Comments by "James Neave" (@JamesNeave1978) on "Asianometry" channel.

  1. Things to watch: Brian Troutwine's The Charming genius of the Apollo Guidance Computer (one of my favourites, great info about how the AGC emulated a better computer, the better computer that was required to make it to the moon in fact) Moon Machines, the Apollo guidance computer episode specifically but watch ask of them, they're all up on YouTube CuriousMarc's 24 part series on refurbishing and running a real vintage AGC. The video "light years ahead"
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  2.  @神神-p9p  As awful as colonialism always is, it's important to put it in context. A 100 years ago every nation on Earth was a lot more socially primitive than they are now. Not so nations have 'grown up' as quickly though. Hence Russia and China. Racism is another marker. Whereas it's being actively addressed here in the EU and other Western nations, it still has its teeth firmly bared in 2nd and 3rd world nations. Which is sad, maybe in another 100 years they will look back on us and wonder at how we could be so socially primitive too.
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  3. ​ @magfal  Yeah, evidence that they're corner cutting, not good sign
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  4. Funny thing is, here in Portsmouth, England, we have loads of bubble tea places now! So it makes its way all the way settings the world, from England to Taiwan, to America and back to England. One place, run by a Chinese girl who's lovely, is obsessed with perfecting Japanese ramen and Taiwanese bubble tea. She even had a Michelin starred sushi chef reside for a while to serve and teach in the kitchen. And she spent months in Japan researching at different ramen houses trying to learn how to duplicate their je ne sais quoi. Turns out you can't, as it's all down to the stock which is all down to: 1) The local pig population, which depends on 2) The local pig diet, which depends on 3) The local feed stock, which depends on 4) The local soil and 5) The local farming practises and 6) The local chemical usage and everything depends on 7) The local water quality So it's impossible to replicate and far too expensive to import, say, stock concentrates to sell in a poor city like Portsmouth. So the only replication she can do is just do exactly as they do, make the best stock she can with the best ingredients to hand. Which is, of course, exactly what the Japanese do. So in a way she succeeded. It's called Tokyo Corner Kyoto Ramen (seems they refurbished and rebranded after COVID) in Portsmouth, England and I highly recommend it.
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  5. "Don't Be Stupid" You should take some of your own advice, mate, maybe try reading something other than garbage on Facebook. I mean, apart from the fact that: 1) Everybody watched them go to the moon 2) We have photos of them on the moon 3) You can see everything they left on the moon is still there What exactly do you think shows us we didn't go to the moon?
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  6. I'll never understand how they managed to get everything so wrong Like, obvious stuff. Step 1: Food and shelter. You have Ukraine, make more food than people can eat. You got precious metals, exchange them with the West for a tractor factory. People will go to work to make steel and tractors and bricks and mortar if it means a roof over their head and a full belly. They won't revolt either. Share the food and shelter equally and people will make the soap and the medicine. We had ration cards in the UK, how is a state ration card in any way difficult??
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  7. 1:09 But HBM has been around for years, GPUs in 2016 had it
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  8. I remember when Gales Ales in horndean was bought out in the 2000s with the usual lies of continuing to maintain the ancient brewery in horndean. It was, of course, closed, sold and the label moved to London a year later. The building is posh flats now.
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  9. There was a software failure causes by a systemic design error on Apollo 11's AGC. However, the AGC's 'OS', the scheduler and the everyone resident applications of my memory serves correct, was designed from scratch to keep the mission alive in the event of software failure. As it happened, the executive dumped all precesses, reloaded the 'keep then alive' processes and restored their memory set (last known good location, pitch, roll, climb and velocities) Go watch Brian Troutwine's presentation on the AGC and learn the story of the 1202 alarm.
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  10. I love your lithography videos. I've been patiently waiting for this "runners up" video
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  11. I wonder if the next (waaaay next) gen tech will be a form of additive construction rather than subtractive lithography. Like how we're starting to print metal rather than machine a billet.
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  12. All the play in the bearings, all the squish in rubber belts, all the harmonics in metal gears, the play in-between the great teeth, everything is considerably less solid at these scales and speeds.
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  13. We already hit the wall with DUV.
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  14. Silicon shrank the hearing aid small Silicon shrank the hearing aid small In my ear and on the floor It's lost, too small, we've gone to faaaar. (Ooohaaaaaaaah, hearing aid smaaaaaaal)
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  15. Unless you're working in the Dram business, which is pronounced Dram rhymes with Cram. Except you roll the R because you're Scottish.
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  16. Now that sounds like a fun job
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  17. Boeing: surprised Pikachu face 😮
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  18.  @leyasep5919  What I Want To Do: My hobby target is one of two things. 1) A hobby games console, 2D, advanced stereo synth and sampled sound, ROM based cartridge games, basic SD and HD (up to 1920 x 1080 x 32bit RGBA colour) 2) Variable byte length microprocessor. Rather than one instruction cycle performing one piece of 8-bit maths in parallel (8 XOR bits) it performs one piece of bit maths per instruction cycle. So, 8 bits require 8 cycles. 5 bits requires 5 cycles. But, because they are so small, the clock speed is much higher. So it's my take on a 1-bit computer. I realise that probably makes no sense.
