
  4288. I don't control the ads- those come from Google.
    4
  4289. That is a compelling question that still perplexes scientists. Clearly they were over-hunted and over-exploited, but that does not explain how their population disappeared completely so quickly. I might do an episode on the subject just because the biology is so interesting.
    4
  4290. No, that is not sleep on. That is time constructing the bed. They carefully chose and weave the branches.
    4
  4291. CHRIS LJ a commonly advanced theory to explain the development of fairy lore is that there is a folk memory of people who came before an area’s present inhabitants. These may have been hidden or remnant populations living in caves or mountain recesses. Displaced or defeated populations might have preyed on occupiers during night-time raids. That was the point of my comment and nothing more.
    4
  4292. After the war, Cushing spent part of his career chasing pirates,
    4
  4293. As always, we make no comment on current politics.
    4
  4294. https://youtu.be/SowSuC0jNoI
    4
  4295. LOL not my thing.
    4
  4296. Maybe I'll do an episode on that someday. But this episode, of course, was about the 1900 events.
    4
  4297. Yeah, didn't have camels.
    4
  4298. We worked with SDASM on the topic, as she was a recent inductee into their hall of fame. Her legacy is history that deserves to be remembered, no matter the month. Respectfully, have you managed to accomplish as much as Olive Ann Beech? Are you exception or rule? History is still history, no matter how that fits your personal biases or political agenda.
    4
  4299. He was just fine. He was asking to be held- but he was wondering what his sister was up to.
    4
  4300. Actually there are some Spanish American War era videos from Edison- check the Library of Congress page. Although the vast majority of images available from the era are old enough to be PD, there are rare exceptions, so be careful. Wikipedia is a good starting point for images, as they will show what is in the Public Domain. The Internet Archive is helpful as well. A page called "SnappyGoat" will show only Public Domain images. The image sections of the New York Public Library, the Smithsonian Institution, and the National Archives and Records Administration are also useful.
    4
  4301. No- this is new.
    4
  4302. There was (disputed) a potential eruption of Krakatoa in 1680, and of course a major eruption in 1883. But in 1780 Europeans visited Krakatoa and chatted with friendly natives. Volcanic activity has been considered as a possibility for the Dark Day, but no documented eruption could be connected to the event.
    4
  4303. Yes, it would be impossible to cover all his adventures.
    4
  4304. But glow in the dark glasses are cool. And you can find them in the dark...
    4
  4305. Did they not show? The pair is made from the bottom of a cartridge casing.
    4
  4306. I very much respect military service. I gradated high school in 1982 when there was nothing much going on, and it was actually somehow difficult to even get a slot. Chatting with my guidance counselor, it did not seem worth trying to get in, given my eyesight (early dreams of being a pilot having been long dashed.)
    4
  4307. THG. The History Guy. T H G.
    4
  4308. A D we want to avoid current events and the emotions of current politics. But history is history as it happens, and we have covered topics into the 2000s.
    4
  4309. It is just an animated logo
    4
  4310. O’Bannon was sold for scrap in 1970 and broken up in 1972.
    4
  4311. Huh- that is odd
    4
  4312. Fremen Warrior I am sorry, I just do not see what your point is. Is there something in the episode that you feel is inaccurate?
    4
  4313. tnerb tnerb I am already working on a script thanks to you. I will make sure to give you credit.
    4
  4314. Yes, but Operation Chrome Dome had the bombers near ready for use. In North Carolina, the switch on one bomb had switched to "armed," apparently from the dynamics of the crash. However, there would have been no power to the unit at the time. The greater risk was what happened in Palomares- the high explosives explode in the impact, dispersing the nuclear material in the core.
    4
  4315. The etymology of the phrase is long disputed. We know the term was used in reference to Joseph McCoy, but it may well not have been the first and certainly isn't the only place it has been used.
    4
  4316. Eric Taylor I should say military trainer- the T1 Texan.
    4
  4317. Honduras made the claim in the 1920s. A CIA report in 1966 argued that, while we had the better legal claim, the islands could become the focus of opposition to the US. Given the limited value of the Islands, it was more valuable to US goals to cede them.
    4
  4318. https://youtu.be/BusyV-NnPf4
    4
  4319. MrArgus11111 I can say that I am not aiming for Bill Nye at all. Even though he is older than I am, friends were jokingly calling me “The History Guy” before his show aired, and I could tie a bow tie a decade before I ever heard his name. The channel didn’t start out with bow ties. I just happened to wear one once and viewers responded. I recently did a community poll and the bow ties got overwhelming support. I have also embraced them as they remind me of old school historians on the sorts of documentaries I loved as a kid. I don’t have any particular attitude about Bill Nye. But I was out of college before his children’s show started airing, and I’ve never seen more than a brief clip or two. Obviously I am aiming for a slightly more mature audience, and I just find him to be, I guess, hokey. That isn’t what I am aiming for in this channel.
    4
  4320. In fact, we have two of them.
    4
  4321. We normally post at 7 am Central on Monday, Wednesday and Friday.
    4
  4322. Those are Mardi Gras colors. A gift from a viewer.
    4
  4323. The general agreement seems to be that if a charter pilot in Alaska stuck to the VFR rules they wouldn't have any business. That isn't an excuse, but it does seem that flying in this case wasn't unusual practice.
    4
  4324. I wrote this script. Yes, it was a lot of information.
    4
  4325. Susan Wahl The anti-Chinese riots came a couple of years later. At least, I didn’t see that mentioned in connection to the Eureka stockade.
    4
  4326. Good catch. I apologized for the error.
    4
  4327.  @constancemiller3753  three, actually four, in that Penny made it into the show before she passed.
    4
  4328. @ Lol, sometimes I have trouble recalling myself, but I don’t think I have discussed it in depth. Perhaps in a future episode.
    4
  4329. Thank you!
    4
  4330. It is entitled: "The Holy Land Then and Now." I was unable to acquire a copy- it appears to be quite rare.
    4
  4331. Rey Castillo that is actually a silent film about public health. Cool little film.
    4
  4332. Fine. About $1.2 million per .454 kilograms.
    4
  4333. You are likely referring to Winfield Scott Hancock. But, actually, I think that both Winfield Scott Hancock and Winfield Scott Cunningham were named after General Winfield Scott- "Old Fuss and Feathers."
    4
  4334. They will all be replaced.
    4
  4335. The term refers to extra-judicial killings.
    4
  4336. https://youtu.be/lS1NyjidUnU
    4
  4337. carl jacobs I am rather happy that we did not do a live test of mutually assured destruction.
    4
  4338. carl jacobs the video does give context on the Cold War. And yes, I think that efforts like Apollo-Soyuz made nuclear war less likely.
    4
  4339. I believe you are looking for Eddy Grant.
    4
  4340. I have never heard that story.
    4
  4341. I do this for a living, and sponsors help me to do that.
    4
  4342.  @commonpike  I actually feel an obligation to treat my valued sponsors fairly.
    4
  4343. LOL
    4
  4344. The report says that Flusser personally aimed the cannon. I cannot guarantee that he pulled the lanyard. So far as I know, the ACME corporation was not involved.
    4
  4345. The “Black Cyclone.” I agree, he deserves to be remembered.
    4
  4346. Yes, the planned ballistic missile submarine will be the ninth Royal Navy vessel to carry the name.
    4
  4347. I actually bought it on Ebay. It just seemed sad to me that someone was selling it, and I thought that whoever it was deserved to be remembered.
    4
  4348. It was not made more clear in the trials. Personally, I think it likely that they paid a ransom and refused to admit it. Fiedler insisted that they had.
    4
  4349. Too much for three Americans and a Canadian, but not too much for a cat. Victoria was, apparently, a survivor.
    4
  4350. Those were supposedly just main camps- there were may, maybe hundreds, of sub camps. There were so many, and some many were temporary, that it is not clear that there is an accurate record of them all.
    4
  4351. While it is true that the American Bison is not actually a buffalo, that is what it was commonly called at the time, and almost certainly what the Archduke called the critter that he shot.
    4
  4352. Another tragic story, with global implications.
    4
  4353. I have cats, they decide when they want to be held.
    4
  4354. The depth makes that unlikely
    4
  4355. Yes Bayer was a German company. They supported Germany in both wars, making terrible war stuff. The IG Farben conglomerate, that held Bayer, was definitely complicit in Nazi crimes.
    4
  4356. Aviation Nut that is one of the risks.
    4
  4357. David Harris Wilcox. Weird story.
    4
  4358. They certainly saw it as evidence the US was trying to undermine them. But I don’t know, from the research, that they saw it as success. They were anxious to give the crew back because the attacks had already heavily damaged their Navy, and they wanted to avoid more damage. In fact, the episode seriously weakened them vs Vietnam, which gave a disadvantage in the coming Cambodia-Vietnamese war.
    4
  4359. The royal flush is the stone cold nuts. It deserves to be remembered.
    4
  4360. Yes. The tie and vest were a gift from a viewer
    4
  4361. They were in the 369th infantry?
    4
  4362. Obligatory from a SoDaker.
    4
  4363. Correct, I apologize for the error.
    4
  4364. LOL they are so happy that it is spring, and have no respect for filming schedule.
    4
  4365. I have cats. Sometimes they are around during filming. If they want to be in the video, they get to be in the video.
    4
  4366. https://youtu.be/wtQFJKHLzM4
    4
  4367. The city in Colorado was, the story goes, named after Vice President John C Breckinridge, a cousin of William C. P. Breckinridge.
    4
  4368. I use BC/AD because that accurately represents the history of how the convention was created.
    4
  4369. It is a ghastly tale...
    4
  4370. Exactly. And, in terms of the "marketplace of ideas," how will we know what ideas actually should be despised if we do not allow them into the marketplace? We help people with bad ideas if we do not allow those ideas to be subject to scrutiny.
    4
  4371. I left out a number of things- there are so many different ice cream treats that there might be more episodes.
    4
  4372. This was one of my first episodes, before I had settled on the bow tie.
    4
  4373. LOL- that only draws more jokes.
    4
  4374. I’ll be in London on the 11th.
    4
  4375. Yup- I was going to bring that in, but there was not time.
    4
  4376. dcwhitworth many narratives on the Battle of the Bulge describe it as the last major German offensive of the war, or at least the last on the Western front. I agree that that is an overstatement.
    4
  4377. The risk was an explosion of the high explosives dispersing radioactive material.
    4
  4378. Joe Foss was a talented fighter ace who flew with the Cactus Air Force, but "Cactus Air Force" was the overall name of the air power group assigned to defend Guadalcanal, and the term was derived for the US codeword for the island, "cactus."
    4
  4379. Thank you!
    4
  4380. I suspect that was the 1925 Tri-State outbreak.
    4
  4381. Pepperbox pistols.
    4
  4382. I did not mean to slight the M4, which I think has been unfairly maligned, but it is simply untrue that its effective frontal armor matched that of the Tiger, even accounting for slope. The effective frontal armor of an M4 was about 60 mm, while the Tiger had 100 mm. The "five tanks" myth is overstated, and the allied kill versus loss record in the ETO good for an army on attack. But the M4 was not, one on one, the same class as the Tiger. Even Pool realized that effectively combatting the PzKpfw V require maneuver.
    4
  4383. The rescue was an extraordinary feat. the Chris Pine movie was well worth watching. That may well be an episode.
    4
  4384. The topic of this video comes in the post-Viking age. We do not ignore the raiding. Nor do we assert that anyone is "benevolent." History is History.
    4
  4385. We honestly try to pick by story rather than by skin color. But I agree, there are many untold stories with Black protagonists. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGiGoRJ5Nz_rQYc80Oq7rbgp
    4
  4386. sharadowasdr civilian casualties are hard to account, partly because there was no accurate census before. But the losses included famine and disease as a result, and were certainly considerable. This episode was focused on the Rani, but I do intend to spend some more time on other topics related to the 1857 rebellion.
    4
  4387. Sunny CyclingSailing you are absolutely correct. Thank you for the correction!
    4
  4388. RemzofFrance it is. Please forgive the American accent.
    3
  4389. Geoffrey Mowbray you are absolutely correct, and that was not the only instance where allied and civilian prisoners were killed in allied Submarine attacks.
    3
  4390. Thank you! I am self-taught on the software (Cyberlink PowerDirector) I still make some mistakes, and learn new tricks all the time. I would recommend the software for YouTube.
    3
  4391. oh journals as one of the old history geeks, you are very welcome!
    3
  4392. Susan Wahl LOL-I had missed this comment. Neoplatonists and Napoleons are not quite the same. :)
    3
  4393. Ralfy Bebe maybe more interesting is that it was not Magellan's intent to circumnavigate the globe. He was searching for a "western route" to the east indies for Spain, and planned to return via the Pacific. Elcano's choice to return via the horn was one of necessity, not an intent to circumnavigate the globe. Had Magellan not been killed at Mactan, the voyage likely would not have circumnavigated the globe, which is, ironically, the accomplishment for which it is famous.
    3
  4394. Everything Nick It was a move that shocked the World. He could have been king and chose not to.
    3
  4395. It can- he had some absurdly close calls and somehow never took a serious wound in battle. His weathering Braddock's defeat without a scratch certainly seems evidence that providence was, indeed, on his side.
    3
  4396. Nez Castro-Rioja that is certainly an interesting and little known story.
    3
  4397. Great ideas! I will be researching and working some in soon. Thank you!
    3
  4398. Hyde referred to the round as a "dud." But yes, we don't know for sure what type of shell was fired. Oddly, though it had to have been a five-inch shell, the hole was eight inches, leading Hyde to assume it was fired by a cruiser.
    3
  4399. The computer cheats. It recognizes your hand signal as it starts to appear.
    3
  4400. That is a good story. Thanks!
    3
  4401. Oh it's not the Greek, its the meek! I am glad they are getting something...
    3
  4402. That was a quotation, but it does sound incorrect. At least one source suggest Bristol Blenheims.
    3
  4403. The DMC-12 was designed by an American, William T. Collins, who was formerly the chief engineer for Pontiac. Although it was later significantly re-engineered by Chapman, those changes were more in the materials. The aesthetic, including the gull wing doors and distinctive shape, came from Collins. The mechanics for the Gull wing doors were designed by Grumman Aerospace. The stainless steel panels came from Italian designer Giorgetto Giugiaro.
    3
  4404. an unintended pun
    3
  4405. Nuts, which are actually fruit, do have an interesting history.
    3
  4406. I apologize for the error.
    3
  4407. University of Colorado class of 1989.
    3
  4408. There were certainly a number of close calls. I don’t know if the failure to kill everyone is a sign of the effectiveness of the safeguards or simply luck. And the risk does still remain.
    3
  4409. More about those attractions here: Next Exit: A History of Roadside Attractions https://youtu.be/XYHDN98MM1w
    3
  4410. While uncertain, the phrase was likely derived from an Advertisement for Wonder Bread. The original ad said “the greatest forward step in the baking industry since bread was wrapped.” Thus, sliced bread was the best thing since wrapped bread. While the idiom seems to have evolved from there into common usage, its first documented use is often attributed to comedian Red Skelton in a 1952 interview where he said to “not worry about television, its the greatest thing since sliced bread.”
    3
  4411. That might well be the case. It certainly seems that Magellan was caught up in local politics that he did not fully understand.
    3
  4412. He was. I may do an episode on that some day.
    3
  4413. At 7:18 there is a photo with American Naval officers on the deck, but the story is different. Those two officers were captured by U-152 when it sunk their ship, the USS Ticonderoga. That is also an interesting story.
    3
  4414. @ that is where he was originally buried, yes. But owing to a clerical error, his remains were removed during a nineteenth century renovation and included in an unmarked mass grave.
    3
  4415. Ken Adair an endorheic system can be freshwater. The Aral sea is fed exclusively by freshwater sources. In 1960 the lake had a salinity of about 10ppt, which is average for freshwater. As the water level dropped salinity increased, killing most of the fish populations.
    3
  4416. The unit history makes no mention of how the Pack 75s were “acquired.”
    3
  4417. I came from the era when the pieces were made of wood
    3
  4418. We have three cats. This one is Pookie, and he is the most friendly cat in world. Although, truth be told, I think he was mainly begging for treats...
    3
  4419. Brew: A Brief History of Coffee https://youtu.be/yxdTpNOeeyE
    3
  4420. There is. I have created playlists by subject: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4sEmXUuWIFlxRIFBRV6VXQ/playlists
    3
  4421. Correct, after initial losses the British brought overwhelming force. That was actually fairly typical of the imperial wars of the Victorian era. However, the size of the army needed and level of mobilization, including colonial and territorial forces that had never been used before on foreign soil is a testament to the prowess of the Boer armies. The war shocked both the British army and populace, but also gave rise to new tactics and leadership that would serve the British in the Great War. The Boer position depended upon quick victory, and the Boer armies were unable to leverage their initial gains into something that could end the war.
    3
  4422. Not the original Orioles, the 1901/02 American League Orioles.
    3
  4423. dojokonojo that is true. The Sherman could fit two to a railcar. It also was the maximum weight that the crane on a liberty ship could handle.
    3
  4424. His name is Pookie, and he is eighteen. He is a very friendly fellow who was demanding lap time.
    3
  4425. Very like, yes.
    3
  4426. Randy Magnum that is the actual color of snow.
    3
  4427. That is how a naval compliment is traditionally stated
    3
  4428. The simple version is that my father spent his time watching War Documentaries and John Wayne movies and it rubbed off on me. I earned a bachelor's degree in History from the University of Colorado in 1989.
    3
  4429. They are still around. AFRN electronic transcriptions are available on eBay.
    3
  4430. Presumably there was not a worry, since they were not intended to go outside the ship or station.
    3
  4431. Thank you!
    3
  4432. Go Pokes! My memory might be faulty, but I think that most of the time during the school year it was snowing so badly that you couldn't see the fence on the side of the road.
    3
  4433. Yup. That is, essentially, the story of history.
    3
  4434. It is a fair point that both sides accused the other of foul play. Would a nation be required to leave its commercial vessels defenseless? In fact, the issue still is not firmly resolved in international law.
    3
  4435. https://youtu.be/LbfX76LaZ3A
    3
  4436. Thank you!
    3
  4437. Yes it is.
    3
  4438. LOL I do not see earning income as a shame. I understand that some people don't refer sponsored videos- that is why I make it clear that an episode is sponsored at the start., in case you prefer to watch one of our nearly 300 episodes without sponsored content.
    3
  4439. That is a fair point- and there are some parallels. I am surprised how little Americans seem to remember that we fought a nineteen year long war in Haiti.
    3
  4440. Those are the Maunsell sea forts. At least one is still occupied. https://youtu.be/dlexo-003lE
    3
  4441. Sorry, you are incorrect.
    3
  4442. How dare they defend their island and culture from invaders. England would never do such a thing.
    3
  4443. But you are ok with shooting them in their own land?
    3
  4444. The complaint that the 8.8 cm easily penetrated the M4 was not intended to disrespect the tank, which I personally think is unfairly maligned.
    3
  4445. Just a coincidence
    3
  4446. Fair point. The FJ-1 Fury was the first jet aircraft in USN service to serve at sea under operational conditions.
    3
  4447. https://youtu.be/WuNCCVXV9cw
    3
  4448. The H model is powered by the Pratt & Whitney JT3D, which is a turbofan engine.
    3
  4449. Heavens no- the Commonwealth of Australia was created in 1901.
    3
  4450. I misspoke- thank you for the correction!
    3
  4451. I did as well- this is like my fourth career.
    3
  4452. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pN1uWf2_t_g
    3
  4453. The references I saw researching the video all used the term "eggbeater." The etymology is not clear, but it appears that the term "chopper" as a nickname for helicopters started during the Korean conflict.
    3
  4454. Brandywine creek is a tributary of the Christina river and runs from Pennsylvania into Delaware. The battle was fought at Chadds Ford, in Pennsylvania south and west of Philadelphia.
    3
  4455. Fair point. The descriptions I used were from contemporary newspaper reports, which, or course, were not entirely reliable. Spee’s description, though, supports the newspapers. He described Monmouth as sunk, but Good Hope having run towards shore with fate unknown.
    3
  4456. This episode was not about the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii. We might have a full episode on those events at some point, but we discussed the US role in this episode: https://youtu.be/QIcOI4a0LP8
    3
  4457.  @BigPatViggen  this was largely a conflict between citizens of Canada. While there were British regiments involved, there were also units of loyalist militia.
    3
  4458. Different people have different interests. I think it unfair to assert that people whose interest is not lawn mowing are "self-absorbed." Personally, I used to love lawn care, but them moved to a place with humidity,
    3
  4459. They actually started importing them at one point. Reportedly they are still reasonably rare in China, but the conservation status of world population of Eurasian tree sparrows is listed as "least concern."
    3
  4460. https://youtu.be/XKwY3Sn7caQ
    3
  4461. Yes, Carlo, although he spelled the name Buonaparte
    3
  4462. Yes
    3
  4463. Obviously this wasn't an episode about Lusitania. But the question was more than the cargo. Wilson was never going to accept sinking a massive passenger liner full of people over that cargo. The US certainly wanted to have its cake and eat it too- essentially supplying Britain while claiming neutrality. But Germany accepted that game because they didn't want the US in the war.
    3
  4464. It is not my job to judge history, but to tell history.
    3
  4465.  @liberalsockpuppet4772  Well, from the start, I am not what you’d call good at the game, but I do enjoy playing. I really lack focus- I’ll log on and play four or five rounds, but all on different ships. I’d say that I enjoy cruisers the most.
    3
  4466. All the famous Sikorsky helicopters have been American manufactured.
    3
  4467. Giovanni Salvatore I am not trying to make judgements on anyone’s actions. History is history. Craxi and Reagan managed an accommodation that served both of their political goals.
    3
  4468.  @skyedog24  do which? Yes I play World of Warships.
    3
  4469. This topic could easily take hours. I aim to tell the essence of the story and hopefully spur viewers to search out more on their own.
    3
  4470. Joseph Calabrese that is a fair question and an interesting topic idea. Thanks!
    3
  4471. Hardscrabble Blake 1968 cheap reproduction
    3
  4472. Correct- they thought very little of it, it was just part of life.
    3
  4473. There is a replica plaque at Oracle Stadium in San Francisco, where the Giants play.
    3
  4474. His response was that they were getting plenty of applicants who met the requirement, so he saw no reason to change it. I could not find the original justification for the rule.
    3
  4475. We did an episode on that one too: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dngumAV1OLs
    3
  4476. There was no intent to endear you to Picasso or his art. The intent was to present the forgotten history of the women behind it.
    3
  4477. There may be some future episodes, yes. I intend to do more episodes on native American history. I do talk about some of the native American trails here: https://youtu.be/Zm4udEYkyqY
    3
  4478. LOL well the fact that we were just there last month taking pictures of them ties them together as well. We'll have more Galveston related content in the near future.
    3
  4479. Thank you!
    3
  4480. windshear33 pronounced just like it’s spelled, right? ;)
    3
  4481. Christopher Conard One Kansas City Place is very close to the same height. That building is actually taller than the arch if you count it’s spire.
    3
  4482. Thsnk you!
    3
  4483. I seriously have nothing to do with whatever Google Ads plays
    3
  4484. On the contrary, Herodotus referred to the area of the former kingdom of Canaan as Palestine in the fifth century BC, and the common name for the region used by historians in the era of the Seleucid conquest was Palestine. That, of course, is not intended as any statement on modern politics, and not directly related to the Roman renaming of Judea.
    3
  4485. Greyhound was based on the novel "The Good Shepherd," a work of fiction. The author, C.S. Forrester, also wrote the Horatio Hornblower series.
    3
  4486. Thank you!
    3
  4487. Seiner Majestät Schiff (pronounced [ˈzaɪ̯nɐ majɛsˈtɛːt ʃɪf]; German: "His Majesty's Ship", abbreviated to S.M.S. or SMS)
    3
  4488. Thank you!
    3
  4489. 250 in 1830
    3
  4490. I very much enjoyed Winchester's book and may do an episode, but with the movie in production it also may seem derivative. I wish I had done it earlier. It is a good story though.
    3
  4491. Very possibly, yes.
    3
  4492. The contract requires that we put the sponsored at the beginning of the video. We understand that some viewers do not prefer to see sponsored content. That is why we made it clear from the opening screen that the episode was sponsored, in case you prefer to choose one of our nearly three hundred episodes without sponsored content. The content that you enjoy on YouTube is produced by creators, who dedicate their time and resources to producing videos for you to enjoy. Earning a living from your efforts is not "trite."
    3
  4493. Well, they took them off the planes, where the fires were more likely. But even then, it was after decades of scientists' complaints. I think the argument was that there was still testing to do. The military hates to give up weapons that are still functional...
    3
  4494. Those were dolphins, yes I have dolphin cufflinks.
    3
  4495. Dean Stuart yup- the reason they couldn't use the Suez. There just wasn't enough time to include it in the video.
    3
  4496. It was a depot until the new building was built, when the routes were changed and it became a terminal.
    3
  4497. Thank you!
    3
  4498. The change was small enough that they were able to do it via regular maintenance.
    3
  4499. No, I can’t choose them. And why would I pass up ad revenue? This pays my mortgage.
    3
  4500. The most complex of creatures, no researcher has been brave enough to study them in the wild. They seem to feed on peoples' careers...
    3
  4501. At least a small connection. Around 7:50 I mentioned the massacre of members of Pulaski's Legion in New Jersey. That actually occurred at a place called Little Egg Harbor. The area was a haunt for American privateers who preyed on British shipping. The Legion was there to protect those privateers from British troops harassing them. So yes, all good stories DO involve pirates.
    3
  4502. George S Patton's paternal grandfather, George S Patton Sr, was a CSA Colonel of the 22nd Virginia Infantry. He was mortally wounded at the September, 1864 Battle of Opequon Creek. George S Patton's son, George Smith Patton IV, was also a Major General in the US Army, famously striking up a friendship with Erwin Rommel's son Manfred while stationed in Germany.
    3
  4503. Personally, I have always been fascinated by it. For example, I have known, from heart, Tennyson"s poem "The Charge of the Light Brigade" so long that I don't recall memorizing it- I just have always known it. My Dad loved history documentaries like "The World at War" and "Victory at Sea,' and any old war movie or western. I guess that rubbed off on me.
    3
  4504. It was officially declared completed by the Sculptor's son Lincoln Borglum, who had taken over the project after his father's death. However, the original models had the figures sculpted to the waist.
    3
  4505. Actually from the website, but I think the two are the same organization. https://www.townsends.us/blogs/blog/18th-century-currants
    3
  4506. Information is on the link. But the event is both virtual and family friendly, so get drunk with The History Guy would have to be another time.
    3
  4507. We understand that some people prefer not to see sponsored content. We produce twelve episodes a month, and have never had more than two that were sponsored. Of our catalogue of some 350 episodes, a total of five so far have sponsored content. We believe that we produce ample content for people who do not wish to see the sponsored episodes. Alternatively, we provide ad -free versions of all episodes for our patrons on Patreon. Please understand that what you call "going commercial" we call "getting paid for our time and effort."
    3
  4508. I usually do the British pronunciation, but it sounds quite odd to the American ear.
    3
  4509. Last shots of the American Civil War and the CSS Shenandoah. Updated episode. https://youtu.be/oJWjTp7DHEk
    3
  4510. he did. In fact he was fitted with early scleral lenses. But he did not wear them on set, as he thought they made him look "bug eyed." It was reported that he would sometimes do press conferences with one contact lens, allowing him to gauge audience reaction with that eye.
    3
  4511. Liberty ships were built in shipyards, not a factory. They used a modular design. But, like the Eagle boats, the vessels has difficulty, and the process was more war exigence than a revolution in shipbuilding.
    3
  4512. Yes, in the end the underlying product is the same. But, at times, vendors have used the switch as a means to increase prices. That was the key issue in the Quebra–Quilos revolt in Brazil.
    3
  4513. Sorry for the misspeak.
    3
  4514. That was just a scam impersonator. I reported them.
    3
  4515. There can't be female rocket scientists?
    3
  4516. Thank you!
    3
  4517. Our Rumble is set to sync with YouTube, but sometimes the process takes time. Several videos show on Rumble as “pending.”
    3
  4518. Mbarki Prods this is about the king of the Barbary Pirates. Were you looking for another era? https://youtu.be/BIqrNF--gks
    3
  4519. durbeyfield I had not heard it that way, but it is believable. Clearly he was murdered on thin pretext by someone who would have wanted to murder him anyway.
    3
  4520. But no one not from Minnesota can properly pronounce the “o” in Minnesota.
    3
  4521.  @davidkehoe4144  Canada is not, and has never been, part of the United Kingdom. The Prime Minister is the head of Parliament. The Parliament is the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. “England” has not existed as a political entity since the Acts of Union in 1707.
    3
  4522. Yes, that is the Dalton gang. I use photos in the public domain, so sometimes they must be illustrative rather than exact.
    3
  4523. That was not me responding, but an impersonator. I reported them to YouTube.
    3
  4524. The video has not been posted yet- and is unlisted so the sponsor can approve it. You shouldn't be able to view it unless someone shared the direct link.
    3
  4525. It is just an animated logo. Change is hard...
    3
  4526. I think the effort that apes put into their beds is highly instructive about the importance of our beds.
    3
  4527. It purportedly tastes terrible, with oily, waxy flesh. Apparently one secret of surviving fifty million years is to be something other things don’t like to eat.
    3
  4528. Agreed- it was not the focus of the episode, but more certainly could be said.
    3
  4529. They were clearly domesticated 2000 years ago. The Old Testament is thought to have occurred 1500 - 2000 years earlier.
    3
  4530. I used quite a few resources, but this is a good one, and the one I mention at the end of the episode. Let me know if there is something specific in the episode that isn't in this one. http://www.spokesman.com/stories/2012/sep/09/ten-minutes-from-home/
    3
  4531. Very much so- he actually fathered a child at age 75.
    3
  4532.  @GrizzAxxemann  lol, no, that is not me.
    3
  4533. Fair point. Stanislaw II was king of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania.
    3
  4534. No worries, it is odd how the system works. I have some ability to decline ads, but I don't have the ability to shut off all political ads as a class. Obviously Google also wants to sell as many ads as possible.
    3
  4535. Fair point. I am sorry for the mistake.
    3
  4536. I might be putting some up on Patreon.
    3
  4537. France wasn’t fond of them by the time they died.
    3
  4538. Robert Todd Lincoln had three grandchildren, all who died without issue, ending the direct line of Abraham Lincoln.
    3
  4539. That was not a book, but a metal sign that was given to me by our friends at the tank museum. You can't see them, but I was also wearing Tiger 131 cuff links.
    3
  4540. No- Paris of Troy handed an apple to the winner in the Judgement of Paris. The apple represented Aphrodite winning the contest as the most beautiful of the goddesses.
    3
  4541. Happy Birthday!
    3
  4542. There were multiple deception operations- you are correct, some get lost in the mix.
    3
  4543. I always wear pants when filming.
    3
  4544. The vast majority of the conservative Democrats stayed with the party.
    3
  4545. Someone sent a picture of a cow.
    3
  4546. I got to go to the top of Mount Rushmore when I was a Ranger there.
    3
  4547. It is described in many works, including those of Appian, Suetonius and Plutarch.
    3
  4548. Yes, it does.
    3
  4549. Respectfully, the term “Civil War” as it is used in academic study (a field called polemology or “war studies”) defines a Civil War as a war between organized groups within the same country or state. While the war may be fought over control of the central state, it also may be fought over control of a region, rather than the central state. Wars of regional independence are generally classified as Civil Wars, (for example the Civil War in Iraq wherein Kurds seek to control an autonomous region.). The classification of the US Civil War as a Civil War is well within the classic historical and geopolitical use and understanding of the term.
    3
  4550. https://youtu.be/kRQE8egD1y0
    3
  4551. Correct, Rudolf Höss, camp commandant.
    3
  4552. That is a point of some discussion, briefly mentioned at the end. It os questionable whether those troops ever fought from horseback, more or less used the shock tactics of a cavalry charge.
    3
  4553. It depends upon the topic.
    3
  4554. https://youtu.be/WZiVdGvhzVo
    3
  4555. https://youtu.be/7vyjF6ro2Jo
    3
  4556. They were reinterred at the Savanna memorial.
    3
  4557. That is not me, just one of those silly scumbag impersonators. I blocked and reported them.
    3
  4558. James Jacocks most of the Confederate sailors were covered under the general amnesty, but commerce raiders were not. The crew of the Alabama surrendered as confederate artillerymen. The US demanded that England arrest the crew of the Shenandoah as pirates, but England determined that they had committed no war crimes and refused. We don’t know what happened to all the crew, but several, including Waddell, are known to have eventually returned to the US after tension had died down. Some of the crew were known to migrate to South America, where several former confederates resettled. Others hailed from England or elsewhere in the Empire and presumably went home. None of the crew were ever tried in the US for any supposed crimes committed while on the Shenandoah.
    3
  4559. LOL by no means last.
    3
  4560. The spice trade is interesting history
    3
  4561. We have done several videos featuring the U.S. Coast Guard: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhl14PcSOmkB-KWtmDn64VE
    3
  4562. Obviously there is substantial disagreement over what constitutes northern and southern states. But no, there is not some objective consensus on eleven. "Southern" is not the same as Confederate. The proclamation that 'West Virginia is the most northern of the southern states" is common, and not a fabrication of mine. The US Census bureau counts sixteen states and the District of Columbia as composing the US South, West Virginia included. The vast majority of West Virginia is south of the Mason-Dixon line.
    3
  4563. We post every Monday, Wednesday and Friday. You can avoid the random recommended list and find them all at TheHistoryGuy.com
    3
  4564. The name was derived from a native name, and the origin of the native name is unclear. But there is a lot of yellow sulfuric stone in the Yellowstone area.
    3
  4565. He does like to be held
    3
  4566. Will you be around? I am sure there will be time to meet fans.
    3
  4567. Hatuletoh yeah- I grew up in the Black Hills and never once heard it pronounced “led” like the metal. The locals always called it “Leed.”
    3
  4568. Much if the story of the earthquake and fire is covered in this episode: https://youtu.be/TxbZlRuo9MI
    3
  4569. If stored in a cool, dark, dry space they can last months. They would also occasionally be taken, washed and sorted.
    3
  4570. Lol- well those are probably still legends. I don’t know that we’ve seen an actual headless horseman.
    3
  4571. Yes, baseball was segregated in the period when Grant played.
    3
  4572. The first draftees were actually inducted in October of 1940. The goal was to grow the size of the military, although the argument was more about defense than potential deployment. In fact, by law they could only be deployed in the Western Hemisphere. Yes, the service was often described as boring and tedious, as troops were stationed in the US with little to do.
    3
  4573. A good crew could do a mile per hour. They had a lot of crews going.
    3
  4574. xephael assuming that Achilles actually existed, he would have been dead around 800 years before this battle.
    3
  4575. The newspapers didn’t say.
    3
  4576. Yes, I have lost about thirty pounds since last summer.
    3
  4577. My wife's Great Uncle built it and donated it to the set.
    3
  4578. I was making no political statement by using their number. Some other estimates are lower- around 750,000- still more than any other animal.
    3
  4579. Fell free to email me at thg@thehistoryguy.net. If we have enough information, I would love to tell your grandfather's story.
    3
  4580. They broadcast at 11pm Eastern.
    3
  4581. There was no mention of coffee cups in the after action report, as there was with USS Buckley fighting the U-66. https://youtu.be/YIBF4HwtANA
    3
  4582. Who knows- maybe someday.
    3
  4583. I'll take that as a compliment.
    3
  4584. LOL
    3
  4585. The legend is that the Gods shed their blood on it- meaning it is a gift from the Gods. No, blood is not used in chocolate production.
    3
  4586. Brave men whose contributions are not not as acknowledged as they should be.
    3
  4587. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhaqf9Nk_fkzRlQNrsB2iMb
    3
  4588. Happy New Year!
    3
  4589. That was Union Park. They moved heavy clay from the outfield to the plate. They also sloped the baselines to keep bunts inbounds.
    3
  4590. My understanding is that Red Tides do not necessarily mean increased concentrations of Domonic acid. It depends upon the types of phytoplankton involved and how it works its way into the food chain.
    3
  4591. Happy Birthday Debbie!
    3
  4592. You can invest how you please, but literally nothing in your comment is accurate. Art is a tangible asset, exactly as gold is. Everything of value can lose or gain that value, but a Picasso is nothing like bitcoin.
    3
  4593. The "ad bump" at the beginning is required to indicate to viewers that the episode includes sponsored content.
    3
  4594. https://youtu.be/tbKgFWUMgIc
    3
  4595. Squab is actually very popular in China, and it is a primary market for the commercial market.
    3
  4596. The river crosses through more nations than any other.
    3
  4597. That was the plot of an episode of The Orville
    3
  4598. LOL
    3
  4599. Getting close to fifty
    3
  4600. Bill Leutzinger very similar to the Maunsell sea forts, but an ill-fated program. Yes, I may well do an episode in the future.
    3
  4601. Many did, but I think it is fair to say that most ended in a scrapyard.
    3
  4602. ecpgieicg the Tiger II had a sixty degree slope on the rear armor, which increases the effective thickness from 80mm to about 92mm, but that difference is small given the relative range. I also suspect, given the height of the turret on the M8 and the close range, that the rounds may have been hitting the top rear deck, which is much thinner. The bottom line is that I personally find a Tiger II to be plausible given the description of the attack and the location.
    3
  4603. No, it happened in Arkansas.
    3
  4604. LOL
    3
  4605. He is very often portrayed with a kerchief that is tied much like a bow tie.
    3
  4606. Fair point.
    3
  4607. That was a period newspaper’s take in 1910. Amelia was 13 years old.
    3
  4608. Quite possibly- he was an interesting fellow.
    3
  4609. Good series!
    3
  4610. I've had steady work pretty much since I graduated- but never before actually using the degree.
    3
  4611. Yes, it is.
    3
  4612. I am just fine.
    3
  4613. Gene Still thank you for your service! Yes, the newer version uses molded polyurethane, and is not nearly as cool as the old presses fiber ones.
    3
  4614. I know!
    3
  4615. https://youtu.be/yIrSBmG46n8
    3
  4616. Historically a frigate was a class just below a ship of the line.
    3
  4617. There seem to be constant arguments over pronunciation. I respect your position. Here in America Knut Rockne is a famous sports hero, and the name is usually pronounced "Noot." But in the context of Cnut the Great, Cnut's name is very frequently spelled "Canute," as in the story of King Canute and the Tide. I have become resigned to the fact that there will always be disagreements over pronunciation, especially place names. Multiple episodes have sparked a spirited discussion over the pronunciation of the word "Route." But this is a channel presented in English, and I generally trust pronunciation guides, which are usually designed around the pronunciation that would be used on television news.
    3
  4618. Fair point, Kit Cavanaugh is an example of a female who masqueraded as male in order to fight in war. But Pulaski's life was well documented, and he certainly was not a female.
    3
  4619. That is a fair point, although the topic of the episode was the Assault helicopter Companies, it was infantry they were dropping into the fire.
    3
  4620. I don't think she was tired, just happy to be held.
    3
  4621. Hearing issues are common with the breed.
    3
  4622. I used the actual local pronunciation. You'll have to take the issue up with the residents of New Madrid.
    3
  4623. Garret LeBuis well, it is a period when newspaper headlines said things like “dark and damnable deeds done in the blackness of night by fiends.”
    3
  4624. Communion wafers are an integral part of the story.
    3
  4625. https://youtu.be/_dQzYdFY_w4?si=mOZbDuVbXrtJZym0
    3
  4626. It was $100. It was a loan, that included a percentage of the profit. He paid it off within the year. Reportedly, his mother offered the loan only if he could plow a rocky field, making a new bit of land productive.
    3
  4627. It is hard to tell if that was the typical Soviet/Russian opacity, or simply a denial that their equipment could fail on its own.
    3
  4628.  @lizbrock8016  I don’t use AI. You are both very rude and not nearly as good at identifying AI as you seem to imagine you are.
    3
  4629. Mr Smith's book is called "Alias Soapy Smith" and can be purchased here: https://www.soapysmith.net/id50.html
    3
  4630. The Navy says that the weapon broke apart before reaching the seabed, and the bomb parts have decayed enough that no detonation is possible. They have reported some radiation leakage, but claim there is no health risk since it is so deep.
    3
  4631. moonspots01 a long long time ago I was a national park ranger at Fort Necessity.
    3
  4632. Filming takes about two hours. Processing (largely collecting the media) another two to four. Research time depends on the topic. I do script the episodes, but all pieces done to camera are done from memory- no cue cards or teleprompter. I write most scripts, but my wife also authors some episodes.
    3
  4633. Totally coincidence, I had no idea that was happening.
    3
  4634. I do plane to talk about the Black Prince and Poitiers some time...
    3
  4635. The log book was missing
    3
  4636. That may be another episode in the future.
    3
  4637. The word "patriot" has an interesting history. In brief, while the word always meant a person loyal to their country and willing to defend it, sometime near the end of the seventeenth century it began to be used ironically. That is, a "patriot" was a person who claimed devotion to government as an excuse to attack it. "Patriots" were those rabble rousers that were stirred up by politicians. By the time of the American revolution, the term had come to be used to mean the opposite of its original intent. Lexicographer Samuel Johnson gave is meaning to be "ironically for a factious disturber of the government." The term "patriot" was actually first used as a pejorative regarding the rebellious Americans, who at the time saw themselves as defenders of natural law. (One of the most common complaints about the taxes is that they were unconstitutional under the Magna Carta.) Some of the early American rebels rejected the term because of its negative connotations, and were more likely to call themselves Whigs, supporting the British Whig party. But the rebels started to embrace the term, which then morphed to mean advocating for independence of a person's native soil against a foreign power. I think very few started out calling for independence. That notion evolved, largely driven by the Intolerable Acts. While a conservative loyal to the crown might actually have met the traditional definition of a "patriot," they would never have used the term, calling themselves instead "Loyalists."
    3
  4638. Yes. All the trouble seemed to be at the back end of the procession
    3
  4639. The only thing that has prevented me is that there is already a lot on YouTube about the battle, and I haven't found a unique angle on it. It is impressive how well even the M2s performed against MBTs.
    3
  4640. We get literally tens of thousands of suggestions a year. We do take them seriously, but we cannot guarantee that a particular topic will get made, nor do we promise to provide any sort of credit, as we often get ideas from multiple sources.
    3
  4641. Certainly I plan to do more on the Coast Guard. Yes, USRC Pickering was mighty.
    3
  4642. snubbedpeer I am not filming a map, I am using a public domain image. Resolution varies, but I can only use what is available.
    3
  4643. Happy Birthday!
    3
  4644. He is.
    3
  4645. That is how NASA pronounced the program. See the pinned comment.
    3
  4646. If a fire burns in the forest and no one is there to see it...
    3
  4647. We cover a broad range of both time periods and geography. This is our Rome playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhsqoIXiAnIaHE5HVSkrfOf
    3
  4648. Ken Taylor lived long enough to see, and, reportedly, disapprove, of the 2001 film.
    3
  4649. My understanding is that there is legislation proposed to specifically review Medals of Honor awarded for the 1890 Wounded Knee Massacre. There are multiple issues involved, not just for the Army actions that day, but under the argument that awards were given for dubious cause in order to make the event seem heroic. Twenty men were awarded Medals of Honor in the Action. A 1916/17 review board under General Nelson Miles revoked several hundred Medals of Honor that were given for dubious cause during the Civil War, as well as a handful that had been given to civilians despite if being a military honor. The medals to civilians, including for Mary Edwards Walker and William F Cody were eventually reinstated.
    3
  4650. Actually Brezhnev found out through the press and sent Carter a letter, and the ham handed response ended up causing quite a lot of tension.
    3
  4651. We use Public Domain images, and sometimes resolution is not the best. I have spent a lot of time trying to improve with filters and programs, but find they make little difference.
    3
  4652. Correct. I planned to talk more about him, but it was too off topic.
    3
  4653. It went to the Savannah River Site nuclear reservation in South Carolina. The site is managed by the Department of Energy
    3
  4654. C02 comes in liquid form and has many common uses.
    3
  4655. Lol-I loved City of Heroes
    3
  4656. The film was released in 2006 and does have a character loosely based on Eugene Bullard.
    3
  4657. Well, it was published in 1895, so they probably didn't think anything of it. I guess it is not entirely impossible that any potential burglar could be startled away.
    3
  4658. International Year of the Camelids baby! Wooooo!
    3
  4659. Brett Spilcker I do- 1950s era
    3
  4660. Well there was the one…
    3
  4661. Please use suggestions@thehistoryguy.net
    3
  4662. I just checked and they are playing just fine on Rumble for me. I don't know the issue, but you might need to ask Rumble.
    3
  4663. No idea…
    3
  4664. It is next to the Mig helmet at the top. I moved it to display the 1943 Mae West sent by a viewer.
    3
  4665. Correct. Sorry.
    3
  4666. @ not wrong. Beer was well known in America in the eighteenth century, but not a central or defining part of culture, especially compared to Europe. Beer became more prevalent in the US in the latter half of the nineteenth century. But prohibition and anti-German sentiment nearly killed the US brewing industry in the first decades of the twentieth century.
    3
  4667. There is certainly still an England, which is a country within the United Kingdom with a long and rich history. But England is no longer a kingdom, and the title King or Queen of England no longer exists.
    3
  4668. Thank you for your support
    3
  4669. These were not actually "countries," they were uninhabited (except for birds) islands. Some may have had small human populations in the past, and there are some disputes over ownership, (notably Navassa island in the Caribbean) but they were mostly sand and bird poop.
    3
  4670. Respectfully I disagree, in that Darwin’s social and scientific status was far greater. No idea goes undiscovered forever, but the equation is very different absent Darwin.
    3
  4671. For exclusive content, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    3
  4672. While Long famously kept his hands in state politics, he did vacate the office of Governor in 1932. He was a US Senator at the time of his assassination.
    3
  4673. It is me. I am older than I look. ;)
    3
  4674. As opposed to the Mughals, who came before and did the same thing, but were Muslim Turco-Mongols? I am not apologizing for colonialism, but the idea that it originated in or was unique to the west is simply historically false. I am not taking sides in a nineteenth century war, I am writing history. The stand at Saragarhi was notable by any standard, and respected even by the ones they fought.
    3
  4675. Don't forget USS Texas.
    3
  4676. I ordered that three weeks ago when we lost our dear pet Pookie, who had graced so many episodes of THG.
    3
  4677. I agree, but it is objectively history that some people have faced greater obstacles due to things like gender and race, and that the inspiration from their successes might have had a different impact by encouraging classes of people into new pursuits. It is not, in my opinion as a historian, necessarily politics to note the historical significance of a person's identity.
    3
  4678. Tuberculosis
    3
  4679. I doubt they appreciated its value.
    3
  4680. Shoot- I know that. Easy to miss while reading the script. Sorry!
    3
  4681. Nathan Hale is the official state hero of Connecticut, and Prudence Crandall is the state heroine. In addition to Whittemore, Massachusetts also has an official state heroine, Deborah Sampson, and folk hero, Johnny Appleseed.
    3
  4682. That is a good question. The site is maintained by the national park service, which does restoration and conservation. I don't know if the tourist dollars pay for it, if it is simply cheaper to operate as a tourist attraction than as a prison, or if we are more willing to pay for upkeep for a National Park than a federal penitentiary. Some percentage of the buildings have fallen into ruin.
    3
  4683. The Confederate roll of honor was different. It allowed recognition of individual action, but would also recognize one man per company for any battle in which they fought and won. The honor was chosen by company vote.
    3
  4684. I literally say the same thing in the episode.
    3
  4685. That is the legend. The shot fell short.
    3
  4686. I do plan to do an episode, yes. It is a little-remembered bit of George Pickett's military career.
    3
  4687. Fair point.
    3
  4688. It is tru that they paid for the sponsorship, But my enthusiasm is real, and I would not pitch a product that I did not believe in.
    3
  4689. The office has become more substantial since the passage of the 25th Amendment.
    3
  4690.  @mikey-wl2jt  that is a fair point. The irrelevance of the office has largely been due to the choices of POTUS. It has theoretically always been possible to include the VP more substantially.
    3
  4691. It was not- the part that was never conquered by the Umayyads was the Visigothic Kingdom on Asturias, which would be west of what is called the basque region. The Visigoth nobleman Pelagius of Asturias won a victory in the Battle of Covadonga in 722 that is generally considered the beginning of the Reconquista. Asturias eventually became the Kingdom of León after the royal court moved to León.
    3
  4692. That is not how Edmund Hillary preferred it- we was always very careful to credit Tenzig. But I do think that Tenzig has started to receive more attention.
    3
  4693. Pocky
    3
  4694. Wow!
    3
  4695. That is one of the possibilities.
    3
  4696. LOL
    3
  4697. He was a good dog.
    3
  4698. He did great until the very end, when he decided he needed to know what his sister was doing.
    3
  4699. That is a travesty. The service of Filipinos during the war, under an American flag, was extraordinary, and we should have taken care of those veterans.
    3
  4700. she was not using the term in reference to African Americans, but to a West African tradition.
    3
  4701. dotch I agree that many in the west don’t comprehend the scope of the war on the Eastern front. The war was truly fought there. As much as we like to talk about D-Day, most historians mark the German defeat at Stalingrad in February on 1943 as the turning point in the war.
    3
  4702. Thank you for your service.
    3
  4703. The Caption from the expedition journal describes it as a Laysan Albatross.
    3
  4704. Robert Todd Lincoln had three children, and three grandchildren, but all three grandchildren passed without issue. The last direct descent of Abraham Lincoln, Robert Todd Lincoln Beckwith, passed away in 1985.
    3
  4705. The name was derived from the four inch leather "stock" that was part of the Marine uniform from 1798 to 1872. The stock went around the neck, and protected the throat from saber slashes.
    3
  4706. The extra Us were added to Latin derived words by the Normans to conform with French. New Latin derived words that were introduced after the Normans largely did not add the extra "U," and so the rule was non standard. In the US, Webster's dictionary spelled these words consistently without the "U"s, but they remained as an artifact in British English.
    3
  4707. We might do an episode on it. Kaskaskia is in a unique position...
    3
  4708. There was also another "great fire" in 1845. More about the Draft Riots here: https://youtu.be/1bxnUh86RB8
    3
  4709. Troy Theriot not as much, no. The area was too wide and rural
    3
  4710. Many- briefly mentioned at the end of the episode.
    3
  4711. I only sometimes turn on a lava lamp. I don't have a hooka. I am not sure which set item you are referring to.
    3
  4712. peter lawler Australia has its own oddities.
    3
  4713. I believe you are most likely referring to the foundering of the barque Annabella in 1834.
    3
  4714. I searched, and could not discover a list. the Navy has never, apparently, produced one, or it is part of what was lost in the records fire.
    3
  4715. Yes
    3
  4716. It grows like it always does.
    3
  4717. We actually had to gloss over several races and a few controversies. There always seemed to be some challenge to his eligibility, although nine seemed to stick.
    3
  4718. Cpl. Yumi Nagumo I might, yes. There are quite a few Pearl Harbor stories still to tell.
    3
  4719. I suspect you mean Freedom from Want- that is the one with the big Thanksgiving dinner. Home for Thanksgiving, the one that sold at auction in 2021, depicts a soldier in uniform hugging his mother. Both are great works.
    3
  4720. Blowfeld had long haired Persian cats. Mine are all domestic short hairs. Completely different. ;)
    3
  4721. I agree. the sponsor did not actually ask that the video content be relevant to the game- they just asked for the one minute plug. But there is a lot of forgotten history in that game. I don't know yet whether we will have more sponsorship opportunities with Wargaming, but I appreciate them offering to sponsor this episode.
    3
  4722. Believe it or not, I do consciously try to slow the rate of speech. I am simply a fast talker- I am not rushing- that is how fast I speak.
    3
  4723. That is a fair point, in that, while pull tabs were patented in the 1930s, they really did not become popular until the Pittsburgh Brewing Company started using “Ernie” Fraze's design in 1962. There is no record that I can find of what kind of beer was used (it might well have been bottles.)
    3
  4724. https://www.sealandgov.org/
    3
  4725. Johnny was an ensign. Ed McMahon was eventually a general in the reserve.
    3
  4726. They were an exceptional unit, but the claim that they never lost a bomber they escorted to enemy fighters is a myth. The genesis of the myth was a reporter for the Chicago Defender who misunderstood a report that the 332nd had completed its 200th mission without a loss to mean they had never lost a bomber they escorted in 200 missions. In fact, the report was only referring to mission 200, which occurred without a loss. Bombers had been lost to enemy fighters on other missions. We may do an episode on the 332nd in the future- they certainly deserve to be remembered.
    3
  4727. That is a matter of some historical discussion. The pistols were custom made, and the hair trigger was unusual in 1796, when the pistols were purchased. The mechanisms were certainly hidden, and actually not discovered until the pistols were disassembled in 1976 as part of a process to replicate them. Some historians write off the hair triggers as irrelevant, and argue that likely both Burr and Hamilton knew of them. Others, however, suggest that Burr was likely not informed of the "trick trigger." As evidence, they note that Hamilton chose to use Church's dueling pistols rather than his own standard English pair. That position was advanced in Smithsonian magazine in 1976: http://aaronburrassociation.org/Smithsonian.htm I don't pretend to know the facts of the matter, but certainly the controversy could not be excluded from the discussion.
    3
  4728. Facebook.com/TheHistoryGuyYT
    3
  4729. I did mention the Middle East. It was also used in India, yes. It was not used in China until the modern era.
    3
  4730. Possibly- I have not so far because there does seem to be quite a lot out there already on YouTube about Azorian.
    3
  4731. Much of the bomb was recovered, including the tail section. The problem was uncontrollable flooding in the pit.
    3
  4732. I got a shotgun mic that has worked out much better.
    3
  4733. jserra17 I don’t control the advertising content. That is actually customized to you by Google AdSense. Most ads do give an option to skip after just a few seconds. I can set the ad placement, but the ads before the episode seems fairer to viewers than placing the ads in the middle. I do encourage everyone to pay attention to the ads and patronize the advertisers as that is how I am compensated on YouTube. You get all of the content of the History Guy ad free if you become a patron on Patreon for just a dollar a month. Www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy. Another option is the YouTube Red service, which gets you all of YouTube ad free.
    3
  4734. Doug Spencer that depends upon how you measure. Certainly the US Army has taken greater numbers of casualties in other battles. But a 97% casualty rate and one quarter of the entire US army at the time wiped out is certainly hard to beat. By comparison, the US casualty rate at the battle of the Little Bighorn, considered a major defeat, was 49%. Casualties at Kasserine Pass were approximately 33%, and 30% in the Battle of Osan.
    3
  4735. That is the Peter Principle. Murphy's law is "anything that can go wrong, will." Murphy himself considered the rule as it is commonly used to be misapplied. https://youtu.be/JHGJ_y4aJII
    3
  4736. It is just an illustration of a phalanx. Unfortunately, no photographs survived from the second century BC.
    3
  4737. He lights up, reproduces some of those awesome sci fi sounds from the movie, and walks. But get ready for massive disappointment: I bought him at Wal Mart. :0
    3
  4738. Yes, I agree- I found more than one reference say that they had left on Saturday for "carousing," but it was less untoward to mention that the reasoning was that they didn't think the British would attack on Sunday, which also seems to have been part of the story. I also didn't talk about how the California rangers had been sent elsewhere.
    3
  4739. It wasn't even the only time it happened that day. But yes, it was an astoundingly brave act.
    3
  4740. The famous paintings by by Cassius Marcellus Coolidge were originally commissioned as cigar advertisements.
    3
  4741. That was a failure of the RSRB.
    3
  4742. I have been on so many Southwest 737s that I probable flew on it.
    3
  4743. Practicable means able to be done or put into practice successfully. I think it fairly represents his intent.
    3
  4744. riza hanifardhi I do not see that as a question at all. Even opponents in war respect the brave acts of those they are fighting. And bravery has no borders.
    3
  4745. Two things can be unique. One was a boy and one was a girl. Two unique things.
    3
  4746.  @IceLynne  I sent a note to our contact.
    3
  4747. There are some anecdotal claims that FDR was emulating Teddy when he wore pince-nez. Theodore was not his uncle, but a fifth cousin, and FDR did wear glasses other than pince-nez. But FDR was often reported to be find of, and emulate, Theodore, and it certainly wouldn't surprise me if that influenced his choice of eyeglasses.
    3
  4748. The Spanish sold them off after the war.
    3
  4749.  @ma_abbott  no, lol. I took no offense. But don’t ignore Shortform, it is an awesome tool.
    3
  4750. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VjtsA_RXvMM
    3
  4751. No.
    3
  4752. No, there were no ships of the RIN involved in the invasion.
    3
  4753. I disagree that it is completely un-valentine, in that Charles did seem to legitimately love Bonne of Armagnac. But yes, the story of what is generally acknowledged to be the first written Valentine is not what you would expect.
    3
  4754. Steve Capps There are a couple of episodes involving pirates, and more planned. https://youtu.be/EypOHCv2JsY
    3
  4755. Happy Anniversary!
    3
  4756. Probably not. The Air Force and Intelligence community at the time tended to chronically overstate the size of the Soviet arsenal.
    3
  4757. Mr Reymundo TNT doesn’t go bad in water, so there is still a boom potential. It is generally assumed that the fuses on the cluster bombs will have corroded. But they were in sealed boxes, so there is a chance that some are still dry. And one theory is that, if corroded, the fuses could actually grow more unstable. In general, though, the thinking is that it would be extremely difficult to cause an explosion.
    3
  4758.  @dakotaconners107  it was a confusing statement- I agree. Certainly I did nor mean to slight the victims in Galveston.
    3
  4759. I think the point is somewhat fair- certainly in terms of Grant's staff. However, his time at Harvard meant that getting such a commission was not unthinkable, even had he not been the President's son. His resume was pretty normal for a captain on a General's staff. In terms of his business and legal career, by all accounts he was very good at what he did and did not try to trade on his father's name. I don't know if he would have gotten the cabinet appointments were he not Lincoln's son. But Arthur's cabinet is widely regarded as one of the best in history, and Lincoln's tenure is well regarded. He repeatedly refused presidential and vice presidential nomination talk specifically because he did not want the party trading on his name. It is a difficult counterfactual to try to determine how his life would have gone or what he might have accomplished differently were he not named Lincoln. But it is easier to see that what he did accomplish in life would have been considered extraordinary in his time whatever his last name.
    3
  4760. I suspect the result would not have been all that different, as Almeida had to deal with the joint fleet anyway.
    3
  4761. Steve Arthur huh- well this conversation took some unexpected turns...
    3
  4762. I don't believe that Halloween is an officially recognized holiday in any state.
    3
  4763. https://www.howtopronounce.com/german/von-spee https://www.howtopronounce.com/german/gneisenau
    3
  4764. I beg to differ. The campaign after the fall of Richmond was called the Appomattox campaign, it culminated with a battle on April 9 near Appomattox Courthouse that is generally referred to as the Battle of Appomattox Courthouse, during which the defeat of Maj General John Gordon's corps compelled Lee to surrender. The surrender (it was not a peace, but a surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia) actually occurred in the McLean house. Robert Todd Lincoln was on Grant's staff, and was the last surviving witness to Lee's surrender.
    3
  4765. Truly1Tom the opposing argument is that the gatling guns were unreliable and slow moving. Before smokeless powder they were questionable mechanisms. They also would have been difficult to deploy. Clearly Custer underestimated the size of the camp. In retrospect he certainly shouldn’t have attacked. But, to be fair, the camp was larger than the total numbers that the Indian agents claimed could be off the reservations. He was a victim of faulty intelligence. I don’t think that he was a victim of underestimating his enemy’s capability in the way that say, Fetterman was. Custer actually had a record of charging cavalry into unknown numbers. He was, at least, impetuous. That actually can be a useful trait for a cavalryman, but failed here. I am not disagreeing- certainly anyone would say he took on the wrong camp and had insufficient force. But this battle, where we know so little about his thinking and the dynamics of the attack, makes for fertile ground for argument.
    3
  4766. He was King James VI of Scotland and King James I of England.
    3
  4767. 1815 Eruption of Mount Tambora https://youtu.be/urYvBb7_OBM
    3
  4768. Take a trip with The History Guy to Washington DC: Washington DC 2024 Trip: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdJLfQ5hzRgRIOfnDxSRFK4BckxWuDG27jr-FZRurWfTbE4Fw/viewform
    3
  4769. I added the links to the radio program recordings to the description.
    3
  4770. Jeremy Ardley for example, the Cambridge English dictionary. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/amp/english/careen
    3
  4771. Those are just generic pictures- but Chernobyl and Fukushima are classic examples of the responsibility of a government when their environmental pollution affects other nations.
    3
  4772. https://youtu.be/79s6HSu_Ij8
    3
  4773. Bob Hunkins ads were turned back on this morning. We hope to get a better clarification as to why it was flagged to begin with.
    3
  4774. william baikie it was eventually corrected- but without explanation. Obviously I am a fan of YouTube, but monetization policy is a bone of contention.
    3
  4775. Vutxzzn 2 fourteen-inch-forty-five-caliber is the proper name used for the weapon.
    3
  4776. I am not good at picking favorites. I can say that when I was on the Hollywood walk of fame for the first time, the only star that made me stop and have a fan moment was Basil Rathbone.
    3
  4777. He was able to get the loan deferred. He presumably paid it off after the war.
    3
  4778. Thank you! I don't think we will be moving beyond maybe one r two sponsored episodes in a month, but I am happy to give a minute to a good product.
    3
  4779. Yes we have. They have a great collection!
    3
  4780. In fact, four destroyers have been named in his honor, the most recent being an Arleigh-Burke class destroyer, DDG-72.
    3
  4781. I could recommend quite a few, but am particularly fond of Robin Neillands' "The Bomber War: The Allied Air Offensive Against Nazi Germany."
    3
  4782. Yes, and I suspect we will eventually have more than one episode highlighting the Seabees.
    3
  4783. I am not sure where you are getting that standard- history defines as simply being in the past. But I think that twenty-nine years certainly takes it out of the arena of current events.
    3
  4784. Different people. Streeterville was named for George Wellington Streeter, who was famous for real estate schemes in the Chicago area. Streater, Illinois is named after industrialist Worthy Streator.
    3
  4785. netdog713 no. If you want a channel where the narrator is not enthused about the content, look elsewhere.
    3
  4786. And to you!
    3
  4787. That it does. There is some Bartholomew Roberts fashion in that waistcoat.
    3
  4788. I appreciate my sponsors
    3
  4789. I certainly hope they aren't still out there!
    3
  4790. 1bottlejackdaniels LOL I guess. That was not the goal. But the Yom Kippur war and the 1973 oil crisis are history.
    3
  4791. Yes, these storms still occur. 11/11/11 might have been one of the worst, or the impact may simply be less now as there is better weather forecasting and warning.
    3
  4792. She likes color.
    3
  4793. We also post on Rumble
    3
  4794.  @AlbuquerqueImaging  again, I don’t know what you think a gooney bird is, but it is a common term for albatrosses, and while some species are endangered, I cannot find reference to a species on Midway that is extinct. The Laysan Rail is extinct, and once was endemic on Midway. Extinction was driven by invasive rats and rabbits. That species is discussed in this episode. https://youtu.be/EMYQi0dCvRw
    3
  4795. Roy Gonzalez the discussion over slavery was the longest and most contentious of the Constitutional Convention. That presaged an argument that would reverberate to this day.
    3
  4796. Again, there were several reasons that the Dutch decided to surrender without a fight.
    3
  4797. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/5130/joseph-petrosino
    3
  4798. ?? New Hampshire has coastline on the Atlantic seaboard.
    3
  4799.  @ronunderwood5771  hermaphrodite assume a person has both functional male and female organs. That occurs in some species,, but not in humans, and so is an obvious misnomer. In this case, and this is simply a theory that fits the available evidence but cannot currently be proven, Pulaski was genetically female, but suffered from a condition that affected the release of androgens in vitro, causing the external genitalia to appear male. The result was a person with internal female organs but apparently male external genitalia. Given the theory, he lived his life as a man, but his skeletal remains are female. What we know for certain is that the skeletal remains appear female by accepted anthropological standards, but the remains are those of General Pulaski.
    3
  4800.  @veronicac5041  first, nobody was "toppled." There is no reason that this suggestion affects the General's action or reputation. Second, the ability to test decayed bones has developed very slowly over time. No, Paleological DNA was not available in the 1980s, and is still a developing science today. I have no idea what you mean by the claim that the timing is suspect. The timing is literally based upon the science of when such DNA could be successfully extracted.
    3
  4801. The Australian Waffle Company will be surprised to hear that.
    3
  4802. Pb 207.2 It is not- although both have the same name and both were attorneys. Benjamin Franklin Butler the Attorney General under Andrew Jackson under whom Dam Sickles studied for the bar is a different man than Benjamin Franklin Butler the Major General derisively called “spoons.” That Butler also served as the Governor of Massachusetts. Spoons makes an appearance in this episode: https://youtu.be/kt8Vw3vpibs
    3
  4803. Thank you! I wrote this script. The writer is always credited in the description.
    3
  4804. It has nothing to do with anything I “want to believe,” and I have no vested interest at all in how many vehicles were lost. That is a direct quotation from the website of the French Ministere Des Armees.
    3
  4805. I think that skimmers and derby’s are also common. But there are plenty of photos of top hats at the derby, both classic and adorned.
    3
  4806. She and I speak at different volumes, and so use different microphones. I admit that we are having some troubles with the lapel mic.
    3
  4807. I did not talk about the use use of narrow gauge in America- there just wasn't time- but it was most appropriate for much of the American terrain, especially in the west, and still survives today.
    3
  4808. Thank you!
    3
  4809. @history_yt
    3
  4810.  @jliller  correct, although I did not include that part in the narrative. It was very difficult for them, in that they had raised many of them themselves.
    3
  4811. Thank you for your service.
    3
  4812. They were only briefly used- by the turn of the century, developments in high explosives made them more suitable for regular artillery and the dynamite gun became obsolete. They were deployed in early Endicott forts, including Fort Hancock and Fort Winfield Scott, but also on ships, and a smaller version was developed for field artillery. We even built a "Dynamite gun cruiser," USS Vesuvius, and armed a submarine, USS Holland, with dynamite guns. The field gun, called the Sims-Dudley Dynamite gun- used a charge of smokeless powder to compress the air, and was famously used by the Rough Riders during the siege of Santiago.
    3
  4813. Hale Boggs. https://youtu.be/bcXFgy322JY?si=f4pRsY7pXVDjzI9t
    3
  4814. Jim Chappelear per usual, we were not taking any position on modern politics. But yes, it sometimes feel as if this is a new era of blacklisting.
    3
  4815. No, I am advertising for a sponsor that is a broker that allows you to compare options for life insurance. I appreciate my sponsors, they support my channel. But yes, you should have life insurance, and yes, Policygenius is a great way to select the best policy for you.
    3
  4816. It is, and Fort Greely has an interesting history of its own.
    3
  4817. Oooh- good idea!
    3
  4818. stivendog that’s for sure!
    3
  4819. There are quite a few resources online, yes.
    3
  4820. We might do and episode (or more than one) on the Battle off Samar. The whole battle is a bit expansive for the time limits and relatively well known, but there are some aspects that I would like to write.
    3
  4821. I have a couple of potential topics on US POW camps.
    3
  4822. eek!
    3
  4823. 81 years- 1942.
    3
  4824. He was actually afraid they'd gripe at him, be cause it was always his fault if the power went out.
    3
  4825. m1t2a1 yes, sorry, I did misstate at the end Christopher Robin was the sapper injured in WWII.
    3
  4826. The point is that you don't know what mountain it is until the end.
    3
  4827. R.A. Monigold I’ll see what I can find.
    3
  4828. Apparently for the church windows.
    3
  4829. I got mine from the library. I was a very fun read.
    3
  4830. Yes, it is on our (long) to do list.
    3
  4831. LOL
    3
  4832. I have sat down to write an episode on USS Liberty several times. The problem is that my answers are not better or more conclusive than anyone else's. I just don;t think we can do that event and the surrounding controversy justice within the confines of the channel.
    3
  4833. Good point, there are two Brest Fortresses. I hope I did not mix up any pictures...
    3
  4834. Curacoa is an alternative spelling, but as this was the fourth ship of the Royal Navy of the name, I am pretty sure they were spelling it the way they wanted to.
    3
  4835. I may well do episodes on both.
    3
  4836. Shawn Johns we chose not to monetize this year
    3
  4837. She seems to like it so far.
    3
  4838. Yuengling's first products were porters and ales. What they call their "traditional lager" actually only dates back to 1933, in the era after prohibition. According to the brewery, they did not acquire the proper yeast for lager until the 1840s. If Adam Lemp was brewing lager in the 1830s, his brewery would have been doing so ahead of Yuengling. http://allaboutbeer.com/yuengling-traditional-lager/
    3
  4839. Reported differently in the two papers
    3
  4840. So far as I know.
    3
  4841. James Barca it begs the question- how big was the oyster regulation force? I can just imagine a officers shouting “oyster police!” http://dnr.maryland.gov/nrp/Pages/history.aspx
    3
  4842. Not virons, but what was called "inclusion bodies," which were likely aggregates of virus particles. https://books.google.com/books?id=deLEDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA249&lpg=PA249&dq=Dr.+J.+Buist+virus&source=bl&ots=Jr6FEzZvCg&sig=ACfU3U3yHPhje29xX-m-Vs1XTYRI7gmrlA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjZ3Yf5i_foAhVBYKwKHUnLAi0Q6AEwCXoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=Dr.%20J.%20Buist%20virus&f=false
    3
  4843. I use a program called Viddyoze.
    3
  4844. Yes- these spices are used in all manner of things.
    3
  4845. Well, it is a story about capturing ships on the high seas, so the French may reasonably have been called pirates.
    3
  4846. US Crews and the Navy always used the pronunciation "Gay-to"
    3
  4847. Lol gads no. Whatever else is falling apart, I can barely keep the mop combed. My wife used to like it cut short.
    3
  4848. Thank you!
    3
  4849. It is definitely on the list.
    3
  4850. subhadeep banerjee I called out very few units, and no Japanese units. No one was censored. I get that you want a history of the INA. This episode was not an appropriate format for it.
    3
  4851. Which channel?
    3
  4852. tnerb tnerb the only reason I might not think so is that the award came so long after the event. I agree, it was a questionable reason to award an MOH.
    3
  4853. I use a program called Viddyoze.
    3
  4854. https://youtu.be/YFaUNaCjoXw
    3
  4855. https://youtu.be/3JKBKXIMGNE
    3
  4856. We may do an episode or two on F1 history, but very few of the images are in the Public Domain. We have talked much more about Indy Car partly because we have had the privilege of working with the Indianapolis Motor Speedway Museum. IMSmuseum.org
    3
  4857. Hegin Lunkim the Kuki uprising was an interesting an complex affair. I don’t have any unique access to primary records, but will do my own research and see if I can answer your question.
    3
  4858. House of History bears are less common now...
    3
  4859. Actually their numbers we well documented, both through contemporary observation and more current genetic research, as well as the fossil record. Audubon's own experience demonstrated their unbelievable numbers. https://youtu.be/b8BPANZzsyU
    3
  4860. If you mean at the start when I mention a war that no one wanted, then yes. Germany was not seeking war, and the most common explanation for their attack was that they saw it as necessary for their defense should both France and Russia mobilize.
    3
  4861. The debts and effect on the military might have limited some efforts to settle Alta California, whose sparse settlement was part of the reason that Mexico shrunk after the treaty of Guadelupe Hidalgo. But there was a larger effect from another lesser known nineteenth century Mexican conflict that might well get its own episode...
    3
  4862. Absolutely both are on the list.
    3
  4863. Posted at 7am Central, just like always
    3
  4864. We seem to have a surprising number of fans in Casper.
    3
  4865. It was not my intent to compare the two. The comparison I mention at the end is in reference to public health responses to pandemic. My point is that even illness is affected by our collective response- pandemics and history are inextricably linked. That was true in 1918, and still today.
    3
  4866. macbomb and that extra headlight was popularly called the “Cyclops eye.” It was called the “Tucker torpedo.” The actual model name was the “Tucker 48.l
    3
  4867. Alex Ch thank you!
    3
  4868. Kepis were commonly used throughout Europe during the nineteenth century. American equipment very often reflected European armies.
    3
  4869. I have not. It is a tad well known for forgotten history, but might but an episode at some point.
    3
  4870. This is a classic use of the term, which generally meant someone who understood the wider world. It was usually applied to scholars. I don’t think it was making any statement about national citizenship. By any definition the good doctor was both a good citizen and a patriot.
    3
  4871. I make those using a program called Viddyoze. They are merely a way to show our logo.
    3
  4872. And it kinda was.
    3
  4873. Actually, that was referencing a January 1944 incident where a torpedo from USS Bowfin (SS-287) hit a dock and caused a bus to crash into the water. Her battle flag included a dock, a crane, and a bus due to that torpedo. https://www.bowfin.org/patrol-6 Also a good story...
    3
  4874. It seems likely.
    3
  4875. Thank you for your service!
    3
  4876. My understanding is that RFA only does fleet replenishment. The crew of Queen Mary were civilian merchant seamen.
    3
  4877. The timing is merely because this is the anniversary of the burning of Richmond. As usual, I make no statement on current politics.
    3
  4878. Fair point- we certainly could have been included the controversy
    3
  4879. arnav singh the most famous would be the battle of Trafalgar in 1805.
    3
  4880. The Washington and London naval treaties limited the allowed tonnage of battleships the US could have, so the Utah was classified a “target ship” used for training.
    3
  4881. The plan did not seem to work out for anyone involved. The company stopped the practice after it turned out that they weren't particularity good settlers.
    3
  4882. Fair point, bot by the IAU definition. But NASA wrote in that qualifier, so I included it.
    3
  4883. In fact, US Dollars are, essentially, now the same as greenbacks.
    3
  4884. I think that part of the point was to place Germany in an impossible position.
    3
  4885. To NACA it was always an initialism. NASA initially was as well.
    3
  4886. Oh LOL no. I used Google translate and did the best I could.
    3
  4887. No, the Fisher brothers of Fisher Body were apparently unrelated to Carl G Fisher.
    3
  4888. This is most likely one of those- what new evidence can possibly be found?
    3
  4889. Joe the Enemy Below was based on the Buckley
    3
  4890. At that point I was directly quoting MacArthur, and those were his words. Actually, both terms are used in different parts of the legislation, and the back of the medal says it is awarded "in the name of congress."
    3
  4891. Mail via Missile: USPS expedited https://youtu.be/XUFmE-JDido. https://youtu.be/s7gcO-Qs9eY?si=-q40xK-2cZjs-dcr
    3
  4892. My Dad used to live in Pueblo- been to the museum many times!
    3
  4893. TrenchFighter8 it is an ARC yes, not lego though..
    3
  4894. I know the story well, and it will likely be an episode yes.
    3
  4895. It happened. History.
    3
  4896. Technically, microfiche is the square sheets and microfilm is the rolls. But the two terms are commonly used interchangeably.
    3
  4897. Another good story I might well tell someday. Luckily his career was still ahead of him when he mustered out.
    3
  4898. The important part was the relative speeds, so translation seemed unnecessary. The maximum speed of the Concorde was 1354 MPH, and the speed the umbra moves is about 1288 miles per hour at the equator.
    3
  4899. I have covered a few Soviet submarine disasters, but not K-129 yet.
    3
  4900. I do plan an episode on the SL-1 accident, yes.
    3
  4901. LOL
    3
  4902. There was a significant morale effect on both sides if a battle standard was captured, and they were defended fiercely.
    3
  4903. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGgDDIGx85ZLpAB8GaNx-t_S
    3
  4904. She did have a point about petticoats...
    3
  4905. When the medal was reestablished in 1932 it originally was awarded for general merit, similar to Washington's original order. The new medal was awarded to anyone who had previously received the Meritorious Service Certificate, the Army Wound Ribbon, or were authorized to wear Wound Chevrons. When Congress created the Legion of Merit in 1942, the practice of awarding the Purple Heart for general merit was discontinued, and it became excusably an award for those wounded or killed while serving.
    3
  4906. Scrapped.
    3
  4907. Yes, we briefly mention that at the end. No battles were fought- the UK demilitarized the islands and declared them open cities, and they were occupied without a fight.
    3
  4908. Fair point.
    3
  4909. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    3
  4910. Leopard. I apologize for misstating at one point.
    3
  4911. It was abolished in the US by an act of congress in 1899.
    3
  4912. Six so far, with more to come: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGg5sWUYL29pbAZoMSu4PVQ0
    3
  4913. Yes, the cobs are boiled and removed, and the resulting liquid is made into jelly. It tastes much like honey.
    3
  4914. The evidence that Ford used that calculation was the infamous attachment II, and that is not actually what attachment II said.
    3
  4915. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    3
  4916. Many of the military leaders from the Revolution got their first military experience in the French and Indian War.
    3
  4917. sharadowasdr Correct- Tecumseh's war started in 1811, but rolled into the war of 1812, and is largely seen as part of that conflict.
    3
  4918. There is evidence supporting a hypothesis that Pulaski might have had a condition called congenital adrenal hyperplasia. This is generally described as being “intersex,” that is, a person with atypical sex characteristics- what used to be called hermaphrodite. There are questions- the remains used for the diagnosis have not been positively identified as those of Casimir Pulaski, and the diagnosis itself is a hypothesis based on some features of the remains. In any case, he would have outwardly appeared to be a male, and was raised as a male.
    3
  4919. I am from Illinois.
    3
  4920. I would love to have heard Oda Benga’s account. If he ever gave it, it was not recorded.
    3
  4921. I had to shut him out of the studio because he wouldn’t stop making noise.
    3
  4922. So many D-Day stories to tell...
    3
  4923. I'll be there for TANKFEST in June.
    3
  4924. Thank you for your service!
    3
  4925. Possibly.
    3
  4926.  @jiveturkey9993  LOL
    3
  4927. It was returned on the helicopter with the investigators.
    3
  4928. Money Made is more accurate than Battle Born
    3
  4929. I misspoke. I apologize for the error.
    3
  4930. I did not add the story because, sadly, it very likely is not completely true. It is almost impossible that a cat survived the sinking of the Bismarck. There were few survivors picked up in rough seas.
    3
  4931. All true, and little known.
    3
  4932. But DIA’s IATA code is DEN
    3
  4933. https://youtu.be/suqtVwh8O7c
    3
  4934. Correct, the refit in 1952 removed two of the bow torpedo tubes.
    3
  4935. Well, there actually was never a car to drive. But vehicles with two wheels in the front and one in the back are common now, although registered as motorcycles.
    3
  4936. That is a persistent theory, but very unlikely. No meteor has ever been known to start a forest fire. The careless use of fire in the area was common, and a much more likely explanation.
    3
  4937. A crash landing refers to any emergency landing where a normal landing was impossible- that is, he didn't go wheels down on a runway. That is different than a crash without a landing...
    3
  4938.  @MapleHillMunitions  Christmas in United States Military History https://youtu.be/h_Ba6XuKKPM
    3
  4939. oops- the ship actually sunk may 17, 1918. Good catch.
    3
  4940. Thanks!
    3
  4941. https://youtu.be/E2383ElpU4U
    3
  4942. Despite his incorrect prediction, Henning Rudolf Adolf Karl von Holtzendorff was promoted, was was the last Großadmiral, or "Grand Admiral" of the Imperial Navy. He was forcibly retired in 1918 after arguing with the army high command.
    3
  4943. He was not held in custody-it was his pistol. Apparently everyone was packing back in the day.
    3
  4944. Eccentric maybe, but clearly not insane.
    3
  4945. LOL- It won't be on the test, I promise.
    3
  4946. Awesome, thank you!
    3
  4947. Yes, he was demanding to be held.
    3
  4948. There a few older episodes without. I started out wearing different ties, and even an episode without a tie. But I wore bow tie one time and viewers liked it.
    3
  4949. Chicken was different before the roasting chicken was bred. Spring chickens were generally considered good, but outside of spring chickens had much less meat (that was later addressed with vitamin supplements.) Chickens were mostly kept for the eggs. Squab- the young pigeons who have not yet flown, are apparently very tasty, but full grown pigeons are rather tough and usually require stewing and braising to become tender.
    3
  4950. I think it was captured by the British.
    3
  4951. Yes, there are many more stories to do regarding the ANZAC contribution.
    3
  4952. Bad Xerge the 12 mile limit, although somewhat more complex, is now recognized by United Nations Convention. Historically, relatively few nations have claimed beyond 12 miles.
    3
  4953. Caffeine free diet Pepsi. Not as interesting as it appears...
    3
  4954. I was trying to be careful about that terminology.
    3
  4955. Brian Pierce there was a USS Housatonic in the Civil War, sunk by the submarine CSS Hunley February of 1864. There was the British liner RMS Lusitania, sunk by a U-boat in May of 1915. And there was an SS Housatonic, sunk by a U-boat in February of 1917. The sinking of the SS Housatonic, coming just three days after the US severed diplomatic relations with Germany and coupled with the Zimmerman telegram scandal prompted Wilson to declare war. https://forgottenwrecks.maritimearchaeologytrust.org/wrecks-and-sites/explore-the-wrecks/articles/ss-housatonic
    3
  4956. I still find myself occasionally knocking on wood. Setting fir to your wife, though, takes it to the extreme...
    3
  4957. I suspect there are quite a few below the age of 10 skewing the numbers
    3
  4958. Those numbers match my research. One historian concluded there were 145 hits out of 5859 shells fired. The assessment might be somewhat biased, as Dewey's fleet was firing at shore emplacements as well, but it is safe to say that target hit ratios were low. Much of the Spanish fleet was scuttled when they concluded they were too far outgunned, but none were sunk in action.
    3
  4959. Lol- that was me joking. That is a picture of me.
    3
  4960. Correct. the shot was not fired by the guns that were recovered. He said that, when he heard of the death in the ball park, he discarded the pistol he used.
    3
  4961. LOL
    3
  4962. It is a reproduction. it is actually a Baden helm- similar to what my Great Uncle would have worn.
    3
  4963. daylon boender thank you for the topic idea!
    3
  4964. The intent was not to take any particular stand on Cao Cao pro or con.
    3
  4965. Photos of the Fanning during and after the event seem to show two on long rows of depth charges.
    3
  4966. But I referred to the Wyoming class. Arkansas was actually a battleship throughout the war. Kearsarge and Utah are both interesting stories that I hope to tell someday. Sadly, though, Utah cannot be said to have served throughout the war, as she was stricken from the rolls in 1944.
    3
  4967. I agree completely. More here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjPx6NkocmNfyzMS5BYhMsN
    3
  4968. So it is! I totally misspoke there. I apologize for the error.
    3
  4969. He was, but there was corroboration from allied personnel.
    3
  4970. snubbedpeer I have moved to a standard introduction that is shorter and has a more appropriate volume, but there is no way to go change older videos once they are posted.
    3
  4971. Yes, I do plan to do an episode on the U-505.
    3
  4972. Websites do talk about the past.
    3
  4973.  @misterhat5823  it is more akin to gold, certainly not bitcoin as art is a tangible asset. If you don’t trust investment, that is fine. But you are misrepresenting this investment. I am merely advertising a product, letting anyone decide whether they want to buy. But I am grateful to sponsors for supporting my channel, and I don’t take sponsorships from scammers. Masterworks is a legitimate investment tool, as a simple Google search would demonstrate.
    3
  4974. There is an FaQ posted in the description for anyone who is interested. Yes, I did research the sponsor.
    3
  4975. LOL cats are wherever cats want to be. I wish they performed on cue...
    3
  4976. When we post podcasts we label them.
    3
  4977. Happy Birthday!
    3
  4978. Yes, Pearle Baking company was the first US brand to make ready-mix pancake batter. And they used Aunt Jemima as their spokesperson.
    3
  4979. Fair point. "Air Force One" refers to any Air Force aircraft carrying the president.
    3
  4980. You are welcome!
    3
  4981. William Victor because the dead should not be forgotten. Because people whose names were lost are no less deserving of memorial than the famous. Because remembering tragedy helps us to appreciate our blessings.
    3
  4982. No one said it was a brig...
    3
  4983. I pronounced the way the locals do. Which is odd, since the town was actually named after Madrid Spain.
    3
  4984. Thank you!
    3
  4985. Matthew Hudson the difference was small enough that it could be done gradually through the regular process of track repair.
    3
  4986. There will be more next week. And, of course, you can see the whole series by becoming a patron on Patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    3
  4987. The problem has been that we have not been able to find photographs in the Public Domain.
    3
  4988. Wes Johnston yes. It is not clear whether Carmichael was a true fan of Ayn Rand, or if it was a marketing ploy, but the allusion was clearly deliberate.
    3
  4989. B uppy Minnesota.
    3
  4990. I don't try to pretend another accent.
    3
  4991. I have continued posting.
    3
  4992. David Harris The Constitution also used White Oak, and repairs are made from a special oak grove on Navy land called “Constitution grove.”
    3
  4993. I even showed his picture. There were so many inventor's involved, I could not give any much time.
    3
  4994. Thank you for your service!
    3
  4995. Agreed- hard to believe you can still be alive at 50 lbs
    3
  4996. This script was written by my son. the author of the script is written the bottom of the video description. "THG" is me, "HCW" is Ms. History Guy, and "JCG" is my son.
    3
  4997. I earnestly believe that USS Liberty deserves to be remembered. Buy attempts to write the script have well illustrated to me that the topic does not fit my format.
    3
  4998. Yes, that was Tiger 131. For a movie star, she was a tad aged, but still beautiful. And no one in her class could match her permanence.
    3
  4999. LOL no big budget required. I use a program called Viddyoze.
    3
  5000. There was an "S" shaped scrape on the wing surface that suggested a collision, but yes, it is quite possible he we simply caught in the vortices behind the wing.
    3
  5001. Correct
    3
  5002. We've really enjoyed it! The documentary on Lewis Carroll blew Ms History's mind...
    3
  5003. Virginia liked to celebrate the Virginia event, New England the Massachusetts one. But the official holiday became set during the Civil War when Virginians were not attending sessions of congress. There are actually several contenders for what was earliest among various harvest celebrations in the American Colonies, but the history of the holiday we celebrate today is based on 1631.
    3
  5004. I am not an editor, Wikipedia isn’t my gig. But maybe someone will be prodded into it.
    3
  5005. As pictures of actual events are not always available, I use similar pictures for illustration, that is clearly stated in the description.
    3
  5006. Mentioned briefly in this episode. There may be more in the future. https://youtu.be/l_DR_aC3zuM
    3
  5007. History is history.
    3
  5008. I have to disagree with the claim of a "generalized consensus." In any case, those decision would have been far too late to start a shipbuilding program.
    3
  5009. My Father lived there for many years. I have spent many a fond moment in Pueblo. Some great restaurants down on the riverwalk.
    3
  5010. He actually flew the B-24, not the B-17, with the 445th bombardment group. He was promoted to major General on the retirement list.
    3
  5011. The Army statement said "apparently of natural causes" and that he had a "heart condition."
    3
  5012. I used the comparison to illustrate his tactical sense. Both defeated larger foes using strategy. Both created an empire
    3
  5013. I have been told the exact opposite from other retired submariners- they disagree on the subject. But I did use the pronunciation that was used in the Audible narration.
    3
  5014. They are enabled. Sometimes it takes a while for them to generate. I apologize for any inconvenience.
    3
  5015. https://youtu.be/atquoUlQxiY
    3
  5016. His story here: http://www.submarinesailor.com/biography/GeorgeWalters/
    3
  5017. But the concern was they would go through Sikkim, which was by then undefended, or Bhutan. Certainly Nehru or JFK could not have guaranteed they would stop.
    3
  5018. @UCOOjQzx-No3X99aNfSzM93A I accurately reported the content of Nehru's November 19 letter. I am not responsible for the accuracy of his assessment. Galbraith makes it clear that the US considered the threat real. And neither the US nor India trusted China at their word. I did not ".over-dramatize" anything- I accurately represented the threat as it was perceived by the decision-makers at the time.
    3
  5019.  @sandywheeze3505  Robert had three children. But the line ended with his grandchildren. The last direct descendent was Robert Todd Lincoln Beckwith, who died without heir in 1985.
    3
  5020.  @zenodotusofathens2122  LOL No, I wasn't talking about you specifically. You've brought no dishonor. to the channel.
    3
  5021. Joseph Olson: https://youtu.be/v89K4-HGaww
    3
  5022. I certainly still quite enjoy my work and have fun with every topic. I am sorry if it does not seem so.
    3
  5023. The photo is from the Florida State archives. I am not sure what the sign is about-
    3
  5024. Yes. I lived in AZ for seven years.
    3
  5025. LOL sorry- that was just my sense of humor. I don't have a great uncle Euphrates, that is a picture of me.
    3
  5026. The anti-malarial in the episode was Primaquine, which was developed during WWII. The issue is that the drug can have a bad interaction with people who have a specific condition called Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, an inborn error of metabolism. Primaquine can cause a risk of blood cell breakdown in people with the G6PD deficiency, causing hemolytic anemia, with all the common symptoms of anemia. G6PD deficiency can be fatal, and is particularly common among males from certain parts of Africa, Asia, the Mediterranean, and the Middle East. https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase-deficiency/
    3
  5027. Both of them died of natural causes.
    3
  5028. That is Carolyn, our business manager. She is Ms History Guy's sister.
    3
  5029.  @robertthompson3447  there is, but she is 13 and does not want to be on camera. Very occasionally we use one of her illustrations. There is also a history son- our chief writer, but he lives out of state, so couldn’t join us.
    3
  5030. Correct- very briefly mentioned at 1:23.
    3
  5031. I have not yet, but do plan to at some point.
    3
  5032. brt 123 you misunderstood- it was, purportedly, Al Capone’s son, not Al Capone himself. That claim is also disputed.
    3
  5033. His participation is strictly voluntary
    3
  5034. A connection that I never considered.
    3
  5035. I think that de Valera’s concern was more that joining the war would restart the civil war. He always argued that neutrality was the only option.
    3
  5036. The line is "colonists" not "Columbus."
    3
  5037. The attack was made down the wrong valley, the result of a muddled order.
    3
  5038. My understanding is yes, they sought to destroy the aircraft. It was not completely left out of the movie. The flight leaving at the end of the movie was going to destroy the two planes.
    3
  5039. Heeeres Johnny of course there are. We certainly aren’t taking a pro-imperialism stand, nor taking a position on Kipling’s personal politics. Kipling’s attitudes about empire do come from a different time, but yes, millions recognized the evils of empire in his time. But, I do think, if you regard his work, it is obvious that he saw the very worst in empire in ways that few of his contemporaries acknowledged. And, regardless of political attitudes, he certainly uncovered timeless truths, with many of his works still beloved today.
    3
  5040. Glad you enjoyed it!
    3
  5041. The character in Fury was merely inspired by Pool, shown in the fact that Don Collier shared the nickname “Wardaddy.” The movie is fictional, and doesn’t pretend to document Pool’s story.
    3
  5042. The "Irish brigade" was comprised largely of New York regiments, but the list of units that responded to the riots did not include any of the regiments of the Irish Brigade. The primary regiments involved were the 152nd New York Volunteer infantry, the 26th Michigan Volunteer Infantry, the 27th Indiana Infantry, and the 107th US Infantry, none of which were described as predominantly Irish regiments. But certainly there would have been Irishmen in these regiments. There is a list in this thread of soldiers injured in the riots, and it does not appear on face that those troops involved were predominantly Irish immigrants. https://www.civilwartalk.com/threads/us-military-casualties-in-the-1863-draft-riots.130055/
    3
  5043. Try it with your friends- bring back the trend!
    3
  5044. Big Blue when will the English learn to speak English?
    3
  5045. Big Blue LOL well stop including letters you don’t intend to use.
    3
  5046. Most newspapers used the spelling “Sorenson.”
    3
  5047. Lol
    3
  5048. Yes, it had been refitted with carronades as a main armament. Porter did not like the configuration and repeatedly asked that the ship be equipped with more long guns.
    3
  5049. LOL at that moment. He has different moods...
    3
  5050. I have tried to write that several times, I find I have nothing to add to the controversy.
    3
  5051.  @baronvonjo1929  Quite possibly, yes. There are difficulties with media and photographs, as Germany has has more restrictive PD rules.
    3
  5052. I simply meant another Florida team.
    3
  5053. We plan to do at least one episode on Texas’ time as a museum ship.
    3
  5054.  @scotcoon1186  you can see the Mountain quite well from the plains near the town of Hermosa on SD highway 79.
    3
  5055. Eddie Harrison the crew tried to feather the propeller, but the mechanism failed. The purpose of cutting off the oil was to seize the engine, in the hopes of freezing the propeller. That also failed, as the mechanism decoupled.
    3
  5056. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    3
  5057. What the heck are you talking about?
    3
  5058. When it was observed by the 02SU float plane, it was above the cloud cover. It is supposed that the blimp was taken above it's pressure height of 2000 feet, which would have caused a pressure valve to release helium to prevent the helium from expanding enough to damage the envelope.
    3
  5059. Just a cold.
    3
  5060. 3 VCs, one street. Impressive.
    3
  5061. Yeah, good sci fi, but a totally different OPA.
    3
  5062. No- Ramsay MacDonald did a brief address to the House in 1929.
    3
  5063. Some 75000 troops were landed at Inchon. That is a significant operation, but half the size of the initial landings at Normandy.
    3
  5064. LOL we have around 500 more. We intend to get them all in at some point.
    3
  5065. That wasn't me- it was an impersonator. I reported them to YouTube.
    3
  5066. I respect that people can take many lessons from history, and that the past can inform us about the present, but, why are you so intent on turning this into a political page? Aren't there already plenty of places to have those conversations on the World Wide Web?
    3
  5067. the UK did offer to end the partition in exchange for Ireland declaring war on Germany. De Valera refused because he feared that declaring war on Germany would restart the Irish Civil War.
    3
  5068. Quite possibly there will be an episode in the future. yes.
    3
  5069. maxsmodels the cap has a manufacturer’s stamp dating it to May of 1941 and the initials “DLT” written inside and under the brim. Next to it is a Naval Aviation Cadet hat.
    3
  5070. Postal Covers are, essentially, pre-printed postal envelopes.
    3
  5071. Obviously I had not forewarning.
    3
  5072. There is some debate, but many scholars assert that the timing of the Christian feast of All Saints Day was intended to coopt or undermine Samhain.
    3
  5073. https://youtu.be/H0lOq5pGzcw
    3
  5074. I don’t exactly know the details. According to the news reports, the officer was a reservist with experience with M60s and gained access using bolt-cutters.
    3
  5075. Unlikely for a single ward. I decided to use it because it is an actual historical quotation, and appropriate to the situation.
    3
  5076. I grew up in Hot Springs at the same time. Rapid was the big city to us.
    3
  5077. But it is, essentially, a fish shaped waffle iron.
    3
  5078. There was a long history of the same problem within the British Army. Part of the reasoning between the Caldwell and Childers reforms was to reduce "tribalism" between regiments. I think that such rivalries are common in all militaries.
    3
  5079. Not that I know of
    3
  5080. Not one picture of him in the Public Domain, no.
    3
  5081. The Gullah were not maroons, no. They were slaves who were particularly prized for their expertise in cultivating rice. They also have an interesting story, and may be the topic of a future episode.
    3
  5082. Yes, all Democrat votes were opposed. I don’t make any comment on current politics. I pointed it out to illustrate that it was even more controversial than the 13th and 14th Amendments.
    3
  5083. Will Burke nominated him for the award "Righteous Among nations" , but Yad Vashem decided there was not enough "sufficient proof, i.e., primary sources, showing that he took extraordinary risks to save Jews from danger of deportation and death."
    3
  5084. Pocky
    3
  5085. Robert Cantsay by coincidence I am familiar with camp Yellow Thunder, and had the opportunity to visit in 1981. I have thought on doing an episode, but it might be too controversial for this channel.
    3
  5086. I was actually there for much of this history- a family friend was a prosecutor in the trial over the murder of Wesley Bad Heart Bull. I never met Dennis Banks, but did know Russell means, and met him at camp Yellow Thunder.
    3
  5087. That is at least one version of the story.
    3
  5088. Sadly, we are no longer together.
    3
  5089. Thank you kindly
    3
  5090. I mentioned the redoubtable Steve1989 in this episode: https://youtu.be/x7eeFRp7xjU
    3
  5091. There was a brief mention at the end- that may have been where Leif landed.
    3
  5092. The robbery was in New York- the story was published in a Nashville paper. I am sorry if there was confusion.
    3
  5093. The NTSB report indicated that they both had flown with the Chinese military, but neither flew fighter jets nor had they "done any aerobatic work since completing the Air Force Training. " The CEO of China Airlines was forced to step down later in the year due to a number of issues, including aircraft maintenance and training. Still, the flightcrew "were qualified and trained within applicable Chinese and United States regulations." and "the airplane was maintained in accordance with applicable Chinese Civil Aviation Administration and United States Federal Aviation Administration regulations."
    3
  5094. You are welcome!
    3
  5095. I have added both better lights and a good shotgun microphone.
    3
  5096. We are never trying to be cagey about sponsored content. I do, however, legit recommend Blinkist.
    3
  5097. No, that was a die cast P-51 in racing colors.
    3
  5098. John is correct. If I said it wrong I apologize.
    3
  5099. We think it will be great fun! Come along and you'll get lots of time talking to both of us.
    3
  5100. A wonderful viewer sent that to us and asked for an episode on coffee! I was happy to collaborate on writing with The History Guy -- Carolyn, business manager and coffee drinker (and occasional episode writer)
    3
  5101. She did- there is actually a brief mention of that in the episode.
    3
  5102. Would have seemed narcissistic when there is a recording of Tennyson doing it.
    3
  5103. I use a program called Viddyoze. Really simple.
    3
  5104. I make those. I am also the “editor.” Chose this one because it was kinda thunderstorm-ish.
    3
  5105. Apparently... That might refer to fashion, as you wore different clothing in summer and winter. For example, straw versus felt hats: https://youtu.be/SxbVTozEoa0
    3
  5106. There are several lost-villages along the Humber. Nearly as I can tell, though, Penisthorp disappeared sometime after 1377.
    3
  5107. This is new.
    3
  5108. In twenty-six consecutive elections he only faced one serious challenge.
    3
  5109. An odd slang term that I had to look up.
    3
  5110. Yes- that is an old promotional movie that is in the public domain.
    3
  5111. You don't want fish guts that have been left out for 100 days?
    3
  5112.  @christiangibbs1482  thank you for this comment! This is why I am The History Guy.
    3
  5113.  @ancientbutstillhere6570  I would at least say that broadsheets were early examples, if not the beginning, of yellow journalism.
    3
  5114. TonesTheGeek actually American freight rail is among the best in the world. Passenger rail differences may be more a factor of geography.
    3
  5115. I have a guy who goes in and cleans up the captions for me, but that takes time. Yes, the automatic captions are an adventure.
    3
  5116. There was a picture of Mitzy in a newspaper, but not Public Domain so I couldn't use it. I don't know what Mitzy did to survive, but she was apparently luckier than the chickens.
    3
  5117. Far from jerky- is crumbles into pure, distilled, joy.
    3
  5118.  @dennisenright9347  both good stories that I have not yet told.
    3
  5119. My mistake.
    3
  5120. That is a model of the Juan Sebastián de Elcano. It is a training barque of the Spanish Navy and the third largest tall ship in the world.
    3
  5121. They were murderous highwaymen in early America history. We may well do an episode on them, although it is a bloody bloody story.
    3
  5122. Lol yes, I do deduct items used for the set.
    3
  5123. dramit 18 I am honestly not sure if I am supposed to take this question seriously. Yes, there are literally mounds of physical evidence, documented records, and, of course the personal experience of thousands of eye witnesses documenting the Holocaust. I don’t really have some responsibility to “prove” history, especially given a question that so confounds reality. This site gives an overview of some of the massive mountains of evidence presented at the Nuremberg trials: https://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10007271
    3
  5124. The two are hard to compare, in that Hurricanes are very different weather events than flash floods. Hurricane Harvey included both far more rain and far more wind, and hit a much larger area and far more population. The Black Hills flood was a much more isolated event.
    3
  5125. That was in this episode: https://youtu.be/J9IabP_W3SM
    3
  5126. skydaver2 certainly you should always take drugs as directed. But your comment is more relevant to antibiotics, where failure to take the entire course may cause resistant bacteria strains. The reason the CDC says to take them if prescribed is that they are generally prescribed for risk populations or people who are very sick, and are much more effective if taken early in the course of the illness. If your doctor prescribes anti-virals for the flu, taking them may be the difference between life and death.
    3
  5127. Greg smith the people applying the concept of Lebensraum to horses can fairly be called Nazis. Rau was the classical example of a Nazi. Certainly not all the guards, or the Wehrmacht were party members, (I did not claim that they were) but the guy who wrote “Horsebreeding in the National Socialist State” most certainly was a Nazi. These horses were collected by Nazis for purposes central to the philosophical underpinnings of National Socialism. I do not think that the term is incorrectly applied here. I make a brief mention of Teespring in my conclusion, the same as I have since we partnered with Teespring. I do not feel guilt offering t-shirts to people who wish to buy them. The idea that using that specific shirt sells merchandise wanders into the absurd, and the assertion that I am twisting history for profit would be highly insulting if the accusation were not so patently absurd. I am sorry that you are so upset about the term, which I contend is not inappropriately used. But your further aspersions are inappropriate and incorrect, and I do wish that you would rethink them.
    3
  5128. Ms. History Guy is handy with the clippers.
    3
  5129. LOL
    3
  5130. Morse was an early Daguerreotypist himself.
    3
  5131. There is overlap, but mulling spices often include cardamom, and usually don’t include ginger. And, of course, allspice wasn’t in Europe until the sixteenth century.
    3
  5132. I actually filmed in the evening. Well past noon.
    3
  5133. In fact, I did mention torpedo juice
    3
  5134. Quite likely it was what the crew of Borie assumed. We know there were U-boats operating in the area, and the U-boat crew appeared to be firing flares in an apparent attempt to signal someone.
    3
  5135. 41 Hi Jinx yup. The problem is that I have to remember to turn it on an hour before filming.
    3
  5136. Obviously it is not a video about Charlottesville, and I don't believe that I made any assumptions about the beliefs expressed there.
    3
  5137. These clips were from Robin Hood (1922) It just takes internet sleuthing to find Public Domain films with relevant scenes.
    3
  5138. 0 0 far from all over the place, the thing that ties it all together is the place.
    3
  5139. In brief, Admiral Kimmel and General Short did not see Pearl harbor as a target.
    3
  5140. That is a complex question- but, to understand the issue, this is where food is grown.
    3
  5141. The Medical College traditionally pronounces it OwlBany. ;)
    3
  5142. Thank you for your service!
    3
  5143. It is a Halloween prop made of Styrofoam.
    3
  5144. It saddens me that generations now grow up with squeezable bottles, and so do not learn important lessons about science.
    3
  5145. Timing is because this is the anniversary of the 1941 tree lighting. Current events are coincidental.
    3
  5146. She was the largest ship in the world at the time of her launch, and presumably the largest to ram a submarine during WWI.
    3
  5147. The History Cats still need to be fed! Sponsorships allow the channel to continue operating with the support of our writer and business manager. If you would prefer to see all THG episodes without advertisements, please consider joining as a sponsor at Patreon or here on YouTube as a member. One of the perks is insert-free videos!
    3
  5148. Fair point. This is all about cultural morays. I agree, the difference between exsanguinating a corpse and filling it with formaldehyde and cutting out organs and burning them seems trivial. Except, maybe, that the latter was being done sometimes long after the corpse had been laid to rest.
    3
  5149. They were used quite a lot in WWII. They had special harnesses built for paratroopers. The British also carried them on bombers in case the bomber ditched in the ocean.
    3
  5150. TubeChat absurd. The British camps were not built with chambers to execute the internees. Your comparison is mere hyperbole. I am not excusing the camps, which shocked the British themselves. Conditions were horrible, there was not enough food, and tens of thousands of women and mostly children died. These are facts that we know because of a commission appointed by the British government- something that itself delineates a stark difference from the Nazis. But they were not death camps. They were not built for the same purpose, and did not play the same role, and most of the internees survived. And you ignore the role that the Boer guerrillas, no longer with the excuse of behaving like a legitimate army and committing acts of barbarity themselves, played in the prosecution of that conflict. And, to be blunt on the history, the Boers were fighting over land that they had taken from Africans, largely to escape the British ban on them owning African slaves. The Second Boer war brought a number of horrors and proved the adage that “war is hell.” It causes included naked greed and the acts of administrators who paid little attention to the human consequences of their decisions. The war included stunning acts of inhumanity. But the war was not so simple as “British bad, Boer good.”
    3
  5151. Congratulations!
    3
  5152. That reference comes from the Lockheed web page and is stated this way: "As a reconnaissance aircraft, obtained 90 percent of the aerial film captured over Europe." It isn't clear if that is just USAAF, or all allied reconnaissance, but it was a very capable reconnaissance platform.
    3
  5153. That is how NASA pronounced Gemini
    3
  5154. The timing is purely because it is the anniversary of the burning of Richmond. As ever, I make no statement on current politics.
    3
  5155. It is not, it is actually a vintage hat display that I got second hand. The skull shaped decanters that I have seen are quite a bit smaller.
    3
  5156. I live in a suburb of St Louis on the Illinois side. It is controversial as to whether we qualify as Little Egypt. The line is fuzzy...
    3
  5157. I post on Monday/Wednesday/Friday. This year June 6 didn't happen to be a posting day. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGiRitPDNunBd3GaA03jy2Vm
    3
  5158. The bugle is a cheap replica. But I may well do an episode on buglers, yes.
    3
  5159. Get a picture next time. ;)
    3
  5160. Thank you for your service!
    3
  5161. Field Marshal
    3
  5162. It was mostly debt guaranteed by the participating governments for loans made during the various Mexican wars, as well as individual claims by European citizens in Mexico who had had property either expropriated or taken on a promise of repayment. There was also a mishmash of complaints regarding violence against European citizens or property. The motivations were primarily political, and not so much some machination of moneyed interests. For example, the Spanish claims on Mexico were about $8.5 million, while Spain owed England over $100 million at the time. The general consensus was more that this was an attempt to affect Mexican governance at a time when the US was too distracted to enforce the Monroe Doctrine.
    3
  5163. There is quite a lot to say about Canada during the US Civil War, although I have not done an episode yet. The Confederacy actually invaded Vermont from Canada in 1864. There was some fear that the US would turn north after the war ended, and that was said to be part of the impetus for Canadian Confederation in 1867. During the 1860s and 70s Irish-Americans, mostly Civil war veterans, raided Canada from the US in an attempt to force Britain to recognize Irish independence. And during the negotiations over the Alabama claims, at one point the US suggested that Britain cede Canada to the US as war reparations. And there was also, of course, the great Pig War in the west which included stationing troops throughout the Civil War up until 1874. All in all, it was in interesting period in US Canadian relations.
    3
  5164. Lucius Avenus yes, obviously that is a reproduction.
    3
  5165. Nope, I have received no offers. But YouTube has been good to me so far!
    3
  5166. Personally I agree- it isn't chocolate to me. White chocolate uses cocoa butter without the chocolate solids.
    3
  5167. There is an Alexander Eaglerock on display at DIA on Concourse B.
    3
  5168. I did do a brief mention of the Blackhawk War in this episode: https://youtu.be/JqrwroYA0VA
    3
  5169.  @Keifsanderson  thanks for the heads up! Fixed.
    3
  5170. mvpstj115 yes, I assure you that I never film without pants.
    3
  5171. That is an inflatable representation of an 8.8 cm round from the gift shop at The Tank Museum.
    3
  5172. Curtis Koehn but one of the points that Taake notes is that wolves were commonly killed by a single shot. The ability to withstand multiple musket shots would not be a characteristic of the European wolf. Nor is a thin tail, nor a stripe down the back. The beast was described as moving by leaping and attacking with its claws, neither of which is characteristic of canids. And Taake makes a good case regarding the statistically aberrant targeting of grown adults. It is quite possible that every abnormal description of the time was the result of distortion and hysteria (Jay Smith makes a compelling argument regarding the context of the social changes of the time.) But if we are to believe any of the descriptions attributed to the beast, it is hard to conclude that it was just another wolf. My goal was not to answer the mystery. In fact, I find the existence of the mystery to be the most interesting historical element of the story.
    3
  5173. It wouldn’t make money is someone wasn’t buying it.
    3
  5174. The line was that it was the most powerful at the date of its introduction in 1942.
    3
  5175. Johnson's maps are quite famous and collectable, using bright colors. The colors on that map are showing counties.
    3
  5176. Dewayne Harvey because the Administration was trying to appear as of they were benign neighbors, and then made it clear that they would quickly resort to military intervention. The region was not interested in a return to the Banana Wars era. The governments were far less willing to trust the Administration’s goodwill.
    3
  5177. He had anther son as well- Vasily, Svetlana's brother. He was a general in the Soviet Air force, but drank too much. He became an embarrassment after his father's death and was imprisoned for seven years, essentially for being indiscreet. He died of alcoholism in 1962.
    3
  5178. There is a description section you can expand under the video.
    3
  5179. It is a real Colt, but a 1970s production. Civil war cap and ball revolvers were popular for reenactment then. The police model is a scaled down version of the Colt 1860 Army and was used by the New York City police department.
    3
  5180. I don’t think thar pirates are good guys. They make for good stories, yes. But I am not pro-pirate.
    3
  5181. That was one of the intolerable acts. It created a great deal of resentment.
    3
  5182. I pronounced it the way the locals do.
    3
  5183. I lived in Farmington, south of Uniontown for a while
    3
  5184. I am sure you mean metaphorically. The sheep at the White House were a highly touted war measure.
    3
  5185. Wish my bank account looked like Bill Gates’.
    3
  5186. I usually prefer BC/AD, but in that case it was a direct quotation and I deferred to the author.
    3
  5187.  @virginiascurti5036  I am not meaning to be disrespectful. I have not been removing your comments. I simply don’t see what is untoward in posting this compilation this month. I did not intend to offend anyone by it.
    3
  5188. https://youtu.be/nRyIGTkcmII
    3
  5189. Purple hair.
    3
  5190. I might do an episode on the Ludlow massacre sometime, yes.
    3
  5191. Armoring Regret that is exactly correct. Memorial Day- the last Monday in May- remembers those who died serving. Veterans Day-November 11- remembers all who served, and Armed Forces Day- the third Saturday in May recognizes those currently serving.
    3
  5192. The Panay incident- we have not yet done an episode on it, but may well.
    3
  5193. Vern Etzel I simply disagree. He was certainly not a hero, and I do not present him as such. However, his life was interesting, represented a unique period in history, and touched some important events and figures. Society, and history, is more complex than good versus bad, and characters, especially colorful, complex characters like Titanic Thompson, are the proof that history is real.
    3
  5194. Thank you for your service!
    3
  5195. Sharon Mullins the Earps as well.
    3
  5196. It was certainly a wild place.
    3
  5197. Tobis Scootering an overview of the revolution would not be a good fit for either the five to ten minute time frame nor the forgotten history theme. But I have several episodes about events during the revolution, and have more on the list for future episodes.
    3
  5198.  @idiotburns  premium frees you from Google ads, not sponsored ads. I make usually twelve videos a month, two will be sponsored. If ten videos that ask literally nothing of you is not enough free stuff, then make your own. I have zero patience for people who are upset that I get paid for my effort.
    3
  5199. Good morning old friend.
    3
  5200. That is exactly the position they were in.
    3
  5201. I think that few people have seen it as often as she has.
    3
  5202. I acquired the hat complete. I don’t know who plucked the feathers.
    3
  5203. francis Rampen I believe that everything here is public record rather than “rumor.” Certainly there was no intent to slander Picasso.
    3
  5204. The battle at Castle Itter. It is on our topic list.
    3
  5205. JimDean inoculation predates Jenner, but vaccination does not. Variolation is different than vaccination. The history of variolation is here: https://youtu.be/HIerjWCYOYc
    3
  5206. I have corrected that issue in new videos by moving to a standard intro.
    3
  5207. Yes, the storm was seen at sea. Although, it is not known for sure that it was the same storm
    3
  5208. We continue to produce episodes as we always have regularly three days a week. In addition, we now release a podcast every other week. We post the podcasts here on YouTube because some podcast fans have asked for it here. In short, this has not replaced the regular videos, it is simply released in addition to them.
    3
  5209. "larboard" was a direct quotation, and it possible a newspaper would not have used the correct nautical term. I am pretty much a landlubber myself.
    3
  5210. The element was named after the planet. In medieval alchemy the metals were each associated with a planet. Previously the element was generally referred to as quicksilver or water-silver.
    3
  5211. It might have been a statement about his power, or about the remaining threat from the Northside gang. But local leaders could also be seen as protectors of their communities.
    3
  5212. In general in the US, photos published prior to Jan 1, 1927 are in the Public Domain. So images from newspapers from 1938 are still under copyright.
    3
  5213. Lots of great submarines stories. https://youtu.be/PKklyvxw8QU
    3
  5214. Yes, there were! He was on the crew of a privateer.
    3
  5215. The two Pueblo papers at the time were temporarily put out of commission, and could only print single page broadsheet “extras.” Papers in area communities, I think, took up the slack.
    3
  5216. I enjoy the game, and play it quite a lot. I do not endorse products I would not use, But, of course, to each his own.
    3
  5217. The footage is not in the Public Domain, so i could not include it. It is also very disturbing.
    3
  5218. The towers were triangular, approximately 61 meters per side. Tower 2 was approximately 180 KM east of Cape Cod in 17 meters of water. Tower 3 was approximately 80 KM southeast of Nantucket in 24 meters of water. Tower 4 was approximately 101 KM south southeast of Long Island in approximately 56 meters of water. Were there other measurements I missed?
    3
  5219. Norman Boyes there was worldwide sympathy for Sacco and Vanzetti.
    3
  5220. You are correct about easter in theory, but the problem is that the full moon falls on different days in different time zones, so the date was tied to the calendar, which then fell victim to the inaccuracies of the Julian calendar.
    3
  5221. His name is Pocky
    3
  5222. That was another one I had to leave out as the episode went long. It is another good example of the psychological effect of having armor, and hopefully we'll work it into another episode.
    3
  5223. A total of forty Sioux were executed at the end of the Dakota war. While the execution of 38 Dakota men on December 26, 1862 was the largest execution by hanging at a single event in US history, a total of fifty members of the St Patrick's battalion were hanged, making it the largest mass execution in US history. I fully understand that that is splitting hairs. It is all in how you define it. I tell the story of the war of the French Intervention in this episode: https://youtu.be/aiRkoEn6me4
    3
  5224. Pulaski Day: An Updated the History Guy Episode https://youtu.be/OKEbBR4ekMQ
    3
  5225. My name is Lance. https://www.stlpr.org/show/st-louis-on-the-air/2022-03-22/how-lance-geiger-became-a-youtube-star-with-the-history-guy
    3
  5226. I wouldn't want to get beaned with a Navy coffee cup...
    3
  5227. ryan olson and the penguins seem unimpressed.
    3
  5228. I have been playing- but they are really no more than animated logos and don't last more than 5 - 10 seconds.
    3
  5229. It is all fair speculation. Historians call it “counterfactual.” I think there are many reasons to think that Titanic going into service six months earlier might have impacted its fate. One hour difference and the ship and berg do not intersect.
    3
  5230. https://youtu.be/Kqqy6ZyWYjc
    3
  5231. He was- the Great Awakening was generally opposed to "Romanism," and he created a great many enemies in St Louis attacking Catholicism.
    3
  5232. No, I have not done an episode on the “stay behinds” yet.
    3
  5233. https://youtu.be/WuNCCVXV9cw?si=OC-65jZX2-FSnbCe
    3
  5234. I have a nice panama.
    3
  5235. Toothpaste: A History of Oral Hygiene https://youtu.be/ODmJJSaoYv8
    3
  5236. That was The UnXplained. It was fun to film, but yes, they specifically requested that I not wear the bow tie.
    3
  5237. It is actually an interesting story, and might, in fact, be an episode.
    3
  5238. He actually might have been the original...
    3
  5239. You are incorrect. He accedes to the throne immediately upon the death of the previous monarch.
    3
  5240. The purpose was to relate a historical event.
    3
  5241. Kamehameha I is a really interesting person, and it was a fascinating time in history that deserves to be remembered. The overall subject of his life is, I think, too broad for this channel, but I hope to put together a topic or two relevant to the period.
    3
  5242. USS Carbonero. https://www.history.navy.mil/our-collections/photography/us-navy-ships/alphabetical-listing/c/uss-carbonero--ss-337--0.html
    3
  5243.  @charlie15627  They are very Mad Max, as are the "Narco tanks." . There are several pictures online, although most are not Public Domain.
    3
  5244. As with everything Hamilton, it was complex. Some argue that Hamilton was the driving force behind sending the original mission to France. When Adams started up-sizing the army and called Washington out of retirement to lead it, Washington appointed Hamilton a Major-General. As Washington stayed at Mount Vernon, Hamilton was essentially de-facto head of the army. Hamilton made plans to defend US borders, and to attack Spanish colonies adjacent to the US, so he seemed to be rather hawkish. As a Federalist presumably he supported the Navy as well. But Hamilton was also instrumental in reopening negotiations with France that eventually ended the crisis. His position seemed to be to pursue peace while preparing for war.
    3
  5245. And a research facility. I grew up in the Black Hills back when it was a working mine.
    3
  5246. I was making no political statement
    3
  5247. I got to spend a few hours with him on the phone. What an amazing memory he has. A true gentleman and scholar.
    3
  5248. Click on the "Playlists" tab on the channel main page.
    3
  5249. That is a painting of caravels and galleys. The images are for illustration purposes. There are no photographs of a battle fought in 1509.
    3
  5250. There are specific disposal sites. Initially soil from Palomares was taken to a nuclear reservation in South Carolina. Soil more recently removed there under a new 2022 agreement is going to a nuclear reservation in Nevada.
    3
  5251. As well as Operation Dragoon and Operation Iceberg.
    3
  5252. I haven’t because that incident has garnered plenty of attention on YouTube recently
    3
  5253. This one is really interesting: https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/12/1/pdfs/05-0979.pdf
    3
  5254. A special edition “watermelon” color.
    3
  5255. Because his name was legally changed to Ruby.
    3
  5256. I would not be shocked at all- I have tread inside some of those buildings.
    3
  5257. Kirk
    3
  5258. Yes, the interventions mentioned are classic examples of gunboat diplomacy.
    3
  5259. Simply not true in terms of damage to property. I meant no disrespect to Galveston by talking about another hurricane. https://www.arcgis.com/apps/MapSeries/index.html?appid=50aea84a9853491f994f775cb989ea92
    3
  5260. While the war was, essentially, fought over slavery, the North never saw it as "a war to end slavery." The north also did not see military conscription as slavery. As the episode discusses, the motivations were in the North were more complex than abolitionists versus slavers.
    3
  5261. No, they are not extinct, although the total population may only be around 500. They live off East Africa and Indonesia.
    3
  5262. Fair point, but taking a glance at all of those, they were talking car models, not a single automobile. The Boyle special was not a car model- it was a single race car that managed to continue to run successfully for fourteen years. Those magazines don't seem to be trying to identify the most successful single race car. Don't get me wrong- there might have been single Corvette C5-Rs or Hudson Hornets that had as many wins, but that doesn't seem to be what those magazines were asking. Even then, the Chevrolet Corvette C5-R, making the top of most of those lists, debuted in 1999 and last raced in 2004. That is, even the car model only raced successfully for five seasons.
    3
  5263. And why not? https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4873664/
    3
  5264. I never mean to short the Allies or focus on the US. I can say, simply from my production perspective, US newsreels from the era are in the Public Domain, most British ones are not. It is easier for me to get visual media for an episode on American troops. That said, I have done several talking abut allied contributions during the war, and intend to continue to do so.
    3
  5265. Yes, Observation Squadron 7, VOS-7. The short-lived squadron consisted of aviators assigned from VOS squadron detachments aboard the battleships USS Arkansas, Texas and Nevada and the heavy cruisers USS Augusta, Tuscaloosa and Quincy. The squadron used the Spitfire Mark V. the Spitfire was seen as being more survivable in the face of likely German air resistance. The squadron was constituted only for the invasion, and existed only between June 1 and June 26, 1944. Nine planes but no pilots were lost.
    3
  5266. In fact, isn't it just as likely that his Nephew would have been in charge at the time? Still, arguing counterfactuals- what ifs- is a lot of fun.
    3
  5267. She wrote the script. She really films when she feels like it, but we don't want to pigeon-hole her for woman's history.
    3
  5268. Fixed- thanks!
    3
  5269. Agreed. A very thorough description of the U-boat war.
    3
  5270. Lucius Avenus that is a persistent myth that dates back at least to the Black Plague. The idea is that the onion will absorb the viruses or bacteria, or, in the case of the plague, “miasma” that was thought to be the cause. It is, however, not an effective way to prevent illness. Rather, eat the onion, as it is a healthy food that may boost your resistance.
    3
  5271. Nine of which existed in 1898. The Awards system made the awards far more rational, if still arguably political.
    3
  5272. The photo is not photo-shopped- it is actually a very famous photo. He, alone among them having served in the infantry, is in the uniform of the 170 infantry. He was proud of being a veteran of an elite unit. There were many French colonial units and the FFL with Black soldiers, but, very few Black men in the metropolitan regiments. He was, literally, the only black man in the 170th regiment- the only Black swallow of Death. I've never heard of him being offended by the title. He was the first known Black fighter pilot- why is there offense in mentioning that? It was a period when Black men were not usually given that opportunity. Certainly his record was amazing by any standard, but he left America because of race, went to France because of race, was excluded from serving with the AEF because of race, and not recognized for his accomplishments in the country of his birth because of race. Arguablt he was pused out of the French flying corps because of race. What kind of sensibility have we moved to if race is removed from that story?
    3
  5273. That seems an unrealistic understanding of war
    3
  5274. The reviews seem to be "it's not as bad as it sounds."
    3
  5275. We have not yet done an episode on the battle itself.
    3
  5276. I agree, his story would make a great movie. Many years ago, when I first posted that video, I was contacted by a production company who told me that a project was in the works. But I don’t know whatever became of it.
    3
  5277. We did an episode on that: https://youtu.be/vAtfL8K8tcw?si=gshrC_KSJT6bVz35
    3
  5278. We did as much as they were available. Anything painted after 1924 was not yet in the Public Domain.
    3
  5279. The Nelson at Point Loma Nazarene is no relation to the tank thief.
    3
  5280. Lol. Yes, that was a real toy.
    3
  5281. LOL you are the first that I know of. I am never embarrassed to be compared to a successful YouTuber.
    3
  5282. SeaLand is a division of Maersk, and uses the capital "L" in the middle. That name started in 1960 as "Sea-Land Service inc." Previous to that it was called Pan-Atlantic Steamship Corporation. So far as I can tell the two are not related except for the coincidence of the name.
    3
  5283.  @jgambe78  the quotation was “stem,” and injuries were at the front of the ship. The stem is the most forward part of the ship’s bow.
    3
  5284. I haven't done an episode on the Emu War because so many others have.
    3
  5285. We asked the publisher of the book if we could get permission to use some in the book, but got no response. Virtually all his pictures were taken by individuals, and they are not in the Public Domain. You can search out more pictures (or acquire the book- it is a fun read,) but we respect copyright at THG.
    3
  5286. Ida B. Wells- yes, she will likely be the focus of an episode.
    3
  5287.  @kevinbarry71  Victorian pornography was very tame by today’s standards.
    3
  5288. That was not me, but an impersonator. I reported them.
    3
  5289. It was often used to refer to Martin Van Buren.
    3
  5290. Well, he was "the quiet Beatle."
    3
  5291. I do plan an episode yes.
    3
  5292. That shape is called "diamond. " My bow ties all come gratis from the Tie Bar.
    3
  5293. The ATC role and more about flying “the hump” in this episode: https://youtu.be/-IKgxvD1SqA
    3
  5294. This was a contemporary poem written about Adda by Walt Mason: She ranks with the thinkers and readers who never do farming by guess; She studies the eminent breeders, and follows their path to success. She wants to see farm life improving, to cast off the outworn and dead; “And so,” she remarks, “it’s behooving the farmer to work with his head.” She teaches the bright side of farming, the profit, the glory, the fun And makes the vocation seem charming as no one before her had done
    3
  5295. https://youtu.be/aMBuLuA47Wo
    3
  5296. I apologize for the error.
    3
  5297. It is still in official service, currently used by instructors on marine Corps rifle ranges.
    3
  5298. I disagree with your characterization. The term "impactful" is often used figuratively and means having a lasting impression- it is not limited to physical effect.
    3
  5299. I have no more answers about the Liberty attack than anyone else.
    3
  5300. Maybe- but I won’t promise. He was a extraordinary spy for sure, but there are so many D-Day stories to tell
    3
  5301.  @terryboyer1342  I got that, but the sandwich is still interesting. I suspect many think it has something to do with the fictional character.
    3
  5302. That is a fair point. The word "pith" more narrowly referred to sholapith helmets, which are constructed using the interior of the Aeschynomene plant and are associated with the flat topped India-style hat design. But the term pith is usually defined more generically as the soft or spongy tissues of plants, which would include cork. Despite being derived from different parts of different plants, the two have similar properties and the hat construction is similar. The construction using resin impregnated fibers stamped on a die is much more substantially different in character and construction than the difference between cork and sholapith. I would say the same of the newer hats that are made of molded plastic. Importantly, the pressed fiber helmet was chosen specifically because actual pith construction was too expensive. But, in a more generic sense, "pith helmet" has come to refer to a style of helmet rather than it's construction, and in that understanding all of the above are usually called "pith helmets. "
    3
  5303. That is not the CPO device, but the cadet device- that is a hat for the NavCad program.
    3
  5304. Views don't show until the person stops watching, many hit like before they stop watching.
    3
  5305. Mr Saturday Night Special yes, the Grand Duke was using a Smith and Wesson model 3 revolver.
    3
  5306. That is a fair point- as difficult as it must have been to be Stalin's daughter, it was much worse for millions who were not his daughter.
    3
  5307. The Black Hills are the easternmost range of the Rocky Mountains. I grew up there and we always said mountain west.
    3
  5308. Essex fought a lot of pirates
    3
  5309. I've tried to write it, but I am afraid it is still too controversial.
    3
  5310. They were still called “chemical mortars,” and “chemical mortar battalions.” https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_mortar_battalion
    3
  5311. That is Pookie. He was one of the history cats who joined me in several episodes. He was with us 19 years, and passed away in June. The portrait is an homage.
    3
  5312. Fair point, but the Battle of the Sunda Strait is usually seen as a part of the larger battle of the Java Sea.
    3
  5313.  @smc1942  I do hope to tell the story of the demise of USS Houston and HMAS Perth in another episode.
    3
  5314. The timing already slipped from the original five-minute idea. I may do another channel in the future with a different format.
    3
  5315. LOL
    3
  5316. I apologuze- we did not mean to cause trauma.
    3
  5317. "Blood Moon" is not, actually, an officially recognized term. While it can refer to the reddish hue that is the result of a full lunar eclipse, the term is also sometimes used to refer to a moon that appears red because of dust, smoke or haze in the sky. https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/full-moons/en/#:~:text=The%20air%20molecules%20from%20Earth's,or%20haze%20in%20the%20sky.
    3
  5318. That was Alan Shepard. He did not take a club, but rather a club head that was attached to a mission tool as a makeshift club. The “experiment” was approved by NASA leadership.
    3
  5319. Well, he must be somewhere in the photos of the Keystone battery…
    3
  5320. I am sure we will do more: https://youtu.be/65Qr20TLBxQ
    3
  5321. It is from the archive- no update
    3
  5322. Do you mean patron on Patreon? Yes, we will provide coupons to cover any payments already made to Patreon as we shift to Locals. Email business@thehistoryguy.net if you are having any difficulty. Also, you don't have to be a member or patron to join us at TheHistoryGuyGuild.Locals.com. While some content requires that you be a financial supporter, we post quite a lot that does not. Anyone can join the discussion.
    3
  5323. The private mints would have been self-sustaining- they would have been charging a fee to mint the gold that came in. The U.S. mints had as part of their goal, to increase the availability of currency.
    3
  5324. About twice the size of his sister, but not the largest cat in my house.
    3
  5325. First, the Fourth Amendment was not interpreted to apply beyond the federal government until the 1920s. There was no requirement for local authorities. Second, the Fourth Amendment was intended to prevent broad warrants, and does not, in its wording, require a warrant be issued. In this case, a law enforcement agent had specific cause to search those trunks. That is actually allowable under the wording of the 4th Amendment. There is a good synopsis of the 4th Amendment history here: https://law.jrank.org/pages/2014/Search-Seizure-Fourth-Amendment-origins-text-history.html
    3
  5326. Coffelt was a WWII veteran and his burial at Arlington was within the standards of the time.
    3
  5327. The news stories were not clear, but clearly it was survivable.
    3
  5328. Paul Sweeney no, I was not targeting your comment.
    3
  5329. Only a few of the “fs” models were produced. But because of the special features you can guess they had a greater chance of being preserved.
    3
  5330. Tom Clancy's novel was actually inspired by the mutiny aboard the frigate Storozhevoy in 1975.
    3
  5331. NOAA asked us to do it that way so that it can be easily removed when the exhibit closes.
    3
  5332. I did not mention the addendum, or, rather, merely alluded to it at the end, because it was, by that time, too late for TF 34 to reach Leyte anyway.
    3
  5333. Norman Boyes the officers cap is made by “Stokes Cap and Regalia,” which is a Canadian company that makes police and fire department hats. It is stitched together from bits, and I suspect was made as a stage prop.
    3
  5334. RocKiteman _ 2001 I was skeptical of the story, having only seen it in brief web stories. I was happy to find the local newspaper that had interviewed the co-pilot.
    3
  5335. https://www.stlpr.org/show/st-louis-on-the-air/2022-03-22/how-lance-geiger-became-a-youtube-star-with-the-history-guy
    3
  5336. It is true that the assistant harbor master saw the issue and was overruled by the harbor master. Certainly that harbormaster shoulders a good deal of the responsibility.
    3
  5337. Kujo!
    3
  5338. Presumably because it was developed for the Navy. Fairy also produced models named the Swordfish, the Barracuda, and the Spearfish, and named several other models after sea birds.
    3
  5339. Those are generic earthquake animations from a stock footage site.
    3
  5340. No extra takes required. I fidget with those coins all the time.
    3
  5341. That was a direct quotation from a 1966 book. The name was commonly used at the time. But of course congress is involved. The medal is awarded “on behalf of, and in the name of congress,” and on the obverse reads “the congress to.” The award is authorized by an act of congress.
    3
  5342. The Seven Years War has a better argument for being first. But the world wide scope of the American Revolution is often forgotten by Americans. https://youtu.be/cSlvpJIzBJ8 https://youtu.be/HiK2WMm_vWE
    3
  5343. Early on in the channel I wore different ties, and even gasp did an episode without a tie at all. Viewers responded to the bow ties, so I stuck to those. Robert Todd Lincoln had two children survive to adulthood (another son died of an infection at age 16.) He had three grandchildren, all of whom died childless. The last direct descendant of Abraham Lincoln was Robert Todd Lincoln Beckworth, who died in 1985.
    3
  5344. They do not include the purges, no. The numbers are war dead.
    3
  5345. Mentioned in this episode: https://youtu.be/J9IabP_W3SM
    3
  5346. I’ll let my nephews know. YouTube doesn’t allow comments on videos made for kids in order to comply with the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act.
    3
  5347. The story of Louisiana territory is interesting itself. All that was really granted was the exclusive right to negotiate with the Native peoples.
    3
  5348. My misspeak, I apologize.
    3
  5349. USS Constitution would respectfully like to note that HMS Victory no longer floats.
    3
  5350. There were multiple errors, but yes, had the engineer closed the bleed air valve as the checklist required the flight likely would have been simply routine.
    3
  5351. A terrible tragedy. I have meant to do a video on the Eastland disaster and just haven't gotten to it yet.
    3
  5352. I would say more of an urban/rural thing. It really does depend where you are in the state.
    3
  5353. There is no indication that the French general did that either.
    3
  5354. https://www.flickr.com/photos/49487266@N07/14197478131/
    3
  5355. Yes, this is a history channel.
    3
  5356. https://youtu.be/t1LNx1pgMeY
    3
  5357. liberty research yup. It is a mystery that is unlikely to be conclusively solved. There is a good discussion of different theories here: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/still-mysterious-death-edgar-allan-poe-180952936/
    3
  5358. Not the deer’s fault...
    3
  5359. The Red Ghost. Mentioned in the video.
    3
  5360. It has been on my list for a while, and I think will be an episode. It is a compelling story of sacrifice.
    3
  5361.  @scottmcdaniels3254  respectfully, I cited directly the source of my statement.
    3
  5362. You honor him with your memory. Thank you for telling his story.
    3
  5363.  @brucebear1  the boat was built on the Roanoke river. It is unclear whether it was named after the sound, the town, the county, or even the Duke, or, perhaps, all of the above.
    3
  5364. https://youtu.be/idmP_Kpjo2E
    3
  5365. His recounting of the story make it clear that he was uncomfortable with the attention.
    3
  5366. Convertible implies it can convert back...
    3
  5367. And John May, who was just a mechanic.
    3
  5368. We will likely be scheduling some events in the area. We'll post when we have details.
    3
  5369. So far, an unanswerable question. But I will do my best to summarize the most current thinking on the subject in part 2.
    3
  5370. Sponsorships pay for the content. It takes time and effort to produce these episodes. I don't think a minute and a half of your time is too much to ask to help pay to produce the channel. I don't know how common sponsored episodes will be, but I promise to always make it clear when an episode is sponsored and never accept a sponsorship for a product I do not endorse. There will always be plenty of content without if that is important to you. This is the only episode so far including paid sponsorship out of some 270 produced.
    3
  5371. https://youtu.be/ghDSAix7z00 https://youtu.be/ckumWb9r8UM https://youtu.be/Rqpk6RolUNk https://youtu.be/pkR3DqnXhIk https://youtu.be/75RVHe8KJTk https://youtu.be/TYW49K5nQFA https://youtu.be/OrbFfd7m7Ik
    3
  5372. Immediately thereafter they joined with RAF Bomber command for day and night bombing of Berlin. They were later redirected to targets directly supporting the planned allied landings. The Luftwaffe was significantly reduced by the time troops were landed at Normandy.
    3
  5373. I don't know. I bought a lot of vintage photos on eBay and there was a page clearly torn from a photo album with his picture. I felt sad that he was so forgotten that he just wound up in a pile of pictures and decided that he deserved to be remembered.
    3
  5374. We cover a broad range of history. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjdbiao9U9ZgbDlR-1L8uw_
    3
  5375. Joe Walshe. Not the same guy, no. ;)
    3
  5376. That was one of the triggering factors, yes.
    3
  5377. It was, at least indirectly, related to the Greek Civil War in many ways. I talk more about the Greek Civil War itself in this episode: https://youtu.be/fY1PIW1z6jg
    3
  5378.  @s4usea  begins around 10:40.
    3
  5379. Happy Anniversary!
    3
  5380. Tallest "mountain" in North Dakota: White Butte, 3508 feet. Tallest Mountain in South Dakota: Black Elk Peak, 7244 feet. We literally look down on you figuratively looking down in us.
    3
  5381. I appreciate my sponsors.
    3
  5382. Not at all. Intersex was recognized by the ancient Greeks. It isn’t exactly new. And the novel explanation for these remains is about as far from “trendy” as it can be. Literally, this would be the only known example in anthropology. Faced with a conundrum- skeletal remains that matched General Pulaski in every way except that they were obviously female- an assistant county coroner recalled a description of an obscure condition he had seen in a medical journal. It is an interesting example of anthropological detective work, and the only explanation offered that seems to fit the facts. I am confused why people seem so threatened by it.
    3
  5383. I don't recognize the name Harry Danner, do you have information in him? The man who was shielding the Pennsylvania with his crane was George Walters. http://www.submarinesailor.com/biography/GeorgeWalters/
    3
  5384. There is no such patent. There is a patent that purports to stop hurricanes by warming air with jet afterburners. There is another patent that purports to disrupt storms using sound waves. Neither purports to create nor control hurricanes. Neither is tested (a patent doesn’t actually mean the idea works.) And neither is, according to experts, practical.
    3
  5385. No more than buying anything of value...
    3
  5386. Soren Peterson we have four cats, and I tried to get any one of them to come sit with me for the video. But, I swear, it was like herding cats.
    3
  5387. Death of a Valkyrie: The 1966 XB-70 Midair Collision https://youtu.be/EDze-NIz3Qs
    3
  5388. That is simply false. Pulaksi was not trans, and never a she. He had male genitalia and famously a mustache and never seems to have identified as anything other than a male. I mean no agenda when I say that it is factually incorrect to conflate intersex conditions and transsexuals.
    3
  5389. I do all the production myself using Cyberlink Power Director. The clips done to the camera are done without cue cards or a prompter.
    3
  5390. Well viewers complained about having to watch the intro over and over.
    3
  5391. I like them- no “point” required. I’ve made around 800 episodes in bow ties, I doubt my audience would recognize me without one.
    3
  5392. You are correct- a day every four years. I misspoke, sorry.
    3
  5393. MrAmptech yeah, he might not want to tell the whole story...
    3
  5394. The Police chief was investigating the fire- he was thrown into the river by the blast and drowned.
    3
  5395. Yes. The best Batman.
    3
  5396. It is an early episode. I didn't start out with a bow tie, i just wore one one episode and viewers said they liked it.
    3
  5397. No. Respectfully, I like the cat more then you.
    3
  5398. Before the animal was "discovered" by science, it was described that way- largely because the body is horse-like and from the side it appears to have one horn. But the point is that , in searching for a mythical creature, they found something both real and unique.
    3
  5399. You mean, add to your flamboyance?
    3
  5400. He did better than Braddock. Actually, there were a good number of British defeats in the war between 1755-1757 .
    3
  5401. Purportedly, he only gained an appointment to West Point because an influential republican was trying to keep him away from his daughter. He was a notorious prankster at West Point, and always on the verge of expulsion.
    3
  5402. Actually the enabling legislation uses both terms, and from the start the medal was awarded "in the name of congress." According to the US Military, both terms are acceptable.
    3
  5403. Largely the pirates were as derisive of the communists as the Nazis- they didn't like political ideologues of any persuasion.
    3
  5404. The real goal of the episode was to highlight that this under-appreciated event dramatically affected politics in a dynamic part of the nation's history. I was not actually trying to claim that the Civil War would not have occurred. But the game of counter-factuals is fun to play, (even if ultimately unsatisfying.) I think there is a conceivable scenario where the balance is maintained until slavery became economically unsupportable. That would have possibly been worse for people who remained in slavery for a longer period, but a less violent end to the institution might conceivably have resulted in less racial conflict since. Of course, it might have resulted in just the opposite, or merely delayed war until technology made it even more horrific.
    3
  5405. Indirect taxes are a different question, and certainly Americans chafed under the mercantilist system. But it was direct taxes that drove the unrest of the American Revolution. The average American paid one shilling a year in taxes, whereas the average Britain paid 26. The difficulty faced by the debt from the Seven Years War is, of course, the point made in the episode. This doesn’t discount the indirect costs (but also advantages) of being part of the empire, nor the complaint that Americans received almost no services and no parliamentary representation for their taxes. It simply highlights one of the reasons that people were restive in mid-eighteenth century England.
    3
  5406. I do all kinds of history.
    3
  5407. sirrliv it is supposedly in production, although no release date has been announced.
    3
  5408. Sadly, apparently not closely related to either.
    3
  5409. The similarity is hard to deny. In poker, of course, a half-fizzbin is required to open betting, and it cannot be coincidence that the royal flush and the royal fizzbin are the highest hands in poker and fizzbin. But I don’t know of any poker version of a kronk.
    3
  5410. It is an ancient symbol of good luck.
    3
  5411. Respectfully, you are overstating that evidence, and the opinion that Solomon did not exist at all is still a minority opinion. The extent to which the historical figure differed from the biblical description is, of course, not a focus of the episode.
    3
  5412. I didn’t remove any comments
    3
  5413. fair point, that does make more sense. It may have been transcribed wrong when he told his story.
    3
  5414. Charles Borden I am, I actually used to live in CO and have had the opportunity to appreciate the Alexanders on display at DIA and the aircraft museum in Pueblo (yes, I have flown into Pueblo Memorial Airport.) But an episode on it had no occurred to me. I will definitely put it on my list! Thank you!
    3
  5415. An excellent film! It is hard to say if Thala inspired the film, but if so, it is in a purely fictional sense. The film was intended as a morale booster, and the unit described (the Duke of Glendon's Light Infantry) is fictional. Action is shown inside the town, which did not occur at Thala.
    3
  5416. I left out the story of Dr Snow and the Broad Street Pump because he was simply not much believed at the time.
    3
  5417.  @TM-ev2tc  Two Teens, a Ham Radio, and Operation Deep Freeze https://youtu.be/uaTm_LUifUI
    3
  5418. Apparently not enough to feed the crew.
    3
  5419. Fair point, and yes, I do make mistakes.
    3
  5420. https://youtu.be/kbxrqQFetvI
    3
  5421. I certainly did not intend to take away from the contributions of Australian commandos. We might well cover some of their exploits in future episodes.
    3
  5422.  @HemlockRidge  it is hard to say “older,” in that they were authorized at the same time. The Navy decided during construction to convert the Portland Class cruisers to New Orleans Class, but Portland and Indianapolis were built in private yards and not converted. Interestingly, Indianapolis launched ahead of Portland.
    3
  5423. I plan to do more. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhD9mRi1wl8JnEdt6IiGl7a
    3
  5424. I don't have one. Yet.
    3
  5425. That is the day the Amendment was passed by congress and sent to the states. The Amendment was not ratified until 2/3 of the states ratified.
    3
  5426. 40mm Bofors are still in service today.
    3
  5427.  @masterskrain2630  I use Viddyoze.
    3
  5428. Roy Blunt is a former senator from Missouri. So far as I can find there is no relation.
    3
  5429. James Jacocks there are several micro nations in the US as well. But I think that offers a different challenge than Sealand, which was literally abandoned in what was international waters at the time. I also think that UN conventions do have to catch up with the reality of man-made islands as issues of national sovereignty. My goal was not to take a stand, but merely to present the interesting history of a place unique even among the oddity of micro nations.
    3
  5430. We live in interesting times, with competing forces of globalism versus more demand for self-determination. Places like Bangladesh, Eritrea, and the South Sudan are still very young nations (despite ancient histories.)I am old enough to recall a time when there were two Germanys and no one thought that would every change. As a historian, I can only wonder what history will say of this period a century from now.
    3
  5431.  @winegoddess55  his name is Pocky, and he is a handsome devil.
    3
  5432. I suppose that is a fair point.
    3
  5433. In the context of the cartoon is was most likely simply a comic mispronunciation of "moron."
    3
  5434. Those are feral as opposed to wild. Yes, they are a pest.
    3
  5435. Thank you!
    3
  5436. I very well may. I have done a few on the Victoria Cross recipients.
    3
  5437. We take viewer suggestions seriously, but we do get hundreds of suggestions, and cannot guarantee when or if a particular topic will be produced.
    3
  5438. LOL
    3
  5439. Yup. listen carefully and you'll hear them flying over in almost every episode.
    3
  5440. LOL
    3
  5441. Thank you for your service!
    3
  5442. He was purring and begging to be held. At 18 years, he always looks grumpy.
    3
  5443. They did not do well in zoos. Martha never produced offspring. There were sincere attempts to breed them, but they were largely unsuccessful. The idea of conservation and even extinction was really not understood at the time. Hunters would, for example, attack their roosts, driving the birds away from nesting. Obviously hunters today know better than to prevent an economically important species from reproducing. One point with the passenger pigeon was that they were thought to be so numerous that you could never hunt them all. It turns out they were evolutionarily adapted to large populations, and could not survive in small numbers.
    3
  5444. S Tho all very good points. The campaign in the south was interesting. Militia and Tories played a large role. Green understood strategy. Morgan’s victory at Cowpens is under appreciated.
    3
  5445. And made planes for them to fly...
    3
  5446. I would say, however, that empire building did not begin with the British, nor did abuse of those subjugated. And Britain was hardly the worst in history. Even in the era of the Bengal Famine you could not responsibly argue that British was treating their subjugated peoples with nearly the brutality of the Japanese occupiers. A long historical perspective doesn't excuse the mis, mal and non-feasance of the British empire, but it does free you from the idea that the British empire was unique. As an example, the thirteenth century Mongol conquest of Khwarezmia killed an estimated 90% of the population in the conquered lands.
    3
  5447. Michael Bell the bodies were later recovered and buried in the US at Jefferson Barracks in St Louis. Names and location of their memorials are listed here: https://www.pacificwrecks.com/aircraft/c-47/42-23952.html
    3
  5448. How do you come to that number?
    3
  5449. This was originally released at the end of December, however the podcasts post to youtube on a delay.
    3
  5450. It doesn't appear that they thought that far ahead. I think the hope was they would get there quickly before the prison was alerted and hijack it with the guns. That is, in fact, similar to how several of them had made their previous escapes.
    3
  5451. We may do a full episode some time, but did mention the Franklin expedition in this episode: https://youtu.be/i4abprNgpnU
    3
  5452. Burke Campbell certainly any misdeeds of Ashley’s crew would be history, and would deserve to be remembered. But that doesn’t change the nature of the history provided in the episode. I never pretended this to be a comprehensive history of everything they ever did told in ten minutes. If there are specific events that you want to discuss, YouTube is a good platform to present history. You bring up a fair point of discussion regarding historiography. However, the opposite point is also fair. If we focus on misdeeds, we can lose sight of significant accomplishments. In my opinion we have shifted too far in the general description of Columbus. His arrival brought horrors, and he did horrible things. But he is responsible more than any other person for connecting the old world and the new- one of the single most important events in human history. It is tragic that, in our zeal to uncover his crimes, that connection has become merely a footnote. Similarly, if the opening of the west becomes merely a footnote, then I think that someone somewhere will have lost historical perspective.
    3
  5453. Yes, Coke hat, after Baron Coke.
    3
  5454. Evan Lipe Bovington? Awesome museum!
    3
  5455. I made a video about Operation Stormfury. It is a history documentary posted on a channel dedicated to history . It was posted the night before Helene hit, before any of the claims that the hurricane was somehow manipulated arose.
    3
  5456. As it happens, it is also my oldest child's birthday! Happy Birthday!
    3
  5457. The press has always done so, and did in the time of Lovejoy. The idea of the First Amendment is that government is not the entity to decide what is and is not "truth" to be printed. It is up to us, the consumers of media, to both determine what we believe to be truth, and to hold the press accountable.
    3
  5458. Possibly, yes. I live not far from New Madrid.
    3
  5459. Which one?
    3
  5460. Either term is correct. I do tend to prefer "The Great War" because, of course, a ;participant in that war would have been rather alarmed to hear it called "World War I."
    3
  5461. That is a very interesting bit of history- shocking that it could occur as late as 1951. I will research more. Thanks!
    3
  5462. Thanks! I need to do a War of 1812 topic.
    3
  5463. The NTSB report does not speculate as to airspeed during the dive, since "except for some short 3- to 7- second intervals of accurate data, the data recorded by the DFDR ..were either unreliable or erroneous." There was simply no reliable speed data during the dive. However, the report noted that "Between 10:15:23 and 10:17:15 the airplane descended from 30,132 to 9,577 feet."
    3
  5464. There certainly is no intent to make any statement regarding modern China or communism. I do not contend that China represents the oldest civilizations, but it is certainly one of the oldest, and the most persistent.
    3
  5465. asfdg asdcv unfortunately YouTube doesn’t allow you to re-upload to the same link, so there is no way to go change the music volume. I have moved to a standard intro on my newer videos.
    3
  5466. spchalupa Pan Am actually operated four models of large flying boats- The Sikorsky S-40 and S-42, the Martin M-130 and the Boeing B-314. You are correct, the photo over the Golden Gate bridge is a Martin M-130.
    3
  5467. Was I missing?
    3
  5468. I misspoke. I apologize.
    3
  5469. For some yes. I am doing a series on my hats exclusively for patrons on Patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    3
  5470. It is related in the fact that the two are similar widths. I agree that the best guess is that that is a coincidence- it is a sensible gauge for horse drawn wagons. But it is not inconceivable that the two are directly related, in that early British tram cars were made by wainwrights who would likely have typically built wagons to fit the ruts in English country roads. But when you look at the history of gauge in great Britain, it seems just as likely that a broader gauge could have prevailed.
    3
  5471. I have not yet.
    3
  5472. Craig Maggio it is in most of the videos- it is my favorite hat stand.
    3
  5473. That is a matter of some dispute. On Dec 20, 1777 Sultan Mohammed ben Abdallah of Morocco declared that vessels under the American flag could enter Moroccan ports. (In fact, American merchant vessels heavily used Moroccan ports before the Sultan's announcement.) While that is a recognition of sorts, if you ask the US state Department, they will say that the first country to recognize the United States was France, on February 6, 1778. The difference is that the Moroccan announcement did not include a formal treaty and exchange of Ambassadors, which actually didn't happen until 1787. To more complicate the question, there are some who argue that the merchant republic of Ragusa recognized shipping under the American flag in 1776, although that date is disputed. You will find references supporting any of the three claims.
    3
  5474. I don’t know if they met personally, but they did correspond.
    3
  5475. I am sure it will be an episode some day yes, I vividly recall watching the rescue efforts on TV.
    3
  5476. Bruce Welty that is likely economics- choosing cultivars that transport well. But you can get some amazing heirloom varieties there.
    3
  5477. I got he photo as part of a lot of vintage photos on eBay. I don't know who he is, but I figured that he still deserved to be remembered.
    3
  5478. While I appreciate that you want something for nothing, I have to pay bills. I do not think that 1.5 minutes of your time is too much to ask in exchange for this content.
    3
  5479.  @JamesWylde  yes, I apologize for the error.
    3
  5480. Tragic story.
    3
  5481. I use an application called "Viddyoze."
    3
  5482. Well thank you!
    3
  5483. "I think you're the one person on the planet who could have made the inner workings of the Trade Federation... interesting." That is possibly the greatest compliment in the history of mankind. Thank you!
    3
  5484.  @Dave_Sisson  although, to be fair, the Cherokee class was not consistent in naming convention. Hence “HMS Beagle.”
    3
  5485. Almost seems worth it...
    3
  5486. It had severe damage, but made it back to port.
    3
  5487. We haven't produced an episode on the 155 mm gun M1, but might in the future.
    3
  5488. The phrase long predates Bill McCoy, but has been applied to several McCoys (and, likely, originally McKays.)
    3
  5489. Fair point-.that is a relatively new idea that is becoming more common
    3
  5490. Josiah Harlan, who was, reportedly, the inspiration for Kipling's "The Man Who Would Be King." I talk about Ranjit Singh in this episode: https://youtu.be/7tZkSRNsI_g
    3
  5491. Those are antique coins.
    3
  5492. Thank you for the heads up!
    3
  5493. roboZ starrr there was actually a lengthy discussion about that. One reason they are naked is because clothes would imply culture. The goal was to make them race-neutral.
    3
  5494. Fair point.
    3
  5495. https://www.howtopronounce.com/german/von-spee
    3
  5496. No, Tom Custer’s were not revoked by the Miles commission.
    3
  5497. David Dixon Porter has his detractors, and has been described by some as self-serving and ambitious. But those were common complaints during the era when promotion was seen as quite competitive. His is one of the most important names in US Naval history. He found success during the Civil War through daring and innovation. His effect on the Navy after was substantial. He was only the second man in the US Navy to reach the rank of admiral. (After his adopted brother David Farragut. If his legacy is complex, it is difficult to see how his career can be seen as other than successful.
    3
  5498. I recall it well. yes, it does deserve to be remembered.
    3
  5499. There are two accepted pronunciations to the word. I used the one in the episode because, given the poems that were published in newspapers, that was the pronunciation used at the time. It would be more jarring if it didn't rhyme, no?
    3
  5500. We still may do an episode on the Blackout of 1965, but we did mention it in this episode: https://youtu.be/H2AIWCIvU7M
    3
  5501. Yes, I am fine. I did lose a little weight.
    3
  5502. I doubt there is cell service on Kure Atoll
    3
  5503. Actually, i do think I have one of those somewhere...
    3
  5504. It can be- versus ice cream it is often made in small batches with better ingredients. But that is not universally the case. Too, it also often contains more sugar. Nutritionists will generally not acknowledge the “more healthy” claim and stress that both are high-calorie treats. I agree though, gelato just has a brighter flavor
    3
  5505. It was repaired and served with China Airlines another 12 years, and then by other operators until 2005, when the FAA suspended the operating certificate. It is currently store in a hanger in Tijuana and "reported to be in very poor condition."
    3
  5506. That is a good story itself. Barb's first five war patrols (before Flucky took command) were in the Atlantic. During that time the Barb was thought to have sunk a German merchant ship off Cape Finisterre on December 29, 1942. The crew apparently added the German flag at the time. It turns out, however, that the ship was damaged, not sunk, and was actually misidentified- it was a neutral Spanish ship. The commander was chewed out, the record was covered up (the British reportedly told the Spanish that it could not have been one of their submarines- cleverly leaving out that there were American submarines in the area) and the emblem stayed on the battle flag. The story of the Barb's service in the Atlantic, including the event with the Spanish freighter, is detailed here: http://www.subvetpaul.com/SAGA_6_98.htm
    3
  5507. Netherlandish Proverbs by Pieter Bruegel the Elder
    3
  5508. Quite possibly true.
    3
  5509. https://youtu.be/jDcog2ZP684?si=6xOj6jThViL0Ovf5
    3
  5510. I grew up listening to Paul Harvey, and take that as high praise. Thank you!
    3
  5511. The Tulsa riot is certainly on my list. There is a lot of history to do! https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGiGoRJ5Nz_rQYc80Oq7rbgp
    3
  5512. Operation Neptune was part of Operation Overlord.
    3
  5513. Absolutely it is. The cosmological factors have to align in way that occurs on no other planet so far discovered.
    3
  5514. Mystery of the Missing Congressmen https://youtu.be/bcXFgy322JY
    3
  5515. Admittedly, this one was confusing- they had complex relationships.
    3
  5516. I talked about that specifically in the episode. My understanding wasn't that it had anything to do with "acidifying blood," but in increasing fluid in the lungs. I talked about the issue more in this episode:: https://youtu.be/5tUQ7VHnB6c?si=7KxkKg8HFLjLfU4r
    3
  5517. Correct- the two Marines who died April 29, 1975 were the last to die in Vietnam, but the victims of the Mayaguez incident died in theater. The Last Battle of the Vietnam War: The Mayaguez incident https://youtu.be/VU5JPHQGckU
    3
  5518. I did!
    3
  5519. It appears that the photo was from 1935. I don’t know if the people can ever be identified.
    3
  5520. Possibly. Thank you!
    3
  5521. Operation Overlord was the code name for the allied invasion of Normandy, of which Operation Neptune- the D-Day invasion- was just one part.
    3
  5522. Fair point. My mistake.
    3
  5523. I am not sure why you say the risk was greater with Americans, but the British merely repatriated those they captured back to the Partisans.
    3
  5524. For exclusive content, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    3
  5525. Lightsy was not the one he accused. He was the station manager, and was trying to mediate the dispute.
    3
  5526. But random action figures are doing the endorsing…
    3
  5527. For some reason a picture didn’t render when processing. Unfortunately YT doesn’t allow us to correct a video once posted.
    3
  5528. Braddock's defeat was an interesting battle, and may get its own episode some day.
    3
  5529. https://youtu.be/EreCgy4ECpA?si=0qz730-Fy0J9qARb
    3
  5530. Yes, i have so far not done an episode on Mrs Nash
    3
  5531.  @johnraines4825  did you watch the video?
    3
  5532. Discussed in this episode: https://youtu.be/QIcOI4a0LP8
    3
  5533. Yes- ads are by Google. I don’t control them. But, truly, campaign season is money for YT creators.
    3
  5534. It is.
    3
  5535. Fair point.
    3
  5536. My son wrote this script. THG is me, HCW is my wife, JCG is my son. He is twenty-seven, a lover of history like his father, and an excellent writer.
    3
  5537. Correct, sorry for the error. The Carl Vinson was the third Nimitz-Class carrier.
    3
  5538. It isn't clear exactly what the malady was, but some sources suggest that she had an infection of gangrene.
    3
  5539. The article was a history. Yes, it was published in 1995
    3
  5540. Seriously, don't presume to know my politics.
    3
  5541. Wow! that is about 27 hours of The History Guy! Thanks for being such a loyal viewer!
    3
  5542. The podcast is a podcast. Videos are posted every Monday, Wednesday and Friday
    3
  5543. No, none were preserved.
    3
  5544. The Legend of Smurfy Hollow. I have never watched it.
    3
  5545. That was a direct quotation from a member of Warspite's crew. He was incorrect, but it was his experience that mattered in this episode.
    3
  5546. I don't believe I used that name. But, as the society is comprised of people who have received the award, why aren't they bothered by the "Congressional" part? The complaint about the name of the award doesn't not seem to stem from people who have received the award.
    3
  5547. I think you misunderstand if you see such a spin. I do strive to offer a balanced perspective, and, as Oliver Cromwell said, paint the wars and all. But I generally am not trying to make a contemporary political point, and would rather leave that up to the viewer.
    3
  5548. Certainly could call them that…
    3
  5549. Not according to the man who named it. https://spaceref.com/status-report/nasa-new-horizons-the-pis-perspective-two-for-the-price-of-one/
    3
  5550. The Saginaw did do anti-piracy patrols. But even pirates didn’t go to Ocean Island
    3
  5551. It is a WWII Marine dress white hat. It only looked pink because of the reflection from the lava-lamp.
    3
  5552. Yeah- creepy scene
    3
  5553. It is called "Highway Wildflowers" and is from the YouTube royalty free library.
    3
  5554. Bunga Bunga!
    3
  5555. Yes. Krakatoa was a VEI 6 eruption.
    3
  5556. It was the United States under the articles of Confederation.
    3
  5557. I recall 10 for a dollar at goodwill.
    3
  5558. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    3
  5559. The end of the movie is supposedly showing the New York Draft riot, but it is not particularly accurate in that part.
    3
  5560. They were around, finishing the season 65 and 65, a lackluster seventh place.
    3
  5561. I disagree, as the Lakota won the battle, their name for the battle is proper.
    3
  5562. My son collects (and authored the script for this episode.) The pictures of the steel pennies are from his collection.
    3
  5563. marbleman52 LOL yes I got the joke. Apparently I am not good at telling jokes either. :)
    3
  5564. Astrodiver 1 it is for 100k subscribers
    3
  5565. Probably sometime, yes. We do love submarine stories.
    3
  5566. It is billed as a “Viking sword.” Rather larger than a gladius.
    3
  5567. isaac daily simply put, nobody is going to pay to sponsor an episode with the sponsorship at the end.
    3
  5568. Not at all, But one of the qualifiers is "in the United States."
    3
  5569.  @pavelow235  history is a story- surely more than a chronicle of events. But I firmly believe that the role of the historian is to tell what happened so that others can make informed choices, not to tell people what to think. I strive to tell the story and keep my opinions out of it.
    3
  5570. Bible History Science Spruance was certainly more cautious.
    3
  5571. Ghrey There are actually a lot of various mineral finds that I want to cover, and the Cobalt find was certainly significant to Ontario. I am sure that I will get to it eventually.
    3
  5572. https://youtu.be/EMYQi0dCvRw
    3
  5573. I’m your huckleberry…
    3
  5574. I think his suggestion is that they were prepared to detonate the torpedo to prevent capture.
    3
  5575. Although they didn’t face the same chaos in those cycles, the Republican primary system was similarly unregulated. The RNC adopted many standards similar to those recommended by the McGovern commission.
    3
  5576. He is actually a tabby- Pookie.
    3
  5577. cpmenninga the fundamental right to criticize institutions of power is the very heart of the protection. No, it is not comparable to shouting fire when no fire exists. Virtually every executive has an adversarial relationship with the press, many far worse than the current executive (look at actions by Wilson.) In fact, the consequence of not holding the press to scrutiny can be extreme- with the classic example being the war with Spain. Respectfully, I disagree with the assertion that a politician questioning the power and motives of the press amounts to press restriction. Such an attitude smacks of censorship, and sets a dangerous precedent. The defense of the press is in truth, and truth need not fear criticism. It is right and proper that editors and publications, as well as individuals, can criticize the executive. It is just as right and proper that the executive, as well as individuals can criticize the press. It is those places where the two do not criticize each-other that concern me. I dearly wish that this nation avoid that trap. Lovejoy did not die for the cause of not allowing others to criticize his positions, he died for the cause of not letting anyone dictate what we are allowed to discuss, and criticize.
    3
  5578. Thank you!
    3
  5579. Chris_0803 they were German, so it would be the wound badge.
    3
  5580. https://youtu.be/AbXolvI70e8
    3
  5581. Bedloe Island was used for the execution of pirates because piracy, as it occurs outside state jurisdictions, was a federal offense, and Bedloe Island the location of Fort Wood was federal property. Bedloe island was not used exclusively- the pirate Charles Gibbs was hanged at Fort Gibson on nearby Ellis Island in 1831.
    3
  5582. The bomb expert who helped recover the bombs opined that the bombs were very close to detonation. Experts since, though, have cast doubt on that assessment. Still, I am glad your home was not nuked by the Air Force.
    3
  5583. Yes, it is the same organization that is now the Atlanta Braves.
    3
  5584. I am not clear on your meaning
    3
  5585. I use software to clean up highly pixelated images.
    3
  5586. There were few survivors, but some. Most were awarded medals after they were identified.
    3
  5587. Of course he does. We can't forget history's villains any more than its heroes.
    3
  5588. Same to you!
    3
  5589. There is also German and Polish folklore involving headless riders.
    3
  5590. That story has been challenged recently.
    3
  5591. It is literally as simple as the fact that the plane is black. The plane is painted black in order to make it harder to see at night and help it to bleed heat.
    3
  5592. Yes- they are even more opaque- I can't even imagine all that has happened.
    3
  5593. Lol- around 1500. Have fun! Welcome aboard!
    3
  5594. Once two engines were lost the speed was significantly reduced and the plane could not maintain cruising altitude. So five hours of flight time was not nearly the same distance- not enough to reach San Francisco.
    3
  5595. !!!!! I don't control that, but it sure seems wrong. We are getting lots of error messages from YT today- hopefully that is something they are working to correct.
    3
  5596. That is not at all true. The sarsen stones always aligned with the solstices, which continue to occur with regularity and don't care about human calendars. The restorations in 1881 and 1900 righted toppling stones and set them in concrete to stop deterioration. The restoration in 1958 restored stones that had fallen in the modern era, whose original locations were well documented. The clear alignment with the solstice was demonstrated by Stukeley's work in 1720. The stones were never "rebuilt to bring it into line with the modern solar system."
    3
  5597. Actually... her intended betrothed died before she got there. She ended up marrying his son.
    3
  5598. No, you aren't crazy. I wear six different pair in the episode.
    3
  5599. Happy Birthday!
    3
  5600. That is the period of the mint- from a colony to an independent state.
    3
  5601. It was not deliberate. However, these ships were sunk with the idea of them being raised later.
    3
  5602. It is, admittedly, a difficult topic to take on. But we may well do an episode, yes.
    3
  5603. He did know that it was his old ship, yes. He was asked after the war and said that he felt no particular nostalgia being ordered to sink his former vessel. He said "it was just something that had to be done."
    3
  5604. We are happy to take suggestions, but can't do requests. I cannot guarantee when we will cover a potential subject. We have a huge list of potential topics, and plan to make many- we hope thousands, of episodes on channel.
    3
  5605. Turkey ins generally considered to be kosher, so I guess the per capita consumption in Israel isn't a big surprise.
    3
  5606. Daffy Taffy this was, obviously, not a comprehensive history of Irish immigrants in America.
    3
  5607. John Owen yup- talked about that here: https://youtu.be/jDcog2ZP684
    3
  5608. The current issues, if I understand correctly, are more related to the state of the steel industry rather than the flood.
    3
  5609. We haven't quite figured out how often she might host, but I will certainly keep making episodes. We are doing a fast pace at three episodes a week, so there should be plenty of room for both of us.
    3
  5610. I have cut the intro down below eight seconds. I understand that it is repetitive if you are watching several in a row, but I don't want to take it out entirely because many viewers are watching the channel for the first time.
    3
  5611. Well, they reconciled when he returned to New York. They remained married until his death, and the relationship was said to be affectionate.
    3
  5612. LOL- no- V'Ger is in Star Trek the Motion Picture. That probe is supposedly the (fictional) Voyager 6. Star Trek V: The Undiscovered Country starts with the Klingon Klaa targeting a piece of space junk that is actually Pioneer 10. That is what I thought you meant with your comment. There was also an episode of the the original series where they encounter another old earth probe, that one called "Nomad."
    3
  5613. Thank you!
    3
  5614. It is an inflatable version of an 88mm anti-tank round from the gift shop at The Tank Museum.
    3
  5615. Oops, you are correct, I said 455th bombardment group when it should be 445th.
    3
  5616. There is a reason that people say that “military intelligence” is an oxymoron.
    3
  5617. I grew up in Southwestern South Dakota, not far from the Wyoming border.
    3
  5618. They were, arguably, the first to manage controlled flight.
    3
  5619. Let me finish these first.
    3
  5620. Sorry, you have to win the war to earn the right to spin the result. ;)
    3
  5621. There was a WWI Flower class. They were sloops, many used as Q-ships. 134 vessels of the class were built between 1915 and 1919.
    3
  5622. They were essentially limited to ocean routes so that the sonic boom would be over water.
    3
  5623. Yes, both Fort Point and Fort Alcatraz were Third System forts.
    3
  5624. There was also a concern that then the ship wouldn’t be seaworthy if it was released, as well as concerns about possible injury if crew were still on board. The discussion is in the NSC meeting transcript.
    3
  5625. Wow! Thank you!
    3
  5626. They did, but those medals were revoked by the Medal of Honor review board in 1917. Tom Custer's actions were typical of the award at the time. Capturing an enemy standard almost always warranted a Medal of Honor.
    3
  5627. Crud- i did. she was bornn in 1906.
    3
  5628. Submarines were new, and there was a great deal of discussion about them at the time.
    3
  5629. The Gryazev-Shipunov GSh-6-30. I hope to do an episode, although old Soviet secrecy makes research difficult.
    3
  5630. https://youtu.be/C4wi7ebOIWs
    3
  5631. All fair comments. My guiding rule is to make content that I would like to watch. But production has been a learning process, and I admit that it can still improve.
    3
  5632. Yes, California availability was different than much of the rest of the nation. Still, they were ot always available year round as they are today.
    3
  5633. https://youtu.be/Om7YKQelbGs
    3
  5634. The City Museum is truly unique. And an aquarium is opening soon.
    3
  5635. We always walk the line when doing short history.
    3
  5636. The initial gas rationing was driven by a shortage of tanker space. But yes, one incentive to reduce driving was to save on tires.
    3
  5637.  @buckoff006  that is a fair point, as the Dominion was a federation rather than a confederation. In fact, many descriptions use the odd phrasing that the Confederation was a joining of provinces into a federation. I think, in this sense, confederation is seem more as the act of unifying rather than a description of the form of government.
    3
  5638. So did I! I played on the old interface- it is an adjustment to get used to the new one.
    3
  5639. LOL
    3
  5640. They were using this: https://youtu.be/sv7bhfVRzLY
    3
  5641. Gruesome...
    3
  5642. LOL
    3
  5643. Usually, yes. But they did fallow some strict principles- like choosing systems that had already been tested, that made all three possible.
    3
  5644. Policygenius isn’t a life insurance company. It is a broker that allows you to compare plans and options.
    3
  5645. Thanks for bringing my attention to it!
    3
  5646. Thank you for your service! What you are describing is improvised armor, and it was used quite a lot in the Second World War. We might well do an episode on those sandbagged and concrete covered Shermans.
    3
  5647. It is on our list. Herding Caribou to feed whalers...
    3
  5648. Snap-tight model that takes like ten minutes to build. Great one for beginners.
    3
  5649. Unfortunately, no one was taking pictures at the time...
    3
  5650. I'd be interested to see how you did that calculation. An inflation adjustment by the Bank of England online tool shows their £6 monthly salary in 1912 adjusts to £567.31 per month, roughly $8,509 a year, in 2024. Your number of 195,000.00 is off by around $186,490.35.
    3
  5651. Actually the age was derived from the usual age that paranoia manifests plus 15 years.
    3
  5652. Sorry, can't help you with that.
    3
  5653. It is less than two minutes and comes after an introduction to the topic. I put many hours of effort into each episode, and asking you to pay attention to a sponsor for a couple of minutes a couple of times a month isn’t some great demand. I appreciate my sponsors.
    3
  5654. Aaargh!
    3
  5655. Happy birthday!
    3
  5656. You can't understand Chrome Dome and Palomares without understanding in-flight refueling.
    3
  5657.  @michaelshadrick2038  who was a war criminal?
    3
  5658. That was a newspaper report from the time about the first day of the campaign in Shanghai.
    3
  5659. This is a podcast. Videos are uploaded Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, podcasts are every other Tuesday.
    3
  5660. Agreed- we talked bout including him in this episode, but it was too far afield. We may do an episode on him later.
    3
  5661. Neil Dahlgaard-Sigsworth please be civil all. Years are astronomical events. Centuries, on the other hand, are made-up human constructs. We could have picked any random year as year one, and year 100 is, therefore, just as random. In fact, it is even more random because we could count base eight or base twelve. As centuries are made up, the point of counting is random, and the dateline (and even, for practical purposes the equator) is as real as Sasquatch, exactitude is a fairy tale. All that counts here is where and when the people on the boat thought they were. This story is not about whether 100 or 101 starts the century. In fact, the whole argument proves that that is an obtuse question. It is about the crazy kinks that come from these fabricated human conventions that we have created.
    3
  5662. He was commissioned an Ensign when he graduated the Academy in 1936, and Lieutenant when he entered the reserves in 1941. I am having difficulty finding whether he was initially commissioned a LT or LTJG, but was a LT at the time of the battle. He eventually achieved the rank of Commander.
    3
  5663. Americans also sometimes used inches, just to confuse everyone. The British used the possibly even more confusing "pounder" referring to the weight of the projectile. The US "3 inch Gun M5," the British "Ordnance Quick-Firing 17-pounder " and the Soviet "76 mm tank gun M1941 ZiS-5" all had a caliber of 76.2 mm, although not interchangeable ammunition.
    3
  5664. Today they use the British pound.
    3
  5665. I think I will likely do an episode on the nullification crisis.
    3
  5666. There is, at least, some disagreement over how mounted infantry differs from cavalry, of course cavalry units have always also fought dismounted, and mounted infantry have occasionally fought mounted. But cavalry traditionally plays specific roles- reconnaissance, flanking maneuvers, shock troops, whereas mounted infantry are generally used for the purpose of quickly moving infantry into position.
    3
  5667. Moreover, the vehicles will be built to metric standards.
    3
  5668. The event is literally called the "Mutiny on the Matoika." That is what it is commonly called.
    3
  5669. Around fifty
    3
  5670. Yeah, you actually just managed to insult me. Make your own channel.
    3
  5671. I don't control the ads. But they do pay for my work.
    3
  5672. The keel was described as "cracked," and there was significant hull warping.
    3
  5673. Comically, recently someone was upset that I used B.C.E. instead of B.C. In fact, both abbreviations are used in academic literature, and everyone needs to become less sensitive about such things. They have specific academic meaning and nothing else is implied.
    3
  5674. That could probably be its own episode, but the general idea is that air power was so important during the war that by the end of the war the Air Force had essentially emerged as a virtually third independent service. That de facto status was formalized with the national security Act of 1947, whose purpose was to restructure the military and intelligence services based on how their roles had transformed over time.
    3
  5675. Well, the original history cat- Penny- passed away in December. But we have three more- Lucky, Pookie and Demi, and all are doing fine.
    3
  5676. https://www.historicalemporium.com/store/001220.php
    3
  5677. I could not find a good description of the scientific findings- understandably the reports in the incident tend to focus on the nuclear war part. But it was part of a long process working with NASA that has used several sounding rockets. The NASA description is here: https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2018/sounding-rocket-mission-will-trace-auroral-winds
    3
  5678. Thank you for your service.
    3
  5679. I do not control the ads- those come from Google. But, if I understand correctly, we get credit if you make it 45 seconds.
    3
  5680. Buona Fortuna the argument is that it isn’t a contest- a medal is awarded, not “won.” It is relatively recently that people started taking exception to the term, but I understand the sentiment and don’t wish to turn viewers off.
    3
  5681. LOL
    3
  5682. Don't forget the Doctor's riot and the 1977 blackout. We could do a whole channel on NYC riots.
    3
  5683. I know! Frosting everywhere!
    3
  5684.  @Pygar2  it is a type of bicorn, but is often called a “fore and aft” or a “cocked” hat.
    3
  5685. I have been overseas. Americans aren't the only ones who misbehave.
    3
  5686. And related as well, as Tito was a primary supplier of the Greek communists, and that was one of the drivers of the Tito-Stalin split. But that is a topic for another episode.
    3
  5687. https://youtu.be/H2bOvw7IIRQ
    3
  5688. Bat is an archaic term for a pack saddle. The Batman took care of the officer's pack and mount. In WWII they had typical duties of an ADC.
    3
  5689. I do, yes.
    3
  5690. It is. That is the same house, only decades later.
    3
  5691. I suspect that you are referring to Carlos Marcello. Marcello was of a different era, becoming the New Orleans boss in 1947, more than a decade after the repeal of prohibition. Marcello is probably best known because some have speculated that he may have been tied to the Assassination of John Kennedy.
    3
  5692. No, I don't think he was. He noted the historical difference between "armed" and "unarmed" prophets: "If Moses, Cyrus, Theseus, and Romulus had been unarmed they could not have enforced their constitutions for long—as happened in our time to Fra Girolamo Savonarola, who was ruined with his new order of things immediately the multitude believed in him no longer, and he had no means of keeping steadfast those who believed or of making the unbelievers to believe."
    3
  5693. Dadion Lester those certainly were bizarre circumstances. I generally feel that it is a bit mainstream for forgotten history, but I may well do an episode on it one day.
    3
  5694. I like the term.
    3
  5695. My personal thinking there is that exactitude of position is not so important when you are crossing imaginary lines that demarcate fabricated concepts.
    3
  5696. https://youtu.be/Ccn1vl--7ck
    3
  5697. Regardless of whether you are are sure, geographers are. Nevada has the most named ranges, more than 300, than any other state.
    3
  5698. In theory the whole group was sent to Sierra Leone, even a sub group who had asked to say. In at least some appear to have stayed behind and have some decedents in Canada. there are many more descendants of the Black loyalists, most of whom chose to remain rather than relocate to Sierra Leone.
    3
  5699. Worse, Tweed would simply use his position to appoint the ballot counters and they would write in whatever numbers he chose.
    3
  5700. Lassi Kinnunen yes, it is a mystery where none of the puzzle pieces seem to quite fit.
    3
  5701. Awesome!
    3
  5702. I have not found such a calculation. Calculations of war financial costs tend to talk about military spending.
    3
  5703. The occasional US invasions might have dampened the relationship at times. All in the past…
    3
  5704. Thanks! His name is Pocky.
    3
  5705. rick pitts remembering the history of war is how we understand its cost. You are correct, that is why we respect and honor our veterans.
    3
  5706. rick pitts remembering the history of war is how we understand its cost. You are correct, that is why we respect and honor our veterans.
    3
  5707. That is total deaths on US military service.
    3
  5708. The Anglo-Dutch wars are an underappreciated bit of history. Great topic! Thanks!
    3
  5709. Later Peary tore down the building and used to wood to build new quarters that utilized native methods like insulating by piling snow.
    3
  5710. Colonel K I have seen the argument that deaths in the Taiping rebellion exceeded deaths in the first world war, but not the second. You are correct that counts are unreliable, but you’d have to skew pretty hard to make that comparison. Certainly the Taiping rebellion was terrible, and relatively unknown in the west.
    3
  5711. He was rapt with attention.
    3
  5712. Also caused by ammonium nitrate.
    3
  5713. LOL
    3
  5714. Neither Pioneer 10 nor 11 are still signaling, no.
    3
  5715. Yes, the cub in the film is in the pacific.
    3
  5716.  @tierneylogan5943  Mystery of the Missing Congressmen https://youtu.be/bcXFgy322JY
    3
  5717. LOL yes- Frank Newcomb commanded the USRC Hudson, and the US Winslow crewman whose account was published in the Boston Globe was named John Madden.
    3
  5718. More like 110 marines per sub. But the "V-boats" were built to be long range boats and were larger than most US subs. The Nautilus and Argonaut had about 1500 tons greater underwater displacement, and were thirty feet longer and five feet greater at the beam than a Gato-class boat.
    3
  5719. It is an RCMP hat- sent by a viewer. Immediately above is a shako from the Virginia Military Institute.
    3
  5720. This is a description of Joseph Bonaparte's purported encounter with a Jersey Devil: http://americanfolklore.net/folklore/2010/07/joseph_bonaparte_and_the_jerse.html
    3
  5721. NYC got the nickname "Gotham" from Washington Irving, after a village in England that was, by legend, entirely populated by fools.
    3
  5722. The TWA hijacking happened in June, 1985, the Achille Lauro hijacking and Sigonella Crisis happened in October 1985.
    3
  5723. Yes, I have done a few, plan to do others, and might do a from the vaults compilation of those stories sometime as we did here. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TA6L74LCsC4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CZPjecMH0-A
    3
  5724. The Podcasts are being produced in addition to, not instead of, our regular YouTube format. We started producing the podcasts based on requests from YouTube viewers. Podcasts are released every two weeks and then posted here on YouTube approximately a month after release. While the podcasts will largely include scripts that we have produced in video format with additional commentary, we will also be including some original scripts unique to the podcast. Rest assured, we plan to continue producing videos on YouTube on our regular Monday/Wednesday/Friday schedule.
    3
  5725. The birds would become confused after the dovecot was moved a few times, flying back to the old locations. Young birds were needed to replace them. Essentially, most of the pigeons had relatively short careers, and then would move to the breeding program.
    3
  5726. It actually worked out the opposite, as shorter soldiers in the British Army in the great war had a slightly higher mortality rate. The reason suggested is that they were not as adept at ducking.
    3
  5727. LOL this isn't actually a quiz show... The border was just recently redrawn by agreement of both states effective Jan of 2017 Right? I believe the original issue had to do with how the border was drawn in the 1700s, using landmarks such as trees and rocks that had moved or disappeared over time.
    3
  5728. I’ll let him know that he is appreciated. Sadly, he lost interest before I could tape the conclusion.
    3
  5729. Yup. White English nobleman better in the jungle than the people who live there. There is definitely a jingoism to the idea.
    3
  5730. Not at all- although just with a brief mention at the end. There are many more stories to tell, and, of course, no way to tell them all in fifteen minutes. I meant no denigration of the New Zealanders, nor, for that matter, the Canadians, South Africans, Poles, and others, who served nobly in the battle, by focusing this episode on a few Australians.
    3
  5731. LOL I did not say. It was only about $1000.00
    3
  5732. That is Pocky. He only wanted to be held for about a minute…
    3
  5733. Terrible disaster.
    3
  5734. I wanted to- it was just too large a list to scroll reasonably
    3
  5735. Lol
    3
  5736. Robert Dawson correct- the Nevada’s spotter pilots (along with pilots from the USS Texas, Arkansas, Augusta, Tuscaloosa and Quincy) were temporarily assigned to observation squadron 7 and flew Spitfire Mark Vs.
    3
  5737. If we did not readmit the Confederate states, then they would have actually gotten their way in the end. I don't believe that this episode "glorifies" the Confederacy. It is history. Nor do I believe in editing history to serve an agenda.
    3
  5738. Only on Sunday. The limit was what sports could be played on the Christian sabbath.
    3
  5739. The burning man festivals have relatively modern origins, and don't seem to mention this event in their history.
    3
  5740. Didivs Ivlianvs The NASA description is “This unique tilt causes the most extreme seasons in the solar system. For nearly a quarter of each Uranian year, the sun shines directly over each pole, plunging the other half of the planet into a 21 year long dark winter.” I believe that my description in the episode is consistent with that provided by NASA.
    3
  5741. A true test of can a ship be too big?
    3
  5742. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0179797/
    3
  5743. I am doing a series for patrons on Patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    3
  5744. James Hoffman That is an interesting way to parse it. As he was still alive when he was inaugurated, I think that only sitting governor assassinated (actually, sitting state governor- a sitting territorial governor was killed) is correct. But he was shot before being inaugurated, so I can see the claim he was assassinated before being seated. It is an interesting question whether the act of “assassination” counts at the point of the act, or the point the act causes death.
