Comments by "" (@wayneh1562) on "Timeline - World History Documentaries" channel.

  1. also when rome became an empire they had strong trade relations with southern india quote” In the last centuries BCE the coast became important to the Greeks and Romans for its spices, especially black pepper. The Cheras had trading links with China, West Asia, Egypt, Greece, and the Roman Empire. In foreign-trade circles the region was known as Male or Malabar.[22] Muziris, Berkarai, and Nelcynda were among the principal ports at that time.[23] The value of Rome's annual trade with the region was estimated at around 50,000,000 sesterces;[24] contemporary Sangam literature describes Roman ships coming to Muziris in Kerala, laden with gold to exchange for pepper. One of the earliest western traders to use the monsoon winds to reach Kerala was Eudoxus of Cyzicus, around 118 or 166 BCE, under the patronage of Ptolemy VIII, king of the Hellenistic Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt. Roman establishments in the port cities of the region, such as a temple of Augustus and barracks for garrisoned Roman soldiers, are marked in the Tabula Peutingeriana; the only surviving map of the Roman cursus publicus. Merchants from West Asia and Southern Europe established coastal posts and settlements in Kerala” https://archaeologynewsnetwork.blogspot.com/2010/04/south-indians-in-roman-egypt.html?fbclid=IwAR2w30KA2ySlX75CPKd15zgrs49WSTrxRT-nRksWXbQ4bLkBwU2fYiOzb4s#qjqOtEgFJIb0TJej.97 https://www.revolvy.com/page/Indo%252DRoman-trade-relations https://www.thebetterindia.com/15551/indians-trade-site-with-ancient-romans-arikamedu-travel-pondicherry/?fbclid=IwAR1BbmhBSnkB-sTn2R75Ws5oU77cEeNyHwOSS65xuP47ijw1STu1CYWKP9c https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/pandian-dynasty-roman-greek-connections-pmp-pmi-acp-itilv3?fbclid=IwAR2a3OgO2xjIou8pvecFicZzXi_LEKV4QPGgFgLTAnPI2SQTisyBsQm9520
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  2. quote” The word 'Dravidian' comes from the Tamil words Tbirai Ahvidar, meaning 'sea people'. A popular Tamil saying was 'cross the oceans and acquire gold' Quote” The Mediterranean Peoples (Dravidians) (Extracts from ‘The Original Indians â€" An Enquiry’ by Dr. A. Desai) How the Mediterranean people came to be called Dravidians makes interesting story. The Pre-Hellenistic Lycians of Asia Minor, who where probably the Mediterranean stock called themselves Trimmili. Another tribe of this branch in the island of Crete was known by the name Dr(a)mil or Dr(a)miz. In ancient Sanskrit writings we find the terms Dramili and Dravidi, and then Dravida which referred to the southern portion of India. South India was known to the ancient Greek and Roman geographers as Damirica or Limurike. Periplus Maris Erithroei (Periplus of the Eritrean Sea) in the second or third century AD described the maritime route followed by Greek ships sailing to the South Indian ports: “Then follow Naoura and Tundis, the first marts of Limurike and after these Mouziris and Nelkunda, the seats of government.†Dramila, Dravida and Damirica indicated the territory. Then it was applied to the people living in the territory and the language they spoke, in the local parlance Tamil and Tamil Nadu or Tamilakam. ----------------------- The Mediterraneans or Dravidians were associated with the ancient Sumerian civilizations of Mesopotamia and of Elam (southern Iran). Authors have pointed out ethnic, linguistic and cultural affinities between the Sumerians (Mesopotamians) and the Dravidians of South India, and concluded that both probably belonged to the same ethnic stock. HR Hall writes: “The ethnic type of the Sumerians, so strongly marked in their statues and relofs was as different from those of the races which surrounded them as was their language from those of the Semites, Aryans and others; they were decidedly Indian in type. The face-type of the average Indian today is no doubt much the same as that of the Dravidian race ancestors thousands of years ago...And it is to this Dravidian ethnic type of India that the ancient Sumerian bears most resemblance, so far as we can judge from his monuments. He was very like a Southern Hindu of the Deccan (who still speaks Dravidian languages). And it is by no means improbable that the Sumerians were an Indian tribe which passed, certainly by land, perhaps also by sea, through Persia to the valley of the Two Rivers.†Hall is of the opinion that Dravidian people must have migrated to Mesopotamia from India, whereas others think Dravidians came from Mediterranean regions, which was their earlier home. KP Padmanabha Menon writes about their close relationship: “Orientalists, many of them, are prepared to concede that the Sumerians, the Mediterranean race, are branches of the early Dravidians.†Quote"Dravidians In Crete they were known by the name which the Greeks wrote as Termilai, in Asia Minor as 'Trimmili' or Trimalai (Sastri p60), and in India as Dramiza, Dravida, Dramila and finally Tamil. Their deity was "Mother-Earth" who gave them grain, vegetables and food. The 'Mother Goddess' cult belonged exclusively to Crete where it was known as Durgha (compare Trqqas mentioned in Lycian inscriptions in Asia Minor) as Uma or Parvati. (Sastri p61) They probably brought along with them to India this Mediterranean or Aegean Saivaism, Mother Goddess with her consort Siva.Dr K Loganathan http://noolaham.net/project/45/4423/4423.pdf?fbclid=IwAR1iZ0tkCY1WM-Z4V83vvcfm3d_pCGB9E98B8VEXeMJ1QeAd_ju1VEfmMIk
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