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  19.  @markus4925  Do you raise and lower the crystal or do you raise and lower the pool? The void inside the chamber, is it a vacuum or some combination of inert gases?
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  20. Indeed, very little code is required to do this, the trick is abstracting away all the messy real world stuff so you can implement some logic. Take a transistor, it's output. We're taught that it's binary, on or off, 1 or 0. But this is a fib, when you energise the output by manipulating the gate, down at the nano second scale it actually bounces on off on off on off and slowly stabilizes at the desired value. But when do you measure it? How long must you wait? We actually take a sum of output over time for a sliding window and present the average as the output. Once it hits a threshold, that's when we decide it's on or off. Now imagine all the motion and electronics "noise" you have to abstract away. When those motors stop, they don't stop, they wobble and bounce all over the place at the nano second and nano meter scale. That's the hard part. Not a lot of code needed but you need to measure and analyse very very quickly and accurately.
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  21.  @tomschmidt381  Ah, well there's a thing, isn't it? If you wrote your software to cope with failure, did it actually fail? There's an RTOS rabbit hole there and it will swallow you whole! Ultimately the fault was shown to be systemic, an AC line was run too near to the return cable from the rendezvous radar. So even when it was switched off the AGC received 100s of responses a minute and was incapable of ignoring them. They filled up the executive and bang, 1202, no slots.
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  22. ​ @reginajanelilianapatterson5838  Apparently if you're not "of the blood" you can't understand anything that is easy of turkey. 🙄
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  23. 5:52 And they has to waste cycles converting all their metric systems, because imperial measurements did NOT get you to the moon, to what the astronauts could understand.
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  24. Here in Hampshire, Gales Ales was bought and closed by Fullers. And now Fullers has been bought by Asahi.
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  25. 6:17 Something very similar is happening with supermarkets. Securing locations, to the point of buying land just so your competitors can't.
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  26. Hey Asianometry, do Bananas. Gros Michel, Cavendish, Panama, etc.
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  27. No chance, DUV N7 is financially unviable. Eventually EUV N7 will trickle down when it becomes affordable, as the capacity gets installed.
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  28. It's turf I'm trying my hand in at home, I've been a software engineer for 20 years. I'm starting with FPGAs and VHDL, where should I go next once I've learnt that?
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  29. Also, somebody needs to start a global business that allows you to queue up your prototype asic on a shared wafer. Who's up for that?
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  30. 10:47 i think that image more accurately represents the Ediacaran period rather than the Cambrian. Or pre-Cambrian if you want to call it that
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  31.  @Petriefied0246  ONE correct answer in a sea of nonsense. Well done sir 🎩
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  32. We were all taught vi and emacs at university. Once we were no longer required to use it, not a single person continued to use it. Zero. I can only assume it's a 'all they had' situation.
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  33. Clicks reply "I'm not sure weather prediction has much to do with lithography"
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  34. When I was a kid, and this was in the 80s, I remember the gales dray delivering beer to the Rising Sun pub in clanfield. All because some business boys decided so. Bastards.
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  35. 10:47 Anisotropic, pronounced the same as isotropic, but with "Ah-n" at the start. Ah-nice-o-tro-pic or Ah-knee-so-tro-pic (/ˌænaɪˈsɒtrəpi, ˌænɪ-/) 😊
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  36.  @kenjohnson6101  You've missed the point. They have to deal with the same problem regardless of what the hardware actually is.
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  37.  @SianaGearz  Specifically it was the MOSFET transistor that enabled VLSI silicon based MOSFET ICs that enabled it, consigning CRM to history
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  38. That is a "princess and the pea" defect!
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  39. Thames, Celtic, originally Tamesis. Britain is Murder Invasion Survivors Island, you can plot the invasions by where the pronunciations change. Best Murderers Survive.
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  40. Wait, so we have: VLSI the concept VLSI the product group VLSI the Japanese government project VLSI the DARPA project VLSI the American chip company And VLS1, the Brazilian space launch the vehicle. That's one hell of a flexible acronym!
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  41. I wonder if you could have a standardised immediate PDK. Something for which you could automate the process of going from the intermediate to a vendor specific PDK. So, a standardised intermediate 14nm PDK. And then companies with the NDA write automation to go from i14 to Samsung 14nm or TSMC 14nm. Like how JIT compiled languages like Java and C# work.
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  42. ​ @andersjjensen  I'm wondering if you could have a standardized open source intermediate PDK. So a 14nm one, in a machine readable format, and maybe they could automate going from the intermediate to the vendor specific one. Like Samsung 14nm. Like JIT compiled languages like Java and C#?
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  43. ​ @DaoistYeashikAli  Jaguar was the core, bobcat was the die.