    3
  5745. The Fisher brothers of Fisher Body were unrelated to Carl G Fisher
    3
  5746. I have not-I keep intending to do one on U505. I saw King Tut at the Field Museum in 1977...
    3
  5747. Larry Lawson Russell William Read. He worked for General Motors.
    3
  5748. I don't know if the German merchant raiders such as SMS Seeadler and Wolf were inspired by the Q-ships, as they were generally contemporaneous. While they were similar, being warships disguised as merchant vessels, their purposes were actually the exact opposite of each other. Q-ships were a defense against commerce raiding, merchant raiders were a form of commerce raiding.
    3
  5749. I agree- I can't figure out what is going on with the tie in that photo. The original is here: https://mohistory.org/collections/item/N12940
    3
  5750. Chinese Chicken I am not an expert on value- there is just too much involved.
    3
  5751. kman 4443 Most compellingly, we did not standardize Thanksgiving to be on a Thursday until 1863. Previous to that it was generally celebrated on November 26, which could occur any day of the week. So the term “Black Friday” referring to the day after Thanksgiving would have made no sense.
    3
  5752. Lol. Canada didn’t exist in 1775. This is almost a century before confederation. As Newfoundland is today part of Canada, the history of Newfoundland is Canadian history. I certainly never presented Newfoundland as being part of (the not yet existing) Canada at the time.
    3
  5753. Happy Thanksgiving!
    3
  5754. Actually I talk about the City's economic woes, resulting in a reduction in pubic services, increased dissatisfaction with the city government and a significant reduction in the police force. The reduced police force also coincided with a rise in street gangs. I think that you misrepresent Dubner and Levitt, who do not posit that there is no connection between economics and crime, but that the connection is weak. The causes and drivers of crime are complex and multi-faceted. But, obviously, heat did not cause a 40% increase in violent crimes over a five year period. It is certainly likely that economic conditions were a part of the explanation for rising crime rates in the 1970s. The connection between economic conditions is, however, well established in the scientific literature, and should not be discounted simply because many other factors are involved. http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/frontpage/2012/February/economic-crises-can-trigger-rise-in-crime.html
    3
  5755. Bladensburg is sometimes referred to as "the greatest disgrace under American Arms." But the casualties were actually light, and nowhere near the casualty rate of the Battle of the Wabash.
    3
  5756. Thank you!
    3
  5757. No change in hardware.
    3
  5758. All that has been holding me up is freeing the time to go visit and take pictures.
    3
  5759. Most of the cannons were salvaged
    3
  5760. Or to supply them once there.
    3
  5761. I believe those experiments failed because the fire of the gun caused too much vibration.
    3
  5762. I don’t think so. That is not in the photo description.
    3
  5763. We post Monday, Wednesday and Friday. We have a playlist for December 7: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGibUtzcMLD-RhxCcE5xURFq
    3
  5764. Javier 86 Welcome! Absolutely I appreciate suggestions, and if I use a topic you suggest I’ll give you a shout out in the introduction.
    3
  5765. when the alternative was opium...
    3
  5766. I have not done an episode, no, although i may in the future. But I did know the etymology of the term, it is one of those useless tidbits of information with which I annoy my wife.
    3
  5767. That is literally the first thing I discuss after the introduction. Yes, I conflate them. as most Americans do, as the traditions were derived from similar history.
    3
  5768.  Michael  That is the argument about where we stand today, and I can certainly see that being a contentious discussion. But we can never understand the present without understanding the past. Part of what I appreciate about history is that we can gain a much better perspective on what seem to be the earth-shattering events of the day when we understand what we've been through.
    3
  5769. Sadly, the pictures are not in the Public Domain. But I did mention the burning river in this episode: https://youtu.be/nx_zzHjqFRk
    3
  5770. I'll look it up.
    3
  5771. Dr. Rich the standard gauge is similar to the apparent axle width of Roman roads. It is not, clear, however, whether the gauge was based on a Roman road or if that is merely a coincide that the width is convenient for both purposes. As there were numerous early gauges, and it seems coincidence that the four foot eight and one half inch gauge became dominant, it is a stretch to say that the Roman roads determined the standard gauge.
    3
  5772. There was an appeal to "the oppressed people of Canada" to join the revolution. It was, admittedly, unlikely- the Congress had literally authorized an invasion of Canada at the time. Frankly, French Canadians who may have opposed the British trusted the Americans even less. But it is interesting to speculate how different history might have been had, say, Quebec, chosen to join the patriot cause and send delegates to the Continental Congress.
    3
  5773. There is the Sunday cavalry parade.
    3
  5774. Bakelite came after celluloid. It is uses a synthetic polymer.
    3
  5775. Charleton Zimmerman thank you for your service.
    3
  5776. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGgRsqQIj5zp9L1QtfXKx5Nz
    3
  5777. Well, since that time we've changed the size of a bottle of whiskey.
    3
  5778. Yup. it is surprisingly difficult to find a public domain picture of a Detroit assembly line.
    3
  5779. In New Orleans it is pronounced “charters.” https://youtu.be/QpQFWJLdw2o
    3
  5780. It is certainly natural history. But, to the subject of the video, the discovery of both the fossils and the living creatures, as well as the various scientific and social impacts all occur within the historical record.
    3
  5781. When Buick meets Ford...
    3
  5782. There are a number of bedrock knobs in the harbor. Arch Rock and Shag Rock were reduced to 30 feet below MLLW through surface blasting around 1900. Williamson's initial order also included Rincon Rock. Rincon Rock was actually a cape at the point of Yerba Buena cove. The rock was not removed. Instead the cove was filled in, and is now where the Oakland Bay Bridge terminates.
    3
  5783. Yes, they are two different incidents.
    3
  5784. YouGov isn’t a government site.
    3
  5785. They paid to sponsor the video, why would I make it easy to skip their plug? Respectfully, this content takes time and effort, why is a minute and a half of your time so much to ask in exchange for that?
    3
  5786. They did- GM did as well.
    3
  5787. Hopefully Tinkerbell's owner can answer. but, if you want to know your dog's breed, that is what Embark does.
    3
  5788. Right?
    3
  5789. An assessment that might be unfair.
    3
  5790. Fair point. My mistake.
    3
  5791. She will be in restoration work for some time.
    3
  5792. Total coincidence- The Movie had already begun production. But the timing sure worked well for the movie.
    3
  5793. I am merely repeating what was in the patrol report.
    3
  5794. Tim McClain again, I have no idea why people get so bent over a word. In the cases you list the people were generally combatants- a resistance movement fighting an occupier would certainly count as a combatant. But, if resistance fighters conduct acts of sabotage those might be seen as terrorism, and are often described as such by those targeted.
    3
  5795. Wilfred Darr the explain what great point lies in the distinction between sabotage and terrorism. No one so far has made it clear why the distinction rankles so. The US was not at war, nor did the Germans want for us to be at war. This was not an act of war in the eyes of either country. Its goal certainly seems to have been to intimidate the US into changing our policy regarding munitions. That seems to fairly be called terrorism. You can, of course, disagree, and I respect that. But the distinction does not seem to be particularly significant in terms of cause or effect.
    3
  5796. Mac Mcleod a bit of research will show you that there is not a single accepted definition. As I mentioned earlier in the string, it meets the US State Department definition. It also meets all elements of the term as it is customarily used by the United Nations. It has very commonly been used by multiple sources to refer to the Black Tom explosion. I am happy to agree to disagree. https://www.unodc.org/e4j/en/terrorism/module-4/key-issues/defining-terrorism.html
    3
  5797. The purpose of the act was absolutely to intimidate the US into changing it's policy. These acts literally stemmed from the embassy- a political office- which was spinning newspaper coverage of the events for political gain. All of that is in the episode. Even by your definition, this is clearly terrorism.
    3
  5798. Wilfred Darr The policy goal was to turn the public against the practice of making munitions by making the practice appear unsafe. The goal was always to change policy. Try common sense. This was a barge with hundreds of tonnes of high explosive, next to an island with millions of tons of munitions, a half mile from a major population center. Of course that was more than just destroying military equipment. Of course that was a statement, of course the statement was to intimidate. Of course the violence was directed at the massive civilian population that was in close proximity to an explosion that imbedded debris in buildings two miles away and broke tens of thousands of windows. It is almost willfully obtuse to assert that this was about another barge of explosives to Russia.
    3
  5799. But the Richard Montgomery has more than fourteen times the high explosives on board than the Kielce did. The experience with the Kielce demonstrates that a significant amount of high explosives can detonate at once. I agree that the issue is political, and there are multiple assessments of risk.
    3
  5800. https://youtu.be/mP53O9_V9sY
    3
  5801. It is an enjoyable film. its depiction of the draft riots is not particularly accurate. It certainly implies a far higher number of fatalities than is generally accepted, and implies that the bulk of the fatalities were inflicted by the federal troops, while in fact the vast majority were caused by the mob. Despite the climatic scene of the movie, The Bowery Boys were not involved in the riots, and Five Points was actually relatively quiet. The navy never fired on the city, although some sailors were part of the federal force used to quell the riots. One interesting question was the participation of the volunteer fire departments in the riots. The movie portrays them centrally, essentially leading the attack. That is apparently based on a history written some twenty years after the event, which suggested that the fire departments were upset, as they were immune for militia conscription, but not federal conscription. But most historians disagree, as there is ample record of the volunteer departments trying to fight the fires in the midst of the rioting. Again, it is a fine movie, but not an accurate portrayal of the events of the draft riots.
    3
  5802. That was a dynamic that would continue to play through the eighteenth century.
    3
  5803. Colorado has a Table Mesa.
    3
  5804. Yes, I think there will be one or more episodes on the pacific war eventually.
    3
  5805. That never came out in trial.
    3
  5806. Garfield Smith even then he would not quite have made it.
    3
  5807. There were many claimants to the title.
    3
  5808. AD 410
    3
  5809. Yes, vests and double-breasted suits went out of fashion.
    3
  5810. Highway Wildflowers
    3
  5811. The leader yelled charge! The troop attacked mounted at speed using shock tactics. It might not be as large in scope as many historical battles, but it was definitely a cavalry charge.
    3
  5812.  @goodun2974  I play regularly on KFRM, and, with a few exceptions, you have to be in the middle of Kansas to find me on the radio.
    3
  5813. We thought (correctly) that a lot of channels would be posting on the centenary of the Tulsa race massacre. We are never attempting to be political in our choice of topic, and aim for forgotten history. If you are thinking why or why not on any given topic, you are probably overthinking it.
    3
  5814. lanswyfte someone donated it to the local library, and I bought it at the book sale.
    3
  5815. Or the bird...
    3
  5816. While a colony of New South Wales was established in 1788, it certainly wasn't a nation, nor was it "Australia." You are stretching the point trying to pretend nationhood before the federation of the commonwealth and the Constitution. Most certainly that is poor reason to accuse me of "inaccuracy." This is the Parliament of Australia supporting my claim: https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/House_of_Representatives/About_the_House_News/News/Parliament_Explained_Federation#:~:text=Australia%20became%20a%20nation%20on,process%20is%20known%20as%20Federation.
    3
  5817. The problem was that the airport did not officially open until sunrise.
    3
  5818. I have not yet done an episode on the sinking of the Wilhelm Gustav. I don't know, however, how it would be called a US disaster.
    3
  5819. Edward Leffler you had great things to do with those two minutes? I would prefer not to need sponsorship. But mortgages do not pay themselves.
    3
  5820. This is the first episode focusing on Daniel Sickles. There may be more in the future.
    3
  5821. Uh-dolf.
    3
  5822. What is wrong with channel memberships?
    3
  5823. I use Viddyoze.
    3
  5824. Those are actually a new cultivar developed in 1972. They got the name because they were developed in a breeding program at Penn State. They are largely regional, but may be available late fall.
    3
  5825. Yes, the Wilhelm Gustloff is on the topics list.
    3
  5826. I haven't decided how I will eventually fit all the topics together. Right now my thinking is to do an episode on the INA that would include the naval uprising.
    3
  5827. We literally breed new varieties of chili peppers all the time, and yet you still argue that God's creation is immutable? I do apologize, I respect your faith. But I disagree, and I can't operate my channel from your dogma.
    3
  5828. When we enable midroll ads, we limit to allowed per episode. It is a living, but far from "rich."
    3
  5829. That is not how sponsorships work.
    3
  5830. That is a fair comment. I actually plan to do an episode on the time the US tried to shift to the metric system.
    3
  5831. Tom Black this was one of my first episodes, before I settled on the bow ties.
    3
  5832. I have three, all three have made appearances in episodes. Unfortunately, I often forget to turn them on a half hour ahead of filming in order for them to warm up.
    3
  5833. Popping in with some corny jokes…
    3
  5834. It is still called Armistice day in France.
    3
  5835. Part of the issue is that restaurants preferred young pigeons- called squab- which meant that the hunting often went on during roosting, and disturbed birds would abandon their nests. So they were just killing the birds, they were preventing then from producing more. Habitat destruction also played a large part. But part of the problem is that the birds had evolved to be successful via massive population. It is how they protected themselves from predators, found food and reared young. When the numbers declined, they had a population unable to cope. They were also unsuccessful in captivity, where successful reproduction was rare. Martha never produced offspring.
    3
  5836. We mention that Mark was likely written before 70 A.D. based on his apparent lack of knowledge of the Roman burning of the second temple. I don't know how you come to the mid 40s- most scholars seem to estimate c 60 A.D.
    3
  5837. "Apart from the sanitation, the medicine, education, wine, public order, irrigation, roads, a fresh water system, and public health, what have the Romans ever done for us?"
    3
  5838. Willy Stöwer - Sinking of the Linda Blanche out of Liverpool
    3
  5839. Frank Hieber the term is used for the poo of both seabirds and bats.
    3
  5840. I’ll tell him you said so.
    3
  5841. No- just watching it on TV.
    3
  5842. Khalid J there is more about the history of the Sikh empire here: https://youtu.be/7tZkSRNsI_g
    3
  5843. LOL
    3
  5844. I did not include the story of the three unidentified children, who are a true mystery. There is a school of thought that those were soldier's bodies so damaged by the heat that they may have appeared as children. It is tragic that no one ever reported missing children nor ever claimed the bodies.
    3
  5845. To be clear- we are not suggesting self-catheterization.
    3
  5846. I am so sorry to disappoint you. Both Dove and Caress are "beauty bars." That is, they are made from detergents, not soap. Bar soaps that are actually soap will use the name "soap."
    3
  5847. https://www.pmc.gov.au/honours-and-symbols/list-australian-honours/victoria-cross-australia#:~:text=Australians%20were%20eligible%20for%20the,Patent%20on%2015%20January%201991.
    3
  5848. The post 1991 awards shown at the AWM were the Victoria Cross for Australia.
    3
  5849. Wotjek
    3
  5850. https://youtu.be/CD8ddO3ACeA
    3
  5851.  @johndyson4109  Bennington was an Essex-class fleet carrier.
    3
  5852. There was more to it (and to the decision to exclude Free French forces in the invasion.) The issue was whether the local leadership recognized the Vichy government or the Free French as the legitimate body. One significant event that affected loyalties was the British destruction of the French fleet at Mers-El-Kébir in July, 1940. That will likely be an episode in the future.
    3
  5853. Sterling Crockett yeah, you heard right.
    3
  5854. Happy birthday!
    3
  5855. Possibly the 1974 made for TV movie "Hurricane," with Larry Hagman?
    3
  5856. https://youtu.be/CGvwTo26iog
    3
  5857. https://youtu.be/yLUEL-YbGcc
    3
  5858. Some argue that it may be more dangerous, as the degraded fuses on the cluster bombs may have actually become more unstable. Too, with time, there is a chance that the decay of the wreck might cause contents to shift, raising a risk of explosion.
    3
  5859. Thank you!
    3
  5860. Please contact me at thehistoryguyYT@gmail.com
    3
  5861. I am sure both will eventually be episodes.
    3
  5862. I'm not sure what you mean. Apologies if I missed the reference. No "Roy Blount" has been governor of Tennessee. Willie Blount, William Blount's half brother, served three terms as Governor between 1809 and 1815.
    3
  5863. Jose Oswaldo De Peralta quinine was often recommended by doctors in 1918, although generally acknowledged now to have been ineffective. The recommendation was likely because quinine was effective against malaria, whose symptoms include fever. In terms of today, some anti-malarial drugs showed early success in research against coronaviruses like MERS and SARS, and so have been a continued area of study.
    3
  5864. Treasure Pirate I have hundreds of topics.
    3
  5865. There were elements of the 2nd, 6th, 12th, 43rd, 73rd, 74th (Highland) and 91st regiments of Foot, the King's Royal Rifle Corps, as well as the Royal marines and the crew of the Birkenhead on board at the time of the sinking . A list of all the passengers, their regiments, and whether they survived is provided here: http://www.birkenhead.za.net/pass_list.htm
    3
  5866. I mention that in the episode. There are, apparently, original notes in his diaries that don't match his official records. It is possible that the Norge was the first actual trip over the North Pole.
    3
  5867. Meep Changeling I did not write the loan applications for Levittowns. No, I will not forget historical facts because of some artificial demand to ignore unpopular concepts.
    3
  5868.  @sampphil905  these are three episodes of The History Guy, not a comprehensive history of the Canadian military.
    3
  5869.  @shannonkohl68  much of the lost oil evaporated. But there is oily sand from which some oil could, presumably, be recovered.
    3
  5870. Correct- they were rather excited about the Steyr 220.
    3
  5871. Mr. Cactus it is. I will have an episode out on the USNSCC at some point.
    3
  5872. The title accurately represents the content.
    3
  5873. Agreed- the "Great Question" was not all that important in Europe, and certainly not the top thing on Clement VII's mind.
    3
  5874. Unknown Traveller most likely Britain also would have fallen as well. Certainly world history would be significantly different.
    3
  5875. Can't insanity inspire both?
    3
  5876. Woody Williams passed away on June 29.
    3
  5877. That does seem to be a distinct possibility.
    3
  5878. https://youtu.be/VzObHsRsOx0
    3
  5879. Maybe. What has held me back is that there are precious few photos in the Public Domain.
    3
  5880. The Korean War was bruising for both sides. Neither really wanted a do over.
    3
  5881. In the context of this episode, he authored and shepherded legislation that grew and modernized the fleet.
    3
  5882. He tried to convince the judge that he was insane, but the defense failed.
    3
  5883. It is the same Abner Doubleday, although baseball historians generally discount the claim that he created baseball.
    3
  5884. steve shoemaker NASA pc here: https://images.app.goo.gl/VKWnQKwnx2EmGe8K7
    3
  5885. Found it on the charred body of a guy in a red shirt.
    3
  5886. Different Ivar.
    3
  5887. Bosco Bob that is an excellent point and my mistake. The magnetic north pole differs from the geographic north pole and was first reached by Sir James Ross in 1831.
    3
  5888. The Infantry tank Mark I was, in fact, nicknamed "Matilda." The Mark II derived the nickname from the Mark I. No, sorry, I did not miss-label the vehicle.
    3
  5889. Happy new year!
    3
  5890. She was never very wealthy.
    3
  5891. From a rigid airship circa 1914.
    3
  5892. Agreed
    3
  5893. Close, but no. Alistair MacLean’s book was a work of fiction inspired by the allied attempt to capture the Dodecanese islands in the Aegean Sea in the fall of 1943.
    3
  5894. We have curated a number of playlists by both time and region.
    3
  5895. As of February they extended her stay on the reserve inactive fleet. There is till time.
    3
  5896. I am sorry that the significant effort we put into making these episodes is not worth one minute of your time to say a word about a sponsor that helps compensate us for our work. We do a dozen episodes a month, and limit sponsorships to two of those. If you don't prefer sponsored content, we have produced hours of history that you can watch without ads.
    3
  5897. Not a fair description.
    3
  5898. Pfft. The History Guy wouldn't wear a clip on tie. And thank you!
    3
  5899. The discovery of its function is relatively recent, and has to do with maintaining gut flora. While most cases of appendicitis still require surgery, the thinking has changed, and it is becoming more common to treat with antibiotics. The current direction of medical thinking seems to be heading towards the day when appendixes are rarely removed.
    3
  5900. Agreed- the episode was about combined arms at Hamel, although I used that as a springboard for a larger discussion of the Australian contribution to the Great War. But there is much more that can be said about both his service in the Great War and his post war contributions.
    3
  5901. That is actually a direct quotation. You can find the reasoning offered by historian Andrew Roberts here: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/we-better-off-napoleon-never-lost-waterloo-180955298/
    3
  5902. According to several TMNT fan sites the catchphrase came from a character called "Chief Thunderthud" on the children's' show "The Howdy Doody Show." It was apparently created for that show, and it doesn't appear to have been derived from Bunga Bunga. It was being used commonly by surfers before TMNT, and it is one of Michelangelo's characteristic pop culture references.
    3
  5903. Kamil Bryll we use the same mic for both. But this episode was originally made before we got the shotgun mic. There are some sound differences between the original audio and the new content.
    3
  5904. Jelmer media have been doing the exact same thing for a century. Have you never listened to radio or watched network television? Have you never looked at a newspaper? Why the pretense that advertising is unusual or untoward?
    3
  5905.  @Genius_at_Work  our like vs dislike ratio has always been around 99%. I always expect there will be some who find flaw in any given episode, but our numbers have never provided reason to worry.
    3
  5906. To be fair, they might have said that on the train too...
    3
  5907. LOL
    3
  5908. Foster Jackson I do not control rate for time. That is, I don’t speed up to fit more content, nor do I artificially control speech speed. The pace of the videos is the pace I normally speak. My pace is about 175 wpm, which is on the faster end of normal conversation, but still within a normal range.
    3
  5909. Great newsletter article on the P-38 development.
    3
  5910. I have not covered the Battle of the Java Sea yet, no.
    3
  5911. Yup. There is certainly irony in making fun of the French for their failed invasion when they were equipped with muskets and uniforms captured in the failed British invasion.
    3
  5912. Yes, that is what the term means.
    3
  5913. Yes, I will likely have an episode out in the future about Currie and the CEF. . Yes, I deliberately left out the AFC with the intention of covering their contributions in another episode.
    3
  5914. Someone else mentioned the RNLI. I may well do an episode on them.
    3
  5915. The cat's name is Pookie. The sponsor provided five pairs of glasses as part of the sponsorship, and, in addition, I included my regular frames and a cool pair of pince-nez from my collection.
    3
  5916. The stern of HMS Nubian was welded to the bow of HMS Zulu to create HMS Zubian.
    3
  5917. Well Espy was more looking to cause rain. But fair point either way.
    3
  5918. Possibly some day, but we have not yet.
    3
  5919.  @BigElCat  it was two congressmen, plus an aide. Did you not watch the video?
    3
  5920. Yeah! Everyone listen to Alec Hodgson!
    3
  5921. That is a fair point. I did not talk about the relationship between slavery and Barbecue.
    3
  5922. Correct, despite the saying, there is no legal basis for the rule.
    3
  5923. Tasmania and South America- two nesting grounds. It is still a mystery how individual birds decide which.
    3
  5924. James khwai Thanks! it is a decent quality reproduction.
    3
  5925. I specifically talked about the people killed in Oregon.
    3
  5926. The sponsor provided me with four pairs, and an additional one for Ms HG. In additional I wore my original pair, and a pair of antique pince-nez from my collection.
    3
  5927. panzerabwerkanone I know! They didn’t even have duct tape yet!
    3
  5928. LOL didn't even occur to me.
    3
  5929. Yup. There was a real discussion of the relative benefits of orphan trains vs orphanages. As odd as it sounds, both were clearly well-intended, but imperfect, solutions.
    3
  5930. Thank you for your service!
    3
  5931. robert hesseling I offered the recommendation from the US Centers for Disease Control. Obviously it is up to viewers whether to follow those recommendations.
    3
  5932. Correct, Yamato had eighteen inch guns.
    3
  5933. I did take our the story of the Boise as being a tad too off topic. But it is an interesting story.
    3
  5934. Lol- maybe a viewer can answer.
    3
  5935. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_mortar_battalion
    3
  5936. I don't see any evidence of killing men who were surrendering. The crew of the Buckley took 36 prisoners, it is clear that they did not just murder any men who had surrendered. In these battles it was not always obvious when the fight was over, but the Germans that boarded the Buckley were clearly still combatants and clearly still fighting.
    3
  5937. My teachers also presented the American Revolution from the American side. There is little discussion from the British point of view, but there is relatively more about the American loyalists. I have never seen any indication of any move to offer American representation in Parliament. To be fair, Parliament was hardly representative of English citizens at the time. The American complaint was, I think, laughable to Parliament. It is an interesting counterfactual to think on what would have happened had the Colonies remained in the Commonwealth like Canada or India. One particularly interesting question is how that would have impacted slavery in the US. But it is also interesting to wonder how that may have affected European politics and history. Ho Chi Minh is another interesting question. Certainly we do tend to make our own enemies. And the US certainly made diplomatic blunders in southeast Asia, notably the coup against Diem.
    3
  5938.  @anglend  I had to leave out several brands.
    3
  5939. The term "Britain" most often refers to the island of Great Britain, the island consisting of England, Scotland, and Wales, not the whole of the British isles nor all land and territory of the Kingdom of Great Britain. Likewise, the term "British soil" usually only refers to the island of Great Britain. (for example, research the discussion of "the last battle on British Soil.") That is the context here, as there were French landings in Ireland just the next year. I was careful to say it was the "So called last invasion of Britain," but I am using the common and most accepted definition of the word "Britain." https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/britain
    3
  5940. Quibbles over pronunciation have nothing to do with historical accuracy.
    3
  5941.  @DAndyLord  My world globe is from a map by Giovanni Maria Cassini in 1790. I have two based on NASA data and one based on Van Gough’s Starry Night.
    3
  5942. We did visit the mansion in person, yes.
    3
  5943. National History Day is June 21
    3
  5944. Thank you!
    3
  5945. That is an unanswered question. The drink was sold as a patent medicine. However, the drink never included processed cocaine, but the precursor ecgonine that was derived from coca leaves. The levels of cocaine were likely quite small.
    3
  5946. The Distinguished Flying Cross was awarded for the entirety of his service with the 1ACG.
    3
  5947. We might get back to Mr Sickles.
    3
  5948. Not just in the USA, but worldwide. Fire has always been a risk in cities, and fast growing cities are frequently both largely constructed of wood and grow faster than municipal services like fire brigades.
    3
  5949. 63. My error.
    3
  5950. The Eiffel tower is made of puddling iron. Be careful bandying about the term "ignorant." https://engineering.purdue.edu/MSE/aboutus/gotmaterials/Buildings/patel.html https://www.toureiffel.paris/en/the-monument/history
    3
  5951. They were once tools, but now most are built purely for decoration.
    3
  5952. It is a field of biology.
    3
  5953. My sister in law makes an awesome relish that is pretty much just fresh cranberries and an orange ground in a blender.
    3
  5954. Very little is known about him, and local stories about him conflict. But he is seen as a heroic figure of resistance in the Philippines .
    3
  5955. Yes, Doss was in the 307th regiment of the 77th infantry division, just like Eddie Grant.
    3
  5956. Clean living
    3
  5957. I have seen that conclusion questioned, and have seen primary sources that don’t seem to support the claim that cowboy was uniquely used to refer to Black cowherds. In Arizona it was certainly not the case, as “cowboy” meant a type pf outlaw and was simply not used to refer to cowhands. Too, in Texas, the term “Buckaroo,” derived from vaquero, was more commonly used, and appeared to be used to refer to cowherds regardless of whether they were Black, Mexican, or White. It is certainly true that the role of Black cowboys, no matter which term is used, has been hidden due to inaccurate representation in western film. I do plan to highlight some of those men in future episodes.
    3
  5958. https://www.thetiebar.com/?utm_campaign=BowtieLove&utm_medium=YouTube&utm_source=LanceGeiger
    3
  5959. More like, didn’t lose it. Status quo ante bellum
    3
  5960. They did get creative- there was both a Tempest and a Taciturn. My favorite was the “Tally-Ho.” I don’t suspect they were seeing the future at all with HMS Trump…
    3
  5961. My apologies. It seems to be working on my desktop, but not mobile. I don’t know what is up. I am hoping it will resolve soon.
    3
  5962. The sentiment in the US and St Louis was not uniquely anti-jesuit.
    3
  5963. It reported that the union had won.
    3
  5964. I had the topic on the list, and c hose to do it since it fit the sponsor. But, aside from things like listing the type of frames (generously provided by the sponsor,) we do not let sponsors control our content.
    3
  5965. michael howell It is interesting to speculate. I suspect that most of the territory would have wound up as part of the US anyway, either by revolt similar to Texas or by purchase like the Gadsden purchase.
    3
  5966. We actually left out some of the more disturbing parts of his confession...
    3
  5967. That is simply not true of the summer of 1919, where violence occurred throughout the country. The violence was not confined to a region or party. It is flatly incorrect to assert that “almost all those responsible for the riots and lynchings were Democrats.” There is no evidence to support that claim. In Chicago, where both police and prosecutors misbehaved, the Mayor was republican. In Omaha, the mayor who risked his own life to try to prevent a lynching was a Democrat. There is no evidence that the rioters in either riot were exclusive to a political party.
    3
  5968. 5000 tons assumes the explosion would have also ignited two other munition ships nearby as well as railcars on the docks.
    3
  5969.  @persistentwind  there were two- a fancy cork prosthetic is in the Illinois State Military Museum in Springfield, but the carriage also included a more humble wooden peg leg that, according to legend, was used as a bat in a baseball game by Abner Doubleday. That prosthetic is on display in the Oglesby Mansion in Decatur.
    3
  5970. @High speed Driver it was captured in the General’s carriage as he was fleeing, I think that “took” is a fair description.
    3
  5971. In terms of the butterfly effect, or what historians call "counterfactuals," had Braddock easily won as would have been expected, driving the french out of the Ohio valley, then might the American Revolution never have occurred? It was debt from the prolonged war that resulted in the taxes that drove the Revolution.
    3
  5972. David Blake thank you! We plan to make many more (we’ve uploaded 97 videos so far) But there may be a hiatus for a couple of weeks, as some critical pieces of studio equipment had to be returned to the manufacturer for repairs.
    3
  5973. Sadly, the photos from the Today Show episode aren't in the Public Domain.
    3
  5974. For a movie star, she is somewhat aged, but still beautiful.
    3
  5975. Well thank you!
    3
  5976. Thank you!
    3
  5977. Used to watch the Ron Ely show every Saturday
    3
  5978. The naming of naval ships depends upon the nation's traditions. In the US, the Secretary of the Navy approves the names of all new naval ships. While we have used conventions by class (battleships were named after states, cruisers after cities, destroyers after naval heroes) we have not always stuck to those conventions. The USRC Hudson was named after the Hudson river, as the boat was designed to work in New York Harbor. The USS Winslow was named after John Ancrum Winslow, who commanded the USS Kearsarge when it sunk CSS Alabama. The USS Machias was named after the town of Machias, Maine. The USS Wilmington was named after the town of Wilmington, Delaware.
    3
  5979. The biggest complaint was that the movie portrayed friction between the captain and first officer, and various dysfunctions of the crew, like alcohol use, that simply weren't there.
    3
  5980. Respectfully, it is not my job to discuss all potential complaints. This is not an advocacy channel, it is a history channel. While there is a case currently working through the courts regarding birthright citizenship, any American Samoan who wants US citizenship has access to an expeditated naturalization process. Further, not all American Samoans want birthright citizenship, seeing their unique status as a protection of their culture. The government of American Samoa- duly elected- argued against birthright citizenship in District Court last fall. https://www.courthousenews.com/us-asks-10th-circuit-to-preserve-non-citizen-status-for-american-samoa/#:~:text=American%20Samoa%20has%20been%20a,are%20American%20nationals%20%E2%80%94%20not%20citizens.
    3
  5981. Thank you!
    3
  5982. Field Marshal.
    3
  5983. Yeah, I have learned that Texans get peeved if you don’t use the hard J. I don’t know how the sailors pronounced it in 1856.
    3
  5984. Fishing.
    3
  5985. Sagar Veer the Maratha Empire occupies a key point in the history of the subcontinent, opposing both the British and the Mughals. It is easy to understand how they are seen as the first Indian nationalists.
    3
  5986. That is regional.
    3
  5987. That is regional.
    3
  5988. There were several, but all short lived. They tended to be coastal, and used for sending shipping news from ports to cities. The first was between Martha’s Vineyard and Boston, and operated from 1801-1807. Its legacy is the no less than seven hills between Falmouth and Dorchester named “telegraph hill.” In a twist, when, in 1837, congress called for proposals for the construction of a telegraph system in the US, they meant an optical system. All the proposals were for optical systems save for one. A man known as a portrait artist came with an outlandish idea for an “electromagnetic telegraph.” While congress did not appropriate money at the time, they did get a demonstration of the device. They finally funded the artist-turned-inventor’s idea in 1844. He was, of course, Samuel F.B. Morse. Small article on the Boston system here: https://www.mvtimes.com/2020/07/15/10-minutes-boston/
    3
  5989. Thank you for your service!
    3
  5990. We get paid by episode for sponsorship, not by how many sign up. But Magellan TV seems to think we are driving enough business to continue to sponsor us. I do legit enjoy Magellan TV quite a lot.
    3
  5991. LOL no.
    3
  5992. That was one of a few regulations that were broken.
    3
  5993. sharadowasdr that is a fuzzy line. The start of the rebellion is usually seen as the uprising of the garrison at Meerut, and the incident with Mangal Pandey is generally described as one of the events leading up to the rebellion. Certainly anger at the harsh punishment after the Mangal Pandey incident contributed to the broader uprising. While Pandey’s action failed to immediately spark a general uprising, some do assert that it represents the first act of the rebellion.
    3
  5994. That was not me- just a scammer.
    3
  5995. The Pastry War was one of those examples of foreign intervention where the US stayed silent. That silence increased mistrust in Latin America over the US intent with the doctrine. The US more forcefully applied the doctrine in the Second French Intervention in Mexico.
    3
  5996. Wouter Sijtsma the Lusitania was sunk in 1915, and that helped to shift US public opinion. But the event that finally drew the US into the war was the resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare at the end of January, 1917. The US cargo ship Housatonic was the first victim of the policy, sunk February 3, 1917. While we were almost certainly on the path to war, it was the sinking of the Housatonic, emblematic of the resumption of unrestricted attack by the U-boats, that finally caused the US to enter the war.
    3
  5997. The city in Nevada is named after General Jesse Lee Reno. Major Marcus Reno was his third cousin. And he survived Little Bighorn.
    3
  5998. Yes, ironic that the beer league shares those initials.
    3
  5999. The timing in May is because the original purpose was placing flowers on graves, and in May flowers are in bloom.
    3
  6000.  @4gunslinger  the papers at the tine say that the high constable determined that appropriate cause was established. The expectation of protection might have been seen as not applying, as the actual property owner consented to the search. Due Process was certainly seen differently in the nineteenth century.
    3
  6001. Can't wait!
    3
  6002. I think sea voyages offer their own risks and challenges.
    3
  6003. But it is our tree.
    3
  6004. Dozens of sources. The low end estimate is eight million. https://www.bxscience.edu/ourpages/auto/2009/4/5/34767803/Pre-Columbian%20population.pdf
    3
  6005. https://youtu.be/wtQFJKHLzM4?si=FC3Wyjpj0ClqGtUZ
    3
  6006.  @constipatedinsincity4424  we have two memorials here in town, but both in the morning. I will likely grill this evening is the weather holds.
    3
  6007. I do allude to it, as it was related to the Orders in Council. However, the war itself did not start until after Spencer Perceval's death.
    3
  6008. She had a distinguished and long history, and the efforts to preserve her are heroic in themselves.
    3
  6009. You'll notice I do not mention coronavirus in this episode at all. I believe a history of virology is both timely and timeless. But we understand that not everyone will like every episode. Please check out out catalog and playlists- we cover a wide variety of topics.
    3
  6010. I don’t go into that no. It is an entirely absurd premise. When your conspiracy requires the silence and discretion of hundreds of Irish dockworkers, you need a new theory.
    3
  6011. They should have included a cat. ;)
    3
  6012. It is, although the comic is set more than 500 years before the battle of Vouillé.
    3
  6013. He has a complex reputation.
    3
  6014. That has long been a story. It is, however, highly unlikely.
    3
  6015. I had not heard that explanation. Interesting. thank you!
    3
  6016. I respectfully disagree. Scientists disagree frequently, and intellectual disagreement on methods, results, and interpretations are essential to scientific study. Certainly two good scientists can, and still do, disagree over the level of risk of exposure to trace chemicals when there has not been opportunity for longitudinal study. And how could science reasonably advance without "conflicting science?" Heliocentrism was conflicting science in 1610. Just ask Galileo.
    3
  6017. Presumably it was too late to turn back by the time he saw the fishing boat.
    3
  6018. Presumably it flies better with the vertical stabilizers. But the plane was repaired and brought back into service.
    3
  6019.  @frankcooke1692  LOL fair point.
    3
  6020. The airport was not open for the morning yet.
    3
  6021. Well, theoretically the Mafia started in Sicily- it is not a uniquely American thing. But there are some historical differences, as well as cultural demographics that explain some of the differences.
    3
  6022.  @dominik36127  again, my opinion after the research. The anthropologists were careful in their assessments, and the final conclusions of the paleo-DNA lab convincing. Too, the suggestion is the only explanation that really fits the evidence. The odds of finding the remains of a female of the same age, height, and injuries documented for Pulaski, in addition to evidence of an equestrian lifestyle, yet no evidence of childbirth, in a grave attributed to General Pulaski seems more ridiculous than a 1 in 20,000 genetic abnormality that would likely leave skeletal remains exactly as were found. Some seem to see some agenda, but the theory of Congenital adrenal hyperplasia actually was advanced in the original 1990s recovery by a Georgia Deputy Coroner who recalled a notation in a medical journal. That hardly sounds like some politically motivated stunt.. I simply find the entire story compelling, and really see no alternative explanation that seems credible.
    3
  6023. I did use pronunciation guides, although I should have simply called a friend. But no, I am not a Boston local.
    3
  6024. The 1859 Carrington Event https://youtu.be/PYR6EPlPDPU
    3
  6025. It is actually a staff officer saber…
    3
  6026. @ Ford Germany had been acquired by the reich. Ford built over 300 k vehicles to fight the Nazis.
    3
  6027. Usually June, this year it has been postponed to September 12 and 13.
    3
  6028. https://youtu.be/-BHXH5am7B0
    3
  6029. So far so good!
    3
  6030. And yet it is still good that America doesn’t have a history of military coups.
    3
  6031. Semi- lots of travel this month.
    3
  6032. No- it was a lousy design almost certain to fail.
    3
  6033. Not yet
    3
  6034. hstrn gio there is a lot of legend around him.
    3
  6035. It needed fixing.
    3
  6036. Ray2Jerry thanks for pointing it out! It allowed me fix it before it was out too long.
    3
  6037. Steve Capps I have done a few episodes on the Wild West. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjsRc1-OGew_L9SHpfcOKXu
    3
  6038. I don't known, I'll research, but have not seen mention of a similar controversy surrounding the ATC pilots. It might be that, unlike WASP, ATC pilots had the option of taking a regular commission.
    3
  6039. I will research it. Some Quad-Cities history here: https://youtu.be/JqrwroYA0VA
    3
  6040. Lucky Lady II crashed in the desert. That is why only the fuselage remains.
    3
  6041. Canada is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations, and the Queen is the head of the Commonwealth. But, moreover, under the terms of the 1931 Statute of Westminster, each country’s monarchy is separate and distinct. Thus, Elizabeth II is the Queen of Canada. She plays a constitutional role as sovereign and head of state, enshrined in the Constitution of Canada. While the role is largely symbolic in a constitutional monarchy, it is described as being “both legal and practical, but not political.” She is on currency because, as sovereign, she is regarded as the personification of the Canadian state.
    3
  6042. Campaign season is actually good for YouTubers, advertising pays the bills.
    3
  6043. No special reason. In my abbreviated description of the battle I left out mention of Ft Magruder, so the name didn't make much sense. But if the name of a battle is chosen by the winner, the Battle of Williamsburg was, at best, indecisive.
    3
  6044. Sorry- I mumbled there. It was the USS Skylark. She struck a mine and drifted into a second one. Yes, it is an ironic finish for a minesweeper.
    3
  6045. You are likely applying an anachronistic understanding of the term. Clearly that wouldn’t be how Darius of Persia understood the meaning. (Or Ozymandias) In this case, the term likely represents the transition when Aksum started seeing itself as an empire as opposed to a kingdom.
    3
  6046. LOL
    3
  6047. Gerry E yeah-seemed an odd choice- either streak or slide, but both is just not a good idea.
    3
  6048. Lincoln is seated in the photo.
    3
  6049. Not since we gave up the lunar calendar
    3
  6050. We have a bow tie for him, but he isn't exactly fond of it...
    3
  6051. LOL- I'll see if I can set that up.
    3
  6052. Thomas Darby I understand completely. Currently Patreon is the only place where I can get compensated for the videos YT demonetized, but we are considering alternatives.
    3
  6053. It was just Pepsi.
    3
  6054. Yes, Porter asked that the city be named after his greatest defeat.
    3
  6055. Eric Taylor that is an interesting question. The explanation for the crewman’s survival in 1991had to do with the engine design of the A6, so it is plausible that it occurred before in the airplane’s operational history. At first glance, though, I can’t find any mention of such an occurrence in Viet Nam. I will keep looking.
    3
  6056. It seems likely that whatever happened happened very quickly, yes. And yes, the low flying altitude, chosen to fly beneath the cloud cover, allowed little time to react.
    3
  6057. There some in my belly as well.
    3
  6058. De Valera gave a speech December 10, 1941, explaining why Ireland would maintain the policy of neutrality even in light of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Despite ties between the nations, and with de Valera specifically, I don't think the US was going to change his mind.
    3
  6059.  @gaiustacitus4242  respectfully, I find your analysis to be extremely flawed. The Continental Congress acted at the behest of state legislatures. While those legislatures were not wholly representative in today’s terms, they were extraordinarily so by the standards of the day, and certainly much more so than the authority represented by the Royally appointed governors. By your standards, no one had “lawful authority.” The Congress was not in a position to force its will. The ability to wage war was entirely dependent upon the willingness of the people to do so. The mere existence of the Continental Army is proof of the authority to wage war. Of course, the Crown and a significant percentage of the population argued that the war was illegal. The war was the means used to settle that argument. The defeat of the loyalists is not somehow evidence of the moral authority of their cause. The phrase “any rational person” is absurd. The revolution was fought by rational people. Your argument that the resulting government did not represent the will of the people is denied wholly by the simple fact that the people clearly consented to it. If you imagine that you have some special insight into what the people actually wanted, I would love to see your evidence of a more legitimate decision making body. None seems to have existed. I honestly don’t know whether you are attempting to insert some modern political argument, or if you are simply a loyalist who doesn’t want to admit defeat. But history is history. And history definitely demonstrates the authority of the Continental Congress to wage war because they did so, and did so successfully. And history definitely demonstrates that the nation created by the Articles of Confederation and then the Constitution has enough moral authority to endure.
    3
  6060. What is the point of calling it “free speech” if we do not protect controversial speech?
    3
  6061. Well, as this was the story of the 1900 stadium battle, it shouldn't be a shock that I didn't go into this other episode of baseball history.
    3
  6062. Maybe an episode sometime
    3
  6063. Not hacked per se- they just create a channel with an almost identical name and impersonate me. I reported them.
    3
  6064. True story- I got on the subject when someone mentioned that beds in Europe are too hard.
    3
  6065. Adelina Saulino Petrosino was twice widowed, She was forty when Joe Petrosino was killed. Their daughter, Adelina Petrosino Burke, was just a year old when he was murdered.
    3
  6066. That will likely be an episode some day, yes.
    3
  6067. Thank you! I'm glad you enjoy it.
    3
  6068. That is terrible.
    3
  6069. Not surprised no, just warning people that their dog might not have made this episode- we have roughly five times as many photos as we were able to fit in here.
    3
  6070. That claim was suggested by Brock Yates, the former editor of Car and Driver magazine, and a respected automotive historian. His exact comment was: "The single most successful car ever to run at Indianapolis, and possibly anywhere in the history of motor sports." But, of course, even he qualifies the claim, and such claims will always be controversial. No matter your opinion, the Indy 500 represents premier racing, and that one car ran competitively for a whopping fourteen years. While there are many racing teams that can claim great success and make an argument for being the best in motorsports, they usually represent multiple actual automobiles. By any standard, the record of the Boyle Special is remarkable.
    3
  6071.  @barneyallen5377  it is a fair claim made by a bona fide expert, and exactly the sort of question that draws fans of history. I mean no disrespect, but the assertion that it is “clickbait” is offensive. The Boyle Special has a legitimate claim and story, that is fairly and accurately represented in the episode.
    3
  6072. The Department of Defense, which is responsible for deciding what names are included on the Vietnam Veteran's memorial, disagrees.
    3
  6073. https://youtu.be/wG7kS1qBGVY
    3
  6074. The game was played with five cards each in four suits. AKQJ10.
    3
  6075. The etymology derives from astrology.
    3
  6076. Likely that is the result of typical heraldic exaggeration. Heraldic designs have to be distinct and flamboyant.
    3
  6077. UltradogMN - thank you for bringing this to my attention. We limit the number of mid-roll ads on our videos, but had failed to do so on this one. It has been corrected.
    3
  6078. House Karl the US had, of course, entered the war in 1941. It required US cooperation for Britain to acquire the Kentucky and the Ohio. There was a US naval attache in Alexandria, and he was sending cables keeping Washington apprised of the military situation, and that is how the Italians gained information on the June convoys.
    3
  6079. While the belt was named after him, Gerard Kuiper did not discover it, nor did he predict its existence. In fact, the speculation in his 1951 paper assumed that the belt would no longer exist. The belt was purely theoretical, and was not actually "discovered" until 1992.
    3
  6080. The Glenmore Plaza was built in 1891 and survived the fire.
    3
  6081. Thank you!
    3
  6082. I don’t hear it.
    3
  6083. motti886 I have danced around Braddock with this video and the one about Fort Necessity, but someday I will tell the story of Braddock's defeat.
    2
  6084. Thank you!
    2
  6085. ohmitered408 I will! There is some included here, but I plan to do much more. https://youtu.be/AZ5kVH5Ijfg
    2
  6086. Steven Lower thank you!
    2
  6087. motti886 the War of 1812 is another topic that I haven't tackled yet. So much history!
    2
  6088. Everything Nick then this is the channel for you! I am always pleased to meet another lover of history!
    2
  6089. Ralfy Bebe I would love to come visit.
    2
  6090. Griffin Geiger Thank You!
    2
  6091. The definition of a hero is someone who is known for courageous acts. I think that people, even trained people, who keep their heads in an emergency and save the lives of others do qualify. What is heroism if not rising to the occasion?
    2
  6092.  @dewilew2137  did you watch the episode? The title is ironic.
    2
  6093. No, it was hunting, disrupting nesting, and habitat destruction.
    2
  6094. When the T-5 torpedo was tested in 1957 it created a large plume of radioactive water and sank vessels six and a half miles away- roughly the distance between the location of the submarine and the South Coast Naval Base at Karlskrona. While the damage from a nuclear device can be overestimated, I think that it is safe to say that, along with vaporizing the Swedish naval vessels nearby, the explosion would have done significant damage to shipping, at least tsunami damage to the port city, and caused major ecological harm.
    2
  6095. Yeah, Google controls the ads. Sorry, I can't do anything about them.
    2
  6096. I could have easily done an hour if I had gone into all the European varieties.
    2
  6097.  @highlander723  your comment is entirely false. Stop slandering me for points.
    2
  6098. No error at all. The common celebration is on the 00.
    2
  6099. Randy Harrell none that I know of. They were involved in various civic causes and also in oil shale speculation, but I don’t know a connection to USAFA. The Academy was only founded a year before J. Don’s death.
    2
  6100. I think an estimate of a million civilian casualties might actually be rather conservative. It certainly would have been a horror.
    2
  6101. Yeah, I assume the symbolism must have made more sense in 1591.
    2
  6102. It was mostly about weapons handling and operation of the system.
    2
  6103. Google sells the ads. I don’t control them.
    2
  6104. Rose, apparently, had a different level of respect for fellow warriors, yes. I suspect the torpedo comment referred to a G7a vs G7e. Germans in WWI used different torpedoes depending upon the type of attack being made.
    2
  6105. There is still a robust movement searching for evidence.
    2
  6106. Orphan Trains https://youtu.be/Gw4CVH1hSeE
    2
  6107. Richard Gerlach “Officers and men” is how naval crew compliments are traditionally stated.
    2
  6108. Stephen Andersen That is a fair point. William and Mary were followed by Mary’s sister Anne, who died without heir in 1714. The succession then passed over Catholic claimants to William’s family in the House of Hanover with George I. Original supporters of William and Mary were not called Hanoverians. However, by the time of the order of the pug, the Jacobites were opposing the heirs of William’s cousin, Sophia of Hanover.
    2
  6109. Not that I could find. The comedienne spells her name Bernhard.
    2
  6110. Yes, similar thinking to the Pals battalions.
    2
  6111. YouTube cutoff the ability to automatically upload to Rumble.
    2
  6112. The name was derived from the "Skonk Works" in l'il Abner, yes, But the name was chosen because of the smell.
    2
  6113. Respectfully, I'd love to see your attempt at the portrait of Madame X done with a paint roller.
    2
  6114. Clueless Homesteaders good film! Loosely based on the Königsberg story
    2
  6115. She wanted to be held
    2
  6116. https://youtu.be/dZNoISRg494
    2
  6117. They did- in general they shot anything moving in no man’s land
    2
  6118.  @vicc7409  yes, he led the US Food Administration and the the American Relief Administration.
    2
  6119. It is in central Asia. It lies between the modern countries of Kazakhstan to the north and Uzbekistan to the south.
    2
  6120. In context, though, Africa had become embroiled in the Great War, and the Congo became a central battlefield. For Ota Benga was return was practically impossible in 1916.
    2
  6121. Brown would certainly have died prior to the napalm. There is no way that he could have survived the night.
    2
  6122. That is actually a photo I bought on Ebay. It is somebody's family...
    2
  6123. LOL he did.
    2
  6124. Not intentionally
    2
  6125. Well, they aren't vegetables or minerals...
    2
  6126. Welcome aboard!
    2
  6127. Thank you!
    2
  6128. Certainly ancient works have been defaced many ways. Napoleon's army fired artillery at the Sphinx. But there are several accounts of the local Illini firing firearms at the paintings.
    2
  6129. It was just cut short then.
    2
  6130. Thank you!
    2
  6131. Ciborium the Sentinel was certainly not extemporized, but an honest tank design project from the ground up.
    2
  6132. Graham Cann I might have a Gallipoli topic at some point.
    2
  6133. There is a lot of relatively ignored Civil War history in Missouri. i hope to tell some of that.
    2
  6134. Duck, or canvas uses a particular weave and is usually made from cotton. Linen is traditionally made from flax.
    2
  6135. We understand that some viewers do not prefer sponsored content. That is why we made it clear from the start that the video was sponsored, in case you would prefer one of our nearly three hundred episodes without sponsored content.
    2
  6136. A mythical figure, but some day based on a real person. we may well do an episode on Paul Bunyan.
    2
  6137. Just pictures of old rail- there is inly so much available in the Public Domain.
    2
  6138. It is a candidate for "de-extinction." However, the species does not do well in captivity, and it is unclear how a breeding population can be restored.
    2
  6139. I am happy to paint "warts and all," but, as a historian, I think it flatly incorrect to portray western colonialism as being unique in its evils.
    2
  6140. We have not done a full episode on that accident yet.
    2
  6141. I am sure the newspaper said they were USAF, but it would not be surprising to get that detail wrong.
    2
  6142.  @CraigGood  likely true.
    2
  6143. Yes, I will probably do a hat episode on the slouch hat.
    2
  6144. That was based on this raid: The Western campaign of the U.S. Civil War and James Burklow https://youtu.be/-b2GK3HekGI
    2
  6145. Actually the US freight rail system is widely regarded as the best in the world.
    2
  6146. subhadeep banerjee there are plenty of reasons to mistrust the British in India. I certainly don’t mean to hide the harms of imperialism. But mistrust of the British is a bad reason to forget the brave service of Indian troops in the era of the Raj. The contribution of the INA to the battle was trivial. There was nothing at all essential in their role in the battle. And they were fighting alongside the Japanese, who by any standard were far crueler colonial masters than the British. That is not political agenda, it is historical fact. The great lesson of the INA, shown by the 1946 navy mutiny, is that the British misunderstood general support for the common cause against the Japanese as support for British rule. It is a fascinating and important part of history, but not a reason to falsify the facts of the Battle of Imphal.
    2
  6147. The difference is internal structure, or lack thereof. https://www.caranddriver.com/features/a26797827/goodyear-blimp-wingfoot-two/
    2
  6148. I talk a lot about the B-36 in this episode: https://youtu.be/p0gRHgwSGhE
    2
  6149. Dandelions and Civilization: A Forgotten History https://youtu.be/xyePMeGE3CI
    2
  6150. The Gulf War was because of the invasion of Kuwait, nine years before 9/11.
    2
  6151. It would make more sense geographically and culturally to annex central California to Nevada.
    2
  6152. marbleman52 I briefly put them on in a couple of videos. I did living history years ago, and hope to include more garb in the show at some point.
    2
  6153. His only son died at the age of 16. He had three grandchildren, but all died without having children. There are no surviving direct descendants.
    2
  6154. Großer Maik we have four cats- these were not the first meows that made it into an episode.
    2
  6155. The one displayed was just a car body. The car, was of course, never awarded.
    2
  6156. It was really the sinking of SS Housatonic in February, 1917 that was the last "straw." That was the sign of the resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare. The sinking of Lusitania in 1915 was significant in that it really started the shift in public perception of the war.
    2
  6157. https://youtu.be/J8zJEaqXcZ0
    2
  6158. Eric Atkinson As Secretary Brown said, we took no “irretrievable actions,” but that certainly doesn’t mean the system worked correctly.
    2
  6159. Yes, Vasili Arkhipov saved the world.  I will do an episode on that.
    2
  6160. Thank you for your service.
    2
  6161. Pop quiz!
    2
  6162. I don’t control the ads at all. Those come from Google.
    2
  6163. Around forty
    2
  6164. Lol
    2
  6165. Your odds of contracting flu from touching a dead bird are extremely small. But not touching dead things with your bare hands is good advice. https://www.massaudubon.org/learn/nature-wildlife/birds/common-bird-parasites-diseases
    2
  6166. I have not.
    2
  6167. Essentially they built a dam that is allowing the water level to rise in a small part of the northern part. It would be awesome to hear it turn into a success story.
    2
  6168. LOL.
    2
  6169. Those are an exclusive series on Patreon, although I think we will post older ones here from time to time. To catch them all please consider becoming a patron. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    2
  6170. Was that the battle at Castle Itter?
    2
  6171. I deliberately shorted the description of the Thule event because I hope to do an episode on it in the future.
    2
  6172. True. Those muskets could only do so much against overwhelming numbers.
    2
  6173. As ever, this episode is not intended as any comment at all on current events.
    2
  6174. Hopefully we will have an episode out on that incident.
    2
  6175. I was unable to find any record. I will update the episode if I find out more.
    2
  6176. That is a question. No message was logged.
    2
  6177. Flushing Cemetery in Queens NY.
    2
  6178. Thank you! Cheers!
    2
  6179. That theory was discredited with the discovery of the letter from Felix Rey.
    2
  6180. History if full of the wonderful; and the awful. The key is the lessons we learn from each.
    2
  6181. Please email me at THG@TheHistoryGuy.net
    2
  6182. That would not be surprising, but certainly not what papers at the time reported.
    2
  6183. Possibly, yes. I've done a couple on the era of prohibition, but none on the prohibition movement.
    2
  6184. Grand Duke Alexi was Commander in Chief of the Navy at the time, and largely held responsible for the defeat. You are correct that Zinovy Rozhestvensky commanded the Second Pacific Squadron at the Battle of Tsushima.
    2
  6185. The rate of change is astounding.
    2
  6186. She was sold in 1935, and the Coast Guard lists her fate as "unknown."
    2
  6187. Luredreier the Coast Guard shows no record of who bought her or what happened to her after she was sold.
    2
  6188. I mention that at the end. At least Haussmann presented that as more of a side effect than an intent.
    2
  6189. Thank you!
    2
  6190. Honestly I think there are plenty of YT channels focusing on that sort of thing. I am not opposed, depending upon the story and the research. But I have trouble seeing what I could really add to the already rich coverage and debate over, say, Roswell.
    2
  6191. Yes, a strange comment on the culture.
    2
  6192. Planned for Monday.
    2
  6193. Nate Jones I took it down so that I could correct an error.
    2
  6194. Honestly, Ribeye is the best cut.
    2
  6195. There are. Not to mention all the times that one or the other almost blew themselves up. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGi-qJ9yauSq1ugvddQZoyQQ
    2
  6196. You realize that you cannot get allergies through the internet?
    2
  6197. Sorry, South Dakotans do not recognize the rivalry with Minnesotans. You are thinking of North Dakota.
    2
  6198. That is how averages work.
    2
  6199. I spent a summer with the Park Service outside of Uniontown in Farmington.
    2
  6200. Robert Chutney there is quite a lot of discussion of the origin of the 1977 reemergence of H1N1. The virus emerged in China and the strain apparently came from the Soviet Union in the 1950s. This article gives a summary of several theories regarding the origin. http://www.virology.ws/2015/08/20/1977-h1n1-virus-not-relevant-to-gof-debate/
    2
  6201. A fact which shows how unique the circumstances were.
    2
  6202. Those were an interesting legacy of Hoxha's. We will have more episodes regarding Albania.
    2
  6203. A certain Iron Duke...
    2
  6204. Knappie
    2
  6205. dandan771616 to be honest, online guides convinced me to change the pronunciation, and I wish I had ignored them.
    2
  6206. That is actually a myth. He did defend the turkey versus the eagle in a letter to his sister, but he never suggested it as a national bird.
    2
  6207. Carlton Wilson I am not trying to take sides, nor to denigrate the heroism of men who risked their lives to rescue their comrades on the beach. But the Andamanese had inhabited these islands for thousands of years. Every outsider who had shown up had done them grief. They merely wanted peace on their tiny part of the world. To assert they brought destruction on themselves seems an extremely cavalier attitude. Were I an Andamanese Islander, I might, in fact, find such an attitude barbaric.
    2
  6208. Ahh, so the entire point is that you assume that you are mentally superior and, thus, have the right to slaughter them? Well, how primitive of them to defend themselves. Again, I am not trying to take sides, but I do question your assessment of their intellectual capacity. Moreover, and as I try to point out in the episode, they might well think the same of you. Respectfully, I am wary of the claim that anyone has "brought destruction on themselves," especially given that they were not the ones bringing an armed force into someone else's territory.
    2
  6209. And your argument is still perplexing to me. If they lived, quite ably, for 1700 generations without fire, isn't that proof that they didn't need to make fire? Couldn't anyone simply choose whatever standard they wish and, in the end, make it acceptable to slaughter any they deem inferior? Your ancestors had fire. But, when Europeans arrived, the indigenous peoples of America were a stone age culture. All those generations, and the culture did not know how to work metal, and had not invented gunpowder? Clearly, they were inbred beasts who brought their destruction on themselves. It brings to mind comedian Eddie Izzard's line about "no flag, no country." Merely not having a technology that others have is a dangerous standard for which to say they "brought their destruction on themselves." Hypothetically, if an advanced alien civilization were to discover Earth, I hope they would not use the same reasoning. Unlike the Onge, the North Sentinelese are still isolated, and, by all appearance, happy and healthy. There is no reason to think they can't last another 1700 generations. So who has the moral authority to say that their culture is without value? The Onge were victims of people who came to their home and took what they wanted because they could. There is no judgement there- that is how most people have acted since forever. But, in the face of that, the Onge chose to defend themselves. That is also how people have acted since forever.
    2
  6210. It was eventually sold, damaged by a storm, and salvaged for parts. None of the Boeing 314s survive today.
    2
  6211. Lol yes, that is as old aa the newspaper.
    2
  6212. I use a program called Viddyoze.
    2
  6213. My Dad was a Marty Robbins fan. i grew up listening to Big Iron. "Oh he might have went on livin, but he made one fatal slip..."
    2
  6214. Thank you!
    2
  6215. Podcasts are for listening.
    2
  6216. Those were taken at the Franklin county Jail museum in Benton, Il, a great little museum well worth a visit. Richard is correct that the chain is there to prevent the artifacts from being stolen.
    2
  6217. LOL- which one are you?
    2
  6218. Thank you for your service!
    2
  6219. David LoganSr yes, there were deaths on both voyages, as well as in Canada.
    2
  6220.  @WoodHughes  I don’t think that Lincoln had any possible choice but to take the stand that secession was impermissible and that federal property is federal property. The hypothetical question of what might have happened had the north simply let the south go is as interesting as any other counter factual, but I don’t think it represents an actual historic possibility. Buchanan attempted to walk that line, but it wasn’t a long term strategy. Too, the Star of the West was just re-supply. It also seems likely to me that any peaceful path would have eventually been undermined by questions of slavery in the west. It is an interesting historical discussion, but I think beyond the scope of the episode, and really beyond what we could reasonably cover in our short format.
    2
  6221. There were Legion units on both sides.
    2
  6222. The two are connected, as one is pulling the other. But the axle was actually carrying the cargo, not the animals.
    2
  6223.  @canaanval  lol Yes, I got the joke. And yes, there is inherent humor in the very name “Brandywine creek.”
    2
  6224. No, it was classified as a training ship at that time.
    2
  6225. I think, like many pulp fiction authors, he was inspired by classic adventure novels like Robinson Crusoe.
    2
  6226. That was the second of two “Mini Guppies.” The crash was May 12, 1970.
    2
  6227. Yes, people immigrating from East to West along the Oregon trail.
    2
  6228. Hard to say- Historians love to argue "counterfactuals," or "what if things had happened differently." But they are, by nature, hypothetical. Certainly there were many negative consequences to US adventurism at the turn of the century.
    2
  6229. We know that Joseph McCoy used the term, but yes, there are several competing theories as to the etymology of the phrase.
    2
  6230. Sorry, we have not done such a show.
    2
  6231. I do not yet.
    2
  6232. Miles Khan because they resembled oil platforms in the Gulf of Mexico.
    2
  6233. Sometimes truth is stranger than fiction.
    2
  6234. Ron Lawson that was from a Japanese training video, and I don’t know why they appear to be pouring liquid in their eyes.
    2
  6235.  @TheDeepening718  https://youtu.be/uXDGzmOkC5g
    2
  6236. I plan to do more on Antonio López de Santa Anna . Such a very interesting person.
    2
  6237. I don't think I'll likely do an episode on it, but I do agree. Still, there are some good series- like Modern Marvels.
    2
  6238. I love that movie! I expect that will be the Queen with my pardon.
    2
  6239. Happy Birthday!
    2
  6240. He would be welcome to use the video. The weather station was on Cape Disappointment, between the lighthouse and the keeper’s residence.
    2
  6241. Talk about it some in this episode https://youtu.be/SIDo_KOxTU4
    2
  6242. History that deserves to be remembered!
    2
  6243. That was the issue that drove a rebellion in Brazil.
    2
  6244. Some discussion here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jghkeNBaU-c
    2
  6245. Polo....
    2
  6246. Debatable is good,- the point was actually to stir debate. On that point, what other single automobile has done as well in motor sport? Not model of race car, but just one car? The Boyle Special ran successfully in a premier race fourteen years running. Few race car models make it half that long, more or less a single car.
    2
  6247. I have had a few who have disagreed with me more adamantly here or there. I don't know if anyone is stalking me with dislikes, or if they just represent the few who don't enjoy what we make. Our like vs dislike ratio is above 99%, so it doesn't worry me much.
    2
  6248. maumor2 newspaper reports from the time speculated that Kitty Hawk was carrying at least a dozen nuclear weapons of various types.
    2
  6249. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhaqf9Nk_fkzRlQNrsB2iMb
    2
  6250. LBJ talked about it in a speech in July 1964. Curtis LeMay had convinced them to change the name from RS-71 to SR-71, but the press was given an outdated transcript that said RS-71. That caused the confusion.
    2
  6251. Neither Gene Roddenberry, nor Gene L Coon, who wrote the episode “The Metamorphosis,” ever seem to have explicitly clarified the family history of Zefram Cochrane, nor indicated specifically that the name was inspired by Jackie Cochran. It is notable that both Roddenberry and Coon were war veterans who likely would have been familiar with Jackie Cochran. While it is certainly possible that the character’s name was an homage, it is notable that, unlike Jackie, they chose to spell “Cochrane” with an e at the end. There is some fan speculation that the inspiration for the character was more likely the famous Scottish Napoleonic era naval commander Lord Thomas Cochrane.
    2
  6252. exp vlogz awesome! Thanks! If she has any other topics she’d like me to cover, I am always open to suggestions.
    2
  6253. He was disappointed, yet the crowd cheered- he took off from a ship and landed safely on land.
    2
  6254. It should have generated captions. Are yours turned on?
    2
  6255. Or that coins were not exact representations of scale.
    2
  6256. Of course. Please contact my business manager Carolyn at business@thehistoryguy.net
    2
  6257. Again? I have been producing three videos a week on the regular for nearly eight years.
    2
  6258. You can. The Texas Tower Association has affixed a plaque with the names of the victims on one of the columns.
    2
  6259. This episode gives an overview of the battle and a specific description of the defense of Thala: https://youtu.be/KvH1cElGu0M
    2
  6260. gareth Croson while lionesses are primary hunters in a pride, males are larger and stronger, do hunt, and do become maneaters. Moreover, many do not realize that not all male lions have manes. A notable example is the Tsavo Lions, mane-less male hunters who killed and ate men. In this case, it is the line down the back and spots- typically darker on juvenile males than females- and the size, that likely drives the assumption of a juvenile male. But, admittedly, as the argument for a lion goes, there is no reason the beast could not have been a female.
    2
  6261. No, just a black jacket.
    2
  6262. Jake Shimabukuro shows much more skill on the ukulele.
    2
  6263. The survivors continued to meet annually- I hope they would have informed the families of what happened to their loved ones.
    2
  6264. Didn’t watch the video?
    2
  6265. They have internet.
    2
  6266. They only left when there was nothing left to steal, ransom, or eat.
    2
  6267. It is no secret- I use a program called Viddyoze. I just drop the logo into a template.
    2
  6268. That is an interesting argument, and perhaps the best argument for the treaty. I call it a failure because it ultimately failed to prevent the arms race that it intended do. In many ways, the terms of the treaty resulted in a naval arms race in the Pacific and contributed to the causes of the second World War. But you are correct, it may have prevented an arms race in the Atlantic, and by ending the Anglo-Japanese alliance might have changed the dynamics of the Second World War.
    2
  6269. while I do do a lot of war history, I have quite a few episodes that are not about war: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjSBAMdCw6IkjVeVoKET_bu
    2
  6270. Good book- written by a journalist who grew up in the area.
    2
  6271. I had not seen that. I read that most of his records were destroyed when the school was converted to a prison during the war.
    2
  6272. Historians can only work with what we have.
    2
  6273. Wow- harsh there Mom.
    2
  6274. Certainly not. Lusitania was sunk in 1915, and the US did not declare war until 1917. The sinking of the Lusitania shifted public perception, and was part of the larger shift in favor of the Allied Powers, but it was not the event that drew us into war. The most direct cause was Germany's decision to resume unrestricted submarine warfare in 1917. That was a calculated risk by Germany, who assumed that the US would take at least two years to mobilize, and in that time the combination of massive offensives on the Western front and the effects of the blockade via submarine warfare would bankrupt the allies.
    2
  6275. We are not at all limited to military topics.
    2
  6276. I do talk about the Burton Island- several times in the episode
    2
  6277. Yes, I grew up in Hot Springs, and had friends in Edgemont. I was also a Ranger at Mount Rushmore.
    2
  6278. She claimed to be transgender.
    2
  6279. It started because of the odd way that pirates figured into some episodes- for example, pirates capturing the benchmark kilogram that Jefferson requested, playing a role in the US decision not to adopt the metric system. It is really rather surprising how much history has been affected by pirates.
    2
  6280. I don't know why sponsorships would be "creepy."
    2
  6281. Russians were doing fir trading in Alaska three decades before Cook's Third Voyage.
    2
  6282. You are correct- i apologize for the error.
    2
  6283. jserra17 Phil Sheridan supposedly said “We should fight another war with Old Mexico to make them take back New Mexico.”
    2
  6284. Yes, I need to do more War of 1812 topics.
    2
  6285. He was in D-block, whose prisoners were hiding in their cells while guards and marines bombarded the place. Reportedly, he shouted to guards that the escapees had retreated to another part of the prison, saving the prisoners of D-block more bombardment.
    2
  6286. You are correct, my mistake. the lowered flaps. The goal was to reduce airspeed.
    2
  6287. I credit the tank Museum in the episode, and the history of the 131 is derived from the story told there. The staff there are amazing, and we collaborated last summer on an episode for their YouTube channel. I did receive assistance on this episode, notably the picture of the original engine towards the end (Thanks Roz!) The episode, is , of course, more about the battle over a forgotten hill, hoping to fill in the gaps around the story of the tank.
    2
  6288. pappybugington I got the picture on Ebay. I don’t know who it is-it is a page obviously torn from a photo album. But I thought he deserved to be remembered.
    2
  6289. That is Pookie.
    2
  6290. The cats come and go at their leisure- I have no control.
    2
  6291. Yes, it is an anachronistic, (built in 1960) but there was no Public Domain image of the earlier headquarters. That is now the Met Life building.
    2
  6292. The quotation was talking about the United States.
    2
  6293. But post-it note accidents are very rare, and none, to my knowledge, have resulted in a fatality.
    2
  6294. Seiner Majestät Schiff- roughly, 'His Majesty's Ship."
    2
  6295. That came a bit later, as Van Buren adopted some of their banking policies.
    2
  6296. Yes, i should have mentioned the Coast Guard and Marines, who also use that colloquialism. I had a friend in the reserve who was promoted and when i congratulated him his response was to complain that he had to pay $100 for a new brim for his hat.
    2
  6297. It was probably even greater following the Mongol conquest.
    2
  6298. That is exactly why we created TheHistoryGuy.com
    2
  6299. No, it is not illegal to make cufflinks from coins, or to smash them in those little penny stretcher machines at tourist attractions. It is only a crime to fraudulently alter coins.
    2
  6300. Technicals are certainly interesting. There just wasn't room to include them in this episode, and they are, most often, not armored. We might work them into another episode.
    2
  6301. The theory was that it was a conspiracy.
    2
  6302. First Galaxy Quest comment of the channel!
    2
  6303. That was not part of Operation Chrome Dome. It was a B-47 bomber that collided with an F-86 fighter during a practice exercise.
    2
  6304. okay
    2
  6305. LOL
    2
  6306. I believe is was Ira Gershwin's.
    2
  6307. I apologize for the error
    2
  6308. They tested rocket engines and did research on nuclear weapons, but they did not detonate nuclear bombs there.
    2
  6309. Sorry, but it is literally called “The Coeur d’Alene Labor Strike.” Wallace and Kellogg are part of the Coeur d’Alene mining region, along the Coeur d’Alene river.
    2
  6310. No, Halifax was bigger.
    2
  6311. Yes, some one will always argue such things
    2
  6312. Ant Merritt I took no offense, no worries. I understand wanting a break from advertisements. I don’t suspect that we will ever have more than one or two sponsored episodes in a month, and intend to continue to produce quite a lot of content that doesn’t have sponsored ads. We do plan to stick to the policy of showing that a video is sponsored at the very start, and content rules generally require that the sponsorship be shown at the top of the description, so you can avoid the sponsored content if you wish. I also upload a version without the sponsored content for patrons on Patreon. We do, however, appreciate our sponsors and are grateful that they think the channel and content deserve sponsorship. A sponsored video does earn quite a lot more money for my family. We are careful about choosing sponsors as well, and I really do think that Skillshare is a great place to learn and wholeheartedly endorse the product.
    2
  6313. https://youtu.be/WF4YApXTmWI
    2
  6314. The New York times changed the style guide in 1884 to spell it baseball rather than base ball. But many of the newspapers stories at the turn of the century still were using the old style. The shift took some time and happened mostly in the 1910s through 1920s.
    2
  6315. UW Alumnus here.
    2
  6316. They both came to the US and were raised by their father. Lolita Josephine Johnson (Bullard) died in 1974 at the age of 46 and Jacqueline Hernandez (Bullard) died in 2009 at the age of 85.
    2
  6317.  @nelsonbergman7706  I watched it from my deck.
    2
  6318. LOL yes- don't mess with Jackson.
    2
  6319. Thank you!
    2
  6320. Respectfully, the assertions of the man who called himself Robert Harvey Longabaugh are generally regarded as not credible.
    2
  6321. I don't use photoshop
    2
  6322. Both presidents Jefferson and Jackson received mammoth cheeses.
    2
  6323. It is true- he was put on the ticket partially because it was thought he'd cause less trouble as VP. Hanna noted at the time that that put him a heartbeat away from power. But he and Hanna wound up allies.
    2
  6324. Yes, that's Pookie who recently passed away. He was The History Cat that was on camera most often.
    2
  6325. https://youtu.be/uXDGzmOkC5g
    2
  6326. That looks rather more lion-like than wolf-like to me.
    2
  6327. Yes it is. Pointing a flamethrower at a Kanamit. Thank you for noticing.
    2
  6328. Thank you!
    2
  6329. I have a teleprompter, but don't use it. The parts to camera are short enough that I can memorize them.
    2
  6330. Closer than you think, in that during the crisis there was a Soviet submarine commander preparing to launch a nuclear torpedo. That will be a future episode.
    2
  6331. Sunny Jim I think it had to do with wind patterns.
    2
  6332. Why? There is nothing wrong with it.
    2
  6333. The China theory is one theory, yes.
    2
  6334. I don't see them as competitors- that is, I subscribe to both...
    2
  6335. So they tell me.
    2
  6336. The nose cone blew off the missile when a retrorocket fired.
    2
  6337. Karl Pearson I apologize if I was testy in my response.
    2
  6338. They are provided by The Tie Bar.
    2
  6339. The Bonesaw .. LOL yes she is- a famous photograph.
    2
  6340. I am finding multiple references that say 142-H, for example: https://www.historypod.net/12/26/26th-december-1991-the-ussr-formally-dissolved/ and here: https://books.google.com/books?id=L3orDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA4&lpg=PA4&dq=declaration+of+dissolution+of+the+soviet+union+by+supreme+soviet+142-h&source=bl&ots=EodZXJ9FR3&sig=uw5Uzbr2zcWR9pijdwMO1_uikjQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi8mb6MhL3dAhXE3YMKHbH9DwY4ChDoATADegQIBxAB#v=onepage&q=declaration%20of%20dissolution%20of%20the%20soviet%20union%20by%20supreme%20soviet%20142-h&f=false But others say 142-N. so no, I am not sure.
    2
  6341. Lol no- the Gallup poll was regarding how many adults drink alcohol.
    2
  6342. The podcasts are offered on alternating Tuesdays. These have already been released on podcast channels, but we also post on YT as some listeners have requested them. As they are clearly labeled, if you don’t prefer the podcast format, I suggest not clicking on those. I can’t make decisions for you, but refusing to watch the video content because we give you the option to choose an additional podcast format every other week seems an odd choice.
    2
  6343. Lol I am normal sized. He’s a good sized cat, yes.
    2
  6344. The History Guy channel replies to hundred of comments… but cannot reply to all. Thanks for being a viewer!
    2
  6345. I am occasionally on TV yes.
    2
  6346. https://archive.org/details/USAF28986A
    2
  6347. I did boatswain wrong in an early episode and got an earful.
    2
  6348. Castle Itter has been on my list for a while, I loved Stephen Harding's The Last Battle: When U.S. and German Soldiers Joined Forces in the Waning Hours of World War II in Europe. The story of the Alabama is included in this episode: https://youtu.be/oJWjTp7DHEk
    2
  6349. I think by then the cabs were making enough money that that was their business.
    2
  6350. I personally love it.
    2
  6351. LOL what was that? UFO!
    2
  6352. Full video here: https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AChicago_Photographed_from_Ray_Knabenshue%27s_Dirigible_Air_Ship.webm
    2
  6353. Far more privileged people accomplished far less. While it is true that he benefited from familial connections, he certainly did not choose a life of comfort.
    2
  6354. The Black Hills Land Claim is another topic itself.
    2
  6355. A mighty rivalry back in the day.
    2
  6356. LOL
    2
  6357. Fixing that- sorry
    2
  6358. Yes, there is more story there.
    2
  6359. Yup!
    2
  6360. Correct. The Soviet Union controlled much of the world’s supply, and the US acquired it through a number of straw buyers.
    2
  6361.  @givenfirstnamefamilyfirstn3935  Finucane apparently never found offense. That is how he was universally known in the press. I am not responsible for changed sensibilities, and prefer his counsel on the subject of his name than anachronistic complaints. Moreover, the nickname is used in current press. The 2015 BBC bio was titled “Spitfire Paddy.” Stories have been published on him regularly in the Irish Times, every time calling him Paddy and never mentioning the name as controversial. These complaints are political and hogwash. They have nothing to do with history.
    2
  6362. I actually use both names in the episode. During the period of the German Empire, Prussia represented three-fifths of the German territory, two-thirds of its population, and virtually its entire leadership, diplomatic corps and civil service. The Imperial crown was the royal house of Prussia. The armies of the states of the North German Confederation subordinated themselves to the Prussian army in time of war. The army was led by Prussian officers, who reported directly to the emperor, who was the King of Prussia. The German empire was, in a real sense, merely the result of Prussian nationalism. "Germany" and "Prussia" were used interchangeably in newspapers of the period.
    2
  6363. On March 17, 1991, the all-Russian referendum on the introduction of the post of President of Russia was held. More than 70% of citizens voted for the introduction of the post of President, elected by direct vote. On April 24, 1991 the Supreme Council of Russia adopted the law "On the President of the RSFSR". The election was held on June 12, 1991, and Yeltsin won the election with 57% of the vote. As the Washington Post puts it : "On June 12, 1991, Russians made Boris Yeltsin the first freely elected president in the history of their country." Try being informed before employing sarcasm. https://www.washingtonpost.com/
    2
  6364. So do we!
    2
  6365. jarezlem I refer to it as a massacre.
    2
  6366. LiamE69 I expect to have an episode out on Cheddar some day.
    2
  6367. I am not sure why you would think that, but he was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
    2
  6368. Thank you!
    2
  6369. I apologize for the error
    2
  6370. The game predates the hospital ship, and is thought to have originated in England. There is dispute over the origin of the chant "Red Rover, Red Rover, come on over!" One theory is that the chant referred to a riverboat that sailed in Tennessee in the 1820s. If so, the USS Red Rover, built in 1857, might have been named after the original boat.
    2
  6371. It is a real place. The name was actually changed in the nineteenth century to lengthen it- thinking it would attract tourists.
    2
  6372. Respectfully, the term has nothing to do with colonies. Metropolitan France refers to the part of France that is geographically in Europe.
    2
  6373. The kittens may knock it over, though. Thank you for your support!
    2
  6374. I make no political statement at all about COVID or its origins. But, having had COVID, it is certainly "real."
    2
  6375. That is a NOAA plane.
    2
  6376. I've never been to a base opening, But they do cut a ribbon when they remodel the base exchange. http://www.aerotechnews.com/nellisafb/2015/11/13/nafb-exchange-holds-grand-opening-ceremony/
    2
  6377. We haven't changed sound equipment.
    2
  6378. Sometimes... you just have to do what works. ;) Enjoy!
    2
  6379. I do believe that game is mutual.
    2
  6380. Sent to me by a viewer. I have a lot of hats...
    2
  6381. Thank you!
    2
  6382. Eric Taylor LOL - they do not appear to in the photographs.
    2
  6383. The line written in French was "Je suis desja d'amour tanné."
    2
  6384. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy.
    2
  6385. The etymology of the term is in this episode: https://youtu.be/O7dAG4T-5h4
    2
  6386. No- that was Willow Run.
    2
  6387. Michael Feyrnand I have a soft spot for Galveston as well. I collect vintage military hats. I have series of videos about them for patrons on Patreon. Www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy.
    2
  6388. There is a redcap on the wall over my left shoulder.
    2
  6389. Thank you!
    2
  6390. Robert Jeffers the Navy names US ships, and they tend to follow traditions. For unfathomable reasons, US ammunition ships are traditionally named after volcanoes.
    2
  6391. I try.
    2
  6392. Sorry- that has been corrected in the newer videos.
    2
  6393. Fixed- thanks!
    2
  6394. They were paid servants- cooks or cleaners or nursemaids.
    2
  6395. Yes, for the most part the emblems are changed to the new Royal Cypher. There are exceptions, for example the badge of the Royal Canadian Regiment.
    2
  6396. https://youtu.be/YVh-qJjFSAQ
    2
  6397. Thank you!
    2
  6398. It does
    2
  6399. My only mention of Chancellorsville was in reference to the question of silencing controversial speech. You are welcome to make whatever conclusions that you wish about current politics. You are not welcome to misrepresent my words to serve your agenda. The episode distorts no facts- it is actual history.
    2
  6400. I left that out because neither he nor the NTSB seemed to think it was relevant to the landing.
    2
  6401. Only some 775 more to go to be sure!
    2
  6402. This appears to be a YouTube issue affecting other channels as well.
    2
  6403. Yes, the abolitionists of the era were also generally anti-immigrant.
    2
  6404. They do the swapping. The cats pretty much run the place.
    2
  6405. MajorHud there was a little more to it. The bomb wouldn’t release, and the navigator actually crawled out on the wing to get it to release. After all that, they scored a direct hit and it didn’t detonate.
    2
  6406. Nothing explains Missouri place-name pronunciation
    2
  6407. The photo is from pixabay and came with no additional detail: https://pixabay.com/photos/seattle-washington-city-cities-394727/
    2
  6408. https://youtu.be/_dQzYdFY_w4
    2
  6409. The picture was taken long after the event, but it is purportedly the same house.
    2
  6410. I suspect any US Navy ship would be considerably more than that today.
    2
  6411. Algerian Pilot well the episode is about him, not the entire North Africa campaign. His experience was all during the final months of what is called the Tunisia campaign.
    2
  6412. This episode talks much more about the development of the calendar: https://youtu.be/mk4n7XWsY_4
    2
  6413. jeff robinson there are about 500
    2
  6414.  @rockymountainlifeprospecti4423  Thank you!
    2
  6415. Joe Beck I said “former racehorse,” not thoroughbred. They race Mongolian horses in Korea. Mongolian horses are horses, not ponies.
    2
  6416. I corrected the location of the accident in Rock Kansas- the original said rock Arkansas. I added about two minutes talking about whether/how the accident could produce a nuclear yield. The biggest complaint on the first video was that I had made it seem too likely that the warhead could detonate. I added the speculation that the fan caused the explosion, as a couple of viewers mentioned it. I changed the conclusion at the end.
    2
  6417. Fixed- thanks!
    2
  6418. The 42 styles was an English store in 1822. The quote from the American newspaper was in 1922 (as was the riot,) The history of the hat goes back much farther than the riot.
    2
  6419. The Vietnam war is considered to have begun in 1955, although American support was there before that, and the roots of the conflict extend further back. Active warfare on the part of the Americans was later, but the war is generally considered to have gone on 20 years, 1955-1975.
    2
  6420. Eyjafjallajökull. Pronounced just like it is spelled. :p
    2
  6421. Well thank you!
    2
  6422. We've been making suggestions to Teespring...
    2
  6423. The episode is rather clear that his record is among US forces.
    2
  6424. wwwmastersofmetalnl George Marshall
    2
  6425. The videos with the Eiffel Tower are from a stock film service from which we have a license.
    2
  6426. They were mostly mothballed.
    2
  6427. Thank you!
    2
  6428. Maybe Donald Sutherland is older than he claims...
    2
  6429. Yes, there was nit enough transport for the horses.
    2
  6430. The picture with the stovepipes is somewhere around 1850s - 60s. The picture with the fedoras is 1920s or 30s.
    2
  6431. I got that from a Google translation of a Dutch news report.
    2
  6432. The demographic data fro the period didn't list mortality by religion. The province included large numbers of both Hindus and Muslims.
    2
  6433. The song volume was literally set as low as the program (PowerDirector) allows. the next lower setting was "off." The issue may simply be that we are exceeding our technical expertise. That said, several people seemed to like it.
    2
  6434. I only list three false Dmitris. There were actually several more, but those were the most significant.
    2
  6435. As much as I can, yes I do.
    2
  6436. I never say never, but as a channel on forgotten history there are a good many fires and disasters that are much less well known.
    2
  6437. I use media in the public domain, and map images are often low resolution.
    2
  6438. It seemed fitting.
    2
  6439. Reproductions are easy to find. I have three.
    2
  6440. I do love talking about the Wild West
    2
  6441. Yes, I made only brief mention of the conflict over the eastern border.
    2
  6442. Yup
    2
  6443. David Moody I have not yet. I have a few topics regarding Australia during the war on the list.
    2
  6444. That was my mistake. Apologies.
    2
  6445.  @Rider04851  my condolences
    2
  6446. Do you live near Sydney? Please email me at thg@thehistorygut.net if you have or are able to get pictures of Onslow that we can use.
    2
  6447. It was, yes. I had no idea that Tesla was releasing anything today.
    2
  6448. It is the best Batman. Actually a modern production, not a classic piece.
    2
  6449. He, this one is Pocky. Always appropriately dressed in tuxedo.
    2
  6450. It is not clear which of the incidents related to the call, although the computer chip incidents in the summer simply seemed less believable.
    2
  6451. WetBob SpongePants not in the Second World War. A German U boat bombarded Massachusetts during the First World War.
    2
  6452. The group left at the stockade seemed to be largely Irish, suggesting that they were, at least, more committed.
    2
  6453. Hamilton has brought some spotlight to some lesser known patriots.
    2
  6454. If you can catch a street pigeon, I don’t know why you can’t keep it. But I advise you to check local ordinances.
    2
  6455. You are correct, north and east. Sorry if I misspoke.
    2
  6456. Thank you!
    2
  6457. He was neither devoted nor doting.
    2
  6458. Reportedly no- not at all. One reason that they had been missed by scientists is that the meat was so bad that when fishermen pulled one up they threw them away.
    2
  6459. Because Russia was moving towards war with Britain, and they were afraid they could not defend their North American territory. I tell the story in this episode: https://youtu.be/l1AKHDMoKXk
    2
  6460. https://youtu.be/zL0JHPD0uOk
    2
  6461. I tie my own.
    2
  6462. No, it comes from minerals. Urine was used by tanners to remove fat from hides.
    2
  6463. Yes, I think many would include the 1918 film in that discussion
    2
  6464. @ I grew up in the Mountain west.
    2
  6465. I left out quite many- there are hundreds of examples. The use of armor in the Spanish Civil War was really interesting, and hopefully will get its own episode.
    2
  6466. We've touched on his story many times. https://youtu.be/2JYBCqm7Dsg https://youtu.be/fVOFYDaD20I https://youtu.be/RjPNvbYX1Bw
    2
  6467. He certainly was demanding to be held
    2
  6468. It passed on May 20, it wasn’t reported until June 20.
    2
  6469. That has been on my list for a while. A ripping yarn!
    2
  6470. blacktar467899 The biographer who compared Reeves to the Lone Ranger was Art T. Burton in the book “Black Gun, Silver Star.”
    2
  6471. Agreed- so many more stories to tell.
    2
  6472.  @lewis7315  storms would have prevented celestial navigation. It wouldn’t be surprising to be off by dead reckoning in poor weather. Still, there are other possibilities than navigational error.
    2
  6473. Those are just animated logos- we use a different one each time
    2
  6474. A vaccine is somewhat different than variolation, although both are a type of inoculation. The substantive difference is that Jenner's vaccination used a weaker virus, and thus was safer. But you are correct that Jenner was not even the first to use cowpox as a form of inoculation for smallpox. Jenner is largely credited for being the first person to effectively prove that vaccination provided smallpox immunity via demonstration. It was his scientific approach that led to the widespread acceptance of vaccination. https://youtu.be/HIerjWCYOYc
    2
  6475. Happy Birthday!
    2
  6476. Passenger meaning "to pass by," a reference to their migratory habits.
    2
  6477. A flugelhorn is a type of valved bugle, but so is a cornet. The sound of the flugelhorn has been described as halfway between a trumpet and a French horn, whereas the cornet's sound is halfway between a trumpet and a flugelhorn.
    2
  6478. He was using the alias "Fred Dane."
    2
  6479. I've actually had Joaquin Murrietta on the list for a while. It is mot an easy story to boil down into short history- there is a lot of myth to unpack. but i am sure there will be an episode eventually.
    2
  6480. He was, yes. I meant to imply nothing more than a targeted killing.
    2
  6481. top banana no- one of the reasons for the class was that The London naval treaty regulations relaxed (under an emergency clause) after Japan abandoned the treaty limits.
    2
  6482. I am certainly not "Tsk Tsk" ing. I make no judgement of history.
    2
  6483. He was certainly the sort of guy to become a pirate.
    2
  6484. He was Pullman’s personal counsel, and is known to have protected him from a subpoena. He was not heavily implicated in the violence of the 1894 strike, but did lockout workers in a strike while he was president of the company,
    2
  6485. Yes, Fort Pulaski was named in honor of Casimir Pulaski.
    2
  6486. I haven't been a teacher for years. That is my office in my home.
    2
  6487. It is for road construction. It is in this Public Domain documentary on Henry Ford: https://archive.org/details/Freedomo1955
    2
  6488. Lol
    2
  6489. I deliberately gave only brief mention to the Thule accident because I intend to do an episode focusing on that accident.
    2
  6490. Adamman217 I’d have to see the reference to know. The reference I was using listed the death of Jim Zwayer. Just one death in some 53,000 flight hours is impressive, especially given the nature of the plane and the fact that twelve of the airframes were written off.
    2
  6491. Amazing story, and tragic death. https://youtu.be/XCgdU2oHt_0
    2
  6492. https://youtu.be/Isq1-htLiEk
    2
  6493. Thank you! I do my best to stay accurate. All the media used on the channel is in the public domain, and I can only work with what is available.
    2
  6494. I am not hostile to the metric system, but the channel audience is mostly American.
    2
  6495. Use this link: https://try.magellantv.com/historyguy
    2
  6496. We do need to add some new merch options.
    2
  6497. I am not usually one for favorites, but I would say Robert Smalls.
    2
  6498. Doug Williams he did, and was fairly vocal about that. When he chose to leave the role, he walked away from a very comfortable income, and it damaged his friendship with Nigel Bruce.
    2
  6499. The formula changed over time
    2
  6500. LOL no, not really. His device, and he was angry they did not let him develop it more, was not much more powered flight than would be throwing a pilot with a catapult. But that is an interesting connection. Thanks!
    2
  6501. I grew up watching Star Trek on TV and Star Wars in theaters. I’ll watch most anything sci-fi. But I was not so much recommending the show as noting that they actually did have an episode about a space zoo full of humans and other species.
    2
  6502. I grew up watching Star Trek on TV and Star Wars in theaters. I’ll watch most anything sci-fi. But I was not so much recommending the show as noting that they actually did have an episode about a space zoo full of humans and other species.
    2
  6503. He did, but eventually determined the effort to be futile.
    2
  6504. Yes. That was actually part of the defense case.
    2
  6505. Such as? There is the African forest elephant, whose historical range never seems to have reached North Africa or the Atlas mountains and which appears to be impossible to domesticate. Otherwise what evidence do you offer?
    2
  6506. I have not done an episode on Sequoyah yet. This is the episode where I spoke the most about Gallipoli: https://youtu.be/zL0JHPD0uOk
    2
  6507. Respectful, I generally disagree as to how the term came to be applied, and think I describe it correctly. The term coxswain was not derived from the officer being "cocky," but because the small boat was called a "cock," which was derived from the french word coque, which means canoe. The word "cocky," incidentally, is generally accepted to have derived from a cockatoo, not a rooster. I do stand by my description- the word was derived from the physical resemblance of a small and confined space below decks to the cockpit used in cock fighting. It was applied to airplanes and race cars because the space was, at least sometimes, used as the location to control the vessel. Young officers can certainly appear to be cocky, as can pilots and race car drivers, but that is not the etymology of the term.
    2
  6508. I have numerous waistcoats, and commonly wear them on videos. It is nothing new.
    2
  6509. Pookie
    2
  6510. Much of that reputation came after Kate Warne's time. But yes, she was a detective. She lied to people to gain their confidence, and then betrayed that friendship. The word "spy" does have negative connotations.
    2
  6511. Runs with a Fox it is called “Highway Wildflowers.”
    2
  6512. https://youtu.be/vSjlCJaEwZE
    2
  6513. This is a nostalgic look- there are several classes (sport wagons) today, and. as many mention, SUVs and crossovers are very like and might fit the technical definition. But they really little resemble a 1984 LTD Country Squire. The point is the experience, which certainly seems distinctly different.
    2
  6514. Oh please, I don't put on airs. Your Royal Highness is sufficient. ;)
    2
  6515. I certainly agree about habitat destruction, and mention that at the end. But I do think that you underestimate the effect of billions of forest animals on the forest composition. A hundred thousand years of forest evolution has meaning. The birds eat a number of things, but the season for Red Oak means that it was selected more commonly., thus favoring the White Oak. Scientists argue that the Red oak evolved larger acorns as a defense that protected some of its offspring from predation. But the birds also ate things like chestnuts and beechnuts and berries of all types, so the Red Oak would only have been a part of their diet. Just as important would have been the impact on fire frequency and intensity and the guano burying undergrowth. Both favor the White Oak. I disagree with the claim about transition forest in as much as, if we continue fire suppression the way we have, these forests will never likely transition into White Oak forests. And no, we will never get the same forests without the passenger pigeon than we had with it - they simply had too much effect.
    2
  6516. It depends where you are how well remembered it is. But, records were not kept in the same way as in Europe, and much of the history was destroyed by colonialism.
    2
  6517. Thanks!
    2
  6518. https://youtu.be/Q4OcWac9jJQ
    2
  6519. Joe Stephan they had no support teams- the mechanics would fix the cars at night. They were able to telegraph (and got some assistance from newspapermen) to set up parts and supplies along the route. There are stories of competition for fuel, amazing bricolage repairs and hundred mile trips in mule carts to get parts.
    2
  6520. This mission? https://youtu.be/-oITV9UGVPU
    2
  6521. Thanks for the suggestions, Lucian. I've added them to our list of possible topics. Please note that due to the large number of suggestions we receive, your ideas may or may not be used.
    2
  6522. It was a Father's Day gift from my sons.
    2
  6523. https://youtu.be/PB4cNn0A4-0
    2
  6524. spacecadet35 the original reactor was small enough that it could be dismantled and moved. These were all experimental reactors. I say in the conclusion that an independent panel linked hundreds of cancer deaths to pollution at SSFL, but that would not necessarily be from radiation, as there were many contaminants leaked into the environment. The report is here: http://www.ssflpanel.org/files/SSFLPanelReport.pdf
    2
  6525. https://youtu.be/H0lOq5pGzcw
    2
  6526. Good catch. Sorry for the error.
    2
  6527. SFC Retired you might be talking about National Airlines flight 193. The airplane did not ditch per se, rather, the crew became confused about altitude and the plane crashed in the bay. Three passengers drowned in the incident. That crash is part of the reason that crews now give instructions about the location of flotation devices even if the route is not an extended over-water flight.
    2
  6528. Another interesting Cold War story.
    2
  6529. I am perplexed here- the Citizen's United decision struck down a 2002 law that was, obviously, not applicable in 1931.
    2
  6530. Actually, at the time it was the Army Air Force. Yes, the WASP operated under the name Women Airforce Service Pilots.
    2
  6531. The two we have already spend much of their time in mothballs. Another issue is that the medical crews are mostly reservists. So, when the boat is called into active status, it does offer a large hospital, but the medical staff are mostly called up from people who work at local medical facilities.
    2
  6532. Sorry- that was a bit unclear. He took command of his regiment - the 33rd regiment of foot- in 1813, and led them at the battle, which was in 1815.
    2
  6533. LOL I don't think so.
    2
  6534. bliztix2 that is a pretty awesome job.
    2
  6535. Yes, it is a copy based on the movie. A gift from a fan.
    2
  6536. https://youtu.be/xtALN8S79CY?si=DtxJcwTKvM0171k9
    2
  6537. Yes, they gave us five complete pairs.
    2
  6538. It was intended as a distraction that would prevent the defenders from concentrating their fire on the real attack.
    2
  6539. He was suggesting that he could have done better.
    2
  6540. All three were killed by their captors.
    2
  6541. The timeline is roughly the same- at least in terms of national standards. The first National Conference on Street and Highway Safety was held in 1924 and their first manual published in 1930. Pretty much all standards for street markings have flowed from there.
    2
  6542. Thank you for your service!
    2
  6543. It is a clock. The previous one didn't function, and people commented on that, so I got one that works.
    2
  6544. martialme84 In this case I disagree. The name is usually spelled Cnute or Canute, and multiple pronunciation guides show the pronunciation of Cnut the Great to be “Canute.”
    2
  6545. Mostly they use water
    2
  6546. https://youtu.be/wG7kS1qBGVY?si=RRGPS57Qr52YOhcd
    2
  6547. He was an interesting guy, and a mathematician was not typical for Popes. We may come back to him in a future episode.
    2
  6548. Many are…
    2
  6549. You would think 1000 rounds would be enough…
    2
  6550. The flight was supposed to terminate in Australia, so the passengers got to their destination.
    2
  6551. We didn't use a single code- it was not like breaking enigma. A code being used by the US Naval attache in Alexandria was compromised.
    2
  6552. It is a tragic story, and I only had time for a brief mention here. I hope to talk about it more fully in a future episode.
    2
  6553. https://youtu.be/kSrcoBxVF-Q
    2
  6554. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0046029/
    2
  6555. @Chris Longski this video was produced over three years ago
    2
  6556. I am very sorry to have excluded Lt O'Hagen. Apparently the list I used was incomplete. I have added a pinned comment, and his name has been added to the list for when we repost the episode in the future. Thank you for bringing the omission to my attention.
    2
  6557. Correct.
    2
  6558. Green represented the Independence movement, which eventually became more associated Irish Catholics.
    2
  6559. Dee - all of the episodes in this podcast are available here in the typical format. Tortoise: https://youtu.be/1tyJniqvqeg Horse: https://youtu.be/w3PekI7QzcE Bear: https://youtu.be/hZgyDPhfipA
    2
  6560. Not at all comparable- Glacier was trapped for six days, Endurance was trapped until the spring thaw crushed her hull. There was a concern that Glacier might have to over-winter like Endurance, but they managed to avoid it.
    2
  6561. That is the most common etymological explanation, but it lacks documentation.
    2
  6562. Maybe-
    2
  6563. The cut the logs to pieces and dragged the pieces with teams of oxen.
    2
  6564. LuvBorderCollies it is an airship, circa 1914
    2
  6565. In fact, the episode does mention that exact point. But, of course, this is a video on the stroke, not the treaty debate. I am sorry that you were confused as to the topic of the video.
    2
  6566. The term came from a Australian tourism campaign, making it all the more ironic that they used the name "shrimp."
    2
  6567. When you enter another nation's territorial waters at Battle Stations with planes launched you are in direct violation of the legal definition of innocent passage. The RN plan also deliberately chose a provocative route, and included maneuver instructions that can not have been taken as "innocent." The fact was recognized by Hartley Shawcross, the UK Attorney General, who was in charge of arguing the case in the Hague, when he saw the RN documents on the passage route. There were simply many facets of the plan that were a clear violation of the rules of innocent passage. In the end Shawcross agreed with the decision to deliberately withhold the evidence from the ICJ only by reasoning “my country […] right or wrong, my country’." Good discussion here: https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/cwihp_wp_70_burning_secrets_of_the_corfu_channel_incident.pdf
    2
  6568. PelenTan firat, the answer is yes, the RN ships chose paths that would not have been taken by merchant vessels and that were intended to provoke response. Traversing territorial waters at battle stations and with planes launched is a black letter violation of the rules of innocent passage. This is not post facto revisionism. The documents clearly show that the government, and especially the man assigned to argue the case on behalf of the UK to the ICJ, realized that the RN actions did not meet the definition of innocent passage. The documents were withheld from the court at the time literally because the UK fully recognized that they would undermine the case. This, of course, does not exonerate Albania at all. The mines certainly could have threatened ships engaging in innocent passage. Hoxha flatly lied about his role for decades knowing the implications of telling the truth. In the end, the reparations paid were a token $2 million USD, paid at a time of friendship when it hardly mattered anymore.
    2
  6569. Nothing is "light" when they are shooting at you.
    2
  6570. Also has a CCV.
    2
  6571. Planned for Monday
    2
  6572. dugroz according to the National Park Service the torch has been closed since the explosion. They account for the people who remember climbing to the torch as them confusing it with the climb to the crown.
    2
  6573. You can watch YouTube on your television. ;)
    2
  6574. Galvars I hope they do- it deserves to be found.
    2
  6575. An awful disaster- something we don't even consider when talking about school safety. It definitely deserves to be remembered.
    2
  6576. Actually no, the Queen is descended from Wellesley's first wife, Hyacinthe-Gabrielle Wellesley. Arthur Wellesley and Marianne Caton Patterson had no children together.
    2
  6577. I don’t know what you are trying to imply, but Senegal was one of the most significant centers of the triangle trade. https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/26/
    2
  6578. The formula has changed. But I wouldn't take any from an old bottle...
    2
  6579. I don't know coordinates, but the Aviation Safety Network lists the location as 6,5 km (4.1 mls) NW of Sunland, Los Angeles, CA. I am not sure exactly what you mean by placement, but it was a near head on collision.
    2
  6580. Ronald Fazekas that is a fair comment. The Army Air Corps was officially dissolved in 1941 and replaced by the Army Air Force in order to provide more independent command. However, while not an administrative echelon, the Air Corps remained one of the combat arms of the Army until 1947, and I don’t think that Col Elsmore would be offended by the title.
    2
  6581. The Virginians were captured by Natives. The French role was, more or less, to turn a blind eye to the behavior as they needed to maintain the alliances. Stobo reported in a letter that the men were "offered for sale for 40 pistoles each." (referenced here: https://www.americanheritage.com/fantastic-adventures-captain-stobo.)
    2
  6582. The thinking is that the original drawing showed the sword coming from behind his head as well- that is, he was simply holding his sword to his side. Over time, the other side of the sword was lost- dropped when recopying cards, thus giving the appearance that he was stabbing himself in the face.
    2
  6583. Correct, largely seen as retaliation for Masseria's murder.
    2
  6584. I don't really change the style. It grows, My wife cuts it. It grows again.
    2
  6585. Honestly, until recently there hadn't been enough interest to make it seem worthwhile. Yes, that is something I have been thinking on.
    2
  6586. I think I used the American version once by mistake. Sorry for that.
    2
  6587. Good to know.
    2
  6588. I have over 100 hats.
    2
  6589. That was my best buddy Pookie. Sadly he is no longer with us.
    2
  6590. The first solo transatlantic flight.
    2
  6591. Yes. It lacked the plutonium core, but included uranium and conventional explosives. The crew reported that they had jettisoned the bomb over the ocean, and that the conventional explosives had detonated, although there is some reason to question that account. No part of the weapon has ever been recovered.
    2
  6592. I might produce a separate episode about refrigeration in the future.
    2
  6593. Different petticoats.
    2
  6594. Sorry, yes, water tight.
    2
  6595. That is one theory, although a solar flare has never been known to start a fire on Earth. Fire was used carelessly at the time- there are many ways that it may have started.
    2
  6596. The Germans and Japanese also had targeting computers, but the literature suggests that the American version was far more effective. However, you can become too dependent upon technology. The reason that Taiho was only hit with one torpedo was because the TDC had broken on the USS Albacore.
    2
  6597. My mistake.
    2
  6598. I totally get that- I do love the smell of fresh cut grass. I don't know exactly when mowing went from a joy to a burden with me, but it did. Enjoy spring!
    2
  6599. Steven Littleton I assume there must be technical challenges for a cofferdam at its location.
    2
  6600. I have honestly avoided the Liberty incident- there are such strong feelings on both sides regarding what happened
    2
  6601. Choco Latte LOL
    2
  6602. Alfred Morency there are many possible etymologies for the term, and it likely predates Joseph McCoy. We do know the term was used in reference to him. However, the association with Elijah McCoy and his oiler is almost certainly a false etymology. There is no contemporary record of the term being used to refer to him or his oiler. The first such claim actually appeared in a magazine ad in the 1960s, and that seems to have been the genesis of the myth. Don't get me wrong- Elijah McCoy was en extraordinary inventor with a compelling story (that may well be an episode some day.) He was, by the meaning of the term, the real McCoy. But no, he was not the genesis of the term.
    2
  6603. LOL I said I enjoyed the game, but I did not say I was good at it...
    2
  6604. But they are easy to find...
    2
  6605. I have a lot of bow ties, but not so many that I don’t repeat.
    2
  6606. They did not realize how badly damaged the Cimbria was, and were focused on the damage to their own ship.
    2
  6607. I suspect we are- Bradford is my mother’s maiden name. Feel free to email thg@thehistoryguy.net.
    2
  6608. Jason LeClare https://youtu.be/E2383ElpU4U
    2
  6609. I wish I knew. We spend a lot of time deleting that trash.
    2
  6610. After handing the operation over to Capone, Torrio spent time in Italy, returned to the US and operated various businesses, spent two years in prison for tax evasion, and died of a heart attack in Brooklyn in 1957 at the age of 75.
    2
  6611.  @labattomy  his name is Pocky.
    2
  6612. The solution has actually caused controversy and violence itself.
    2
  6613. It is an interesting story. They mostly took lodging. The current residence was donated to the federal government.
    2
  6614. You can read The Man-Eaters of Tsavo free here courtesy the Public Library of India: https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.37068
    2
  6615. There is quite often one in the room. They visit regularly for the Friday live chats at TheHistoryGuyGuild.Locals.com
    2
  6616. We are continuing to post videos on our regular schedule, which is quite demanding and hardly needs "fertilizing." We have been producing the podcasts for two months, and are not also posting them on YouTube because some viewers asked for them to be posted here.
    2
  6617. It is unclear what happened to the crew, but one story, at least, has them being killed by the foresters after abandoning the tank.
    2
  6618. Care for a nice game of chess?
    2
  6619. Patronage is mostly a way to support The History Guy. I produce one exclusive episode a month, and you can watch The History Guy YouTube episodes without the ads.
    2
  6620. Secessionists in Kentucky formed a shadow government, which was represented by a star on the confederate battle flag. Kentucky units of the Confederate army were, presumably, loyal to that government. Breckinridge’s father was a staunch unionist, and his choice to enlist in the Confederate army created a permanent rift between them. Ironically, given his confederate service, he was a vocal advocate of racial equality in congress. A prominent Black attorney offered to defend him in the Pollard case in recognition of his support for education for Black Americans.
    2
  6621. I use a Shure Mv7+ microphone. Do you have a better suggestion? I readily admit that I am not a sound guy.
    2
  6622. It was, at least, a link in the chain of European conflicts that drove the American revolution.
    2
  6623. It is a good story- and the done by the Bombay Army as well.
    2
  6624. We are up to part 5 and still not finished...
    2
  6625. Bullettube excellent point.
    2
  6626. em1o smurf different kitty
    2
  6627. The name of the cab driver is in H.J. Weaver’s book Nightmare at Scapa Flow. Prien had reported the cab and lights, and Weaver was able to determine that local garage owner and cab driver Robbie Tullock was driving some people to a local dance at that time.
    2
  6628. It mostly involves insisting that he hasn't been fed.
    2
  6629. Thank you!
    2
  6630. I’ve started to write a script on him before, but the ending is just too tragic.
    2
  6631. No, I have never worked for NPR. I did do an interview for St Louis public radio, but we did not discuss politics.
    2
  6632. They have two tanks from the movie Fury.
    2
  6633. LOL, what else would you call him? His last name was "Sherman." https://www.thepilot.com/obituaries/william-g-sherman/article_291e1610-4120-11e9-af58-eb4c6887ce8f.html
    2
  6634. That is the most common interpretation today, but subterfuge would not be uncommon or unbelievable.
    2
  6635. I have no idea. Good question.
    2
  6636. SirRageAlot VII in what context? I would say that, as with any part of history, it requires some nuance to understand their impacts, for good and for ill. Both were brutal in their own ways.
    2
  6637. steve shoemaker not directly, although commerce raiders and submarines were sometimes described similarly.
    2
  6638. There is nothing revisionist in the episode. The exact reasons for their hostility towards strangers is unknown- the Andamanese do not write. While they were likely mistreated by Arab slavers, we also know direct incidents of where they were friendly to European shipwreck survivors and only became hostile after those survivors themselves mistreated them. We know that they seem to stick arrows in any stranger regardless of color. And, of course, the people firing volleys into them that day were British. People who understand history do not excuse the misdeeds of pale faces because their faces are pale. I did not intent to take sides in the episode. Rather, the point is to say that what constitutes a "savage" is likely in the eye of the beholder. I have significant issues with revisionist historians who seem to have a political agenda. But the response is not to ignore the complexities of history.
    2
  6639. The Royal navy gave up the practice after Napoleon abdicated in 1814. But they did not repudiate the practice.
    2
  6640. No, that is not what the term referred to. I
    2
  6641. Missouri goes out of its way to pronounce things weirdly.
    2
  6642. that is a fair question. As the Confederacy had occupied the port batteries and taken the federal arsenal, it is difficult to imagine that the fort could have held out, or have been supplied, in the long run. But the fort might have put up a much more significant defense, and have held out for a greater period of time.
    2
  6643. This was an early episode…
    2
  6644. Sure sounds like it
    2
  6645. Handsome fella.
    2
  6646. Yes, although somewhat differently. Canadian Thanksgiving Day is the second Monday in October.
    2
  6647. Monday. While this is the first we described as a two-parter, we've had other videos that intersect.
    2
  6648. This episode is specifically about accidents that happened as a result of the specific operation Chrome Dome. I am guessing that you mean this accident: https://youtu.be/p0gRHgwSGhE
    2
  6649. I did not intend it to be a full history of the DC series.
    2
  6650. Lol different guy.
    2
  6651. You saw the only one still in existence there. Awesome museum!
    2
  6652. https://youtu.be/Yflae06K3VE?si=PlbPw8cwb3Mb-WOM
    2
  6653. LOL that would be awesome!
    2
  6654. The author is Thom Powell. He dedicated the book to his father, but the book itself is about sasquatch. https://www.amazon.com/Shady-Neighbors-Thom-Powell/dp/1456366637
    2
  6655. Ericsson was a true genius. I have not done a full episode on him, but discuss him in some depth here: https://youtu.be/EsqhAJyit1M
    2
  6656. Did you click the notification bell for subscribers?
    2
  6657. I am like 99.999% sure that Bridget Cleary was not a changeling. Seriously, I do not mean to denigrate anyone's beliefs, and try to keep an open mind about all sorts of things. But this was a terrible example of what goes wrong with blind faith.
    2
  6658. I actually rarely drink, but am a G & T guy.
    2
  6659. There are only a couple of images of Just Nuisance, not enough to support an episode. That is why I chose to use the photos that viewers kindly submitted of their pets. It is, after all, a story of the loyalty and love of Man's Best Friend.
    2
  6660. You are very welcome!
    2
  6661. We continue to post videos every Monday, Wednesday and Friday in addition to the podcast format every other Tuesday.
    2
  6662. 650 inches. Sorry for the error.
    2
  6663. The only woman to be awarded the Medal of Honor. https://youtu.be/VzObHsRsOx0
    2
  6664. That is a fair point, as I should have clarified to make production.
    2
  6665. I misspoke. It was flight 96.
    2
  6666. Yes, that was me on an episode of The UnXplained.
    2
  6667. It is in the collection of the Tate Museum. If I read correctly, it is on display in the Walk Through British Art section.
    2
  6668. LOL wasn't me.
    2
  6669. The name was derived from the "Skonk Works" in the L'il Abnr comic. The reason for choosing that mane was the stink from the plastics plant.
    2
  6670. LOL I'd still watch it...
    2
  6671. Respectfully, I think the evidence is more compelling that the Maine was neither a Spanish attack or a false flag, but and accident caused by placing the coal bunkers next to the ammunition supply. It was certainly a dubious pretext for war, but I think that is the commonly accepted viewpoint among American historians and generally what is taught at US institutions. I
    2
  6672. It was a mutli-agency task force covering a wide area. The operation was run through the Shiawassee county Sheriff's Department, but Williams was a Flint-City detective and Brown was under contract with Flint-City. As mentioned in the episode, multiple other Departments were involved. No matter how you want to define a metro area, these communities were all dependent upon the auto-industry and caught up in the so-called decline of Detroit.
    2
  6673. They all spin fine, yes. But they need direct light, so not so much up on the shelf.
    2
  6674. To be clear, I espouse no political agenda of any kind reporting on this historical event. I have talked about extreme weather of all kinds. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGisAUaVEPrH55IJ05M329Hn
    2
  6675. Were is not for the TV show M*A*S*H I doubt that 10% of Americans would know it even happened.
    2
  6676. Well, you need to get over that. It is silly.
    2
  6677. Well, I am not Bill Nye, and my ties should not suffer for his failings.
    2
  6678. Then I'd get all sorts of complaints from the people who love the bow ties.
    2
  6679. Evelyn Nielsen Wood, the educator who developed the speed reading technique, was a woman from Utah.
    2
  6680. They were still brave, and they still sacrificed.
    2
  6681. That was called the Grand Review of the Armies. The purpose was supposedly to improve the mood in the capital, which was still mourning the death of Lincoln. If they were trying to intimidate anyone, it was more likely any Confederate hangers on. But yes, the US did apply significant diplomatic pressure on Napoleon III to remove French support for Maximilian, and it was successful. I talk about that in this episode: https://youtu.be/aiRkoEn6me4
    2
  6682. LOL yes, Fremont county. Rural even by Wyoming standards.
    2
  6683. That is a great story, but decades before Actium. We'll get to it another time.
    2
  6684. Shari Klein an episode about the renovation of Paris is about the US? I generally use the measures that were applied to the historical event.
    2
  6685. Shari Klein an episode about the renovation of Paris is about the US? I generally use the measures that were applied to the historical event.
    2
  6686. Happy Birthday!
    2
  6687. Yes it is. 1970s vintage.
    2
  6688. TNT doesn't care much about water.
    2
  6689. Not specifically yet, but I did talk about Rome in context of the Punic wars. https://youtu.be/yLUEL-YbGcc
    2
  6690. PelenTan I correctly defined baryonic mass.
    2
  6691. They were built at the Boeing plant in Renton as well. The plane was so complex that there were four main assembly plants. In the end the "battle" was in Kansas because the Wichita plant had the most experience.
    2
  6692. He was, and the episode discusses his astrology. But he was also an astronomer, a supporter of Copernican theory.
    2
  6693. Sure do!
    2
  6694. I had to make a fix to the last five seconds.
    2
  6695. Correct. I am sorry that I misspoke.
    2
  6696. Yes. The war of 1812 lasted three and a half years, from June 1812 to February 1815.
    2
  6697. IMDb claims that there is a project, but no release date has been given.
    2
  6698. It is more complex than that. They eventually plead guilty and paid a fine, but later said it was because the state was threatening to deport Mrs. Heene. To this day they deny the accusations. The discussion of the court case just seemed too far afield for the video. I think there are people on both sides, but I don't have a personal stand on the subject. But yes, the whole event seemed, frankly, as they say today, "sus."
    2
  6699. Not all of his work was cubist.
    2
  6700. john gibson I am sure we’ll have many more episodes on Malta.
    2
  6701. It is a horsehair plume on a helmet of the Life Guards of the Household Cavalry.
    2
  6702. That was Anna Jarvis' complaint.
    2
  6703. LOL engine blocks- obscure reference there!
    2
  6704. Don K I mention it in this episode. I might cone back to it for another episode. Mad Anthony Wayne is an interesting fellow. https://youtu.be/ZhpLg168Pbo
    2
  6705. Sorry to hear that.
    2
  6706. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjSBAMdCw6IkjVeVoKET_bu
    2
  6707. It is actually a standard bow- just like you use to tie your shoes.
    2
  6708. Thank you!
    2
  6709.  @goodchessactor  the mutiny was really against the committee. Nonetheless, the event has been commonly called “the mutiny on the Matoika” since the 1930s.
    2
  6710. Happy Birthday!
    2
  6711. https://youtu.be/EDze-NIz3Qs
    2
  6712. Have ridden that ferry many times.
    2
  6713. Thank you! I do genuinely enjoy and play the game, and wouldn't accept a sponsor whose product I did not endorse.
    2
  6714. Well, he did hijack a boat to escape prison. That is pretty much piracy.
    2
  6715. Happy anniversary!
    2
  6716. Merle Morrison I have not- if you play with fire bats, you might get burned...
    2
  6717. The "special relationship" can largely be attributed to the nineteenth century diplomacy of John Hay. https://youtu.be/-KonIudN2F4
    2
  6718. It is- his name is Poky.
    2
  6719.  @frenzalrhomb6919  no worries. It is an interesting discussion. Shorts have shifted the ground at YT, and some of us are scrambling to figure out the TikTok format. I don’t know that we’ve fully figured out shorts yet. But the shorts get a lot of views, and whenever we post them we get a boost on the related video.
    2
  6720. They did, and we may eventually produce an episode that includes Canadian involvement in the war. However, Canadian forces did not arrive in Korea until February 1951, after the events described in this episode. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjsQhkGslJuB3pRlmo_ppLV
    2
  6721. Yes, the wreck of the old 97 is famous, quite an image of destruction.
    2
  6722. It is a history channel. Literally called “The History Guy.”
    2
  6723. The US demanded that Britain arrest them as pirates. Britain did an investigation and determined that now laws of war were broken and released them unconditionally. We only know what happened to a few, but some, including James Waddell, eventually returned to the US after tensions had died down. None were ever tried for purported crimes committed while on the Shenandoah.
    2
  6724. As the episode explains, the Gaspee affair was the culmination of a series of events. The first shots were fired in July, 1764 against HMS St John- more than a decade before April of 1775.
    2
  6725. A complex period that I do plan to cover in future episodes.
    2
  6726. Russell Wagner that depends on the day, but not many, no.
    2
  6727. Texas has twin 14’ turrets. But for the ships mounting three gun turrets, all three guns do not fire simultaneously. There is a tiny delay between firing- small enough that they may appear to be firing at the same time. The delay is not because firing all the guns simultaneously would damage the ship or turrets. The delay is so that the shells do not interfere with each other at the point of impact.
    2
  6728. In the Militia it might simply have meant that he was a man of means and education. Likely he helped to raise the company.
    2
  6729. Correct- those were the ports from which the wealth of the colonies left for Europe. Caribbean pirates were called pirates of the Spanish Main because they preyed on those ships.
    2
  6730. LOL yes, it is a work of fiction.
    2
  6731. Thank you!
    2
  6732. Brad Miller that has generated a lot of discussion. The old intro was only eight seconds. People who were watching several episodes in a row were more likely to complain about it. In the end what convinced me is that it really isn’t necessary.
    2
  6733. Still available from numerous brands.
    2
  6734. It is a fair point that he benefitted from familial connections. But, as far as “whimsy” goes, he didn’t exactly choose a comfortable life.
    2
  6735. Yes, an interesting battle with interesting history. That was the battle where Nelson held his telescope up to his blind eye and famously claimed that he could not see the signal to stop firing. I do plan to tell that story eventually.
    2
  6736. I am sure it is very useful.
    2
  6737. I don’t control the ads.
    2
  6738. I have not seen any record of what they did for him. I assume they must have recognized him somehow.
    2
  6739. Kind of. Our coinage is decimal, and I have a quarter in my pocket.
    2
  6740. I showed every public domain image of an Aloha 737 I could find.
    2
  6741. Lol yes- we’ll get a new pic.
    2
  6742. Yes, addiction is what did him in. Still, he was famous for his trouble with horses.
    2
  6743. One news story mentioned that one listed on eBay at the time for $5000. I was not able to find what the final disposition was. Several contemporary news stories showed several that had been collected by Boston police, so they weren't all blown up by the bomb squad. I suspect those are still in a police evidence locker somewhere. But some hundreds were taken down among the other nine cities where they had been posted. I have no idea what happened to those, but you would think they would have value today.
    2
  6744. Agreed- the Star Tiger would not have been in the "triangle." The ghost ship Carrol A Deering. (subject of another episode of THG) is often included despite being found off Cape Hatteras. In fact, it is difficult to account for losses in the "triangle" because there is no official recognition of it, so no official counts. Too, "mysterious disappearances" occur in other parts of the world as well.
    2
  6745. He was quite content, but not so much so that he hung around to tape the conclusion. Pocky is quite emphatic in his opinions, if he didn’t want to be held you’d have known.
    2
  6746. The mortars had an advantage. Unlike the rifled cannon, the mortars could fire any direction. Thus, they were not crippled by the fact that the defenses had been built to defend the harbor from naval attack rather than an attack from land. However, while the mortars did see service late in the campaign, their impact was limited. They had short supply of ammunition, and were vulnerable to both air and artillery attack. Although the Manila defenses were not technically Endicott era, they had many similarities with the Endicott forts. In terms of the actual ordnance, most of the pieces in the US were destroyed when they were decommissioned, so the Philippines is one of the best places to actually view the guns.
    2
  6747. I will be doing an updated on the Thala video just so I can take another shot at pronouncing Derbyshire.
    2
  6748. That is the goal- I intended for it to be a channel about forgotten history, not one tied a specific era. In this case, the topic was suggested by a viewer, which actually reminded me, as I had seen the Alexander EagleRock on display at the Denver International Airport. I gather a lot just be research and pure curiosity (this channel allows me to indulge my passion for history.) I also get suggestions from friends and family, and of course my viewers.
    2
  6749. You are confusing him with "Wrong Way" Roy Riegels who ran the wrong way in the 1929 Rose Bowl. That may well be another episode.
    2
  6750. That referred to the Fritz-X radio guided anti-ship glide bomb. The weapon was deployed by medium bombers and was used several times in 1943, notably to sink the Italian flag ship Roma after the surrender.
    2
  6751.  @MrCellophane60613  Hedy was working for us, not the Germans. https://youtu.be/nbZnrseHihI
    2
  6752. westinthewest yes, fatalities were measured month to month.
    2
  6753. It is an interesting and significant story almost unknown in the west. I am working on an episode. But I do write for a western audience. Any biases are not intentional, but there is only so far a Yank can go trying to speak for the people of Manipur.
    2
  6754. I wish I knew. Possibly something like morphine.
    2
  6755. MrPh30 correct- Pepsi had exclusive rights to marketing and distribution of Stolichnaya in the west after 1972. There have been a number of suits over the brand since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, but I think that Pepsi still has the marketing rights in the US.
    2
  6756.  @johnfarmakis8518  thank you!
    2
  6757. We talked about the Fu-Go balloons in this episode: https://youtu.be/tWx6gufENSs
    2
  6758. James Upham actually it depends upon when you went to grade school. If you were in fifth grade past 1979 you most likely always thought Neptune was the ninth planet. But, in fact, that is precisely why I added the line “at the time.”
    2
  6759. Gary Cooper the point was to make them visible. Their goal was to drive the U-boats away.
    2
  6760. The story is more likely that Tarot was developed from the playing deck rather than the reverse. We may do a separate episode on the development and history of the Tarot.
    2
  6761. I would love to have a uniform hat from the Hello Girls- a rare item indeed.
    2
  6762.  @elizabethmusso5946  yes, he was the famous broadcaster’s grandfather.
    2
  6763. Unca Reid we have used both BC/AD and BCE/CE on the channel. We see it as, essentially an unwinnable debate, especially ironic since both are actually based on the same calculation. I can say that we intend and imply no political or religious statement.
    2
  6764. My pleasure! Nice to meet you! You are a brave man- I assume the crackers did not cause "gastrointestinal distress?"
    2
  6765. Up-armoring an existing armored vehicle is usually called "improvised armor." I hear that it was done extensively in Iraq, but was also quite common in WWII. Thank you for your service!
    2
  6766. The visuals are all in the public domain, which usually leaves me with only low quality maps available. I would describe them as more illustrations than references.
    2
  6767. I don’t do politics
    2
  6768. How can you say that? The cover photo looks just like THE BIG BOARD.
    2
  6769. Well, Saratoga brought recognition by the French, without which the French intervention at the Chesapeake wouldn’t have happened. But Yorktown was really a greater turning point than Saratoga- the war could still easily have been lost after Saratoga. So it is difficult to rank either victory above the other.
    2
  6770. Yes, both were named after the same Timms.
    2
  6771. https://teespring.com/new-history-guy-pirates?tsmac=store&tsmic=the-history-guy&pid=369&cid=6512
    2
  6772. That is, roughly, the case. Although there is historical context there.
    2
  6773. He loves it.
    2
  6774. This is my first. And congrats yourself!
    2
  6775. It is correct that Great Britain sent forces over in both World Wars ostensibly to guarantee Belgian neutrality. It is an interesting counterfactual to speculate on whether the British entry into the wars was, thus, avoidable.
    2
  6776.  @elgatofelix8917  it actually depends- but certainly today it would still be called current events. This isn’t a news channel.
    2
  6777. The helmet is a Russian type GSh- 6A high altitude pressure helmet.
    2
  6778. This is the 1975 article in Smithsonian magazine. The arms experts at the Smithsonian concluded that the hair trigger was “surreptitious,” and the pistols should have been disqualified for use in duels. https://www.aaronburrassociation.org/post/smithsonian-article-on-alexander-hamilton-s-trick-pistols
    2
  6779. Thsnk you!
    2
  6780. While there is no clear record of what happened to the original car the Clift built and drove, it was not, apparently, preserved.
    2
  6781. LOL I would hazard a guess that it you will never see it the same color twice in a row.
    2
  6782. Respectfully you are misrepresenting this statistic. The majority of those men were not killed in the war. It is roughly true that something approaching 80% of males in the Soviet Union born in 1923 did not survive the Second World War. But nearly two thirds of those died before the war started, in a period when infant mortality was high, and starvation, disease and political violence were common in the Soviet Union. It represents how deadly the time was in the Soviet Union, but it is not a war statistic so much as a measure of a generally dangerous time to live..
    2
  6783. Exactly.
    2
  6784. Jack Dillinger that is one of the theories, although not one of the more likely ones.
    2
  6785. Yes, millions do.
    2
  6786. That is a fair question.
    2
  6787. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGiJhn3DtbRiBQBeVObz0CXB New podcasts are posted every other Tuesday and located wherever podcasts are found. We upload episodes to YouTube the alternating Tuesdays.
    2
  6788. The popular story, although questionably true, was that John Montagu, the First Lord of the Admiralty, was skimming from the navy to pay his gambling debts.
    2
  6789.  @michaelb2106  the point of the comment is that they have little food value. You wouldn’t eat or cultivate chiles to stave off starvation.
    2
  6790. That story is told in this episode: https://youtu.be/gOxuoJHPCJA
    2
  6791. The episode is correct. Every fourth year is a leap year, and we skip every twenty fifth leap year. But yes, I did leave out the further adjustment that years evenly divisible by 400 are still leap years. That is, years evenly divisible by 4 are leap years unless they are evenly divisible by 100, in which case they are not a leap year unless evenly divisible by 400.
    2
  6792. We invented the technology to create and use fire for our own purposes
    2
  6793. LOL I tried a translation program on this. Did you intend to say: "I'm getting you greasy. your color is up to the coconut?" If so, i am not exactly sure what you mean by that. ;)
    2
  6794. David LoganSr certainly many people study the era, and I did not mean to imply otherwise. But it gets short-shrift in public and higher education.
    2
  6795. Halford said in his account that the boat was off the Bay of Halalea on the north coast when it capsized. Sorry, but I can’t find reference in any of the newspapers saying exactly where he came ashore.
    2
  6796. I do videos from all over, but I do currently live in Southern Illinois
    2
  6797. The event is noted in the episode's conclusion. There was actually a risk of toilet paper shortage due to increased export of wood pulp.
    2
  6798. I don’t hate getting paid for my efforts
    2
  6799. By no means did I list them all.
    2
  6800. https://youtu.be/db1u5fdIegY
    2
  6801. Thank you!
    2
  6802. French’s mustard.
    2
  6803. All episodes of The History Guy have been filmed with pants on.
    2
  6804. joshuaoha I was not intending to suggest anything as mechanistic as that this accident caused the Civil War. Rather, I am suggesting this accident affected the timing of significant events, including a presidential election. Counterfactuals are always a challenging, but I personally disagree that the Civil War was necessarily inevitable.
    2
  6805. Please send an email to thg@thehistoryguy.net to talk details
    2
  6806. Maybe a tad higher...
    2
  6807. lefthandcigg 425 that is from the 1790 census.
    2
  6808. The assumption was carelessness around the powder- it was a common risk.
    2
  6809. Elizabeth Bislen's boss tried to "cheat" as well, bribing the shipping company to delay the departure of her last steamship so that she could make it. But she never got word, and so missed it anyway, thinking it had already left.
    2
  6810.  @bunnyluve  wouldn’t be surprised.
    2
  6811. I have noticed the similarity.
    2
  6812. Presumably yes.
    2
  6813. We refer to all of them as collectively “The History Cats.” This one is Pocky.
    2
  6814. Correct- he had a cobbler shop there.
    2
  6815. That is a good idea- we'll look into it. But we do move them around quite a lot.
    2
  6816.  @sandybarnes887  we do some exclusive content for patrons on Patreon and members on YouTube, and that content is often centered around hats and other items on the set. Those all eventually come to the regular channel, but usually months later. If you want to see them sooner, please consider becoming a patron. As always, I am happy to answer viewer questions regarding any of the items on set.
    2
  6817.  @ELCADAROSA  Ms History Guy calls moving the set items “shaking the snow globe.” I have a lot of junk and a huge number of hats to play with...
    2
  6818. @Sandy Barnes that is fine, we don’t require anyone to contribute, and I was not meaning to push. Those videos do all get to YouTube eventually. And, again, if you have a question about any particular set item, I am happy to answer! https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhaqf9Nk_fkzRlQNrsB2iMb
    2
  6819. Aww. Thanks!
    2
  6820. One of many nicknames, and the one on the sign as you enter the state.
    2
  6821. According to the official FAQ, the largest problem is uncontrolled children.
    2
  6822. She enjoys color.
    2
  6823. https://youtu.be/HjEfCKZDGUE
    2
  6824. I don't know- the NTSB report doesn't say anything about why there were so few on the flight.
    2
  6825. We post videos every Monday, Wednesday and Friday.
    2
  6826. The Nigerian Civil War is certainly neglected in the teaching of history in the west,
    2
  6827. They do not.
    2
  6828. Many of the monitors were mothballed, but they were designed for coastal defense. Interestingly, one of the tasks of the White Squadron was to return the body of John Ericsson to Sweden. The five ships constructed as a response to the Virginius affair were, technically, refits of Civil War monitors. However, in reality they were essentially new ships. They were iron rather than steel and, typical of monitors, had large guns for their size and little armor. They weren't really "modern" warships, but did see service in the Spanish American war.
    2
  6829. Just spring allergies. Nature doesn't like me.
    2
  6830. Very often they do.
    2
  6831. They are turned on on our end. The issue may be a YouTube problem.
    2
  6832. Yes, that is on our list.
    2
  6833. David Hovey West Point makes silver, gold and platinum proofs with the “W” mint mark.
    2
  6834.  @lachbullen8014  one issue with the Third System was a new westward focus that required defense of the frontier. But, or course, that would have been poor reason not to defend the ports. And it is difficult to imagine any way with Britain where the British were not relying heavily on the Royal Navy. But it is fair to say that the Third System forts were never tested in the war they were intended to fight, so we really don’t know how they would have performed. Still, the Second System forts showed their worth in the War of 1812. And we can never say what wars might have occurred had the coastal fortifications not been built, as their purpose was deterrence.
    2
  6835. An unusual injury indeed.
    2
  6836. I have not, but hope to sometime. And, of course, a new US armor and cavalry museum is in the works.
    2
  6837. Jerjer B https://youtu.be/tWx6gufENSs
    2
  6838. One of my favorite movies. Monsters from the id!
    2
  6839. I had to skinny it down quite a bit, but he does tell it much better than I do.
    2
  6840. Steve Capps this one as well: https://youtu.be/BIqrNF--gks
    2
  6841. He did not want to trade on his Father's name. He said to a friend "They did not want me, they wanted Abraham Lincoln's son."
    2
  6842. I have not yet, it is another epic tale of the Battle of the Atlantic that deserves to be remembered.
    2
  6843. That is not in any of the newspaper accounts that I found, no. It is disturbing. I am truly sorry for what you went through serving your country.
    2
  6844. All parts were used- but the bacon could be preserved and used later.
    2
  6845. Multiple sources, including LeMay’s book, called it the “Battle of Kansas,” although “Salina Blitz” is also used.
    2
  6846. That is a fair observation. I have certainly not chronicled every Minister to the Court of St. James, nor have i done an episode on George Pullman, more or less his replacement. But that does not mean that such a person would not deserve to be remembered.
    2
  6847. My collection is more peaked caps than helmets. But I have clean late example of the M1 helmet, a WWII British Brody helmet with the liner used in the Greek Civil War, a nice M1917 with original liner, a 1943 example of the pressed fiber sun helmet with a badge from the ATC-WD, and some reproduction pickelhaubes and ancient helms. I also have a couple of extra M1 helmet liners. Pictures of much of my collection are here: https://pin.it/lswjont7zu2ljq
    2
  6848. Absolutely!
    2
  6849. Behind the sideburns
    2
  6850. I think I did. I apologize for the error.
    2
  6851. They look very similar. the A-12, of course, has a single crewman.
    2
  6852. The second board still faulted the RN.
    2
  6853. Churchill stayed at the White House several times. The Lincoln’s ghost story doesn’t seem to specify when it is supposed to have happened. To be frank, the story doesn’t track. It supposedly occurred in the Lincoln bedroom. But Churchill never stayed in the Lincoln bedroom, he preferred the bed in the Blue room.
    2
  6854. HunterR909 these are actually genetic changes.
    2
  6855. I appreciate that you liked it, i don't know that we'll bring it back.
    2
  6856. Happy Birthday!
    2
  6857. Yes.
    2
  6858. Seems most likely
    2
  6859. The round deflected off the barrel, then the mantlet and finally lodged in the turret ring. The damage is still clearly visible today. It is also possible that the hit may have injured the tank commander. It is unclear what happened to the crew. Some accounts have them surrendering, others say they were killed by infantry as they tried to run away.
    2
  6860. Norman that is a fair point. If you mention the bulge and don’t mention the 82nd someone will complain, but Bastgone was the 101st.
    2
  6861. I can recite much of Rabbit Hood from memory...
    2
  6862. Suggestions@thehistoryguy.net
    2
  6863. I was quoting from a British newspaper published at the time giving, presumably, the British account. And Arnold’s letter to Jefferson is preserved. I don’t think that part of the story could have been rewritten by the patriots. Arnold never denied the act, which he clearly thought a justified act of war.
    2
  6864. Apparently I did… I had no idea
    2
  6865. I’ve gotten several and never had any issues. They all work fine.
    2
  6866. Yes, updated
    2
  6867. I talk about the Naval Armed guard detachments some in this episode: https://youtu.be/3JKBKXIMGNE
    2
  6868. Leon L yes
    2
  6869. First, that is not a question, as you claim, of "history." There are two ways to measure the height of mountains. Everest is the highest mountain above sea level. That is, of course, important, in that you do not climb Mona Kea from its base. Getting to the top of Mona Kea is described as a "moderate hike," and not a world accomplishment. The technicality that measures mountains as is if we were fish doesn't take away from Tenzig/Hillarie's accomplishment. The measure using mean sea level is the much more common way to define "tallest mountain." Simply Google :tallest mountain" Nothing is misstated in the episode.
    2
  6870. We will research it. Feel free to email thehistoryguyyt@gmail.com if you have more details. We'd also appreciate any (not classified) photos of life aboard the Kittyhawk that we could use for illustration.
    2
  6871. Flying Caddy The Pan Am base at Pearl Harbor was attacked on December 7. A Clipper was scheduled to land about an hour after the attack started, but was warned and able to divert. The Philippine Clipper, a Martin-130 that was at the Pan Am station at Wake island was strafed in a Japanese attack, but was still able to fly and was used later to evacuate the Pan Am employees.
    2
  6872. I don't want to become a civics class, but how and why we are a Constitutional Republic does seem to be more and more forgotten history.
    2
  6873. I leave that up to the listener.
    2
  6874. Thank you for your service.
    2
  6875. Several of the townsfolk did- I guess the practice bombs were not that loud. Still, it was right in front of his house.
    2
  6876. In 1988 a soviet research vessel located the wreck and said that several of the missile hatches seemed to have been pried open and the missiles were gone. If true, then presumably those would have been recovered in secret by the Americans. If the US did take those missiles (The Soviets seemed to think they were too old to be worth the US's effort) the operation remains secret to this day. But yes, at least several warheads, as well as nuclear material from the reactors, is still at the bottom of the sea.
    2
  6877. The kittens were both begging to be held and both purring at the time. I have no idea how people come to the conclusion that they didn’t want to be there.
    2
  6878. He was famous for getting up close- he credited his success to it. 200 yards is remarkable because he was in danger of collision at the point he pulled the trigger.
    2
  6879. Not in this epoch as it had no connection to December 6. A Cold War and a Warm Handshake: the Apollo-Soyuz mission https://youtu.be/YFaUNaCjoXw
    2
  6880. I know, but that is how announcers actually pronounce it here. My audience is largely American and I always walk that fine line.
    2
  6881. There is a brief history of the early development of depth charges in this episode: https://studio.youtube.com/video/PlyyANpCDyc/edit?utm_campaign=upgrade&utm_medium=redirect&utm_source=%2Fmy_videos
    2
  6882. Legitpenguins69 my position is that history is history. My intent is to, so much as is possible, tell history without political intent. We tell the story here as accurately as we can given the historical record, with no intended statement on current politics. The goal of history is to learn from the past to inform the future. I respect that viewers will take different meaning from the history presented. But I agree with the sentiment of this comment. There are plenty of forums to discuss current politics, an activity that has become increasingly vitriolic of late. I would certainly prefer that the discussion here focus on the history, if for no other reason than that uncivil conversation can result in a video being age-restricted or de-monetized.
    2
  6883. https://www.nhstateparks.org/visit/historic-sites/fort-constitution-historic-site
    2
  6884. roboZ starrr Larry Walters.
    2
  6885. If you send a coin, we will happily send one in return.
    2
  6886. It was likely because the water was so shallow, and the Icarus had a shallow draft. But misses were not uncommon.
    2
  6887. It is not an American quirk to drop half the letters in a word. British place names don't even conform to rules of British English.
    2
  6888. Thank you kindly
    2
  6889. We met over a chessboard.
    2
  6890. Antifoul Awl the matches my research the NVA sun helmet was a cloth- covered plastic shell.
    2
  6891. twitter.com/history_yt
    2
  6892. Th goal of the channel is to cover a wide variety of subjects. We put out a lot of content, and have plenty of history to tell.
    2
  6893. Correct, although the clipper at Wake Island was a Martin 130.
    2
  6894. Maybe. A juvenile Great White with human remains in its stomach was killed. But some still insist that a Bull Shark was the likely culprit.
    2
  6895. I don't know. I suspect he lost a few.
    2
  6896. The Severn is the longest river in Great Britain. The Thames is the longest river to be all in England.
    2
  6897. Fair point- or maybe better called a “heist.” Still, similar in incidents are usually called bank robbery. I have never seen common usage of the term “Bank burglary.”
    2
  6898. Happy birthday!
    2
  6899. It was named after the county in Massachusetts.
    2
  6900. Thank you!
    2
  6901. I talked more about the wind tunnels in this episode: https://youtu.be/k5jBcZfD0q0?si=SVBiHc7FfqlRhN4Y
    2
  6902. That was probably Our American Stories.
    2
  6903. That was called variolation. Its history is here: https://youtu.be/HIerjWCYOYc
    2
  6904. Altinget sort of- the Great Survey was done to determine taxes. It came to be known as the “Domesday book” because, like the final judgement at the end of times, it’s decisions were unalterable.
    2
  6905. Coincidentally the episode going up today talks about German submarines of the Great War.
    2
  6906. Correct- 32 is the correct number.
    2
  6907. Michele iad tgey actually had some issue with passport abuse, and, at one point, cancelled all passports.
    2
  6908. The name was originally coined by voyageurs. “Passager,” is French for “passing by.” The name refers to the species’ migratory habits, with large flocks “passing by.”
    2
  6909. Yes, Pulaski County Illinois is named after Casimir Pulaski.
    2
  6910. I will have more episodes on airships.
    2
  6911. That is tongue-in-cheek postcard. But newspapers from the time suggest that the entry of women into the office resulted in what today would be called sexual harassment.
    2
  6912. Much of the collection predates the channel. I don't have a financial backer outside of money made here and on Patreon, no.
    2
  6913. LOL Mine is curly, but not quite afro. I'll work on that...
    2
  6914.  @darinmoore265  rumble.com/c/thehistory.guy
    2
  6915. My partner is not "shielded." She literally presents whenever she wants to. She is simply shy, and does not prefer to be in front of camera. While we are certainly partners, and she does much behind the scenes, it is fair to say that the History Guy is much more my passion than hers. To find her passion, look here: https://www.goodreads.com/user/show/7986781-heidi-the-reader
    2
  6916. The BC/AD vs BCE/CE debate is a no winner for me. Whatever I do will get a gripe. In older videos like this one, the general rule was to use whichever terminology the source material used. Later I decided to stick with BC/AD as my audience seems most familiar with that nomenclature. In both cases I simply want to remind people that they mean the exact same thing, and I have never intended any political statement using either.
    2
  6917. For the game, aircraft carriers are newish, so this is a fast way to get and play one. The game is not limited to WWII- quite a few of the ships had little or no role in the war. The one with the offer operates as an aircraft carrier, not a seaplane tender. From a history perspective, Langley is interesting both as the first US aircraft carrer, from which we learned quite a lot about carrier design, and for its role with ABDACOM as a tender.
    2
  6918. I have had my youthful indiscretions, but never lost my trousers...
    2
  6919. I don’t know what you mean. The articles were passed by the Continental Congress and the boycott enacted.
    2
  6920. Yes, it is a sad story.
    2
  6921. All the equipment was working- with no clear reason why the men would abandon the airship. The envelope was bent, as the blimp had apparent;y vented some helium (automatic valves were designed to do that if it approached it's pressure ceiling.) The blimp would have still been able to operate, and the Navy did not see that as a explanation for why the crew would abandon the vessel.
    2
  6922. I will be back for TANKFEST in June.
    2
  6923. Well he did not, apparently, make it down to Nicaragua.
    2
  6924. We did send several subchasers to Brazil, which was also being ravaged by U-boats.
    2
  6925. I have a truly top end professional Sure microphone.
    2
  6926. Ryan Cargill some are my family, others I got second-hand. The portrait above my shoulder is my great uncle George. He died in Italy in 1944.
    2
  6927. Please do!
    2
  6928. Good advice.
    2
  6929. She turned me into a newt!
    2
  6930. I did not see that in my research, but that doesn't mean it didn't happen.
    2
  6931. The cat’s participation is purely up to the cat.
    2
  6932. Her name is Strudel.
    2
  6933. That is a new program that came about after the production of this episode.
    2
  6934. They did several crossover shows
    2
  6935. Why, a Gorn of course!
    2
  6936. It was unclear, in the news stories, whether the doubloons were part of the recovered amount. The assumption seems to be that the unrecovered amount was spent. There were rumors of graft by Hays or the constabulary, although that was discounted both by the papers and the thieves. Honeyman claimed that it had been placed "beyond the reach" of police. In general, the consensus seems to have been that enough was recovered to vindicate Hays and the constabulary's efforts.
    2
  6937. Those are the BOMARC bunkers at McGuire today. Full video is here: https://dod.defense.gov/News/Special-Reports/Videos/?videoid=699850
    2
  6938. A brave little ship that continued to serve after being sunk.
    2
  6939. Then you’ve never heard it pronounced by NASA. https://www.wral.com/amp/story/why-does-first-man-say-gemini-as-geminee-nasa-explains-sorta-/17923342/
    2
  6940. Thank you!
    2
  6941. Possibly, it is a tad well known for forgotten history, but certainly an interesting story.
    2
  6942. They have! One of the headlines described the riot as an "orgy." That term is generally used differently these days...
    2
  6943. Obviously it was no war winner, a point I make in the episode.
    2
  6944. Those are called MOVA Globes. Go to http://bit.ly/TheHistoryGuyMOVAglobes and use the code HISTORY to get a 10% discount.
    2
  6945. There have been many more close calls.
    2
  6946. No, I don't think he authored any books, although there are a few biographies about him.
    2
  6947. Frank Jholip https://youtu.be/e_XKVA8S6qY
    2
  6948. The photo of the officer that is on the shelf (left side of video) is a photo of Alden K Sibley. This episode talks about him: https://youtu.be/cFHU0ElBwBg
    2
  6949. That is discussed in more detail in this episode: https://youtu.be/kvFfDqBAavg
    2
  6950. Well, the guy in the story got is from shooting a bear.
    2
  6951. The Erie gauge war is its own story
    2
  6952. Thank you for your service!
    2
  6953. Correct- they were. It is a myth that the Romans were poor sailors. They carried on a robust maritime trade.
    2
  6954. That was the deal that got Luciano out of prison.
    2
  6955. There was no murderer - the jury decided it was an accident. I do not know what happened to Mario Escamilla after his release.
    2
  6956. We might do several more episodes on VC recipients.
    2
  6957. Pretty much every portrait of Suleiman I has a hat that size, so I assume it must really have been that big. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent#/media/File:Semailname_47b.jpg
    2
  6958. I have not- I will add it to our list.
    2
  6959. Nice pun, I am only sure that that was what was written in the India Times.
    2
  6960. LOL. That clock has never worked- but I do spin the dial whenever someone mentions that. Maybe I should just buy a working clock.
    2
  6961. Probably more a hobby than a job.
    2
  6962. He was dating the pretty daughter of the pro-Confederate, leaving Adam to fear that he’d vote based on the pretty girl. Full episode here: https://youtu.be/_qGSySGYAeQ?si=at1AwSLDIfFuYYQJ
    2
  6963. Fair point
    2
  6964. Not at all- cork comes from a type of oak that grows along the Mediterranean. The name of the City of Cork in Ireland was derived from the Gaelic word Corcaigh, meaning, roughly, "marshy place."
    2
  6965. Private Julius Frederick was the regular cook. Greely wrote: "The preparation of the Christmas dinner was commenced several days in advance, as from its extensive character much extra labor was entailed upon Frederick, who was the regular cook. " Frederick's job was particularly difficult the winter of 1883/84 as he had to divide the rations, which obviously resulted in friction among the men. He survived the expedition and died in 1904.
    2
  6966. Michał Kania there has been speculation to that effect, but the allies never admitted to anything other than accidents and paid reparations.
    2
  6967. I am not sure exactly what you mean, but simple barcodes were used before the UPC, which is a specific kind of barcode.
    2
  6968. Kevin Byrne it is amazing how they stayed in the field.
    2
  6969. The people who live there pronounce it the way I do.
    2
  6970. It will cycle through again. Actually, I have several.
    2
  6971. No-
    2
  6972. Why?
    2
  6973. Yeah, there are a lot of suicides by self bludgeoning...
    2
  6974. The pigeon didn't actually save them from anything, they just got out of there before the shells started dropping. But I agree, all modern means failed, the bird got through. https://youtu.be/cDwsnpo066g
    2
  6975. We really don't. And I'm sure you're right that we're missing out.
    2
  6976. It was stock footage. I am sure the pun was intended.
    2
  6977. Harry Buttwhisker yes- the Great-Nephew of Napoleon was the US Attorney General.
    2
  6978. I have never filmed an episode pants-less.
    2
  6979. The actual quotation as written was "Well Gawdam Irene, they're a-bombing us."
    2
  6980. Andy Kench they were able to make the change gradually as they did maintenance.
    2
  6981. Yes.
    2
  6982.  @darkadmiral106  thanks. Yeah, it wasn’t my choice.
    2
  6983. He is pretty much a large as his dad...
    2
  6984. Thank you!
    2
  6985. Glenn Paton I think they weren’t preserved because no one thought to keep them. They just weren’t a sexy plane.
    2
  6986. colin Paterson I did a much better job with Derbyshire than my first try...
    2
  6987. He was certainly a colorful fellow.
    2
  6988. I do the opening animations using a program called Viddyoze.
    2
  6989. It does.
    2
  6990. There were various female participants in the Second World War- both on the home front and in combat. Relevant to this story, the Italian partisans often used women to help move escaping allied troops, as they engendered less suspicion from the Germans. They were, however, as subject to brutal treatment if caught as men, and to an extent even more so. I mean no political statement, but it is simply a fact that war powerfully affects entire populations, not just men of fighting age.
    2
  6991. That is what Taffy called it.
    2
  6992. "In practice and in popular perception, however, the new century is held to begin when the significant digits in the date change." https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/century
    2
  6993. These were not conscripts, but volunteers.
    2
  6994. The modern London Bridge just looks like a bridge...
    2
  6995. He did a lot of development in Florida, and invented much more than we mentioned in this episode.
    2
  6996. The origin of the expression is disputed, but it did not become popular in the US until the twentieth century, and so is unlikely to be connected to the mammoth cheeses.
    2
  6997. kungfuasgaeilge his name was actually Messersmith.
    2
  6998. According to the FBI report, Klinghoffer was shot twice. The Hijacker then made a member of the ship crew help him throw the body overboard. His remains were recovered in Syria.
    2
  6999. Most of it burned up. The bulk of the debris that was recovered was in the Australian Outback, but in sparsely inhabited desert areas where it did no damage. Presumably some good amount landed in the Indian Ocean. Most of the debris that was recovered consisted of tiny scraps of metal. As of this writing, at least one purported piece of debris was listed for sale on Ebay.
    2
  7000. The air isn’t -20 over the wings, the low pressure cools the air another 20°, pushing it past-40°.
    2
  7001. Thanks! Noted in the pinned comment.
    2
  7002. Fair point- that picture is used commonly to represent Mulligan, but you are entirely correct. Thank- you. I will pin a comment.
    2
  7003. milcoll73 that term “combination cover” is also interesting, since most are actually not built so that the cover can swap, but they seem to call it a combination cover anyway. I have a couple examples of Marine covers that have those frames made to switch, with Green, Khaki and White.
    2
  7004. There is no “ideology” in here whatsoever. This is history. It is a crass misrepresentation to say that I said that “caring about posture = Nazi.” Sheldon was engaging in eugenics pseudoscience, and it was people who knew him who suggested that he was personally racist. This is in the historical record. The issue with his work was not “caring about posture,” it was crass misuse of these photos, illegally acquired and without the consent of the subjects, to spread racist pseudoscience. There is no reasonable interpretation of this video as saying that “posture doesn’t matter.” Respectfully, do not project your politics into my telling of history.
    2
  7005. Not at all- he was purring the whole time. Pookie is a lover, not a fighter.
    2
  7006.  @russcrawford3310  https://youtu.be/E2383ElpU4U
    2
  7007. 1: Yes, I do, but we do get an awful lot of comments, and I do not get to them all. 2: Yes, there are other examples in Mississippian art.
    2
  7008. I mostly use hat displays- they are built for stores to display hats and wigs and are readily available on Amazon and Ebay. You can get specialized helmet stands, which are a little sturdier. I also frequently use a gizmo called a "hat-jack," which is generally used to maintain the shape of cowboy hats and works something like a shoe tree. They are great for keeping the shape on a vintage hat, so long as you are careful not to stretch them.
    2
  7009. http://talklikeapirate.com/wordpress/how-to/talk-like-a-german-pirate/
    2
  7010. I switch the hats often
    2
  7011. Matthew Palmer she has a healthy appetite
    2
  7012. There have been five ships named HMS Fairy. This one certainly put up a fight.
    2
  7013. Well, we wouldn't have been annihilated, we'd just have irradiated North Dakota.
    2
  7014. I was born in Cortez, and still have Family living in Mancos.
    2
  7015. We always called it Mountain West, but I grew up in the Black Hills.
    2
  7016. That is Lucky
    2
  7017. I have not found a connection, but the modern comedienne spells her name "Bernhard."
    2
  7018. His participation is purely voluntary.
    2
  7019. While Just Nuisance was wearing a hat from HMAS Canberra in that photo, he was actually enlisted in the RN and served at HMS Afrikander. https://youtu.be/Rqpk6RolUNk
    2
  7020. A fact that many noticed at the time. But, to be fair, New York was also known for its riots.
    2
  7021. sirrliv thanks! I will look into the railway disaster as a topic. Please link your blog when it is ready- I would love to see it!
    2
  7022. IT is a direct quotation, appropriate to the situation.
    2
  7023. Agreed. He had little reason to fight and sacrifice lives when the Graf Spee could not get home. But Hitler expected fights to the death.
    2
  7024. Quite a lot, including the Mexican-American War.
    2
  7025. Tarnfalk https://youtu.be/zSvYxH6gqMc
    2
  7026. My understanding is that the shutoff was inside the fuselage. One of the witnesses tells me that there was no fuel shutoff (despite that being reported in a North Dakota newspaper) but that, essentially, they had to wait for the fuel in the wing tank to burn off.
    2
  7027. Using American pronunciations was a choice, simply because I thought that my American audience would have been less familiar with the event.
    2
  7028. Erik Kunkle yes it was
    2
  7029. That will likely be its own episode someday.
    2
  7030. In her time she was actually most famous for her brand of makeup. She received awards in business as well.
    2
  7031. In the Gran Sasso Raid they used gliders and and a Storch light aircraft.
    2
  7032. The term was actually first used in the US to refer to an economic crisis in 1869.
    2
  7033. That is awesome! Thanks for letting me know!
    2
  7034. 63% American, 7.8% Canadian, 6.7% from the UK, 4.5% Australian.
    2
  7035. Yes, Mary Todd Lincoln held seances in the White House.
    2
  7036. The author is anonymous.
    2
  7037. I did in a piece I did for the local middle school, but not in an episode. The historiography has changed some from the long- held viewpoint that the war created a civil war within the Iroquois. I think we will have an episode out at some point, yes.
    2
  7038. Not that I can find, but there is a current project to have one made: https://www.monashmovie.com.au/
    2
  7039. Outerbridge was asked after the war and he said he felt no particular nostalgia when he was ordered to sink his old ship. He said "it was just something that had to be done."
    2
  7040. Thank for the information! The knot for a bow tie is the same one you use for your shoe. Try practicing first by tying one around your leg until you get used to how the knot works.
    2
  7041. I don’t think so. Robert Byrd was actually not part of the Byrd family by blood. He was born Robert Sale, and adopted by a paternal aunt after his mother died. He took the name of the aunt’s husband. But I cannot find an obvious connection between his adopted father Titus Byrd and the family of Robert Byrd. Admiral Byrd’s family did include politicians. Both his nephew and great nephew represented Virginia in the US Senate. But they never seemed to claim a familial relationship with the West Virginia senator.
    2
  7042. Thank you!
    2
  7043. To be fair, there were pilots who distinguished themselves in combat, but not in training.
    2
  7044. That might be another episode.
    2
  7045. There are extant photos of Frank and John, both used in the video, and that is all. I would dearly love for there to be good photographic record of historical events, but only rarely is there.
    2
  7046. I talk about the Harlem Hellfighters in one of my Patreon exclusive videos.
    2
  7047. Not the History Daughter. The third team member in the final shot is our business manager, Ms. History's sister.
    2
  7048. https://youtu.be/IVTRpTHPs3o - History of Toilet Paper
    2
  7049. nosaltadded they were. The Sikorsky S-4 was being used in rescue operations in the Pacific from April 1944.
    2
  7050. If I understand correctly, it had to do with measuring the effect of reentry on the isotope.
    2
  7051. Halifax was much larger.
    2
  7052. Especially considering that Major Henry Rathbone, who had accompanied the Lincolns to the play, was stabbed and seriously injured as well.
    2
  7053. Most of the research for this episode was from newspaper coverage and the 1872 Commissioners report
    2
  7054. The sort of discussion I would love to have over a pint in a pub.
    2
  7055. Yes, that has been on my topic list for a while.
    2
  7056. The Xenia tornado is in this episode: https://youtu.be/WZiVdGvhzVo
    2
  7057. It will be interesting to do an episode on 2020. I'll put it on the schedule for around 2030.
    2
  7058. I suspect some number of those are people who don't like that the episode is sponsored.
    2
  7059. Your thanks are reward enough. Thank you sir, for your service.
    2
  7060. Part of it did, and experts suggested more should have. The Gs were vertical Gs.
    2
  7061. Both 302 and 303 were heavily involved on the 15th. 303 claimed fifteen victories, and lost two hurricanes, although both pilots survived.
    2
  7062. Glad you enjoyed it!
    2
  7063. One in particular…
    2
  7064. I suspect just a cold. Although I hear that it would be difficult to tell the difference.
    2
  7065. But HMS Belfast is still a wonderful ship.
    2
  7066. Yes, the Little Ice Age had marked effects on North American weather in the 17th century.
    2
  7067.  @jeanne-marie8196  the 1917 Nelson commission revoked a number of medals. Some, like William Cody and Mary Edwards Walker, were revoked because the person receiving the award was not technically serving in the military. Both of those were later reinstated by acts of congress. The bulk of those revoked, however, were 864 given to the 27th Maine volunteers, which essentially, had been given because some of them volunteered to stay three days past the end of their enlistment doing garrison duty in DC so that other troops could br sent to Gettysburg. Another 29 were revoked, as they had been awarded for merely serving as guards for Lincoln’s funereal. The commission decided that those didn’t meet the standard.
    2
  7068. For risking his life for the advancement of mankind. Very like the reason they gave one to Lindberg.
    2
  7069. I don’t know what “members only thing” you are talking about. I don’t request money in anyone’s feed. We do have channel members, that is the choice of people who wish to support us. I put hundreds of hours into these videos, and virtually nothing is asked of you to watch them. If you want to imply that I am somehow being greedy, I’d suggest that you look in a mirror.
    2
  7070. First to notice!
    2
  7071. sharadowasdr that is an interesting question. There is more information on the effect of the flu on the war than the effect of the war on the flu. The most direct effect is that the flu followed and was spread from troop concentrations.
    2
  7072. fair point- we have quite a few dog pictures to go
    2
  7073. I am sure we will have an episode on the stahlhelm some time.
    2
  7074. Borxoi86 this was written by a Pan Am radio officer who crewed on Boeing 314s, and utilized lengthy interviews with the Captain, Bob Ford, and the radio operator, Eugene Leach. You can order it print on demand. http://www.longwayhome.com/
    2
  7075. Tarot was likely developed in Italy from playing cards. We may eventually release a separate episode on the development and history of the Tarot.
    2
  7076. The migration noted occurred some 800 years after the fall of the Western Roman Empire.
    2
  7077. Her name is Lucky Star.
    2
  7078. They had an aluminum block and a steel head, and they expanded at different rates.
    2
  7079. Like William Cody and Mary Walker, his medal was rescinded in the 1917 review because, as a civilian, he was not eligible for the award, and then reinstated by the Army Board for Correction of Military Records in 1989.
    2
  7080. That was a direct quotation from Elle magazine.
    2
  7081. sandoval7 well, I have to feed the family. We understand that some people do not prefer sponsored advertisements. We only accept a limited number per month, so we can direct you to the ten or more episodes per month that don’t include sponsored content. We also provide versions without the sponsored content to our patrons on Patreon.
    2
  7082. I read that the site is outside the base and still accessible, but there is little there to see.
    2
  7083. Yes.
    2
  7084. Mine is a reproduction of the Model 1850 Union Staff & Field Officer Sword.
    2
  7085. I don’t believe I used that term.
    2
  7086. That is a good question.
    2
  7087. Sorry, pretty sure your memory is faulty on that point. https://smmirror.com/2019/02/threes-company-and-santa-monica/
    2
  7088. Sorry, pretty sure your memory is faulty on that point. https://smmirror.com/2019/02/threes-company-and-santa-monica/
    2
  7089. So do I.
    2
  7090. That is a quotation, and it is not calling African Americans spooks, it us referring to a West African tradition.
    2
  7091. Presumably. But that is a stinky process.
    2
  7092. GasCityGuy USS New Jersey is in Camden New Jersey. USS Iowa is in Los Angeles.
    2
  7093. One of many theories was that they were somehow spies that defected to the sub. It seems unlikely given their backgrounds.
    2
  7094. I agree, they paid a cost that we cannot comprehend.
    2
  7095. The March to Valley Forge by William Trego (c. 1883) It depicts George Washington leading the Continental Army to Valley Forge in 1777
    2
  7096. One of the first models I made as a kid.
    2
  7097. Misplaced photo. Sorry.
    2
  7098. Thank you for your service!
    2
  7099. It is a Mig helmet. A gift from a viewer.
    2
  7100. Great story! Thank you for sharing! Actually, Flying Tiger Line continued flying both as a commercial cargo carrier and as a regular contractor for the military until 1988. Airline deregulation and some poor business decisions damaged profitability and the line was sold to Federal Express.
    2
  7101. Isn't that what this is?
    2
  7102. Itself a problem: https://youtu.be/jDcog2ZP684
    2
  7103. LOL
    2
  7104. I haven't been able to find details except for the brief reference in Nesson's note: "The limos have been involved in some minor accidents such as striking ... a bicyclist."
    2
  7105. Yes it is
    2
  7106. It isn’t loaded.
    2
  7107. https://youtu.be/jDcog2ZP684
    2
  7108. Baron von Limbourgh I agree- there is so much history to cover. We have a heavy production schedule at three a week, and still never seem to dent our topic list. US history actually only represents about half of our video topics. We don’t intend to ignore any geography or time period. We do, however, live in the US and have more access to resources here, and our audience is roughly 3/4 American. Do you have a specific topic to recommend?
    2
  7109. That was a quotation- I got it from a journal article, but suspect the language is from a period account.
    2
  7110. LOL if by "decorator" you mean "displays junk he has collected," that would be me. And I have three functioning lava lamps...
    2
  7111. Thank you for the high praise
    2
  7112. The fire started on engine startup. Without engines, there is no way for a pilot to turn the plane.
    2
  7113. The lunar rotation is much slower- about 29 days. That is, the missions never occurred over mid day or at night, but always during the lunar dawn when temperatures were more moderate. The extremes you mention are also at the equator. The Apollo landing sites were all closer to the pole. Suit reflectivity and insulation was quite sufficient for the temperatures encountered.
    2
  7114. We are using the same recording setup, and I have not been able to replicate a problem. I am glad if it has resolved, but it was nothing that I did.
    2
  7115. Patricia Viles I didn’t see it mentioned in any history of him, so it doesn’t seem to have been diagnosed at the time.
    2
  7116. Thanks for the suggestion, I've added it to our ever-growing list of possible topics. Please note that due to the large number of ideas we receive, it may or may not be used.
    2
  7117. The problem is that there are convincing videos/books regarding at least a couple dozen Ripper theories.
    2
  7118. The same would have been more difficult for a man.
    2
  7119. Robinson's book doesn't offer insight- I have not found a description of any discussion regarding that decision.
    2
  7120. This one was pretty full already or I would have talked more about the torpedo issues. But they were mostly solved by '44.
    2
  7121. Neil Puckett sort of- they have been spun off into so many parts that it is hard to keep track.
    2
  7122. I have three.
    2
  7123. WE had quite the discussion over including it. In the end we decided it was OK because it was 1) an exact historical quotation, and 2) apropos for the moment.
    2
  7124. Thanks for all these details! And thank you for your service!
    2
  7125. I have no idea what you are talking about. I have no “paywall.”
    2
  7126. Yes, that is how NASA pronounced it.
    2
  7127. John S. Richards Chosen more for the ability to ship without spoilage.
    2
  7128. Those were not related to Operation Chrome Dome. Meaning that they will have to wait for another episode.
    2
  7129. I honestly don't know, but it seems possible.
    2
  7130. I see no evidence of that whatsoever. If we could control hurricanes and tornadoes, why do they still kill people?
    2
  7131. I actually live quite close to Scott AFB. Frank Scott's is a sad story that has some similarities to the 1943 glider crash, but I am not sure if there is enough there for an episode. I'll keep researching.
    2
  7132. Happy birthday!
    2
  7133. A successful marketing campaign...
    2
  7134. LOL. Not literally with her face.
    2
  7135. Hippy Gestapo I am not sure what you mean.
    2
  7136. I have a drawer. None of the important bow tie manufacturing giants have yet sought to sponsor me.
    2
  7137. So was Erhard Raus.
    2
  7138. They all must be housed inside my office. I have strict orders not to expand outside that space.
    2
  7139. Not yet.
    2
  7140. Happy birthday!
    2
  7141. Many of the stories were not appropriate for YouTube...
    2
  7142. Not yet, no.
    2
  7143. Yes, driving.
    2
  7144. Agreed- sent to me by his foundation. It commemorates when he was laid to rest at Arlington in 2019.
    2
  7145. https://youtu.be/wG7kS1qBGVY
    2
  7146. Thank you!
    2
  7147. Thomas Carling That is Admiral Halsey.
    2
  7148. While there was the typical looting for supply, mounts, arms and ammunition, the force was particularly poorly disciplined, and there was much general looting of property. The looting was legendary and rapacious, and even included looting some notable confederates’ property. The Missouri governor of the confederate government in exile complained that Price’s troops were destroying their reputation in the state.
    2
  7149. Peter Anderson it has to do with how Pioneer 10 and 11 rotate. NASA explains it much better than I could: https://www.nasa.gov/topics/solarsystem/features/pioneer_anomaly.html
    2
  7150. I think that likely played into it, yes.
    2
  7151. I do sincerely recommend the service.
    2
  7152. Guam .Guy shells made from 1941 - 1943 had the rim seam on the front. But millions of helmets were produced during WWII with rear seams.
    2
  7153. Sorry for your loss.
    2
  7154. It is always aliens.
    2
  7155. And to you!
    2
  7156. https://youtu.be/k5jBcZfD0q0?si=BO3fKSxdlYioLMkr
    2
  7157. Yes, a handful have survived symptomatic rabies. The numbers are disputed, but at least fourteen are known to have survived. There has been some research suggesting survival among indigenous populations in the Amazon and among the Inuit.
    2
  7158. I think even they were shocked at the success.
    2
  7159. That was a quotation- I used the term used in the book.
    2
  7160. A socket is a type of wrench.
    2
  7161. https://youtu.be/BGYV2WOoRCo
    2
  7162. Yes, both Checker cab and Yellow Cab manufactured and sold Taxis.
    2
  7163. That is a fair question, I did not go into hes background, and there is limited information available.
    2
  7164. It has to do with a tradition of dubious origin where a rooster in the kitchen is considered good luck. Many years ago my mother bought the rooster and I painted it for her and it sat in her kitchen. When she moved to an apartment she gifted it back. I can neither confirm nor deny that he has brought me luck.
    2
  7165. Yes, my mistake. Victorian was the wrong word before Victoria.
    2
  7166. Monday
    2
  7167.  @dennisworkmansr.714  there is a “Confederate Medal of Honor” created by the Sons of Confederate Veterans in 1977 that commemorates confederate soldiers that “distinguished themselves conspicuously by gallantry, bravery, and intrepidity at the risk of life, above and beyond the call of duty" during the Civil War.
    2
  7168. No, the CAP was unpaid service. The repair crews were also CAP volunteers, but equipment and supplies were provided by the government.
    2
  7169. I always suspected the beast was a lion. In the pictures, the tail looks awfully lion-like.
    2
  7170. staggabob possibly. If the beast was not a wolf, then the wolf that Jean Chastel shot was just a wolf. If that was the case, the beast may have died from poison bait. https://youtu.be/MATrLKCs71s
    2
  7171. I’ve learned a bit along the way.
    2
  7172. Abe, in fact, had three great grandchildren. All died without issue, ending the line of direct descendants of Abraham Lincoln.
    2
  7173. I agree that there is much to discuss there, and some interesting stories. But I try to avoid controversy that might drive people from the channel.
    2
  7174. titanicww2345 thank you!
    2
  7175. Reportedly they are still rare in China.
    2
  7176. There are some ruins still at Fort Buchanan.
    2
  7177. I use Power Director and do the editing myself. I think we could get better quality for much higher cost, but YT is always walking the line between cost and return. As for history on YouTube, as with all content, produce good quality and people will watch it. Our cardinal rule is to make videos that we would want to watch. There are some unique challenges with monetization for a history channel- send me an email to thehistoryguyYT@gmail.com and I am happy to give more advice.
    2
  7178. I briefly mentioned the Mormon War. But that requires its own episode.
    2
  7179. This was a THG topic like any other, albeit a good fit for the sponsor. So far as I know, the sponsor provided no pairs of presidential glasses.
    2
  7180. Fair point. My mistake. I’ll have to do an episode on General Cota.
    2
  7181. Frank Williams not that I know of. There were, however, a lot of submarine films.
    2
  7182. The Flower-class corvettes played a similar role to the US Subchasers. A handful were transferred by the Royal Navy to the US in early 1942 as the US was in a rush to increase its ASW capability. They were designated as "Patrol Gunboats."
    2
  7183. That is the same elephant mentioned in the episode. A very sad end to a magnificent animal.
    2
  7184. I am sorry, I don't recognize it, and at first look don't see what the magazine might have been. Kennedy space center has been doing a monthly publication since the 1960s, but it is more like employee news: https://www.nasa.gov/centers/kennedy/pdf/617593main_dec13-1962.pdf I will keep looking and let you know if I find anything.
    2
  7185. I agree- that has been on my list for a while. It would be scary if it happened today.
    2
  7186. It grows,.My wife cuts it. It grows again.
    2
  7187. It is hard to known what "proven" meant in an era before forensics. Part of Parkinson's deal with prosecutors was to reveal the facts of the crime, and he confirmed that a false key had been used. Is it possible they all covered up an accomplice from inside the bank? I suppose, although they seemed rather willing to turn each other in...
    2
  7188. Shinkle included it in her 1983 Post-Dispatch article.
    2
  7189. No doubt. I am sure the Illyrians thought the Greeks and Romans were the savages.
    2
  7190. I agree. We seem to have lost historical perspective.
    2
  7191. We need a clinical trial.
    2
  7192. No- that is done by Google ads. We get some minimal control over ad types is all.
    2
  7193. Charlie Harper reparations to Switzerland were the equivalent of over $200 million in today’s dollars.
    2
  7194. Jeff Hankla Thank you for your service!
    2
  7195. Mine is actually a New York National Guard helmet.
    2
  7196. Yes, America used quite a lot of narrow gauge, and some still exists today.
    2
  7197. Aside from teaching on television at the university level, no, I had not worked in television previously.
    2
  7198. We have not done that episode yet. But it is certainly a story that deserves to be remembered.
    2
  7199. Thank you for your service!
    2
  7200. All I can say is that they reported that the altimeter was lost along with the other instruments.
    2
  7201. Thank you for sharing the story, and thank you for your service!
    2
  7202. He was treated at Staten Island University Hospital, but died in Los Angeles
    2
  7203. In this case, I beg to differ. The term Maritime Disaster is commonly used for any sinking or foundering of a ship with great loss of life. Disasters on Rivers are not commonly separated from disasters on the ocean, and numerous accidents involving ships and ferrys on rivers are included on lists of maritime disasters. It is the the term commonly used specifically to refer to the Sultana, which is commonly listed as the worst maritime Disaster in US history.
    2
  7204. Joseph Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili I agree the term refers to the sea, but the term “Maritime disaster” is still commonly used for shipwrecks on rivers.
    2
  7205. Joseph Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili look up “worst maritime disaster in US history” and you will see, repeatedly, the Sultana disaster. I am sorry that you seem so caught up on the word, but I do believe that its use is proper here. https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2001/05/0501_river5.html
    2
  7206. Braddock was not present at the Battle of Fort Necessity. He led an expedition a year later and died in the Battle of the Monongahela.
    2
  7207. I am not aware that any measurements were done.
    2
  7208. There were more issues than that. It had to literally stop to change gears, moved very slowly, and was very tall, making it a very easy target. The Japanese were well known for their infantry guns and heavy machine guns, and the Bob Semple tank would have been a death trap. As a gun platform, it had poor visibility and rattled and shook. If the invasion had occurred, it is hard to imagine they would have been more than a liability. Their real goal was the same as the Bison- to reassure the public, and in that it also failed.
    2
  7209. Illinois.
    2
  7210. Nothing has changed that I am aware of…
    2
  7211. The population is dropping across Western Europe, also possibly due to farming techniques and use of pesticides.
    2
  7212. My son doesn't do those, I use a simple program called Viddyoze.
    2
  7213. The what if's, or counterfactual, is very interesting. America was even more aggressively isolationist after the Great War, and i am not sure if they would have come to the fight easily. And, as you say, the rest of Europe had strong socialist movements. Lenin's vision of a mass uprising was not absurd. Still, though, the Soviets were in desperate shape themselves, as evidenced by their in ability to defeat Poland.
    2
  7214. I am unlikely to do an episode, as YT won't let me monetize anything that even has his picture.
    2
  7215. Yes, my mistake. Thank you.
    2
  7216. Furious is certainly an interesting and famous ship. I can't imagine trying to maneuver a Sopwith Pup onto a pitching wooden deck. The new Queen Elizabeth class is also an interesting design, and it is appropriate that she be there to celebrate the centenary of Squadron Commander Dunning's landing.
    2
  7217. The most direct was a literacy test instituted in 1908, but poll taxes and complex registration requirements were also used. The all-white primary was justified under the claim that the party controlled the primary, not the government, and so was not subject to the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. That was the issue in the Smith vs Allwright case. https://youtu.be/jPN18jWCGZU
    2
  7218. Ask a person from Texas how the name of that battle is pronounced.
    2
  7219. I don't always do the intros in the "History Guy Shorts."
    2
  7220.  @patrickwayne3701  is this what you mean? https://youtu.be/jDcog2ZP684
    2
  7221. Yeah, that was me being lazy. The studio is in the basement, my Morgan was upstairs.
    2
  7222.  @seatedliberty  not seriously no, I have collected a few for historical value. And, of course, for the coin flourish. Morgans are the best size.
    2
  7223. While your point is well taken, much of the destruction was done by the Illini people. There doesn't seem to be any record to explain why they started shooting at the paintings.
    2
  7224. Correct- that was a Beechcraft Bonanza.
    2
  7225. I prefer a rib eye to a rib roast honestly.
    2
  7226. I believe the purpose of the markings was to warn any plane that they were entering neutral territory. But, among the notes in the 1945 Cranborne report was that Ireland allowed use by Allied ships and planes of the wireless direction-finding stations at Malin Head.
    2
  7227. There is a great new MagellanTV documentary on exactly that!
    2
  7228. There are some amazing stories with the others- one officer ended up with the French resistance for over a year. But according to the regimental history, almost 200 were never accounted for. They died alone. A tragic story.
    2
  7229. You are completely correct. I apologize for the error.
    2
  7230. That issue was in Brazil, and appears to be true, yes.
    2
  7231. I think it is a stretch, given that Washington's eagle hasn't been seen since the nineteenth century. But I can certainly see how a person who saw it could be easily confused as to what it was. It's size would be truly extraordinary, and within the description of Mothman.
    2
  7232. Not this fire. It started in a dry goods store.
    2
  7233. Thank You!
    2
  7234. Robert had grandchildren, but all died without issue. There are no surviving direct descendants.
    2
  7235. https://youtu.be/yjEvTc6qyb8
    2
  7236. What luck! I found a mare sweating not two blocks away!
    2
  7237. No, the videos are not sped up at all.
    2
  7238.  @TanyaMasters  well, you can think that. But you’d be incorrect. The “Great White Hurricane” was in 1888.
    2
  7239. SerpentNight not yet- that is another one that is on our list.
    2
  7240. That is a fair description....
    2
  7241. The footage mostly comes from a Newsreel about the Burma theater in 1944. it is difficult to tell which is from Imphal and which is from operations in Burma later in the year.
    2
  7242. Klantvinder.com I beg to differ. The King’s English made “root” from “route,” and then, sometime in the eighteenth century, lost its dipthongs. We colonies cannot be held responsible for things the mother country lost after we parted ways. Incidentally, another famous colony has established a rather unsavory meaning for the word “root” and so always pronounce route “rowt.”
    2
  7243.  @Shaun.Stephens  LOL, sorry, but that is the point- how to pronounce the "ou" vowel combination. If Route is "root" then why isn't pout "poot?"
    2
  7244.  @Shaun.Stephens  and my point is that, when Americans and English people pronounce things differently, neither is right and neither is wrong. Two peoples, separated by a common language...
    2
  7245.  @Shaun.Stephens  LOL we will have to agree to disagree on that point. England exported Englishmen throughout the world, and then lost the empire. England no longer gets to claim sole ownership of the language.
    2
  7246. mercoid quite a few are stories I have collected over the years. But I also get quite a few topics from viewers. I come upon topic ideas all the time reading and surfing the web. And I have two other writers finding topics as well. There is an awful lot of history!
    2
  7247.  @loke6664  lol yes, it is likely just a myth, but the story is that too much quinine can be toxic, so the British added gin with the idea that the gin would make you pass out before you could drink a lethal dose of tonic.
    2
  7248.  @rockymountainlifeprospecti4423  thank you!
    2
  7249. No one can say for sure what the Soviets would have done to the horses or to Max Planck. But Soviet treatment of German cultural artifacts and civilians was well documented, and seems that the concerns mentioned in these episodes were not unfounded.
    2
  7250. It was at the time.
    2
  7251. I certianly didn't present any conspiracy theories.
    2
  7252. The new taxi wars are interesting, and it will be interesting to see how the regulation works out.
    2
  7253. どういたしまして
    2
  7254. They were the men who acted as intermediaries between the commission and Talleyrand. Adams hid their names in case we needed to use them as diplomatic intermediaries again. Mr X was Baron Jean-Conrad Hottinguer, Mr Y was Pierre Bellamy, Mr Z was Lucien Hauteval.
    2
  7255. Much less history there- i mostly buy them on eBay.
    2
  7256. Did my best!
    2
  7257. Lol. The etymology of eggs Benedict is uncertain. There are many possible Benedicts after which the dish may be named, but Benedict Arnold is not among them.
    2
  7258. I only know what the report said.
    2
  7259. Yes, extreme weather events have occurred throughout, and presumably even before, human history.
    2
  7260. Certainly not useless- after all, Jefferson and Adams both had to live through infancy. Longevity statistics are thinner the farther back you go, and measures of life expectancy past 20 weren't recorded in the US until 1850. At that point, the average life expectancy after 20 was about 40 years. So, by any standard, 83 and 90 were still exceptional. In fact, both men exceeded the average life expectancy for a male in the US after age 20 today. Of the 56 who signed the Declaration of Independence, only John Adams and Charles Carroll lived to become nonagenarians.
    2
  7261. Probably ten million times. I think ages 8-15 were mostly playing Risk.
    2
  7262. What is your problem with a bow tie? I grew up in Hot Springs…
    2
  7263. Into the Kara sea.
    2
  7264. That is correct. However, the Continental marines were disbanded after the end of the Revolutionary War. The Marine Corps as a permanent force was not created until the Quasi-war. The XYZ affair was a central driver of the legislation that established the corps as a permanent force.
    2
  7265. Yes, odd coincidence on December 7.
    2
  7266. There are a few interesting things about Herbert Hoover.
    2
  7267. Best of the History Guy: Submarines https://youtu.be/HGNSUHnnQwA
    2
  7268. Except that smallpox had a 30% fatality rate.
    2
  7269. Thank you!
    2
  7270. Possibly, I think it is a little too mainstream for forgotten history, but it certainly deserves to be remembered.
    2
  7271. Happy Birthday!
    2
  7272. There is- there are few answers, lots of controversy, and I don't know what I have to add to the debate. I sincerely think that the incident deserves to be remembered, but I can't see wading into such a divisive controversy without something new to add.
    2
  7273. We have not done an episode yet.
    2
  7274. I tink it was actually described along the lines as lethargy.
    2
  7275. MUHROMATIC obvioulsy this could not cover all details of all hospital ships. Wilhelm Gustkoff was an armed transport, not a hospital ship. Britannic was sunk by mine with relatively small loss of life. Mauritania was a lovely ship, but mostly served as a troop transport. I made no statement by what I included, but the intent was a brief history of the use of hospital ships, not to catalogue them all.
    2
  7276. Hope you are doing well after that stint
    2
  7277. Have you looked him up? He was a loyalist who fled to England.
    2
  7278. I have a couple of dozen toy cannons, but they are all toys, none are functional.
    2
  7279. I guarantee you that it would be very obvious if Pocky did not want to be held. He is well paid in cuddles and kibble.
    2
  7280. Happy Birthday!
    2
  7281. Nor would have been likely that the ship could hold position if it found the right spot. But, as we are dealing with purely notional lines, wouldn't the point be where they thought they were, rather than whether they really were they thought they were? And, as the lines are an imaginary convention, would the definition at the time be based on the navigational capabilities of the time?
    2
  7282. That is an interesting counterfactual- the sort of thing that history buffs can discuss forever.
    2
  7283. It is a reproduction based on the movie
    2
  7284.  @drdghattierdc  I have a Maltese Falcon as well…
    2
  7285. Harriet Beecher Stowe was white.
    2
  7286. And don't go to junior high...
    2
  7287. Yes, Books of Secrets were also times of magic, and had some fanciful things in them.
    2
  7288. Yes, I did leave out the Dogger Bank incident. that may be ts own episode sometime.
    2
  7289. I did not "exaggerate," I quoted congressional testimony. The line "could be probably worse than Chernobyl" is a direct quotation from Congressional testimony from Doctor Robert Batzel, who was then Director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and described as "one of the world's foremost experts on such weapons." His point was that this would be different than a radiation leak, in that it would directly contaminate soil with Plutonium.
    2
  7290. jrwomack1 it is called a barracks photo or a “yardlong.” The cameras used to take them were really cool. I got mine at an antique shop. It is company H of the 5th Missouri volunteer infantry in 1927.
    2
  7291. While there is a fair discussion of the morality of war, the laws of war are different. By accepted legal standards at the time, the combined bomber offensive was not a war crime. As to “biggest war crime in history,” I don’t know if you are simply attempting hyperbole, or are surprisingly ignorant of the context of the Second World War. The idea that I am obligated to moralize the plight of the Third Reich is bizarre.
    2
  7292. I am not familiar with that film.
    2
  7293. Respectfully, I don’t imply anything, I quote Doyle directly.
    2
  7294. Yes, Juan Pujol García is on our list.
    2
  7295. That is Sarah Bernhardt as Mélissinde in La Princesse Lointaine by art nouveau artist Paul Berthon in 1901.
    2
  7296. Hi Greg - in scholarly writing, it is preferable to use last names when referring to someone, both as a sign of respect (typically first names are considered informal and assume a relationship between two people) and to avoid confusion. There may be more than one Michael or Richard in the story, and referencing last names can clear up this ambiguity.
    2
  7297. There were some tomb raiders mentioned- kinda priatey.
    2
  7298. Battle of Okinawa. That is AA fire during a Kamikaze attack.
    2
  7299. https://youtu.be/VzObHsRsOx0?si=BeKYre-S-S8dj_wi
    2
  7300. https://youtu.be/pN1uWf2_t_g
    2
  7301. Probably scratching the history couch.
    2
  7302. There is a fair amount of interesting history around the Queen Mary, including the tragic story of HMS Curacoa.
    2
  7303. So sorry for your loss. Yes, it is a sad irony to survive war only to be killed by the mundane risks of life.
    2
  7304. There have been three movie biographies of Joseph Petrosino: The Adventures of Lieutenant Petrosino (1912); Pay or Die (1960); and The Black Hand (1973). Paramount has announced that another is in production.
    2
  7305. I mention both in the video. Locust plagues are still quite common, although not as large as the former North American swarms.
    2
  7306. LOL
    2
  7307. LOL
    2
  7308. Apples are heterozygotes, so the tree that grows from a seed will not be identical to the tree from the apple, but of course you can grow an apple tree from a seed. That is how nature does it.
    2
  7309.  @lairdcummings9092  the idea, after the War of 1812, that even a small American battle fleet might protect us from a European naval blockade wasn’t without reason. Ironically, the flaw in the plan to create such a fleet was the lack of a war with Europe.
    2
  7310. Thank you!
    2
  7311. Sent be a viewer
    2
  7312. Marblehead has an important naval history, and of course it was the Marblehead regiment that got Washington across the Delaware river. CL-12 was actually the third US Navy ship to be named after the city.
    2
  7313. I don't decide whether Pocky joins me when filming. That is up to him...
    2
  7314.  @darkadmiral106  that he is.
    2
  7315. The term currant is used both for Mediterranean "zante raisins" and ribes like red and black currants. That is explained at 4:08. I don't know where you get your information, maybe it is regional, but I've personally eaten black currant scones. Multiple recipes online call for "black currants," not other berries. https://localkitchenblog.com/2009/07/22/black-currant-scones/ https://naomicakes.com/currant-scones-recipe/ https://goodcheapeats.com/easy-black-currant-scones/
    2
  7316. You have to apply and seek permission of the Governor. The process for immigration is described here: https://www.immigration.pn/
    2
  7317. That is a range clock. It shows angle of fire, so ships in a battle line can concentrate fire. The clock was deliberately large enough to be observed by the next ship in line. Developments in radio made them obsolete by the Second World War.
    2
  7318. The issue wasn't the mass- no threat to the mission was ever cited in the investigation. It was that they violated standing policy and used the items for personal gain. It is an odd scandal, but I can at least see why the public found it untoward that, in a time when the median household income was $11,000, some German stamp dealer made $150,000 off of items American taxpayers paid to take to the moon.
    2
  7319. No- I was unaware of that discussion
    2
  7320. FireEMT68 stay tuned. ;)
    2
  7321. That is George H. W. Bush, who was the chief of the Liaison Office with the People’s Republic of China at the time. As we didn’t yet have formal diplomatic relations with the PRC, he was the de-facto Ambassador. He was the official who delivered the ultimatum to be passed on to the Khmer Rouge.
    2
  7322. WE intend to keep posting on Rumble, yes.
    2
  7323. "Mount Hood" is different than "Hood." But, as it happens, the mountain was named after the same guy the ship was named after- Admiral Samuel Hood.
    2
  7324. Then AI is off its rocker. I mean no disrespect, but not only was Stormfury shut down forty years ago, but the theory upon which it was based was entirely to reduce hurricane strength, not increase it. Breaking up the eye-wall would not make a hurricane stronger. And even that theory was shown to be flawed, as the clouds in the eye-wall simply do not include enough supercooled water for cloud seeding to have any notable effect. The extensive documentation of project Stormfury actually only proves that cloud seeding is useless in any attempt to affect hurricanes.
    2
  7325. Don't skip a walk down St James's street!
    2
  7326. YouTube and Teespring work well together, but Teespring doesn't have Bow Ties or Pint Glasses. We are trying to move them on that...
    2
  7327.  @WillBravoNotEvil  absolutely- very like a 1930 edition of National Geographic. It was certainly nothing obscene- just panning group photos of actual peoples of Central Africa in the early 20th century. But YT treats those, apparently, the same as photos from a topless beach.
    2
  7328. A history cat. We have three.
    2
  7329. Some cadets who are fans sent it to me.
    2
  7330. That came from The History Camp swag box two years ago and has the Declaration of Independence on it
    2
  7331. True point.
    2
  7332. 4
    2
  7333. Sorry, but what? Ford was never taken over by the government in the US. (Ford Germany was taken over by the Nazis) Ford voluntarily shut down civilian vehicle production years before the government shut down all civilian manufacturing in 1942. Ford produced some 300k vehicles for the war effort, as well as more than 8000 B-24s at Willow run. I understand that there are criticisms of Henry Ford. But, with all due respect, arguing that Ford was reticent to support the war effort in WWII is the opposite of reality.
    2
  7334. We post twelve episodes a month, usually two of which are sponsored. If it bugs you that much you can just not watch those two.
    2
  7335. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pQnB18vYGMw
    2
  7336. Yes it was.
    2
  7337. Me too!
    2
  7338. This is actually the Trans-Mississippi. The Far Western theater was the pacific coast, Arizona and New Mexico.
    2
  7339.  @BlindMansRevenge2002  https://youtu.be/sdmBYFKHHWg
    2
  7340. That is the point of cubism- the viewer makes of it what they will. Clearly, from the comments, not everyone is a fan.
    2
  7341. So was Heinz pickle company.
    2
  7342. These were nonstop. Interestingly, though, the original system used for Lucky Lady II was designed for commercial use for BOAC.
    2
  7343. Quiet Dignity and Grace antibiotics would have been enough
    2
  7344. Yes, Dr Edwards had difficulty establishing a practice because females simply weren't doctors at the time.
    2
  7345. It is not fair to say that it is an "anti-Valentine." Farewell to Love is certainly a love poem. No, her name was not Valentine- he was writing to Bonne of Armagnac. The fact that he refers to her as "my very gentle valentine" is why the poem is widely acknowledged to be history's first Valentine.
    2
  7346. https://youtu.be/4OkDpD-sUYI
    2
  7347. I still wear the other glasses. I was given five pairs when we did a sponsored episode fir glassesUSA, and switch them around from time to time.
    2
  7348. Not "a 1962," an 1862.
    2
  7349. 58th birthday. She was 22 when they married.
    2
  7350. Lol they literally put pinto ponies in the ads.
    2
  7351. That is an inflatable version of an 8.8 cm shell from the gift shop at The Tank Museum.
    2
  7352. No, not the same song. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SuD2wBzEvf0
    2
  7353. https://youtu.be/ZU7fWeod5zQ
    2
  7354. I use a program called Viddyoze
    2
  7355. They were considered SAGE sites, but had to input data manually.
    2
  7356. That is a direct quotation from a witness. He could not have seen how the explosion occurred, but that was his perception during the battle.
    2
  7357. There was no bow or stern on the Demologos
    2
  7358. A person would have to had waited quite a long time for gold prices to rise.
    2
  7359. The reason that I left out Doctor Snow and the Broad Street pump is that his work was not accepted at the time. In fact, the impulse behind the new sewer system was that miasma theory still held sway.
    2
  7360. The argument is that "slave" is a state of mind and "enslaved person" is a condition. That is, it emphasizes that they were enslaved by someone else. I am not always a fan of politically correct terms, but I do think that, fairly, it is a more descriptive term. And, of course, no matter which I use someone will be offended. Per usual, I intend no political statement, and certainly do not mean to imply that anyone alive today is responsible for the crimes of history.
    2
  7361.  @stevedietrich8936  that is the one provided by the Chief of the mess aboard USS Constitution.
    2
  7362. In the episode I use the term in its historical context, as the term is how the (probably non-existent) Mr Tatum was described when the legend arose. The claim that he was mute is important to the legend, as that is how he was able to avoid prosecution, never having actually asked for change.
    2
  7363. It was, yes. Nothing like the game though...
    2
  7364. The image is online in several places and purports to be the Cap Trafalgar. However, I cannot find anything indicating the original source. I would say, comparing photos, that it does not appear to match the famous photo of Blucher.
    2
  7365. Huh- I had no idea.
    2
  7366. Michael Tovar it looks like it was produced in 2015- just a coincidence that rerun was showing.
    2
  7367. That is a fair question. The only answer I have seen is that the custodian helmet pre-dates women on the force. If there is more reasoning for why female officers use the bowler rather than the custodian helmet, I have not been able to find it.
    2
  7368.  @MichaelOnines  fair point. Sorry- the article is unclear, but likely a JG as a battery commander.
    2
  7369. You can still get squab, just not this species. It is popular in China and can be found on some fine restaurant menus in the US. Most significantly, compared to chicken, it is all dark meat.
    2
  7370. babalon 777 squab is very tender and described as silky. I read one reviewer who said it tasted more like elk steak than chicken. Adult pigeon has less fat and is tough, and is used mostly in stews or slow braised.
    2
  7371. Of course they were, but of course those also came after the experience of Operation Torch.
    2
  7372. LOL fair point, There were no Public Domain images of the inside of a China Airlines flight.
    2
  7373. I have not yet- but it is on the list.
    2
  7374. I suppose I would say coincidence, yes. I have never been to Brisbane.
    2
  7375. That and they wouldn't be quite even when I asked them politely...
    2
  7376. I don’t control ads, but I don’t think so. I think that Google takes ad money as they can get it.
    2
  7377.  @Markle2k  When compared to the B-52, neither turned out to be worth the operational costs.
    2
  7378. Harry B it is still a word, it still means what it means.
    2
  7379. Pookie would live his entire life on someone’s lap if he could.
    2
  7380. Ms History Guy disagrees...
    2
  7381. I don't know if that is fair. Shouldn't soldiers most of all remember the costs of war? But, most sadly, the honor guards have become necessary to protect the tombs from vandalism.
    2
  7382. Cool! That was a fun show.
    2
  7383. That one is Pocky
    2
  7384. https://youtu.be/RWDZT7PaZjo
    2
  7385. I got them from GlassesUSA.com. Talked about them in this episode: https://youtu.be/r6IgOwM7Tx0
    2
  7386. Yes, that is a sad story. I very well may do an episode on the disaster.
    2
  7387. Correct, Tiger 131 was used in the movie Fury.
    2
  7388. I do not intend to belittle the Sherman, which I think is unfairly maligned in many ways. I wouldn’t have told this story if my point was that the M4 was a poor machine. Still, American tankers knew that they were not an equal match in equipment to the best German armor.
    2
  7389.  @duanepigden1337  the Soviets used quite a number of Shermans, and their reports indicate they were both fond of them and thought them to be the equivalent of the T-34.
    2
  7390.  @duanepigden1337  actually, I think the forward armor was always comparable, and the Sherman gun(s) had better penetration.
    2
  7391. Reportedly the damages exceeded $700,000, while the building was only insured for $100,000, so insurance fraud seems unlikely. The cause if the fire was not positively determined.
    2
  7392. We expect to keep producing many more Cold War episodes. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGg6-RjePgeLdrt7bu4nIG4e
    2
  7393. So did I
    2
  7394. I think the concept of freezing is copacetic enough in celsius and Fahrenheit.
    2
  7395. LOL
    2
  7396. That is a good idea. We are ruminating on producing a weekly podcast, and that would be a great addition.
    2
  7397. That statistic is measured different ways. The AAF casualty statistics are lower than combat infantry, but most AAF service members were behind the lines. Aircrews, by some claims, had the highest percent casualty rate of all branches in the US armed forces.
    2
  7398. Mine is working now. I don’t know why the glitch was occurring.
    2
  7399. LOL no- he was very near the explosion. He had gone down to investigate the cause if the fire.
    2
  7400. The allies never admitted to anything other than accidents. The largest incident was the April 1944 bombing of Schaffhausen, and was almost certainly attributable to high winds messing up navigation, (the winds nearly doubled effective air speed.) The bomber formations were broken up and other bombers in the same raid also missed their targets. While there have been various rumors about some of the raids being deliberate, no definitive evidence has so far surfaced.
    2
  7401. Colonel K at least one, at a New Mexico vs New Mexico State game in Las Cruces in 2012.
    2
  7402. For kidnapping…
    2
  7403. I don't plan to talk about Liberty. I do believe that it is history that deserves to be remembered. But the central question has not been resolved, and I don't think that I have anything unique to add to the discussion.
    2
  7404. The theory that he was shot by someone else has been largely discounted, notably by the discovery of the actual pistol. The caliber of the small pocket pistol explains why the bullet was able to deflect off a rib into his stomach.
    2
  7405.  @constipatedinsincity4424  respectfully, I have not seen any record that Secreten confessed to murder nor that he asked forgiveness from a priest. The 1956 interview only admits to having taunted Van Gogh during the summer.
    2
  7406. Hatter. He was apprenticed to become a maker of hats.
    2
  7407. Another extraordinary story of survival.
    2
  7408. I was going for "storming the castle."
    2
  7409. Yes, the motto on the seal of Dakota Territory is rather ironic.
    2
  7410. The scary part is that all the same issues still remain today.
    2
  7411. Yes, that is a Mardi Gras bowtie sent by a friend from New Orleans.
    2
  7412. That was my cat.
    2
  7413. Yes he is.
    2
  7414. That is one of the theories, as it might explain a change in behavior. There does not seem to be a record of the victims who survived suffering from illness though.
    2
  7415. The title was because pineapples could only be afforded by kings, and came with a built on crown.
    2
  7416. There is supposedly a film under development. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4703374/
    2
  7417. Send a pic to business@thehistoryguy.net and we’ll post on social media.
    2
  7418. Both often use nutmeg, cinnamon, allspice and ginger. But typically pumpkin pie spice includes cloves, and apple pie spice includes cardamom.
    2
  7419. It is oddly prophetic, although I am pretty sure he meant a trumpet. You were the first one to mention that.
    2
  7420. Both terms have been used.
    2
  7421. The claim comes from this article, although, to be fair, it does say Kodak "introduced" the polyester based film, not invented it. https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2018/07/microfilm-lasts-half-a-millennium/565643/
    2
  7422. They are wild apples of North America. they tend to be small and rather sour.
    2
  7423. We've talked about the Thetis class a couple of times on channel: https://youtu.be/pryLh2ZqR7Y https://youtu.be/i_HCn3hMrAo
    2
  7424. https://youtu.be/tGlLwtqhUKE
    2
  7425. Actually, it was worse, as water just makes a magnesium fire angry.
    2
  7426. Certainly a hero
    2
  7427. In 1942. It was one of the first US World War II films. I used some clips from the trailer, which is in the public domain. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0035530/
    2
  7428. Good to be back!
    2
  7429. Thank you for your support!
    2
  7430. He is not on the list of pilots who participated in Operation Vengeance.
    2
  7431. Planned for Monday
    2
  7432. I live in Illinois. But I do very much love visiting the UK.
    2
  7433. And both took extraordinary effort to get what they got.
    2
  7434. As it was not so much a car, but a scam designed to take advantage of public reaction to the gas crisis. I'd say I get to it right away. History occurs in context.
    2
  7435. I don’t think the mandela effect can alter historical newspapers.
    2
  7436. Thank you- corrected in a pinned comment.
    2
  7437. Happy New Year!
    2
  7438. Thank you!
    2
  7439. It was an error. I apologize for the mistake
    2
  7440. I have it on my to do list. All in all a mess...
    2
  7441. The original video was made several years ago, long before the series. I like to think they got the idea from me…
    2
  7442. I do have a wooden bow tie, yes.
    2
  7443. There are all kinds of history. I have several episodes where no one dies. But victims of tragedy deserve to be remembered as well.
    2
  7444. That is the Vasa, built under king Gustavus Adolphus https://youtu.be/OoHL8467ba8
    2
  7445. Jalu3 I talk about the voyage of the Mactan in this episode: https://youtu.be/TZD59vApUWc
    2
  7446. Four trees were cut down by vandals the night of December 10, 1941. That was the only instance.
    2
  7447. Stephen Skinner there are a wide range of opinions regarding culpability, and we attempted to provide those without bias. Of course the context of the war was central to the progress of events. However, it is clear that there were multiple actions that could have been taken that likely could have significantly mitigated the disaster despite the constraints of the war.
    2
  7448. https://www.theguardian.com/world/1999/may/04/martinwalker1
    2
  7449. Thank you for your service!
    2
  7450. He loves being held.
    2
  7451. The Army assigned him to make a film to recruit aerial gunners. He qualified as an aerial gunner and flew five combat missions.
    2
  7452. The bear? He may be an episode some day.
    2
  7453. The law of 1802 was more complex than some are presenting- napoleon was never pro-slavery, but he did do what was convenient for the empire.
    2
  7454. DAVID HANLON I respectfully disagree. By any standard Napoleon was more forward thinking than those fighting against him to preserve monarchy. That is not to apologize for the devastation he caused, but to portray Napoleon as the “bad guy” requires, in my opinion, its own skewed perspective. As to the question here, the comment to which you refer was a quotation from another historian, and I fully admit that others might have a different perspective. However, the argument that Napoleon was a “classic sociopath” seems to support the idea that a different outcome at Waterloo might have had significant consequences.
    2
  7455. Yes.
    2
  7456. LOL I will not become involved in current politics. Those are your conclusions to draw. The point is that we protect the right of opinion, even offensive opinion, for a reason.
    2
  7457. pappybugington I have not done enough about the War if 1812.
    2
  7458. Lol- I know. That is called “irony.”
    2
  7459. True.
    2
  7460. I actually don’t drink coffee at all. But there is no denying that this product had an outsized impact on culture.
    2
  7461. The narrow gauge was used especially in the mountains. But no, the US never standardized all railroad gauges.
    2
  7462. Gabriel Phillips Lucky Star
    2
  7463. I have replaced the microphone since this episode.
    2
  7464. https://youtu.be/GeVXAz6MGBA
    2
  7465. The Nautilus and Aquanaut were exceptionally large- designed in the 1920s under the idea of a long-range submarine. They were longer, wider, and displaced half again more tonnage than a Gato class submarine. I am sure it was still quite cramped...
    2
  7466. The Aztecs had textiles, but there is no evidence they used socks. Likewise with the Mayans. The Inca and many North American peoples lined their foot coverings with grass, a technique also used in Europe which perhaps can be called a proto-sock. But there doesn’t seem to be evidence of knitted socks per se in the New World prior to European contact.
    2
  7467. They could and did cut off fuel. the problem was the propeller free rotating in the wind causing drag.
    2
  7468. Julie Stevens the same is often also true at university and with your employer.
    2
  7469. I usually wear french cuffs- and the cuff-links usually match the bow tie.
    2
  7470. The Marine Corps did have its start during the Revolutionary War, but was dissolved after the Revolution along with the Navy. The era mentioned here is when it was recreated and established as a permanent force.
    2
  7471.  @fontastic47  there are far fewer public jobs that can be distributed through spoils, more robust public assistance programs that keep party out of the discussion, and somewhat more transparency in spending and auditing. While there are clearly parallels, it is fair to say the game has shifted. It is, at least, a different machine. But by how much? That’s a fair question.
    2
  7472. Yes, I was wearing a different outfit when I taped the sponsored content.
    2
  7473. The 1000 number is the size of those cities. The 45,000 number referred to the whole territory.
    2
  7474. I am fine- I think my hair is often a tad unruly.,
    2
  7475. That has been corrected in later episodes, and then I dropped the intro altogether.
    2
  7476. bikebrains LOL
    2
  7477. Agreed.
    2
  7478. Local historical societies are often the best source.
    2
  7479. https://youtu.be/xWP7Oq-g5M0
    2
  7480. Dan Canavan I suspect I will do more on gliders in WWII. There is a lot of history to do.
    2
  7481. Yup. They do appear from time to time. The hat is a good reproduction of a bummer (as distinguished from a kepi.)
    2
  7482. gads but there a billion places to talk about politics on the web. There is still room for history.
    2
  7483. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HLyqJF_WhMg
    2
  7484. Sorry- not posting today.
    2
  7485. The current IMDb shows Daisy Ridley in the lead role.
    2
  7486. Happy Birthday!
    2
  7487. I only use media in the public domain, and photos and videos of actual events are often unavailable. The images are for illustration.
    2
  7488. There are no images of the event. Those are all just paintings of ships in storms.
    2
  7489. Those were rebels during the Mexican Revolution, not the Mexican Army. There were also occasional raids by police or constable units.
    2
  7490. The ice cream is actually "Neapolitan," and is so named because the ice cream of three flavors was thought to have originated in Naples.
    2
  7491. This one was about the 2004 mission
    2
  7492. Weren't introduced until 1968. :)
    2
  7493. A mining town founded in the 1880s and abandoned by the turn of the century. There are different stories regarding the town name, but the Los Angeles Times said of it in 1882 "The town of Total Wreck has no appearance of a wreck."
    2
  7494. The lyrics, written by bandleader Patrick Gilmore, don't mention stone wine. However, there was a drinking song called "Johnny Fill up the Bowl" sung to the same tune that included a number of lyrics, apparently often composed by soldiers. Even there, "stone wine" is a misunderstanding, as the refrain was "And we'll all drink stone blind, Johnny fill up the bowl".
    2
  7495. Tim Watson actually, that was likely based on Sir Garnet Wolseley. A small portrait of him is on display in some episodes.
    2
  7496. Fair point. He was said to work as a cowboy at times.
    2
  7497. Not the same John Pemberton. John Clifford Pemberton commanded at Vicksburg, John Stith Pemberton, who was a Lt. Colonel in the Georgia State Guard, invented Coca-Cola.
    2
  7498. We are on the same side of the bridge. :)
    2
  7499. Fair point- Air Force One refers to any Air Force aircraft carrying the president.
    2
  7500. People questioned it at the time, but, apparently, were afraid to say anything.
    2
  7501. MASH was not filmed at Camp Ellis, it was filmed in California. The actual idea of MASH units was developed at Camp Ellis.
    2
  7502. The lost is long, long enough that it appears that it will outlive me.
    2
  7503. If only he used his talents for good…
    2
  7504. An interesting and little remembered aircraft.
    2
  7505. It is an illegal act done for political purposes. For example, blowing up a supply point in a neutral country in order to get them to stop supplying your enemy.
    2
  7506. I certainly am not trying to imitate anyone.
    2
  7507. It is.
    2
  7508. I don’t believe I make the cause out to be “noble” at all- I simply present the history. I do not tell history with any agenda. Respectfully, the “pattern” you have “perceived” seems to be grounded in your own assumptions, not mine.
    2
  7509. https://youtu.be/tGlLwtqhUKE
    2
  7510. I continue to release three a week. Every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 7am Central.
    2
  7511. It was original, but written in Chicago, not New York. The hokey fake-Italian verbage was actually characteristic, and part of how the Black Hand disguised themselves.
    2
  7512. Thank you for the compliment, although I should mention that I am not a professor, just a lover of history. I would love to have more subscribers, it just takes time to build audience.
    2
  7513. This cat is Pockey. He and his sister Strudel were introduced to our Patrons and Members in an exclusive video.
    2
  7514. I think he was more of a sociopath.
    2
  7515. If you cook some up, post and tell us all how it tastes.
    2
  7516. It was a foreign body traversing the sun- the planet mercury. As to photographs, Northern lights are dynamic and colorful, neither of which lends them to early photography which required bright light and exposure time. The first successful, albeit quite blurry, photo of the Aurora was taken by German astronomer Otto Brendel in 1892.
    2
  7517. They did not mass intern all people of Japanese ancestry like on the mainland, but thousands were arrested and interned under martial law.
    2
  7518. I have no enthusiasm for Bolshevism, no. The episode just tells the history of what did and did not happen.
    2
  7519. I didn’t take it as a complaint. I may well tell the stories of the Midshipmen next.
    2
  7520. And a surgery. They do not have isolation wards, and actually group up patients in a way that is not good for controlling pathogens. Mercy and Comfort were designed for combat casualties.
    2
  7521. That is awesome! That came from my istock subscription. If I may say, you make a very believable old west outlaw....
    2
  7522. We research the best we can, and try to present a balanced account. As much as possible we search out primary references. We fully recognize that there will always be a matter of interpretation, and welcome opposing viewpoints that are respectfully presented. I am always happy to engage in historical discussion.
    2
  7523. Grantos Maximus great movie.
    2
  7524. It was reported in the New York Times. It was noted that editor Henry Raymond personally manned one of the guns. I wish I had more detail. The period reporting did not mention where or why they got the guns, nor how many they had. I suspect they had been acquired in case of a Confederate incursion into the city, which was a distinct threat during the war. It does not seem that any large number of people were gunned down, so apparently the mere threat was sufficient. There is a mention of the Gatling guns here: https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/harp/0801.html
    2
  7525. They used diesel generators.
    2
  7526. I am sure the pool got pretty choppy as well
    2
  7527. Kyle we visited the Alton Museum of History and Art and found several great topics.
    2
  7528. That was the elephant of Henry III, gifted, purportedly, on a crusade in the 13th century, some 450 years after Charlemagne.
    2
  7529. They were quoting the poem on the memorial.
    2
  7530. It was not- the auto-pilot of the time was not connected to the rudder, and the yaw exceeded the auto-pilot's ability to compensate. On auto-pilot alone this plane would have gone out of control.
    2
  7531. Helve Hammer good question. I will research that.
    2
  7532. We did talk about the fate of the Stier: https://youtu.be/3JKBKXIMGNE
    2
  7533. Most allied AA guns carried some AP rounds, but were not optimized for the anti-armor role.
    2
  7534. Well, much cleaner yes. Wind and dust ca. go either way.
    2
  7535. Uniforms were never actually standard, as so many regiments were created from local militia. That was particularly true early in the war, and the first Iowa was raised immediately after Lincoln's first call for troops, and mustered out shortly after Wilson's Creek. The core of the regiment was a company called the "Governor's Greys," which had been formed in 1859.
    2
  7536. Good point- yes, I might well do that. thanks!
    2
  7537. I literally said exactly that in the conclusion.
    2
  7538. Maybe another episode.
    2
  7539. There are no living descendants.
    2
  7540. Yeah, it doesn't look quite safe to me...
    2
  7541. U-505 is a good story, and a Type IX boat like the U-66. It is not surprising that naval ships had small arms, no, and crews (sailors and marines) might be called upon for shore action. It was uncommon, but not unheard of, for them to be used in a naval engagement.
    2
  7542. Lol
    2
  7543. I can’t find any such reference.
    2
  7544. Covered in this episode: https://youtu.be/Hy3a6PvIcxI
    2
  7545. Thank you for your service!
    2
  7546. 1888. he died in 1972.
    2
  7547. Possibly in the future.
    2
  7548. Joshua Inouye the Supreme Court Case was National Socialist Party vs Skokie: https://caselaw.findlaw.com/us-supreme-court/432/43.html The case before the 7th circuit that I quoted was Collin vs Smith: https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/578/1197/448646/ The ACLU justifications I mostly got from this op ed by Aryeh Neier: https://chicago.suntimes.com/columnists/lessons-in-free-speech-40-years-after-nazis-planned-skokie-march/amp/
    2
  7549. You are overstating the role of the INA in the battle. Their primary assignment was to try to infiltrate the lines and convince Indian soldiers to rebel, and they found no luck doing so. Some units effectively guarded flanks, but they arrived too late to affect the main battle and lost substantial numbers in the retreat. While their participation was symbolically meaningful, their role in the actual battle and outcome was minimal. The INA is certainly histrionically meaningful, but much more in terms of changing attitudes after the war than in combat during the war. Airpower certainly played a significant role in the battle. However, the plan was always a gamble, and supply was insufficient.
    2
  7550. I beg to differ. The Tiger had become aware of the M8 and was trying to turn, clearly it had a great advantage, being a much more powerful vehicle. Being "bounced" does not mean it wasn't a duel, as strategy is part of "dueling." If they were scared out of their wits, they certainly acted the exact opposite of the way that you would expect. Rather, they seemed to recognize the situation and take advantage of a unique opportunity.
    2
  7551. To be fair, they might think the same of us.
    2
  7552. Molly Larson yes, I noted the mistake in the comments.
    2
  7553. We love him too.
    2
  7554. LOL. Never heard that one before. ;)
    2
  7555. https://youtu.be/jD7nRrSH_VE?si=67qn_N5Hyub-iuKI
    2
  7556. The event supposedly occurred in 1820
    2
  7557. 6zzzzzz6zzzzzz6 collectors call that “salty.” The hats are round 80+ years old and were used in service- wear is expected. To collectors, it is actually desirable for them to show wear. Why would I remove grime that the owner put there in service? Most collectors actually keep them in the shape in which they are discovered.
    2
  7558. I am sorry for the error.
    2
  7559. It is certainly a good story, he is an interesting figure.
    2
  7560. Justin Pipes it is not in the public domain. I am careful about copyright.
    2
  7561. Not this trip. Wales is lovely, and we might plan one there sometime.
    2
  7562. I also loved the series with Peter Cushing. So many good Sherlocks!
    2
  7563. https://youtu.be/HlrRNB6OtRc
    2
  7564. I certainly hope there is nothing in the episode that you find to be "anti-Irish bigotry." It was not my intent to make any judgment, but to accurately represent the historical position of Ireland in the war.
    2
  7565. After the Armistice of Cassibile they weren’t enemies, and that allowed them to work in war industries. While the presence of POWs raised suspicion, the Air Ministry was adamant in the confidence that enemy action was not involved.
    2
  7566. I don’t think there is an political agenda related to intersex conditions.
    2
  7567. ray liar I am working in it, but I am simply a fast talker.
    2
  7568. Hmmm- not unless you added extra armor. Otherwise it is a production model.
    2
  7569.  Mitch Paul  I agree, and it is on our topic list.
    2
  7570. It is, yes. I watch on my device all the time
    2
  7571. That is Ms History Guy
    2
  7572. Newspapers at the time wrote that he discounted the pirate story. It is amusing that that is the one he told in later years. I was unable to find an obituary for him, but he certainly kept sailing, and purchased his own schooner in 1925.
    2
  7573. It was a Carley float, the wood was a platform, it did not provide the buoyancy. Carley floats were designed so that they could float top and bottom.
    2
  7574. Jim Beckert https://youtu.be/h8vTt9Y1mkQ
    2
  7575. LOL yes, I wear pants. I have not done a single episode without pants.
    2
  7576. If you email thehistoryguyYT@gmail.com we can send an address
    2
  7577. Howard Johnson it refers to the list of casualties after a battle.
    2
  7578. Lol yes, I grew up in the Black Hills.
    2
  7579. “Netherlandish Proverbs” by Pieter Bruegel the Elder
    2
  7580. The history written by the National Park Service suggests both reasons for the name: https://www.nps.gov/articles/minuteman-icbm.htm#:~:text=Remotely%20controlled%20from%20underground%20launch,Hence%20the%20name%20Minuteman.
    2
  7581. Australian BBQ was likely derived from the Americas and is a more recent tradition. But Australia has certainly put their own mark on the cuisine.
    2
  7582. One is coming up- probably next week.
    2
  7583. Quite a few ship sthat we have mentioned in other episodes were damaged in the battle- the William D Porter, the O'Brien, the England, USNS Comfort. Of the six battleships that survived Pearl Harbor, five participated in the battle (Pennsylvania was being refitted at the time.) All five were damaged in kamikaze attacks.
    2
  7584. The flowers are also what are used for wine.
    2
  7585. The problem with including the cats more is that it requires the cooperation of the cats.
    2
  7586. Yes, duck canvas can be made of hemp.
    2
  7587. I don't think so, in that the silos were designed to with stand near hits from Soviet missiles. I don't think that it would have been close enough to another silo to cause more explosions.
    2
  7588. Nothing special- I bought it at a museum.
    2
  7589. I had not known previously that Midway airport was established in order to keep planes from flying over Chicago.
    2
  7590. I debated whether to include the trials at all, as that is an issue beyond the scope of an episode this length all by itself.
    2
  7591. https://youtu.be/JToXrR3pM0E
    2
  7592. Did you watch the video? I don't believe that "disdain" is a fair description of anything I said. The disaster was one of publicity, but I fairly challenge the evidence that drove that publicity. I have no agenda.
    2
  7593. I love Louis, but all his music is under copyright. An episode on him would be difficult.
    2
  7594. Thank you!
    2
  7595. Robotic mowers are already available.
    2
  7596. He was the very embodiment of April Fool's Day. Bunga Bunga!
    2
  7597.  @RileyRampant  much of that is because of the twenty-fifth amendment. But there is nothing to require that the VP participate in cabinet meetings, that is a relatively new development.
    2
  7598. https://youtu.be/E2383ElpU4U
    2
  7599. The website is no more monetized than YouTube, and there is no charge for using it. The videos are actually still hosted on YouTube.
    2
  7600. I honestly don't know.
    2
  7601. I can only talk about so much.
    2
  7602. It is. It has a button to make it say the line.
    2
  7603. animal16365 yes, Castle Itter is on my list.
    2
  7604. I might, yes.
    2
  7605. It is amazing, given their situation, that Scott’s team took the time and effort to collect and carry fossils. Truly heroic.
    2
  7606. Different person entirely...
    2
  7607. I did several times, but it became tedious to do every time. I am American too, but the race was in France, and the accident happened in KPH.
    2
  7608. I have a nice antique pair of pince nez, but they make quite a glare on camera.
    2
  7609. https://youtu.be/5DLKI4VltuE. https://youtu.be/NJorEFeox9s
    2
  7610. Thanks!
    2
  7611. Grade 304.
    2
  7612. It is. The White ship would have been a longship of similar construction.
    2
  7613. LOL whichever one I did last usually. I do have a soft spot for Timothy: https://youtu.be/1tyJniqvqeg
    2
  7614.  Tommy Peterson  Yes, we will almost certainly cover the Tybee Island collision at some point.
    2
  7615. Agreed, every boundary has a story.
    2
  7616. I hope to do an episode on Mehpisto. There is quite a lot of story in its preservation as well.
    2
  7617. I have not yet. Maybe in the future.
    2
  7618. The siege of Acre might be another episode. This episode was not intended to detail the entire Egyptian campaign.
    2
  7619. Walter Clark lol no, not made up. I just like telling stories that are little told.
    2
  7620. The reasoning behind the Pals battalions was similar to the Bantams.
    2
  7621. It actually means both saw and mountain range, although its use for mountain range is an allusion to the shape of a sawblade. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sierra_mountains
    2
  7622. RebelFlag61 I am not sure your point. I think that people know what the 1918 influenza pandemic was. Certainly there was no effort to obfuscate anything.
    2
  7623. https://youtu.be/Tx_GuNizRNk
    2
  7624. Russell Starkey I might. What has held me back is that there seemed to be an awful lot on YT about it already. It provides a great lesson in wildlife management.
    2
  7625. Both Locals and YT take a cut. Such is life…
    2
  7626. Thank you!
    2
  7627. Glad you liked it.
    2
  7628. We mention that in the episode.
    2
  7629. We talked about the Goldsboro accident in this episode: https://youtu.be/yIrSBmG46n8
    2
  7630. I have four. Two made it into this episode.
    2
  7631. Not that I would admit to.
    2
  7632. Beth Bartlett thank you! If you are interested in supporting The History Guy, I have a Patrean page where you can subscribe. Www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    2
  7633. I got to work with him before he retired last year, but we never met in person. He is a truly amazing individual.
    2
  7634. The aquifer was drained.
    2
  7635. Pascal Chauvet LOL I have no idea. I am a historian, not a mechanic...
    2
  7636. The space pirates have yet to show themselves.
    2
  7637. His unit was the 27th Marine Regiment of the Fifth Marine Division.
    2
  7638. Jensen Healey it has a story, of course. But the short version is that it was in going into storage and someone looked in the logbook and saw that date “Dec 7, 1941.” It was actually transferred to the museum in 1960, and was in a museum storage facility in Maryland for fifty years before beginning the process of restoration.
    2
  7639. I agree. Despite all the geopolitics involved, early space pioneers took great risks on behalf of all humanity.
    2
  7640. It would be hard on the income of a YouTubter...
    2
  7641. Well, to be fair, they had two pistols.
    2
  7642. Thank you all for your service!
    2
  7643. Only sort of. It was slightly overloaded due to fuel, but by the time it went missing, it would have burned enough fuel that it would not have been overweight. Correct, unless it overflew Bermuda by mistake, it would not have been in the Bermuda triangle.
    2
  7644. Interesting that that jacket cover was in the Public Domain.
    2
  7645. Yes, we'll likely have an episode on the Panay incident at some point.
    2
  7646.  @iKvetch558  you can borrow the book free online here: https://archive.org/details/superfortresssto0000lema/page/120/mode/2up LeMay describes the change in strategy on pages 122- 124. To hear him tell it, it was his idea.
    2
  7647. I think that is just an artifact of the software I use to improve image resolution- it is a little wonky with faces.
    2
  7648. That information is all in the episode.
    2
  7649. That was more than rumor. Yes he was impaled and pinned.
    2
  7650. Fair point. I included almost as much as seems to have been recorded about the Spanish version of events, but the episode was, admittedly, told from the American perspective.
    2
  7651. Part of the issue was that only the Mexican Navy was allowed to use the eagle emblem on the their ship's flags. It is questionable, however, whether the German claim that the sinking was an error was true. Germany refused to Mexican complaints, and offered no such explanation at the time.
    2
  7652. Few people eat crabapples. The apples we cultivate in America are not native cultivars, no.
    2
  7653. That was my mistake to leave those there. Those are clips from Captain Kidd (1945) with Randolph Scott and Charles Laughton. The movie is in the Public Domain, and I used a few clips and forgot some at the end. The full movie is here: https://archive.org/details/CaptainKidd1945RESTORED
    2
  7654. Eurotrash4367 it is an army officer’s cover, but not USAAF. The owner was in the medical corps in France. The skull is actually a hat display, not a vodka bottle.
    2
  7655.  @robertbertagna1672  thank you.
    2
  7656. My description is certainly how the scripture was interpreted by the Roman inquisition.
    2
  7657. He did not.
    2
  7658. Meat packer Sam Wilson is most commonly seen as the inspiration for Uncle Sam, although the time period was the War of 1812, not the Civil War. The character, however, may predate him. We likely will have an episode on Uncle Sam at some point.
    2
  7659. That is an interesting question. It would also be interesting to see how the area might be different had the Federal Republic of Central America endured.
    2
  7660. Happy Birthday!
    2
  7661. LOL she can't even keep her collar on.
    2
  7662. It is on his nose- more mustache than bow tie.
    2
  7663. Paul Gardner oh, LOL-sorry.
    2
  7664. Yes that was my error. Suzy Hastings was a clerk typist.
    2
  7665. It seemed plenty solid.
    2
  7666. https://youtu.be/ccjKdCp9TZo?si=j8MUzw7xRUVlLlbi
    2
  7667. Always with the negative waves...
    2
  7668. https://youtu.be/UwavMbo6Tew?si=oYHA-DZ2RCJZKg_5 https://youtu.be/D-xzn1nILwM?si=urF8cgHdUEbISlNZ
    2
  7669. Planned for Monday
    2
  7670. That is Pocky, Strudel’s brother. He was a tad fidgety- had things to do.
    2
  7671. Happy Birthday!
    2
  7672. Thank you! It was a Father’s Day present.
    2
  7673. I think the appropriate term is "New Mexico BBQ."
    2
  7674. It is not my intention to ignore New Zealand- it is a big world and there is an awful lot of history to cover. I did make a brief mention of the Battle of Manners street at the end of the episode. I also have this episode: https://youtu.be/GeVXAz6MGBA
    2
  7675. Thank you!
    2
  7676. I never mean to minimize the contribution of any of belligerents. Australians fought with not just extraordinary bravery in both World Wars, but also managed an exceptional level of mobilization for a population their size and a largely all volunteer force.
    2
  7677. According to the legend reinforcements arrived just as the last man fell.
    2
  7678. That is a rather new assessment. For a century and a half it was assumed that the folk song was an allegory for the working man, but not based on an actual person.
    2
  7679. David Harris that is an unconventional argument. The general claim has been that his orders were to secure Gettysburg as a general consolidation point. And his use of defense in depth was tactically brilliant. But he did, in effect, bring the Confederate army to battle without consulting his superiors. It is not hard to see how that can be seen as an error.
    2
  7680. LOL that was my mistake. Somehow in the middle of the episode I shifted to a word that doesn't exist. Pomology is correct. You are the first person who noticed- I was wondering when someone would catch that. Sorry for the error.
    2
  7681. LOL no.
    2
  7682. The problem was having a mixed fleet, requiring two sets of measurements.
    2
  7683. Fair point
    2
  7684. Thank you!
    2
  7685. A classic photo of NYC’s Flatiron building.
    2
  7686. Oh, LOL. Some viewers thought that it sounded awkward. I have been experimenting with the introduction.
    2
  7687. We might do a full episode on the the events sometime, but we gave a brief discussion of the overthrow of the kingdom and the annexation of Hawaii in this episode: https://youtu.be/QIcOI4a0LP8
    2
  7688. J Mene LOL think you mean a full video- not a dull one. ;)
    2
  7689. Nearly contemporary, depending upon when Holmes started his killing. His time in Chicago would have been a few years later.
    2
  7690. It seemed too off topic and technical to try to explain in the episode.
    2
  7691. That is United States Navy footage from 1943. The title is "Marine Fighter Pilots, Base Hospital No. 3, Espiritu Santo 1943." The footage does not list the squadron, but it was on Espritu Santo, so most probably VMF-214. The description says the officer doing the briefing is Lt Kenneth Walsh, who is a Medal of Honor recipient, but was not with VMF-214. But, looking at the footage, it is pretty obviously Pappy Boyington. Full video here: https://archive.org/details/NPC-1425a
    2
  7692. Portland Westbrook Municipal
    2
  7693. BOB PRODUCTIONS!! That is a lot for the size, but someday I will have to do the charge of the 21st.
    2
  7694. Is that good?
    2
  7695. Mostly taken from NOAA history pages. Email me at thg@thehistoryguy.net and I can give some references.
    2
  7696. I have been there many times
    2
  7697. True-history occurs every day.
    2
  7698. Yes, this was SM-1. These were the "V-boats," built in the 1920s. They were the largest non-nuclear submarines ever built by the United States.
    2
  7699. Just two families over just two generations.
    2
  7700. LOL no, I wasn’t drinking.
    2
  7701. The general story that the RR gauge was derived from Roman roads is, at least, exaggerated, as Britain operated under several gauges from the start. I mention that in this episode: https://youtu.be/4v81Gwu6BTE
    2
  7702. Mark Schwartz lol
    2
  7703. billiondollardan Nimitz’ argument was that sailors had forgotten lessons of seamanship that would have been more effective than depending on information from Pearl Harbor. But Halsey was also slow to recognize the strength of the storm, slow to give the order to break formation, and in other ways erred so as to exacerbate the problem.
    2
  7704. I give a brief historical overview in this episode. There may be more episodes in the future. https://youtu.be/t09m0OS6S-I
    2
  7705. Chinook winds are a very different weather phenomenon. South Dakota's Record Breaking Weather https://youtu.be/4auMcmLsMB8
    2
  7706. Correct- that is a Martin M-130, another large flying boat used by Pan Am. I used the photo because it included the Golden gate bridge.
    2
  7707. Michael that she is!
    2
  7708. Antiochus IV Epiphanes was the son of Antiochus III The Great.
    2
  7709. It is called a "cap comforter." I don't have one. Yet.
    2
  7710.  @michaelkenny8540  The Germans recognized the value of dual purpousing the gun during the Spanish Civil War. The cruciform was built to easily deploy, and the gun could be fired from its carriage. A normal crew could fully emplace in 2 1/2 minutes and disemplace in 3 1/2. It's recoil was semi-automatic. A portion of the barrel was made to be detachable and easily switched out. It is simply inaccurate to claim that the only unique aspect of the gun was that it was deployed as "overkill." I did not make up the information in the episode. The weapon was highly regarded by both allied command and troops in the field as well as by the men who operated them. The comment at the end of the episode was a direct quotation from a respected historian who also served in France with the 103rd infantry division. Certainly determinations like "best weapon" will always be subjective. But the claim that the 8.8 cm Flak was unexceptional is simply inconsistent with the assessment of both contemporaneous and modern experts.
    2
  7711.  @michaelkenny8540  I can only say that much of what you just asserted is completely contradicted by the historical record.
    2
  7712. I mentioned the "Buck and a Quarters" in this episode. Talked about Izzy and Moe here: https://youtu.be/Xcl_HrmtgIk
    2
  7713. That is called a range clock. It was used to help groups of ships coordinate targets.
    2
  7714.  @matta5498  yes- there was a clock on the front and back on the main mast. One hand represented range, the other barrel angle. Ships on a battle line could then all shoot at the same target. Improvements in radio made then largely irrelevant by the start of the war.
    2
  7715. It is not all grey...
    2
  7716. https://youtu.be/suqtVwh8O7c https://youtu.be/eqkTddTNMBY https://youtu.be/TZD59vApUWc https://youtu.be/rkZuSc0WtJc
    2
  7717. There are a few more that at least involve the Philippines. I am sure there will be more.
    2
  7718. He talked about that in his memoir- it was his first taste of combat.
    2
  7719. I only covered that briefly, as it is not central to the topic. In between, the term was used especially by the Philadelphia Police department, to refer to the difficulty with increased traffic as well as shoplifting and conflicts at retail stores that accompanied the beginning of the Christmas shopping season. Again the connotation was negative. Many claim that the term was popularized via Philadelphia. The term has now expanded, largely via Amazon, to the UK and Europe, despite them not regularly celebrating the last Thursday in November as a holiday.
    2
  7720. Still there. You can see it live. https://cornpalace.com/157/Corn-Cam
    2
  7721. Sorry, you misunderstood. 95% of the avocados grown in California are Hass, not 95 % of the Hass are grown in California.
    2
  7722. I think you make fair points. Regardless of the boundaries of a supposed area, there are mysteries here, and those are interesting and deserve to be remembered. Personally I find less interesting whether they occur with more frequency in that area (the evidence suggests they do not,) than the point made by Jones in 1950, that no matter how advanced we think we are, men and their machines and ships can still simply disappear. That is illustrated by the mystery of MH370. Too, I think simply writing off these events is a mistake. There are numerous ways that Star Tiger and Star Ariel could have bern lost. But it takes an extraordinary confluence of events to cause a plane to simply disappear without an SOS or debris, and two in a year has to be seen as notable. The same can be said of flight 19. Those circumstances were simply not normal by any standards. The triangle may have been exaggerated to sell books, but that doesn’t mean that these events didn’t involve real mystery, and real history that deserves to be remembered.
    2
  7723. I don’t think that “hogwash” is quite fair. Cyclops is a massive ship to not know where she sits. An entire flight of Navy planes being simply lost that close to Florida is strange by any standard. Commercial planes lost without a trace should be frightening to people. If authors have overstated the connection between those events, or their frequency, to sell books, they are still real mysteries. And if the area is particularly dangerous because of the large number of islands and uncharted shoals, weather caused by the gulf stream, or the sheer number of inexperienced boaters, that is all in the “good to know” category.
    2
  7724. She knew when to duck.
    2
  7725. Thank you!
    2
  7726. Only almost started a war…
    2
  7727. Thank you for your support!
    2
  7728. Yes, John Curtin suffered from congenital Strabismus.
    2
  7729.  @simetric6551  I am certainly not acting as an apologist for British colonialism.
    2
  7730. Thank you!
    2
  7731. Nondescript not yet.
    2
  7732. Dean Perkins I did several imperial conversions throughout. Usually I am getting the opposite complaint.
    2
  7733. RoAnnon that was my mistake- it is noted in the pinned comment. She was born in 1906.
    2
  7734. I just shift stuff around the set sometimes. They'll rotate back in eventually.
    2
  7735. Cheryl Taylor that term actually refers to the Cuckoo bird
    2
  7736. Quaternary Tetrad yes, it is.
    2
  7737. I am sorry to have offended.
    2
  7738. You thought wrong. I am sorry, but the replacement theory is thoroughly debunked. “Easily switched” is simply not true- the two were dissimilar in ways that could not be masked. The original part markings, mentioned in the episode, should be sufficient evidence, but there is much more. It was, a mountain of evidence demonstrates, Titanic that sunk.
    2
  7739.  @msmeyersmd8  There are many ways to see history. But there are some verifiable facts. The numbers on the materials should be ample enough evidence to put this particular conspiracy theory to rest.
    2
  7740. Oil fired.
    2
  7741. I did not miss it- I mentioned it specifically. But, in fact, all residents lost their civil rights. The martial law applied to everyone, although Japanese Americans were more often targets for arrest. In fact, in Duncan v Kahanamoku, the plaintiff was Duncan, and the MP that arrested him was Kahanamoku.
    2
  7742. Executed for murdering fellow prisoners. Quite possibly will do an episode on them.
    2
  7743. Census are taken every ten years. Losing one means a twenty year gap.
    2
  7744. With D-Day markings
    2
  7745. Agreed.
    2
  7746. I did "miss that chance." The two methods were not particularly similar, and really unrelated. Kaiser did not derive his methods from Ford's Eagle boats.
    2
  7747. Not that he mentioned.
    2
  7748. The line is “elderly Americans are particularly vulnerable.” The point is not that Americans are more vulnerable, I was just using statistics about loss due to phishing in America because those are publicly available. The elderly are potentially more vulnerable because they tend to be more trusting and less tech savvy.
    2
  7749. I may do the Battle off Samar some time. It has been difficult to find the story to fit into the time limits of the channel. There is a lot to tell...
    2
  7750. I fully respect that some have concerns with the platform.
    2
  7751. Sorry!
    2
  7752. Thank you! A couple of people had suggested it, and topic suggestions are always appreciated!
    2
  7753. Roughly .62 miles per hour.
    2
  7754. There are certainly many more stories to tell.
    2
  7755. It is from the Grey and Simcoe Foresters, and yes, I will likely do an episode on them.
    2
  7756. My cats are entirely indoor animals. They have never killed a single bird.
    2
  7757. I couldn't find a global statistic. According to the CDC domestic cattle kill an average of 22 people in the US annually. By comparison, tractors kill an average of 241.
    2
  7758. Fair point- thanks! We'll fix that
    2
  7759. Actually the 1918 film is notable for staying more true to the original novel.
    2
  7760. LOL sorry, I can't speak for Facebook. This is a shareable link to the episode: https://youtu.be/5DLKI4VltuE
    2
  7761. That is a Loughead S-1 Sport.
    2
  7762. Others have also stood up for Watson. But I do feel obligated to note that the comment about Watson being “rather stupid” came directly from Arthur Conan Doyle.
    2
  7763. Agreed- there were multiple systems in multiple nations and no way to highlight them all. Admittedly the episode focused more on the track in the United States.
    2
  7764. That is a fair claim, although their killings combined aspects of spree killing and serial killing. Their murders do seem different than modern day serial killers. They may be the subject of a future episode. Horrible people, truly...
    2
  7765. That is not us- YouTube does not allow comments on videos made for children. And thank you! The narrators are my nephews, and great guys.
    2
  7766. I might do an episode on the St Nazarie raid some time.
    2
  7767. I believe we fairly and accurately describe the office, which was titled "President of the United States in Congress Assembled." I specifically listed exactly the caveats that you list in your comment, and multiple times from the introduction to the conclusion made it clear that the office was distinct from the office of the President of the United States as we understand it today. You will notice that the description does not say "president of the United States," but that they held the office of president "in the United States." The language is deliberate. Sit, I truly am a historian. I am happy to take criticism, but please do not question my position as a historian while making a comment that makes it obvious that you did not even watch the episode being criticized.
    2
  7768. He graduated in 1862
    2
  7769. We were in southern wales, and it was too far a drive for the time we had. Hopefully next time.
    2
  7770. Fair point- the purchase really granted the United States the right to take land from the native Americans, by treaty or conquest, to the exclusion of other colonial powers.
    2
  7771. Respectfully, I disagree. Franklin is generally credited with the invention. The letter you referenced was written in August, 1784 to his friend George Whatley. However, when he says that he is “happy in the invention of double spectacles” he is referring to his own invention. He describes how he invented them in another letter to Whatley in May, 1785. The text of both letters is here: https://franklinpapers.org/framedVolumes.jsp?vol=43&page=149 https://franklinpapers.org/framedVolumes.jsp?vol=42&page=147
    2
  7772. Thank you!
    2
  7773. The pickellhaube is a reproduction, nothing special. My great uncle was in a Baden unit, so it has some meaning to me. I have not been to the Maryland antique arms show, but will try to find the time to come out some time.
    2
  7774.  @kevinkurtz9889  magnets do stick to some stainless steel- it depends on type and composition. The types commonly used for appliances are austenitic stainless steel, with high amounts of nickel and chromium that makes them non-magnetic.
    2
  7775. Actually I do.
    2
  7776. Sorry, my mistake.
    2
  7777. We may do an episode on Pea Ridge in the future.
    2
  7778. Dorrin W I used to reply to every comment, but we have outgrown my capacity to keep up.
    2
  7779.  @MrScott1171  correct- my mistake. Although Wyoming’s service does deserve to be remembered. She was used to develop anti-kamikaze tactics.
    2
  7780. The_History_Guy. I'll be the one that misses/getting stuck on an island.
    2
  7781. Ilyushin Il-28 bombers.
    2
  7782. And the shockers...
    2
  7783. Here too
    2
  7784. There is little extant record except for the names of the boats. But the Spanish listed no one killed in either action.
    2
  7785. https://youtu.be/6Nvq9n_QUZY
    2
  7786. Thanks- I reported and blocked them.
    2
  7787. It is an inflatable representation of an 8.8 cm round. It came from the gift shop at The Tank Museum.
    2
  7788. I don't know of a film specifically about Los Banos. There have been a few on the Cabanatuan raid.
    2
  7789. I will research it.
    2
  7790. The point was not to assign blame for Mers-el-Kebir, but to express the French point of view, which drove the decision to use an all-American force at Casablanca.
    2
  7791. Kevin Hasson that’s a Ulysses Grant bobblehead
    2
  7792.  @sorryforthings72  the video posted the same day that the president announced that he and the First Lady tested positive for Covid-19.
    2
  7793.  @jnstonbely5215  what “crack” about President Trump?
    2
  7794. Isn't that how I was pronouncing it? I really was trying. Most American pronounce the hard G.
    2
  7795. https://youtu.be/XYHDN98MM1w
    2
  7796.  Stephens Butt  we may do ab episode or two on historical sightings.
    2
  7797.  @GnYc3  she loves the bus. She enjoys the ride.
    2
  7798. Yes
    2
  7799. I have not control over the ads, which Google actually targets towards the viewer, so likely others did not get the same ad.
    2
  7800. Thank you!
    2
  7801. Nope. It was a tiny five watt reactor.
    2
  7802. I still have it. I shuffle things around on set. It will come back eventually.
    2
  7803. I don't see how I am promoting any lie. I stated the numbers who died and who emigrated. As this was not an episode on the great famine, I dis not talk to causes.
    2
  7804. There is some discussion of what constitutes bacon, but certainly other meats can be bacon cured. Notably in America bacon was often made from cow-navel.
    2
  7805. LOL yes, Evelyn Nielsen Wood was an entirely different person.
    2
  7806. Barack Obama there were approximately three times as many battle casualties in the Atlantic theaters as opposed to the Pacific theaters.
    2
  7807. I aim for two a week.
    2
  7808. I do not. In 1947 it was Biggs Air Force Base. It operated as an Air Force base until 1966. Since 1973 it has been Biggs Army Airfield. Today it is an Army facility.
    2
  7809. Thank you!
    2
  7810. No.
    2
  7811. It is a special edition GI Joe. Not inflatable…
    2
  7812. That is a fair point, but I wanted to point out that she was with the New Zealand squadron, which was the precursor to the Royal New Zealand Navy.
    2
  7813. Filming life to Remember it. I did mention Oldendorf. But, of course the episode was about Task Force 34, not Suriago Strait. I may do other episodes highlighting other parts of the battle.
    2
  7814. Samuel Hayden that is a good movie- we watched last week. The Harpe brothers were much earlier and much more homicidal.
    2
  7815. https://youtu.be/xtALN8S79CY?si=YxfjjsVkBaQvDA4A
    2
  7816. My bank account suggests otherwise
    2
  7817. I tend to coalesce a number of sources to produce these, so creating bibliographies has turned out to be time prohibitive. But I am happy to offer references where I can in response to specific questions. For a general description of the XYZ Affair, William Stinchcomb's 1980 reference is pretty much the definitive work, although somewhat difficult to find. For something a little less daunting, the State Department Office of the Historian has a description here: https://history.state.gov/milestones/1784-1800/xyz The affair is also covered in part VI of the delightful HBO miniseries John Adams.
    2
  7818. I don't want to challenge anyone's expertise, but I do think the original story is possible. Using standard measures, the 37 mm gun M6 showed an ability to penetrate to penetrate 61 mm at a flat angle at 500 yards (recall the rear of a tiger one was not sloped) with APC M51 ammunition. It does not seem beyond reason that it could penetrate 80 mm at less than 1/3 that range. Moreover, the M8 had a height of 7'4 1/2". A Tiger I hull height was 5'8" and a Tiger II hull height was 6'1". That is, at that range, the gun may have been firing down into the engine grates, where the armor is much thinner (top armor was 25 mm.) That would be consistent with the description, where it appears the tank's engine had caught fire.
    2
  7819. Gerald Trice thank you for your service!
    2
  7820. Happy Halloween!
    2
  7821. Given to me by a viewer.
    2
  7822. I am not sure what this would be. There was a crash that killed several Soviet Olympic hockey players in 1950, and of course the famous crash involving the Chilean soccer team in the Andes was in 1972.
    2
  7823. Yes, that is certainly on the list. There were several similar incidents.
    2
  7824. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhaqf9Nk_fkzRlQNrsB2iMb
    2
  7825. blackvulcan100 two cultures separated by a common language.
    2
  7826. 1945 New Guinea Rescue https://youtu.be/6tYd6MAVmf8
    2
  7827. Walter Brown Lol yes. The intention is between five and ten minutes.
    2
  7828. Except when referencing the NASA program. https://www.wral.com/amp/story/why-does-first-man-say-gemini-as-geminee-nasa-explains-sorta-/17923342/
    2
  7829. I'd still love to have one...
    2
  7830. It was those photos, yes. If they appear in past episodes, don’t tell YouTube….
    2
  7831. Statistical discussion here: https://traveltips.usatoday.com/air-travel-safer-car-travel-1581.html
    2
  7832. None were recorded. The water came back after dusk, so the people moving rocks and such had presumably finished for the day.
    2
  7833. The process is unknown, but the location and excavation of the quarry sites has ruled out the theory that they were moved by glaciation, and made the theory that they were moved by sea much less likely. Right now the best description is "human effort." Or Merlin's magic...
    2
  7834. We know that "Johnny Appleseed" referred specifically to John Chapman,. There are theories that both Paul Bunyan and John Henry may have been loosely based on historical persons. Yes, we may do episodes on both.
    2
  7835. Mumbai does have ave a sewer system that drains to the Arabian Sea. Mumbai also has a chronic problem with cholera and a notably polluted coastline. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/mumbai-dumps-2100mn-litres-of-human-waste-in-sea-daily/articleshow/58676358.cms
    2
  7836. Ralph Reagan yes, technically the airport was not open yet for the morning. They made them circle until it was.
    2
  7837. I'll do some research.
    2
  7838. Ed Glunz we were promised flying cars be now, weren’t we?
    2
  7839. Mothering Sunday is a very different tradition. It originally had nothing to do with your birth mother- it referred to a date to worship at your "mother church," usually meaning the church where you were baptized. The tradition of using the date to celebrate your birth mother was largely inspired by Anna Jarvis' efforts in the US.
    2
  7840. Captian Morgan that is a dair question, and a matter of dispute. The “correct” pronunciation is likely with the short a “gah-to.” That makes sense as the name is derived from Spanish (it refers to the catshark.) But submarine veterans seem to have used the long a, and pronounced it “gay-toe.” I’ve used both in different episodes, and been criticized for both. I have come to the conclusion that that long a is most appropriate, as that is the pronunciation the people who crewed the vessels used.
    2
  7841. Agreed.
    2
  7842. I believe it is, yes.
    2
  7843. How is the thumbnail causing the problem? Our CTR has increased since we started using the standard templates.
    2
  7844. Jackson Brown radio waves move at the speed of light- the probe does not move faster than radio.
    2
  7845. Not in the public domain. We care about copyright.
    2
  7846. 98% of pumpkins grown in the US are for decorations.
    2
  7847. I don't get why this is bothering people. It is mostly known as the 1918 influenza pandemic, although colloquially called the Spanish influenza. Few reports at the time called it a "flu," the name influenza was almost always used. The outbreak did not start in Spain, nor did Spain suffer more.
    2
  7848. john tabler I still do not think that we are near the historic maximum. Senators are not beating each-other senseless on the floor of the Senate.
    2
  7849. https://www.bnd.com/living/magazine/article230133169.html
    2
  7850. Not yet, no. Likely someday.
    2
  7851. That is one of the favorite discussions of WWII hobbyists. I am not convinced that the Soviets would have beaten the Germans without allied support, but it is certainly possible that they could have.
    2
  7852. WarblesOnALot you are absolutely correct and that was my mistake.
    2
  7853. Next time I carry a camera back in my time machine I’ll take more photos. Until then, I’ll work with what I have.
    2
  7854. Yes- a bomb was ejected, and did apparently release radioactive material, and has never been recovered.
    2
  7855. Sorry- didn't notice until after it was filmed.
    2
  7856. Fair point. I should have said the first significant engagement in Africa.
    2
  7857. The video was timed based on the anniversary of the release of the movie White Zombie. Zombies are not just for Halloween.
    2
  7858. Monday and Tuesday were revised versions of older episodes. I don't really change the "style," it simply grows and then gets cut.
    2
  7859. I am doing a series on my hats for patrons on Patreon: www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    2
  7860. fasfan that might gave been Agincourt.
    2
  7861.  @zaynevanday142  talk about the lemon squeezer some in this episode: https://youtu.be/vihhRvKGuK4
    2
  7862. That was part of Sibley’s plan. The American Civil War and the Battle of Glorieta Pass. HD episode https://youtu.be/_dQzYdFY_w4
    2
  7863. It was a common effect when photos took time to expose.
    2
  7864. Lol- I actually dress myself without any outside help.
    2
  7865. Rams were common in history, and rams and torpedo spars were typical parts of naval warfare during the Civil War.
    2
  7866. In Asian cuisine it is cooked as pork belly.
    2
  7867. That is essentially the story I tell in the episode. Although it is not certain the fatal round was from a Churchill, the researchers at the Tank Museum seems to think that is the most likely scenario.
    2
  7868. John Ratcliffe eBay.
    2
  7869. Yes, that may be an episode one day.
    2
  7870. Potentially- there is certainly a lot to talk about in that crazy event. The problem is that there is very little media in the public domain- newspaper photographs are for the most part under copy write- so I don't want to make any promises that I can get an episode out. If i do I will certainly do a shout out to you.
    2
  7871. Not even a helicopter pad.
    2
  7872. Yes- inside rail to inside rail
    2
  7873. I said "shoot."
    2
  7874. Admittedly not quite as good when it is me singing it.
    2
  7875. Fair question. Maybe it wasn’t built to hold its weight sideways.
    2
  7876. I had a reference that claimed that this was the first, but those can, of course, be wrong.
    2
  7877. I did not expand there, as it is a discussion all its own. You are correct that many died as a direct result of action by the Imperial Japanese Army, and there is still a controversy between Okinawans and the government over admissions of responsibility.
    2
  7878. Gear Whine they did not fly off the levee. They flew off the road in front of the NASA Michaud Assembly Facility.
    2
  7879. Yeah, the plan didn't work out so well.
    2
  7880. None of the people in those photos consented to their use, which were not taken under the pretense that their body types were being researched nor judged.
    2
  7881. Actually I was, apparently, incorrect on that point (see the pinned comment.) But, at best, only a small handful. The subchasers were really much more about keeping the U-boats away from convoys.
    2
  7882. https://youtu.be/idmP_Kpjo2E
    2
  7883. Big Blue the legislation did not set a limit. Some have been awarded decades after the fact. There is no limit on multiple awards, but no one has ever been awarded more than two. The story of the first person to win multiple Medals of Honor is here: https://youtu.be/6p0sLJNt2HY
    2
  7884. Nope- they mean the same. But different manufacturers do use different processes and labels.
    2
  7885. do you mean the sodium reactor experiment at Santa Susana Field Laboratory? https://youtu.be/JDceOZlUz9w I suspect the naval incident that you are talking about is the Honda Point disaster, but it occurred in 1923, not 1941- or are you thinking of something else?
    2
  7886. Erik S Just making sure I wasn’t missing something. I do intend an episode on the Honda Point disaster.
    2
  7887. Yes- from my balcony.
    2
  7888.  @Inquisitor6321  it was awe inspiring for sure. We were at about 98% totality, so I didn’t travel.
    2
  7889.  @Inquisitor6321  it was awe inspiring for sure. We were at about 98% totality, so I didn’t travel.
    2
  7890. What I say is that Tennessee participated in more battles than any other battleship in the Second World War. Only three of Missouri’s battle stars were during WWII. While Tennessee earned ten battle stars, the argument is that she participated in thirteen battles. I don’t think that I claim anyplace in the video that Tennessee was the most decorated battleship in history.
    2
  7891. In Nevada there is only 1.
    2
  7892. https://youtu.be/TUkT6we1FTc
    2
  7893. r1nc3 w1nd I do not talk about myself personally in channel much. But I will say, without reservation, I am not Bill Gates. :)
    2
  7894. That is a good question. They did get it right up on shore.
    2
  7895. There is an FaQ posted in the video description, including how data is shared and how their professionals are chosen and vetted, as well as how they support people who have a negative experience. I wouldn't ask anyone to sign up without being informed. However, the reviews from clients of Betterhelp are overwhelmingly positive. Multiple independent reviews have determined them to be both a legitimate and an effective service. I suspect that the apparently low level of dissatisfaction is comparable to any other behavioral health program. I do research sponsors, and don't take sponsors that I don't support.
    2
  7896. I don't believe so.
    2
  7897. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    2
  7898. I don’t know how likely a condor east of the Mississippi would be, but I am confident that John James Audubon would have known it wasn’t an eagle.
    2
  7899. "The Educated Horse." Very briefly mentioned in this episode: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I3CODJJutW4
    2
  7900. I've never heard the nickname used for Chicago, but I can;t say it has not happened. While New York was the model for the comics, the DC universe implies that Gotham is in New Jersey.
    2
  7901. I may in a future episode. The 25th Amendment was a good dividing line for this episode. Actually, as the first two examples of post 25th Amendment succession, neither Ford nor Rockefeller had been elected.
    2
  7902. Planet X is actually a generic name given to a planet that has not been observed but is implied by the movement of other planets. Thus there have been at least 3 “Planet Xs” (actually more.) But the story is relevant, in that the search for Pluto was motivated by much the same imperative as the search for the most recent iteration of “Planet X.”
    2
  7903. You Tube is anti-American? How?
    2
  7904. That is a good question that is probably unanswerable except for "a lot." I would guess, however, that few represent as much explosive ordinance as the Richard Montgomery so close to a major population center.
    2
  7905. Dean Stuart Dover castle is amazing. I am sure we’ll have an episode on it sometime.
    2
  7906. Thank you!
    2
  7907. It is an instrumental called "Highway Wildflowers" from the YouTube royalty free library.
    2
  7908. Yes. Custer died in the Great Sioux War of 1876.
    2
  7909. That is not quite the story. LeMay had successfully lobbied to change the name to SR-71 before the speech. But the press was handed an outdated transcript that still said RS-71, and that caused the confusion. Fun fact, the 71 came because they briefly considered a bomber version that was designated the B-71, following the B-70 Valkyrie.
    2
  7910. There are many theories regarding the etymology of the phrase. We do know that it was used to refer to Joseph McCoy, but it has also been used in other contexts and may well predate Joseph. There is evidence that it may have originated in Scotland and was originally "The Real McKay." The story that you reference is likely the oil-drip cup invented by Elijah McCoy. Elijah McCoy was a fascinating person who deserves to be remembered. However, the story connecting him to the phrase, despite being included in his biography in the National Inventors Hall of Fame, is likely a false etymology. There is no period record of the phrase being used with regards to McCoy or his invention. In fact, the first mention of Elijah McCoy being connected to the phrase "The Real McCoy" was a 1966 magazine ad.
    2
  7911. Thank you!
    2
  7912. It is called "Highway Wildflowers," and is from the YouTube royalty free library.
    2
  7913. Or a ribeye...
    2
  7914. It doesn't seem so, no. He saw that he had nothing left to personally gain and left.
    2
  7915. This occurred two centuries before the Age of Enlightenment, which was more driven by the horrors of the Thirty Years War.
    2
  7916. Sorry to disagree. In English, the words are synonymous. https://www.merriam-webster.com/grammar/the-original-definition-of-decimate#:~:text=It's%20totally%20fine%20to%20use,to%20as%20a%20problem%20word.
    2
  7917.  @peterwebb8732  it is not an error. I am appropriately using the modern term. That some are stuck on its archaic usage doesn’t make my use improper.
    2
  7918. LOL. Just a cold- hopefully will be over it quickly.
    2
  7919. Originally Frankfurters that came with immigrants to the US would have been pork or pork and beef mixed. It was Jewish vendors in New York who created a kosher all-beef hot dog.
    2
  7920. Happy Anniversary!
    2
  7921. Of course the term long predates Gary Gygax. To Ancient Greeks a troglodyte was a hermit or cave dweller- in Latin it literally means “one who goes in a hole.” Presumably this is the context that was co-opted into the game. But, in this case, it referred to the Troglodytae, a people who lived along the Red Sea coast who were mentioned by many Greek historians.
    2
  7922. Gary Schmidt no, bison are not extinct.
    2
  7923. https://youtu.be/Nkzkcia-7lc
    2
  7924. I am a fan of YouTube premium, but your contract only limits Google ads, not sponsored content. Sponsored episodes are an important part of my income. We understand that some people don't prefer sponsored content. We typically accept two sponsorships a month. If you prefer not to see sponsored content, we suggest that you enjoy the nine to ten episodes we produce per month that do not include sponsored content. Alternatively, we provide versions without the sponsored content to our YouTube members and Patrons on Patreon.
    2
  7925. Lol
    2
  7926. Not at all, the episode was produced before the fire. But the fire did certainly bring home the sentiment about how quickly history can be lost.
    2
  7927. There is nothing biased about YouGov.
    2
  7928. pforce9 the rule was used throughout the navy. Were it not for the rule, the Congress could have sunk the Virginia before Monitor even arrived.
    2
  7929. They are notably foul-tasting.
    2
  7930. I talk about their history briefly in this episode; https://youtu.be/YIBF4HwtANA
    2
  7931. I apologize for the error.
    2
  7932. Thank you!
    2
  7933. Thank you for sharing your story.
    2
  7934. There is, but it is not in the public domain.
    2
  7935. LOL yes, they at least got the location correct
    2
  7936.  @DidMyGrandfatherMakeThis  lol they herd live pigs into a burning mine. That isn’t how it worked at all. I can enjoy a movie without it being entirely accurate, I appreciate storytelling. But I am often disappointed, as the actual story is often better than the parts they change. I do enjoy a number of history based movies that I find are close enough not to cause a history buff to cringe: Glory, Gettysburg, Apollo 13, the Band of Brothers series, Full Metal Jacket, Zulu Dawn, the King’s Speech, Greyhound, Das Boot, Kursk, Deepwater Horizon.
    2
  7937. MakoSoldier at least two abnormally large wolves were killed during the period. But some facts strongly support the lion theory. The attacks stopped after they placed out quite a lot if poisoned bait, and that might be what killed the beast.
    2
  7938. MakoSoldier I am not claiming to have the answer to the mystery. Almost certainly common wolf attacks we're included in the killings. But Taake makes a compelling case, looking statistically at the types of kills and at facts like polished bones, the repeated descriptions of the beast's leaping ability, and the common points of the physical description. It is not easy to discount his argument.
    2
  7939. Curtis Koehn Thank you for the discussion!
    2
  7940. Technically you can walk through all the time zones in a few seconds near the pole. Antarctica officially operates on GMT, but bases there often keep clocks set to that of their home territory or supply line. https://greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/antarctica/
    2
  7941. Aristotlian geocentrism was derived from Ptolemy. I literally quoted the Roman inquisition stating that the claim of heresy was based on contradiction with scripture. Respectfully, I think they knew their own reasoning on the subject. Regardless of Galileo’s defense of scripture, he was, in fact, convinced of being “vehemently suspected of heresy.”
    2
  7942.  @jeffstrite8190  respectfully, the Catholic church at the time explicitly tied their view to scripture. Certainly that dogma was impacted by the 1200 year old belief in Geocentrism. But Galileo was not “vehemently suspected of heresy” for contradicting Aristotle. When heliocentrism was officially declared heretical by a Papal commission in 1616 the reason given was “it explicitly contradicts in many places the sense of Holy Scripture.” Yes, the Catholic church saw the discussion in terms of the biblical view of the world.
    2
  7943. Well, they all hit within about ninety feet of the courthouse.
    2
  7944. LOL not deliberately, no, But that is a fair way to take it. For YT monetization, we did have to- um- carefully pan both the photos of the hermai and many of the historical paintings.
    2
  7945. Nearly three years after the US ceased combat operations, but the war continued, as did US support.
    2
  7946. That is an interesting conversation, since we just made the change. We want to check and see how stats go.
    2
  7947. Actually it was JFK. A 1966 CIA analysis essentially said we could probably win the legal dispute, but it would be an unnecessary point of friction at that point.
    2
  7948. NASA pronounced it to Geminee. https://www.wral.com/amp/story/why-does-first-man-say-gemini-as-geminee-nasa-explains-sorta-/17923342/
    2
  7949. That is just me talking
    2
  7950. Wow!
    2
  7951. USS Greer, USS Kearny, USS Reuben James, and the Undeclared War. https://youtu.be/KkArqS9y1D0
    2
  7952. The nations were not at war.
    2
  7953. Gordon Bowen the act meets the definition of terrorism that the US State Department uses today. Germany chose to use covert agents and German diplomats were trying to keep the US from joining the war. Germany most certainly did not see it as an act of war, as that is exactly what they were trying to avoid.
    2
  7954. Inventing Anna is based on the case of Anna Delvey/Sorokin yes.
    2
  7955. LOL- well, at least that...
    2
  7956. We appreciate our sponsors supporting our channel. I will not apologize for being compensated for our efforts. If you prefer, YouTube members and Patreon sponsors do get a version without sponsored content.
    2
  7957.  @TomKeown  that is an 1862 police model Colt.
    2
  7958. Fair point
    2
  7959. I thunk the general argument is that Lincoln gave them no choice when he chose to resupply Fort Sumpter. But I don;t think there is any historical question that the Confederates opened fire.
    2
  7960. It stands to reason, but I did not see any mention of it in the research.
    2
  7961. I could not find a single picture in the Public Domain, but there are many pictures online.
    2
  7962. His armor would have weighed more. But, as with Francis, those numbers represent multiple outfits over multiple days.
    2
  7963. Mark T. Thank you for your service!
    2
  7964. This sort of thing is always a fun discussion. I would say that Hood would have been classified a battleship in any other navy, and the British battlecruiser distinction had little meaning by then. Prince of Wales was a battleship, and yet was unable to impact the battle. And the Price Of Wales went on to prove how vulnerable battleships were to aircraft. It is not all about ship class. Neither world war became the clash of heavy ships that was envisioned. Jutland was not a modern Trafalgar. Japan's Yamato and Musashi were extraordinary, built specifically to outgun everything at sea, and they got little from them. It is left to military history buffs to speculate how these ships would have performed had they been used differently.
    2
  7965. LOL things move around, but I promise it will make a comeback
    2
  7966.  @virginiascurti5036  I have not removed your comment.
    2
  7967. I neither "praise" nor "celebrate." History is history.
    2
  7968. Side note, Harlan Sanders had the title "Colonel" because he was a member of the Honorable Order of Kentucky Colonels. As am I.
    2
  7969. I enjoy learning.
    2
  7970. He had three children. His son, Abraham Lincoln II, died at age 16. His daughters both married and had children, but all of his grandchildren died without issue. His last grandchild, Robert Todd Lincoln Beckwith died in 1985.
    2
  7971. Thanks! It was great fun! Ken is a hoot.
    2
  7972. Apparently it piled up in a sort of plug...
    2
  7973. Nope- someone else
    2
  7974. He tried. They laughed at him. U-boats didn’t have room for POWs.
    2
  7975. That is the New York Flatiron building.
    2
  7976. An unstart and a flameout are two different things. An unstart refers to a breakdown of the supersonic airflow. It is an issue unique to supersonic engines.
    2
  7977. I have not been accepting donations, no. i do not wish to take advantage of my viewers.
    2
  7978. Randall Richmond it takes a while for YT to generate captions
    2
  7979. I do not, but Magellan is able to, I assume, track who come through the link. The contract pays us per episode we produce, not by how many subscribe. My passion for the service is sincere.
    2
  7980. He did die too young, but he chose not to be sad about his condition.
    2
  7981. We continue to post every Monday Wednesday and Friday.
    2
  7982.  @jjohnston326  by the Twentieth century they certainly were more than a movie prop. That is an interesting story in itself.
    2
  7983. Not in the Public Domain, no. There are a few episodes on YouTube.
    2
  7984. It is actually a Mig helmet, and it was sent to me by a viewer.
    2
  7985. Several did. Boise City, Ok for one: 1943 Bombing Raid on Boise City, Oklahoma https://youtu.be/atquoUlQxiY
    2
  7986. And I was a lot younger when the picture was taken. That helps. ;)
    2
  7987. Thanks!
    2
  7988. Adam a torpoopdo. A turdpedo. A stinkbomb.
    2
  7989. But people made a lot of sacrifices during the war. Bacon grease made eating bacon patriotic.
    2
  7990. I have various family members who help with the channel in a number of ways. But the scripting and production is a one-man show.
    2
  7991.  @idiotburns  I will tell you like it is. The video says that it is sponsored at the very start. If you are too sensitive to endure a brief ad to compensate me for my work, choose another video.
    2
  7992. Sort of. The plane on display at the Pima Air and Space Museum (which is an awesome museum!) was actually a civilian S-43 that has been painted in Marine Corps markings. While the plane never flew for the military, its markings represent one of the Marine planes that was destroyed in a fire in 1942.
    2
  7993. H ? We understand that some people do not prefer sponsored content. We feel we produce ample content without for those that wish to avoid the sponsored episodes. It isn’t about capitalism, it is about fair compensation for our efforts.
    2
  7994. i used the measurements used in London at the time.
    2
  7995. I have not. Don't fear, I intend to make many many more episodes.
    2
  7996.  @MisterUnicornFL  it is the standard throughout academia and most publication guides, and very commonly used in all circles of publishing history. The terminology has been in use since the 17th century, and so does not appear to be related to modern concepts of the political left and right. I certainly am making no political statement, and any attempt to derive political meaning from my use of the terms is misguided. I have used both BC/AD and BCE/CE on the channel, with no deliberate meaning intended, often simply based on what ever is used in the references being researched. I have had a handful of viewer complaints whichever I use, which merely drives frustration since the argument offers a no-win choice for the historian. In reality, the two terms have the exact same meaning, and if some others are attempting to make some point by choosing one term or another, I assure you that I am not. If the term continues to bother you, I can merely say that I have no control over by what you choose to be bothered by, and, reiterate, I am intending no political, religious, philosophical, or epistemological point.
    2
  7997. orcasea59 Robert was certainly a supporter of capitol over labor in the period of labor unrest. His role in the Pullman strike has been under-studied, and there was also labor unrest under his tenure as president, although not nearly as contentious. I am careful about carrying over too much blame to Lincoln, as his reputation even among labor was not such that his casket had to be encased in concrete and steel. As to the Pullman strike, Pullman’s tendency towards autocracy in his company predates his association with Robert Todd Lincoln. And the creation of Pullman town was, apparently, not done with malicious intent. Selling Pullman town, in the end, did not improve the lot of Pullman workers generally. Respectfully, the Pullman strike was not as one sided as you suggest. Both public opinion and the other railroad unions largely opposed the strike. Pullman was as intransigent as usual, but the violence can not be said to be all his fault. Lincoln’s reputation, both then and now, has largely been unaffected and he has not generally been connected to the violence. I did leave the Pullman strike out of the episode, despite connections, including the connection between Abraham Lincoln’s funereal train and the success of the Company. But such a complex issue that was tangential to Robert Todd Lincoln would certainly have distracted from the main theme of the episode. I may do an episode on the Pullman strike in the future, perhaps closer to Labor Day.
    2
  7998. Died by Violence: The Demise of Billy the Kid's Gang https://youtu.be/2zdsbyQgWiM
    2
  7999. grondhero we will have an episode on Texas at some point, yes.
    2
  8000. Luckily we didn’t have to test that theory.
    2
  8001. Cold
    2
  8002. JHF my speech rate is between 160 and 170 words per minute. That is on the high end for a Ted talk.
    2
  8003. It did, but in the Hollywood sort of way. The movie is more about the conflict between the Bowery Boys and the Dead Rabbits. While the end scenes (the least historically accurate of the movie) purport to be the Draft Riots, they more resemble the 1857 Dead Rabbit riot. In reality, Bill "the butcher" Poole died eight years before the draft riots.
    2
  8004. Sometimes history is disturbing.
    2
  8005. Thank you!
    2
  8006. I live in the approach lane for an air force base. They are still pretty darned loud.
    2
  8007. Here is fine, or you can email thehistoryguyyt@gmail.com. We get hundreds of episode suggestions, so we cannot guarantee when or if a particular episode will get made, but we appreciate all the suggestions! Thank you!
    2
  8008. So sorry for your loss.
    2
  8009. I disagree. Veterans were quite adamant that they were used as artillery. While it is likely that the vast majority of these were other artillery pieces, I do not easily discount the experience of actual combat veterans. There is ample evidence that the weapon was used as artillery, even if infrequently and even if the allies mistook other artillery for 8.8s. It was called a “multi-purpose gun” for a reason. Some discussion here: https://forum.axishistory.com/viewtopic.php?t=139869
    2
  8010. Not that i can find in any biography. They were born in the same era, but not overly close to each other. Ancestry.com suggests that the name was fairly common.
    2
  8011. It would have been the other way around- Chicago first. Holmes is certainly one of many Ripper Theories.
    2
  8012. Darrell Nichols no direct descendants, no. Robert Todd Lincoln’s grandchildren all died without issue.
    2
  8013. "your strange arch?" Which country are you talking about?
    2
  8014. When my son graduated from UW at the end of May we got snowed in for three days.
    2
  8015. It is!
    2
  8016. The etymology of the word is disputed, and the sagas use it as both a noun and a verb. The root is actually probably Old Norse “vik,” meaning “inlet.” In this case, Harald was certainly a Viking King of the Viking Age. As he was traveling for adventure and raiding, both the noun and the verb forms are descriptive. Discussion here: http://www.hurstwic.org/history/articles/text/word_viking.htm#:~:text=The%20word%20existed%20in%20both,in%20one%20of%20these%20adventures). And here: https://www.etymonline.com/word/viking
    2
  8017.  @HamdanSoulaiman  we actually have a person who does that- but it is a slow process
    2
  8018. Da Hawk with respect to Mr Eagleman, that is a history of illness, not a history of virology. He correctly states that the discovery of viruses is a new phenomenon.
    2
  8019. The Yankee Air Museum is on the site of the former Willow Run plant.
    2
  8020.  @thatoneguywhodoesthatthing913  I do not yet.
    2
  8021. The only connection I intended to make was that both involved a military response to balloons.
    2
  8022.  @TennesseeHomesteadUSA  his participation is up to him.
    2
  8023. No- it was actually replaced before the original occupation ended with the more flexible Platt Amendment. But both were tied to the resolution to allow the president to use military force the eject Spain, and so no longer relevant subsequently.
    2
  8024. Today we generally use US Customary Measurements because our audience is largely American. But I was not always consistent in older episodes, where I tended to use the measurements that were used in the source material.
    2
  8025. Thank you for your service! Correct- that picture was just to illustrate what the Christmas tree looked like (I think the photo is Minot AFB). Grand Forks had a large pad, but, if I understand correctly, still parked ready aircraft parked essentially in a Christmas tree formation. (Feel free to correct me there.) The point is that there would have been another aircraft across the pad facing into the wind. And yes, the 1983 fire occurred during maintenance, not on an alert ramp. The point there was really to illustrate how quickly a B-52 could burn. Had it been on the alert ramp, it likely would have had ordinance on board, which would have been...bad.
    2
  8026. Before the Republic of Ireland Act in 1948 the name was simply "Ireland." However, as the six counties had elected not to join, the term was rather confusing. It is neither uncommon nor improper to use the term "southern Ireland" during this period.
    2
  8027. What’s wrong with that?
    2
  8028. Sadly we are no longer together.
    2
  8029. It is not. John C Pemberton Commanded at Vicksburg. John S Pemberton invented coca-cola.
    2
  8030. That is actually the charge levied against Agassiz' preferred theory of polygenism.
    2
  8031. I am not going to take a stand on politics. But I can say that the issue you identify was understood and discussed when the Constitution was being written, and there were specific reasons that the founders chose a federal republic and designed the Senate the way they did.
    2
  8032. The recovery vehicle was the “tank” that was destroyed.
    2
  8033.  @michaelhowell2326  not at all- I can see the confusion. And, to be fair, a recovery vehicle is not actually a “tank.”
    2
  8034. You can personally choose to "segregate." Bailey v Patterson regarded state law, not individual choices.
    2
  8035. LOL
    2
  8036. Anonymous Libertarian the mutiny occurred April 28, 1789.
    2
  8037. The bombs they go up, but where do they come down?
    2
  8038. I use a program called "Viddyoze" where I drop a logo into a template. It is really quite easy.
    2
  8039. Possibly, yes. There were actually a few incidents of Japanese submarines bombarding the West Coast and it will all add up to an episode some day.
    2
  8040. Another well performed operation, although the timing did not have to be nearly as precise as Los Banos.
    2
  8041. They had, essentially, agreed to change the shift times so the morning signalman could take the local train. They were fudging the logs to cover it.
    2
  8042. I meant that they did so throughout the fourteenth century while building the castle, although I see how that was unclear. Also The Teutons had plenty of issues with the Russians, and numerous times enacted blockades in the Baltic to prevent supplies from reaching Russia.
    2
  8043. My hair is just wavy
    2
  8044. I imagine that was related to the work of John Stapp. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JHGJ_y4aJII
    2
  8045. LOL it is comic how everyone seems to either see Trump or Clinton in this story. Neither seems to have personally shot a person in front of the White House just yet.
    2
  8046. It is just a police dog. Nothing from a public event in 2007 is yet in public domain. The video is almost all B reel.
    2
  8047.  @qwertyuiop1st  Do you think I am going to somehow convince someone to try piracy? I really can’t tell if you are being serious, but if you are, you need to chill. No one is advocating attacking ships on the high seas.
    2
  8048. I worked at the Evans Plunger, and well remember the day that the mammoth bones were first discovered.
    2
  8049. At 1:35 I indicate that the name was after the mountain in the Cascade range. Obviously a ship named after Samuel Hood would not be called "Mount Hood." But, as it turns out, Mount Hood was named after the very same Admiral Samuel Hood, so it kind of is named after him...
    2
  8050. The moniker is commonly applied to both battles. My take on Glorieta Pass: https://youtu.be/_dQzYdFY_w4?si=FURG354ocRnqtm_D
    2
  8051. Love Time Team.
    2
  8052. I used the calculator tool at Officaldata.org. This is the reasoning provided: "$240,000 in 1831 is equivalent in purchasing power to about $7,255,558.62 today, an increase of $7,015,558.62 over 190 years. The dollar had an average inflation rate of 1.81% per year between 1831 and today, producing a cumulative price increase of 2,923.15%. This means that today's prices are 30.23 times higher than average prices since 1831, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics consumer price index. A dollar today only buys 3.31% of what it could buy back then."
    2
  8053. I am doing a series on my hat collection exclusive for patron on Patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    2
  8054. em1o smurf it did! And that played a role in the Battle of Los Angeles. I do plan to do an episode on the Japanese attacks on the West Coast during WWII
    2
  8055. So do we. :). Pookie is 18 years old, and quite the lovable old fellow.
    2
  8056. Both sides mistrusted the other, and so both sides allowed dangerous escalation of events.
    2
  8057. That is how they referred to each other.
    2
  8058. Fair point- you can see the top button. That particular tie is also a very soft silk.
    2
  8059. It is. It was a gift from a fan.
    2
  8060. AisForRebel we have hundreds more-we plan to get them all into future episodes.
    2
  8061. How many masons can say "My rings has been in space?"
    2
  8062. Thank you for this history. Too few work to preserve their family history.
    2
  8063. There are several different explanations for the etymology of the phrase, which likely started in Scotland as "The Real McKay." The term was used more than once, although we do know it was used to refer to Joseph McCoy. But the popular attribution to Elijah McCoy and his locomotive oiler is likely a false etymology. There is no contemporary record of the term being used to refer to him or his device, which faced no real competitor. The first use of the term to apply to Elijah McCoy seems to have been a magazine ad in the 1960s. He was, however, a remarkable person, and I may do an episode on him some day.
    2
  8064. The star came from the original Navy version, designed by the Philadelphia firm of William Wilson and sons in 1861. The star design was taken from the US flag, where the stars are meant to represent 'heavens and the divine goal which man has aspired to,' but there doesn't seem to be any specific mention as to why it is inverted.
    2
  8065.  @willoughby1888  We actually don't do any ranking or prioritizing at all. The writers simply write what inspires them at the time. That we have presented one topic and have not yet presented another is, in no way, an assessment that one topic is more important or relevant than another.
    2
  8066. Bakelite came after celluloid, and, unlike celluloid, uses a synthetic polymer.
    2
  8067. That guy was one of the first Europeans to cross Africa.
    2
  8068. Happy Birthday!
    2
  8069. Actually the name of Joliet Illinois is a bit of a story, and not directly named after Louis Jolliet.
    2
  8070. French diplomats Jean-Conrad Hottinguer (X), Pierre Bellamy (Y), and Lucien Hauteval (Z)
    2
  8071. Halifax was much bigger all around. There was just far less population to hear it ninety miles away.
    2
  8072. I remember Paul Harvey well, and take that as quite the compliment. Thank you!
    2
  8073. Pretty much always been there
    2
  8074. I am sorry, but that is not accurate. Releases of KGB records in 2009 indicated that Julius Rosenberg was a Soviet agent, although his children still maintain he did not engage in nuclear espionage. A campaign to absolve Ethel Rosenberg has continued, but no Administration has acted. No, President Obama did not sign a pardon, nor apologize. I did not, here or in the episode, take a stand on their guilt. The episode only notes that Myles Lane played a role in the prosecution.
    2
  8075. The contrast also showed in the different outcomes between Virginius and Haytian Republic- similar events with different outcomes largely based on the credibility of our Navy.
    2
  8076. They were mostly from the Boston Globe
    2
  8077. Yes, that is a replica Toby mug from the movie.
    2
  8078. Lol- Arizona isn’t all desert. Flagstaff is around 7000 feet elevation, and at an average 100 inches of snow annually one of the snowiest cities in America. It isn’t Canada, but it isn’t what people tend to think Arizona is. Certainly there is plenty of mall weather in winter. It is a beautiful city and gateway to the Grand Canyon.
    2
  8079. The new facility after the fire had a sprinkler system.
    2
  8080. https://youtu.be/lsN9o-07ML0
    2
  8081. Billy Hooks mostly they use water.
    2
  8082. That is a fair point, although there is no surface to stand on. But, given the distance from the sun, these would not look like a total eclipse on earth, as the moon's shadow would actually be much larger than the sun, not so evenly matched as to allow you to see the sun's corona.
    2
  8083. I am not Tucker, nor was the bowtie derived from him. I have worn the bowtie for years, and fans would be shocked were I to appear without.
    2
  8084. You should send that suggestion to the Air Force...
    2
  8085. Amazing strategist. https://youtu.be/ckumWb9r8UM
    2
  8086. The cat helps.
    2
  8087. That is a fair point discussed in this episode: https://youtu.be/-b2GK3HekGI
    2
  8088. Hypergolics are still a problem because they are highly corrosive. They were a particular problem for the Navy, as the reaction with seawater is- um- energetic. https://youtu.be/jDcog2ZP684
    2
  8089. @ yes, friction matches were common in the 1850s. Numerous sources say that the superstition originated in the Crimean War.
    2
  8090. I think it was more about having their heads in the sand.
    2
  8091. But I still favor the original...
    2
  8092. Yeah, maybe. It was certainly an interesting study in the politics of military acquisition.
    2
  8093. That is Pookie. I promise he'll return to the set eventually.
    2
  8094. The settlement was substantial. The issue was that the Air Force used a formula that included depreciation, and thus was less than the cost of replacement.
    2
  8095. That was USS Juneau- a light cruiser.
    2
  8096.  @BigSkyCurmudgeon  that is a legend regarding USS O’Bannon. It supposedly happened in the Pacific against a Japanese submarine. It is a popular misconception, based on a comment that the destroyer and the submarine were so close the chef thought they could have thrown potatoes. But the witnesses say that no actual potatoes were thrown.
    2
  8097. It is already a playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGgYnfcvBy8s07ztd6y-6rnR
    2
  8098. The story does say something about the triangle. The number of islands is enough to be disorienting. Taylor was a highly experienced pilot, and yet seems to have made a number of poor decisions. But there is certainly mystery in where they went down and what happened to them.
    2
  8099. Thank you!
    2
  8100. Yes, it was returned to flight status and operated for another dozen years with the airline and later with an aid organization.
    2
  8101. Sorry- its a fake. I saw it on eBay, and, as an obvious reproduction no one was bidding so I bought it cheap. It looks cool enough on the wall. It is a British Bugle in B flat, but not made for the army. These types are typically made in India and collectors call them "Gunga Din's" Someone fake aged it and soldered an old hat badge on the bell. You can get a new one just like it for about $40. Actual military bugles come up very rarely.
    2
  8102. LOL
    2
  8103.  @Noneofyourbusiness2000  sanctions are generally seen as an alternative to war rather than a provocation. Respectfully, I find that to be a misuse of the term. Japan chose the path of militarism.
    2
  8104. I did not take any stand on the war on drugs. Police enforce the laws, they do not make them. Using the sting was safer for police and the community, but also for the suspects, who then had the benefit of due process. And the sting could have just as easily been about stolen merchandise or other crimes. This is not some endorsement of the politics of the day, it is a retelling of historical events.
    2
  8105. I tend to think the "all war is luck" idea. There were similar Japanese wins- notably the sinking of USS Wasp and USS Indianapolis.
    2
  8106. I use a simple program called Viddyoze for those. Agreed that this one was strikingly colorful…
    2
  8107. Solder Joe don’t all good stories involve pirates?
    2
  8108. Happy birthday!
    2
  8109. The William D Porter was, yes.
    2
  8110. I wish I was more help- I went nearly thirty years doing other things before I found my way to a career in history. I can say that my history degree has always served me well in numerous jobs.
    2
  8111. Queen Anne’s revenge grounded on a sand bar off North Carolina, June 10, 1718. The wreck was discovered in 1996 and is on the National Register of Historic Places. He escaped on a smaller vessel and marooned several of his crew on an island, where they were later rescued by pirate Stede Bonnet. There is a legend that the grounding was deliberate- that he was using it is an excuse to disperse his crew. Like so much, there is no direct evidence to support that claim.
    2
  8112. A gift from a viewer
    2
  8113. I have a personal connection with Crazy Horse mountain.
    2
  8114. Fair point. I changed the title.
    2
  8115. Vidkun Quisling was convicted at trial for a number of charges and executed by firing squad.
    2
  8116. I use both- but at the end I used the dollar figure adjusted compared to the estimated cost if it hit today.
    2
  8117. I am sorry for your loss.
    2
  8118. A well designed flight suit.
    2
  8119. LOL I did not notice- it was intended as a tangential reference to the knight. I use a program called Viddyoze where I just drop our logo into a template- so I can't move the pieces, but will forward your comment to them.
    2
  8120. An altimeter doesn't show height above the ground, it shows height above sea level. They thought that their altitude was high enough because they thought they were on another flight path.
    2
  8121. Actually former SS Hope, as the boat went out of service in 1974 and Project HOPE no longer uses medical ships. It is a fair point that I left out a discussion of the private medical ships- there was only so much time in the episode. I do highly recommend the documentary The Surgery Ship, about the MV Africa Mercy that I mentioned in the episode and is available on Magellan TV.
    2
  8122. Is Dario your friend?
    2
  8123. japeking1 Flyingdale is part of BMEWS- the Ballistic Missile Early Warning System- similar to DEW, but not requiring nearly so many installations.
    2
  8124. japeking1 LOL It is not at all “lazy” to confuse two very similar early warning systems. In fact, both coordinated through NORAD. It was a different scale of construction compared to the DEW line, but otherwise very similar.
    2
  8125. The US had a virtual monopoly on the world’s helium supply, and refused to share with Germany for fear it would be turned to military use.
    2
  8126. Thank you very much!
    2
  8127. It is. https://youtu.be/XwNH3OC_w_w?si=neuoNVLCj4DQXGg8
    2
  8128.  @NOLL72  who says anything about “equal?” But the fact is the 707 was not derived nor based on a KC-135. Both were derived from the Dash-80. Neither did humans evolve from chimpanzees, even if we both had a common ancestor.
    2
  8129. Agreed- there was a lot more to be said about his later contributions,
    2
  8130. Dr. Morbius made Robbie, based on knowledge gleaned from his study of the Krell.
    2
  8131. Strudel
    2
  8132. Graham Ross not common carriers no. But there were an assortment of wagonways and tramways, and a funicular railway was used in Boston in the 1790s.
    2
  8133. https://youtu.be/TcJChM_DXPw
    2
  8134. Lucky for him...
    2
  8135. Pandering meant running a prostitution ring. Ironically, the prosecutor was Thomas Dewey, whom Luciano and the commission had kept Dutch Schultz from murdering.
    2
  8136. That is always a source of spirited discussion on the part of enthusiasts. It would require that Germany either successfully invade England or win the Battle of the Atlantic.
    2
  8137. Alcoholism by proxy...
    2
  8138. Ötzi had grass tucked into his leather boots. It might be called a proto-sock, but was not woven.
    2
  8139. Mary Edwards Walker. https://youtu.be/VzObHsRsOx0?si=UhBfvh3cx8fRcxDO
    2
  8140. We didn't get a lot of pics of Great Danes
    2
  8141. I continue to release new long form videos every Monday, Wednesday and Friday like I always have.
    2
  8142. LOL oops- fair point. Dunno what I was thinking.
    2
  8143. The papers did not mention the reason for the timing. I am just guessing, but I suspect there was just a hurry to be first.
    2
  8144. The rule book didn't have a space for the Wing Commander doing runway tests. I understand that it was altered after.
    2
  8145. Unless he is hungry...
    2
  8146. A line was eventually completed in 1907, and the inter-ocean line is still a cargo transport route.
    2
  8147. Google does the ads, but, to be honest, the spending of the political season means more money for YouTubers.
    2
  8148. Thank you!
    2
  8149. Diamond Jim Fisk. https://youtu.be/3AF_YJRlt1Y
    2
  8150. https://www.bnd.com/living/magazine/article230133169.html
    2
  8151. I am flattered by that comparison.
    2
  8152. LOL getting a lot of attention on a haircut from five years ago.
    2
  8153. Canadian Thanksgiving is the second Monday in October.
    2
  8154. Wayne Brinker LOL, I’ll consider it.
    2
  8155. That is certainly true, there are lots of European place names in Missouri, and they are almost all pronounced nothing like they are in Europe. It is likely because Missouri was such a melting pot of different cultures. Realize, Missourians cannot even agree on how to pronounce Missouri...
    2
  8156. There are exactly 100 seconds of sponsored content in the episode. That does not seem an absurd ask in order to support my family, especially given that MagellanTV is a legit great product. Alternatively, channel members and patrons on Patreon are provided versions without the sponsored content.
    2
  8157. Larry Walters. Maybe another time.
    2
  8158. The video was just posted. It takes some time for the YT automatic system to load captions.
    2
  8159. https://youtu.be/6Nvq9n_QUZY?si=wbQiJrAMManEU2XE
    2
  8160. Hugh Ledger the skins are purchased at auction. There seems to no restriction on how the animal is killed. As bear hunting is widely legal in Canada, presumably there are pelts in the auction that were hunted for the skin.
    2
  8161. The trucks were overloaded and would have been very difficult to deploy.
    2
  8162. Steve Evans I’ve had some complaints about audio issues, but it seems to depend upon the playback device. I personally don’t get the echo on my devices. I don’t know what device you use, but I did have a viewer tell me that the audio was terrible on her laptop, but the problem went away when she used headphones.
    2
  8163. That story told in this episode: https://youtu.be/qAEDFsfHQfs
    2
  8164. My apologies
    2
  8165. The French actually launched two cats into orbit in 1963.
    2
  8166. Pete Nelson I always pronounced it Tar-ah-wa, but online pronunciation guides convinced me to use the pronunciation in the episode.
    2
  8167. The people at the museum grow a tad busy to work with us in May.
    2
  8168. According to the trial transcript, the doctor was a notorious drunkard, so Cleary put little faith in him.
    2
  8169. Yes it is.
    2
  8170. As I said more than once in the episode, these are period accounts, but it can be difficult to divine fact from tall tale. But I did accurately represent them as they were related. As to "complete," I am not sure what you mean. This was never intended to be a full biography of Billy the Kid.
    2
  8171. Legends like the Alamo are what I was referring to at then end. This isn't unique- virtually every nation has versions of their own. I think it an interesting question of how to deal with those.
    2
  8172. I find it ironic that Pere Marquette used the term with regards to the Illini who pointed him towards the Mississippi. One lesson of history is that every side always thinks the others are the "savages."
    2
  8173. I am sorry to say that Heidi and I are no longer together, and she is no longer involved with THG.
    2
  8174. That is a lot of rail to change...
    2
  8175. Thank you for watching and I wish you a Merry Christmas and Happy New Year!
    2
  8176. Dirigible simply means a lighter-than-air ship that is steerable. All blimps are dirigibles, although not all dirigibles are blimps. Columbia was nonrigid, a true blimp.
    2
  8177. We are adding more creepy stories in October. I don't think this will be the last one.
    2
  8178. Thank you. I really do think that Skillshare is a good product. We don't plane on doing more than one or two sponsored episodes a month.
    2
  8179. Thanks! So do I!
    2
  8180. Next Exit: A History of Roadside Attractions https://youtu.be/XYHDN98MM1w
    2
  8181. Oren Ashkenazi the question, if I understand correctly, is ground speed, which was hard to determine before GPS.
    2
  8182. Gin is a story- in short, you drink gin in England because James II was too Catholic.
    2
  8183. PO Box 1473 O’Fallon, IL 62269 USA
    2
  8184. Two early silent films: Cabiria (1914) and Cleopatra (1917)
    2
  8185. I’m sorry, I can’t find any mention of British aboard the boat in the action report.
    2
  8186. https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00AUDVQTG/ref=dp-kindle-redirect?_encoding=UTF8&btkr=1
    2
  8187. front and center? Or just as a pocket emblem? Email business@thehistoryguy.net - we'll get it created. -- Carolyn (business manager for The History Guy)
    2
  8188. The term "Blackmail" originally referred to a tribute paid by English and Scottish border dwellers to protect themselves from raids by Border Reivers- raiders who operated along the Anglo-Scottish border in the thirteenth century. There are various theories for how the word was derived from Latin or Middle English. That seems unrelated to the term "Black Hand," which was derived from the drawings used on the extortion letters and actually coined by the New York Herald. It is difficult to tell, but I think the things hanging down in the picture at the Italian market are likely Italian sweet peppers, which are often hung in bunches at markets in Italy today. There is a modern photo here: https://chefpaulette.net/tag/rialto-market/
    2
  8189. I was not there for Tankfest, but to film an episode of Top Five Tanks.
    2
  8190. Kevin C Gleason we have decided not to accept gifts from fans. We don’t want to take advantage. Might a local museum be interested?
    2
  8191. You are correct. i apologize, i meant no disrespect to the award.
    2
  8192. Part of the argument when her's was restored was that she would have been allowed in the army were it not for her gender, and her performance was, for all intents and purposes , the same as if she had been commissioned. There were also two civilian boat pilots who received Navy Medals of Honor during the civil war. Since the navy was not included in the 1916 commission, their medal were never revoked.
    2
  8193. I found no mention of them using the Essex Junior's gun, The fighting appears to have been more inland.
    2
  8194. Shore bombardment was certainly a thing- in fact, the very same Lt John Downs who participated in the attack on the Happah would use it to effect as captain of USS Potomac in the First Sumatran Expedition in 1832.
    2
  8195. Donna M yes, purportedly it was because she tended to put her nose into other people’s business.
    2
  8196. There are actually few clear accounts of the conversation that occurred between Grant and Lee in the McClean House. Grant's staff was only reportedly there briefly, and if Lee recognized Captain Lincoln, I can find no record of him acknowledging it.
    2
  8197. Animals are not eligible for the Medal of Honor. America offers the American Humane Lois Pope K-9 Medal of Courage and Great Britain offers the PDSA Dickin medal.
    2
  8198. No- they ended up moving into town. The Air Force were actually jerks about reimbursement, and the fight ended up in court. It is disappointing to see how they were treated.
    2
  8199. And yet "chili pepper" is by far the most common term used, and entirely grammatically correct.
    2
  8200. Agreed- Silent Spring was full of bad science, and has resulted in millions of deaths.
    2
  8201. That is just the jump from the introduction to the Magellan TV ad
    2
  8202. Correct. My Mistake.
    2
  8203. Yes, that story will likely be another episode. He was a complete impostor who bilked one of the richest men in the world.
    2
  8204. We have been honored to work with the good people at the USS Texas foundation.
    2
  8205. Brian JOnker not much theater, but a lot of experience with public speaking.
    2
  8206. Leo R correct- the TU-104 was a turbojet. The TU-124 was turbofan.
    2
  8207. Recent research suggests that the claim that deck size affected tolls is a myth. Tolls were assessed based on bills of lading, and decks size was never measured. http://www.soundtoll.nl/images/files/2018/The_Flute_and_the_Sound_toll.pdf
    2
  8208. Actually a super-dreadnaught
    2
  8209. Yes- it was released under both the title "Tonka" and "A horse Named Comanche."
    2
  8210. Thank you for your service.
    2
  8211. That is a current point of discussion for historians. Clearly neither side thought that it would last. The relevant question is timing- how soon would Stalin have attacked?
    2
  8212. Yes, Before Common Era. It is a commonly accepted history term.
    2
  8213. Seems to simply confirm the story told by his defense team. But, of course, that is what he would say.
    2
  8214. Thank you!
    2
  8215. Mentioned at the end- it is questionable whether any actual fighting was done from horseback, more or less a cavalry charge. I don't claim to end the discussion, but even the US Army page still referrers to the charge of the 26th as "the last American cavalry charge," suggesting they do not think any of the mounted actions in Afghanistan in the GWOT qualify.
    2
  8216. I did a lot of things before The History Guy. Even while I was doing not-history jobs, I loved history. I do now truly believe that you can find success following your passion. I wish you the best of luck!
    2
  8217. I believe you mean Eddy Grant. ;)
    2
  8218. My mistake.
    2
  8219. Yes, most is still under copyright, and will be for years. I work hard to respect copyright.
    2
  8220. There wasn't much space for instruments and scientists aboard...
    2
  8221. We do go back and correct the captions. But it takes some time.
    2
  8222. I talk about the Tsavo lions in this episode: https://youtu.be/Rb-DSFoh7zk
    2
  8223. I mention the Sovereign Military Order of Malta at the end of this episode. I might do another episode focusing on them in the future.
    2
  8224. There are two acceptable pronunciations. The reason I pronounced it the way I did is that poems published in contemporary newspapers make it obvious that that is how it was being pronounced at the time.
    2
  8225. LOL I live in Illinois, where am I going to get fresh currants?
    2
  8226. The end of the war is a matter of some discussion. Edmund Kirby Smith's surrender represented the surrender of the last Confederate army in the field. Stand Waite was the last Confederate General to surrender.
    2
  8227. In the confusion, nobody seems to have recalled who it was.
    2
  8228. The Smithsonian has one of the vehicles built for testing and training here on earth. Theirs was a “qualification test unit,” and so more similar to the ones used on the moon, including the metal mesh rather than rubber tires. The unit was used to test structural limits in test chambers.
    2
  8229. German attacked whoever was convenient- Norway and Denmark were neutral nations when Hitler attacked them.
    2
  8230. Any cat’s participation in the making of an episode is entirely up to the cat.
    2
  8231. That story is here: https://youtu.be/15TiAwuLmsk
    2
  8232. Sorry, there is some comic recency bias in that take. I’ll avoid the current politics bit.
    2
  8233. Lol- no, no connection to Bill Nye at all.
    2
  8234. There are actually many "last stands" in the history of the empire.
    2
  8235. LOL
    2
  8236. There were highly fictionalized versions in Brute Force (1947) and Birdman of Alcatraz (1962.) In 1980 there was an NBC miniseries that focused on Clarence Carnes that included a depiction of these events.
    2
  8237. Yes, it is. there is a list of what was changed in the description.
    2
  8238. Lots to see in the area. Be sure to stop by the Alton Museum of History and Art and Lewis and Clark State Historic Site.
    2
  8239. You understand that Albert Luther Gore was not the Vice President, right?
    2
  8240.  @onliwankannoli  presumably Charles Dawes
    2
  8241. I am a naturally fast talker. I am working on it.
    2
  8242. The sandwich was invented in America and named after a hotel in Washington.
    2
  8243. It is a reproduction. Purportedly a Union field staff officer saber.
    2
  8244. It was at the time. It was the newest and most modern ship, given the best crew and the best food.
    2
  8245. It was originally cut into pieces and taken by boat.
    2
  8246. I believe the Iron Brigade was all Wisconsin Regiments except for the 19th Indiana, and, after the losses at Gettysburg, the 167th Pennsylvania.
    2
  8247. No, there isn’t a line.
    2
  8248. I think that you are incorrect. This news report suggests that the first candidates were not being accepted until last fall (after this episode was produced) and says that they expect it to be five years before any are qualified to fly. https://www.yahoo.com/news/women-train-russian-air-force-pilots-171751260.html
    2
  8249. I am never really sure on these flat earth comments if the poster is serious or being facetious. Respectfully, you grossly misrepresent both these experiments.
    2
  8250. I use a program called Viddyoze and do new animated logos for almost every episode.
    2
  8251. Mildred’s, please email Carolyn our business manager - business@ thehistoryguy .net She can get that set up and let you know how to purchase it. Thanks!
    2
  8252. I believe that World of Warships chose to sponsor me because my channel content meshes well with their game. Certainly telling the story of the men who served on this ship is consistent with my content regardless of sponsor, as I think anyone who watches my channel will attest. But I am both grateful for a sponsor that helps pay the bills and that I had a great topic that fits that sponsor. For the record, I think this is a great episode that was very interesting to research.
    2
  8253. The Emus won that one.
    2
  8254. Very nearly, yup.
    2
  8255.  @dwalker399  I have only heard it described as "foul tasting." It purportedly also causes nasuea. Latimer descrbed the flesh as being so waxy that you could "mould it like clay."
    2
  8256. It is true that, in some ways, American English is older than British English.
    2
  8257. I agree
    2
  8258. I am at a loss for how you manage to divine some "woke" insult here. I am very much a fan of Charles Lindbergh.
    2
  8259.  @wills8288  I am not sure that “celebrity” is all that much a compliment. The reason the term “the first celebrity” is often applied to Sarah Bernhardt is because of her ability to exploit mass media. But her fame and popularity as an actress are in the historical record- unless the assumption is that Samuel Clemens was “woke.” Certainly I meant no insult to Charles Lindberg.
    2
  8260. The film lost in the fire covered the period 1929 - 1967.
    2
  8261. Yes- my house doesn’t lack cats.
    2
  8262. Sadly she is no longer involved with the program.
    2
  8263.  @hawkmoon419  I recall the old nurses’ uniforms. Skirts didn’t seem practical for the work. Mary Walker was never shy to advocate for what was right.
    2
  8264. The reason for the chain analogy was because it was said to have been a “missing link.”
    2
  8265. All great ideas! Thanks!
    2
  8266. It is. Oerlikon is Swiss.
    2
  8267. sr633 he was trying to keep it quiet- it was politically charged. I think he also had difficulty understanding why she would run away.
    2
  8268. The facing was a type of limestone.
    2
  8269. Fair point. It is particularly odd, in this story, how they were mixed. There is an irony in trying to use communion to defeat a changeling.
    2
  8270. Thanks. i am not kidding at all, that mattress changed my life.
    2
  8271. We did not set out to “admire” him, but to present history. He was what he was. Certainly he would have contested the label of “satanist.”
    2
  8272. Yes, he went through the training and participated in a couple of raids.
    2
  8273. Possibly. he is a little understood historical figure.
    2
  8274. I am a midwesterner who never lived on the east coast…
    2
  8275. I hope so, in that the lesson is that even this can be repaired.
    2
  8276. I'll leave that up to you.
    2
  8277. The cabin heater was fuel burning. It was notoriously unreliable on the AVRO Tudor. While the cabin was pressurized, the heater failures often obligated the plan to descend as it was simply too cold for passengers.
    2
  8278. https://youtu.be/3Ph9rffLMSA
    2
  8279. Yes, the story is a study in complacency and poor decision making.
    2
  8280. The etymology of the term is uncertain, but its was not commonly used in the US until the early 20th century, making it unlikely to be derived from the Mammoth Cheeses.
    2
  8281. check wikipedia srsly the comment at 3:45 was not regarding representatives to the congress, but the position of President of the Congress. Initially the office had no defined term, and the term was defined later in the Articles of Confederation. Nothing is “misleading.” The episode is not speaking to the rules of the current legislature. Per usual, I was making no comment about current politics, merely about the rules governing the position of President of the Congress Assembled in the period that predates the Constitution.
    2
  8282. The UAV was from the Wisconsin.
    2
  8283. Ironically, when the stories were written, that address did not exist. The street has been renumbered since to create a 221B, which is now the Sherlock Holmes Museum.
    2
  8284. The Revenue Marine was created in 1790, and is considered the precursor to the Coast Guard. In 1915 the Revenue Marine, by then called the United States Revenue Cutter Service, was combined with the United States Life Saving Service to form the United States Coast Guard. Later the Coast Guard assumed the responsibilities of the United States Lighthouse Service and the Navigation and Steamboat Inspection Service.
    2
  8285. "Sitting" means in office. Long was not a state governor when assassinated.
    2
  8286. The problem is they take about an hour to warm up, and don't always remember to turn them on an hour before filming.
    2
  8287. I agree. Everyone should watch. ;)
    2
  8288. That was Ferdinand Schiess. Awarded the Victoria Cross.
    2
  8289. Marlene Dietrich was in there as well.
    2
  8290. Yup
    2
  8291. A US Destroyer actually picked up the short range signal and offered assistance, so we did know that the boat was in distress. I do not think that the US had an idea of the heroics of the crew.
    2
  8292. I am not sure why people choose to take offense at the term, but the Illyrians preyed on shipping at sea, and built vessels specifically designed for it. They weren’t fishing vessels.
    2
  8293. Wow! Good golly- that certainly wasn't in the newspaper...
    2
  8294. That is how the cat likes to be held.
    2
  8295. That is not correct. In Section one of the 1783 Treaty of Paris Britain specifically acknowledged the United States to be "free, sovereign, and independent states." As the revolution was actually a rebellion, there was no actual declaration of war, but the issued of warfare was resolved in the same section where "the British Crown and all heirs and successors relinquish claims to the Government, property, and territorial rights of the same, and every part thereof." So Britain did specifically recognize American independence, and did end the war, in the treaty.
    2
  8296. grahamj9101 when the propeller failed to feather, they cur off oil hoping that would seize and freeze the propeller. The the Civil Aeronautics board report is linked on the pinned comment.
    2
  8297. The Nike was a Thetis Class Patrol Boat, but there was no Athena that I can find. The Thetis class vessels USCG Icarus and USCG Thetis both scored U-boat kills. The story of Icarus is here: https://youtu.be/pryLh2ZqR7Y
    2
  8298. My pronunciation is grammatically correct, or, rather, both pronunciations are grammatically acceptable. The pronunciation “turban” is the one most commonly used in the American Midwest. Turbine and turban are homophones.
    2
  8299. 96 is correct.
    2
  8300. Well, as mentioned, there was quite some disagreement over that issue.
    2
  8301. I use a program called Viddyoze -very simple to use.
    2
  8302. I think you are likely talking about the mutiny aboard the Soviet destroyer Storozhevoy in 1975.
    2
  8303. Somewhat reminiscent of the plight of Kaskaskia, now on the wrong side of the river.
    2
  8304. That is certainly not how it was reported. This episode was about how these deaths were reported in contemporary press.
    2
  8305. I disagree, and think the evidence is rather overwhelming on that fact. The annual flu vaccines are imperfect for a number of reasons, and yet unquestionably have saved millions of lives.
    2
  8306. Value and cost are certainly related. And, as the sale of King’s watch demonstrated, value could be surprising. If you have a more accurate way to estimate the cost to haul a half pound to the moon and back, I’d be happy to see it.
    2
  8307. I don't think so, no.
    2
  8308. https://youtu.be/mnbs_-IaGhQ
    2
  8309. Helene L the US was officially at war at the time- so we requisitioned both into service under war powers and moved them under British command. The story I didn’t tell is that, in both cases, the American crews volunteered to stay with the ship. But Earnest King, notoriously mistrusting of the British, insisted on British crews. He thought Malta a lost cause and the convoys a waste, and did not want the US attached to the operation.
    2
  8310. Byrd never actually made such claims. The most oft cited comment was "I'd like to see that land beyond the Pole. That area beyond the Pole is the center of the Great Unknown."
    2
  8311. Bovington has acquired one for restoration. It is in the Vehicle Conservation Centre. The one at Duxford is wonderfully restored, and it really is comically small.
    2
  8312. During the period discussed Victoria was actually a self-governing colony. The six colonies did not become states until federation in 1901.
    2
  8313. Most have stories, yes. I have a series on The History Guy's hats for patrons on Patreon: www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    2
  8314. Hobart's Funnies.
    2
  8315. The U.S. Naval History and Heritage Command has two 32 pounders that were recovered from the wreck of CSS Alabama. I think one was on loan to Alabama, but I don't know if either are on display. Some of CSS Atalanta's 7 inch Brooke rifles are on display in the Washington Navy Yard.
    2
  8316. Lew Wallace: Author, Politician, General https://youtu.be/WuNCCVXV9cw
    2
  8317. Thank you for your service! You are correct about the destruction of the specialized equipment. I am very sorry to hear about the caustic effects- that is not an uncommon story, and it is clear that the military did not always appreciate the risks to people working on their equipment.
    2
  8318. D Smith I think that Napoleon was an exceptional military general and a daring reformer. But, again, I try to avoid ranking historical greatness.
    2
  8319. The term is actually "linsey-woolsy," and it is not a person, but a name derived from the combination of linen and wool.
    2
  8320. Planned for Monday
    2
  8321. No. He is cute, but clearly untrustworthy
    2
  8322. It is called “highway wildflowers.”
    2
  8323. I have four cats, and I assure you that Poky was perfectly happy. He is a kitten and gets wiggly because everything distracts him. Cats only come into a video when they want to. They come in when I am filming because they hear me, and if they want to be picked up I pick them up. They are part of my life, not “some cutesy.” Poky is acting like a cat, and I struggle to see how anyone who “knows how cats are” would contend anything more than that.
    2
  8324.  @marytataryn5144  it is yellow brown and has a pungent smell similar to mustard
    2
  8325. Raymond Gordon fair point.
    2
  8326. I am sorry that you disagreed with the choice. There were not enough photos of Just Nuisance to make an episode otherwise. Certainly I never presented a poodle as being a Great Dane. I do not believe that I misrepresented anything. I look forward to seeing your video on Just Nuisance.
    2
  8327. The crew certainly bears some responsibility. There were multiple reports that other ships saw the ship drifting and sounded their horns in alarm, but received no response. But yes, you are correct, that is all an academic discussion now. No matter how or why, "Monty" is what and where it is.
    2
  8328. Lol
    2
  8329. Smokey the Bear liked this episode on the campaign hat! https://youtu.be/vihhRvKGuK4
    2
  8330.  @HELENGodLoves  I have occasionally appeared on shows on The History Channel.
    2
  8331. The Forgotten Congressional Presidents https://youtu.be/5Cy2Oob5ZfQ
    2
  8332. Well, true, more people would likely remember.
    2
  8333. The films are from old pirate movies that are in the Public Domain. I can't account for the accuracy of the flags ...
    2
  8334. I saw that. It is too bad we can't preserve more ships.
    2
  8335.  @ChuckFitzgerald  those were quoted from a recent article.
    2
  8336.  @mikeyoung9810  try this new code they provided: http://bit.ly/2F3ihHf code PLAYLANGLEY2019.
    2
  8337. Chance Whistler I am doing a series about them for patrons on Patreon. And I am always happy to talk about them if you have a question about one in particular.
    2
  8338. Fair point, maybe too much Star Wars. But not technically improper.
    2
  8339. I am doing a series on the hats exclusive for patrons on Patreon: www.patreaon.com/thehistoryguy
    2
  8340. There are also a couple of short videos on some of the items in the office on the Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/FiveMinutesofHistory/
    2
  8341. The plane took off from San Francisco on December 2 and landed at LaGuardia on January 6. The passengers were all offloaded in Australia.
    2
  8342. I hope to do an episode about Thule in the future. Thank you for your service!
    2
  8343. It is a program called Viddyoze
    2
  8344. I am fine- it is only allergies. Expect it to continue through September.
    2
  8345. https://youtu.be/qynZqYNaXng?si=ZLZsfAS_YIWRhKtG
    2
  8346. I got it for a dollar. True Story.
    2
  8347. It shows a classic map. My sons gave it to me for Father's Day.
    2
  8348. Actually, several of his coworkers are buried in the plot- he allowed quite a few Pinkertons to be buried there. So that is not, in itself, proof.
    2
  8349. My Great Uncle George. He died during the Italian campaign in 1945.
    2
  8350. It was actually the Lasky Corporation, which eventually would become Paramount.
    2
  8351. Yes, Cochise killed his hostages first, and murdered them quite brutally, such that the bodies were hardly recognizable. The officers were definitely motivated by revenge. But, recall, Cochise's family was taken hostage, under a flag of truce, in revenge for a crime he did not commit. He offered an exchange that would have saved all the lives and was refused, as Bascom was demanding that he return a boy that he did not have. It is not fair to lay the event entirely at Bascom's feet, but it does seem possible that it could have been resolved without starting war.
    2
  8352. mike89128 I talk about him briefly in this episode. He was an interesting person of the era. https://youtu.be/l1AKHDMoKXk
    2
  8353. William Nelson Iowa had a shaft bent in the storm- rather significant damage for a ship that size.
    2
  8354. Like these: https://youtu.be/SlzjfxqosFA or this https://youtu.be/eMGog4QJsIs
    2
  8355. That is about as long as he stays still...
    2
  8356. It is in several episodes- or rather, they are- I have three. The biggest issue is it takes them so long to warm up.
    2
  8357. No- just a public domain picture. My hair was longer...
    2
  8358. Leith was still a town at the time- it had not been absorbed into Edinburgh yet.
    2
  8359. I got mine from the library.
    2
  8360. Thank you!
    2
  8361. It was a trick using forced perspective. ;)
    2
  8362. That is an absolutely compelling story. I had a friend in college whose dad served with the 442 RCT.
    2
  8363. Yes, in Ludlow street jail.
    2
  8364. This is a podcast
    2
  8365. Not many noticed- Thanks! All good stories DO involve pirates.
    2
  8366. Thank you!
    2
  8367. I never like, changed settings or anything. I think it does take some time after posting for the automated system to catch up with the captions.
    2
  8368. That is a good question. The photo was part of a lot I purchased on eBay. It has no name written on it. I presume that whoever it was deserves to be remembered.
    2
  8369. Yes, the modern term "vandalism" harkens back to the Vandals sack of Rome in 455 AD. Reputation sticks with you...
    2
  8370. The company was named after the founder's daughter.
    2
  8371. I did only make brief mention of the private hospital ships. That is a fair point.
    2
  8372. William Washington's charge at Cowpens is the stuff of legend.
    2
  8373. It is simply a counterfactual- a thought experiment in what if. There seems to be as good a chance that, had the battle gone differently, the border between France and Spain would be the river Loire rather than the Pynrenees than that "European history would have proceeded pretty much the same way anyway." It is not a "fallacious oversimplification" to note that certain points in history may have been turning points. And, as the theory is untestable, what is the harm?
    2
  8374. Her 5 inch guns were removed in 1968.
    2
  8375. 588th is correct, and I am sorry that I mixed it up later.
    2
  8376. There is actually some recent disagreement over the guns used for the metal.
    2
  8377.  @brucealanwilson4121  he was the grandfather of the famous broadcaster.
    2
  8378. People love the bow tie. There would be tearing of shirts and gnashing of teeth if I appeared without.
    2
  8379. But it was coined by O Henry.
    2
  8380. That is a fair point. Yes, I need to stop assuming the audience is all American.
    2
  8381. No, it is a real photo. Bullard in is the uniform of the 170th infantry. The photo of him "alone" is actually cropped from the group photo, which is held by the National Museum of the United States Air Force.
    2
  8382. Yeah, pretty sure it is under copyright...
    2
  8383. It is an interesting flip of the script that the first Jewish cabinet member in the US was in the Confederate cabinet.
    2
  8384. https://youtu.be/uXDGzmOkC5g I have not done the Attack on Mers-el-Kébir yet, but it is on my list.
    2
  8385. No the plane was not returned to service, it was written off as damaged beyond repair.
    2
  8386. Steven Lambert she presents when she wants to. She really does prefer to be behind the camera.
    2
  8387. itsjohndell his connection to the regimental song has been the subject of quite a lot of speculation. However, it was a well known and popular song, so the suggestion that Keogh suggested it is suspect.
    2
  8388. Frank Hieber the Shippingport reactor was the first full-scale reactor created exclusively for civilian use. But the SRE was the first reactor to provide electricity to a civilian grid.
    2
  8389. There is ample evidence that various socialist groups were trying to court the Black community at the time.
    2
  8390. Yes, I suspect it did. Luckily these were excellent boatmen.
    2
  8391. LOL no- the studio is in a basement with the one window stuffed with soundproofing. That was just a ridiculously happy bird.
    2
  8392.  @NesconProductions  it is, although not an actual shell, but an inflatable purchased from The Tank Museum.
    2
  8393. @Ignatios Nelson The actual designation was "Tank, Infantry, Mk I" and "Tank, Infantry, Mk II." I gave a brief overview of each, and the model numbers and descriptions were full and correct. If you are determined to pick nits, the model numbers were designated in Roman numerals, not numbers, "mark" is abbreviated "Mk" not "MK" and the word "Infantry" was not written in all capital letters. I am happy to correct errors, such as the one in the pinned comment. But not all that interested in people fabricating criticisms merely to make themselves seem informed.
    2
  8394. https://youtu.be/t09m0OS6S-I
    2
  8395. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjv_VxWtigSfblPNKpdFjl0
    2
  8396. Many in my collection are actually pretty common and easy to acquire. A few are more rare. Like any collection, it grows with time.
    2
  8397. JDomingo_gf Edition he did not die at Mactan. There is no written record of his death. Although there are oral histories in the region, they conflict. Most likely he died of natural causes long before the Spanish returned to the Philippines.
    2
  8398. Whatever measurement we use seems to engender complaints. We used millimeters in this episode as that is how coins are generally listed in numismatics. The relevant point is that the liberty head nickel and the half eagle were very similar in size, which we believe our viewers can understand fairly by the measure provided. If inches are more your game, the liberty nickel was roughly .87 inches in diameter and the half-eagle roughly .85 inches in diameter.
    2
  8399. They come from different traditions. https://youtu.be/MutQbvm7Gk4?si=jFNqcCCD8lBiJ1qO
    2
  8400. They have March 6 in common.
    2
  8401. I don't know. I bought the picture on Ebay. I saw it listed and figured that he deserved to be remembered.
    2
  8402. I did mention that distinction at the start- most Americans do not understand the difference between grilling and barbecue. When polled about what they barbecue most often, the answer is "hamburgers."
    2
  8403. dugroz I am very sorry I mispronounced his name. I could not find a clear pronunciation guide.
    2
  8404. LOL- every episode results in viewers suggesting a hundred more topics. I don't think we'll ever run out.
    2
  8405. I find YouTube premium well worth the investment.
    2
  8406. Cher ami. https://youtu.be/cDwsnpo066g
    2
  8407. Yes, that is definitely on my topic list.
    2
  8408. Tornado! The 1974 Super-Outbreak https://youtu.be/WZiVdGvhzVo
    2
  8409. I talk about the battle of Valverde and the far west campaign here: https://youtu.be/_dQzYdFY_w4
    2
  8410. There are no known photographs of the gauge change. The photos are Public Domain photos from the age of steam rail.
    2
  8411. Lon Johnson look at the example provided at the bottom. :) https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/century
    2
  8412. Larry Cabz she is on camera when she feels like it.
    2
  8413. Rome is actually a higher latitude than New York. Occasionally the Aurora Borealis has been witnessed there. In the Carrington event the northern lights were seen a full ten degrees of latitude south of Rome.
    2
  8414. Fair point. I play with cheap coins.
    2
  8415. @ true- but I don’t need UC to coin flourish. Good or about good are my lane…
    2
  8416. U.S. 40 follows most of the route of the original road, although some of the original path is Alternate US 40.
    2
  8417. Place name pronunciations are odd. First, they can be quite old, as a pronunciation might have been set before the pronunciation changes like the GVS. Second, spelling was done quite differently over time, especially when so many words were borrowed from other languages (Chalmondoley is Norman French in origin.) Third, they are particularly vulnerable to contraction- or shortening out sounds- as they are used so commonly. Finally, locals often develop a unique pronunciation that then identifies a person as local.
    2
  8418. Jeff Steffen those rules are not new- they have always been on the list. I wish that YT would better clarify their application.
    2
  8419. Hmm. The 35th division had been withdrawn after taking heavy casualties in the first phase of the offensive. I don’t believe that Captain Truman was in action on October 5.
    2
  8420. MyHeritage will only share your DNA data with police in response to a court order. It is not just an open database.
    2
  8421. Page 12 on this document. I think the scenario plausible, but it is entirely likely that the vehicle was misidentified: https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a952910.pdf
    2
  8422. walthanas the after action report just says tiger tank.
    2
  8423. Because of the radiation.
    2
  8424. It is a print of an old map. It is a really cool tie.
    2
  8425. Not yet
    2
  8426. Some discussion of that here: https://youtu.be/vJMwIar7FN0
    2
  8427. If the measure is "square miles of tundra."
    2
  8428. https://youtu.be/LdVJsy9bwqw https://youtu.be/Isq1-htLiEk https://youtu.be/h8vTt9Y1mkQ https://youtu.be/v1R9NA8pRmI https://youtu.be/SowSuC0jNoI
    2
  8429. Happy Birthday!
    2
  8430. I don't think I did. I offer the historical alternatives.
    2
  8431. https://youtu.be/zeM6j0vO71g
    2
  8432. The Chicago Butter and Egg board spun off of the CBOT. The butter and egg board then became the CME. In 2007 the CBOT and the CME merged.
    2
  8433. He officially changed his name to Jack Ruby in 1947.
    2
  8434. I was ahead of Hollywood on this story...
    2
  8435. Of course! He was a history teacher!
    2
  8436. https://www.military.com/join-armed-forces/us-coast-guard-overview.html/amp
    2
  8437. I may well do an episode. I mention it in this episode: https://youtu.be/H6IlLm-Jwi4
    2
  8438. Thank you!
    2
  8439. I have.
    2
  8440. Casimir Pulaski Day is only officially recognized in Illinois, Indiana, Rhode Island, and Wisconsin. Theoretically General Pulaski Memorial Day is national, but it is not well known. The celebrations are most common where there are large concentrations of people of Polish descent. But, Illinois recognizes Pulaski Day, and it is usually a school holiday. Still, my daughter, who is in tenth grade, tells me that she has never once been given any explanation of who Pulaski was or why she is getting the day off.
    2
  8441. Nice to be reminded how bigoted Brits can be. Maybe visit St Paul's to be reminded of what our nations have sacrificed together.
    2
  8442. That is CSS Webb. I think you are referring to the metal rocket on top of the boat- part of the walking-beam steam engine.
    2
  8443. A person who could watch from a distance only via the commutations that Von Braun didn’t predict. I think that maybe you missed the point of the comment.
    2
  8444. But be choosy- the urine must come from a "man-childe who is a virgin."
    2
  8445. El Pecee the Postal Service still uses a version, although it is plastic rather than pressed fiber.
    2
  8446. My high school also used them.
    2
  8447. They are- and we appreciate them.
    2
  8448. Those are ads by Google. I get minimal control over when they play. Are you unfamiliar with the concept of “television” and how it earns revenue?
    2
  8449.  @deplorabledegenerate2630  The 3 a.m. call and the 1979 NORAD Alert https://youtu.be/YCQITNbw7tc. Able Archer and the World's Most Dangerous Year https://youtu.be/dZNoISRg494. The Norwegian Rocket Incident of 1995 https://youtu.be/nwqZ5AR2q5w
    2
  8450. That is apparently difficult with a two hundred foot blowtorch shooting out. But, had the fire been heading towards the missiles, yes, I suspect that may have been an option.
    2
  8451.  @dedomv11  https://youtu.be/k6XSo1Ta5tw?si=KB-Lw6d6CVsU0OVF
    2
  8452. I think her concern was more that it was becoming more and more obvious that he was keeping significant secrets from her.
    2
  8453. Hot water and plain hamburger will cure what ails you. https://archive.org/details/b20402594/page/6/mode/2up
    2
  8454. You misheard. William Knight was purported to be Al Capone's son, not Al Capone himself. That claim was made by William Knight's son, and is disputed.
    2
  8455. Correct.
    2
  8456. Those would be fighting words in Chicago
    2
  8457. I don’t control what ads Google chooses to run.
    2
  8458. The photo of Miller hanging is really him hanging, yes.
    2
  8459. That was not me- it was an impersonator. I reported them to YouTube. If they respond to you, stay away, it is a scam.
    2
  8460. Yes, the lack of internet might be difficult. And you have to like breadfruit.
    2
  8461. Roosevelt did not actually create the National Park System. National parks predate Roosevelt's administration, and he protected parks under the antiquities act. The actual Park Service was created in 1916 and signed by Woodrow Wilson. Not to denigrate Roosevelt's role at all.
    2
  8462. Missouri was admitted as a slave state as part of the Missouri compromise. In exchange, Maine was admitted as a free state. The part of the legislation that excluded slavery in the Louisiana Territory north of the 36° 30’ parallel says territory “not included within the limits of the state contemplated by this act.” So the boundaries of Missouri were already considered. I have never seen anything connecting the deal to the Bootheel.
    2
  8463. I first learned the story from an exhibit in Albright Visitor Center.
    2
  8464. That is a common solution, although obviously it includes more expense to add another rail.
    2
  8465. Lol. I was wondering is anyone would notice that. That is what they called it…
    2
  8466. Scientists tend to disregard that claim, in that no meteor has ever been know to start a fire, and the rare meteors that make it to earth are cold to the touch by the time they land. More likely, the particularly extreme weather conditions at the time made fire danger extremely high across a wide region.
    2
  8467. Planned for Monday
    2
  8468. Please email me at THG@TheHistoryGuy.Net.
    2
  8469. Yes, electors may vote for one, but not two, people from their home state,
    2
  8470. https://youtu.be/eNGn_-msT1M
    2
  8471. They are, apparently, surprisingly difficult to shoot down just by punching holes in them. Still, a layman might think that 1000 would be enough.
    2
  8472.  @philhawley1219  lol and the US would say the same of pork and beans for breakfast. But all indications are that waffle sales are rapidly increasing in the UK, and I found them to be common in breakfast buffets. There is actually a long history of waffles in the UK. The first known use of the word “waffle” as it is spelled today was in a 1725 cookbook called “Court Cookery, or the Compleat English Cook.”
    2
  8473. My script is accurate to history. It represents the means (and sacrifice) by which the allies prevailed in perhaps the greatest conflict in human history. If you wish to argue that we should not have prevailed, that is not my interest, as it is not history. What is inaccurate in my script? Where do I denigrate an enemy, or make a statement about cause?
    2
  8474. vanguardcst certainly all history has perspective. I do not deny that. But I still strive for objectivity, and don’t see how this episode fails to be “objective.” This is about a mission, it accurately describes that mission. Certainly I am not obligated to delve into the whole course of a conflict or the motivations of all belligerents in order to describe a mission. It is true that the Luftwaffe pilots had a point of view as well. They were defending their capital, and their citizens below. But, of course, Germany certainly played a role in initiating the conflict that led to the raid, A discussion of everything that brought the world to the point of this raid would not only be far outside the scope of a video less than many hours long, but, objectively, would be unlikely to spin well in favor of Nazi Germany and Adolf Hitler.
    2
  8475. He preferred "Mr President" or "Colonel Roosevelt." But the diminutive "Teddy" was commonly used in newspapers during his lifetime, and I know of no story where he broke anyone's nose over it.
    2
  8476. Photos in the History Guy are Public Domain images, and are for illustration. They do not necessarily represent the exact events described.
    2
  8477. I think it was simply black humor.
    2
  8478. Yup- my only grapefruit colored shirt doesn’t have French cuffs.
    2
  8479. I have several pairs, thanks to a sponsorship last fall by GlassesUSA.com.
    2
  8480. Still classified I think.
    2
  8481. True- the B-36 was the largest production aircraft- it would have been something if the Spruce Goose made production!
    2
  8482. Hass.
    2
  8483. Thar has been a matter of discussion on the channel. In brief, my audience is more familiar and comfortable with BC/AD.
    2
  8484. It was Douglas. that was my mistake at the end.
    2
  8485. Due to political barriers, it is impossible to follow a direct route around the equator. Guidelines have been created to dictate how far a journey can stray from a great circle route (a perfect circle of 40,075 km) and still be classified as a circumnavigation by the Federation Aeronautique Internationale.
    2
  8486. We included aircraft from the Royal Netherlands Air Force in this episode. I am sure there are many examples beyond these three.
    2
  8487. Just don't say it that way in Vegas.
    2
  8488. Alas, that appears to have been a myth. Recent research on the taxation records shows that the size of the deck was never measured, and tolls were based on the manifest.
    2
  8489. I have no idea why some episodes get more interest than others.
    2
  8490. It wasn’t at the time. It was the harshest penalty ever meted out to Apollo astronauts.
    2
  8491.  @tomrobbins5242  they hated anything hyper political.
    2
  8492. Genetic analysis proved the bones to be those of Casimir Pulaski. Intersex is a real thing, nothing “new age” about it.,
    2
  8493. There are various competing stories. the most common is that Southern Illinois represents a confluence of rivers somewhat like the Nile Delta. There is actually a city named "Cairo" at the point where the Ohio meets the Mississippi, which is the southernmost city in Illinois. The prehistoric mounds at Cahokia are also said to resemble pyramids.
    2
  8494. Yes
    2
  8495. Yes, but as an OCS replacement, he didn’t train with them and joked that, being from Kansas, he’d only ever seen one mountain up close. His story is in this episode. Ninety Day Wonders: US Army Officer Candidate School https://youtu.be/qAEDFsfHQfs
    2
  8496. Walter Clark I am actually not speculating on whether the Civil War was inevitable. The real point is that having Texas statehood as the central question of the 1844 election significantly changed events in the lead up to the war with Mexico. Certainly the next decade would have been different with a second Tyler Administration or a second Van Buren Administration than with Polk. How much different is an open question. I don’t personally think that Civil War or war with Mexico was necessarily inevitable.
    2
  8497. I think that "eccentric and curious" is a great description.
    2
  8498. I heartily agree that the Tenth US cavalry is a storied regiment that deserves to be remembered. But it is not accurate to imply that the 1st Volunteers were not fully involved in the taking of Kettle Hill. The assault was made by the three units, the 10th cavalry, the 3rd cavalry and the 1st US Volunteer cavalry, supported by three Gatling guns under Lt John Henry parker. All three regiments participated fully in the attack. My description here, which, of course, is not intended to be a full description of the battle, is accurate for the piece discussed. I do hope to talk more about the 10th cavalry, but they do receive some attention in this episode: https://youtu.be/vihhRvKGuK4
    2
  8499.  @kevinthomas6528  again, this is not an episode on the Battle of San Juan Hill. It makes a brief mention of the role played in a small part of the battle by Colonel Roosevelt, which is fairly and accurately presented. The episode is entirely accurate, not just “as far as glasses and hats.” There is no place that I misrepresent the battle. Your complaint seems to be that you would prefer the episode to have been on a different subject. If I seem testy, it is because you leveled the charge “whitewashed” and asserted that I am the reason that Americans are misinformed. That is a highly insulting accusation that is wholly incorrect. You have, in your criticism, found nothing in the episode that is not correct. I am happy to admit mistakes where they occur. This is not one. I am offended by assertions of bias, and suggest, if you wish to be taken seriously, you not make such accusations so casually.
    2
  8500. It is no secret. https://news.stlpublicradio.org/show/st-louis-on-the-air/2022-03-22/how-lance-geiger-became-a-youtube-star-with-the-history-guy
    2
  8501. That is a scammer. I’ll go remove them. Sorry!
    2
  8502. The eruption quite possibly affected climate, but the main eruption was not until June, so would not have affected this storm.
    2
  8503. I do not discount the importance of engineering. But I do still defend the importance of remembering history.
    2
  8504. The municipality was named by a Franciscan friar. It more properly translates as “the bathing place.”
    2
  8505. Herodotus called the area of the former kingdom of Canaan “Palestine” in the fifth century BC. That was the term used by historians recording events at the time of the Seleucid conquest. That is separate from the Roman name for the Kingdom of Judea.
    2
  8506.  @steveshoemaker6347  Occasionally we have a complaint about audio quality. Our videos are uploaded in HD using YT specs and the video is playing without distortion on our devices.
    2
  8507. I believe that everything you mention is in the video. Maybe try listening rather than insulting,
    2
  8508. I guess that depends upon how you define capitalism, but yes, the concept well predates Adam Smith.
    2
  8509. I have occasionally been on the radio, but not on NPR.
    2
  8510. Elijah Thompson most were bought second hand, donated or inherited
    2
  8511. Sponsors do not pay you to put their ads at the end of videos. I understand that some people do not prefer sponsored content. I only accept two sponsorships a month. If watching an ad so that I can pay my bills is too much of a burden, then please enjoy the typically ten episodes per month my channel posts without sponsored content.
    2
  8512. https://youtu.be/Tu3tREaE4Xg
    2
  8513. Respectfully, the sheer number of names that have come out in comments of scientists who could have been included shows why the list could not be exhaustive. I mean no disrespect to the hundreds, maybe thousands, of scientists who were critical to the development of the transistor, but whom were not mentioned in the video.
    2
  8514. Actually, the Andamanese seem to have understood the signs and moved to higher ground. It was not their first tsunami.
    2
  8515. Thank you! The podcasts are also available on regular podcast channels like Google Podcasts and Apple Podcasts
    2
  8516. More likely the tongue-in-cheek movement in “Forgottonia” was inspired by the movie.
    2
  8517. Thanks for the story! I would have liked to included a list of those who perished, but couldn't find a complete list.
    2
  8518. @ there were lists of the full crew, but the list was incomplete.
    2
  8519. Brian Cullen Gerald Ford
    2
  8520. Do you mean, by chance, Goldsboro North Carolina? I talk about that accident in this episode: https://youtu.be/yIrSBmG46n8 I have not covered the B-47 incident in South Carolina yet, but do plan to.
    2
  8521.  @callmeshaggy5166  We are a small channel. This video was both researched and scripted by me. I have senior writer- my son- who writes a good number of scripts and a handful pf writers who contribute now and again. In the video description, towards the bottom, we always credit the script writer.
    2
  8522. Does look like him…
    2
  8523. Ulysses Grant
    2
  8524. I decided not to mention the INA in the interest of time constraints. The INA deserves its own episode- it would have taken up all the time to even explain who they were. While the INA is historically important for a number of reasons, in terms of the battle itself, they had little impact.
    2
  8525. You are welcome! I do plan to do an episode on the INA.
    2
  8526. Lol yes. And Versailles is “Ver silly”
    2
  8527. There will be a new episode in the hat series up this weekend.
    2
  8528. https://tighar.org/Projects/Earhart/AEdescr.html
    2
  8529. Thank you!
    2
  8530. I take no stand on Starbucks. I am merely noting the phenomenon.
    2
  8531. The photo of Newcomb was later in life. He achieved the rank of Commodore.
    2
  8532. So do I.
    2
  8533. Marty theMartian still going strong!
    2
  8534. Thank you!
    2
  8535. I am not, I used an online guide. I am delighted if I got it right.
    2
  8536. Richard M why yes, there is a phaser on my shelf
    2
  8537. Apparently depends on the POTUS.
    2
  8538. We post these long-from compilations now and again.
    2
  8539. I happened to grow up in the Black Hills. https://youtu.be/OR0EwnGnp2I https://youtu.be/4auMcmLsMB8 https://youtu.be/QqQzJWhfWxE
    2
  8540. In medieval England it was a generic term for all grains.
    2
  8541. Quite possibly, yes.
    2
  8542. It isn’t. I suspect you are thinking of the Pinnacle, which does summer charters in the Mediterranean. That is a different ship. J.P. Morgan’s steam yacht Corsair III, built in 1898, was donated to the C&GS in 1930. She was decommissioned and broken up in 1944. That is the yacht mentioned in the episode. J.P. Morgan Jr’s yacht Corsair IV, built in 1930, was given to the Royal Navy in 1941. It was sold and converted to a cruise liner in 1946. However, that also isn’t the Pinnacle. Corsair IV struck a rock and sank in 1947 off Acapulco. The Pinnacle actually began as the Nero, built in a Chinese shipyard in 2008 as a near replica of the Corsair IV. That boat was then sold and renamed Pinnacle. So, what is afloat now is actually a copy of a different Morgan yacht. Does that make sense, or am I off base on your comment?
    2
  8543. I use a program called Viddyoze
    2
  8544. At 1:44 I quoted Harry Turman's 1945 speech regarding dropping the atomic bomb. That was 58 years before the MOAB.
    2
  8545. In the US Meridian is figured in degrees west from Washington.
    2
  8546. Good question...
    2
  8547. Pretty much all of history does.
    2
  8548. Yeah, Missouri supposedly took the honey.
    2
  8549. That is a PD image, not actually my screwdriver.
    2
  8550. Yes, the Tsingtao brewery was started by German settlers.
    2
  8551. That is actually a “shuttle astronaut.” It is one of the 1998 “commemorative” GI Joes.
    2
  8552. Well, no boardwalk....
    2
  8553. Not only is that not exactly true- as there were actions outside the convoy routes- merely covering Atlantic convoy routes represented millions of square miles.
    2
  8554. Then “The Drive” is off limits? ;)
    2
  8555. Described in this episode: https://youtu.be/T0o1jNW9wQs
    2
  8556. Not really, because March 15 is has remained the Ideas of March.
    2
  8557. Which tie?
    2
  8558. Thank you! Several topics added to our list.
    2
  8559. Kyle - thank you for the suggestion. I have added it to our ever-growing list of ideas. Please note that due to the large number of suggestions we receive, it may or may not be used.
    2
  8560. Not occupied- sacked. Rome was occupied, but not looted, during the second World War.
    2
  8561. I am not an elevator expert, but there was quite a lot of damage to the shaft. We know she did fall, but it is unclear if a braking mechanism slowed the fall. The most common explanation offered for her survival is the the cables coiled up in the shaft.
    2
  8562. That is a term often used to refer to the 1915 to 1934 US Occupation of Haiti
    2
  8563. I may well do that, yes.
    2
  8564. Possibly- i have many more topic ideas for the Civil War.
    2
  8565. Yes.
    2
  8566. In some ways American English is older than British English, in that it was insulated from a some later changes, such as the affectation to elongate "a"s in the "tomato tomahto" difference. But, for the most part, the GVS had occurred prior to colonization in the Americas.
    2
  8567. The etymology of the phrase is disputed. We do know that the phrase was used in reference to Joseph McCoy, but it may have started elsewhere. As the link describes, many think it came from Scotland and started as "the Real McKay." I am actually most dubious of the McCoy oil-drip device story, since that story started with a 1985 advertisement, and there doesn't seem to be evidence of it's actual use in the period.
    2
  8568. Mal Young I do- a nice Vietnam era one.
    2
  8569.  @alecjones4135  https://www.airspacemag.com/videos/category/new-label/deadly-ac-130-gunship-in-action-firing-all-i/
    2
  8570. If i understand correctly, they did not, by and large, rotate crews, and many of them would have been veterans of Pearl Harbor.
    2
  8571. les dunn I suspect that you are thinking of another wreck. The Richard Montgomery and her explosives are still in the Thames. Last June the Department of Transport started seeking a firm that could remove the masts- still visible above the water- in order to decease pressure on the hull.
    2
  8572. les dunn my source is the Thames, where the masts are still visible today. I don’t know what you are misreading, but the Richard Montgomery still makes the news on a semi-regular basis. It has not been removed.
    2
  8573. les dunn this is a BBC article from June talking about the contract to remove the masts to keep the wreck from collapsing, something that would not be necessary if the explosives had been removed and the wreck sold: https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-kent-52918221. This is the current UK government information page on the wreck. Had the explosives been removed and the wreck sold, you would think the government responsible for the wreck would have been informed. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/the-ss-richard-montgomery-information-and-survey-reports. This is one of several news articles published in August, largely because of the similarity of risk after explosion in Beirut. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/aug/17/fresh-fears-ss-richard-montgomery-wartime-wreck-kent-explosive-munitions. Had the explosive been removed since August, it would have made international news, but a simple Google search shows nothing. Respectfully, I do not know how you are misreading something, but the explosives are still aboard the S.S. Richard Montgomery in the Thames. There is disagreement as to this risk they represent, but there they are.
    2
  8574. 12:16 is Lexington (CV-2) after the . But, if you look very closely, you can barely see the Yorktown on the top left. 12:35 is, indeed, Hiryu.
    2
  8575. That was not an actual picture of her autopsy.
    2
  8576. We are not responsible for the ads.
    2
  8577. The moniker is commonly applied to both battles. Some will even say "A Gettysburg of the West." My take on Glorieta Pass: https://youtu.be/_dQzYdFY_w4?si=FURG354ocRnqtm_D
    2
  8578. LOL
    2
  8579. British place names aren"t easy, and almost never pronounced as they are spelled. Please forgive me if I miss some.
    2
  8580. Yes, oxen were consumed both historically and today. As an ox is just a castrated male cow, ox meat is called "beef."
    2
  8581. Actually it is extremely relevant. The scam was entirely based upon exploiting the national emergency and people's perceptions at the time. The Dale really only makes sense in context.
    2
  8582. The Atheist Officer LOL no worries. But certainly Hannibal happened. As to the Battle of Zama, if it did not occur- and I need to stress that is just a theory, not at all an accepted position- it would still be history that Rome chose to portray it as they did.
    2
  8583. https://youtu.be/wFjYiXRINKo
    2
  8584. This is not a political channel. Please respect that.
    2
  8585. I have never found an explanation for the call sign. I have also been informed by Air Force veterans that it would have been pronounced "Mourn seven-niner."
    2
  8586. There is an argument that Hawthorn might have been driving more carelessly due to his illness. But the inquiry simply found no fault in his driving. He, himself, seemed to blame Macklin, who was in the process of suing Hawthorn when Hawthorn died. others blame Levegh. It is clear, however, that Hawthorn was much haunted by the accident, and described as downright distraught when it happened. I was under the impression that he was driving his own modified Jaguar 3.4 at the time of his death.
    2
  8587. Goatcha the line is attributed to the giant Thunderdell, and “fee fau fum” is originally presented in Jack the Giant Killer. Thunderdell was then, apparently, incorporated into the later story of Jack and the Beanstalk.
    2
  8588. Very cool! Unfortunately much of the media is not yet in the Public Domain, so I could not use it.
    2
  8589. I don't think they are the same person...
    2
  8590. From a cover for Popular Mechanics
    2
  8591. Troy Theriot Jemima Nicholas
    2
  8592. Four.
    2
  8593. It is a standard diamond bowtie from The Tie Bar.
    2
  8594. He pretty much just slept through it.
    2
  8595. 1953
    2
  8596. That is entirely up to the cat.
    2
  8597. That is a fair question. By far the most reasonable explanation is that it was a wolf or wolves. But there are many descriptions that defy explanation.
    2
  8598. raymondkoonce I honestly don’t think I am displaying a bias. It is not anachronistic to be repulsed by these events.
    2
  8599. The B-47 was introduced in June, 1951.
    2
  8600. hang da clown it is gruesome, but his helmet was slashed in half. The stabilizer cut directly through the cockpit.
    2
  8601. I don't plan to cover the incident for a few reasons. The largest of which is that I don't have any new insight into the controversy, and I feel it would take longer than my channel format to do the whole story justice. Too, it is very likely to be demonitized by YouTube.
    2
  8602. @ any mention of war or terrorism in the Middle East is usually demonetized.
    2
  8603. This video was created 5 years ago. Since then, yes, we have consulted with a sound technician and made improvements to both the hardware and the setup. I hope you enjoy many of our other videos. Thank you for watching and commenting.
    2
  8604. You can message me from the "about" tab on the channel home page.
    2
  8605. I didn't start with the bow tie- if I am not wearing one, you know it was one of the first few episodes I made.
    2
  8606. Robert McCormick that is a fair question. Wilson did contract influenza in France. Some argue it impacted the treaty negotiations. He did recover from the flu- he was not suffering from the illness when he returned to America, but it likely physically weakened him, and that would have been one of Grayson’s concerns. There has been some speculation that the episode in France may have been a stroke, and not flu. But that is largely discounted. It is unlikely that the bout with the flu and the stroke were directly related.
    2
  8607. Respectfully, I think that you are far off on your 1% claim. This channel is quite broad and continues to cover history of all peoples and time periods. But I do not deny that the channel content tends to reflect, for various reasons, its audience. That history does not become less important simply because other history exists. But this is YouTube. If you have topics that excite your interest, make a video and share that passion. You cannot expect just one History Guy to relate all the stories of tens of thousands of years of world history. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGgDDIGx85ZLpAB8GaNx-t_S https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjy_BjpJeShaLV7rLrAiFnr https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGihLlNlSNmPxZwjePAT2dfv https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGg7CHyA7KLcyiTjVmdWZS5j https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGghMPvdrbWROqRnLwQIaulR https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGiZ2p4wJSMiDT5OgwyXDmiQ
    2
  8608. Exactly the opposite. The dog was named after the fictional detective.
    2
  8609. I certainly have not forgotten the Port Chicago disaster. But the town was not eliminated by the 1944 accident, and, in fact, survived until 1968, when the property was acquired by the government via imminent domain.
    2
  8610. S Tho that is an interesting point, as the French were flying the white flag in this period.
    2
  8611. The ones banned from government jobs, as well as being deprived of pensions, were those who deserted the Irish Defense Forces to join the combatants. They were not granted amnesty until 2013.
    2
  8612. Dream interpretation is interesting, but I agree, I never put much stock in dreams. That is why these stories where a dream produced a breakthrough are so interesting to me.
    2
  8613. It is unlisted but still viewable here: https://youtu.be/F2L7bvFON7U
    2
  8614. Simon Jones I would say that our efforts to build peaceful ties with Japan since the war have paid great dividends.
    2
  8615. Fortis in Arduis the airport wasn’t open yet.
    2
  8616. A cat. Pocky.
    2
  8617. I don’t see how anyone who watched the video would suggest I “sugar-coated” anything.
    2
  8618. They like being held
    2
  8619. They had cut off the fuel and shut off the engine. The prop would not feather and was spinning in the wind, causing drag. The reason for shutting off the oil was to get the whole mechanism to seize and stop the spinning, but instead the propeller decoupled and kept spinning..
    2
  8620. I don't know why you think I have any loyalty to Margaret Thatcher- I live in Illinois. But no matter your thoughts on the exclusion zones and the sinking, the ARA General Belgrano was not, by any standard, and even according to the Argentine military, a hospital ship. The ship was classified a light cruiser, and had offensive arms including fifteen turreted six inch guns.
    2
  8621. We have continued to produce the videos on our Monday/Wednesday/Friday schedule, (although I occasionally take a day off.) The podcasts are released every-other Tuesday in addition to the regular video schedule.,
    2
  8622. I talk about Ranjit Singh and the Sikh Empire in this episode: https://youtu.be/7tZkSRNsI_g
    2
  8623. She was, largely in reference to the number of times the Japanese claimed to have sank her, although "the Big E" was a more commonly used nickname. The nickname "the Grey Ghost" was not applied to USS Iowa until the Korean war.
    2
  8624. That is an eternal discussion among WWII aficionados.
    2
  8625. Buist was likely seeing clumps of vaccinia, but could not see individual structure.
    2
  8626. La la la la la
    2
  8627. If you have any photos that you would be willing to share (I am happy to give you credit,) please feel free to email them to thehistoryguyyt@gmail.com.
    2
  8628. Good movie.
    2
  8629. Rush is a Canadian group, so they would have to have been aware of the DEW line project. And the song definitely talks about the nuclear age. in a 1984 interview Neal Peart said the song was about "living in the modern world basically in all of its manifestations in terms of the distance from us of the threat of superpowers and the nuclear annihilation and all of that stuff, and these giant missiles pointed at each other across the ocean."  Oddly,  he did not say that it was specifically inspired by the Distant Early Warning radar stations. But, given the lyrics "Cruising under your radar Watching from satellites Take a page from the red book Keep them in your sights"  you have to think it was.
    2
  8630. I’ve been thinking nothing but good thoughts about that bridge all day!
    2
  8631. I don’t know who you are accusing of forgetting Civil War history, certainly I have not.
    2
  8632. That is the first production B-52A taking off from Boeing Field, 5 August 1954. My guess is that the plane in the background is a B-50.
    2
  8633. Some hundreds of millions of people who live west of the Mississippi might disagree.
    2
  8634. Burke Campbell My intent is to present historical fact, not to “romanticize.” The way that I see it, no new view or contextualizing is going to reverse westward expansion, and so I believe that the importance of Ashley and his crew will not diminish. It is what it is, and that is important and worth remembering. I prefer to leave the question of whether what is is good or bad up to the viewer.
    2
  8635. Thanks for your suggestion. I have added it to our ever-growing list of possible ideas. Please note, due to the large number of suggestions we receive, it may or may not be used.
    2
  8636. Huh- I am not sure what that is- maybe a mirror?
    2
  8637. One of the notable things about the industry is how long the original brands have persisted. While many are now just trademarks owned by conglomerates, others are still family owned.
    2
  8638. If you do not accept evolutionary theory, you cannot deny that God made us genetically extremely similar to the hominid apes. That suggests that God expected that we might learn something from them.
    2
  8639. Was flame involved?
    2
  8640. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IVTRpTHPs3o
    2
  8641. Occasionally yes. Most recently the phenomenon was visible in California last March.
    2
  8642. Lol
    2
  8643. That was not, apparently the plan. The guns had been stored in a car trunk, and had, somehow, had gasoline spilled on them. The four were trying to use a hair dryers to dry off the gas to cover the smell. Right then, a steward walked in on them carrying a fruit basket, and that forced them to act ahead of schedule. Evidence later suggests the plan was to take the ship later, when all passengers were on board. However, at the time they said they had not intended to hijack the ship at all, but were planning to disembark for a "mission" in Israel.
    2
  8644. LOL thanks, but not really my thing.
    2
  8645. I did, my mistake- A primary source confused the K-314 and the K-431, although the K-314 did have an accident involving its reactor overheating.
    2
  8646. Those are "beach barrage" rockets, but similar to the anti-submarine device.
    2
  8647. Not a whole lot of people do- there are only two towns in the area of the Platte purchase over 10,000 residents. But Platte county in the south is, essentially, a suburb of Kansas City now.
    2
  8648. That was before operation Chrome Dome. I did not include it in this episode.
    2
  8649. That is Lucky Star, one of four who co-rule my home. The picture came from Crown and Paw.
    2
  8650. Or maybe that claim was blarney, but the point is still the same.
    2
  8651.  @captderichelieu2280  sorry, you are presenting a long ago debunked myth.
    2
  8652. It is interesting how much of history was affected by pirates.
    2
  8653. But also in German and Polish folklore.
    2
  8654. It is glorifying history.
    2
  8655. https://youtu.be/_Uu6GULBKVM
    2
  8656. John Willis spelled his name “Lea,” although the family also sometime used the spelling “Leigh.” The Lea’s apparently originally came from Kent, while the Lee’s came from Shropshire.
    2
  8657. That may well be an episode some day. And it gives a chance to talk about Fort Jefferson...
    2
  8658. The short bit at the conclusion is standard for the channel, and so yes, uses a different bow tie than what I wear while filming.
    2
  8659. I understand that some viewers do not prefer sponsored content. That is one reason that I made it clear the content was sponsored at the start, so that you could choose one of our almost 300 other episodes without sponsored content if you so prefer.
    2
  8660. Actually, because of its eccentric orbit, Pluto was inside the orbit of Uranus at the time. So even if it were a planet, it wasn’t the outermost planet in 1983.
    2
  8661. O T I beg to differ. Franklin county is smack in the middle of Little Egypt.
    2
  8662. https://youtu.be/wP1kq9H7TYg?si=Asq8x2zZ6G1WNpZ7
    2
  8663. There are a few who claim they were the same person, yes. https://youtu.be/56sNy0_UTdo
    2
  8664. No, the term "ship" has nothing to do with sails. There are plenty of ships today- very few have sails. And many boats do have sails- called, literally, "Sailboats." Boats are distinct from ships- the Royal Navy, for example, teaches its cadets that a boat leans IN to a turn, while a ship leans OUT. The difference between the two is usually seen in size. In fact, most define a ship as being 200 feet or longer, making the Eagle boats, at 200.8 feet long, nearly the line between the two. Traditionally, though, submarines are referred to as boats no matter their size.
    2
  8665. LordBlackadder the point of the episode is that the partisanship of the day is not new. That is the only statement made or implied about current politics.
    2
  8666. Nonetheless, many Irish nationalists consider him (and several who engaged in violence,) to be a hero and freedom fighter.
    2
  8667. The cats' participation is entirely up to them.
    2
  8668. US Customs Inspector. I'd love to have one...
    2
  8669. Thank you! Yes, I have upgraded equipment. Our Patreon page is active again, as well as channel memberships here on YouTube. I don’t know what else happens at Locals, but my community is not given to conspiracy theories, and the weekly livecasts are a hoot.
    2
  8670. Greyhound is based on a novel that is a work of fiction.
    2
  8671. Must have been confusing at times.
    2
  8672. He was likely buying and selling items that he acquired from pirates.
    2
  8673. Then let’s not get into a conversation about how to pronounce “aluminum.” ;)
    2
  8674. The two parts- part of the arm holding an apple and the base, have not been seen since 1820, but may still be in some storehouse for the Louvre. The other missing pieces were lost in antiquity.
    2
  8675. Dylan Hepburn sorry, you are incorrect. They are civilian contractors or members of the civil service, but the organization is called the Military Sealift Command. The MSC is not a company, it is an organization of the Department of Defense, reporting through the United States Transportation Command.
    2
  8676. Thank you!
    2
  8677. Thank you for your service!
    2
  8678. we have produced a few bits of insight here and there. We might do more, or include that more in our podcast series that is in production.
    2
  8679. Honestly quite embarrassing now. My parents stuff was Herb Albert, Chuck Mangione, Barbara Streisand, my Dad listened to Marty Robbins. Also show tunes and Bill Cosby. Eventually I bought a lot of Styx.
    2
  8680. More on the Bootheel here: https://youtu.be/79s6HSu_Ij8
    2
  8681. David Farrell fair point. I misspoke. I apologize.
    2
  8682. Unlike small arms, in naval gun terminology caliber refers to the barrel length, not the bore. A sixteen-inch forty-five caliber weapon has a bore of 16 inches and a barrel length of 720 inches- which is forty-five times sixteen. The sixteen-inch fifty caliber guns of the Iowa class have a sixteen-inch bore and a barrel length of 800 inches, giving them greater muzzle velocity and range.
    2
  8683.  @thehillbillygamer2183  great question! For me not really, no, I don’t think there is any history that I think doesn’t deserve to be remembered. There is reason to remember both the good and the bad in history. Any bit of history that is forgotten diminishes the human story. For me that is job security….
    2
  8684. @ thank you for your service.
    2
  8685. Mohabat khan Malak the Afrika Korps pith helmet was a true pith helmet, not pressed fiber.
    2
  8686. HMS Glowworm, Great story!
    2
  8687. Wow!
    2
  8688. Another exciting story that may be its own episode.
    2
  8689. I've given short shrift to the eastern front, I admit. That is not my goal, but, to be frank, neither the Germans nor the Russians like to share their photographs. I tend to go where the Public Domain photos are...
    2
  8690. Because they were going much slower on only two engines. It would have taken them much longer than five hours given the reduced speed. The spinning propeller also caused drag, and compelled them to operate at less than optimal altitude. The conditions meant that five hours would not get them near land.
    2
  8691. I actually do most of the writing (and am responsible for most of the errors.) We have a handful of other writers. The script author is noted at the bottom of the description.
    2
  8692. LOL just mostly so...
    2
  8693. Rooster Cogburn's cat was named after the Confederate general.
    2
  8694.  @szndm  There are several, but this is a great reference talking about the accidents and the effect on USAAF policy: https://krex.k-state.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/2097/16879/MarlynPierce2013.pdf?sequence=1
    2
  8695. It is Google ads, I did register my objection to the standards,
    2
  8696. In my experience, Missouri is easier by car than Kansas...
    2
  8697. I assure you, I pronounced it the way it is pronounced locally.
    2
  8698. https://forvo.com/word/graf_spee/
    2
  8699. The description makes it clear that the photos are for illustration. I can only use what is available in the public domain, and there are virtually no extant photos pf these events.
    2
  8700. Evelyn Nielsen Wood, the educator who developed the speed reading technique, was a woman from Utah.
    2
  8701. Bill Schauer Koch did not see them as dogma, but, then again, Koch did not actually suggest their use beyond his own research. But, regardless of his apparent understanding that the postulates were flexible, they began to be applied dogmatically to the point that the scientific community would not accept a casual connection if the microbe could not be isolated. You are correct that they only needed to be applied more flexibly, but they weren’t, and that stymied researchers for decades. My understanding is that Koch’s postulates have, in fact, been superseded by other criteria today. I did not mean to suggest the postulates did not still have value, and apologize if you took that meaning. https://www.ijidonline.com/article/S1201-9712(12)00119-1/fulltext
    2
  8702. I reposted to correct an error in the earlier version.
    2
  8703. Certainly there are exceptions- more so in the Navy than the Army, where interoperability with NATO is a larger issue.
    2
  8704. Richard Mourdock Myles Lane, who prosecuted the Rosenbergs, played football at Dartmouth, where Jesse Hawley, who invented the pressed fiber sun helmet, was the head coach.
    2
  8705. I looked into an episode on the emu war, but there has actually been a lot done on YouTube already, and I didn't think I had much to add. It is a ripping yarn.
    2
  8706. Spokane was quite close to the path of totality in 1918, the location of the longest totality was along the Washington/Oregon border and the path was wide. The sun was described as 97% obscured in Spokane. There were news stories written all over the country, but Washington and Oregon seemed to produce more of them.
    2
  8707. USS Greer, USS Kearny, USS Reuben James, and the Undeclared War. https://youtu.be/KkArqS9y1D0
    2
  8708. No
    2
  8709. LOL- no, was not intentional...
    2
  8710. A gift from a subscriber. They are for sale online: https://store.maam.org/toby-mug/?gQT=2
    2
  8711. It is spelled "Samhain," but pronounced "Saawn"
    2
  8712.  @anthonyhargis6855  yeah- the auto captions struggle sometimes.
    2
  8713. Nathan L his actions capturing the machine gun nest was during the Meuse-Argonne offensive.
    2
  8714. It was a difficult episode to make. Sometimes history is like that.
    2
  8715. TIBOR Purzsas taking a liberty means stepping outside bounds. Needs sorting mean needs sorting out. In this case, it meant punching a dude who shot a cop.
    2
  8716. Großer Maik someone else is eating your share and theirs...
    2
  8717. https://youtu.be/8E23AbYtYFE
    2
  8718. Yes, sorry- that was my mistake.
    2
  8719. It is state owned and managed by The Bavarian Palace Administration. The administration was created when the Bavarian Electorate became a kingdom in 1805 under an agreement where the palaces were maintained as cultural heritage. When the monarchy was deposed in 1918, the properties in the “civil list” became state property.
    2
  8720. The term "Old hat" to refer to things that were worn out or hackneyed was commonly used in early twentieth century literature, and I could not find a specific connection to the Wall Street tradition. Incidentally, the term's original use in the seventeenth century was embarrassingly crass...
    2
  8721. No. U-Boats and the Luftwaffe, both of which attacked merchant vessels.
    2
  8722. Correct. The Air Force has never released photos of the Savage Mountain crash, and of course there was no one there to take a picture of the plane with a missing stabilizer. Where pictures of the actual event do not exist, I will sometimes use pictures of similar events for illustration. The plane pictured actually lost its stabilizer three days before the Savage Mountain event, and demonstrates the potential risks of the design.
    2
  8723. Washington was the top timber producer that year. Still, a huge amount was lost.
    2
  8724.  @stevemccoy8138  the most prevalent theory is that it was an Anglicized version of “the Real MacKay,” which was used referring to a Scottish whiskey in the 1850s. The term appeared in print at least in 1881, and was definitely used by cattle baron Joseph McCoy, in reference to boxer Kid McCoy, and, though disputed, to inventor Elijah McCoy all well before Bill McCoy started his liquor import career.
    2
  8725.  @chiefslinginbeef  that particular quotation came from this National Park Service site: https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/selective-service-and-arsenal-of-democracy.htm
    2
  8726. Well, human constructed islands is a slightly different legal matter. Actually, many of the US Pacific holdings were the result of the Guano Islands act.
    2
  8727. My mistake- sorry for the inconvenience.
    2
  8728. That was not me, but an impersonator. I Reported them to YouTube.
    2
  8729. Wow- the position is so not at all Marxist. I don't think you understand the term in the least. In fact, the argument was that it was anti-competitive behavior that reduced fair trade. Cartels fixing prices is not capitalism. The study is here: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=50869
    2
  8730. I do use a program to sharpen images that are too pixelated, and that is likely what you are seeing.
    2
  8731. steve shoemaker I got mine at Lock and Company on St James’s street in London.
    2
  8732. Happy Anniversary!
    2
  8733. Oops- you are correct- my mistake.
    2
  8734. There is a picture of Ark Royal at 10:52.
    2
  8735. It is a bit well known for a channel on forgotten history, but it is also an area of interest to me. I may have something on the campaign, at least, at some point.
    2
  8736. Mark Garin his position moved over time. By the end he was an abolitionist, although he never argued for armed insurrection like John Brown.
    2
  8737. It's the thought that counts.
    2
  8738. They are, but that was the intent of wartime propaganda posters.
    2
  8739. djolley61 absolutely true.
    2
  8740. Krakatoa is a different volcano.
    2
  8741. Grote Mandrenke: The Great Drowning of Men https://youtu.be/ZgWsMFS77X8
    2
  8742. I have not.
    2
  8743. I may well do an episode in the future focusing on the long range penetration group. I mention them in this episode: https://youtu.be/tMrYmy4pabc and this episode: https://youtu.be/wHBxKNrcJPw
    2
  8744.  @JohnMoses1897  Thank you. It wasn’t my choice, but life goes on. She has not been involved with the channel for years.
    2
  8745. Yes, the two regiments we mentioned are the First and Second Kansas Colored Infantry regiments.
    2
  8746. And he kill one if he could catch it...
    2
  8747. Clearly it was not the first time, though water ditching is often fatal.
    2
  8748. They are uncommon, but you can find them. I have to say, I really love mine- a really nice, clean, named, stamped and dated hat with a unique badge.
    2
  8749. While Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz married George III in 1761, the legend that she brought the first Christmas tree to England refers to a tree at Queen’s Lodge, Windsor, in December, 1800. Baroness Riedesel zu Eisenbach is credited by some as popularizing the Christmas tree in the Americas. But that tree was set up in 1781, not 1776, and was most likely not the first Christmas tree in the Americas. There are competing stories, but the first was likely set up by a Hessian POW in Connecticut in 1777. Even the claim that the Baroness popularized the trees is dubious, as the tradition in Canada followed much the same pattern as the UK and US, and Christmas trees did not become widely popular until the Victorian era and into the twentieth century. Still, the Riedesels represent early German traditions in the Americas, and Charlotte's letters are a fascinating read and unique insight into the era. She was certainly an extraordinary woman.
    2
  8750.  @michaelmanning5379  yes, I think she was delayed because he insisted she travel with a companion. It has been a while since I read it.
    2
  8751. Puggaree.
    2
  8752. Imperial gallons are larger than US gallons, and the standards for measure of MPG differ between nations, so European MPGs ratings are not necessarily comparable. But, in general, cars in Europe are smaller than in the US, so average fuel efficiency is better.
    2
  8753. Thank you!
    2
  8754. Because this was an episode about Project Stormfury.
    2
  8755.  @Annabanana727  the video is about the program to try to reduce the strength of hurricanes.
    2
  8756. That is a complex story in the United States.
    2
  8757. I apologize for the error.
    2
  8758. @ what can I say, I do make mistakes.
    2
  8759. The episode is about the life of Harald Hardrada, King of Norway. The title seems to fully encapsulate the subject.
    2
  8760. I am not, unless you count YouTube as such. The History Guy is my job.
    2
  8761.  @spoddie  The officers went to flight school, just like they went to infantry school, after graduation. The academy is not boot camp nor OCS, it is a university and intended to educate people who could be leaders in the service. As the episode mentions (if attention to detail is important) that there was an additional three months training at minimum before assignment regardless. USMA graduates got the same flight training as everyone else, although there was basic flight training at the Academy. And, like any other specialty, their training at West Point was intended to prepare them for leadership. Of course it made sense to establish an Air Force, eventually with its own academy. But I don’t see your logic as to why the AAF should have been treated differently than other Army specialties. Things are expected of USMA graduates no matter where they go in the Army.
    2
  8762. Different Daniel Sickles.
    2
  8763. https://youtu.be/LVQkpTxGtwA
    2
  8764. The Novel, and it's fictional falcon, was written in 1930. To my knowledge, it was unrelated to Napoleon.
    2
  8765. I live in Illinois- right next door.
    2
  8766. @ general population polls were actually in favor of renewing the leases and also showed a generally favorable opinion of the US. The issue mentioned in the press, aside from compensation, was national sovereignty and a feeling in the Senate that the large US bases gave us too much influence on governmental decisions.
    2
  8767. Not yet, no.
    2
  8768. Faro was quite popular into the 20th century. Poker might have been seen as “America’s game,” but Faro would have been very familiar.
    2
  8769. New York was commonly called Gotham at the time- it was possibly coined by Washington Irving in 1807, although the use of the term may predate that. The reference is to the village of Gotham in Nottinghamshire, which was, according to legend, populated by fools- so the reference was particularly apropos to the Straw Hat Riot. Period newspapers referring to the Straw Hat Riot often used the name. Gotham City was not identified as Batman's place of residence until Batman #4 in 1940. It has been most commonly portrayed as being in New Jersey.
    2
  8770. Raus’ men tried that as well, to no avail. A charge tied directly to the gun barrel only left a small dent.
    2
  8771.  @slingerssecretlaboratory  I am glad she liked it!
    2
  8772. She’s a lovely ship, and there is much more that could be restored and visited than what had previously been on display. The way she was previously funded simply didn’t allow adequately saving for essential maintenance. The new arrangement should allow her to last for many generations.
    2
  8773. It is simply untrue that Ford paid Black workers less. I don’t work for Ford, but I do defend history.
    2
  8774. Quite a bit larger, but it does have that same sleek, low lying look.
    2
  8775. concerned1313 I think that he accomplished quite a lot if considered as a whole, and it is too bad that that is forgotten. But it is hard to overstate the damage done by Watergate.
    2
  8776. Yes. In fact, we will be posting on YT about a month after the Podcast release. You can find us on all the major podcast apps.
    2
  8777. Fair point- he was commissioned a Lieutenant after Pearl Harbor.
    2
  8778. Actually scars on the hips clearly demonstrated the results of years on horseback.
    2
  8779. It was derived from a comment by the coach about "roaring through opponents." https://tulsahurricane.com/sports/2018/4/16/general-info-quick-facts.aspx
    2
  8780. Fair question.
    2
  8781. There is actually disagreement over who invented the twistgrip throttle. The candidates usually mentioned are Curtiss, Gottlieb Daimler and Sylvester Roper, but the first production model to use the twist grip was produced by Indian Motorcycle.
    2
  8782. Been there many times.
    2
  8783. In the works
    2
  8784. My name is Lance Geiger. And thank you, I actually am often close to tears myself when telling some of these stories.
    2
  8785. Yes, that may well be an episode all its own.
    2
  8786. Thank you! Much appreciated!
    2
  8787. wacting dog https://youtu.be/Rb-DSFoh7zk
    2
  8788. The NWMP formed around the same time, and had to to with the creation of the Dominion, although I don't think there was a direct connection to the Wolseley expedition. I may well do an episode on the NWMP.
    2
  8789. They are not- they are designed for battle casualties, not controlling pathogens. They do not have isolation wards.
    2
  8790. Thank you!
    2
  8791. Gary Cooper I say that it is the tower that people call Big Ben, which they quite regularly do. It is a common metonymy even among Britons. https://www.parliament.uk/bigben
    2
  8792. I actually like English food. They’ll serve you a beef and gravy pie with a side of gravy.
    2
  8793. Respectfully, the term “savory” was more an alternative to “salty” rather than umami, which is distinct from salty. While it did take some time for the name to reach the US, the person who scientifically identified the flavor gets to name it.
    2
  8794. I have only seen Discord in relation to game chat. What would it do for this channel?
    2
  8795. Yes, the podcasts are largely audio versions of previous videos, although we do include some original content.
    2
  8796. Planned for Monday
    2
  8797. 5/8 inch- 16 mm. It might not have meant that much in a battle, but the Hudson went through a squall on the way to Florida, and the new armor might have kept the deckhouse from washing away.
    2
  8798. I lived in the Black Hills at the time. I remember it clearly.
    2
  8799. Paraphrasing George Patton in Latin?
    2
  8800. pauper muta bastardis
    2
  8801. Not all of those ships were operated by the water division.
    2
  8802. Thank you!
    2
  8803. Eric Taylor true, but he was not doing that mid flight.
    2
  8804. Wojtek
    2
  8805. Dr Cover yes, I used it because it was looking for Scots to join the Territorial Army.
    2
  8806. I am not quite clear on your point. They considered the way in which hail would affect an engine like a hard object, that was the factor they had considered. The standards did not, however, consider that hail would affect engine operation differently than rain would. They though of hail like a rock, but they didn't think of it like water that would more easily penetrate into the combustion chamber.
    2
  8807. Thomas Schoon the thinking was that hail would just turn to water an be centrifuged away as the engine was designed to do with rain. They did not anticipate it flying right through to the combustion chamber.
    2
  8808. What ocean do you think Japan resides in?
    2
  8809. There are certainly similarities, including parking atop the U-Boat.
    2
  8810. It might well be one.
    2
  8811. Actually, at the period, it was more canals and waterways. rails were pretty nascent in the US at the time.
    2
  8812. Old videos.
    2
  8813. I think the most significant obstacle was countering torque. Sikorsky's contribution was a helicopter that could be controlled all directions.
    2
  8814. Absolutely
    2
  8815. This is a podcast. Videos are released every Monday, Wednesday and Friday. Podcasts are released every other Tuesday.
    2
  8816. This is a fair claim. It all depends upon how it is measured. The Battle of Normandy was substantively different than the offensives into northern France. The launch of Operation Cobra on July 25 represented a new set of objectives, and it is a stretch to call that the same battle as the D-Day landings. Combining the two is really looking at a campaign rather than a single battle. The two together cover a period about three times as long as the battle of the Meuse Argonne.
    2
  8817. Sorry- I could not find Public Domain maps.
    2
  8818. While the AAC was not officially disestablished until 1947, when the OCAC was abolished in 1941 and the functions of the AAC were transferred to the AAF, the AAC no longer had command, mission, budget, or staff. It was a combat arm in title, but not a command organization. "Organizational construct" is a fair title.
    2
  8819. Agreed- quite similar to a number of “crazes” that have distracted the public.
    2
  8820. We have ties for the cats- they are less than cooperative about them...
    2
  8821.  @andrewliberman7694  thank you!
    2
  8822. Claudia McCarty as a Devil’s advocate, his response can be seen as attempting to protect both her reputation and to save her from financial ruin, as her behavior was increasingly erratic. Clearly they differed in their interpretation of events, but I have not seen evidence that he was not trying to pursue what he saw as her best interest.
    2
  8823. Carl Rice Bill McCoy was certainly an interesting personality, and may be an episode some day. While the phrase may have been applied to him, as well as to the also colorful boxer Charles “Kid” McCoy, it could not have originated with either. The phrase was published in a popular book in 1881 when Bill McCoy was just a child.
    2
  8824. May well make an episode on the beard tax sometime.
    2
  8825. Yes, of course of the Adam West version.
    2
  8826. My cats are well cared for.
    2
  8827. That is a barracks photo- sometimes called a "yardlong" - of the Fifth Missouri Volunteer infantry in 1917.
    2
  8828. The Postmaster General was a member of the cabinet until 1970, and so was in the line of succession behind the Attorney general. When the post office was made an independent agency in 1970, the position was no longer a part of the cabinet and the postmaster general is no longer in the line of succession for the president.
    2
  8829. Not that interesting, in that this is a video about the evacuation after the Pinatubo eruption.
    2
  8830. There are quite a few websites that show numbers of warheads, which are all regulated today by the SALT agreements.
    2
  8831. We understand that some viewers are frustrated with YouTube. We have not yet started posting on another platform.
    2
  8832. It’s a mr Death or something, he’s come about the reaping?
    2
  8833. Thank you for your service! Obviously I defer to you on the details of the battle. Respectfully, I think the difference in the description comes from how the battle is regarded- whether 73 Easting is defined narrowly as the initial contact or in terms of the larger battle as it emerged.
    2
  8834. That is a fair point, although the colonial powers and slave traders were also a questionable lot, and many of the same people mixed between those groups.
    2
  8835. Yup. About as cheap as they come. I admitted to that here: https://youtu.be/O1soBPG_PbI I do have a grand plan to have a more accurate version done by a blacksmith.
    2
  8836. thespacemonkeyist thank you!
    2
  8837. Kevin Byrne actually a standard CPI calculator makes that just some $580,000.00, not million. That is quite a deal.
    2
  8838. He was named after the Biblical character. https://biblespeak.org/onesimus-pronunciation/
    2
  8839. The rockets that were installed on the USS Barb were described as being five inch rockets, and were likely actually aircraft rockets- the High Velocity Aircraft Rocket or HVAR. They were built to attack ships from the air and had the nickname "Holy Moses."
    2
  8840. Thank you for your service.
    2
  8841. It was.
    2
  8842. Enh. It grows, I get it cut, it grows again.
    2
  8843. The point is that their anti-competitive price fixing restricted growth.
    2
  8844. The comparison to Chernobyl was made by Dr. Batzel, then director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, in Congressional testimony. He was referencing the particular issue of uranium contamination of the soil.
    2
  8845. The movie was based on a novel that was a work of fiction.
    2
  8846. It is actually US Route 40- the national road. The grave site, which now has a monument, is part of Fort Necessity National Battlefield. The story does involve the Pittsburgh Pirates, of course, in that Three Rivers Stadium is within sight of the location of Fort Duquesne. And yes, the Pirates haven't been good since Willie Stargell retired.
    2
  8847. LOL- just happened to pick black out of the drawer.
    2
  8848. Thanks, you too!
    2
  8849. We may do further episodes on the Concorde, yes.
    2
  8850. Thank you!
    2
  8851. I couldn't find that detail- just that he died in a US hospital. There were a number of tropical diseases that killed a good many troops.
    2
  8852. Ms History Guy writes many of the episodes, but only delivers when she feels like it. :)
    2
  8853. The US coinage system is generally regarded at the first fully decimal system of currency, yes.
    2
  8854. Did you watch to the end?
    2
  8855. The idea actually predated the war, and was the Japanese goal in a number of engagements- notably Midway. The Japanese name for the strategy was called Kantai Kessen and was actually derived from the theories of Alfred Thayer Mahan. The British essentially had the same theory in the Great War, but were unable to draw the High Seas Fleet into the climactic engagement they sought.
    2
  8856. Pirates is a term that is quote often bandied about in an accusatory tone. There are numerous incidents where both sides accuse the other of piracy.
    2
  8857. I probably read it first in a Byron Farwell book. He is an enjoyable source on the British military in the Victorian era.
    2
  8858. Richard Linter I am sorry if I misunderstood your comment. I think I was conflating your response with the original comment at the top of the string.
    2
  8859. A burning question. What’s your hot take? Were the puns boiling over?
    2
  8860.  @markhodge7  I rarely get hot under the collar.
    2
  8861.  @danyvarna5094  I’ll be honest- I think you are overstating the enthusiasm and presenting a fringe extreme as mainstream. Even for them it is based on a romanticized vision and a reflexive reaction to current events rather than an accurate understanding of history. The recognition of the objectively contemptible behavior of the Nazi party is not some uniquely Anglo-American construct. I mean no disrespect, but history is history.
    2
  8862. Yeah- YT reporting was a mess this morning.
    2
  8863. Bonanza, shockingly, was not always historically accurate. https://youtu.be/kA-PdP4k4Xw?si=o-l_5wYRCCCzONna
    2
  8864. David Neel Nautilus infiltrated the Japanese fleet and fired torpedoes, but they all misfired. Its role at Midway was interesting, and we might make an episode about it.
    2
  8865. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhaqf9Nk_fkzRlQNrsB2iMb
    2
  8866. https://youtu.be/NxgzqLU1bH4
    2
  8867.  @MrComfyAustralia  this was one of my earliest episodes, when I hadn’t yet settled on my wardrobe
    2
  8868. I have no idea why. Intersex is a condition unrelated to trans.
    2
  8869. Yes, my mistake. I apologize for the error.
    2
  8870. The highest Gs were vertical Gs that occurred at points where the dive was briefly arrested.
    2
  8871. LOL I hadn't noticed that. The footage is from With the Marines at Tarawa. I don't recall any mention of walkers there...
    2
  8872. The Joker was added as part of the game Euchre, which does not use a standard deck. The game was popular enough that jokers were added to decks that were sold, and enterprising people incorporated them into other games.
    2
  8873. Richard Rounke there are about 130 episodes in the channel to binge watch. :)
    2
  8874. Over 100 tankers were used in Operation Power Flite.
    2
  8875. LOL why?
    2
  8876. Shirts are available at https://teespring.com/stores/the-history-guy
    2
  8877. I will stand up for the importance of the admiral. The connection between the old world and the new was one of the most significant in human history. Others may have touched Terra Nova earlier, but they left. Columbus made the connection, for all its consequences. But, in this context, he was certainly not the first European to go to Maine. Too, I was quoting Maine.gov at that point, and the claim that they were making, that Leif Erikson made it to Maine, is also suspect.
    2
  8878. Not usually, as they go in on their side or upside down. They are built to be floated by lowering. But there was a lot of wreckage that floated, and some survived that way.
    2
  8879. The M577 is an M113 variant
    2
  8880. dcwhitworth yes, the fight at castle Itter is a ripping yarn, and will be a future episode.
    2
  8881.  @shotelco  either is correct, but I do prefer “waistcoat.”
    2
  8882. It was an early episode. i didn't start with the bow tie, i just wore one once and viewers liked it.
    2
  8883. You mean the Johnstown flood? We may do an episode, yes. But it is relatively well covered already for a channel on forgotten history.
    2
  8884. The war ended in February and the Volcano erupted in April.
    2
  8885. Great idea! Thanks!
    2
  8886. All episodes are posted on our website: https://thehistoryguy.net/thgpodcast/
    2
  8887. Harmon described the issue this way: " The Warner engine seized. There was a clunking sound and a lot of vapor around the engine. It had overheated on me and it wasn't going to start. I was going to have to spend the night on the sand bar." He does not describe breaking down the engine, and it seems unlikely that they could have done any major engine work at was was only a temporary evacuation point. I am not a mechanic, and certainly not a helicopter mechanic, but it sounds like vapor-lock, especially considering the heat and altitude.
    2
  8888. They would land nearby, on a beach or in a field, and be loaded back on later.
    2
  8889. https://youtu.be/ccjKdCp9TZo
    2
  8890. It is a Halloween decoration. It is made of styrofoam.
    2
  8891. It is what occurred.
    2
  8892. Miller was in Noorduyn Norseman.
    2
  8893.  @ojjenkins7110  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noorduyn_Norseman
    2
  8894. LOL.
    2
  8895. Wahlsachse I do look up pronunciations, and did try my darndest on this episode to work my way around sounds that don’t come easily to American speakers.
    2
  8896. That is a North American Rockwell OV-10 Bronco light attack and observation aircraft from the 22nd Tactical Air Support Squadron.
    2
  8897. The class of ‘66, I think, lost the most members in Vietnam.
    2
  8898. Fuel is usually less dense than water, but, of course, is far more dense than air. The tanks were undamaged, so they did not fill with water. Had they been full of fuel, the plane would have weighed more (possibly thousands of pounds worth) and it would have sunk much faster.
    2
  8899. https://youtu.be/HjEfCKZDGUE
    2
  8900. To be fair, the First Amendment protects criticism of the press as it does criticism of any other institution.
    2
  8901. Fair point and my mistake.
    2
  8902. Isles of Scilly. Off the coast of Cornwall.
    2
  8903. They received the Navy Unit Commendation.
    2
  8904. Yes, the SC-1 vessels were used in Europe.
    2
  8905. He had dozens of roles- mostly small and uncredited. By some accounts he was the second Hollywood actor to enlist after Jimmy Stewart.
    2
  8906. acrylic acid/aluminum powder for fuel, combined with ammonium perchlorate as the oxidizer, and polybutadiene as the binder.
    2
  8907. Yes, the State of Indiana filed a criminal suit against Ford for reckless homicide, but the company was acquitted.
    2
  8908. Earl Hoppe blimps have some advantages in an anti-submarine role. But they had their issues too. I will likely have one or more episodes out at some point.
    2
  8909. https://www.dailyherald.com/article/20190609/news/306099999
    2
  8910. Sent by a viewer
    2
  8911.  @Furniture121  if you wish to send a hat, I promise to take care of it to the best of my ability and to occasionally display it on set. Please be sure to include your return address. The History Guy, P.O. Box 1473, O’Fallon, Il, 62269.
    2
  8912. The movie was not particularly historically accurate in a number of ways, but did give a reasonable representation of Bullard.
    2
  8913. Except that he chose to name his band "Bill Haley and his Comets."
    2
  8914. The tail does seem to match. But if it was a tiger, you'd have thought that the witnesses would have noted the stripes.
    2
  8915. I am sure- but it was an entire conversation thread, so I thought it worth mention.
    2
  8916. Yes, there was. In 1882 the Los Angeles Times noted that "The town has two stores, two hotels, a restaurant, five saloons, a carpenter, blacksmith, butcher and shoe-shop; also a dressmaker's store, a brewery and about thirty-five houses." Total Wreck is now a ghost town.
    2
  8917. Have fun!
    2
  8918. Yes, we may do one or more episodes on Market Garden.
    2
  8919. He bilked Al Capone with the thrown lemon scam.
    2
  8920. I’ve not had any copyright issues, but some topics simply have very little media available. There were no photos in 1780.
    2
  8921. My enthusiasm is sincere, I could watch documentaries all day.
    2
  8922.  @beeenn649  https://youtu.be/dngumAV1OLs
    2
  8923. Gregorian-
    2
  8924. Especially the earlier engines had difficulty producing enough thrust at low speeds for takeoff. The B-47 had mounts for 18 RATOs- 9 to a side.
    2
  8925. https://youtu.be/WZiVdGvhzVo?si=CjR_O7_gmp1If2BT
    2
  8926. It is the way Yanks pronounce the word. You can root around GB all you want. ;)
    2
  8927. 1973Washu Boinga Boinga! https://youtu.be/FM2qnzrLZFw
    2
  8928. I have not seen any contemporary record suggesting significant accidents or injuries. I suspect that it was as dangerous as any railroad work. The mention of sloppy work did not mention accidents, just that those tracks needed extra work after. There was a specific rule that double checked that all tracks were fully hammered in tunnels and on bridges as a precaution.
    2
  8929. 5:24 is talking about the date of his testimony before congress.
    2
  8930. The train wreck depicted in the movie was said to have been inspired by the Hagenbeck Wallace wreck. Obviously, though, the plot was quite different.
    2
  8931. That is how NASA pronounced it
    2
  8932. syahmi ahlami a project is supposedly underway
    2
  8933. Yes, on one of the islands.
    2
  8934. This is our podcast which we share on Tuesdays here. The two stories can be found here in my original videos: https://youtu.be/dQhkksZYZcs and https://youtu.be/TDj_GCBDYAw
    2
  8935. He was the first governor of the Northwest Territory. There are many things named after him in the Midwest. I live in St Clair county.
    2
  8936. Respectfully, your description of the motivation behind the Boston Tea Party is jaded.
    2
  8937. i think that goes back much more to the era of the Revolution. But the fact that we were a frontier nation was meaningful- virtually everyone who went west was armed.
    2
  8938. thagrit LOL not at all.
    2
  8939. I will check it out. I think it unlikely that the many Ripper theorists will convince each-other.
    2
  8940. That was my cat
    2
  8941. Thank you very much!
    2
  8942. No. Robert Todd Lincoln’s grandchildren all died without issue.
    2
  8943. Pebbles, rocks and pottery were also used.
    2
  8944. Pb 207.2 we have for cats, three have managed to make it into episodes in one way or another.
    2
  8945. I don’t know what you mean, I don’t use any AI generated images. But images from the period are not always available. Images are for illustration purpose only.
    2
  8946. It is humorous that that was the last bit Nevada got.
    2
  8947. The Syrian elephants were Asiatic elephants from their western-most range. They were said to be larger than most Asiatic elephants. Many historians speculate that the Elephant that Hannibal himself rode into battle was one of the Syrian elephants. It is not clear if they were a distinct subspecies, but they are extinct today.
    2
  8948. I don't take sponsors without doing my research. There is an FaQ included in the description for anyone who is interested. But the reputation some seem to be presenting here is not fair. They have high marks from multiple independent reviewers, and thousands of glowing reviews by clients. They have made significant changes due to the old data lawsuit, which doesn't impugn the quality of the therapy. I wouldn't want anyone to make a choice without being informed, but I wouldn't accept the sponsorship if I hadn't researched it myself.
    2
  8949. Thank you!
    2
  8950. Rob Osborne I am not romanticizing anything, I am telling history.
    2
  8951. And again, all history is worth remembering.
    2
  8952. You are correct that Sheldon was not interested in posture. While posture was the justification for taking the photos, that was not the purpose for which he (mis)used them. The video is about the history of attitudes towards posture. I don’t believe that is misrepresented. But I also think that you oversimplify. Attitudes towards posture and eugenics cannot be so simply historically separated, as the arguments are clearly connected in the literature very like phrenology. Of course a focus on posture does not equal eugenics. Your mother is not a eugenicist for telling you to sit up straight. But there certainly was a historical trend that connected the two.
    2
  8953. swampk9 I suspect the thumbs down are largely because of a YouTube video playback issue.
    2
  8954. That represents the first two years, when less than 20% of crews made it to 25 missions. Overall, though, the casualty rate over the war for combat air crews was on the order of 44%.
    2
  8955. I have not yet.
    2
  8956. In fact, two critical misses in a row.
    2
  8957. Gary Cooper but the one-legged rooster did ok.
    2
  8958. David Klein I certainly did not intend to denigrate anyone’s service. Both Jimmy Stewart and Clark Gable risked their lives in combat. That makes them heroes by any standard, and more so because their fame meant they could have avoided ever being in the line of fire had they chosen to.
    2
  8959. Well yes, this is my job.
    2
  8960. Not the very first- I think i put on a pith helmet at least once.. I don't wear the historical artifacts, but that hat is a reproduction.
    2
  8961. Jeffery Saulter your attention span is not my problem.
    2
  8962. https://archive.org/details/DitchAndLive
    2
  8963. Both names were used in contemporary papers.
    2
  8964. Daffy Taffy this is YouTube. If you think there should be a video covering any topic, go ahead and make one.
    2
  8965. Kindred spirits...
    2
  8966. No evidence seems to have been produced of the love triangle. Both men were married. But some simply theorize that the lack of radio contact when the radio was operational suggests that whatever happened had to be deliberate.
    2
  8967. We do take all topic suggestions seriously, but we cannot guarantee when a specific suggestion will be produced.
    2
  8968. I haven't been able to find the story, but I'll let you know if I do.
    2
  8969.  @vcv6560  LOL I was only a guest on one podcast there. But I am glad you enjoyed the video!
    2
  8970.  @vcv6560  https://www.c-span.org/video/?517340-1/booknotes-podcast-lance-geiger
    2
  8971. Ryck Rarick yes, it is a good story and will likely be an episode.
    2
  8972. Sorry- I was looking at many primary sources and saw no connection between Mincemeat and Corkscrew. The geographical location of Pantelleria is not related to Greece, and invasion of which would have to have come from farther east. You might be confusing Operation Corkscrew with Operation Barclay.
    2
  8973.  @walterulasinksi7031  respectfully, Pantelleria is not near Greece and not suitable as a staging area. The island is not situated in any way as to suggest a movement towards Greece. There was a deception operation trying to convince the Germans that the allies would target Greece next. That was Operation Barclay. All the Operation Barclay programs, including Operation Mincemeat and Operation Waterfall were intended to draw focus to the Eastern Mediterranean- away from Pantelleria. If the goal is was to distract from Sicily you wouldn’t attack the islands next to Sicily. Eisenhower talked in fair detail about Corkscrew and never mentions anything about it being a deception operation. Rather, it is always talked about in context of Operation Husky. Hitler was reinforcing Sicily, not withdrawing troops. The Germans did reinforce Greece substantially, but that was the result of Operation Barclay, which convinced the Axis that there were far more troops in the Eastern Mediterranean than there actually were. (The 12th army in Cairo was fictitious.)
    2
  8974. Jim's videos today chauffeurs are given training for such things.
    2
  8975. The estimates vary, although four exceeds mostly even the high ranges of the scholarly estimates. The source from which the two million number is derived is here: https://web.archive.org/web/20170516151220/http://www.eldis.org/vfile/upload/1/document/0708/DOC7538.pdf
    2
  8976. Matt Mansell Surprisingly, the company that makes jars has an aerospace division that makes satellites for NASA.
    2
  8977. Battle of the Greasy Grass is the Lakota name for the battle, which the Buffalo Bill Center of the West says was derived from the “greasy” appearance of the grass in the waters near the battle site.
    2
  8978. I do apologize- I showed the 1848 -1949 flag by mistake.
    2
  8979. His participation is entirely up to him.
    2
  8980. If you send a coin, I’ll return the favor.
    2
  8981. Sir John Lysaght Pennefather actually I am working on, at least, a related topic that should be up soon.
    2
  8982. I’m sure we can make that happen!
    2
  8983. Absolutely!
    2
  8984. I haven't collected women's hats, so it is less a fit, but I won't rule it out.
    2
  8985. LOL I will keep making episodes, I promise.
    2
  8986. Per usual, we are intending no political stand at all. There are myriad issues with how we protect public lands, and those are not issues for the History Guy.
    2
  8987. Dean Stuart thank you! Happy New Year!
    2
  8988. We actually considered that topic exactly, in that the theory behind the narrative in The Irishman is less than solid. "What happened to Jimmy Hoffa" just felt a tad out of our wheelhouse.
    2
  8989. LOL no- nothing made up.
    2
  8990. I used the word "England" twice in the episode, once in a direct quotation by Napoleon, once saying that England was suspicious of Napoleon's, motives which the English were, and so I do not see how that is an insult to Scotland.
    2
  8991. Lord Kiltridge respectfully, as that sentence is immediately followed by the lengthy definition provided by the Maltese “His majesty the king of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland” I think the context is clear. Just because the British government was dubious doesn’t exclude that many Englishmen were as well. Charles Cornwallis was born in London, not Edinburg. I certainly meant no offense to Scotsmen.
    2
  8992. Yes, Canada is part of the Commonwealth of Nations.
    2
  8993. O T of Khrushchev and the Pepsi? Sadly, it is not in the public domain.
    2
  8994. I don’t think that, in general, people in Ireland much cared, no.
    2
  8995. gary dean there are several explanations for the name, I went with the simplest.
    2
  8996. I think what they really wanted was a wider ship channel.
    2
  8997. You are the first to catch that. Yes, there is a Japanese flag in the picture.
    2
  8998. Pronunciation changes with times. Locals leave out the "ew" in "New."
    2
  8999. Good point.
    2
  9000. My favorite episode is whatever one I am working on at the moment.
    2
  9001. The footage from the accident is not in the public domain. i am careful about copyright.
    2
  9002. But if we let him in here he'll see THE BIG BOARD!
    2
  9003. No chance of a nuclear detonation at all. The risk is radioactive contamination.
    2
  9004. Glad you enjoyed it!
    2
  9005. Lol
    2
  9006. In May of 1911 newspapers were reporting that Titanic would be sailing later in 1911.
    2
  9007. That is a fair point. The Model T had nineteen model years. For twelve of those black was the only color available. Multiple colors were available from the Model T introduction in 1908 through the 1913 model year, and multiple colors were again available in the last two model years, 1926 and 1927.
    2
  9008. Yes, in fact, that is Pioneer 10 that Klaa blows up at the start of Star Trek V.
    2
  9009. The Toledo War: When Ohio and Michigan Went to War and Wisconsin Lost https://youtu.be/TcJChM_DXPw
    2
  9010. It has a wave that defies the comb
    2
  9011. YouTube doesn’t allow creators to Monetize videos about 9/11.
    2
  9012. Related to both the Roberts' and the Congreves. Quite the family.
    2
  9013. My ties are provided by The Tie Bar.
    2
  9014. So did they...
    2
  9015. https://youtu.be/A4Jqp3REwrw
    2
  9016. https://youtu.be/Isq1-htLiEk
    2
  9017. Yes, I have played both the bugle and trumpet, although not for a good long while.
    2
  9018. Yes. Robert Todd Lincoln had three grandchildren, but all three died without having children.
    2
  9019. https://youtu.be/_Uu6GULBKVM
    2
  9020. My brand is not controversy
    2
  9021. Not no experience, but admittedly I am not a handyman.
    2
  9022. That is footage of American troops testing a captured weapon.
    2
  9023. I fail to see how you can watch the episode and assert that I am "softballing" anything. While I did not intend to make any statement about Churchill, your assertions of his culpability are well outside what is generally accepted or proven. Rather, you are taking an extreme side of a question that is still a matter of significant historical dispute. And, as I mention, there was clearly more culpability in the hands of local officials.
    2
  9024. It is. We get to it later in the series.
    2
  9025. I am not a pilot- I just research a lot.
    2
  9026. Pine because it resembled a pine cone, apple because the texture of the fruit is similar to an apple.
    2
  9027. Gabby Montano there were those who claimed that.
    2
  9028. Ed Pulaski claimed relation, but could not have been a direct descendant, as Casimir had no children.
    2
  9029. They sure look very similar, although I cannot find a clear historical connection between them. The Detroit Red Wings logo seems to have been inspired by a logo of a team for which team owner James Norris had played as a youth. And, of course, there is the difference that the red-wings logo represents an automobile tire- a nod to Detroit's manufacturer heritage- while the ATS logo represents a train car wheel.
    2
  9030. Me too!
    2
  9031. He does like to be held.
    2
  9032. The third picture is George Marshall, not Winston Churchill.
    2
  9033. History and the U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps https://youtu.be/qBkw9zFtqZc
    2
  9034. Why? General AP standard is to use full name in the first reference and last name thereafter. We largely follow that rule.
    2
  9035. I forgive you.
    2
  9036. LOL
    2
  9037. WE do move things around on set.
    2
  9038. https://youtu.be/ACSzlEX362o?si=0hLBoV4NS9nQzLGf
    2
  9039. We do not mean to slight Denmark, and I am sure we will have a topic or two out in the future.
    2
  9040. While the US initially purchased Brodie helmets fro the UK, but 1918 the US was manufacturing their own, called the M1917.
    2
  9041. Correct- those are from a FEMA video on the response to the San Fernando Valley earthquake. https://archive.org/details/gov.archives.arc.61057
    2
  9042. Hans there were many examples of misplaced raids. This was not intended to be a comprehensive list.
    2
  9043. Graham Ariss it was an experimental vessel, a test bed. Both guns used a revolving pedestal, so it may have been faster than traditional guns of the day that required constant steerage of the ship to bring the gun to bear. The different designs were a machination of Stockton, who was desperate to take credit. I actually somewhat underplay his duplicity in the name of time.
    2
  9044. Japanese Canadians were also interned, and that is an excellent point, as the Canadian internment of the Japanese is far less well known.
    2
  9045. Thanks! I have three, but I am seriously considering in investing in another...
    2
  9046. It is possible, but it was also simply a violent city.
    2
  9047. John Stringfellow was an interesting fellow who managed some amazing things with his tiny steam engines. I may well do an episode on him some day. The distinction here, though, is that his flight experiments were unmanned models. He may be the first to have achieved powered flight (that is contested) but he did not manage powered manned flight.
    2
  9048. Yes. Carl Hagenbeck Jr. was a German wild animal collector who started both the zoo in Hamburg and the circus in the United States.  Benjamin Wallace bought the Hagenbeck circus in 1907 and merged it with his Wallace show, but continued using the Hagenbeck name.  Hagenbeck was no longer associated with the circus at the time of the accident.  Hagenbeck was an interesting fellow who revolutionized zoo design and animal training, but also spurred some controversy. I may do a separate episode on him.
    2
  9049. Those state extinctions were from the mid 19th to early in the 20th century, with a nadir in the 1930s. Conservation efforts since have returned them across their range.
    2
  9050. The airship had apparently vented some helium, which happens through an automatic valve when it reaches its pressure ceiling. That should not have affected its operation, and the Navy did not see it as an explanation for why the crew would abandon the airship.
    2
  9051. David Bottin the photos are public domain images from the age of steam rail.
    2
  9052. Totally my mistake. Thank for catching it!
    2
  9053.  @Red-rl1xx  lol I apparently compounded my mistake by responding to the wrong comment. I would love to have a cutaway model of a type VIIB U-boat. Awesome! If you are willing, please snap a picture and send to thg@thehistoryguy.net
    2
  9054. Doesn't seem like much to ask of you, given what I put into making these. BB not only helped pay my staff, they gave me a great mattress. They are worth your attention.
    2
  9055. Awesome! There were surprisingly few pictures of the ski patrol in the public domain.
    2
  9056. Obviously, without a fire-resistant pit, the was always a very real chance of a conventional explosion that would have dispersed radioactive material.
    2
  9057. I agree. I have always been a pie>cake guy.
    2
  9058. Kjell Kernen clearly not the pinnacle. But manufacturing ability has changed significantly since. Still, all the new internal designs are derived from the general concepts that came from Robertson.
    2
  9059.  @russbear31  that must have been quite a life. Charles Carroll, who signed the Declaration despite not being present in congress on July 4, died in 1832 at the age of 95. He was the last surviving signatory of the Declaration. Washington, however, died at age 67. Edward Rutledge, the youngest man to sign the Declaration died in 1800 at age 50, reportedly of “apoplexy” after hearing of the death of Washington. But 14 of the 56 who signed the Declaration lived past age 80, and three past age 90. So, while certainly an exception to the rule, Jefferson and Adams’ ages were far from unprecedented.
    2
  9060. It is a representation of a German 88, yes, but it is a blow-up, not a real shell. Purchased from The Tank Museum gift shop.
    2
  9061. I have three.
    2
  9062. Drop by Lock and Company, St James’s Street, London. They’ll set you up!
    2
  9063. I did actually do research. That is not how the locals seem to regularly pronounce it.
    2
  9064. Lol- the Contractual Obligation Album. That song was playing in my head all day when I was producing this episode.
    2
  9065. Either worked. I think a pencil is better because of the shape. A pen had to be the right size.
    2
  9066. That is a fair point. the Navy is the least metricized of the armed forces. That is partly because there is not as much necessity for interoperability with NATO allies.
    2
  9067. LOL
    2
  9068. Homing pigeons are privately kept, and still used for racing. They were kept for many years by police departments in India for use when natural disasters disrupted communications, But even those programs have been discontinued in the electronic age when wireless communications has become more reliable even when infrastructure has been damaged.
    2
  9069. I appreciate my sponsors, who make it possible to keep producing episodes. I think that two minutes of your time isn't a lot to ask in return. And my new mattress really did change my life. It is a good product.
    2
  9070. Not the focus of the video, but some relevant discussion on the Königsberg here: Lake Nyasa: the First Naval Battle of WWI https://youtu.be/SIDo_KOxTU4
    2
  9071. Yup
    2
  9072. https://youtu.be/PYR6EPlPDPU?si=OpGColmpOpCECXjR
    2
  9073. I agree. it is a problem that seems to go across the political spectrum.
    2
  9074. The common acronym today is FWS.
    2
  9075. Yes, Kings were mostly funded by taxpayers
    2
  9076. ziggy 2shus good idea- my Aunt and Uncle live across the harbor in Galveston. I’ve spent many a night looking at the glow from Texas City, wondering what it must gave looked like in the explosion.
    2
  9077. I very much want to see that museum- the photographs are amazing.
    2
  9078. We know of several incidents involving Soviet nuclear submarines and storage facilities. Presumably, however, many other incidents have never been publicly revealed.
    2
  9079. Thank you! Much appreciated!
    2
  9080. There was a drainage system to channel rain water into cisterns, and a desalination process using a boiler.
    2
  9081. The podcasts will remain podcasts. But, of course, we will continue making videos.
    2
  9082. I did my level best
    2
  9083. When the rods partially melted down, that created steam. The difference of opinion was over how much steam was released.
    2
  9084. I chose not to cover the anniversary of the Tulsa Massacre last Monday because there seemed to be ample attention in the national media recognizing the centennial. It certainly deserves to be remembered, but I am not sure that THG has anything to add to the current relatively robust dialogue. Still, never say never, and we may do an episode some day.
    2
  9085. I think planners still believe the “triad” is necessary to ensure survivability.
    2
  9086. It was honestly working class food, and likely a way to make less than top quality meat more attractive. But shops today will usually have a variety, and some are delicious. I had a pork and apple pastie in Glastonbury and to was very good.
    2
  9087. It is
    2
  9088. You are confusing him with "Wrong Way" Roy Riegels who ran the wrong way in the 1929 Rose Bowl. That may well be another episode.
    2
  9089. Hope to visit the Island soon.
    2
  9090. Thank you!
    2
  9091. Yes, Newton's first law of motion says that an object in motion tends to stay in motion.
    2
  9092. chad wallace LOL well it wouldn’t be a story the college would want to advertise.
    2
  9093.  @xstatic-ow5mz  I say, one more time, what information in the video do you claim is inaccurate? I stand by the information in the episode, which is all that I am responsible for. Sorry, I cannot run my channel based on the sources that some rude people decide to lecture me that I am not allowed to use. If you think that you get to dictate my business, you are welcome to buzz off.
    2
  9094. I do my own research.
    2
  9095. Dan Nagy https://youtu.be/koaaWJo9X0g
    2
  9096. I haven't yet. It may well be an episode in the future.
    2
  9097. I respectfully disagree about evolution. But, regardless, the Hominid Apes are extremely similar to humans genetically, suggesting that God thinks that we can learn something about ourselves from them.
    2
  9098. Do you mean the Black Tom explosion? https://youtu.be/SlzjfxqosFA
    2
  9099. His name is Pocky, and he says "thank you."
    2
  9100. It is true. Robert Todd Lincoln was the only of Lincoln's children who lived to have children. He had three children, two of whom survived to adulthood. Those two daughters produced three children, all of whom died without issue.
    2
  9101. That is an interesting and oft debated question. There is a Constitutional mechanism for a state to join the union, but none for a state to leave. Disagreement over the subject led to some unpleasantness back in 1861.
    2
  9102. Personally I am a chocolate fan. Although candy corn has a proud history, I never much cared for it.
    2
  9103. Agreed.
    2
  9104. I think we will have many more episodes about Malta.
    2
  9105. kaseryn only sort of. This was classic price-fixing, which is now prohibited by anti-trust laws. Not to take sides in economics, but capitalist motives are what drove the impressive feat of changing the gauge of 11.5 K miles of track in 36 hours.
    2
  9106. Jim Taylor there was pretty much a universal agreement among both the military and both parties that the potential strategic role of the B-70 did not come close to justifying the expense. The cancellation of other programs with synergy, including the research into zip fuels, magnified the R&D costs. Whatever the period capabilities of surface to air missiles, their potential was obvious, as well as the fact that the B-52 and strategic missiles offered superior ability to evade that threat and deliver their payload for lower costs. The conclusion that the program wad based on outdated strategic thinking was not mine, but the conclusion of decision makers of the era.
    2
  9107. Heading to America, carrying a large number of Americans, and a larger number of people immigrating to America. I don’t really get why people are wound up on whose shipwreck it was. Certainly it was a British tragedy and an Irish tragedy, but it was also an American tragedy, and completely fairly described as such.
    2
  9108. David Harold Byrd is actually better known as a founder of the Civil Air Patrol. He and Admiral Richard Byrd were first cousins.
    2
  9109. Happy Birthday!
    2
  9110. LOL
    2
  9111. Plenty of free countries have shifted to the metric system. I wouldn't call metrication tyranny, no. As the discussion here shows, there is a lot more to the issue in terms of impacts and preferences. It was not my intent to take a stand on metrication in any country. There seems to have been relatively light opposition to metrication in Australia. But, in Australia, it is largely illegal, under force of penalty, to conduct trade in other than metric units. In the United States, there are few such requirements. No matter what you say about metric versus Imperial versus USCS, that is the key difference in the level of metrication between the US and Australia
    2
  9112. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AsKDLaDehbI
    2
  9113. No. While fake, it was not a toy.
    2
  9114. Some about that here: https://youtu.be/VOOAb7erAmE
    2
  9115. US Navy and Marine peaked caps are commonly referred to as a combination cover (and, in the US military, any hat is generally referred to as a cover.) However, it is actually rare to find one where the cover can be replaced. My collection is far from complete, but I do have World War II vintage combination covers in all five colors that were used by the navy during the war- Khaki, White, Navy Blue, Battleship Grey, and Aviator Green. The three hats over my shoulder in the video are a US Navy Officer Combination Cap, A US Public Health Service Commissioned Corps Combination Cap, and a United States Merchant Marine Officer Combination Cap.
    2
  9116. https://www.wral.com/amp/story/why-does-first-man-say-gemini-as-geminee-nasa-explains-sorta-/17923342/
    2
  9117. Million. I said million.
    2
  9118. Told in this episode: https://youtu.be/vZQusa-MbtY
    2
  9119. During periods when large amounts of soldiers are on leave in the city.
    2
  9120. Nope- 21 knots. Slow as snot. The assumption was that US battleships would be fighting defensively, and speed was not important.
    2
  9121. Not yet, maybe in the future.
    2
  9122. It grows, I get it cut, and so on…
    2
  9123. Operation Olympic was part of Operation Downfall. Olympic referred to, roughly, the southern part of the plan.
    2
  9124. Not 100 tons, 100 pounds. It does seem absurd, but there was hope that a small change in the right place would make a difference.
    2
  9125. Due to Pluto's highly elliptical orbit, Neptune was the outermost planet between 1979 and 1999.
    2
  9126. The reason for the claim that the 1981-83s were the “last Imperials” was because three 90s versions were marketed specifically as the Chrysler Imperials- that is, not as its own brand.
    2
  9127. Yeah, we've never managed better styling than 50s sports cars.
    2
  9128. BHuang92 she wanted a hand written note- she hated cards. Correct, she advocated for the holiday and then opposed its commercialization.
    2
  9129. Dan Rowley fair point. Sasquatch is more real than lines around the globe- he might actually be discovered.
    2
  9130. Kalei K ok, I think I have it. I promise to do the best I can the next time it comes up. Thank you!
    2
  9131. I am going to be very honest here- I cannot see how your two spellings would be pronounced differently. I do use a pronunciation guide, but that is "news English" and does not always match local pronunciation.
    2
  9132. That number is always shocking. Aviation was riskier than many people realize.
    2
  9133. I used the pronunciation used by a naval historian in a Scottish newscast. https://www.google.com/gasearch?q=hms%20curacoa&tbm=vid&source=sh/x/gs/m2/5
    2
  9134.  @elgatofelix8917  I do not do current politics, and have been consistent in that. I often deal in historical events brought to mind by current events. That has always been the case with this channel. I am not doing anything differently than I always have.
    2
  9135. I briefly mentioned that the UK and US military missions had been courting rivals to Hoxha, but you are correct, I did not go into detail on actions that included sending armed insurgents into Albania. Still, there were provocations on both sides, and it was not simply a matter of Western aggression.
    2
  9136. My understanding is that they are not the same- but related. "Red Tides" are algae blooms, and if it happens to be the right kind of algae , that can be associated with elevated concentrations of Domonic acid.
    2
  9137. There have been a couple produced in Australia
    2
  9138. I couldn't find pictures in the Public Domain.
    2
  9139. While the initial estimate of the amount of explosives left on board was larger than the amount that exploded at Halifax, a 2000 survey of the wreck identified less tonnage of TNT than Halifax. Still, it would be a big boom, and no one knows that more than Halifax.
    2
  9140.  @kitrichardson5573  I post three times a week. Never stopped.
    2
  9141. Not "an ethnic language," an Aztec language.
    2
  9142. A common occurrence in my home
    2
  9143. They may have been trying to hide that their batteries were shooting at nothing. Some think the event was orchestrated by the army, either to demonstrate our shore defense abilities to the Japanese or to work up the population about the war.
    2
  9144. I think they felt the same way.
    2
  9145. Lusitania was sunk in 1915, two years before the US entered the war. It affected US sentiment but did not draw us into war. Housatonic was the first ship sunk after Germany resumed unrestricted submarine warfare, and thus the sinking that finally drew us into war.
    2
  9146. HMS Belfast not at all, and I mention Vanguard in the episode. But Vanguard was decommissioned in 1960, and Wisconsin was in combat in 1991. The era ended with the Iowa class, not HMS Vanguard.
    2
  9147. I understand that there is a lot of distaste for Butler and his autocratic rule in New Orleans. However, he was in command of the troops that occupied the City, which is all that the episode contends. Regardless of the disposition of the armies, Galloway was scouting Vicksburg on Butler's behalf when he became one of those pressed into digging Grant's canal. This is, of course, not an episode on the Vicksburg campaign, but of the role played by Abraham Galloway.
    2
  9148. Berry Tharp actually O’Fallon.
    2
  9149. The 25 lbr was pressed into service as very effective anti-tank gun in North Africa
    2
  9150. LOL no, not the same.
    2
  9151. https://youtu.be/hwFLuIYgEIk
    2
  9152. Thank you for your service!
    2
  9153. https://youtu.be/vihhRvKGuK4
    2
  9154. Good catch. Both appear to make the claim. Moorpark even has a plaque commemorating it that you can see here: http://acmela.org/sre.html The Moorpark plaque does add the words "for commercial use," maybe that is somehow a distinction?
    2
  9155. 113 DmG lol they’re still more expensive there.
    2
  9156. I guess that NATO prefers Irish whiskey. https://first10em.com/quick-reference/nato-phonetic-alphabet/?amp
    2
  9157. The Luddites were more upset by large machines like looms and cutting machines, but their cause was very similar to those that set fire to Thimonnier's factory. We talked about the Luddites in this episode: https://youtu.be/zqL8EolZMZU
    2
  9158. They were consistent with the rules at the time. But both certainly represented him risking his life with extraordinary intrepidity above and beyond the call of duty. What is the modern equivalent of charging through the enemy line and capturing their standard?
    2
  9159. Sar Jim passenger pigeons did bot generally eat acorns of White Oak, since it germinated in the fall. They more ate the acorns of Red Oak, which favored the White Oak, which was prevalent in northeastern forests in the pre-Colombian era.
    2
  9160. Aside from some unproven rumors and conspiracy theories, no, no human has been lost in space.
    2
  9161. I don’t think I’ve given enough attention to Australia, and have done even less about New Zealand. But I am broadly interested in history.
    2
  9162. Shawn R I appreciate you watching the ads. It does affect income. Thank you!
    2
  9163. Microdots are real- they are microfilm much like was used in the Siege of Paris. They are so small they are easily missed by censors, and usually square or round so they might appear as a period in a sentence. Today they are actually commonly used in automobile manufacturing- where serial numbers are etched for parts identification and as an anti-theft device. In fact, microdots might be the anti-theft device of the future: http://southtahoenow.com/story/09/16/2015/high-tech-anti-theft-dots-help-south-lake-tahoe-police
    2
  9164. Stephen Sims I did not say any of that. If you need to put words into my mouth to gin up outrage, that would not seem to be my problem.
    2
  9165. It is referring to the Battle of Derna in 1805 during the First Barbary War.
    2
  9166. I do plan to do more labor history. https://youtu.be/Ne1BIKYvSFk
    2
  9167. Pocky
    2
  9168. Apparently it is as simple as a spread out shirt is the shape of a “T.”
    2
  9169. So I've heard.
    2
  9170. According to Pelè’s autobiography, he doesn’t know the origin nor meaning of his nickname, but likely it was derived from the name of a local soccer player he admired as a youth. I can’t find any reference to a connection to Mount Pelèe.
    2
  9171. Fujita scale
    2
  9172. The Mormon Battalion is certainly on our to do list.
    2
  9173. Unfortunately, in the DC-10 the redundant systems for the rear control surfaces also ran under the cabin floor.
    2
  9174. You make a fair point,. The Air Force did not commission a female fighter pilot until 1993. However, the Navy commissioned female pilots and the army commissioned female helicopter pilots starting in 1974 . But, at least officially, no US female pilot in any service was assigned a combat mission until Martha McSally the Gulf War in 1991. The army may not have acknowledged that those female helicopter pilots were involved in combat missions.
    2
  9175. kel horton Panama was interesting, in that there were some 800 female troops present, but women were still prohibited by policy from combat roles. Two female Blackhawk helicopter pilots, a Lieutenant and a Warrant Officer, were flying what was supposed to be a transportation mission that ended up in a combat area. They received air medals for the operation. But my brief comments at the end referred to US policy. Those two pilots were not assigned combat roles and the mission was not supposed to be a combat mission. Rather, they were accidentally put into a combat environment. The difference is more than semantic, since the point of the discussion was military acceptance of female combat pilots. The distinction, of course, does not denigrate the two officers’ service. The restriction on women in combat was not lifted until 1991, and the Air Force did not commission a female fighter pilot until 1993. As a side note, since the episode was produced Russia has also changed its policy, and is now training female military pilots.
    2
  9176. Zagnorch that is an interesting battle, and I will likely do an episode in the future.
    2
  9177. It is on the far north end of the strip in the old courthouse. A bit out of the way, but in my opinion well worth the visit. It is a Smithsonian affiliate and the collection is truly extraordinary.
    2
  9178. General Tso was a real person, also from much later than the period discussed here.
    2
  9179.  @larryd9068  he was a General and statesman in the era of the Taiping Rebellion.
    2
  9180. There are several sources referenced. Much comes from the official NASA announcement and the congressional hearing.
    2
  9181. Yes, it certainly is food for thought. The number of different military hat designs is in the many thousands, and there are unique histories for many.
    2
  9182. No, you just have to get to London. The free transfers, however, I think are limited to Heathrow..
    2
  9183. He was commissioned a Lieutenant after Pearl Harbor.
    2
  9184.  @skytrooper4521  I haven’t been able to find if he was commissioned a Lieutenant or Lieutenant Junior Grade after Pearl Harbor. He was a Lieutenant at the time of the battle.
    2
  9185. Please email us at thehistoryguyyt@gmail.com and we can send an address
    2
  9186. I do, but life has been busy, and I haven't logged on in a while. Nothing against the game...
    2
  9187. What hump?
    2
  9188. It is surprisingly similar in some ways. Yes, I do plan to do an episode of the Eastland disaster.
    2
  9189. There were 101 survivors. The casualties are included on the Chatham and Portsmouth Naval Memorials.
    2
  9190. Peter Suciu there are some awesome hats there!
    2
  9191. Niinsa62 I am not sure what that shell is made of. The construction is definitely different, in that the cloth of the US military ones has also been impregnated with resin and stamped on the die. Still a nifty hat.
    2
  9192. He was- the giant statue in Albany is of Nipper. It is billed as the world's largest Nipper statue still in existence.
    2
  9193. Patton commanded the Western task Force, which landed at Casablanca. After Kasserine he replaced Fredendall as commander of US II Corps.
    2
  9194. The navigator was in the nose section.
    2
  9195.  @farajaraf  I am supposed to pretend war from history? History is history. I don’t aim for an agenda. I don’t see that as my role. If you don’t enjoy the topic of any particular episode, or find Timothy Dexter too lacking in color to be worthy of your interest, choose something else. If you think a history channel should be talking about something else, it is YouTube, make your own videos. But if your complaint is simply that I talk about history that you don’t like or doesn’t fit a particular narrative, you should understand that history doesn’t exist for your approval. The role of the historian is to tell the story of the past, not to “fight evil and tyranny.” In fact, the history of tyranny includes many nefarious attempts to “correct history.” Reflecting on my works, I can’t see how altering the story of the past to fit some agenda of the present will somehow burnish my legacy.
    2
  9196. Hot Springs
    2
  9197. I have not yet, but the collision with Melbourne certainly deserves to be remembered.
    2
  9198. While certainly not a hero in the Greek sense, risking his life to defend his employer's business from theft generally seems to meet the common definition I think. His action was certainly bold and brave.
    2
  9199. Yes, botht the names "Bobby" and "Peeler" referred to Sir Robert Peel. "Peeler" is more used as a derogatory term.
    2
  9200. Yes, another story that deserves to be remembered.
    2
  9201. Rick Narveson Yes you are allowed to lament the name change- it was very hard to do, but I was getting a comment a day.
    2
  9202. My understanding is that the guard are usually mobilized in anticipation of extreme Weather. I don’t know how the World Almanacs decides what to include, but as the Iran Blizzard was in 1972, it is well documented.
    2
  9203. Thanks!
    2
  9204. Christians did kill and dismember, as did Muslims and many others- the historical record is full of such things. We can't be sure that the Muslim conquest destroyed the library because it was likely gone before the Muslim conquest. That is the historical evidence, and has nothing to do with political correctness.
    2
  9205. She was never at Andersonville. She was held at Castle Thunder in Richmond, and did perform some physician services there. If anything, she was recognized for being willing to risk capture to go behind enemy lines to treat civilians.
    2
  9206. Yes
    2
  9207. Certainly we do not intend to glorify criminals. True crime is history.
    2
  9208. Maybe if you are a rover it is.
    2
  9209. Both pronunciations are correct, and “Your Anus” is how it is typically pronounced in the US. The pronunciation I used is generally preferred by astronomers.
    2
  9210. Away All Boats is about an amphibious attack transport. It is based on a novel, and inspired by the USS Pierce (APA 50) upon which the author, Joseph Pevney, served.
    2
  9211. That is an interesting question. I think there were challenges in both the eighteenth century and today. I would hope that a person’s opportunities would not be limited today for being born intersex.
    2
  9212. The method of using cloud seeding on hurricanes is a bust, but some argue that other technologies might develop in the future. Currently the public strategies in the US all focus on better hurricane prediction, preparedness and response.
    2
  9213. The videos are all on the channel. The podcast is simply another format.
    2
  9214. Yes- the search are was vast and the ocean deep. There is hardly a better place to vanish without a trace.
    2
  9215. It is called "Highway Wildflowers" and is from the YouTube royalty free library
    2
  9216. Any reference to “air corps” is a direct quotation. Even in The Howitzer the distinction seems not to have been well understood.
    2
  9217. Correct. My mistake.
    2
  9218. Billy Strong by all accounts they were very difficult to identify.
    2
  9219. She is a very sweet and very pretty little Caliby.
    2
  9220. Sorry for the error.
    2
  9221. Les Knight I agree completely.
    2
  9222. Timing is largely based on the speed with which I can produce them. The goal is two episodes a week.
    2
  9223. Crecy is interesting, I may well do an episode on it.
    2
  9224. In the early 2000s the Chinese government declared war on civet cats to try to prevent SARs. that action has been described as similar to the sparrow campaign in it short-sightedness and lack of scientific reason.
    2
  9225. I believe I was amply clear in the thumbnail, description and video content that this episode was about the New York City Draft Riots of 1863, not an episode about the causes of the Civil War.
    2
  9226. The letter is not directly after the fire. The letter illustrates what information the Administration was able to save.
    2
  9227. USS Vesuvius (AE-15) was a Mount Hood class ammunition ship.
    2
  9228. McDonnell- sorry.
    2
  9229. acchaladka LOL yup, it is actually the most believable thing about the whole amazing story.
    2
  9230. Russell Hltn there are many photos, but they are not in the Public Domain.
    2
  9231. Good to know.
    2
  9232. rpl palacio the Eastland is on my future topics list. Terrible story.
    2
  9233. The photo is from the San Diego Air and Space Museum, but the picture had no notation other than that it is a Cierva C30A.
    2
  9234. They are described as foul tasting.
    2
  9235. BlackPhoenix hogwash. American foundries were producing successful steam locomotives in the 1830s. By 1886 American locomotive manufacturers were far outproducing the rest of the world. During the period discussed America was the undisputed king of steam locomotive manufacturing.
    2
  9236. It is more complex than that. LeMay wanted SR-71. They changed it before the speech, but the media was given an older transcript that still said RS-71, and that caused the confusion.
    2
  9237. Carter Harman was a really interesting guy. His obituary is here: https://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/31/arts/music/31harman.html?_r=0
    2
  9238. The earliest records have the phases inscribed in stone or bone. They were certainly observing the event.
    2
  9239. I believe I saw you that night!
    2
  9240. Cassius Marcellus Coolidge. It was a series commissioned for cigar advertising.
    2
  9241. Neither DOGE nor the term "Gulf of America" existed in 1810.
    2
  9242. Araeagle Thank you! Happy New Year!
    2
  9243. I have a great topic idea related to the Boxer rebellion. I am sure we'll get an episode out at some point.
    2
  9244.  @CheshireTomcat68  thank you!
    2
  9245. Huckleberries are sometimes called “southern gooseberries.” But, in fact, huckleberries are not closely related to gooseberries, nor are huckleberry bushes a vector for white pine blister rust.
    2
  9246. Yes, not all the videos are A-4s. Those were clips aboard USS Ticonderoga.
    2
  9247. Great story!
    2
  9248. In brief, Europeans usually hold the fork in the right hand and the knife in the left. Americans shift back and forth, cutting with the dominant hand and than switching to the fork to eat.
    2
  9249. New York has a long history of rioting. Apparently Henry Raymond, one of the paper’s founders, had prepared for the eventuality of a mob attack on the paper.
    2
  9250. True- but he was said to have been inspired by The Fragment.
    2
  9251. There is, in fact, a tunnel dug behind the falls, but it was not opened until the 1880s.
    2
  9252. New shirt is all.
    2
  9253. Likely he had not traveled as far East as the Philippines, and so was short of a complete circumnavigation. In any case, Juan Sebastian and his crew would have been the first to do so in a single voyage.
    2
  9254. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    2
  9255. It has flamingos on it.
    2
  9256. It is difficult to believe there was such a policy, as several Black Americans participated in the space program in various ways, and there seems to have been pressure from the White House to include a Black astronaut in the program. No NASA policy regarding Black astronauts in the Apollo program has ever been released.
    2
  9257. She was always described as such.
    2
  9258. The photo on the thumbnail is Myoko at the time of its surrender. The camo was not there at the time of the fight with Bergall, and apparently added when it served as an air defense in Singapore. It is difficult to see in the picture, but you can just make out the missing part of the stern.
    2
  9259. Lol I guess I am…
    2
  9260. Yes, I did leave plenty of room to discuss the actual events of the War of Jenkins' Ear
    2
  9261. That actually could be used to describe many wars...
    2
  9262. There is a painting in the episode done in the period that portrayed them as monkeys. Certainly some people made foolish choices. In the end, it was a cautionary tale about both materialism and counting chicken before they are hatched more than an economic crisis.
    2
  9263. Well, not to the point of setting your wife on fire I hope. It is certainly a fair point that we trade one set of dogma for another.
    2
  9264. Some of the viewers are more expert than I am about its use on Marine rifle ranges. But my understanding is that it is only used on the range in the summer.
    2
  9265. I am not convinced that YouTube is less restrictive. We are looking at other options.
    2
  9266. LOL
    2
  9267. There were no soldiers representing Japan in Task Force 45, only Japanese Americans.
    2
  9268. LOL that is true.
    2
  9269. There was no indigenous settlement at the site.
    2
  9270. James Neave Reobertson patented a square head, not a cruciform.
    2
  9271. There are certainly artifacts from Scotland in the British museum, as well as references to Scotland in the Imperial War Museum.
    2
  9272. Peter Richardson we do not know much about their relationship. But we do know that Cato took a beating from someone else, someone who could have granted him freedom, to protect Hercules. That certainly suggests that there was something between Hercules and the man he described as a “faithful accomplice” that was more than immoral ownership. Like many early patriots, Hercules Mulligan’s history is marred by his ownership of a slave. But he was also an early abolitionist. I wish we knew more about the enigmatic hero Cato. But I like to think that one reason that Hercules Mulligan helped to found the New York Manumission Society was the realization that Cato was his friend.
    2
  9273. Peter Richardson we actually do not know that. We simply don’t know what happened to Cato after the war.
    2
  9274. I have not, but it certainly is history that deserves to be remembered, and I may well do an episode in the future.
    2
  9275. Overlord was the code name for the operation to establish a large scale lodgement on the continent. Neptune was the code name for the operation to land on the beaches of Normandy.
    2
  9276. It is confusing. Some will describe operation Neptune to be only the naval portion, but the paratroop operations were clearly included in the Neptune plan. The best way to see it is that Overlord included the preparation, troop build up, various espionage and landing preparation operations, as well as operations through establishing the lodgment, while Neptune was the landings themselves- the part commonly called "D-Day."
    2
  9277. Watt's improvement on Newcomen's engine is the one most associated with the Industrial revolution, and the addition of the separate condenser was a critical step. But you are correct that Trevithick played a pivotal role in leveraging the technology to create a practical steam locomotive.
    2
  9278. So the recollections of the men quoted in this video, and thousands of other witnesses, are fabrications?
    2
  9279.  @johnhuelsmanjr4487  this is a compilation of four different previously posted episodes made years apart.
    2
  9280. This was a review of a trial. How people fit that into their opinion of the assassination is up to them.
    2
  9281. I have heard that nickname applied to Eugene Flucky and USS Barb (SS-220), and both the gunboats USS Sacramento (PG-19) and USS Tulsa (PG-22.) USS Houston was also called "The galloping ghost of the Java coast."
    2
  9282. CJ Moore I think that Batman’s Gotham city was based on New York, although the comics usually place it in New Jersey. I haven’t done an episode on Taffy 3 and the Battle of Samar. The battle is a bit large and a bit too well known for our format, although we may come up with a spin on it sometime.
    2
  9283. WE have not- yet another distinguished ship of the era.
    2
  9284. I haven't researched all 70. I'll let you know.
    2
  9285. The Great Vowel Shift and the History of Britain. https://youtu.be/VOOAb7erAmE
    2
  9286. There would be precedent for that, but highly unlikely in the case of a man whose life was so documented (and who was so famous for his mustache.) Moreover, his wound was in the thigh, so if he was hiding something, the doctor certainly would have noticed. The bottom line is that it would have been far more difficult for him than for Kit Kavanaugh. https://youtu.be/T4QN3n7WfwQ
    2
  9287.  @Wraith-Knight  he did not have children, no, and never fathered children.
    2
  9288.  @Wraith-Knight  I don’t suppose that it is impossible. But, unlike cases like Kit Kavanaugh, we know that Casimir Pulaski presented as male throughout his entire life, from infancy.
    2
  9289. But it was! The Schooners the British acquired were from Canada, and originally had Canadian names that were Anglicized. HMS Gaspee was originally named Gaspé, after the town on the Gaspé peninsula.
    2
  9290. I do not mean to "romanticize" anything, history is history. But his actions on Nuku Heva were at the request of local authorities and hardly "illegal" by local standards. His actions against the whaling fleet were within the context of war.
    2
  9291. Desmond Doss. We haven't done an episode, since there was a move recently made about him.
    2
  9292. Yes, there does seem to have been a conflict of interest going on.
    2
  9293. I was living in South Dakota at the time, and on my way to the 1977 National Scout Jamboree in Pennsylvania. Troop 23, Hot Springs, South Dakota.
    2
  9294. Does yours walk?
    2
  9295. Herp Mcderp That phrase, regarding the Doolittle raid, was a joke by FDR, who didn’t want to give up operational details. But he used “Shangri-La” because that is what he called Camp David. The press coined the term for the valley in New Guinea. But, of course, both names derived from the legendary valley described in James Hilton’s novel Lost Horizon. So, in that sense, it is the same Shangri-La.
    2
  9296. Sorry, but you are incorrect. ELCO doesn't manufacture ships in a factory. ELCO has never built a single boat outside of a shipyard.
    2
  9297. The trip to Tjilatjap was because of fuel. But I do not know why, from there, they went West rather than South. Admiral Robinson's book is silent on that subject.
    2
  9298. My understanding was that that was the commonly used nickname.
    2
  9299. I can’t find any reference suggesting that the character of Katherine Pulaski was named after Casimir Pulaski.
    2
  9300. Peter Miesler Sullenberger landed US Air 1549 in the Hudson river.
    2
  9301. Only barely.
    2
  9302. It means "no censorship." It is s statement about YT monetization policies.
    2
  9303.  @goodun2974  I don’t think that anyone would deny that Tarzan is written from a Eurocentric mindset
    2
  9304. It is a generic term for a planet not discovered, but implied by the motion of other bodies.
    2
  9305. I honestly do not know. Yogi Berra wasn't quite famous at the time, and if there was a relationship, I haven't seen it mentioned in the papers.
    2
  9306. The seventeen provinces were the imperial states of the Habsburg Netherlands. Yes, there were seventeen: the County of Artois the County of Flanders, including the burgraviates of Lille, Douai, Orchies, the Lordship of Tournai and the Tournaisis the Lordship of Mechelen the County of Namur the County of Hainaut the County of Zeeland the County of Holland the Duchy of Brabant, including the Lordship of Breda, the counties of Leuven and of Brussels, and the advocacy of the Abbey of Nivelles and of Gembloux, and the "Overmaas" lands of Brabant (Dalhem, Valkenburg and Herzogenrath) the Margraviate of Antwerp the Duchy of Luxembourg the Lordship of Utrecht the Lordship of Frisia the Duchy of Limburg the Lordship of Groningen (including the Ommelanden) the Lordship of Overijssel the Duchy of Guelders with the Lordship of Drenthe, Lingen, Wedde, and Westerwolde the County of Zutphen
    2
  9307. I agree- the Axis threw away lives on offensives in 1918 trying to end the war before the Americans could turn the tide.
    2
  9308. A sad story. Yes, it may be an episode.
    2
  9309. Happy Birthday!
    2
  9310. The ads are provided by Google, and I do not control which ads are presented. The History Guy does not specifically endorse any of the advertisers, nor do they impact the contents of the episodes. This is the Google description of how the ads are selected for you: Ads you see on videos The ads you see while watching YouTube videos are tailored to your interests and based on your Google Ad Settings, the videos you’ve viewed, and whether you're signed in or not. When you're logged in, these anonymous signals may determine which ads you see: Types of videos you’ve viewed The apps on your device and your use of apps Websites you visit Anonymous identifiers associated with your mobile device Previous interactions with Google’s ads or advertising services Your geographic location Age range Gender YouTube video interactions Whether you are signed in or not, the ads you see are based on the content of the videos you’ve viewed.
    2
  9311. nautifella truly under appreciated- Americans seem to know more about German U-boats.
    2
  9312. You must be Igor. "It's pronounced "Eye-gor."
    2
  9313. Fair point.
    2
  9314. A Tale of Two Dakotas https://youtu.be/WVAllX6D5DM
    2
  9315. Wright Flyer thank you for your service!
    2
  9316. Happiest of Birthdays to you!
    2
  9317. Virtually nothing from this event is in the Public Domain, so it is full of generic reel. We use the best images available in the Public Domain.
    2
  9318. Thank you for the concern. My health is just fine.
    2
  9319. You labor under the misapprehension that the cat follows direction.
    2
  9320. Not intentionally, no. We are sincerely not attempting to make any political statement, and only rarely think about the current politics at all in our topics. We have, though rarely, brought out a topic because a current event reminds us of that history. Occasionally, I will avoid a topic if it feels like it will draw in too much political discussion. All history has a perspective, the writers and I could not possibly free ourselves from all personal bias. But we sincerely strive to provide a balanced perspective, and write whatever history interests us at the moment. For the most part, any connection to current politics is unintentional. I am somewhat proud of the fact that I have been accused of both a liberal and a conservative bias. That suggests we are being somewhat successful in trying to be neither of those.
    2
  9321. Agreed.
    2
  9322. Obviously we were not trying to spark a debate over current events.
    2
  9323. Yeah, that is a crazy picture, demonstrating how adept we are at in flight refueling today.
    2
  9324. ASHOK BASKOTA the force taken by Quentin under Lt Col Skene were Gurkhas- 200 each of the 42nd and 44th Gurkha Rifles. That was the group that Mrs Grimwood led out of Manipur.
    2
  9325. LOL
    2
  9326. Delicious treats, but really more like a Cornish pasty than a tamal.
    2
  9327. https://youtu.be/5RlAtfePT7Q https://youtu.be/FU57Y1Td6xI https://youtu.be/iCLPtSMTXug https://youtu.be/rkZuSc0WtJc https://youtu.be/6Nvq9n_QUZY https://youtu.be/KXbHsRYZlKE https://youtu.be/f9Gb4PakFTU https://youtu.be/7vyjF6ro2Jo https://youtu.be/hZpJJYbf1ms https://youtu.be/Tx_GuNizRNk https://youtu.be/CN2J_eBP8OQ https://youtu.be/s1vm4TxldME https://youtu.be/3ujZemGqzJo https://youtu.be/eqkTddTNMBY https://youtu.be/hcVnByFS7n8 https://youtu.be/a1XP20J93TQ https://youtu.be/tWx6gufENSs https://youtu.be/B0GbkM6n90o https://youtu.be/PKklyvxw8QU https://youtu.be/TZD59vApUWc https://youtu.be/6tYd6MAVmf8 https://youtu.be/kbxrqQFetvI
    2
  9328. It is, yes. You can go see it.
    2
  9329. Yes- a senior officer hat. Mine is a very nice example- apparently custom made for an officer with means. I will have an episode on it at some point. "Jimmy," I understand, was a boxer who was a member of the corps, and apparently had a resemblance to the Mercury on the badge.
    2
  9330. True, Lascaux was, presumably, painted by "savages."
    2
  9331. Most of them were fine being in the newspaper, so I don't think there is generally a safety concern. the issue is that the photos- mostly taken by newspapers, are under copyright. I only use Public Domain images.
    2
  9332. Oh please. The British don’t routinely rewrite history? It is the national hobby. And no, the crown never treated him as a hero. And Canada literally burned him in effigy and ran him and his son out of town. You comically rewrote history in your own comment. I challenge the entire narrative. England tacitly supported the confederacy because its mills needed the cotton. Had the colonies not rebelled, the English quite possibly would never have abolished slavery, an institution they gleefully benefited from long after they “banned” it themselves. There is every reason to believe that the institution would have continued longer under British rule. And there is no reason to think that the British had the stomach to fight a war to abolish it. It is an interesting rewrite of history for the mother country to try to pretend itself apart from the triangle trade, what with all three points of the triangle under British rule at the time. It is certainly questionable whether the US would have wandered into commonwealth as eventually happened in Canada and Australia. And it is as questionable whether they would have been better served doing so. Certainly there is reason to wonder where the world might have gone in the 20th century without the arsenal of democracy. Yes, I am American. I always find the combination of Canadian jingoism and complaint to be ironic. Some Canadians seem happy to openly, and largely ignorantly, insult American history even while imagining themselves to be the focus of insults. I humbly submit that Americans are not the ones obsessed by the comparison. In fact, Arnold is not touted as a hero anywhere except, possibly, upstate New York. Such is the burden of a turncoat, regardless of motive. But I am able to present his story as a historian without the bias of judgement. He was both hero and traitor, neither and both. I strive to tell rather than “rewrite.” I don’t care if I am judged by those only peddling preferred narratives, even as they, rather ironically, accuse me of what they are doing.
    2
  9333. A monarchy wasn't "incipient fascism?"
    2
  9334. I do not control the advertising that comes from Google ads.
    2
  9335. An Essex class carrier. Essex class carriers were named after naval battles- the name "Shangri-La" referred to the 1942 Doolittle raid, which FDR had cryptically said had originated from Shangri-La.
    2
  9336. While both were engaged by battleships, neither was sunk by one. In fact, the newest evidence suggests that Bismarck was finally scuttled. The more compelling case is Bismarck's destruction of HMS Hood. The only quibble there is that Hood was, technically, classified as a battelcruiser, not a battleship.
    2
  9337. That is the location, yes. But the club building was demolished.
    2
  9338. Admiral Spoor both interesting fellows. Thanks!
    2
  9339. Four. These two are kittens, brother and sister. They are very active and very interested in me filming.
    2
  9340. There are examples of that- we don't know who filed the original patent for the fire hydrant because the patent office burned down. Today records are often digitized and less likely to be lost. That is how we have the pictures used in this video. Still, there are others photos that NARA lists sitting in a box, and while we hope that procedures are better, presumably records of this fire are still vulnerable to being lost in a fire.
    2
  9341. I don’t know what you mean? There is no white claw on set.
    2
  9342. Geiger
    2
  9343. Not yet...
    2
  9344. Different references give different numbers. the claim of more than a thousand available is on page 18 here: https://web.mst.edu/~rogersda/american&military_history/Doolittle-Black%20Monday-Need%20for%20Innovation-1944.pdf The number is supported in Robin Neillands' "The Bomber War," which counts 25 Gruppen in the west and Germany, amounting to approximately 750 ME 109s and FW 190s, which were supplemented by several Gruppen of twin-engine fighters. The Luftwaffe had pulled back and consolidated a line to defend against the bomber attacks. Numbers, especially enemy numbers, are in dispute, but the claim of 1000 or more is certainly credible.
    2
  9345. Rails played a role, but nowhere like they did in the Great War.
    2
  9346. Thank you!
    2
  9347. Thank you!
    2
  9348. I don’t think so. Robert Byrd was actually adopted. There is no apparent family connection between his adopted father and Richard Byrd’s family.
    2
  9349. Yes. There was a guided Missile Destroyer USS Richard E Byrd, launched in 1962 and decommissioned in 1990 and the currently in commission dry cargo ship USNS Richard E Byrd, launched in 2007.
    2
  9350. I guess we all have our tastes. I always think the full English is better with streaky.
    2
  9351. Honestly, I just like collecting things. In fact, Ms History Guy limits the scope of the collection for fear it will take over the house. I generally focus on vintage and antique military peaked caps. They are interesting to me in that they come in an almost infinite variety, and I do appreciate the aesthetics of their designs, which are often quite spectacular. If I had more disposable income, I would collect cavalry helmets from the Napoleonic and Victorian era.
    2
  9352. https://youtu.be/qBkw9zFtqZc
    2
  9353. Agreed- neither option is particularly appealing.
    2
  9354. Possibly, yes.
    2
  9355. LOL
    2
  9356. That is a six inch globe.
    2
  9357. Actually, they did it as a demonstration of their capability. It was quite clever.
    2
  9358. This is a podcast. We release then via regular podcast channels, but also post them on YT as some of our audience requested it.
    2
  9359. It is just a close up of a grainy hundred year old picture.
    2
  9360.  @ErikBramsen  I would not say that I am sure. That is how it is described in several places, but the difference is confusing enough that they could be wrong.
    2
  9361. I didn't notice the misspeak until after it was posted.
    2
  9362. haazeMAX we only work with media in the Public Domain.
    2
  9363. https://studio.youtube.com/playlist/PLSnt4mJGJfGjsQhkGslJuB3pRlmo_ppLV/edit
    2
  9364. Nice reference! There is quinine in tonic water, and an overdose can be fatal. The claim is that the British added gin to tonic in the belief that the gin would make you pass out before you could drink a fatal does of tonic.
    2
  9365. His war service is far better known. I may or may not do another episode.
    2
  9366. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhaqf9Nk_fkzRlQNrsB2iMb
    2
  9367. Most came from here: https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/videos/voyager-the-grand-tour
    2
  9368. The middle deck is full of cluster bombs, which were tightly packed in boxes with the fuses attached. The fear is that the deck may collapse, and the cluster bombs could explode, causing the explosion of larger munitions. It is theoretically possible that the cluster bomb boxes are still watertight, so the fuses may not have decayed. Moreover, some chemists fear that saltwater corrosion can actually make the fuses more sensitive.
    2
  9369. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjy_BjpJeShaLV7rLrAiFnr
    2
  9370. Yes- Romans built a few things we still haven't figured out.
    2
  9371. I was (embarrassingly) off on the date of the Titanic sinking by a month.
    2
  9372. I think that is fair- I saw no indication that people in Ireland saw the jewels as a great loss to them.
    2
  9373.  Michael  Today we find these events shocking. That suggests that something has changed.
    2
  9374. How we measure it is a social construct, but yes, time passes with or without a clock.
    2
  9375. The Dream, or Le Rêve, portrays Marie-Thérèse Walter.
    2
  9376. Our mailing address is The History Guy, LLC, PO Box 1473, O'Fallon, IL 62269. Please include a self-addressed envelope and we will reimburse any shipping costs.
    2
  9377. I do not know of an extant voice recording of Robert Todd Lincoln. I will post if I find one.
    2
  9378. Other bases all over the country.
    2
  9379.  @francislarv3012  yes. But the teacher accepts bribes.
    2
  9380. I think there are many thousands of untold stories of the Civil War.
    2
  9381. Those men of the 23rd artillery brigade . The cylindrical fur cap without ear flaps is called a Cossack hat.
    2
  9382. We'll keep a look out for it. Thanks!
    2
  9383. If you mean the Dakotas' eastern border, it is defined by rivers. The Eastern border of North Dakota and the odd jog on the northeast border of South Dakota is defined by the Red River of the North and the Bois de Sioux, both of which flow into Hudson Bay. The Missouri River runs through the central Dakotas and partially defines the southeastern border of South Dakota.
    2
  9384. If I understand it correctly, it is actually an interaction with the influenza where large doses of aspirin increase fluid in the lungs. https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/49/9/1405/301441
    2
  9385. I have no idea why some of you are so insistent on going “there.” Intersex is a thing, and has nothing at all to do with “woke.” The assertion is absurd. I argue 2 conclusions. 1) the findings might suggest that measurements that anthropologists use to determine the sex of skeletal remains are not always accurate, and 2) we found the remains of general Pulaski. What is “woke” in that? Beats me. When facts challenge your political biases, I will stick with facts, thank you.
    2
  9386. @ fair point.
    2
  9387. The Extraordinary Wartime Contributions of the U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary https://youtu.be/i_HCn3hMrAo
    2
  9388. Absolutely, The story of Alexander in Afghanistan is eerily reminiscent of the British, the Soviets, the Americans..
    2
  9389. It is history, no matter the month.
    2
  9390. The initial reception was not so bad- just not as good as they hoped. Even Peru (which was the exception) didn't produce what would be called a threat. Venezuela, so shortly after the January Coup, was in a unique position.
    2
  9391. It is, and I spent little time there. There were specific changes in breeding, producing a roasting chicken, and a better understanding of supplements that helped to produce quality chicken year round rather than just the spring. As opposed to squab, they produce much more meat per bird, and are relatively cheaper to raise because pigeon young require more rearing.
    2
  9392. Bill Bray LOL it would have to be a novel case. Just a cold so far as I know.
    2
  9393.  @Nudnik1  again, with respect, I simply disagree that BC/AD is any more disrespectful to non-Christians than the use of the word “Saturday,” derived from the Roman Pagan pantheon, is disrespectful to non-Pagans. The term is an artifact of history, not a statement of theology. And, again, pretending away the Christian genesis of the term doesn’t change how it was derived. Literally 1200 AD and 1200 CE refer to the same year calculated by the same method. Dionysius Exiguus was not calculating when he thought the era became common. I don’t claim to be an academic historian, I am a storyteller, and choose to tell the story in the way most accessible to my audience. Were I to publish an academic piece, I would respect the conventions and rules of academia. Personally, I find it silly for academicians to attempt to obfuscate the actual history of the derivation of the method for calculating the commonly used system of dating based on the specious argument that the use of the term suggests personal religious conviction. That is hiding history for the purpose of serving subjective sensibilities. I say that with no disrespect, and fully appreciate historians who choose to use BCE/CE. Again, I am making no political nor religious point by using the term still most commonly used and understood outside of academia.
    2
  9394. I am 60 and it wants to pull off my crowns.
    2
  9395. It is turned on. Sometimes it takes a bit for it to load on YouTube after a video is posted.
    2
  9396. The music is called "Highway Wildflowers" and is from the YT royalty free library.
    2
  9397. Pirates were the reason they has treasure fleets.
    2
  9398. I average about 170 words per minute, whereas the average Ted Talk averages about 160.
    2
  9399. Micheal Whitehead Durand v Hollins: https://law.resource.org/pub/us/case/reporter/F.Cas/0008.f.cas/0008.f.cas.0111.2.pdf
    2
  9400. There is no existing photo of the chain at Gillingham. That is just an example of a blockade chain. And kudos for recognizing it!
    2
  9401. Who is Mark?
    2
  9402. https://youtu.be/_dQzYdFY_w4
    2
  9403. Studio Cottage I could not find a clear record, as many railroads were involved. Something in excess of ten thousand.
    2
  9404. It is on our topic list. There is a lot to talk about there.
    2
  9405.  @emergencylowmaneuvering7350  there is actually no clearly accepted definition of a continent, and thus some disagreement between whether North and South America are two continents or one, and whether Europe and Asia are separate continents or one “Eurasia.” However, I cannot find any claim that Central America was ever historically considered a separate continent by any of the various descriptions of continents. In general Central America is considered to be a region of North America. In parts of Europe and the Spanish and Portuguese speaking countries in the Americas North and South America are considered a single continent. In both cases, Columbus’ explorations are considered to be on the same continent as the modern United States. I mean no disrespect, but Columbus was on Hispanolia and Cuba. It is a strange parsing to claim “he never knew about North America.”
    2
  9406.  @emergencylowmaneuvering7350  I appreciate there are disagreements over the number or continents. But the various disagreements have never historically placed Central America and Northern America on different continents. That is historical fact, not a function of politicians. I guarantee, based on my own schooling, that the general agreement that Central America is a region of North America predates by centuries, and is in no way connected to, a trade agreement from the 1990s. I can find no indication that there has ever been a convention that placed Central America in South America. The dividing line is not the canal, but the isthmus. Again, Columbus was within 100 miles of the continental US. He was not unaware of North America. And, again, the point made in the very brief mention of Columbus in the episode was that it was he who brought news of the new world back to Europe. That certainly predates Ponce De Leon’s expedition to Florida. I was not intending to make a political statement about Columbus or the nature of continents, but the history in the episode is correct.
    2
  9407.  @emergencylowmaneuvering7350  again, I don’t mean to be cantankerous, but if Central America is a continent, how many continents do you think there are? 25? 30? If all that separates land masses is a river that runs part of a distance, Africa must be at least five continents. Certainly the Arabian peninsula and India must be continents. New Guinea, New Zealand, Greenland and Madagascar must be continents. In fact, given that the Rio Grande runs more North to South than East to West, wouldn’t the continental US be at least three continents? (East coast to Mississippi river, Mississippi to the Rio Grande, Rio Grande to West coast.) The Rio Grande is the nineteenth largest river in the world. It the Rio Grande creates a continental boundary, then there must be many more continents. Again, this is all to somehow claim that Columbus accomplished nothing getting to Cuba, but that Ponce de Leon was the discoverer by making it 90ish more miles to Florida? I respect your work and expertise as a pilot. But Central America as a continent doesn’t fit any model I can find in literature, even considering continental fragments and micro-continents. Even by the confusing standard where even geologists disagree whether there are four, five, or seven continents, I am missing how Central America could meet the definition.
    2
  9408.  @emergencylowmaneuvering7350  some Geographers consider Europe and Asia to be one continent. But continents are a convention, not a strict rule. Again, I can find no evidence that there has ever been a conventional description of continents where Central America was considered to be a continent. That it not some insult, not a dictate of imperial powers, and not some change due to NAFTA.
    2
  9409. We release new podcasts every two weeks.
    2
  9410. Eric Funderburgh sadly, he wasn’t. The dog was a German Shepherd named “Highball.” The dog was so disturbed after the massacre that the police had to have it put down.
    2
  9411. To be fair, it took many years to find my niche.
    2
  9412. They aren't that I know of. This episode went up, but someone almost immediately noticed an error. I pulled it down and corrected the mistake. The difference was only about half an hour.
    2
  9413.  @BogeyTheBear  the Constitution doesn’t define the VP as anything like an executive officer.
    2
  9414. Fair point. The recommendations in the report list both CAA and FAA. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5422f35ae5274a131700047d/6-1994_G-BMGH.pdf
    2
  9415. You are overstating it a tad, but yes, I have done an episode. George Washington's Defeat: the Battle of Fort Necessity https://youtu.be/Dh2d2uQ6gps
    2
  9416. @ there’s actually no evidence that Washington knew who was there, nor that he started the firing. The claim that Jumonville was there as a diplomat is also dubious. Respectfully, I don’t know where you are getting your information, but you are far embellishing the history. I was a Ranger at Fort Necessity NB.
    2
  9417. You are choosing to imply well beyond the references you cite. But if it trips your trigger to call Washington "psychotic" that is up to you.
    2
  9418. @ and my claim that you are overstating the case is also an opinion based on facts. People can disagree on a subject. Respectfully, your position would be considered fringe among the good majority of scholars of the period. That doesn’t make it wrong, but it should temper your confidence a bit.
    2
  9419. @ The Vermont Republic https://youtu.be/CD8ddO3ACeA
    2
  9420. That is actually a quotation from an automotive historian with a famously quirky sense of humor.
    2
  9421. I am sorry that you did not like it.
    2
  9422. Give us time...
    2
  9423. Thank you!
    2
  9424. The vessel had apparently gone above its height limit, causing an automatic valve to release some helium.
    2
  9425. Fair point. But the name of the decoration is actually the Medal of Honor, and Congressional Medal of Honor is a misnomer.
    2
  9426. Happy birthday!
    2
  9427. They did not know that at the time.
    2
  9428. https://youtu.be/E2383ElpU4U
    2
  9429. to clarify- are you seeking the history of participation by native Americans in US History, or history of the nations before European contact?
    2
  9430. Shipfus Are Laifu not at all- I took no offense.
    2
  9431. Shocks were felt both east and west of the river. Those shocks were the largest in recorded history east of the Mississippi, although not the largest west of the Mississippi.
    2
  9432. It is another village that has been "lost" along the Humber. Tax rolls show that it decreased significantly between 1377 and 1500.
    2
  9433. No, Hugh Brannum was not Ted Nugent’s farhee.
    2
  9434. Correct- I am sorry for the error.
    2
  9435. How so? These horses were stolen by the Nazis.
    2
  9436. dynd without this operation, these “fabulous horses” might well have been lost. The horses were not from Czechoslovakia, nor from Russia. Had either acquired them how would they not have been “looted?” Your perspective certainly seems to ignore substantial parts of the story, and offers an odd relativism given that the Nazis did steal the horses, and no longer were in a position to keep them. In fact, the men charged with protecting the horses are the ones who reached out to the Americans. You also imply that the only difference between the American Army and the Wehrmacht in the Second World War is that Americans won, and so got to write history. Those Americans who were, at the same time, liberating death camps might claim the difference was somewhat larger. And the Reich had little room to complain about looting. Victors do write history, but that history is not always incorrect. Unquestionably the actions of the Americans better served the interest of the horses than the available alternatives.
    2
  9437. dynd the horses were originally taken to Austria, but the country was in ruin and hardly able to feed it’s people. The decision to take some back to the US was made because of concern that the horses would otherwise be lost to the horse community. That decision was only made after a tribunal declared them, legally, spoils of war. The horses were only sold after the Army decided to stop maintaining stock. It is not, as you seem to present it, that the US stole the horses for money. The US risked troops, and expended considerable effort and expense, to save these animals and preserve the tradition. All other outcomes, including leaving them in Czechoslovakia or Austria, were considered to offer far more dangerous outcomes for the animals. You truncate the story in ridiculous ways, ignoring the fact that there was never a better option available than the one taken. The Lipizzans survived because of actions taken by the US. It is historically dubious to assert otherwise, and intellectually dishonest to call the process “looting.” I am not an apologist. I endeavor to present history without bias. The description here is overwhelmingly supported by the evidence. There was no point where any of the officers involved stood to receive any personal gain. If the US Army were behaving selfishly, they would have left the horse to their fate. They did not.
    2
  9438. That is correct, the High Seas fleet is the world's primary source of low background steel.
    2
  9439. The propeller mechanism decoupled, that is why it kept spinning. The engineer was able to cut off the supply of oil. This is all in the CAB report and crew communication. I certainly make mistakes, but I do not "fabricate" facts. The full description of events as described in the CAB report is here: http://propspistonsandoldairliners.blogspot.com/2011/08/amazing-ditching-of-pan-am-flight.html
    2
  9440. Malte Koch I am reticent to do an episode from the Axis point of view. While I do not intend to duck or avoid controversy, I do not wish to unnecessarily seek it either.
    2
  9441. Philip Leitch most likely, yes.
    2
  9442. Andro mache well, I can say without reservation that I was making no statement about PETA, nor, for that matter, about Mandela or Ghandi. Black Tom was certainly a massive explosion whose significance seems to exceed writing off the response as that of “cry babies.” I am not sure what emotion you think is appropriate for such an event, nor why the emotional response would be different if we used another term such as “sabotage” or simply “massive explosion.” Seriously, that you conflate the Black Tom explosion with PETA seems ample evidence that you are the one who is putting emotion ahead of reason. If the actual complaint is simply the insistence that people apply current political biases to past historical events, I would suggest that you change your filters. In this case, I gave clear context, explained in detail the nature and size of the explosion, and any emotional response would be informed by the actual facts. The idea that the impact of this explosion is grounded in the term “terrorism” rather than by the actual explosion is difficult to support.
    2
  9443. Mac Mcleod causing the Black Tom explosion was certainly illegal, and, given that the action was done in secret by spies, was even clearly recognized by the perpetrators as “underhanded.” Germany later acknowledged that it was an illegal act. It was not carried out by uniformed soldiers against a nation at war, but by spies in a neutral nation. And, again, it could not have been an act of war, as we were not only not at war, but also Germany emphatically did not want for us to be at war. As the US was a non-combatant, casualties could only have been civilians. Certainly at least some part of the goal (likely the greater part) of the entire program was to cause a change in US public attitudes so as to curtail shipping war supplies. But if it was “sabotage,” it was an attack on a military target before a declaration of war. What is the important legal, moral, or emotional difference between Black Tom and the outrage that two decades later was described as “a date which will live in infamy?” Again, your answer doesn’t explain how this act was materially different, legally, morally, or practically from any other act of terrorism.
    2
  9444.  @wilfdarr  I don't see you offering any more persistent definition that this act doesn't fit. Where is there an older than twenty years old widely accepted definition that excludes this? Is your argument really that the German dirty tricks division of the embassy was engaging in some honorable fight? If they were honorably conducting asymmetric warfare, why did they not honorably declare war before engaging is acts of warfare? Had we done the same in Berlin, would any of them called it honorable? Are they really better served by calling their acts "sabotage?" "Saboteur" is not generally considered an honorable term. Enemies will call us terrorists no matter what we call Black Tom. If the US sneaks into another nation, using spies, and covertly causes a massive explosion, yes, they will likely call it a terrorist act. In fact, the acts of what you call "the real terrorists" look very much like this. Both Tim McVeigh and the 9/11 hijackers asserted they were attacking legitimate targets.
    2
  9445. Sorry- that was a scammer, not the real THG
    2
  9446. The general conclusion seems to be that a massive single explosion is unlikely, But the explosion of the Kielce during an attempt to recover its cargo in 1967 shows that a mass explosion is possible. Although much smaller, that explosion caused a shock wave that measured 4.5 on the Richter scale.
    2
  9447. LOL I wish I was famous enough to be invited, I'd do it in a second!
    2
  9448. Culturally, that is a fair point.
    2
  9449. Okie Dokie The sponsored content box is checked, and we say the episode is sponsored immediately. We have misrepresented nothing.
    2
  9450. Purportedly they taste terrible. One reason they took so long to rediscover was that fishermen threw them away.
    2
  9451. And one is a micronation. https://youtu.be/dlexo-003lE
    2
  9452. I am more aiming for quaint.
    2
  9453. Tom Ardans it actually missed the boat almost entirely on the draft riots themselves.
    2
  9454. Sar Jim there are disagreements over how close Yeltsin came to pushing the button, and many experts say the risk was low. But there is no other known time when the nuclear briefcase was known to have been opened and had the keys inserted.
    2
  9455. Yes, it should be Empress of Ireland. I apologize for the error.
    2
  9456. I do plan to do more on the Banana Wars, yes. https://youtu.be/GM4sLx5DhcA https://youtu.be/hWywAOowjPA
    2
  9457. If you take good quality pictures and email them to thg@thehistoryguy.net I'd be happy to include them in the episode.
    2
  9458. I certainly wouldn't want to steal a fictional character from Texas.
    2
  9459. I suppose a fair point. The official term was "misappropriated."
    2
  9460. William Colvin the term was “misappropriation.”
    2
  9461. v860rich there is a film taken by the Ponchetrain. But it is not in the Public Domain.
    2
  9462. Yes. Yes it does.
    2
  9463. We will research him.
    2
  9464. David Nowicki I’ll see what I can find. But, of course, Jungle Bells isn’t the only Christmas,as song: https://youtu.be/xUVPTr2j0ok
    2
  9465. Yes, it cheats.
    2
  9466. We only use pictures in the public domain, and maps are actually difficult because they are usually under copyright, and often the scale is so large that they pixelate when zoomed in. the bottom line is that I do the best I can with what is available, and that globe picture happens to be in the Public Domain.
    2
  9467. It changed American rails. It is definitely on the list.
    2
  9468. As the episode states, the earliest known playing cards in Europe date back to the thirteen hundreds. More precisely, the playing of cards was described as "new" in the 1370s. They likely came via multiple channels. This isn't a singular historical event where a single date or person has been identified. The record that the first known cards in Europe were used to play what was described as a "Saracen's game" suggests a Middle eastern origin, and some scholars think the most likely origin was Mameluke Egypt. Marco Polo has generally been ruled out, since the earliest known examples came more than 200 years after his death. However, the same timeline admittedly makes the era largely after the crusades as well, as the fall of Acre was in 1291. But minor crusading efforts continued in the middle east through the fourteenth century, and may have been the means by which the playing of cards was brought to Europe. Papyrus is different than paper in substantial ways, including durability, stiffness, and expense. It is more likely that cards came from China to the Middle East from via Persia.
    2
  9469. dean mitchell the true story is hard to differentiate from the legend, but we may well do an episode on Hugh Glass.
    2
  9470. I am not sure we meet the standards of notability for a Wikipedia page.
    2
  9471. The book jacket happens to be in the Public Domain.
    2
  9472. Business manager, actually. Thanks!
    2
  9473. Sorry- saving for college for one kid is plenty.
    2
  9474. To my knowledge, not since he was a toddler.
    2
  9475. Sam Osteen it is. The sun helmet is the longest continually used helmet design.
    2
  9476. What is the complaint? They are certainly not being abused.
    2
  9477. Agreed.
    2
  9478. Look more closely
    2
  9479. Agreed. We spend a lot of time catching and removing those comments.
    2
  9480. The movie used the USS Pampanito, which is a museum ship. Like the Barb, it was a WWII diesel -electric. It is a Balao class submarine, which was a development of the Gato class that looks nearly identical.
    2
  9481. 1908 was supposed to go to Rome, but that is another story.
    2
  9482. There is a lot of discussion there as to what constitutes mechanical flight.
    2
  9483. The source we used was "Flickering Light: A History of Neon" by Christopher Ribbat, pp 54-55. The specific quotation is "The outside lighting alone amounted to 2.1 billion lux."
    2
  9484. Impossible to tell.
    2
  9485. Almost contemporary, but Holmes did not move to Chicago until 1886.
    2
  9486. While they are strikingly similar, there doesn't seem to be a historical connection. The Red Wings emblem, of course, is a commemoration of Detroit automobile manufacturing. The Red wings emblem is an automobile wheel, while the Army Transportation Service emblem is a railroad car wheel.
    2
  9487. Ads are by Google ads. We do not control the timing, but we do limit the number of mid-roll advertisements allowed. We do not choose the sponsors for the Google ads- those are customized to your watch patterns. I might suggest YouTube premium if the google ads are a concern.
    2
  9488. Yes, Yvonne DeCarlo. That is from the trailer for The Buccaneer’s Girl
    2
  9489. Helium Road yeah, really don’t get his thinking all around.
    2
  9490. https://youtu.be/5tUQ7VHnB6c
    2
  9491. I have one in the works.
    2
  9492. Possibly yes.
    2
  9493. Possibly, although that is actually an unlikely explanation for the Sultana explosion. Certainly coal bombs were used during the Civil War, and that could be called an act of terrorism. However, that would have been between actual belligerents. The unquestionable goal of the Black Tom bombing as to get the US to stop supplying munitions. That makes it a political act.
    2
  9494. They had died out of state and were being returned home for a funereal.
    2
  9495. The Post 9/11 GI Bill covers the full cost of public, in-state tuition and fees, plus stipends for housing, books and money to help veterans who move from a rural area to go to school. Veterans often miss out on benefits of which they are not aware. https://www.va.gov/education/how-to-apply/
    2
  9496. derekisthematrix it would probably be worth it in order to avoid the rancor of the BC vs BCE debate.
    2
  9497. Bollocks
    2
  9498. Big Blue there are a couple of photos in the episode of the running starts.
    2
  9499. You are very welcome.
    2
  9500. https://youtu.be/jDcog2ZP684
    2
  9501. Wheeler field was named after an officer who died in an air crash on Ford island, not Joe Wheeler.
    2
  9502. They are a perfect size. I have several, and fiddle with them a lot.
    2
  9503. As does Charlemagne. Clovis role in unifying much of Europe under Roman Catholicism was perhaps his biggest impact.
    2
  9504. The photos are merely photos from the age of steam.
    2
  9505.  @jamess4869  lol. No, that didn’t happen.
    2
  9506. https://youtu.be/TDj_GCBDYAw?si=mV59PazWupIC6WuL
    2
  9507.  @sebern2  KFRM
    2
  9508. John - thanks for the suggestion. I've added it to our ever-growing list of possible topics. Please note that due to the large number of ideas we receive, it may or may not be used. Merry Christmas!
    2
  9509. Yes, the same guy.
    2
  9510. You are offended by an article about a space sculpture how?
    2
  9511. https://youtu.be/MKClcHqoHqg https://youtu.be/Dh2d2uQ6gps https://youtu.be/o4o68Lt3fXM
    2
  9512. Nope. It is a actually a picture I bought on Ebay. I sometimes buy up old photos because I think they still deserve to be remembered.
    2
  9513. I am yes. The Honorable Order of Kentucky Colonels.
    2
  9514. The general argument is the mid 1970s. But, of course, that really just means the system changed. There are far fewer jobs given via patronage. Aid is now governmental and not from the party. But yes, there is still graft, though not on the scale of Tweed.
    2
  9515. Not according to pronunciation guides. But my experience is that however you pronounce something, you'll be told you pronounced it wrong.
    2
  9516. There were some tankers that were ready to be leased, but the warships were all old and due to be scrapped.
    2
  9517. Thank you for your service
    2
  9518. Not in the Battle of the Atlantic, or naval war in the Second World War generally.
    2
  9519. The flight and accident are well documented, with both a report by the department of transportation and the civil aeronautics board. The accident report says that the engine began to overspeed, was disabled by cutting off the supply of lubricating oil, the prop failed to feather, and continued to windmill in the airstream causing drag. I am not a mechanic, but I am accurately representing what was in the official accident reports and news sources at the time, and has been repeated in multiple sources by people who are experts in airline mechanics. if it helps, the report from the Civil Aeronautics Board says: "01:24 HST… The flight crew notices a momentary decrease in the RPM , then a heavy thud, followed immediately by an increase in the prop RPM. The crew decided the engine had frozen and the propeller had uncoupled through a failure in the propeller drive mechanism, and was wind milling in the airstream." it was that "uncoupling,' which is described as "prop governor failure" that allowed the propeller to continue to windmill. one of the findings from the CAB investigation was: "5. The engine was frozen, however. the propeller became decoupled from the engine and continued to windmill." The text of the CAB report is included here: http://propspistonsandoldairliners.blogspot.com/2011/08/amazing-ditching-of-pan-am-flight.html
    2
  9520. It is just a sailor's cap. They are worn for general duty.
    2
  9521. The article did not offer an explanation. It might simply be that maple of more of a New England flavor.
    2
  9522. He was, literally, the Shah of Persia.
    2
  9523. It is a spoon with a three tine fork front- kind of a large spork. The tines help cut the ice cream.
    2
  9524. By 1908 the Murdocks would have seen plenty of tumbleweeds.
    2
  9525. It is called "Rage at Dawn" and featured Randolph Scott. It is in the Public Domain now- there are some clips from the movie around 6:15.
    2
  9526. "Act of God:" is a legal term . But, respectfully, if God is "Almighty," how is it possible that God would not be responsible for tornadoes?
    2
  9527. I have three that relate to George Custer: https://youtu.be/l1AKHDMoKXk https://youtu.be/8SLLd7X7dpA https://youtu.be/P0QSUI9Kwmc
    2
  9528. Chris Holman this is a history of English translations of the Bible. Clearly a coverage of all Bible history would be far too large for an episode here. The Deuterocanonical books are an interesting discussion. However, it is more a discussion of theology than translation, and that was not the intent of the episode. I think, because of your interest, you wanted for this episode to have a much larger scope than would fit the format. In terms of the dating of the Gospel of Mark, respectfully, you are stating as fact an answer that is of significant dispute among biblical historians. Too, there is no apparent consensus as to when the book of Acts was written. “We know when Acts was written” is not an accurate summary of current thought by Biblical historians. With this channel we always have the issue that a topic we cover as one of many will be someone else’s life work. I have no doubt that every episode we have ever made has been viewed by someone with more expertise than us. I do not question your knowledge. However, respectfully, I am confident, in terms of the issues you have mentioned, our statements are consistent with the most accepted current consensus.
    2
  9529. They are merely a way to show the logo. I use a program called viddyoze- it takes about a minute to make one.
    2
  9530. Willow Mikalohva the echo inky appears to happen on some devices. It does not appear to be the microphone.
    2
  9531. I had to leave out thousands of stainless sculptures and monuments
    2
  9532. Thank you!
    2
  9533. True, but America was hardly unique in that.
    2
  9534. I have not personally checked, but the descriptions from people who have been there don't mention the crater. Since it would have been on the railway bed, I suspect that ATSF filled it in when repairing the track.
    2
  9535. Not this trip.
    2
  9536. Yes, that is a “Toby” jug reproduction. A gift from a viewer.
    2
  9537. I do love Kipling.
    2
  9538. In Baraboo Wisconsin
    2
  9539. Yes, i do plan to do one or more.
    2
  9540. Yes, there will likely be more episodes on the Plains Indian wars.
    2
  9541. The fossils were discovered within the historical record. The evolution controversy was in the historical record. The re-discovery was in 1938, well within the period considered to be history. This is episode is certainly history.
    2
  9542. Yes, I think it ironic that Pere Marquette, traveling the river he would not have found without the Illini, referred to the illini as savages. One thing that becomes clear when you study history- everyone thinks the other guy is the savage.
    2
  9543. There were eight fast battleships, ten old battleships and two British battleships in the allied fleet at Okinawa.
    2
  9544. Yup- no Protective Action Link nor Command Disable. In 2006 the Federation of American Scientists were referring to the B53 as "the unsafe nuke."
    2
  9545. Sadly, the picture is not in the Public Domain.
    2
  9546. It is not my story, it is story told by an SR-71 pilot. I suspect that you are thinking of the "Super-Hornet," which is the he F/A-18 E and F models. The F/A-18 first entered service in 1983, fifteen years before the SR-71 was retired.
    2
  9547. Thanks!
    2
  9548. Particularly clever since "Boomer" has special meaning in Oklahoma.
    2
  9549. Camelid
    2
  9550. https://youtu.be/_Uu6GULBKVM
    2
  9551. I have not yet done an episode on the capture of U-505. I did talk about the development of escort carriers and hunter-killer groups in this episode: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YIBF4HwtANA
    2
  9552. Told in more detail in this episode: https://youtu.be/hcVnByFS7n8
    2
  9553. Sign of the times...
    2
  9554. https://youtu.be/iRcDjszLaKk
    2
  9555. I was not able to be there in person- the episodes were done over the phone.
    2
  9556. I have not.
    2
  9557. There is a lot of history there is discuss.
    2
  9558. Thank you for service!
    2
  9559. Happy Birthday!
    2
  9560. Lol
    2
  9561. Sky pirates? I hadn’t considered that…
    2
  9562. The channel has evolved. I used to tape an intro with each video, then I moved to the standard intro, then I dropped it altogether.
    2
  9563. Thank you!
    2
  9564. The first day of summer isn't until June 21.
    2
  9565. Yes, I might sometime do a video on Ed Pulaski. My father was career Forest Service, so I do have a soft spot for the service.
    2
  9566. Terri Newman its official designation was a light attack multirole carrierborne fighter aircraft. Yes, it was primarily used for ground attack, a point I note in the episode. But fighter is not an incorrect label. The plane was literally used to train dogfighting at Top Gun.
    2
  9567. Maybe...
    2
  9568. Why not?
    2
  9569. That is why I included the discussion at the end. While the rebellion is now seen as an early move for independence, there did not seem to be a coherent move for self-rule among the mutineers, and, of course, a great portion of the sepoys and Princely states at the time remained loyal to the British. Personally, I think the evidence is more compelling that it was a class uprising rather than a proto-nationalist movement. “Freedom fighters fighting for independence of their nation” ignores that there was no vision of a united India at the time politically or culturally. And, interestingly, to the extent that a rival government was created it was to restore the Mughal emperor- a legacy foreign imperial dynasty. The rebellion was a complex event wrapped up in political, class and cultural tensions of the time, and I think it is somewhat of a stretch (although not incredibly so) to connect it to the modern independence movement. Still, it is an absolutely fair point that the uprising was both more complex and broader than a military rebellion. It is also completely fair to say that the Sepoys were not acting without cause, and the uprising can fairly be seen as heroic from the Indian perspective.
    2
  9570. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhl14PcSOmkB-KWtmDn64VE
    2
  9571. Gold plated brass.
    2
  9572. He was in the Navy, so I imagine he could cuss like a sailor...
    2
  9573. Sad story indeed.
    2
  9574. Peatross achieved the rank of Major General. Both Carlson and Roosevelt achieved the rank of Brigadier General.
    2
  9575. First time I have uploaded it.
    2
  9576. Yes, sorry. Cards, not Cubbies down here,
    2
  9577. That is a marionette from Salzburg
    2
  9578. He demands to be held, and if I didn’t pick him up he’d sit and complain. But it took multiple takes, and he was getting restless at the end
    2
  9579. While rare, "eclipse blindness," which means damage to the retina, is a real condition.
    2
  9580. That is a good question.
    2
  9581. Only the one at the end in the Public Domain.
    2
  9582. Most sources indicate that the use by Bugs Bunny was just a comic mispronunciation of "moron."
    2
  9583. His name is Pocky. We had already named him before making the video.
    2
  9584.  @alancranford3398  I’ll tell him you said so. He likes attention.
    2
  9585. Richard Cain I am sorry, but you must be either confusing events (there were several events in the Mediterranean in 1985 and 1986) or misremembering. Both Nimitz and America were in Norfolk on October 10, 1985.
    2
  9586. Yup- an amazing specialty of the KC BBQ cult.
    2
  9587. They operated them until 1986.
    2
  9588. I do speak quickly- I have tried to slow it down in later episodes. I don;t drink coffee...
    2
  9589. There were many people working on early aviation- of course they were learning from each-other.
    2
  9590. Thank you!
    2
  9591. If you get to the Alton cemetery, you cannot miss the monument.
    2
  9592. That style is called “diamond.”
    2
  9593. Edward Jones robbing from Citibank.
    2
  9594. And she was laid down as a Portland Class.
    2
  9595. Yes, we'll probably do an episode. We've been meaning to do a trip to Seattle, so i have been holding off until I can take more pictures.
    2
  9596. This is a podcast.
    2
  9597. Yes, he was a student.
    2
  9598. He did have his reasons. We shouldn't forget that. In the end, he made enormous sacrifices for his convictions.
    2
  9599. OptimusWombat history of science is still history.
    2
  9600.  @cg6348  the Missouri Blunts, of course, spell their surname differently. I can’t find any evidence that they are related.
    2
  9601. This is not usually a military tech channel, but we might be able to include it in a future episode.
    2
  9602. If by "build those" you mean "take them out of the box," then yes....
    2
  9603. Brought to Catalina for a movie.
    2
  9604. We have a catalog of hundreds of viewer suggested topics. We do take the suggestions seriously and appreciate viewer support. I am sorry, I can't tell you when or if things are going to be produced. We intend to be doing this for a very long time, and anticipate that there will be many hundreds or even thousands more episodes.
    2
  9605. Viddyoze
    2
  9606. Talked about it briefly in this episode: https://studio.youtube.com/video/Q4OcWac9jJQ/edit
    2
  9607. It is a long one, but well worth it.
    2
  9608. Happy Birthday!
    2
  9609. Ghostbusters is part of my history...
    2
  9610. Yes, a Toby mug. A gift from a viewer.
    2
  9611. Karin lol neither did mine I guess. I was trying to be funny as well.
    2
  9612. The distinction that came when we started recording events is important for many reasons.
    2
  9613. That isn’t quite true. While there is a longstanding story that the boat was cut in half to add the missile compartment, in fact Scorpion had only been under construction for four weeks, so modifications were made without need for cutting.
    2
  9614. https://youtu.be/vAHyefE0PdI
    2
  9615. Someone else confirmed that it was Japanese. I apologize for the error.
    2
  9616. The meteor passed May 20. It wasn’t reported until June 20.
    2
  9617. Thank you for your service!
    2
  9618. I've never gotten through the crowds...
    2
  9619. I can’t reconcile that either- multiple sources indicate only the Auschwitz complex used tattoos. He was shuffled through many camps, and possibly he went through one of the camps in the complex at some point. Or possibly my references are mistaken and some prisoners were tattooed at Ottmuth or Buchenwald.
    2
  9620. I post on Monday, Wednesday and Friday, which didn’t happen to include the 6th this year. But I have certainly talked about the invasion. D-Day https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGiRitPDNunBd3GaA03jy2Vm
    2
  9621. Be careful using Wikipedia as your only reference on any subject. I do not contend that William Knight is Al Capone's son. I am merely stating that a researcher (his grandson) contends that he was. https://www.sj-r.com/story/news/2009/03/13/boston-man-trying-to-prove/44233550007/
    2
  9622. https://www.rigov.org/825/John-Looney-Legend-Tour
    2
  9623. JSK JSK again, I found it important to mention Levitt and then felt I would be remiss to leave out the controversy. It is all history.
    2
  9624. JSK JSK Levittowns were a specific thing, built with specific purpose. They had a large impact on the American ideal of a lawn, so I included them. Part of their design included a controversy. I chose not to ignore that controversy simply because the history makes some people uncomfortable. I never suggested that “affordable homes” were by nature racist- I mentioned a fact about Levittowns. The information in the episode is accurate. This channel strives to avoid politics and stick to history. I believe we did that in this episode. If you want to unsubscribe, I cannot stop you. I cannot predict what people choose to find offensive. I believe a look at our catalogue will show that we neither seek nor avoid controversy. If that isn’t what you want in a channel, you are free to choose to unsubscribe.
    2
  9625. talljohn5350 I certainly am not “bringing up race all the time.” No one asked you to feel guilty of anything. I gave the specific reasoning here. I was not going to exclude a historical fact because you are “tired” of certain facts. History is history.
    2
  9626. Gen Li I have been infected with an appreciation for historical fact and nothing more. I truly do not understand why so many are so upset by seven completely accurate words in this episode, but I does not seem that I am the one “infected” with something.
    2
  9627. HEAVYWALL 70 again, we were making no comment about politics, and not asking to hold anyone responsible for anything.
    2
  9628. Sort of. The stock footage used in "Fail Safe," (1964) was of B-58s. But the interior shots showed a very different internal configuration. The movie references fictional "Vindicator" bombers.
    2
  9629. I suggest this one: https://youtu.be/FM2qnzrLZFw
    2
  9630. Well, that was a quotation.
    2
  9631. I talk about the treatment of the soldiers who deserted the defense forces to join the allies in the conclusion.
    2
  9632. https://youtu.be/15BcGlxlh4g https://youtu.be/nRyIGTkcmII
    2
  9633. I agree- but it was only top of list for least favorite for 20% of the people in the survey. I'd generally take lawn work over house work.
    2
  9634. That actually depends upon the "grade." Some of the alloys are magnetic.
    2
  9635. https://youtu.be/sz6IpmmYSXA
    2
  9636. I do hope to tell the story of the 10 th Irish Division
    2
  9637. She did live an extraordinary life- stowed away for Normandy. Wow. We've added her to the topic list. Thanks!
    2
  9638. Thank you!
    2
  9639. That one is a commemorative blade given to me by the USS Texas foundation.
    2
  9640. I think that is just an appearance in video since I tend to turn my head. The glasses do sit straight.
    2
  9641. No
    2
  9642. I did not see a record of direct communication with the US. Yes, you would think that is what the hotline is for.
    2
  9643. Planned for Monday
    2
  9644. Grilled veggies are just fine.
    2
  9645. Our local government doesn’t allow for backyard chickens. But a friend just a short drive down the road has a whole flock. Nothing like farm-fresh eggs!
    2
  9646. The two are similar in that both included a hypergolic missile exploding in the silo. Damascus was closer to population, but the K-219 warhead was actually breached, so radioactive material was lost. Obviously the risk was larger, as the K-219 carried 30 TNW and two reactors, and was in the gulf stream at the time.
    2
  9647. Well, the theory was mutually assured destruction. If the Soviets had thought that a first strike could succeed, the chance of a miscalculation became much greater.
    2
  9648. There is controversy over that question. General Holland Smith, commander of the V Amphibious corps vocally described the battle as unnecessary, but Julian Smith, who commanded the Second Marine Division at the battle disagreed, as did admirals Nimitz and Spruance. Nimitz described it as "knocking down the front door."
    2
  9649. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt6463720/
    2
  9650. Oh I guarantee there is plenty of cat hair around.
    2
  9651. I can't find any reference suggesting the Coast Guard ever used airships.
    2
  9652. They get hard fast...
    2
  9653. I grew up near there.
    2
  9654. My voice is my voice. I have no idea what problem you have with my sses.
    2
  9655.  @GoodmanMIke59  you are simply wrong, abjectly incorrect. I look at the camera and I talk. I don’t make any plan, and am not seeking to manipulate the audience in any way. The point that you note simply seems to be a part of a pause. Yes, I deliver content as if I am telling a story, because I am. I have no idea how you ascribe my motive the way that you do, but I can guarantee that nothing at all like you assert is going through my mind. I don’t know why you read so much in.
    2
  9656. The Dutch were not above piracy and privateering during the eighty years war.
    2
  9657. It is a myth. While he did extoll the virtues of turkeys versus eagles in a letter to his daughter, there is no evidence that he ever suggested it as the national bird.
    2
  9658. Supernaut there were several pictures, but they are under copyright. You can find them with a web search.
    2
  9659. On deck for Monday
    2
  9660. Eek- I had never heard that. A bit morbid, but good to know...
    2
  9661. Matthew Fields yes. I have never filmed an episode without pants.
    2
  9662. Not necessarily. A person ineligible could have received the second most votes prior to the Twelfth Amendment.
    2
  9663. It was an interesting battle in the West, with plenty of controversy around McClernand .
    2
  9664. P.O. Box 1473, O’Fallon, Il, 62269
    2
  9665. "Pale" is derived from the Latin pālus, meaning a stake or prop. A series of pales is a fence, and "palisade" is derived from the same root. Thus, "beyond the pale" literally means outside the fence. You make a fair point, the Oxford English Dictionary argues that there is insufficient evidence to determine whether the phrase "beyond the pale" meaning "outside civilization" originated from the English Pale in Ireland or from the Pale of Settlement in Imperial Russia, or whether it predates both.
    2
  9666. In newspaper parlance, any theft from a bank is called a robbery.
    2
  9667. Remembering Black History https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGiGoRJ5Nz_rQYc80Oq7rbgp
    2
  9668. I am simply not hearing this. I do equalize the audio.
    2
  9669. Happy Birthday!
    2
  9670. Awesome! I believe they talked about that in the Magellan documentary.
    2
  9671. William Evans in fact, they were. https://youtu.be/tMrYmy4pabc
    2
  9672. Yes. The name came during the Philippine-American War.
    2
  9673. I'll check it out- I never heard that story.
    2
  9674. https://youtu.be/dQhkksZYZcs
    2
  9675. Including Iceland and the Faroe Islands. Norway was really just Britain and Germany deciding who was going to invade first and blame the other guy.
    2
  9676. USS Iowa is in Los Angeles. USS New Jersey is in Cambden, New Jersey. USS Wisconsin is in Norfolk, VA.
    2
  9677. The algorithm is a constant mystery. We know the shorts will get less view time, and thus be recommended less, but they are also much faster to produce, and we like the content. which has always been more important to us than maximizing monetization.
    2
  9678. I meant no disrespect.
    2
  9679. Bosco Bob I didn’t take it as pedantic at all. I am perfectly fine with corrections. Thank you!
    2
  9680. LOL yes, that is my wife, and her hair color changes often.
    2
  9681. rn reajr the purpose of mentioning the Comet was just to say how much experience there was with jet airliners.
    2
  9682. And it is a great book! I am a fan of Bernard Cornwell, but sure wish he'd finish the Starbuck Chronicles.
    2
  9683. It isn’t a joke. That was a real poll.
    2
  9684. I am sorry for your loss.
    2
  9685. If a cat is at my feet when I start filming, I usually pick it up. Nobody is being abused.
    2
  9686. Ryan Pearce why not? History has not changed.
    2
  9687. I go into some depth here: https://youtu.be/Tu3tREaE4Xg
    2
  9688. The movie trailer is in the Public Domain.
    2
  9689. My mistake. HMS Penelope was damaged by a torpedo from UB-29 on April 25, 1916, but survived. I am sorry for the error.
    2
  9690. That is a cap for the Naval Aviation cadet program. I may have an episode on the program sometime.
    2
  9691.  @drfuton9003  https://youtu.be/l_DR_aC3zuM
    2
  9692. Thank you! And yes, that is a great museum!
    2
  9693. https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AChicago_Photographed_from_Ray_Knabenshue%27s_Dirigible_Air_Ship.webm
    2
  9694.  @JohnCoffins  that is awesome! Thanks!
    2
  9695. Yes- thieves who steal scrap metal.
    2
  9696. Aquila Rossa I largely agree with your sentiment. Looking backward, the only real risk of nuclear annihilation was accident or miscalculation. But, to be fair, if it was paranoid nonsense, it was one shared by both sides. In theory that very paranoia is what prevented accidental war. It is difficult to fathom the reasoning, but it is also difficult to rethink a history that did manage to navigate through those times.
    2
  9697. ferdinand held it is called “Highway Wildflowers” and is from the YT royalty free library.
    2
  9698. Lol no- there is a bit of a hidden joke, but the idea was just that Feathertop was a handsome man so long as he smoked his magic pipe.
    2
  9699. That is a fair point, there has been a notable renaissance since the Staggers Rail Act of 1980. Still, rail, especially passenger rail, is not nearly as dominant as it was in the golden age.
    2
  9700. It is really not such a stretch. Robot lawn mowers are just an outdoor equivalent of a roomba
    2
  9701. It is just a reproduction I bought in the gift shop at Caerleon.
    2
  9702. Dennis Logan yes
    2
  9703. The warships that went to Pepsi were all sold for scrap. Presumably they were of no military value any more.
    2
  9704. That would seem to have been a difficult merger, as both lost their bow. HMS Sausage would have always been going backwards. HMS Saumarez was scrapped following the incident, but HMS Volage was rebuilt as a frigate and served until 1956. There would, of course, be precedent for the RN welding two destroyers together: https://youtu.be/5rWQXvEiIHs
    2
  9705. I use what I can find in the public domain. The radar shots are all over the US.
    2
  9706. Quite a few have mentioned it. I have a good camera with a quality built in microphone, but I understand that I can improve sound quality.
    2
  9707. Agreed
    2
  9708. LOL no- she is a part of the History Guy gang.
    2
  9709. I don’t know that the movie was based on a specific event, but it certainly describes a super-outbreak.
    2
  9710. LOL yes, I chose the topic when we secured the sponsor.
    2
  9711. I did. My apologies
    2
  9712. https://youtu.be/l1WDK_5D7kc
    2
  9713. It is a vintage hat or wig display. I've had it for a couple of years- at one point we had a naming contest on the community tab. "Yorik" won.
    2
  9714. Thank you!
    2
  9715. This was actually price fixing. It would likely be illegal today.
    2
  9716. Depends on the size. I have gotten some pretty cool stuff in the mail that I have no good way to display on set.
    2
  9717. LOL yes, it is one of the heavy "ATM6" models from the Last Jedi. If you push a button, it makes Pew! Pew! sounds with the cannon.
    2
  9718. Larry Scott actually, calling it Space Age was more of a fraud. Presumably the idea was to bilk investors, not build cars (there was never an actual factory.) The episode was about how the historical circumstances facilitated a downright comic con game, not about the Dale being an actual space-age product.
    2
  9719. Yes, the Washington is on the list. By some measures, it is the only battleship of the war to sink an enemy battleship.
    2
  9720. It is an enjoyable memoir.
    2
  9721. He was, by all accounts, a dedicated family man. They traveled with him on his Army postings, and are listed as surviving him in his obituary.
    2
  9722. CL-11. A Montgomery class unprotected cruiser
    2
  9723. gatsbye53 a sponsor is not generally going to pay to sponsor a video with ads at the end.
    2
  9724. Yes, it was a sad chapter that Hap Arnold called "heartbreaking to those who thought they knew the man."
    2
  9725. That is a fair point.
    2
  9726. Easter is the first Sunday after the first full moon after the vernal equinox.
    2
  9727. https://youtu.be/wP1kq9H7TYg?si=rv4Wzm0p_O3-ShhW
    2
  9728. I wonder if there are still fireplace tongs in the chamber…
    2
  9729. Tough to keep radios with vacuum-tubes operating in those conditions.
    2
  9730. It was an Air Force facility, although the Navy was responsible for some maintenance aspects. The crews were Airmen.
    2
  9731.  @m.d.reedify  in context of the episode, it represented the number of people possibly on a flight path in a practice launch. The DOD determined that missiles from Green River to WSMR would “inconvenience” the fewest number of people. That assumes, of course, that the missile followed its projected path...
    2
  9732. The pressed fiber helmet is not the longest used hat, but the longest used helmet design, in the United States military.
    2
  9733. The single star on a field of blue was the flag of the Republic of Florida.
    2
  9734. What is wrong with it?
    2
  9735. Illinois. Probably both are named after Arthur St. Clair.
    2
  9736. The plane lost much of its speed when it lost two engines. It takes far longer to get there when you are moving far slower.
    2
  9737. It rotated to another shelf. It will come back eventually. I have a rather sizable collection of brick-a-brac that I move around.
    2
  9738. The current event did spur the research.
    2
  9739. Zateyev talked about that. He refused assistance because it would have been a great embarrassment and high command would not have approved. However, he was afraid the crew might mutiny, and had all the sidearms thrown overboard. It is an interesting question if the US could have provided some sort of aid to improve the situation.
    2
  9740. It was in my mother’s kitchen for years. She gave it to me when she downsized to an apartment.
    2
  9741. 39 foot, eight inches.
    2
  9742. LOL, few things have raised such controversy on The History Guy,
    2
  9743. I suppose that some people enjoy frostbite.
    2
  9744. Because circa 560 million years ago siliciclastic sediments migrated southward via rivers and ocean currents, creating a layer of limestone on top of a piece of bedrock that had broken off from Pangea.
    2
  9745. @ only sort of. North and south relating to up and down is actually a human convention. Nature might see it the other way, thus making Florida the opposite of flaccid. Maybe we simply misunderstood the message.
    2
  9746. They were all syndicated and ran at different times in different time zones. Yes, all had Saturday morning slots. Many such programs moved to weekday afternoons, however, as regulations were more lax in those time slots. That is part of what drove the Children’s Television Act of 1990.
    2
  9747. The concept of travelling circuses was much more common in North America.
    2
  9748. LOL no- maybe I should do a poll? I got it second hand, and assume it is vintage or antique, but I don't know really anything specific about it. It was either a hat or wig display in some store.
    2
  9749. The city was looted for eight months, including virtually all the artifacts and riches in it churches and monasteries, as well as virtually all of the property and wealth of its citizens.
    2
  9750. The episode crosses over the line when images move into the Public Domain. Notably, i could not find a Public Domain image of Chapman Grant save for the very fuzzy image in the back of a copy of an expedition photo. As always, we use the best we can find, but we respect copyright.
    2
  9751. I receive many complaints that I pronounce things like an American. in my defense, I am an American.
    2
  9752. On that topic, a hard no. Sorry, it is simply still too controversial and impossible to walk a middle ground.
    2
  9753. I mention the USS Arizona band and the December, 1941 competition in this episode: https://youtu.be/7vyjF6ro2Jo
    2
  9754. Seemor Disillusioned likely it is related to both, as train gauge is related to both care and locomotive.
    2
  9755. Likely Kush
    2
  9756. There is a good chance that you are taking aspirin and don't know it, it is is so many products.
    2
  9757. https://youtu.be/NJorEFeox9s?si=C5mQBGMaQl5wIMAg
    2
  9758. PARA-ADDICT! LOL one is uploading right now.
    2
  9759. There is no indication on the can.
    2
  9760. Alabama and Mississippi were formed out of the Mississippi territory. Neither were independent republics,
    2
  9761. Yes, i have to reference direct quotations.
    2
  9762. LOL
    2
  9763. 13ccasto we certainly strive to present all history.
    2
  9764. Tha looks to be just a mark on the negative.
    2
  9765. Fair point- I’ve not talked about the O-220.
    2
  9766. asterix 64 saw Corfe in 2015 when we visited Portsmouth. We hope to do an episode on it some day- it has an interesting story
    2
  9767. https://youtu.be/tWx6gufENSs
    2
  9768. https://youtu.be/urYvBb7_OBM
    2
  9769. Happy birthday!
    2
  9770. Not so much. Bow ties, hats and cufflinks.
    2
  9771. We did a sponsorship with WoW last spring. I played quite a lot for a while, but have been slacking of late.
    2
  9772. Fair point- sorry to have misstated that.
    2
  9773.  @billbolton  gold star approved. ⭐️
    2
  9774. It is actually about a product of the times. I am sorry that your attention span was too small to appreciate a great story.
    2
  9775. The narrative was taken from German records, so I suspect the core story-line is true.
    2
  9776. In the video description
    2
  9777. That’s a good idea.
    2
  9778. Harold Ellis yes, Anna Jarvis, after working to have the day recognized then fought against it commercialization.
    2
  9779. I would say "Folk History," and it could refer to any number of peoples from ancient times. It might be referring to ancient ruins, but also displaced people.
    2
  9780. I was a big fan of the old Godlzilla films.
    2
  9781. There is carbon in stainless steel, just in smaller amounts than most plain carbon steel.
    2
  9782. HateGovernment the allies never admitted to them being anything other than accidental.
    2
  9783. Many, including, for example, Canada, realized that this was a crisis at the time. The criticism is not hindsight, it was noted then as well. I did not intend the narrative to blame Britain, but, rather, to offer a balanced description of events. Others complain that I have not faulted Churchill enough, many thinking the famine was deliberate. I do not personally think the evidence supports that point. But War Council records do show a shocking racism and callous disregard for the lives of Indian subjects of the empire for which disgust does not require hindsight. As to your criticism, there used to be people in Britain who were grateful to the US for the sacrifices made during wars far from our shores, as shown in the American Memorial Chapel at St Paul's cathedral. I am always sorry to hear that so many from the UK have lost their understanding of history to the point where, like you, they derisively attack allies who came to their aid. I am, in many ways, an Anglophile, and do not intend to portray Great Britain as anything other than a creature of their times. But, as Oliver Cromwell said, paintings should include warts and all. I hope that I treat all nations similarly. But I feel compelled to comment here. I rarely, if ever, hear Americans choosing to insult Britons. I do not understand why Britons such as yourself find it proper to go out of your way to insult us. We came "late" to two wars. But had we not come, I suspect that things would be far worse in the UK today. Asserting otherwise is "rubbish."
    2
  9784. I disagree. The officer rank is not “lieutenant” in the US and “left-tenant” in Canada and the UK. In fact, both are acceptable pronunciations of the word. My pronunciation is American, but it is also correct.
    2
  9785. Doc Huard We understand that some viewers don’t prefer sponsored content, and so we limit to two sponsored videos a month. But please understand, sponsors are a primary way that YouTubers keep afloat. It is the same mechanism that allowed radio and television to grow and thrive and change culture and make history. I don’t begrudge Magellan TV for seeking customers for their very fine product, and I am grateful for their sponsorship which allows us to keep producing our content.
    2
  9786. No, I think it is just shadow and hefty sideburns.
    2
  9787. Some sort of trench artillery was fired at Mephisto- possibly a French 37, and failed to penetrate. Artillery was the primary way that tanks were knocked out in WWI, but it usually used direct fire to do so, and so affected tanks that had gotten into the enemy rear or managed to expose themselves. Presumably the A7Vs simply sdidn;t expose themselves. The Mark IV that defeated Nixe was later disabled by German artillery, as were three of the seven Whippets
    2
  9788. It is a Baden pickelhaube- my great uncle was in a Baden regiment. But it is just s a cheap reproduction (sorry to disappoint.)
    2
  9789. Umm, not really. The big secret is that most THG episodes are created over the course of just two days.
    2
  9790. Dean Stuart for all the bluster about taxation without representation, it was really more about unrestricted trade. The mercantilist system was the price of empire, and that was the tax paid. And there was no representation for the colonies in Parliament. I think, too, the American-British alliance has paid for itself in time. The Mediterranean theater of the Napoleonic wars is interesting. I will look into doing an episode. Thank you!
    2
  9791. There is disagreement over the origin of the phrase, but it was not commonly used in the IS until the 20th century, so is unlikely to be connected to the mammoth cheeses.
    2
  9792. Thank you!
    2
  9793. Shells made from 1941 - 1943 had the rim seam on the front. Millions of shells made during the Second World War had the rim seam in the back. Moreover, a shell with a rim seam in the front that was refurbished post war would not be considered a “true” WWII helmet by a collector. The seam is only part of the story.
    2
  9794.  @TCizauskas  I am truly sorry if you took offense. But your comment is not about historical accuracy, it is about an arcane quibble that is inconsistent with the commonly used pronunciation of the word. And yes, it offends me that you impugn my research with such a complaint.
    2
  9795. I certainly meant no disrespect to Flint.
    2
  9796. I do apologize for the misspeak in the introduction.
    2
  9797. Yes, that was a common problem- trains couldn't take grades because the squished grasshoppers greased the rails. As it grew colder at night, the metal of the rails would hold heat from the day, and the insects would congregate there.
    2
  9798. They are different plastics. Aside from the fact that celluloid came first, the biggest difference is that celluloid, while man-made, used a natural polymer. Bakelite was the first all man made plastic, - that is, it used a synthetic polymer.
    2
  9799. Howland Owlle yes, respectfully, you are picky. The term was frequently used generically for horse-drawn cabs of all kinds. The distinction between, say, a Hansom can and a Hackney coach is a specialized level of interest. While I appreciate that there is a distinction, acknowledge that it would have been more proper to say “horse cab,” and apologize for the error, the distinction is hardly relevant to the episode.
    2
  9800. There was also the Hollywood image- women overseas thought if they married an American they'd be in a California house with a pool like they saw in the movies.
    2
  9801. "Corn" meant any important cereal grain, not just corn.
    2
  9802. The Watermelon War was in Panama City: https://youtu.be/GM4sLx5DhcA
    2
  9803. The fictional falcon would have been lost in the sixteenth century according to the story, which was written by author Dashiell Hammett in 1930. Neither overlaps the French occupation.
    2
  9804. Yes- it was intended to be generic. Most actual footage is, or course, under copyright. It is from a stock site called StoryBlocks.
    2
  9805. In August. There a a few photos in this episode from our visit.
    2
  9806. Yes, his further story is fascinating/terrifying and may well be a future episode.
    2
  9807. That was Pookie- he is no longer with us. I don’t think he was disturbed- I think he actually fell asleep. He was totally deaf by then. In my studio, participation by the cat is entirely up to the cat.
    2
  9808. In fact, it is not- at least not directly. The local speed of sound, and hence the Mach number, depends upon the temperature of the surrounding gas. Because the speed of sound increases with air temperature, and air temperature generally decreases with altitude, the true airspeed for a given Mach number generally decreases with altitude. So altitude is not actually part of the formula, temperature is. But temperature is generally affected by altitude.
    2
  9809.  @ArachneAnathema  yes, a yearly fee to own a TV. It pays for the BBC.
    2
  9810. Mary Rose sailed for 33 years before she sank. https://youtu.be/NJorEFeox9s
    2
  9811.  @TheTravelerMan  I’m good. Fully sheveled.
    2
  9812. The Street was named after the palace which was named after the leper hospital which was named after St James the Less
    2
  9813. Yes, cities resisted. But the real issue is that the government did not issue orders, or made them as requests rather than orders.
    2
  9814. Same here. Dad loved war documentaries and John Wayne films.
    2
  9815. The picture was taken years after the event.
    2
  9816. Apples are heterozygotes- the plant will be genetically different than the one that produced the seed. For the most part these apples would have been small and unpalatable, but pressed for cider. Still, seeds do sometimes produce edible varieties.
    2
  9817. While the glare of the lights is somewhat odd, it is a standard rising sun badge.
    2
  9818. https://youtu.be/MATrLKCs71s
    2
  9819. Not officially until June 20
    2
  9820. Wel, it wasn’t the Royal Thai Navy or the Royal Navy of Oman. It is not improper to note which Royal Navy.
    2
  9821. Happy Birthday!
    2
  9822. Geoffrey Mowbray in 1867 they could have been using Snider-Enfield conversions.
    2
  9823. According to The Fédération aéronautique internationale, the Lockheed SR-71 holds the current absolute speed record for aeroplanes. https://www.fai.org/record/8879
    2
  9824. It is actually an inflatable toy. It is an inflatable 8.8 cm AT round purchased from The Tank Museum. https://tankmuseumshop.org/
    2
  9825. Because this is an episode about Celluloid, not all the thousands of types of plastics. Bakelite came after celluloid, and, unlike celluloid, was entirely man made, rather than starting with a natural polymer.
    2
  9826. This Day In History https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjKD-M6HLAqj9z9SGyrtH2q
    2
  9827. Lol
    2
  9828. That is a cool 50s vintage tie I got on Ebay.
    2
  9829. That sounds fabulous!
    2
  9830. A gift from a viewer.
    2
  9831. It is not just medical theory- the "Semmelweis reflex" can happen anywhere.
    2
  9832. There were several examples of RAF pilots ramming bombers- there was even another incident that same day. What made Holmes unique was that his act was particularity visible to the public.
    2
  9833. LOL in a manner of speaking.
    2
  9834. Of course I don't mind! Thank you!
    2
  9835. Thank you!
    2
  9836. "Tora" was a nickname for Victoria.
    2
  9837. I just speak that fast. I have actually slowed the pace versus some of the older episodes.
    2
  9838. Possibly. we have a couple out on the second Boer war: https://youtu.be/75RVHe8KJTk https://youtu.be/pkR3DqnXhIk
    2
  9839. We do intent to host an event or two in the East Metro this year, and will advertise when we have details.
    2
  9840. That is an interesting thought- although it is still questionable whether the arid environment could support any wild population.
    2
  9841. One reference said Montreal. another said British Columbia.
    2
  9842.  @daveraatz1328  I grew up in Hot Springs
    2
  9843. Ed G Power no, it was released as a single. The Traveling Wilburys were formed the following year.
    2
  9844. Six branches, eight uniformed services.
    2
  9845. Vampire?
    2
  9846. Our research is done remotely. We produce three history episodes a week, so obviously cannot travel for research. We do our level best on pronunciation, but guides are simply not always available. If I pronounced the Colonel’s name incorrectly, I do apologize.
    2
  9847. https://youtu.be/ozQSNdPzD48
    2
  9848. https://youtu.be/yiLiTJ1Ofys
    2
  9849. I've never heard that. Maybe one of the viewers will weigh in.
    2
  9850. You can't please everyone. We do tend to see a few more down-votes when we include sponsored content.
    2
  9851. The AAR says “Tiger tank.” No, it never says “Royal Tiger.” As this was one of the few areas of the battle where both a Tiger I and Tiger II could have been present, it is not clear which it was. The distinction is not terribly relevant here, in that both the Tiger I and the Tiger II have the same rear armor thickness.
    2
  9852. https://youtu.be/wP1kq9H7TYg
    2
  9853. Intersex (previously called hermaphroditism) has nothing whatsoever to do with “woke.”
    2
  9854. Thank you!
    2
  9855. Some twenty percent of the US adult population is on a daily aspirin regimen.
    2
  9856. I pause because not everyone admits that to themselves. People are very often reticent to seek therapy.
    2
  9857. Last fall we paid a visit to the Alton Museum of History and Art and left with quite a few great topics.
    2
  9858. The Eternity of Hills Memorial Park is in Colma.
    2
  9859. Wrigley made so much money from the gum that he bought the Cubs. He renamed the stadium from Cub's Field to Wrigley Field in 1927.
    2
  9860. While it is a compelling story of how it was diagnosed, and I think one of the likely explanations, it cannot be confirmed without blood work, and so remains one of a few possible explanations. There were problems with the diagnosis. There was no known event with an animal, and the aversion to water that is the common symptom of the illness was inferred from a single comment.
    2
  9861. Sadly, we are no longer together.
    2
  9862. Didn't know I was one today...
    2
  9863. The photo was grainy, so I used a sharpening program to upscale it, and that is likely what you are seeing. It is a hurricane of no 1 squadron - this is the caption: “Hawker Hurricane Mark I, N2358 'Z', of No. 1 Squadron RAF is refuelled while undergoing an engine check at Vassincourt.” The photo is in Wikimedia commons: https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:C_001234Hurricane1Sqn1940.jpg#mw-jump-to-license
    2
  9864. The Missouri Mormon War has been on our list for a while, but is not an easy topic to present. I think we'll have an episode out eventually.
    2
  9865. It had not been authorized in 1898
    2
  9866. ;)
    2
  9867. Yes, Texas participated in the Battle of Cherbourg. She was struck by a 24 cm shell from Battery Hamburg, but the shell failed to explode. It was the only time Texas was struck by enemy fire in the ship’s history. The German coastal artillery shell is still kept by the ship as a trophy. That action is described in this episode: https://youtu.be/J9IabP_W3SM
    2
  9868. LOL that is George Patton
    2
  9869. athopi cus Patton typically wore the M1 liner. I’ve seen a few in the tanker helmet, But I don’t know if I have seen a photo where he had the steel shell on his M1.
    2
  9870. kevin austin there was an account in Marco Polo’s travels, but it seems to have been added years later and is not in the original work. The earliest known accounts of glasses in China noted that they were imported. Historians have largely ruled out claims that eyeglasses were invented in China.
    2
  9871. Yes, there is a turkey industry in Turkey where the bird is called “hindi.”
    2
  9872. I imagine he did not tell the whole story to his commander.
    2
  9873. They can be dangerous just because of their size. Nuisance was always very gentle around children.
    2
  9874. I have attempted a script on USS Liberty. I simply think that it is too complex to fit into my short format.
    2
  9875. See the pinned comment. "Giminee" was an idiosyncratic NASA pronunciation.
    2
  9876. Most of the specimens had either been sold or lost due to neglect. The University saw the value only in the land.
    2
  9877. lol. "Feat"
    2
  9878. It is fair to say that there was a German side to the story. Their complaints continued into the next war as well. The allies, in essence, insisted that the U-boats expose themselves to protect the merchant crews, but then attacked them when they did.
    2
  9879. That has been on the topic list since the beginning, but I have been avoiding it. Such a painful event.
    2
  9880. The storm is definitely on our topic list. Only possibly on the Fitzgerald, which, despite being a compelling story, seems already to have quite a bit of coverage on YouTube.
    2
  9881. I was just there in July. Lovely country.
    2
  9882. Nope- first time we've covered it.
    2
  9883. Lindbergh’s was the first solo transatlantic flight.
    2
  9884. I mention Alcock and Brown's flight in this episode: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=swIev-LlORQ
    2
  9885. I did not talk about the African forest elephant specifically, although it has been recognized as a species separate from the African bush elephant. And some have argued that the supposed "Atlas mountain elephant" was actually a population of African forest elephants, especially given the smaller size represented on Carthaginian coins. But that explanation is problematic. African forest elephants are known to be even more difficult to domesticate that African bush elephants. And the historical range of the African forest elephant always seems to have been equatorial.
    2
  9886. Yes.
    2
  9887. I don't know what the captain could have done. But, the Captain was in the con, which was cutoff from the reactor room by radiation in the missile room.
    2
  9888. We’ll organize a meet and greet for locals.
    2
  9889. It has quite a good land warfare display as well, for tank aficionados.
    2
  9890. I often have the same problem.
    2
  9891. Thank you for the offer. I have not been accepting donations because I do not want to take advantage of viewers. But I do hope that you find a good home for the artifact.
    2
  9892. Fortunately the species has proved to be particularly amenable to conservation efforts.
    2
  9893. Several of them. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhaqf9Nk_fkzRlQNrsB2iMb
    2
  9894. It is good research.
    2
  9895.  @TobyCatVA  you are genetically far more similar to the hominid apes than your cat. The inferences are more direct. But, these researchers are not inferring an evolutionary link to humanity because apes make beds. They have accepted the evolutionary links, and the conclusion made is that bed making predates modern humans, and has evolutionary value. They are also not implying that humans evolved from apes. Rather, they are asserting that original bed making represented an evolutionary leap for both the hominid apes and the human ancestors. If you simply deny evolution, it is clear that we have genetic similarities to hominid apes, and their similar interest is beds shows how foundational protected sleep is as a technology. That suggests that a notional Adam and Eve likely carefully created beds.
    2
  9896.  @me3333  that is Pookie- he has been on several episodes of the show. We lost him two weeks ago, and the picture is a memorial. His full name is Field Marshal Baron Pookminster von Moocher.
    2
  9897. 44SirLoopalot I’ve described neither as either. This is all history. But you do not need an “American narrative” to see Germany’s responsibility in the Second World War. Have we become so relativistic that we have to treat Hitler’s side equally?
    2
  9898. The Lincoln child portrayed as being killed by vampires in the movie was William “Willie” Lincoln, who died of yellow fever in February 1862. I don’t think that Robert was portrayed in the movie.
    2
  9899. I think that was a different accident- a mine disaster that occurred in Pennsylvania on the 20th, and both disasters were in the headlines.
    2
  9900.  @jreese8284  I am sorry that a few viewers were bothered by them.
    2
  9901. The speed reading school was started by a teacher in Utah.
    2
  9902. In fact, I have done an episode on the United States Coast Guard Auxiliary as part of the series exclusive for patrons on Patreon.
    2
  9903. The Babar paintings were in the child's dining room.
    2
  9904. No spoiling of Santa included
    2
  9905. Custom & Hot Rod Life of course the comment regarding why only black was available was in reference to the twelve years when only black was available
    2
  9906. Laertes L while a fair point, Destructor is generally seen as more of a precursor to modern destroyers. I don’t claim that the RNs Daring and Havock class were the very first, so history is not damaged. Destructor certainly deserves to be remembered, and might come up in other episodes, but the connection to HMS Zubion is too tenuous to include in this episode. But, as you complain about attribution to Anglo-Saxon nations, you do realize that Villaamil’s boat was actually built by in Scotland, right?
    2
  9907. Yes, we did not generally use the British spelling.
    2
  9908. Correct. Several schooners were acquired in Canada for the purpose of customs enforcement and their names were Anglicized.
    2
  9909. Several online sources claim that Nixon wore one to his inauguration in 1973, but I haven’t seen a photograph.
    2
  9910. Yes, although that movie- loosely based on Upton Sinclair's book "Oil!" - was set during the California oil boom.
    2
  9911. I am sorry- no one really understands the system that YouTube uses to recommend videos. You should get a notification if you subscribe and click on the bell to enable notifications. We regularly post every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 7 am Central- so you can look for us here. You can also go to our web page at TheHistoryGuy.com and all videos are posted there as well.
    2
  9912. Saale.
    2
  9913. Personally, I find a difference between fame and celebrity. But the moniker is not mine, it is one that has been commonly used to describe her, largely because of her intuitive ability to leverage mass media.
    2
  9914. Why? What they tried to do was reduce a hurricane’s strength.
    2
  9915. So sorry, we only have coffee mugs and beer glasses. I'll look into shot glasses.
    2
  9916. Yup
    2
  9917. It was, reportedly, the common term used for a crop duster.
    2
  9918.  @P4hs  Thank you! This is exactly the sort of thing that historians can have a rollicking good time arguing. Although, I can not claim to specialize in Roman history. That is actually more Ms History Guy's territory. Are your videos on YouTube? I would be happy to include the link in the description. It is completely fair to say that it is an oversimplification to call Actium the end of the Republic, and that many historians see it differently. It is also fair to say, however, that the defeat of Antony spelled the end of the second triumvirate, and facilitated Octavian's rise to become Augustus. In any case, it was a significant battle, and the fact that it was fought with Illyrin pirate ships is a story that deserves to be remembered.
    2
  9919.  @P4hs  very often viewers want to go seek more thorough information. I am happy to include the link and will be checking your videos out myself.
    2
  9920. The offer, reportedly, came from Francisco Espoz y Mina.
    2
  9921. They did, in some cases. But I would imagine that those using oxen would have been wary to sell them or loan them out when so many horses were sick.
    2
  9922. History Down Under: Australia and New Zealand https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGgDDIGx85ZLpAB8GaNx-t_S
    2
  9923.  @robcaulfield58  I can’t. Once posted YT doesn’t let me change it. I’ll release an updated version at a different time.
    2
  9924.  @marshalljulie3676  I have always intended to do an episode on Thule- I am sure I’ll get to it.
    2
  9925. 113 DmG I have never mentioned Donald Trump
    2
  9926. It has been tested in double-blind studies.
    2
  9927. History, like art, is in the eye of the beholder. Different stories are compelling to different people. And This isn’t a story in the “great person” vein. No one is arguing that she made a pivotal decision or vital act that altered the course of history. It is a story about a person who navigated a difficult period with courage and dignity. It is a story which illustrates the complexity of the times. It is the background to the historical structures that have been preserved, thus offering the modern viewer a glimpse into the past. Not everyone might find her story compelling. I suppose that depends upon how much you relate to it. But certainly she deserves to be remembered.
    2
  9928. I don't yet, no. Possibly in a future episode.
    2
  9929. In New Orleans it is pronounced Charters.
    2
  9930. Possibly, it is a tad recent for the channel, and a very sad story.
    2
  9931. Geo Bois certainly all history has perspective.
    2
  9932. I think that was a 747-200 rather than a 747SP
    2
  9933. That would be a violation of international treaty.
    2
  9934. Brian Weaver the ads are controlled by Google ads. We don’t control the ads, which are, I am told, customized to your viewing patterns.
    2
  9935. I don’t know what that is.
    2
  9936. They did receive representation in court.
    2
  9937. it is.
    2
  9938. That is the argument the Air Force made- satellites made spy planes obsolete. But that is what they would say if they were keeping their spy plane secret.
    2
  9939. People seem to be misunderstanding the point. The Dr is not saying we need serial killers, but that we are obsessed with such people because we have a psychological need to look at bad people so that we can feel better about ourselves by comparison.
    2
  9940. There is actually a long history of microcars and other three wheeled vehicles, the Dale was certainly not the first. The design was rather more ambitious than most, and purported the size of a full-size automobile. The supposed bells and whistles, including the "rocket structural resin" body and solid state printed circuit-board dashboard were, so far as I can tell, novel.
    2
  9941. LLLLEEEEEROY JEEEENKINSSSS!
    2
  9942. Rebel
    2
  9943. Correct, that was my mistake.
    2
  9944. Insulin is essential for Type I Diabetes, where previously diet was a poor and insufficient treatment and diagnosis a death sentence.
    2
  9945. basherofnoggins as the vet says, she never misses the bowl.
    2
  9946. The entire site didn’t explode because there were barriers built in. In fact, the site continued to be used for munitions storage into the 1970s.
    2
  9947. Keinlicht to be fair, the same can be said of almost anywhere.
    2
  9948. I suspect we will have one or more episodes regarding the Battle off Samar. It is fascinating history, but it is a relatively well known and oft discussed battle.
    2
  9949. As usual, we are not trying to make any comment on modern politics.
    2
  9950. LOL- it does seem that British accents dominate YouTube.
    2
  9951. There are about eighteen hours of content on the channel so far, so it could last a couple of nights. :)
    2
  9952. I got it from Crown and Paw
    2
  9953. It is!
    2
  9954. Glad you enjoyed it, and thank you for your service
    2
  9955. Obviously harvest celebrations predate 1621. And yet the US Thanksgiving holiday is explicitly based on the one in 1621 held between the Pilgrims and Wampanoag. That is the real and well documented history of the holiday. Those others were not Thanksgiving.
    2
  9956. I am anctuallt from St Louis, and we locals don;t tend to think of ourselves as easterners...
    2
  9957. Oh my giant blue head!
    2
  9958. In general, contemporary accounts suggest that no disguises were worn, and the Indian headdresses depicted in some nineteenth century engravings were fanciful or incorrect. There is some disagreement on the question, but it does not seem that there was a general attempt to disguise the party as Indians.
    2
  9959. I had not heard the story. I may do an episode on it. While some sources say 1861, the murder occurred in 1863- confirmed in period newspapers.
    2
  9960. Off the cuff speeches are called impromptu speeches. Speeches with limited preparation are called extemporaneous speeches. Extemporized armor is different than improvised armor in the way the terms are usually used. Extemporized armor is a scratch built or converted vehicle. Improvised armor is usually field modified additions to an existing armored fighting vehicle. The Thornycroft Bison is extemporized armor. Adding sandbags to the outside of an M4 Sherman is improvised armor,.
    2
  9961. The placement of the ad is in the contract. Advertisers are understandably less willing to pay for ads that are easier to skip. Sponsorships are extremely important to our revenue, and we are both grateful for their support and sincere in our endorsement.
    2
  9962.  @snapdragon6601  “Fighting Joe” Wheeler
    2
  9963. Second Anglo-Boer war story here: https://youtu.be/pkR3DqnXhIk
    2
  9964. True- digital is generally ether great picture or no picture.
    2
  9965. The initial invasion of Operation Dragoon included a similar number of combat troops in the landing. But Operation overlord was significantly larger overall, eventually including more than two million allied personnel. There are also arguments for Operation Husky- the allied invasion of Sicily, and Operation Iceberg, the allied invasion of Okinawa. While either may be seen as larger by measurements of the initial number of troops landed and the size of the fleet supporting them, neither came close to the size and scope of Overlord. However, the proposed Operation Downfall- the invasion of Japan- was significantly larger than Overlord, had it been necessary.
    2
  9966. Actually, only very rarely.
    2
  9967. I don't control the ads Google plays.
    2
  9968. Ten minutes is too grueling for you? Your short attention span is not my problem.
    2
  9969. No, the ambassador to Siam was a different Danial Sickles.
    2
  9970. Jenn Righter we have a house full. But they appear when they feel like it, not when it would be convenient...
    2
  9971. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGi-qJ9yauSq1ugvddQZoyQQ
    2
  9972. LOL
    2
  9973. I assure you, they were collected without any great deal of financial wherewithal.
    2
  9974. Tyre had previously endured a siege for thirteen years, while Alexander's siege lasted short of eight months.
    2
  9975. Generally they are easier to protect- it is easy to sink a lone wandering freighter.
    2
  9976. Thank you!
    2
  9977. Thank you!
    2
  9978. In fact, Johnston’s search was much delayed by malaria.
    2
  9979. I love the film, but am embarrassed to say that I have never read the novel.
    2
  9980. The graphic is correct. Sorry for the error.
    2
  9981. False Keys were made using a skeleton key and a wax impression of the lock.
    2
  9982. I have no idea. I don’t get topics from other channels.
    2
  9983. The Super Guppies were significantly more modified than the original. The second version, called the “Super Guppie Turbine” or “SGT” used Allison 501 D22C turboprop engines.
    2
  9984. We've mentioned him several times, but not done one on him directly yet.
    2
  9985. LOL good point.
    2
  9986. Thank you for your service!
    2
  9987. How could we understand the controversy today if we did not know the history?
    2
  9988. I suspect they did not see it.
    2
  9989. The same is true of people.
    2
  9990. Foxy fox the videos are five to ten minutes long.
    2
  9991. Foxy fox fair point. They have stretched a bit since I created the channel.
    2
  9992. Prohibition was an interesting experiment, and it is interesting to watch the arguments made by both sides.
    2
  9993. Jezrel Carvellida That is a legend about USS Obannon- a Fletcher class destroyer. No, no potatoes were thrown (at least according to the captain.) We might do an episode, yes.
    2
  9994. They played at the International Amphitheater in Chicago in September, 1964.
    2
  9995. Some about that in this episode: https://youtu.be/Du2immnK25A?si=cc9_rYtMJMqLhTl_
    2
  9996. The ship construction would have been quite similar.
    2
  9997. The offspring were paired with different animals in multiple zoos.
    2
  9998. I lived in AZ at the time and saw it on the news. Big black triangle.
    2
  9999. https://youtu.be/n3RkQqXvvCQ
    2
  10000. But I did.
    2
  10001. John Serton while she grounded on a reef, she later slipped off the reef and sank to the harbor floor. She was no longer afloat.
    2
  10002. Yes. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/10727565/timothy-dexter
    2
  10003. It was 1973 and mentioned in the conclusion.
    2
  10004. The Magellan people may answer, but I would personally say there are quite a number of documentaries on Magellan that would have engaged my daughter at that age.
    2
  10005. We are still using the suggestions@TheHistoryGuy.net email box. We very much appreciate suggestions, but please do understand that we get them in the many tens of thousands in a year, and we can only sort and respond to them so much.
    2
  10006. Yup.
    2
  10007. That is one of the two theories- although it also could spontaneously combust due to humidity. It is fragile and volatile stuff.
    2
  10008. The flu existed long before and ever since. However, generally, the 1918 influenza is considered to have had it's last "wave" in early 1919. But yes, flu epidemics continued to occur, and continued to kill.
    2
  10009. His story is in this episode: https://youtu.be/tLwyfFT5VF8?si=JpYrlKKTIuFYNmuL
    2
  10010. The Omaha class certainly had its faults.
    2
  10011. Only the young plants can be used as forage.
    2
  10012. Thank you!
    2
  10013. Simply put, he flew a lot.
    2
  10014. Yes, it is
    2
  10015. Progressive is relative to his time, not ours.
    2
  10016. The Confederate Congress authorized one, but the medals were never produced due to a metal shortage. Instead they had a unique recognition called the “roll of honor.”
    2
  10017. Rome also used a measure based on the accession of consuls in the pre-Christian era. I have not done an episode yet on the topic.
    2
  10018. No double needed. He accomplishes plenty of stunts.
    2
  10019. It was never officially called St Stephen's Tower. Prior to being renamed the Elizabeth Tower it was officially only called the "clock tower." The smaller tower that covers the entrance to parliament is named St Stephen's tower, and Victorian journalists tended to refer to anything coming from the House of Commons as "coming from St Stephens" since MP originally sat in St Stephen's Hall. While the large bell is named Big Ben (and was, apparently, named so since it was created,) the name has always been popularly used to refer to the entire tower, a metonymy that even the official page of Parliament acknowledges. https://www.parliament.uk/bigben
    2
  10020. Jeffrey Robinson we certainly don’t intend any insult to the Navajo or Apache people. Those names are the ones used by their tribal organizations.
    2
  10021. Although it had fewer victims, the crash in Wichita was notable for the number of deaths on the ground. I may well do an episode on it.
    2
  10022. Crazy little plane- it left the wheels behind and just slid along the ground when it tried to land. It had a tendency to explode when fueling. I've seen the one on display at the National Museum of the United States Air Force and another that is on display at the United Sates Sir Force Academy.
    2
  10023. You can view the video of Bessie Coleman here: https://youtu.be/XCgdU2oHt_0 The podcast is in response to many of our fans who like to listen to stories of history while working or traveling. The channel will continue to post videos on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday for those who prefer a visual experience. Thank you for being a fan!
    2
  10024. Yes, beaver nickels.
    2
  10025. LOL. What'd you do Ray?
    2
  10026. Here is the pilot telling the story himself: https://twistedsifter.com/videos/an-sr-71-blackbird-pilot-recounts-his-infamous-la-speed-check-story/
    2
  10027. Tureco Muerde it is used in many parts of the space program.
    2
  10028. There is no part of this story where it would not have been terrifying to look out the window.
    2
  10029.  Herbert Norkus  That is really what has kept us from doing an episode. I don't have better answers than anyone else.
    2
  10030. RCAFpolarexpress yes, although we recently made the shift to digital, requiring converter boxes. In fact, there has been a minor resurgence in the use of antennas by so called “cable-cutters.”
    2
  10031. Was scheduled to speak at TankFest at The Tank Museum in Bovington, but was cancelled this year. Hopefully 2021!
    2
  10032. Yes, the channel has improved with time.
    2
  10033. Except that he was the Emperor of Persia?
    2
  10034. I could do many hundreds of these really. We’ll see how many I get to.
    2
  10035. Photos in the public domain are not always highest resolution. We do the best we can.
    2
  10036. Billy Sargent www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    2
  10037. Actually two Bugs Bunny cartoons.
    2
  10038. Kelz Felder quite possibly yes
    2
  10039. I was not "making statements," I was quoting a published study. The issue was price fixing, which prevented competition, which prevented passing on savings that likely would have caused increases in overall trade. The fact is that, after the gauge change, some traffic switched from coastal steamships to trains, but overall trade did not increase. That is a surprising result given the increased efficiency that resulted from the shift. That does seem to indicate that pocketing savings rather than passing some percentage on as would be the result of truly free markets limited the impact on overall trade. It also suggests that the Railroads may have seen greater overall profits had they focused on increasing trade. The study I mention is available here: https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=50869
    2
  10040. It is a fantastic museum run by legit good people. We have loved working with IMS.
    2
  10041. MrPh30 I don't know if he was related. He was Scottish, and came to America with the British Army during the French and Indian war. But there isn't a lot of record on his parentage. He used the name "St. Clair," but it might well have been Sinclair in Scotland. But Arthur St. Clair came from humble beginnings and George Sinclair was highborn, so if there was relation, it would likely have been distant.
    2
  10042. I do- close enough that I took the photos of the graveyard myself.
    2
  10043. At the time “corn” was a general term for any kind of grain.
    2
  10044. I reply to hundreds of comments.
    2
  10045. 1stPCFerret presumably George V
    2
  10046. Carl Hacker thank you!
    2
  10047. The SS Mont-Blanc was carrying more munitions. But, the SS El Estero was docked in close proximity to far more munitions. Had the vessels and train cars in the vicinity of the SS El Estero exploded, the explosion would have been much larger than Halifax. In any case, the potential for death and destruction was much greater because New York is much larger and more densely populated.
    2
  10048. I know, right?
    2
  10049. Fair point, but if the Germans took Moscow in January of 1942, there is a good chance the Russians aren't able to fight in Stalingrad in August. Moscow was the end of Barbarossa.
    2
  10050. Fair question. No. The plural is mediums.
    2
  10051. Sliced Bread and the Second World War https://youtu.be/i7Kc6Sfla3I
    2
  10052.  @bostonrailfan2427  while both are uniformed services, neither are branches of the military.
    2
  10053. He just wasn’t ready for me to put him down.
    2
  10054. That is "Essentials of Managed Healthcare, Fourth Edition" by Peter Kongsvedt. Yes, I have, indeed, read the entire thing.
    2
  10055. I have not, so far, found an explanation for the name. I wonder, honestly, if it is named after general Power's head.
    2
  10056. What I did was directly quote a witness. That is, understandably, how it appeared to him.
    2
  10057. I do wonder if that painting was accurate.
    2
  10058. The shout out was because he recommended the topic, but will do. :)
    2
  10059. I only post on Monday, Wednesday and Friday and even then only occasionally use the This Day format.
    2
  10060. You make a fair point- multiple sources put Abraham Lincoln's annual salary in the 1840s between $1500 and $2500 a year, or roughly between $47,000 and $79,000 a year in today's dollars. That is a decent salary by any means, but not necessarily what you'd call wealthy.
    2
  10061. That is a great question. I have not been able to find a record of what happened to the acorns.
    2
  10062. They did. He was.
    2
  10063. Thank you! I found little help on the web regarding Maori pronunciation. If I do another episode on New Zealand I will definitely take you up on that.
    2
  10064. We post every Monday, Wednesday and Friday.
    2
  10065.  @jamesl9371  please research that analogy. Not only has the Supreme Court struck down the “fire in a crowded theater” standard, but it, itself, was an analogy originally used to silence people who opposed war. Whenever someone subjectively limits ideas, the principle suffers. It is a dangerous path.
    2
  10066. I don't know who quill18 is, so most likely not...
    2
  10067. The tool was invented by a forest ranger named Ed Pulaski in 1911.
    2
  10068. I did one on the Battle of Glorieta Pass, but the little known far western theater deserves to be remembered.
    2
  10069. Those dogs belong to my cousin. (alumni of the University of Colorado know where Tuli got his name.) Yes, Tuli lost his eyes to an illness and is blind, but gets along very well and is the gentlest soul you'll ever meet. Lila is younger and more energetic, and actually mostly bothers Tuli...
    2
  10070.  @ianmacfarlane1241  That dog is very happy, except when Lila won't let her sleep.
    2
  10071. What’s to explain?
    2
  10072.  @agypsychild  they just represent some of my own history really. We move things around on set all the time.
    2
  10073. You be you...
    2
  10074. Those are ARVN forces assaulting a position in the Mekong Delta in 1961.
    2
  10075. Yes, the same guy was responsible for the King James version of the Bible.
    2
  10076. S Tho The translation was not just something that happened during James’ reign. James called the commission, chose the translators, and gave them instructions. The work was most certainly a product of James, who was asking for a translation that was consistent with the doctrine of the Church of England.
    2
  10077. Repectfully, if a British of Australian YouTuber speaks with a British or Australian accent and uses British and Australian pronunciations, I don’t hear people insisting they try to sound American. In America we know the difference between a young male and a floating marker.
    2
  10078. Carbon Helix I am not, but my wife’s family is. I do the best I can with pronunciation.
    2
  10079. In the end, not at all.
    2
  10080. In general yes, the concern was that the high explosives would explode and spread radiological contamination.
    2
  10081. Everest is the tallest mountain above sea level.
    2
  10082. It was stock footage. I am sure the pun was intended.
    2
  10083. Thank you! Yes, I gave only brief mention of the Palestine campaign because I hope to do a full episode on it in the future.
    2
  10084. Ads are turned on for the episode.
    2
  10085. rpbajb I was told that by a crewman. I am not the expert myself, but I suspect the wobble came because they were only turning one screw.
    2
  10086. Bakelite is a different plastic that cane after celluloid. Unlike celluloid, Bakelite used a synthetic polymer.
    2
  10087. It is hard to say what inspired Mr Shepard, but there does seem to be a bit of a resemblance.
    2
  10088. They were formidable fighters.
    2
  10089. The definition of the term "civil war," both as it has been used in academia and in geopolitical discussion, does not require fight for control of a central government. Wars for regional independence are considered to be civil wars. Moreover, while numerous terms were used during and after the war to describe the war, both sides commonly used the term "civil war," including both Lincoln and Davis. I am not sure why we have this sudden, anachronistic discussion wherein we claim that the people fighting the war did not know what kind of war they were fighting.
    2
  10090. Actually conventional explosives are an essential part of all nuclear bombs.
    2
  10091. I rotate hats. Pulasi wore a busby.
    2
  10092. Happy Birthday!
    2
  10093. Thank you for your service. In Fact, I don't think, from the photograph of the base, that Grand Forks had a Christmas Tree- but the bombers did appear to be parked at the same angles. Thanks for the information about how quickly the fuselage would burn. The speed at which the fuselage was consumed in the 1983 accident is consistent with that. it makes it awfully difficult to believe the Air Force claim that they could have prevented the fire from burning the fuselage had the wind blown it that direction.
    2
  10094. https://youtu.be/_dQzYdFY_w4
    2
  10095. @ I thought they were The Gobblers before they were the Hokies.
    2
  10096. Thank you!
    2
  10097. That might be USS Buckley, which did lose one propeller shaft. https://youtu.be/YIBF4HwtANA
    2
  10098. What if's are known as counterfactuals, and are a legitimate part of historical discussion. We cannot possibly discuss the important of historical events if we cannot make some assumptions about what would have happened absent those events.
    2
  10099. The character originated as a proto-superman with super-human powers. He was reinvented as the detective, first as a police detective than as a gumshoe. Eventually the character was transformed into a James Bond-style super-spy. it is really an extraordinary literary character.
    2
  10100. Yes, Dr Fox was an officer of the PHSCC assigned to the Coast Guard
    2
  10101. It was more technically a burglary. But the term "bank burglary" is not commonly used.
    2
  10102. In the current situation, the hands they have passed through takes on a new meaning...
    2
  10103. Yeah, a surprising amount of duct tape is used in medieval reenactment.
    2
  10104. I could not find any record of any negative ramifications. The accident report was highly complimentary of his handling of the accident.
    2
  10105. The photos are under copyright, so I couldn't use them, but it looked to be quite a mess. https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna8321110
    2
  10106.  @f03105590  stories are not as much a problem as photographs. But we are always happy to receive episode suggestions. Suggestions@thehistoryguy.net
    2
  10107. It was the same bar- I bit off two corners. It was Belgian milk chocolate.
    2
  10108. The Model T was produced in nineteen model years. For twelve of those, black was the only color available in order to speed production. The comment about black paint was referring, of course, to that era.
    2
  10109. There are multiple references from the pilots themselves using the glass, but I don't know exactly how it was used. There would have been a few minutes max between breaking through clouds and landing, so I don;t know how much use they could have made of it.
    2
  10110. javier Díaz I’ll keep adding more. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjfb8OYuuZl0AcLdy-viAle
    2
  10111. The First People's did hunt passenger pigeons, but not in numbers great enough to affect the population. While oine study suggested that their population may have fluctuated with the food supply, the general conclusion is that the population was stable for some ten thousand years in the pre-Columbian era.
    2
  10112. He was. He moved to Indianapolis at the age of 13.
    2
  10113. It was a US Naval code being used by the attache in Alexandria.
    2
  10114. The Fisher Brothers of Fisher Body were not related to Carl G Fisher.
    2
  10115. Photos of baseball games are largely not in the Public Domain. As we respect copyright, we have limited photos to use. As noted in the description, photos are for illustration purposes only and do not necessarily represent the actual events.
    2
  10116.  @TonysMusic1974  gads no. Fair use is totally abused on YT. This is not “teaching, scholarship or research.” Not only would this not likely constitute fair use, I certainly don’t want to take on the legal liability of defending it.
    2
  10117. He did!
    2
  10118. me too!
    2
  10119. Lol- look more closely.
    2
  10120. You are telling a story wildly inconsistent with both Holden's own account and the account relayed at IWM Duxford. I have at least a dozen references indicating that the event occurred at RAF Lyneham and his position was commander of the MU, which has the title "Wing Commander." His own account, written by him in his own words says "I was correctly strapped into the cockpit (seated on the in situ parachute and ejector seat)" I have had other viewers say that they served with him, confirming that his name was Holden. His account was published in a blog by his grandson, who also uses the name Holden. I don't know if you are confusing a different event or just have your facts wrong, but none of what you claim to be inconsistent in my account actually matches the public record. This is a good reference if you need one: https://books.google.com/books?id=bGRdLl9PynIC&pg=PA223&lpg=PA223&dq=taffy+holden&source=bl&ots=kgqiamwC7p&sig=0_RYByQglVKk8uI1c5KInT_Nvr4&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjBuLau6uLdAhUM84MKHTlCCQM4ChDoATADegQIBBAB#v=onepage&q=taffy%20holden&f=false
    2
  10121. https://youtu.be/I3CODJJutW4?si=OVa0AcG7w0vx1f-t
    2
  10122. I don’t hear it.
    2
  10123. It is an October thing.
    2
  10124. I will check it out. Thank you!
    1
  10125. Everything Nick I would love to visit as well, although it is not a simple place to get to. As tourism is their primary source of income, I am sure that they would appreciate the visit!
    1
  10126. matrixi4i thank you!
    1
  10127. Ralfy Bebe that information is in the video.
    1
  10128. Ralfy Bebe the goal was the Maluku islands and a Western "spice route."
    1
  10129. armando ocampo The San Patricos: https://youtu.be/kGPITxtpChc. And yes, there will be more on the war with Mexico.
    1
  10130. armando ocampo and you can't completely understand the war with Mexico without knowing about the Princeton disaster. https://youtu.be/EsqhAJyit1M
    1
  10131. guodade I think that is a fair comment. I don't know exactly how the attitude of border states affected opinion in the deep south, but I suspect it did at least to some extent.
    1
  10132. SirRageAlot VII Bismarck was a genius in many ways. Have you seen the episode on the Battle of Sedan?
    1
  10133. Thank you!
    1
  10134. ohmitered408 thank you!
    1
  10135. Miriam Scott I am not sure what you mean- is this the Nadir Shah treasure?
    1
  10136. You have me there. I know that there are consistent rumors of British soldiers burying caches in India, and I think that some things might have been found along those lines. But I do not know of a specific lost treasure in Manipur. If you find something, I'd love to her about it!
    1
  10137. Steve Roche thank you!
    1
  10138. The only person who knew the truth of the matter died. There are reasons to question whether he deliberately wasted his shot. A duelist who wasted his shot usually shot at the ground. And it is curious that Hamilton had instructed that his letter claiming that he planned to waste the shot be destroyed if he lived. But none of that constitutes proof that his intentions were other than what he claimed. It also may be that Burr shot first and put an end to whatever plans Hamilton had. Burr was an ambitious political creature whose convictions certainly seemed to be flexible enough to adjust to whatever gave him the best political advantage. It is an interesting counterfactual to try to imagine what his administration would have been like had he prevailed in the House of Representatives in 1800.
    1
  10139. Josh Geiger yes, Hamilton's motives are not clear, but I think that Burr's motives are pretty obvious...
    1
  10140. https://youtu.be/Mx4K3MvP0wg
    1
  10141. That is an interesting story- I may do an episode on it in the future.
    1
  10142. The ACLU point is that condemnation is different than censorship. In fact, if we don't let the ideas into the marketplace, then people will not know to condemn them when they arise.
    1
  10143. A North Dakota newspaper reported that a fireman eventually shut off the fuel. But a viewer who was present at the time says that never happened. As the Air Force has never released details of the event, I can't answer as to why they were not able to turn off the fuel or extinguish the fire.
    1
  10144. James Jacocks I respectfully disagree. In fact, I can’t find a single definition that requires a fatal outcome. Standard definitions tend to focus on things like “bravery, courage, valor.” All would be fitting terms for the conduct of people who rise in the face of danger. From the perspective of the Greek heroic age, a fatal outcome was certainly not required. Perseus survived his adventures and married Andromeda. Odysseus completed his odyssey. The Greek heroes were usually born of Gods with powers beyond humans. Obviously no living human is the son of Zeus or slays mythical monsters. But even by that perspective, one could still argue the Ogg and Sullenberger were favored of the Gods based on their achieving unlikely positive outcomes. I can see the perspective that heroism requires a degree of self-sacrifice, and landing these planes was self preservation. But both captains refused to abandon their sinking aircraft until all passengers were accounted for. Personally I think they meet the definition. But, I would say, heroism is in the eye of the beholder. By any standard, though, Ogg and his crew acquitted themselves very well in extraordinary circumstances, and innocent lives were saved as a result. That is history that deserves to be remembered.
    1
  10145. There should be one.
    1
  10146. Archaeopteryx128 the species requires a wide nesting area, and cannot survive in small enclaves. The forest today is patchwork. The point is that they were adapted to survive in huge flocks. Hunting not only killed millions, but disrupted nesting, destroying entire generations. There is no particular evidence of widespread disease, which in my research did not appear as an explanation at all.
    1
  10147. Archaeopteryx128 well then experts disagree. I have reviewed several who offer explanations other than disease. The most common explanation among ornithologists is anthropogenic extinction. I appreciate the perspective, which adds to the debate. I take no position, in that I am not an ornithologist, and was explicit that the point of the episode was not to determine the cause of the extinction, but, rather, the effect. But offering your explanation as “the only plausible” ignores a huge body of scientific discussion that offers many other possibilities.
    1
  10148. We could only fit so much into one episode. We may well talk about armored trains in a future episode.
    1
  10149. Apparently so
    1
  10150. No, it is a Russian Mig high altitude pressure helmet.
    1
  10151. It seems odd, if that was the case, that such a bizarre cover story would be concocted, especially since it essentially paints the captain as a buffoon.
    1
  10152. The story of the International Harvester M1s was interesting, and we may do an episode on them some day.
    1
  10153. https://www.texasstandard.org/stories/three-texas-gulf-cities-bid-for-final-docking-place-of-battleship-texas/
    1
  10154. You are thinking of "The Year Without a Summer," which was 1815-1816 after the eruption of Tambora. So far as I know the hard winter of 1880-1881 was not related to a volcano. https://youtu.be/urYvBb7_OBM?si=kGROvbWKatYuLht3
    1
  10155. Locals pronounce it "Boys." They pronounce "Boise" differently in Oklahoma than in Idaho.
    1
  10156. It is actually thoroughly debunked. Whatever the idea of killing certain passengers, it was Titanic, not Olympic that sunk.
    1
  10157. I believe that you are talking about Hildene, which was his summer home in Manchester and has been preserved as a historic site. Robert Todd Lincoln is buried at Arlington National Cemetery.
    1
  10158. I don't control the ads at all. Those are done by Google ads, and are actually customized to the viewer, not the video. The ad topics might be impacted by our audience demographics and the fact that we are an education/history channel, but not by our video content and certainly not by any political viewpoint of our channel, which aspires to be apolitical. The bottom line, you getting Prager ads is not our decision. If you don't like the ads, you might consider subscribing to YouTube Red and not get ads on YT altogether, or subscribing to our Patreon page , where we post all our content ad free. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  10159. The model, while generally applicable to extra-tropical storms in both the northern and southern hemispheres, was developed in Norway, thus its north sea bias.
    1
  10160. The allies seem never to have placed the same emphasis on making their anti-aircraft weapons dual purpose.
    1
  10161. It’s not. Grapefruit was a natural hybridization that occurred in the wild.
    1
  10162. Edward Leffler Yes- the attack on Fort Stevens. I plan to do an episode on the various Japanese attacks on the West Coast during the Second World War.
    1
  10163. North Dakota is the more northerly of the Dakotas. South Dakota is just south of North Dakota.
    1
  10164.  @TSemasFl  Glad to help! ;)
    1
  10165. Thank you for your service.
    1
  10166. I think you mean the Exercise Target disaster. That was off Lyme Bay in Southwest England.
    1
  10167. I tried to describe how one was derived from the other, but then again, I am not a clinician nor a pharmacist. Still, the National Institutes of Health seem to imagine that willow bark includes both salicylic acid and salicin: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK501904/#:~:text=Willow%20(Salix%20sp.),available%20for%20pain%20and%20fever.
    1
  10168. I used the measurements that were used and reported in England in 1858.
    1
  10169. So they say
    1
  10170. Yes, sorry, it was the Navy Cross.
    1
  10171. https://www.universetoday.com/18943/how-should-you-pronounce-uranus/
    1
  10172. It flowed the wrong direction temporarily.
    1
  10173. I get most of them on eBay
    1
  10174. I don't believe I said 1920.
    1
  10175. Yes, Major Lidderdale recovered Tiger 131 from the Gurat Al Attach battlefield, but that was not the point of the episode.
    1
  10176. The act is more properly a burglary, but it was referred to as a robbery at the time. In fact, all sorts of theft from banks are generally referred to as bank robberies. The term “bank burglary” is simply not commonly used.
    1
  10177. Ads are how YouTube and I earn our income. I do suggest YouTube premium, which frees you of all ads for a monthly subscription.
    1
  10178. These are produced as podcasts. YT is just another posting format.
    1
  10179. Yes, the actual location of the surrender after the battle was in a home owned by Wilmer McLean.
    1
  10180. I use an app called "Viddyoze," and can make hundreds of different logoed intros. We may, at some pointy, settle on one.
    1
  10181. Yes, Davy Crockett was in the crowd. I saw no news reports specifically mentioning him as restraining Jackson
    1
  10182. I have not, no. Coronavirus seems very unlikely.
    1
  10183. That is the point between the introduction and the Magellan ad.
    1
  10184. I do plan and episode sometime, yes.
    1
  10185. I actually didn't start off wearing the bow tie- i wore one at some point and viewers responded. So yes, there are few early episodes without.
    1
  10186.  @jpaluh  thank you!
    1
  10187. Steel is an alloy, iron is an element.
    1
  10188. There were five flight crew, the rest were flight attendants.
    1
  10189. Robert Todd Lincoln had three children, Mary Lincoln, Abraham Lincoln II and Jesse Harlan Lincoln. Abraham died at age 16 from an infection. Mary had one child child, Lincoln Isham. Jesse had two children, Mary Lincoln Beckwith and Robert Todd LIncoln Beckwith. All three grandchildren died without children, ending the direct line of Abraham Lincoln.
    1
  10190. My research for the episode does not support this story-line. There were two studies- one suggesting the population fluctuated with the availability of mast, and one suggesting that the population had been stable for at least the last 20,000 years prior to the nineteenth century decline. Neither suggests a population increase due to early European settlement Fossils go back more than 100,000 years and suggest the historic range was actually once much larger including far western areas. Nothing seems to suggest that there was a population explosion of passenger ;pigeons after European incursion, and there is substantial evidence that the huge populations seen in the nineteenth century existed for tens of thousands of years before the decline. There is substantial evidence that the birds were hunted by the First Peoples, and some argument that land management practices of Native Americans affected populations by favoring trees that produced mast. But the general conclusion is that Native American populations had little effect on passenger pigeon populations.
    1
  10191. Othtor Potato I am confident that I presented the correct etymology. The cockpit is the location of a boat’s controls, and is so named because if it’s superficial resemblance to a cock fighting ring. A coxswain steers a lifeboat, not a ship (the name is derived from the French word for canoe.)
    1
  10192. I apologize for misspeaking there. That would have been a remarkable accomplishment indeed!
    1
  10193. Illinois produces more pumpkins than the next five states combined. https://patch.com/illinois/across-il/amp/30955092/illinois-again-tops-the-charts-as-americas-pumpkin-capital
    1
  10194. Thanks for watching and commenting - this video was created 5 years ago, and we have consulted with a sound technician since then.
    1
  10195. https://youtu.be/iRcDjszLaKk
    1
  10196. No European car would be 70 MPH by US EPA ratings.
    1
  10197. I apologize for the error.
    1
  10198. Quite possibly- as there is evidence that the contemporary accounts of the Tsavo lions number of kills were exaggerated. However, even modern accounts will have some of these animals killing a dozen or more people over the period of a couple of months, so the numbers stated would not be outside the realm of possibility.
    1
  10199. A Congressional Gold Medal is not the same as a Medal of Honor.
    1
  10200. Bergman.
    1
  10201. Respectfully, I do not think that 1.5 minutes of your time is too much to ask to support the channel. I do not think that fair compensation for my efforts is selling myself short. Rather the opposite.
    1
  10202. That was my mistake- they are 650 inches.
    1
  10203.  @fhuber7507  that is entirely up to the cats.
    1
  10204. I am doing a series based on my hat collection exclusive for patron on Patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  10205. They could have surrendered their ship and saved their lives. By fighting (and dying) they saved other lives. I don't agree with your disdain of the Merchant marine, who risked their lives as much as others.
    1
  10206. Joseph Kane the information in the episode is correct and accurate. Your complaint that Merchant Mariners made too much money for your taste does not constitute “revisionist history.” The unquestionably heroic acts of this crew is not “post facto glorification.” The naval armed guard reservists were serving military like any other. These men fought when they were not required to, even when they were not trained or paid to. They sunk a German surface ship far better armed than they were. That sinking is something that no US Naval vessel accomplished during the war. Many of this specific crew and many thousands of Merchant Mariners during the war died for their country, even thought they did not sign on for combat. They were protected from the draft, like many in essential services, because their service was critical to the war effort. They sailed despite the risks. But you feel “disdain” because you think their pension was too big? This is not a video demanding that the Merchant Marine be treated as veterans. It is a historical account of an action at sea. If you want to rail about your “disdain” for the Merchant Marine this is YouTube, you are free to post whatever you feel. Your complaint here is not related to the historical account, but to some agenda you carried forward. That, sir, is not my concern.
    1
  10207. Good lord....
    1
  10208. It is, at least, unproven that the animal was shot to death, and its body was never found.
    1
  10209. I misspoke, I apologize. The surrender was in 1800.
    1
  10210. I beg to differ, but the largest battle fought west of the Mississippi was the battle of Westport. https://youtu.be/xzXKTJTephE?si=h_p-rCadgonYUcuY
    1
  10211. It was a wig
    1
  10212. Good point, and it is a great piece of rhetoric. But the dissolution of the Soviet union was only part of the story, and i could only spend so much time there.
    1
  10213. Correct, he never suggested the turkey as the national bird.
    1
  10214. There is a perennial argument over whether battle cruisers were cruisers or battleships . The British battle cruisers seemed to be what other nations would call a battleship, and the US "Fast battleships" used essentially the same philosophy as battle cruisers. And, of course, Lexington was built as an aircraft carrier rather than a battle cruiser as a result of the Washington Naval Conference limits. I got into a rather spirited argument on the subject once, as some claim the USS Washington is the only battleship to have sunk another battleship in direct combat during World War II. But that is only true if you call HMS Hood a battle cruiser and not a battleship. But, in this context, both the Lexington class battle cruisers and the Oregon class cruisers were designed for 35 knots, and the Wickes class destroyers were built to match that speed.
    1
  10215. Big Blue there is a lot of fascinating archaeology at the battlefield. It is a very good battlefield to visit.
    1
  10216. Thanks. The THG with bowtie has been the channel watermark (bottom right corner) on every video for a couple years now.
    1
  10217. Understand, the experiment was an attempt to reduce a hurricane’s strength. The theory being tested would not work to create, steer, or make a hurricane stronger.
    1
  10218. https://youtu.be/-KonIudN2F4
    1
  10219. Patrick DeGeorge the Illinois Military Museum has not had it out on display lately. That is Santa Anna’s leg.
    1
  10220. We draw information from numerous sources- much of this episode was taken from period newspapers. My history degree is from the University of Colorado at Boulder.
    1
  10221. I wouldn't say that it is new. The culture largely derives from Tahitian practice, and likely was always part of Pitcairn culture.
    1
  10222. It certainly would have been useful at the time.
    1
  10223. One of them, yes.
    1
  10224. I have since shifted to a shotgun mic and the sound is much improved.
    1
  10225. There was a review and Conningham was exonerated.
    1
  10226. The film is in the public domain. According to the film, covering yourself with a newspaper is helpful. https://archive.org/details/ArcherProductionsInc
    1
  10227. https://youtu.be/_Uu6GULBKVM?si=i5QX3YAAhLaKARFT
    1
  10228. Dale Cornelius yes, we’ll have an episode on Lovejoy
    1
  10229. At first Vickers guns were not available, so the first eight used the Colt. Correct, those are Vickers MGs in the photos.
    1
  10230. I made a deliberate choice to stick with BC/AD because my audience is more familiar with that nomenclature. Honestly, I find the discussion frivolous. On YouTube I get complaints either way, which seems an utter waste of time. Either way the date is the same. The BCE/CE nomenclature was created to adjust for people who were not Christians. I get that. I don’t want to turn people away from the study of history. But history is history. Regardless of your religious belief, the date is based on the calculations of Dionysius Exiguus, and he was searching for the date of the birth of Christ, not some “common era.” The date is the same either way. Removing the history of how it was determined to feed some personal sensitivity never made sense to me. If I am aiming at “academic circles” I’ll respect the language expectations.
    1
  10231. The 27th and 31st infantry regiments were both part of the force sent to Siberia.
    1
  10232. This is the first more or less official two-parter. We've had others that tie together. I think this episode dos stand on its own. It is a different story than what happened in South America.
    1
  10233. c182SkylaneRG yeah, the movie has them charge what appears to be an entire regiment of the Bolivian army. That is not quite what happened...
    1
  10234. Not at all. It was heavily reported at the time and the trials were well known. There were three times as many soldiers lining the streets at the funeral than were at the celebration for the King's birthday.
    1
  10235. Thank you!
    1
  10236. Eurotrash4367 no story really. I bought a lot containing vintage military photos on eBay, and that picture was included- clearly a page taken from a photo album. I don’t know who he was, but it made me sad that his picture was not with family. I put him on the wall because I figure that he deserves to be remembered.
    1
  10237. Thank you!
    1
  10238. Correct- my mistake.
    1
  10239. That is an early picture of Alden K Sibley, who would later become a Major General. https://youtu.be/cFHU0ElBwBg
    1
  10240. But it was actually true- from my bank. I am not kidding, or just selling something, when I say the things have become so common it is crazy.
    1
  10241. I haven't done the enu war because there are already quite a few videos about it on YT.
    1
  10242. Creators are allowed to use sponsored content. YouTube Red only applies to Google ads. I will not apologize for earning fair compensation for my work.
    1
  10243. Yes, that is one of my cats. Lucky Star is the star of this video: https://youtu.be/Vk6ge4-XUMk
    1
  10244. I don't know- something a Japanese pilot had put in his plane. That was from a Japanese propaganda film.
    1
  10245. I have had several people mention the Battle off Samar, which was a n amazing engagement. My only concern is that it is relatively well known for a channel on forgotten history.
    1
  10246. Thank you!
    1
  10247. That was film from the movie. The movie has a shtick where the raiders paint a US flag on the roof of the building to get the Japanese to bomb it.
    1
  10248. I am, in no way, representing myself as being affiliated with that channel.
    1
  10249. How is my attitude cheap? I was certainly trying to pay homage to very brave Indian soldiers in this episode. It has never been my intent to belittle the Indian people in any way.
    1
  10250. I have an episode on the CAP subchasers for my Patreon subscribers. www.Patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  10251. Do you mean the Cracker-Jack or the overseas cap? I haven't generally collected overseas caps because they are somewhat more difficult to display.
    1
  10252. I think that is well explained- when selecting for traits, flavor was low on the list.
    1
  10253. That is a fair question. But the core of the definition of hero is heroism, and these were brave men. I feel the term is fairly used, although I understand the complaint.
    1
  10254. Robert had three children and three grandchildren, but the grandchildren all died without issue, ending Abraham Lincoln's direct line.
    1
  10255. Reportedly there is a project in the works. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4703374/
    1
  10256. https://youtu.be/BElQES_Dh0Q
    1
  10257. From the Greek word Kilo, meaning one thousand.
    1
  10258. There is. https://youtu.be/aiRkoEn6me4
    1
  10259. I am sorry to have misspoken.
    1
  10260. Paul Kolodner sorry for the error.
    1
  10261. To be fair, China was causing more than a bit of suffering at the time.
    1
  10262.  @RobinMarks1313  Put simply, Tibet might disagree that the CIA was the bad guy in this case.
    1
  10263.  @RobinMarks1313  I do history, not politics. But I do personally think that your analysis is more than a little one-sided.
    1
  10264. March 6, 1646 was a Tuesday.
    1
  10265. Wow! I would say that sounds more like a maned wolf, but those are from South America.
    1
  10266.  @beowulfshaeffer8444  I honestly might be wrong there, the Hot Gates were a natural choke point that saw a lot of action.
    1
  10267. Pocky did think he had better things to be doing.
    1
  10268. Typhoons, hurricanes and tropical cyclones (the generic term) are all the same type of storm, with the only difference being location. The measurement system is the same. NOAA describes these types of storms: “A tropical cyclone is a generic term used by meteorologists to describe a rotating, organized system of clouds and thunderstorms that originates over tropical or subtropical waters and has closed, low-level circulation.”
    1
  10269. It was an early episode- I hadn't settled on the ties yet.
    1
  10270. The movie was based on a fictional novel in which the destroyer was British.
    1
  10271. The Day-Glo orange was used for high visibility. It was often used on test-beds.
    1
  10272. Thank you!
    1
  10273. As I mention in the episode, the accounts from the other side were taken years after the battle, and contradict each-other. They were also somewhat skewed by politics, as some had reasons to say what their interviewers wished to hear. I certainly do not mean to denigrate their role or their victory, but those accounts do leave many questions unanswered. There are quite a number of opinions about how the battle occurred (some available in this string.) One of the reasons that the battle is so famous is that the details are scant enough to leave plenty of room for armchair historians to debate. I do not take any particular stand on the details of the battle, except to note the circumstances in which Keogh's body was found.
    1
  10274. Sorry to hear of your loss
    1
  10275. Actually stahl helms- very WWII ish
    1
  10276. Most did not have fuses on them- those were put in later before when the bomb was prepared. But the cluster bombs did. There is disagreement, but some chemists argue that, due to the components used, corrosion on the fuses might actually make them more unstable.
    1
  10277. I have not made an episode yet, no. It was an incredibly brave act, i am sure I will get an episode out at some point.
    1
  10278. It means not a mountain, but a mountain range. Go argue the point with Ansel Adams.
    1
  10279. Because you are mistaken. That is an Armstrong Whitworth Albermarle. I believe you’ll find that the aesthetically similar Handley Page Halifax has four engines.
    1
  10280. My books are out-of-date and out-of-print old textbooks. There are of so many books on WWII it is hard to make recommendations. Paul Woodadge's "Angels of Mercy" is awesome if you haven't read it.
    1
  10281. Yes, those couple of clips were British ships at Okinawa. The footage is from this classic navy film at about 4:50. But the narration doesn't make clear which ship it is- maybe HMS King George V? https://archive.org/details/gov.dod.dimoc.23819
    1
  10282.  @andynieuwenhuis7833  The Halifax Explosion and the Boston Christmas Tree https://youtu.be/_Uu6GULBKVM
    1
  10283. Thank you!
    1
  10284. The Dr is saying that we need to observe bad people so that we can feel better about ourselves. He isn't being pro-serial-killer.
    1
  10285. The NC-4 was the first aircraft to make a trans-Atlantic crossing. Nothing misleading about it. But Alcock and Brown's flight quickly took the attention. Alcock and Brown's flight is mentioned in this episode: https://youtu.be/swIev-LlORQ
    1
  10286. There was also a film clip of the Queen Mary entering New York Harbor.
    1
  10287. It is just a hat display that I picked up at an antique store. It is glass, not crystal.
    1
  10288. The painting is generally assumed to be in reference to the work on the sewers,
    1
  10289. https://youtu.be/nbZnrseHihI
    1
  10290. I suspect that New Horizons would have noticed Na'morha had it been there. Perhaps Yuggoth is the notorious “Planet 9” that astronomers are searching for.
    1
  10291. I suspect that New Horizons would have noticed Na'morha had it been there. Perhaps Yuggoth is the notorious “Planet 9” that astronomers are searching for.
    1
  10292. Yes, it was a dynamic era.
    1
  10293. A second lieutenant made $105 a month at the start of the Civil War, which is roughly a $36,500 annual salary in 2018 dollars. According to the US Army, basic annual pay for a second lieutenant today is $37,292.40.
    1
  10294. Thank you!
    1
  10295. At least one 1 the 1868 train robbery, but they were suspected in a number of murders.
    1
  10296. While Hawaii is often described as the most remote island chain with a sizable population center, it is not the most remote inhabited archipelago. Tristan de Cunha is hundreds of miles farther away from landfall than Hawaii is from, for example, Kiribati.
    1
  10297. Thanks for letting me know- I passed this on to our Magellan people.
    1
  10298. MWhaleK moreover, he was really seen as representing the capitalists and corporations that were most despised. But there was no opportunity for charisma in Venezuela- they were attacked essentially when they arrived. I think the same would have happened to Dulles or Eisenhower himself.
    1
  10299. LarryTheTubaBoy yes, it was mislabelled at the source. I am sorry for the mistake.
    1
  10300. Thank you!
    1
  10301. The allied just never seemed to be as interested in dual purpose AA guns.
    1
  10302. There were actually green clovers. The diamonds were white, not blue. And yes, quite possibly they were taken simply because they represented a pot of gold for the thief.
    1
  10303. They are usually made of felt.
    1
  10304. David C. Miller I was referring to Shokaku. Taiho was certainly not veteran. But it was built with an armored deck and better armored belt. One torpedo should not have sunk it.
    1
  10305. Thank you for your support!
    1
  10306. The report says "detailed stress analyses and direct strain gauge monitoring."
    1
  10307. Because this is a video on Operation Stormfury.
    1
  10308. Charles Michaels they passed it through the cockpit window and attached it to the control column.
    1
  10309. Yes on most all, I intend to have many more episodes on submarines.
    1
  10310. There are several videos available on different hats in the collection. Part of the perks of being a member on YT or a patron on Patreon are some insider looks at the hats, as well.
    1
  10311. I have not. We will research the topic. Thanks!
    1
  10312. We'll likely have an episode out on the Papago escape at some point, yes.
    1
  10313. Quite possibly. Kit Cavenaugh had a similar story: https://youtu.be/T4QN3n7WfwQ
    1
  10314. Either or both may well be episodes.
    1
  10315. If by “three minutes” you mean “around 90 seconds,” then yes. Really. It is a good product, and I appreciate them sponsoring The History Guy.
    1
  10316. I had not read about a stronger floor, but there was an aft lounge. Since the flight was lightly loaded, it was closed, but two of the flight attendants were in there.
    1
  10317. Stephen Britton I am not sure which you mean. There is a WWII vintage US Merchant Marine officer cover just over my shoulder, and an Army Transportation Service line petty officer hat just above that. I do have a really nice WWII vintage USMS hat with an enameled APL home-line flag, but it isn’t pictured in this episode.
    1
  10318. pec0629 yup, you caught me. I couldn’t find a photo of the 1940s headquarters.
    1
  10319. We produce about twelve videos a month, usually two of which will be sponsored. Why not just watch the other ten? I do not understand at all the vehement hatred of sponsored content. But, even then, we most certainly produce ample content without.
    1
  10320. The location was, apparently, once a bathing place on the lake.
    1
  10321. I misspoke. I apologize.
    1
  10322. methanbreather In this case, the acquisition of Oregon meant settling a boundary dispute with Great Britain. I am not taking a stand on American expansion, but your comment is somewhat excessive in this case.
    1
  10323. Thank you!
    1
  10324. shabott45 I would be more than happy to. Do you have any you would suggest?
    1
  10325. blacksmith67 I used the Kiribati pronunciation, which is most commonly used by current historians.
    1
  10326. dandan771616 I checked multiple pronunciation guides. The one used in the video is how Kiribati officially says it is supposed to be pronounced. I am not trying to insult anyone using that pronunciation. The rule that we have learned on this channel is that no matter how you pronounce something, you pronounced it wrong.
    1
  10327. I have not talked about the academy, but I have talked about the merchant marine. https://youtu.be/3JKBKXIMGNE
    1
  10328. LOL
    1
  10329. I think you are probably talking the Battle off Samar.
    1
  10330. Thank you!
    1
  10331. Mitchell's contribution, although significant to both Army and Navy aviation, came much later.
    1
  10332. It is more complex than that. They pled guilty, but later claimed that it was because the state threatening to deport Mrs Heene. To this day they maintain their innocence.
    1
  10333. With the difference being that the episode accurate represents events.
    1
  10334. These are classic videos- made years ago. Yes, I have moderated my speaking pace since.
    1
  10335. I can't. Their extraordinary resourcefulness is truly historic.
    1
  10336. Shaun Rodgers during the Second World War it was the Royal Indian Navy, with started as the navy of the Royal East India Company. It was a separate commonwealth force. After independence, the ships of the RIN were partitioned between the Indian Navy and the Royal Pakistan Navy.
    1
  10337. He also did it in Real Genius. I would not claim to be as smooth as Val Kilmer, but I am much better with a slightly smaller coin. The challenge coin is a tad awkward. I prefer a Morgan dollar.
    1
  10338. LOL, He didn't get near the Lightning's top speed.
    1
  10339. I don’t control the Google ads, but that is interesting.
    1
  10340. Pretty much yes. I don't know if that was some fear that she could see the future, or mere the fear that she might reveal secrets to advance her career.
    1
  10341. Both are used to flavor licorice.
    1
  10342. That is a fair point. The vast majority of references on the treasure fleet quote the supposed 400 + foot number, but there is good reason to find it implausible. Still, descriptions make it clear that the boats were impressive in size and sophisticated in design.
    1
  10343. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjsQhkGslJuB3pRlmo_ppLV
    1
  10344. The movie was called "The Blockhouse." It was fictional, but possibly based on a story that was reported in Poland in June, 1951 claiming that a German soldier had survived being trapped in a food bunker for six years. There is reason to doubt the story, however, as the supposed survivor quickly disappeared, and their name was never recorded.
    1
  10345. Dr Fox was an officer in the US Public Health Service Commissioned Corps. The dress uniform is the Coast Guard uniform with PHSCC insignia. While the cover looks like a USN hat on first glance, actually that is the fouled anchor insignia of the PHSCC. The most obvious difference is that the badge is entirely gold, not gold anchors with silver eagle and shield.
    1
  10346. Look up "The History Guy: History deserves to be Remembered" or use this link: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4sEmXUuWIFlxRIFBRV6VXQ You can see all my episodes listed, or choose entire playlists by similar topic or search within the channel.
    1
  10347. Take a trip with The History Guy to Washington DC: Washington DC 2024 Trip: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdJLfQ5hzRgRIOfnDxSRFK4BckxWuDG27jr-FZRurWfTbE4Fw/viewform
    1
  10348. Thank you!
    1
  10349. Respectfully, Masterworks is a legitimate alternative investment company and it is factually incorrect to call them a "scam."
    1
  10350. Correct. Thank you.
    1
  10351. traderjoes but civil unrest still sells newspapers.
    1
  10352. "The Immortal Garrison" was produced in 1956, and "Fortress of war" was produced in 2010.
    1
  10353.  @WoodHughes  I don’t see how I reinforce any such “myth.” But what possible alternative did Lincoln or Buchanan have to resupplying the fort? The only “negotiated way forward” was to allow the secession. Again, I don’t think that anyone disagrees that the Federals were fighting to preserve the union.
    1
  10354. https://www.youtube.com/redirect?event=video_description&redir_token=QUFFLUhqbjFaVjFfR0JobXFGcnNSanRJVlYyWmZYUk1iQXxBQ3Jtc0tsMnZXTlMyTEVDMVYxNUpScy1GRXJrVjBDWDUzcE5fbmhVdDdvSzY0RE56TW5Qb3lqYThLajNFZmFkSk1sNjJzU3luZHNtU0llVTFDVGgySWsxY1BtaTNzR3B0M0ZIZWxuUmU3NG5qeWhqOGY2clRjNA&q=https%3A%2F%2Fmy.trovatrip.com%2Fpublic%2Fl%2Fsurvey%2FTheHistoryGuy&v=6JxvYkejUp4
    1
  10355. The Spanish word barbacoa was derived from the Taino word.
    1
  10356. It's mentioned. Check right around 6:30
    1
  10357. Timed merely because this is the anniversary of the burning of Richmond.
    1
  10358. Happy Birthday!
    1
  10359. I think there were several reasons for not taking the gatling guns, which, before the advent of smokeless powder, tended to jam. I think the most direct concern was that the guns would slow the column down, but a sign at Fort Laramie suggests that they were also prone to break down and often in disrepair.
    1
  10360. PapaPat .Patterson “Wrong Way” Roy Riegels- he advanced a fumble the wrong direction in the 1929 Rose Bowl.
    1
  10361. No, not a primary driver, just part of a slow escalation of the question of nullification and federal supremacy.
    1
  10362. John A it was, yes.
    1
  10363. You did, although Coolidge is not wearing a boater in the pic of the two together.
    1
  10364. Andrew Dillon oops- I left one open- sorry! I switch them around, so it is not a specific hat missing.
    1
  10365. That's great! She was certainly a very interesting lady. Where had you heard of her?
    1
  10366. They had a story on it.
    1
  10367. No.
    1
  10368. Yes, quite the thunderstorm last night.
    1
  10369. Raus is clear that it was a KV-1 and distinguished it from a KV-2. It mounted the same 76mm gun as the T-34. The KV-2 was an assault tank, ungainly with a slow traverse and a much less well-armored turret. It was also rare- In 1941 there were more than ten times as many KV-1s as KV-2s.
    1
  10370. We understand that not all viewers prefer sponsored content. Respectfully, we are not “sneaking.” The very first thing you see is a clear statement that the video is sponsored. If you look at your YouTube premium contract, you will see it only applies to Google ads, not sponsorships. We ask that you understand that is is a business, that production takes a significant amount of time and effort, and that sponsors are a significant source of our income. It is neither indecent nor disrespectful to seek fair compensation for that effort. We typically only accept two sponsored ads a month, and only accept sponsorships from products we sincerely endorse. If you do not like the sponsored ads, you can become a channel member or become a supporter at TheHistoryGuyGuild.locals.com where we provide versions without the sponsored content. Or you may choose to enjoy the usually ten episodes we produce a month that do not include sponsored content.
    1
  10371. No, the Kitty Hawk had nuclear weapons on board, but was not nuclear powered.
    1
  10372. The contribution of the INA came late in the battle, and had no significant effect on the battle. I don't mean to dis your history books, but "fought between INA with Japanese support" is a completely inaccurate presentation of their role in the battle. The story of the INA is very interesting, and I hope to do an episode on the INA some day. But the INA did not become involved in the battle until towards the end of May, and by then the Japanese were largely in retreat.
    1
  10373. Lol
    1
  10374. According to the National Park Service, the name was both a play on the colonial Minutemen and the approximately one minute to launch: https://www.nps.gov/articles/minuteman-icbm.htm#:~:text=Remotely%20controlled%20from%20underground%20launch,Hence%20the%20name%20Minuteman.
    1
  10375. I avoid current politics, but absolutely agree that the controversy represents changing views on history as seen through the prism of the current times.
    1
  10376. Refueling was new- it took two KB-29s to fill up.
    1
  10377. In fact, Sweden also invaded Russia- at the end of the eighteenth century.
    1
  10378. No, I do not agree that the classic bowtie is in any way similar to or an analogy for a mullet.
    1
  10379. Umm- several...I think in the fifty-ish range.
    1
  10380. Thank you!
    1
  10381. I tie them
    1
  10382. Thank you!
    1
  10383. Certainly socialists were courting the Black community, but how does that change the meaning of these events? These were cases where entire neighborhoods were burned, dozens, sometimes hundreds of people were murdered with no effort made to determine if they were "soviet sympathizers." The man throwing rocks at Eugene Williams was not asking political viewpoints, nor was Will Brown being lynched and burned because of W.E.B. DuBois. No matter your feeling about the socialist views of unions, the sharecroppers in Elaine had apparently legitimate complaints, and, according to the US Constitution, a right to band together to address those complaints. And this nation does not seem to have been built on the premise that it is OK to randomly murder people for being "socialist." The accusers were deflecting from terrible events with a point that neither explains nor excuses those events.
    1
  10384. The two previous "modern games" used judges from the host country as well. France won twice as many medals as any other country when the games were held in France in 1900, and Greece did the same when they hosted in 1896. Those trends were not new.
    1
  10385. Troy Theriot the rules at the time did not require inspections between filghts
    1
  10386. nocalsteve Aloha was doing the required checks, but the NTSB identified numerous problems with the timing of the checks (mostly done at night,) the training and supervision of maintenance personnel, and the equipment. There was a dissenter on the review board who argued that the report was too critical of Aloha since the cracks would have been too difficult to identify. The panels were laminated with epoxy, which was supposed to bear the brunt of stresses. But the cold bonding process that had been used ended up trapping water, which caused corrosion, and eventually caused the panels to delaminate. This put the stress on the rivets, which had micro-fractures due to corrosion. The airworthiness directives addressed inspections, crew training and supervision, equipment, and various types of preventative alterations on panel joints on aging aircraft.
    1
  10387. Sharon Mullins he was not. He was a German Shepherd named “Highball.” He was not shot, but he was so disturbed from the shooting that he had to be put down.
    1
  10388. It was a sign of respect.
    1
  10389. Happy Belated Birthday!
    1
  10390. Of course he did. The speech was given March 8, 1983 to the national association of evangelicals.
    1
  10391. Added to our list.
    1
  10392. That was my line, I wasn’t quoting at that point.
    1
  10393. Two of his children survived to adulthood (his son died at age 16.) He had three grandchildren, but none of them had children.
    1
  10394. Those were Congreve rockets used by the Royal navy. They are in interesting story themselves, and may be the subject of a future episode.
    1
  10395. Yes pirates- one of the cannons belonged to Jean Lafitte.
    1
  10396. https://www.hbs.edu/faculty/Pages/item.aspx?num=50869
    1
  10397. Yes, there will likely be an episode on the pig ear in the future.
    1
  10398. LOL
    1
  10399. Jay Bee all good ideas. There is actually a painting of Von Steuben in this episode...
    1
  10400. I do mention it briefly at the end. But, understand, YouTube will not allow you to monetize a video about a school shooting.
    1
  10401. timdgsr they have been more widely available since roughly the 1990s. But for decades were largely unknown in the US.
    1
  10402. The name was actually "equites," and I think I mispronounced it in the episode. I apologize for that. The name derives from the Latin "equus," meaning "horse," and simply means a solder wealthy enough to afford their own horse. The sword is a reproduction Union Staff Officer saber. Someday I will acquire an original ;)
    1
  10403. peter okeefe lol I would definitely choose swords over a boat. Without a sword, how do you repel boarders?
    1
  10404. Largely due to the foresight of Carl Vinson: https://youtu.be/EpqtsvHMk_E
    1
  10405. Don't forget boxing day!
    1
  10406. I was going to mention the New River project, but it was too far off topic. maybe that will be the topic of a future episode.
    1
  10407. Don't all good stories involve pirates?
    1
  10408. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjsRc1-OGew_L9SHpfcOKXu
    1
  10409. Pocky* 🐈‍⬛
    1
  10410.  @Stinky.Stickleback  to the contrary, Wargaming has taken financial loss to move operations in protest of the war. https://www.polygon.com/23009709/wargaming-world-of-tanks-leaving-belarus-russia-ukraine-invasion
    1
  10411. The only link I intended was to say how much experience we had with jet aircraft. You are correct that the issues with the Comet were structural.
    1
  10412. I think that you may be confusing Mary I of England with Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots.
    1
  10413. Death Hunt, released in 1981. Very loosely based on the Mad Trapper.
    1
  10414. Thank you!
    1
  10415. Jim B. https://teespring.com/historyguyhat?pid=764&cid=103373
    1
  10416. I did not see that in the research for the episode, but would not be surprised if it were true.
    1
  10417. This is our only episode on her. Maybe another channel?
    1
  10418. Yes- the movie was loosely based upon the Mad Trapper story.
    1
  10419. Yes, the movie was released in 1943 as, essentially, a propaganda film. Carlson was the technical adviser. The film is in the Public Domain, and I used several shots in the video- you can see Randolph Scoot in several places. The film did take some artistic license, notably making the raid seem much more organized than it turned out to be in reality.
    1
  10420. That is called "Highway Wildflowers," and is in the YouTube audio library.
    1
  10421. That was my error. The guns are 650 inches long.
    1
  10422. Pookie. He passed away not long after making this video.
    1
  10423. They were often made of felted beaver fur, but usually still finished with silk for the shine.
    1
  10424. Tomatillos are in the nightshade family, not closely related to gooseberries. They are closely related to the Peruvian fruit commonly call cape gooseberry, but that plant is also not closely related gooseberries. However, as gooseberries are quite sour, some culinary experts do recommend them as a tomatillo substitute.
    1
  10425. Ian Davidson honestly, William Melville-Evans did not generally seem to think so. But he may simply have been too modest to emphasize his own suffering.
    1
  10426. Yes, Death Hunt was loosely based on the Mad Trapper story.
    1
  10427. The movie was called “Tank.”
    1
  10428. Sadly, we are no longer together.
    1
  10429. gareth Croson lol fair point.
    1
  10430. Fairisle has an interesting history itself. As it is almost literally exactly between Shetland and Orkney, and often described as "the most geographically remote inhabited island in the United Kingdom," I can see why the inhabitants might see it as neither Shetland nor Orkney. The current ownership by the National Trust for Scotland really does set the island apart administratively as well. The isle does seem, however, to have been included when Christian I pawned Shetland.
    1
  10431. Yes. It is a shocking number.
    1
  10432. That is an interesting question. However, the passenger pigeons preferred mast, and only ate invertebrates as a secondary food source. There were documented locust plagues at the time when the pigeons may have been at greatest numbers. While some were voicing concern about pigeon numbers by the 1870s, even in 1874 the species was still widespread. While they had distribution across the continent, the passenger pigeon primary nesting areas were eastern forests, and the grasshoppers rarely spread that far. The pigeons preferred forests, the locusts preferred plains. Having researched episodes on both, I don't think that the pigeons would have much affected the locust plagues. Despite their stunningly similar stories- massive, prolific species driven quickly to extinction,- the causes were somewhat different, although both related to habitat destruction.
    1
  10433. It was heading for America, and had many Americans and many more planning to become Americans on board.
    1
  10434. Grand Forks doesn't have a Christmas tree,- the picture of a classic Christmas Tree was at Minot AFB. GFAB has a large flat space, but my understanding is that planes were still parked in a Christmas tree formation.
    1
  10435. Rusty Nails. You could say that he was easily triggered.
    1
  10436. Conductive rubber diverts static electricity.
    1
  10437. Look up Irish folklore on changelings.
    1
  10438. My mistake. Yes, that should be 1870.
    1
  10439. It was a surprise because the only ones known to exist were only seen in the fossil record.
    1
  10440. Thank you!
    1
  10441. In this case it was lowering the enlistment age to 19. the rationale seemed to be much more about combat losses than the pandemic.
    1
  10442. Who is complaining?
    1
  10443. Wright Flyer you are correct.
    1
  10444. It is a prime candidate for "de-extinction." I wonder, though, they did not do well in captivity. Even if we could clone a pair, could we keep a population going?
    1
  10445. Presumably there is still a possibility of false alert.
    1
  10446. If you want to mail then to the History Guy I promise to display them on set.
    1
  10447.  @trjnsd6874  we’d be happy to pay the shipping
    1
  10448. Possibly
    1
  10449. My mistake- thank you for catching it!
    1
  10450. Nope, Real history
    1
  10451. That is a fair point. The article referenced was an account of the events of Lovejoy's death, and was published in the New York Times August 20, 1865. But that story was originally published in the St Louis Democrat. https://www.nytimes.com/1865/08/20/archives/killing-of-rev-ep-lovejoy-interesting-episode-in-the-early-history.html
    1
  10452. Volcanoes do release greenhouse gasses which arguably cause a warming effect eventually. The cooling effect because airborne tephra and sulfur aerosols reflect sunlight is shorter term.
    1
  10453. I've spent a good deal of time in the UK. I was describing certainly my experience there.
    1
  10454. @ you don’t say what you think I got wrong. English bacon is a leaner cut from the loin. When cut thin and cooked that is a “rasher,” which is traditionally a part of the Full English. American bacon, cut from the belly with its lines of fat is called streaky.
    1
  10455. As the episode stated, he was the US Ace of Aces. Several other allied pilots claimed more aerial victories.
    1
  10456. Correct. The media is used for illustration, as there are not always pictures available from the actual events.
    1
  10457. Thank you!
    1
  10458. I do plan to talk more on the Apache wars. I talk about the start of the Apache wars here: https://youtu.be/qdXDeP205vY
    1
  10459. We have started posting on Rumble.
    1
  10460. Presumably, quite a lot.
    1
  10461. Thank you!
    1
  10462. Juan Valdez https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGiRitPDNunBd3GaA03jy2Vm
    1
  10463. Correct, it was ACR-4.
    1
  10464. LOL- auto caption can get a bit risque.
    1
  10465. Sku11Leader I wish I knew. That is a Japanese training movie.
    1
  10466. The Woman Air Force Service Pilots have been on my list for a while. I will get an episode out on them some day.
    1
  10467. Jack Fowler the navy blue one is WWII era. The newer ones I see are either white or khaki. Yes, I am told that ranks work differently when the most important part is actually sailing the ship. I love merchant marine covers- they have a lot of variety, especially during the war.
    1
  10468. That is the point- they were desperate for contractors. Is a coffin company sillier than a pickle company?
    1
  10469. But pickle companies don't usually make anything involving airplanes, whereas coffin manufactures do make things like tooled metal. Manufacturing a coffin is a closer approximation to a metal and wood glider than manufacturing a pickle.
    1
  10470. Polo!
    1
  10471. That is actually an interesting discussion. A professor of psychology made a contention that was published on NPR that the difference was only in scent and color. But the makers, Wrigley, maintain that each of the types of Skittles has a distinct flavor.
    1
  10472. I was surprised to find that Subway doesn't have mustard as an option in the UK. I honestly am not sure what "brown" is...
    1
  10473. Aside from the renovation, the Elizabeth Tower clock rings all hours.
    1
  10474. https://youtu.be/Z_pN06ATUig
    1
  10475. Although her promises of commissions might have been government positions rather than military.
    1
  10476. States were showing that no one was watching the outtro.
    1
  10477. It was wide enough for the Altmark and a destroyer to get in. But, in trying to avoid the destroyer, the Altmark ran aground, so there was not much room.
    1
  10478. Since this video I have moved to a shotgun mic and have gotten better results.
    1
  10479. Pocky
    1
  10480. Jack Zimmer as we say in the episode, he was the first Black US Naval Aviator. The 332nd fighter group was, of course, a USAAF unit.
    1
  10481. A number of places, but mostly Ebay.
    1
  10482. None survived, but there is a full scale replica at Foynes Flying Boat Museum, County Limerick, Ireland. None were shot down, all were either lost to accident or simply scrapped after they were no longer useful.
    1
  10483. ATL Games I cannot speak for other historians or what they choose to speak about. Perhaps they don’t think the color of their skin dictates their interest. I do not feel that I am limited to speaking only to the history of people who are the same color as I am.
    1
  10484. ATL Games again, I cannot speak for other historians of any color regarding their chosen topics. I can only control what I talk about.
    1
  10485. I got that from an official Air Force description of ready alert, but it would not be a surprise if it did not match practice. To my knowledge, the warheads were not affected by the fire, no. The Air Force contends they were never at risk, although nuclear arms experts and some witnesses disagree.
    1
  10486. petethebastard but it isn’t. While the story has grown more rich- especially the understanding that 131 was captured at Guriat el Atack rather than Djebel Djaffa, it still isn’t known exactly who fired the fatal shot. While researchers at the Tank Museum posit that a shot from a Churchill was most likely, they also say that the angle from which the hit appears to have been fired could indicate the Foresters firing the captured French 75. It is still a mystery.
    1
  10487. pappybugington I got the picture on Ebay. I don’t know who it is-it is a page obviously torn from a photo album. But I thought he deserved to be remembered.
    1
  10488. https://youtu.be/yseldOMcT4Q
    1
  10489. We have not, but well may.
    1
  10490. Yes, i have seen the gravestones of those killed in the Fetterman fight at Custer Battlefield.
    1
  10491. Congratulations on the job! Wishing you success and prosperity!
    1
  10492. Thank you!
    1
  10493. Henning Klaveness it is absolutely logical. The Kaiser did not want us to enter the war, he wanted us to stop supplying the allies. Verbal threats went over very poorly. The need was “munitions bad” without “Germans bad.” I do not understand why people are so hung up on the term. We weren’t a belligerent and they caused a huge explosion. That is what is commonly understood to be terrorism. That is the general historical understanding of the event. But how is the world different if you call it something else? Of what value is this parsing?
    1
  10494. Again, I am unconvinced of the consequences of abusing a term Terrorism is notoriously difficult to define (one person's terrorist is another person's freedom fighter.) In this case, it was unquestionably an illegal act of violence. The question is political motivation, which I think is rather obvious merely by the fact that is was being conducted out of the embassy at a time when the German government was very much trying to impact US policy. I disagree with your distinction between a successful military op or terrorism. I don't see why an act intended to have a political impact can't also have a military purpose. In fact, that distinction is often used by obvious terrorists, who attempt to claim their violence was against legitimate targets. That claim has been specifically made in terms of 9/11. There is a definition in Title 22, Chapter 38 of the United States Code. The term is not in the criminal code, but has to do with State department reporting on foreign countries. The definition states: "T]he term 'terrorism' means premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents." The definition does not seem to exclude military targets so long as there is a political motivation. In this case, the act certainly seems to have been both premeditated and the work of clandestine agents. The only question was whether there was political motivation, and, again, I think that is rather obvious here.
    1
  10495. They were. It was called “Skylab.” https://youtu.be/jsZJBCAfiL0
    1
  10496. Occasionally you will hear it pronounced that way in the central US.
    1
  10497. Occasionally you will hear it pronounced that way in the central US.
    1
  10498. Dijon in the US tends to be far milder than the French version.
    1
  10499. Estimates of the casualty rate for the class of 1941 are about 10%
    1
  10500. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhaqf9Nk_fkzRlQNrsB2iMb
    1
  10501. I talk about the raid on Darwin in this episode: https://youtu.be/e_XKVA8S6qY
    1
  10502. Thank you!
    1
  10503. Then don't bring your boats to the US ;). Actually both are acceptable pronunciations of the word, and, being American, I tend to use the American pronunciation.
    1
  10504. Is picking nits a hobby or a profession?
    1
  10505. His son, Abraham Lincoln II, died of an infection at age 16. His eldest daughter, Mary Todd "Mamie" Lincoln Isham had a son, Lincoln Isham, who died childless in 1971. His younger daughter, Jessie Harlan Lincoln, had two children by her first husband: Mary Lincoln Beckwith and Robert Todd Lincoln Beckwith. Both died without children, Mary in 1975 and Robert in 1985.
    1
  10506. Richard Mourdock his second wife had a son named Timothy Lincoln Beckwith. Robert Todd Lincoln Beckwith denied paternity, accusing her of adultery. A court ordered a blood test, but she never complied, and the divorce court ruled it was not his child. Beckwith was known to have had a vasectomy years previously, so the claim has been largely dismissed.
    1
  10507. Richard Mourdock thank you!
    1
  10508. Prior to the electron microscope scientists had seen particles in virus infected cells that were likely "inclusion bodies'" - clumps or aggregates of virus particles.
    1
  10509. Steven Phillips oh, lol, sorry. If I said telescope that is obviously incorrect. I apologize for the error.
    1
  10510. Blasphemy! British bacon is a dried out bit of pork chop.
    1
  10511. But many who died in the 1918 pandemic actually died of bacterial pneumonia, since the virus had done damage to their lungs, making it easier for bacteria to take hold. Penicillin, in fact, might have saved many lives in that pandemic.
    1
  10512. Lolo. “Good night and have a pleasant tomorrow” was how Chevy Chase signed off on SNL Weekend Update.
    1
  10513. Respectfully, that is not a pronunciation, it is a colloquialism. It is an acronym, and it is never grammatically incorrect to fully pronounce an acronym.
    1
  10514. I don’t control the ads.
    1
  10515. I never heard the echo- it apparently depends upon the device upon which the episode is played. But I did replace the microphone recently, and have been told the sound is better now.
    1
  10516. Dexter Koula I decided that it was unnecessary. It was never an appeal to authority, it was a statement of my interest.
    1
  10517. I assure you, I am very real. I do not use AI.
    1
  10518. Thank you!
    1
  10519. Amy the Chocoholic I am always afraid that she’ll eat one of the other cats.
    1
  10520. https://youtu.be/uk8v8v6d480
    1
  10521. Sorry, you are incorrect about the etymology of the term.
    1
  10522. There are a few on my Facebook page. https://www.facebook.com/FiveMinutesofHistory/
    1
  10523. A lot farther than the length of a runway.
    1
  10524. Glad you enjoyed it
    1
  10525. Aidan Sharples I have never heard that- but British officers have certainly been expected to lead from the front.
    1
  10526. Fair point
    1
  10527. The B-58 was the Hustler.
    1
  10528. Two names for the same weapon.
    1
  10529. Correct all around!
    1
  10530. Absolutely. Such an amazing life.
    1
  10531. eastermars yes. https://youtu.be/VzObHsRsOx0
    1
  10532. Yes, they were brothers.
    1
  10533. New York to LA is about 2700 miles. I used metric because I think it is generally my foreign viewers who don't understand how big the US states are.
    1
  10534. Wow, thanks!
    1
  10535. I collect things, including hats. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhaqf9Nk_fkzRlQNrsB2iMb
    1
  10536. Marine Corps Historical Reference Series called them that in 1958.
    1
  10537. Yes, but not a high quality reproduction
    1
  10538. Well, to be fair, prohibition, although a failed experiment, was freely chosen in a system that required a high bar for passage. Are people free if they cannot so govern themselves?
    1
  10539. jaxxstraw but the process of Constitutional Amendment requires a supermajority that reasonably called consensus. Prohibition required the highest bar in the land.
    1
  10540. DrGreenThumbNZL why do some people so begrudge my earning fair compensation for my efforts?
    1
  10541. Sadly, "Unsinkable Sam" is most likely just a great sea story, not an actual cat.
    1
  10542. Thank you!
    1
  10543.  @scorpion19142001  we use some istock. The rest are collected from the Public Domain.
    1
  10544. Daniel Ingram he was missing an eye, yes.
    1
  10545. That is a custom The History Guy bobble head.
    1
  10546. Just don’t let a cat fall in...
    1
  10547. Correct- ACR-4.
    1
  10548.  @petestorz172  in fact, Pennsylvania ACR-4 was renamed Pittsburgh in 1912 to free the name for the Battleship (BB-38.) News stories reporting on Ely’s landing in 1910 largely used the term battleship- suggesting that the public didn’t much care about the distinction between cruisers and battleships, and “battleship” essentially meant warship.
    1
  10549. I think that he certainly saw himself as a Christian mystic.
    1
  10550. https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Escort_(Europe)
    1
  10551. I wish my bank account resembled Bill Gates'.
    1
  10552. No. It is a picture of an Army private in uniform.
    1
  10553. Alex Ekelmans https://youtu.be/yiLiTJ1Ofys
    1
  10554. https://youtu.be/WuNCCVXV9cw?si=0JM2SaKtGGbAXBHm
    1
  10555. Here's the brief synopsis: A series of memos were uncovered that had been written by engineers for the subcontractor who had designed the doors. The memos complained about McDonnell Douglas changing the design in ways that made the doors less safe and likely to fail. This made it clear that MD knew of the design deficiencies and risks before even putting the plane into service, and that they deliberately took the risk for financial reasons. When those came out, McDonnell Douglas started making financial settlements right away.
    1
  10556. Yeah, there are a lot of pictures of torn up gliders. Although it didn't go much better for the paratroops.
    1
  10557.  @dorijanklasnic888  that is not what defines a pirate. Teuta’s fleets raided ships at sea.
    1
  10558. Some in this episode: https://youtu.be/K82D-vpZnFo
    1
  10559. Thank you!
    1
  10560. Wade Caton the radar was in “locked on” mode, and not configured to look for aircraft other than the target.
    1
  10561. There was a lot more to say about operation Pedestal, and several good stories of the ships in the convoy.
    1
  10562. Both pronunciations are acceptable.
    1
  10563. Henry VI's mother was Catherine of Valois, Charles the VI's daughter. The madness of both kings was likely genetic, and ran through the family of Charles VI's mother, Joanne of Bourbon.
    1
  10564. Andrew Gruffudd the official reason that parliament declared Edward’s sons to be illegitimate was that Edward had been pre-contracted to marry Lady Eleanor Butler when he secretly married Elizabeth Woodville. That was likely simply an ex post facto justification for giving the crown to Richard, but it was the reason given officially. It is quite possible that rumors about a cuckold were spread at the time.
    1
  10565. The forgotten history of Pitcairn Island https://youtu.be/eaQ4_h3gXAI
    1
  10566. This is a video about stainless steel. Good storytelling does not create a two hour video on all possible tangents.
    1
  10567. That seems to be a constant source of friction, where whatever I do will generate a complaint. In this video the relevant temperature is freezing- 0 degrees Celsius, 32 degrees Fahrenheit. When talking about radiative cooling I quote Real Clear Science and the source mentions the temperature of space at "roughly 450 degrees below zero Fahrenheit." While I did not give a Celsius equivalent, I assumed the "rest of the world" understood the concept of "really really cold."
    1
  10568. I had heard that there was a film project in India, but don't know any details.
    1
  10569. The nickname is actually “Chi-Town.”
    1
  10570. Yeah, major facepalm.
    1
  10571.  @DamonBanks142857  LoL
    1
  10572. I had pictures, but the episode was running long. Extemporized armor was used by multiple groups. there. Hopefully we'll be able to talk more about that particular conflict in another episode.
    1
  10573. I do apologize, as some do take exception to the term "won" the medal. It is, though, a commonly used phrase, and certainly I did not intend to suggest the medal was not earned. I think that I used the more accepted "was awarded" in the rest of the video. And again, you are correct that there are virtually no extant photographs from the period, and no known photograph or portrait of Cochise. The photos are not even all from the Apache wars, as a few of the army photos are just from the frontier (one is from Fort Laramie, and includes Caspar Collins, for whom Casper Wyoming is named.) The media used for the channel is all in the Public Domain, and should be seen as illustrative rather than an exact record, as many historical events did not conveniently include a photographer.
    1
  10574. Colonel K thank you!
    1
  10575. Whether any of the cats is involved in an episode depends entirely on the cat. But, most often, one or more is sleeping nearby.
    1
  10576. I just happened to wear a bow tie one episode and viewers responded (not like the channel had a lot of viewers yet. )
    1
  10577. Reportedly there is a project in the works. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4703374/
    1
  10578. Mahan (DD-364) was also sunk that day. Your father commanded the guided missile cruiser? (DDG-42?)
    1
  10579. That was my error and is noted in the pinned comment. She was born in 1905.
    1
  10580. What stretch? This was the last organized Confederate unit to surrender.
    1
  10581. Yes, we expect to have an episode out on them sometime.
    1
  10582. According to this page, they taste like sardines: https://lancaster.unl.edu/pest/resources/bugflavor.shtml#:~:text=Raw%20termites%20taste%20like%20pineapple,taste%20like%20beef%20bone%20marrow.&text=Fried%20grasshoppers%20taste%20like%20sardines,Colombia)%20taste%20like%20beef%20jerky.
    1
  10583. Trish the homesteader likely not. The Anasazi, or, more accepted today, Ancestral Puebloans, are thought to be ancestors of the Hopi. The Hopi language is Uto-Aztecan, whereas Apache is an Athabaskan language. The Apache and Navajo likely migrated to the region from Canada in the post-pueblo period.
    1
  10584.  @graybeardproductions2597  I have bills and employees to pay. A brief ad, usually once or twice a month, is not a big ask for my efforts. Maybe “hate” is a choice. Maybe it is a selfish choice if you consider what you get in return. I appreciate my sponsors.
    1
  10585. Mrs History Guy manages hairstyle
    1
  10586. It is definitely on our list, yes.
    1
  10587. It is called "Highway wildflowers" and is from the YouTube royalty free music library.
    1
  10588. Allen County Kentucky was named after a Virginian, Colonel John Allen, but he was not from Carroll County. I have no idea if he was related to the Allen clan.
    1
  10589. Is that the 1913 WWI Konig class Battleship? I didn't think the game went back to ships from the 1870s.
    1
  10590. "Hobs" is also a term in folklore for household spirits. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hob_(folklore)#:~:text=A%20hob%20is%20a%20type,inside%20the%20house%20or%20outdoors.
    1
  10591. Thanks!
    1
  10592. Yes, the same general.
    1
  10593. Dae Dubois well, they were really just saying hello until he shot a guy.
    1
  10594. Bad rule
    1
  10595. There seem to be mixed opinions, but that is why we released two versions.
    1
  10596. I apologize for the error
    1
  10597. awathompson a somewhat similar accident except that the engine/propeller failure was much more catastrophic.
    1
  10598. Actually it never stopped. The eclipse wasn’t visible in Europe.
    1
  10599.  @frankceeko4596  thank you!
    1
  10600. I did a paper on that war in college. Originally I was going to talk about technicals in this episode, but it was running long.
    1
  10601. And yet the term that was used during the war and since is "the arsenal of Democracy," referring, of course, to more than the United States, but the nations facing the despotic Axis powers, just as the term used during the First World War was "Making the world safe for democracy." Take a chill pill, the term was not some academic description of the US form of government. I would not be much of a historian if I changed a historical term to meet the ever-changing political sensibilities of the sort of people who randomly type IN CAPS LOCK.
    1
  10602.  @dolbepe  Thank You!
    1
  10603. Walter Baker thank you for being a patron.
    1
  10604. Fair point- pasty is a traditional food of Cornwall, and Somerset is mostly, I think, associated with cheese.
    1
  10605. I didn’t claim any of that. I recounted the facts of his trial.
    1
  10606. Watch the video for an explanation
    1
  10607. If I am not mistaken, I think you mean Liverpool and the CSS Shenandoah. https://youtu.be/oJWjTp7DHEk
    1
  10608. Macklin's car killed one spectator, who was likely running from Levegh's car. The rest were all killed by just one car. it is terrifying how much damage can be done at those speeds.
    1
  10609. My bow ties are provided by The Tie Bar. https://www.thetiebar.com/?nbt=nb%3Aadwords%3Ag%3A248912050%3A19174121890%3A509135507645&nb_adtype=&nb_kwd=the%20tie%20bar&nb_ti=kwd-855278920&nb_mi=&nb_pc=&nb_pi=&nb_ppi=&nb_placement=&nb_si=%7Bsourceid%7D&nb_li_ms=&nb_lp_ms=&nb_fii=&nb_ap=&nb_mt=e&gclid=Cj0KCQiA4aacBhCUARIsAI55maFwIDqL9t0ZyVsQyxJGHD7S1mEWSQKKGZut7tGBsok_ZCZTSvl1JRYaAre6EALw_wcB
    1
  10610. Thank you for your service!
    1
  10611. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    1
  10612. I have no control over the ads- they are done by Google.
    1
  10613. Thank you!
    1
  10614. The last interview I saw was 2008 and he was doing fine and speaking humorously about the event.
    1
  10615. Thank you!
    1
  10616. LOL.
    1
  10617. Some of the newspaper accounts disagreed, which isn’t uncommon.
    1
  10618. They were both, by all accounts, excellent cowhands and hard and respected workers when they were on ranches. They also understood that it was important to stay in the good graces of those who protected them, and so did not cheat or double deal. And, as you imply, few outlaws would mess with a ranch where Butch Cassidy was working.
    1
  10619. Apparently you didn’t watch the video before commenting…
    1
  10620. The white pouches are sugar
    1
  10621. Neither, It is not my policy to take sides.
    1
  10622. https://youtu.be/uXDGzmOkC5g
    1
  10623.  @manuelrivera6785  thank you!
    1
  10624. Randall Bates I do not see what you are straitening out. Nothing here seems inconsistent with the description in the episode.
    1
  10625. Correct- both were based on the prototype.
    1
  10626. I said "shoot."
    1
  10627. Admiral Spoor happy to help!
    1
  10628. Lol
    1
  10629. I have never seen such a claim. The horse was found wandering, severely wounded, two days after the battle. It seems most likely it simply wandered off after Keogh dismounted.
    1
  10630. The song is called 'Highway Wildflowers" and is from the YT royalty free music library.
    1
  10631. That is our cat Pookie, who has been in many episodes of the show. We said goodbye to him two weeks ago, and the art from Crown and Paw isa memorial to him.
    1
  10632. Previously to Homeland Security they were under the Department of Transportation. Yet they are still considered to be a military service.
    1
  10633. Thousands of rivers have just stopped flowing because the water was diverted. It has happened all over the world.
    1
  10634. I look forward to meeting you as well!
    1
  10635. Much of the world does. It is actually causing some issues with Canada F-35 acquisitions, as Canada only owns probe and drogue tankers. But, for strategic bombers, the ability to transfer at a much faster rate is important.
    1
  10636. oh no! Did you check to see if the "bell" icon is selected?
    1
  10637. Awesome museum.
    1
  10638. I think that Galloway's complaint was with the way the lives of the soldiers of the 54th were thrown away in the battle. You are correct that the 54th fought bravely, and that many white regiments suffered just as badly.
    1
  10639. That is a matter of much scholarly discussion today.
    1
  10640. The Halifax explosion is definitely on the topics list.
    1
  10641. I certainly disagree with you on the meaning of pseudoscience. The guys who spent a year in Uganda measuring the tensile strength of tree limbs in Chimpanzee nests are hardcore scientists if ever there was. By any standard, the effort the hominid apes put into their beds has to be instructive as to the importance for we Homo Sapiens, who share upwards of 99.8% of our gene structure with them. That is especially true when we have good archaeological evidence that we were making our own beds from the earliest days of humanity. Neck support is a good point, although many cultures don't use pillows. I am sure the rope was uncomfortable, but at least a relatively safe environment compared to the alternative.
    1
  10642. Fifer I mentioned the Christmas truce in this episode: https://youtu.be/xUVPTr2j0ok
    1
  10643. She turned me into a newt…
    1
  10644. I spend many hours googling pronunciations. I used the pronunciation in the episode because, given the poems that were published in newspapers, that was the pronunciation used at the time.
    1
  10645. The "N" on the helmet stands for "nowledge."
    1
  10646. Kiki Lang Black Brant. Named after a species of goose.
    1
  10647. David Green even though both Carthage and Malta were Phoenician settlements, not all Phoenician settlements were part of the Carthaginian empire.
    1
  10648. I never heard the echo- it appeared to depend on the playback device. But I did replace the microphone after making this episode.
    1
  10649. No.
    1
  10650. They have tried, yes. But it is more difficult than you might think... https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna9994537
    1
  10651. Well, to be fair, they did show their value in shore bombardment during the Second World War.
    1
  10652. Rails were important in many conflicts, but the difference is that they were the central technology of the Great War. Certainly rails played a part in the US Civil War, but you would not say that it was a railway war.
    1
  10653. Doh!
    1
  10654. Yes, aboard the Juneau.
    1
  10655. joel1239871 sorry!
    1
  10656. We have not changed our audio equipment.
    1
  10657. I only use images in the Public Domain- I respect copyright. The videos and images of the actual accident are not in the Public Domain.
    1
  10658. The movie was based on a novel of the same name. It seems doubtful that the novel was inspired by Borie, in that the author, Deny's Raynor, was an RN officer and the allied ship was originally an RN ship in the novel, only changed to an American ship for the movie.
    1
  10659. Correct- it means a landing when the aircraft has lost all propulsive power.
    1
  10660. That is not the point made in the parable of the mustard seed...
    1
  10661. The Papal Bull was in 1738.
    1
  10662. It is kind of cliff notish, yes. In a world where so much is published, notes are appreciated.
    1
  10663. LOL
    1
  10664. Pozi was developed by the Phillips company in the 1960s after the original patents expired.
    1
  10665. jp they developed- or co-developed, it after the original patents had expired. I think the idea was an improved design less likely to cam out.
    1
  10666. Correct. My mistake
    1
  10667. Viktor Skaggs there is plenty of history all around. Certainly Eugene Bullard’s story is one that deserves to be remembered.
    1
  10668. I am sure that is not true, but certainly drew a laugh.
    1
  10669. While Gärtner initially landed in Libya, the campaign was fought mostly in Tunisia, where the Afrika Korps was defeated. The map represents the final campaign.
    1
  10670. I got to meet Alex last summer. Nice guy.
    1
  10671. I used the proper pronunciation.
    1
  10672.  @LogCap4Jobs  neither pronunciation quite matches the Greek, and both are acceptable pronunciations of the word. The pronunciation YOU-reh-nuss that I used has most always been that preferred by astronomers, but it has more commonly been pronounced your-RAY-nuss in the US, probably because that more closely matches the phonetic spelling, despite sounding like “your anus.” If you have noticed what appeared to be a change during your lifetime, that likely occurred in the 1990s. During that time astronomers reclassified Neptune and Uranus as ice giants rather than gas giants. The scientific clarification made the news. News anchors, apparently, preferred the astronomers’ pronunciation to saying “your anus.” But, again, neither pronunciation is new, and both are grammatically acceptable.
    1
  10673. I have not. I am actually afraid that it is too controversial. there is no way to walk a middle line without angering everyone.
    1
  10674. Reportedly there is a project underway: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4703374/
    1
  10675. Sorry- Rumble was just not getting traction.
    1
  10676. Or hold the position in the middle of the ocean.
    1
  10677. No, no such policy.
    1
  10678. Possibly cases will make it to the ICJ, but there is a catch. Decisions of the ICJ are only enforceable via the UN Security Council, and China has veto power on the council.
    1
  10679. sorry, my mistake
    1
  10680. HappyQuails centripetal force. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/cf.html
    1
  10681. I do some research, there may be a topic there.
    1
  10682. I have used both BC and BCE in different episodes, and have been criticized for using either one. I am making no political statement with either term, and IMHO everyone needs to lower their sensitivity levels and let The History Guy talk.
    1
  10683. Thanks! The staff seemed to think I needed to shake the wardrobe up a bit.
    1
  10684. K ris she thought that compassion should be part of the law. To her credit, that drove the persistence that allowed her to crack cases that the police could not.
    1
  10685. What a compelling story. Thank you!
    1
  10686.  @micheal49  quay is pronounced “key.”
    1
  10687. It seems like 90% of YouTubers have a British accent.
    1
  10688. Even victims still make sacrifices. These animals suffered for these experiments- I do not believe that I hid that fact.
    1
  10689. Victor Hoe mountains are more conducive to a narrow gauge, where cars need to be smaller anyway. The US still operates some narrow gauge.
    1
  10690. I was not making any sort of political statement.
    1
  10691. Someone else mentioned the same. The challenge is reliable casualty counts in ancient battles.
    1
  10692. I really do not know what modern politics you are trying to project on my channel. Abraham Lincoln was a Republican and secession was largely a product of the Democratic party.
    1
  10693. Apples, Bananas, Oranges, Pineapples, and cranberries have been covered on the channel. That compilation is coming, too!
    1
  10694. It is hard to tell, as there was also clearly a good dose of exaggeration/hysteria.
    1
  10695. Thank you for your service!
    1
  10696. B Forman https://youtu.be/5tUQ7VHnB6c
    1
  10697. Not yet. We have been working on that.
    1
  10698. We also upload to Rumble. We are willing to look at other platforms.
    1
  10699. No, I mean the treaty.
    1
  10700. Thank you!
    1
  10701. I misspoke. I apologize.
    1
  10702. The attack hit American sectors. There were some British troops involved, but mostly towards the end of the battle.
    1
  10703. I don't control which ads you get from Google.
    1
  10704. Because what I really want to do is go back to my day job and just make YouTube for no pay…
    1
  10705. Keough
    1
  10706. I intend to, yes.
    1
  10707. I do not think that I presented him as a “misunderstood gentle giant.” Few of the ships taken appeared to offer any armed resistance.
    1
  10708. Yes, a flight trainer would have been very experienced with the AT-6. The army sold them after the war and many veterans bought them.
    1
  10709. Back right
    1
  10710. I appreciate that!
    1
  10711. Yes, we have done a little, but hope to do more.
    1
  10712. Hi Dan! Thanks for putting up with ads, as their presence allows us to keep creating videos. But as a side note, you only need to watch the first 30 seconds (and then you can hit the skip ads button!) for us to get credit for your view. Thanks again!
    1
  10713. Allspice is a specific spice made from the dried berries of the Pimenta dioica tree. Pumpkin spice is a mix of spices, sometimes including allspice.
    1
  10714. US submarines were traditionally named after fish. Cavalla is a common name used for a number of species, most commonly the King Mackerel. The name is derived from the Spanish word “caballa,” which means mackerel. There is possibly a connection with the city of Kavala. There seems to be some dispute, but one proposed etymology for Kavala is that it is related to Roman roads and may be derived from cavalla, a Latin word for a mare. There is also speculation that the Spanish word caballa has the same origin.
    1
  10715. I did not find a record of such.
    1
  10716. There was quite a lot of internal controversy regarding his live tests. After the 1954 record he wanted to try a much faster test, and was prohibited from more live testing.
    1
  10717. Are you really justifying the acts of Hitler? Relativism that ignores the violence of the Third Reich is poor history.
    1
  10718. What island are you on?
    1
  10719. This is a history video about a dog.
    1
  10720. Yeah- the age of fancy pants.
    1
  10721. It is.
    1
  10722. Well, the Brazilians who stole their money technically did so from a boat, so I think that qualifies. :)
    1
  10723. There are many purported photos- I clearly indicated that in the presentation.
    1
  10724. Hatuletoh I don’t know- I could imagine them messing with people- those miners are a surly lot. But I swear I never heard it pronounced other than “Leed,” and I lived forty miles from there.
    1
  10725. Hatuletoh https://www.blackhillsbadlands.com/cities-towns/lead
    1
  10726. It was a woman who had died out of state and was being returned home for the funereal.
    1
  10727. That's not fair. He makes a compelling argument, and the Persia to Europe via Araba traders story is not unique to him.
    1
  10728. I have been reluctant, given the level of controversy surrounding the story.
    1
  10729. Tragic story...
    1
  10730. It is not in the top ten on Chapman's list. Estimates very, but in terms of total produced over history the Koran is usually estimated at around three billion and the Bible between five and eight billion. Some lists, however, will put the Koran on top by looking at Bibles by version. That is, there have been about three billion Korans produced and the most produced version of the bible, the King James Version, has about 2.5 billion produced.
    1
  10731. To be fair, Catholics were more threatened by the reformation than witches.
    1
  10732. Thank you!
    1
  10733. Mentioned briefly at the end. He has, very rarely, been photographed in reading glasses.
    1
  10734. Twitchell was in dozens of movies, but almost all the roles are uncredited.
    1
  10735. The upload is fine. the audio sync issue must be on your end.
    1
  10736. Correct, i apologize for the error.
    1
  10737. Yes- they are called “Flamingo Surprise” and they are available in many locations.
    1
  10738. You are correct- it was two cylinder, but not two stroke. that was my mistake.
    1
  10739. Walter Shumate the spot was named by a Spanish priest, and referred to a spot on the lake that was used for bathing.
    1
  10740. Especially with the early engines, which had difficulty producing sufficient thrust at low speeds.
    1
  10741. Yes, several viewers have mentioned that. Both the KC-130 and the 707 were derived from the same prototype.
    1
  10742. BennysBenz yes, there was a Nick Carter radio show.
    1
  10743. Yowza- out of ice cream trucks. That is, um, cold.
    1
  10744. I usually make twelve videos a month. Two of those will be sponsored. You can choose to tolerate two ads a month that pay my bills, or can choose to watch ten videos a month and skip the sponsored ones. I literally tell you in the first second that the video is sponsored. Or you can choose to act like a petulant toddler and write an incredibly ill-mannered little tantrum while melodramatically announcing you will unsubscribe in all caps.
    1
  10745. I grew up in Hot Springs
    1
  10746. There was a book published in 2004.
    1
  10747. Yes, much of what we know about the wild west is steeped in legend.
    1
  10748. Crazy horSE Papa Frankuu thank you! I enjoy collecting. You are seeing only a small fraction of them.
    1
  10749. Well, I do not have the sort of degree or credentials where I should be giving dietary advice.
    1
  10750. Actually, Mercy and Comfort were designed for combat casualties. They are prepared for trauma, but not well designed to isolate pathogens.
    1
  10751. writerconsidered I read that there is a plaque somewhere on the beach and a display in the men’s room at the yacht club.
    1
  10752. Possibly in reference to the Berlusconi scandal. It's etymology there is not clear, and it is not proven that the Italian press knew anything about Horace De Veere Cole and the Dreadnought prank.
    1
  10753. According to Douglas, the F-89 radar was in "lock on" mode, which excludes radar signals except for the target.
    1
  10754. Hard to imagine raising a family on that.
    1
  10755. What plants have I missed?
    1
  10756. What was I going to do? He lived there- I was just visiting.
    1
  10757. I talk about Russian America in this episode: https://youtu.be/l1AKHDMoKXk
    1
  10758. Thanks!
    1
  10759. We understand that some people do not prefer sponsored content. We produce, on average, twelve episodes a month. Usually two will have sponsored content. We are careful to indicate clearly at the start of the video that it includes sponsored content. If you prefer to avoid such content, then please continue to enjoy the ten episodes a month without. Alternatively, consider becoming a channel member or a patron on Patreon, both of whom may enjoy the same content without the sponsored advertisement.
    1
  10760. Those are Public Domain pictures of Benton. There weren't pictures from the era available in the Public Domain.
    1
  10761. Nick Phillips pictures of actual events in the public domain are rare- for some episodes we have none at all. We add the images for illustration.
    1
  10762. Yes, the phrase, which has come to mean being chewed out, came from the actual Riot Act which had to be read out loud.
    1
  10763. Glad you enjoyed it
    1
  10764. 1815 Eruption of Mount Tambora https://youtu.be/urYvBb7_OBM
    1
  10765. https://youtu.be/mk4n7XWsY_4
    1
  10766. The episode was filmed six months ago.
    1
  10767. erynlasgalen1949 it isn’t clear why he borrowed a horse known to be troublesome. He might have simply liked its intimidating size.
    1
  10768. They are two different suborders of the order Orthoptera. In terms of species- there are some 900 species of crickets and 11000 species of grasshopper.
    1
  10769. It isn't clear. I might relate to the pungency of mustard, but it also might be derived from the military term to "pass muster."
    1
  10770. http://www.pioneergirl.com/blog/archives/11406
    1
  10771. I disagree that it is "incredibly clear" at all. In fact, it is a matter of significant historical dispute. My goal was not to take sides in the dispute, but to offer the most balanced perspective I could. I am convinced that the best evidence is that the government culpability lies more at the local level, and that the faults were more incompetence than ill will. I don't say that to exonerate Churchill or the cabinet, I think it is the most likely scenario based on the evidence. I admit that there are historians who disagree. There is a good discussion here: https://www.quora.com/Was-Churchill-largely-responsible-for-the-Bengal-famine-of-1943
    1
  10772. The point of Stormfury was to try to reduce hurricane strength, as there is every government motive to make hurricanes less damaging rather than more damaging. While there have been a few ideas how to prevent or reduce the severity of major storms, none have been openly proposed to make them more destructive. The size of the conspiracy required to create and implement such a program would be incredible, and the motive entirely unclear., I don’t have any political motivation to hide anything. If there was a program to control hurricanes I’d love to tell its story. But it simply doesn’t make sense. If there was an ability to drive hurricanes, we wouldn’t be driving them at ourselves.
    1
  10773. That is a point being made- in trying to fix it it blew up. On the other hand, that doesn't mean that ignoring it won't also eventually cause it to blow up..
    1
  10774. Hemingway patrolled with the Coast Guard reserve. We did an episode on them a couple of weeks ago.
    1
  10775. The US Navy did not officially segregate until 1919, although there was not equality of opportunity for Black sailors.
    1
  10776. www.teespring.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  10777. Certainly there has been some historical reevaluation of Woodrow Wilson in recent decades.
    1
  10778. I plan to tell much more history.
    1
  10779. I'll have to look that up. Thanks!
    1
  10780. The question is how tightly packed it is.
    1
  10781. Thank you!
    1
  10782. Entrapment is "The act of government agents or officials that induces a person to commit a crime he or she is not previously disposed to commit." That is why you have to show a pattern- to show that they were disposed to commit the crime.
    1
  10783. My history degree is from the University of Colorado at Boulder. No, I don't currently teach.
    1
  10784. https://youtu.be/C4wi7ebOIWs
    1
  10785. Then watch something else.
    1
  10786. Umm. Yes. Really.
    1
  10787. There is reportedly one in production. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4703374/
    1
  10788. Merle Morrison all the ships were sold as scrap.
    1
  10789. Where did I say that? i happened in 1393.
    1
  10790. While a fair point, and it is more proper to say “received,” that sensibility is a relatively new idea. Even into the 2000s it was common for award recipients themselves to use the term “win” referring to the decoration. The term is also still frequently used in the press. While there are some veterans websites that will scold that the medal is not “won,” that proscription is not included in the law or award description. Certainly I intended no disrespect for Admiral Fluckey.
    1
  10791. itsjohndell yes, I have seen 1941 many times.
    1
  10792. That is a lance pennant from the 17th Lancers. A storied unit indeed.
    1
  10793. I will research that question. More on the Texas navy: https://youtu.be/G_6TMcTq5oA
    1
  10794. Not direct descendants, no. Robert Todd Lincoln's three grandchildren all died without issue.
    1
  10795. It is a join effort with my wife. She wrote this script.
    1
  10796. I collect them. I have talked about many on the channel. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhaqf9Nk_fkzRlQNrsB2iMb
    1
  10797. Both were at least accused or suspected of doing so, as well as using hurried collection techniques that could have damaged fossils.
    1
  10798. That is a good story!
    1
  10799. Malta asked to remain under British rule at the time.
    1
  10800. The Service Academies were not our only supply of officers. We had a reserved system, an Aviation cadet system and an officer candidate school system. So no, most pilots weren’t from West Point, which wouldn’t have produced nearly enough. But we also didn’t have an Air Force Academy, so if you were hoping for senior leadership in the USAAF, West Point was the option. Flying was appealing, and most of the cadets craved combat, so it isn’t a surprise that they preferred becoming pilots rather than airfield brass.
    1
  10801. That will almost certainly be an episode.
    1
  10802. Both were derived from the Boeing Dash 80 prototype.
    1
  10803. I think most of the passengers were surprised as well...
    1
  10804. There are a few never found.
    1
  10805. LOL
    1
  10806. I don't spend a lot of time thinking on my eyebrows. I didn't feel angry making this video.
    1
  10807. Yes, the "we" is family assistance, usually paid for in pizza.
    1
  10808. Sadly, we are no longer together and she is no longer involved with the channel.
    1
  10809. It was sent by a viewer, who said they found it in a forest near a former training area. There are no numbers of any kind that I can find.
    1
  10810. Tower 1 was never installed. Six were planned, but only three became operational.
    1
  10811. Fair point, but the idea is that amount of energy is being produced continuously.
    1
  10812. He did, but the line died out with his grandchildren.
    1
  10813. That is not true. They carried on a robust maritime trade.
    1
  10814. Certainly they were accomplished enough to justify the comment in the context of the video. But Rome did not depend entirely on a foreign merchant fleet. They produced fine trade vessels and carried on a wide maritime trade in them. They developed many deep water ports and numerous lighthouses. “During the 1st century ad Roman corbitas made regular voyages between ports in the Red Sea and the west coast of India as well as normal Mediterranean passages.” https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095638641;jsessionid=9C801585E36BFACEC90EEA53A6BE52C7 But even the criticism of the Roman Navy is unfair, in that it depends upon the period. “Once in place, Rome's dominance of the sea became an important component of its imperial history. No other power before or since has controlled the Mediterranean basin or exercised an imperial naval tenure to such an extent.” https://www.press.umich.edu/214382/maritime_world_of_ancient_rome
    1
  10815. Und I'm learning Chinese," says Wernher von Braun.
    1
  10816. That would be interesting to see.
    1
  10817. I decided to include it because it just seemed appropriate to the situation.
    1
  10818. Thank You!
    1
  10819. Thank you!
    1
  10820. Massive concussion to the hull.
    1
  10821. It depends where you are how well remembered it is. But, records were not kept in the same way as in Europe, and much of the history was destroyed by colonialism.
    1
  10822.  @Drutzie  certainly I, and other historians on YouTube, talk about all kinds of history, including history of East Africa. If it is relatively undercovered it might be because of the nature of YouTube and its audience, but also because records are more difficult to find.
    1
  10823. I am doing a series about the hats exclusive for patrons on Patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  10824. True, but, if I understand correctly, a “Hob” is more of a house-sprite,
    1
  10825. I have been there several times, and may do a travelogue on one of our visits. It is an amazing museum.
    1
  10826. LOL
    1
  10827. Thank you!
    1
  10828. Paintings painted after 1924 are not yet in the Public Domain.
    1
  10829. https://youtu.be/aiRkoEn6me4
    1
  10830. Yup.
    1
  10831. Kermit Roosevelt is a sad story.
    1
  10832. No women flying B-52s in the 1960s. But there were these women: https://youtu.be/6F_poSmlC7o
    1
  10833. Rigid airships have legitimate problems, especially over land. https://youtu.be/H6IlLm-Jwi4
    1
  10834. https://youtu.be/W4d7VKvG1z0?si=DZZ06mf7gVQrGMww
    1
  10835. The cat is Pookie, a sweet fellow who appeared in many episodes of THG, and whom we lost in June. The picture is an homage to our dear departed feline familiar, courtesy of Crown & Paw.
    1
  10836. They are. The title is from a period newspaper. The species of the animal wasn’t known at the time.
    1
  10837. Actually, the US was entitled to two zeppelins as war reparations, but the crews scuttled them. So the Los Angeles was built for the US after the war. That could be why it survived, but it also may have been the luck of the weather.
    1
  10838. Thank you!
    1
  10839. It also means a range of mountains, although the allusion is that the peaks look like a saw. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sierra_mountains
    1
  10840. The US marine corps did distinguish itself during the war. I have done several Great War episodes this year, but may still do one on Belleau Wood.
    1
  10841. Thank you!
    1
  10842.  @bassethousechannel2579  those faces would have been at least as “scrubbed” had they been highly pixelated. Unfortunately we do not always have access to photos of the image quality we would prefer.
    1
  10843. http://www.cusec.org/documents/aar/cusec_aar.pdf
    1
  10844. I think I give a fair appraisal of both the car and the controversy.
    1
  10845. The two were not always so separate. The story of Cotton Mather's role in accepting variolation is interesting. https://youtu.be/HIerjWCYOYc
    1
  10846. The video is not in the public domain. It is also rather gruesome.
    1
  10847. We visit the Lemp Mansion rather regularly and I have never seen a ghost.
    1
  10848. The 1967 accident is really the most mysterious of the lot. The Air Force has never released details.
    1
  10849. Apparently so.
    1
  10850. LOL I don't know anything about ancient aliens or restoring cars, and I've never even been to Oak Island.
    1
  10851. Had to think on that one. Yeah the ship escorting them does look like the one from The Lost World. However, I think I can safely speculate that no, there is not T-Rex on that ship.
    1
  10852. J, Williams possibly- interesting story
    1
  10853. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGg6-RjePgeLdrt7bu4nIG4e
    1
  10854. Aaron Henshaw We actually have an episode on another mass murdering sociopath set for Friday.
    1
  10855. Glad you enjoy it!
    1
  10856. Only a few promo pictures published without copyright were in the Public Domain.
    1
  10857. 13:52
    1
  10858. Thank you.
    1
  10859. That is one of several theories. There is neither proof nor consensus among archaeologists that the garden mentioned in Greek and Roman literature is the same one that was built by Sennacherib.
    1
  10860. My ties are not antiques, they are provided by The Tie Bar. But what would be wrong if they were? Antiques are history.
    1
  10861. Pretty much.
    1
  10862. Thank you!
    1
  10863. Thank you!
    1
  10864. https://youtu.be/q_KuAM3PLqI
    1
  10865. Those are from Robin Hood (1922)
    1
  10866. It was simply a nick-name, originated by the Germans and then used popularly in the American press.
    1
  10867. Respectfully, our research goes far beyond Wikipedia.
    1
  10868. No one has ever been awarded more than two medals of honor, and only nineteen people have received two. The first person to be awarded two medals of honor was Tom Custer: https://youtu.be/8SLLd7X7dpA
    1
  10869. I happen to have an ancestor of my own who was prominent in that battle.
    1
  10870. peter blood that she is
    1
  10871. Wow! Never heard that story. I will check it out.
    1
  10872. Yes, that was then President Bush being shown the Cray 2 at Ames.
    1
  10873. That was between belligerents.
    1
  10874. Still, that was between belligerent nations. I don't see the importance of the parsing-- does the term used make the act more or less terrible? Some of the bombing in WWII was specifically described as terror bombing. But the point here is that the Black Tom explosion cannot have been an act of war, because the two nations were not at war. Most people who are called terrorists believe themselves to be in a war for survival, and claim that their targets are legitimate targets in some way.
    1
  10875. https://youtu.be/Dgn-6DpUW6k
    1
  10876. It is a drive for me, but well worth it. It is a fantastic museum. There is R-4b on display, hanging from the ceiling in the WWII gallery.
    1
  10877. https://youtu.be/LbfX76LaZ3A?si=xQGP8hJ9YlMLO22J
    1
  10878. Not that i can find recorded.
    1
  10879. LOL no, I don't actually live in a bow tie. That particular photo was taken in 2015, two years before we created the YouTube channel.
    1
  10880. The Titanic's destination was New York, and a great number of the passengers were either Americans or on their way to become Americans. I mean no disrespect to GB, but it was also an American disaster. I do plan to eventually do an episode on the Wilhelm Gustav.
    1
  10881. That was especially true in the Wars in Lombardy , where the majority of the combatants were foreign mercenaries.
    1
  10882. A seabird in the genus Sula, part of the Sulidae family.
    1
  10883. The theory is that Europeans had built up relatively more immunity because of extensive trade networks that had already exposed them to diseases from Europe, Asia and Africa. The people's of the new world simply hadn't been exposed to as much. But, of course, Syphilis is an example of a nasty surprise that Europeans likely acquired in the New World.( although there is some disagreement on that.) Europeans also proved extremely susceptible to malaria, where native populations are more likely to have developed resistance. Service in the tropics was very often fatal for Europeans.
    1
  10884. If you have information or media that you are willing to share (with credit given of course) feel free to email THG@thehistoryguy.net
    1
  10885.  @-.Steven  he is a handsome devil.
    1
  10886. Robert Todd Lincoln had three children and three grandchildren. All three grandchildren died childless, ending the direct line of Abraham Lincoln.
    1
  10887. Michael White we actually have kept our YT lives and our real lives separate so far.
    1
  10888. The location in the Philippines was once used as a bathing place.
    1
  10889. I have seen different accounts.
    1
  10890. I have talked about many, but by no means all such events. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGi-qJ9yauSq1ugvddQZoyQQ
    1
  10891. This one: https://youtu.be/H6IlLm-Jwi4 or this one: https://youtu.be/oJWjTp7DHEk
    1
  10892. Thank you so much for that.
    1
  10893. Agreed. As I mentioned Star Tiger wouldn't even have been in the mysterious "triangle." But that doesn't make mysterious disappearances any less mysterious.
    1
  10894. No one would have been there to maintain Buoys in 1827. But the currents always made buoys difficult.
    1
  10895. We will have more episodes on the Korean war, yes,
    1
  10896. Mordion yeah, I agree...
    1
  10897. https://youtu.be/l1AKHDMoKXk
    1
  10898. The last Stratocruiser was delivered in 1950, and they were in operation with Pan Am until 1961. (BOAC operated them until 1959 and Northwest until 1960.) They definitely overlapped into the jet era, and the major airlines using them replaced them with jet aircraft. It was successful in its niche role of overseas VVIP type flights. The P&W engines were always troublesome, but the aircraft flew a huge number of air miles and specialized in long haul routes.
    1
  10899. A fantastic museum not that far away from us. Yes, it is on our topic list.
    1
  10900. Joe Wright I am not Bill Gates. I can tell by looking at my bank account.
    1
  10901. Thank you!
    1
  10902. No, I don't plan to. It is nothing about agenda. I don't think that I have anything to add to clarify the controversy, and I think a fair treatment of it requires a longer format than my platform. I don't know what you are trying to imply with "you won't." But this is YouTube, if you think the story should be told, why not make your own video?
    1
  10903. I have as well, and there has been some discussion on the string. The scary part is that there was a reactor accident in October 1985 and another in December. One was the K-314 and one was the K-431, and the confusion is over which was in which accident.
    1
  10904. I was using a microphone built into the camera, and never heard the audio issue myself- it seems to depend upon the machine playing back. I have since switched to a good shotgun mic and it is much improved.
    1
  10905. The thinking was that the B-36 was designed for the nuclear mission.
    1
  10906. Yes, that is mentioned in the episode
    1
  10907. I am not sure who you mean- what was she famous for?
    1
  10908. I did not include all presidents.
    1
  10909. Iwabuchi and his force were under the command of Yamashita, who was supreme commander for operations in the Philippines.
    1
  10910. Milkman3572000 while there has been a discussion of “capabilities,” the SR-71 holds the world record. To do so, it beat the record set by the Lockheed 12A set in 1965.
    1
  10911. verne davis that is the listed cruising range for the U-151 class at 5 knots.
    1
  10912. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_Sea_order_of_battle
    1
  10913.  @ayettstone  they are just some scammer. Ignore them.
    1
  10914. It was the railhead at the time.
    1
  10915. I have not been able to find any record of him outside the accident report. Is he still flying?
    1
  10916. Actually Newcomb.
    1
  10917. LOL yes, that would have surprised Rommel.
    1
  10918. I think it is safe to say that had Task Force 34 been deployed we'd have seen quite a show from the Iowa class.
    1
  10919. That is a fair point, and i do have some topic ideas on my list related to Portugal.
    1
  10920. Correct, Kittyhawk was conventionally powered. What I say in the episode is that it was nuclear armed.
    1
  10921. Yes
    1
  10922. LuvBorderCollies it is an airship, circa 1914
    1
  10923. I use Storyblocks
    1
  10924. I don’t. Hanover ceased to be a Kingdom following the Austro-Prussian war in 1866. The House of Hanover succeeded back to the British Monarch in 1901 on the ascension of Edward VII. I don’t think the House of Hanover made any difference in the Great War. Germany and the UK had strong royal ties in 1914. Wilhelm was Victoria’s grandson, and Albert, Victoria’s Prince consort, was the son of the Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. The British royal house was actually the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha- they changed the name to Windsor to sound less German. Simply put, if George V and Wilhelm II being first cousins didn’t stop the war, I don’t see how any further royal connection could.
    1
  10925. moonspots01 no- I was there in 1991.
    1
  10926. I do not pretend foreign accents, I find it pretentious, and I usually do it wrong.
    1
  10927. There were more confederates at Pea Ridge, but fewer federals. Overall Westport included a few thousand more combatants.
    1
  10928. That was the Black Watch, reportedly because they wore kilts. The Royal Scots weren't a highlands regiment.
    1
  10929. Thank you!
    1
  10930. I apologize for the mistake calling her a nurse, she was a clerk typist. Oddly, virtually all the reporting called her Suzy. I wonder if that just made for more sympathetic copy.
    1
  10931. Read the comments, they still have surprising number of fan.
    1
  10932. Or it is a country able to admit mistakes of the past.
    1
  10933. It is just a picture of Three Mile Island.
    1
  10934. cr01 there are actually only so many in the Public Domain, although I assume there are many that are not digitized. As there are no known pictures of the gauge change, everything would be ersatz in any case.
    1
  10935. I have occasionally appeared on some television programs on the History channel.
    1
  10936. LOL. sorry about those.
    1
  10937. Lol
    1
  10938. We got it yesterday. Thanks! Expect one of the ties to be featured soon.
    1
  10939. I moved to a shotgun mic after making this episode.
    1
  10940. Yes. It has three prongs but is designed to “cut” the ice cream.
    1
  10941. There is a debate whether the success of ancient concrete was the result of ancient knowledge, or juts the luck of the mix of material available.
    1
  10942. LOL, not sure who you are thinking of, but I don't think it is me.
    1
  10943. The problem is the sheer number of submarine wrecks in the north sea.
    1
  10944. Good eyes. I don't know the exact context of the bit of film, but the short answer is yes. 808 Naval Air Squadron was formed in July, 1940, equipped with Fairy Fulmars, and breifly assigned to RAF fighter command before being assigned to HMS Ark Royal in September. No. 808 squadron was one of just two Naval Air Squadrons that participated in the Battle of Britain.
    1
  10945. Brought there for a movie filming in 1924.
    1
  10946. @ I think that is typically attributed to the wide availability of fresh seafood.
    1
  10947. snubbedpeer all my media comes from the public domain, and I am limited to what is available. Quite frequently these are large maps where I am focusing on a small detail, and it gets pixelated.
    1
  10948. The passengers were offloaded in Australia. Only the ten crew took the return journey.
    1
  10949. moi1000 Taake’s argument is that the beast that was killed in the 1767 hunt was not involved in the killings. He argues that a close examination of period descriptions do not match the beast killed, and descriptions of its victims and capabilities do not match a canid. He surmises that the beast was likely killed by poison. So the measurements of the beast killed by Chastel does not put the mystery to rest, especially as there is no direct evidence connecting that beast to any of the attacks. I think the wolf-dog explanation quite possible, and think it also quite plausible that the creature that Chastel killed was the creature, as attacks did cease after the hunt. But I do not think that the evidence is compelling enough to consider the mystery solved.
    1
  10950. Visual Ronin I do. I use CyberLink PowerDirector.
    1
  10951. Penny
    1
  10952. That has been an ongoing discussion on THG. Oddly, for all the controversy, B.C.E. and B.C. refer to the same date. Without intending to make any kind of statement, we've decided to stick with B.C. simply because that seems to be the term with which our audience is most familiar.
    1
  10953. Oddly. They are not one of the uniformed services. Their officers can be commissioned into the naval reserve.
    1
  10954. I have not seen that story.
    1
  10955. Lol
    1
  10956. I use a program called Viddyoze. I simply drop the logo into a template.
    1
  10957. I don't see a record of recognition by the US congress, but by the state of Connecticut. North Carolina disagrees. I appreciate the controversy, but think the episode describes its current state correctly- there is no extant photographs of Whitehead's machine in flight, and therefore his claims are still generally unrecognized. I am not meaning to take the Wright Brother's side. But the discussion of who first invented powered flight can become such a rabbit hole. If Mr Whitehead did have such a machine operating before the Wright Brothers, it was never brought to the public's attention in a way that advanced the cause of powered flight.
    1
  10958. I made a brief mention of the Chindits, but this is about OSS Detachment 101, not all operations in Burma.
    1
  10959. I am sure they have considered it, the general feeling seems to be that the risk is low and does not justify the cost.
    1
  10960. Beau Jo's. Mountain pies. Mmmmmmm
    1
  10961. The numbers are per capita. the US does not have the highest consumption per capita in the world, but are near the top.
    1
  10962. Since Massachusetts borders New York, the coasting law allowed them to pass by Connecticut and Rhode Island, There are many ways to see the birth of the nation. https://youtu.be/UQC2mDnW9mw
    1
  10963. Maybe they were hungry...
    1
  10964. It is not in the Public Domain. But it is easily found of YouTube. I told a very skinnied down version.
    1
  10965. Fair point, but Williamson county has a far smaller population.
    1
  10966. When I was growing up we just had a "bell" that sounded like a phone ringing.
    1
  10967. I did not see that in my research. It might be significant, since Richard I actually predates other references to surloyne. And, of course, Richard didn't speak English...
    1
  10968. They did in 2011. George Schuster's great-grandson participated.
    1
  10969. pforce9 certainly the South did not control and exploit rail as effectively as the North, and that did impact the war.
    1
  10970. They used the Oregon, pacific and Eastern railway for the film. I believe it was a standard gauge.
    1
  10971. yvobalcer https://youtu.be/xUVPTr2j0ok
    1
  10972. That is the primary reason that Shackleton was suspected. He was a man frequently in need of money.
    1
  10973. Admittedly I gave somewhat short shrift to development outside the US.
    1
  10974. Submarines were used to drop off spies and saboteurs.
    1
  10975. Mrs History Guy manages the hairstyle.
    1
  10976. "The Adventure of the Crooked Man" was actually about the 1857 Indian Rebellion. In terms if the first Afghan war, there were apparently children taken who were apparently adopted and raised by Afghans.
    1
  10977. I find no examples of the name being pronounced "Gair-Bull."
    1
  10978. I think it looks like him.
    1
  10979. Magellan TV is run by documentary filmmakers, they mostly produce their own documentaries, as opposed to being a historical repository of documentaries. We do love our subscription, and the platform has literally thousands of documentaries, but if you are searching for ones you've seen on other channels in the past, I agree, it may not have them.
    1
  10980. Richard Allred It takes almost an hour to warm up, and I kept forgetting to turn it on that far ahead, so I finally just gave up. They are awesome, but if you leave them on too long they go bad.
    1
  10981. Great photo! Thanks for sharing!
    1
  10982. It is not in the Public Domain. You are welcome to go watch it.
    1
  10983. https://youtu.be/up-R0rFz0bA
    1
  10984. The description of the tail alone seems to rule out a bear.
    1
  10985. It was actually off the coast of Virginia: https://youtu.be/uXDGzmOkC5g
    1
  10986. The US sued the UK for the damages and violation of neutrality. The Alabama claims set a legal precedent.
    1
  10987. The tail sure seems feline.
    1
  10988. Pockets MacCartney Los Alamos noted particularly a matching scar at the hairline.
    1
  10989. I only meant that it was a targeted killing, not a violation of any rule of war.
    1
  10990. Thank you!
    1
  10991. Yes, the St Albans raid. That is why the qualifier "in peacetime."
    1
  10992. Presumably leaping.
    1
  10993. It is queen size, I know, because the sheets fit. Yes, barbaric, fair point. But I had just put the mattress in, that's not how I sleep. Mattresses can be expensive, but BB is legitimately less expensive than anything comparable from a retail store. I am telling the truth when I say this mattress changed my life. Suddenly I am sleeping at night. Years of insomnia magically disappeared.
    1
  10994. Videos are between five and fifteen minutes. The length of the video shows on the bottom left, so you can see the time before committing to view.
    1
  10995. The XB-49 was a unique project with some interesting controversy. It definitely deserves to be remembered.
    1
  10996. Yes. A culinary website is credible as a reference on food history.
    1
  10997. Bak - Mari Terry I mentioned the Roma in this episode.
    1
  10998. That is a different use of the word "cluster."
    1
  10999.  @robertlordon8511  certainly military decorations can be political. In fact, the most Medals of Honor awarded in a single day was 864, and the explanation for why was entirely political. By point of fact, 96 of the medals awarded for Vicksburg were awarded for actions on May 22, 1863. Whatever point you were trying to make, there is no measure where the medals awarded at Wounded Knee were the most. I can’t honestly say that I have researched every medal from the 100 days offensive. You certainly won’t catch me downplaying the Canadian contribution to the Great War. In this case, I do not get your point. I rather fully described the actions that merited these four particular medals. They were, by any standard, heroic.
    1
  11000. Are you sure it was not Aloha in '94?
    1
  11001. The DC-6 did. Civil versions of the DC-4 did not.
    1
  11002. "Have become?" Am I the only one who remembers how television works? David Attenborough still had commercials. It is "sad" that people forgot that making things costs money. Ads pay for content, I don't apologize for that.
    1
  11003. Dinwiddie was actually the Lt Governor, but de facto ran the place, as the actual Governors were absent. He had a long career in the Americas and played a huge role in mid- eighteenth century Virginia. https://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Dinwiddie_Robert_1692-1770#start_entry
    1
  11004. Oh me, by far.
    1
  11005. Thanks for watching!
    1
  11006. Nick Choporis the tank was captured, and the idea of the episode is that the real story is often lost in the headline. I am sorry that you did not get it.
    1
  11007. We may do an episode on the KVs. But, honestly, it was ill-suited for the steppes and tended to bog down. The lighter T-34 was a better design. About 5200 KVs of all models were built during the war, and some 82,000 T-34s.
    1
  11008. Steve Maviver yup, some of them managed to die a natural death.
    1
  11009. I’d hoped that people would notice…
    1
  11010. The FAA was run by political appointees.
    1
  11011. That is largely my position- there is a lot out there already, and I just don't feel I have anything to add to the story.
    1
  11012. Sound engineers are under appreciated
    1
  11013. Actually, Marine covers come in green, khaki and white, depending on the uniform, and many are the “combination” type that allow you to switch out the cover.
    1
  11014. After the Armistice of Cassibile Italians were no longer the enemy. That opened them up to volunteer for munitions work.
    1
  11015. Yes, I do plan some more episodes on airships, including blimps.
    1
  11016. Well, plants will have natural genetic variance just like people do. And plants whose natural differences make them more successful at spreading seeds will spread their genes more successfully. Over time, the population changes.
    1
  11017. If you have a problem. If no one else can help.
    1
  11018. One of my earliest episodes. https://youtu.be/A4Jqp3REwrw
    1
  11019. Not a relative. That is an early photo of Major General Alden K Sibley. Alden K. Sibley and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers https://youtu.be/cFHU0ElBwBg
    1
  11020. Yes, it is possible to move to Pitcairn island. http://www.immigration.gov.pn/
    1
  11021. That is the song written and originally performed by Woodie Guthrie.
    1
  11022. That is what it was called...
    1
  11023. That is true, and wealthier individuals were able to "stock up" prior to passage.
    1
  11024. This accident involved an AIM-6 Sparrow. Yes, the F-14 could mount a variety of weapons. Photos showing the Phoenix missiles were easier to find.
    1
  11025. The Norge and Shenandoah were both that. And, the fact is that a great many of those bulbs did break. And even the very best of them were tragically subject to the whims of weather. But the Morrell airship is not less historic, nor less instructive about the history of aircraft, because of its flaws. Rather it is a great example of how aircraft development was conducted through most of history. Aircraft safety has been much more the result of response to tragedy than to foresight.
    1
  11026. I am sorry that you are disappointed. I date wearing socks to prehistory, and spend a good deal of time on the archaeology. I think I spent a good deal of time on early sock history. I think the part about Lee’s invention was appropriate. First, the traditionally told tale turns out to be a myth. Second, his machine invented in 1600 is still fundamentally used today. Any sock you’ve ever owned that wasn’t hand knitted came from his device. I think that was worth a couple of minutes in the middle of the video. I certainly didn’t spend less time or effort on research than usual.
    1
  11027. It is! The fort was established by Nelson Miles.
    1
  11028. They were constantly receiving reserves. Many units took casualties over a period of months that represented several times the normal strength of the unit.
    1
  11029. Yes, some city transit systems still use legacy gauges.
    1
  11030. I've actually been the length and breadth of Missouri. (My standard joke used to be "If you want to find success, it is just west of Licking.") It really depends where you live. But if that is outside a city, there is a good chance you live in Maissourah
    1
  11031. NAT HEISLER in the intro I mention that as a far estimate for the development of seaworthy vessels.
    1
  11032. https://pantagraph.com/news/state-and-regional/illinois-man-known-as-the-history-guy-tops-1-million-subscribers-on-youtube/article_cad6096d-32e4-539e-99a3-c4bafa031df1.html
    1
  11033. There are many theories as to the etymology of the term. We do know that it was used contemporaneously to refer to Joseph McCoy, but it may have been used earlier. Some argue that the term originated in Scotland as "the Real McKay." However, the widely held belief that it was coined in reference to Elijah McCoy for his locomotive greaser is almost certainly a false etymology. There is no record of it being used in his time, and the first time the connection was mentioned was in a magazine advertisement in 1966.
    1
  11034. I wouldn’t describe Blinkist that way, but it is not that far off. Blinkist is more of an application for book lovers.
    1
  11035.  @BlueBaron3339  Blinkist is exclusively non fiction.
    1
  11036. I don't know, but I hope the joke wasn't on us...
    1
  11037. That is certainly on the topic list.
    1
  11038. This has been argued in circles. My position is that it was an illegal act against a neutral nation whose purpose was, at least in part, to achieve a political end. That, to me, makes it terrorism.- it fits the US definition used by the State Department when reporting on foreign terrorism. If you prefer another term, that is fine with me.
    1
  11039. Do you know what models? No Boeing 314's survived.
    1
  11040. Occasionally
    1
  11041.  @Frankenspank67  yup- not far
    1
  11042. Another problem with the idea is that vineyards are typically grown on hills for drainage purposes, thus making it even more difficult and costly to flood them.
    1
  11043. Where is your question? The trial was public record, and there are several books and contemporary news reports. I am confident that the content fairly represents the best historical understanding of the sequence of events. I don't make conclusions about the motives, but the bulk of the contemporary analyses concluded that the perpetrators sincerely believed they were dealing with a fairy changeling.
    1
  11044. If you wish to send it, I promise to take care of it to the best of my ability and occasionally display it on set. Send to The History Guy, P.O. Box 1473, O’Fallon, Il, 62269. Please let us know the price of postage and we will reimburse.
    1
  11045. https://youtu.be/BElQES_Dh0Q
    1
  11046. That’s Pocky. He regularly joins the live video cats on Fridays at TheHistoryGuyGuild.Locals.com
    1
  11047. Here, though, the issue is that it deformed threads, which were being hit at a sideways angle. Then the crack would grow under the peened metal. A visual inspection, therefore, might miss the stress fracture forming.
    1
  11048. https://youtu.be/AbXolvI70e8
    1
  11049. Thank you!
    1
  11050. Fair point.
    1
  11051. Yes, i may do the history of the interstate highway system some time.
    1
  11052. Walter Clark because of copyright law. I can only use photos in the public domain.
    1
  11053. That photo is of a beard contest.
    1
  11054. They were used to quarantine immigrants with a y kind of infectious disease. But leprosy would have been very uncommon. The record tends to mention cholera.
    1
  11055. This is the slow version- some episodes are faster. I am a fast talker, and do earnestly work on that.
    1
  11056. Are you seriously suggesting that it isn’t colder in North Dakota?
    1
  11057. Certainly a flawed design.
    1
  11058. I did not alter history, I swapped out four photographs.
    1
  11059.  @ronbennett7885  correct, I do avoid topics that I know will not be monetized.
    1
  11060. Wheels Lifts a ship pilot is an expert who maneuvers a ship through dangerous waters.
    1
  11061. Please email business@thehistoryguy.net
    1
  11062. Shocking.
    1
  11063. I am sorry that facts have contradicted some obtuse agenda of yours. DNA was recovered and compared to a known descendant of his family. This no theory, and nothing connected to “woke.” The remains were those of general Pulaski, who likely suffered from a genetic disorder that affected his skeleton. Intersex conditions are unquestionably a real thing.
    1
  11064. LOL- sorry, nothing you said is correct.
    1
  11065. The Montgolfier brothers flew theirs in 1793. I believe that you are talking about Fitz-John Porter. While certainly interesting, his escaped balloon was not a first. https://youtu.be/xbgHRdM-MXg
    1
  11066. Thank you!
    1
  11067. I don't so stories on debunked conspiracy theories.
    1
  11068. Sorry for the error.
    1
  11069. Thank you for your service!
    1
  11070. Thank you!
    1
  11071. I can’t find anything wrong with the audio
    1
  11072.  @comfortablynick1  I do use a sound equalizer. I apologize if it causes you distress, but it sounds perfectly fine to me.
    1
  11073. Holt's disappearance was a bizarre event.
    1
  11074. That is Columbus Union Station.
    1
  11075. I have a couple on my list. I do enjoy space topics.
    1
  11076. Thank you!
    1
  11077. I agree. You'd have guessed a year in dry dock.
    1
  11078. Even the Germans were convinced the Germans did it.
    1
  11079. This was an early episode, and i had not started wearing the bow ties yet.
    1
  11080. It was later returned.
    1
  11081. Thank you!
    1
  11082. LOL I would still describe myself as a novice.
    1
  11083. Well, the Emus didn't kill anyone.
    1
  11084. Yes, at the time.
    1
  11085. When I google the phrase I get all sorts of explanations, including Scotch whiskey and the Hatfield and McCoy feud. The fact is that there are competing explanations for the etymology of the term. We know that the term was used in reference to Joseph McCoy, but quite possibly did not originate there. But of all the stories, the very oft repeated Elijah McCoy story is, to my mind, the least credible. Elijah McCoy is an interesting fellow and his oil drip lubricator is a fine invention. I do not denigrate him nor his invention in the least. There is simply no period example of the use of the tern referring to Elijah McCoy or his product. The first recorded incident of the story attaching the phrase to Elijah McCoy was in an advertisement in Ebony Magazine in 1966. It is, most likely, a false etymology created by Madison Avenue.
    1
  11086. Ian Brannan just the Anthropology days.
    1
  11087. LOL I don't wear bow ties all the time...
    1
  11088. Yes, I messed up a date there.
    1
  11089. LOL I do pick my own ties
    1
  11090. There are many records of their time in Patagonia, and a few pictures as well.
    1
  11091. It was damaged by a storm in 1946 and salvaged for parts.
    1
  11092. I sanitized it a bit- the original was a tad more...colorful.
    1
  11093. LOL
    1
  11094. I wish the very best luck on receiving a transplant and a speedy recovery. There will be more trips...
    1
  11095. They are all monitized. I don;t know why yours are not showing ads.
    1
  11096. LOL
    1
  11097. I do apologize, it is most likely because you are in Australia. Some documentaries are not licensed in all places.
    1
  11098. When a dropped wrench nearly blew up Arkansas https://youtu.be/jDcog2ZP684
    1
  11099. Many of the scientists mentioned in this episode made significant contributions beyond the scope of the episode.
    1
  11100. I have not yet made an episode on the history of the bow tie, no.
    1
  11101. Yes, the Soviets used rockets like nobody else during the war.
    1
  11102. A fair description.
    1
  11103. The reason was that the airport was technically not open yet.
    1
  11104. Wow, thank you!
    1
  11105. I've seen direct testimony from people who watched it take off from the road at Michoud.
    1
  11106. Teddy Rattlesnake the seven federal uniformed services are defined under Title ten of the Unites States Code, which pertains to the armed forces. But you are correct, and it is a fair point, that there are numerous other federal services that have uniforms.
    1
  11107. Too recent to be in the Public Domain.
    1
  11108. The Medal of Honor was first signed into law for the Navy in December of 1861 and the Army in February of 1862, although the authorization changed in March of 1863 before the first medals were delivered to the war department. Tom Custer was an amazing fellow. No, he was not the first to receive the Medal of Honor, although he was the first to be awarded the medal twice. The first soldiers to receive the MoH were six members of Andrews Raiders in March 25 of 1863, with the first by date of issuance going to Jacob Parrott, a private in Company K of the 33d Ohio Infantry. I am not sure what you mean by "grandfathering," but the enabling legislation, as it was modified in March of 1863, made the medal a permanent decoration, not just limited to actions in the Civil War. As there was no time limit placed on the date of action, and no limit on when the nomination for the decoration must occur, that gave the opportunity to nominate soldiers for actions that occurred in the past, including before the medal was authorized. For example, Adelbert Ames, a First Lieutenant of the 5th US Artillery, received the award for actions at First Bull Run, July 21, 1861, and Captain of the Afterguard George Bell of the USS Santee received the award for a naval action at Galveston Texas November 7, 1861, both actions that occurred before the medal was authorized. There is an episode about Thomas Ward Custer here: https://youtu.be/6p0sLJNt2HY
    1
  11109.  @Metalbass10000  the SR-72 is still described as a “concept.” The program has not been accepted by the US Air Force. As of 2018 Lockheed Martin claimed that no prototype has been produced, although suggested one would be by “the mid 2020s.” The state of the project is more a weapon than a craft, and a “reusable vehicle” is described as a future state. I think the description in the video is fair.
    1
  11110. And none of that was a reason that Nevada was admitted in 1864.
    1
  11111. Rumble stopped automatically posting. I understand some people prefer it, but there is no money there.
    1
  11112. The theory that cloud seeding can affect a hurricane is well disproven for a number of reasons.
    1
  11113. That is an alternative theory that has been offered, but generally rejected by the NTSB.
    1
  11114. VersusARCH I generally disagree. I think the most significant part of the battle was the loss of three more fleet carriers and their crews. Ozawa was correct about location. Because he came from the east, he was turned into the wind. That allowed him to dictate the battle from the air. That became most obvious when the US lost eighty planes as they were forced to go to the far end of their range, and ran out of fuel trying to find their carriers at night. Despite the Turkey shoot, this was a battle the US could not win by air. But that is just an opinion. You make a fair point.
    1
  11115. Our business manager had a red-footed tortoise that loved dandelion greens.
    1
  11116. The topic was on my list, and seemed a good fit when we got the sponsorship.
    1
  11117.  @MBCGRS  I don’t see why you find it irrelevant that he refused to say who had arrived at the summit first until after Tenzig’s death. But, from the start Hillary always said “we,” not “I,” referred to Tenzig by his name, not as some anonymous sherpa, and talked about them congratulating each other as they reached the summit. It is apparent from the earliest interviews that he saw the achievement as a team achievement and certainly never tried to hide that he and Tenzig arrived together. I don’t know what you imagine I have to apologize for. https://www.facebook.com/share/r/XvZJhDoytwDvmxAS/?mibextid=UalRPS https://youtu.be/X4egTHmDYho?si=3In3ycpHDsfFXvEn
    1
  11118. Happy Birthday!
    1
  11119. Yes, they were sold for scrap. There were some tankers that could be leased, but the military vessels value was in the scrap value.
    1
  11120. there is less chance of a mass explosion, but yes, there are tons of un-exploded ordinance from the world wars in Europe, and there are still a few deaths a year from explosions.
    1
  11121. His flight hours are remarkable, but just come down to he flew a lot.
    1
  11122. I don’t imagine the Romans would be much offended by that description. But “pirate” is no insult, and I don’t think that Teuta would disagree that her people attacked and robbed ships on the open sea.
    1
  11123. LOL
    1
  11124. Thank you!
    1
  11125. I use media in the public domain, and use the best image quality that is available.
    1
  11126. Other's suggested that too. That might explain how she knew things...
    1
  11127. There is not s definite answer to that question, but one theory is that trousers were more comfortable for riding horses. As horse riding was often in ancient cultures limited to a warrior class, the wearing of trousers became a man thing.
    1
  11128. He was awarded the Frances Holleman Breathitt Award for Excellence from the Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in 1987 Read more: Robert J. (Captain Kangaroo) Keeshan (1927-2004) Biography - OBITUARY NOTICE— - Children, Program, January, and Television - JRank Articles https://biography.jrank.org/pages/547/Keeshan-Robert-J-1927-2004-Captain-Kangaroo.html#ixzz7gr7Qem00
    1
  11129. Lol literally in the video. Look closely.
    1
  11130. We are constantly revising the merch. Please send suggestions to business@thehistoryguy.net
    1
  11131. Delphinidae is a family of the order Cetacea. That is, all dolphins are whales.
    1
  11132. That is the value reported by the Marines in the newspapers at the time.
    1
  11133. Thanks for the visit
    1
  11134. It is outside the sixty square mile area that was discussed in the congressional hearing. But it is hard to imagine they would not have been affected.
    1
  11135. Actually, the proper name is "Betamax."
    1
  11136. dotch that is an interesting discussion. The war in Africa was certainly a sideshow.
    1
  11137. I see you already discovered that episode. But than you for topic suggestions.
    1
  11138. We have made several brief mentions, but have not done a full episode yet, no.
    1
  11139. I talked about the Christmas true in this episode: https://youtu.be/xUVPTr2j0ok
    1
  11140. Certainly there will be more episodes on the Great War, including more on the Canadian contribution. https://youtu.be/hZgyDPhfipA
    1
  11141. In the US the rust began when some infected seedlings were imported from Germany. If your seedlings had no rust to begin with, then the ribes are no threat.
    1
  11142. She was demanding to be held. LOL I was being patient...
    1
  11143. The era certainly produced some beautiful machines.
    1
  11144. sorry for the error.
    1
  11145. Likely something from the Pine Tree line. https://youtu.be/924n_cAx5zs
    1
  11146. It might well be.
    1
  11147. Good idea.
    1
  11148. The X stood for "experimental." Some insight into the system here: https://www.rd.com/culture/radio-stations-k-w/
    1
  11149. I may well do an episode, yes. Those were F-89s.
    1
  11150. The best of the History Guy: Maritime Disasters. Not the best maritime disasters.
    1
  11151. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liriodendron_tulipifera
    1
  11152. Lord Farquad it hasn’t been taken down. https://youtu.be/tWx6gufENSs
    1
  11153. https://youtu.be/3JKBKXIMGNE
    1
  11154. Which? Yes, those are Matilda I and II tanks.
    1
  11155. All the references I have indicated that it came from the British East India Company.
    1
  11156.  @oml81mm  their website shows a photo of a bale of tea that clearly has the East India Company logo. It doesn’t make sense that they would have thrown VOC tea in the harbor.
    1
  11157. @Martin the “Mutiny on the Matoika” is the name that has been used to talk about the event since the 1930s. I didn’t make up the title.
    1
  11158. @Martin very sorry if I sounded defensive. Despite the name, the mutiny was actually against the executive committee of the US Olympic committee, not the boat,.
    1
  11159. Newish- we've had her over a year. She was desperate to be held, so I obliged.
    1
  11160. Howard Hughes did break the record in 1938.
    1
  11161. The reason for the comparison has to do with what was portrayed in the Mystery plays, with both descriptions being used.
    1
  11162. Tsar Deans I have a video mentioning the Banana wars and Smedley Butler, but it is one of the videos exclusive to Patreon.
    1
  11163. It also meant the engine room could look clean, rather than soot stained. For the first time they could show the engine room to passengers.
    1
  11164. https://youtu.be/PF6muv5jKZI?si=vANwVR4n1Ng0ohgU
    1
  11165. Coffin Man there was restoration done in 1881 and then in 1920 that straightened some stones that were leaning and used concrete to stabilize them.
    1
  11166. Thank you!
    1
  11167. I grew up in Hot Springs
    1
  11168. https://www.yourdictionary.com/fippenny-bit
    1
  11169. We fully plan to get all the pics into episodes eventually.
    1
  11170. https://youtu.be/xhd-tMKlMM0?si=LSKwZ5kPRFyoIgne
    1
  11171. Yes, they did. https://youtu.be/tMrYmy4pabc
    1
  11172. Four.
    1
  11173. There are some contradictory opinions about the safety of the wreck, but the British government is that it is largely stable, and there would be more risk in trying to clear it then t leave it. I think that everyone agrees that it would have been far easier had the wreck been cleared at the time of the accident.
    1
  11174. Look for me- I play under the_history_guy.
    1
  11175. There was a battle during the war of 1812 between militia and British marines, June of 1813
    1
  11176. Agreed- the “disaster” was in the negative publicity. But the car actually sold quite well.
    1
  11177.  @bdpage2023  Mystery of the Missing Congressmen https://youtu.be/bcXFgy322JY
    1
  11178. The thumbnail image was generated in a program called Canva.
    1
  11179. The Thomson was locked in a cabinet. The question was how quickly they moved. Stephen Hunter in the book American Gunfight gives a plausible timeline that might have succeeded had Collazo’s gun not misfired. Admittedly their plan was always unlikely to succeed. It seems likely that they understood that.
    1
  11180. Planes are grounded for weather even in war- see, for example, the Battle of the Bulge. The Germans only took out the zeppelins if the weather report was favorable. The Type U zeppelins, upon which the Shenandoah was based, were even more vulnerable to weather, since they had sacrificed structure for altitude.
    1
  11181. jefferycsm the Navy saw them as a reconnaissance tool, since they could stay aloft for so long. But yes, their vulnerability to weather limited their usefulness.
    1
  11182. Thank you!
    1
  11183. Hatem El-Husseini the missiles were specifically removed, suggesting the intent was not to shoot down. The guns were loaded with all tracer rounds, which, while still capable of shooting down a plane, are more designed to make an impressive display. You are flatly incorrect in your assertion about any intent to “obfuscate.” As I say, it has never been made clear whether they had been given authority to shoot down the plane. But if that was their intent, their munitions load, while still capable of it, was most certainly not optimized for it. And that fact is meaningful. If they had been sent up with the intent of destroying the plane, they would have carried missiles.
    1
  11184. commander31able me, or Daniel Sickles?
    1
  11185. Jason Luck Thank you!
    1
  11186. https://youtu.be/79s6HSu_Ij8
    1
  11187.  @sandrasmith7091  agreed.
    1
  11188. Thank you!
    1
  11189. https://youtu.be/vJMwIar7FN0
    1
  11190. The link to the site is in the video description
    1
  11191. That is an interesting comparison. While the 1992 riots went on for a longer period, they resulted in less than half as many deaths. I would generally suggest that the military involvement in 1863 suggests a more violent event, but that is a subjective matter.
    1
  11192.  @johnlewis9158  https://youtu.be/obY-ESNXr3U
    1
  11193. My pleasure. Thank you for being a fan of the channel.
    1
  11194. ProudVirginian https://youtu.be/H8PREX7TbbI
    1
  11195. There is already another History Gal on YouTube (actually a good channel, worth checking out.)
    1
  11196. Please email business@thehistoryguy.net
    1
  11197. Wiztard he left the US after a mob nearly lynched his father. It is no embellishment. Did you watch the episode?
    1
  11198. There have been many expeditions to find her. They have found and Identified several submarines, but not the Orzel.
    1
  11199. The program is called Viddyoze.
    1
  11200. Passed High School Physics https://youtu.be/tWx6gufENSs
    1
  11201. VetteguyC6 https://youtu.be/tWx6gufENSs
    1
  11202. Sorry about that. Those crazy Greeks.
    1
  11203. I believe I said Arthur Balfour, foreign secretary at the time.
    1
  11204. Yes, i do plan to cover the SL-1 reactor accident at some point.
    1
  11205. LOL, A transplant, yes, but never lived in the Northeast.
    1
  11206. At the time, newspaper accounts alternately referred to the airfield as "New York Municipal Airport" and "LaGuardia Field." I used the name LaGuardia as it would be more familiar to the current audience.
    1
  11207. Gregg Dalrymple that too is an interesting story.
    1
  11208. There is an extant photo that purports to have Roosevelt and Lincoln in the same photo,
    1
  11209. It is a podcast...
    1
  11210. That's so nice of you to say!
    1
  11211. A long tailed bear?
    1
  11212. I never could fine a list of the names of the crew.
    1
  11213. Thank you!
    1
  11214. Thank you!
    1
  11215. peter kuhn there were a few songs, including hail Columbia. But, for the most part, we simply did not have a national anthem.
    1
  11216. We are grateful to our sponsors.
    1
  11217. We have not yet.
    1
  11218. Done! https://youtu.be/w3PekI7QzcE
    1
  11219. The Churchill I had an Ordnance QF 3 inch howitzer in the hull for use against infantry and to enable firing smoke rounds. The howitzer was removed in later versions and replaced with a machine gun. Mk1s were used at Dieppe and continued service along side Mk IIs and IIIs through the Italian campaign.
    1
  11220. The connection between mosquitoes and yellow fever was not demonstrated until about four decades after the quarantine moved off Staten Island Still, there were quarantine procedures even after that connection, and medical journals at the tune of the century still were undecided as to whether mosquitoes were the only way the illness spreads. The great change came in the 1930s when effective vaccines were developed.
    1
  11221. That, of course, depends upon counting both Union and Confederate dead, which is a matter of some controversy. US losses in World War II paled next to those of many other nations.
    1
  11222. Big Blue Bunga Bunga!
    1
  11223. USS Mount Hood was named after the mountain, which was named after the Admiral.
    1
  11224. He is entombed at Westminster Abby in the vault of Henry VII.
    1
  11225. Thank you!
    1
  11226. He was described as being the best friend and the worst enemy. I suspect that he was sincerely loved by many in his circle.
    1
  11227. Recent research showed that the metal was not of Russian origin. The cannon used were likely Chinese captured in the Opium War.
    1
  11228. That is actually how fast I talk. In fact, I was making a particular effort to slow down on this video.
    1
  11229. Thank you for your service!
    1
  11230. Death Hunt (1981)
    1
  11231. Morti Finkenbein there are only so many Public Domain photos of the inside of a 737.
    1
  11232. The lines were changed with the new building. Previously it had been a station.
    1
  11233. There is actually a fair amount of disagreement on that issue. But that is, obviously, beyond the scope of the video. A tree was a common motif in the pageants, and thus a potential inspiration for the Christmas tree.
    1
  11234. 6:46
    1
  11235. Cunard has always denied this story.
    1
  11236.  @dp-sr1fd  Forty Fat Pigs: The 1215 Siege of Rochester Castle https://youtu.be/YJMxj-AdiZk
    1
  11237. I won't ask how you know that...
    1
  11238. In fact, I have one. It is brighter than you might think.
    1
  11239. I don’t take any stand on the soul. But belief in a faith doesn’t mean belief in spiritualism (or necessarily a soul.)
    1
  11240.  @djanitatiana  respectfully, you oversimplify the nature of religion. Certainly most religions do not include seances in their doctrine. Nor do they tend to vouch for the individual spiritualists, many of whom were shameless frauds. The episode nowhere rejects the idea of a soul, nor do I share my personal beliefs on the subject. It is not my practice to insert my own opinions in history. If you interpret the episode as representing atheism, I assure that is not the intent. Spiritualism and seances have been specifically denounced in Catholic doctrine and are generally rejected in many Protestant faiths. I don’t know where every major religion stands on the subject, but certainly 93% of the population didn’t agree as a matter of faith that Helen Duncan could commune with spirits.
    1
  11241. Thank you!
    1
  11242. Yes, I abbreviated the story on the development of the DC-7.
    1
  11243. Thank you!
    1
  11244. Up-armoring an existing armored vehicle is usually called "improvised armor." I hear that it was done extensively in Iraq, but was also quite common in WWII. Thank you for your service!
    1
  11245. The G class boats- called "large torpedo boats," were the equivalent of RN destroyers.
    1
  11246. Talked about it in this episode: https://youtu.be/yIrSBmG46n8
    1
  11247. https://youtu.be/t1LNx1pgMeY
    1
  11248. Both were. Though entirely different designs, the are usually called Matilda I and Matilda II.
    1
  11249. Those are not legacy units, they are the units used today by the nation that built the Texas Towers.
    1
  11250. I do not mean to be exclusive, but it becomes bulky to translate every unit, and the audience of the show is largely American. I tend to use American Customary units. I do, however, often use metric units when referring to events that happened in countries that use the metric system. I talk about the entire issue in this episode: https://youtu.be/yseldOMcT4Q
    1
  11251.  @dolbepe  thank you!
    1
  11252. I don't control what ads show. That is done by Google ads.
    1
  11253. You are entirely incorrect in your assessment. There was absolutely significant public outrage and negative publicity.
    1
  11254. It still operates, but it is a railway tunnel.- no cars.
    1
  11255. jimmy day click on the channel name under the video to get to my home page. Click on the about tab on the top right, and choose “send message.” That will go to my Gmail.
    1
  11256. No, I have no connection to Mr Nye.
    1
  11257. The makers of the show suggest that scene was inspired by the penance of Jane Shore in the fifteenth century, although it is also very similar to the penance of Elanor, Duchess of Gloucester.
    1
  11258. https://youtu.be/nx_zzHjqFRk
    1
  11259. The overwhelming evidence is that they were shooting at nothing, and nothing shot back. This was a case of war jitters.
    1
  11260. Thank you for being a supporting viewer!
    1
  11261. Lucas Johnson this was not an episode on the Battle off Samar, but the story of Task Force 34. It would, of course, take hours to cover the entire battle of Leyte gulf. I do plan to do more episodes in the future covering other parts of the battle in more detail. In the defense by Taffy three, the US lost 2 escort carriers, two destroyers and one destroyer escort sunk. All the ships of the task group were damaged. Twenty three aircraft were lost and 1,583 were killed or missing. Kurita’s force lost three heavy cruisers sunk, three heavy cruisers and a destroyer damaged.
    1
  11262. Very sad story. Thank you!
    1
  11263. I don't recognize the name, no. Francis Scott key did have a daughter named Elizabeth Phoebe,Key (married name Howard) who died in 1897.
    1
  11264. Captain Henry T Elrod
    1
  11265. Most accounts say that overflights had to be approved directly by the President. The Convair B-58 was the hustler. https://youtu.be/XzCviCgiZ1c?si=6PFFlJ1TPI32EYs2
    1
  11266. In this case it is largely intended as a "four letter word." The adherence to miasma theory in the face of practical evidence to the contrary was more than paradigm, as was the rigid application of Koch's postulates. I think Koch would have seen the original form as a model that was flexible, but it came to be applied as dogma- an absolute truth. https://wikidiff.com/paradigm/dogma
    1
  11267. Well, Carmichael claimed to be transgender, and "she" is the appropriate term at that point.I was not trying to make a social statement.
    1
  11268. Government acted, but was not “the hero.” Poor farming practices were certainly a primary driver, as any modern farmer will tell you.
    1
  11269. Thank you!
    1
  11270. 1943 Bombing Raid on Boise City, Oklahoma https://youtu.be/atquoUlQxiY
    1
  11271. The gondola from L-8 is on display at the Naval Aviation Museum in Pensacola, FL.
    1
  11272. https://youtu.be/yIrSBmG46n8
    1
  11273. david lyon no, the station wasn’t in the jail. The jail is now a museum, and artifacts from the station are displayed in the museum.
    1
  11274. Worked out to the South…
    1
  11275. RUaCEO thank you!
    1
  11276. 13:58
    1
  11277. Lol- no he is not.
    1
  11278. We have four, each unique. If you watch carefully, you can occasionally see one photo-bombing an episode. I tried to get any of them to join me for this episode, but they figured out i wanted them to do it...
    1
  11279. More on the history of firefighting: https://youtu.be/NLQmfFfSxgE
    1
  11280. Jim Walker not among US submariners.
    1
  11281. I don't want to dive into it too much, as it is not the point of the episode, but there is a significant amount of disagreement among biblical scholars regarding the dates that the gospels of the new testament were written. The dates are often expressed in ranges representing the various theories. Estimates for the Gospel of Luke range from 25 A.D. to the early second century. In the case you mention, there is dispute about whether 1 Timothy 5:18 is actually referencing Luke, and some dispute among less conservative scholars as to whether Paul was the author of 1 Timothy. I want to be very clear here- we are taking no stand whatsoever on those controversies. The only date we suggest is that Mark was written before 70 A.D. We understand that there is significant discussions regarding the order and time in which the gospels were written. We think the bit we presented represents a fair appraisal of the most common historical consensus.
    1
  11282. I know- flying used to be so much different.
    1
  11283. Well, this time I left up the Frankenstein from the previous episode.
    1
  11284. That is how much energy the falls produce every second.
    1
  11285. Rhode Island has a definitely mixed legacy in terms of slavery, both passing some of the first anti-slavery laws in the colonies and benefitting enormously from the triangle trade.
    1
  11286. We haven't considered a book project yet.
    1
  11287. Choco Latte the goal is 5 - 10 minutes, as in the channel description. This one was over time limit, yes. I do apologize for any inconvenience.
    1
  11288. mdesm2005 well, the first half talks about the Norwegian rocket and the second half talks about the reaction to it. That seems, on face, to be directly relevant to the title “the Norwegian Rocket Incident.” Which part did you want me to leave out, the Norwegian rocket, or the incident? Context is important. If you demand history without context, choose another channel.
    1
  11289. I don't know. Berkeley was closer? There were a couple of references from professors of zoology at Berkeley, so they certainly had resources there.
    1
  11290. I did not create the public fascination with serial killers.
    1
  11291. I have not yet, no, but quite possibly will.
    1
  11292. LOL I have never heard that Russia was involved. They were allies at the time.
    1
  11293. Yes, it is.
    1
  11294. And shows how eager the college was to keep it out of the news.
    1
  11295. I don’t think that anyone here would be offended, although technically America is a continent rather than a country.
    1
  11296. Pocky disagrees.
    1
  11297. That is an interesting question. The character was, possibly, based on a real person named Bill Willams, although that is uncertain. But both the character and Williams rode with Quantrill’s Raiders. While Quantrill had split with the group before Price’s raid and was killed in Kentucky, it is likely that Willams/Wales would have joined Price’s raid as scouts. Likely they would have retreated with Price and made it to Texas, as both Williams and the character Wales refused to surrender at the end of the war and stayed in Texas. Williams died in Texas in an altercation/robbery in 1869.
    1
  11298. That's Pookie, one of The History Cats - he passed away a few weeks ago.
    1
  11299. The US wasn't bombing London with them The Hindenburg and helium is a bit of a canard. Hydrogen has a greater lifting ability, and, since it is common, an airship could leave with the gas cells fully inflated and vent gas with altitude. As an example, the range on the Los Angeles was reduced by more than 1000 miles switching from hydrogen to helium. the ship only crossed the ocean using hydrogen. The Hindenburg would have been far less capable using helium, with a smaller payload and range.
    1
  11300. The Stainless used on the Chrysler building was the Krupp alloy
    1
  11301. Crazy, right? Aim High, Fly High!
    1
  11302. LOL. Dolly Varden- named after a character in a Dickens novel.
    1
  11303. I am honestly confused as to why a few people seem so upset with the description. It is actually quite commonly used. Yes, I would suspect from some perspectives successful entente fliers would be called "infamous" as well.
    1
  11304. I don’t believe the algorithm recognizes cats. Mine get into the videos when they happen to be underfoot when I start filming.
    1
  11305. Happy Birthday!
    1
  11306. William Mallon the 1700s were the eighteenth century CE. I have not found a record or any railways in the US in the 1600s.
    1
  11307. Motoroid ARFC1852 correct.
    1
  11308. Daytona Florida that has been the subject of a lot of disagreement among viewers.
    1
  11309. Fair point. Technically both were based on the Dash 80 prototype.
    1
  11310. Rebeldoug it was destined for America, many of the passengers were Americans, and many more were immigrating to America.
    1
  11311. https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/asked-to-choose-between-bacon-and-sex-43-per-cent-of-canadians-wouldchoosebacon-539257941.html
    1
  11312. I was directly quoting MacArthur, who used the common name. But, in fact, both names are used in the legislation. While the official name of the decoration is Medal of Honor, as it is given “in the name of Congress,” it is not, in fact, improper to call it the Congressional Medal of Honor.
    1
  11313. korbell correct- capturing an enemy standard was almost always rewarded with the MoH. I
    1
  11314. Buck Rogers first appeared in comics in 1928.
    1
  11315. One of my favorite jobs ever, prior to becoming the History Guy, was working a summer at the University greenhouse. I have mowed a thousand miles of grass, and laid nearly that much in sod, and it was a great job at the time.
    1
  11316. Those scenes were likely re-enacted for newsreels.
    1
  11317. Actually my original episodes started without the bow tie.
    1
  11318. Listen again, it was rather obviously done ironically.
    1
  11319. This missile silo in Arkansas? https://youtu.be/jDcog2ZP684
    1
  11320. I only use images available in the public domain, and maps are generally under copyright. I do the best I can with what is available.
    1
  11321. The measurement of size of empire is inexact, in that countries often claim more territory than they actually control. Still, by most accepted measures of dry land area controlled, the British Empire at is height (1920) was more than two and a half times the size of the the Spanish Empire at its height (1810.)
    1
  11322. All fair questions.
    1
  11323. Quite a few, actually. Friedrich Wilhelm August Heinrich Ferdinand Steuben comes to mind.
    1
  11324. Jollyprez correct.
    1
  11325. The definition of what constitutes an equatorial around the world flight is set by the Federation Internationale Aeronautique.
    1
  11326. Might be a bit too recent...
    1
  11327. No, the History Channel has never called.
    1
  11328. I plan to do an episode on the pig war, yes.
    1
  11329. And the body, reportedly, was bizarrely well preserved.
    1
  11330. No, I do not think that is a fair description. The people rioting would not have been better off without the Americans, and they well knew that. The economics- that the jobs went away when the construction was finished- is a common economic effect, and a notable cause for unrest.
    1
  11331. The bridge in Saving Private Ryan likely would have been over the Merderet in the area of Utah beach.
    1
  11332. https://youtu.be/C9q3a3xXAsU
    1
  11333.  @stevesilsby5288  you are correct that NACA only ever pronounced the letters.
    1
  11334.  @peppermintnightmare4741  that was Capricorn One (1977)
    1
  11335. Agreed!
    1
  11336. Yes, seven foot gauge.
    1
  11337. That is an inflatable version of an 8.8 cm round purchased from the Tank Museum. https://tankmuseumshop.org/collections/inflatable-shells
    1
  11338. Thank you!
    1
  11339. I taught speech communication.
    1
  11340. Joshua Rivers I have a degree in history, that just doesn’t happen to be what I taught.
    1
  11341. People even keep their resumes there these days. It is an online showcase of your talent. I am not trying to tell anyone what to do, nor make you buy anything, But a personal website can do a lot for almost anyone.
    1
  11342. Lovely little village. We have some Bisbee topics in the hopper. But the last time we visited, it snowed.
    1
  11343. https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/k-4/stories/nasa-knows/what-is-antarctica-k4.html
    1
  11344. Historical context is important, and yes, that includes slavery. However, that is not a reason to apologize for slavery, and certainly even many at the time recognized the institution as a moral wrong. It is not calling our ancestors “evil” to note that fact. I don’t believe the episode characterizes slave owners or makes any reference to what percentage owned slaves. Don’t you belittle the sacrifice of the Civil War when you seek to minimize the primary cause for which it was fought? (And it was not remotely the longest or bloodiest civil war in the history of humankind. It wasn’t even the longest or bloodiest of the 1860s. That is not to denigrate your point, but the Taiping rebellion killed upwards of twenty times as many people as the US Civil War, and should not be forgotten.) As to this episode, it is a fact that the breed lost popularity when theaters started using bloodhounds in a startling scene in a popular play. I do not feel compelled to produce a long discussion of the historical context of slavery in order to make that point. I think that you have developed a sensitivity to a subject that caused a disproportionate reaction.
    1
  11345. The theory was that the lump of cheese would have far more cannons than the British Captain, and couldn't sink.
    1
  11346. Yes it did. He was embarrassed by the publicity, and contrary to the assumptions that some made, he received no compensation for any of the news stories.
    1
  11347. Morbius1963 he was strapped in.
    1
  11348.  @TheNorfolkman  wow!
    1
  11349. https://www.nps.gov/apco/the-surrender.htm
    1
  11350. KooriShukuen I use the best resolution that I can get, but I am limited to what is in the public domain.
    1
  11351. He mentioned that is his speech to Congress.
    1
  11352. There were various riots and disturbances in Australia between US troops regarding race and segregation. Those didn't likely play any particular role in the Battle of Brisbane, but they were important and may be the subject pf a future episode.
    1
  11353. It has steadily grown. "Just under" still means gaining thousands of subs, which takes time.
    1
  11354. That was a Grumman G-21 "Goose," which did look rather similar to the JRS-1.
    1
  11355. The APU is the engine that is used to start the engines. As I describe in the episode a windmill restart failed they started the APU and used that to start the engines. I specifically say that the flameout was the result of airspeed and turbine speed. I am confident that the description of radar shadowing is completely consistent with the FAA accident report. Respectfully, I don't see how anything that you list is an error or described incorrectly in the episode.
    1
  11356. jockellis yes- he qualified as an aerial gunner and made a film to help recruit gunners.
    1
  11357. I recall the big party being at new year 2000, not New Year 2001. The popular celebration has always been on the 00.
    1
  11358. LOL
    1
  11359. Frank Cherry https://youtu.be/5tUQ7VHnB6c
    1
  11360. I mention that in this episode: https://youtu.be/0tZe3XFZChs
    1
  11361. That does simplify the process of innovation.
    1
  11362. Man in a Van. Klinghoffer was shot. This episode is about the Sigonella crisis, not a full story of the Achille Lauro hijacking.
    1
  11363. Honestly, I have avoided it because I don't have any better answers than anyone else.
    1
  11364. I don't know the story about the missile, but this is a ripping yarn about the legendary speed of the English Electric "Frightening:' https://youtu.be/W4d7VKvG1z0
    1
  11365. Thank you!
    1
  11366. I fully understand.
    1
  11367. The University of Colorado at Boulder
    1
  11368. He does frequently insist that he has not been fed.
    1
  11369. Yup- 1:72
    1
  11370. Rkk O'Tilley it takes a while for it to generate on a new video
    1
  11371. Thank you!
    1
  11372. Pygar2 originally the spike would have had a removable horsehair plume which would be used with the full dress uniform. It is just a decoration, similar to various types of cavalry helmets used during the Napoleonic era.
    1
  11373. Tinkering in Thailand I am sorry we missed your note! Please email me at THG@thehistoryguy.net
    1
  11374. The kids were his- their mother was his secretary. Yes, (s)he was quite the con artist.
    1
  11375. Simon King I am a storyteller. If you want deadpan history done in a British accent, there is plenty available on YouTube. No, sorry, I will not ignore History merely for it being inconvenient to the British. I appreciate the sub, but the channel is what it is for a reason, emotion and all.
    1
  11376. Simon King it is plenty cool to be watching YT drunk- no judgement there. Yes, I sell this as a story channel. I say rather directly in the channel introduction that I don’t think that history needs to be boring. I am going to tell history as if I actually am enjoying myself telling history. I certainly do not seek bias, but I don’t see that as reason to remove emotion from history. History should have you emotionally involved. History should have you on the edge of your seat. You should care about the events and people involved. The drama of history is part of history, and part of what makes history important. And, frankly, every historian preaches, some are just less willing to admit it. I appreciate that you are watching through the catalog. But there are certainly episodes in there critical of the British empire (some viewers think too critical, others argue not critical enough.) I am, truth be told, an anglophile. My earliest interest in history came from Tennyson’s poem “The Charge of the Light Brigade.” I am also a fan of Kipling, and sympathize with his sentiment in “The White Man’s Burden.” But it was a famous Englishman who insisted that portraits should be painted “warts and all.”
    1
  11377. There was agitation on both sides, but it seems likely, given the evidence, that Bismarck saw the war as a way to facilitate unification. Bismarck's own writings make it clear that his intent was to draw the French into war. I make no statement on "fault," both were playing the game of European politics.
    1
  11378. Thank you!
    1
  11379. I am not doing any such thing. I am, at the end, simply portraying the battle from the opposing point of view. What would the 24th do if armed soldiers showed up uninvited in the shores of England?
    1
  11380. Raoul Thomas the photo at 5:26 is Marlene Dietrich with a B-17 crew. That isn’t actually Jimmy Stewart- just a tall pilot.
    1
  11381. Thank you!
    1
  11382. As a devil's advocate, the Hellenistic period was really one of prosperity and relative peace. It is not like the people that he was fighting were angels...
    1
  11383. Sean Dunn respectfully, I think it short sighted to ignore figures like Alexander over modern sensibilities. The Hellenization of the Ancient world was an enormously important event.
    1
  11384. Sean Dunn point taken. We do a lot of episodes on history that doesn’t involve war and conquest as well.
    1
  11385. Name a tourist attraction in North Dakota… ;)
    1
  11386. Prussia represented about 2/3 of the land and virtually all of the leadership of the German Empire. The two were used almost interchangeably by the press at the time.
    1
  11387. About...
    1
  11388.  @jfloresmac  They weren't exact- off by around three inches a side (Zulu was a little more than six inches wider.) They were able to engineer around the difference.
    1
  11389. The conclusion was that the better understanding of ocean dynamics and weight loads today would have indicated better bracing and overall design methods that could have prevented the collapse. That, is, the tower would have been built differently. The study does require purchase, but is available here: https://onepetro.org/OTCONF/proceedings-abstract/02OTC/All-02OTC/OTC-14193-MS/34433?redirectedFrom=PDF
    1
  11390. No- the Fez was a gift from a viewer,
    1
  11391. The report was "the top of a mast," so apparently so.
    1
  11392. I didnt see any mention if the gyros in my research.
    1
  11393. Fair point. Allied reports almost always said “eighty-eight.”
    1
  11394. It was certainly an unconventional battle- there weren't many naval battles in the interior of Africa. I may do an episode on it some day, yes.
    1
  11395. I don't believe that I said that Charles was her grandson. I did mention that he is the grandson of George VI.
    1
  11396. Thank you!
    1
  11397. vesa vartiainen this was initially taped using the built-in mic. We shifted to a shotgun mic since then.
    1
  11398. Ian Dunn there are no known problems photographs of the gauge change. The pictures are public domain images from the age of steam rail.
    1
  11399. The primary reason for the revocation of Dr. Walker's medal was that she was a civilian, not a serving soldier. Similarly, four Indian scouts who had received medals also had their's revoked, as they were technically paid civilians. That included Buffalo Bill Cody's medal. The Bulk of the medals that were revoked were the ones presented for being part of Lincoln's Honor Guard and 864 that were given to every member of the 27th Maine.
    1
  11400. peter okeefe the 27th Maine is an odd story. They were a short enlistment regiment that never saw action-just picket duty in D.C. Their enlistments were up at the end of June, 1863, when Lee invaded Pennsylvania and all units were needed at Gettysburg. Lincoln and Stanton asked them to extend their enlistment through the battle so that Washington would not be undefended. Only about three hundred volunteered to stay. They were able to go home on July 4, so they were promised Medals of Honor for extending their enlistment for just four days in which they saw no action. What is worse, there was no reliable list of which 300 volunteered, so the War Department just sent awards for the whole regiment. All of those were revoked by the Miles commission in 1917.
    1
  11401. Daniel Zellmer the nickname is spelled “Wisky”
    1
  11402. The CG-4 was recoverable mostly for the purpose of reusing the glider.
    1
  11403. I don't wear one all the time.
    1
  11404. https://youtu.be/F4z5-l7u2Uo
    1
  11405. There is a simple recipe by Apicius here: https://www.gutenberg.org/files/29728/29728-h/29728-h.htm#r289
    1
  11406. Actually, at this point, there was no Canada, but a province of Quebec, and Newfoundland colony.
    1
  11407. gym shoe I would say that films rarely represent history accurately.
    1
  11408. The Army lost most of its large ships when the separate departments of War and the Navy were reorganized into a single Department of Defense. The army still operates watercraft, but in much smaller numbers.
    1
  11409. I am doing a series based on my vintage military hat collection exclusive for patron on Patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  11410. No, just duct tape colored tie.
    1
  11411. I am sorry!
    1
  11412.  @ronniewatkins  P.O. Box 1473, O’Fallon, IL, 62269.
    1
  11413. Your short attention span is not my problem. I grew up with television, and so comprehend the connection between advertising and content.
    1
  11414. Your support is greatly appreciated!
    1
  11415. I suppose that you could say all of them were, really. After the poor performance against Finland, many hundreds of officers that Stalin had purged were reinstated.
    1
  11416. Yes?
    1
  11417. There are two accepted pronunciations to the word. I used the one in the episode because, given the poems that were published in newspapers, it is clear that was the pronunciation used at the time.
    1
  11418. https://youtu.be/BElQES_Dh0Q
    1
  11419. Many did. Many could not swim, could not swim in their clothes, or were taken by sharks.
    1
  11420. Some catch phrases only need to be implied...
    1
  11421. Yes- Mingo is a reclaimed wetlands in Missouri.
    1
  11422. Nope.
    1
  11423. The Spanish inquisition was far more concerned with the reformation and heresy, and the skepticism I mentioned come from the actual council instructions on dealing with witchcraft. The Basque witch trials investigated a huge number of people, but produced few convictions and only a handful of executions. The Catholic church was more connected to executions for witchcraft in the Germanic states where the reformation and counter-reformation produced friction.
    1
  11424. https://youtu.be/Ne1BIKYvSFk
    1
  11425. They are largely concentrated in a few collections.
    1
  11426. There has been no film that I know of. But the plot of The High and the Mighty is surprisingly similar, despite the movie having come out before the accident.
    1
  11427. Person x she was purring like crazy
    1
  11428. Likely a mock up, frequently based on a T-34 chassis. That was what was used in Saving Private Ryan.
    1
  11429. Just a PD image. Ours are actually not that interested in the tree.
    1
  11430. He certainly made some advances in heavier than air flight. There were so many involved in advances at the time that it is difficult to give everyone credit.
    1
  11431. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhaqf9Nk_fkzRlQNrsB2iMb
    1
  11432. It is not. Google translate tells me the French word for corrugated is ondulé.
    1
  11433. @ I gave the etymology. It is from Middle Dutch. Waffle isn’t Latin.
    1
  11434. Thank you!
    1
  11435. The treaty of Guadeloupe-Hidalgo generally agreed to the Rio Grande as the border. I think that you might mean a very interesting and largely forgotten bit of history called the McClean Ocampo treaty of 1859.
    1
  11436. K ris there is no particular agenda for which topics she may host.
    1
  11437. Thank you!
    1
  11438. Da Hawk passion for your work is good for your health.
    1
  11439. Since the episode was produced we received word from Fellows' descendants claiming they have proof that he did return to Kentucky.
    1
  11440. Zen Jazz thanks!
    1
  11441. https://youtu.be/xWP7Oq-g5M0
    1
  11442. I plan future episodes on Mr Sickles, but his Civil War history is the part that is less "forgotten."
    1
  11443. At the time a Brigadier General
    1
  11444. Thank you!
    1
  11445. No- it was part of a 1935 crisis of the Franc- investors were pulling gold out of France.
    1
  11446. Matt HW I wouldn’t call it as determinative as that, but yes, one decision had an outsized impact.
    1
  11447. Some discussion of that in this episode: The War Elephants of Carthage https://youtu.be/yLUEL-YbGcc
    1
  11448. Actually, we have much more varied coinage these days- for decades it was just the six presidents (The Lincoln cent, the Jefferson nickel, the FDR dime, the Washington quarter, the Kennedy half-dollar and the Eisenhower dollar.) Now we have all the state and "America the Beautiful" quarters and the presidential, innovation, and Native American dollars. But I do agree, I'd love to see some versions of the previous liberty designs.
    1
  11449. Thank you!
    1
  11450. JAS Aerial maybe two more.
    1
  11451. There had long been discussion whether the African Bush Elephant and the African Forest Elephant were separate species. Both are so difficult to domesticate that it raises significant questions as to their use in war.
    1
  11452. Thanks! Noted the error in the pinned comment.
    1
  11453. I have not yet.
    1
  11454. Hmmm- history of dinner etiquette. I will research and see what I can find...
    1
  11455. 1bottlejackdaniels I decided not to take on the topic of the Liberty because feelings run to high on the subject. My goal here is not to exclude people, although that is impossible to avoid on the world wide web. But I will not be dragged into a controversial discussion.
    1
  11456. That comment was made by the then director of the Lawrence Livermore national laboratory in congressional testimony. But he was making a narrow point. It could not have contaminated nearly as much area nor endangered as many people as Chernobyl, but, rather than just radiation contamination, it would have been contaminating soil with actual particles of uranium.
    1
  11457. Not really- Phillips and Robertson compete for the same space, and, for most of their existence, were used for the same purpose. It really was that Canadians used Robertsons where everyone else used Phillips.
    1
  11458. It is a very clean vintage hat that came with both the box and a pair of opera gloves.
    1
  11459. I did not compare rasher to streaky. Rasher is thin cut English bacon.
    1
  11460.  @sandramonk1  in comparison means not the same. The script is quite clear that a rasher is thinly cut English bacon, which is different than streaky. I am sorry if there was confusion.
    1
  11461. I could not find any record of what happened to him. Prospair charter changed its name and then went out of business, although it isn't clear that it had to do with the crash.
    1
  11462.  @karolinaq9359  thank you!
    1
  11463. The trophies from the African safari went to the Smithsonian.
    1
  11464. Certainly enslaved people had a significant effect on barbecue cuisine. But no, I did not mean that in this case, as I was referring largely to Cornish immigrants.
    1
  11465. I did not see that in my research, although that doesn't mean it did not happen.
    1
  11466. Fair point. I apologize for the error.
    1
  11467. It is, although I have always planned to put up some of the older episodes.
    1
  11468.  @workjeff1951  I am sorry if you are confused here. This video is a history video about the time when the world now called Pluto was searched for as and literally called “Planet X.” I get that you have strong feelings about this other, sometimes referred to as, “Planet X.” But that has nothing to do with this video.
    1
  11469. Tim- please email THG@thehistoryguy.net
    1
  11470. George Martin while the ships are rendered with great detail, the scenarios are not historic, no. Players are randomly paired.
    1
  11471.  @rankat1841  I suspected. No worries.
    1
  11472. So sorry for your loss.
    1
  11473. C. W. Johnson Jr my pleasure!
    1
  11474. Thank you!
    1
  11475. If they ask I’ll give permission
    1
  11476. Anakin Skywalker it is an upgrade in the quality of the upload. But it is noticeable.
    1
  11477. It wasn't intended to be a full history of the DC series.
    1
  11478. https://youtu.be/W4d7VKvG1z0?si=DZZ06mf7gVQrGMww
    1
  11479. There is actually a term for it- Metrication- and the US tried and tired without much success. It has been a while since I saw those 88 KPH signs.
    1
  11480. I apologize- i just did not have enough time to speak to all the international styles- or, in fact, most of the American ones.
    1
  11481. I only use photos in the Public Domain. I have to work with what is available.
    1
  11482. Thank you!
    1
  11483. LOL
    1
  11484. September 1, 1914.
    1
  11485. He had much declined towards the end, many think he suffered from Alzheimer's. It does feel, to the student of the history of Victorian England, that England could have used Wolseley and Roberts in the Great War.
    1
  11486. The Surgeon General is the head of the US Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, which derived from the Marine Hospital Service, not the US Survey of the Coast. https://youtu.be/qBkw9zFtqZc
    1
  11487. Sorry- I missed the time stamp. But Yes, I also did an episode on the PHSCC.
    1
  11488. Tonja Peery that is a hard case to make here, in that it was thought to be an accident at the time, and the determination that it was a deliberate act by the German government was made by an independent commission twenty-one years after the war.
    1
  11489. USS William D Porter. ;) Can search the channel for that one.
    1
  11490. Nope- we've not talked about this before
    1
  11491. I wish i had been there for that! I have seen the Duxford "Belle" many times.
    1
  11492. It was an earlier episode, before the bow ties.
    1
  11493. It is a fair point that the split between Robert and Mary is controversial. I don’t intend to resolve the issue, but, to be fair, there is some reason to suspect that she was suffering from mental illness. It is known that he had correspondence from the period destroyed, suggesting that he was trying to protect her reputation. I don’t claim to have inside information either way, but do not agree that we have the evidence to conclude he acted “disgracefully.” Nor do I think the controversy renders his other accomplishments irrelevant.
    1
  11494. Thanks!
    1
  11495. I can't find a record of such. There are certainly people alive in America old enough to have met him.
    1
  11496. On their webpage Rocketdyne expresses the thrust both in pounds and equivalent horsepower. If the goal was to launch a rocket, pounds thrust is more important, but here I was just trying to illustrate the importance of the engine to the space program. http://rocket.com/space-shuttle-main-engine
    1
  11497. History doesn’t always have to bear a lesson, but many can be derived from this story, including, of course, that surprising things can come from the meanderings of history.
    1
  11498. I've found it user friendly, but the same answers don't work for everyone.
    1
  11499. Patterson had the man-eaters of Tsavo turned into rugs, and they were in his house for many years before being sold to the field museum, who had them mounted. That is why the hides look so worn.
    1
  11500. https://youtu.be/p0gRHgwSGhE?si=_2f730-2q5LpLfBI
    1
  11501. Only really Laika. Most of there tests intended for the animals to live, although several were lost.
    1
  11502. iamrichrocker in the world at the time. Of course much larger submarines have been built since 1915.
    1
  11503. Fair point.
    1
  11504. There was no specific intent. That book jacket happens to be in the Public Domain in that the copyright was not renewed.
    1
  11505. In WWI as well.
    1
  11506.  @martincaines2128  Plan S. I discuss it around 3:32.
    1
  11507. Yes- it was huge
    1
  11508. The issue has been corrected in newer episodes.
    1
  11509. Not really, i think it is a perspective thing.
    1
  11510. I worked in an industry where records had to be maintained with backup, and the system was fairly comprehensive, including required multiple site backups. It would take either a concerted act or a very widespread disaster to lose those records.
    1
  11511. jjj1951 The film is based on a book written by an English officer, and in the book, the destroyer was English and the story described as fictional.
    1
  11512. Fremont had been given command in the west, and had ordered Lyon to retreat. Lyon either ignored or received the order too late.
    1
  11513. Dexter Koula why? Why?
    1
  11514.  @DT-sb9sv  The remains were taken from the plinth of the Savannah Pulaski memorial- there were no other remains there. Of course the anthropologists did not assume this was Pulaski's remains, that is why the DNA testing was done. Mitochondrial DNA matched to the known remains of his great niece. The suggestion of Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia was offered by the assistant county coroner in Atlanta, based on a medical journal article, to attempt to explain why remains that were apparently female otherwise matched the known characteristics of the general. I cannot see any evidence that a 1990s county official had any "political motive," nor why a team of anthropologists would have shared that motive, nor why, if they did, they would have continued with such extraordinary efforts, including waiting decades for DNA science to develop, to identify the remains. That assumptions simply makes no sense, especially since there would be no apparent "political" gain. As an archaeologist, I would hope that you choose to look with an unbiased eye at the evidence rather than jumping to a knee-jerk conclusion that assumes the ill-intent of colleagues in your profession. Your comment, sir, does not lend itself to someone concerned with "real science."
    1
  11515.  @MultiPetercool  only mitochondrial DNA was recovered.
    1
  11516. While I agree, and you give a great description, a nearly undamaged American frigate next to him likely affected his thinking.
    1
  11517. Todd Tourville well, I would say that we would be very unlikely to go to war with Japan today, since we have forged such tight economic and cultural bonds. That is, in essence, what he was talking about.
    1
  11518. Sorry, you are incorrect. Denali, Logan, Pico de Orizaba, St Elias
    1
  11519. Honestly there isn't a lot, but this is a quick read and a good overview: https://www.amazon.com/Operation-IRONCLAD-British-Invasion-Madagascar-ebook/dp/B017KNUUVS/ref=sr_1_18?keywords=the+battle+of+the+ironclads&qid=1564753104&s=books&sr=1-18
    1
  11520. Yes, East Florida remained loyal. There were a lot of London business interests there.
    1
  11521. It has been parts of television shows and was in the media at the time.
    1
  11522. Only in the US.
    1
  11523. The issue was with the FAA, which still has a contradictory role of being an industry regulator also responsible to be an industry proponent.
    1
  11524. I don't think that is a fair assessment. American troops in the World Wars would have been considered some of the least murderous of the many armies in the conflict. The army did have a tendency to send inexperienced officers to the frontier, and that was part of the issue, but Mexico fared even worse with the Apache, so it is hard to say it was just a US Army thing. And, fairly, you could say much the same of the Apache- the two simply did not well understand each-other. You could call it "culturally ignorant" that the Apaches who kidnapped Felix Ward didn't understand that his parents would be quite disturbed by that and want him back. Although, of course, that Apache did have the excuse that it was their lands being invaded.
    1
  11525. That was my error, and noted in the pinned comment, She was born in 1905.
    1
  11526. Umm- no, it isn't.
    1
  11527. There were disagreements by witnesses over describing it as an "explosion" or a collapse. But explosion actually means "to burst or shatter violently." No, there was no fire.
    1
  11528. What do gooseberries have to do with “global terrorism and evil?”
    1
  11529. The "100 hours war." Yes, that very likely will be a future episode.
    1
  11530. blacktar467899 this is my first mention of the egg-nog riot. I can’t speak for others.
    1
  11531. Yes, the one in the intro is a Tuxy. His name is Pocky.
    1
  11532. As a resident of downstate Illinois, I'd be happy to let Wisconsin take Chicago back...
    1
  11533. I occasionally have that happen when I post a link. FB is a mysterious place whose community standards are enforced by bots whose logic can be difficult to fathom. We have a good following there, but I have to honestly say that I don't much like the platform for many reasons. Thank you for sharing our videos- the best i can suggest is re-sharing from our Facebook page rather than posting a link directly.
    1
  11534. It is the best of The History Guy, not actually the best riots.
    1
  11535. Some scientists had, apparently, been issuing that warning about this particular warhead for some time. But, even today. "heat insensitive high explosives" is still a relative term.
    1
  11536. Well, literally they were just in a pocket on the flight suit. But there has always been a question of how they could have gotten aboard without Slayton’s approval.
    1
  11537. I used the American pronunciation.
    1
  11538. MIMisguided I did not mean to be pedantic on the spelling. But it is important to note that the term is “Chosin Few” not “chosen few.,” which might imply arrogance. Do a simple web search on Chosin Few and you’ll find it was commonly used then and now, including by veterans of the battle.
    1
  11539. No worries at all- we love our subscribers!
    1
  11540. I suspect they are. Both WWI and WWII munitions still offer a lingering threat to the world.
    1
  11541. Thank you!
    1
  11542. Kevin Lesch the Mississippi flooding would likely be far worse were it not for the Corps. But there is some interesting discussion of the unanticipated long-term effects of the Mississippi flood control projects.
    1
  11543. Seriously, Titans of War is whole lot of heavy metal blowing stuff up. I could watch it even with the sound off.
    1
  11544. LOL that is some real detailed set watching
    1
  11545. Yes. Robert Todd Lincoln Beckwith's first wife was older than him, and already had children. Apparently, she did not want more, because he had a vasectomy. His second wife had a child while they were in the process of divorcing, and claimed it was his. He denied it, and accused her of adultery. The divorce court ordered a blood test on the child, but she never complied, and the paternity claim was denied.
    1
  11546. Adrian Jordan the murder of Lory Price and his wife was a terrible affair, but the crime for which Charlie Birger was convicted and executed was the murder of Joe Adams.
    1
  11547. I had no idea that was coming.
    1
  11548. studinthemaking correct
    1
  11549. Steam pumpers really put an end to the Rowdies. They were far better at pumping water, but had to be horse drawn and required a professional to operate them without blowing up.
    1
  11550. Why would aliens have taken the ship’s boats?
    1
  11551. The educator renowned for her speed reading method was an entirely different person.
    1
  11552. That is one of the primary functions of communications satellites.
    1
  11553. The accuracy of the 8.8 cm Flak against aircraft is largely attributed to the Kommandogerät device and portable Würzburg radar. There is a lot of discussion of the supposed superiority of German optics for antitank guns. The general consensus now seems to be that the legend has been overstated, but that Germans did produce quality optics. Notably the 8.8 cm Flak used the Zielfernrohr 20 telescopic gun sight, which is considered to be among the best in the war.
    1
  11554. Honestly, I think that melancholy ran in the family. But money and success does tend to magnify the fear of failure.
    1
  11555. That intro has raised more controversy.
    1
  11556. onlythewise1 all four saw significant action
    1
  11557. John Gray thank you for your service!
    1
  11558.  @poetryflynn3712  Policygenius is not an insurance company. It is a broker that helps you select plans from a range of companies.
    1
  11559. Joonas Kaal thank you! I honestly did not know that story was about the two Estonian guards.
    1
  11560. LOL not that I know of...
    1
  11561. Be sure to use the updated code, as the original apparently was not working properly: Please use the link http://bit.ly/2F3ihHf and the code PLAYLANGLEY2019.
    1
  11562. Yes, both were accidents related to hypergolic fuels.
    1
  11563. I am doing a series on my hat collection exclusive to patron on Patreon.
    1
  11564. It was not my intent to say that the events were predetermined.
    1
  11565. Yes, yes it is.
    1
  11566. Just like the rest of North Dakota, it isn't actually real...
    1
  11567. Sixchuter Hatesgoogle that is an interesting story- thanks!
    1
  11568. BCE mans before common era, and is the term most commonly used today. Why does it offend you so?
    1
  11569.  @skydiverclassc2031  yup. https://youtu.be/6F_poSmlC7o
    1
  11570. I have not yet, no. That will very likely be a future episode.
    1
  11571. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  11572. They eat those worms, as well as using them in their lunar calendar.
    1
  11573. keli Surfs he had three grandchildren, but all died without issue. There are no living direct descendants of Abraham Lincoln.
    1
  11574. We have only done that on a couple of episodes that have been up a long time, and were the comments got too feisty.
    1
  11575. We post every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 7am CST
    1
  11576. Much more about Bedlam here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8oU9iHPO4n8
    1
  11577. It is a game. I wouldn’t read into it any more than that.
    1
  11578. I'm from the Black Hills
    1
  11579.  @iclady2  all copacetic, yes.
    1
  11580. I think the flames were too difficult to approach.
    1
  11581. Andrew Besso https://youtu.be/eaQ4_h3gXAI
    1
  11582. There are a couple of behind the scenes videos on the Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/FiveMinutesofHistory/ and I am doing a series on the hat collection exclusive for patrons on Patreon: www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  11583. LOL no, I don't think he was the first....
    1
  11584.  @bibby949  we did. And we saw it during the second world war. I’ve seen photos of vast swaths of these contrails behind bomber groups.
    1
  11585. True- it wasn't anything compared to an Oklahoma tornado.
    1
  11586.  @davidcerullo7976  yes, my name is Lance. https://amp.bnd.com/living/magazine/article258026548.html
    1
  11587. Lol. I plan to stay away from the current political discussion. But I would say that your comparison has an interesting bias.
    1
  11588. Agent Washington Bergall did put Myoko out of the war.
    1
  11589. I don't know that one. The fifth accident of Operation Chrome Dome was in Danish territory . There were other broken-arrows outside of Operation Chrome Dome, although i am not familiar with one involving Canada.
    1
  11590. In fact, the last picture of a guy with a mullet is me.
    1
  11591. That is not a fair description of events.
    1
  11592. Yes, Boston has a different Evacuation Day.
    1
  11593. I wish...
    1
  11594. The contract, which is typical, specifies that the ad be between 90 and 120 seconds and start within the first three minutes.
    1
  11595. Drew's tactics drew criticism in his day as well. The term "robber baron" was coined as early as 1870.
    1
  11596. Thank you!
    1
  11597. https://youtu.be/UObIsmmGD-A
    1
  11598. Yes, the pilot had only one eye. I left that out because neither the FAA nor the pilot seemed to think it impacted the situation nor the landing.
    1
  11599. mirycreek The Navy lists their top speed as 12 knots. Actually, usually packed and in chop, they were likely most often slower than their rating.
    1
  11600. Not that good at math.
    1
  11601.  @gumpyoldbugger6944  agreed, but the point is that I cannot give you more of the history cat without his consent. If he doesn’t happen to want to be held at the time that I am filming, there is no way it is going to happen against his will.
    1
  11602. Baffles are part of the reactor structure that serve as a reflecting medium.
    1
  11603. It is the Juan Sebastian- a tall masted schooner of the Spanish navy.
    1
  11604. https://youtu.be/Pfr0nsh0Ghc - like this?
    1
  11605. Newspaper accounts alternately referred to the airfield as New York Municipal Airport and LaGuardia Field until the modern name was officially applied. I chose to use the name LaGuardia because it would be more familiar to the audience.
    1
  11606. Surprisingly, there are not many pictures of weather radar in the Public Domain.
    1
  11607. They often were. https://youtu.be/cDwsnpo066g
    1
  11608. The third team member in the closing is Carolyn, our business manager. She is Ms. History Guy's sister.
    1
  11609. That is Pookie, he was actually the original History Cat- the first to make it into an episode
    1
  11610. That would be interesting. The animal was a good deal bigger than a Tasmanian Tiger.
    1
  11611. That is a good point- I did not see anything in the research mention the collateral damage to other holiday foods.
    1
  11612. You can email me at thg@thehistoryguy.net
    1
  11613. He thinks he is....
    1
  11614. Rajiv Murkejee that is a fair point, we had brief time talk about it.
    1
  11615. In my experience, there is always controversy anytime pretty much anything claims to be the largest anything. The claim here was derived from local reporting, but there was no methodology explained for how the claim was derived. But it is not an incredible assertion. The claim was “at the time,” and referring to a single project. While the Netherlands has more reclaimed land than that drained by the LRDD, it was done over centuries, and so was likely not considered a single drainage project. Forgive me, please, on inexact numbers, but if the numbers on Wikipedia are correct, the LRDD drained more land than all the land reclaimed by the Netherlands from 1400 - 1900. In terms of a single project, the LRDD drains about three times as much land as that of the Zuiderzee Works, described as the largest project in the Netherlands in the twentieth century.
    1
  11616. Also understand the scale of the United States. The state of Missouri has more than five times the land area of the Netherlands.
    1
  11617. Yes, he retired in 1999
    1
  11618. The water was too shallow for a submerged attack.
    1
  11619. According to YouTube my audience is just 4.4% female. I'd love to increase females viewership, but haven't hit on the formula to do it. Any advice would be appreciated. I have done several U.S. Civil War topics and plan several others. White House pets may very well be a future episode.
    1
  11620. Arnold J. Rimmer I speak to an American audience. The pronunciations are correct for that audience.
    1
  11621. Dennis Lawther that is after the war. The U-155 had surrendered. There are only a handful of pictures if the U-151 class.
    1
  11622. I am very sorry- my mistake. The free version of the documentary expires May 12.
    1
  11623. LOL
    1
  11624. There was a second ammunition ship named USS Mount Hood. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Mount_Hood_(AE-29)
    1
  11625. And what is wrong with that?
    1
  11626. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGiOiy5iEknofAHybnRdaHTW
    1
  11627. I just checked and it is all working fine for me. You might have to troubleshoot with Rumble, but everything is set to play.
    1
  11628. It is because the cameras had to be set at a shorter focal point. https://www.discovery.com/science/apollo-50th-anniversary/why-aren-t-there-stars-in-the-moon-landing-photos-#:~:text=The%20sky%20on%20the%20moon,way%20ours%20does%20on%20Earth.
    1
  11629. Yes, I could not mention every hospital ship, but I did mention a couple of Haven class ships.
    1
  11630. Dr. Harmonica I made this one right after starting the channel- I hadn’t settled on the bow tie yet.
    1
  11631. Largely, yes. One of the reasons for the French intervention at the time was that the US was distracted, and so less likely to intervene. After the end of the Civil War there was more US involvement. There is more on that here: https://youtu.be/aiRkoEn6me4
    1
  11632. Not uninformed, just those accepting the commonly used meaning of the term. Not to be pedantic, but it is uniformed to assume that there is a single meaning to most terms. https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/century
    1
  11633. Which are yours? I thought that everything was in the public domain.
    1
  11634. PrimitiveJoe in traditional Tahitian culture people married younger and the society had fewer sexual morays than in eighteenth century Europe. How is stating that fact “history written by the colonizer?” In fact, that is you choosing to apply the colonizer’s standards to Tahitian culture. Of course there is hypocrisy and failure in “Victorian virtue.” But that was, literally, Britain applying British ideals. It was not a judgement made by Islanders. I don’t see your point other than seeking to somehow manufacture offense. I neither made nor implied any judgement about the relative value of either culture. And, in fact, Pitcairn had developed a culture all its own. One argument made by the defense is that English law should not hold sway on the island.
    1
  11635. This occurred in 1932. They have been the RCMP since 1920. They have not been the Northwest Mounted Police since 1904.
    1
  11636. Actually less than a minute and a half. We understand that some viewers do not prefer sponsored content, and so limit sponsored episodes to two per month. If you don't want to see sponsored ads, please consider the rest of our catalog, or consider becoming a patron on Patrean, where the episodes are posted without the sponsored content.
    1
  11637. My understanding is that an aerostat is any lighter than air aircraft that gains its lift the rough the use of buoyant gas. Airships are a type of aerostat.
    1
  11638. Which why advertisers don’t pay you to put them at the end.
    1
  11639. They, at least, seemed to develop together.
    1
  11640. They do rotate inside a plastic seal- you’d have to lift it above your head.
    1
  11641. That is the fee to apply to move to Pitcairn?
    1
  11642. Happy birthday!
    1
  11643. Compound gyroplanes was a type of gyro I did not mention in the episode.
    1
  11644. Thank you!
    1
  11645. Correct- he went to VMI.
    1
  11646. That is one of the theories- and it does fit some of the details. The two problems are: Why did the people not recognize it? and How did a lion get to France?
    1
  11647. Thank you!
    1
  11648. Oddly, we keep missing the snow this year,.
    1
  11649. Just parts. Another viewer suggested the parts may have been moved to the Tower Museum.
    1
  11650. Not sure if that is a compliment or an insult. But I do try not to get involved in any land wars in Asia.
    1
  11651. Kwstas Zlatinoudis that is explained in the episode. Audubon claims to have collected a specimen, as did a handful of others. None of those specimens can be located today. Ornithologists largely, nut not universally, conclude that the species never existed, but was either a case of misidentification or a fraud. Others think it has gone extinct, and others think that it still exist, but is extremely rare.
    1
  11652. It was an early episode.
    1
  11653. Check the "About" section in the channel page.
    1
  11654. They switched 11,500 miles at about $100 a mile.
    1
  11655. Purportedly the sailor that was injured, William Knight, was Al Capone's unacknowledged illegitimate son
    1
  11656. It is called "Highway Wildflowers" and is from the YouTube royalty free library.
    1
  11657. There are conflicting stories of how many unidentified dead were selected, but it was an officer, Brigadier L.J. Wyatt. There is no official record of what was done with those remains not selected. While there is a story that they were thrown unceremoniously in shell hole, I could find no actual reference to support the claim, and it seems unlikely. Still, both France and the US documented the internment of the other remains in a much more public way.
    1
  11658. The title is not only correct, but literally a quotation by General Samuel Phillips, the Apollo program manager. I take it, by your comment, that you didn’t actually watch the video before demanding an apology.
    1
  11659. My understanding is that all the track has been removed, so it won’t operate again as a train station.
    1
  11660. I take that a quite a compliment! Thanks!
    1
  11661. I have not yet, but we likely will.
    1
  11662. https://youtu.be/6F_poSmlC7o
    1
  11663. f3xpmartian yup- the Lady s Angeles was built by Germany as a war reparation.
    1
  11664.  @jwenting  http://www.soundtoll.nl/images/files/2018/The_Flute_and_the_Sound_toll.pdf
    1
  11665. "Nazi" is the term Gartner used.
    1
  11666. Yes, the Bombardment of Ellwood.
    1
  11667. In many cases the Neolithic revolution predated the domestication of herds. It was an agricultural revolution, but domestication of crops was central. I have so far been unable to find a reference of when the practice of animal castration began, and it certainly may have been part of the domestication process. But I am honestly dubious that it was a central technology in the Neolithic revolution.
    1
  11668. They are, but the Garand is still a carbine.
    1
  11669. Thank you!
    1
  11670. Carmine Zappala according to the National Park Service, it has been closed since the Black Tom explosion. https://www.nps.gov/stli/planyourvisit/get-the-facts.htm
    1
  11671. That is a propaganda poster of the French Empire. The point was to claim the the empire was behind Martial Pétain. It wasn’t intended to be used as an actual map.
    1
  11672. TheEnigmaone1 I included every public domain image of flight 243. The rest of the photos are for illustration. I respect copyright and only use public domain images, and there aren’t many public domain images of Aloha airlines.
    1
  11673. https://youtu.be/1d7dbhhFkog
    1
  11674. He shared this video on his Facebook page.
    1
  11675. We have t-shirts, hoodies, stickers, mugs, a tote bag and a beer glass. https://the-history-guy.creator-spring.com/?utm_campaign=296334545&utm_content=121918705385&utm_medium=cpc&utm_source=google&utm_term=
    1
  11676. I stated exactly both the German argument and the Allied response. What do I have "not right?" And no, much is not detailed in any convention, still today. But international law does allow a merchant vessel to defend itself if it is threatened. That was the grey area here- was he seeking the enemy or defending his ship? Experts on international law agreed that this was a very controversial case. Respectfully, I think I give a much more accurate explanation of both the event and the legal arguments.
    1
  11677. That is not certain, but plausible. But is still doesn't explain what happened to the money.
    1
  11678. Not when pronouncing Boise City. The locals do not pronounce it like they do in Idaho.
    1
  11679. Thank you!
    1
  11680. I think that was an M247. We may put out an episode on the incident sometime.
    1
  11681. It is actually a different mine in a different state.
    1
  11682. Correct
    1
  11683. Bob Nicholas the point is not to belittle Reno and Benteen. The point is that nobody from Custer’s five companies who accompanied him into battle survived, so we lack direct witnesses to the battle dynamics and plan of attack.
    1
  11684. Mike Curtin lol sorry, I missed the point entirely. Yes, a misspeak. I apologize for the error.
    1
  11685. I swear I said interred...
    1
  11686. I can't find a statistic regarding the number of murders with Tommy Guns, (I will keep looking.) but the number was certainly more than three. The Chicago Tribune published an interview with a single gun runner who was arrested for selling fifteen M1928 Thompsons to two gangs in Chicago, he was quoted as saying: “It is no trouble to buy machine guns. All I had to do was to send to New York for them and they were shipped to me. I was getting them for the Mexican rebel army.”
    1
  11687. Thank you!
    1
  11688. The Air Force seems to think the proper designation was LB-30. This was early in the war. https://www.af.mil/About-Us/Biographies/Display/Article/1712834/major-general-clarence-l-tinker/
    1
  11689. It is a good story- it had a large effect at St Vith because it cut off the northern road and tied up the Germans. I might do an episode in the future.
    1
  11690. The battle of the Sunda Strait is generally seen as a part of the larger battle of the Java Sea. It is important to understand this is an episode on USS Marblehead. We hope to tell more of the story of ABDA in future episodes.
    1
  11691. The expansion in New Jersey was successful, although apparently quite a learning experience. It was the expansion, though, that made investors think they could expand apparently anywhere, and much of the resulting rush ended up a bust.
    1
  11692. It is a reversible green and orange. https://www.thetiebar.com/product/BR258ST
    1
  11693. Over the top of what?
    1
  11694.  @thekinginyellow1744  my history is, and has always been, presented with genuine enthusiasm.
    1
  11695. You are correct, and sorry for the mistake.
    1
  11696. It is spelled "Madey." K2KGJ
    1
  11697. Others have chatted about it. Yes, railroads played a role in the US Civil War (as well as the Boer War, the Franco Prussian War and the Russo-Japanese War.) But railways were not central to the prosecution of the Civil War, in which troops were rarely moved by train. It was a war that included railways, but I think it a stretch to say that they were so central that it was a "railway war."
    1
  11698. Vince Klortho this was the beginning of the era of printed broadsheets. They were very exaggerated.
    1
  11699. no
    1
  11700. I think the Stamp Act is what brought them together.
    1
  11701. However you want to characterize the conflict (I strive to stay neutral so much as I can) the term "War of Northern Aggression" was not popular and almost unused in the period, and only rose to favor among neo-confederates in the mid twentieth century. I don't generally find it appropriate to apply to events that occurred in the nineteenth century, as the term would hardly have been recognized then. Certainly there is an argument that Lincoln was a "tyrant," as he suspended habeas- corpus, and even he questioned presidential authority with regards to the Emancipation Proclamation.
    1
  11702. Yes
    1
  11703. Me too- don't get those gas grills- why not just use your stove?
    1
  11704. Henry Talmage "Hammerin' Hank" Elrod, the commander of the Marine squadron, VMF-211, received the Medal of Honor. He was the first aviator to receive the Medal of Honor during World War II. Commander Cunningham and Major Devereaux were both awarded the Navy Cross. The Wake Island Device, for service members who were awarded either the Navy Expeditionary Medal, or the Marine Corps Expeditionary Medal, and served on Wake Island between the dates of December 7 and December 22, 1941, is one of the rarest US military's awards- fewer were eligible for the clasp than received Medals of Honor in the Second World War. The defenders of Wake Island received the Presidential Unit Citation. Numerous Silver Stars, Bronze Stars and Purple Hearts were awarded for the defense of the island. The civilian defenders were given veteran status in 1982, and survivors were awarded POW medals in 1988. Bills recently in the United States Congress to award the Congressional Gold Medal "To members of the Armed Forces who fought in defense of Guam, Wake Island, and the Philippine Archipelago between December 7, 1941 and May 10, 1942, and who died or were imprisoned by the Japanese military in the Philippines, Japan, Korea, Manchuria, Wake Island, and Guam from April 9, 1942 until September 2, 1945, in recognition of their personal sacrifice and service to the United States." Have so far not received a vote.
    1
  11705. Yes, if you dig under all the talk about "rocket structural resin" and the "solid state printed circuit board dashboard," the Dale was very much like a European microcar.
    1
  11706. I hear that the Nebraska state tree is a telephone pole. ;)
    1
  11707. Yes, a lodge hat sent by a viewer.
    1
  11708. NASCAR's origins were as prohibition bootleggers. Crime and sport have very frequently gone hand in hand.
    1
  11709. They do. I do not subscribe to that theory.
    1
  11710. Fair point. I don’t know who chose the name…
    1
  11711. There are two errors. “Several” and “glaring” is a very rude way to say that. In the newspaper I mention the 547 bombardment group. That should be the 456th bombardment group. And I did say 14th Air Force when it should be 15th. I apologize for the errors.
    1
  11712. Thank you!
    1
  11713. I didn't- did South Park do something about TV this week?
    1
  11714. It is a large, ceramic chicken.
    1
  11715. Carolyn (THG's business manager) here: True story - Lance gave me the circus peanuts he used in this video. They didn't make it much further than my drive home... I love them!
    1
  11716. Actually someone else brought up that name, he was not recognized for a very long time because there was no mention of race on his enlistment. His is an interesting story, and I may do an episode if I can find enough information.
    1
  11717. There is a through discussion of what we know about the POWs from Wake, including the amazing story of how one escaped and met Mao Zedong, here: https://www.geni.com/projects/Japanese-prisoners-from-Wake-Island-Guam-and-Cavitie/914
    1
  11718. I am sorry to challenge your memory, but history record the event differently. The march that was eventually held was in Chicago, not Skokie.
    1
  11719. I have no problem hosting my videos here. I am responsible for my content, and no one else’s. I trust viewers to make choices.
    1
  11720. Things often get stupid when pride and politics become involved.
    1
  11721. Agreed- no clip ons.
    1
  11722. If we know their names, I have not been able to find it. One story had them being captured, another had them being killed by the Foresters after they abandoned the tank.
    1
  11723. Old cork- no good. https://youtu.be/tGlLwtqhUKE
    1
  11724. No, this is the first time.
    1
  11725. Thank you!
    1
  11726. I know! Many thanks to the YouTube Partner Program.
    1
  11727. I agree.
    1
  11728. John Johansen her destination, and the destination of many of her passengers, was New York.
    1
  11729. It is just a saying.
    1
  11730. I don't know what in the episode you are asserting is "polemic," but I was making no political statement regarding current politics. The Video was posted in August of 2020.
    1
  11731. I match the theme when I can.
    1
  11732. Buckley survived the war, and was converted to a radar picket ship in 1945. The ship was placed into the reserve fleet in 1946 and finally stricken from the rolls in 1968.
    1
  11733. The note in the bottle was fake. Yes, it is a mystery why they abandoned a seaworthy ship.
    1
  11734. I can't find a clear record of any still living. There was quite a lot of press when Nadezhda Popova passed-away in 2013.
    1
  11735. I apologize for the error.
    1
  11736. Michael Powell it is from the YouTube royalty free music library. It is called “highway wildflowers.”
    1
  11737. Did you watch the video? It is made of cotton duck, and was not invented for, nor is it appropriate for, duct work. Maybe you need to challenge your dogma…
    1
  11738. They were still common into the Vietnam era, but by the 80s only used in a few narrow roles. Thank you for your service!
    1
  11739. Not that they mentioned.
    1
  11740. I can only use images in the Public Domain, and there are only so many of those. Images are for illustration only.
    1
  11741. Larry Brennan stock certificates that were printed in the 1800s would all be in the Public Domain, there were just no pictures of them available.
    1
  11742. There was both a Wicomico and a Wiccocomico tribe.
    1
  11743. That is in this episode: https://youtu.be/J9IabP_W3SM
    1
  11744. LOL did have a stray bit going there.
    1
  11745. The difference in definition is between steam engines and internal combustion engines. There were quite a number of steam carriages that predate automobiles with internal combustion engines.
    1
  11746. https://youtu.be/k5jBcZfD0q0?si=Mf0TbrfvnPqWzyES
    1
  11747. ytg50162011 there is question about that claim, which she denied. I do not take a position on whether she was a heroine. There is certainly disagreement as to her legacy. Per usual, our goal was the tell the history.
    1
  11748. That is one of the theories, but difficult to prove without pathology, and there are other theories that fit the symptoms as well. Rabies was relatively common at the time, but it was rare to get it from a cat.
    1
  11749. Thank you!
    1
  11750.  @goodun2974  while that is interesting speculation, I relied on what was reported at the time and since.
    1
  11751. The Germans largely considered the A7V to be a failure.
    1
  11752. Welcome!
    1
  11753. That is not quite the story. Curtis LeMay had successfully campaigned to have the name changed to SR-71 for "strategic reconnaissance." the change was made before the speech, but the written transcript that was provided to reporters after was an outdated version that still said Rs-71. that is what caused the confusion.
    1
  11754. That was certainly an irony in Doyle. But a biography of Doyle would require several more episodes.
    1
  11755. That was just a cat reminding me she was in the room
    1
  11756. There is a link here, in that Rachel Carson had a tangential involvement in the negotiations between the FDA and the industry that might have inspired her work. I might do an issue on the ban and controversy, but it also might be a little too much to try to take on in this format.
    1
  11757. Nope. Never met him.
    1
  11758. So do I!
    1
  11759. I was trying to fit in as many version of the B-17 as I could.
    1
  11760. Cody Underwood We briefly touched it is a recent episode. It might be an episode itself at some point.
    1
  11761. Thank you!
    1
  11762. All photographs for The History Guy are in the Public Domain. As photos of actual events are often unavailable, other images are used for illustrative purposes. I did not misrepresent the photo of being of the actual victims of Jim Miller., rather they represent the often violent nature of the American West. It takes an enormous amount of effort to collect and verify Public Domain images for the series.
    1
  11763. Not until 1970- a day now remembered as 'Black Tot Day."
    1
  11764. The line is not a myth, he quoted it himself in his autobiography. The car was sold in many colors over its lifetime, but in 1922 the car was moved to selling only black because he had a quick drying paint then only available in black. It was a method of cutting production cost, exactly as the episode says.
    1
  11765. Whether you like it or not, the value of money does change, while 150 lbs is still 150 lbs. Yes, purchasing power has changed, and a nickel today is not worth nearly as much as it was in the 1880s.
    1
  11766. @ and sellers will agree to much less for that nickel now than in the 1880s. That is actually something measurable. Adjustments for inflation are real, not something made up by hipsters. Sorry, your complaint here makes no sense at all. It is not comparable to weight. It is objectively measured and tracked. It adds context to the passage of time. Is it the existence of math that offends you?
    1
  11767. That is the point of the episode.
    1
  11768. I try. Some people seem to find more politics in my episodes than I ever intended.
    1
  11769. I have not yet, but I am sure we will- his is an astounding story. Some men are just hard to kill.
    1
  11770. We post three videos a week on YouTube. In addition we produce a podcast every other week, which we also post to YouTube because some people have requested it. The podcasts are clearly labeled- if you don’t prefer the format you might instead choose one of our nearly 1000 videos.
    1
  11771. Yes I showed a later Pan Am building. I am sorry for the error.
    1
  11772. As they were post 1923, movie stills, posters and trailers are catch as catch can for Public Domain images. For some, they never filed or renewed the copyright. I love the Horse Soldiers- We happen to live in Bill Holden's home town.
    1
  11773. AEROMAGNUM TV he had three children and three grandchildren. All three grandchildren died without issue, the last passed away in 1985. There are no surviving direct descendants.
    1
  11774. The Queen Anne's Revenge
    1
  11775. I can only talk about so much in an episode. I didn’t go back to Steve Allen because it was too far from Carson, especially with the weird rotating host news format that Tonight went through between Allen and Paar.
    1
  11776. We have not changed equipment or settings.
    1
  11777. https://youtu.be/C4wi7ebOIWs
    1
  11778. I've never heard a jackal theory- jackals are rather small. There is a theory about a hyena. The point of the episode really is that the social conditions really drove how it was perceived. merely as a personal opinion, I think characteristics of the attacks more suggest a feline.
    1
  11779. Every castle has a story.
    1
  11780. LOL
    1
  11781. Christopher Johnson: Proud American yes- her family’s farm in Minnesota lost their wheat crop.
    1
  11782. Yes, the etymology of the term is disputed, although the term was certainly used in reference to Joseph McCoy, it may not have originated there. I do very much enjoy Mike Rowe, I am a fan. But, in this case, I disagree with him. Of all the different origin stories for the term (which may have began in Scotland and originally have been "the real McKay") the Elijah McCoy story is among the least credible. That is not because Elijah McCoy was unworthy, he was undoubtedly a gifted inventor. But the very first known mention of Elijah McCoy's oil drip cup as the origin of the phrase "the Real McCoy" did not come until a magazine ad that was printed in 1966. I do agree, though, that the etymology of the term is a matter of dispute. And thank you for the link- it was fun to watch!
    1
  11783. Evelyn Nielsen Wood was a teacher from Utah who did develop a method for speed reading.
    1
  11784. While the "Skonk works" of Li'l Abner was the inspiration for the name, the reason they used it was because of the odor from the nearby plastics plant. https://lockheedmartin.com/en-us/who-we-are/business-areas/aeronautics/skunkworks/skunk-works-origin-story.html
    1
  11785. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjfb8OYuuZl0AcLdy-viAle
    1
  11786. https://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/infrastructure/a22887463/cargo-ships-maersk-rotors-magnus-effect/
    1
  11787. We have occasionally taken sponsorships for history related games that I actually play. Magellan is, of course, a perfect for this channel and a product I highly endorse.
    1
  11788. It is target shooting- the target moves, but was not an actual running deer.
    1
  11789. I simply say that I am old, which can hardly be called ageism. I never say nor imply that only old people can’t chew gum. Don’t gin up silly reasons to be offended.
    1
  11790. We understand that some viewers do not prefer sponsored content. That is why we produce ten videos a month without. We place the sponsorhips at the very front so that you can avoid the content if you wish. I will not, however, apologize for seeking fair compensation for my efforts.
    1
  11791. Dallas McQuarrie I am sorry for being defensive. We do understand that some viewers prefer not to see sponsored content. Our policy is to not produce more than two episodes with sponsored content a month. That leaves either nine or ten episodes without, as well as hundreds of episodes in our catalogue. When we include sponsored content, we say so in the first moments of the episode and in the description, so viewers can make an informed choice. We only accept sponsorships from products we sincerely endorse and think would be of value to our audience. We follow all the YouTube policies regarding sponsored content. Finally, we produce versions without the sponsored parts for our subscribers on Patreon. Sponsorships allow us to keep producing content, and we hope that our viewers understand that we have expenses.
    1
  11792. That discussion is settled for a while at least. The reason for the subtitle is that the channel focus is on lesser known events.
    1
  11793. https://youtu.be/o4o68Lt3fXM
    1
  11794. In surprisingly beautiful buildings.
    1
  11795. I am not sure the agenda, but the term "American Revolution" and "Revolutionary War" are still commonly used and considered correct by historians. Independence Day commemorates the Declaration of Independence, not the war.
    1
  11796. Thank You!
    1
  11797. B-52 Fire at Grand Forks Air Force Base https://youtu.be/QlI-5Nzsa-Q
    1
  11798. I do name the pilot- Edward Wyer. The narrative is largely derived from the accident report, but includes his description, yes.
    1
  11799. No. Robert Todd Lincoln had three children and three grandchildren. But all three grandchildren died without children. Robert’s last surviving grandchild, and Abraham Lincoln’s last undisputed direct descendant, Robert Todd Lincoln Beckwith, died without children in 1985.
    1
  11800. https://youtu.be/hZpJJYbf1ms
    1
  11801. The pre-bowtie era
    1
  11802. https://mapcarta.com/N5660617984
    1
  11803. I don't know which post you mean, but, to be straightforward, this is my channel, and my discussion. I will remove whatever posts I wish to remove. I mean no disrespect, but I do get to control the conversation on my channel.
    1
  11804. There are a lot of stories there- one crashed into snowplows when ATC neglected to tell them to get off the runway. A couple were due to terrorism, and two accidentally shot down by military missiles. These planes flew in odd conditions...
    1
  11805. Watt was the first to add the separate condenser that made the steam engine practical. But I did not mean to ignore Trevithick's contribution.
    1
  11806. I am trying to figure out what to do with the intro. but thank you for watching ten in a row!
    1
  11807. Peter Anderson the original paper is here: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1204.2507.pdf
    1
  11808. Pocky is a scamp.
    1
  11809. https://youtu.be/7PEuedNJ1gc
    1
  11810. I have never heard that before.
    1
  11811. https://youtu.be/l_GPIhNuNFQ
    1
  11812. Please refrain from inflammatory terms like "revisionism." You have not produced any argument that the history is incorrect or has been transformed for political purposes. I strive to keep politics out of my history. My intonation regarding Marquette's reference represents no agenda. There is an irony in Marquett's use of the term, and it is, in fact, rather likely that the "savages" thought the same of him. I vehemently disagree that recognizing that fact represents some "bias," or produces an incorrect historical narrative I am sorry if my tone offended you.
    1
  11813. It is, pretty much anything with flesh can be rendered for grease. I was able to find bear grease for sale on line just by doing a Google search.
    1
  11814. I think they just carried it there. It was a windlass they would spike into the ground.
    1
  11815. Yes, I might do an episode on the history of the interstate highway system sometime.
    1
  11816. https://youtu.be/pN1uWf2_t_g?si=2sa6_uDMDFAUCwxT
    1
  11817. No one is questioning the bravery of the Pasthun people. But this story is real. It is possible to respect a brave stand, even if it is your enemy.
    1
  11818. Sorry- I had to ask on this one. I'll let you know what they say.
    1
  11819. All the info for giving Audible as a gift is explained here: https://www.audible.com/ep/giftcenter
    1
  11820. Doing their jobs under extraordinary circumstances in a way that saves lives. I suspect that every person who was on the plane disagrees with you.
    1
  11821. Yes, it was officially taken into the US Navy under the rules of angary.
    1
  11822.  @razorbackguy6149  https://youtu.be/Nkzkcia-7lc
    1
  11823. I did not try to explain it, but yes, sans-culottes is the distinction that made wearing pants a symbol of revolution.
    1
  11824. Ghrey I think there are some interesting points in the conflicting findings of the various review boards. But it is a good point that everyone knows that the Maine sunk, but knows nothing else about the ship.
    1
  11825. It is Royal Military Police cap.
    1
  11826. Bananas bruise easily and ripen quickly. Varieties suitable for mass cultivation and transportation to market are not easy to develop.
    1
  11827.  @macsnafu we do not, apparently, have another fungus resistant variety waiting in the wings. But yes, presumably, if the cavendish collapses we will come up with something else. I make that point at the end of the episode. It is not easy to do. We are talking about hundreds of thousands of hectares having to replace the existing plants.
    1
  11828. Yes, NACA ducts- low drag air inlets- were developed by the NACA.
    1
  11829. No. The US did not award medals to Confederate soldiers, and the Confederate States did not issue any medals for valor. Some former Confederate soldiers served on the frontier- the so-called "galvanized Yankees," - and in the Spanish American War, but, to my knowledge, none were awarded the Medal of Honor .
    1
  11830. You can communicate via our email- thehistoryguyYT@gmail.com we do try to keep up, although please understand that we receive quite a lot of communication.
    1
  11831. See this one: https://youtu.be/up-R0rFz0bA
    1
  11832. Annette - LOL nope- it is spelled “Ogg.”
    1
  11833. Thank you for your service
    1
  11834. The 1961 film was based on the life of Ferdinand Waldo Demara. I do not know of any films based directly on Stanley Weyman.
    1
  11835. I have never been, no.
    1
  11836. It is on the list!
    1
  11837. It was in the 1920s.
    1
  11838. Thsnk you!
    1
  11839. Wittman at Villers-Bocage was certainly an amazing story.
    1
  11840. I use Public Domain images, iStock and Storyblocks.
    1
  11841. I am honored by that comparison.
    1
  11842. The UnXplained
    1
  11843. Brady Kroeker The discipline of history includes anything recorded, making no distinction with current events. Ten seconds ago is history if someone is recording it. I have stated away from more current events, but don’t have a conceptual line. Technically the channel has wandered into prehistory some.
    1
  11844. Brad Wartman We plan many more on the Indian Wars. I don’t know that we will revisit Sand Creek. Some topics are just painful to produce.
    1
  11845. Thank you!
    1
  11846. The History Guy, PO Box 1473, O'Fallon, IL 62269. - Thank you for your service!
    1
  11847. I have a BA is history. I taught for many years, but in the filed of speech communication, not history. https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4sEmXUuWIFlxRIFBRV6VXQ/about
    1
  11848. Wonderful! Thanks for the support.
    1
  11849. I watched a documentary about them. Crazy story.
    1
  11850. Russell Hltn we eventually came up with answers in both wars. The US, for example, lost no transports when sending the AEF to France. It just took a lot of planes and ships.
    1
  11851. HIPSTERS FOR TRUMP the passenger pigeon is considered a prime candidate for “de-extinction.”
    1
  11852. Mark S it was certainly loud enough to wake anyone up in a radius that included millions of people. The population of New York City was over six million at the time. I think the statement completely accurate.
    1
  11853. https://youtu.be/D4r-HcgaLTA
    1
  11854. Another harrowing tale that will likely be an episode some day.
    1
  11855. The Wilhelm Gustav is certainly on my to-do list. Yes, Titanic was an American tragedy too. Its destination was America, where the vast majority of its passengers planned to stay.
    1
  11856. Robert Kirby Aww shucks. blushes.
    1
  11857. Jon Wisbey that is a great story! Thanks!
    1
  11858. Jimmy Siwik LOL
    1
  11859. The episode was not intended to cover the whole of the Apache Wars. I plan more episodes in future. I also plan quite a few episodes about the Indian Wars eventually. Did you see this one? https://youtu.be/ZhpLg168Pbo
    1
  11860. Why not?
    1
  11861. LOL
    1
  11862. Thank you for your service.
    1
  11863. Rubberized because of the static electricity picked up by the airship. It could be deadly.
    1
  11864. David Hoffman I skipped a few- it wasn’t intended to be a full History- just how we got to the DC-7.
    1
  11865. Not yet. It is on my list.
    1
  11866. LOL that has been a running struggle with complaints on both sides.
    1
  11867. Empty Slot that is up to her. She doesn’t much listen to me.
    1
  11868. Thanks for watching!
    1
  11869. There were no states in Australia prior to federation in 1901.
    1
  11870. These are just three episodes of The History Guy. I have dozens more about both airships and airplanes.
    1
  11871. I am always interested! Fell free to email TheHistoryGuyYT@Gmail,com
    1
  11872. We got the survey results months ago. Two trips still have space available: https://trovatrip.com/trip/europe/germany/germany-with-lance--geiger-jun-2024 and https://trovatrip.com/trip/europe/england/united-kingdom-with-lance--geiger-jun-2024
    1
  11873. Thanks for mentioning it. We spend a goodly amount of time taking those down, but they are persistent.
    1
  11874. Thank you!
    1
  11875. Yes, Mr Black posits that Matthew was written before Mark.
    1
  11876. There were at least some Western politicians who had advocated for war for years on the thinking the the US could make territorial gains, both in Canada and Florida. Certainly some saw the war as an opportunity. I disagree, however, that territorial expansion was a casus belli. If expansion was the goal, there would have been more profit in starting the war sooner. While it cannot be overlooked as part of the war goals for at least some, it is actually obvious that the nation and congress would not have gone to war over expansion. War required a complaint. Still, the war is often seen, with fair cause, as a war of independence for Canada. And there is an interesting counterfactual to be considered had the US taken upper Canada. Britain was rather war-weary and financially precarious by then, and a major campaign would have been difficult to mount. Madison also talked about attacks by native tribes on the frontier, which were shamelessly stirred up by the British. The British hoped to create a Native American "buffer state" to limit American expansion. It was, perhaps, the British aligned native tribes who suffered the most in the war.
    1
  11877. Bomber command always got the new tech first, and one was captured from a downed bomber.
    1
  11878. Unknown Traveller Merry Christmas!
    1
  11879. John Hoff I use only images in the Public Domain, and they are simply not always available in the resolution that I would prefer.
    1
  11880. Frith If you are interested, I will be doing a presentation at McKendree university in Lebanon Il in March. https://www.mckendree.edu/the_hett/current-events.php
    1
  11881. I talk about some famous people's yachts in this episode: https://youtu.be/i_HCn3hMrAo
    1
  11882. I suspect you mean the Palomares incident, although it was B-52 involved rather than a B-47. https://youtu.be/yIrSBmG46n8
    1
  11883. George Allen's family seems to have come from New York, while the Allen clan goes back generations in Virginia. Just glancing at genealogy pages, there doesn't appear to be any close relation.
    1
  11884. Flight Officer Trigg's story is in this episode: https://youtu.be/B-l6_TuSutI
    1
  11885. Patman Crowley that derby (Brits prefer the term bowler) is about as old as the Edison recording.
    1
  11886. It is an inflatable souvenir from The Tank Museum. https://tankmuseumshop.org/products/inflatable-world-war-two-17pdr-shell-sherman-firefly
    1
  11887. the original idea was five to ten minutes long. As they've all gone closer to ten, i am planning to rename the channel. I just have to pick a new name.
    1
  11888. Newspapers from 1985 are not in the Public Domain.
    1
  11889. We plan to.
    1
  11890. The Battle off Samar is a great story.
    1
  11891. We've tried other platforms and simply didn't find viewers. We have worked with YouTube to better understand monetization policies. We are open to other platforms.
    1
  11892. New Hampshire
    1
  11893. Actually, the Lockheed-Martin “Skunk Works” are in Southern California, in Palmdale, some 5 hours drive from Sunnyvale.
    1
  11894. Actually, the Lockheed-Martin “Skunk Works” are in Southern California, in Palmdale, some 5 hours drive from Sunnyvale.
    1
  11895. Randy Kutter that is a throwing dart.
    1
  11896. It is not intended as an excuse, but to show that the differences were really differences in culture. The two sides understood the acts much differently.
    1
  11897. Thank you!
    1
  11898. LOL- I've had youthful indiscretions, but never lost track of my trousers.
    1
  11899. The survey is closed, but there is still space available for these trips: https://trovatrip.com/trip/europe/germany/germany-with-lance--geiger-jun-2024 https://trovatrip.com/trip/europe/england/united-kingdom-with-lance--geiger-jun-2024
    1
  11900. I might do an episode on the Sturmovik. The argument that Russia, essentially, won the war on its own is one of the great arguments among WWII buffs.
    1
  11901. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhaqf9Nk_fkzRlQNrsB2iMb
    1
  11902. Oldeuboi thank you!
    1
  11903. Apparently they hoped to make him the ship's mascot.
    1
  11904. I did do this about the Russo-Polish war. I think there is one photo of the pilots in the episode. Yes, I may do an episode focusing on them. https://youtu.be/Tu3tREaE4Xg
    1
  11905. His father was from Liverpool, and his mother of Irish descent. His only relationship to the US was that his sister married a Scotsman who took a job with an American company.
    1
  11906. That measure was a modern estimate based on the period descriptions of the effects. The Richter Scale did not exist at the time, nor, of course, did the moment magnitude scale. The only references I have use the term "Richter scale," but I think the two terms are commonly confused in the media, so I don't know for sure that the estimate was not actually measured by the Moment magnitude scale.
    1
  11907. Yes they did.
    1
  11908. Les B well, we don’t have any Romans around to ask, do we? ;) Actually it is likely related to the size of humans, horses, and cargo, as well as the limits of axle strength. Similar factors affect train gauge. While there is some speculation about how the standard gauge might derive directly from Roman roads, in fact, it is most likely a coincidence related to the fact that both were designed to convey humans, and, originally, be pulled by a team of horses.
    1
  11909. 1831 is too soon?
    1
  11910. I do talk to fast- I really do my best to slow down.
    1
  11911. We understand that some people do not prefer sponsored content. That is why we made it clear from the start that the episode was sponsored, in case viewers would prefer to view one of our nearly three hundred episodes without sponsored content. Creating these episodes requires quite a lot of time and effort. Seeking fair compensation for my efforts is not "selling out," it is called "employment."
    1
  11912. Hopefully without gunplay.
    1
  11913. That wasn't me whose father passed. I was quoting Steve Bryant. https://stevebryantblog.com/2018/05/08/captain-kangaroo-taught-us-all/
    1
  11914. https://youtu.be/d0W4l3o2D78
    1
  11915. And that was his downfall.
    1
  11916. Who Me? The real story is that we made it too expensive to hang on to us, so they walked away.
    1
  11917. There are many food videos! Check out our playlist here: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGh1AXjLrFFbhOQmfI34hA9g
    1
  11918. Thank you, I do try to be.
    1
  11919. The Tank Duel at St. Vith, Belgium https://youtu.be/nN20NryI3Dw
    1
  11920. Pete Giannopoulos yes, I am.
    1
  11921. Prost!
    1
  11922. Andy Reid it is not a mispronunciation- it is quite proper to use either the pronunciation “root” or “rowt” in the United States. While you may travel down “root” 66, virtually everyone gets their internet via a “rowter.” Interestingly, Australians use the pronunciation “rowt” as the word “root” has (ahem) specific meaning. It is interesting how the pronunciations diverged, and has to do with vowel combinations, but the pronunciation of an ou vowel combination actually changed in England after the US gained independence. (When distressed, do Britons “powt,” or do you “poot?”) As an American, I use, consider proper, and will continue to use, both pronunciations. In theory the same is true of “quay,” which many dictionaries list as properly pronounced both “key” and “kway,” although the difference seems important to some.
    1
  11923. The medicine in tonic is quinine. The gin is added to prevent overdose.
    1
  11924. Our cat Pookie has appeared in several of my videos. he passed away last month, and I had the picture done by Crown & Paw as a memorial to him.
    1
  11925. We haven't done one yet, the details are a bit sparse. Soviet era episodes are a challenge due to the secrecy of the time. But We may well have an episode on the catastrophe at some point.
    1
  11926. I understand the complaints about Patreon, and certainly don't want to force anyone to be a patron. The -platform has worked well for me, and has actually been less picky than YouTube, which will demonetize for obtuse reasons.
    1
  11927. That is definitely on our to do list.
    1
  11928. Goldsbroro North Carolina. I describe that accident in the episode.
    1
  11929. pastorart1974 I started out wearing different ties, and even gasp no tie at all. Viewers remarked on the bow ties, so I stuck with them.
    1
  11930. Yes, most warships carried small arms.
    1
  11931. Noble Hill according to the army, that event never happened. In any case, the supposed giant never made to a the offices of the Guinness book or world records.
    1
  11932.  @camilleszalma4556  Toothpaste: A History of Oral Hygiene https://youtu.be/ODmJJSaoYv8
    1
  11933. David Raybon George Walters. http://www.submarinesailor.com/biography/GeorgeWalters/
    1
  11934. The thumbnail? It is labeled “wonderful dark day, May 19, 1780.”
    1
  11935. It was a wig.
    1
  11936. https://youtu.be/jsZJBCAfiL0
    1
  11937. The DeLorean actually had fiberglass panels with a thin veneer of stainless. I can't speak to why it is difficult to have it included custom, but the cost, weight, and additional machining costs don't make stainless a good for body panels. Interestingly, for some period, at least, Ford made cars with stainless steel body panels for use by their top sales people. https://www.hemmings.com/blog/2008/11/24/allegheny-ludlum-stainless-steel-cars/
    1
  11938. Not specifically yet.
    1
  11939. The Fw 61 was a prototype and never used by the military. The related Fa 223 was used to recover parts of a wrecked Do 217 in May of 1944, but it was wreckage recovery, not a combat rescue.
    1
  11940. Having occurred in 1854, there are no photos. Those are paintings of shipwrecks.
    1
  11941. I am a big Cornwell fan! But still a bit miffed that he did not finish the Starbuck Chronicles.
    1
  11942. Do you have a timestamp?
    1
  11943. LOL what?
    1
  11944. Thank you!
    1
  11945. Thank you!
    1
  11946. Thank you!
    1
  11947. The traditional view is that Japan needed the resources of southeast Asia, and that they decided they would be too vulnerable with the US straddling their line of attack in the Philippines. Essentially, the American Pacific fleet was always an obstacle to their ambitions, and they knew that conflict was inevitable. They attacked Pearl Harbor because they saw it as the best chance to neutralize the American threat while the nation was still unprepared.
    1
  11948. Actually the historiography of the term is interesting. It is a a lesson in the history of the study of history.
    1
  11949. He just wanted to be held. I don’t think he cares about the camera.
    1
  11950.  @JasonSmith-r7k1e  I have a right to pay my bills and get compensation for my efforts. And no, I did not sacrifice truth.
    1
  11951. Wow- what an odd case. Crazy. It is kind of disappointing that they didn't actually fight it out...
    1
  11952. https://youtu.be/OuFlISa73Sw
    1
  11953. The Dale was not a car, it was a scam that exploited the panic caused by the oil embargo, which was caused by the US intervention in the Yom Kippur war. To understand the scam, you have to understand the situation that made it possible.
    1
  11954. Videos are between five and fifteen minutes long.
    1
  11955. Desert Jeff thank you! And yes, I probably would love the cannon. I have a few of the old toys that can shoot a plastic projectile using a rubber band, but none of mine go boom.
    1
  11956. Leland45028 ths ship was retired in 1975, and project HOPE doesn’t operate ships anymore. But there are still private hospital ships. Mercy Ships operates MV Africa Mercy.
    1
  11957. From Blimps to Microchips: Moffett Field https://youtu.be/NDaAnKcwndI Forgotten Airship: USS Macon https://youtu.be/U2h1NNpxcFM
    1
  11958. Who sells your data isn’t the point. Incogni removes the information from the data brokers who collect it. I am not making any statements on the DMV, but if they are selling your data that is more reason to use Incogni.
    1
  11959. Honestly, my house is lousy with cats. They appear to be everywhere.
    1
  11960. The title claimed by the bridge is dubious, yes.
    1
  11961. I have been there a couple of times, and have done episodes on planes in the collection. We will get back there if we can, but so much to see!
    1
  11962. Yeah. Hard to imagine.
    1
  11963. The island is a volcano, yes.
    1
  11964. It is a great service, well worth a trial.
    1
  11965. We have four.
    1
  11966. Talk about the Battle of Hamel in this episode. https://youtu.be/zL0JHPD0uOk
    1
  11967. I talk about that in the episode. It is named after Hamburg Germany.
    1
  11968. That was "Big Tim." "Little Tim" died of Bright's disease in 1909.
    1
  11969. I am doing a series on my hats exclusive for patrons on Patreon. WWW.Patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  11970. can you please email our business manager? Business@thehistoryguy.net - Thanks!
    1
  11971. We understand that some people don't prefer ads, but that is how we are paid for our efforts. I would suggest either choosing YouTube premium or becoming a subscriber on Patreon.
    1
  11972. Not yet!
    1
  11973. There are similarities, but also differences- notably that the members of the EU were much more mature as independent states than the colonies. It does make you wonder how the EU will progress.
    1
  11974. No- demolished in 1878. The former site is now a parking lot for a dog food factory.
    1
  11975. I am sorry to disagree. Yes, the US Coast Guard did valiant service during the Second World War. I have never seen an argument, however, that the Coast Guard had the highest casualty rate of the war. In fact, the death rate for the Coast Guard was less than 1%. Various methods tend to conclude that the deadliest US service in the war was either the Merchant Marine, the USMC, or the USAAF.
    1
  11976. I can’t claim to be the expert- I have never had a dog in Detroit. https://www.eater.com/2016/5/8/11612056/detroit-coney-dogs-history
    1
  11977. Robert Gregory LOL
    1
  11978. I apologize for your short attention span.
    1
  11979. Well, technically, so is yesterday.
    1
  11980. Paladin 06 correct, I completely misspoke that. It was also flight 1549, not 1541.
    1
  11981. LOL- that was not intentional.
    1
  11982. Yes, that may be an episode of its own.
    1
  11983. So sorry for your loss. Yes, it is a sad irony to survive war only to be killed by the mundane risks of life.
    1
  11984. So sorry for your loss. Yes, it is a sad irony to survive war only to be killed by the mundane risks of life.
    1
  11985. It turns out the BMW engine was two cylinder, not two stroke (that was my mistake.) But is is not clear they ever had an actual engine.
    1
  11986. https://youtu.be/cGtpr8N8Xbc
    1
  11987. https://youtu.be/W4d7VKvG1z0?si=DZZ06mf7gVQrGMww
    1
  11988. Said multiple times -Ace of Aces of the USAAF
    1
  11989. I suspect we will have episodes about several other games.
    1
  11990. Susan Schultz I did leave out the story of Princeton and Birmingham, which I hope to cover in another episode.
    1
  11991. This was the United Sates Army, and the measure is by percent of casualties in a major battle. Certainly there are others ways to measure, but no battle in the Civil War approached 90% casualty rates.
    1
  11992. Correct, although that term is out of favor for not being descriptive.
    1
  11993. There is a great degree of disagreement over the role the arms race played.
    1
  11994. Special edition “Hot Watermelon” color
    1
  11995. You are correct on both counts. As actual pictures of events are not always available, we used similar images for illustration.
    1
  11996. The United States never operated a true ship of the line.
    1
  11997.  @lairdcummings9092  lol hardly. Too late for any battle in line, she spent a brief career in ordinary.
    1
  11998.  @lairdcummings9092  well, never fully (or apparently more than minimally) armed nor more than skeleton crewed. Literally sailed from launch to “in ordinary.” While she was a historical novelty, I still think it a stretch to claim she served as a ship of the line. I don’t think that the US Navy would, in general, take that as an insult.
    1
  11999. They ate mast- tree nuts like acorns and beechnuts,- and forest fruits. Their numbers were large because they had a huge amount of habitat. One point is that Europe at the time had been over-hunted for more than a thousand years. Immigrants were amazed that they could hunt at all, as in most of Europe the land and hunting rights belonged to a select few. The numbers found would have seemed unthinkable. It might simply be that humans could not remember how large animal populations were when left in undisturbed wilderness with minimal human predation. (Native Americans did eat pigeon, but in much smaller numbers.)
    1
  12000. The point at the beginning was really directed at foreign viewers who do not grasp the size of the flyover states.
    1
  12001. The shell is inflatable and very light. ;D
    1
  12002. My daughter informs me that my singing voice is sub-par.
    1
  12003. I don't aim for "woke," I aim for history. But I also need to pay my bills, so I am bound by YT guidelines.
    1
  12004. I understand and respect that choice. I still find it a good fit for my channel, which seeks to avoid politics, and I have not found a superior option. But I do understand and respect that others may not wish to support the platform.
    1
  12005. There was tension over loans, but the US made good its debts. It was about France trying to prevent trade with England during the wars of the revolution.
    1
  12006. bill84345 the French were upset by American neutrality and the Jay treaty. That spurred the French to start seizing American ships. The resolution of the XYZ affair ended the conflict. It is simply incorrect to present it as a conflict over debt repayments. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1784-1800/xyz
    1
  12007. bill84345 and, despite issues with finances, the debts were settled. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1784-1800/loans
    1
  12008. bill84345 the US military response- the other side of the quasi-war, was a response to the XYZ affair, which was all related the American neutrality in the war between France and Britain. http://amp.history.com/news/what-was-the-xyz-affair
    1
  12009. bill84345 looking at the Wikipedia on the quasi-war, which is not consistent with the Wikipedia entry on the XYZ affair, there are no references associated with the claim that the US refused to pay debts. In fact, the reference in the closest footnote instead says the fundamental point of conflict was neutrality rights.
    1
  12010. bill84345 I am simply responding. I don’t think that US debt payments were a major factor in the conflict. And the US did not take the stand that we did not owe the debt- we, in fact, paid it.
    1
  12011. It is a Masonic hat- that is a Knights Templar emblem.
    1
  12012. Yes, the two are similar.
    1
  12013. We gave it a go with Rumble, but weren't getting enough views to justify the time.
    1
  12014. He is
    1
  12015. I am sorry, but your claims are not consistent with quite a lot of reporting, a congressional investigation, and at least one eye witness who views the channel. I think it is you whose facts are not straight.
    1
  12016. prismstudios001 I love it too.
    1
  12017. I am not far away in O'Fallon.
    1
  12018. LOL, not very many have mentioned it. The tie came with the vest.
    1
  12019. David Downey they were deflected for the actual demonstration flight.
    1
  12020. “We Dive at Dawn.” (1943)
    1
  12021. It was not invisible to radar, it just had a narrow cross section, Edwards was tracking the flight.
    1
  12022. Matthew Robinson LOL I did not say “Mucky MO.” Is that what the subtitle reads?
    1
  12023. It was not. The 8.8 cm SK C/35/30 naval guns were the same caliber, but much shorter with lower muzzle velocity than the 8.8 cm Flak 18/36/37/41. The naval guns were used on submarines and light boats, and not intended to penetrate heavy armor. The two used different ammunition.
    1
  12024. Rockwell was so famously modest that he would say he was an illustrator not an artist.
    1
  12025. It is true that Kurita had already had two flagships sunk from under him. That might make any commander gun shy. The most popular theory is that he overestimated the force he was facing. However, he expected to meet a force, and would likely have engaged anyway. Other theories are that he was attempting to regroup, as the torpedo attacks had broken up his formations. Once disengaged he did not see that there was more to gain. Another claims that he had reports of American carriers to the north and was moving to attack what turned out to be a false report. Another factor is that IJN doctrine stressed preserving the fleet, and his instinct may simply to have been defensive.
    1
  12026. There are many hospital ships I was not able to mention. I meant no disrespect to the one's I left out.
    1
  12027. Almost the opposite.
    1
  12028. They require direct light. They all work fine.
    1
  12029. In fact, Bennett Meyers became embroiled in scandal over his stock ownership, and was eventually convicted of numerous financial improprieties, suborning perjury and lying to congress.
    1
  12030. William Peters was a decade older than Lana. Actually her first three husbands were roughly the same age as Svetlana, and none of the marriages worked out.
    1
  12031. No big secret. I use a program called Viddyoze.
    1
  12032. We did the Tower in 2005, but not this trip. It does get mention in another travelogue.
    1
  12033. I think her story is as interesting and colorful as many western characters who have gotten much more attention.
    1
  12034. History is stranger than fiction. It often strains credulity.
    1
  12035. There are only a couple of pictures of Stinsons, which were another model used as “grasshoppers.”
    1
  12036. LOL
    1
  12037. U.S. Automotive History and the Chevy Vega https://youtu.be/pN1uWf2_t_g
    1
  12038. Sorry. The maps available in the public domain tend to be reasonably low quality.
    1
  12039. Um, ok. Everyone reported it wrong but you. Good to know.
    1
  12040. That appears to be correct- it was an eight round rotary launcher. I have a reference (actually Eric Schlosser) who says that twelve were on board, but I assume that he must be incorrect. Thank you for the correction
    1
  12041. Bob Bernatchez there don’t appear to be any on pylons in the photos from the fire.
    1
  12042. I hope to do more on the defense of Malta, but do talk about it in this episode: https://youtu.be/MbMwo8gBks0
    1
  12043. As a topic, or as a candidate for the beast? I think it may well be a topic some day- the species is an interesting bit of now lost history. As a candidate as the Beast of Gevaudan, even setting aside how it would have gotten there from Australia, it was far too small and shy to be the beast.
    1
  12044. That is not my map- it is footage from the Magellan documentary.
    1
  12045.  @mustlovedogs272  the map represents states where slavery was legal in 1860. Again, I did not create the map, which represents a Magellan documentary, our sponsor, not the content of the episode. But I don’t know what you say is “false.”
    1
  12046. Yes
    1
  12047. https://youtu.be/H2bOvw7IIRQ
    1
  12048. The Halifax Explosion and the Boston Christmas Tree https://youtu.be/_Uu6GULBKVM
    1
  12049. I have not- I have covered several broken arrow events, but not Tybe island yet.
    1
  12050. I might well do an episode on The Battle of Savo Island.
    1
  12051. Thank you for your service.
    1
  12052. That depends what city.
    1
  12053. They provided him with kayaks - seems he was good marketing.
    1
  12054. There is no question that he took the capitol side in the labor capitol dispute. But he was not nearly as antagonistic, nor as hated by labor, as George Pullman was.
    1
  12055. Faux leather has been around for decades.
    1
  12056. Occasionally there were fatalities when the hooch was made incorrectly.
    1
  12057. They can keep buoys there today. Presumably the problem was the durability of the rope holding the buoy.
    1
  12058. The Kuki war is definitely on my to do list.
    1
  12059. That was a misstatement. It should say two times a minute.
    1
  12060. Those are an interesting story as well- they were placed on Voyager 1 and 2.
    1
  12061. I will research it.
    1
  12062. In theory, they were intended to be reused, and even had a retrieval system. Although the army often treated them as disposable.
    1
  12063. There are various stories, and it is not a surprise that they conflict, given the government control of information.
    1
  12064. LOL not at all. I use Viddyoze. It is just a low monthly subscription.
    1
  12065. No direct descendants, no. Robert Todd Lincoln had five grandchildren, but all died without heir.
    1
  12066. Excuse me? We are supposed to forget history because of current politics?
    1
  12067. I think the gist here is that we cut down the forests to grow crops. And yes, that was a large explanation for the species' extinction.
    1
  12068. spoddie the thermosphere is rather more difficult to reach.
    1
  12069. This was a video about extreme weather on Feb 5.
    1
  12070. Mitchell Rose that was Churchill’s comment, but the allies needed encouragement at the time.
    1
  12071. https://youtu.be/EreCgy4ECpA
    1
  12072. I do not have a boater, no.
    1
  12073. I do plan to do one or more episodes on the Anglo-Zulu War, although Rorke's Drift may be a tad too well known for a channel on forgotten history. I certainly did not mean to denigrate the 24th in this episode, but these four VCs are unquestionably unique.
    1
  12074. Yes, I likely will have an episode on the Texas City Explosion.
    1
  12075. Certainly some similarity.
    1
  12076. mike murfree the Militia acts were amended over time, creating the National Guard. That is what I say in the episode, and that is what happened.
    1
  12077. Since 1989 it is no longer required to be taught in schools. I am not sure that it is only oldsters standing in the way.
    1
  12078. Had ne been convicted, it seems unlikely he would have been able to break the MLB color barrier just three years later.
    1
  12079. Yes, that is my office, and everything you see is real- no camera tricks are involved. The hats are mine and there are a few reproductions, but most are vintage or antique. The rest are things I have collected for fun. The bugle is a reproduction. My wife's uncle gave me the submarine. Was there anything specific you wanted to ask about?
    1
  12080. peter okeefe the ship is the Juan Sebastian Elcano- it is the Spanish navy training training ship. The model is apparently old, but not antique
    1
  12081. peter okeefe the picture of the sailor and family I don’t know. I got it on Ebay because I liked the look of it. It is a page clearly torn from a photo album, and there is a picture of another sailor on the reverse. Neither picture has anything written on them. I find it sad that these people are forgotten. The yardlong is company H of the fifth Missouri Infantry in 1917.
    1
  12082. LOL
    1
  12083. https://youtu.be/tWx6gufENSs?si=QQ4JSTtBSmo7QCOP
    1
  12084. I think there is more to say about the pilots, but we do talk about the gilders' design and use in these episodes: https://youtu.be/xWP7Oq-g5M0 https://youtu.be/6tYd6MAVmf8
    1
  12085. Jon Gardella episodes are scripted yes. In the description at the bottom there will be a line that says “script by.” THG is me HCW is Ms History Guy and JCG is my son. “Believe” is an interesting word- but yes, I would say that the preponderance of evidence supports the claim the Hitler committed suicide, shooting himself through the right temple with his Walther PPK, on April 30, 1945.
    1
  12086. Yes he does
    1
  12087. Diet Pepsi
    1
  12088. Pointing out the effectiveness of this particular weapon isn’t deifying anything.
    1
  12089. I am sorry for your loss.
    1
  12090. U.S.S. St Paul, CA-73, a Baltimore class cruiser, came late in the war, but fired the last salvo from a major ship in the Second World War, and served with distinction in Korea. She was struck from the naval register in July, 1978. I could find no reference of a rivalry with USS Minneapolis, but their careers barely overlapped.
    1
  12091.  @Jefff72  lol yes, I got the joke.
    1
  12092. A Brief History of Soap https://youtu.be/aOL330lir9I
    1
  12093. Keith Coppedge thank you for your service.
    1
  12094. Have not yet
    1
  12095. That is a modern satellite photo. https://www.dvidshub.net/image/835622/changing-face-lake-erie-image-day
    1
  12096. I use a program called Viddyoze
    1
  12097. We intend to get all the photos into episodes eventually.
    1
  12098. The topic was chosen, but not written, before his decision.
    1
  12099. Close! Pocky.
    1
  12100. That has been an issue of fierce discussion and disagreement among viewers. However, I stopped using the intro on newer episodes.
    1
  12101. There is quite some discussion on that. The phrase has been applied to multiple people named McCoy, and might actually have originated in Scotland as “the real McKay.”
    1
  12102. In the UK, it is called a reheat. As this was a British plane, and as Taffy Holden referred to it as a reheat, that is the term I used.
    1
  12103. As I said in the episode, sailors were eating avocado toast in the 1800s. But the trend in the 2000s started in Australian restaurants, yes.
    1
  12104. Presumably, yes.
    1
  12105. Thank you!
    1
  12106. It's from Mova - https://www.movaglobes.com/ - stay tuned for this coming Friday's newest episode!
    1
  12107. There was plenty of substantive evidence that the explosion was an act of sabotage. The commission making the decision consisted of a German representative, and American representative and a neutral representative, and all unanimously agreed that the evidence was compelling. I don't know where you are from, but is your attitude- one of judging others frankly falsely- "typical?"
    1
  12108. Thank you!
    1
  12109. You mean Henry Plummer? https://youtu.be/q_KuAM3PLqI
    1
  12110. Bacon has certainly treated me better than my ex-wives.
    1
  12111. Thank you!
    1
  12112. MarineTech 1/32. :)
    1
  12113. My Panther is 1/72.
    1
  12114. That was the Malakand expedition in 1897. Chrchill's first published book was 'The Story of the Malakand Field Force." I may do an episode on it in the future.
    1
  12115. Sorry, you are correct. It is the Fort Worth Star-Telegram.
    1
  12116. Dink Martini I am confident that the number is conservative. Records are not always clear but at least thousands are documented in France alone here: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01011915/document
    1
  12117. Most likely will yes.
    1
  12118. Did you watch the episode? It was duck before duct.
    1
  12119. Thank you for your service!
    1
  12120. Corbett was of Irish descent, but for all intents and purposes he grew up Indian. He was the tenth child from a large family and his father died when he was four. They grew up in poverty in India, where he is considered a national hero. His books can be said to be possibly fanciful (some facts seem to not align,) but I think your general pretense is uncharitable. The People of India certainly seem to disagree.
    1
  12121. I have watched a good many, and never found one that wasn't. I appreciate the Magellan TV sponsorship, but I am an actual fan of the service. I love documentary film making.
    1
  12122. That was just to show the type of gun. Those are British troops.
    1
  12123. France had hoped to rebuild their fleet, but I think the UK in particular was happy to see them at the bottom of the harbor.
    1
  12124. Ohio.
    1
  12125. At least 2/3 of the geography of Mizzoura disagrees.
    1
  12126.  @nickabbott6278  both are in there because I was directly quoting sources, and they used different measures. But, again, the exact temperature of space isn’t critical- the point is “really cold.” Still, with the diversity of audience, I have to sometimes expect my audience to do the math if they find it important. As a history channel, usually the exact measure isn’t critical to the concept.
    1
  12127. There is specific reason that some historians question the Orkneyinga Saga based on historical context. The question is a matter of discussion, but certainly not agreement. But your argument wouldn’t allow for historiography- of course we should question historical consensus.
    1
  12128. David Elliott https://www.engineering.pitt.edu/First-Year/First-Year-Conference/_Library/Lipinski-Trimbur-Rajesh/
    1
  12129.  @thomassalois3508  HMS Curacoa and Queen Mary https://youtu.be/IdbpKkBtVXQ
    1
  12130. LOL. Does it work?
    1
  12131. subdued reader it hasn’t been made into a film, but it was the subject of a couple western TV show episodes.
    1
  12132. That would only matter at year 1 (as there would be no year zero). But if people celebrated the turn of the century on Jan 1, 1800, then 1800 to 1899 is 100 years. The popular celebration has always focused on the 00 rather than the 01, as that is the year that there is a notable change in the first two digits- in this case 18 to 19. Recently, the millennium was almost universally celebrated January 1, 2000, not 2001.
    1
  12133. My mistake. 1921.
    1
  12134. rallychamp2003 Pronunciation of place names always seems to cause trouble. This is the guide I used: http://youtu.be/zAzlia854E8
    1
  12135. Thank you!
    1
  12136. Garbaz pharmacies also used to have soda fountains.
    1
  12137. https://youtu.be/nN20NryI3Dw
    1
  12138. That is because this episode was about Operation Chrome Dome. B36s were not involved in Operation Chrome Dome.
    1
  12139. Thank you!
    1
  12140. I suspect there were plenty of people standing by to shoot it if need be.
    1
  12141. Numerous kinds of gull are native to Wyoming.
    1
  12142.  @markgarin6355  https://www.batzner.com/bug-identification/birds/seagull/
    1
  12143. There are a few suggested etymologies for the term. I’ve never seen the one that you list. Usually it is either assumed that it was simply from always being covered with tar commonly used in seafaring. But another is that it referred to the tarpaulin- canvas waterproofed with tar- that sailors used to protect themselves while in the rigging. However, note that all the etymologies suggested derive from the use of tar.
    1
  12144. As the channel has grown it has become impossible to respond to every comment. But I do make an effort to be available. I don’t think that is incompatible with Cameo.
    1
  12145. Jeffrey Williamson LOL yes- five to ten, most closer to ten.
    1
  12146. Actullay he killed at least three Japanese solders in the battle. One he killed the first day, and he killed two in the fight in the trench before his gun jammed. In his book he said he felt no guilt, as they would have killed him if they could.
    1
  12147. Ed Tolliver his medals very much fit the standards of the Civil War, but, as you say, the standards were quite different even by the time of the great war.
    1
  12148. How so? It has been done a total of around 300 times total. Most of the comments about the irrelevance of the office came from people who held the office. I am not making this stuff up.
    1
  12149. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  12150. The echo seems to depend upon the device. I don't hear it on mine.
    1
  12151. Yesterday’s accident was a tragedy.
    1
  12152. There is no known German record. British accounts disagree- one saying the crew were captured and others saying they were killed when they abandoned the tank.
    1
  12153. july8xx the Post office helmets are similar, but are molded polyurethane rather than pressed fiber.
    1
  12154. Because it is a warship
    1
  12155.  @JasonFightsCrime  Flucky was known for thinking out of the box.
    1
  12156. Yes, the photo of the Japanese soldiers was included by accident.
    1
  12157. He had three children and three grandchildren. All have passed, and his grandchildren had no issue. There are no living direct descendants of Abraham Lincoln.
    1
  12158. I don't think we have ever portrayed organized crime as being other than crime. As the episode shows, it was a brutal and violent syndicate.
    1
  12159. There would be no channel without income. Respectfully, I don't think that the brief minute to support a game that is of interest to people who love history is too much to ask to help pay to produce this content.
    1
  12160. Respectfully, Eisenhower was well aware. There was extensive internal discussion of the question. You are correct, the sticking point was the legal question of freedom of space.
    1
  12161. That is very much how I developed my love of history.
    1
  12162. According to the FBI he was shot twice, and then the hijacker had a member of the ship's crew help throw the remains overboard.
    1
  12163. LOL no, I have no bow tie sponsorship deal, but I wouldn't pass one up! ;) Yes, the 1994 accident is interesting, and may be an episode of its own.
    1
  12164. Not as much as World War II and lend lease.
    1
  12165. It seemed irrelevant and indulgent when I had a recording of Tennyson doing it.
    1
  12166. You would think, but the inspectors had little training, and were not aware of the importance of the part. Still, with such a high percentage that were faulty, you would have thought it would have been obvious.
    1
  12167. That is a fair question, both in terms of the impact on US Latin America policy and by the fact that he was later President.
    1
  12168. John Hertz died when OJ Simpson was 14 years old, i don;t think he saw it coming.
    1
  12169. There were a couple of made for television movies about the Achille Laura hijacking.
    1
  12170. That claim misrepresents the risk. Bacon and Cigarettes are not comparable carcinogens. Group 1 means that there is evidence that eating processed meats (not bacon specifically, but all processed meats, including cold cuts and hot dogs) can increase cancer risk. However, the significance of those risks are not comparable. Regular smoking increases the relative risk of getting lung cancer by some 23.6 times, of 2360%. The risk from eating 50 g of bacon a day, which is about four strips every day, increases relative risk of stomach or colon cancer by 18%. that is not an 18% risk, it is an 18% increase in relative risk. As science journalist JV Chamary explains: "So if you started with a hypothetical 5% risk of developing bowel cancer, consuming 50g of bacon every day would only raise your risk to almost 6%." While that may be an issue of concern for some, for others, their enjoyment justifies such risk. And for me it is hardly worth trying to make that explanation. People can make their own health choices.
    1
  12171. History that deserves to be remembered! Happy Birthday!
    1
  12172. LOL ot every one off the assembly line crashed.
    1
  12173. I did not see a reference that mentions which instruments were included specifically. It is described as studying the aurora over Svalbard.
    1
  12174. ?? you mean my hair? Probably needs to be cut when I get the time.
    1
  12175. Really really bad men....
    1
  12176. To be fair, Ford built some 300,000 vehicles and 8600 planes to defeat the Nazis.
    1
  12177. Yes. the airport did not officially open until 6 am.
    1
  12178. Certainly there was prejudice in the system, but not quite so much as to say "the US military did not give medals to Black or Jewish Hispanic veterans until Obama." There were 25 Black, seven Jewish and three Hispanic MoH recipients during the Civil War, and multiple others for conflicts since. There is a strong argument that some soldiers did not receive recognition that they likely would have were it not for racial prejudices, and some of those apparent injustices have been remedied posthumously. But the US Military has never had a period where they simply did not give medals based on race or religion.
    1
  12179. https://youtu.be/aiRkoEn6me4
    1
  12180. https://youtu.be/EidzEh6SMBs Ask and ye shall receive.
    1
  12181. Michael Stone definitely a hero.
    1
  12182. Barta Vaughan we mention Jumbo in this episode- we might go back to him in another episode: https://youtu.be/tiTzb-0Z-ag
    1
  12183. It is a model of the U-96- a Type VIIC U-boat.
    1
  12184. It was about 116 years... It was a conflict between the House of Plantagenet and the House of Valois over the crown of France. It included, among many famous battles, the battle of Agincourt.
    1
  12185. 5'10"
    1
  12186. That is an interesting question where etymology meets entomology. In fact, the definitions of both "plague" and "pestilence" include both disease and any cause of general destruction, and plague and pestilence are considered synonyms. The Latin root of pestilence is Pestis, the root of the English word "pest," which certainly seems to describe locusts, but the original Latin meaning was contagious disease. In terms of the four horsemen of apocalypse in Revelation, the interpretation of the White Horse as pestilence is actually rather new, first occurring in the twentieth century. In its narrowest sense, "plague" is a specific, bacterial illness. Covid-19 is not a plague, being viral and not caused by Yersinia pestis bacteria, it is a pandemic. Large locust swarms are actually scientifically called "plagues." That is likely related to the Old Testament and the eighth biblical plague of Egypt. But, in terms of the definitions of the word, locust plagues
    1
  12187. Thank you!
    1
  12188. Theoretically both were responsible to "see and avoid."
    1
  12189. It was based on the story of the Buckley yes.
    1
  12190. I wonder at how we maintain ships that are in reduced status for years at a time. The combination of maintaining a massive ship with a 1200 crew compliment and a thousand bed hospital has to be a maintenance nightmare.
    1
  12191. I believe that was the Schaffer reservoir across Beaver creek.
    1
  12192. https://tankmuseum.org/
    1
  12193. For the promotion? it opens fine for me. https://bit.ly/HistoryGuy-GlassesUSA
    1
  12194.  @lizbecker1677  of course it is your choice to invest. But it is not a “scam.”
    1
  12195.  @12345.......  I do do research before accepting a sponsorship. It is no scam. Simply Google it- you will find numerous highly credible sources that will confirm that it is a legit investment tool, and that discuss the pros and cons of the investment. Respectfully, please stop slandering my sponsor when you clearly have not done the research.
    1
  12196. I did look at reviews. They are overwhelmingly positive. Review after review by people whose lives were changed. I do my research on a sponsor. There is an FaQ posted in the description. I wouldn’t suggest that anyone make a choice without being informed.
    1
  12197. Probably not, although the etymology for the term "banter" is uncertain. But most guesses tie it to the French word badiner, which means to joke, rather than any connection to the city in india.
    1
  12198. To be fair, the US MPs were operating from a different point of view and training that was related to cultural differences.
    1
  12199. Either is actually proper. But, in reality, it is made with cotton duck and no good for ducts, so it might be time to revise the dogma.
    1
  12200. Three thermonuclear weapons can do a lot of damage.
    1
  12201. I don’t control the ads. Those come from Google.
    1
  12202.  @claywebster7401  election years are actually good for YouTubers. Revenue is revenue…
    1
  12203. LOL
    1
  12204. Three a week, not quite one every day. ;)
    1
  12205. I did not pretend to be a doctor, I presented the advice offered by the US Centers for Disease Control.
    1
  12206. diverdownaaron Pacific Clipper survived the war, but, in 1946, was damaged in a storm and sold for parts. None of the Boeing 314s were preserved, although there have been plans occasionally mentioned to try and salvage two sunken hulls that may be recoverable. There is a full size mockup of a Boeing 314 at the Foynes Flying Boat museum in County Limerick, Ireland.
    1
  12207. I make a brief mention of Ho Chi Minh's relationship with the US in this episode, I may get back to it in another episode: https://youtu.be/HjEfCKZDGUE
    1
  12208. Papyrus is substantially different than paper, not being made from pulp. Paper, generally agreed to have been invented inn China, supplanted papyrus. Papyrus would have been supremely unsuitable, for many reasons, for use in the toilet.
    1
  12209. @ actually there generally accepted to be a distinction between papyrus and paper. You can web search that. Papyrus is better described as a proto-paper, although that implies that paper derived from papyrus, which was not how it developed. I am not meaning to be argumentative, but the statement in the video is correct, and, of course the context in this video is toilet paper. https://www.paperonweb.com/A1037.htm#:~:text=The%20Egyptians%20used%20this%20aquatic,is%20not%20a%20true%20paper.
    1
  12210. I want to, very much. But I wanted to wait until it is accepting visitors again, which might be some time. If you have pictures that you are willing to share, I'd love to have them. thg@TheHistoryGuy.net
    1
  12211. I hope to do some episodes on the RNLI.
    1
  12212. Those memos are largely what drove the large settlements after the Paris crash.
    1
  12213. Stephen Skinner I respectfully disagree. Yes, the context of the war was important to the history of the event. But the scope of the disaster was well recognized even internationally at the time, and the British had ample experience with famine in India. I believe that we walked a careful line in the episode and presented a balanced perspective. There are legitimate reasons to criticize the response, and that is not a judgement that is made merely in hindsight. I am making no comment on Churchill’s legacy, I certainly would not tear down his statue. The episode doesn’t attempt to overstate his role. We present arguments from both sides, and have been, as a result, criticized from both sides. But it is unquestionable that there were significant mistakes made that cannot be simply written off with the excuse of “war.” Historians disagree quite a lot about culpability for the Bengal famine. But historians agree on two things: millions died, and those deaths were preventable with resources that were available at the time. It would be an abuse of history to deny those lamentable facts.
    1
  12214. It is actually spelled “kapton.” Kapton is a registered trademark for a type of polyimide film invented by DuPont.
    1
  12215. LOL I had no idea. I am quite sure at least some pirates were affected..
    1
  12216. Possibly- it is certainly an interesting piece of history.
    1
  12217. Yes, the Penobscot expedition is very interesting- a disaster for Massachusetts. I will likely do an episode on it.
    1
  12218. Mark Hastings we have a few episodes about US submariners in the pacific. https://youtu.be/PKklyvxw8QU https://youtu.be/KXbHsRYZlKE
    1
  12219. Yes, they were poorly equipped, sent with the hope that the people of Missouri would supply them. Instead of wide support, Price generally found that Missourians wanted nothing to do with the war.
    1
  12220. The name was noted in several references, but I don’t know how common it is. https://usafflagranks.com/usaf_service_dress_coat_uniform.html
    1
  12221. No
    1
  12222. So far as i understand it, there is no conclusive evidence where it started, and multiple theories.
    1
  12223. Mishn0 that is the German pronunciation, not the one used by Americans.
    1
  12224. Mishn0 well, I’d pronounce it the way that the pronunciation guide says.
    1
  12225. Mishn0 I pronounced it the way the people involved in the incident did.
    1
  12226. Thank you!
    1
  12227. No- a man who purported to be his illegitimate son.
    1
  12228. Thank you!
    1
  12229. Harry Chung there is an alternative explanation that an early resident of the Island went by the name Black Tom, but the reference to the rock shaped roughly like a cat’s arched back seems to predate that claim by decades.
    1
  12230. That would require quite a leap of both time and geography.
    1
  12231. Cancun771 episodes range between 160 and 180 words per minute. That is on the high end of normal. It has nothing to do with the script, I simply speak quickly. That is my normal rate. I have worked to manage the rate, but a fast pace is simply going to be a part of watching the History Guy.
    1
  12232.  @CB-fn3me  well, yes, a brig would actually be smaller. But the point is that Essex was an odd class- not as large as other frigates. The point was not thar she was literally a brig.
    1
  12233. It was.
    1
  12234. Thank you!
    1
  12235. We have very occasionally had an episode listed as not suitable for monetization, I do get frustrated with YouTube for failure to clarify the standards for historical content. However, we have only had issues with a small percentage of our catalog. I wouldn't say that demonitization has driven us to accept sponsors. Sponsorships are quite lucrative. We limit the number (we've never done more than two sponsored episodes in a month,) and only accept from sponsors whose products we endorse. We are committed to both support quality products and organizations as well as to contrinue to create lots of content without embedded endorsements.
    1
  12236. Timinator62 the etymology of the name Boise city is unclear.
    1
  12237. These were 4.5 inch rockets, and the tubes installed on the USS Barb were described as being five inch rockets. Likely the Barb used a type of aircraft rocket that was appropriately nicknamed "Holy Moses."
    1
  12238. Thank you!
    1
  12239. I merely intend to point out that is was a misnomer. That was recognized at the time, and you can see that in some of the newspaper headlines in the episode. The words "Spanish Flu" are almost always used in quotations. There was, however, a public misconception that it originated in Spain based on the misnomer.
    1
  12240. Certainly history that deserves to be remembered.
    1
  12241. That is a great topic! Thanks!
    1
  12242. https://youtu.be/Du2immnK25A
    1
  12243. Yes, we were all relieved to hear it.
    1
  12244. The loss of the orbiter would nit have occurred if the US was metricated. The loss was the result of using multiple systems of measurement.
    1
  12245. That is Lt. Alden K Sibley, who eventually became a Major General. No, I did not collect hats because of him, I got the picture when I bought his hat.
    1
  12246. LOL
    1
  12247. The concern was nit a nuclear yield, but that the HE warhead would explode and disperse the plutonium. Thank you for your service!
    1
  12248. The brevet system was confusing. But my understanding was that it was merely title. That is, Keough was paid as a captain and wore the uniform of a captain, but was entitled to use the title colonel in correspondence. This is helpful: https://stason.org/TULARC/history/civil-war-usa/16-What-did-a-brevet-promotion-indicate-and-what-did-an-of.html
    1
  12249. Tim Harig but unquestionably events impact other events. It is as fallacious to assert that historical paths are set and all events inevitable. Your position implies, for example, that who is elected president is irrelevant to events. My intent was not to suggest that the War with Mexico or the Civil War would not have occurred. My point was that the scenario is quite different if Texas entered the Union prior to the 1844 election. It is not much stretch to say that Polk would likely not have been elected, and many historians argue that Polk was one of the nation’s most effective presidents. We cannot know what would have been different, but we can certainly guess that it would have been different, and possibly quite significantly so. This is not a “for want of a nail” reaction chain. This is a “clearly impacted the outcome of a presidential election in a critical period” chain.
    1
  12250. Yes, i might well do the sand Creek massacre as an episode.
    1
  12251. http://www.worldslargestthings.com/mobilemuseum.htm
    1
  12252. "The Story of Dr Wassell" (1944)
    1
  12253. Thank you for your service!
    1
  12254. LOL I know- that is a weird part of Power Director where the volume is hard to control.
    1
  12255. The Forrestal fire was a terrible tragedy.
    1
  12256. Thank you!
    1
  12257. Thank you for your service!
    1
  12258. There is a robust oral history of him.
    1
  12259. Steve McCormick he was hung by a chain and then the body burned. I am sorry for the confusion.
    1
  12260.  Kabuki Kitsune  sorry, you are incorrect. While enemy testimony was included in Commander Roope’s VC recommendation, there was testimony from the survivors of HMS Glowworm. The difference is that Flying Officer Trigg’s was awarded solely on the testimony of the enemy, as there were no surviving allied witnesses.
    1
  12261. jumjavjoe thank you!
    1
  12262. That is a Soviet BT-5
    1
  12263. Apple pie spice typically doesn’t into cloves but adds cardamom
    1
  12264. Thank you!
    1
  12265. Uncommon Sense then change your paradigm and learn to embrace the tie.
    1
  12266. We plan to make more of these in the 3-4 minute range.
    1
  12267. The propeller would not feather- the mechanism failed.
    1
  12268. That is essentially why the UK still uses miles in road signage.
    1
  12269. That is my Great Uncle George.
    1
  12270. Fair point- His Majesty's Airship. Sorry for the error.
    1
  12271. IMDb says that one is "in production" under the title "Escape of the Pacific Clipper."
    1
  12272. KarlBunker what device do you use? The thumbs up is on the left of my screen and always has been. In my opinion, and there has certainly bern spirited debate on the subject, an act if sabotage can be an act of terrorism if the goal is to influence politics and the nations are not at war. I believe the explosion does fit the definition used by the US State Department when reporting on foreign terrorism.
    1
  12273. She sank because too many compartments were compromised.
    1
  12274. matt b yup
    1
  12275. Sean Costello the accident occurred in 1988.
    1
  12276. The restoration only restored certain stones that had fallen in the modern era, and thus the original placement of the stones was well known.
    1
  12277. The History Guy team is quite partial to cats. In the three households of our core team, there are 8 cats!
    1
  12278. I glossed over- there were dozens of animals and I was only able to mention a few. I hope to tell more of their stories.
    1
  12279. My sons gave it to me for Father's Day.
    1
  12280. Robert Todd Lincoln had three children. His only son, Abraham Lincoln II, died of an infection at age 16. He had two daughters and three grandchildren, but all the grandchildren died without children, so the direct line of Abraham Lincoln has ended.
    1
  12281. LOL
    1
  12282. It was a gift from a viewer
    1
  12283.  @Supahmatt1  I play as The History Guy. But I have not played in a good long while. It is a great game, but I am comically bad at it.
    1
  12284. Thank you!
    1
  12285. There is a snippet on the painting in this episode: https://youtu.be/67v-Mv4dJHQ
    1
  12286. There is an argument that the addition of MSG requires less salt for the same flavor.
    1
  12287. We have been experimenting with the outtros, as stats were showing that viewers were tuning out.
    1
  12288. https://youtu.be/75RVHe8KJTk
    1
  12289. M Ouija that is Ms History Guy. Yes, her hair is fantastic.
    1
  12290. LOL is an actual bottle of mustard,
    1
  12291.  @TMillsAZ  https://www.liveabout.com/know-your-tools-flat-head-screwdriver-281839
    1
  12292. That would be quite the engineering challenge.
    1
  12293. https://youtu.be/MmMz8LLxpeQ
    1
  12294. That’s awesome!
    1
  12295. In theory Yeltsin had the authority.
    1
  12296. I didn’t. It was a quick trip.
    1
  12297. Montagu was purported to have eaten roast beef between his slices of bread.
    1
  12298. It is a commemorative.
    1
  12299. That mattress sincerely changed my life. Sleep is a great thing.
    1
  12300. Thank you!
    1
  12301. I plan to do more episodes regarding the Eastern Front. https://youtu.be/wyi2XJVRP-8
    1
  12302. What bias do you think the New York Times has regarding Halloween activities upstate?
    1
  12303. @ I understand politics. But I don’t know why they wouldn’t be a perfectly credible source on how many people visit the jack-o-lantern fest. Not everything is about politics.
    1
  12304. Those were Abe's goats, but Willie and Tad played with them. Robert was away at school by then. The goats were named Nanny and Nanko.
    1
  12305. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGgIy1VsefA_RIjK2ZVk7JEG
    1
  12306. Yes, I think many locals were bitter and dissatisfied with the way the land was acquired.
    1
  12307.  @glennsmith1040  what do you assert is incorrect?
    1
  12308. Please use thehistoryguyyt@gmail.com
    1
  12309. The point was not supposed to be about freedom, plenty of free countries have metricated. The point was that, the World around, people have gone Metric pretty much because their government made them do it.
    1
  12310. Agreed, and I am not questioning the motives. The goal of the episode was to explain the most significant reason that the US seems to oppose the World community on metrication. In reality, the US has mandated quite a lot of metrication, and much of the world continues to use Imperial of USCS measures despite government mandates.
    1
  12311. Yup.
    1
  12312. No- the crash in which nelson died was in 1985.
    1
  12313. Norman Mattson the reason for the outward opening door is that it allows the airline to fill the whole space without making room for the door.
    1
  12314. A lot of people have been making that argument. there is no real way to tell, but I suspect that most bibles sold have been read to some extent at some time.
    1
  12315. I have lots of military portraits, and I move them around. The portrait in this episode is a young Alden K Sibley, who would eventually become a Major General.
    1
  12316. I mostly buy off eBay, where they are much less expensive, or second hand stores. Some were donated by viewers.
    1
  12317. The cat’s participation in any given video depends entirely upon the cat.
    1
  12318. Great museum!
    1
  12319. Anton Moulard there were two different events. While it was the American medical corps that prevented him from service as a pilot with the US, it was a later argument in Paris with a French commissioned officer that resulted in him being transferred to the service battalion of the 170th in 1918.
    1
  12320. I used pretty much everything I could find in the Public Domain, although I suspect that there is a hidden cache of Air Force pics that I haven't found.
    1
  12321. He even wore his tuxedo.
    1
  12322. I did not mention the missing eye because neither he nor the FAA seemed to think it affected the landing of TACA 110.
    1
  12323. My mistake.
    1
  12324. Good Morning!
    1
  12325. Yes, the story of Agent Garbo is a ripping yarn that is on our topic list.
    1
  12326. Agreed. Welsh road signs are something to behold.
    1
  12327. No - the website is a more comprehensive way for you to search the videos and find more great snippets of forgotten history without YouTube sending you off on other tangents.
    1
  12328. https://youtu.be/tWx6gufENSs
    1
  12329. That is a claim- included in the episode.
    1
  12330. I talk through that question in more detail in this episode: https://youtu.be/UQC2mDnW9mw
    1
  12331. BeachsideHank I originally had a shout out to the movie in the script, but had to cut for time. It is quite a gripping film.
    1
  12332. Lol that is ironic ad placement.
    1
  12333. That is fair. It was just a general order to cause trouble.
    1
  12334. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sdmBYFKHHWg
    1
  12335. Harry Lui there is a difference between what you experience and an EPA rating. The EPA rates a new Honda Insight at 44 MPG, so we are still well off the claims made by the Dale. I agree that fuel economy is affected by vehicle choice and driving. But the claims of the Dale would be fantastic even today.
    1
  12336. That is on our topic list, although details are very sparse.
    1
  12337. Tucked a pic in at the very end.
    1
  12338. It was a gift from my wife.
    1
  12339. I might tell that story some day.
    1
  12340. That was probably Keystone, right?
    1
  12341. https://youtu.be/TcJChM_DXPw
    1
  12342. All I can say is that the battle report lists HMS Arethusa by name. It is on page 5: https://www.normandywarguide.com/archives/9th-bn-the-parachute-regiment-north-west-europe-1944-45/page-5 HMS Arethusa did bombard the battery, although doing no aparent damage to the guns. It killed a German doctor who had been treating wounded from the battle.
    1
  12343. Lessinath for someone so knowledgable, you certainly failed to learn how to hold a collegial discussion. I spend hours seeking public domain footage. Many videos of volcanoes were not done by a federal entity and are not in the Public Domain. Yes, I made use of a video from Hawaii where the copyright had not been renewed. I make it explicit in the description that the footage is not of the actual event. This is not an academic paper on volcanology. Aside from your complaint about footage that was never misrepresented, you seem to identify no factual error in the content save that you seem to want to talk much more about the volcanology. As an apparent expert, I humbly suggest that you produce your own video on the subject.
    1
  12344. That is New York’s Flatiron building.
    1
  12345. https://youtu.be/atquoUlQxiY - is this what you're referencing?
    1
  12346. I suspect you are thinking of “Death Hunt,” (1981) which is a highly fictionalized version of the Mad Trapper story. Lee Marvin was not in “The White Buffalo” (1977.) Good movie, though. Bronson as an aging Wild Bill Hickok…
    1
  12347. You probably mean Brotherhood of the Wolf.
    1
  12348. Thank you!
    1
  12349. Most countries used a phased in approach to metrication.
    1
  12350. None have been sighted since early in the 20th century, so they are thought to be all gone. It wasn’t that the experiment failed so much as the Civil War interrupted it.
    1
  12351. The comment in the video is referring to the date the F4U was introduced in 1942. The Douglas Skyraider was not introduced until 1946.
    1
  12352. That is how far we are ahead of the curve.
    1
  12353. https://youtu.be/j9a4U-F1qGE
    1
  12354. Great story! Yes, the allies decided not to intern prisoners in Africa because supply was easier in the United States.
    1
  12355. In this episode: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGiA06_teoOUTpuk--cHcz1P
    1
  12356. Darn us.
    1
  12357. He covered and repainted the strap. In the original version it was, apparently, more clearly askew.
    1
  12358. The owner claimed his shop was looted by army officers, but there was also the claim that the government was failing to preserve the peace.
    1
  12359. So he always claimed.
    1
  12360. In fact, my very first episode was on the home front in WWII. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjOqKgHe1_b8pIq-bZewEfA
    1
  12361. That’s Pocky
    1
  12362. I have a couple. the hats switch around.
    1
  12363. A much more difficult diagnosis in 1780
    1
  12364. There were connections between union violence of the era and the Red Summer events. In fact, the Elaine massacre was really an attack on people for trying to unionize, Whipple Chicago and Omaha (and East St Louis in 1917) had, as underlying motivations, anger by unions that Black workers were often employed as strike breakers.
    1
  12365. Thank you!
    1
  12366. It is named in commemoration of an 1807 British Invasion of the island.
    1
  12367. No, I think that is just a part of the terrain.
    1
  12368. MBk sorry
    1
  12369. Correct.
    1
  12370. This is really a cultural distinction. What seemed strange, and savage, to Anglos was very normal behavior to the Apache (the Maori had some similar customs.) To the Apache, it was some dunce thinking to get worked up about taking some cattle.
    1
  12371. Yes, the next door neighbor.
    1
  12372. If you ask for a cat in a Cameo I can oblige.
    1
  12373. Named after the city in North Carolina
    1
  12374. That was a quotation from an automotive historian with a quirky sense of humor.
    1
  12375. Several
    1
  12376. george cromarty “Pretender” is not an insult or assumption that a claim is false. It means a person who claims or aspires to a position.
    1
  12377. It was, and the pun was not intended,
    1
  12378. ROBERT HOGUE it does.
    1
  12379. Our daughter is twelve.
    1
  12380. I was actually a US Park Ranger for several years, so I have worn the Campaign hat. But the straw ones warp with time.
    1
  12381. That was a direct quotation by MacArthur, and, of course a commonly used name for the award.
    1
  12382. Um, no. It means, he was from Kentucky, and he chose the Confederacy. I was not peddling some myth, I was stating what he did during the war.
    1
  12383. I don't think that we do. We only have two designs in active service, the Minuteman III and the Trident II, both of which use solid fuel. The remaining Titan missiles were all expended on space launches, I think. The only place that a former liquid fueled ICBM would be in service in the military would be as some static display.
    1
  12384. AKOND OF SWAT beaten badly enough that they later died, yes.
    1
  12385. Stan Smith https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGiOiy5iEknofAHybnRdaHTW
    1
  12386. It really happened, and many of the specimens are still on display.
    1
  12387. Thank you!
    1
  12388. Xion Monro yup- she is on my list.
    1
  12389. Correct- none of the images are of actual ships from the storm.
    1
  12390. There is, purportedly, a film project in the works. https://m.imdb.com/title/tt1059788/
    1
  12391. LOL. I am Old Shakey sometimes myself.
    1
  12392. Joshua Inouye it is too much to build full bibliographies for the episodes. Is there something specific in the episode for which you want the source? .
    1
  12393. err, no.
    1
  12394. Larry Walters- back in 1982.
    1
  12395. typxxilps lol no, she is the one who keeps my collecting in check.
    1
  12396. I relied heavily on Weaver's own account of the event, and trust the accuracy of the story. The account is provided here: http://roadrunnersinternationale.com/weaver_sr71_bailout.html
    1
  12397. I left quite a lot of the battle vague because I plan to do several more episodes.
    1
  12398. Most coin images on the internet are under copyright. It is a strange rule, but a picture of a bill is treated differently than a picture of a coin, since a coin is a three dimensional object. The coins in the episode are either pictures others have placed in the Public Domain, or coins in my son's collection.
    1
  12399. It is fully functional.
    1
  12400. Surprisingly reliable little fellows. https://youtu.be/cDwsnpo066g
    1
  12401. Probably not this week. sorry.
    1
  12402. Paul Taylor I used, best I could, the Welsh pronunciation. That is the actual name of the language. The castle was preserved and garrisoned by parliamentary forces in 1648 because of the threat of a pro-Royalist invasion by the Presbyterian Scots.
    1
  12403. Paul Taylor the line there is that signs are written in both Welsh and English.
    1
  12404. Iain Schofield de rein!
    1
  12405. Yup.
    1
  12406. So you have reason to question that poker spread via the river? I didn’t quote Ancient Aliens, but sound history.
    1
  12407. There has been research in cats. They do dream.
    1
  12408. Yup. Boston has a different evacuation day.
    1
  12409. LOL
    1
  12410. Antonio López de Santa Anna is a fascinating historical figure.
    1
  12411. Misaka Mikoto I certainly plan more episodes of ancient history, but I do have a few up. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGgRsqQIj5zp9L1QtfXKx5Nz
    1
  12412. The order precedence, or "rank," of peerage in the UK is: Duke, Marquess, Earl, Viscount, Baron, Life Peer. The order can be complicated by the fact that several people hold more than one peerage. Within ranks, precedence is generally based on the antiquity of the peerage.
    1
  12413. Thanks!
    1
  12414. Vito Danelli correct, they were not allowed to fly in combat. The episode is clear on that point. But, because they flew non-combat roles they freed more than a thousand male pilots for combat duty.
    1
  12415. Brendan Gormley I do plan to do an episode thar covers the Whiskey Rebellion.
    1
  12416. Daniel Batitsas it seems unlikely, as both men were married, veteran, had no record of disciplinary issues, and not in combat roles. Neither ever turned up again.
    1
  12417. Yes. The charges were exclusively with regards to his criticism of higher command over the Shenandoah.
    1
  12418. JSB103 it seems unlikely the civilian 737 was going to attack F-14s. The question is, had the pilots refused to follow the commands of the F-14s, would the Americans have shot the plan down rather than allow the hijackers to escape?
    1
  12419. It is certainly an important story, but I am afraid too controversial.
    1
  12420. There are two things at play. Early spring warmth can essentially "fool" trees into spring growth, and the buds and blossoms can then be vulnerable to cold or heavy snow. And very extreme cold temperatures can cause trees to explode as the sap builds up pressure. What hasn't, meteorologists claim, happened, is for trees to explode because of a temperature differential in the same way that a hot glass will break if dipped in cold water.
    1
  12421. kineticdeath the point of mentioning the Comet was not about the weather, but about how much experience we have with jet airliners and yet are still learning.
    1
  12422. In fact, all of those were involved.
    1
  12423. That is the doctor's point. The more horrible the killer, the better the rest of us feel about ourselves by comparison.
    1
  12424.  @jvanb231  lol
    1
  12425. Sponsors pay the bills. But if you want a version without the sponsor, either become a channel member here on YouTube or become a supporter at TheHistiryGuyGuild.locals.com.
    1
  12426. Vincent Pellegrino around thirteen million tons.
    1
  12427. supposedly in development. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4703374/
    1
  12428. The wars of the eighteenth century flowed into each-other. Debt from the Seven Years war drove the taxes that sparked the American Revolution. French debt from supporting the US in the Revolution was a significant factor driving the taxes that caused the French Revolution. The Wars of the French Revolution flowed into the Napoleonic Wars.
    1
  12429. Yeah, the day you submarine starts melting from the inside out is never a good day...
    1
  12430. Edward Wyer.
    1
  12431. I breifly resided in Belle Fourche
    1
  12432. I don't have any current plans to go beyond the ten to fifteen minute format.
    1
  12433. The masons have some vested interest in the trees being blown down by wind?
    1
  12434. He was exiled to the island of St Helena.
    1
  12435. Tie a kangaroo to a 33 lb bucket.
    1
  12436. Glad you like them!
    1
  12437. I disagree. The Luftwaffe never matched the high altitude performance of the supercharged Merlin engine. Nor did German bombers come close to matching the performance of the turbo-supercharged engines of the allied heavy bombers. German fighter aircraft were increasingly outclassed as the war progressed largely due to allied developments in supercharger technology. The allies continued to invest in supercharger technology throughout the war, recognizing that it gave them an advantage.
    1
  12438. Kenneth Reeves the episode is about the experience aboard Pennsylvania. I tell the story of the midget submarine here: https://youtu.be/hcVnByFS7n8
    1
  12439. Short answer, no, the Fourth Amendment was not applied to states until 1920.
    1
  12440. That is incorrect. The US did not "renege" on war debt, and paid off its loans from France by 1795.
    1
  12441. It is interesting to speculate whether any evidence could be recovered. This was before most modern investigative procedures were established.
    1
  12442. Glad you enjoyed it
    1
  12443. Definitely not what? The decision by the school board of San Francisco definitely did create outrage in the United States and Japan and nearly an international incident. The decision was denounce by President Theodore Roosevelt in his State of the Union address, and was rescinded via another "gentleman's agreement."
    1
  12444. It was commonly called, at the time, “The Rape of Belgium.”
    1
  12445. Yang M it is- I found a bunch of new footage, so did an update.
    1
  12446. The argument is that it was not intended to represent 32 days after the beginning of march, but at the end. I get the joke, yes. I also get the historical argument.
    1
  12447. Good luck! What's your channel name?
    1
  12448. Glorieta Pass was part of what was called the campaign in the "far West." Pea Ridge was certainly the Western theater, and I may well tell that story in another episode. While there was active campaigning west of the Mississippi, Grant's victories that led to him becoming Lt General and taking command in the East were always presented as being in the "West." This period actually represents a series of campaigns, but it was generally called the "Western theater," and centered on control of the Mississippi. The rise of the careers of Grant and Sherman tend to get the focus, but this was also the theater of Nathan Bedford Forrest, considered by some to be the best cavalry commander of the war. Too, of course, the naval battles in Louisiana that secured the lower Mississippi deserve attention.
    1
  12449. We opted for viewer dogs because we wanted to involve our viewers.
    1
  12450.  @heeeresjohnny7503  But this is an episode on his personal losses, not an attempt to encapsulate the breadth of his work or its impacts. Certainly there is controversy regarding his attitudes, and certainly he had become an anachronism even before his own death. But just as certainly some of his work is timeless, and was affected by his experiences.
    1
  12451. Yes, that is on my to do list.
    1
  12452. Thank you!
    1
  12453. I might do an episode, but there is one posted in those exclusive for members on Patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  12454. Yes, the film was based on this action.
    1
  12455. It's essentially a spork!
    1
  12456. The melting temperature of aluminum is 1220 degrees Fahrenheit.
    1
  12457. That was a quotation from a witness. Again, many people at the time did not understand that the eye of the storm had passed over. It was described as two different storms by many witnesses.
    1
  12458. The scales that got us to the moon?
    1
  12459. The article is referring to the same person, although the Olympic record uses the name James.
    1
  12460. The US used a fair amount of narrow gauge due to terrain, and some is still in use today. The decision to do it all at once was actually an anti-competitive decision. The Southern railroads worked together so as not to allow any one to develop a competitive advantage and spark a price war- essentially a version of price fixing.
    1
  12461. Maybe- I talked about Glorieta Pass in the far west. But Picacho Pass was an interesting little battle.
    1
  12462. This fire? https://youtu.be/tGlLwtqhUKE
    1
  12463. Yes, the comment was specific to the SR-71.
    1
  12464. That photo of Armenia was when it was in civilian service as a liner. There are no known photos of the ship painted as a hospital ship, but by all accounts it was clearly marked.
    1
  12465. Joyride: 1986 Theft of a Marine A-4 Skyhawk https://youtu.be/HersvTbNdC0
    1
  12466. Thank you!
    1
  12467. https://youtu.be/BElQES_Dh0Q?si=s3jGTbp-vUyMav5L
    1
  12468. Nicholas Kaiser I’ve worked in both states. Pronunciation varies based on location.
    1
  12469. This scandal was seven years before Tom Wolfe published The Right Stuff.
    1
  12470. Thank you for your service!
    1
  12471. https://youtu.be/cGtpr8N8Xbc
    1
  12472. https://youtu.be/6F_poSmlC7o
    1
  12473. All images used are in the Public Domain.
    1
  12474. We checked and don't know of any that came from a specific archive. All seem to have been published before 1926. However, we love to support local historical associations, and would be happy to advertise a link in the pinned comment if you like.
    1
  12475. Richard Gatling had sent the tribune three guns, apparently to drum up publicity for his invention.
    1
  12476. Thanks!
    1
  12477. No, I am not.
    1
  12478. I think there are two reasonable sides to that story. Robert Todd Lincoln actually worked hard to protect her reputation, but there was certainly erratic behavior on her part. That is, of course, understandable given the loss that she suffered. But I think the evidence from the time supports the claim that he had nothing to gain personally, and was sincerely trying to work in her best interest. You can argue whether institutionalization was necessary, but I think that "creep" is an overstatement.
    1
  12479. Actually pretty unlucky when the guy shot him in the groin.
    1
  12480. A tragic, but significant event.
    1
  12481. Yes. In naval terms, that means a 16in barrel width and a barrel length of 50 times the width, or 800 inches.
    1
  12482. The planes damaged and destroyed had been recently refurbished. They were not, at the time, scheduled for scrapping.
    1
  12483. Correct, although not a real one. It is an inflatable from The Tank Museum.
    1
  12484. I might do an episode, although a I give a synopsis at the end of this episode: https://youtu.be/ZhpLg168Pbo?si=cHCQnLk1PJHtu1it
    1
  12485. The Calendar Act of 1750 and eleven lost days https://youtu.be/mk4n7XWsY_4
    1
  12486. Dana Jorgensen https://youtu.be/dngumAV1OLs
    1
  12487. There is a photo of one of the trains at 11:17.
    1
  12488. There are a lot of specialized varieties of cloth reinforced tape. Gaffer tape lacks the waterproof polyethylene backing. So it is really a matter of opinion whether Gaffer tape is it's own thing, or a type of duct tape.
    1
  12489. All evidence aside, it seems a better story if they lived.
    1
  12490. We've talked a good bit about the Coast Guard in the war, and will some more I am sure. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhl14PcSOmkB-KWtmDn64VE
    1
  12491. The log was missing.
    1
  12492. My episodes vary between about 170 and 180 WPM, which is on the high end for TED talk, but not nearly double. I do attempt to work on rate of speech, but i am naturally a fast talker- I am not rushing at all, that is actually how fast I speak.
    1
  12493. I have talked about the U-boats a couple of times. https://youtu.be/pryLh2ZqR7Y
    1
  12494. Gooch Creek we made it clear the position was not like the President of the United States as we understand it today. But it was also quite different than Speaker of the House. The office was less political and had less power than the speaker. But there was also no executive branch under the Articles, so the President of the United States of the Congress Assembled actually had some executive responsibilities that were more POTUS like than the Speaker of the House, for example signing correspondence on behalf of the nation.
    1
  12495. We live in what is commonly called the "East Metro," which is different than the city of east St Louis.
    1
  12496. phil giglio no, mine don’t fold. They have the nifty chain and ear clasp.
    1
  12497. I will research it. Thanks!
    1
  12498. No, I am not.
    1
  12499. I'd had never heard of his channel until a couple mentioned it here. I mean no disrespect when i say that I honestly don't think we are covering the same space.
    1
  12500. Maybe he was imagining it.
    1
  12501. Respectfully, that is a colloquialism, not a pronunciation. It is the R.A.A.F., and it is never grammatically incorrect to fully pronounce an acronym.
    1
  12502. Briefly here: https://youtu.be/H8PREX7TbbI
    1
  12503. The story of Dr Snow and the Broad Street pump is interesting. I left it out here because few people believed his explanation, so it did not much affect policy at the time.
    1
  12504. There was no deliberate pun intended, but I suppose it is.
    1
  12505. Thank you! But I am not a professor.
    1
  12506. The artillery shell is an inflatable representation of a German 8.8 cm round purchased from The Tank Museum in Dorsett.
    1
  12507. Much the same, yes, although as a national currency.
    1
  12508. We do those too...
    1
  12509. I agree!
    1
  12510. I'll let him know.
    1
  12511. The Battle of the Nile was in 1798. If I misstated that I do apologize.
    1
  12512. Sinking of the Vasa https://youtu.be/OoHL8467ba8
    1
  12513. The number in the episode is 60 KPH- roughly 37 MPH.
    1
  12514. A wreck that maybe the UB-85 was recently discovered.
    1
  12515. I suspect the issue is in the definition. But the medical literature is clear on the subject. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30391545/#:~:text=Aspirin%20is%20currently%20the%20most,prevention%20trials%20in%20this%20setting.
    1
  12516. My mistake.
    1
  12517. Yeah, who'd have guessed that the shape of the windows was so important.
    1
  12518. guyfroml the War Powers Act is intended to limit executive authority.
    1
  12519. I have not specifically.
    1
  12520. We did not- maybe on the next visit.
    1
  12521. They have been sporadically hunted as agricultural pests.
    1
  12522.  @ericwilliams7775  thank you!
    1
  12523. This was one of my earliest episodes, before I settled on the bow ties.
    1
  12524. Not all of Arizona is desert.
    1
  12525. Michael Dougfir I have bot done one on Air Canada Flight 143, but it certainly is a bizarre story.
    1
  12526. what opinion injection?
    1
  12527. Patrick Campbell ????? I respond to hundreds of comments.
    1
  12528. Thank you!
    1
  12529. This is a great description of the event and effects: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://search.yahoo.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1024&context=philfac This is the most in depth focus on the event of which I am aware: https://www.amazon.com/Explosion-Potomac-Calamity-Princeton-Disaster/dp/1626191972
    1
  12530. https://youtu.be/tMrYmy4pabc https://youtu.be/q9avXEVQ7AQ
    1
  12531. Blessed day to you too.
    1
  12532. Yes, sorry, there was no pronunciation guide for Cholmondeley. It is fitting that De Vere Cole chose that name.
    1
  12533. Ron52G not yet, no.
    1
  12534. AvalancheBlue it is flagged and on appeal.
    1
  12535. I have not heard that explanation. There is a story here, but I can't guarantee there weren't more reasons involved. https://thepointsguy.com/news/747-hump-pan-am/#:~:text=Boeing%20decided%20to%20raise%20the,seats%20in%20the%20upper%20deck.
    1
  12536. Google ads is responsible for the ads- we don't have any control over those. THG makes no statement on DroneX drones.
    1
  12537. https://youtu.be/GeVXAz6MGBA https://youtu.be/H0lOq5pGzcw
    1
  12538. Deal!
    1
  12539. The reason that I mention antibiotics is that a significant number of deaths in the 1918 influenza epidemic were likely cause by secondary bacterial infection. That is relevant in the context of the army study regarding vulnerability today.
    1
  12540. We understand that some viewers do not prefer sponsored content. That is why we limit to two sponsored episodes a month.
    1
  12541. The light cruiser Jacob van Heemskerck and the destroyers Van Galen and Tjerk Hiddes
    1
  12542. Happy Birthday!
    1
  12543. I don’t know what you mean. NASA doesn’t make that claim. Quite the opposite,
    1
  12544. I don't intend to start using the term "pregnant people," no. It is correct that I make an effort not to offend in such a way that will drive people from the episode and channel. And, as your comment suggests, no matter what choice I make someone will find offense. I certainly meant none. I am well aware of the difficulty presented by the shifting waters of political correctness.
    1
  12545. This is my job. I did teach for about a decade, but that was many years ago.
    1
  12546. Jack Lucas had an amazing story. What a hero. I don't think that I could do better than his own words. https://video.search.yahoo.com/search/video?fr=mcafee&p=jack+lucas+medal+of+honor#id=1&vid=1beba7381ae304d0b63bf4410f5557b4&action=click
    1
  12547. The Dominator was an interesting and little remembered aircraft.
    1
  12548. For that and a number of other reasons, the Battle of Okinawa took an even larger psychological toll than other pacific battles.
    1
  12549. I do, I do the research, writing, directing, editing and production. I do get help from family on the social media. I use PowerDirector 16, which is pretty good, but it stalls on long credits. Yes, the list took forever. But they deserve to be remembered.
    1
  12550. There is, reportedly, a film project in the works. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4703374/
    1
  12551. Eurotrash4367 I collect hats, and switch them on set often. Unfortunately the pith helmet is a cheap reproduction.
    1
  12552. I think this is an interesting story that addresses a number of facts that are not commonly known and and poses controversial questions. I will tell the other half on Monday, but it did not make much sense without telling this part first.
    1
  12553. That is not what "non sequitur" means. Near miss in a bona fide term used correctly in the episode. https://www.dictionary.com/browse/near-miss
    1
  12554. I talk about airships in this episode: https://youtu.be/vJMwIar7FN0
    1
  12555. https://youtu.be/BElQES_Dh0Q
    1
  12556. That is my cat.
    1
  12557. We did not...
    1
  12558. https://youtu.be/BusyV-NnPf4
    1
  12559. I am not sure which accident that was, but it doesn't seem to have been associated with Operation Chrome Dome.
    1
  12560. LOL how's that?
    1
  12561. A gift from a friend.
    1
  12562. Yes, they are volcanic islands.
    1
  12563. Ribena is almost unheard of in the US- available in only a few specialist shops, although available now on Amazon. You’d be hard pressed to find an American who has ever heard of the stuff.
    1
  12564. Thank you!
    1
  12565. I’ve traveled and spoken to people across the state. In much of the state it is, indeed, pronounced Missourah.
    1
  12566. Sadly, we are no longer together and she is no longer involved with the channel.
    1
  12567. I do.
    1
  12568. Not currently, no. We have talked about a podcast, but haven't gottten up and running with it yet.
    1
  12569. Fair point
    1
  12570. What do you claim is incorrect in these episodes?
    1
  12571. I don’t claim to be a medieval scholar, but I am a researcher, and the argument that driving snakes away was allegorical rather than literal seems to be the much more common scholarly argument. Of course, serpents have long been a symbol of paganism. That position seems to fit with the description of Patrick’s battle with the Crom Cruich described in the Dinnshenchas, as well as the assertion in Gerald of Wales that shows an understanding that snakes were naturally absent from Ireland. I don’t mean to discount your claim. But I am confident that my description is a fair representation of scholarship on the subject. I certainly did not mean to claim that Patrick removed all pagans. Absolutely the conversion was gradual, and there is question over how significant his role was. I think it quite likely that his legend was inflated by hagiographers, as was quite common. Still, he seems to have been revered at least since the Seventh century as the patron saint of Ireland for converting pagans to Christianity.
    1
  12572. Yes, that is the robot "Gort" from the Day the Earth Stood Still. Next to him is Klaatu.
    1
  12573. We do.
    1
  12574. Thank you for your service!
    1
  12575. Jon Watts lol it isn’t purple in real life.
    1
  12576. It didn't go back to France on its last trip.
    1
  12577. On a device it is an app that you download, although you can also watch via a web browser.
    1
  12578. LOL History Guy is my nickname.
    1
  12579. https://youtu.be/adPuti-SL5o
    1
  12580. https://youtu.be/UL5O2fPHUVc?si=XOw6QJKiyH9vPKT-
    1
  12581. 501st Legion the Norden bombsight was actually quite accurate- within forty yards or so.
    1
  12582. LOL 700 episodes and adding three a week!
    1
  12583. Old maps are easy enough in that most are well past any copyright claims. It is just difficult to get good quality images.
    1
  12584. https://youtu.be/5tUQ7VHnB6c
    1
  12585. https://youtu.be/b0BGKApnjns
    1
  12586. Not currently. The channel keeps us plenty busy, and we enjoy the short history format. I can't speak for what may happen in the future.
    1
  12587. I won’t take a position on “best.” I am a lover of Hammer Horror. But Lee’s Count was certainly derivative of Lugosi’s.
    1
  12588. LOL no. I move stuff from time to time. The issue with the lamp is that I often forget to turn it on ahead of time, and it takes a good while to warm up.
    1
  12589. https://youtu.be/dR7TyYOPmMg?si=hrqHCVz5bp-tUgr-
    1
  12590. That idea has been suggested in at least two biographies, as well as a National Geographic article. To me the timing doesn’t make sense to suggest that her death is what inspired the telegraph. There were seven years between Lucretia’s death and his chance meeting with Charles Jackson. He certainly aggressively pursued the US Capital commission over that time.
    1
  12591. That is certainly on my list.
    1
  12592. It is difficult to say, given that he destroyed much of the correspondence. I don't presume to know the truth. However, some of the description, for example purchasing several expensive lace curtains while staying in rented homes where she was not responsible for furnishings, and what seems to be manic spending, might be indicative of oniomania. At least one modern physician suggested a diagnosis of pernicious anemia. Again, I am not presuming to know the truth, but I do not write off the possibility that the behavior that caused RTL such concern might have represented actual illness. If so, it is possible he was seeking to protect her reputation more than tarnish it by trying to keep her erratic behavior out of the public eye.
    1
  12593. Jim Thilenius those are members of the gendarmerie of Haiti.
    1
  12594. Fair point.
    1
  12595. John Taylor what bubble? Per usual, this episode is about history, and not intended aa a statement on current politics.
    1
  12596. Thank you!
    1
  12597. The battles of Norvik are quite interesting, and will likely be an episode. There was not, however, an amphibious invasion involved- the battle was a land battle.
    1
  12598. Mr. H. There is a difference between and amphibious landing and an amphibious invasion. Troops were not landed on a hostile shore in Narvik. While there were separate land and naval battles, it was not an amphibious invasion. Again, the battles of Narvik were historically interesting and deserved to be remembered, but they were not an amphibious invasion.
    1
  12599. Mr. H. Whenever you say “the first” anything, someone quibbles. I mean no offense when I say the semantics are not that interesting to me. Both events certainly deserve to be remembered.
    1
  12600. Some pieces were donated to the Smithsonian. Other pieces have been auctioned. https://www.npr.org/2013/05/20/184856244/nostalgia-for-sale-as-captain-kangaroos-pals-are-auctioned-off
    1
  12601. Yes, seven days on, one day off.
    1
  12602. It was an illegal act Intended for a political purpose. I understand and appreciate the counterargument, but it is "inaccurate" to call the description inaccurate.
    1
  12603. There are two accepted pronunciations. I used the one in the video because poems published in newspapers at the time demonstrate that is how it was being pronounced.
    1
  12604. I don't mind at all. And yes, it does.
    1
  12605. They were certainly an interesting concept. We may do an episode on USS Vesuvius in the future.
    1
  12606. The stern of HMS Nubian was welded to the bow of HMS Zulu to make HMS Zubian
    1
  12607. Thank you!
    1
  12608. Fear of Friday the Thirteenth is called paraskevidekatriaphobia. While both Fridays and the number 13 were considered unlucky going back at least to the middle ages, the combination of the two was not, apparently, seen as particularly unlucky until the nineteenth century.
    1
  12609. I have changed mic since that episode.
    1
  12610. It was an early episode- pre-bowtie.
    1
  12611. Six of the seven officers shipped out with the 500 from the first train. All the men and one of the officers were found unfit for foreign service after examination.
    1
  12612. This was the last time that the city was sacked and looted.
    1
  12613. It was the 1990s, so fewer electronic records. He switched states to escape his past and then had to earn his way in. It is an interesting story of redemption. By the accounts that I read he was a good fellow.
    1
  12614. Pfft. Computes don't wear bow ties. ;)
    1
  12615. LOL fair point.
    1
  12616. Different kitty.
    1
  12617. Per usual, I am not taking sides, I am telling history. But, in this case, both sides thought the other was breaking the law.
    1
  12618. locally, it is pronounced as I did. https://youtu.be/J034vtAzd_w
    1
  12619. We have a few Halloween topics going in October
    1
  12620. Pirates are a big part of the history of Jamaica.
    1
  12621. The reason the SR-71 has the designation "71" is that there was a proposed bomber version, and it would have been the first bomber designated after the XB-70.
    1
  12622. Ghastly fellow.
    1
  12623. Presumably they got all the poorly cut bread.
    1
  12624. Lucas Johnson why not?
    1
  12625. Thank you!
    1
  12626. They had cut the fuel- the problem was the propeller was spinning, causing drag. The oil cutoff was an attempt to get the propeller to seize. The drag from the propeller and reduction to two engines made it impossible to fly at optimal speed and altitude for efficient operation, leaving them with not enough fuel to reach San Francisco or Hawaii. .
    1
  12627. We have a museum nearby with some examples, although some historians question whether the practice was real or apocryphal.
    1
  12628. I do plan an episode on that incident- I lived in Colorado at the time and remember it well. There are not a lot of pictures in the Public Domain.
    1
  12629. I used every film of Columbia in existence.
    1
  12630. Thank you!
    1
  12631. According to etymology online the word “bong” to refer to a water-pipe was brought back to the US by soldiers who served in Vietnam, and is derived from a Thai word,
    1
  12632. Correct, my mistake.
    1
  12633. I beg to differ. No allied AA gun was optimized for anti-tank use in the way the 8.8 was. But the assessments in the video did not come from me, they came from warriors who faced the guns.
    1
  12634.  @michaelkenny8540  Respectfully, despite clear inaccuracies in his memoir, I consider Colonel Von Luck to be more an expert on the capabilities of the 8.8 than any commenter on YouTube.
    1
  12635. I don’t control the ads
    1
  12636. How did I downplay it? Certainly socialists were courting the Black population. I can certainly argue that the man in Chicago wasn't likely throwing rocks because he thought that Eugene Williams was a commie, but I don't generally speculate as to motive. Quite possibly people were being killed in Elaine because unionization challenged economic interests, and quite possibly white sharecroppers could have been treated the same. But that doesn't change what happened. I am not sure what disclaimer you wanted for me to add. The description is accurate.
    1
  12637. I brought up the Comet just to illustrate how much experience we had with jet aircraft. Yes, its problem was structural.
    1
  12638. We don't have an "editor." There are few pictures of the aircraft in the Public Domain. The photos are for illustration.
    1
  12639. The more people selling your data, the more you need Incogni.
    1
  12640. Assuming we have them ready, we post at 9 EST.
    1
  12641. There are some disputed pictures that have been reputed to be either woman.
    1
  12642. Many Uk place names predate the GVS
    1
  12643.  @maxheadrom3088  pretty much the whole state except for Las Vegas
    1
  12644.  @billd.6847  Most newspapers off the eastern seaboard first started reporting the crime in April. By that time Honeyman had already been arrested.
    1
  12645. That depends how you look at his life, but in the case of variolation, he was ahead of many medical professionals of the era.
    1
  12646. Yes, quite possibly. I used to use the Eads quite a lot when I worked down town.
    1
  12647. The 1972 Incidents at Sea accord essentially says that it is a submarine's job to keep track of where it is versus surface vessels, since surface vessels are not all equipped to detect undersea vessels. It was reckless to come to periscope depth in crowded waters without knowing what's up there. When the CNO calls it "uncharacteristically poor seamanship" he knows what he is talking about.
    1
  12648. There were California lancers as well. This might have been the only charge of lancers during the war.
    1
  12649. Patrick Aalfs “silk” is not uncommonly used as a generic term for sailcloth.
    1
  12650. If you could please email our business manager - business@thehistoryguy.net - Carolyn can try to help you out.
    1
  12651. Stuart Paul I was unable to document that story, but I will keep looking. There is a slightly different explanation here: http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20151021-paisley-behind-rocks-favourite-fashion
    1
  12652. I am going to continue to push back on this complaint. It was defined, officially, as "A Light Attack Multirole Carrierborne Figher Aircraft."
    1
  12653. I can actually speak much faster. I am speaking between 160 and 170 words per minute, which is just above the average for a Ted talk.
    1
  12654. I have not found a connection, but the comedienne spells her name "Bernhard"
    1
  12655. I was just there recently, and will feature the Stewart at some point. I took the photo of Cavalla in Seawolf park from the Bolivar ferry.
    1
  12656. I was just there recently, and will feature the Stewart at some point. I took the photo of Cavalla in Seawolf park from the Bolivar ferry.
    1
  12657. LOL
    1
  12658. That event is called "the sharkfest," so yeah, still sharky there. :) Actually, swimming the bay to Alcatraz is a common sporting event, and there are monthly non-competitive swims. But those are all restricted to experienced swimmers who take a specific class, are monitored by experienced coaches who accompany them in kayaks, and controlled for weather. Swimmers wear wetsuits because the water is dangerously cold. The tides are notoriously difficult, and there is a risk of sharks in the bay. There is a reason that prison officials thought it highly unlikely that a prisoner would be able to swim for it, even if they got to that point. Moreover, an escapee would almost certainly have to make the crossing at night, and would not likely be able to choose the timing. There is an enjoyable narrative of making that swim here: https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2017/jan/04/escape-from-alcatraz-swimming-san-francisco-the-rock-shoreline
    1
  12659. The TU-124 was a derivative of the TU-104. I talk about that in the episode.
    1
  12660. https://youtu.be/zL0JHPD0uOk
    1
  12661. Tell that the the Taino, the Aztec and the Inca. I do not exactly know the agenda behind your comment, but our historical description is entirely accurate.
    1
  12662.  @simetric6551  It is historical fact that millions of Native Americans died under Spanish rule. I am perplexed by how you assert that not to be the case. While the vast majority of the millions of deaths were due to disease, it is difficult to define the conquest of Hispaniola and the Taino people as other than genocide. While that term is more difficult to apply to the Aztecs and Incas, certainly the Spanish engaged in regular acts of brutality and systematized forced labor on a massive scale. Even the system of concubinage which created the mixed race Mestizos could hardly be called humane. I don't deal in comparisons, and am not making comment on other European colonists. But it is demonstrably untrue that the Spanish treated native populations with respect in the colonial era. The position in the episode is historically correct- Spanish rule in the Americas resulted in the deaths of millions of Native Americans, and an enormous transfer of wealthy. That is historical fact.
    1
  12663.  @simetric6551  The exact line was "Spanish Colonial rule in the Americas was a brutal regime that killed millions of native Americans and transferred an almost unimaginable amount of wealth from the new world to the old." That statement is historically accurate and correct, and I am not sure what contest you are actually making against it. Again, it is not my interest to try to compare colonial rule, and we make no such comparison in the episode.
    1
  12664.  @simetric6551  at least many thousands of native Americans died in horrific conditions digging silver for the Spanish at Potosi. The imperative for that original comment is to note that the silver that ushered in the modern era came at a great price. I don’t see how we could not have highlighted that from the beginning.
    1
  12665. I use American pronunciation.
    1
  12666. They did not seem to realize the necessity until it was too late. They were added to the other two towers after the Tower 4 disaster.
    1
  12667. The same can be said of most every country.
    1
  12668. It is called "Highway Wildflowers" and is from the YouTube royalty free library.
    1
  12669. Largely yes, the CAP was a place for people too old or too young for regular service.
    1
  12670. They are. Brutinel originally acquired twenty Colt machine guns, as Vickers guns were not available. But, after the first eight Autocars were produced, the the subsequent vehicles were armed with the Vickers.
    1
  12671. In the UK you have to pay a fee to purchaser and a yearly fee for broadcast television. The money goes to support the BBC.
    1
  12672. That occurred in March 1954.
    1
  12673. It took us around four thousand fewer years to develop a Covid vaccine than a rabies vaccine.
    1
  12674. Fabulous movie. Kipling is actually a character, played by the marvelous Christopher Plummer.
    1
  12675. Yeah, with you on that...
    1
  12676. A mighty rivalry.
    1
  12677.  @billmorris2613  I personally know of instances where rolling off the cart was not reported.
    1
  12678. It is from an Air Force film called "the Indispensables. " Kind of cheesy, but a fun watch. https://archive.org/details/gov.archives.arc.64130
    1
  12679. Christmas present
    1
  12680. Thank you!
    1
  12681. https://youtu.be/E2383ElpU4U
    1
  12682. Alec Ver Bunker in the future I may start other channels with a different concept.
    1
  12683. Yes, Josh still writes some episodes and manages the podcast.
    1
  12684. I plan to do an episode focusing on the New Madrid earthquakes.
    1
  12685. The Fisher brothers of Fisher body were apparently unrelated to Carl G Fisher.
    1
  12686. There were many Americans aboard Titanic, and many more victims were coming to be Americans.
    1
  12687. It does- I'd like to go visit.
    1
  12688. Channel members get access as soon as a video uploads.
    1
  12689. The Republic of Ireland was created in 1948- it did not exist yet in the period covered. During the era discussed the name of the country was "Ireland," as the Constitution of 1937 asserted authority over the entire island. However, the six counties had separated themselves under the provisions of the Anglo-Irish treaty of 1922. As the name "Ireland" did not clearly exclude Northern Ireland, which was under an entirely different government, it was common to use the term Southern Ireland.
    1
  12690. https://youtu.be/oOz7M7WP8i8
    1
  12691. Yes, i did leave out that the magnesium body burned.
    1
  12692. That is the best part of the discussion. But, as the lines are an imaginary invention of humans, wouldn't, then, the location based on the navigational capabilities of the the day, be the actual definition for the time?
    1
  12693. Not for the USAAF he wasn’t
    1
  12694. It was repaired and served with China Airlines another twelve years. It's operating certificate was only revoked in 2005. It is currently stored in Mexico and reported to be in very poor condition.
    1
  12695. Exactly.
    1
  12696. Ken P it was actually likely two balloons, and, comically, it sounds like both floated out to sea with nary a hit. https://sill-www.army.mil/ada-online/antiaircraft-journal/_docs/1949/5-6/May-June%201949%20Screen.pdf
    1
  12697. I believe you mean the Dickin medal, we've covered a few recipients. https://youtu.be/E2383ElpU4U https://youtu.be/cDwsnpo066g https://youtu.be/w3PekI7QzcE
    1
  12698. Lol yes, the British currency value. He wasn’t a circus strong man.
    1
  12699. It was, I learned in this episode, not easy for some of the crew to bail out.
    1
  12700. The British Order of Merit is a very different decoration that was originated in 1902.
    1
  12701. The channel is not at all restricted to US history.
    1
  12702. I have moved yo a shotgun mic, and the sound is much improved.
    1
  12703. Flank speed is a ship's true maximum speed, and is actually faster than "full speed ahead." It means pressing engines to limit, past the point of, for example, fuel efficiency- it was an exigence used only to save the ship. As such, the actual speed depends upon the ship.
    1
  12704. She had three colts, all of which were gelded. The bloodline has ended.
    1
  12705. The_History_Guy.
    1
  12706. There is, reportedly, a project in development, https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4703374/
    1
  12707. It seems so...
    1
  12708. They built parks and museums and roads and infrastructure. In no way am I justifying corruption, but Tweed gave us Central Park and the Met, albeit at great benefit to himself. It is not unfair to mention that.
    1
  12709.  @441rider  History and Housecats, a tale of Civilization https://youtu.be/E2383ElpU4U
    1
  12710. She passed away in 2002. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/167618984/victoria-louise-glenn
    1
  12711. Most certainly not.
    1
  12712. JJM thank you!
    1
  12713. Yes, actually quite brutal. Stone age life wasn't as happy-go-lucky as some seem to imagine.
    1
  12714. We post on Monday, Wednesday and Friday. But we do have a pirates playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhauU-JrRzP3pqhjmjJFmYO
    1
  12715. Rumor is that one is in the works
    1
  12716. I have a quality shotgun mic, and haven't, in general, found better quality with a lapel mic.
    1
  12717. Michael Kierum I actually started out the channel wearing different ties. Viewers commented on the bowties.
    1
  12718. Michael Kierum oh they have to be self tie! Thank you for being a patron!
    1
  12719. The design of the plague doctor costume is usually attributed to a seventeenth century French doctor named Charles de Lorme. The idea of the bird shape was a respirator chamber that would be filled with sweet smelling flowers and herbs to combat miasma. I have never seen a reference suggesting the mask was made for other than functional (if misguided) purpose.
    1
  12720. Yes, that quite possibly will be an episode.
    1
  12721.  @jeffreyknowles6265  three.
    1
  12722.  @sherylcascadden4988  we will have several more at least.
    1
  12723. Better than being his enemy...
    1
  12724. David Miller I fail to see how we could have been more explicit regarding the differences. The history and description are accurate. Seriously, I don’t know what beef you have that you are projecting, but it seems unrelated to the actual episode we made.
    1
  12725. Yes, I do plan to do one or more episodes on the CAP.
    1
  12726. That is a fair question. Actually old Soviet (and Chinese) military vehicles often had white walled tires. I honestly don’t know why, and answers online seem confused as well. https://www.thetruthaboutcars.com/2013/09/chinas-latest-military-weapon-on-whitewalls/
    1
  12727. Destroyed during Jackalope Days. That is truly ironic.
    1
  12728. It was an open secret, yes.
    1
  12729. Fair point about assassination. The question of him as a father is also fair, but the record is sparse. He had three children. The middle, child, his only son, died of an infection at age 16. They did live with him when he was in Washington, and in London, where his son Abraham died.
    1
  12730. The Colonists did not see kidnapping men off the street in the same sanguine way. Yes, the crown saw the taxation as paying for defense. That created a vision where colonists started to see better opportunity outside the empire. And, of course, they chafed since tariffs had largely gone unenforced before. There were other complaints. Dudingston was high handed, property was confiscated on scant evidence without a clear system of appeal, and some acts- like sending the accused to the Admiralty court on Boston was seen as a violation of the Rhode Island Charter. Dudingston was specifically disrespectful to the Colonial Governor. Per usual, my point here is not to take sides. Both had complaints, and both largely dismissed the complaints of the others. As discussed at the end, the interpretations of the causes and motivations have transformed repeatedly in the centuries since the events. No matter your thought on the justice of the cause, the Gaspee Affair happened, and eventually helped to spur broader rebellion.
    1
  12731. John Burns I am a historian. I do not seek to justify history, I seek to tell the story. I might also humbly suggest that the British interest was also self-interest. The tariff was intended to ensure that colonists only purchased British molasses. I also submit that some people see seeking to obtain the freedom to pursue your own self interest as a moral and just quest.
    1
  12732. How would cloud seeding explain it? Not only has cloud seeding proved pretty much worthless in hurricanes, as it turns out they don’t have much supercooled water, but hurricanes paths are no based on rainfall. I make no statements on the hurricanes this year. But nothing in a cloud seeding program was ever designed to affect a storm’s path.
    1
  12733. :)
    1
  12734. Smart Car in Belize I also didn’t mention Myanmar.
    1
  12735. Rockets brought a terrifying volume of fire.
    1
  12736. The EPA uses different standards of measure. The 2017 Honda Civic Touring Sedan has an EPA rating of 42 MPG combined.
    1
  12737. Respectfully, what distinguished the 8.8 cm from allied AA guns is that it was designed and intended to be used for both the AA and the direct fire role. The Germans determined during the guns' use during the Spanish Civil War that it should be designed for multiple roles. It was a great AT gun, with one of the best optical sights of the war and exceptional rate of fire that allowed a greater number of repeat hits than even late-war allied AT guns. The design of the carriage, the three-part barrel and the ammunition were all specifically for AT use, and crews were, from the outset of the war, trained for that role, although the guns were usually crewed by Luftwaffe personnel. It is a myth that Rommel impressed the gun into a role for which it was not designed. And, propaganda aside, every allied tanker would disagree that it was "not a good AT gun."
    1
  12738. The settlement was established by the Dutch in 1624 as New Amsterdam. It was taken by a British fleet in 1664 and renamed New York after the Duke of York. That act became the casus belli for the Second Angle Dutch War. The colony was permanently ceded to England as a result of that war and remained New York.
    1
  12739. Russell Hltn videaos are all between five and fifteen minutes long. The exact overall length of the video can be seen on the bottom of the video before playing it.
    1
  12740. The channel has evolved singe the original idea. But, once more, you can see the complete length of the video listed in the bottom left before you click play.
    1
  12741. awyld85 My bank account doesn’t think that I am Bill Gates...
    1
  12742. We could just call it “ham.”
    1
  12743. "Germany" and "Prussia" were used almost interchangeably by press at the time. For good reason. "Imperial Germany" was, essentially, simply the idea of a greater Prussia. The emperor was the King of Prussia.
    1
  12744. https://youtu.be/OR0EwnGnp2I
    1
  12745. Timothy Bullard the pronunciation actually changes depending upon where you are in Missouri.
    1
  12746. Nofrackingzone 2.0 that was certainly true of the Coast Guard, whose professionalism and training showed. The crew of flight 6, however, were operating well beyond their training. There was no pilot training for water-ditching.
    1
  12747. Akshay Anand I have not. I likely will, yes.
    1
  12748. https://youtu.be/QlI-5Nzsa-Q
    1
  12749. Thank You! Ms History Guy has been working on thumbnails.
    1
  12750. Thank you for your service!
    1
  12751. carl jacobs thank you for your service! It was in local papers, but not highlighted much. Much of the detail did not come out until the congressional hearing years later.
    1
  12752. ‘83 model year
    1
  12753. I've tried to write the script several times. I just don't have any better answers than anyone else.
    1
  12754. Mine is a tall masted sailing ship- no steam. It is the Juan Sebastian Elcano, a tall masted training ship of the Spanish Navy.
    1
  12755. Well, Forrest Mars has been accused of pirating the idea for M&Ms from Smarties...
    1
  12756. That is a USAAF roundel.
    1
  12757. I agree that rail played a significant role in the US Civil War, as well as other conflicts. The argument made about the Great War is that it was the only war in which rail was the defining technology. Certainly that claim is disputable.
    1
  12758. We'll get there. I grew up very near Deadwood. There is plenty more history to go...
    1
  12759.  @Backroad_Junkie  As you talked about the parks in the area to visit, you did not mention the part of national park system where I worked: https://youtu.be/QqQzJWhfWxE
    1
  12760. timflemming4christ not using a camera mic, using a shotgun.
    1
  12761. morskojvolk thank you!
    1
  12762. I hope to do an episode on the INA sometime. I left them out here because their role in the battle was reasonably small and came late in the action. It would have taken more time to explain who they were than would have been justified by their effect on this battle.
    1
  12763. That is an enjoyable documentary.
    1
  12764. Thank you! Yes, I get more ad revenue if you let the ad play through.
    1
  12765. frank scott that is a fair point, and I did not say because it is not certain. Etymology online suggests possibly Wolof.
    1
  12766. I I do an episode on the Great Famine, I'll let you know.
    1
  12767. I left quite a lot of the battel vague because I plan to do several episodes on the battle eventually.
    1
  12768. 219 foot, ten inches. As in, two inches short of 220 feet.
    1
  12769. It is certainly an interesting bit of space history. I may well do an episode. thanks!
    1
  12770. Decio Leonardo Santos-Dumont’s flights did not occur until 1906.
    1
  12771. I have no idea what you are talking about.
    1
  12772.  @n3w549  we have the best thumbnails on the business
    1
  12773. Allan Peda yes, it was issued to the Coast Guard during the second world war.
    1
  12774. The argument is not that society needs serial killers, but that we are fascinated by deviants because we need them to make ourselves feel normal by comparison. He is not arguing for serial killing...
    1
  12775. Yes, the 1994 crash is interesting and may be an episode someday.
    1
  12776. I apologize for the error.
    1
  12777. Montauk Air Force Station was a radar installation that part of the Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) system. It wasn't technically part of DEW, but all the systems integrated. It was also the operational parent station of Texas Tower 3: https://youtu.be/9JjSr4di8ug
    1
  12778. I am not sure which picture you are seeing, but I don't have a mounted snake skin, no.
    1
  12779. Adrienne Gormley Reno’s is an interesting story, and may be an episode sometime.
    1
  12780. It is on my list. i am sure that I will have an episode on it some day.
    1
  12781. Yes.
    1
  12782. LOL
    1
  12783. https://youtu.be/AKV0kFCnWbs
    1
  12784. Yeah, they stomp around alkaline water sifting mud.
    1
  12785. Yes, although he always stuck to his story.
    1
  12786. Yes, named for (although not by) John James Audubon and still going strong. https://youtu.be/koaaWJo9X0g?si=0rPO9E0ekDTowmn5
    1
  12787. Estimates vary wildly, (some as high as 100 million,) but virtually all experts agree that native peoples of the Americas numbered in the millions in the pre-Columbian era. https://books.google.com/books?id=NPoAQRgkrOcC&pg=PA40&dq=pre-Columbian+population+million&cd=6#v=onepage&q=pre-Columbian%20population%20million&f=false
    1
  12788. I don't speed up anything, no. I do talk rather quickly, and have been addressing that in newer episodes.
    1
  12789. Bootheels and Honey Bees: The forgotten history of Missouri's Borders https://youtu.be/79s6HSu_Ij8
    1
  12790. I've only breifly mentioned CSS Alabama. I talked about the Confederate commerce raiders in this episode: https://youtu.be/oJWjTp7DHEk
    1
  12791. Grew wild and collected certainly, but domesticated and cultivated maybe not before the 15 th century.
    1
  12792. Stephen Little The History Guy, P.O. Box 1473, O’Fallon, IL, 62269.
    1
  12793. It was. I apologize for the error.
    1
  12794. Highway Wildflowers
    1
  12795. It is certainly possible the tank was misidentified, my understanding is that that was common in after action reports.
    1
  12796. Absolutely intend to do an episode on it.
    1
  12797.  @stuartriefe1740  the painting is entitled “The Problem We All Live With.” There is a photo of President Obama admiring the painting at 16:09.
    1
  12798. Due to political barriers, it is impossible to follow a direct route around the equator. Guidelines have been created to dictate how far a journey can stray from a great circle route (a perfect circle of 40,075 km) and still be classified as a circumnavigation by the Federation Aeronautique Internationale
    1
  12799. Robert Hilden the class of vessels was named after volcanoes. I don’t think it was anything more extraordinary than that.
    1
  12800. Jack Jones they do undergo a lot of maintenance- the average age of the B-52s in service is 55. But the airframes have proven exceptionally durable. The maintenance cost versus time flown is quite low comparable to other aircraft. It really is an extraordinary aircraft. This is a good synopsis of how the plane has lasted so long: https://www.wired.com/2016/04/gods-green-earth-b-52-still-service/
    1
  12801. But Tasmanian tigers were not nearly this large.
    1
  12802. The official Army decision has been to leave the Vietnam tomb empty.
    1
  12803. Robertson's real problem was that he wanted to be the manufacturer. Early on in Canada and then in the UK he had issue beings under-capitalized, and that put the business in a pinch. By licensing a design to existing screw manufacturers, Phillips avoided the problem.
    1
  12804. He is well paid in kibble and pets.
    1
  12805. Cat they were numbered north to south. It is just coincidence that the northern most tower was never built.
    1
  12806. That is a good story.
    1
  12807. I don’t think that anyone was saying anything about “combat capable.” Large and medium bombers simply carried much larger bomb loads and were better armored for attacks on bases defended by heavy AA defenses.
    1
  12808. A depraved fellow- he might get his own episode some day.
    1
  12809. The French word for sirloin is aloyau. The word presumably came by mashing together the french "sur" meaning above, with the English word loins (which is lombes in French.) A similar usage is the word "surname."
    1
  12810. Yes, I tie my ties. Ties come from The Tie Bar. https://www.thetiebar.com/?utm_campaign=BowtieLove&utm_medium=YouTube&utm_source=LanceGeiger
    1
  12811. blackvulcan100 things have changed a bit since 1969. I feel the same about the UK. It is a lovely country with a rich history. Every visit leaves me wanting to go back.
    1
  12812. blackvulcan100 mostly London. We’ve taken a side trip down to Portsmouth and over to the tank museum at Bovington, been to Avebury and Stonehenge, Canterbury Cathedral and Dover castle. We took the ferry to France and up to Belgium to see Waterloo. I feel we’ve barely scratched the surface. And, of course, the US is vast...
    1
  12813. Thank you!
    1
  12814. That is a great story
    1
  12815. The two are not mutually exclusive.
    1
  12816. Different mine
    1
  12817. Victim of the "bomb cyclone?"
    1
  12818. Flag Lieutenant
    1
  12819. I hope to do an episode on the INA sometime. I left them out here because their role in the battle was reasonably small and came late in the action. It would have taken more time to explain who they were than would have been justified by their effect on this battle.
    1
  12820. Charles is, in fact, my 15th cousin. I eagerly await my invitation.
    1
  12821. LOL- the crew is just me, no mixing is involved. I have since removed the introduction and acquired a better microphone.
    1
  12822. The Hague convention sets strict rules to be considered a hospital ship.
    1
  12823. OLDCONTEMPTABLE I don’t know who Valve is. We’ve had a Patreon page since last May.
    1
  12824. 12inchRules personally, I think the evidence is compelling that the absence of the carriers was coincidental, rather that representing foreknowledge of the attack.
    1
  12825. Sadly, we are no longer together, and she is no longer involved with the channel.
    1
  12826. Bradford is my mother’s maiden name. Harold was my maternal grandfather.
    1
  12827. Mambo Dave I don’t have an “FX guy,” this is a one person operation. I use Cyberlink PowerDirector. I am using only public domain images, so the quality is only what is available.
    1
  12828. https://youtu.be/DONjMa99jvk
    1
  12829. Thank you!
    1
  12830. Ground for the memorial was actually broken even before a contractor for the the monument was chosen. It took years to ready a foundation so that construction could start. https://www.gatewayarch.com/the-story-of-jefferson-national-expansion-memorial/
    1
  12831. "Pope Night" was November 5, and in same ways resembled the Guy Fawkes bonfire.
    1
  12832. https://youtu.be/0tZe3XFZChs
    1
  12833. Lol, yup. I have no idea how this short violates the policy description.
    1
  12834. English Electric was the name of the manufacturer. They also built train locomotives.
    1
  12835. MaynardOwns well, it was difficult not having motorized snow plows.
    1
  12836. Ulysses Grant
    1
  12837. Soylent Green pfft. I don’t wear clip ons.
    1
  12838. Fair point. Craft breweries are small, independent brewers. But craft brews tend to experiment and are very commonly flavored.
    1
  12839. The History Guy uses media that are in the public domain. As photographs of actual events are sometimes not available, photographs of similar objects and events are used for illustration. As there was no Public Domain picture of Garland Allen's church, I used a picture of another Virginia church. You are correct, that is Matthew Brady standing in the picture.
    1
  12840. No direct descendants, no. All of Robert Todd Lincoln's grandchildren died without issue.
    1
  12841. What about it?
    1
  12842. Thanos the music is called “Highway Wildflowers” and is from the YT royalty free collection. Yes, the name of the channel is Five minutes of history, although it has evolved since the original idea.
    1
  12843. No, it works fine. It just takes forever to warm up. They have always worked that way.
    1
  12844. That is what all the cool aviators were wearing in 1916.
    1
  12845. According to the sagas, Iceland was given its name by the first Norse settler, Flóki Vilgerðarson, after all his livestock died in a particularly harsh winter. Greenland was given its name by Erik Thorvaldsson as a way to encourage settlement there.
    1
  12846. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J034vtAzd_w - locally, it's pronounced as I did.
    1
  12847. https://studio.youtube.com/video/D-xzn1nILwM/edit
    1
  12848. Certainly the reasons were less obvious.
    1
  12849. The thinking was that the attack would center on the industrial production centers- both the Pinetree Line and the Texas Towers were aimed at protecting the northeast- mostly automobile production in Detroit. But there were also gap filling measures in the west, and those may be the focus of another episode.
    1
  12850. We plan to keep producing the regular 10 015 minute length episodes on the same schedule. We'll just put up the shorter ones now and again as well.
    1
  12851. Thank you!
    1
  12852. It was actually kindled by Queen Elizabeth, The Queen Mother.
    1
  12853. RR PLANB the system was integrated with SAGE. The original idea was to connect via underwater cable, but it proved to expensive.
    1
  12854. What a wild story. Thanks for the suggestion!
    1
  12855. I am doing a series on my hats exclusive for patrons on Patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  12856. Agreed, we left that next step out.
    1
  12857. I would certainly say that Tomas Ward Custer earned his two medals by the standards of the day. had the US had a hierarchy system like today, Miles Keogh might have been awarded a gallantry award during the Civil War, but there is nothing in the record that seems to meet the standard for the CMH at the time. As to the battle of the Little Bighorn, there were no witnesses to his actions that day. https://youtu.be/8SLLd7X7dpA
    1
  12858. We used to buy liquor by the fifth- a fifth of a gallon. When we shifted to 750 ML we lost 7 Milliliters. The new sizes were standardized in 1975 with a change in Title 27 of the Code of Federal Regulations.
    1
  12859. I can see how you would make the connection, but they were two different people. G.F. Mason was the "Chief Food Scientist" at Heinz labs around the turn of the century. (He perfected the process for preservative free ketchup in 1904.) The Mason Jar was invented by John Landis Mason and patented in 1858. He also invented the first screw top salt shaker.
    1
  12860. Another exciting tale for sure!
    1
  12861. Con that is Brooklyn Army base- it was one of the Army ports of embarkation. The description just says “between the wars.” The source is the US Army Center of Military History.
    1
  12862. Possibly- I had to leave out quite a number of animals, and hope to tell some more of their stories. There are two pictures of Ham at approximately 1:39.
    1
  12863. I’d love to tell that story. If you have ideas about specific events please feel free to email thg@thehistoryguy.net. If your wing has an information officer, I’d be happy to talk with them as well.
    1
  12864. Thank you!
    1
  12865.  @gregandy4277  lol yes, I am sure we’ll have something. Halloween with the History Guy https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGi0raMSNldpf0vYepsVJ9mn
    1
  12866. Some used the Medicis as models.
    1
  12867. True. The empire did. Under its emperor- the King of Prussia.
    1
  12868. Look it up- Boston was the biggest. But it has been, thankfully, gone for 120 + years.
    1
  12869. I talk about it some, especially in terms of the Ruble, in this episode: https://youtu.be/fNBmsupE-Lo
    1
  12870. It is true that Hoxha was an aggressive atheist who actively persecuted all religions. That, however, was not the subject of this episode.
    1
  12871. In the UK they were called reheats, and that is the term Taffy Holden used when telling the story.
    1
  12872. It is not "linguistic arrogance" that words are pronounced differently in different places.
    1
  12873. Jason correct, the SR-71 was the fastest manned airplane, but not the fastest manned aircraft. If I said differently, I do apologize.
    1
  12874. It saddens me that generations now grow up with squeezable bottles, and so do not learn important lessons about science.
    1
  12875. Richard Ross I am honored by that comparison.
    1
  12876. The one that started here? https://youtu.be/Dh2d2uQ6gps
    1
  12877. I have a few ideas in mind and will have episodes out at some point.
    1
  12878. Happy New Year to you, as well.
    1
  12879. How many is a difficult question, as the Air Force is not always forthcoming. there was, at least, the training tape incident and three computer chip errors in 1979/80. https://youtu.be/YCQITNbw7tc
    1
  12880. Oops- my mistake. Sorry I missed it.
    1
  12881. Thank you!
    1
  12882. Thank you!
    1
  12883. The podcast will be mostly audio from the YT channel. Viewers had requested the audio format. I know that means that our subscribers will have already heard many of the stories, but we will be covering some topics in the podcasts that we have not done in video format.
    1
  12884. Yes. They both published stories on the event, owing to the inclusion og the rare Steyr 220 automobile.
    1
  12885. Early on I wore different ties, and even no tie at all. Viewers (I only had a few at the time) commented on the bow ties, so I stuck with them. Generally feedback has been favorable- I think I'd get complaints if I switched now...
    1
  12886. I was not referencing the Meredith effect, which is based on air temperature. The conclusion seems to be that such an effect would be trivial for aircraft of the period. The cowling is an airfoil. The airfoil shape of a cowling produces a forward dynamic force. As with a planar airfoil where the difference in airspeed and associated changes in pressure produces lift, the shape of the circular airfoil directs that same effect forward as thrust, partially counteracting drag.
    1
  12887. Yes, a revision at the end.
    1
  12888. Mount Hood as well. https://youtu.be/eMGog4QJsIs
    1
  12889.  @philgiglio7922  the Halifax explosion. https://youtu.be/_Uu6GULBKVM
    1
  12890. https://youtu.be/g0TwNQ9Pj_A
    1
  12891. Thank you for your service. I may well do an episode on Anthony Wayne and the Legion of the United States.
    1
  12892. I apologize for the error.
    1
  12893. He isn't
    1
  12894. I just started playing last week, so haven't opened up enough ships to make an educated comment on game play. But it was fun playing USS Chester, which is a ship with an important, but largely forgotten history.
    1
  12895. Do you get soap?
    1
  12896. Thank you!
    1
  12897. I was wearing matching cuff inks, but they didn't show
    1
  12898. Evelyn Nielsen Wood, the educator who developed the speed reading technique, was a woman from Utah.
    1
  12899. I mean no offense to Mr. Carlson when I say that any resemblance is coincidental and no homage is intended.
    1
  12900. That is also a great story that will almost certainly be an episode.
    1
  12901. The short story is that goes back to Roman times. January is named after Janus, the God of new beginnings. The Date carried over to the Julien calendar, and then to the Gregorian. The start of the New Year in England was April 5 until they adopted the Gregorian Calendar in 1752. https://youtu.be/mk4n7XWsY_4
    1
  12902. I simply said the US version was called the football. Of course Yeltsin had the Cheget.
    1
  12903. Thank you!
    1
  12904. Thank you!
    1
  12905. When was the US trying to go to war with Spain?
    1
  12906. Flocks of geese were a particular issue with the radars used on the Pinetree Line.
    1
  12907. I quite possibly will.
    1
  12908. He is pretty good sized- twice the size of his sister.
    1
  12909. I don't know what you mean. The Battle of Kansas was in February and March 1944. The first bombers left for India in April and the first combat mission was not until June.
    1
  12910. I understand your preference, but I think that you are incorrect, according to polling, about your assumption about what would win in a vote. The experience, almost universally, has been that the switch only occurs when the switch is mandated by government.
    1
  12911. The obelisk is in Walnut Hill cemetery in Bellville if you are in the area.
    1
  12912.  @Alan-ej6wb  I would be. We did do an episode, but largely without actual photos of the crash, as they were not, by and large, in the Public Domain. We would be happy to provide image credit. Feel free to email thg@thehistoryguy.net.
    1
  12913. Pozi was developed by the Phillips company.
    1
  12914. Yeah. I am mildly insulted that they thought my video needed “context” and greatly insulted that the best they could do is Wikipedia.
    1
  12915. Thank you!
    1
  12916. Pan Am did not thunk so at the time.
    1
  12917. Oddly food riots often destroyed food. This might have been simple anger- riots are not always logical,- but likely the idea was to punish and discourage hoarders.
    1
  12918. Happy Belated Birthday!
    1
  12919. I haven"t done a Midway episdoe yet- still looking for the right story. But I agree, it deserves to be remembered.
    1
  12920. Jack Rabbit yup. In fact, there were only four men in the posse.
    1
  12921. Scooter w. Probably, yes
    1
  12922. Maybe a future episode.
    1
  12923. One of the rarest sites in London...
    1
  12924.  @goodun2974  The Charlie Birger Gang and Little Egypt https://youtu.be/wp_YPBLQx1w
    1
  12925. Yea. He continued managing her theater, but died just five years after her death.
    1
  12926. I am relating what was in written accounts. I cannot guarantee the numbers were not exaggerated. For example, actual scientific analysis of the bones and teeth of the Tsavo man-eaters has suggested the number of people eaten was far less than was reported at the time. However, even very recent accounts of man-eaters have some of these creatures killing a dozen or more, so it is completely conceivable the numbers could be in the 100s if such an animal was able to continue for years before being killed.
    1
  12927. Absaalookemensch I guess you could say that...
    1
  12928. Not the same school. Frederick Kemper, founder of the former military school in Booneville does not seem to have been closely related to Jackson Kemper, after whom the college in St Louis was named.
    1
  12929. The ads are controlled by Google ads. I do recommend YouTube premium if you don't like the ads.
    1
  12930. Thank you!
    1
  12931. obsolete professor that may have been Pan Am flight 845/26, which, in March of 1955, was en route from Portland to Hawaii and crashed due to a propeller failure.
    1
  12932. Many jet aircraft have survived periods of being up-owered. Planes are aerodynamic, and do glide. The distance in which they can glide is called their "glide path." I very specifically mentioned the glide path and its limitations.
    1
  12933. Not three minutes, but yes, the episode is sponsored, as is clearly stated at the start.
    1
  12934. Lucky Lady IV carried, reportedly, a brisket and a lasagna for the trip.
    1
  12935. Yes, Fulton made up the word. Some papers also translated as "defender of the people."
    1
  12936. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pN1uWf2_t_g
    1
  12937. Al Anton the description came from the CAB report- I am confident that it accurately describes the engine malfunction. The engine was shut down. Captain Ogg attempted to feather the propeller, but the mechanism failed. The oil supply was cut off in an attempt to get the propeller to seize.
    1
  12938. Al Anton I don’t know why you are having difficulty making comments on the episode- comments are open. This is linked in the description and gives all details on the process. The oil was cut off to stop the over clocking engine when the propeller would not feather. http://propspistonsandoldairliners.blogspot.com/2011/08/amazing-ditching-of-pan-am-flight.html
    1
  12939. Security for ALSOS was provided by ONI and G-2. To my knowledge OSS was not involved in ALSOS, but did have their own similar AZUSA project.
    1
  12940. Tomie Dotson if you listen again, you’ll find that I did not credit Marconi with the invention of radio, and specifically say many people were involved. He early sets were almost exclusively designed by Marconi, and the limitations of those sets is the key part in the story. The cathode releases elections into the vacuum via the process of thermionic emission. While it us fair to say the electrons were already in the matter, the cathode creates the electron stream.
    1
  12941. C Morales thank you!
    1
  12942. animal16365 possibly- it is a tad well known.
    1
  12943. We continue to produce three videos a week. We post the podcast in addition to those, as some people like the audio format. The podcasts are also released through normal podcast channels.
    1
  12944. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1yDwqaJ11qs
    1
  12945. All 4 History Cats are doing fine
    1
  12946. The pile is virtually infinite. I hope to keep doing this for a good long time.
    1
  12947. Glenn Saborosch those are managed by Google ads and customized to the viewer.
    1
  12948. The title refers to the virtue mercy, not just the ship. This is a history of hospital ships.
    1
  12949. Glad you liked it!
    1
  12950. Sorry- Teespring is easy to work with, but they have limited options. there doesn't appear to be a different hoodie option with a zipper.
    1
  12951. Thank you. I was very touched when I came upon your website dedicated to your brother, and felt I had to mention it. I am honored that you are sharing the video on your site.
    1
  12952. Thank you!
    1
  12953. Yes, it is definitely on the list.
    1
  12954. LOL I grew up in Hot Springs, home of the Bison.
    1
  12955. Yes, the casing melted and some of the warhead material was lost and washed downstream. But the missile structure also included thoriated magnesium (commonly called "Mag-Thor") The material was used because it was light-weight and strong. But thorium is radioactive, and becomes airborne in a fire. this was not part of the warhead, but part of the missile structure.
    1
  12956. Correct, WWII rations used bars more often than M&Ms.
    1
  12957. I am not the first nor only one to refer to the Black Tom as terrorism. The goal was unquestionably political-- to intimidate America out of supporting the allies. The textbook definition of terrorism is : "The unlawful use of violence and intimidation, especially against civilians, in the pursuit of political aims." I think this explosion fits the definition. Again, I understand the counterargument, but I do not think the term is incorrect.
    1
  12958. Trying to interrupt production is a political goal, and the act clearly illegal. That is terrorism. Sorry, I do not see the argument for why that normalizes 9/11 in the least. Certainly 9/11 was not the only act of terrorism in the US or even on New York City. My goal was never to minimize the 9/11 attacks, and I am sorry if you see it that way.
    1
  12959. calvingreene90 why can’t terrorism serve a strategic goal?
    1
  12960. calvingreene90 fear was clearly the goal, as was hiding German involvement.
    1
  12961. The Kaiser Wilhelm Institute mentioned in the episode was renamed after Planck in 1948.
    1
  12962. It is a model of the Juan Sebastian, a tall masted schooner of the Spanish navy.
    1
  12963. Well, the idea was that mutually assured destruction prevented war. Without that, war becomes winnable, and thus thinkable.
    1
  12964. The war head did not explode, and there was no radiation leak, but the missile did explode. One airman was killed. https://youtu.be/jDcog2ZP684
    1
  12965. The Bovington episode was filmed last month.
    1
  12966. At the height of the 1962 crisis the US was flying in 160 tons of military supplies to India a day. The assertion that these arms impacted the 1965 war is made in Bruce Riedel's book.
    1
  12967. https://youtu.be/bVSvGW_S948
    1
  12968. The ore is not that spectacular. It probably just looked like crushed rock.
    1
  12969. Richard Black https://youtu.be/Byiu1XVYC5Y
    1
  12970. In World War One it was the Imperial German Navy.
    1
  12971. After the Nile he had no way to evacuate them.
    1
  12972. Yes. that is usually the role of support vessels. That is the reason that carriers travel in groups.
    1
  12973. That was the battle where Zuikaku was sunk. But it was not generally considered to be one of the five "carrier on carrier" battles due to the lack of Japanese aircraft. After the battle of the Philippine Sea IJN carriers were just decoys, and the age of the Kamikaze began.
    1
  12974. Walter Clark no members of the rescue flotilla were lost. Other Coast Guardsmen who were serving on other vessels were killed.
    1
  12975. My mistake
    1
  12976. The quotation was in Captain Robinson's book "Where Away, a Modern Odyssey." I suspect the title was used informally.
    1
  12977. Rumor is that one is in the works.
    1
  12978. Not, apparently, enough to speak from beyond the grave.
    1
  12979. https://www.livescience.com/52488-centrifugal-centripetal-forces.html
    1
  12980. Thank you!
    1
  12981. Yeah, egg omelet through a tube doesn't sound very appetizing.
    1
  12982. Yes, the Revenue Cutter Service combined with the US Lifesaving Service to form the US Coast Guard
    1
  12983. My rate of speaking is about 170 WPM, which is on the high-end of a Ted talk. It is not forced, it is simply how I speak.
    1
  12984. I did not have time to include all the logistics of how it was accomplished with the pilot rotation, but it was interesting to read the descriptions by pilots of the era.
    1
  12985. The trees exploding part turns out to be an exaggeration. https://youtu.be/4auMcmLsMB8?si=XH3xDzhsyS_lWRrf
    1
  12986. There is actually disagreement over whether "Unsinkable Sam" was real or weather it was all just a sea story. It is almost impossible that a cat survived the sinking of the Bismark, where few of the crew were rescued, and them under very bad conditions.
    1
  12987. Yes, I collect vintage peaked caps.
    1
  12988. https://youtu.be/vhopzm6L7n8
    1
  12989. They were never married in a ceremony, and never produced a certificate.
    1
  12990. LOL
    1
  12991. Yes, the US was an imperial power, and claimed many territories in the Pacific.
    1
  12992. Yes, Flying Tiger Line did business outside of government contracts as a cargo carrier.
    1
  12993. scowell the etymology of the term refers to the propeller.
    1
  12994. SirRageAlot VII Merry Christmas!
    1
  12995. I have a few episodes on Canadian history. There will be more. https://youtu.be/t09m0OS6S-I
    1
  12996. Mid October? Current trends will have it before the end of September.
    1
  12997. How so?
    1
  12998. I rather like bow ties. Actually, the channel did not start out all bow tie, I just happened to wear one and viewers responded. I don't know why one would be particularly distracting...
    1
  12999. Curtis Koehn and Taake does a statistical analysis of the attacks attributed to the beast and found that it targeted adults at six times the rate of other European wolf attacks. That is a statistical anomaly that is not so simple to discount. Your explanation- it was just wolves- is the most commonly accepted explanation. But it requires that we discount quite a lot of evidence of the period that simply does not fit a canid. That is not irrational- the beast was clearly distorted by hysteria- but that is why very many people do not find it to be such a conclusive answer. And wolf attacks were common in Europe for centuries. Wouldn't the people have been completely familiar with them? Again, I am not claiming to know the answer. But I respectfully submit that a reasonable person might look at the evidence and still question your answer.
    1
  13000. Curtis Koehn the comparison was age, and grown up victims were targeted at the six-times rate. The wolf-dog is a very intriguing explanation, and it does tend to raise questions about Chastel, known to own both Mastiffs and wolves. If a human was directing the attacks, that would explain the difference in targets. Still, no canid uses claws in attack, and the skulls that appeared to have been polished are very typical of a lion. And what was his motive? To me, the best part is that there is enough to debate. Much like Jack the Ripper, many have produced what they claim to be definitive answers, But the mystery remains.
    1
  13001. Curtis Koehn the claim is that the beast was said to attack with its claws, and survivors often had deep scratches. No known canid uses claws in attack. Favoring organs is typical of most predators. Again, I am not trying to claim that Taake has the definitive answer. But he does offer some compelling evidence. The fact is that very little evidence from the period is completely reliable, making the mystery very difficult to definitively resolve.
    1
  13002. Curtis Koehn There are reasons to mistrust primary sources. That is the topic of Dr. Jay Smiths 2011 book. But contemporary accounts describe a creature leaping great horizontal distances. A measurement of footprints showed a leap of 26 feet. That is double what a wolf can jump, and about four times the world record for a dog. It is, however, well within to ability of a lion.
    1
  13003. GBooth thank you
    1
  13004. You are correct on both points
    1
  13005. It is a painting intended to represent modernization in Japan.
    1
  13006. They played similar roles, and, as several Flower-class vessels were transferred to the US in early 1942, the two classes would have served together escorting coastal convoys. The Flower-class was somehow larger than the US subchasers.
    1
  13007. No- he actually changed his name to Cody. He was a showman as well as an aviator, and occasionally would claim to be Buffalo Bill's son. But it was just for attention- they were not related.
    1
  13008. I think the theory is that sabotage from inside the plane brought it down, and the survivors picked up by a Soviet ship or submarine.
    1
  13009. Steve Lawrence no, we don’t have any print version.
    1
  13010. Hail does more damage in terms of insurance claims in a typical year than tornadoes do. Obviously a single tornado is more destructive, but damaging hail is much more common.
    1
  13011. Not, to my knowledge, a cookie, but, in fact, a peony.
    1
  13012. Brackish is a fair term, but it was also not a salt-water lake.
    1
  13013. VersusARCH the complaint was that the irrigation was done very inefficiently even given the standards at the time. I don’t think that anyone suggested irrigating from the lake. I
    1
  13014. Mr Dorfman's math and explanation are here: https://ericdorfman.wordpress.com/2018/06/15/counting-your-chickens-the-worlds-most-numerous-bird/
    1
  13015. 1CAV11B I am happy to let people make their own decisions of what constitutes heroism. By any standard they rose to the occasion in an extraordinary situation, and that is history that deserves to be remembered.
    1
  13016. In that it came two decades after these events…
    1
  13017. The Toledo War: When Ohio and Michigan Went to War and Wisconsin Lost https://youtu.be/TcJChM_DXPw https://youtu.be/79s6HSu_Ij8?si=cMGAvgJ376PYVNlC
    1
  13018. P.O. Box 1473, O’Fallon, Il, 62269
    1
  13019. Yes, that was Tiger 131 in the film. The Sherman called "Fury" in the movie is also a part of the Bovington collection.
    1
  13020. Oh yeah. I'd live there if they'd let me.
    1
  13021. Not unlike the story of Taung Taloung- a real White Elephant gets no respect. ;)
    1
  13022. Possibly. My source, indicated in the episode, is the MIT sleep laboratory.
    1
  13023. Sorry- he was a Lieutenant Junior Grade.
    1
  13024. The library was most likely gone well ahead of the Turk's arrival.
    1
  13025. Gordon Bowen but that is all a political goal- which seems to be the classic definition of terrorism.
    1
  13026. Thank you!
    1
  13027. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjPx6NkocmNfyzMS5BYhMsN
    1
  13028. The correct word is pomology, and I do mistakenly use the nonword pomography towards the end of the video. I apologize for the error.
    1
  13029. I very well might. Thanks!
    1
  13030. Merriman Devonshire I lived in a rural and mountainous area. We were lucky to even get three. Very occasionally we could get something on UHF.
    1
  13031. But Space Force has not settled on a dress uniform yet, meaning I don’t have a hat...
    1
  13032. Chris Perry I don’t see anything about it on various histories of the island. I will keep researching.
    1
  13033. Moose Chocolate LOL
    1
  13034. Like most things, historians disagree. But the most accepted version is that they did not, and were surprised by the timing.
    1
  13035. Don’t eat them…
    1
  13036. Monarch literally on the currency.
    1
  13037. While six US hurricane hunter aircraft have been lost, only one was in the Atlantic. https://www.wunderground.com/hurricane/articles/lost-hurricane-hunters
    1
  13038. I have several episodes on early aviation. Oddly, arguments over the Wright brothers' patents stalled airplane development in the US.
    1
  13039. Gabriel McClelland it might well be a future episode.
    1
  13040.  @stephanottawa7890  there is a uniquely American way to hold a fork. The Forgotten History of the Fork https://youtu.be/Om7YKQelbGs
    1
  13041. Warspite was not damaged at Calabria. I have never heard a suggestion that Campioni was a British spy, but he was later executed by the Germans for refusing to collaborate after the Armistice of Cassibile. The idea that the Italians retreated is somewhat disputed, and was presented from Cunningham’s perspective. But there doesn’t seem to be any legitimate claim that Cunningham “ran away.” Clearly they attempted to maintain contact.
    1
  13042. Sadly, Heidi is no longer involved with the channel.
    1
  13043. I do not. I have Coast Guard officer and NCO covers, but not a flat hat.
    1
  13044. There are few bona fide photos of either of them.
    1
  13045. Thank you!
    1
  13046. That is unclear-
    1
  13047. The Department of Defense does
    1
  13048. In 1852 it was Cheshire. Administration changed with the Local Governments Act of 1972.
    1
  13049. That is an interesting and oft discussed counterfactual, and not one without reason. I think that the fear was more the cost of a building competition, but such an arms race certainly risks war. And Great Britain was originally allied with Japan. I think, though, that war between the US and Great Britain would have been extremely unlikely after the First World War.
    1
  13050. I disagree with your assessment
    1
  13051.  @hereholdthiswillya  with all due respect to Wikipedia, you are presenting as fact a relatively new revisionist version of history. While a legitimate point of historical debate, the claim that the bombs were unnecessary is extremely dubious. It is questionable whether the US was aware of the furtive efforts by the Japanese to reach out to the Soviets, or whether Truman had any reason to believe their sincerity. What is unquestionable is that the Japanese were preparing for a defense of the home Islands, and had certainly made no outreach to the United States. Allied invasion plans were clearly advancing, making it clear that the US did not see the war as being over, nor suspect that Japan was on the verge of surrender. The US estimate of the costs of the invasion to both the US military and the civilian population of Japan gave ample reason for the use of atomic weapons to avoid the invasion. Even after the weapons were used, and after the Soviets declared war, the Japanese Supreme Council for the Direction of the War refused surrender terms, and only accepted after the personal intervention of the emperor, and even then some officers attempted a coup d’etas to prevent surrender. It is a stretch to assert that Japan was planning to surrender, nor, even with the effects of CBO, that an invasion of the home islands would not still have resulted in a massive amount of allied and Japanese casualties. More controversial, and unsupported by evidence, is the claim that the bombs were dropped gratuitously, a claim with no primary source support. Moreover, the US actions after the surrender rebuilding Japan, with which the US has been strongly allied ever since, makes the “based on racism” claim appear hollow. And the US population certainly widely accepted the traditional argument that the US used the bombs to end the war. That is what Keeshan said specifically in his autobiography. As a Marine who was being trained for the upcoming invasion, he seems to have been convinced both that he was heading to war, and that the bombs are what made that sacrifice unnecessary. You bring up what is an interesting current debate, based on an unprovable counterfactual “what if” if the US had not used the bombs when they did. While I appreciate the discussion, (a good summary is at the link below) I certainly cannot track where every viewer stands on every question of history. You chose to take umbrage over a single line that is clearly not the topic of the video based on your adherence to a questionable historical position. If you choose to unsubscribe over such, that is certainly your prerogative. But, I respectfully disagree with your interpretation, I do not believe the evidence supports the theory. https://www.atomicheritage.org/history/debate-over-japanese-surrender
    1
  13052. Correct. I apologize for the error.
    1
  13053. Yes, The Horse Soldiers is not a movie about historical accuracy.
    1
  13054. Was that the 2019 engine failure on flight 1425?
    1
  13055. LOL. I did not start the channel wearing the bow ties. I just happened to wear one one episode and viewers responded. Now I'd get pilloried if I wore anything else.
    1
  13056. Kevin Barry she was writing about the 1874 plague, which hit her family’s farm in Western Minnesota.
    1
  13057. I have no idea what you mean- I don't hear any feedback at all. It honestly sounds like the issue is in your playback.
    1
  13058. Jack F I appreciate the sentiment. I have good equipment for a YT channel. I hear no hammers.
    1
  13059. Thank you!
    1
  13060. Dr Bonn's argument is not that we need to have serial killers, but that we need to be fascinated with aberrant behavior, as that allows us to feel normal by comparison.
    1
  13061. The choice was made by the sculptor, Gutzon Borglum. His explanation was that Roosevelt represented the nation’s conservation and economic growth.
    1
  13062. I only use pictures in the public domain, and , as there are often not pictures of the actual events available, I often use pictures of other events for illustration. That picture was only meant to illustrate the violence of the west.
    1
  13063. Thank you!
    1
  13064. Kenneth Kyle if the submarine was submerged, how would a lightning exercise confuse it? There were several comments on a blog regarding the exercise, but the Navy has never admitted to it.
    1
  13065. The purpose of the Navy of the Order of St John was ostensibly to fight the Barbary pirates and police the Mediterranean. In practice this meant raiding Ottoman shipping- that is, there was little practical line between the order and the pirates they were fighting.
    1
  13066. It is a picture of 1930s Chicago police with Tommy guns.
    1
  13067. Berry Tharp to he fair, there was historical context, and the goal was to avoid another war. But I think that very many at the time recognized that repatriation to Stalin was a death sentence.
    1
  13068. Giancarlo Paolini the Germans lost faith in airborne operations after Crete. The Italians didn’t trust their navy.
    1
  13069. Ed G Power yes, summer of 1943.
    1
  13070. There are two accepted pronunciations. I used the one in the video because poems published in newspapers at the time demonstrate that is how it was being pronounced.
    1
  13071. That is an led neon rainbow
    1
  13072. son son I spent a summer in Farmington with the Park Service.
    1
  13073. I have no idea. Those crazy Ancient Greeks.
    1
  13074. LOL
    1
  13075. I collect vintage and antique military dress caps.
    1
  13076. We've had some discussion of that. By the original estimate of what was on board, the Richard Montgomery had more ordinance. But by the 2000 estimate of the wreck, the Halifax explosion would be larger. I will do an episode on it some day.
    1
  13077. TRM M I am doing a series on my hat collection exclusive for Patrick on Patreon. Www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy.
    1
  13078. Truly THG is in a catch-22 on that. But The National Day calendar uses “National Weatherperson’s Day.” Although they say that “National Weather Forecaster’s Day” is also used.
    1
  13079. He captured ships in the high seas- that is the literal definition of pirate.
    1
  13080.  @kastandlee  The line between pirates, privateers and commerce raiders is paper thin. The German commerce raiders were regularly called “the Kaiser’s Pirates,” and it is difficult to take as “unfortunate and misleading” an episode that gives quite a full description of exactly the activities in which the Emden was engaged. But, to be fair, the crew were not charged with piracy, and I do not believe I implied that.
    1
  13081. Thank you!
    1
  13082. Staggered means not positioned in a regular way. BAE- the descendant of English Electric - describes it as a "stacked staggered arrangement." https://www.baesystems.com/en/heritage/english-electric-lightning
    1
  13083. Ryan Cargill it is a Type VIIC U-boat- U-96.
    1
  13084. But people made a lot of sacrifices during the war. Bacon grease made eating bacon patriotic.
    1
  13085. Thank you for the correction.
    1
  13086. I just worked fine for me- be interested if anyone else is having an issue. https://www.magellantv.com/video/kaisers-pirates-the-wolf
    1
  13087. Apple pie spice typically doesn’t use ginger and cloves.
    1
  13088. I have a German heritage. Wurst is the best.
    1
  13089. Thank you!
    1
  13090. Colloquially called the Mounties. Your point sir?
    1
  13091. Thank you for your service.
    1
  13092. /rude. It is entirely my hair. You only need to watch the show to see its length changes in the regular.
    1
  13093. No, I have not.
    1
  13094. It is an accepted term. I am making no political statement.
    1
  13095. History of Peru and Guano, HD version https://youtu.be/DKz_2Fhy9NM
    1
  13096. I have not told the story of HMS Amethyst, but Simon is included in this episode: https://youtu.be/E2383ElpU4U
    1
  13097. I honestly don't know, but it seem plausible he was.
    1
  13098. It is called Highway wildflowers.
    1
  13099. Found him on iStock…
    1
  13100. Dash Rendar embrace the ties! Actually, I didn’t start out the channel with the bow ties, although I have worn them for years. I wore one once and viewers liked it. I think it is quaint, sort of like the old school historians on old 50s documentaries.
    1
  13101. I did not include the incident because it was unrelated to the missile itself, but it was a tragic event.
    1
  13102. Or Royal Mail Ship or Royal Mail Steamship
    1
  13103. Thank you!
    1
  13104. sailorbychoice1 I honestly can’t say- we have hundreds of topics on our list. I do highly recommend Stephen Harding’s book on the subject “The Last Battle: When U.S. and German Soldiers Joined Forces in the Waning Hours of World War II in Europe.” It is a thrilling read.
    1
  13105. HMA no. 1 was allowed to rot, never repaired or reused. This had largely to do with Winston Churchill, who supported fixed wing aircraft and was unimpressed with rigid airships, becoming First Lord of the Admiralty.
    1
  13106. https://youtu.be/_dQzYdFY_w4
    1
  13107. I used the accepted American pronunciation.
    1
  13108. They are mostly from a NARA archive, but not exclusively from the Centralia mine.
    1
  13109. In eminenti apostolatus specula was issued in 1738, well into Hanoverian rule.
    1
  13110. https://youtu.be/ijeT1Nyz-v0
    1
  13111. I apologize for the error.
    1
  13112. I think the claim that the US withheld helium is overstated. As I talked about in the episode, there were some limits to helium. One was that the gas cells had to be left much less inflated in order to account for gas expansion, which then limited range. The bottom line is that the Hindenburg could not have been the successful trans-oceanic vehicle that it was on helium.
    1
  13113. Polls in the UK still show a tepid attitudes towards further metrication. Fuel is sold in liters, but road markers are shown in miles.
    1
  13114. I am sure there is a story there. He was married when they met and he bankrolled her. He divorced his wife, and they were married quickly after.
    1
  13115. The origin of the phrase is disputed, but it did not become common in the US until the twentieth century, and so is likely unrelated to the mammoth cheeses.
    1
  13116. They are turned on- sometimes they take a bit to auto-generate.
    1
  13117. MOVA globes. Biggest sale of the year: Get 15% off all MOVA Globes with code THG15 at https://bit.ly/TheHistoryGuyMOVAGlobes
    1
  13118. The keys were "false keys." the process uses a skeleton key and wax to create an imprint from the lock.
    1
  13119. Of course “Linda Lovelace” was a pseudonym. Her birth name was Linda Susan Boreman.
    1
  13120. Yes, that is improvised armor- adding extra armor to an already armored vehicle. There were numerous examples also in the Second World War.
    1
  13121. You are correct, my mistake.
    1
  13122. countteddy it was too damaged to repair. The cockpit was cut out and used in training.
    1
  13123. Jeremy Ardley I disagree. Many events are symbolically important, and still deserve to be remembered. This is somewhat similar to the US defense at Wake Island. It has meaning that they stood against odds.
    1
  13124. garbaer1952 www.Patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  13125. Given the comment, I could mention that you misspelled "veracity." Or did you mean to say that I am eating a lot? Rather, I will mention that "route" is properly pronounced both "root" and "rowt" in the USA. The pronunciation differs in the UK because you lost your dipthongs in the nineteenth century, which is not my fault.
    1
  13126. umvhu it is neither a “failure” nor new. Both pronunciations are perfectly correct to describe a path to a destination in the US, and have always been. Diphthongs remained in the US even as they faded in GB. As to current usage, a route is very commonly pronounced both ways in the US. While “route 66” is usually pronounced “root,” your internet comes via a router- pronounced almost always “rowter” not a “rooter.” My usage and pronunciation were correct. It is not a matter of “recognizing the difference.” Both pronunciations are accepted.
    1
  13127.  @goodun2974  I literally said “Don’t steal a tank and go on a rampage.” A wholly legal and safe activity seems a perfect alternative.
    1
  13128. Started on the 13th, peaked on the 15th.
    1
  13129.  @BillRicker  it was not Governor Thomas Chaddock, who did not engage in maritime trade. Despite the spelling of the tree being “Shaddock,”. Kumamoto surmises that the captain was likely a captain Philip Chaddock who was known yo have traded in the West Indies in the 17th century.
    1
  13130. Today, that is true, but not in the 1920s.
    1
  13131. https://www.delish.com/cooking/recipe-ideas/a23573586/pumpkin-pie-spice-recipe/
    1
  13132. b1bmsgt https://youtu.be/PKklyvxw8QU
    1
  13133. History is not always pretty. Yet it still deserves to be remembered.
    1
  13134. I do aim to be apolitical
    1
  13135. Sorry for the mistake.
    1
  13136. The award was intended to be simple- including the use of bronze. The Navy used a blue ribbon up to 1918.
    1
  13137. Nonetheless, they were commonly used to carry POWs on return trips to the United States after the allied victory in North Africa.
    1
  13138. There are many generic pics of 737s. I only had a couple of the TACA plane.
    1
  13139. Thank you!!
    1
  13140. I t was actually in 1946.
    1
  13141. I did not denigrate the M4. I literally quoted a soldier who drove one.
    1
  13142.  @tankertom3243  this is a video about a German weapon that terrified allied soldiers. I am not going to ignore the opinion of a man who literally faced the weapon. I honestly have no idea where you are coming from. I in no way suggested the threat was unique to the M4. In fact, all three examples in the episode were about other allies’ tanks. I don’t get the idea that I am, for some obtuse reason, not allowed to offer a disparaging word about your favorite tank. But I will take the word of the actual M4 tanker on the subject. I respect that viewers my see things differently than I. But I simply don’t care that you take umbrage to what a veteran wrote five decades ago.
    1
  13143.  @tankertom3243  I truly apologize that this video was not about what you seem to have wanted it to be about. But, this being YouTube, luckily you are allowed to make your own video about whatever you wish.
    1
  13144.  @tankertom3243 I did not “single out” the M4. In fact I talked about a number of vehicles. I made only one reference to the M4, at the end, entirely from a quotation by a veteran. I don’t care what you assert to be an expert about. The video is accurate, and the quotation relevant. Why you chose to get so upset about it is a complete mystery. I have no idea why you think I am disparaging the M4 over the B-17. As the video was about the 8.8 being used in an anti-tank role, it would have seemed less relevant to talk about an aircraft. I also had not cone upon a relevant quotation.
    1
  13145. I feel like this discussion has gotten rancorous, and that is not my intent. I did not intend to single-out the M4, and honestly do not feel that I did. The quotation is accurate and relevant, and displays the level of concern that troops had for the flak 8.8. As a history buff, I agree that the M4 is often unfairly maligned. This did not happen to be an episode trying to compare tanks, nor one specifically about the M4. I might talk more about the M4 in other episodes, but this is not a military technology channel, and it depends upon the stories I find.
    1
  13146. Bobby Paluga Farnsworth is, rightly, generally acknowledged as the inventor of electronic television, and eventually won the patent battles in the US. But there were many people working on electronic television at the time, including other patents in Europe. And, despite the patent determinations, Dworkin’s contributions were at least as important in creating a successful, marketable system. Philo Farnsworth was an amazing, often under appreciated inventor. But you’ll see him occasionally described as, essentially, inventing TV without the context of the large number of developments that came together at the time and the numerous scientists who contributed to the technology.
    1
  13147. History is history. I try to leave the “good” vs “bad” up to others.
    1
  13148. Others have mentioned that as well. The NTSB report doesn’t suggest as much, and the drop in altitude, as precipitous as it was, doesn’t come close in terms of FPS. I did not see anyone suggesting it in the research. The NTSB report does note that much of the flight recorder data is unreliable at the points where the drop in altitude was most pronounced.
    1
  13149. I did not come across that researching the episode. I will see what I can find.
    1
  13150. Edward Leffler it is not clear which horse Washington purportedly gave to John Bill Rickets, but it was possibly one of the two white horses used while he was president- a horse named “Jackson” or “Jack.” There is an old story claiming that horse was buried in Cumberland County New Jersey. But that is quite possibly nothing but a myth. More here: http://www.co.cumberland.nj.us/content/22596/23487/23497/24184.aspx Washington was known to have two primary mounts during the war, a chestnut named Nelson and a grey named Blueskin. Nelson died at Mount Vernon in 1790. Blueskin was gifted to his former ward, Elizabeth Dulaney née French, whose husband had initially given the horse to Washington. While Washington mentioned both horses in letters, and specifically mentioned Nelson’s death in 1790, neither was apparently buried in any sort of marked grave.
    1
  13151. To quote one of my favorite documents, "Governments are instituted among men, deriving their just power from the consent of the governed." We citizens can choose to make the statement true if we wish.
    1
  13152. carl jacobs I am not saying that we can change the past. I am saying that is it not inconceivable that we can control our future.
    1
  13153. The first two were shot down by allied anti-aircraft artillery. The second two were forced to land by french aircraft.
    1
  13154. I am doing a series on my hats exclusive for patrons on Patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  13155. Thank you!
    1
  13156. Frédéric Letellier The French word for sirloin is actually aloyau, and the French word for loins is lombes. Longe actually means "tether," and surlong, in this case, is referring to being above the chest, which is called the poitrine tendonou, or chest tendon. That is, that is not referring to "above the loins," but "above the tendon." That part of the beef is the short rib area, and not what either the British or Americans would call a sirloin.
    1
  13157. He did, because of an injury from his carriage accident.
    1
  13158. Darkest Africa refers to the parts of Africa where the jungle canopy is so thick that sun does not reach the ground, although it also implied areas that has not been explored by Europeans, and thus were “dark” on a map. It was a common term in Johnston’s time, and was not a reference to African peoples.
    1
  13159. I do not know. I have been trying to fix it all day.
    1
  13160. Thank you!
    1
  13161. I gave their actual designations and the nomenclature was exactly correct.
    1
  13162. Yes, I misspoke- it is Earnest King, not Earnest Young.
    1
  13163. https://youtu.be/tbKgFWUMgIc
    1
  13164. What is wrong with my thumbnails?
    1
  13165. I hope they replaced the furniture.
    1
  13166. A sad story worthy of an episode.
    1
  13167. We have done several: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhaqf9Nk_fkzRlQNrsB2iMb
    1
  13168. tryAGAIN 1987 no, we have not yet talked about the Falklands- we have several topic ideas, and think we’ll have one of more episodes out this year.
    1
  13169. I did an episode on the Civil Air Patrol as one of my videos exclusive to patrons on Patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  13170. There is an interesting argument, but I find it an unlikely and exotic explanation given the rather more mundane causes.
    1
  13171. yes
    1
  13172. Well, possibly less so as Germany was trying to keep us out of the war.
    1
  13173.  @lewis45acp  the troops engaged were largely Kansas troops.
    1
  13174. If Ford did that calculation, it has not been demonstrated. I am not defending Ford, but it is historical fact that the document that Mother Jones and 60 minutes claimed represented that calculation did no such thing, and was grossly misrepresented.
    1
  13175. Yes, the double meaning was intentional.
    1
  13176. Alex Thorpe that is how it is pronounced in Missouri.
    1
  13177. Lol
    1
  13178. Mine was acquired legally.
    1
  13179. Most definitions of bacon stipulate pork. Beef or turkey bacon are not the same food.
    1
  13180. JR Perrotta if I understand correctly, it is just a small bit on the spanner that allows it to clamp down and set a rivet.
    1
  13181. Christopher Caprio George Walters. http://www.submarinesailor.com/biography/GeorgeWalters/
    1
  13182. Other's have mentioned it, and I can't really hear the difference. I am not from Canada nor Georgia, but I did grow up in South Dakota, which has taken on some of the Canadian accent.
    1
  13183. If you want to email me at THG@TheHistoryGuy.net with your father’s name, I can research. However, I can say that is not the common or official explanation for the nickname “The Bloody 100th.” https://youtu.be/YxncrEvurpc
    1
  13184. I am all for that!
    1
  13185. Advertising pays for content. T'was always thus, and always thus will be.
    1
  13186. Michael Wiebers that is an even more difficult riddle. The final decline of the species was so rapid that some or ornithologists think it had to be disease- possibly passed on from domestic poultry.
    1
  13187. There were plenty of bomb blasts in New York previously. It was really the sheer number of bombs that he planted that was extraordinary.
    1
  13188. At least one family lost three sons.
    1
  13189. I use a program called Viddyoze.
    1
  13190. I don't know- I got the picture second hand.
    1
  13191. Much if this story is obscured by rumor. The reporting was hyperbolic, the police methods were rudimentary, and the records are almost all lost.
    1
  13192.  @navyreviewer  Wiccan or Satanic symbolism would have the star encased in a circle. The use of the five pointed star on the medal is almost certainly related to the stars on the US flag rather than other meaning. The most likely reason that it is inverted is simply because that allows the medal two points to affix to the bar that connects to the ribbon.
    1
  13193.  @navyreviewer  I respectfully disagree. Those are laurel leaves. The five pointed star is an ancient symbol, a simple shape, and a common motif in US national symbolism. The star on the decoration is not a pentagram- the lines do not intersect, nor a pentacle. The association of an inverted pentagram with satanism itself is relatively new- dating to the 1960s.
    1
  13194. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGiZ2p4wJSMiDT5OgwyXDmiQ https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGg7CHyA7KLcyiTjVmdWZS5j https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGihLlNlSNmPxZwjePAT2dfv https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjy_BjpJeShaLV7rLrAiFnr
    1
  13195. Thank you!
    1
  13196. George Tweed's extraordinary story is on our topic list. We can't guarantee when we will cover a particular topic- we have hundreds on our list and add new topics each day. We do plan to do this for a very long time.
    1
  13197. I'll be speaking at TANKFEST in September.
    1
  13198. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/pronunciation/english/maori
    1
  13199. A Freak in Each Sunroof to Keep You Suckas Trippin it is seriously not. https://youtu.be/xmbIiSMAtrI
    1
  13200. From their accounts, a rocking sea platform was not at all what people who signed up for the Air Force were expecting.
    1
  13201. You are correct, I stated the dates wrong. I apologize for the error.
    1
  13202. Thank you!
    1
  13203. Respectfully, you could also choose to make that list on any one of the hundreds of millions of places on the web dedicated to discussing current politics.
    1
  13204. 126 more than if they were not there.
    1
  13205. No (apparent) direct descendants. His son Samuel died without issue. His daughter Nancy had a daughter about whom little is known, but who also apparently died without issue.
    1
  13206. Thank you!
    1
  13207. Forbes Hutton we might do an episode on that event. Yes, that is a classic example of extemporized armor.
    1
  13208. Roy Nakazawa was the radio operator on the DC-7.
    1
  13209. https://youtu.be/MKs0VJbB0R4?si=2HVN28hhSO8JtwOs
    1
  13210. There are some accounts that claim that he had been drinking that day, but it isn't clear how much of that was speculation.
    1
  13211. Homer Willis many influenza deaths were attributed to other causes.
    1
  13212. I love it.
    1
  13213. Don't have one.
    1
  13214. You are correct- I am sorry, that correction used to be in a pinned comment, but it seems somehow to have become unpinned.
    1
  13215. “Absolutely” is a very strong word. For more than a century the story was thought to be folklore. There is no known contemporary account. A couple of researchers have put forward suggestions that the story might be based on a real person, but the evidence is circumstantial, and details questionable. The song certainly represents work conditions and makes an important point, but it is a song. We absolutely do not know of a real John Henry as we do the historical Johnny Appleseed.
    1
  13216. Armed yachts were common, and used in both wars.
    1
  13217. Those were ships of the SC-1 class. They were 110 feet long, and the clear precursors to the SC-497 class. Yes, they supported the Otranto Barrage in the Adriatic. One ship of the class was credited with sinking a submarine in WWII- but it was a Russian submarine sunk by an SC-1 class subchaser that had been sold to the Bulgarian Navy in the 1920s.
    1
  13218. Kenneth Reeves told in this episode: https://youtu.be/vZQusa-MbtY
    1
  13219. Possibly- it is certainly interesting and largely forgotten. Thanks!
    1
  13220. Punning in French- impressive.
    1
  13221.  @bwanadave76  nothing is speeded up.
    1
  13222. While there was hunting of pigeons, there is no indication that the first peoples had any significant effect on pigeon numbers. Rather, their hunting seemed designed to preserve the pigeon numbers. There is some evidence that native Americans favored the oak, and used some measures to increase the oak percentage in the forests, as the mast was a food source. But this would not likely have greatly increased pigeon numbers, as the natives then also competed for the food source. While one study suggested that the pigeon population fluctuated with the food supply, the evidence seems to indicated that the pigeon population was largely stable for thousands of years before European colonization. The best evidence is that the 500 kilometer flocks were around for tens of thousands of years. Fossil evidence of the prevalence of the species goes back at least 100,000 years, and suggests their range once extended to the west coast.
    1
  13223. roger komula I am simply saying that the scientific evidence suggests the passenger pigeon population was stable prior to Columbus.
    1
  13224. Yes
    1
  13225. Of course we aren't expecting anyone to purchase anything you can"t afford. I agree that pay networks have proliferated of late.
    1
  13226. O O his daughters did not have titles. Both lived in New York. Lolita died in 1974 and Jacqueline died in 2009.
    1
  13227. Correct, not part of Chrome Dome. That was a bomb being taken to Los Alamos for maintenance. https://youtu.be/p0gRHgwSGhE
    1
  13228. Thank you for your service.
    1
  13229. Photos in the History guy are in the Public Domain and are generally used for illustration, as photos of actual events are often not available. To my knowledge, there is one photo of a British troop train and one accident photo of an accident that occurred in Paris in the episode.
    1
  13230. https://youtu.be/VcPuo6auA5o
    1
  13231. Deep- the Philippine sea is a basin with a general depth of 6000 meters- more than half again deeper than Titanic. And potentially much deeper depending upon how close the crash was to the Philippines. This would be a very difficult wreck to find.
    1
  13232. I do- you can post one here. I get numerous suggestions- the list is very long, and I can't guarantee that every one will be an episode, but I do take them seriously.
    1
  13233. Thank you!
    1
  13234. No. The claim is that William Knight was Al Capone’s son. https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748704229004575371331552839898
    1
  13235. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjQ5j-OTH5VC2xlK8dYv3Nj
    1
  13236. Thank you!
    1
  13237. Nope- it is the actual term for a disease that is temporarily widespread among animal populations.
    1
  13238. Duke Craig lol that is interesting. It is not a word you hear very often, but is the animal version of an epidemic.
    1
  13239. Duke Craig I can see how you got that. But the only time I spent there was a few months with the Park Service. It is lovely country. I never heard anyone say epizootic, but I did have to get used to “youn’s.”
    1
  13240. Rodney Graves the casualty rate for both USAAF combat personnel and the submarine service were both very high, and hard to divine, in that their casualties get rolled up into larger categories. However, by rough numbers bomber crews had casualty rates on the order of 40%, around twice that of the submarine service.
    1
  13241. It was defined, officially, as "A Light Attack Multirole Carrierborne Figher Aircraft."
    1
  13242. It was replaced with a wooden truss, service was restored within two weeks. The wooden truss burned in 1895 and was replace with another truss. Finally the entire bridge was replaced by a stone arch bridge in 1904 which is still in use today.
    1
  13243.  @steveblomefield9513  First, it is a good product, I am sincerely a fan. And I appreciate my sponsors. Winston Churchill series on Britain has not offered to sponsor an episode.
    1
  13244. Peter Anderson oops! Sorry! It also took me a while to figure out that the British pronounce shire as “sure.” At least this time I had the map pointing in the correct direction, as I was a few hundred miles off on the first version. I promise to keep this in mind if the channel ever again leads me to Mel-burn.
    1
  13245. Yes, definitely on the list
    1
  13246. Respectfully, you are incorrect.
    1
  13247.  @allendyer5359  no- it has no squadron markings. It is a vintage wooden model acquired second hand, much like the Mustang.
    1
  13248. And thank you for your support of the channel!
    1
  13249. It wasn’t anything I did…
    1
  13250. Yes, water was filtered. Apparently, some of the companies filtered better than others.
    1
  13251. Thank you!
    1
  13252. Thank you!
    1
  13253. I found no mention of any investigation in the research.
    1
  13254. That is true.
    1
  13255. Matt from Florida A pilot with monocular vision is still allowed by the FAA with a special issuance medical waiver.
    1
  13256. Texians was the named used for the rebels during the Texas Revolution.
    1
  13257. Red River campaign: https://youtu.be/t09m0OS6S-I More about Fox Talbot and the Missouri Government in Exile : https://youtu.be/NaYEqTeMcK0
    1
  13258. Thank you!
    1
  13259. Yes, there is a good story there, and I hope to do an episode one day.
    1
  13260. I included the picture as that missile was part of the Hermes project- it is the Hermes A-1. You are correct that it was a test bed for s surface to air missile and about half the size of a V-2.
    1
  13261. The Confederate congress authorized a medal for battlefield conduct, but due to a metal shortage, no medals were produced. Instead they kept a “roll of honor”
    1
  13262. Happy Birthday!
    1
  13263. I do briefly mention rover in the episode, as , as one of the locations where rover was sent looking for trees was named Laika.
    1
  13264. That’s fantastic! Thank you for keeping this History alive.
    1
  13265. That is a good story.
    1
  13266. More about the Fu-Go balloons in this episode: https://youtu.be/tWx6gufENSs
    1
  13267. It was not entrapment under the law, no. Several suspects argued that it was, but with one exception the the courts ruled otherwise. It is hard to see how anyone was being enticed to do anything they otherwise would not have done. The one exception is instructive- in that case an undercover officer feigned a headache in order to get a suspect to offer him prescription drugs. Using sympathy to elicit the crime was entrapment.
    1
  13268. I think the Americans would have had the as advantage. That would have been an interesting thing to test. Actually, the Iowa class was more of a battlecruiser design, sacrificing armor for speed. Yamato would have had significant advantages in range, firepower, and armor. The real question would have been the American advantage in fire control. But the assumption that American battleships were more powerful than the Yamato class works from the same assumptions the British were making when Hood encountered Bismarck. It is to the American advantage that the war in the pacific ended up being an air war as opposed to a clash of battleships.
    1
  13269. While that is a subject of discussion, the most current thinking, represented by historian Robert Napier in 2015, is that the incident did occur, and that there is both photographic evidence of the 88s and that the account matches losses by the 2nd Fife and Forfar Yeomanry in Operation Goodwood.
    1
  13270.  @julianmarsh1378  there are other parts of his book that have also been questioned. It is a fair objection. There have been several who questioned the story of the 88s, but I am reasonably confident of the part included in the episode. But we only have Von Luck’s word on the part about threatening the battery officer with a pistol.
    1
  13271. Lorraine Daliessio Google ads doesn’t read minds. It likely just determined, possibly just from demographics, that you were more likely to watch a political ad. I suspect that campaign ads are a significant percentage of what has been sold this month. We get only a small degree of control. For example, we limit the number of midroll ads that can be placed per video. The add can be annoying, but they are what pays the bills. Personally, I choose to subscribe to YouTube premium, which eliminates that Google ads entirely. But yes, you can share the video and that particular ad won’t share with it.
    1
  13272. colin Paterson it refers to a part of the state’s geography that sticks out like the handle on a pan.
    1
  13273. colin Paterson the actual geographical term is a “salient.” In Europe, Austria, for example, has a panhandle. The definition is somewhat vague, but at least ten US states are said to have panhandles.
    1
  13274. Well, the Pig War was never an actual war. But certainly, yes, there was a series of events that threatened war, all over a pig.
    1
  13275. We often express weight in US tons.
    1
  13276. https://youtu.be/H0lOq5pGzcw
    1
  13277. so much history was lost with colonization.
    1
  13278. That one is Pookie.
    1
  13279. Robert F O'Meara this was an episode on Task Force 34, not an attempt to cover then entire complex battle in 15 minutes.
    1
  13280. Correct, my mistake.
    1
  13281. No- the Sarajevo Black Hand was started by Serbian Army officers.
    1
  13282. You mean lady Jane Grey?
    1
  13283. Agreed. The episode was not about the entire development of the DC series. I just wanted to provide enough background to show what the DC-7 was and why a new one was being tested at that time.
    1
  13284. The defense of Wake was a remarkable stand, worthy of note. https://youtu.be/kbxrqQFetvI
    1
  13285.  @WALTERBROADDUS  Johnston is as well.
    1
  13286. I disagree. The patent dispute was significant, as was the NACA brokering a patent pool. But the Wrights never enjoined manufacturing, and the government negligence and ambivalence at a time while other governments were investing robustly in aviation was not related to patents. Congress did not neglect Army requests for support for the aviation branch because of patents.
    1
  13287. LOL I did not make the distinction. "Officers and men" is A Navy term. I leave the interpretation of why up to others...
    1
  13288.  @Noneofyourbusiness2000  your answer suggests that sanctions occur in a vacuum. Of course they do not.
    1
  13289. TJ Marx certainly in the US they are not nearly as well known as the Salem witch trials.
    1
  13290. Wes Johnston what an interesting story- yes I think it may well be a future episode. Thanks!
    1
  13291. https://youtu.be/E2383ElpU4U
    1
  13292. https://youtu.be/Nkzkcia-7lc
    1
  13293. I think you are correct. A few survivors swam across the bay to Iwahig Penal Colony, but it is on Palawan Island.
    1
  13294. It was, but, like most movies dealing with historical events, the filmmakers did not feel constrained by the facts.
    1
  13295. Three have been produced: The Adventures of Lieutenant Petrosino (1912); Pay or Die (1960), starring Ernest Borgnine; and The Black Hand (1973), starring Lionel Stander. Paramount has announced that another is in production starring Leonardo DiCaprio.
    1
  13296. I use a simple program called Viddyoze for those. Agreed that this one was strikingly colorful…
    1
  13297. There is, I am told, a product glut. There are also issues with tariffs in both Europe and China.
    1
  13298. Which one?
    1
  13299. Domoic.
    1
  13300. They actually ended up getting contracted for more gliders.
    1
  13301. I might do an episode on the Chaco war- it is unique and interesting for a number of reasons.
    1
  13302. There is a real story there. I likely will have an episode on it at some point.
    1
  13303. HAARP is about communications. - radio waves. Harp operates in the ionosphere- well above terrestrial weather.
    1
  13304. Well, there was that part where he shot a police officer for merely knocking...
    1
  13305. I got it on eBay.
    1
  13306. https://youtu.be/urYvBb7_OBM
    1
  13307. I did yes.
    1
  13308. LOL, that is a toy Star Trek phaser.
    1
  13309. Jimmy Kimmel live I don’t think so- it is a famous picture. He just looks so different because he has his uniform from the 170th.
    1
  13310. Thank you!
    1
  13311. Donald Palmrose the information I provided was quoted directly from the 1988 congressional testimony from Robert Batzel, the then director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. But he was careful how he worded it. The direct quotation is “You are talking about something that in one respect could be probably worse than Chernobyl.” When asked to clarify he said “Yes, because you have plutonium in the soil and on the soil, which you have to clean up. I wouldn’t want either one.”
    1
  13312. I don’t pretend otherwise
    1
  13313. Mel Clifford I make them on a program called Viddyoze
    1
  13314. Thank you for your service!
    1
  13315. Yes, I believe that is how it was described.
    1
  13316. vcv6560 to be honest, that cat is not usually cooperative...
    1
  13317.  @honodle7219  the court ruled based on the common usage of the term with regards to a tax. They weren’t interested in botanical details.
    1
  13318. ?? it is pictures of bullets used for ballistic analysis.
    1
  13319. I used to have a channel introduction, but I recently dropped it based on viewer feedback.
    1
  13320. Thank you too!
    1
  13321. He did. i left it out because neither he nor the FAA indicated it affected the event.
    1
  13322. Reportedly a project in in the works. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4703374/
    1
  13323. The episode covered the trial, not the myriad of theories.
    1
  13324. https://www.california-demographics.com/cities_by_population
    1
  13325. Actually both were derived from a previous prototype
    1
  13326.  @NOLL72  respectfully, order doesn’t make a difference. Both the KC-135 and the 707 were derived from the Dash 80.
    1
  13327. Good topics all!
    1
  13328. Just a bowtie with a matching pocket square
    1
  13329. Thank you!
    1
  13330. Lol.
    1
  13331. That is a photo of damage to the carrier USS Enterprise taken by a Kamikaze hit on May 14. The ship's forward elevator was blown approximately 400 feet (120 m) into the air from the force of the explosion six decks below. The arrow, drawn on an official US Navy photo, points to the elevator.
    1
  13332. I might, but it is relatively far better known than Black Tom.
    1
  13333. I believe that was a reference to the Augusta and Savannah Railroad line.
    1
  13334. Which?
    1
  13335. Yes, there are a few references that suggest that Americans, once they embraced the tradition, tended to prefer larger trees.
    1
  13336. The argument being made- not by me but by a curator at The Smithsonian- is that the Air Force knew exactly what it was, and told the public “flying saucer” rather than admit to Project Mogul.
    1
  13337. The History Guy, P.O. Box 1473, O'Fallon, Il, 62269.
    1
  13338. Become a channel member.
    1
  13339. Mike Miller I do, and I intend no political statement except to point out that we have survived more partisan times in our nation’s history.
    1
  13340. I plan to yes. Another survivor...
    1
  13341. It was. Good eye!
    1
  13342. Very true. But some 71% of GA accidents involve pilot error.
    1
  13343. Kind of the opposite- they decided to start ramming into ships because they did not have time to train pilots. The key was that the US had a reserve program called the NavCad program. That provided both a significant pool to draw upon as well as a system to upscale training. Japan did not- essentially, they were trying to qualify pilots the same way they had before the war. They simply could not train pilots fast enough to replace their losses. Also, an A6M Zero is a far better plane than a Wildcat, but compares poorly to a Hellcat. Japan had fewer resources available to test new designs. Then, of course, there was the proximity fuse...
    1
  13344. StangQuest94 thank you!
    1
  13345. The Dogger bank incident certainly deserves to be remembered, and I will research the other stories. It was an epic cruise that then theft the fleet in no condition for battle, and I may get back there and do another episode or two surrounding those events.
    1
  13346. We love him too.
    1
  13347. Yes, they destroyed the express car.
    1
  13348. I had never heard that. Thanks!
    1
  13349. llama0wn3d yes, and we may do an episode on improvised armor, which is different than extemporized armor.
    1
  13350. Bennett Meyers was later convicted of many crimes of financial impropriety.
    1
  13351. I have not yet- those stores where most everyone dies are a lot more difficult to write.
    1
  13352. All I ask for is sharks with laser beams attached to their heads
    1
  13353. Our cat Pookie has appeared in several episodes of THG. He passed away last month. The picture was done by Crown & Paw, and is a memorial to a beloved pet we had for nineteen years.
    1
  13354. Michael Dougfir thank you!
    1
  13355. 1943 Bombing Raid on Boise City, Oklahoma https://youtu.be/atquoUlQxiY. Pronunciation is based on the way it is pronounced locally.
    1
  13356. Yes, Randolph Scott played Carlson in the film Gung Ho! The film is in the public domain, and I used several shots throughout the video.
    1
  13357. Glad you enjoyed it!
    1
  13358. I imagine we have. But the term is actually plural, and thus simultaneously applies to both.
    1
  13359. Sorry, but I have no idea how you come to the bizarre conclusion that I have some bias against French Canadians. Léo Major is undoubtedly a war hero of which his nation can take pride. This is a compilation of three episodes about Canadian military exploits, none of which happened to feature Sgt Major. I see no reason to be ashamed for telling these stories.
    1
  13360. They were flying over the typhoon.
    1
  13361. Thank you! And thanks everyone for watching the ads!
    1
  13362. It is pronounced "Cove." https://www.pronouncenames.com/pronounce/cobh
    1
  13363. LOL
    1
  13364. https://youtu.be/LL9KvJFNH0s
    1
  13365. Sorry to have wasted one minute of your time to show my new website.
    1
  13366. Thank you!
    1
  13367. That requires the cooperation of a cat.
    1
  13368. They were not actually cannibals. But the North Sentinelese will still kill strangers who come to their island. But that is not all that different than Great Britain- the 24th also defended their island. The Onge did not hunt and kill people for food, they merely protected the island that was their home. How is that uncivilized?
    1
  13369. saint chuck I think the Onge had every right to stand their ground and defend their home.
    1
  13370. Early tanks often had a large caliber weapon along with machine guns, The roles were seen as both anti-infantry and anti-hard points. Different tanks had different roles envisioned.
    1
  13371. Not that I know of…
    1
  13372. Not entirely. https://youtu.be/XCgdU2oHt_0 https://youtu.be/84yGPsehrkc
    1
  13373. "To make a cockerel a capon, he explains, a caponizer must restrain the 3 to 6 week old bird by tying weights to its wings and feet to prevent movement and expose the rib cage. Then the caponizer cuts between the lowest two ribs of the bird and spreads them apart with a special tool to open up access to the body cavity. Last, the caponizer searches for the testes, each about the size of a grain of rice, and rips them free of their connective tissue with a small slotted spoon ”“ or, in some cases, a tool made out of a loop of horse hair." https://modernfarmer.com/2014/04/capons-unfairly-forgotten-piece-agriculture-somewhat-disturbing-luxury/#:~:text=To%20make%20a%20cockerel%20a,access%20to%20the%20body%20cavity.
    1
  13374. Glad you enjoyed it
    1
  13375. That is the term that I use throughout.
    1
  13376. I mention Dreadnought and her sinking the submarine in this episode: https://youtu.be/FM2qnzrLZFw
    1
  13377. I eagerly await their call.
    1
  13378. Actually not the most recent we have done. But it is in the past, so it is history.
    1
  13379. The point, though, is that it was price coordination in a way that would be prevented by anti-trust law today. They likely would have made more money through normal competition, which would have increased overall business.
    1
  13380.  @johnsaucedo1131  https://youtu.be/yIrSBmG46n8
    1
  13381. We will eventually have an episode out on Lexington.
    1
  13382. It isn’t actually clear what he thought of the monarchy. His reasoning seemed to be more practical than philosophical.
    1
  13383. It is a fair point that when passant the cat is usually referred to as a leopard. But they are today officially heraldically described as “lions” rather than leopards. Yes, Big Ben is the largest bell. But the tower is the Elizabeth tower, named in 2012 for the Queen’s Diamond Jubilee. But it was never officially St Stephen’s tower. While the name was colloquially used, prior to 2012 the tower had no official name. St Stephen’s tower is actually the smaller tower over the main public entrance into St Stephen’s hall.
    1
  13384. It is not a replica
    1
  13385. I may do an episode on Rocky Flats, yes. My degree is from CU, i was there in the days when there was a perpetual protest outside Rocky Flats.
    1
  13386. badad0166 you need to understand that there is no one behind the camera- we don’t have a crew.
    1
  13387. I was a bit under the weather over the weekend.
    1
  13388. I am sorry, I don't control the ads. I have to say, though, revenue always goes up during election season.
    1
  13389. The Mont-Blanc was actually a French ship built as a tramp-steamer, not specifically as an ammunition ship. The rather ironic custom for US Ammunition ships is to name them after volcanoes.
    1
  13390. Thank you for your service!
    1
  13391. You are correct- the picture of Charles Carroll is often misattributed to Mulligan, for whom there is no known period painting.
    1
  13392. Historians are divided on the subject.
    1
  13393. I made no mistake- the Cherokee were more comfortable hunting bison.
    1
  13394. That is fair. it is only a BA. I have been thinking on changing the intro.
    1
  13395. That is a Yugoslavian postage stamp. It says on the stamp it is Titanic.
    1
  13396. Sophie Lynne my favorite movie star! She is just as beautiful in person. Yes, we might have an episode on 131 reasonably soon.
    1
  13397. "Miracle Landing" with Wayne Rogers and Connie Sellecca.
    1
  13398. Huh?
    1
  13399. Phillips is the most popular world wide by a wide margin.
    1
  13400. https://youtu.be/lzyGIuQJpVM
    1
  13401. Not a lot of Sooty Shearwater pics in the Public Domain.
    1
  13402. J Hill my mistake. Sorry!
    1
  13403. From German occupation.
    1
  13404. Thank you!
    1
  13405. It is actually Wilmer McClaen. I am sorry for the mistake.
    1
  13406. Actually, the common celebration of the new century occurs on the 00, not the 01 (don't you recall 2000?) and that is included in the standard definition. "In practice and in popular perception, however, the new century is held to begin when the significant digits in the date change, e.g. on 1 January 2000, when 1999 became 2000." https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/century
    1
  13407. Thank you for the link! that was very interesting. There is some disagreement as to how close they were. RTL frequently said they were not, but there do appear to be instances where he might have been privy to his father's thoughts. I used a brief quotation int the episode, this is the full quotation: “During my childhood and early youth he was almost constantly away from home, attending courts or making political speeches. In 1859 when I was sixteen and when he was beginning to devote himself more to practice in his own neighborhood, and when I would have both the inclination and the means of gratifying my desire to become better acquainted with the history of his struggles, I went to New Hampshire to school and afterward to Harvard College, and he became President. Henceforth any great intimacy between us became impossible. I scarcely even had ten minutes quiet talk with him during his Presidency, on account of his constant devotion to business.”
    1
  13408. There was a High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire and the Royal Forests. Whether the character of the legend was based on the actual historical person is unknown.
    1
  13409. I am sorry for your loss.
    1
  13410.  @RickMason-yj7pv  yes, a tragedy about which we know very little.
    1
  13411. They are firing a captured 88, albeit the later model Flak 41.
    1
  13412. The people of Kiribati pronounce it Tar-awa. The pronunciation used in the episode is correct.
    1
  13413. They are not generally in the Public Domain- I only use photos that are not under copyright. But you can do a web search for "narco tank" and find plenty of pictures.
    1
  13414. I did not. My wife's uncle built the U-boat.
    1
  13415. At least you’re learning now!
    1
  13416. I am not apologizing for anyone, nor taking sides. I am describing a battle.
    1
  13417. Phil - you can email to suggestions@thehistoryguy.net
    1
  13418. While there is no physical evidence for proof, the anecdotal evidence from the time overwhelmingly supports the claim that Ivan Ivanovoch died as the result of blows inflicted by his father.
    1
  13419. I meant no disrespect. I apologize.
    1
  13420. Weather is notoriously extreme at Thule.
    1
  13421. In general, yes.
    1
  13422. You probably mean Smedley Butler. While Chesty Puller did fight in the Banana wars, he wasn't well known until the Second World War. Smedley Butler famously took a stand.
    1
  13423. The map is a map of borders that changed after the end of the Cold War, not a map of the Soviet Union.
    1
  13424. Yes, great story. I've done a couple of episodes on U-boat duels.
    1
  13425. Happy New Year!
    1
  13426. “Silk hat” was the most common term used. Even felt hats were usually finished with silk for the shine. Lincoln’s hat was of that type- felt with a silk finish.
    1
  13427. The sponsor sent a new code that should correct the problem: Please use the link http://bit.ly/2F3ihHf and the code PLAYLANGLEY2019.
    1
  13428. The song is called "Highway Wildflowers" by Bird Creek. It is from the YouTube royalty free library.
    1
  13429. This guy? https://youtu.be/F-suOpy3rQU
    1
  13430. I fear you may be correct- there are conflicting stories online, but the TFN seems to have been disconnected. :(
    1
  13431. The Australian Army seems sure that my description is correct; https://www.army.gov.au/our-history/traditions/the-slouch-hat
    1
  13432. By at least some accounts the crew killed by infantry after abandoning the tank.
    1
  13433. duradim1 it is hard to say that I am portraying them as victims by talking about St Clair’s defeat. Certainly the expansion was also a conquest. Yes, the sanitized version left that out. In the episode I say the Native Americans were a barrier to expansion. They were. The “chose the wrong side” is an odd spin. They lived there. But yes, they ultimately lost in the conflict. The Indian wars were, like any war, two sided. Both sides though they were right. Both sides did awful things. One side won. That is History.
    1
  13434. https://youtu.be/7vyjF6ro2Jo
    1
  13435. “Rigid airship” distinguishes dirigibles from blimps, not balloons.
    1
  13436. Tasmania and South South America. They have two different breeding grounds.
    1
  13437. https://youtu.be/yseldOMcT4Q?si=2Ago0aF04HUaRwSD
    1
  13438. It would be packed with wet straw.
    1
  13439. https://youtu.be/3JKBKXIMGNE
    1
  13440. I am not sure which you mean. there was a Navy corpsman who received the award in Korea- that was certainly a harrowing tale, but what is the second? There was a sailor in the Spanish American War, but his name was spelled Charrette.
    1
  13441. I hear she’s almost ready to be moved to her new permanent dock in Galveston.
    1
  13442. You did. The U-boat rolled over as it ran under the Buckley, and two torpedo-men found themselves looking straight down the hatch. They were certainly thinking quickly to throw grenades.
    1
  13443. In brief, yes, but that actually would not have been all that uncommon for a Harvard collegian. Captain on a general's staff would not have been all that uncommon for one of his peers during the war. There were, in fact, many colonels and generals who had no military experience. It was, however, pull from Lincoln that put him on Grant's staff, as Abraham had promised Mary that he would keep him safe. No, most normal enlistees would not have benefited from such protection.
    1
  13444. Yes, a type VIIC.
    1
  13445. How is it misleading? It is literally exactly accurate. Quotation marks would be grammatically incorrect.
    1
  13446. j m in 1852 it was in Cheshire. The administration of the city changed with the Local Governments Act of 1972.
    1
  13447. I do plan to do more- there are quite a few topics on my list. https://youtu.be/DKz_2Fhy9NM https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGihLlNlSNmPxZwjePAT2dfv
    1
  13448. There was a report that someone had seen a parachute open. But searches in the area where it was supposedly seen found nothing, and all the parachutes were still an board when it landed, so the Navy deemed the report not credible.
    1
  13449. The farther you go back in history, the more that will occur.
    1
  13450. A lovely example of Victorian architecture.
    1
  13451. One of the stills is of an English troop train. The photo of the accident where the locomotive had fallen out the side of a building was an accident in Paris. In general, photos on The History Guy are in the Public Domain and used or illustration, as photos of the exact events are not always available. However, the last several photos of this episode, where I talk about the accident outside Hammond, are photos of the 1918 wreck, although most were taken hours after.
    1
  13452. Thank you!
    1
  13453. Darn it, it should have! KILL THE WABBIT!
    1
  13454. I have been several times, and have done some episodes that relate to planes in the collection.
    1
  13455. I don’t know why they’d lie about the WWII raft guy.
    1
  13456. It was a launch site for Pershing missiles. The Air Force has not admitted to any underground facility.
    1
  13457. He had grandchildren, but all died without issue.
    1
  13458. That if one of the theories about the Great Plague of Athens.
    1
  13459. Matt Peacock Teespring doesn’t offer a bowtie option. While we could likely source one, it seems unlikely there would be sufficient demand. For the last several months my ties have been provided by The Tie Bar. I am not paid to promote them, but I can say that I appreciate their quality and selection if you are seeking bow ties.
    1
  13460. El Pie Grande my mistake- Mason City was the location of the charter company. Thanks!
    1
  13461. Thank you for your service!
    1
  13462. Thank you for your service!
    1
  13463. Yes, I am sorry. the picture was mislabeled at the source.
    1
  13464. Yes, tragic story and part of the Bermuda Triangle myth. Maybe, although not a lot to go on.
    1
  13465. LOL sorry- I have little control over what Google throws up for ads.
    1
  13466. Honestly we all just take topics that interest us at the moment- there is no agenda, we just have fun.
    1
  13467. There are multiple causes of contamination at SSFL. As I said, the extent of the contamination from the partial meltdown at the SRE is a matter of dispute.
    1
  13468. Sorry- which treaty?
    1
  13469. Mentioned in this episode: https://youtu.be/kzvuJtqUGiY
    1
  13470. There are many more stories to tell.
    1
  13471. Patrick Marquez neither do I. :)
    1
  13472. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGgpfXlgrorLL34FopPnWdLj
    1
  13473. That is a fair point, and to clarify, Goebel is the only sitting state (as opposed to territorial) governor to have been assassinated. Bent's is an interesting story that I certianly hope to cover at some point.
    1
  13474. james riggs reportedly Geiger counters still register radioactivity at their graves.
    1
  13475. Khy Chapman So. Do. We. :)
    1
  13476. The Dr is not saying we need serial killers, but that we need to observe bad people so that we can feel better about ourselves. He is not being, like, pro-serial killer.
    1
  13477. Richreap I don’t think the idea is new at all. Executions used to be public. Society seems to have always needed villains.
    1
  13478. The coelacanth has changed, as mentioned at the end of the video. But, if an organism is well adapted to its environment, and that environment does not change, Darwin’s theory of natural selection does not preclude it continuing in that environment. Perhaps the species is still well adapted to its niche in the deep sea.
    1
  13479. Norman Boyes none that I can find- there was another Black pilot in the Turkish Air Force.
    1
  13480. Norman Boyes thank you! That is an interesting story. It is amazing that he went so long without notice. But he was not, apparently, a fighter pilot.
    1
  13481. Norman Boyes certainly I am not denigrating his contribution.
    1
  13482. History is history
    1
  13483. I will research and see what i can find.
    1
  13484. Wow! That was not easy to see. Both Ms History Guy and I love that book.
    1
  13485. Some of the pictures were from Cape Cod. It must have been something to see when the berries were picked by hand.
    1
  13486. I think you are reading into this.
    1
  13487. Taking Hawaii and the Philippines wasn't imperialism?
    1
  13488. That is true that blood within the circulatory system will not, alt least, boil away. Exposed fluid such as saliva and tears will. The general consensus is that a person might survive above the Armstrong limit in an unpressurized environment for maybe as long as half a minute without permanent damage.
    1
  13489.  @Andrewza1  If you get the chance, we'd still appreciate them. We may well update the episode at some point,.
    1
  13490. The Habsburgs. Charles V had claim in Italy through the crown of Aragon.
    1
  13491. Apparently not- etymology online says that “nick” comes from Middle English “nyck,” which means to notch.
    1
  13492. 80cardcolumn there is a reason I said “might have.” There is significant disagreement over how Archimedes’ death ray worked, or wether there is any truth to the story.
    1
  13493. There were more Kiwis in the battle than Aussies. I hope to tell many of those stories as well.
    1
  13494. I left out the story of Dr Snow and the Broad Street Pump because, frankly, few people believed his findings.
    1
  13495. The SSFL continued operations until 2006. I don't know the date that photo was taken.
    1
  13496. There are no known photos of the gauge change. The photos are all public domain photos from the age of steam rail.
    1
  13497. A simple observation from a historian- every nation stole and murdered its way into nationhood.
    1
  13498. Thank you for being a supporter!
    1
  13499. That is fact.
    1
  13500. Cheese was being made in America since the seventeenth century, but didn’t industrialize until the 19th century. It was mostly a local product in colonial America. So I doubt they had wheels large enough to run over the mayor.
    1
  13501. Yes- a gift from a viewer.
    1
  13502. Yes- it shows on the chart, but no full percentage. The Wiccocomico would be eleven generations back.
    1
  13503. Yes, one of my first videos, when I hadn’t settled on the bow ties yet.
    1
  13504. I am sorry- we get so many topic suggestions that I lose track of where they came from. I should have given you credit in the intro. Thank you!
    1
  13505. Some was, yes.
    1
  13506. Where on earth did I lie? And the Bengal famine was, like the Great Famine, largely a man-made disaster, not a result of overpopulation. Why would you have sympathy for one and not the other? Oddly, I have been attacked for being too kind to the British in this episode. To be clear, I had no agenda talking to either event. I don't have a wing, and if I did I don't see why it would it would treat one famine more sympathetically than another. Please don't impress your political biases on my videos.
    1
  13507. Dennis Dempsey I have only made brief mention of the Great Famine in other videos. No, I have done no in depth discussion. And yes, the proximate cause was the potato blight- that is fact. Yes, I readily admit that I went into more detail on the famine in Bengal in an episode on the famine in Bengal than I did on the Great Famine in an episode on a domestic killing fifty years after the famine. I say to you, I have never intended any agenda where I have mentioned the Great Famine, nor have I attempted to assign or discount blame. I do, in fact, realize that the Bengal famine occurred during war, and talk to that in great depth. Part of the point is that this terrible event is largely forgotten because it occurred during war. Still, the famine was preventable, and clearly at least exacerbated by government failures that could have been avoided even in the context of the war. I strove for a balanced presentation, and have received much criticism from some who think I should be much harsher in blaming both Britain and Churchill. That I get such criticism from both sides seems to indicate that I was, at least, not operating from a partisan agenda. Kindly stop accusing me of one. If you want a more thorough video on the causes and blame for the Great Famine, there is plenty available on YouTube. And, of course, you are welcome to upload your own.
    1
  13508. Thank you!
    1
  13509. I think that you are incorrect in claiming that most Americans opposed the the 1940 Selective Service Act. The Act in 1940 was described as defensive only. The public generally assumed that the men drafted would only be called to fight should to US be attacked- and the act stipulated that those drafted couldn't be deployed outside the Western Hemisphere. There was congressional opposition, but no significant public push-back or demonstration. Moreover, over time the crisis in Europe grew, and the opinion of the public shifted. While close to 90% opposed war in January of 1940, by September, according to the National WWII Museum , polling found that "52% of Americans now believed the United States ought to risk war to help the British." That would continue to shift over the course of 1941. There might not have been consensus to declare war prior to Pearl Harbor, but by the time the Selective Service Act took effect in September, 1940, the public had come to recognize the risk and consent to being prepared. Actual opposition to the act, and public resistance, seems to have been slight. https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/great-debate
    1
  13510. That is a constant struggle- no matter which I use,. I do not mean to ignore the European audience. The USS Pennsylvania had a length of 185 m, a beam of 29.6 m, and a draft of 8.8 m. The 14" 45 caliber gun had an effective range of 12,000 m at a 7.4% elevation and a maximum range of 21000 m at a 15% elevation.
    1
  13511. Thank you!
    1
  13512. Thank you!
    1
  13513. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhaqf9Nk_fkzRlQNrsB2iMb
    1
  13514. The disaster was more in publicity than deaths, but it was very costly to Ford.
    1
  13515. LOL
    1
  13516. He was a PHSCC officer assigned to the Coast Guard. That is officially considered to be in active military service.
    1
  13517. We live in the East Metro on the Illinois side.
    1
  13518. Thank you
    1
  13519. We have a script in the works.
    1
  13520. IMDb only lists it as "in development" with no release date yet showing.
    1
  13521. Thank you!
    1
  13522. Not in 1848.
    1
  13523. @ The casualties at Isandlwana noted that spears still hurt. But there are several other instances of last stands by the British army in the victorian age.
    1
  13524. I have the picture, but it is not in the Public Domain, so could not use it. thanks for linking it.
    1
  13525. The important point, and the distinction between the Titan I and the Titan II, is that the missile did not have to be raised from the silo and fueled before it could be launched.
    1
  13526. I hope to, yes
    1
  13527. It is a Mig helmet, but the type was also used by the Soviet space program. It was a gift from a viewer from the UK.
    1
  13528. That is not correct. Apples are examples of extreme heterozygotes, and the fruit from a tree planted from a seed will not be the same as the fruit from which the seed is derived. The seeds of an apple differ significantly genetically from the seeds of the parent plant. Apples also often cross-pollinate, and often must. That is, apple flowers often cannot pollinate themselves. But even if you hand pollinate a Red Delicious with another Red Delicious, the fruit from the tree grown from the seed will not resemble Red Delicious. If you want to reproduce a fruit of the same characteristics, you need to graft scions of the tree onto root-stock. Many of the most popular varieties of apples- including both red and golden delicious, were derived from trees that grew randomly from seeds, called a “chance seedling.” For example, the Golden Delicious variety is derived from a chance seedling that occurred in West Virginia, and all Golden Delicious apples today are derived from scions of that tree. If you plant a seed from a Golden Delicious apple, the resulting tree will not produce the same fruit. The bottom line is yes, by planting just apple seeds and walking away Johnny Appleseed created new varieties of apples.
    1
  13529. That is just filler text- sorry, we thought it had all been removed.
    1
  13530. Do you mean the USS Panay incident in 1937?
    1
  13531. The radio damage was a problem later as they tried to contact their aerial refueling tanker.
    1
  13532. alnot01 yes- it is a terrible story.
    1
  13533. I don’t know how that would happen- it should only be visible to channel members.
    1
  13534. I went to school at the University of Colorado at Boulder, not far from Rocky Flats. It certainly has an interesting history.
    1
  13535. The destroyer's commander happened to be a retired RN officer- good luck that. Yes, a little known incident, although I'll have to see if there is enough to build an episode.
    1
  13536. My experience confirms that theory.
    1
  13537. We have done quite a few episodes about organized crime, and had had the great pleasure of working with the folks at The Mob Museum: The National Museum of Organized Crime and Law Enforcement. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGi9b69JGgocJrpOrmXwYYQz
    1
  13538. That is the name Beechey used- actually Alcatraces.
    1
  13539. Yes, in the Draft riot of 1863. New York has nearly been burned down many times.
    1
  13540.  @jenniferedwards6764  unless you are referring to the NASA program, in which case I pronounced it the way NASA did.
    1
  13541. There are numerous accounts of him releasing prisoners, none of him killing them.
    1
  13542.  @mysticmardi  I don't know why you think so. It was reported worldwide at the time The monument was cut into five pieces and shipped to Italy. How else do you think it got there?
    1
  13543. Not at all. The obelisk weighs 188 tons. one fifth would be less than forty tons. Vessels of the 1930s could carry many times that. This doesn't discuss how the Axum obelisk was moved, but discusses a similar obelisk moved in the 1800s: https://designobserver.com/feature/moving-the-axum-obelisk/3117
    1
  13544. https://youtu.be/YVh-qJjFSAQ
    1
  13545. It was just discontinued last year.
    1
  13546. I mention space a couple of times.
    1
  13547. Oh no, he is a big advocate of safe searching.
    1
  13548. Dolores Boston even at this point Egypt had a distinct civilization and culture, as well as distinct political boundaries. The civilization had a clear, distinct, and important relationship with cats in particular.
    1
  13549. The award is called the Blue Riband.
    1
  13550. We may do an episode focusing more on Brunel- there is a reason I gave him only brief mention here. I am sorry that I left out his middle name. He was an extraordinary fellow, and the finances of his endeavors was almost as interesting as the engineering.
    1
  13551. Filtered Waters it is a great museum- powerful and respectful, but also engaging and interactive. We may well do an episode.
    1
  13552. He said that he didn’t want to kill anyone. However, some of the bombs could have been deadly, and he seemed to be escalating their size.
    1
  13553. Chris Collins the change was small enough that it could be gradually done over the course of normal maintenance.
    1
  13554. Magic fingers make you feel alright.
    1
  13555. The English kidnapped them and took them to England. Their families assumed they had been killed.
    1
  13556. I wouldn't say "morons," but you are correct that people simply screw up. The military does millions of things a day, often under difficult circumstances, and accidents happen. What was frightening about this event is that the Air Force never managed to explain nor replicate how the training tape made it into the command screens. Beyond that , there were false alarms caused by atmospheric phenomena, and at least one close call caused by a rocket that Norway was using to study the aurora borealis. No one can account for all possibilities.
    1
  13557. Thank you! My wife's great uncle gave it to me.
    1
  13558. Thank you for your support!
    1
  13559. I have not seen a reference to any Canadian casualties. It is usually reported that the only deaths caused by the Fu-Go balloon bombs were six people (five children and a teacher) from a Sunday school class in Oregon.
    1
  13560. Antony Upward first, you caught a error. It is actually 40% that “make enough to pay off their credit card debt” and 60% do not. Thank you for catching that, I will note a correction. Second, you are correct, the average is across everyone, so people with debt have higher amounts than to average that number. These numbers are stated and measured differently in different sources. There is a description of a methodology here: https://amp.usatoday.com/amp/39129001
    1
  13561. It is an inflatable representation of an 8.8 cm round from the gift shop at The Tank Museum.
    1
  13562.  @samsignorelli  I know! It is surprisingly realistic.
    1
  13563. Does my collection of antique pairs qualify?
    1
  13564. Thanks! There are about 1600 more if you want to catch up. ;)
    1
  13565. There was never any apparent consideration of going to Australia. That might simply have been the war situation at the time. Ceylon was initially the most advantageous option, and when that didn’t pan out South Africa was the safest next choice.
    1
  13566. I will research it. Thanks!
    1
  13567. The cruise idea failed before Covid-19 because the only person who had signed up was my Mom. I’d love to re-visit, but it appears the THG audience is not, by and large, a cruising crowd.
    1
  13568. Thank you!
    1
  13569.  @LGR605  there is some disagreement, but they are often described as the eastern most extension of the Rocky Mountains. Having grown up in the Western part of the state, we certainly identified with Wyoming and Colorado. The description as “Mountain West” came from my own experience, but I am not offended by other descriptions.
    1
  13570. The Model T was produced in nineteen model years, for twelve of those the only color available was black.
    1
  13571. Richard Wee accordong to this expert on japanning, the only pigment that worked with the process was black. Ford used black precisely because of the japanning process. https://www.autonews.com/article/20030616/SUB/306160713/model-t-had-many-shades-black-dried-fastest
    1
  13572. Richard Wee honestly, there doesn’t seem to be any sense in sticking to a single color if buyers demanded other colors unless it offered a manufacturing advantage. “Cheaper and more durable” doesn’t make much sense. And Japanning is usually called “black lacquering.”
    1
  13573. How is it not about Valentine's Day? It is literally the history of what is generally acknowledged to be the first written Valentine.
    1
  13574. Sterling Crockett great book!
    1
  13575. https://youtu.be/TcJChM_DXPw
    1
  13576. I am a big fan of Connections, and am flattered by the comparison.
    1
  13577. It was. The last thing the Allies wanted was for her to give up that secret!
    1
  13578. I am sorry for your loss.
    1
  13579. I have not yet.
    1
  13580. Carl Cantrell I did not- in 1993 I was teaching in Arizona.
    1
  13581. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGgcLBqQycd5m99rSh4MEUyA
    1
  13582. Not really my ambition, but good to know I'd have at least one vote!
    1
  13583. It surprised me.
    1
  13584. While rails played a role in the American Civil War, it was not a central role. in fact, they were rarely used to move armies. Rails played a role in several conflicts. But the argument is (and certainly some may disagree) that the Great War was the only war in which rail was so central to the prosecution of the war that it cold be called a "Railway War."
    1
  13585. Greg Siska obviously there is room for disagreement, that is why I chose to say “some have called it.” However, I do personally think the point is sound. No one would deny that rails played an important role in the US Civil War, and even more so in the Franco-Prussian war. But it is difficult to see them as central technology of the war. Still it is absolutely fair to call out the substantial role that railways played in the Union victory, as well as the specific role played in specific engagements, and I in no way intended to denigrate that contribution.
    1
  13586. I talked about him some in this episode: https://youtu.be/jghkeNBaU-c
    1
  13587. Use a traditional raised cinnamon roll recipe, and then cook the dough in your waffle iron.
    1
  13588. Both had "armored cars." I have a couple of photos from the museum in Benton.
    1
  13589. I merely reported the history as described by Erhard Raus. If you find some pro-Soviet sentiment in the video, it comes from your biases, not mine.
    1
  13590. The Flower-class was somewhat larger, and a handful were transferred to the US Navy in 1942.
    1
  13591. It was, yes.
    1
  13592. moreno franco we could probably name the entire astroid belt after Disney princesses. But, of course, we have discovered beyond Pluto. Pluto is now considered a dwarf planet by the International Astronomical Union, and there are currently four more dwarf planets recognized in our solar system, and potentially more to discover. Personally, were we to go the Disney route, seven names seem obvious to me for dwarf planets. But, instead, astronomers have chosen Pluto, Ceres, Eris, Makemake, and Haumea.
    1
  13593. It did- these missiles were BOMARC A, but there was a BOMARC B. The most significant difference was solid fuel boosters.
    1
  13594. Fair point
    1
  13595. It is. Primate beds say a lot about the importance of human beds
    1
  13596. The only "sponsored" part of this episode is that The Tie Bar gave me the bow tie
    1
  13597. Fair point, although I would say it can be both. There were a significant number of Americans on board- some of whom were very important. A great many of the passengers were coming to America with the intent of becoming Americans. Its destination was New York. I think that it was a disaster for America as well.
    1
  13598. It did permanently bend them up approximately 2 inches.
    1
  13599. I don't think that many knew or used "hand wash hygiene standards" until recently. It was more splash splash.
    1
  13600. Entente nations. The allies in WWI were also called the Entente, referring to the so called "Triple Entente" of France, Great Britain and Russia.
    1
  13601. Thank you!
    1
  13602. And we did not see the mass starvation Ehrlich predicted in the 1970s, although he is still predicting it will come. But that was the point- we are, in the end, not rats. Malthus underestimated increases in agriculture.
    1
  13603. Yes- the licenses support the BBC.
    1
  13604. LOL yup.
    1
  13605. @ I have not made a video about myself, but I have done a few interviews on the subject. https://www.stlpr.org/show/st-louis-on-the-air/2022-03-22/how-lance-geiger-became-a-youtube-star-with-the-history-guy
    1
  13606. Average low temperature was 74°, not average temperature.
    1
  13607. I may- there are some interesting points in the Texas Revolution that are worth an episode.
    1
  13608. I disagree. Both have been reported, but I've seen multiple sources saying the K-431 claim was a mistake. Still, it is unclear.
    1
  13609. https://youtu.be/5DLKI4VltuE
    1
  13610. I agree it is certainly significant. I am reticent to try to take on the Holocaust in ten minutes...
    1
  13611. John Geibel No, I never saw a mention of the security police in the newspapers.
    1
  13612. The "before rabbits" picture was taken on the 1902 expedition. One of the members of the biological survey claimed that the failure to eradicate the rabbits earlier was because the Navy did not allow the survey to stay on the island long enough to finish the job.
    1
  13613. All images used are in the Public Domain
    1
  13614.  @jimperone7803  to be exactly clear- images in the Public Domain are not protected by intellectual property laws. They are, by definition, owned by the public. A two dimensional digital image of a two dimensional Public Domain work does not constitute intellectual property. By law, you do not own what you assert to own, and the public is under no obligation to provide image credit for a Public Domain image. We have followed the law, as we are careful to do. We have violated no legal or academic standard. We have no intention to offend, but will defend our legal right to use such images.
    1
  13615. Please understand, we mean no disrespect, and find it important to follow the law and protect copyright. But we do believe that copyright expires for a reason and that Public Domain laws are important. The image you linked was published in national newspapers prior to 1926 and is certainly in the Public Domain. Moreover, it is a half tone image, meaning that it is not even an image of an original photo, but an image of a photo from some publication. By any standard, there should be no expectation of image credit for an image of an image of an image in the Public Domain.
    1
  13616. What a harrowing story- that must have been terrifying. Thank you for sharing!
    1
  13617. https://youtu.be/HlrRNB6OtRc
    1
  13618. There is a resemblance...
    1
  13619. Please feel free to share on any social media or via word of mouth! It is an honor to bring public awareness to many of our topics of forgotten history through this channel.
    1
  13620. Great story! I did not see that in my research.
    1
  13621. TNT doesn't really decay to become not explosive. The question is really on the fuses on the cluster bombs.
    1
  13622. Not a reupload, no, although we have talked about other earthquakes and disasters.
    1
  13623. We did from Voice of America. The point, I think, was to hide the fact that it was us.
    1
  13624. I pay a guy.
    1
  13625. It was a gift from a viewer.
    1
  13626. https://youtu.be/NZC-R1QN51I
    1
  13627. Don Nebes that is just a standard military photograph from his service record book. The photo is from 1942 after his promotion to Lt Commander.
    1
  13628. beanny39 cat
    1
  13629. Possibly, although the tale is relatively well known owing to the film.
    1
  13630. d2ahiddenkiler yes, and I may do an episode on the service. I did not go into detail in this episode, but the US life saving service had merged with the Revenue Cutter service in 1915 to form the Coast Guard. So these were actually Coast Guardsmen.
    1
  13631. Thank you for being a supporting viewer!
    1
  13632. The whole poster says "back the attack with war bonds. "
    1
  13633. I did have to abbreviate quite a lot, especially developments outside the US.
    1
  13634. I think that is often an unfair comparison.
    1
  13635. Sverre Munthe that can also be true of Europeans. I agree that many Americans are sadly lacking in historical knowledge. But, as I see in this channel, a good many have a very good understanding of and interest in history. Geography is interesting, as most Europeans will have been to far more different countries than most Americans. But the US is very large compared to Europe. The distance from London to Moscow is about the same distance as from New York to Denver. So Americans are actually more well traveled than it might appear. Obviously I am concerned with historical knowledge in the United States, where polling can show a ridiculous lack of basic knowledge of US history. But I do find that the comparisons are often overstated.
    1
  13636. It was, up until 1975.
    1
  13637. That is a fair point. Thanks for the correction.
    1
  13638. Nothing bad. He served with the Navy in California during the Mexican War and Stockton California is named after him as a result. He later served as a US Senator from New Jersey.
    1
  13639. While there was discussion at the time of what the incident meant in terms of vulnerability, the explanation offered was that it wasn't required to keep constant contact during peacetime. The Navy insisted this could hat have happened in time of war, in that the battle group would never have moved this distance away.
    1
  13640. Thank you!
    1
  13641. Thank you!
    1
  13642. Please forgive me. I only used it at the start, where the intent was to briefly hide the fact that the instructor was a female.
    1
  13643. Norman Boyes you are correct, I acquired the badge separately and it is actually just sort of tucked into the band. I am waiting to get all the correct parts to finish it. Actually the RN officers hat is not authentic, although the badge is. The RAN officer’s hat is complete.
    1
  13644. Norman Boyes enh, not so much up close. Someday I will acquire an authentic WWII RN officer’s cap.
    1
  13645. I mention the civilian workers on Wake in this episode: https://youtu.be/kbxrqQFetvI
    1
  13646. Actually, the route of the Pacific Clipper was largely just then entering the war- especially in Southeast Asia.
    1
  13647. He was no longer Governor at the time.
    1
  13648. Zachary Devan which Boise? Local news in Boise City pronounces it “boys.” It is pronounced differently than the city in Idaho.
    1
  13649. David Williams there are actually two others. Ahmet Ali Celikten flew for the Ottoman empire. William Robinson Clarke was a Jamaican who flew for the RAF. Technically he was not a fighter pilot, but flew reconnaissance aircraft.
    1
  13650. David Williams there is one on Wikipedia: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/170e_R%C3%A9giment_d%E2%80%99Infanterie%2C_Hirondelles_de_la_mort.jpg
    1
  13651. That is my Wife, and also partner in the channel (she writes many of the episodes.)
    1
  13652. Elizabeth Cherry Luck Star
    1
  13653. The Young Turks was a term for a coalition of Ottoman-era reform groups that led a revolutionary movement against the authoritarian regime of sultan Abdulhamid II. While not their initial cause, the movement was associated with the 1915 - 1917 Armenian genocide. By the 1930s and the Castellammarese War the term had come to be a generic term meaning, essentially, a group of young men seeking reform. That is how it came to be used by the group of young Italian-American mafia members that opposed the "Mustache Pete," or "old guard."
    1
  13654. Thank you!
    1
  13655. Well, this is an episode about another airplane…
    1
  13656. And the rest of us know the difference between a young male and a floating marker. ;)
    1
  13657. Happy Birthday!
    1
  13658. There are, or at least were, as you are correct that fraternal orders have been in decline, several orders that used the fez, often in different colors. I wish I had had more photos.
    1
  13659. It is a famous photo. He is wearing his uniform from the 170th, clearly proud of being a veteran of that unit. He was so much more experienced than the rest of them.
    1
  13660. Respectfully, I have multiple references disagreeing on both points, and believe the video is correct.
    1
  13661. He was responsible for many important innovations, yes. The Peral submarine can be said to be the first modern submarine.
    1
  13662. It was a gift from a viewer.
    1
  13663. The Democrat is the name of the newspaper, not someone’s political party affiliation. https://www.loc.gov/item/sn83032306/
    1
  13664. The comment with the WhatsApp number is definitely not me. Do not trust them.
    1
  13665. Thank you!
    1
  13666. He didn't The dog's name was "Highball," and while he was not shot in the massacre, he was so disturbed by the shooting that police had to put him down. https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/24886935/highball-may
    1
  13667. J, Williams that was Missouri.
    1
  13668. That is a fair point. The report says that the flaps were retracted. It is not clear if he chose not to extend the flaps or if the damage had made them inoperable.
    1
  13669. Glad you enjoyed it!
    1
  13670. Clark was operating the Phantom II, which was scheduled for retirement, so most of the planes were removed.
    1
  13671. Thank you!
    1
  13672. Lol
    1
  13673. Tobacco was brought from the New World to Europe in the 1520s, and to the Netherlands in the 1560s. Yes, nearly fifty years later there was a tobacco trade.
    1
  13674. There is some indication that Botticelli may have burned some of his own works.
    1
  13675. "Most purchased" can be documented, "most influential" is more subjective. I think you are correct, at least in terms of the history of Western Civilization, but I did not want to assert what could not be demonstrated.
    1
  13676. I would be happy to do one of these from the perspective of a Confederate. This one came because someone offered a family history.
    1
  13677. Others have said that. Is it regional? I've had blackcurrant scones many times in the UK, and they clearly were blackcurrants and not Zante raisins. There are also several recipes online that list blackcurrant in the ingredients.
    1
  13678. Lol
    1
  13679. They are not. I do my research. I looked numerous independent reviews, as well as client reviews.
    1
  13680. I have not done an episode on the incident, but I have seen the plane at the National Museum of the United Sates Air Force in Dayton. So strange for a plan to land itself.
    1
  13681.  @02WIFE  yes, same car
    1
  13682. Yes, sorry. My mistake.
    1
  13683. Here you go: https://youtu.be/cFHU0ElBwBg
    1
  13684. I will have an episode out on Able Archer eventually.
    1
  13685. West Kagle the tie does have a lipstick pattern on it, but not real lipstick.
    1
  13686. Yes, Robert Todd Lincoln had three children and three grandchildren. All the grandchildren died without having children, so the direct line of Abraham Lincoln has ended.
    1
  13687. Both are used to describe the same set of conditions. It is a combination of three conditions defined under METAR measures, one of which is "cloud." https://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/Meteorological_Terminal_Air_Report_(METAR)
    1
  13688. That is a bit of a story- but, suffice to say, I wouldn't order from the same place again. I had to threaten to reverse the charges in order to get them to finally fill the order. But, nonetheless, it is a pretty cool shirt.
    1
  13689. johnny llooddte I don’t know of anyone still manufacturing pressed fiber helmets. You can still find straw and plastic sun helmets.
    1
  13690. Max Waterman oxygen is most efficiently stored via chemicals in what are called chemical oxygen generators. Those generators require a lot of heat to get them to release their oxygen.
    1
  13691. I don't take a stand on any of the present claims. But Stormfury, the subject of the episode, and the entire theory behind it, had nothing to do with steering storms. It literally only even theoretically would have made a hurricane marginally less destructive.
    1
  13692. LOL I hadn't even thought of it. I do not actually have a leopard print bow tie.
    1
  13693. Rolling in a steep dive would be spinning. The report says the flaps were still retracted after- it is not clear if that was a choice, if they were inoperable, or if he simply could not deploy them because he had his hands full.
    1
  13694. It is ongoing-
    1
  13695. Thank you very much!
    1
  13696. That is an aircraft carrier- USS Abraham Lincol, alongside USNS Mercy.
    1
  13697. We don't expect to do more than one or two sponsored episodes a month.
    1
  13698. I am not sure who you are talking about- none of the Achille Lauro hijackers appeared to use that name, and none died in prison in Italy.
    1
  13699. The designation is actually not related to the year of the plane's first flight- the B-47 and B-52 were merely coincidences. The numbering is sequential- the B-17 came between the Martin XB-16 and the Douglas B-18. As many of the projects never became operational, the numbering could seem random. There is a full list here: http://www.joebaugher.com/Bdesig.html
    1
  13700. It had too many characters for YT.
    1
  13701. P. Gundaker what can I say? I am old school.
    1
  13702. Great story!
    1
  13703. But he was little known for his stand up. Carson got him “Raw,” making his standup career.
    1
  13704. I collect peaked caps. That does somewhat favor officers, but there are many caps for enlisted personnel in the collection. They are going put of style, being largely replaced by berets. In this video the confederate artillery cap and pickelhaube on the far right and the M1902 infantry cap on the far left are all enlisted hats.
    1
  13705. That has been a area of rather spirited discussion on the channel. Although I am unconvinced that the distinction is important to the history. I, personally, do think it was terrorism, and most historians have referred to it as such. We were not belligerents, so what is the proper term? There was a clear intent to have Americans fear munitions production without pushing them towards war. That certainly seems a political goal.
    1
  13706. It did, although the backup system came on quickly.
    1
  13707. The Dutch trading fleet was much larger, the war fleet was a somewhat different story, especially given the shallowness of Dutch harbors.
    1
  13708. That is on my list.
    1
  13709. I had a couple, but there are few in the public domain. Marketing shots are almost always copyrighted. What was most frustrating was that I had no PD images of P.L. Robertson or Henry Phillips.
    1
  13710. They threw away the locks, but with insufficient explosives, they couldn't disable them. Otway mentioned throwing grenades down the barrel. They did not do damage, but at least meant the guns had to be cleaned out. In practice, they delayed the fire of the battery long enough the their forward observer positions were captured. There is some disagreement as to whether the guns were able to engage at all on D-Day, but if they dd it was to limited effect.
    1
  13711. First, this is an overview of his early career. Second, The Problem We All Live With is in the video around 16:40.
    1
  13712. It’s going to be great!
    1
  13713. Sadly, she is no longer involved with the channel.
    1
  13714. Bank robberies were actually uncommon in the old west. What bank robbery there was would have been in the latter part of the nineteenth century. This episode notes a particularly successful old west bank robbery: https://youtu.be/85HkuJ1ZIiw
    1
  13715. I have not made one yet. he has been on my list a while.
    1
  13716. HoundDogMech again, relative speed is what counts- the Concorde was fast enough to chase the moon’s shadow. The umbra moves at around 1200 mph at the equator and the Concord has a top speed around 1300 mph.
    1
  13717. Two submarines of the Royal Navy, the G9 and the H5, were sunk by ramming. But both were rammed in error by vessels of the Royal Navy.
    1
  13718. Lol
    1
  13719. Thank you!
    1
  13720. Not an inaccuracy, I simply did not go into (and did not claim to go into) the entirety of the development from the DC-2 forward. The reason I referred back to the DC-3 instead of the DC-4 is that the C-47 is much better known than the C-54.
    1
  13721. Happy Birthday!
    1
  13722. I lived in Arizona for years. I always said we didn’t save daylight because we had plenty already.
    1
  13723. Well, the Dr who started it was Chinese, so I’m dubious on the racism claim.
    1
  13724. Thank you!
    1
  13725. https://www.thetiebar.com/?utm_campaign=BowtieLove&utm_medium=YouTube&utm_source=LanceGeiger
    1
  13726. I wasn't aware it was till in print. But we were able to get a used copy off Amazon fairly easily.
    1
  13727. Well, they did need a boat part of the way. https://youtu.be/ijeT1Nyz-v0
    1
  13728. Chinook does not mean "snow eater," but these types of winds are often called "snoweaters."
    1
  13729. I grew up in Hot Springs.
    1
  13730. We plan to do many more on Australia. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGgDDIGx85ZLpAB8GaNx-t_S
    1
  13731. The story is about obsession, but the whale is unquestionably the antagonist of the story.
    1
  13732. Noah Count Los Alamos was convinced, including what they called identical hairline scars. But we know now they cannot have been the same woman, as they were on clear record on two different continents at the same time. So the photo comparison technology is certainly flawed.
    1
  13733. I don't know of one. If I find one in research I'll let you know.
    1
  13734. Thank you!
    1
  13735. Double n was always there. There is a screenshot of the show logo in the video at around 13:30.
    1
  13736. LOL yes, I understand the difference. I was careful to use the term "rigid airship" throughout the episode. And the Roma was semi-rigid- in between blimp and dirigible. I will likely have one or more episodes out on blimps int eh future- there are some interesting stories there as well.
    1
  13737. It comes up in this episode: https://youtu.be/LVQkpTxGtwA
    1
  13738. LOL. We do about 150 a year, and that is a rather busy schedule, so a million episodes should take about 67,000 years.
    1
  13739. hebneh fair point.
    1
  13740. Sounds like it might have been better to stick with the clowns...
    1
  13741. That was a cat- Pocky.
    1
  13742. "Rack" is used to refer to a cut of animal meat and bones, but the etymology is unclear. That usage goes back to 1560, so it is possible that it could be related.
    1
  13743. Craig Crawford I think the most recognized use of the term is “rack of lamb.”
    1
  13744. They visit often for the live video chats every Friday at TheHistoryGuyGuild.Locals.com
    1
  13745. He was not President of the United States. He was President of the Congress Assembled. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Cy2Oob5ZfQ
    1
  13746. Bari was caused by an air raid. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wg4UmjT1ly8
    1
  13747. Not “erroneous” in the least. I gave an accurate description of the reasoning and politics that actually brought the ships back into service.
    1
  13748. Lawrence Taylor all history has perspective. I do not aim for “slant.” My goal is to present as factually as I can. However, that includes not taking on your slant. If you think I have covered something incorrectly, or feel there are topics that deserve to be the subject of a YouTube video, this is YouTube, you are free to make and post them. Respectfully, I am not obligated to present subjects in order fo meet your view of history or to somehow prove my objectivity, especially to someone who starts off by demonstrating your own “slant.”
    1
  13749. Sabotage can also be terrorism. As the US was a neutral country, it was certainly illegal.
    1
  13750. Yes, the 3rd English-Waldeck Regiment were rented to the British by the principality of Waldeck. While not from Hesse, Americans tend to use the term "Hessian" to apply to all the Germans who fought on the British side of the war.
    1
  13751. Great museum!
    1
  13752. They were still using the Julian calendar, so not with the Gregorian adjustments, but yes, they knew and used dates in 1202.
    1
  13753. I learned many episodes worth of information in the research process of this one. There may well be another on the history of hybridization and further affects on the industry.
    1
  13754. Markle2k yup- George Walpole. He left the army and went into politics.
    1
  13755. Do you understand how media is paid for? Advertising is not pandering.
    1
  13756. Lakehurst was a base for blimps, which were used for anti-submarine roles, through World War II. According to their website the last blimp housed there at that time was retired in September 1962, so there were airships there in the 50s. But the era has not ended. Since 2006 Lakehurst has housed the Navy's only lighter than air airship, the MZ-3, which is used as an advanced flying laboratory.
    1
  13757. Yes, I do plan to do an episode on the Eastland.
    1
  13758. https://youtu.be/-okt6On8BDM
    1
  13759. Doc Ward thank you!
    1
  13760. William Kang I am using the correct designation- caliber with naval guns refers to barrel length.
    1
  13761.  @chairmankaga2821  No worries- it is a common misunderstanding. For small arms, caliber is barrel diameter, as you say. But for heavy and naval artillery it refers to barrel length. The 4"/40 caliber (pronounced four-inch-forty-caliber) used as a secondary armament on a Columbia class protected cruiser is a different gun than the 4"/50 caliber guns used on the Wickes class destroyers. Likewise, the 14"/50 caliber guns of the New Mexico and Tennessee class battleships had significantly greater range than the 14"/45 caliber guns of the Pennsylvania and Nevada class battleships, owing to the extra seventy inches of barrel length. The original main guns on the Wickes class destroyers were the four-inch-fifty-caliber Mark 9.
    1
  13762. William Kang sorry- I meant no offense
    1
  13763. The allies have never admitted to anything other than the bombings were accidental.
    1
  13764. Yes, I collect vintage peaked covers mostly.
    1
  13765. You are correct, I am sorry for not clarifying that.
    1
  13766. Correct- the accident was an illustration of the challenges of wartime production.
    1
  13767. Thank you!
    1
  13768. Walter Golston well, luckily Murphy didn’t nuke Arkansas. Have you ever heard of Cole’s Law?
    1
  13769. Sam Eyers thinly sliced cabbage. Sorry, old joke.
    1
  13770. Ack!
    1
  13771. I am interested myself. I'll reserve judgement until current events become history.
    1
  13772. checking the description for the links to each one is also considered cheating. ;)
    1
  13773. This isn't gunpowder, it is TNT.
    1
  13774. Yes. My mistake. Harold Bride survived.
    1
  13775. blackcountryme and the second HMS Nubian had a distinguished career that did not include loosing her bow. Perhaps in another episode.
    1
  13776. The fact is that there were flight schools in the US and she was denied entry into them because they did not accept Black people. So, just as a matter of factual history, no matter how difficult it was for "ANY poor person," it was harder for her. It is not "woke humbug" that history doesn't fit into your political dogma.
    1
  13777. Thanks for sharing, Jeff. There's too much information to pack into each episode.
    1
  13778. It was a Detroit company. They manufactured in Ireland for tax reasons.
    1
  13779. Fair point.
    1
  13780. I simply enjoy telling stories.
    1
  13781. Thank you for your service!
    1
  13782. My room was in the basement.
    1
  13783. Supposedly a movie project is in the works.
    1
  13784. Hawaii still insists that it has no hummingbirds. Are you sure you were bot confused by either honeycreepers or hummingbird moths?
    1
  13785. That is our cat Pookie, who we lost week before last.
    1
  13786. Thank you!
    1
  13787. I swear I consulted a pronunciation guide, which, apparently, led me wrong. Raid on the Medway episode: https://youtu.be/yiLiTJ1Ofys
    1
  13788. It is a great story! https://youtu.be/ECYkLKbAZfY
    1
  13789.  @bob_the_bomb4508  The illustrations come from the US Army manual on the German 8.8 cm Flak, shown on page 88 on the link provided below. You are correct that they represent AP rounds. Images come from the Public Domain, are for illustration only, and I do not claim specifically represent everything discussed in the episode. https://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USA/ref/TM/PDFs/TME9-369A_Germ88.pdf
    1
  13790. @UCSdpcE9Bqu07c5PxBHYXaMQ well, you’re an ass.
    1
  13791. It is.
    1
  13792. Cloud seeding is certainly being done in many US states. Its effectiveness is dubious..
    1
  13793. Happy Killmore I have no control over what ads Google shows. Those are customized to you, not my video. https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/3181017?hl=en
    1
  13794. YouTube does not allow us to monetize anything talking about Middle East terrorism.
    1
  13795. Daniel Pelate This was one of my first episodes, before we had settled on the bow tie.
    1
  13796. "The New Look" was actually intended to reduce military spending.
    1
  13797. News to me...
    1
  13798. ziggy 2shus true- this episode doesn’t cover that period. That is another human tragedy, and one of many in the Soviet era.
    1
  13799. I think a strike in the military is called “mutiny.”
    1
  13800. Kristina Rain these were statements to newspapers, so yes, the Navy may have been propagandizing a bit.
    1
  13801. I always appreciate topics. You can email them to thehistoryguyyt@gmail.com.
    1
  13802. We used pronunciation used in local news reports.
    1
  13803. That all represents the complexity of the issue. The primary issue is poverty- that is what drives the use of slave labor and child labor, as well as land use. But denying a market only exacerbates poverty. The solutions are complex, and we need to press the industry to move beyond solutions that are more PR than transformative.
    1
  13804. literally.
    1
  13805. "Miracle Landing" with Wayne Rogers and Connie Sellecca
    1
  13806. I agree- I think that history offers better stories than most of what makes it into theaters.
    1
  13807. Ads come from Google. I don’t control them, and not all viewers get the same ads
    1
  13808. I don't contend Butch and Sundance were heroes, although their character was somewhat more complex than just being villains. But Robin Hood and Ned Kelly are evidence that Americans are not unique in making heroes of outlaws.
    1
  13809. The picture on the thumbnail is the 8.8 Flak 36 on the cruciform mount, and little similar to the Pak 43. The image is from War department Technical Manual TM E9-396A, pg 25.
    1
  13810. Asbestos has been replaced with microporous materials for thermal insulation.
    1
  13811. I think that both engaged in both. But the name “Indian massacre of 1622” certainly came from the English perspective. If the Powhatan had a different name for it, I have never seen it recorded.
    1
  13812. Tim Castle thank you for your service!
    1
  13813. They were originally ribbons that were wrapped around the feet and up the calf. In the Great War they wrapped from the ankle up.
    1
  13814. That is one of the arguments, and an interesting one. I personally think that a feline fits the description of the attacks more thoroughly.
    1
  13815. Passed away. Yes, it means died.
    1
  13816. You are correct-it was a mistake that has been repeated. There are, apparently, no known pictures of Mulligan. A correction is noted in the pinned comment. Often when there are no pictures available, we use other images for illustration. That is noted in the description.
    1
  13817. Some viewers tell me that they still miss the introduction. It was mostly an issue if you were watching several episodes in a row.
    1
  13818. Glad you enjoyed it!
    1
  13819. There used to be a direct feed from YT to Rumble. Because of some decision by YT that feed no longer works. We are trying to catch ip with uploads.
    1
  13820. Mentioned at the end. She survived using what was named the "Milwaukee Protocol." Unfortunately, its success has been limited.
    1
  13821. Yes, with the Chief Scientist at Ames.
    1
  13822. there was damage throughout southern Portugal;. But, of course, farmers are generally at much smaller risk from earthquakes- less to fall on them.
    1
  13823. Skreezilla both were sunk at night. Both were fully lighted, as they were trying to be obvious in order to display that they were flagged from a neutral country. They had bright lights illuminating a flag painted on the hull.
    1
  13824. The color was deliberate, but it isn’t duct tape, no.
    1
  13825. The custodian helmet is not derived from or even similar to a pickelhaube.
    1
  13826. Javier 86 I don’t know, I never lived there.
    1
  13827. Welk, used to be docked there.
    1
  13828. I did not mean to imply that, no. The Apache were certainly victims of Anglo encroachment like other indigenous peoples, but they were also warlike (with themselves and others) and tortured prisoners brutally. I am sure that, like all wars, both sides thought themselves the aggrieved party.
    1
  13829.  @wallycheladyn1190  lol
    1
  13830. Magellan TV is actually a really great service. Sorry you miss out.
    1
  13831. M NG yes it is!
    1
  13832. Thank you!
    1
  13833. Sorry, I have not done the Pig War yet. I have been waiting for an opportunity to ho visit the Island first.
    1
  13834. I am sure I'll have an episode out on the pig war sometime
    1
  13835. The Dr is not saying that we need serial killers, but that we need to observe bad people in order to feel better about ourselves. I see your point, but it sure seems that society is still much more intersted in bad news than good.
    1
  13836. Yes, the Port Chicago explosion is definitely on the list.
    1
  13837. I saw references suggesting the same is still true in Ireland, and, of course, superstitions of all kinds persist, just usually not to this extent.
    1
  13838. Yes. Actually, they still do. https://youtu.be/IHOBUUAX56w?si=ANJMBAnmMYIZj2Li
    1
  13839. And the plane had multiple "lounges." Oh how things have changed!
    1
  13840. I respectfully disagree on both counts. While African bush elephants have been trained, the practice appears to have only developed during the colonial period, when Indian trainers were imported. Even then they have proven to be much more difficult to train and far less domesticated. Existing experience suggests that training them for war, more or less crossing the Alps with an army, seems exceptionally unlikely. Historians have generally asserted that there was a separate North African species that must have been more trainable, but animal taxonomists have never recognized such a species. While it is not inconceivable that Carthage managed to train African elephants for war, it is more likely that most or all of their war elephants were Asiatic elephants. The argument regarding Zama is admittedly speculative. However, the history was written by Polybius, who would have been familiar with Scipio's tactics. The question here is that Polybius' account asserts that there were a larger number of elephants present than seems likely, especially given their absence from accounts earlier in the campaign where Carthage certainly would have deployed them had they been available in such numbers. Moreover, the supposed tactics for defeating the elephants seems dubious. Coupled with the fact that other accounts by Polybius regarding war elephants are clearly unreliable, there is a fair argument that the account is, at least, greatly exaggerated.
    1
  13841. Ancient accounts do suggest that elephants could be decisive in an ancient battle, especially where the terrain was favorable. They must have been very costly to maintain though. To my knowledge we don't have any elephant remains that can be definitively tied to Carthage. But we know there was international trade in Asiatic elephants, and wild populations as close as Syria. There is actually no physical evidence of the supposed breed of North African elephant. I don't know how easy it would have been to breed domesticated African Elephants, but the species remains remarkably resistant to domestication still today. Forest Elephants still exist and, I think, were somewhat recently recognized a separate species from bush elephants. They are smaller in size, but seem to be even more resistant to domestication. Again, I am not discounting the possibility that Carthage used African elephants. The point is that we really do not know what elephants they used, and the asserted North African elephant species that historians have long assumed may never have existed at all. I agree that the most likely possibility is that the description of elephants at Zama was exaggerated. The idea that the entire battle may have been fabricated was derived from the musing of one historian. But that idea is not outside reason, and i thought it interesting enough to mention. I don't know the story of disguising camels, but it certainly seems plausible. Deception of all types was used in the World Wars. See the episode about Douglass Fairbanks Jr. and the Beach Jumpers- we made tiny patrol boats appear to be entire invasion fleets.
    1
  13842. Meteors have never been known to cause fires. Likely simply weather conditions conducive to fire meant that multiple fires occurred. Fire was treated rather carelessly at the time,
    1
  13843. I get you. we live along a woodland, and there is always some varmit or another digging holes.
    1
  13844. But, if you replace the wire and the care starts, do you really need to know the mechanism of why the wire went bad?
    1
  13845. The film is pretty clearly not directed towards adults- or, as they say it, "older people." It talks a lot about protection from the flash. It is not to say that the advice wouldn't possibly be helpful, but it is sad that we felt the necessity to provide such advice.
    1
  13846. At what time stamp?
    1
  13847. I used the Kiribati pronunciation.
    1
  13848. In this case there was sufficient evidence that even the German representative on the commission agreed that it was a deliberate act of the German government.
    1
  13849. Correct. There is some dispute, but Mahón is the most likely etymology for the word mayonnaise.
    1
  13850. YouTube ads are done by Google AdSense. I get no control over their content, which, supposedly, is customized to your interest based on your meta-data.
    1
  13851. Lol- shhhhhh
    1
  13852. Immigrants were actually processed by the US Bureau of Immigration. The PHS just did the medical check and quarantine for those suspected of having infectious disease.
    1
  13853. I have quite a lot of them, yes.
    1
  13854. Dean Perkins yes, all me. I use PowerDirector 16.
    1
  13855. Yup- totally my mistake. Sorry!
    1
  13856. Geoffrey Mowbray there was not enough time to go into detail on the two London treaties. But they were derivatives of the Washington treaty, extending the length of the Washington limits and then further limiting cruisers and destroyers. Without Italy and Japan's participation the Second treaty had less success in limiting ship building, especially since the Americans insisted on the "escalator clause." It did, however, include the submarine protocol, which might be the most effective long term effect of the three treaties.
    1
  13857. Thank you!
    1
  13858. Evelyn Nielsen Wood, the educator who developed the speed reading technique, was a woman from Utah.
    1
  13859. I don't know that he had any intent to push a button, but that is where the button resides.
    1
  13860. There is a brief mention of the controversy between Langley and the Wright Brothers here: https://youtu.be/swIev-LlORQ
    1
  13861. I am sorry, but you are incorrect. The Tomb Guards are all volunteers from the Third Infantry Regiment (The Old Guard.) The regiment is stationed at Fort Myer, Virginia, and is responsible for a number of ceremonial roles.
    1
  13862. She was awarded two Purple Hearts.
    1
  13863. I am required to put the fact that the video is sponsored above the fold. I understand that some viewers do not prefer sponsored content. That is one reason that I make it clear at the start that the video is sponsored, in case you would prefer to choose another one of our almost 300 episodes without sponsored content. I make no apology for earning a living.
    1
  13864.  @thanksfrank93  yes, its me.
    1
  13865.  @Fossilsunleashed  understand a patent doesn’t mean that something works, or has even been tried. Patents for affecting tornadoes with sound waves, or stopping a hurricane by heating air with jet afterburners are almost certainly ineffective and most certainly impractical. Still, there is no patent for the method used in operation Stormfury.
    1
  13866.  @alienfeline1279  I am not deleting comments.
    1
  13867. Many of the artworks were removed before the fire. In the research I actually saw a period newspaper ad selling life preservers from the Normandie.
    1
  13868. Thank you!
    1
  13869. I left Dr Snow and the Broad Street pump out of the episode because, despite his discovery, very few people were convinced at the time.
    1
  13870. I don’t think so. There was a commission to choose a location, but I can’t find any indication that the former Alexander factory had anything to do with the choice.
    1
  13871. Sponsored by Magellan TV. Get MagellanTV here: https://try.magellantv.com/historyguy/ & get an exclusive offer extended to our viewers: an extra month FREE. MagellanTV is a new kind of streaming service run by filmmakers with 2,000+ documentaries! Check out our personal recommendation and MagellanTV’s exclusive playlists: https://www.magellantv.com/explore/history
    1
  13872. The Railroad companies.
    1
  13873. I am sorry, Google Ads control the ads. I, personally, find YouTube premium to be worth the cost.
    1
  13874. The world wouldn’t be different if the US had gone the way of Canada?
    1
  13875. Or secretive
    1
  13876. Just meant also from Florida
    1
  13877. The recommendations mention both the FAA and the CAA.
    1
  13878. Tell his story in this episode: https://youtu.be/gl1oSed4n_0
    1
  13879. Probably manufacturing centers, but there were various forms of "gap coverage" everywhere.
    1
  13880. Thank you!
    1
  13881. That is not actually easy, since there is no clear definition of a continent, and Europe is not actually a discreet land mass. The measures of European land mass do vary. What constitutes a continent and its boundaries is actually a matter of dispute- some definitions consider North and South America to be a single continent. The point, though, in the introduction, was to note that US states are, by fair measure, generally the size of European nations.
    1
  13882. Thank you!
    1
  13883. Are you affiliated with the museum?
    1
  13884. Google handles the ads.
    1
  13885. National Chocolate Pudding Day is June 26.
    1
  13886. George VI offered him the title Duke of Dover in 1945 and Elizabeth II offered him the title Duke of London in 1955. He refused both offers.
    1
  13887.  @loditx7706  the title “Duke of Wellington” was also created for Wellseley. The point was elevation to the peerage. In fact, offering a dukedom to Churchill was exceptional, it would have been the first non-royal dukedom since 1874. The reason most commonly assumed for his refusal was that both his son and grandson, who would eventually inherit the titles, had political aspirations. Peers cannot serve in the House of Commons.
    1
  13888. What in the video is inaccurate?
    1
  13889. Both gifts from a fan. Thanks Jim!
    1
  13890. Channel members get the videos without the sponsored content.
    1
  13891. He did not land on it- he nearly landed on it. The way he describes it, it looked up, was as surprised as he was, and disappeared in a cloud of dust.
    1
  13892. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGiOiy5iEknofAHybnRdaHTW
    1
  13893. I quote a story on their webpage.
    1
  13894. Any dog owner will tell you that they tell tales all the time.
    1
  13895. Kitsch. "Considered to be in poor taste but appreciated in an ironic or knowing way." kind of like my lava lamp.
    1
  13896. Did you watch the episode? i specifically reference the African Queen. But this is not the story that Inspired the African Queen. That was a different boat on a different lake.
    1
  13897. @ 1 in 5 British households now enjoy waffles in their home. https://www.thegrocer.co.uk/news/warburtons-launches-belgian-waffles-range-into-tesco/695268.article#:~:text=According%20to%20NIQ%20data%2C%20nearly,and%20book%20your%20seat%20here.
    1
  13898. @ then there is the full English flavored waffle. https://stories.hilton.com/food-beverage/hampton-by-hilton-waffle-wednesdays-the-full-english-waffle
    1
  13899. That is a fair question. I would say that Torch was intended as part of the reconquest of Europe through what Churchill called the "soft underbelly." Madagascar was about supply lines, but not about taking back "fortress Europe."
    1
  13900. Well, a few in the middle.
    1
  13901. That is a fair question. The B-47 had barely entered service before the Korean War ended. I suspect that SAC simply didn't want to risk their new strategic bombers. By the time that SAC was convinced to commit strategic bombers in Vietnam, the B-47 was already being replaced by the B-52.
    1
  13902. Thank you!
    1
  13903.  @efekt412  I use a product called Viddyoze.
    1
  13904. I don’t choose what ads Google shows
    1
  13905. Not in the UK. Taffy called it a reheat, so that is the term that I used.
    1
  13906. Rob Voncken they wanted to kill or enslave the crew as much as they wanted to take or destroy the ship. The people on board were quite literally fighting for their lives.
    1
  13907. But that is always a risk when such a large area is so completely dependent upon a single industry.
    1
  13908. I’ve never met him.
    1
  13909. Yup. There is a reason they were called “tin cans.”
    1
  13910. No, that one wanted to be held. He likes attention.
    1
  13911. Much like the allies, the Chetniks chose to side with whoever seemed to offer the most advantage at the time.
    1
  13912. Thanks! that was interesting!
    1
  13913. That could describe multiple engagements. But you might mean USS Buckley. USS Buckley vs U-66 during the Battle of the Atlantic https://youtu.be/YIBF4HwtANA
    1
  13914. https://youtu.be/qdXDeP205vY
    1
  13915. https://youtu.be/mk4n7XWsY_4
    1
  13916. My great grandfather was a POW camp guard.
    1
  13917. They really are great-a whole lot of fun and very knowledgeable. Totally worth it.
    1
  13918. matthew s https://youtu.be/dlexo-003lE
    1
  13919. This is Mr Dorfman's math and reasoning: https://ericdorfman.wordpress.com/2018/06/15/counting-your-chickens-the-worlds-most-numerous-bird/
    1
  13920. Jack Wyatt there are lots of them. They just aren’t in the Public Domain. We respect copyright.
    1
  13921. Steve Richardson probably will- it is more prehistory, but I think we’ll do an episode.
    1
  13922. All great stories involve pirates.
    1
  13923. Correct. My mistake.
    1
  13924. There was quite a lot of development in the town to support the base, and some friction between the Americans and the locals. I may do another episode about it.
    1
  13925. Quite a few nations produced large flying boats.
    1
  13926. The list of ship types, and Don Kendall's famous comment to Brent Scowcroft, was noted in the New York Times, May 10, 1989. I am sorry, I have also not been able to find a list of the names of the ships traded- just the list "Seventeen submarines, a cruiser, a frigate and a destroyer." The deal also included oil tanker ships that could be leased. https://www.nytimes.com/1989/05/10/opinion/foreign-affairs-soviets-buy-american.html
    1
  13927.  @constipatedinsincity4424  They were not foundlings.
    1
  13928. I enjoyed the thorough discussion of the congressional battle for emancipation.
    1
  13929.  @veronicac5041  using DNA to determine the gender of skeletal remains is still not a reliable technique, and not possible with the mitDNA recovered. The provenance of the remains and match to the mitDNA of a matrilineal relation makes the possibility that these were simply a set of female remains remote. And, if you follow who and how these conclusions were made, your assertion of someone trying to “fit a narrative” is dubious. The idea that Pulaski may have had congenital adrenal hyperplasia, indisputably a real condition, is not a “narrative,” but a theory that fits the evidence. All I have presented is that evidence. Respectfully, the “narrative” seems to have come more from people who seem intent on imposing modern politics on this historical question.
    1
  13930. These were not urban legends- these planes actually disappeared.
    1
  13931. Sorry, no, I don't believe I happened to see that scene. But thank you for brining it to my attention.
    1
  13932. While both pronunciations are used in the US, and both considered grammatically correct, the pronunciation “rowt” is most common. That pronunciation is also most common in Australia where “root” is a vulgar term.
    1
  13933. https://youtu.be/tWx6gufENSs
    1
  13934. We only enable two midrolls. But i do highly suggest YouTube premium, it is well worth it for me.
    1
  13935. That is eccentric. :) The not so old guy at a clothing store taught me by having me tie it around me leg.
    1
  13936. The movie is still in copyright, but the trailer is in the Public Domain.
    1
  13937. Yes it is.
    1
  13938.  @kevinthomas6528  there is no “whitewashing” here. The description of events in the episode is accurate.
    1
  13939. Those pistols belonged to James Barron and are in the collection of the US Naval Academy.
    1
  13940. IMDb claims that one is under production.
    1
  13941. Wallace Shackleton to be fair, I suspect that not one in ten thousand in the UK could distinguish Vermont from New Hampshire.
    1
  13942. No, it was not. That is a completely false internet myth inconsistent with the economics of slavery.
    1
  13943. That has been suggested, but apparently rejected as more costly and risky than the F-35.
    1
  13944. Thank you!
    1
  13945. That is a good story!
    1
  13946. I made no attempt to “verify” that MSG is bad for anyone. I merely presented to historical controversy.
    1
  13947. Try these: https://youtu.be/0tZe3XFZChs https://youtu.be/DKz_2Fhy9NM https://youtu.be/Isq1-htLiEk
    1
  13948. https://youtu.be/vJMwIar7FN0
    1
  13949. I talked about those statistics in this episode: https://youtu.be/0erWd2euSMk
    1
  13950. I left that out deliberately because neither he nor the NTSB seemed to think that it impacted the incident in any way.
    1
  13951. Yup. Ironic.
    1
  13952. Yes, there is a general argument that the raid caused Japan to better fortify the bases in the Gilberts.
    1
  13953. LOL
    1
  13954. Eventually they did start incinerating the waste.
    1
  13955. Yes- another interesting story. HFD is the IATA code for Hartford-Brainard airport, which was the primary airport serving Hartford until the mid 1950s, when its runways proved too short for larger aircraft. Carriers shifted to Bradley International Airport (BDL) in nearby Windsor Locks, now the second largest airport in New England.
    1
  13956. This is a podcast. Videos release on Monday, Wednesday and Friday.
    1
  13957. I am seriously no expert on Wisconsin wheat farming, but yes, there is a winter wheat crop. https://www.iatp.org/news/wisconsin-winter-wheat-making-big-gains-in-dairyland
    1
  13958. See the pinned comment.
    1
  13959. If Herodotus can be believed, Scipio had the elephants figured out at Zama. But elephants are not mentioned at Cannae- either none survived that long, or not enough to make a difference.
    1
  13960. The propeller decoupled when the engine seized. Yes, it causes significant drag. It was not just the drag but the inability to maintain cruising speed and altitude that significantly affected fuel consumption. No, they did not have enough fuel to make it to destination.
    1
  13961. According to the Civil Aeronautics Board "The propeller uncoupled through a failure of the propeller drive mechanism." That is, the shaft broke free of the rest of the engine. To keep the propeller under control, the crew had to fly well below the best airspeed for efficient two engine flight, meaning that the fuel demands increased. The CAB noted "the range of the aircraft was seriously impaired by the additional drag of the windmilling propeller and necessarily low airspeed." Respectfully, I take the Civil Aeronautics Board as the experts in the situation, and they not only confirmed the conclusions regarding range and fuel consumption, but specifically complimented the crew on their decision making. Full CAB report here: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/CAB_Accident_Report%2C_Pan_Am_Flight_6_%281956%29.pdf
    1
  13962. Well, watch out for the Honduran military....
    1
  13963. There are not. Robert Todd Lincoln had three children and three grandchildren, but the grandchildren all died without issue.
    1
  13964. dan payne Rommel was at both Kasserine and Thala. The arrival of the 9th Division artillery was very fortunate, and they certainly showed their mettle in their march, but Thala was much more a victory of the British. The Americans really redeemed themselves at Djebel el Hamra.
    1
  13965. dan payne I’d like to see that reference. What I have suggests that he left for Germany for health reasons in March, a month after the battle. He was in direct command of the 10th Panzer Division at both Kasserine Pass and Thala.
    1
  13966. No more direct descendants. Robert had grandchildren, but all died without heir.
    1
  13967. @ neither of Abraham Lincoln’s siblings had children, so current relations are distant.
    1
  13968. Correct, the spelling was somewhat of a scandal, ironic given the reason the name was chosen. The demand to use the French spelling was related to French nationalism under de Gaulle.
    1
  13969. Trevor McKenna-Williams the purpose of mentioning the Comet was to stress how much experience we had with jet engines, and yet still had things to learn about jet engines.
    1
  13970. The term “revisionist” is misunderstood. But my goal is to tell history without political spin. I guess it is up to the viewer’s opinion whether I have been successful. There are conflicting stories about Sarah Marcus Earp that we had to navigate in this episode, but none of the presentation was based on current politics. While I do use images from Wikimedia, we never use Wikipedia as a source.
    1
  13971. The term “revisionist” is misunderstood. But my goal is to tell history without political spin. I guess it is up to the viewer’s opinion whether I have been successful. There are conflicting stories about Sarah Marcus Earp that we had to navigate in this episode, but none of the presentation was based on current politics. While I do use images from Wikimedia, we never use Wikipedia as a source.
    1
  13972. https://youtu.be/BusyV-NnPf4
    1
  13973. Discussion of the Presidential Unit Citation in this episode: https://youtu.be/rkZuSc0WtJc
    1
  13974. ???
    1
  13975. MIKE SCHUMACHER because people are weird.
    1
  13976. I briefly mention Byrd's role in establishing bases in Antarctica. Programs from the late forties are a tad out of scope for the topic of this episode.
    1
  13977. The name is derived from the Turkish name for the flower- tulips came to Europe via Turkey. The Turkish name, tülbent, means "Turban," and refers to the shape of the flower.
    1
  13978. This was certainly not an attempt to address any of the issues you mentioned. This is a historical account.
    1
  13979. Yeah- marrying first cousins- eeech.
    1
  13980. That is not our daughter, it is our business manager Carolyn.
    1
  13981. We will tell that story on Monday
    1
  13982. That is Johnny Mack Brown. The film is called "Branded a Coward," (1935) and is in the Public Domain: https://archive.org/details/BrandedaCoward
    1
  13983. There are many competing stories for the etymology of the term, which actually likely came from Scotland and was originally "the Real McKay." We do know the term was used in reference to Joseph McCoy. The attribution to Elijah McCoy is common, but likely a false etymology. Elijah McCoy was an extraordinary inventor ( I may do an episode on him some day,) but there is no period reference of the use of the term in reference to him. The first time that the term seems to have been applied to Elijah McCoy was in a magazine ad in the 1960s.
    1
  13984.  @carldamacion3740  possibly.
    1
  13985. I made an error regarding Uranus orbit and rotation
    1
  13986. I left that out because neither he nor the NTSB seemed to think it affected the landing at all. There were two other pilots in the cockpit, each with two good eyes, and they still left the guy with the most experience in control. It does say all the more about his piloting skills.
    1
  13987. Yes, my mistake.
    1
  13988. superque4 it means he was sickly. He suffered from asthma.
    1
  13989. leon dillon you are absolutely correct- I am sorry, I misread the original post and for some reason thought we were talking John Newcomb, who commanded the Hudson. You were referencing the photo of John Bernadou, who commanded the USS Winslow. Yes, the picture is an engraving from the time of the battle, and he was, indeed, a First Lieutenant. He eventually reached the rank of Commander, but in 1908 died of complications from the wounds he received at Cardenas.
    1
  13990. The interest from auto sites was because the four escaped in a car- a rare Steyr 220.
    1
  13991. It is a fair comparison.
    1
  13992. All ribes can carry the blister rust.
    1
  13993. In Idaho they do. In Oklahoma they say it "Boys."
    1
  13994. Yes.
    1
  13995. I am not, I used an online guide. I am delighted if I got it right.
    1
  13996. It was built as a high-altitude precision bomber. The shift in strategy to low-level incendiary bombing was precipitated by weather, making precision bombing ineffective.
    1
  13997. John Todd lol no. In 1910 he took off from a ship at sea, but landed at an airfield.
    1
  13998. https://youtu.be/nbZnrseHihI
    1
  13999. Sorry- my error
    1
  14000. Transportation to Australia really started after America won independence.
    1
  14001. How is the ad section not clear?
    1
  14002. That is on our topic list- he made ample use of his disability. Such an interesting personality all around.
    1
  14003. Dan Colley by topic list I just mean our massive list of potential topics. It isn’t something we’ve published or anything. We track ideas and viewers suggestions.
    1
  14004. Thank you for your service!
    1
  14005.  @BA-gn3qb  I was intending to say the War of Jenkins Ear resulted in Spanish recognition of the border with Georgia- the 13th colony.
    1
  14006.  @cardeja12  thank you!
    1
  14007. LOL yes, I don't think they are still flying, But with no SOS and no debris, it is still a mystery.
    1
  14008. That is certainly an odd event.
    1
  14009. CV-38 was actually named after the Doolittle Raid. Because the launch of the planes from a carrier was a secret, FDR had told the press the raid took off from "Shangri-La." Shangri-la was actually FDR's nickname for the presidential retreat at Camp David Maryland, where the idea for the raid was said to have occurred. Of course, all of the above, including the valley in New Guinea, were given the name in reference to the legendary paradise valley described in James Hilton's novel Lost Horizon.
    1
  14010. Colonel K those are fair comments. The Shackelton-Rowett expedition did continue actually until May of 1922. The December 1903 is as fair a date as several for the Wright Brother’s flight.
    1
  14011. That is a colonel's Kepi.
    1
  14012. Yes, I make that clear in the episode.
    1
  14013. Neil Dahlgaard-Sigsworth again, respectfully, Britons celebrating their mothers was not something forced upon them by Americans. It is not cultural imperialism. Nor does it seem a good reason to criticize Americans for celebrating their own holidays. And, of course, you are perfectly allowed to worship at your mother church on the fourth Sunday in Lent. I suspect the reasons that that tradition has fallen out of favor are little related to America’s Mother’s Day.
    1
  14014. Mexico pretty decisively lost the Pastry War.
    1
  14015. Interesting!
    1
  14016. LOL the farts and darts don't even look like scrambled eggs.
    1
  14017. While there has been some speculation on that, it is unlikely. It was a popular and well known tune in the US.
    1
  14018. Which cat?
    1
  14019. Oh no!
    1
  14020. They were interned as POWs and faced much the same treatment as allied POWs.
    1
  14021. We've had a discussion on the channel about that. There is an issue with inflated body counts in ancient battles. It is fair to say that the French losses are the greatest single day losses in the modern era.
    1
  14022.  @modelnut617  Klaatu barada nikto
    1
  14023. Certainly a tragic story
    1
  14024. Mike Goldberg the etymology of the phrase is disputed, with many different claims. However, and I do not mean to disappoint, the connection to Elijah McCoy is most likely false, as the first known mention of that claim was in a magazine ad in 1966.
    1
  14025. I don't control the ads by Google.
    1
  14026. https://youtu.be/NJorEFeox9s
    1
  14027. Yes, he was a Freemason. We mention his ring in the episode.
    1
  14028. Dolphins are simply a family of the cetaceans- they are a type of whale. The Mediterranean is the sea in the middle of what the ancient Greeks and Romans understood to be the earth.
    1
  14029. Eric Taylor quite possibly, yes,
    1
  14030. Lol
    1
  14031. Especially this battle that included SS Division Hitlerjugend and Volksgrenadier regiments who were recruiting children as young as 12.
    1
  14032. Not only were they operational, they were operating in the pacific. https://youtu.be/tMrYmy4pabc
    1
  14033. From the Todd family you mean? She has no living descendants. There is a lot of disagreement there, and much of it is obscured because he destroyed his mother's correspondence. But there does seem to have been some, very understandable given the tragedies she faced in life, erratic behavior that he was addressing. I don't take a side in that dispute, but I think it a stretch to say that he was looking for personal gain of some sort.
    1
  14034. Ginger Bush exactly what spurred their falling out is an enduring mystery, and Robert actively sought to hide the matter. I guess that it is impossible to know whether that was to protect him or her. But is is certainly telling that she had to sneak a letter out to her attorneys to essentially embarrass Robert to the point that he allowed her out of the asylum to live with her sister. (Possibly the family connection is through her sister?) It seems so tragic that she and Robert estranged, after all her losses.
    1
  14035. Our stats showed that people were tuning out.
    1
  14036. Other two what?
    1
  14037. That is a fair comment- Malta voluntarily became a crown colony following the 1798 - 1800 siege.
    1
  14038. That is all my collection, and I am happy to talk about any bit if you have a question. The hats are a collection- I collect mostly vintage military peaked caps. A few are reproductions. I got the skull at a second hand store. It isn't crystal, it is hollow and glass, very like the old power-line insulators. It appears to have been made as a hat or wig display. It is not a liquor bottle as some have assumed (the bottom is open.) It is awesome though- I wish I could find another one. The submarine is the U-96. My wife's great uncle built it. He has more submarines than he has room, so he gave it to me. I am doing a series on my hats exclusive for patrons on Patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy.
    1
  14039. I am suave. ;)
    1
  14040. My friend Bill over at Bills Channel has a great video on the Mothman, and we did a tie in episode: https://youtu.be/Ke70GDNyo-Y
    1
  14041. I make no judgements on Governor Palin, but 1: she did not actually say that, Tina Fey did, and 2: yes, you can see Russia from Alaska: https://www.cntraveler.com/story/yes-you-can-actually-see-russia-from-alaska
    1
  14042. Even worse- the runway ended at a village.
    1
  14043. Thank you! And thanks for sharing the story!
    1
  14044. The Bow Tie fans would revolt.
    1
  14045. I did an episode on the CAP for patrons on Patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  14046. https://youtu.be/_Uu6GULBKVM?si=hNObPXPQtEYptdIm
    1
  14047. Yup. PO Box 1473, O'Fallon, IL 62269
    1
  14048. I have not. Maybe sometime.
    1
  14049. I believe they were sincere. But, in the end, even the vast majority of those who voted "dry" realized that it was a policy mistake.
    1
  14050. I am glad that you like my episode on Belle Gunness. But you really should ask before shamelessly stealing another creator’s content.
    1
  14051. This channel is simply lazy. You take other people's research, cobble it together and call it your own, and pretend that is "Fair Use." That is the opposite of fair, it is cheating. Do the work yourselves. Just to clarify to everyone here, the part of my work that was used was not done with my permission. I was not even asked.
    1
  14052. Howland Owlle as photographs of actual events are not always available, we often use other photographs and film for illustration purposes. We do not purport that all the media included is from Chicago. The short clip of film was intended only to show automobiles and traffic of the period.
    1
  14053. Howland Owlle is picking nits a hobby or a profession?
    1
  14054. One f the famed "Tsavo lions" took eight shots to bring down. Their hide is very thick, and they could have been withstanding hits from muskets.
    1
  14055. What on earth are you talking about? This is a real historical event, accurately described.
    1
  14056. Yeah, the anti-bow tiers don’t intimidate me. ;). My audience would be aghast if I made a video without one.
    1
  14057. We don't aim for politics right or left. I have not, in general, been able to perceive any obvious political bias in the Magellan offerings.
    1
  14058. Many thanks!
    1
  14059. https://youtu.be/H6IlLm-Jwi4
    1
  14060. Linguists will tell you that place names are particularly subject to shortening. Worcestershire has been ravaged by both vowel reduction- the tendency to drop unstressed vowels,-and haplology -the tendency to drop a syllable when it is similar to the syllable next to it. The real issue is that printing, probably on maps, retained the original spelling long after it was pronounced differently. I watch Jeopardy often. Some days I am the next Ken Jennings. Some days I am the guy who is -$10,000 before Final Jeopardy.
    1
  14061. We do curate playlists
    1
  14062. Wow, your mother was around in 1848?
    1
  14063. Michael Dougfir I have not- but there are a few shorts on the Facebook page. Www.facebook.com/fiveminutesofhistory
    1
  14064. They had many more adventures, but were most often used as infantry.
    1
  14065. It is called "Highway Wildflowers."
    1
  14066. I misspoke. I apologize.
    1
  14067. It is called "Highway Wildflowers" and is from the YouTube royalty-free library.
    1
  14068. Thank you!
    1
  14069. Thanks and welcome
    1
  14070. Chris Robinson there are no known pictures of the sinking of the Shokoku. Please see the pinned comment at the top.
    1
  14071. Yes, the last battle is certainly on my list.
    1
  14072. https://youtu.be/E2383ElpU4U
    1
  14073. Vinegar Joe Stillwell and Frank Merrill both visited and offered services, although that was just advice. Both were if the opinion that the battle would end soon, as the escapees were, by then, hungry, thirsty, exhausted and trapped. The troops were actually Marines from Treasure Island, whose largest role was guarding the other prisoners. As D block was being bombarded Stroud both helped to close some cell doors to protect prisoners inside and yelling up to guards that the escapees had retreated to another part of the prison. That saved the prisoners of D block more bombardment, and possibly saved lives.
    1
  14074. I don't change the speed of my videos, no. I do tend to talk fast,
    1
  14075. I have a few topics in mind regarding the mutiny that I am sure we'll get to. This was during the Mutiny: https://youtu.be/FYEHtrt9Fzc
    1
  14076. For the most part supplies were ordered ahead and collected at railway stations.
    1
  14077. The largest change was adding the section to more clearly define the risk of the warhead detonating. In the first version several viewers complained that I made it sound too likely that there could have been a nuclear detonation.
    1
  14078. Purportedly they stuck close to the records of events and worked with the Brest museum to maintain accuracy.
    1
  14079. Yup. That’s my life- constantly upstaged by the cats.
    1
  14080. We hope to hold some local events when the virus allows.
    1
  14081. Thank you for your service!
    1
  14082. Certainly something happened. Even if it was just wolves and society made it into something else based on tensions of the time, it still happened.
    1
  14083. Eric Hutton the radar was in “locked-on” mode that made it ignore all signals but the target. Northrup released a statement saying that it would not have been possible to see the DC-7 on the F-89’s scope.
    1
  14084. https://youtu.be/DvE03k7t2d4
    1
  14085. SightSeer that was not intentional- friends were calling me the history guy years before Mr Nye was on television. I didn’t start with the bow tie, I just wore one one episode and viewers liked it. We don’t see any conflict, in that we are not a children’s show and not trying to copy his format.
    1
  14086. I agree, likely much of the artillery that allied troops attributed to “88s” were 155 rounds.
    1
  14087. Actually, that is an urban myth. The Nova sold well in Latin America and “Nova” is pronounced differently than “No Va.”. https://www.motorbiscuit.com/fact-myth-chevy-nova-no-go-spanish-name-killed-sales-latin-america/
    1
  14088. Happens frequently
    1
  14089. Halloween III. The worst of the Halloween sequels...
    1
  14090. I will
    1
  14091. To be fair, lynching was recognized by millions of people to be morally wrong even in 1919.
    1
  14092. raymondkoonce the “version” of history is supported by facts. These events did happen- they weren’t made up to fit some agenda. And while I agree that we err when we judge historical motivations by contemporary sensibilities, this relativism can only go so far. Murder was wrong in 1919.
    1
  14093. and a lot of help from our friends at SteadyRain.
    1
  14094. Absolutely the term encompasses environmental harms and health hazards.
    1
  14095. Weesel71 specifically, the success of the U-151 class spurred the development of the Type U-139 “U-cruisers.”
    1
  14096. Thank you!
    1
  14097. It is history that has had the affairs, far more than we have covered.
    1
  14098. The short bit of film showing mooring is the Akron.
    1
  14099. Actually less than 20,000 engaged at Mansfield. Interesting battle though.
    1
  14100. Grandpa?
    1
  14101. That is very sad. I had not heard that- thanks for sharing!
    1
  14102. The intensity of an earthquake is primarily determined by how it was felt by people and damage done to buildings, not by "detectors.." Thus, the intensity of historical earthquakes can be deduced by both contemporary reports and archaeological evidence.
    1
  14103. Daniel Helgenberger those are fair points, everyone else seemed to think the French would prevail, so why would Bismarck be so confident? But he did have to know that even pushing for unification would provoke the French. The most common opinion is that he deliberately provoked Napoleon, knowing that if he could goad France into attacking first, that would guarantee the Southern states would join with Prussia. That would give the numerical superiority that gave him confidence that he would win the war. This really might be post-war rationalization, but, in any case, it certainly worked out as if he’d planned it that way. In fact, the war occurred during a complex period in Europe, and you are correct that it is unfair, and certainly overly simplistic, to describe the war as some deliberate machination of Bismarck.
    1
  14104. Its me- one of those AI face swap things. Best one ever...
    1
  14105. So do I
    1
  14106. Yes.
    1
  14107. Actually, his complaint was that targeting Con Ed wasn’t getting enough attention.
    1
  14108. Indeed.
    1
  14109. There were actually five kids. He was the father, the woman who acted as his secretary was their mother. It isn't clear whether it was all to avoid prosecution or whether he was truly transgender. I am stuck with whatever images I can find in the public domain. The pictures are generally illustrative, not exact.
    1
  14110. Not at all! I don't mind corrections in the least. One reason for the channel was to spark good conversation.
    1
  14111. Reportedly there is a project in the works. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4703374/
    1
  14112. Or will be tomorrow. Interesting times…
    1
  14113. At least one reference said the boat was named after the town, which was incorporated in 1858, but you (and a few other commenting) are probably correct that it was named after the sound. Charlotte was important during the war for several reasons. It was briefly the headquarters of Jefferson Davis and his cabinet in 1865 after the fall of Richmond, making it the unofficial capital from April 19 until Davis adjourned the government on May 5.
    1
  14114.  @milkywayan2232  Confederate shipbuilding was largely decentralized. As coastal ports were taken by the federals, many navy yards were moved inland where ironwork could be done and shipped by rail. The Charlotte navy yard was established after Norfolk fell to the Union in 1862. There is a good discussion here: https://civilwarnavy.com/confederate-navy-yards-stations/
    1
  14115. I have not yet.
    1
  14116. Yes, it was clearly a play on the company from Ayn Rand's novel. it appears that may have been part of the scam- a way to help hook investors.
    1
  14117. LOL, honestly I have never seen an episode. But I could, on Netflix, in the US, using my Nord VPN.
    1
  14118. Rick DeClue do a web search for “narco tank.”
    1
  14119. William Horsley I am not responsible for the ads, which are managed by Google.
    1
  14120. $11.1 million in 1928 dollars. An inflation calculator makes that $178,060,877 in 2021 dollars.
    1
  14121. It is a strange etymology.
    1
  14122. History and Animals https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGgcLBqQycd5m99rSh4MEUyA
    1
  14123. There is already a different "History Gal" on YouTube (her channel is worth a look.) We aren't sure whether we are going to spin off a channel or just have her host here periodically.
    1
  14124. We can only strive for such.
    1
  14125. Under 42 U.S.C. § 213, active service in the U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps is considered active military service. Second, under a memorandum of understanding between the two agencies, officers of the USPHSCC assigned to the Coast Guard are treated as officers of the Coast Guard.
    1
  14126. Thank you!
    1
  14127. I would certainly be amenable to it.
    1
  14128. chas sisom on naval guns the caliber refers to barrel length. 14”/45 caliber means the bore has a fourteen inch diameter and the barrel is 630 inches- forty-five times the bore. The barrel on the 14”/50 caliber guns of the Tennessee class were 700 inches, fifty times the bore. That is explained in the episode at 1:40.
    1
  14129. I think the criticism has to do with things that were revealed throughout the war. To maintain neutrality Ireland censored shocking revelations regarding German behavior. To be clear, though, these are criticisms that have been serious points of discussion since, not criticisms that I am personally levelling. I make no judgement of Ireland's position- history is history.
    1
  14130. It is a complex story, but the family still denies that it was a hoax
    1
  14131. This was not an episode on all the reason for the decline of the automobile industry in Michigan. Yes, labor concerns were certainly part of what drive the industry to decentralize manufacturing.
    1
  14132. I wouldn't say the issue of limited knowledge of history is limited to Yanks. The significance of July 4th is here: https://youtu.be/UQC2mDnW9mw
    1
  14133. Graeme Williams that makes me very sad.
    1
  14134. His actions in Haiti were a response to a specific situation. Yes, he opposed slavery.
    1
  14135. It is obviously up to you, but at less than $9 a month I get more out of Blinkist than Netflix.
    1
  14136. Battleships have always been tools of imperialism. That was generally the point that Alfred Thayer Mahan made when his theories advocating for him were widely adopted by world powers.
    1
  14137. Christopher Sinks we had, by then, repatriated a couple hundred thousand German POWs. I don’t know why he would be any different.
    1
  14138. https://youtu.be/ccjKdCp9TZo
    1
  14139. Thank you for your service!
    1
  14140. Correct- the Strategic Air Command was reorganized away.
    1
  14141. Yes, definitely on the list.
    1
  14142. Not in this case- but it sure seems like it could have.
    1
  14143. Yes, that was actually part of the joke.
    1
  14144. He has tried
    1
  14145. Correct. that was my mistake.
    1
  14146. I do not. Respectfully, Herodotus used the term Palestine to refer to the area of the former Kingdom of Canaan in the 5th century BC. At the time of the Seleucid conquest, Palestine was the common name used. Roman Judea constituted part of that area.
    1
  14147. Well, it is a crime to steal an airplane, and a crime to land one on a New York City street...
    1
  14148. Not deliberately…
    1
  14149.  @mqbitsko25  Yeah, that's Okies for ya.
    1
  14150. That might have been the result of the draft, large increase in personnel, and abbreviated training. Apparently, there were times that the gunners were confused and thought they were supposed to shoot at the plane.
    1
  14151. The Great Dominion they were also doing low altitude towing for AA artillery. For aircraft, they did abbreviate training. We had so many deaths to training accidents that it would not be surprising.
    1
  14152.  @thatcatholicsaintsguy609  sadly, we are no longer together.
    1
  14153. Correct, operated as the Tupolev TU-4
    1
  14154. I misspoke. I apologize.
    1
  14155. In the 1850s it was Victoria colony.
    1
  14156. It is a pennant for the 17th Lancers.
    1
  14157. No
    1
  14158. CakeWheat I collect vintage peaked caps. I am doing a series based on the collection for patrons on Patreon. Www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  14159. Not deliberate.
    1
  14160.  @dbzfan4438  I personally find that theory to be unlikely.
    1
  14161.  @ronaldschoolcraft8654  the authors of those articles do assume both an evolutionary link to the hominid apes via a common ancestor and a step evolution of humanity. I respectfully disagree with your assessment of evolution. I can’t make episodes around everyone’s various beliefs. But I can say, I think the fact that clearly our closest genetic relatives focus so much on sleep is instructive regarding how important that sleep technology would have been to prehistoric humans, regardless of your opinions about the evolutionary links between us.
    1
  14162. That is not actually a Salvation Army hat, but a hat from the Royal Military Academy at Sandhurst. It never occurred to me before how similar the two look.
    1
  14163. I have not yet.
    1
  14164. I have not yet.
    1
  14165. We'll arrange a meet and greet for locals.
    1
  14166. I am doing a series on my hat collection exclusive for patrons on Patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  14167. Obviously this is not a history of early aviation, which would far exceed the scope of our short history format..
    1
  14168. That was a 1990 made for TV movie called Miracle Landing with Connie Sellecca and Wayne Rogers. It was praised for its technical accuracy, but I think the FBI storyline was exaggerated.
    1
  14169. They got out of hand. that was the first time I have ever disabled comments.
    1
  14170. That is an interesting question.
    1
  14171. All points made in the video
    1
  14172. Jim Hagen the sound issues seem to be related to the playback device. But I have changed microphones since this episode was produced.
    1
  14173. Jeff & Connie Conger not yet, except for a brief mention in this episode: https://youtu.be/79s6HSu_Ij8
    1
  14174. And yet they accounted for several air to air kills in Vietnam, were used for fighter cover for anti-submarine missions, and were so formidable as a dogfifghter that they were used to train dogfighting at the United States Navy Fighter Weapons School. It was defined, officially, as "A Light Attack Multirole Carrierborne Figher Aircraft." I don't know why people have the name so wrapped around their axle given that I said specifically that the Marines used the plane for close air support, but I correctly described the plane. The difference between a strike fighter, a fighter bomber, and an attack aircraft is negligible. The A-4 was not designed exclusively for ground attack, but as a multirole platform that did, historically, play fighter roles.
    1
  14175. Antonio Guerrero I apologize that you are so upset by a trivial point. The plane’s official designation was “light attack multirole carrierborne fighter aircraft.” It was more than a shoe.
    1
  14176. The legal story was interesting. They had to have their congressman intervene twice, and ended up with a lot of the money going to legal fees. The Air Force was bizarrely parsimonious given the accident- arguing, for example, over the number of chickens. The settlement was not insubstantial, but not near replacement costs. They ended up selling the land and moving into town.
    1
  14177. Every time I was on camera. that is closets THG does to wardrobe changes...
    1
  14178. Great story! Thanks!
    1
  14179. It is. https://youtu.be/75RVHe8KJTk
    1
  14180. Some issue between YT and Rumble cut off the feed. We’ll try to catch up uploads as we can.
    1
  14181. Guderian’s report was based on an incident when the Pomorska Cavalry Brigade was attempting to escape encirclement. Guderian’s troops apparently mistook attempts to escape through armored vehicles as an attack.
    1
  14182. phoebephoebo .sydney the long “a” was the completion of the great vowel shift. The pronunciation in the time of Chaucer would likely have been a broad “a,” (as in father) in Shakespeare’s time a short “a,” (as in cat) and the long “a “- “tomayto” in modern English. That pronunciation carried to the colonies. The affectation that changed pronunciation in England occurred after independence and was not largely adopted in the United States. In this case, the US pronunciation is an older form than the British.
    1
  14183. I meant no disrespect. The Canadian contribution in World War II was significant and brave, as it was in World War One.
    1
  14184. Ian Brannan not at all. It is an absolutely fair complaint.
    1
  14185. I have seen it stated both ways, but the actual definition of the term says nothing about ceiling, and incorporates the visibility, cloud and weather groups. https://www.skybrary.aero/index.php/Meteorological_Terminal_Air_Report_(METAR)
    1
  14186. Thank you!
    1
  14187. I plan to do more Canadian history.
    1
  14188. https://youtu.be/l_QUXAl9d4I?si=I_QpYY5dN0gBJv-9
    1
  14189. Thank you!
    1
  14190. It is a fair complaint, and we may do an episode at some point.
    1
  14191. Good thing though, as the footage is public domain.
    1
  14192. https://youtu.be/-Mbu96NaWkg
    1
  14193. I disagree. I think that the importance that the hominid apes put into their beds is highly relevant to the hunan history on the subject.
    1
  14194. The cost was listed by the Marines and reported in the news at the time.
    1
  14195. Sorry for your loss.
    1
  14196. Just the opposite. When you are doing 20th century content is far more likely content is still under copy. Most of what you list would be theft for me to use.
    1
  14197. So do I.
    1
  14198. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/pronunciation/english/herb
    1
  14199. Actually two. This one is Strudel, about 24 weeks old and, by chance, in a cuddling mood when I was filming the conclusion. Her brother Poky elected not to be filmed, as he was busy scratching things he shouldn't.
    1
  14200. Take a picture and send it to us!
    1
  14201. https://youtu.be/361AL2pJkmQ
    1
  14202. Kiyoshi Kirishima not right or wrong, but European versus American fork etiquette. European style the knife is held in the right hand and the fork in the left. When the food is cut, the food is conveyed directly to the mouth with the left had. American style, the fork is conveyed back to the right hand before being taken to the mouth. It is not so much a rule that upsets people, it is merely a clue that you are not a native- the sort of thing he had to be conscious of so as to avoid attention. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eating_utensil_etiquette
    1
  14203. While I did abbreviate the process, the quality of magnetic recording prior to the war was generally bad, and was rarely used. The German development was to reduce gain, thus producing far better recording quality. That technology did not reach the US until German equipment was found and brought to the US by audio engineerJack Mullin in 1945.
    1
  14204. We get a large number of suggestions, and we do appreciate them, but we can't give any timeline for when a particular topic may be made into an episode..
    1
  14205. The design is generic enough to make the origin somewhat unclear. An ice cream fork, for example, is very sporkish. But yes, the name was a US trademark, and there are multiple US patents for tined spoons.
    1
  14206. It is a old map. My sons gave it to me for Father's Day.
    1
  14207. https://youtu.be/pN1uWf2_t_g
    1
  14208. Possibly.
    1
  14209. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjHocDwS2eaAFP-P21cc7MV
    1
  14210. I might talk about the New Zealand Land Wars- it was quite a long and interesting set of conflicts with many god stories. Much of the drive came from the land displacements of the musket wars. Yes, the Maori pronunciations are particularly difficult.
    1
  14211. It was a sign of respect.
    1
  14212. Not in the Public Domain.
    1
  14213. It is not so pretzel- like. The Coast Guard had both the correct types of craft and the relevant experience. But there was a further motive. As the Coast Guard was minimally involved in the Korean War, there was a concern that if they were left-out of another war, their status as an independent branch might be in jeopardy.
    1
  14214. From my quick research, it looks like the teacher of the youngest children in New Harmony in the 20's and 30's used Pestalozzi's method. Their school system predated Froebel's term Kindergarten and his method of teaching. Maybe it would be more precise to say they had the first pre-school system.
    1
  14215. Not 3000 new one’s a week. More than 3000 on MagellanTV and new ones added every week. Of course “good” is subjective, but I have enjoyed every one so far.
    1
  14216. Thank you! We will research the topic.
    1
  14217. Does look a lot like him.
    1
  14218. I never know why we get thumbs down, but I suspect on this one it may have to do with me making a Patreon appeal, as there is some backlash to the platform at the moment.
    1
  14219. Simply put, describing the argument made as "vague pseudo scientific intersex nonsense" requires a stunningly dishonest representation of the evidence. History is history and facts are facts. The evidence both that these are Pulaski's remains and that they represent an individual with congenital adrenal hyperplasia are actually quite compelling. It would be "pseudo-science" to fail to note this evidence because you, for no reason that I can comprehend, have decided that these facts somehow "taint" the general's reputation. To be clear, this is a fair and science based discussion of facts as we understand them, they do not, as I specifically said, sully the general in any way, and I will not apologize for presenting facts simply because some viewers choose to irrationally be offended by reality. I do suggest that you attempt to track down the 2019 episode of Smithsonian's America's Hidden Stories that lays out the evidence. Any fair appraisal will come to two indisputable conclusions 1: the argument is based on sound and accepted science advanced by credible scientists with no apparent agenda, and 2: nobody involved in the investigation has ever sought to "taint" the general's reputation. This is a history channel, not a politics channel, I strive to present the history as accurately as possible without political agenda, and I will never apologize for presenting historical fact. That is as History Guy as it gets. Yes, I will continue to present the facts as best we know them. That will be done again- over and over.
    1
  14220. There was never money in the soap- that all went to shills.
    1
  14221. https://youtu.be/eMGog4QJsIs?si=MqQ7ByHKmsF757g4
    1
  14222. That is Pookie. He was a great friend.
    1
  14223. But he never owned slaves himself.
    1
  14224. Thank you for you service!
    1
  14225. USS Pharris (FF-1094)
    1
  14226. I had not heard that. Thanks for sharing!
    1
  14227. The rail infrastructure was removed during the 1990s. The former station is a retail and public events space.
    1
  14228. Fair point- I checked out several videos and the name was pronounced both ways, but I'll take your word for which one is correct. I am sorry for the error.
    1
  14229. Thank you!
    1
  14230. Absolutely the mastering of fire is an invention, and one of the most important in human history.
    1
  14231.  @organicsoulgumbo  no other animal has mastered fire, which we use for enormous purpose. We didn’t just discover the element of fire, we invented the means to create and harness it.
    1
  14232. tygrkhat40 the newspaper being quoted apparently published only between 1921-1939.
    1
  14233. Her name is Lucky Star, and she is a chonk.
    1
  14234. I apologize for the error
    1
  14235. Fastest all UK designed and built. More modern planes like the Tornado and the Typhoon were multinational projects.
    1
  14236. It is believed that contact is still possible with Pioneer 6,7 and 8. Pioneer 9 has definitely malfunctioned. The others were all lost in various ways.
    1
  14237. It was actually Yugoslavia, which had a coup. It is not clear, though, if that was the reason for the delay. Most historians agree, however, that the delay had little effect on the outcome.
    1
  14238. Boiled Egg I have actually avoided it. It is very interesting history, to be sure. But it is still very controversial.
    1
  14239. Boiled Egg lol-if I say it was, or wasn’t, or might have been I’ll still upset a lot of people.
    1
  14240. It was an interesting Cold War event. I will do more research.
    1
  14241. acchaladka lol apparently I did it wrong...
    1
  14242. I am not an expert beyond the research for the episode, but based on the explanation for the accident I don't suspect that, no. The system depended upon the signalmen alerting the trains- when that process broke down, I don't think that engine smoke would have made a difference.
    1
  14243. szndm that was losses for the entire Army Air Force during the war- so it represents all sorts of aircraft, and transportation accidents as well as training accidents.
    1
  14244. Hoyvin that is another episode.
    1
  14245. LOL, I appreciate the support, hut that is not my ambition.
    1
  14246. Dixie Clipper was most famous for transporting FDR, but it also started the transatlantic passenger service. There is a great story here, including interviews with former crew: http://articles.latimes.com/1989-06-25/travel/tr-6064_1_crew-members-flight-passengers
    1
  14247. Awesome!
    1
  14248. Yes, I explain in the episode that the medal could be given retroactively, and that this was the earliest medal by date of action.
    1
  14249. https://youtu.be/_dQzYdFY_w4?si=FURG354ocRnqtm_D
    1
  14250.  @davidrox4591  the video was posted January 13, 2018.
    1
  14251. That depends where you live in Missouri. I know many locals who disagree with you.
    1
  14252. LOl are you saying I am not bright or young now? The picture of me in front of the Tiger in the Star Trek shirt was actually taken in 2015. Have five years treated me that harshly? ;)
    1
  14253. I honestly did not know that was happening.
    1
  14254. While the general concept today is that Churchill’s “few” meant fighter command, the context of the speech makes it clear that he was speaking just as much about bomber command.
    1
  14255. Nothing was dumbed down, a few photos were switched out.
    1
  14256. You are correct, September 25, 1978. Another terrible story. Yes, I may well do an episode on that accident.
    1
  14257. Thank you!
    1
  14258. I agree. The way it attacked was characteristic of a large feline.
    1
  14259. Lol- not in my house…
    1
  14260. We don't have it as merchandise. Our Business manager made it out of a T-shirt.
    1
  14261. https://youtu.be/5DLKI4VltuE
    1
  14262. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGg7CHyA7KLcyiTjVmdWZS5j. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGiZ2p4wJSMiDT5OgwyXDmiQ. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGghMPvdrbWROqRnLwQIaulR https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjy_BjpJeShaLV7rLrAiFnr. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjdbiao9U9ZgbDlR-1L8uw_
    1
  14263. Did you watch the episode?
    1
  14264. I have seen it both ways, but the "C" refers to the METAR measurement for clouds. https://www.fltplan.com/abbreviations.htm
    1
  14265. You are flatly incorrect in terms of the War of 1812, even Wellington said the war was lost. The British attempted three invasions, two were soundly defeated, one had mild success before withdrawing, I am not sure how you describe that as a "win." As to the terminology, I think that you will find that the trend about which you complain is quite common. It is not surprising that both sides in a war think their cause is just.
    1
  14266. Thank you!
    1
  14267. Waterloo was in 1815, Krakatoa erupted in 1883. I believe the story you mean is how the 1815 eruption of Tambora affected the Battle, and that story is in this video.
    1
  14268. We have a person who corrects transcripts, but it takes time.
    1
  14269. That is still a civil war.
    1
  14270. You are correct, my mistake. He had starred opposite Marlene Dietrich earlier in Angel.
    1
  14271. That is actually an RMA Sandhurst hat.
    1
  14272. That is a great topic! Thanks!
    1
  14273. http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2014/10/last-1000-years-families-owned-england/#:~:text=However%2C%20as%20dramatic%20as%20that,of%20those%20early%20Norman%20conquerors.&text=By%20the%20turn%20of%20the,%2DSaxon%2C%20Danish%20and%20Norman.
    1
  14274. Wow! I would like to have seen it!
    1
  14275. Possibly- we have only done a couple of brief behind the scenes sorts of videos. While we have talked about doing bibliographies, it is a whole lot of effort, and we simply can't justify the time.
    1
  14276. The 13th Airborne never did make it into combat.
    1
  14277. Wilson's conviction was for passing counterfeit money, a federal crime. NYT story on his pardon here: https://www.nytimes.com/1896/08/29/archives/mercy-for-a-sin-of-youth-the-president-pardons-an-escaped-convict.html
    1
  14278. This video was released early to our patrons and members.
    1
  14279. I meant no disrespect. I am sorry if I caused offense.
    1
  14280. Battle stars were a commendation unique to US Navy warships. They were not for merely being present- they were awarded for for meritorious participation in battle, or for having suffered damage during battle conditions.
    1
  14281. The real pressed fiber helmets come up on eBay now and again. The newer versions made of molded polyurethane are still produced and available from several retailers.
    1
  14282. There is a lot to say about the Akron, and I will likely do an episode some day, yes.
    1
  14283. anonymous person Yes, that is on my list. Really interesting gizmo.
    1
  14284. Thanks! Wish I had one 18 times bigger...
    1
  14285. Nobody steps on a church in my town!
    1
  14286. Nasser Qabanji he certainly did not want to convert to Christianity. There seems to be historical disagreement, however, whether he was himself Muslim or Animist.
    1
  14287. Thanks! Fixed.
    1
  14288. Thank you!
    1
  14289. Essentially a welfare check.
    1
  14290. The German plan was called Operation Pelikan.
    1
  14291. 32 is correct.
    1
  14292. Most likely yes.
    1
  14293. It would have been an oddly large one.
    1
  14294. Lol
    1
  14295. While it was an operation in two parts, even the Imperial War Museum agrees that “Operation Market Garden” is a correct term. https://www.iwm.org.uk/history/the-story-of-operation-market-garden-in-photos
    1
  14296. It is a reproduction. It purports to be a Civil War Union staff officer saber.
    1
  14297. We have not done an episode on him yet, but it is definitely on our list. It is a great story!
    1
  14298. I was just there again last month. The pictures inside are all original. You can look through the periscope.
    1
  14299. Ian Brannan I’ll get to it- there is an awful lot of history to do.
    1
  14300. You go far fewer miles in five hours with two engines than in four hours with four engines. Five hours would not have gotten them home on two engines. The spinning propeller was also a killer- because of the vibration they could not operate at optimal speed or altitude for fuel consumption. They did not have enough fuel to make it to land on two engines with the drag of the uncontrolled propeller.
    1
  14301. xXSir.CrazeXx we’ve done several episodes on Canadian history, and will certainly have some WWII stories out sometime.
    1
  14302. https://hoover.blogs.archives.gov/2019/12/04/viva-hoover-exhibit-but-whats-that-thing-that-looks-like-a-clock/
    1
  14303.  @steveshoemaker6347  I mentioned Lock and Company because they invented the bowler, (they call it a "Coke" hat) and have been making hats since 1676 and been operating from 6 St James's street since 1765. Always a pleasure to meet another fan of haberdashery. https://youtu.be/AKV0kFCnWbs
    1
  14304. We have four cats. Yes, we lost Pookie in June, but were already in the process of adopting kittens, including Strudel, who was kind enough to join me for the conclusion of the episode.
    1
  14305. LOL they said it was pretty smelly after a few days.
    1
  14306. Sponsors pay the employees...
    1
  14307. I’ll ask about the code
    1
  14308. Barrett Keller that is a fair comment. Nordwind gets less credit than it is due.
    1
  14309. Yup- they renumbered the street to create a fictional address.
    1
  14310. I did not see any contemporary documents that used the word. That was an assertion that appeared to come out in 1929. At that time, there were no apparent references to original documents.
    1
  14311. That was actually Hubert Latham in 1909. The story of the first successful ocean "ditching" is in this episode: https://youtu.be/hcVnByFS7n8
    1
  14312. Ryan Cargill that is Pan Am flight 6. https://youtu.be/FqRAOvz71B0
    1
  14313. While the Atlas Obscura article was in 2020, the discovery referenced was made by a team led by David Bailey in 1989, and first published in 1991.
    1
  14314. Her name is Lucky.
    1
  14315. He was very impressed. The purring was palpable.
    1
  14316. Facebook is not required. To become a patron, go to www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy.
    1
  14317. I never heard of them- I was just using pictures of Piper Navajos.
    1
  14318. Edward Wyer.
    1
  14319.  @neilgershon928  https://forvo.com/word/graf_spee/
    1
  14320. Sonny Burnett actually the accounts from the people who were firing overwhelmingly say they did not see any targets at all.
    1
  14321. I have no idea why you are talking about “liberals” nor what “take” offends you. This is a historical overview of how the scandal was seen at the time. There have always been disagreements over the severity of the offense, but the disciplinary actions were taken by NASA.
    1
  14322. I disagree. There is substantive difference between a federal republic and a direct democracy, and that is specifically what allowed the 1824 "corrupt bargain." That is historical reality relevant to the episode. There is nothing to "correct." The description in the episode is accurate.
    1
  14323. That would be in your playback, not on our end.
    1
  14324. We have not found an alternative yet. While I share some of the concerns, in my opinion the boycott is hurting creators more than it hurts Patreon.
    1
  14325. Flagstaff is in the mountains. It might not be Canada, but it does get quite cold.
    1
  14326. Sadly, there is no longer a Mrs History Guy.
    1
  14327. The cyclically ruining his life by drinking a lot of alcohol was a dead giveaway.
    1
  14328. Why is that funny? The Wright R-1820-97 “Cyclone” engine was a turbosupercharged radial engine.
    1
  14329. Yes- many more empires to cover.
    1
  14330. I used the terminology used by the papers reporting it at the time. “Robbery” is what it was called. The term “bank burglary” is simply not commonly used.
    1
  14331. That is my office, and it was like that long before I started a YouTube channel. I have collected vintage military caps for years.
    1
  14332. Nope. We'll have a guide. I am the celebrity entertainment.
    1
  14333. That was my error- they are 650 inches long.
    1
  14334. It was an early episode- I actually didn't start with the bow tie. I just wore one once and viewers responded.
    1
  14335. One with a rich culinary history.
    1
  14336. I have quite a few that are not US history.
    1
  14337. I apologize for the error
    1
  14338. Thank you! And I do enjoy my hat collection.
    1
  14339. I did misspeak. Sorry!
    1
  14340. Another story for another time...
    1
  14341. Oh yes.
    1
  14342. It is not. It is a hybrid that is elliptical at the base and conical at the nose. The term in airplane mechanics is, in fact, "coniptical." You can see it mentioned here in the FAA report on the accident: https://web.archive.org/web/20150104105758/http://lessonslearned.faa.gov/ll_main.cfm?TabID=1&LLID=40&LLTypeID=2
    1
  14343. Thank you!
    1
  14344. She wasn't sleepy at all- I think she was just happy to be held.
    1
  14345. Mr Anonomous thank you!
    1
  14346. The Battle of Lissa is generally considered to be the first major sea battle between ironclad warships. The difference is that these were ocean-going ironclads, whereas Monitor and Virginia, and the other battles between ironclads during the US Civil War, were not ocean-going, but littoral vessels.
    1
  14347. Thank you!
    1
  14348. And the Japanese moved to conquer both. The Dutch East Indies were particularly important for their petroleum.
    1
  14349. https://youtu.be/b0BGKApnjns
    1
  14350. I left out the story of Dr Snow and the Broad Street pump- which he largely identified because the workers at the Brewery did not fall ill. While interesting, people did not largely accept his conclusions, and so it did not affect decision making. But yes, it is a good lesson. Drink beer instead of water and you wont get cholera.
    1
  14351. There are a few short videos about some of them on my Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/FiveMinutesofHistory/ I am doing a series on the hat collection exclusive for patrons on Patreon: www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy.
    1
  14352. Not yet....
    1
  14353. The guy in charge of the ground crew is still ground crew.
    1
  14354. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zSvYxH6gqMc
    1
  14355. Photos on the History Guy are int the Public Domain and are generally for illustrative purposes only, as photos of the actual events are frequently not available. In this episode there is a photo of an English troop train, and one of the accident photos is of an accident in Paris.
    1
  14356. Eek!
    1
  14357. There were actually a lot of those border disputes- history that deserves to be remembered.
    1
  14358. I am doing a series on the hats on patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  14359. Literally none of what you just said matches the after action report.
    1
  14360. Sorry- that is not the case. Mercury is not tidally locked, although its rotational period is tidally coupled to its orbital period, thus rotating only one and a half times during each orbit. Rather, Mercury is able to sustain ice near the surface due to its axis of rotation, which keeps the polar areas in permanent shadow.
    1
  14361. The Palomares incident. https://youtu.be/yIrSBmG46n8
    1
  14362. https://youtu.be/7_VsvCY1buc
    1
  14363. I make it very clear many times in the video that his record is one of the USAAF.
    1
  14364. Thanks for having me! It was a great time for a great cause!
    1
  14365. No
    1
  14366. I always heard that about Michigan. Two seasons: winter and mosquitos.
    1
  14367. X-MISMA-X LOL no- there is just one hour a day when Pitcairn is in sunlight and no other British territory is.
    1
  14368. X-MISMA-X the Island has been struck hard by illnesses in the past, and medical care depended on visiting ships. Since 1997 they have had a medical center with a nurse. Since 2004 Britain has provided a physician full time.
    1
  14369. Henderson Island is one of the Pitcairn Islands, along with Pitcairn, Ducie, and Oeno.
    1
  14370. https://youtu.be/kRQE8egD1y0
    1
  14371. peter johansson thank you.
    1
  14372. I bought it online from a place I cannot recommend.
    1
  14373. LOL or turned the film green at least.
    1
  14374. Likely yes, the sharks got them. The radar theory essentially suggested that they were disoriented by the microwaves. But there has never been any evidence that they were using any experimental radar.
    1
  14375. It was not. Despite the similarity, the film was actually released two years before the crash of Pan Am flight 6.
    1
  14376. I do make errors. When I do, i try call them out in the notes.
    1
  14377. To be fair, it was a stretch to think that could possibly cause one of the retrorockets to fire. These were young men, new to their jobs, and radio technicians, not nuclear bomb technicians.
    1
  14378. RZU 147 it takes time to submerge, and the damage to the con meant they couldn’t submerge without flooding.
    1
  14379. Yes, there is a picture in the episode.
    1
  14380. The pilot was missing an eye, yes. i left it out of the episode because neither he nor the FAA indicated that it affected the situation or landing. Landing on the levee was a feat by any standard.
    1
  14381. True.
    1
  14382. Same guy
    1
  14383. 1909. We'll probably do an episode on that quake sometime.
    1
  14384. Channel members and patrons on Patreon get versions without the sponsored content.
    1
  14385. That is the reason that a Constitutional Amendment was required.
    1
  14386. I quote the poem in the episode.
    1
  14387. Thank you!
    1
  14388. Never trust androids...
    1
  14389. According to the World Bank
    1
  14390.  @veronicac5041  the gender was not indicated in the DNA recovered because that is not found in the mitDNA. While there are some new experimental techniques being researched to determine gender of skeletal remains, the general technique is to look at morphological characteristics as they have with these remains. The argument that Pulaski may have have congenital adrenal hyperplasia can only be speculative, but the theory does match the available evidence. The idea that the anthropologists might be hiding genetic evidence is, in my opinion, simply not credible. If you consider who they are and how they came to the conclusion there simply seems to be no agenda involved. As a historian I have no agenda except to present the evidence as we understand it today. What seems to have been demonstrated is that this skeleton, while presenting morphologically as female, is the remains of Casimir Pulaski. Take from that evidence what you will.
    1
  14391. Boyd W LOL.
    1
  14392. Yes, i am sure there will be episodes on the Polish contribution during the wars- there is a lot of interesting information there. I did this about the Russo-Polish war: https://youtu.be/Tu3tREaE4Xg
    1
  14393. Yes, I misstated in the introduction. The raid was 1863.
    1
  14394. That is an excellent question. The only other one close I have found so far was Ed McMahon, who served in the Marines, and achieved the rank of colonel, but received a state commission as a brigadier general in the California Air National Guard.
    1
  14395. Good story!
    1
  14396. I use the calculation tool at officialdata.org. This is the explanation: $240,000 in 1831 is equivalent in purchasing power to about $7,255,558.62 today, an increase of $7,015,558.62 over 190 years. The dollar had an average inflation rate of 1.81% per year between 1831 and today, producing a cumulative price increase of 2,923.15%. This means that today's prices are 30.23 times higher than average prices since 1831, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics consumer price index. A dollar today only buys 3.31% of what it could buy back then.
    1
  14397. There are many possible etymologies for the term. Although we know that it was used by Joseph McCoy, the term possibly predates him, and might be derived from a Scottish term "the Real McKay." However, the claim about Elijah McCoy, (who was African American, not Scottish) that is often repeated, is likely a false etymology. The first known reference to the term "The Real McCoy" in reference to Elijah McCoy did not come until a magazine advertisement in 1966.
    1
  14398. The goal is between five and ten minutes.
    1
  14399. Father- there was no organization in between the two.
    1
  14400. No, no plugs. That is my hair. It grows, my wife cuts it, it grows again.
    1
  14401. You are correct. My mistake.
    1
  14402. Yes, I think if you are repeatedly put in a “its him or me” situation, that suggests your life choices are involved. Realize that the vast majority of us make it through life without killing anyone.
    1
  14403.  @mountainhobo  What I said was that he chose a dangerous profession and put himself in dangerous positions, and so it should be no surprise that violence was the occasional result. None of us made any accusations regarding the deatails of any event. I have no idea why you find the concept so offensive. It seems rather obvious that a man who made a living defrauding others was at least partially responsible for the violence that resulted.
    1
  14404. Wasn’t me.
    1
  14405.  @HardcoreFourSix  that is, essentially, the story. Sierra means both saw and mountain chain, but the mountain chain is an allusion to the appearance of a saw.
    1
  14406. My mistake.
    1
  14407. Yes, the story of the Maquis de Vercors is a sad story. Agreed, different units, different time.
    1
  14408. https://youtu.be/Rb-DSFoh7zk
    1
  14409. The History Guy uses media that are in the public domain. As photographs of actual events are sometimes not available, photographs of similar objects and events are used for illustration. As there was no Public Domain picture of Garland Allen's church, I used a picture of another Virginia church.
    1
  14410. That is not true. Laser eye correction can correct both hyperopia and myopia, as well as astigmatism. It has limited use for presbyopia, as it cannot address the hardening of the lens that comes with age.
    1
  14411.  @danam0228  I am not meaning to contradict doctors, and certainly every person and condition is different. I don’t know the context of what they told you. But I can say that many practitioners online advertise that laser eye surgery can address both myopia and hyperopia.
    1
  14412. https://youtu.be/EypOHCv2JsY
    1
  14413. Apparently not- the captain and crew were reportedly stunned. It is not clear that the Texas oil Company was in on the plan at all. A part i left out was that it was the US CNO, Admiral Earnest King, who insisted on using a British crew.
    1
  14414. Native meant they lived on the island. When one immigrates to a place and lives there, they are a native.
    1
  14415. Thank you!
    1
  14416. Chris M this is always an issue- it is bulky to do both, but I get complaints if I do either. In this case, I thought the photographs made his size obvious enough. His record height was 8’ 11”, or 2.7178 meters.
    1
  14417. It was damaged by a storm and scavenged for parts. No Boeing 314 Clipper survives today.
    1
  14418. There have been five US Navy ships named Essex, all were named after Essex County, Massachusetts.
    1
  14419. Thank you!
    1
  14420. daffidavit my understanding at the time was that he was referring to volunteerism and charitable organizations. At the Republican National Convention in 1988 he compared Americas charitable organizations to stars “like a thousand points of light in a broad and peaceful sky.” I think that address was the genesis of the term, not some historical reference of which I am aware. The gist was that he wanted people to volunteer and be one of the “points of light.”
    1
  14421. Gallipoli was certainly terrible.
    1
  14422. As the propeller had failed to feather, they cut oil because they wanted the engine to seize, not just stop. The hope was that that would keep the propeller from windmilling. However, once the engine seized the propeller shaft uncoupled, and the propeller continued to windmill, causing drag.
    1
  14423. Thank you for your service!
    1
  14424. Big Blue I cannot. Unknown soldiers are unknown.
    1
  14425. That is the tradition- the others of the Mount Hood class were also named after volcanoes. Wouldn't you have been wary to serve on an ammunition ship named "USS Vesuvius?"
    1
  14426. Call me Colonel. (Proud Kentucky Colonel here)
    1
  14427. Thank you!
    1
  14428. LOL
    1
  14429. Wow.
    1
  14430. That theory was based on a genetic measure that has largely been found to be inaccurate for passenger pigeons, and a more current genetic study found that the population had actually been stable for at least ten thousand years. Some observers at the time moved to protect the bird, but government simply could not fathom their extinction, which was not even a clearly understood concept at the time. The decline was gradual- enough that it was difficult to notice, until the 1870s, when the decline was sudden and precipitous. The explanation is not that the billions were shot (although at least many millions were.) Their habitat was destroyed, their roosts were disturbed, preventing reproduction, and they were evolved to survive as a mass species so that once numbers declined significantly, the species could not cope. One researcher explained it this way: "We reduced the population to a point where their own biology was unable to succeed." That is why billions could drop to none- they simply couldn't survive as small, isolated populations. There is a good discussion of the conflicting study findings regarding whether the population was stable here: https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/11/16/564597936/why-did-the-passenger-pigeon-go-extinct-the-answer-might-lie-in-their-toes
    1
  14431. Sparky de-extinction is an interesting idea.
    1
  14432. LOL, the latter may increase average watch time yes.
    1
  14433. Rails certainly played a role in the US Civil War, but not such a central role that you would call it a railway war. Railways were important to many conflicts, but the argument is (and, of course, there is disagreement,) that the Great War was the only war where they were so central to the prosecution of the war that it can be fairly said to be a "railway war."
    1
  14434. h lynn keith armies were rarely moved by rail in the US Civil War- they marched. Certainly rails played a role (also in the Franco-Prussian war, the Russo-Japanese war, the Second Anglo-Boer war, and the Second World War) but they were not a central technology. The Union advantage was meaningful, but hardly the deciding factor. Although rails played a notable role, unlike the Great War, it would not be accurate to describe the US Civil War as a war of railways.
    1
  14435. I simply do not hear these audio issues.
    1
  14436. There are many possible etymologies for the term, and it likely predates Joseph McCoy. We do know the term was used in reference to him. However, the association with Elijah McCoy and his oiler is almost certainly a false etymology. There is no contemporary record of the term being used to refer to him or his oiler. The first such claim actually appeared in a magazine ad in the 1960s, and that seems to have been the genesis of the myth. Don't get me wrong- Elijah McCoy was en extraordinary inventor with a compelling story (that may well be an episode some day.) He was, by the meaning of the term, the real McCoy. But no, he was not the genesis of the term.
    1
  14437. Thank you!
    1
  14438. Not in this case. The last two captured were Sidna Allen and Wesley Edwards, and both were captured in Iowa within a few months.
    1
  14439. Three years is pretty amazing, given that it took 250 years to build.
    1
  14440. Sadly, probably not real. That is, it is nearly impossible that a cat survived the sinking of Bismarck.
    1
  14441. SirFryStirFry even the story of the cat being aboard Cossack and Arc Royal are suspect, as pictures from the period appear to show different cats. It is a wonderful story, but I left it out simply because we do not know if it is real.
    1
  14442. Lol
    1
  14443. Nothing is “glorified” here. Rather the opposite, we were unvarnished in our presentation of Mr Boyle’s behavior. His connection to racing is as real as his corruption. He has a mixed legacy. That is neither “smirk,” not “glorification,” it is history. History is usually mixed. If that makes you uncomfortable, I am not going to apologize for history. Ignoring history for fear of “glorifying thuggery,” that is, pandering to those who clutch pearls, will never advance civilization. Nazis were bad. That fact does not and should not mean that we ignore the vast swath of history of those with a mixed legacy.
    1
  14444. What do you claim is inaccurate?
    1
  14445. I am not.
    1
  14446. A proud vessel.
    1
  14447. I appreciate my sponsors. I don't know when some people decided that there is something untoward in "shilling." But it isn't people seeking to earn an honest living from their efforts.
    1
  14448. None should have been made unavailable. Do you know which?
    1
  14449. My experience on the internet has been "no matter how you pronounce it, you've pronounced it wrong."
    1
  14450.  @retriever19golden55  I only know because I have a Custerphile buddy.
    1
  14451. Very typical of the period
    1
  14452. Yes, the two have been compared.
    1
  14453. Milk Manson it is made of marble. It is a memento from Great Grandma.
    1
  14454. I read about that school- and unknown burials. Sad story.
    1
  14455. "Highway Wildflowers."
    1
  14456. Edward Abel yes they did.
    1
  14457. While many publicly photos were published without copyright, the show itself is still copyright protected.
    1
  14458. https://youtu.be/JDceOZlUz9w
    1
  14459. At least some argue that the two bombs in the Goldsboro accident were near to detonation, and that the bombs had progressed through much of their arming sequence. Others disagree that the chance was large.
    1
  14460. 213423 134242 the munitions officer in charge of the recovery argued that there was a risk of detonation. But most have agreed with your perspective that detonation could not have occurred. That risk in Operation Chrome Dome was nuclear contamination as happened at Palomares.
    1
  14461. It is, and I may well do an episode on it some day.
    1
  14462. Do you have any photos you'd be willing to share? THG@TheHistoryGuy.net
    1
  14463. Of course the Titanic was an American tragedy. It was headed to New York. First class was filled with great luminaries of the nation. Third class was filled with new citizens.
    1
  14464. Jennifer Recker no, it means a gun with a four inch bore diameter and a 200 inch (4x50) barrel length. That distinguishes it from, for example, the four-inch-forty-caliber gun that had a four inch bore diameter, but a barrel length of 160 inches.
    1
  14465. I am glad you like it- we do too.
    1
  14466. T Hurst thank you for your service!
    1
  14467. Thank you! Actually, Heidi did not author this episode, although she has authored several. We have other great scriptwriters as well. The description will show the initials of the person who primarily authored the script.
    1
  14468. They were paid 2/3 the rate of other civilian pilots with the Air Transportation Corps. That comparison was not to combat pilots.
    1
  14469. The society in Philadelphia had many loyalists, and I think that swayed him as well. He clearly seems to have misjudged the national mood.
    1
  14470. Jimmy Carter received one as well.
    1
  14471. That is more impressive if you also own the B&O, the Short Line and the Reading railroads as well.
    1
  14472. Much of the vintage footage is from a Public Domain video about Henry Ford.
    1
  14473. A concentrated effort has brought back a part of the sea in the North.
    1
  14474. Certainly a thousand tons existed before 1917. The measure is not “explosive force,” it is, literally, just short of three thousand pounds of high explosives. But yes, the quotation is modern.
    1
  14475. Well, that was not truly the point of the episode. The thinking is that it was a combination of over hunting, habitat destruction, and their own nature, which had evolved for survival in large groups. Simply out, they could not survive in small isolated populations.
    1
  14476. In reality, we have metricated quite a lot, and are only slightly less metricated than the UK.
    1
  14477. Caseyb Hargraves maybe. What has held me back is that there appear to be no pictures in the public domain. If anyone has personal photos of the fire or aftermath that we could use (providing credit) I’d be happy to use them.
    1
  14478. Yes, that is a cadet hat from RMA Sandhurst.
    1
  14479. Bobby Adams good point- it was an interesting battle.
    1
  14480. No
    1
  14481. I did not- it is at 1:33.
    1
  14482. The good thing about Latin is that there are no ancient Romans still around to correct your pronunciation. Germany might have had a Kaiser, but Russia had a Tsar, not a car.
    1
  14483. Thank you!
    1
  14484. All good meals do…
    1
  14485. That is an entirely fabricated story of recent internet origin.
    1
  14486.  @anonymousprivet1227  first of all yes, it was a quotation. Second, no she was not calling African Americans “spooks,” but referring to a West African tradition of carving vegetables.
    1
  14487. RGP B I have replaced the microphone since this episode was originally produced.
    1
  14488. Respectfully, that is not completely fair, he requested service during the war many times, but the studio did not want to lose another star to the war and refused to let him out of his contract. I don't plan an episode on John Wayne, but I do love the old westerns.
    1
  14489. Yes, pine blister rust is real, and still a problem.
    1
  14490. He was with the First Special Operations Wing in the China Burma India theater. I talk about them some here: https://youtu.be/tMrYmy4pabc
    1
  14491. I couldn't find any record of them meeting.
    1
  14492. The claim is that we are fascinated with people like serial killers because we need to see them so that we feel normal by comparison.
    1
  14493. I did not avail myself of the opportunity. This is real history.
    1
  14494. Thank you!
    1
  14495. John Morley I appreciate your point, but also realize the ship broke apart in just about 20 minutes in the middle of the night.
    1
  14496. While there is some discussion regarding the size of the initial landings thar dependsupon the measure, the overall invasion-Operation Overlord - was significantly larger than any other.
    1
  14497.  @robbyowen9107  the number of 160,000 was just June 6. Operation Overlord- the invasion of Normandy, eventually included more than two million troops, nearly four times the number involved in the entire Okinawa campaign.
    1
  14498. I did leave John Snow and the Broad Street Pump out of the story.
    1
  14499. Much of it is lost to evaporation due to poor infrastructure management.
    1
  14500. I have not. it is definitely on my list.
    1
  14501. The US paid for the construction, but the idea came from the PJBD.
    1
  14502. SILVER Bob the last time I saw them play was in Three Rivers, so it has been a while for me.
    1
  14503. I love the Candice Mallard book.
    1
  14504. The plane apparently reached cruising altitude as they tried to get the pin to work. It is not clear whether they dropped altitude during the process of trying to correct it. The contemporary reporting suggests that the plane was at 15,000 feet when the bomb released, so Gregg's feeling that they were flying low might have been mistaken.
    1
  14505. Suggestions@thehistoryguy.net
    1
  14506. Absolutely the troop movements and concentrations contributed to the spread of the virus. But it was a unique pathology of this virus that it was more deadly to healthy adults between 20 and 40.
    1
  14507. I think you are talking about the Santa Susana Field Laboratory. The Cold War and the Santa Susana Field Laboratory https://youtu.be/JDceOZlUz9w
    1
  14508. The Blimp was renamed "America" when it went back into Goodyear's service.
    1
  14509. The Tie Bar gives me bowties in exchange for credit in the video description.
    1
  14510. SoCalExile the movie conflates quite a lot of history between the nativist and immigrant gangs.
    1
  14511. Jim Chappelear but they aren’t usually fatal. It was more likely malaria.
    1
  14512. J G sigh all the places on the world wide web to talk about Trump, does it have to be here?
    1
  14513. J G no worries- this one has gotten some acrimonious commentary for some reason- thanks for not stirring the pot!
    1
  14514. No, that is an error. 1957.
    1
  14515. My apologies, the name of the paper was the York Dispatch. The headline was on September 20.
    1
  14516. I have no political agenda of any kind, and talk directly about Space X in the video.
    1
  14517. alf beef we actually held a naming contest for the skull on the discussion page last fall. “Yorik” won.
    1
  14518. https://www.amazon.com/Torpedo-Junction-U-Boat-Americas-Bluejacket/dp/1557503621/ref=asc_df_1557503621/?tag=hyprod-20&linkCode=df0&hvadid=312174369544&hvpos=1o1&hvnetw=g&hvrand=1864844065431510928&hvpone=&hvptwo=&hvqmt=&hvdev=c&hvdvcmdl=&hvlocint=&hvlocphy=9022395&hvtargid=pla-571063321596&psc=1
    1
  14519. Thank you!
    1
  14520. Well, that is a quotation from a museum regarding an ancient work, so it might be difficult to translate. But river gauge height usually means height above a reference point.
    1
  14521.  @robrichmond6171  hmmm- I don’t generally think of Little Big Man as an outlaw movie…
    1
  14522. https://youtu.be/BElQES_Dh0Q
    1
  14523. The intent was to talk about beef cattle- and it was already a lot to fit in. Dairy farming of course also was important to the development of the nation.
    1
  14524. This episode stopped at the redefinition of the office in 1967.
    1
  14525. Eugen Malatov I don’t know that anyone denies that the allies engaged in preemptive invasions (Iceland comes to mind.). But the Vichy government was not a neutral party, and considered a belligerent and an illegitimate government by the allies. Vichy forces were supervised by the Wehrmacht. Events in French Indochina showed that the Vichy were completely willing to hand over territory to Japan.
    1
  14526.  @richardlinter4111  Yes, Germany kept millions of French POWs as prisoners, largely to use them as slave labor and to coerce the Vichy government to keep their own forces small. That leverage was, in fact, all the more reason to treat the collaborationist government as hostile. The fact that they, regardless of coercion, handed over French Indochina was emphatically reason for the allies to treat them as a belligerent. They demonstrably acted against the allies. They demonstrably could again. Petain was a fascist collaborationist who, among other things, willfully worked with the Nazis to persecute the nation's Jews. But yes, the people of Vichy and the French armies in the territories had mixed loyalties, and many quickly turned to the free French side when they had the opportunity. But that did not make them, the territory they held, or the government they served, "neutral." I am having difficulty seeing your point. When Germany militarily conquered France, forced capitulation on them, created a sham, puppet government, and used millions of French POWs as a threat to coerce compliance from that government, how is there anything untoward in the allies of France invading the former French territories in order to liberate the nation? How is that comparable to the invasion of Norway? You are not "daring" anything, you are creating your own double standard in order to vilify the people who liberated France for the crime of liberating France. Comparing that to the hostile invasion of Norway by the nation that enslaved France is simply not a fair comparison.
    1
  14527. Please email business@thehistoryguy.net
    1
  14528. LOL
    1
  14529. I did not know that. It was mislabeled at the source, thanks!
    1
  14530. That is interesting, because the standard line has been that Keogh had purchased Comanche as a personal amount, and it was not an army assign,net at all.
    1
  14531. I apologize for the error.
    1
  14532. I do one two shoot, but some of the stock footage in the video has one two three shoot.
    1
  14533. I was interested to see if anyone would notice.
    1
  14534. Their theory on changing the size of the eyewall was interesting. But it does seem crazy that they thought that a couple hundred pounds of dry ice could affect a storm 100 miles across.
    1
  14535. Thank you!
    1
  14536. Moto Rick it is specifically part of the US Flag code to not use the US flag as clothing. The UK flag protocol does not include the same proscription, although it should be displayed “in a dignified manner,” which is my intent here.
    1
  14537. The entire plant is edible. The leaves grow more bitter as the plant ages, so early spring dandelions are more palatable.
    1
  14538. Thank you for your service!
    1
  14539. The two submarines used were the Argonaut (SM-1) and Nautilus (SS-168.) They were both Narwhal class vessels- the largest non-nuclear submarines the US ever built.
    1
  14540. Sadly, the one on my wall is merely a reproduction. I would love to see Albert’s sword- what great history that your family still has it! If you would be interested in THG making an episode on your great uncle’s service based on your father’s research please feel free to contact me at thg@thegistoryguy.net.
    1
  14541. Bojan Aleksic correct- no wells, but some streams. Fresh water is a scarce resource.
    1
  14542. Someone else also mentioned the term. To be sure, careen can mean to turn a ship so that you can scrape its hull, but it also refers to swaying from side to side, and is commonly used to refer to an out of control vehicle.
    1
  14543. As director of development for the New York State Thruway Authority he was responsible for the development of many radio based technologies that are key to the system. His role in the development of the New York State system is described here: https://www.dot.ny.gov/divisions/engineering/technical-services/trans-r-and-d-repository/C-06-05%20Automatice%20Vehicle%20Classification%20System%20Final%20R.pdf
    1
  14544. They did. Brown was the first US Naval aviator. The 332nd was a USAAF group.
    1
  14545. I am not sure exactly what you mean by "data." I do most of the research myself, buy also have a couple of other writers who do some of the scripts. I do not claim to be doing primary research, I describe myself as a storyteller. The information is derived from various web resources, period newspapers, books and other publications. Since the scripts generally integrate a wide range of materials, I don't provide bibliographies, although I am happy to provide the source if you wonder about a specific statistic or fact.
    1
  14546. Thank you for your service!
    1
  14547. After James enlisted, his mother reportedly moved the family to Illinois to ensure that any brothers would be on the same side.
    1
  14548. Harry Buttwhisker truth be told, she was holding the cat to keep her from knocking over the camera.
    1
  14549. Nobody called it that in 1810.
    1
  14550. https://youtu.be/tWx6gufENSs
    1
  14551. Thank you. There is a correction mentioned in the pinned comment.
    1
  14552. That is, essentially, what the Kirov class is.
    1
  14553. Sorry, I love my waistcoats.
    1
  14554. It is called “Highway Wildflowers.”
    1
  14555. Thank you!
    1
  14556. While he was in St Louis, the distillery in question was the Tennessee distillery.
    1
  14557. There are Army and Air Force versions of the citation.
    1
  14558.  @naosapleelpaso  it is the point. It is an M113. That is not an incorrect description.
    1
  14559. Gary Schmidt what’s that make Gary?
    1
  14560. Gary Schmidt just a Chicago area joke. If Chicago is the armpit of Illinois, what part of the body is Gary Indiana next door? It is an, um, less than desirable suburb of Chicago.
    1
  14561. Gary Schmidt oh LOL I didn’t pay attention there! That would have been confusing. Sorry!
    1
  14562. The A-7 was based on the crusader
    1
  14563. There are actually quite a few. I recommend Bruce Myles' "Night Witches: The Amazing Story of Russia's Woman Pilots in World War II," as he was able to collect first hand accounts from many of the surviving members of the unit.
    1
  14564. She was a heavy cruiser.
    1
  14565. I do try, although English place names (really, any place names) can be a struggle.
    1
  14566. https://youtu.be/J9IabP_W3SM
    1
  14567. Affectionately called the “lemon squeezer.” https://youtu.be/vihhRvKGuK4
    1
  14568. David Gattenberg that is a story, but hard to confirm.
    1
  14569. Quite possibly, yes. It is a tragic story- such a lonely way to die.
    1
  14570. That is a fair question, in that all history deserves to be remembered. The point of the phrase is that the channel intends to focus on relatively obscure or "forgotten" history. If the question is how we choose topics, a lot goes into that, including the time it takes to research, whether the story fits into our time limits, and whether we can find supporting media. But, really, the writers and I write what we feel like writing. The biggest criteria is whether we have fun making the episode.
    1
  14571. Not related.
    1
  14572. Albert Johnson was the name he gave when he came through Fort McPherson.
    1
  14573. Once a video is uploaded to YouTube, it cannot be modified. At some point I will likely do an updated version.
    1
  14574. Actually, they were mad about removing the tax on tea, which was seen as a sneaky way to get them to pay other taxes. But, in the end, the real motivation of the American revolution was that the colonies had grown to the point where there was more economic advantage being outside the empire than in it, and they preferred to rule their own lives. And isn't that the point where all children leave their mother?
    1
  14575. He was wing commander of a maintenance crew. Just because he was in charge of the ground crew doesn't mean that he isn't ground crew.
    1
  14576. Actually one popular theory is a deliberate crossbreed, possibly a wolf and a red mastiff.
    1
  14577. All the details are here: https://www.bnd.com/living/magazine/article230133169.html
    1
  14578. The name refers to the plant's diuretic properties.
    1
  14579. There is significant disagreement among biblical scholars as to whether the sermon on the mount would have been spoken in Aramaic or Greek.
    1
  14580. king james488 and send Kurt Russell to rescue the president!
    1
  14581. Yes, it is on my list.
    1
  14582. Lol- I tried
    1
  14583. Occurring in 1938, no pictures were yet in the Public Domain.
    1
  14584. I was just watching it today. I'll have to look for her.
    1
  14585. MrPh30 I collect pickelhaubes. Well, also kugelhaubes...
    1
  14586. He did not have children, but did have step children.
    1
  14587.  @lemmdus2119  Nevada was brave to the last. https://youtu.be/6Nvq9n_QUZY
    1
  14588. These trees are chosen for their blossoms, not their fruit. Their fruit is described as “tiny, black, bitter with a large pit.” While technically edible, they are generally left for the birds. The plan is to mulch the trees and use the mulch in the replanting.
    1
  14589. Yes, both Fat Man and Little Boy were dropped by B-29s, albeit modified as "Silverplate" B-29s to carry the size and weight of the bombs.
    1
  14590. I am not taking a stand on Mr Nye. I can say that nether my name nor the use of a bow tie were intended to recall him at all. I was wearing bow ties and friends were calling me the history guy a decade before his show debuted in the 1990s. His show is a children's show, and aims at a very different audience using a very different format.
    1
  14591. This is an episode on the vampire panics of the 19th century.
    1
  14592.  @mindfulwebworker  lol- I was not intending to chastise
    1
  14593. I have not. Politics is just not my game. Plenty are discussing that already. Ask me in another decade or two.
    1
  14594. Steal paintings?
    1
  14595. Certainly no nuclear detonation was possible given the description of the event (assuming the description was accurate.) But the risk of the TNT exploding was more than the fire, but also damage to the detonator. The bomb disposal officer certianly suggested that a "mushroom cloud" was possible. In fact, he described the fact that the TNT did not detonate as "a miracle."
    1
  14596. The “piratical state” description was attributed to a British diplomat, not THG. It was such an apt description that it is quoted in nearly every historical piece written on the C.R.B.
    1
  14597. It is out of print, I don't know why it has not gone into a new edition.
    1
  14598. Matthew Munn no- same set up. The microphone is internal on the camera. I can’t tell a difference.
    1
  14599. Tom N. Some state funds, mostly private donations.
    1
  14600. Thank you!
    1
  14601. All of them? Wow. I thought I was the only one...
    1
  14602. I do- have crossed the Eads many times. I agree, worth and episode.
    1
  14603. I may di an episode about the Pullman strike in the future. Robert Todd Lincoln was definitely a figure in labor disputes, but never as controversial and George Pullman.
    1
  14604. Possibly. I mention it, and Annie Oakley's injury, here: https://youtu.be/h8zA1IPqf0Y
    1
  14605. Gribbo9999 geographical. The magnetic poles had already been reached. That was my error.
    1
  14606. sublimeguy 1981 in this episode: https://youtu.be/yIrSBmG46n8
    1
  14607. EVERY day! Of course!
    1
  14608. Rock beats scissors, paper beats rock, and scissors beats paper.
    1
  14609. I don't know!
    1
  14610. They were not oil platforms.
    1
  14611. I don't know what you claim to be "rationalizing." These were the arguments that were made historically. They are history. I don't take a stand on weather they were right or wrong, and I did not "try" anything. As a centimeter is based on a meter, which is based on a measure that includes, literally, exclusively French geography, and was measured inexactly enough that it is a notion, not anymore an objective fact that a poose or a pess. The argument that we can use the cm of which we had no perfect example to fabricate a kilogram that was inexact but "good enough" misses the point. Jefferson was looking for exact, scientific, measures that could be used as a perfect standard for trade. The arguments against depending upon a possibly hostile foreign power for those measurements might not be convincing today, but they were more than a mere rationalization at the time.
    1
  14612. Don Oz thank you for your service!
    1
  14613. Thank you!
    1
  14614. The locals pronounce it "Boys."
    1
  14615. There is more discussion of other early aviation pioneers here: https://youtu.be/swIev-LlORQ and here: https://youtu.be/F-suOpy3rQU
    1
  14616. A thousand meters.
    1
  14617. I don't know that I'll be able to make it- I sure wish the Big Boy was coming to St Louis. Take pictures and email them to thehistoryguyyt@gmail,com and we'll happily give you screen credit.
    1
  14618. It was even more complex, as an officer could have different brevet and regular ranks for both volunteers the regular army.
    1
  14619. Certainly it was a way for Doyle to give credit. But, when you hear what Doyle had to say in 1927 about why he created Holmes, it seems like he really did feel that there was something lacking in his predecessors. I think that there is some sincerity in Holmes’ comments, and that it was also a way for Doyle to emphasize that Holmes was a unique creation, and not a copy of those characters whose methods he found lacking.
    1
  14620. Yes, it was, although it is not clear when the term was first used. It was attempts to restore the value of currency that was a primary drover of Shay's Rebellion.
    1
  14621. Yup.
    1
  14622. eric van tassell Company H of the Fifth Missouri infantry in 1917.
    1
  14623. The chips and the training tape incident came close together in 1979/80. Crews were called to ready alert bombers, but none were launched, although a few fighters were. It did not escalate to the president, but did to the national security advisor. https://youtu.be/YCQITNbw7tc
    1
  14624. Maybe, yes. Waterloo is well remembered, but the other battles of the campaign much less so.
    1
  14625. You are actually presenting a revisionist history that doesn't match the historical record. These Indian soldiers did not fight under duress or force. While the INA received a burnished reputation after the war, at the time they were mostly considered traitors for joining with the Japanese. The INA did participate in the battle, but their contribution was small and came late in the action. I did not include them here because it would have taken more time to explain who they were than would be justified by their participation in this particular battle. I mean no disrespect to the independence movement when I say that it takes a massive dose of historical ignorance to conclude that India would have fared better under Japanese rule. The experience of the rest of the nations under their occupation renders that claim ridiculous. The INA has a very interesting history, and I hope to do an episode on them some day. But you are altering 1944 history to match 2018 sensibilities. Sorry, but that is not "correct history. "
    1
  14626. INVICTUS The Bengal famine was awful. It is clearly a stain on the empire and a failure of government. I do not deny the harms of colonialism. That doesn’t make the Japanese a better option, they were demonstrably much worse. I understand your anger at your country’s imperial past. But that doesn’t change the facts of this battle.
    1
  14627. INVICTUS and I did not and do not portray the British as angels.
    1
  14628. Yes, volunteer firefighters, at least according to contemporary press.
    1
  14629. Susan Wahl that is one of the theories. While it is compelling, it is impossible to prove without tissue tests. Another recent theory was that it was a sort of brain tumor. There are several explanations that seem to fit the symptoms, but proof is nearly impossible since the body was not preserved.
    1
  14630. There are lots of ways to see it, but it is notable here how much disagreement there is as to how close Yeltsin came to ordering retaliation. But most nuclear experts that I have seen see greater risk in poor controls in former soviet states where there is a significant amount of social upheaval.
    1
  14631. Admiral Belzediel Both sides were paranoid, both had militarists in positions of power, neither wanted war. I don’t see a clear reason why the US would have been more likely to push the button than Russia. It was a tense and in some ways unstable period in Russia. The fact that, still today, some still try to claim that the rocket was a ploy to test reaction times shows how significantly the “stoic and phlegmatic” Russians mistrusted the intentions of the west. As I have mentioned in other episodes, the Russians were surprisingly willing to risk the lives of service members by deploying dangerous and substandard equipment. That shows both a commitment to the arms race and a level of expectation of patriotism that would seem to be translatable into a willingness to go to war despite the cost. There is a fundamental question as to whether any side would risk nuclear war. It is an irrational act. But we tend to end up thinking the other side might be irrational. I don’t personally know what would have prompted Boris Yeltsin to order a nuclear strike. But the doctrine on both sides emphasized a narrow window between detection and the time to order retaliation. And why would either side have put so much effort into detection if they were not prepared to make use of that window? I don’t know that the world came close to the end on January 25, 1995. But forcing anyone to make a snap decision that could result in a world where, to quote Khrushchev, “the living will envy the dead,” has to be cause for concern.
    1
  14632. Blue Boats correct- I can only use photos in the Public Domain.
    1
  14633. LOL
    1
  14634. It is an interesting discussion, given that his oath to congress was itself treason against the previous government. But Arnold certainly learned that turncoats end up not being trusted by anyone.
    1
  14635. Apparent the default attitude was that if you don’t recognize it, kill it with a pitchfork.
    1
  14636. Another YouTube watcher who doesn’t seem to have actually paid attention to the video they criticize.
    1
  14637. Thank you!
    1
  14638. Thank you for your work!
    1
  14639. Actually Ms History Guy wrote this script, but no, we were not the very first to notice the coincidence.
    1
  14640. The argument for the "lion" is made by biologist Karl Hans Taake. You can view his research and argument here: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344881313_Biology_of_the_Beast_of_Gevaudan_Morphology_Habitat_Use_and_Hunting_Behaviour_of_an_18_th_Century_Man-Eating_Carnivore
    1
  14641. The history written by the National Park Service suggests that both explanations were involved. https://www.nps.gov/articles/minuteman-icbm.htm#:~:text=Remotely%20controlled%20from%20underground%20launch,Hence%20the%20name%20Minuteman.
    1
  14642.  @johnrogers1423  I vehemently disagree that the agency responsible for preserving history is an unreliable “secondary source.” I would suggest their capacity for “academic research” is ample, and your dismissal of them misguided. As the reasoning behind the design was specifically to reduce the time needed for launch, I find the NPS explanation that the name was both an homage to the colonial “Minutemen” and a reference to the launch time to be rather compelling. In fact, both were so named because they were expected to be ready quickly, a connection that is difficult to reasonably dismiss.
    1
  14643. I am doing an entire series about those hats for patrons on patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  14644. Maybe- it is difficult since images aren't in the public domain.
    1
  14645. Absolutely true- but it is difficult to say if history would have been much different had we not built the Endicott forts.
    1
  14646. I think you are mistaken- she was rather famously a Dreyfusard.
    1
  14647. We took the tube quite a lot, although it was insanely hot at the time. The parking issue was coming into the city from Wales.
    1
  14648. jjeherrera Germany was very much involved in Mexican politics, and had various plots during the war.
    1
  14649. Although the USPS sun helmets are either polyethylene or woven mesh, not pressed fiber.
    1
  14650. The name was derived from the "Skonk Works" in L'il Abner. But the reason why that was brought to mind was because of the plastic factory.
    1
  14651. I have not, so far, found a historical reference that specifies whether Wyatt Earp owned cats. However, a contemporary journal by Tombstone attorney George Parsons indicates that cats were in high demand in Tombstone due to the prevalence of rats, and were often stolen. That suggests a good probability that Wyatt kept one or more cats at some point.
    1
  14652. Yeah, that is pretty much what I say in the episode. I am not trying to sell you one.
    1
  14653. Capt. Beak yes, I am sorry. It was two cylinder, but not two-stroke.
    1
  14654. I don’t know why you are not getting notifications. I have continued producing videos three days a week.
    1
  14655. NATHAN NEVILLE the two are not even comparable in terms of the number of troops. Gettysburg included around 180,000 soldiers including both armies. 1.2 million US troops were involved in the Meuse Argonne. The US took more casualties at the Meuse Argonne than the union fielded troops at Gettysburg.
    1
  14656. NATHAN NEVILLE correct. When I say “deadliest battle,” I mean most Americans killed. Around five times as many Americans died in the Meuse Argonne offensive than died on both sides at Gettysburg. If the measure is casualties as a percent of combatants, Stone’s river was deadlier than Gettysburg. But I believe that St. Clair’s defeat holds that record in the history of the US army, with a 93% casualty rate. And yes, the statistic is casualties for the US Army, so the Confederate casualties would not be included.
    1
  14657. Stone's river was an exceptionally bloody battle, and is often listed as having the highest casualty rate for the Federal Army of any major battle of the war- higher than Antietam or Fredericksburg. High Bridge was worse, but is not usually considered a major battle. Even if we use the number of 50,000 casualties at Gettysburg, there were 180,000 troops involved, and that rate is below 30%. But in terms of number of Americans killed, nothing compares to the Meuse Argonne.
    1
  14658. We’ve had this discussion many times. BC and BCE mean the same thing.
    1
  14659. That is Tricia Nixon.
    1
  14660. LOL
    1
  14661. Correct- that was my mistake. It was Toulon.
    1
  14662. This is her third episode.
    1
  14663. Pine Gap is certainly interesting. It appears, from what has been released publicly, that it has to do with coordinating data from spy satellites, rather than anything to do with radar detection.
    1
  14664. I do plan an episode on the MV Wilhelm Gustloff,
    1
  14665. I am, and it does sometime show. And I really do look out for Washington's Eagle.
    1
  14666. To be fair, mining disasters have occurred under a number of economic systems.
    1
  14667. Lol
    1
  14668. https://youtu.be/EypOHCv2JsY
    1
  14669. I talk about the Big Ben in this episode: https://youtu.be/UT0CojSRhYg
    1
  14670. kelly wileman a fine ship!
    1
  14671. My understanding is that the Irish relief effort was the only time in US history that US Navy ships were placed under civilian command for a private mission.
    1
  14672. She wasn't a fortune teller teller, but a medium...
    1
  14673. The revenue cutters have always played that role, and, in fact, are doing so in the Persian Gulf today. The downside of using the torpedo boats as littoral ships is that they had a very short operational range.
    1
  14674. It seems very likely.
    1
  14675. Yes
    1
  14676. I generally use the word to distinguish exact quotations. It is a means of providing reference.
    1
  14677. This is from Guinness World Records, and it explains the determination of Robert Wadlow as the tallest man in human history. I mean no disrespect to references in the bible, but in that the events described in the old testament occurred circa 2000 years before the standardization of the foot, the reported measurements are simply not a reliable indicator of actual height: "The only admissible evidence upon the true height of giants is that of recent date made under impartial medical supervision." These were the words of Norris and Ross McWhirter, the founders of Guinness World Records, in 1955. They went on to dismiss claims for legendary giants such as the biblical Og, King of Bashan (allegedly 9 Assyrian cubits, or 494.03 cm/16 ft 2.5 in tall), citing "confusion of units". The twins then named Robert Wadlow as the tallest man "of whom there is irrefutable evidence". https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/records/hall-of-fame/robert-wadlow-tallest-man-ever
    1
  14678. I believe that is correct, yes.
    1
  14679. Thank you!
    1
  14680. I learn quite a lot with every episode.
    1
  14681. I said Zuikaku. The story of Shōkaku and Cavalla is here: https://youtu.be/KXbHsRYZlKE
    1
  14682. Not specifically yet. I talk about the Bataan campaign and briefly mention the Bataan Death March in this episode. https://youtu.be/TZD59vApUWc
    1
  14683. LOL.
    1
  14684. I have numerous set items and change them around frequently. Sometimes the larger photo is more related to the episode, sometimes I just switch them to change the scene.
    1
  14685. I was not intending to take sides in the arms race. Neither side was more “OK” than the other.
    1
  14686. https://youtu.be/tGlLwtqhUKE
    1
  14687. Today what they were doing would likely be illegal price-fixing.
    1
  14688. No, sorry. Wasn’t me. I live in Illinois, but not near Chicago.
    1
  14689. Not unless that has been kept secret over all this time. None of the Boeing-314s was listed as having been captured.
    1
  14690. Lori Boufford It is a fair complaint. War doesn’t even make sense to soldiers and generals. But, from a point of history, wars develop from a number of causes. It was not as simple as fighting for the freedom of Blacks nor of slaughtering the Red.
    1
  14691. Thank you!
    1
  14692. Martian Anthropologist I said gallus . The auto transcription is not totally reliable.
    1
  14693. Thank you for your service! BTW- I haven't produced any hour long videos- those would be from another channel.
    1
  14694. Good point- they may have been a tad wary of airplanes by then...
    1
  14695. Yeah, I have to use the photos available in the public domain.
    1
  14696. The NTSB report indicated that crew fatigue was not a causal factor, but might have contributed. The report also noted that the crew had not participated in aerobic training since their time in the military, suggesting that lack of physical fitness may have been partially responsible for the unwillingness to take manual control of the crash.
    1
  14697. He was certainly in a lot of movies, yes. The vast majority were uncredited, and he only had a couple with speaking roles. But the list is impressive.
    1
  14698. I appreciate my sponsors.
    1
  14699. He was an amazing guy who made many contributions beyond the sewer system.
    1
  14700. I Imagine we'll have episodes on many more vessels.
    1
  14701. USA that was his mother, and there is rather more to the story than that.
    1
  14702.  @TheDiveO  those are simply grainy historical images. Frankly, I don’t think you actually understand what an AI image looks like.
    1
  14703. The image is available here on Wikipedia commons: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_Bank_of_England,_London,_1885-1895.jpg I have explicitly said both in these comments and in the video description that images are for illustration purposes only. I have not misrepresented anything. That you don't like an image has nothing at all to do with my reputation. I respectfully suggest that you learn how to have a civil discussion.
    1
  14704.  @TheDiveO  The image is public domain and not misrepresented. There is no legal, moral or common-sense obligation to change my “production pipeline.” There is nothing improper in the use of the image.
    1
  14705. Correct. Lots of MIA from ferret missions.
    1
  14706. Lol- never heard that one.
    1
  14707. Happy Halloween!
    1
  14708. The roads were dirt- so it apparently did not take much.
    1
  14709. It is a good driver for furniture making, since it doesn’t cam out easily.
    1
  14710. I am sorry for the error. He played opposite Marlene Dietrich in Angel (1937.)
    1
  14711. He had three children and three grandchildren. But the grandchildren died without issue.
    1
  14712. I’ve not seen that one. I am not responsible for whatever shows on Google ads.
    1
  14713. I am doing a series on my hats exclusive for patrons on patreon: www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  14714. That it is. Duxford likes Spitfires.
    1
  14715. Montana vigilantes were hardy folk unafraid of freezing weather.
    1
  14716. LOL I have no explanation for that. I do have a Jeep Compass.
    1
  14717. Liberty ships were different than C2 ships, although there was some similarity of design, as the maritime Commission was trying to standardize. Liberty ships were designated "EC" for "emergency cargo."
    1
  14718. anthony Haynes thank you for your service!
    1
  14719. Land Tuna for naval guns and large artillery, the caliber refers to barrel length. A 16 inch, forty-five caliber gun has a barrel diameter of sixteen inches and a barrel length of sixty feet- 16 inches x 45.
    1
  14720. Well, the nose cone. I'd call it the top more than the front...
    1
  14721. We are dinking with them.
    1
  14722. Episode are between five and fifteen minutes long. The length of the video is shown at the bottom left.
    1
  14723. Sorry! The system added more breaks than I realized. Pulled some out. Thanks!
    1
  14724. I mention the distinction in the video,
    1
  14725. The reason I added the qualifier "by some measures" was that there are other instances that may qualify, most convincingly, in my opinion, being Bismarck and Hood. While HMS Hood was classified a battle cruiser, the difference is not that meaningful, and Hood was, at least, reasonably the same class as Kirishima. Others mention King George and Rodney vs Bismark, Duke of York vs Scharnhorst, and the US battleships at Suriago strait vs Yamashira.
    1
  14726. Stubby was a terrier mix, often described as a mutt. But his size put him more closely resembling a Boston terrier than a Pitt Bull.
    1
  14727. I actually did used to play the bugle, but have never played this one, no. I must have just been showing it to someone.
    1
  14728. I think most everyone thought that.
    1
  14729. I apologize to Mr Beery.
    1
  14730. Not at all.
    1
  14731. Thank you!
    1
  14732. Only the original naugahyde covered contraption was a motorcycle. The Dale was supposed to be an automobile.
    1
  14733. Yes- it is a newsreel of Americans testing a captured weapon.
    1
  14734. I think we need to bring that tradition here.
    1
  14735. I think that was certainly in the back of their minds, especially for Churchill, but Stalin seemed to be rather vociferously calling for the second front.
    1
  14736. Correct, the video is not a Liberty Ship- it looks to be some sort of liner. I can only work with the footage available.
    1
  14737. Raymond Caylor yup- my mistake.
    1
  14738. I am not sure if this is a joke. They are different species, and to my knowledge passenger pigeons were never used as homing pigeons. https://youtu.be/cDwsnpo066g?si=RGpAE9gOmRTIYbJO
    1
  14739. blackcountryme it is rare, but not unheard of in ships.
    1
  14740. LOL Mrs History Guy is in charge of hair. I value happy marriage over doo.
    1
  14741. FullMetalChicken thank you for your service!
    1
  14742. I know, right?
    1
  14743. Dead weight capacity- essentially its carrying capacity. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/deadweight%20capacity
    1
  14744. I do plan to do more on labor history.
    1
  14745. While my audience is mostly American, I do not limit myself to American history. I have produced quite a few videos about the Second World War regarding participants other than the United States: https://youtu.be/3ujZemGqzJo https://youtu.be/KvH1cElGu0M https://youtu.be/6F_poSmlC7o https://youtu.be/wHBxKNrcJPw https://youtu.be/9hH0DTy77FE https://youtu.be/wyi2XJVRP-8 https://youtu.be/IoaLMwY41y8 https://youtu.be/e_XKVA8S6qY https://youtu.be/3ujZemGqzJo
    1
  14746. Peggyt1243 I have several regarding the history of Canada, but not specific to the Canadian role in World War II. That is not intended to disrespect the substantial role that Canadians played in the conflict. There is so much history to tell, and I expect to keep doing so for a long time. More on the history of Canada here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjsQhkGslJuB3pRlmo_ppLV
    1
  14747. I discussed both Train’s 1870 and his 1890 trips. His prediction of a terrible calamity in Chicago at Farewell Hall in 1871 is certainly interesting, although not necessarily implying a plot other than poor urban planning.
    1
  14748. Mercury
    1
  14749. She will soon be on display in Galveston.
    1
  14750. Demonstrably untrue.
    1
  14751. There are notes that they set up contracts with a German company for petrol in Russia. There is a story that the company tried to pull out of the Thomas contract to help the Protos team, but a threat to fink them out to the press compelled them to honor the contract. Presumably that would have been part of the supplies that were scheduled. In Russia they largely followed the Trans-Siberian railway route, so supplies were likely delivered along the route by train.
    1
  14752. LOL
    1
  14753. Actually the opposite- they do not neutralize medications, they make them more potent, causing overdoses.
    1
  14754. LOL she doesn't much like that end of the camera.
    1
  14755. Some stations still operate. Those have mostly been automated.
    1
  14756. Thank you!
    1
  14757. Taurean Spaniard I did, in fact, relate that fact.
    1
  14758. Jeff Bingaman which? Dan Sickles?
    1
  14759. I have not noticed this bias, although I admittedly mostly use the history section.
    1
  14760. The archaic use of the word hospice is a lodging for travelers, especially one run by a religious order. Thus, hospice and hostel are synonyms. While it is titled a hospice, it is often referred to as a hostel, as its function is closer to the meaning of the word hostel as it is used today.
    1
  14761. None that I know of.
    1
  14762. IMBD says that one is in production, but has no release date yet.
    1
  14763. Bald eagles are sea eagles. Golden eagles are true eagles. An all brown sea eagle in the US, as the Washington's eagle was purported to be, would be something different.
    1
  14764. Actually, we already do in the US more than many realize.
    1
  14765. I am not sure what you mean.
    1
  14766.  @Zebred2001  I mean no disrespect when I say that none of those joined in founding the United States. There were originally 13 colonies.
    1
  14767. The story is more complex than that. While they eventually plead guilty in court, they insist it was because the state was threatening to deport Mrs. Heene. They still maintain their innocence. I did not intend to take any stand on the subject, but the discussion seemed too far off topic.
    1
  14768. It is not clear that the family owned slaves.
    1
  14769. None of those would reach close to 50 MPG the way that it is measured by the US Environmental Protection Agency.
    1
  14770. I suspect you mean the shell? https://tankmuseumshop.org/products/inflatable-world-war-two-17pdr-shell-sherman-firefly
    1
  14771. I could not find a record. I hope she was ok…
    1
  14772. misterpants666 so far as I can tell the flotilla only operated off the coast of France.
    1
  14773. His participation is entirely voluntary. :)
    1
  14774. Well worth the visit!
    1
  14775. I was wondering who would notice. German footage is much more difficult to find than American. I simply couldn’t find video of 35ts. The Sixth Panzer division did also use the 38t.
    1
  14776. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjPx6NkocmNfyzMS5BYhMsN
    1
  14777. You are correct. The guns on the Wickes class destroyers were four-inch-fifty-caliber guns, meaning a barrel diameter of four inches and a barrel length from breech to end of 200 inches (4x50.) That is a different gun than the four-inch-forty-caliber guns used as secondary armament on the Columbia class armored cruisers. Another instance that shows the difference is the fourteen-inch-forty-five caliber main guns of the Pennsylvania and Nevada class battleships, which had a shorter range than the longer-barreled fourteen-inch-fifty-caliber guns of the New Mexico and Tennessee class battleships.
    1
  14778. In Ohio, along the Wabash river, near what is now the town of Fort Recovery. 40.3571°N 84.7628°W
    1
  14779. https://www.thetiebar.com/?utm_campaign=BowtieLove&utm_medium=YouTube&utm_source=LanceGeiger
    1
  14780. Sometimes I mispronounce things
    1
  14781. You also have volume control.
    1
  14782. Someone else mentioned that. I don't know what he is holding- maybe a hand mirror? Code book?
    1
  14783. The photo is odd. He was given a commission, but I don’t know why he would have had a corporal’s jacket.
    1
  14784. Thank you!
    1
  14785. Well shots falling into baseball fields are not the representative sample of celebratory gunfire injuries. There are plenty of examples of injuries and deaths from celebratory gunfire n Florida, Louisiana, Georgia, Texas. It is a chronic New Year's problem in Chicago, but also South Florida and Houston.
    1
  14786. Both injuries were serious by the FAA criteria. The back injury require two days of hospitalization. The seat belt light had already been illuminated due to the turbulence, but some people were still thrown around. Several of the luggage racks opened as hinges or locks were torn free, so it really is surprising there were not more serious injuries.
    1
  14787. I used the pronunciation of the name of the fish, and from a veteran of the boat.
    1
  14788. Hitler was an army corporal at the time. I don’t think he had that sort of authority.
    1
  14789. The Slave Trade by François-Auguste Biard
    1
  14790. To be fair, we never tested that theory on the Russkies.
    1
  14791. Yes, I will do more episodes on Mr Sickles.
    1
  14792. I tastes notoriously foul.
    1
  14793. No- none were preserved
    1
  14794. Awesome story!
    1
  14795. Stuart McPherson the khaki was being used on the northwest frontier ahead of the Second Boer war. Some tie the khaki uniform to the corps of guides, but others take it all the way back to the Mutiny in 1857. In any case, khaki was the made the universal dress for overseas service in 1897, before the Second Boer war.
    1
  14796. Thank you for your service.
    1
  14797. Thank you! Very generous!
    1
  14798. We don't do more than two sponsored episodes a month. We provide ample content for people who don't prefer sponsored content.
    1
  14799. peter okeefe I’ve never seen it described as a rifle. Although it would have been possible, a rifle would have been much less common than a musket. The family genealogy claims that he was born in Massachusetts, and I think that is the most compelling evidence, but quite a few of his biographical descriptions still claim he came to the US as a British soldier.
    1
  14800. That is a type VII C U-Boat U-96. Actually, it was given to me by my wife's uncle, so I am sorry, but I don't know what kit was used.
    1
  14801. Thank you! There is also exclusive content on patreon. The address is www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy.
    1
  14802. My bow ties are provided by The Tie Bar
    1
  14803. See the pinned comment. I was in a no win situation on that one.
    1
  14804. Pretty much, yes. News casters also usually pronounce the s in Le Mans.
    1
  14805. Claim your SPECIAL OFFER for MagellanTV here: https://try.magellantv.com/thehistoryguy. Start your free trial TODAY so you can watch Warrior Women with Lucy Lawless about history’s most charismatic women warriors.: https://www.magellantv.com/series/warrior-women
    1
  14806. Nine that we discovered.
    1
  14807. His name is Pocky.
    1
  14808. The Martin M-130 was a very similar aircraft also operated by Pan American World Airways in the same period. Only three were built, one of which was named the China Clipper. However, at the time all three models of large flying boats used by Pan Am-- the Sikorsky S-42, the Martin M-130, and the Boeing 313- were commonly referred to as China Clippers. The M-130 was roughly similar in size to the Boeing 313, but had a smaller passenger capacity. The difference is most noticeable in the tail design. You are correct, I did include one photo of an M-130, as it showed the Golden Gate bridge in the background.
    1
  14809. If you have some historical artifact, I will do my best to preserve it and display it on set. You can mail to the History Guy, PO Box 1473, O'Fallon, IL 62269
    1
  14810. How does it differ?
    1
  14811. I think I pronounced Covington like three different ways during the video. Sorry for that.
    1
  14812. Correct.
    1
  14813. subscribe to me ill sub back ASAP https://youtu.be/UQC2mDnW9mw
    1
  14814. Thank you for your service!
    1
  14815. That is an R-36 ICBM. That does look a lot like a loaf of bread...
    1
  14816. I am sorry if I mumbled there, but it was her 58th birthday. She had been diagnosed with cancer, and the vacation was partly because they knew they had little time left together. She passed away the following February.
    1
  14817. A number of people have noted that. It is easy to get lost in the animals.
    1
  14818. The allies never admitted to anything other than accidents. While there have been various rumors about some of the raids being deliberate, no definitive evidence has so far surfaced.
    1
  14819. Just started publishing our video intros as shorts to show up in everyone’s feeds again. Glad to have you back!
    1
  14820. max Payne he used a number of classic strategies very effectively, and thoroughly defeated a larger foe.
    1
  14821. I live not far away.
    1
  14822. LOL they're mine! Get your own! ;)
    1
  14823. Thank you!
    1
  14824. Schlitt
    1
  14825. triplesurvival there are a couple of short videos on some of the pieces on my Facebook page. I am doing a series on my hay collection for patrons on Patreon. Www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  14826. It is a map.
    1
  14827. The first flight was actually in December of 1903. Shackleton died of a heart attack on his last expedition in January of 1922.
    1
  14828. That is actually a cool story. the pastries where brought to Denmark by Austrian bakers during a wage-strike by Danish bakers in the 1850s. In Denmark, they are called "wienerbrød," meaning "Viennese." The pastry, as a result, became quite popular in Denmark, and then became associated with the country.
    1
  14829. Barncle Bill that is a good question, and I don’t have a reference that explains it. It is just a common name for the red ensign. It seems odd to compare the naval ensign to a dustcloth. The red ensign goes way back, and was also used by the Royal navy until 1864- so the origin of “The Old Red Duster” may derive from the navy and not the merchant marine. If you find out, let me know!
    1
  14830. I am sorry for your loss.
    1
  14831. crystalrock18 I have not done an episode on a fiddle, but I will look to see what I can find.
    1
  14832. One of the designers told Eric Schlosser that it “absolutely” could have detonated.
    1
  14833. LOL that line has gotten quite a lot of discussion. I do actually have a degree in history. The line came out a bit awkward, and I was trying to cut the intro to be as concise as possible.
    1
  14834. David Andrew Burrows https://youtu.be/kbxrqQFetvI
    1
  14835. I have a few. https://youtu.be/swIev-LlORQ
    1
  14836. Stock footage. There just aren't a lot of PD pictures of Sooty Shearwaters.
    1
  14837. The actual location of his remains are unknown, due to flooding at the cemetery. Attempts to disinter him have been abandoned because useful information is unlikely to be found.
    1
  14838. I am sorry for your loss
    1
  14839. Me too!
    1
  14840. 1862
    1
  14841. That doesn’t make sense, I am right handed.
    1
  14842. gimme a break thank you!
    1
  14843. Social conventions change over time. I don't think that disrespect was intended.
    1
  14844. The article I quoted is a retrospective. News agencies very frequently report on past events. What, in the information from that source, do you assert is inaccurate?
    1
  14845.  @xstatic-ow5mz  what mudslinging? What in the article that I quoted, do you assert is inaccurate?
    1
  14846. Yup, that is exactly what happened.
    1
  14847. constipated in sin city it isn’t. That one is named Lucky Star.
    1
  14848. Yup. I don't think the Legion Etrangere would take The History Guy either.
    1
  14849. Ju M I agree completely.
    1
  14850. We did not shorten the script at all- nothing was left out for the sponsored plug.
    1
  14851. It is the Hudson Brothers.
    1
  14852. I apologize for the error.
    1
  14853. Jon Burk I may do a full episode in the future, but I do talk about them at the end of this episode: https://youtu.be/BSmKaiSlro4
    1
  14854. LOL
    1
  14855. Often two sugar substitutes are combines to cover aftertastes.
    1
  14856. The ads come from Google, and I have limited control over them. But, theoretically, the ads are customized to you, not to the video.
    1
  14857. Dhruv Yadav you are correct, and I misstated that entirely. There were three battalions dropped into drop zone “D,” two from the 501st PIR and one from the 506th PIR. Two of the three battalion commanders, Lt. Col. Carrol of the 1/501 and Lt. Col. Wolverton of the 3/506, and one of the battalion executive officers, Maj. Grant of the 3/506, died in the drop.
    1
  14858. On the contrary, she was asking to be held.
    1
  14859. I did mention Britannic. But, of course, there was not room to tell the story of every hospital ship sunk during the world wars.
    1
  14860. Mostly because pictures of Tommy Cooper are not in the Public Domain.
    1
  14861. My mistake- corrected.
    1
  14862. Lara Washington while there are many claimants to the etymology of the term, which may go back to Scotland and may have started as “the real MacKay,” the Elijah McCoy story is almost certainly a false etymology. While Elijah McCoy was, by all accounts, a brilliant inventor, there is no contemporary record of the use of the term to refer to Elijah McCoy. That idea apparently originated in a liquor ad in Ebony magazine in 1966. The term may not have originated with Joseph McCoy, but we do know that he used the term to refer to himself, and was occasionally described that way in newspapers.
    1
  14863. Using last names is standard journalistic practice.
    1
  14864. Robert Todd Lincoln had three children. The middle child Abraham Lincoln II died at age 16 from an infection. His daughters had a total of three children, all of whom died without having children themselves, thus ending the direct line of Abraham Lincoln.
    1
  14865. Both nations do engage in tests of the right of freedom of passage.
    1
  14866. It was built as a light armored cruiser.
    1
  14867. Lots of history. The Knights have a lease and are restoring Fort St Elmo
    1
  14868. I talk about German rotorcraft in the episode.
    1
  14869. A fair point. Her accusations against the military ruined her career. But in 1917 it was considered unpatriotic to challenge the military at all. She may well have been correct. However, if she had evidence to support her claims, that evidence has not become public.
    1
  14870. India still struggles with cholera.
    1
  14871. Why are economic concerns unflattering?
    1
  14872. Thank you for your service!
    1
  14873. Not "minimal," no, and plenty enough to contribute to the hyperinflation and economic collapse under the Weimar Republic. I take no position on whether they were fair, but the video represents their effect accurately. https://www.history.com/news/germany-world-war-i-debt-treaty-versailles
    1
  14874.  @kevinbarry71  please name a single credible historian who denies that reparations contributed greatly to the economic difficulties under the Weimar Republic. Again, that single line in the introduction was not some judgement on final payments under the Treaty of Versailles. But the comment in the video is accurate and consistent with the overwhelming opinion of historians.
    1
  14875. Those are called "mid-roll" ads, and are managed by Google ads. I understand they cane be disruptive, but turning them off has a significant impact on our income. You might want to consider YouTube premium, which shuts off all ads for a slight monthly fee.
    1
  14876.  @nirfz  It isn’t a German word, it is a Dutch surname. Germany got the name from Diedrich Knickerbocker just like everyone else.
    1
  14877. Those are the glow in the dark ones.
    1
  14878. I mention Vanguard- which never saw combat. But the Iowa class was firing shells in combat twenty nine years after Vanguard was scrapped.
    1
  14879. In general I don't aim for foreign accents. The pronunciation is actually the accepted American pronunciation of Pince-Nez.
    1
  14880. It is a short story.
    1
  14881. LOL I did, and people complained.
    1
  14882. The presidential election for the Russian SFSR was in June- Yeltsin won with 57% of the vote. The coup was in August.
    1
  14883. Neither is UK designed and built- they are joint multinational projects.
    1
  14884. Good morning!
    1
  14885.  @SandyRiverBlue  yup.
    1
  14886. Respectfully, I don’t know where you get the idea that fuses for the Flak 88 were manufactured in the US. The fuses were made of bakelite, and have clearly German manufacturing marks. The bakelite fuse containers can be acquired from military antique suppliers fairly commonly. If you can document the claims I’d be interested, but I can’t find any evidence for what smacks of conspiracy theory.
    1
  14887. BIGBLOCK5022006 well, shooting him might have been another example of people taking the law into their own hands, and so might be counterproductive. But the trial was certainly not justice.
    1
  14888. BrandoBrap they were demolished.
    1
  14889. We eat there frequently
    1
  14890. jeffrey mcfadden quite a few of them are. The video of the Block Island is the ship delivering P-47s to England.
    1
  14891. Speculation about what happened to Etta Place is included in the last video in the compilation. Like Butch and Sundance, she may have been killed in Bolivia participating in a Bank Robbery, or she might have returned to the United States.
    1
  14892. The name is spelled Schake.
    1
  14893. While there is a fair claim, the attack on the Star of the West is not generally considered to be the first shots of the war- possibly because the shots were not seen so by either side, where there was still hope of solution. April 12 is overwhelmingly listed as the date of the start of the war.
    1
  14894. Wow- I don't know what I mixed up there. Yes, the book is by Paul Woodage. The full title is "Angles of Mercy: Two Screaming Eagle Medics in Angoville-Au-Plain on D-Day." I must have confused the author of another quotation. I will add a correction in the comments. Thanks!
    1
  14895. It is a forgotten story- a micro-nation before Sealand...
    1
  14896.  @matthewsecord7641  actually still available,
    1
  14897. Yes, it went crooked by the end. Sorry!
    1
  14898. That is a DC-10 that was disabled by falling ash after the 1991 eruption of Mt. Pinatubo.
    1
  14899. That is the correct pronunciation in the US.
    1
  14900. And that was even more possible in 1948.
    1
  14901. Thank you!
    1
  14902. Yes, same ship
    1
  14903. Here you go: https://youtu.be/3JKBKXIMGNE
    1
  14904. https://youtu.be/eKJjbJxk1yU
    1
  14905. My ties are provided by The Tie Bar. We did have custom The History Guy ties made, and sold them on out Teespring store, but we only had a few.
    1
  14906. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7G0Tw1fRhoE
    1
  14907. Thank you very much!
    1
  14908. Thank you!
    1
  14909. Evidence of his connection to Piltdown was always circumstantial at best, and now considered disproven.
    1
  14910. I said July
    1
  14911. Thank you! I will pass that along. Due to federal regulations, YouTube doesn't allow comments on channels made for children
    1
  14912. I honestly think they were legit convinced that Austria was in such bad shape that the horses might not make it.
    1
  14913. Yes, opportunities for Black Americans were still quite limited at West Point. Jim Fowler- only the fifth Black man to graduate West Point,- was in the class of 1941.
    1
  14914. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    1
  14915. I switch around.
    1
  14916. It grows, I get it cut. It is a cyclical thing.
    1
  14917. That is why I added the caveat "according to research by his son." I am not taking a stand on the claim, but did not want to leave out that first hand account of this event with an odd twist.
    1
  14918. The claim made at the end that the allies had nothing to match the 8.8 was a quotation from Paul Fussell, both a well regarded historian and a WWII veteran. I would submit that the Germans did not express the same fear of the 90mm AA gun as the allies did of the 8.8. Too, the 90 mm mount didn’t allow enough depression to fire a flat trajectory until late in 1943. It simply was not used in the dual role as much as the 88. There is a lot of discussion about the US never using the 17lbr in the Sherman. The general issue was that the US didn’t want to complicate supply and production, nor rely on a foreign supplied gun.
    1
  14919. I agree that there is heroism on all sides. that does not denigrate any particular heroic act.
    1
  14920. North Dakota is actually ahead of Alaska and Vermont as well as Wyoming. Wyoming is the nation's least populous state with a population 579,313, well behind North Dakota's 755,393.
    1
  14921. Roger W. Johnson there are many explanations for the etymology of the term. However, the widely known story of Elijah McCoy is almost certainly a false etymology. The term was not known to have been applied to him or his oiling device at the time. Its first mention in connection to “the real McCoy” was in a magazine in the 1960s. Elijah McCoy was, however, an amazing inventor.
    1
  14922. Roger W. Johnson no worries- it is a popularly known myth, and I am sure there are those who disagree with my assessment. Most likely the phrase originated in Scotland and was originally “the real McKay.” But we do know that the term was contemporarily used to refer to Joseph McCoy, although it likely did not originate with him. Ironically, there appear to have been several “real McCoys.”
    1
  14923. Correct. The same perpetrators engaged in several violent acts in opposition to the war, some with more success.
    1
  14924. I do talk fast.
    1
  14925. Dyna Rider I have some ability to control ads- but I can’t remove a specific advertiser. And, of course, I have a diverse audience. You can subscribe to me on Patreon and get all my content ad-free, or you can subscribe to YouTube Red and get all YouTube ad free. You can also just turn down the volume and put up with commercials. That is how I am compensated for my work.
    1
  14926.  @stevemcelmury4618  the subtitles are generated by YouTube.
    1
  14927. https://youtu.be/wPMg0uSV_1s
    1
  14928. No, it is not. I have no idea why you would say that. I research my sponsors and do not advertise "scams."
    1
  14929. Well, I suppose you have to find some way to pass the tine up there is lesser Canada. ;)
    1
  14930.  @conmcgrath7502  Please email me at TheHistoryGuyyt@gmail.com and I can send a mailing address.
    1
  14931. I apologize for the error.
    1
  14932. Franklin never suggested the turkey as a national bird. That is a myth based on a letter to his sister.
    1
  14933. Thank you!
    1
  14934. I agree that it deserves to be remembered.
    1
  14935. Yes, that was a JN-4
    1
  14936. It is not my view, it is a historical statement predicated on the fact that Pineapples were once so expensive that only royalty could afford them and that the top has a resemblance to a crown.
    1
  14937. LOL
    1
  14938. Christopher Conard there is not a lot of difference between the Oklahoma and Texas panhandles.
    1
  14939. Welcome aboard!
    1
  14940. In the US both the pronunciations "root" and "rowt" are acceptable. It is not my fault that England lost its diphthongs in the eighteenth century.
    1
  14941. Bayley was actually somewhat close, in that he seemed to understand that it was related to sanitation, but the connection was not proven until the 1880s. Effective vaccines were not developed until the 1930s.
    1
  14942. MrPh30 I read that one is in development.
    1
  14943. Yesterday
    1
  14944. I talked about Merville because I thin the story of Pegasus bridge is better known. But yes, it does deserve to be remembered.
    1
  14945. LOL
    1
  14946. Neil Dahlgaard-Sigsworth respectfully, in my opinion, lecturing hundreds of millions of people they were wrong when they celebrated in 2000 serves less social purpose than you seem to think. As centuries are an abstract human invention, isn’t the only relevant standard what the people on the Warrimoo thought? I respect your objection. You are correct, the new century did not officially begin until 1901. But would this be a different story if the same event was purported to have happened, just one year later? And, as “objective” as the numbering of years is, it is objectively meaningful when the first two digits of the year change. Starting with 19 rather than 18 is a perceptual, objective, meaningful difference as worthy of celebration as ending with 01.
    1
  14947. Brad James I think they found US command suspect, given their lack of experience, but I don't think they thought of Americans as inferior troops. The general disagreement was that the French and British thought that the fastest way to get the American troops into combat was to throw them in as replacements with British and French divisions, whereas Pershing was insistent upon the Americans serving as a distinct force.
    1
  14948. Thank you for your service.
    1
  14949. The official name of the gun was the "8.8 cm Flak 18." The Germans used centimeters in their weapons designations. the Allies just called it the "88."
    1
  14950.  @januszkowalski5345  To be fair, the other side acted the exact same way.
    1
  14951. I considered including, and likely would have had there been more photos in the public domain.
    1
  14952. Rmasters33 another viewer mentioned that as well. I believe it to be a myth. The spike was often removed when the helmet was taken into combat, and its design would actually deflect a blade down towards the head. The pickelhaube replaced, largely, the shako, which was designed to make troops appear taller. The design and use of the pickelhaube suggest the spike had the same purpose. On parade, it would attach a horsehair plume.
    1
  14953. Virtually all the photos are 737s, although not all 737-300s and many were photos taken after the engine modifications were made. Some are the "next generation" models with a notably different nose. There are a couple that are just photos of a jet engine that are not 737 engines. No, the 737 did not have a third engine through the vertical stabilizer- maybe you are thinking of the DC-10?
    1
  14954. Those are estimates. But there is a huge Department of agriculture collection documenting hundreds of varieties. Lol, yes, if an apple looks and tastes different it is a different variety. Apples are extreme heterozygotes. Each tree will produce a different type of apple unless cloned via grafting.
    1
  14955. https://youtu.be/LdVJsy9bwqw
    1
  14956. No
    1
  14957. https://youtu.be/wP1kq9H7TYg
    1
  14958. The F-11 and F-16 had actual 20 mm ammunition in their engines- not casings. Air craft can "outrun" rounds, in that rounds will decelerate with time. That is why shots must be well timed and placed.
    1
  14959. xman870096 that is why some experts are sure the F-16 must have been hit by ricochet. The F-11 was a matter of the rounds being fired at a shallow angle, and then the plane being turned to a steeper angle and the after-burner being engaged. He crossed the path of rounds that were naturally falling. But the effect applies in combat- the pilot has to gauge distance and factor in both the movement of the enemy aircraft and the fact that the rounds decelerate and fall with distance to properly “lead” the fire on the enemy plane. If you fired straight on at an enemy at too great a distance, the enemy would “outrun” the ammunition, as it would have fallen below the enemy aircraft. As that ammunition will continue to decelerate, it is not inconceivable that the pilot could maneuver through those falling rounds.
    1
  14960. studinthemaking the Taiping Rebellion
    1
  14961. Thank you!
    1
  14962. That is a good example of improvised armor, which was also used extensively in the Second World War.
    1
  14963. It was from a forest fire.
    1
  14964. I have not heard of that incident, but it seems unlikely. There were only three YF-12s produced, and only one as lost to accident- YF-12A 60-6936 (Article 1003). The accident was described as an "inflight fuel line failure and engine fire." While it is not impossible that the Air Force might obfuscate the cause of a crash of an aircraft with a highly secretive nature, the accident occurred after the plane had been assigned to NASA, so a stores accident seems unlikely. The YF-12 did, according to the Air Force, successfully perform several separation tests.
    1
  14965. Polo!
    1
  14966. Thank you for your service!
    1
  14967. The risk was from contamination, not detonation. The Goldsboro incident was interesting, in that the weapons had moved through much of their arming sequence. There is disagreement as to whether there was ever a real possibility of detonation.
    1
  14968. Which movie?
    1
  14969. The Forgotten Congressional Presidents https://youtu.be/5Cy2Oob5ZfQ
    1
  14970. I suspect they call it a "tie."
    1
  14971. Or by the Democrats shooting people to keep them from voting... If there were pirates involved, they were on all sides.
    1
  14972. I don’t think anyone does- that is the humor in the song.
    1
  14973. LOL no no
    1
  14974. The advertisements are managed by Google ads, nit the channel. Do you not know how YouTube works?
    1
  14975. They are notoriously foul tasting.
    1
  14976. Слава ленина that is an incredible story! Than you for sharing!
    1
  14977. USS Gray Ghost we have not done an episode on him yet.
    1
  14978. The ski jumper that was always featured in the opening credits was a Slovenian named Vinko Bogataj. The failed jump occurred at a competition in March of 1970. He suffered a broken ankle and a mild concussion. He was unaware for decades that the footage was being used on the program.
    1
  14979. The discovery of the continent of Antartica is generally credited to an 1820 Russian expedition commanded by Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen.
    1
  14980. They were simply soldiers. war is war, but that does not mean that we cannot respect the enemy.
    1
  14981. Yes, there are no photos of the plane that only flew once. The only photo in the entire episode of the actual plane involved was the navy photo at the very end of the F-14 AIM-6 missile misfiring.
    1
  14982. A nickname for the city coined by Washington Irving. https://youtu.be/RkxYjNmiP1Y
    1
  14983. mike lankford actually it is Jack Welch’s book, “From the Gut.” It was something of a must read when I was doing corporate stuff around the turn of the century.
    1
  14984. He was from New York.
    1
  14985. I have no control of the content of the advertising. On YouTube that is done through Google AdSense. The ads are, in theory, customized to your interests. But, to be clear, whatever ad that YouTube and Google choose to show on monetized videos is not chosen by, and does not represent my channel.
    1
  14986. https://youtu.be/P0QSUI9Kwmc
    1
  14987. LOL so do I! She is awesome!
    1
  14988. G Kess yes, measured between the inner faces of the load bearing rails.
    1
  14989. Just a cold
    1
  14990. There were actually two ways to pronounce Norge in the pronunciation guide, I chose the one that didn't make it sound like I was trying to fake a Norwegian accent. You are correct about the name of the Hindenberg. Thank you for pointing that out. On that point, it is worth noting some connections with the episode. In 1930/31 the Graf Zeppelin visited Spitsbergen, the launching off point for the Norge, it then underwent an arctic exploration that included meeting up with a Soviet icebreaker that was carrying Umberto Nobile.
    1
  14991. The theory had nothing to do with trying to remove moisture. The hope was to disrupt the eyewall.
    1
  14992. That is a true story.
    1
  14993. All three are types of plastic. For the purposes of the episode, the biggest difference is that celluloid was invented first. My understanding is that both Bakelite and Nylon are made from synthetic polymers, as opposed to cellulose, which uses a natural polymer.
    1
  14994. https://youtu.be/urYvBb7_OBM
    1
  14995. I did not see one, but I haven't been there in a few years. There is a display in the National Museum of the United Sates Air Force in Dayton.
    1
  14996. https://youtu.be/RjPNvbYX1Bw
    1
  14997.  @robertwalsh1724  thank you!
    1
  14998. https://youtu.be/pN1uWf2_t_g
    1
  14999. According to Lockheed they imported rutile ore.
    1
  15000. That is not completely fair. The Black actors in the 1918 film were Black. Notably, Madame Sul-Te-Wan played Jane's maid, Esmerelda. She was the first black actress to sign a film contract and be a featured performer. Although uncredited, Tarzan of the Apes was Rex Ingram’s first movie- he was literally “discovered” on a street corner by the casting director. He went on to a respectable movie career. There are white actors in blackface in the 1960s Ron Ely series, but Rockne Tarkington was a main character. A young James Earl Jones also appeared in a few episodes. There were a few notable Black performers in the Weissmeuller era, notably Everett Brown. Not to belittle your point. Black performers seemed to play very small roles for an adventure set in Africa. But the Tarzan movies also offered rare opportunities that helped start successful careers in a time when there were few such opportunities for Black performers.
    1
  15001. I’ll pass it on. YouTube doesn’t allow comments on channels made for kids.
    1
  15002. Maybe- there are a few stories about the Falklands.
    1
  15003. Please contact us at business@thehistoryguy.net.
    1
  15004. Yes, pears are similar to apples, and both are of the Rosaceae family.
    1
  15005. The idea of retrospective Nobel prizes is interesting.
    1
  15006. constipated in sin city you mean to see Barry Manilow? Probably not... ;). We may do some homage that day though- there are a few Area 51 topics.
    1
  15007. Not on the schedule yet, but I’d love to!
    1
  15008. A percentage in both do the cut and switch. But the US is described as the only majority cut and switch country.
    1
  15009. That clip is from Stagecoach to Denver (1946.) It is a Red Ryder film with Allan Lane. Peter Falk's first film role wasn't until 1958. Red Ryder does, of course, have his boy Indian companion, Little Beaver, who was played by thirteen year old Robert Blake, but he isn't in any of the clips I used on this episode.
    1
  15010. I believe that that is the M1855 sword bayonet, The photo is New York state militia, but the date of the photo predates the events of the episode.
    1
  15011. svtirefire I am guessing those are cloth over molded plastic- still cool.
    1
  15012. I simply do not hear these issues, I use top end microphones.
    1
  15013. Yes, Magellan's expedition is considered to be the first European contact with Guam. There are more details on that part of the visit in Guam's online encyclopedia: https://www.guampedia.com/ferdinand-magellan/#Expedition_accounts_and_naming_of_Ladrones
    1
  15014. Peter K https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/the-worlds-largest-terrier-mascot-menands-new-york
    1
  15015. I’d suspect not. Cats tend to ignore things established for them. My guess is the internet was created for some entirely other purpose and a cat laid on it.
    1
  15016. A point I make at the end. However, as the audience for the video is far more likely to have been aware of napoleon than Nader Shah, the comparison is apt and useful.
    1
  15017. Ooof. Obscure reference these days. In retrospect it was not good clinical advice to try to run your way through chest pain.
    1
  15018.  @johnstirling6597  how much Fred drank is a question without a definitive answer. Some seemed to suggest he was very much a lush, others who knew him denied that. Mike Campbell offers a thorough discussion of the subject: https://earharttruth.wordpress.com/2015/01/06/fred-noonans-drinking-in-search-of-the-true-story/
    1
  15019. I may well do an episode in the future, yes. It was an exceptionally loud boom.
    1
  15020. Thank you!
    1
  15021. Counter rotating meant the left propeller spun clockwise while the right one spun counter clockwise. You wouldn't be able to see the difference.
    1
  15022. http://www.world-race.net/
    1
  15023. I don't think that was the case here, but I did discuss the term in this episode: https://youtu.be/tiTzb-0Z-ag?si=FkQWSwVTzcVo_MwL
    1
  15024. The initial deployment was one battalion. The commitment grew over time. There was also RAAF and RAN participation, as well as support and medical personnel.
    1
  15025. I think it simply meant that he was very tough.
    1
  15026. Yes, another great story.
    1
  15027. I have not yet, but I do plan to do more early automotive history.
    1
  15028. Hank Bier the photos are public domain images from the age of steam rail.
    1
  15029. 550 mm
    1
  15030.  @jeffolsen4983  New Madrid has always been on the west bank of the Mississippi. Geologists suggest that the river might sometime cut across the oxbow at the Kentucky bend, stranding a small part of Fulton county on the wrong side of the river, but that would not affect New Madrid. I suspect that you might be thinking of Kaskaskia, Il, which, due to a river shift, sits now on the west side of the Mississippi.
    1
  15031. Of course, Pulaski would have had no such choice.
    1
  15032. Actually, the Thames is considered one of the cleanest rivers in the world. But the London system is now overloaded, threatening that.
    1
  15033. Thank you!
    1
  15034. Thank you!
    1
  15035. Absaalookemensch LOL
    1
  15036. Wow- I honestly don't know what algorithm YouTube uses for ad targeting.
    1
  15037. @ thank you Matthew. I purchased from Amazon. Perhaps an episode in October. Best!
    1
  15038. Truman said that he would "rather have that medal around my neck." But, the terminology "won" the medal of honor was by far most common even into the 2000s, and the argument not to use that word only arrived in the 1990s. In fact, the terminology "won the Medal of Honor" was used as late as 2001 when officially awarding the medal. I understand the argument, and have changed my terminology over my time as The History Guy. But understand that In Truman's time nobody would have been offended by saying that someone had "won" the medal. That sensibility is actually rather new.
    1
  15039. Eric Taylor that is an awesome movie!
    1
  15040. I saw it in theaters and loved it. I still think it is an interesting idea.
    1
  15041. Eric Taylor I think I was sixteen when I saw it, and don’t recall seeing it since. But I loved it at the time. It was disappointing, though, that we didn’t get to see them fight. I agree, though, how would anyone explain it? And might we end up losing the war by stopping Pearl Harbor? But, if you recall, they do change history in the movie. The counterfactuals of history are perplexing enough without time travel...
    1
  15042. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J034vtAzd_w - locally, it is pronounced as I did.
    1
  15043. Everyone says that?
    1
  15044. How so?
    1
  15045. Never!
    1
  15046. Actually, the dire wolves were in the Americas- i don;t thunk they've found evidence of them in Europe.
    1
  15047. fred michaels we can only use pictures in the public domain, and only have what is available. Unfortunately, there are not many photographs of Killer Miller or his victims. We make it quite clear in the description that photos are for illustration only, and do not pretend they are of actual events. We spend many hours collecting media, but we cannot manufacture photos that do not exist.
    1
  15048. It didn’t get a fair shake. But the reputation was permanently sullied.
    1
  15049. sirrliv correct- by excluding carriers below 10,000 ton displacement from the national tonnage limits the treaty sparked a boom in carrier construction.
    1
  15050. Well, shooting in the back from ambush might be considered lower than most.
    1
  15051. Not according to the man who named it. https://spaceref.com/status-report/nasa-new-horizons-the-pis-perspective-two-for-the-price-of-one/
    1
  15052. Jonathan is thought to be the oldest currently living terrestrial animal known. He is not, though, the oldest lived tortoise in history according to the Guinness Book of Records, as Tu'i Malila, who died in 1965, is the longest lived tortoise whose age can be verified. There are a few others who are thought to have lived longer, but their ages cannot be verified. In any case, the lives of tortoises certainly out the lives of people into perspective.
    1
  15053. He was not escaping with the intent of returning to his unit.
    1
  15054. That is an interesting discussion, and there is definitely still disagreement. The National Gallery in London considers the attribution confirmed, and the sale price suggests that it is largely accepted.
    1
  15055. Lol yes, made me laugh, so I decided to include the quotation
    1
  15056.  @veronicac5041  only mitochondrial DNA could be extracted, nuclear DNA could not. All the DNA was able to demonstrate was maternal lineage- that the bones belonged to Casimir Pulaski based on comparison with the remains of a grand niece.
    1
  15057. That depends upon the measure. But the comparison is in the initial landing only- that is, Operation Neptune. In terms of the overall invasion- Operation Overlord- the invasion of France was substantially larger than the invasion of Okinawa.
    1
  15058. Correct. That information is all in the episode.
    1
  15059. I saw that too. Little guy.
    1
  15060. Yes, you can find the podcast on Spotify as well as most other places you can find podcasts! https://open.spotify.com/show/676pbw3ZdUs0ccXSlsoLUZ
    1
  15061. Ed Pulaski was a Forest Ranger. He invented the tool in the early twentieth century.
    1
  15062.  @garywagner2466  LOL. To show there are no hard feelings we made sure y’all didn’t end up speaking German. ;)
    1
  15063. None of the allied AA cannons were built to used in the direct fire role like the 8.8 cm Flak. The Soviet 85 mm air defense gun M1939 was never feared as an antitank gun like the 8.8. nor was the US 90 mm gun M1. Both required significant modification for the direct fire role. Of course everyone had guns, but German tankers did not fear allied anti-aircraft guns.
    1
  15064.  @azgarogly  you are being disingenuous. The 85 was provided with limited AT ammunition, but use in that role was extremely rare- in fact seen as only an emergency action. The mount was not designed for targets below horizontal, the barrel was not designed for fast replacement, the gun too heavy to reasonably use. It was far more the equivalent of Germans impressing the 155 artillery gun into an AT role- which essentially required that the tank drive in front of the gun. The unique characteristic of the 88 was that it was designed for the multi role. Allied AA guns of comparable muzzle velocity were not. Even the heavy allied AT guns did not manage the ease of emplacement or rate of fire of the 8.8. I do not mean to get into a technical debate, nor am I one those that claims that everything German was superior. But it is contrary to real combat experience to claim that the Soviet 85 mm AA gun was comparable to an 88, except, possibly, against medium bombers. It wasn’t. To your second point- the claim that AT guns were more important to Germans. Much of the fight in the East was with the Soviets on defense. At Kursk the Germans were fighting entrenched positions, and yet Soviets took tank losses on the order of seven to one. It is not true that Soviet AT guns were better, (and the Germans had excellent AT guns) nor that the Germans were more dependent upon AT guns. I am not belittling the allies, who, of course, won the war. But, in their winning strategies and equipment was no equivalent to this weapon.
    1
  15065. It was certainly a failure that they did not know she was in India, yes.
    1
  15066. BlueBaron3339 I only use media in the public domain, and resolution isn’t always good.
    1
  15067. LOL
    1
  15068. And nearly forty years later.
    1
  15069. I do not control the ads in any way. The ads are by Google. Please do not punish my efforts for things I cannot control.
    1
  15070. Caturday Nite with only one eye.
    1
  15071. Kevin Roberts there is, supposedly, a current project to make one.
    1
  15072. Kevin Roberts actually Channing Tatum is the name that has been mentioned.
    1
  15073. Yes, that is on my list.
    1
  15074. Thank you!
    1
  15075. The change was small enough that it could be done over the course of normal track maintenance.
    1
  15076. I still release three videos a week. We release podcasts every other Tuesday, to be found wherever you get podcasts. We then post here, as we have viewers who like listen to them on YouTube.
    1
  15077. You are wrong throughout this rude diatribe. NASA has repeatedly answered on the issue, calling the “knee” pronunciation an “inside shibboleth.” In fact, NASA historians say that it was pronounced differently across NASA and that both pronunciations are, and were, perfectly acceptable. Really, it is ridiculous to gin up such a nonsense complaint just to insult someone else’s effort. Do better. https://www.wral.com/amp/story/why-does-first-man-say-gemini-as-geminee-nasa-explains-sorta-/17923342/
    1
  15078. I do too! The trailer is in the Public Domain, so I use the footage when I can.
    1
  15079. Thank you!
    1
  15080. Thank you!
    1
  15081.  @johnvradenburg192  I have not produced an episode on pre-income tax taxation.
    1
  15082. That is neither the purpose for which it was invented, nor an appropriate use of the modern product.
    1
  15083. Thank you!
    1
  15084. One of them became a ski instructor in California: https://youtu.be/BecF_NEWeQ8
    1
  15085. In general, pictures from 1961 not taken by a federal employee are not in the Public Domain. THG respects copyright.
    1
  15086.  @jacobvaughn2696  thank you!
    1
  15087. There have been three movie biographies of Joseph Petrosino: The Adventures of Lieutenant Petrosino (1912); Pay or Die (1960); and The Black Hand (1973). Paramount has announced that another is in production.
    1
  15088. Absolutely- in the end it is story of good intentions in the face of futility.
    1
  15089. My mistake, I apologize for the error.
    1
  15090. Thank you!
    1
  15091. LOL TMI
    1
  15092. LOL
    1
  15093. CSelH the US Army Air Corps ceased to exist as an administrative echelon in June, 1941. It was replaced by the US Army Air Forces as a means to give the force greater autonomy. The 8th Air Force operated as part of the USAAF, not the USAAC. The change and distinction was important in terms of administration. While the Air Corps remained as a “combat arm,” it was not an administrative unit. The terminology used in the episode is correct.
    1
  15094. I have never heard that story. I will research it. Thanks!
    1
  15095. Only rarely is that offered in the contract. Advertisers don't really like to pay to put ads where people will not watch them.
    1
  15096. Sort of. The CAB determined that the actual collision occurred over a dam spillway and was truly sparsely populated area, but, as the accident shows, the area that can be impacted is much larger. I also suspect that the local fly zone was much less populated when it was created.
    1
  15097. I am a big fan of The Tie Bar.
    1
  15098.  @boblynch2802  Able Archer and the World's Most Dangerous Year https://youtu.be/dZNoISRg494
    1
  15099. The article doesn't make that clear: https://www.bendbulletin.com/localstate/7048928-151/la-pine-man-restoring-plane-flown-by-bazooka
    1
  15100. There were sixteen fleet carriers- 11 from the US and five British- in the original OB, although not that many for the full battle. There were six light carriers and 22 escort carriers in addition to the 16 fleet carriers. The fleet carriers were: Hornet, Wasp, Bennington, Enterprise, Franklin, Randolph, Essex, Bunker Hill, Hancock, Yorktown, Intrepid, Indomitable, Victorious, Illustrious, Indefatigable, and Formindable.
    1
  15101. I disagree- I would say that courage is very often shown in situations over which the individual has no control.
    1
  15102. She had Easter pastels...
    1
  15103. Thank you!
    1
  15104. I suspect so, since Jumbo was in the London Zoo for years.
    1
  15105. I don’t know how you came to that conclusion.
    1
  15106. The F84 is not swept wing
    1
  15107. I watch Magellan TV a lot. It has hundreds of documentaries that aren’t about war.
    1
  15108. They are often the object of discussion during our live chats on Friday evenings at www.thehistoryguyguild.locals.com for supporters. Would love to have you join us there.
    1
  15109. As Canada is a nation now, and Newfoundland is part of Canada today, Newfoundland history is Canadian history.
    1
  15110. Thank you!
    1
  15111. Thank you!
    1
  15112. Thanks for sharing!
    1
  15113. Captain Robert Ford First Officer John H. Mack Second Officer/Navigator Roderick N. Brown Third Officer James G. Henriksen Fourth Officer John D. Steers First Engineer Homans K. "Swede" Roth Second Engineer John B. "Jocko" Parish First Radio Officer John Poindexter Second Radio Officer Oscar Hendrickson Purser Barney Sawicki Asst Purser Verne C. Edwards
    1
  15114. While the 41st president did wear prescription glasses, and was more commonly photographed in them than most presidents, he did not wear them all the time. Glasses were not included in either his official portrait nor his portrait in the National Portrait Gallery.
    1
  15115. Lol I never took it quite that far
    1
  15116. I don't thuink he can be held responsible- John Hertz died when OJ was fourteen years old.
    1
  15117. No.
    1
  15118.  @tellyboy17  The cats are simply part of our home. They tend to be fascinated with me filming (who are you talking to human?) If one wants to be held when I am filming, I hold them. It is often that or they make noise.
    1
  15119. I have many episodes that do not end with tragedy. But tragedy is part of history.
    1
  15120. There are only a few pictures of the Piper PA-31 in the public domain, largely because it has not been used much for government work. I respect copyright, and am limited to what is available.
    1
  15121. My county in Southern Illinois is also named after St Clair.
    1
  15122. I have not done an episode on Liberty. I've started to write it many times, but there are more ???? than answers.
    1
  15123. https://www.howtopronounce.com/german/von-spee
    1
  15124. They were facing out. Those are little submarines.
    1
  15125. Yes
    1
  15126. Wow! Thank you!
    1
  15127. Thank you! I am glad you like the video! Patreon is a site where you can support artists and creators. Www.patreon.com/TheHistoryGuy
    1
  15128. Cheers to Mr. Friday, sounds like he made an impression worth remembering.
    1
  15129. Aside from shoot down a number of allied aircraft. The term is rather commonly used to refer to Manfred Von Richthofen. https://www.theguardian.com/notesandqueries/query/0,5753,-2791,00.html
    1
  15130. A fellow Cornwell fan. Still a bit peeved he hasn't finished the Starbuck Chronicles.
    1
  15131. There were many other ammunition ship explosions during the war.
    1
  15132. Full video here: https://youtu.be/tGlLwtqhUKE
    1
  15133. I don't have direct light in the studio- umbrella lamps aren't enough. They all work fine in good light.
    1
  15134. Agreed. in fact, the original term was quite possibly "The real McKay." the term was, however, used to refer to Joseph McCoy in his time.
    1
  15135. Lol
    1
  15136. Gizmo Madug fair point, but she was tried and jailed in England
    1
  15137. The photo purports to be of a train with the Oregon Railway and Navigation Company, not Heppner specifically.
    1
  15138. Thanks!
    1
  15139. Anything there?
    1
  15140. The point of the episode was not to blame the doctrine on Catholicism, but to state a prevailing attitude in anti-Catholic England.
    1
  15141. At the time of the Bombardment of Orleans the captain was Kapitänleutnant Richard Feldt. there is a photograph here: https://uboat.net/wwi/men/commanders/69.html
    1
  15142. White elephants are perceived to be propitious in Myanmar, Thailand, Laos and Cambodia to this day..
    1
  15143. The Intro is approximately eight seconds, and you can skip it if you wish by dragging the timeline forward. I feel no guilt briefly adding a line at the bottom advertising a page that helps to pay my bills. Sorry, seeking very modest remuneration is not "begging." Respectfully, maybe you are being absurdly sensitive here. Please show basic respect for the people who put effort into their work. We should not feel guilt asking for support.
    1
  15144. AirEstes’s History the picture at 11:07 is aboard the Olympia.
    1
  15145. Even the official page of Parliament acknowledges that the name Big Ben is often used to refer to the tower. https://www.parliament.uk/bigben
    1
  15146. Agreed- we had good reason for our actions.
    1
  15147. Yes, the explosion aboard Sultana is a tragic story. https://youtu.be/5DLKI4VltuE
    1
  15148. Lots of articles, including the Reader’s Digest, seem to have taken the story seriously. I honestly don’t know how- it is pretty ridiculous on face and the holes should have been easily researched.
    1
  15149. Stainless steel is used extensively in auto manufacturing. For example, exhaust systems are usually some 40 - 50% comprised of stainless steel.
    1
  15150. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGiOiy5iEknofAHybnRdaHTW
    1
  15151. I have met hundreds who do. It depends where you are in the state.
    1
  15152. He'll see THE BIG BOARD!
    1
  15153. Twenty eight died.
    1
  15154. LOL clearly I need more Babbel...
    1
  15155. I can say with authority that I pronounces St Louis correctly..
    1
  15156. Epic story- we may well do an episode some day.
    1
  15157. Severity One that is hard to say- but it made a huge difference that the transcontinental route was done at the standard gauge.
    1
  15158. We are careful about accepting sponsorships, but will still likely do sponsored episodes from time to time.
    1
  15159. Tina McLaughlin he was “general quarters officer of the deck” that day, which would have had him front and center coordinating the deck activities during the crisis.
    1
  15160. Curacoa is an alternate spelling that, for no reason that I can find, the Royal Navy chose to use.
    1
  15161. I agree, I would love for her to have been preserved.
    1
  15162. ?? No.
    1
  15163. That was John Belushi. yes, 1941 was loosely based on the Bombardment of Ellwood
    1
  15164. Ace Aardvark how do you find a specific comment section on Gab?
    1
  15165.  @Wraith-Knight  he did not have children, no, and never fathered children.
    1
  15166. Steve Fowler I found no record of a film, but much of the reference was in Russian.
    1
  15167. My Mistake, sorry
    1
  15168. Thank you!
    1
  15169. Google Plus Blows Chunks it is a word.
    1
  15170. I think the quotation is referring to a recorded event where a man drove 500 turkeys from Iowa and Missouri to Denver. In fact that trek would be a few hundred miles.
    1
  15171. 96598 for Amundson Scott station. 96599 for McMurdo station.
    1
  15172. I apologize for the error.
    1
  15173. It was during one of the "cold intervals"," or so called "little ice age."
    1
  15174. It was more properly described as brackish, in that it had more salt than freshwater but the salinity was well below that of seawater. The sources are fresh water, and NASA describes it as having been a fresh water lake. Of course, as the sea reduced the salinity increased.
    1
  15175. Gift from a fan.
    1
  15176. LOL yes, sorry, they are 650 inches.
    1
  15177. The only way a cat gets in the video is if they want to be held, or they are making noise and have to be corralled.
    1
  15178. C. A. G. Quora is wrong. The plane took off from a road in front of Michaud, not from the levee.
    1
  15179. Fredric Underhill it does, but the book and the movie predate the crash, so they could not have been based on it. It is just a very strange coincidence.
    1
  15180. The items on the shelves are constantly changing. 😁 I watch comments to see if people notice anything new back there.
    1
  15181. Maybe-- it is a surprising story.
    1
  15182. LOL
    1
  15183. Cliff Griffen I think that your mistake here is to confuse a history of a specific document- the King James Version- as a theological treatise. We interpret no scriptures, and so cannot have misinterpreted any. We never did, nor ever would on this channel, attempt to define the accuracy of biblical predictions. I don’t see, in your criticism, any indication of any inaccuracy in the episode. Rather, your complaint seems to be that a channel that does not claim to be a channel on theology did not, in an episode that did not claim to discuss the meaning, intent, or truth of a religious document, turn into a broad bible study. The “validity of the bible” is not a question for historians. Respectfully, you can find such discussion elsewhere.
    1
  15184. Since you are in the area, if you are interested, I will be appearing live at McKendree University in Lebanon IL in March. https://www.mckendree.edu/the_hett/speaker-series.php
    1
  15185. That question is moot. Germany did not have the helium, and the US wouldn't give it to them. We do know, however, that Hindenburg designer Hugo Eckener south to use helium, owing to the crash the of the hydrogen-filled R101, in which most of the crew died in the fire rather than the impact.
    1
  15186. Thank you!
    1
  15187. There are over 100 grades of Stainless steel representing different uses. But, to be stainless steel it must include a minimum of 11% chromium by mass.
    1
  15188. That was a tragedy involving USS Akron that occurred in San Diego in 1932.
    1
  15189. Good catch. The reason is that is a pattern coin for the mercury dime. Those are proofs used for design approval, and often have odd elements to them. Pattern coins are actually quire rare and valuable to numismatists.
    1
  15190. His cell was not as cushy after the escape.
    1
  15191. Interesting idea. It is used as fertilizer because it wards off some pests.
    1
  15192. Thank you for the comment. *takes a moment to think “do I want to get paid for my work?” * Answer, “Yes.” If a minute or two to consider a sponsor, or a few seconds to fast forward are just too much effort for you to enjoy the product of my effort, I can’t fix that. We understand that some people do not prefer sponsored content. We clearly state at the start of the video and in the description that an episode is sponsored. If that bothers you, I might suggest you instead watch one of the nine or ten episodes we produce each month without sponsored content. We also produce a version without the sponsored content for or patrons on Patreon and our YT subscribers.
    1
  15193. Do you mean the Goliad massacre?
    1
  15194. I'd have used it if I had it.
    1
  15195. The Days of the week were unaffected
    1
  15196. I have not. Yet.
    1
  15197. That occurred some decades before Actium. I am sure we'll get that story into an episode.
    1
  15198. They are officially called White Elephants in Thailand.
    1
  15199. Thank you!
    1
  15200. Because the years zero to 100 are the first century
    1
  15201. Well, that was a recruiting film.
    1
  15202. I spend hours studying pronunciations. Our experience is that no matter how you pronounce it, you've pronounced it wrong. The pronunciation of Seeadler used in the episode is the American pronunciation. Americans in WWII would not have preferred the German pronunciation.
    1
  15203. hoosierhiver grim tale...
    1
  15204. LOL Loosely based. I love the movie, but aside from them being cavalry behind the lines, it is fiction.
    1
  15205. It was all over at the start of the war. There was enormous initial public enthusiasm on all sides.
    1
  15206. Chris Walford correct. Sorry for the mistake.
    1
  15207. The standard gauge is very similar to the apparent axle width for which Roman roads were designed, and there are a lot of Roman roads in England. But it is not clear that the gauge was actually derived from those roads, as there were many gauges originally. We know that the 4 foot 8 1/2 gauge was derived from an original mine car track, but my understanding is that no one has proven that that track was related to the Roman roads. It might simply be a coincidence that that width is a natural fit given the average size of humans.
    1
  15208. She prefers Ms History Guy, but yes, that is my wife and business partner.
    1
  15209. It is.
    1
  15210. Didivs Ivlianvs the plant doesn’t just flip half way through. The part of the planet facing the sun slowly rotates during the orbit, producing seasons. Each pole will have a “summer” where it is, more or less, directly facing the sun that represents about 1/4 of the orbit, or Uranus year.
    1
  15211. Turqoise Illinois sorry, I am already married.
    1
  15212. Was it this guy? https://youtu.be/P3hbsYDpeto
    1
  15213. Rodney was an inter-war vessel.
    1
  15214. It is called “Highway Wildflowers.”
    1
  15215. We usually limit to two sponsored episodes a month.
    1
  15216. I may do an episode on Alabama, yes. I briefly mention it here: https://youtu.be/oJWjTp7DHEk
    1
  15217. https://youtu.be/F4Hu_pJx7oA?si=X_Rr8O4D89Wj0FQq
    1
  15218. I hear there is a museum in the area that posits that it was a hyena. It seems as good an answer as any.
    1
  15219. John Allison https://youtu.be/iWmdsAGgczs
    1
  15220. Thank you!
    1
  15221. Yoi did have to register. There are some photos and videos included in this episode of the process.
    1
  15222. He actually used a rowboat.
    1
  15223. https://www.bnd.com/living/magazine/article230133169.html
    1
  15224. This was, in fact, the last episode on the old microphone.
    1
  15225. Possibly- it is a little known event that definitely deserves to be remembered.
    1
  15226. Interesting! Thanks!
    1
  15227. That might actually be a story about Christopher Columbus, although he leveraged a lunar eclipse.
    1
  15228. Thank you!
    1
  15229. Fair point, but by the time of the battle at San Juan heights Wood had been promoted to brigadier general. Theodore Roosevelt did command the Rough Riders after Wood's promotion.
    1
  15230.  @patbaker399  Not to be argumentative, but that photo was taken by George Rockwell in October 1898. The war was already over and he had been promoted to Colonel and given command of the regiment months before.
    1
  15231. Pat Baker in the actual picture on top Kettle Hill, he does not have the side pinned.
    1
  15232.  @brittakriep2938  and it was a double standard to vilify unrestricted submarine warfare and not the North Sea minefield. It was, of course, war.
    1
  15233. Change your ringtone. ;)
    1
  15234. chas sisom the survivor accounts are terrifying, and, at very least, do not describe an animal with which they were familiar. But the accounts were, of course, recorded in the same press that might have been exaggerated. They serve to deepen the mystery, but do not provide a definitive answer.
    1
  15235. Army won in 1908, Navy in 1910. The game was not played in 1909.
    1
  15236. That is why we've added several spooky topics for October.
    1
  15237. Double-labeling is sometimes called "soft metrication." The UK also kept their railway gauge, they just state the same gauge in millimeters.
    1
  15238. Several. Soviet stuff is actually pretty easy to acquire- there is a lot of surplus.
    1
  15239. Agreed- the glass panels are stunning.
    1
  15240. Enterprise was struck twice by Kamikazes during the campaign.
    1
  15241. https://youtu.be/tbKgFWUMgIc
    1
  15242. Yes, a gift from a viewer.
    1
  15243. Bob Smith that is part of the point of the episode, and the reason that historians continue to search for evidence.
    1
  15244. Happy to share this knowledge with you
    1
  15245. Yes, both were derived from similar history. Barbacoa is a Spanish word derived from a Taino word. The tradition was taken from the Caribbean to Mexico by the Spanish. In the US, the California "Santa Maria" BBQ had a lot of Mexican influence.
    1
  15246. Carandini the reason I tend towards lion is the tail, which looks even less like a hyena than a wolf. Hyenas are also largely nocturnal hunters, and do not leap as describes. I could buy that it was an exotic (although admittedly wolves+hysteria is more likely.) But nothing in the physical or behavioral description says hyena to me...
    1
  15247. Cherokee44 Oklahoma but today war with Japan would be almost impossible. We have developed too close economic and cultural ties. Obviously I am not denigrating the sacrifices of the Marines, nor even the Japanese, who clearly believed in their cause at the time. But Fujita is largely correct. Once two peoples get to know each as friends, war becomes far less likely.
    1
  15248. Agreed
    1
  15249. I apologize for the error. I appreciated his book.
    1
  15250. studinthemaking yes- more than twelve million tons of shipping.
    1
  15251. Thank you!
    1
  15252. Others have mentioned Cannae. I think it is a fair point. The issue is the reliability of casualty estimates of ancient battles.
    1
  15253. Arrrrrrr
    1
  15254. https://youtu.be/sdmBYFKHHWg
    1
  15255. Please email us at thehistoryguyYT@gmail.com and we can give a mailing address.
    1
  15256. There was no Canada in 1775. This was nearly a century before confederation. But, as Newfoundland is today part of Canada, this is Canadian history.
    1
  15257.  @peterpelly5756  of course it is British colonial history. But of the British colony that today constitutes part of Canada. I don’t understand exactly what your complaint is.
    1
  15258. I also did an episode on Operation Barbarossa, that also occurred on June 22. Sometimes I have to aim for "around" the anniversary.
    1
  15259. I do not use "propaganda," and am frankly offended by your misrepresentation of what I said. I accurately stated the reason given by Roosevelt, and I take no stand on whether such a threat was real. In fact, I specifically used the word "allegedly," hardly something that someone who, for some obtuse reason, is "doing propaganda" would do. I don't know which bias your are working from, but I would ask that you not project it onto me. That aside, the allies, and Churchill in particular, were not shy in publicly stating that they would use poison gas only if the enemy did so first. There was obvious reason for concern, as the Reich created and stockpiled some 12,000 tons of Sarin gas. Some historians argue that the only reason that Hitler refused to use the agent was fear that the allies would retaliate in kind. As neither side employed poison gas, it is impossible to tell if either would have absent the credible threat of retaliation by the other side. As to the threat that Roosevelt specifically mentioned, it is likely he was referring to a 1943 report by British intelligence that the Nazis were prepared to use gas against the Russians in the Donets Basin. Again, I don't take any stand on whether the report was accurate, but merely reported the reasoning that was stated by the allies at the time.
    1
  15260. https://youtu.be/tWx6gufENSs
    1
  15261. The name of the award is listed by the Reed museum.
    1
  15262. I can only talk about so much in 20 minutes. I hope to tell many more stories in the future.
    1
  15263. Mike kirock there seems to be no record of such a communication. There were many reasons for the cancellation, but even experts at the Canadian Air and Space Museum fault Canadian politics more than any foreign interference.
    1
  15264. What date? That was probably a form of store credit.
    1
  15265. you are correct- my mistake.
    1
  15266. Thank you for your service!
    1
  15267. Absolutely! I can't say when, but it is definitely on the list.
    1
  15268. His name is Pocky
    1
  15269. Thank you!
    1
  15270. Correct
    1
  15271. According to the Park Service, the ladder to the arm has never been open to the public since the Black Tom explosion. However, many people seem to recall making the trip.
    1
  15272. The automatic captioning is a bit of an adventure.
    1
  15273. What year did this happen?
    1
  15274. Please do! Thank you!
    1
  15275. Kinda...
    1
  15276. None of the ships were nuclear. I suspect they were demilitarized and rather too old to be of much use to the CIA. I am sorry, the New York Times didn't give details on where they went for scrap.
    1
  15277. That is a scammer. Please ignore them.
    1
  15278. Fair point.
    1
  15279. Martyna Ożóg the lion theory supposes that Chastel’s last kill was not the Beast of Gévaudan, but just a wolf. The actual beast was likely killed by poison bait. No, no-one suggests the beast changed species. Yes, the most likely explanation is that the attacks were the result of a wolf or wolves. Slightly less probable is the claim of a hybrid canid. I discuss both in the episode. The point made in the episode is that the beast was as much a cultural phenomenon of the time as it was a biological entity. It really doesn’t matter what the beast was.
    1
  15280. Martyna Ożóg again, the point is that the events of the period likely drove the interpretation of events. The discussion of what it was biologically is mostly for entertainment. If the wolf that Chastain killed was not the beast, then there are no remains definitively linked to the beast, and thus no way to prove its identity, Animals that die in the wild are rarely discovered. Wolves that have died are almost never seen. It is perfectly reasonable that, had a lion died from poison, its body would never have been discovered. That is especially true if people thought the wolf Chastain killed was the beast. It is also particularly credible in a place populated by wolves. The descriptions of its leaping ability, its choice of prey, the location of the attack, its tail and coloring, the fact that it attacked with claws, and the way it scoured bones as if polished are all inconsistent with canines and consistent with a large feline. Large felines have been known to become man eaters. Lions are well known for requiring multiple bullets to take them down, wolves are not. And how would people who were extremely familiar with wolves not recognize a wolf?
    1
  15281.  @1st_ProCactus  you don’t need an Apple device to listen to a podcast. https://www.audible.com/pd/The-History-Guy-Podcast/B08K56CMVW
    1
  15282. It was closer to simple banking- no credit was extended.
    1
  15283. It was mostly titanium. The part that wasn't was mostly composites.
    1
  15284. Punt guns were actually more commonly used for waterfowl. But it was said that the passenger pigeons were so thick that a well placed shot from both barrels of a shotgun could kill sixty birds.
    1
  15285. Reportedly it was all done on a shoestring, but that was why they created the multi-agency task force. I guess everyone chipped into the pool.
    1
  15286. Mentioned it in this episode: https://youtu.be/tMrYmy4pabc
    1
  15287. Officers were kept in a different camp.
    1
  15288. It took me years and finally working with the YouTube partner program to get used to the advertiser-friendly guidelines. I went to look at the video you mentioned and there are numerous images that are not allowed. This is not YT being arbitrary, but reacting to what their advertisers say.
    1
  15289. A PBY did drop an additional depth charge.
    1
  15290.  @trancamortal  correct. I did fail to mention a battle that occurred some four centuries before this incident…
    1
  15291. The design is clearly similar, but the USPS helmets are molded polyurethane.
    1
  15292. That is an interesting discussion, again historiography. I am not convinced that history is a matter of "left" vs "right." I do, personally, question the narrative that slavery was a major part of the decision making.
    1
  15293. Did I hit anything?
    1
  15294. Those numbers are, of course, hard to determine. But scholarly consensus places the numbers in the many millions prior to European discovery. There is a good explanation here: https://web.archive.org/web/20080305224956/http://www.usna.edu/Users/history/kolp/HH345/PRE1492.HTM
    1
  15295. Yes- the movie was based on this story
    1
  15296. Yes, I am sure there will be more travelogues and quite a lot of information gathering for future episodes.
    1
  15297. We understand that some viewers do not prefer sponsored content. We produce at least ten episodes a month without sponsored ads. If a minute of your time to help support this channel is so valuable that it causes you to be insulting, then please choose another episode rather than making an arse of yourself. Mate.
    1
  15298. Pearse's plane very much resembled the modern ultra-light hobby aircraft.
    1
  15299. I talk about Burnham in this episode: https://youtu.be/vihhRvKGuK4
    1
  15300. Depends on the building. I spent years in sales. I never made a pitch in an elevator.
    1
  15301. Then why does it require pushing keys to go backwards?
    1
  15302. roger komula https://amp.bnd.com/living/magazine/article230133169.html
    1
  15303. That is a fair point. Nuclear weapons have, in some instances, been subjected to ridiculous abuse and conditions, and yet never once has one accidentally detonated.
    1
  15304. One of many theories, and one currently receiving attention.
    1
  15305. Sorry, we do not take requests.
    1
  15306. I think that you overstate the unanimity of opinion. Obviously there were people of different opinions at the time. But certainly there were Unionists. The Irish newspapers at the time did not seem to cheer the jewel's disappearance. Still, as I say in the episode, it is quite possible that the theft was related to the Independence movement.
    1
  15307.  @sineadsmyth846  I don’t mean to be argumentative. But I do think that you overstate the unanimity of opinion in 1907.
    1
  15308.  @sineadsmyth846  and it is always lovely as a historian to be lectured as if I didn’t actually research the topic. The episode doesn’t take the unionist side. Per usual, it takes no side at all. I told the story of the theft as accurately as I could. As I say in the conclusion, it is quite possible that the theft was related to the politics of the independence movement. But that is just one possibility, and the evidence is far from conclusive. If you want to produce a video that asserts that the theft was an act of resistance, you are welcome to. If you want to use the story of the theft to highlight the English crimes against Ireland, you are welcome to. I didn’t choose to because I don’t have broader political motivations. Respectfully, I am not willing to simply be harangued that I didn’t produce the video that you wanted me to.
    1
  15309. white rabbit 1968 we still have three
    1
  15310. Actually, they are- they are all cetaceans.
    1
  15311. https://www.howtopronounce.com/german/von-spee
    1
  15312. dclark142002 in fact, the carriers were virtually worthless. That is why they were used as decoys. Halsey took the bait because he was fighting the war that had already been won, and not the one at hand. The worst nightmare, for the IJN, would have been for Halsey to ignore Ozawa completely.
    1
  15313.  @Philistine47  of course hindsight is 20/20. But that simply shows that the Japanese had figured out the US and played us. Halsey saw exactly what they wanted him to see. That doesn' t speak well of Halsey's tactical understanding any which way. And Lee's messages and information from the planes of Independence give good reason to say that he should have dispatched Task Force 34. It is difficult to see Halsey's decision making that day without criticism. I disagree with one assertion- third fleet did have responsibility for protecting the landing force, it was not uniquely Kinkaid's obligation. Part of the problem was that we had two fleets, but divided command and poor coordination.
    1
  15314. Okinawa is one of the five main islands of the Japanese archipelago.
    1
  15315. Aside from his tomb marker, the only memorial to Arnold. Maybe, as his name, of course, was not included. Oddly, upstate New York seems to be the only place where he is still regarded as a hero.
    1
  15316. I think there will be some in the future, but Russia is still far from forthcoming on such events.
    1
  15317. I am doing a series on the hats exclusive for patrons on Patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  15318. Yes- I tie my own ties.
    1
  15319. Fair point.
    1
  15320. edepillim https://youtu.be/tGlLwtqhUKE
    1
  15321. https://www.avenzamaps.com/maps/68531
    1
  15322. https://youtu.be/qAEDFsfHQfs?si=xtwALzu0kpVi2PuZ
    1
  15323. I have not. maybe nearer to December 7
    1
  15324. Stock footage. There are few Public Domain images of Sooty Shearwaters.
    1
  15325. That is an interesting question. A 2008 article when John was still alive mentioned that he was seeking to find out what happened to it. The article did not provide an answer.
    1
  15326. The pronunciation is the American pronunciation and is correct via Google translate and pronounce Wiki.
    1
  15327. Gary Lane lol no- I was wearing pants, I swear.
    1
  15328. An interesting story indeed.
    1
  15329. There will always be a question of who was “first.” I don’t take a stand on the subject personally. However, respectfully, both of your assertions are false. Exact replicas of the 1903 flyer have successfully flown, (e.g. the one at the Ford museum) and as there is no detail nor blueprint of the Whitehead flyer, none of the replicas can be said to be a true representation.
    1
  15330. LOL. Pakenham.
    1
  15331. They actually finished the rest of the 1955 sports car circuit season.
    1
  15332. That is why it is there.
    1
  15333. Links are in the description
    1
  15334. I am doing a series in my hats for my patron on Patreon. I posted a few of those in December. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  15335. Videos are between five and fifteen minutes long.
    1
  15336. Fair point
    1
  15337. Huh. I have no idea why we would be connected.
    1
  15338. That is one of those fights where there is no winner. Respectfully, the method of calculating AD/BC and BCE/CE are exactly the same. Changing names does not remove the "Christian" source of the calculation, which is based on the traditionally reckoned year of the birth of Jesus, as determined by a Scythian monk five and a quarter centuries after it was supposed to have happened. In my case, I receive complaints whichever term I use. While I have used both BC/AD and BCE/CE in different episodes, I have decided to stick with BC/AD simply because those are the terms with which my audience is most familiar. In doing so, I am making no political or religious statement.
    1
  15339.  @Nudnik1  not annoyed in the least- I do want to emphasize that I mean no disrespect to anyone via the terms, and respect your opinion on the subject.
    1
  15340. We had a lot of comedy.
    1
  15341. Sorry- always fighting the scammers.
    1
  15342. Thank you!
    1
  15343. Correct, replacements come all the time. A battalion whose full strength is 1000 could easily take 2000 casualties over a period of months.
    1
  15344. I did not cover all presidents, no. You are correct that the 41st president did wear corrective lenses, and was photographed in them more commonly than most US Presidents. However, his glasses were not included in either his official portrait, nor his portrait in the national Portrait Gallery.
    1
  15345. Agreed.
    1
  15346. Halifax was much larger.
    1
  15347. Yeah, although slightly more forceful...
    1
  15348. Yes, absolutely serious about the trip, which will be a hoot.
    1
  15349. Berry is a botanical classification. To be a berry, a fruit must develop from a single ovary, and have a soft, fleshy middle that includes one or more seeds. Bananas fit that description. In fact, we have been misled. Strawberries, blackberries and raspberries are not, in fact, berries, as their fruit develops from multiple ovaries. Good explanation here: https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/bananas-berries-or-fruits#perception
    1
  15350. ABG Dreadnoughts referred to a uniform main battery. The additional guns you list are the secondary battery. Previously the main battery would use multiple calibers so that the gunnery officers could distinguish the splash of their gun to adjust fire.
    1
  15351. There are many nuclear near misses. The argument here is it is the only known time that the nuclear briefcase was unlocked and utilized.
    1
  15352. That is an Abbott SPG
    1
  15353.  @DrivermanO  so simple to drive even The History Guy can do it!
    1
  15354. You are correct, while Sweyn was King of Norway in 1014, he was more properly called a Danish King, and yes, it is danegeld. I noted corrections in a pinned comment.
    1
  15355. No. But I have ridden in a cab in Chicago...
    1
  15356. This is my job. It pays my bills.
    1
  15357. They are actually more properly described as improvised armor. They may get their own episode.
    1
  15358. She and the Grand Fleet operated with such skill, efficiency, and overwhelming force that their enemy surrendered without a fight. That is not “minor.”
    1
  15359. It is clear in the historic record that the bulk of Savanoroal's supporters had abandoned him before he was executed.I think the comment that he had moved to the point of excess, especially to the point of implying that he could work miracles, is supportable.
    1
  15360. https://youtu.be/UL5O2fPHUVc
    1
  15361. fastst1 the cats are all fascinated with the balloons. But they were quickly claimed by our daughter.
    1
  15362. That is one of the theories yes.
    1
  15363. At the time Southeast Asia was far more on the minds of the Administration than Latin America. Nixon went on a goodwill tour there too.
    1
  15364. Respectfully, your comment is largely incorrect. The United Nations defines North America as including the three areas Northern America, Central America and the Caribbean. By that definition Columbus certainly landed on the continent of North America. While on his first voyage the general thought was that the Caribbean islands were part of the Indonesian archipelago, that notion was long dispelled before his final three voyages. The most accepted historical understanding is that Columbus did reach North America and did not die thinking he had made it to India. But, in fact, we do not claim in the episode that Columbus discovered North America, but that he brought back news of the New World to Europe, which was the actual key historical moment. Juan Ponce de León is the first known European (or modern European, if we assume that original inhabitants came to the Americas from Europe) to make an expedition to Florida, which might make him the first to visit what is now the United States, unless you count the US Territories of Puerto Rico and the Virgin islands.
    1
  15365. Maybe
    1
  15366. Thank you for the update! I sincerely encourage our viewers to consider a donation to help preserve this magnificent piece of history.
    1
  15367. I do have a plan to do another channel with shorter history directed at children.
    1
  15368. We don't currently have another platform. But thank you for the offer!
    1
  15369. Two different epsidoes.
    1
  15370. I live not far away. Been there several times.
    1
  15371. Thank you for your service!
    1
  15372. LOL we are actually (history) cat people. But that doesn't keep us from appreciating dogs.
    1
  15373. With a long tail?
    1
  15374. The object between the globe and the sword is a small armillary sphere. The sword in an 1892 pattern British Infantry officer's sword with a George VI Cypher. The artillery shell is an inflatable purchased at The Tank Museum in Dorsett representing an 8.8 cm AP round.
    1
  15375. Jake Weston I agree. Early on in the channel I was focused on trying to stay short- closer to five minutes- and that was too short to tell the whole story here. I might do a revised version.
    1
  15376. A gift from a friend.
    1
  15377. They are rotocraft which is what I was discussing. They get their lift from wings that rotate, just like a helicopter.
    1
  15378.  Rick O'Shay  lol yes, I have seen Zulu Dawn many times. Peter O’Toole as Chelmsford. The Shaka Zulu miniseries was fun, but not good history. All fun movies.
    1
  15379. I am doing a series on my hats exclusive for patrons in Patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  15380. steve1978ger Evsenko
    1
  15381. Stan Smith certainly not the most impactful, no.
    1
  15382. The story of how the name changed is interesting, but, frankly, the word tamale has become so accepted that it is fair to say the language has changed.
    1
  15383. People don't usually complain about losing weight. ;)
    1
  15384. Yes, it was made in Canada.
    1
  15385. The audience has actually overwhelmingly supported the bow ties, and there is outcry if one is missing. Your anti-bow attitudes are based on flawed assumptions.
    1
  15386.  @mikezimmermann89  History and the U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps https://youtu.be/qBkw9zFtqZc
    1
  15387. VC reproductions are easy to get.
    1
  15388. Fair point
    1
  15389. I talk about the museum in this episode: https://youtu.be/p0gRHgwSGhE
    1
  15390. The War of 1812 is certainly an underappreciated part of US history.
    1
  15391. Yes, the quote was in an obituary in 1999.
    1
  15392. Sad story. McDonnell Douglas would have been much better off had they listened.
    1
  15393. That is The Miracles. Smokey Robinson is bottom left.
    1
  15394. I beg to differ. According to the brochure, the car was made of "rocket structural resin" that was harder than steel, did not show scratches, and could run into a wall at thirty miles an hour without damage to the car. The electronics were solid state, and the car included no wires. It was so stable that it was "practically impossible" to turn over. There was nothing in the world like it. In fact, there still isn't. Did you watch the episode? The Dale was unique in oh so many ways. Truly a marvel of imagination.
    1
  15395. Well the point is that it wasn't- it was not an automobile at all, it was a fraud. The technology described was truly space age and beyond. The mistake is comparing it to actual automobiles.
    1
  15396. That would have been USNS Mercy. https://www.navy.mil/submit/display.asp?story_id=16647
    1
  15397. Phantom Haranguer I have been told differently by submariners.
    1
  15398. https://youtu.be/EidzEh6SMBs?si=pXxeXX6k_bRZfsZt
    1
  15399. It is now largely replaced in agriculture by brown mustard, as the seeds can be mechanically harvested.
    1
  15400. I am not sure North Dakota has internet yet...
    1
  15401. Respectfully, I have always found that claim to be historically dubious.
    1
  15402. I don’t know exactly what you want me to reference. There is simply no historical evidence of the platform switch. There was certainly no point where the post-Civil War Republican party supported slavery or embraced the constitution of the Confederacy. Nor is there anything in the 1860 Republican platform that was fundamentally inconsistent with the 1960 or 2020 Republican platforms. There simply is no historical point where the platforms “switched.” There is no place where the Republican platform was altered to look like a historically Democratic platform. Lincoln was literally a Republican. His party was the modern Republican party. They have held conventions ever since. As to whether the 1860 platform would today be Republican or Democrat, the question is anachronistic. The issues and challenges were completely different. We cannot reasonably say where Lincoln fits in the current political climate. We can only say that he was, in fact, a Republican. In context of the editorial comment by the paper’s editor, the paper was published in 1806. That is prior to either modern party. The Jeffersonians were called “Democratic-Republicans” at the time, in the “era of good feelings.” It is difficult to say if the editor was just making a generic comment about politicians or if he was a Federalist. But, in any case, the comment would seem to be unlikely to be related to any comparison between the parties today.
    1
  15403. When you have a small business, there is no one to cover for you. Hopefully it won't impact the Monday episode.
    1
  15404. LongeyMusic Merry Christmas!
    1
  15405. James Madison he did- there are still some pilings from that work visible
    1
  15406. WE have been adding spooky topics for October, but the people living there really did report that.
    1
  15407. Shipfus Are Laifu and he was trying to identify via periscope in the middle of the night.
    1
  15408. Historically the article was used, as it referred to the Crimean peninsula. At the time of the Crimean War (that is, the time that Evelyn Wood was there,) the article was almost always used, and the war was commonly called “the war in the Crimea” Dropping the article only became common in the later part of the 20th century.
    1
  15409. JIS looks very like a Phillips, and using a Phllips driver can strip the head.
    1
  15410. Absolutely not every documentary that mentions Von Braun has to discuss his past. Sorry, you don't to just decide you want to talk about something else and pretend that is "ethics." What you are demanding is an ad hominem that is irrelevant to the topic.
    1
  15411. Thank you for your service!
    1
  15412. Harry Chung one of them. Other cats have snuck into other episodes
    1
  15413. I have had that on the list for a while. I am sure I will have an episode out on it.
    1
  15414. Um, all I can say is- no it is not.
    1
  15415. Correct- I am sorry for the error.
    1
  15416. Not intentionally...
    1
  15417. The Lee family of Virginia is rather famous and important.
    1
  15418. I corrected an error and reposted.
    1
  15419.  @wilfdarr  Yes, frankly, I do think that meeting the definition of the term as it is defined by the people who literally define policy regarding the act is a fair enough reason to justify using the term. And the term persists across administrations, and so is not so subject to politics as you asset. I am not convinced by the claim that Websters is more authoritative than government bodies that define the law. Even brief research will show you that there is no "permanent definition." Most definitions, in fact, start by saying that there is no agreed upon definition. But just perusing basic dictionary definitions, the use of the term here seems to reasonably meet the vast majority of those I found. Again, not everyone has to agree, I am fine with disagreement.
    1
  15420. The War with Mexico ceded territory to the US, and the question of whether to allow slavery in those new territories was the was the issue that led to the Civil War. There is a good description here: https://constitutioncenter.org/blog/the-mexican-american-war-in-a-nutshell#:~:text=Their%20transfer%20to%20the%20United,the%20Civil%20War%20in%201861.
    1
  15421. Pookie
    1
  15422. There are many possible etymologies for the term, and it likely predates Joseph McCoy. We do know the term was used in reference to him. However, the association with Elijah McCoy and his oiler is almost certainly a false etymology. There is no contemporary record of the term being used to refer to him or his oiler. The first such claim actually appeared in a magazine ad in the 1960s, and that seems to have been the genesis of the myth. Don't get me wrong- Elijah McCoy was en extraordinary inventor with a compelling story (that may well be an episode some day.) He was, by the meaning of the term, the real McCoy. But no, he was not the genesis of the term.
    1
  15423. No- haven’t been for many years.
    1
  15424. An issue of which I was unaware.
    1
  15425. The war is over for them, and they are alive.
    1
  15426. Just 364? I could do several more on January 17.
    1
  15427. Sar Jim several. This quotes him saying that he had activated the Cheget: https://www.atomicheritage.org/history/nuclear-close-calls-norwegian-rocket-incident
    1
  15428. I don;t want to overstate though. Most experts tend to argue that the risk here was actually small. Rather, they see instability and stagnant economies in the former Soviet Republics as being a more likely trigger for the misuse of a nuclear weapon. This event was inside the command and control that was developed over decades.
    1
  15429. Highway wildflowers
    1
  15430. boatrat74 not 180°- Conlen is north and east and Boise City is more straight north. At roughly 180 miles per hour the difference is smaller than you might think in the dark. But these were training missions- he was young and inexperienced.
    1
  15431. Correct- i misspoke.
    1
  15432. I did not. I very much respect those who did.
    1
  15433. Embrace the tie!
    1
  15434. Doonsbury I wouldn’t describe Roosevelt as a sport hunter- he was always highly aware of what and why he was hunting.
    1
  15435. We appreciate our sponsors.
    1
  15436. MLB included the Baltimore stats with the Yankees for decades, but gave in at some point. Of course McGraw would then become quite famous coaching the Giants.
    1
  15437. I did. Sorry.
    1
  15438. Much if that reputation came after Kate Warne's time, but certainly there is fair criticism there.
    1
  15439. https://youtu.be/EypOHCv2JsY
    1
  15440. Probably sometime, yes.
    1
  15441.  @TheJamesRedwood  simply not true- I honestly attempt to do my best.
    1
  15442.  @TheJamesRedwood  I suspect that if you tried US place names you would get quite a few incorrect. I am telling you, sir, that I never deliberately mispronounce anything.
    1
  15443. I use a program called Viddyoze
    1
  15444. Covered in this episode: https://youtu.be/yIrSBmG46n8
    1
  15445. Yes, the Google ads still play as well as the sponsored content. We do a versions for patrons on Patreon that doesn't have the sponsored content.
    1
  15446. Another infamous photo, although also not in the Public Domain.
    1
  15447. I will stand up for what I think to be the unfairly maligned M4. But the M4 crews undoubtedly feared the 8.8 cm.
    1
  15448.  @reserva120  Of course they did. And I heartily disagree with your complaint. Directly quoting a historical letter from a combat veteran is neither a "cheap shot" nor is it "weak kneed." It is history.
    1
  15449. Meat and deliciousness. Of course.
    1
  15450. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QF_12-pounder_12_cwt_naval_gun
    1
  15451. LOL
    1
  15452. They did not. The NACA brokered an agreement where patents were pooled.
    1
  15453. Yes, the very same "Brave Benbow." We may do another episode on him.
    1
  15454. Thank you!
    1
  15455. It was, reportedly, against army regs to have a woman on the plane.
    1
  15456. Why us an odd question. They were moved several times, and there is no clear explanation for why they ended up in Hamlin Park.
    1
  15457. Google ads does the ads. YouTube premium is well worth it in my opinion.
    1
  15458. I agree. We have to spend time each day deleting those scammers.
    1
  15459. Not yet, no. it is interesting, and had a greater effect on the Battle of the eastern Solomons, but the Japanese knew that the Americans were a step ahead of them, but assumed that it was via intelligence from submarines, and never seemed to consider that their naval code had been broken.
    1
  15460. I think I will thanks!
    1
  15461. LOL
    1
  15462. Despite what you may have heard, the term is quite commonly credited to the Beastie Boys. If they did not invent the term, they certainly popularized it. A great many people claim to have used the term prior to 1994, yet there seems to be no verifiable evidence of it- it doesn't seem to have appeared in print before, although other names were used to refer to the style. In the 1908s fashion magazines referred to the style as "bi-level."
    1
  15463. Correct- some grades are magnetic and others not.
    1
  15464. The Model T was produced in nineteen model years. For twelve of those, the only available production color was black to speed production.
    1
  15465. The Model T was produced in nineteen model years. For twelve of those, the only available production color was black to speed production.
    1
  15466. https://youtu.be/tbKgFWUMgIc
    1
  15467. LOL it is a reproduction. But I did get it from a gift shop at the site of a Roman Fortress.
    1
  15468. Yes, it is shocking,
    1
  15469. The Constellation was famously comfortable, but the DC-7 was faster.
    1
  15470. It did, but later, as the Supreme Court did not rule on Dredd Scott until 1857, and by then the Missouri Compromise had been superseded by the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
    1
  15471. I dob't know that creator, but i am always willing to collaborate.
    1
  15472. The Tie Bar is kind enough to provide bow ties. I have… many.
    1
  15473. Yes, the Captain was blind in one eye. While that was reported in the news, neither the pilot nor the FAA seemed to think that it was relevant to the sequence of events.
    1
  15474. On thursday. Visit the museum!
    1
  15475. Thank you!
    1
  15476. I at least attempt to use the British pronunciation when talking about British officers.
    1
  15477. Tom Black you can become a patron of The History Guy: www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy.
    1
  15478. We have been privileged to work with the USS Texas foundation in the making of several videos on the ship. If the ship where to volunteer would like to be featured, feel free to email thg@thehistoryguy.net.
    1
  15479. Thanks for watching!
    1
  15480. I have done a couple of D-Day episodes, but might still have one or two more.
    1
  15481. Derek Mentzer that was not the strategic thinking at the time. At altitude the planes were not maneuverable, their straight trajectory made their path and location easy to predict. Their unique design actually had a high radar profile. The thinking was that ground hugging aircraft would confound missile systems, but the wings of the XB-70 were too thin to configure for that type of flight. They were considered for a reconnaissance role, essentially being used instead of the SR-71, but planners concluded they would be vulnerable to missiles. Certainly the program was the victim of shrinking defense budgets and reduced immediacy after the “missile gap” was debunked. But the thinking at the time was focused on survivability, and the Air Force clearly considered the design less survivable than a subsonic ground hugging rugged airframe like the B-52.
    1
  15482. The vault was secured by a single locked door that was opened with a false key- a method of lockpicking.
    1
  15483. https://youtu.be/jna1ENY5hi4
    1
  15484. Thank you!
    1
  15485. Scott Saulsbury thank you for your service!
    1
  15486. Red Baron Your complaints about British rule don’t justify rewriting history. The INA played a rather small and late role in this battle. Their participation was not decisive, and yes, they and their Japanese allies were defeated. At the time the INA was generally unpopular in India, and their subsequent reputation largely came despite their collaboration with the Japanese and after the context of the war. Respectfully, your description of the Battle of Imphal, as well as its relationship to Indian independence, is completely inaccurate.
    1
  15487. I always pronounced it the other way as well, but online pronunciation guides changed my mind. Now many disagree. I would say that both are correct.
    1
  15488. It depends how you count various models. According to the Guinness book of World Records, there were 21 million "old style" beetles produced, but the Toyota Corolla holds the record at 37 million. However, that covers ten generations of the car, and so it can be questioned whether it is actually the same car. The Model T was amazing in its time at 16.5 million sold.
    1
  15489. Thank you!
    1
  15490. Thanks for the suggestion. I have added it to the ever-growing list of possible topics. Please note that due to the large number of suggestions we receive, it may or may not be used.
    1
  15491. Correct, I apologize for the error.
    1
  15492. They did at Pearl Harbor, and to a lesser extent at Coral Sea. It just wasn't what they thought it would be.
    1
  15493. Photographic evidence in this video.
    1
  15494. I understand that you would prefer to get the content without the ad. But a separate link is not how sponsorships work, and not what an advertiser would pay for. I do not feel bad about accepting the occasional sponsorship. I think that most people come here for the History Guy, and the History Guy has to pay his rent and buy the cat food. I earnestly believe that creators have both right and reason to earn fair compensation for their work. I also earnestly believe that Blinkest is a good product that deserves my endorsement. If you don't prefer ads, we produce around twelve videos a month and have a library of nearly 400, only a handful of which have been sponsored. We provide ample content for people who want history without the sponsor. As an alternative, we also provide advertiser and sponsor free content to our patrons on Patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  15495. Mentioned in this episode: https://youtu.be/hZgyDPhfipA
    1
  15496. It was left as part of an estate to our local library, who sold it at their book sale. I wish I knew who the original owner was, but it is a very nice piece by the Toys and Models corporation of Bergenfield NJ. The company is still in business, but I don't think they sell this exact model anymore.
    1
  15497. I think there is an argument to be made for the Franco Prussian War. But I am unconvinced that rail was as central to that war as the Great War.
    1
  15498. Awesome. We have hundreds of gifs on Tenor. https://tenor.com/official/thehistoryguy
    1
  15499. <div class="tenor-gif-embed" data-postid="18264081" data-share-method="host" data-aspect-ratio="1" data-width="100%"><a href="https://tenor.com/view/it-is-history-lance-geiger-the-history-guy-its-a-good-memory-it-was-memorable-gif-18264081">It Is History Lance Geiger GIF</a>from <a href="https://tenor.com/search/it+is+history-gifs">It Is History GIFs</a></div> <script type="text/javascript" async src="https://tenor.com/embed.js"></script>
    1
  15500. We might well have an episode on John Herschel.
    1
  15501. Nope. Western front WWI.
    1
  15502. I disagree. There has been a lot of research on the subject. The general consensus from existing audio record is that both TR and FDR pronounced the name Rose-a-velt.
    1
  15503. ForOurGood Fair point. Ms History Guy doesn’t project the same way that I do. We are working on a different microphone for her.
    1
  15504. Thank you for linking this, as I did not find it in my research. I particularly enjoyed the detailed battle analyses. So far as my knowledge (I cannot claim to be as expert as you) I certainly agree that it is unlikely that a greater use of elephants would have had a significantly greater effect. All references seem to indicate their dubious value in battle. I cannot claim your expertise, but I would say from the research that I did for this episode, I feel that you too casually fall upon the solution of forest elephants. The African forest elephant range is equatorial. The Elephant Listening Project does not list a historical range far north of the equator, and no where near Morocco where you claim they were gathered. In fact, the sources I saw suggested that North Africa was too arid to support any population of native elephants. They are true forest dwellers, living largely on fruit, making a North African population even less likely. They are extremely shy, and have the lowest reproduction rate of the three species of elephants. It is difficult to assume they would have been available in the numbers described. And they are notoriously difficult to train. You seem to take quite a lot from the depiction of a coin, which, as I mention in the episode, is a dubious source for an accurate taxonomic description. I don't mean to criticize, again this is more your specialty than mine, but I do wonder if a biologist might have a different opinion than a historian on the subject.
    1
  15505. I have not yet
    1
  15506. Long was a former Governor, but a US Senator at the time of his assassination.
    1
  15507. Two peoples separated by a common language.
    1
  15508. Costa Rica’s contribution to the Inter-American Peace Force was 21 military police. When the country abolished its military it retained its national police force, which is tasked with security functions.
    1
  15509. https://youtu.be/qgThE0Qq_sM
    1
  15510. They were- you can see them in some of the pictures. but they were not the sort that could be launched during a heavy storm. After the Tower 4 disaster the remaining two towers were equipped with emergency launches.
    1
  15511. I don't think the assumption was that the contamination would go that far, and would have gone down wind.
    1
  15512. I might go back and talk about the SS United States, yes.
    1
  15513. That was my mistake to leave those there. Those are clips from Captain Kidd (1945) with Randolph Scott and Charles Laughton. The movie is in the Public Domain, and I used a few clips and forgot some at the end. The full movie is here: https://archive.org/details/CaptainKidd1945RESTORED
    1
  15514. Thank you!
    1
  15515. Franklin Horst latex balloons weren’t invented until 1824 and weren’t manufactured in the US until 1907. Although there was some use of hydrogen for scientific experiments, toy balloons were filled merely with air until helium became more widely available in the twentieth century.
    1
  15516. Good point.
    1
  15517. There were missions to attacks those bases. That is part of what the Franklin was doing, and the British task force was assigned to neutralize air bases. Part of the issue was that the Japanese had accumulated far more aircraft than allied intelligence understood. Originally, intelligence estimates were that there were approximately 97 usable aircraft on Formosa.
    1
  15518. Between 1979 and 1999 Pluto was inside the orbit of Neptune. Neptune was the outermost planet.
    1
  15519. Henri C in such a hurry they forgot their dog.
    1
  15520. mom2wyatt the report wasn’t explicit, but seemed to imply that the British kept the dachshund.
    1
  15521. Yes, the concept is familiar in the east as well, and, if a recent study is to be believed, still an issue in rural China. https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/why-are-women-accused-of-witchcraft-study-in-rural-china-gives-clue
    1
  15522. That is a common belief in Africa as well- it can make it difficult to hunt maneaters because people associate them with mysticism, and thus won't talk about them. https://youtu.be/Rb-DSFoh7zk
    1
  15523. Possibly in the future.
    1
  15524. Did you watch the video? Ducts are almost the only thing it is not useful for. My duck loves the stuff.
    1
  15525. JackandGeorge I wouldn’t want to argue with the determination of the Master Brewer’s Association of America, but, as we mention in the episode, Adam Lemp may have been brewing lager in St Louis in 1838.
    1
  15526. Terrorism means an illegal act done for a political purpose. It doesn't make a difference that the target can be said to be a legitimate military target (that exact argument was made in the case of 9/11.)
    1
  15527. The goal was to scare the American public into stopping the production of munitions. I do understand the opposing argument, but I disagree. I think the act meets the general definition of terrorism, and the definition used, for example, by the US State Department when reporting on acts of terrorism.
    1
  15528. Modern military doctrine says that diversity is good, as a unit will need a mix of skills and abilities. Such considerations did not really exist in 1914.
    1
  15529. Colonel K absolutely there needs to be standards, as there were still enforced with the Bantams, (in fact the chest circumference requirement was an inch larger for Bantams as opposed to normal troops.) That was well demonstrated by the effects of the declining standards later in the war. But a military unit faces many challenges, and it is not hard to see why it is helpful to have both taller and shorter members of a unit.
    1
  15530. Wow!
    1
  15531. While the "Skonk Works" from the comic inspired the choice of name, the reason it was chosen was the smell from the plastic's factory.
    1
  15532. Matthew Wolfe the State of California was never independent, but formed after the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. The California Republic is an interesting story, and may be an episode one day, but the Republic was never recognized.
    1
  15533. Master Ah Gha Nm their strategic thinking does seem to have been limited. The idea of the Kantai Kessen seems absurd in retrospect. What defeat could they accomplish in 1944 that would get the US to just give up? Tactically Ozawa understood the wind advantage, but seemed clueless as to the effectiveness of his own force. Was that desperation, or simply flawed mindset?
    1
  15534. I certainly meant no political statement.
    1
  15535. Thank You!
    1
  15536. Around 9:20 in this episode: https://youtu.be/FujKx6HWIAQ
    1
  15537. https://teespring.com/shop/new-history-guy-pirates?tsmac=recently_viewed&tsmic=recently_viewed&pid=369&cid=6512&sid=back
    1
  15538. Possibly- an interesting little experiment.
    1
  15539. Gato
    1
  15540. The only reason that I might disagree is that the computer incident did not make it to the president. https://youtu.be/YCQITNbw7tc
    1
  15541. I say their origin is unclear because there are still competing theories as to exactly where the Celts originated.
    1
  15542. I use Viddyoze
    1
  15543. Episodes are between five and fifteen minutes. The length of any video on YouTube shows on the bottom left, so you know what you are getting into before you push play.
    1
  15544. Yes, Eagles 1,2 and 3 supported operation Polar Bear.
    1
  15545. I am sorry, i mumbled her age, It was her fifty-eight birthday.
    1
  15546. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Alfred_Rethel_Der_Tod_als_W%C3%BCrger.jpg
    1
  15547. It was a quotation.
    1
  15548. I believe that it will be held in Scottsdale, AZ next year.
    1
  15549. Scott Elmore they haven’t been produced fir years. The Hawley company makes loudspeaker components now.
    1
  15550. Nit truly "full fledged," but I not only had a mullet in my youth, there are two photos of it in the episode.
    1
  15551. jay G that is free music from the YouTube library.
    1
  15552.  @flyinhawaiian49  I am simply saying that I used a pronunciation guide for Mont Pelèe.
    1
  15553. Thank you!
    1
  15554. You can send an email by clicking on the "About" tab on the channel landing page.
    1
  15555. I don't think there were any claims that the Great Blow was the deadliest. It was the most destructive in terms of property damage.
    1
  15556. The reference is here, page 5: https://sill-www.army.mil/ada-online/antiaircraft-journal/_docs/1949/5-6/May-June%201949%20Screen.pdf
    1
  15557. We cover a broad range of subjects, and have made quite a number of episodes on historic battles, and several relating to WWI. The channel is not limited to military history, but I suspect there will be many more episodes about specific battles from all periods of history.
    1
  15558. Thank you!
    1
  15559. Thank you. It was just a guest spot.
    1
  15560. He was an interesting fellow in many ways, but he definitely lived what would be called an unhealthy lifestyle.
    1
  15561. Yes, they were. That phrase is actually from a direct quotation by R.H. Gibson. I suspect it is just a colloquialism.
    1
  15562. There is, but it is not in the Public Domain.
    1
  15563. The recent trend of avocado toast on menus started with Australian chefs. But, as noted, people were putting avocado on bread long before your parents.
    1
  15564. Thank you!
    1
  15565. Wisconsin would still be Wisconsin, but it would likely also include the UP.
    1
  15566. Current postal sun helmets are molded polyurethane.
    1
  15567. It was renamed "America" when to went back to GoodYear.
    1
  15568. colin Paterson thanks for the pronunciation! Place names in the UK are always an adventure... No, not everything in my collection has clear provenance
    1
  15569. If you wore one on the street today women might faint.
    1
  15570. Correct, it is a Masonic organization.
    1
  15571. Thank you!
    1
  15572. Kipling was not the youngest Nobel Laureate, but the youngest recipient of the Nobel Prize for Literature. Malala Yousafzai was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace.
    1
  15573. The novel, and it's fictional falcon, was not written until 1930, well after Napoleon.
    1
  15574. https://youtu.be/W4d7VKvG1z0?si=DZZ06mf7gVQrGMww
    1
  15575. No intentional message with the shirt and tie.
    1
  15576. Eric Roberts that depends upon the episode. We put out three a week, and that is plenty to fill our time each week.
    1
  15577. RedBaronFilms1918 it is called “Highway wildflowers.” It is from the YouTube royalty free library.
    1
  15578. Well, when an officer does a wellness check, you'll generally get on trouble if you shoot that officer.
    1
  15579. The sources seemed to differ on whether that was a generic practice bomb or one actually leftover from the raid. The memorial is in front of the Chamber of Commerce.
    1
  15580. Wayne Adams as of 2007 Klemens Schamong was still alive, and quoted in the New Zealand Herald. https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=10436019
    1
  15581. Yes. In Lexington Ky.
    1
  15582. Ile de France is actually the region of central Paris. It is not literally an island, but the name symbolically represents the heart of France.
    1
  15583. David Bocquelet the island with Notre Dame is the Ile de Paris. Ile de France is a district, not a literal island.
    1
  15584. Eric Taylor LOL in fact, I did miss it.
    1
  15585. Hurricanes are terrible for insurance companies.
    1
  15586. It is a good book. https://youtu.be/6tYd6MAVmf8
    1
  15587. I did not claim that abolitionists were bigots, nor did I excuse slavery. I noted the historical fact that the know-nothings were anti-immigrant.
    1
  15588. Actually, the Scots call them "Tumshies." They are carved from Rutabagas.
    1
  15589. I think it does very much sound like a lion, from the description of the tail, the coloring, the distance of its leap and the way that it cleaned bones. And I do suspect that would be rather terrifying for an eighteenth century French peasant.
    1
  15590. It is definitely on my to-do list.
    1
  15591. I don't rule it out- there are some forgotten stories there, but I think that Isandhlwana and Rorke's Drift are a little too well known for a channel on forgotten history. There are some lesser know stories of that conflict. For example: https://youtu.be/YVh-qJjFSAQ
    1
  15592. His fear may have been overstated, or he may simply have wanted to stay with Buddy Holly.
    1
  15593. Dean Stuart I sure hope not. Certainly YT is non-responsive to me.
    1
  15594. As the video is about a program sunsetted nearly forty years ago, no, there is no need for “update.” I am at a loss for how anyone could assert that HAARP affects terrestrial weather. But in any case it is outside the scope of this episode.
    1
  15595. A version of the Maxim-Nordenfelt 37 mm rapid fire gun was produced in Germany for both the Army and the Navy. It was virtually identical to the British version and still commonly called a "Pom Pom," which was a reference to the sound the weapon made while firing. In German Naval service it was designated "3.7 cm Masch. K."
    1
  15596. Sadly she is no longer involved in the show.
    1
  15597. I have a BA in history from the University of Colorado at Boulder.
    1
  15598. David Tatum not for a decade or so, although I still have family in Colorado.
    1
  15599. Yeah, Civ can be a little goofy
    1
  15600. Do you mean the sites of the battles? Yes, there is a restoration of the fort and bridge and a good interpretive center about the Battle of the River Platte Bridge in Casper Wyoming and the site of the Sand Creek Massacre in Kiowa county Colorado is preserved as a National Historic Site.
    1
  15601. Feel free to send it if you are willing. We might remake the episode with our more traditional media.
    1
  15602. This is not a site about current politics. There are already too many people "offering."
    1
  15603. The reason for the landing delay was that the Pacific Clipper arrived at 6 and the airport didn't open until 7.
    1
  15604. Thank you!
    1
  15605. You may find this video interesting. ;) https://youtu.be/yseldOMcT4Q
    1
  15606. True, although his idea was to use chicle for tires.
    1
  15607. bwave57 That is a photo of Orde Wingate and officers of the Long Range Penetration Group. None are women. Left to right they are: Colonel Frank Merrill (almost out of frame far left), Colonel J. R. Alison, Brigadier J. M. Calvert, Captain Borrow, General Orde Wingate, Lt Colonel W Scott, Major Francis Stewart.
    1
  15608. chas sisom early on I wore a variety of ties, and even sometimes went without.
    1
  15609. A tragic story indeed. It certainly deserves to be remembered.
    1
  15610. Thank you!
    1
  15611. Thank you for your service!
    1
  15612. LOL- no.
    1
  15613. The video is stock footage from Storyblocks, for which we have a license.
    1
  15614.  @jimmeade2976  yes, we pay a fee and have a license to use the footage.
    1
  15615. Yes, the harbor was named after SMS Seeadler.
    1
  15616. The pronunciation is the US pronunciation, and is correct. Most US sailors, however, called it Manus Harbor.
    1
  15617. Biber0315 Boise City Oklahoma and Boise Idaho pronounce “Boise” differently. Pierre is the capital of South Dakota, named after a Frenchman. Yet South Dakotans use the pronunciation “Peer.” “Missouri” is pronounced differently depending upon where you live in the state. I do make a concerted effort on pronunciation, and yet get complaints virtually every episode.
    1
  15618. I collect vintage peaked caps.
    1
  15619. None of this script came from Wikipedia
    1
  15620. The Last American Cavalry Charge https://youtu.be/vAtfL8K8tcw
    1
  15621. Take a trip with The History Guy to Washington DC: Washington DC 2024 Trip: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdJLfQ5hzRgRIOfnDxSRFK4BckxWuDG27jr-FZRurWfTbE4Fw/viewform
    1
  15622. We were careful throughout to state these were first European discoveries, not first discoveries. While that is, indeed, “Euro-centric,” we are not misrepresenting that fact. The first European discovery is important, as it established connections between the “old world,” and the “new world.” While connection had enormous negative impacts, and even the “old” vs “new” terminology is Euro-centric, it is, by any standard, one of the single most important events in human history, and thus deserves to be remembered. Europeans also brought a sort of science that, while not fairly called superior to that used by ancient peoples who accomplished the extraordinary task of populating new continents, included things like cartography that allowed a better understanding across the human population. Events were also recorded in the way the distinguishes history from prehistory. No matter the ills of colonialism, the purported flaws of European culture, and the largely undocumented virtues of indigenous societies, the “discovery” and connecting of the two is objectively important history, as are the accomplishments of the explorers who faced extraordinary risks. We will continue to present this history, as we strongly believe that history deserves to be remembered, even if the facts of history offend some people’s ideological biases.
    1
  15623. The most direct result was to change notification protocols.
    1
  15624. The bridge originally had wooden structures all the way across. Many were burned in 1633 and not replaced. It was those gaps that kept the fire from spreading across the bridge in 1666.
    1
  15625. Deja vu?
    1
  15626. Spelled "Gorgas."
    1
  15627. Very often photographs are not in the Public Domain, and I respect copyright.
    1
  15628. It is could have reduced hurricane strength even a little it would have been. It simply didn’t work- the underlying theory was flawed.
    1
  15629. Absolutely they used gunpowder weapons.
    1
  15630. Yeah, bad luck that.
    1
  15631. The advertiser has no control over the content of the history.
    1
  15632. I tie my own, as can be evidenced by the fact that they are often crooked... I would love to visit the museum and have highlighted several U-boats. That may be an episode some day.
    1
  15633. I have no idea why YT has started with the silly AI driven "context" stuff.
    1
  15634. Recent research has contradicted that claim.
    1
  15635. The organization created in the militia act was eventually reorganized into the National Guard.
    1
  15636. Yes- a Toby mug. Gift from a viewer.
    1
  15637. @ yes, people notice it.
    1
  15638. At the time they didn't know it was either- it was just called an explosion. The fact that it was the work of German agents was not actually determined until 1939. And sabotage against a neutral country can still be terrorism, especially if the goal is to affect public opinion in that country.
    1
  15639. You can send to PO Box 1473, O'Fallon, IL 62269. Please include an addressed envelope and we will reimburse postage.
    1
  15640. I am doing a series on the hats for patron on Patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  15641. Thank you!
    1
  15642. Thank you!
    1
  15643.  @debbralehrman5957  Harrison argues that the murders are quite similar. But I was merely presenting her theory, I am not endorsing it.
    1
  15644. That would not have been necessary. Missouri was allowed entry as a slave state as part of the Missouri Compromise.
    1
  15645. He did not want to trade on his father's name. He once told a friend "They did not want me, they wanted Lincoln's son."
    1
  15646. That is an inflatable representation of an 8.8 cm Flak shell purchased from The Tank Museum.
    1
  15647. So do I!
    1
  15648. That is one historical argument, yes, mentioned at the end of the episode and characteristic of how historiography changes.
    1
  15649. I do apologize- the picture was mislabeled at the source.
    1
  15650. Per usual, I am not trying to take sides. The In eyes of the Rhode Islanders, the RN was overstepping authority and offering no legal recourse.
    1
  15651. Taffy referred to it as a reheat.
    1
  15652. Have you worked with Patreon support? https://support.patreon.com/hc/en-us
    1
  15653. First, I very much appreciate my sponsors. Second, yes, this is a good therapy solution for many people. These are licensed professionals, no, it isn't some scam. I don't mean to be argumentative, but there are too many people who do not have adequate mental health resources. I am choosy about sponsors, and I resent your implication. If you don't like the product, nobody is forcing you to choose it.
    1
  15654. You can send any suggestions to our dedicated email for that! Suggestions@thehistoryguy.net
    1
  15655. Some of that depends upon the "grade." Some of the alloys are magnetic, and some have nickel added to make the metal more suitable for welding. But it is a specialty product.
    1
  15656. we have mentioned Admiral King's role, and his reticence to accept British help, in a fed of our episodes.
    1
  15657. I only mentioned the FAA at the end. I credit the Air Accidents Investigative Branch for the initial investigation. As an American built aircraft, safety directives came from the FAA.
    1
  15658. I don’t know quite what car you are thinking about, but your buddy definitely did not buy and drive a Dale. Not a single one was produced.
    1
  15659. No secret, I just enjoy collecting them.
    1
  15660. Yes, it is unlikely the navigational equipment could have precisely identified the spot, or the that the ship could hold the position of it found it.
    1
  15661. Cool find! He was an interesting fellow. If you are willing, I’d love to see a picture of it.
    1
  15662. I am sorry, but you are incorrect. While the media are for illustration, and I use similar images when images of the original events are not available (notably in this episode, the photo of a boom chain at 8:10 is showing segments of the the Hudson River chain) there are no images of US ships in this episode, and the images of ships from the battles are all ships of the era of the Anglo-Dutch wars.
    1
  15663. I am sorry, I think that you misheard. I said "Ottawa," not "upper."
    1
  15664. That is the horse hair plume on a helmet of the Life Guards, part of the Household Cavalry, one of the most senior regiments in the British Army and the Queen's official bodyguard.
    1
  15665. I am doing a series on the hats exclusive for patrons on Patreon. The most recent episode was on the CAP. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  15666. Funny Farmer actually, many of the photos are from later in the Apache wars. Collecting media in the public domain is always an adventure.
    1
  15667. Another good topic for the list. Thanks! I don't have a research team, but I do have a lot of help from my family. My wife was a significant contributor on this episode.
    1
  15668. LOL
    1
  15669. I think the two were inextricably linked by 1955.
    1
  15670. @ I disagree- Korea being a notable example of possibly the largest of the Cold War proxy wars. Much of the Cold War was fought over “dominos” in asia. And, if you noticed the headline in the episode, it was notable in America that the Chinese were supplied by the Soviets. In any case, I think it fair enough to call the Tachen islanders victims of the conflict.
    1
  15671. @ what I consider doesn’t matter. It is what Eisenhower considered. But I still just fundamentally disagree with your interpretation. You would exclude the Korean War and the Vietnam war from the Cold War, despite them being defining events of that war. I think the vast majority of historians consider the Taiwan straits crises to have been Cold War events. Of course you can disagree, but I think I am on fair enough ground in the claim that the Tachen islanders were victims of the Cold War.,
    1
  15672. The WACO CG4 was actually built to be reused, although many, of course, didn't make it for a second try.
    1
  15673. Romega Vadquez as I say in the conclusion, the US can not even begin to understand the sacrifices made by the allies who were fighting the war from 1914 on. It would be absurd to claim that the US won the war. But the entry of the US did swing the balance, and the issue may have been in doubt had we not both entered the war and mobilized far more quickly than the Germans anticipated. And the sacrifices made by our troops should not be forgotten.
    1
  15674. https://youtu.be/4Y7T45yt1A4
    1
  15675. It was closer to the opposite.
    1
  15676. Their role in aviation and aerospace education and in search and rescue is important work.
    1
  15677. Respectfully, that 1996 report doesn’t suggest the capabilities you listed. If government could drive hurricanes, why is Florida being hit by one today?
    1
  15678. At least two are in the episode...
    1
  15679. Especially in my older videos like these. I have worked to moderate my pace since.
    1
  15680. This was part of the Tirah campaign, which didn’t work out well for the Afghans.
    1
  15681. https://youtu.be/LO9-Qc_YsL8
    1
  15682. The Indiana northern border was defined by the enabling act of 1816, and drawn a northern border "drawn through a point ten miles north of the southern extreme of lake Michigan." The Act was passed a decade before the Toledo war, and the northern border of Indiana does not match that of Ohio.
    1
  15683. Fair point. There is some local brewing history in this episode: https://youtu.be/d0n-KHYN3cM
    1
  15684. Yup- true story.
    1
  15685. I think these are fair criticisms. There is no question that he benefited from his name, especially in his appointment to Grant's Staff. That appointment, however, seems to have been more based on his mother's wishes than his own, and he never apparently tried to avoid a combat commission. His work on the Garfield/Chester administration was well regarded. It is not clear how much his name had to do with his appointment, but he did a good job. He recognized the role his name played in the appointment, in that he complained to a friend that no one wanted to appoint Robert Lincoln, they all wanted to appoint Abraham Lincoln's son. But it is undeniable that he could have sought, and likely won, the Republican nomination for president and refused multiple times, so it is hard to claim that he willfully took advantage of his father's name in politics. Personally, I think that your perspective on layers is a bit harsh. I think that Abraham Lincoln, for example, was an exceptional leader, despite being an accomplished lawyer.
    1
  15686. Not really, no.
    1
  15687. I don't know which shelf you mean, but I don't have an image of Mr. Russell on set, no.
    1
  15688. I did teach for many years, but not history.
    1
  15689. Thank you!
    1
  15690. The IPK was not created until 1889, and that is when official copies were made available to other nations including the US. The Kilogram that Joseph Dombey was to recover was in 1793.
    1
  15691. Adam Lawson I wish I knew. I have been trying to research that, but haven’t had luck so far. That is a piece of captures Japanese training film.
    1
  15692. I agree he was no coward at the end. He seemed to find some legitimate remorse, and spent his last efforts trying to provide for his family.
    1
  15693. Fair point, they didn't say.
    1
  15694. That is one possible story.
    1
  15695. A poser for sure. Likely the pronunciation of the name was simply shortened via contraction.
    1
  15696. The claim is made on page 47 here: https://archive.org/details/medalofhonorprof0000mika/page/46/mode/2up
    1
  15697. I would call it "Midwest."
    1
  15698. Modern Britons didn't make the connection until the 1700s. The idea that oral tradition could last that long is not at all unprecedented. Homer is an example.
    1
  15699. The IJN was really beaten by the US NavCad program. We had a reserve system that allowed us to quickly produce trained naval aviators. The Japanese had no such system, and so were losing the war of attrition. Both sides took huge losses in the carrier battles, but the Japanese were much slower to replace those losses, and so were putting in less and less prepared aviators.
    1
  15700. Thank you!
    1
  15701. Of course they didn’t consider the “deal.” They were still patriots.
    1
  15702. Yes, my mistake. I pinned a correction. Thanks!
    1
  15703. Au contraire, a bow tie is a certain sign of sincerity, and obvious sign of intelligence.
    1
  15704. Brad Watson I have not. But Utah was not a battleship at the time of the attack on Pearl Harbor, having been downgraded to a “training ship” or, sometimes referred to as a “former battleship.”
    1
  15705. Arnold, then, was certainly a traitor. He led troops against the British, and signed the loyalty oath to congress. His commitment to "sovereign king" is suspect, as his motivations seemed more practical. And the crown never much trusted him. Even had the patriots lost the war for independence, Arnold would still never have been trusted by either side again. Don't get me wrong, I am not taking sides about Arnold, who had his reasons. But your argument drips with agenda. George III was of the House of Hanover, whose authority derived from the House of Stuart, whose power derived from the Tudors, who were traitors, descended of traitors. But the winners write the history books, right?
    1
  15706. Bodragon I get it. Nitpicking pronunciation is the British national hobby. It is a peculiarity of the UK that accent is an obsession used to separate people. In terms of pronunciation, I have simply found that no matter how I pronounce it, I have pronounced it wrong. And, of course, the British do love to ignore all rules of pronouncing their own language when pronouncing place names. I do not intentionally mispronounce British place names. I do honestly try. But at some point I wonder if the British want to exclude non-Brits from visiting. So I will simply say, I apologize for being a non-Briton in Britain. I truly love your country, but I never claimed to be a local.
    1
  15707. Yes, in that the best current evidence suggests it was used in Sumer long before Rome.
    1
  15708. Enjoy a throwed roll!
    1
  15709. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=THZV5g1CNZM
    1
  15710. Thank you
    1
  15711. Happy Birthday!
    1
  15712. Yes, I have a cold
    1
  15713. Yes, that is on my list.
    1
  15714. Thank you for your service.
    1
  15715. Correct.
    1
  15716. Fair point. Saliva on the tongue would boil, but blood inside the circulatory system would not. The Armstrong limit is real, however- a human could survive only maybe a half a minute at that pressure.
    1
  15717. That is another interesting bit of history.
    1
  15718. I don't collect female covers, no, but I have covered many history topics with female heroines., and don't overlook any topics because of gender or race or any such considerations. History is history. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjPx6NkocmNfyzMS5BYhMsN
    1
  15719. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGhaqf9Nk_fkzRlQNrsB2iMb
    1
  15720. Great story! https://youtu.be/Xcl_HrmtgIk
    1
  15721. Yup, he did.
    1
  15722. Correct- this is from the archive and first aired Valentine's Day 2020.
    1
  15723. Respectfully, I think the description of the spike as a defensive protection is a myth. Not only is it simply not described in warfare of the period, but troops very often chose to remove the spike when going into combat. The design of the spike seems more likely to catch a blade than deflect it. Pickelhaubes were designed for parade,
    1
  15724. I only use media in the public domain. I respect copyright, as does YouTube. If there were pictures of the plane that were in the public domain, I would have been happy to use them.
    1
  15725. Yes, I juts used it to illustrate the conversion of a piston to spin a wheel.
    1
  15726.  @TedTabaka  it was originally Orchard Field. Naming it after Butch O’Hare came after.
    1
  15727. You mean the mystery writer, right?
    1
  15728. I am naturally caffeinated.
    1
  15729. https://youtu.be/M2KPkRE1S7c
    1
  15730.  @rhapsody710  yes- those overall codes are (confusingly) called “Area codes” and there is a NYC code that includes LGA, JFK and EWR flights.
    1
  15731. It lives in my house
    1
  15732. Control towers are common at airports.
    1
  15733.  @robertstack2144  at some points many hundreds. Did you watch the video?
    1
  15734.  @robertstack2144  absolutely the US came up with pretty much every conceivable way to foul up that atoll.
    1
  15735. I think that is actually a dart from a billiards room.
    1
  15736. Yes, that is what that is. A few viewers have noticed that spot where pop culture stuff gets placed on set.
    1
  15737. Story included in this episode: https://youtu.be/oJWjTp7DHEk
    1
  15738. sprontos there is actually a lot of interesting history in Alton.
    1
  15739. This event has been described as the “first successful daylight robbery.” Although the term “first” always seems to raise questions. The 1831 City Bank of New York Robbery https://youtu.be/hqFMLDfDpfs
    1
  15740. Bullettube the 1889 Apia Cyclone- two IS Navy ships lost with significant loss of life. That is on the topic list.
    1
  15741. https://youtu.be/Yflae06K3VE?si=swrRvYZdKNHu2xoq
    1
  15742. Many bar soaps are still soap. By FDA rule, to call it "soap" it has to actually be comprised mainly of the “alkali salts of fatty acids." Products that use terms like "bath bar," "body bar," "moisturizing bar," or "cleansing bar" are usually detergents. Dove, the most popular brand in America, is a "beauty bar," and a detergent rather than a soap. But, still, many popular brands- Ivory, Zest, Dial, Coast, Oil of Olay, Irish Spring, Caress are soaps.
    1
  15743. A lovely peony.
    1
  15744. Pookie.
    1
  15745. I am sorry, you misunderstood. Not Tasmania in South America, Tasmania AND South America- two different breeding grounds.
    1
  15746. That is a good story, and we may do further episodes on banking and finance.
    1
  15747. The Tie Bar: https://www.thetiebar.com/?utm_campaign=BowtieLove&utm_medium=YouTube&utm_source=LanceGeiger
    1
  15748. French tank design was always bizarre- it was decentralized and political. The fact that the Saint Chamond was produced is proof that a propeller tank wasn't the craziest thing going on. Still, the Renault FT was the basis of every nearly modern tank design.
    1
  15749. That's the short version, yes. But the President called him on the phone.
    1
  15750. The opinion is mixed, some liked the old introduction.
    1
  15751. Thank you!
    1
  15752. The 25,000 units were a single model. There were multiple models in the 1957 model year. None of them approached 25,000 in sales. The most popular was the base model, which sold about 18,000 across all body types. The most popular body-type was the four-door hardtop Imperial crown at 7843 units.
    1
  15753. You are the first to mention the tricorder.
    1
  15754. Two crewmen swam to shore and tied the ropes.
    1
  15755. Fair point. The Mark-17 was the largest deployed at the time.
    1
  15756. Yes, The Enemy Below was based on this event.
    1
  15757. It is similar- volcanic ash causes a flameout.
    1
  15758. Happy birthday!
    1
  15759. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGim8dMJD1mI7rI7-_pr6CwZ
    1
  15760. DanB Meyer that cat’s name is Lucky Star.
    1
  15761. Several in this episode: https://youtu.be/E2383ElpU4U
    1
  15762. Thank you!
    1
  15763. Sorry- that is beyond my expertise.
    1
  15764.  @Phoenix411th  A great organization as well! https://youtu.be/Nkzkcia-7lc
    1
  15765. May be an episode some day, yes.
    1
  15766. @robertkramer9690 I don’t use a teleprompter, I just memorize the to camera elements.
    1
  15767. Because armies replace men who are killed. Many units in WWII suffered more than 200% casualties.
    1
  15768. Reportedly there is a project in the works. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4703374/
    1
  15769. This is a great resource that details every US Navy loss of the war by ship class: http://www.navsource.org/Naval/losses.htm#bb
    1
  15770. I am so sorry for your loss.
    1
  15771. The Navy claim was that the submarine would have been tracked differently in wartime.
    1
  15772. They have a great museum.
    1
  15773.  @robertwalsh1724  thank you!
    1
  15774. L Ewing I always wear French cuffs when filming, and, though you can’t see them, try to match my links to the video topic.
    1
  15775. The Ticonderoga did launch aircraft in support of USS Maddox. That is the only point made in the video.
    1
  15776. Correct. My mistake.
    1
  15777. Andrew Thompson https://youtu.be/H0lOq5pGzcw
    1
  15778. There also might have been at least on black RAF pilot flying an observer aircraft.
    1
  15779. I did not include all the presidents, no. At least one photo of Andrew Johnson appears to show a pair of spectacles on his desk. Gerald Ford was typical- using glasses but rarely seen publicly in them. A pair of his prescription glasses was auctioned in 2005. https://historical.ha.com/itm/political/3d-and-other-display-1896-present-/gerald-ford-s-prescription-eyeglasses-president-gerald-ford-was-sometimes-lampooned-in-the-press-for-occasionally-tripping-w/a/625-25543.s
    1
  15780. UK courts do not like to put photos of UK courts in the Public Domain.
    1
  15781. That depends upon how translations are counted. The Quran does not make the top ten in Chapman's list. In terms of world wide production over history, the Bible is usually estimated around five billion and the Quran around three billion. Number estimates, however, vary wildly.
    1
  15782. I actually don't know of him. But given the amount of content on YouTube it isn't surprising that different creators will cover the same events.
    1
  15783. Hills Billy and proud of it. Lovely Hot Springs.
    1
  15784. Thank you!
    1
  15785. I don't know who suggested that it was more important.
    1
  15786. devlieg72 thank you! And yes, I will likely eventually do episodes on both those accidents.
    1
  15787. Odd way to do it.
    1
  15788. I think that you are talking about a photograph at 03:01. That aircraft is in the air- it is just an optical illusion of the photo angle that gave the appearance that it was in the water.
    1
  15789. doctim111 most often linen.
    1
  15790. There are a smattering of photos of the 30th president wearing spectacles.
    1
  15791. My mistake.
    1
  15792. A safe assumption, yes.
    1
  15793. ?? The entire concept was to attempt to reduce the strength of a hurricane.
    1
  15794. The number came from Barnum himself, and so is likely greatly exaggerated.
    1
  15795. The experts seem to disagree with you on that claim. It is difficult to verify, given that the Air Force has still not released any details.
    1
  15796. Daniel Ryan it is, yes.
    1
  15797. I try to present history without spin. That claim was not “omitted,” but mentioned briefly at the end. There is scant evidence to support the assertion that the famine was caused by deliberate act.
    1
  15798. Clearly that is a bald eagle.
    1
  15799. Australia left the British honors system in 1991. They are now awarded The Victoria Cross for Australia.
    1
  15800. I think we will have an episode on USS Texas, but right now visitors can't view the ship. We might not be able to do an episode until it has been restored and finds a new home.
    1
  15801. Dhruv Yadav sorry, you are incorrect there. Operation Neptune encompassed the Normandy Landings. The airborne operations during the Normandy landings- including the one described here- were included in Operation Neptune.
    1
  15802. Dhruv Yadav My intent is not to keep score. Neptune referred to establishing the secure foothold - the first phase of Overlord. The 82nd and 101st Ariborne divisions were part of the US First Army under Lt General Omar Bradley, and their operations were seen as part of securing Utah beach. The operation and attached units are described here by the US Army Center for Military History. https://history.army.mil/books/wwii/100-11/ch1.htm
    1
  15803. Dhruv Yadav sorry- had to track down a primary reference. This is a PDF of the Army operational plan for NEPTUNE. The airborne operations summary in on page 14. http://cgsc.cdmhost.com/utils/getdownloaditem/collection/p4013coll8/id/3025/filename/3052.pdf/mapsto/pdf My name is Lance Geiger. You can contact me via the about tab on the channel home page.
    1
  15804. The episode makes no mention if the CCP.
    1
  15805. I wish that I had more time to spend on that part of the story. Certainly there were two sides to it, but there were legitimate concerns about her behavior.
    1
  15806. What information do you have on him? I would be honored to tell his story if we know enough about him.
    1
  15807.  @andrewb8548  $5 was more than double the average factory wage at the time.
    1
  15808. A man purported to have been his son was in the Navy. That was the man injured.
    1
  15809. That is an interesting question. There is an argument that she was essentially given the medal since Lincoln wanted to reward her, but could not oppose the army medical corps and give her a commission. Part of the discussion also has to do with the veracity of the claim that she was operating as a spy for Pinkerton, and thus risking herself. But in any case, she put herself at significant risk travelling behind enemy lines to do her duty, and that seems to me to be a reasonable justification given the standards at the time. Of course her actions would not fit the current standards, but she may well have qualified for another gallantry medal such as a bronze or silver star had those been available. The specific argument for returning the medal was that the Myles commission revoked it because she was a civilian. The counter was that she would have been easily granted a commission had she been a male, and so it was absurd to deny her the medal based on that. The other civilians- civilian scouts including William Cody, who likewise had their medal revoked also had them returned.
    1
  15810. I understand and respect those who choose not to support the platform. I am also concerned about the controversy, but have not found a superior option for my channel.
    1
  15811. gosportjamie the M1 Bazooka used the gas ejected to counter the recoil and is described as “recoilless.”
    1
  15812. This episode was written by my son Josh.
    1
  15813. Confederate soldiers were never granted veteran status, but they have been recognized on Memorial Day from the beginning. Not only is it clear that Logan was inspired by Confederate decoration days, particularly by the Columbus, Mississippi decoration day in 1866 where graves from both the Confederacy and the Union were decorated. During the fist Decoration Day after Logan's General Order #11, graves from both Union and Confederate soldiers were strewn with flowers at Arlington. The press at the time made it clear that part of the reason for the celebration was a mood of reconciliation, and a poem published in the Atlantic Monthly read: "No more shall the war cry sever, Or the winding rivers be red; They banish our anger forever, When they laurel the graves of our dead! Under the sod and the dew, Waiting the judgment-day, Love and tears for the Blue, Tears and love for the Gray." The celebration in 1913 featured a four day "Blue Grey Reunion" of veterans from both sides. There is a Confederate section at Arlington, and today flags are placed on those graves on Memorial Day along with all the others.
    1
  15814. There are remains in three of the four tombs. Only the Unknown Soldier of the Vietnam war was identified. The US does, however, engage in extraordinary effort to identify remain of its war dead.
    1
  15815. Pretty much, yeah. Really helped those turnip yields...
    1
  15816. I do believe that you are conflating Centralia Il and Centralia Pa.
    1
  15817. They had already cut off fuel- the engine was not running. The propeller failed to feather and was spinning in the wind. They cut off the oil in the hopes that the engine would seize so that the propeller would stop spinning. This is all very clearly described in the CAB report.
    1
  15818. Quite possibly we will- there is a good story just in its preservation and restoration.
    1
  15819. We have one on every floor of the house.
    1
  15820. Certainly has been a fun year for dear old CU.
    1
  15821. It certainly has been an exciting year for Dear Old CU.
    1
  15822. 331SVTCobra the navigator sat there. The design was the same in the Tu-104.
    1
  15823. Thank you!
    1
  15824. Titus Ponrathnam I got a subscription to Viddyoze and am playing around. We haven’t decided if we will keep switching them or settle on one.
    1
  15825. The stahlhelm was sent to me by a US military veteran who found it in a forest while stationed in Germany. It is merely a historical artifact. I am sorry that you are so desperate to read something into that.
    1
  15826. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0046029/
    1
  15827. No, Pluto was not named after a cartoon dog.
    1
  15828. Khadijah Brown you can watch Magellan on devices, as well aa ROKU and FireTV if you are a cable-cutter.
    1
  15829. Gods Skypig1 it seems a goos topic- I will have to do more research
    1
  15830. He does not seem to have been suspected. The explanation that Tiffany never dealt with uncut stones seems credible.
    1
  15831. Larry Scott well there was a lot of gap between what was claimed and what they had. The whole thing was a “stretch.” The company asserted that they were using all sorts of space age materials. The body was supposedly to be constructed of a lightweight composite “indestructible rocket structural resin,” that was stronger than steel, and, as it was colored rather than painted, would not show scratches. Carmichael claimed to have rammed one into a wall at 30 MPH without damaging the car. The dashboard was supposed to be a printed circuit board, so that components could be plugged in without the need for wires. The air conditioning system supposedly had no moving parts. For repair, the entire power train assembly could be removed by taking out just four nuts. In the end, as the episode shows, the car was mostly just a fraud. I use the term “Space Age Automobile” because that is how it was marketed.
    1
  15832. LOL
    1
  15833. We would have to figure that out- I think the YouTube Red allows you to download. But you want to be able to essentially, buy it on a separate site?
    1
  15834. Lol- I wish I had his bank account.
    1
  15835. Stargate was post Star Wars
    1
  15836. Jason Rice I don’t know...
    1
  15837. Not sure if this is the same riot: The 'Ten Cent Beer Night' Riot https://youtu.be/nx_zzHjqFRk
    1
  15838. That they are.
    1
  15839. DerUfo according to the local news, they were invited, but none accepted. But one crewman sent a voice recording.
    1
  15840. Respectfully, it is a different award than that which Bill Newtown was awarded. Australia left the British honors system in 1991.
    1
  15841. doggonemess check your device for a YouTube update, that fixed the issue for some viewers.
    1
  15842. His participation is purely voluntary
    1
  15843. aldiboronti they had lifeboats, but not the type that could launch in that type of weather. Those were added to the other towers after the Tower 5 collapse.
    1
  15844. Correct- the scientist in the episode was Max Born.
    1
  15845. It is not a YouTube thing, no. It is me messing with the outtro.
    1
  15846. It is not a YouTube thing, no. It is me messing with the outtro.
    1
  15847. It is not a YouTube thing, no. It is me messing with the outtro.
    1
  15848. The entry to the bunker was under the bed.
    1
  15849. I use a program called Viddyoze- those animations are really easy to do.
    1
  15850. Thomas Paine yea she continued to wear the medal. The Board of Generals struck off 911 recipients in 1917, but decided it would look bad to go wrestle medals away from aged veterans, so they all kept wearing them.
    1
  15851. I started in March 2017, and have posted around 825 episodes.
    1
  15852. https://youtu.be/vJMwIar7FN0
    1
  15853. Sorry for the error.
    1
  15854. Happy Birthday!
    1
  15855. Death Hunt (1981) loosely based on the Mad Trapper story.
    1
  15856. POWs were often put into service in medical roles. I have not found more details regarding the fire.
    1
  15857. No, that is just a dog sitting behind the fence.
    1
  15858. Presumably southwest pictographs. The video is from an Air Force video entitled "Missile Flight Safety for Off Range Firings Into White Sands Missile Range." The video describes the scenes only as representing "The lonely reaches of the thinly settled American West" and later opines "the very lack of population makes these vast stretches of dry, stable, land ideal locations for missile testing." So whatever it is, the DoD wanted to bomb it....
    1
  15859. Yes, sorry for the misspeak.
    1
  15860. Stuart Paul she’s awfully serious about breakfast!
    1
  15861. The dog as clearly suffering and disabled.
    1
  15862. I will have more airship topics in the future, yes.
    1
  15863. Happy Birthday!
    1
  15864. That was a direct quotation.
    1
  15865. As an investigative technique criminal profiling has played a role in many high profile cases including the apprehensions of Ted Bundy and Joseph Paul Franklin.
    1
  15866. Fair point, but the International Harvester M1s produced between 1953 and 1956 were an interesting story, and seemed worth mentioning. We will possibly have an episode on that odd bit of firearms history.
    1
  15867. That is a good question. When he represented himself in trial, he definitely referred to himself in the third person. But that may have been his way of delineating the attorney from the defendant, or might have simply been force of habit for a lawyer used to representing people other than himself. There doesn't appear to be any clear evidence that he normally spoke about himself in the third person.
    1
  15868. It was moved to a nuclear storage facility in Georgia.
    1
  15869. It has, but the point is that it, like airplanes and submarines, developed greatly during the Great War. There were massive improvements in shrapnel munitions used in the First World War, so much so that as many as eight in ten wounds were head wounds from shrapnel.
    1
  15870. This training film gives advice on how to bail out of a P-38: https://archive.org/details/P-38FlightCharacteristics
    1
  15871. Like small arms were in the Captain's locker, and they had no time to retrieve them. Only a few of the crew seem to have come out armed.
    1
  15872. It is
    1
  15873. We mention that in this episode: https://youtu.be/Hxgds0tYl_Y?si=CGVZLFLXmODO4ggn
    1
  15874. Oh for pity sake. I do maybe two ninety second sponsorships a month out of usually 12 long form and 44 short form postings. I don't think that is a lot to ask of viewers.
    1
  15875. They came here for their own religious freedom. Like many colonists, they were seeking a place where they could order their society around their own beliefs.
    1
  15876. Thank you for this detail! And thank you for your service.
    1
  15877. I am doing a series on my hats exclusive for patrons on Patreon. www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  15878. IMDb lists it as "in Development." https://www.cinemablend.com/new/Pacific-Clipper-Tale-Comes-Theaters-5590.html
    1
  15879. Ads on YouTube are controlled by Google. Creators have no control over which ads you see,.
    1
  15880. The Chinese Civil War- right after the Second World War.
    1
  15881. Wow! Good for you!
    1
  15882. https://youtu.be/3144SpUGbng?si=GHl591cyNnK_WuCe
    1
  15883. James Dallas I hope no shooting is involved.
    1
  15884. Hugo Lindum nineteen years.
    1
  15885. That is a NATO publicity shot. Cut out above are two West German F-4s.
    1
  15886. Certainly true that the ships didn't guarantee victory, But lack of the ships pretty much guaranteed defeat.
    1
  15887. Mike Buttfild yes, it is a similar plot, although the movie featured a Douglas DC-4 and the plane made it to San Fransisco. But the movie came out two years before the accident, so Pan Am 6 did not inspire the film.
    1
  15888. Mike Buttfild LOL “Stinky Stack,” good to know!
    1
  15889. You can see why he’d be dreadful
    1
  15890. I did leave out the story of Boise, which was not actually part of the Asiatic fleet, but essentially stranded and assigned to ABDA after a trip to the Philippines.
    1
  15891. Possibly, yes, it was an epic voyage with a disastrous end.
    1
  15892. That is a fair point- but the Dr is really talking about the psychological need that drives our fascination with serial killers. We love to observe bad people, because it makes us feel better about ourselves by comparison.
    1
  15893. Another interesting story. Yes, we do hope to cover that at some point.
    1
  15894. It definitely has sound. Is yours muted?
    1
  15895. Angelsy1 I think the bulk of it would have ended up transferred to Spain.
    1
  15896. Dunas Movas I challenge you to find an inaccuracy. Using the word “propaganda” is insulting and incorrect. The ANZAC troops fought bravely in the Great War. The Australian corps made significant contributions at Amiens. But no, Amiens dis not end the war, and no, there were not enough Australians available to fill the line at Meuse Argonne. I do not aggrandize the US role. It is not necessary for you to denigrate their sacrifice- and the effect of bringing a million fresh troops into the conflict- in order to recognize the Australian contribution.
    1
  15897. Cosigner22 the ashes were under found in strata through excavation.
    1
  15898. imbetterthanyouis the puggaree is derived from an Indian scarf and predates the slouch hat. I don’t believe that it was ever intended as a bandage. This gives a good description of the history of the slouch hat and puggaree: https://www.army.gov.au/our-history/traditions/the-slouch-hat
    1
  15899. We pulled the outtro because our statistics showed that people were tuning out. The new system is supposed to make it easier to go to the next suggested video.
    1
  15900. They were, although not as central as they were in the great war. The rail advantage in the North most certainly made a difference.
    1
  15901. Essentially the transport commands were split out, with the Air Force in charge of air transport, the Navy in charge of sea transport and Army in charge of rail transport.
    1
  15902. LotharTheFellhanded yes, that is the connection
    1
  15903. Warren Arellano some are, others are various historical photos.
    1
  15904. It was not damage- the blimp was designed to vent helium if the airship reached a pressure altitude of 2000 feet. That was likely an automatic discharge through a valve. That does raise the question as to why the crew would take the blimp above its pressure ceiling.
    1
  15905. We've actually been trying to advocate for them as well. There is a lot involved, but only one M1 is on display in a museum, and that is a marine version and considered "on loan. "
    1
  15906. BridgeAlligator yeah- they are impressive.
    1
  15907. That is a fair point. The Navy has contested the CAP claims. The process of confirming U-boat "kills" was imprecise, especially from the air, as there was less ability to gather evidence, although the type of debris reported was consistent with a kill.
    1
  15908. Respectfully, masterworks is a legitimate investment- we did our research. We also carefully follow all FEC rules on the advertisement.
    1
  15909. The argument is that people who were displaced by the Celts may have lived in the wild and actually abducted people- or, at least, stories of such things happening were kept alive.
    1
  15910. Lol
    1
  15911. Pumkin pie spice, a premixed spice, has been sold since the 1930s.
    1
  15912. At least as has been publicly acknowledged, no. The SR-71 used side looking cameras and flew on the edge of Soviet airspace. Lockheed SR-71s of the Baltic Express https://youtu.be/15BcGlxlh4g
    1
  15913. The picture is generic- i am stuck with what is available in the public domain. You are correct, Soviet military reactor designs use Uranium fuel.
    1
  15914. https://youtu.be/E2383ElpU4U
    1
  15915. I posted a couple of short videos on Facebook. Feel free if you want to ask about anything in particular.
    1
  15916. cheesefrogsnail I have- the original document is in Quebec. The question that Washington raised was in how they were translated to him at the time. The articles and translation are here: https://www.nps.gov/fone/learn/historyculture/capitulation.htm
    1
  15917. Good point- we'll try to work that into some of the stories.
    1
  15918. Be sure to use the updated link, as the original apparently was not working properly. Please use the link http://bit.ly/2F3ihHf and the code PLAYLANGLEY2019.
    1
  15919. I don't set it out often. I love the thing, but it takes like an hour to warm up.
    1
  15920. thhseeking correct- it is a photo of a gun on display at the battery museum.
    1
  15921. A distinction to which I do not aspire.
    1
  15922. Yes, humans can survive a trip through the Van Allen belt. The mission was designed to travel through the belt quickly. The astronauts received a relatively low, not dangerous, amount of radiation. If you want to be a moon-landing denier, that is fine. You can do your own research and come to your own conclusions. But no, the vast overwhelming majority of people and scientists who disagree are not foolish. If you want people to respect your opinion, learn to respect theirs.
    1
  15923. Thank you!
    1
  15924. That they were.
    1
  15925. Sadly, we are no longer together, and she is no longer involved in the channel.
    1
  15926. There are sculptures of them being used. The general consensus is that they were functional.
    1
  15927. Thank you!
    1
  15928. More likely hard cider.
    1
  15929. Wow!
    1
  15930. Patrick McManus yes, I think they are.
    1
  15931. Jim Burig with just two engines, speed was greatly reduced. Five hours would not have gotten them near land.
    1
  15932. A Tale of Two Dakotas https://youtu.be/WVAllX6D5DM
    1
  15933. I have an episode on the K-219, but not the K-129. It is quite the mystery.
    1
  15934. sending you a quick email, Max. Thanks for letting us know.
    1
  15935. It actually sold quite well. It was mostly the public relations that were the disaster.
    1
  15936. https://youtu.be/F2L7bvFON7U
    1
  15937. I have no idea how YouTube picks the ads.
    1
  15938. According to the Bank of England inflation calculator £94.55 today.
    1
  15939. Fahad Afsar https://youtu.be/9hH0DTy77FE
    1
  15940. Mark Fannin more on Soviet history here. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjbMru8BZefOoEVAy-kKkR8
    1
  15941. They are paper/wood fibers impregnated with resin. The fiber is sometimes described as “a type of cardboard.”
    1
  15942. Yes it is.
    1
  15943. We talk about Hornigold in this epsiode: https://youtu.be/2GZgf1j1n78
    1
  15944. Not yet- perhaps in a future episode.
    1
  15945. Four during the episode?
    1
  15946. The goal is not to claim that the war with Mexico would not have occurred, but to point out that the situation would have been quite different had Texas annexation occurred before the election of 1844. In fact, manifest destiny was not universally accepted at the time. Polk changes the equation, although by exactly how much is an unanswerable question.
    1
  15947. Texas statehood was pretty much guaranteed, yes. And that did make war likely, even though Polk really chose to agitate for it. He was a strong personality, and ranked by many historians as one of the most effective US presidents. It is, at least, interesting to speculate the flow of history if Polk was never elected.
    1
  15948. I suspect because it is an election year. I don’t control the ads.
    1
  15949. The issue was more about military vs civilian and principles of freedom of space than Von Braun being German. Russia's tech also came from German scientists.
    1
  15950. There are a few books on the trip, but none that I know of directly written by the crew. However this one was written by a former Pan Am Clipper pilot and utilized extensive interviews with the crew, including captain Ford. https://www.amazon.com/Long-Way-Home-Ed-Dover/dp/061521472X/ref=pd_rhf_dp_s_cp_0_2?_encoding=UTF8&pd_rd_i=061521472X&pd_rd_r=EHT93BZ2WRZBFBE407VK&pd_rd_w=vrS2I&pd_rd_wg=G7oDj&psc=1&refRID=EHT93BZ2WRZBFBE407VK
    1
  15951. WE may do an episode on the Battle of Samar. It is somewhat large in scope and somewhat well known for this channel.
    1
  15952. Thank you!
    1
  15953. There are pictures, just not in the Public Domain. Sisson's book has several.
    1
  15954. Yes, I left out RK- was running short of time.
    1
  15955. https://youtu.be/pkR3DqnXhIk
    1
  15956. Thank you for the kind words! Yes, I try to read the comments, although with more than 800 videos now I can’t keep up with them all.
    1
  15957. The claim was that the ectoplasm was underwear.
    1
  15958.  @gusloader123  true, but there is an exception. PHSCC officers that are detailed to the Coast Guard are considered active duty. Military.
    1
  15959. The sponsor is not allowed to provide the promotional material by YouTube policy, as that would be competition with Google Ads. Internally sponsored material has to be produced by the creator. My personal recommendation is both sincere and, in my opinion, more meaningful than just plugging in premade material. The entirety of the sponsored material in the episode is 2 minutes and ten seconds, and is a fair presentation given that they are kind enough to sponsor us. Blinkist is a great product, not at all "fly-by-night," and we are grateful that they choose to support our channel.
    1
  15960. These are podcasts. We release a podcast every other Tuesday wherever you get your podcasts, and then post them a few weeks later here on YouTube because some fans like to get them here.
    1
  15961. No, this plane was written off. It did not fly again.
    1
  15962.  @googaagoogaa12345678  huh- so it does. Apologies, I guess I was wrong.
    1
  15963. D. Paul Gladstone the legal process was to repatriate them. If they wished to return, they had to follow the normal immigration process, but that was restricted by quotas. For those that had formed attachments, the work-around was for the couple to marry in Italy, and then the former POW could immigrate as the spouse of a citizen. We know that many (there doesn’t appear to be any full accounting) former POWs eventually returned to the US, but there was not a legal process by which they could simply stay after the camp closed.
    1
  15964. They were acquired from the Museum of the United States Air Force.
    1
  15965. I watched videos of locals, and they pronounced it "Quintin's hill" - no sh.
    1
  15966. It was an extraordinary fear, but no, not the first jet airliner to ditch in a narrow river in the middle of a city. https://youtu.be/P3hbsYDpeto
    1
  15967. Thank you for your service!
    1
  15968. I had originally included the chalk story, but the track historian tells me that it is unproven.
    1
  15969. That is correct.
    1
  15970. The conclusion that it results were much larger then the costs cold be taken as "a waste of time and effort?"
    1
  15971. Richard Godwin we limit to two sponsored episodes a month, and only partner with sponsors whose products we feel match our audience and we endorse and use. We understand that some people do not prefer sponsored content. We usually produce at least ten new episodes a month without sponsored content.
    1
  15972. LOL you'll have to talk to Ms History guy about the hair.
    1
  15973. Yes, the eruption of Tambura in 1815 was the cause of the year without a summer. https://youtu.be/urYvBb7_OBM
    1
  15974. https://youtu.be/RjPNvbYX1Bw
    1
  15975. It depends upon the topic, but I post three times a week, so we only have about two days to put an episode together.
    1
  15976. Fokker. It was a Dutch airplane manufacturer.
    1
  15977. Admiral Belzediel please read my answer. The actual Oxford dictionary definition of “Britain” is the island containing England, Scotland and Wales. That is the context of the term used in the episode.
    1
  15978. Well yes, but on a map upper is north
    1
  15979. I think it is a Pan Am publicity shot. I included it because it had the Golden gate in the background. You are correct, that is the Martin 130.
    1
  15980. I do- definitely on my list.
    1
  15981. I spent a few moments on Detroit at the start- i am jot sure what you call "bla bla bla." Despite the geographical distance, the two were completely economically intertwined and subject to the same loss of industry. Absolutely the are was caught up in the "decline of Detroit."
    1
  15982. Judy Reese LOL no worries. Given the comments, I would have made the distinction clearer, as well as making it clearer that it was not a uniquely Flint operation- as many note, the sting itself was not held in Flint. I do think that the entire area- including Detroit- were facing similar economic and law enforcement challenges. I did not mean to disrespect any of the communities involved.
    1
  15983. Same to you!
    1
  15984. We made five episodes for History At Home, so there is still one more to be released.
    1
  15985. Savonarola was not so much about the rich and the poor. His argument was that the end of times was coming, and people needed to thrust off material things in order to focus on the inner self.
    1
  15986. Dog is my co-pirate metal detecting drive safely!
    1
  15987. The French word for sirloin is actually aloyau, and the French word for loins is lombes. Longe actually means "tether," and surlong, in this case, is referring to being above the chest, which is called the poitrine tendonou, or chest tendon. That is, that is not referring to "above the loins," but "above the tendon." That part of the beef is the short rib area, and not what either the British or Americans would call a sirloin.
    1
  15988. Yes, that is on my list of topics.
    1
  15989. Holt said he didn’t think they were in a shooting war. In fact, there had been losses in ferret missions, but the losses had all been kept secret.
    1
  15990. He does have his many detractors.
    1
  15991. It is a fair point that we could have included those instances. Our reasoning is that we might do an entire episode on HMS Baralong in the future.
    1
  15992. Nope
    1
  15993. Joel Atwater no- this is the first time ww have uploaded this episode.
    1
  15994. It was called Miracle of the White Stallions.
    1
  15995. Thank you!
    1
  15996. Fair point, but it only takes one of them being correct...
    1
  15997.  @ronbednarczyk2497  I mention the antitank rifles around 3:30.
    1
  15998. Yeah, but who are those two people?
    1
  15999. Aramis419 the little plug at the end is standard.
    1
  16000. Jason Polk that is correct. He chose not to be entombed at the Lincoln tomb in Illinois.
    1
  16001. Dave Bronstein yes, he was entitled to be buried at Arlington.
    1
  16002. I did not mention the number, no. It was less than you might think. https://www.cowanauctions.com/lot/myles-keogh-s-1860-papal-medal-the-pro-petri-sede-41175
    1
  16003. Please listen again- the "g" is definitely there.
    1
  16004. https://youtu.be/kDIMMUicviM
    1
  16005. It was pronounced Seedler by the Americans
    1
  16006. You are correct- I had no idea. When it comes to place names, the British doggedly refuse to speak English...
    1
  16007. Eric Taylor some assume that it is a backdrop.
    1
  16008. Eric Taylor some assume it is a green screen.
    1
  16009. The allies made a lot of agreements of convenience. In Yugoslavia, there were no good choices, only better ones. They chose the faction that they thought offered the best chance of defeating the Germans.
    1
  16010. True, although, of course, the term had a different meaning at the time...
    1
  16011. It was a modern article.
    1
  16012. Yes.
    1
  16013. The complaint was pictures of indigenous African women who had not covered their breasts.
    1
  16014. hyfy1970 I do plan to do an episode on them yes. Please be patient, I have many topics and plenty of time to do them.
    1
  16015. Pookie
    1
  16016.  @Mudhooks  he is paid in pets and kibble
    1
  16017. Possibly...
    1
  16018. Brotherhood of the Wolf.
    1
  16019. Sadly, scrapped in 1975.
    1
  16020. We'll research it. I drove the turnpike in the 80's when I worked in the Pittsburgh area.
    1
  16021. Thank you!
    1
  16022. The first photo is disputed, and has been claimed to be either woman. I personally think it looks more like the verified photos of Josephine than Kate Cummings.
    1
  16023. Descendants, not direct offspring. Female rats go into heat- the "period of receptivity" fifteen times a year. the number could actually be higher. A discussion of the math here: https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index;_ylt=A0geK.J5pERbdyoAaClXNyoA;_ylu=X3oDMTByOHZyb21tBGNvbG8DYmYxBHBvcwMxBHZ0aWQDBHNlYwNzcg--?qid=20061227113619AALEWH4&p=how%20many%20rtas%20from%20one%20pair%20in%20a%20year
    1
  16024. Thank you!
    1
  16025. Captions are turned on from our end. I have no idea why they aren’t showing, but it doesn’t appear to be anything in our settings.
    1
  16026. The bomb from the Tybee Island incident,. for which there have been conflicting reports regarding whether it included nuclear material, has never been definitively located.
    1
  16027. The difference was in endurance. the Navy liked that they could stay aloft virtually indefinitely. Some lighter than air ships did prove to be good tools for sub hunting in the second world war. But I do agree, you would have to be fairly blind not to see that aerodynes had a far greater potential.
    1
  16028. For exclusive content and behind-the-scenes fun, join our community of fans and supporters at https://thehistoryguyguild.locals.com!
    1
  16029. That is commonly done these days.
    1
  16030. The terminal was a station until the new building opened and the routes were changed.
    1
  16031. It is a high-end purchase, yes.
    1
  16032. That is a barracks photo- commonly called a "yardlong." They are company H of the Fifth Missouri Infantry in 1917.
    1
  16033. I do usually wear French cuffs. But I don’t have custom links for sale.
    1
  16034. Cheers!
    1
  16035. Raus knew the difference between the two, and was quite specific that it was a KV-1.
    1
  16036. The Americans did do research on EMP weapons, and the Russians were aware of the research. Apparently the conjecture was that the US that research was more advanced than it seems to have been.
    1
  16037. I am sorry- I did not change any ad settings.
    1
  16038. Would that be the UnXplained?
    1
  16039. Those are a different fruit.
    1
  16040. Those are a different fruit.
    1
  16041. Fair point. Although DEW was an acronym, not an invitation to do something.
    1
  16042. Kenneth Vaughan lol I got that.
    1
  16043. But they did. They literally used existing train schedules rather than modifying them, as it was easier. It is hard to overstate how central railways were to the prosecution of the Great War.
    1
  16044. There was a theory that the signalmen had been bribed by the Germans, but it doesn't seem to get much credibility from historians.
    1
  16045. I wanted to include a bit of the song, but it is still under copyright, even old US Army recordings. It is not clear who inspired the song, written by Don Raye and Hughie Prince.
    1
  16046. Lucius Avenus I have not read any of his books, but am generally familiar with his claims. It is an interesting hypothesis.
    1
  16047. He was my cat who often appeared on screen.
    1
  16048. There are several pictures of him, but they are not in the Public Domain. The postcards are under copyright still.
    1
  16049. Brad Johnson today it would likely be illegal price-fixing under anti-trust laws. But it was legal at the time, yes.
    1
  16050.  @lural8716  I make that point at the end of the video. The reason I say otherwise at the start is that a Western audience would be familiar with Napoleon.
    1
  16051. The Hyperion. I remember seeing "The Island at the Top of the World" as a kid and being just amazed by the airship, which, sadly, blows up at the end.
    1
  16052. Yes, my fault. She was a Clerk-Typist.
    1
  16053. Reportedly there is a project in the works. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4703374/
    1
  16054. The Florida Parishes get the concept: https://www.visitbatonrouge.com/events/mardi-gras/
    1
  16055. It works fine. It just requires direct light, and we use umbrella lamps when filming.
    1
  16056. We've not done an episode specific to the WASPs, although we've briefly mentioned them a few times.
    1
  16057. Thank you! The episode was authored by our friend Tracy Douglas.
    1
  16058. Thank you! The episode was authored by our friend Tracy Douglas.
    1
  16059. I apologize, but I mumbled her age. It was her fifty-eight birthday, not her fiftieth. She was 22 when they married.
    1
  16060. I use every period photograph of Roman legions in action that are available.
    1
  16061. The Library of Congress estimated 75%, but there is no good way to know the exact number. It is safe to say an awful lot was lost.
    1
  16062. It is an inflatable representation of an 8.8 cm round. It was purchased from the gift shop at The Tank Museum.
    1
  16063. Yes- there are many recipes available on the web.
    1
  16064. All the media comes from the public domain. i use the highest resolution photos I can find.
    1
  16065. Sam Eyers the capital was moved to Mediolamum, (today Milan) by emperor Maximian in 286, and then moved by the emperor Honorius to Ravenna in 402.
    1
  16066. I am a historian. The project I described is well documented and sunsetted nearly forty years ago.
    1
  16067. You clearly didn’t bother to watch before complaining.
    1
  16068. I am not responsible for the ads.
    1
  16069. There was a rudimentary passive sonar in use at the very end of the war, and some use of hydrophones. Active sonar was not developed until the 1920s. The primary way that submarines were identified in WWI was to physically see the periscope.
    1
  16070. Yes, he fought and was wounded in the battle for Manila.
    1
  16071. LOL agreed. Luhhvle.
    1
  16072. Incidentally, Harlan Sanders’ title “Colonel” came by virtue of him being a member of the Honorable Order of Kentucky Colonels. I am also a Colonel.
    1
  16073. That is an interesting question, especially given that the allies had AA guns of similar muzzle velocity, and simply never made the modifications that would have allowed them to be as effective in the anti-tank role as the 8.8. The answer is likely partly because it takes years to develop a new weapon system, and partly because the allies were largely on offensive after 1941, where towed guns such as the 8.8 were less useful. More effective anti-tank guns continued to be developed throughout the war, notably the excellent British 17 lbr, giving less imperative to copy the 8.8.
    1
  16074. awuma yes. I used it because it was aimed at Scotsmen and advertising for the Territorial army.
    1
  16075. It was a strategic bomber. “Medium Bombers” were designed to carry medium bomb loads over medium distances. The B-58 was intended to carry the largest bomb in the US arsenal all the way to Moscow.
    1
  16076.  @johnosbourn4312  I am sorry, you are incorrect. The B-36 was retired in 1959, before the B-58 entered service. The Mark 17 nuclear bomb was retired in 1957. The B-53 nuclear bomb carried by the B-58 was the single largest bomb that could be carried by an aircraft in the US arsenal during the service period of the B-58. The term “medium bomber” was meaningless after WWII, and the B-58 was never intended for any purpose similar to medium bombers. Medium bombers were generally defined as carrying a 2000 lb bomb load. The B-58 carried around ten times that. The B-58 was a strategic bomber.
    1
  16077.  @johnosbourn4312  it was never referred to as a medium bomber. The term was out of use, and utterly incorrect for the B-58. I don’t get what point you are trying to make. It was a strategic bomber.
    1
  16078.  @johnosbourn4312  there is no such term or category of “medium strategic bomber.”
    1
  16079. No. https://www.wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?17365
    1
  16080. https://youtu.be/HO3P5jkQmgU
    1
  16081. Yes, I live about a half hour from Fort De Chartres.
    1
  16082. deffenbeard I don’t know, I did not grow up in Southern Illinois and my wife did, and she thinks I say it wrong too.
    1
  16083. I talk about Aerostats here: https://youtu.be/vJMwIar7FN0
    1
  16084. The Eternity of Hills Memorial Park is in Colma.
    1
  16085. Photos are for illustration purposes only.
    1
  16086. The Last American Cavalry Charge https://youtu.be/vAtfL8K8tcw
    1
  16087. Every detail of their operation is available here: https://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USA/ref/TM/PDFs/TME9-369A_Germ88.pdf
    1
  16088. Thank you!
    1
  16089. https://youtu.be/yseldOMcT4Q
    1
  16090.  @LarrySimon-lz7ky  that is a very different SS Ohio.
    1
  16091. I may well do an episode on the Halifax explosion, although it is far less "forgotten."
    1
  16092. Großer Maik thank you!
    1
  16093. You are welcome!
    1
  16094. Hopefully you have developed a good resistance.
    1
  16095. athopi cus I went and looked and did find a few with Patton wearing the steel shell. The one he is wearing in the picture is a shiny liner with four stars, exactly like the one George C Scott wears in the opening scene of the movie. I don’t know why it looks odd, but it might just be the angle of the photo on the shelf relative to the camera.
    1
  16096. We understand that some viewers do not prefer sponsored content. That is why we made it clear from the opening screen that the episode was sponsored, in case viewers would prefer to choose one of our approximately 300 episodes that do not include sponsored content.
    1
  16097. Let us know what you think after you try them!
    1
  16098. Mike Rusch that is an interesting story- the mission was kept secret for decades. I may do an episode on it some time.
    1
  16099. Coming very soon!
    1
  16100. I belive it was the K-314. Other sources say that the K-431 listing was the error.
    1
  16101. Kerim Bozkurt Russia was at war at the time, but I don’t think this load was uniquely important.
    1
  16102. Thank you!
    1
  16103. And what s incorrect about the comment? South Africa was independent but declared war in 1939
    1
  16104. Howard Vanderwall https://youtu.be/Nkzkcia-7lc
    1
  16105. Worth a try...
    1
  16106. LOL- no, that is Frankenstein fighting Darth Vader.
    1
  16107. I might do some topics from the New Zealand Land Wars. I did do this one about the Musket War: https://youtu.be/GeVXAz6MGBA
    1
  16108. https://youtu.be/_Uu6GULBKVM?si=7X6BvOreCaylzuxS
    1
  16109. I have not been able to find a reference specific to this group. But, for the most part, Cossacks were repatriated to the Soviet Union per agreements made at Yalta.
    1
  16110. The goal is two a week.
    1
  16111. Stoney Curtis thank you!
    1
  16112. Roughly, yes.
    1
  16113. kyng rj wright then this is the channel for you!
    1
  16114. Noted in the pinned comment.
    1
  16115. Oddly, some celluloid film seems to preserve perfectly. Others spontaneously combust.
    1
  16116. Thanks!
    1
  16117.  @richardcutts196  WoW provided the reel, which just represents gameplay.
    1
  16118.  @jaquigreenlees  I agree- the history is in the models, obviously not in the gameplay.
    1
  16119. Yes.
    1
  16120. Thanks, Paul. Glad you enjoyed this one!
    1
  16121. Actually, period newspapers are considered primary sources.
    1
  16122. You are correct that Arras was no “discovery.” The Germans decided that the 8.8 should be optimized for both the anti-aircraft and the anti-tank role based on their experience in the Spanish Civil War.
    1
  16123. That is an interesting discussion itself, and actually quite of lot of good discussion has gone on here in the comments.
    1
  16124. My understanding is that MyHeritage does not share the DNA data.
    1
  16125. Big Blue a film project is supposedly underway.
    1
  16126. Thank you!
    1
  16127. The color was named after the fruit.
    1
  16128. The settlement was not insubstantial, but as the Air Force insisted on accounting for depreciation, it was not enough to replace the damaged property.
    1
  16129. Likely the crew was killed by the Foresters as they exited the tank, although at least one account claims they were captured. Apparently, given the location where the tank was disabled, the crew was unable to do any destroying.
    1
  16130. I actually live next to the airbase where the US kept it's zeppelins. Rigid airships were largely abandoned by the US military after the Hindenburg disaster, but we did continue to utilize blimps for sometime.
    1
  16131. I mention that in the introduction.
    1
  16132. Certainly the federal debt worries me.
    1
  16133. He was enthralled!
    1
  16134. I have talked a little about the Battle of Chosin, but not the tootsie rolls yet.
    1
  16135. Pontchartrain (WHEC-70) was an Owasco class high-endurance cutter. There was an earlier Lake class cutter of the same name built in 1928.
    1
  16136. That was actually a quotation.
    1
  16137. It is certainly an interesting premise.
    1
  16138. The INA participation was small and came late in the battle. I did not mention them because they had no practical effect on the outcome of the battle. I hope to do an episode on the INA some time. But in terms of the battles of Imphal and Kohima, the battles were more important to INA identity than the INA troops actually were to the prosecution of the battle.
    1
  16139. I am very sorry to inform you that the companies that licensed "Official" Indiana Jones fedoras, including Stetson, did not make the actual hat worn in the movie. Quite a lengthy discussion of Indiana Jones fedoras here: https://www.indygear.com/igfedora.html
    1
  16140. Actually we have four. My life is, literally, herding cats.
    1
  16141. You are correct, the crew used the APU. I am not sure how that is different than a starter motor, as that is the motor used to start the engines. The FAA in the report on the accident showed photos of on board radar, but it was not public domain, so I could not include it in the episode. It is definitely not monochrome. They specifically talk about the color coding. This is from the FAA report: "Displays typically show green for lowest intensities of weather, graduating to amber and red as intensity increases. Red areas indicate the most intense precipitation and are to be avoided. Areas where no precipitation is "seen" by the radar are displayed as black, or the same color as the display background. However, when displaying extreme precipitation levels, the radar may display the highest intensities (worse than red) as "clear" on the radar screen. This is commonly known as a "radar shadow" and is a result of attenuation of the radar signal." the FAA accident report is here: https://web.archive.org/web/20150104105758/http://lessonslearned.faa.gov/ll_main.cfm?TabID=1&LLID=40&LLTypeID=2
    1
  16142. For me, thirty years of various careers in business that had little to do with history followed by a YouTube channel.
    1
  16143. Then there were the PBS shows. The number of episodes is reported differently in different sources - and might partly have to do with counting them filming two a day from 55-59.
    1
  16144. Everything we post on YouTube publishes also to Rumble.
    1
  16145. Thank you!
    1
  16146. Eric Saucier do you mean so videos in French? Or on French History?
    1
  16147. Respectfully, this comment makes it seem like you didn't actually watch the video.
    1
  16148. Thank you!
    1
  16149. Great idea! I added one at the four minute mark.
    1
  16150. We post pretty much every other day- so two.
    1
  16151. Well, the idea that it did comes from a number of people who are very expert in the subject. I can't do more than quote the experts.
    1
  16152. I will likely have an episode- I have been slowly piecing together the whole line.
    1
  16153. It is purely used defensively.
    1
  16154. charlotte quillen that is not quite the story. Curtiss LeMay had successfully lobbied to change the name to SR-71. LBJ said it correctly. But the press were handed older transcripts, which did not reflect the change and still said RS-71. That is what caused the confusion.
    1
  16155. That is The Public Enemy in 1931. A rather different use of grapefruit.
    1
  16156.  @stuartriefe1740  please see if family wants them first. If they need a good home, I promise to take care of them to the best of my ability. The History Guy, P.O. Box 1473, O’Fallon IL, 62269.
    1
  16157. You make a fair point, others have mentioned it as well. I should have said one of the last.
    1
  16158. We have, and will likely do an episode at some point.
    1
  16159. In a manner, yes.
    1
  16160. I've never seen that term used to reference Byzantium/Constantinople/Istanbul, even as a modern colloquialism. I will let you know if I come across it.
    1
  16161. Thank you!
    1
  16162. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGg6-RjePgeLdrt7bu4nIG4e
    1
  16163. perfect strangers I can’t find any mention that Myles Lane was a boxing referee. He is mostly remembered as the last surviving member of the 1929 Bruins team that won the Stanley Cup.
    1
  16164. I think you are referring to the claim that Good and Plenty are the oldest branded candy. Necco Wafers were definitely invented before Good and Plenty, but they weren't always called Necco Wafers - that name doesn't appear until after 1900.
    1
  16165.  @laertesl4324  No need to apologize. And I certainly meant no disrespect to Spain.
    1
  16166. Thank you!
    1
  16167. Pfsif the Smithsonian expedition included a dozen hunters and took place over a period of ten months.
    1
  16168. Matthew Munn you are very welcome.
    1
  16169. Thank you!
    1
  16170. Thanks!
    1
  16171. Correct- my mistake.
    1
  16172. The sinking of the Lusitania occurred a year and a half before Black Tom.
    1
  16173. That is military tradition. All uniformed service members salute Medal of Honor recipients, regardless of rank
    1
  16174.  @williamromine5715  no Medal of Honor has been rescinded for later misconduct. Some have been rescinded upon review of the actions for which the medal was awarded, notably by the 1916 review under Nelson Miles.
    1
  16175. USS Texas had one as well. Finally he got too big and cranky, and removing him proved difficult. By the time they got him boxed up he had injured several sailors, then the bear tragically died of the stress.
    1
  16176. Many in Burma wished that, only to find that the Japanese were exceptionally cruel masters. In the End the INA won the battle for hearts and minds after the war.
    1
  16177. I have no idea what you think is "wrong." But the extinction of the passenger pigeon is a primary factor in changing the balance between white and red oak. Certainly white oak has out-survived the passenger pigeon.
    1
  16178. Gads no- my hair is actually rather unruly
    1
  16179. It has myriad applications in the space program and the ISS.
    1
  16180. Thank you!
    1
  16181. It is actually a map
    1
  16182. It takes about an hour to warm up, so its presence on set depends upon whether I remember to turn it on in time.
    1
  16183. Pygar2 lol yes, it is.
    1
  16184. Although we chose to focus on the even lesser known conflict on lake Nyasa, we did talk about lake Tanganyika is this episode: https://youtu.be/SIDo_KOxTU4
    1
  16185. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aOL330lir9I
    1
  16186. There are fairly well known for a channel on forgotten history, but i won't rule it out.
    1
  16187. Thank you!
    1
  16188. Those pictures were taken by flash photography. It was likely much more convincing in the dark...
    1
  16189.  @RicoZaid_  Mary Edwards Walker. She was a Doctor, not a nurse. She did not rescue men under fire, her award was for crossing through lines to aid civilians. Her award was rescinded later as she was a contract surgeon, not a serving member of the Army. The award was eventually reinstated.
    1
  16190. Thank you for your service!
    1
  16191. David Rudmin Regardless of Antony’s motives, his defeat is what allowed Octavian to consolidate power. Had Antony defeated Agrippa in the battle, history might be much different, even if the Republic did not endure. That is the reason that many historians call Actium the turning point. Academics used to have the capacity to have such discussions without requiring laughter at those who disagree.
    1
  16192. O’Fallon
    1
  16193. Incorrigible Panda a fact that I discussed in great depth in the episode. Even people who designed this warhead indicated there was a risk in this case. If not, all the safety requirements added in 1992 would have been unnecessary.
    1
  16194. Mercury is roughly twice as large as Pluto. According to :the Unoverse Today," "The diameter of Mercury is 4,879.4 km across, while Pluto's diameter is 2,360 km across."
    1
  16195. Tom Fitzpatrick well, does your internet use a rooter? ;)
    1
  16196. umvhu LOL I challenge you to learn the difference between British English and American English. In America roots are at the bottom of trees. ;) There is a good discussion of the use of diphthongs here: https://blog.oxforddictionaries.com/2015/06/22/9-pronunciation-arguments-you-can-stop-having/
    1
  16197. I am not sure what you mean, but I do all the animations individually in PowerDirector.
    1
  16198. Gallipoly was terrible.
    1
  16199. LOL those were a matter of some controversy.
    1
  16200. A Tale of Two Dakotas https://youtu.be/WVAllX6D5DM
    1
  16201. Both true statements.
    1
  16202. Firebrand55 regarding the oil, please read the pinned post and the link to the CAB report.
    1
  16203. Eric Taylor correct, there is a difference between a water landing and ditching.
    1
  16204. Oklahoma could not be salvaged.
    1
  16205. I would say that yes, the civil war was over slavery. While the south had many complaints, the election of Lincoln running on a platform of making all the new western states free states is what precipitated secession. Slavery- seen as both and economic and cultural imperative in the south- was the only issue that could drive secession.
    1
  16206.  @ScottFunk-us6ro  sometimes we have to work with what we have. History is still history even where we don’t have all the details.
    1
  16207. Spaz 360 well I live in Illinois, so that pronunciation is easy for me.
    1
  16208. LOL
    1
  16209. Javier Fauxnom I have never done an episode pantsless.
    1
  16210. No, we have not done an episode on the Battle of Athens yet.
    1
  16211. The history of the French Foreign Legion's wooden hand https://youtu.be/1rsWXF07Kuw
    1
  16212. Yes- the war actually caused manufacturing difficulties in the US because the blockade reduced access to the German made dyes. The story of the Deutschland is here: https://youtu.be/C9q3a3xXAsU
    1
  16213. Guy Souriandt YouTube can pretty much do what it pleases, they are not required to air my content. This isn’t an issue of contract. But it is in YouTube’s interest to deal fairly with content creators, without whom they have no product. I think it is fair that we push back, as this is our business as well. I don’t see any reason to think that they are demanding I revise history. If there is an agenda for what they flag on this channel, I can’t see what it is. Rather, it appears that the process is nearly random, and appeals depend upon whose desk it lands. That should not be. We creators should know where the lines are. As demonetizing costs YouTube as well, I would think that they would want that. But they seem unwilling to put resources into making clearer standards, or somehow prefer the ability to be capricious, although I don’t see the business sense. So far, this revision has not been flagged. The issue might actually have been a single image that was deleted. If so, it is disappointing, as a creator, that I have to find that myself in the dark rather than the internal team taking five minutes to give direction. Or maybe it will get hit again with the random stick of censorship.
    1
  16214. The thumbnail picture is just ice cubes...
    1
  16215. The allies never admitted to anything other than accidents.
    1
  16216. john tabler we might do an episode on the Culen hedgerow cutter, although the story has become somewhat embellished with time.
    1
  16217. He had three children and three grandchildren. The grandchildren all died without issue- the last one passed away in 1985.
    1
  16218. Thanks! i haven’t done an episode with a comprehensive history of the National Weather Service, although bits have been included in many episodes. “National Weatherperson’s Day” is not just about the government service, but communities of volunteers, scientists, and news meteorologists.
    1
  16219. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjOqKgHe1_b8pIq-bZewEfA
    1
  16220. Scott Jacobs he did, and, in fact, his daughter Anne succeeded William. I am sorry for the error. His Catholicism was seem as less a concern as both daughters were protestant and it seemed unlikely he would product another heir.
    1
  16221. They occur very frequently, but below 4.0 are usually not felt at all.
    1
  16222. Dick Tracy per usual, we intend no political statement.
    1
  16223. I reported the issue to YouTube. No response so far.
    1
  16224. As the title says, this is a podcast. We release videos regularly on Monday Wednesday and Friday, and post a podcast every other Tuesday.
    1
  16225. As an "independent investigator," he took contracts either for a flat fee or a percentage of goods confiscated. His work was, essentially freelance, so what he made depended upon whether he found work that month. He later said that he did not blame the departments, as they had little money themselves.
    1
  16226. I don't know the channel, but i would certainly be willing ti collaborate.
    1
  16227. Lol
    1
  16228. We can only use those images available in the Public Domain. Images are for illustration purposes.
    1
  16229. There were at least a couple of gun runners captured by the Revenue Cutters.
    1
  16230.  @samucob123  highway wildflowers
    1
  16231. https://youtu.be/XdRAy4C9bPw
    1
  16232. I am certainly not trying to encourage diamond scams. If anything, it serves as a warning.
    1
  16233. There were five total for the defense around Elsenborn ridge.
    1
  16234. Correct, October 22. Sorry for the misspeak.
    1
  16235. It is to the left of the thumbs down button.
    1
  16236. I move items and pictures on the set all the time
    1
  16237. So far as we know it is just a cold.
    1
  16238. There was a belief even among doctors that this strain of bacteria was unique to Asian people, which fed into already hostile beliefs. The outbreak in 1907/1908 disabused them of this notion.
    1
  16239. I loved the Mego action figures as a kid, and they are now being re-released.
    1
  16240. I touched on the movement in this episode: https://youtu.be/zqL8EolZMZU
    1
  16241. Choco Latte in fact, the Guppy was an Air Force modified 377.
    1
  16242. The sponsor provided five pairs as part of the sponsorship. More than I have gone through in thirty years.
    1
  16243. https://youtu.be/nyvXm4nmkGI
    1
  16244. Most of this unfolded before dinner time.
    1
  16245. There have already been some calls, and attacks on his statue in Forest Park.
    1
  16246. It is most commonly spelled saccharin, although both spellings are acceptable.
    1
  16247. Lonnie Holcomb you are incorrect. The locals pronounce it “Boys.”
    1
  16248. I am sorry- I don't have a way to control those, and I don't know why they put in ads as long as the video. The ads are how I get revenue, and I encourage people to give a fair listen, but understand people's frustrations with some of the ways they are presented.
    1
  16249. He was always limited on fuel. that is one reason why capturing supply depots in Algeria could have been so significant.
    1
  16250. Hannibal did not perform so well in this campaign.
    1
  16251. Right now four- although two cats that are no longer with us appear in some older episodes. Pocky, the tuxy and Strudel the caliby joined the family in June.
    1
  16252. Thank you!
    1
  16253. I hate them too. That is one reason that NordPass is so convenient.
    1
  16254. The, by your logic, people residing in about 2/3 of the state are pronouncing the name of the state wrong.
    1
  16255. In fact we did trade with the Central Powers when we could- evidenced by the visit of the submarine Deutschland.
    1
  16256. That is actually a thorny question and a matter of political dispute. It meets the definition of a lake- it is landlocked with no outflowing rivers. But is also larger than some acknowledged seas. Legally the distinction is important because of the different way that resources are allocated under international law. https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2018/08/16/is-the-caspian-a-sea-or-a-lake
    1
  16257. Semper Paratus is the United States Coast Guard motto- Always Ready.
    1
  16258. Daniel Stevens I couldn’t find a picture that was in the Public Domain.
    1
  16259. Greg Beckman Panzer Mark V was the Panther. The Tiger I was designated the Panzerkampfwagen VI.
    1
  16260. We’ll add it to the list. Thanks for the suggestion!
    1
  16261. I think that the history of currency is a different and interesting discussion, and there may be future episodes on the subject. I talk a fair amount about currency development in this episode: https://youtu.be/fNBmsupE-Lo
    1
  16262. Thank You!
    1
  16263. "Mormon crickets" are actually neither a grasshopper nor a cricket, but a species of katydid. They too have a swarming phase.
    1
  16264. LOL I could not list all the names of the pigeons who died.
    1
  16265. Why? Embrace the tie!
    1
  16266. They were not. After examination, all were found to be too unfit for foreign service due to their injuries, along with one of the officers. Six of the seven officers shipped out with the 500 from the first train, but the 58 men went home.
    1
  16267. The reactor was removed. But some 47,000 gallons of radioactive waste was not, on the assumption that it would remain buried in the ice.
    1
  16268. South Carolina law suggests that cultivating Currants and Gooseberries is allowed so long as it is not a Blister-Rust control area.
    1
  16269. He was a showman who played on the Cody name, despite being unrelated to Buffalo Bill.
    1
  16270. www.facebook.com/FiveMinutesofHistory
    1
  16271. Well I live like ten miles from Missouri...
    1
  16272. Thank you!
    1
  16273. Osama Anwar same thing happens to me
    1
  16274. Or if you watch to the end of the video...
    1
  16275. http://spellingbee.com/origin-term-spelling-bee
    1
  16276. Tolar is a very sad story- yes, it may well be an episode. Thanks!
    1
  16277. I suspect that you mean Hedy Lamarr. https://youtu.be/nbZnrseHihI
    1
  16278. Yes, the story goes that they were given silver stars rather than medal of honor because they acted without authorization.
    1
  16279. IT was a combination of factors. It was not just mass shooting, but, because young birds were preferred, they attacked them in their roosts, causing the birds to abandon their nests and preventing reproduction. Their habitat was disrupted. . And, it appears, they had so genetically adapted to living in huge masses that the species could not survive in small groups.
    1
  16280. Thank you!
    1
  16281. The US EPA uses different standards. The same car would likely get an EPA rating in the 50-60 MPG range.
    1
  16282. Abraham Lincoln has no living direct descendants. Robert Todd Lincoln had three children and three grandchildren, but the grandchildren all died without issue. The last direct descendent, Robert Todd Lincoln Beckwith, died in 1985.
    1
  16283. Those are Grumman TF-1 Traders. That photo is from 1964.
    1
  16284. Awesome, thank you!
    1
  16285. Links are in the description
    1
  16286. In terms of the Reno brothers, there is a single picture of Frank and John, and that is it. I wish that there was a great photographic record of historical events, but I can only work with what is available.
    1
  16287. Richard Smith a bloody bloody battle.
    1
  16288. LOL This episode was posted in April 2017. The Black corner WAS the original I used.
    1
  16289. They move around...
    1
  16290. Matthew Stefancin there are two. The WWII version is a reproduction.
    1
  16291. Matthew Stefancin I have- it is one of the videos exclusive for patrons on Patreon. Www.patreon.com/thehistoryguy
    1
  16292. Space Catboy I have not- I will have to check it out.
    1
  16293. The reason the allies decided not to build up Rabaul prior to the war was because they believed it to be too far north for them to provide sufficient naval support, not that the geography was not defensible. That is actually similar to Wake and the Philippines. The allies were not just limited in resources prior to the war, but also concerned with provoking the Japanese. We gave up a lot of ground in the early war that ended up being very costly to retake. But it is difficult to rethink history. I think that military and political planners were working within the constraints of the period.
    1
  16294. Standards for what qualifies as an equatorial circumnavigation flight are set by the Federation Aeronautique Internationale.
    1
  16295. LOL Awesome! dancing Yeltsin. What about Ross and Rachel?
    1
  16296. Don't cringe- that area of the rib, which is actually named for the curved bone, is no where near the loins and dosen't seem to derive from the etymology of "above the loins." It is in the area of the fore-rib or short rib, and wouldn't be what either a Briton or an American would call a sirloin.
    1
  16297. That is a fair question. The jurisdiction between the US Marshal, county sheriff’s, town marshals, and various detectives working for corporations, was always at question. Virgil was both a deputy US Marshal and Tombstone’s Town marshal/chief of police at the same time. Wyatt was a deputy county sheriff and also a Wells Fargo detective before being appointed a deputy US Marshal. The Earp brothers were frequently deputized, sometimes aa part of a posse, and other times as “special officers.” Johnny Behan was the Cochise county sheriff, and occasionally deputized members of the cowboys. During the vendetta ride Wyatt led a federal posse as a Deputy US Marshal, while being pursued by a posse under Behan. While there were courts, judges and justices were more often than not associated with one side or the other. It was rarely clear who represented “the law.”
    1
  16298. I know- makes me feel like such a slacker.
    1
  16299. Lol yeah- he likes to be held
    1
  16300. The CAP had that role too. I might do an episode on those balloon bombs.
    1
  16301. Ken Bellchambers the Civil Air Patrol- the Air Force auxiliary.
    1
  16302. We decided to cut from posting five a week to three a week- it is just a more sane schedule.
    1
  16303. Reportedly, however, the SR-72 is unmanned.
    1
  16304. That is a piece of chainsaw art in Keystone South Dakota. The sign is not advertising a Ripley's Believe It or Not attraction, but a piece of chainsaw art that was displayed at a Ripley's attraction in Florida. https://www.dahlschainsawart.com/
    1
  16305. Billie Tyree I have not yet, but very well may in the future.
    1
  16306. Some set changes in progress
    1
  16307. I do plan to do more on airships. Blimps have a different history than dirigibles.
    1
  16308. https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSnt4mJGJfGjsQhkGslJuB3pRlmo_ppLV
    1
  16309. I don’t know who can say, and it is a fair question. But she did seem happy with the union.
    1
  16310.  @42Laj  their relationship and marriage was clearly explained in the episode. I certainly did not speculate as to how she felt about anything, nor what she “wanted,” as she left almost no personal record. I also did not suggest that anyone “celebrate” her marriage nor her enslavement. The law regarding miscegenation is actually described in the episode, but you seem to miss that the marriage occurred under Spanish, not US, law. I don’t know what point you are trying to make. The question of whether she wanted to marry is not historically answerable, as no records of her feelings survived. Respectfully, you seem more interested in projecting motives onto her than I have ever been. History is history.
    1
  16311. here is, reportedly, a project in development, https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4703374/
    1
  16312. I have not yet, but likely will in the future.
    1
  16313. The play was referring to a different, but similar, scandal at the Wright Aeronautical Corporation in Ohio.
    1
  16314. It passed on May 20. Astronomers didn’t see it until it had passed, and it wasn’t reported until a month later.
    1
  16315. Sorry. My mistake.
    1
  16316. That was a made-for-Hollywood name- the Soviets called it "Hiroshima."
    1
  16317. Those are called "counterfactuals," and we historian do love arguing over them.
    1
  16318. Not yet. His adventure in Mexico was not as exciting as Nicaragua. I am sure we’ll do an episode sometime.
    1
  16319. There are so many WWII stories to tell. I always loved the film with William Holden.
    1
  16320. Fed Ex also uses your zip code.
    1
  16321. Madronaxyz influenza was not at all new. It is difficult to determine the exact nature of ancient outbreaks, but there is good likelihood that influenza pandemics were occurring as far back as 6000 BC. Pandemics occur because the virus mutates- the more major the mutation, the less prior immunity affects it.
    1
  16322. LOL
    1
  16323. https://youtu.be/h8ZGXnQAU7Q
    1
  16324. It is possible that a bugle boy's name would not have been noted. But the claim that RTL was the last surviving witness to the surrender refers to the people in the McLean house where the papers were signed, which would have been far fewer than the troops at the surrender ceremony.
    1
  16325. It is expensive to operate in such a remote location. The plan is to use it as a wildlife refuge.
    1
  16326. Sorry- that couldn’t have been me.
    1
  16327. It is. He completed aerial gunnery training and did a film to recruit aerial gunners. He also flew five combat missions.
    1
  16328. TomARRRRRRRRRRto.
    1
  16329. The Pacific Clipper arrived at 6 am, and the airport didn't open until 7.
    1
  16330. Was that the 1961 Yuba City crash? https://youtu.be/yIrSBmG46n8
    1
  16331. Interesting story!
    1
  16332. No one uses the term "Bank burglary."
    1
  16333. Pookie
    1
  16334. Many of his papers are held by the Special Collection & Archives of the Nimitz Library at the United States Naval Academy.  The Indiana Military Museum in Vincennes Indiana lists Admiral Fluckey as among those officers included in their clothing collection. The Submarine Force Library and Museum In Groton CT lists him in a display regarding submariner Medal of Honor recipients, but I could not find a list of Flucky artifacts in their collection.
    1
  16335. https://youtu.be/sbVG_6yKLM8?si=aQ-UrZvMyoImsATi
    1
  16336. Like, literally every pronunciation guide disagrees. https://www.howtopronounce.com/german/von-spee
    1
  16337. Reportedly there is a project in the works: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4703374/
    1
  16338. There are multiple suggestions for the etymology of the phrase. We know that Joseph McCoy used it, but it seems to predate him. However, the well known and repeated story that it refers to Elijah McCoy and his locomotive oiler is likely a false etymology. There is no evidence of the contemporary use of the phrase to refer to the device, and, contrary to the legend, there was no common competitor for it. The first use of the term "the real McCoy" to refer to Elijah McCoy does not appear to have occurred until a 1960s magazine advertisement.
    1
  16339. Oh the lost days! https://studio.youtube.com/video/mk4n7XWsY_4/edit?utm_campaign=upgrade&utm_medium=redirect&utm_source=%2Fmy_videos
    1
  16340. If you are referring to the Second Naval Battle of Guadalcanal, I believe you mean USS Washington, (BB56) USS North Carolina was not present.
    1
  16341. Cody Hysmith you are incorrect. Irwin’s award for actions in February, 1861, is the earliest award for the Medal of Honor by date of action. http://www.cmohs.org/medal-faq.php
    1
  16342. This episode talks about Rommel's follow up of Kasserine: https://youtu.be/KvH1cElGu0M
    1
  16343. Yes, Boston celebrates a different Evacuation Day.
    1
  16344. Evelyn Nielsen Wood, the educator who developed a speed reading process, was a different person entirely.
    1
  16345. Actually, likely a three volley salute. A family to be proud of.
    1
  16346. Good question, I honestly don't know.
    1
  16347. That is the Marine Corps Hymn.
    1
  16348. The towers were not a secret- the Russians knew where they were and what they were for.
    1
  16349. LOL some day, I promise.
    1
  16350.  @quillmaurer6563  we have those...https://teespring.com/THGPirates?tsmac=store&tsmic=the-history-guy&pid=46&cid=2745
    1
  16351. Those are, of course, reenactors. I honestly don't know the background of the photos- I suspect they had something to do with a local pageant.
    1
  16352. We get topics a number of different ways, often from suggestions by viewers. We also have three people who write episodes, so it isn"t just me. And yes, the diversity of topics makes for a constant learning experience.
    1
  16353. Their treasure was never found...
    1
  16354. Not all of my episodes end in disaster. But history does include quite a lot of tragedy.
    1
  16355. Nic There are many possibilities, and the term has been used in multiple places. It possibly originated in Scotland and started as “the real McKay.” As amazing as Elijah McCoy was, that is one of the least likely stories for the etymology of the phrase. It’s first known mention was in a advertisement in the 1960s.
    1
  16356. I might- but boy I have learned they notice if you don't pronounce Canberra correctly.
    1
  16357. LOl I don't know if there is any particular respect for the French in Massachusetts.
    1
  16358. They did at first, yes. They thought the crew was coming out to attack, as would normally be the case. They ceased when they figured out the crew was surrendering.
    1
  16359. They pretty much all drive to the YouTube channel.
    1
  16360. We will research it.
    1
  16361. There are no photos of the actual gauge change. The photos are public domain pictures of old trains and are for illustration only.
    1
  16362.  @charlesshirk8699  lol- a classic.
    1
  16363. Happy New Year!
    1
  16364. Yeah that was YouTube, not me.
    1
  16365.  @gives_bad_advice  I certainly have concerns about Wikipedia. That is based on the reliability of user generated editing. Many universities will not accept Wikipedia as a source. From experience I would check any Wikipedia reference against the original source. But my issue is not with Wikipedia per se. YouTube, in trying to explain why this video needed “context” added, indicated that the moon-landing is a topic “prone to misinformation.” If, for example, you believe that the moon landing was somehow faked, you are ignoring data far more authoritative than Wikipedia. I really don’t know who it is who has been subject to misinformation about the moon landing that would trust Wikipedia to set them straight.
    1
  16366.  @garyshan7239  hardly.,None of those were nearly plentiful enough to affect longhorn populations.
    1
  16367. Eyjafjallajökull
    1
  16368. Thank you!
    1
  16369. That is a fair point. But, of course, there is no "surface" to stand on on a gas giant, and the distance from the sun is much farther. There is no known example where the relative size of the sun and a moon as perceived from the planet is so evenly matched. So the total solar eclipse possible on other planets would be more like blotting out the sun, not the version we have here where the sun's corona is visible. That is to say, our total solar eclipse is still unique.
    1
  16370. Good eyes! But he is actually a tabby.
    1
  16371. Thank you for your service!
    1
  16372. All our videos are posted on Rumble
    1
  16373. Joe Carpenter lol I don’t have any glamor shots. :)
    1
  16374. That does seem to be most people's experience with cranberries.
    1
  16375. There are several pictures of Kempton Bunton online, but they are press photos, and so not in the Public Domain.
    1
  16376. It was the manufacturing process, and it was not identified as an issue until they started finding failures later.
    1
  16377. He was not incarcerated at the time- he was staying at home. Apparently anyone could juts walk into the courthouse with a pistol.
    1
  16378. Thanks for the suggestions.
    1
  16379. LOL
    1
  16380. https://youtu.be/uJ_KecK0mwQ
    1
  16381. Steve Crabill George is on my list of topics. He did some training films later. It is a very interesting story.
    1
  16382. The plane has seen a long and extensive service- there are a number of accidents, many quite serious, that deserve to be remembered.
    1
  16383. Diggs Channing Tatum hops on the sub.
    1
  16384. The “Minnie Guppies” were somewhat different in that they used parts from the B377, but were built from the ground up as opposed to modifying an existing aircraft. Only two were produced- the second was destroyed in a crash in 1970.
    1
  16385. I use the primary sources, and took not a word from Wikipedia. I happily use Public Domain images.
    1
  16386. Correct. My mistake.
    1
  16387. LOL yes, armed with a broadsword and a longbow. He is on my list.
    1
  16388. Yes, the video is Arthur Godfrey
    1
  16389. They do include ejection seats. I believe the official term is just "egress system." It is described in some detail here: http://www.ejectionsite.com/b-52.htm
    1
  16390. Yes, I think that Ericsson knew the Peacemaker was unsafe. I think that Stockton had largely shut him out by then, so i don't know that he could have done anything about it if he tried.
    1
  16391. That is a fair point. Olives do turn dark as they ripen, and you can purchase table olives that are fully ripened. But most black olives sold in cans are, as you describe, blackened via a curing process using oxidization. Such olives are called “oxidized black olives.”
    1
  16392. As is they both spend significant time in "reduced status."
    1
  16393. Cotton Mather gave him the name after the Onesimus in the book of Philemon. We do not know his African name.
    1
  16394. It is a German 8.8.
    1
  16395. Certainly more US Army soldiers died in many Civil War battles. But no major battle of the war involved anything remotely close to a 97% casualty rate.
    1
  16396. I’ve actually spent some surprisingly cold rainy days in Phoenix
    1
  16397. Section 50-13-1190
    1
  16398. Billy Sargent yes -it was stunning. They did membership drives in protestant churches. But the drop off was fast
    1
  16399. Eric Taylor LOL
    1
  16400. Eric Taylor although, “Beefeater” is just a nickname. Technically, they are The Yeomen Warders of Her Majesty’s Royal Palace and Fortress the Tower of London, and Members of the Sovereign’s Bodyguard and the Yeoman Guard Extraordinary.
    1
  16401. The Tambora eruption was more explosive.
    1
  16402. I would be happy to share his story in a similar way if you wish. Feel free to email me at thehistoryguyyt@gmail. In any case, it is awesome to have that kind of record of family history.
    1
  16403. Maybe 6 in 10 are doing bacon wrong...
    1
  16404. I don’t feel abused, no. It is actually awesome when your channel gets large enough to attract sponsors. Certainly it wasn’t forced upon me by YouTube. We do limit the amount of sponsors per month.
    1
  16405. I don’t feel abused, no. It is actually awesome when your channel gets large enough to attract sponsors. Certainly it wasn’t forced upon me by YouTube. We do limit the amount of sponsors per month.
    1
  16406. RetMSgt in Pa. the footage of the AA guns firing is in the battle of Attu.
    1
  16407. I don't pick the ads- that is done by google ads.
    1
  16408. Thank you!
    1
  16409.  @robertkoons1154  agreed- even that close it would have been impossible to see what caused the explosion, and the suggestion that a bomb went down the stack probably was an assumption based on how quickly Arizona exploded. Still, I was not speculating on cause, I was quoting a witness.
    1
  16410. Multiple varieties of Willow contain salicylic acid in their bark.
    1
  16411. In fact, you will find few references which make that claim. It is not included in Everts or Langford's accounts of the event, and I could not find a single contemporary newspaper making the claim. Several colorful stories about Jack Baronett in the 1880s did not include the claim. I left the claim out because I could not find any details to support it.
    1
  16412. I have not been able to find an interview where Coonts discusses the incident.
    1
  16413. Gary Cooper killing for sport or for mercy I suppose.
    1
  16414. That is a very good question. I could not find any record of unusual deaths among the firefighters. I don't know how they were monitored, but there was enough discussion of the site that I would think it would have come up if they were dying of radiation exposure. But, of course, Palomares shows that the USAF doesn't always let the public in on such knowledge.
    1
  16415. I collect peaked caps more than helmets.
    1
  16416. I can’t answer for you- I am not an appraiser. The 24th is famous, and a bugle would be rare. I would personally be cautious of the claim. But I haven’t seen the item or research. Certainly look for the broad arrow clearly stamped.
    1
  16417. One of my earliest episodes: https://youtu.be/5DLKI4VltuE
    1
  16418. In 1955. The copyright wasn't renewed, and the movie is now in the Public Domain. There are a few clips from the film around 6:15.
    1
  16419. steve w only partially. The strategic goal was to draw the RAF into a decisive battle
    1
  16420. Absolutely.
    1
  16421. It was in the episode ;)
    1
  16422. Is it not- the film came before the accident. Good movie though.
    1
  16423. ibnjmn yup. That was Lucky. She knows that she is not supposed to talk while I am filming, but sometimes she forgets.
    1
  16424. Thank you!
    1
  16425. Nickle is added to some grades of Stainless steel, mostly to facilitate welding. It is not a component of all Stainless Steel alloys.
    1
  16426. Possibly...
    1
  16427. xxNoMovingPartsxx calibur means something different with naval guns.
    1
  16428. Your endocrinologist wears a bow tie? Awesome!
    1
  16429. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-X06OLInq60
    1
  16430. tellthemborissentyou I take issue with some of your points, but it is a fair criticism. Little of that was obvious when they were ordered in 1939 and 1940.
    1
  16431. Absolutely it still exists. President Biden requires corrective lenses all the time, but wears contacts. It would be exceptionally rare for a person with contacts to never wear eyeglasses, yet he has not been reported to have been seen publicly with frames since 2013, when an eye injury prevented him from wearing his contact lenses. It is rather obvious that the current executive is trying to appear more youthful by hiding the fact that he requires eye correction. The same can be said of President Trump, who clearly had corrective eyeglasses, but was rarely seen with them, and criticized when he was. I am also finding it increasingly incredible that former presidents Bush (age 76) and Obama (age 61) do not need corrective lenses, yet neither are seen wearing them publicly. Clearly the US Chief Executive is still afraid of the image of wearing eyeglasses.
    1
  16432. That is why I made the video...
    1
  16433. I don’t think that anything modern really resembles the graft of the Gilded Age.
    1
  16434. Great story! Thanks!
    1
  16435. Certainly it is the highest. It has the highest point of any summit above mean sea level. Some claim that it is not the "tallest" measured from its base. But that is not the way we commonly measure mountains. They are most commonly measured by elevation.
    1
  16436.  @au7-721  Southerners most commonly used the term civil war. In the north the war was often referred to as rebellion. It is simply not true that contemporary southerners found some offense in the term civil war.
    1
  16437.  @dougearnest7590  I have to say “The War of Northern Aggression” is rather more partisan than I prefer in this channel. And, despite whatever name you choose, it would still be a civil war. This is a rather academic discussion that concludes that the review of literature supports the idea that the term encompasses secession; “The challengers may seek to replace the incumbents in control of the monopoly of force within the extant territory of the state, or they may seek the secession of part of the original territory. “ https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/21428/wbro_28_2_159.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
    1
  16438. https://youtu.be/PKklyvxw8QU
    1
  16439. I don't know!
    1
  16440. Not at all, i reference the society and then state the quotation.
    1
  16441. I got that story from a history of the 11th Airborne Division and purports to be drawn from official records, the relevant part is on page 98 : https://archive.org/details/TheAngels11thAirborneDiv/page/n111
    1
  16442. A great movie! We have done a lot on the Coast Guard, but not the story of the rescue of SS Pendleton yet.
    1
  16443. I believe that you are projecting current events onto my history channel.
    1
  16444. Mellissa Dalby it was all fun and games until the longbows came out
    1
  16445. I know! What a tragedy it could have been.
    1
  16446. Raus was quite clear that it was a KV-1
    1
  16447. Two trips still have spots left: https://trovatrip.com/trip/europe/england/united-kingdom-with-lance--geiger-jun-2024?earlyBird=true https://trovatrip.com/trip/europe/germany/germany-with-lance--geiger-jun-2024
    1
  16448. I don't know that it was ever mounted with a gun. The Air Force lists some successful missile separation tests. I don't know that a cannon was ever considered. It would not have been a dogfighter, but a bomber interceptor.
    1
  16449. It is a delightful 1938 film called the Rage of Paris, co-starring Danielle Darrieux. I used the clips because the film is now in the Public Domain. You can watch it here: https://archive.org/details/RageofParis
    1
  16450. Sure seems that way…
    1
  16451. 1) The suction pulled his pants off. 2) Presumably he dog paddled.
    1
  16452. Except for the chickens.
    1
  16453. There is supposedly a film in development. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4703374/
    1
  16454. The plot is surprisingly similar, but the movie predates the accident.
    1
  16455. The difficulty is in media in the Public Domain. We have been able to do so much with the Indy 500 because we have enjoyed the support of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway museum.
    1
  16456. Castle Itter- we've not done an episode yet, but plan to.
    1
  16457. Britain decided they hadn't broken any laws of war and let them go. Many, including Captain Waddell returned to the US eventually after attitudes towards confederate veterans had softened.
    1
  16458. I deliberately gave Thule a short shrift because I plan to do an episode focusing on that accident.
    1
  16459. Thank you!
    1
  16460. All of that is discussed in the video. I do, however, disagree with the assumption that chilis became more important on the east than spices like Black Pepper, Cinnamon, Nutmeg etc. did in the West. A whole lot of history was driven by those spices. The global spice market is still much larger than the global chili pepper market.
    1
  16461. Chris Duehring that has been a matter of a lot of discussion. I had always pronounced it Ter-a-wa, but the current pronunciation guides use ter- awa. Both, it would seem are used and acceptable.
    1
  16462. What’s wrong with my waistcoat?
    1
  16463. She was, in fact, the voice of Ethel Grimwood: https://youtu.be/_U5HB0OB2lw
    1
  16464. Themostest Badass the AGM-69 was fifteen foot, ten inches.
    1
  16465. Thank you!
    1
  16466. Yes, there is disagreement by historians over the consequences of the battle.
    1
  16467.  @TonysMusic1974  I would dearly love to have been able to use photos from the actual game.
    1
  16468. https://teespring.com/THGPirates ;)
    1
  16469. I am working on it.
    1
  16470. Thank you!
    1
  16471. After 1962 it was designated CH-21
    1
  16472. Thank you!
    1
  16473. Truth stranger than fiction.
    1
  16474. Agreed. Test pilots are hardy folk.
    1
  16475. No- she did not win the suit. She eventually received a settlement that was substantial, but still only a small fraction of her aunt’s estate.
    1
  16476. tuffgirl922 more on the attack on Ford Island in this episode: https://youtu.be/CN2J_eBP8OQ
    1
  16477. Google ads picks the ads. My understanding is that we get paid if you make it past thirty seconds.
    1
  16478. Reportedly he had trouble identifying his daughters until they spoke.
    1
  16479. 2LV2 I do plan more- especially the Jameson Raid and the First Anglo Boer war. Perhaps also the Matabele war and something from the 1879 Zulu War. Colonialism is always controversial, but South Africa has such a rich history. I talk through the first phase of the Second Anglo Boer War here: https://youtu.be/pkR3DqnXhIk
    1