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  44. 😯👏😚🤌
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  45. Is there market demand there for more N5? If there is, it's a good thing to could this. Hell, it's a good thing to diversify away from Everything Comes From Taiwan for fabs, it's scary having everything there.
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  46. So why does one single nand on those AGC ICs have 4 word instead of three? A NAND is 2 in and one out, not 3 in and one out!
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  47. ​ @stephendoherty8291  Thorp didn't only produce MOX, it produced mox and uranium to be sold and manufactured into new fuel pellets.
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  48. And apart from the leak 20 years ago I'm not sure there were "constant leaks" or it was "beyond our engineering" It operated successfully for 30 odd years and had one accident which was contained as designed. It just wasn't profitable once uranium sources became plentiful.
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  49. I took a generic algorithms and neural networks module at university. In the exam we would train and solve simple neutral networks on paper with a calculator. Good fun, this was in 2000.
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  50. At least Hall & Woodhouse are still themselves.
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  51. What a crying shame this was 😢 But FYI, here's the current numbers for "Factory Worker" between Poland and the UK: Poland: £5/hr UK: £11/hr Poland has a fast growing economy, it'll still take a while but eventually salary rates will normalise.
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  52. The whole "young people don't know about tapes and CDs" is weird AF. Like, I was born at the tail of the 70s. And I know about wax cylinders and shellac 45s. So either young people are dumb as posts or it's all complete bullshit. I really hope it's bullshit or it ain't looking good for the species. It's probably bullshit.
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  53. growls in the corner with his tea tea ☕🧐👎
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  54. Funny thing is, here in Portsmouth, England, we have loads of bubble tea places. One place, run by a Chinese girl who's lovely, is obsessed with perfecting Japanese ramen and Taiwanese bubble tea. She even had a Michelin starred sushi chef reside for a while to serve and teach in the kitchen. And she spent months in Japan researching at different ramen houses trying to learn how to duplicate their je ne sais quoi. Turns out you can't, as it's all down to the stock which is all down to: 1) The local pig population, which depends on 2) The local pig diet, which depends on 3) The local feed stock, which depends on 4) The local soil and 5) The local farming practises and 6) The local chemical usage and everything depends on 7) The local water quality So it's impossible to replicate and far too expensive to import, say, stock concentrates to sell in a poor city like Portsmouth. So the only replication she can do is just do exactly as they do, make the best stock she can with the best ingredients to hand. Which is, of course, exactly what the Japanese do. So in a way she succeeded. It's called Tokyo Corner Kyoto Ramen (seems they refurbished and rebranded after COVID) in Portsmouth, England and I highly recommend it.
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  55. ​ @guzilayerken5013  China bought their LCD and OLED technology. The outcompeted Japan (not Korea) but that's because labour is cheap. They didn't invent anything. Let's see how they do without being able to buy and steal everything.
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  56.  @ScoobieDoo-zy1rh  Are you talking about mining or manufacturing?
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  57.  @ScoobieDoo-zy1rh  Will we have vast reserves of gallium and all sorts of rare earth minerals (don't let the rare bit fool you) just here in the UK. All this does it make it financially viable to mine them in Europe. As for manufacturing, building factories next to where the resources are mined is always the best option and we have all the world's expertise right to hand. Take batteries, we have massive lithium deposits which we're starting to mine in Cornwall, England and Tata Rolls Royce is building a battery gigafactory down the road. Same thing will happen for magnet production on the continent for turbines, where all the wind turbines are built, absolute cutting edge technology. At the end of the day, the only reason we bought off of China was because it was cheap. They thought that that meant they could play silly games with the South China Sea, Taiwan and Korea (as well as many other rules broken) Russia thought the same. Turns out they were wrong. If you want to play the game, you follow the rules.
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  58. Universities licensing technology sounds wrong.
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  59. Sometimes i think you sit down with 2D20 and a dictionary when choosing subjects
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  60.  @rogeratygc7895  I'm British, so I have no idea. But I don't think so, not outside the UK!
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  61. I wonder if you could ask gpt to steal itself for you.
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  62. 1.3 mikes, oh bless, it thinks it's small....
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  63. I wonder what education levels are like compared to America.
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  64.  @oladunk9986  What's an LM741 for then?
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  65. Kirin = ARM = Not a Chinese CPU.
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  66. I regret not visiting Singapore at all. And i doubly regret not being old enough to be able to have visited Hong Kong pre-1997.
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  67.  @genethompson8764  Singapore or Hong Kong?
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  68. ​ @billycao2653  Oh honestly... 🙄 Kunpeng - arm - British Kirin - arm - British 5G - 3GPP - global standards committee Loongson - MIPS - American MTT S80 - MUSA - Chinese, performance is less than a GT 1030, meaning awful, 10 years behind. China is still 10 years behind the rest of the world, slapping 7nm on the chip doesn't make any difference. You don't get to copy and resell our tech anymore, you buy it at full price and only if you obey the rules of international order.
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  69. I wonder if you could reduce the weight on the neck in other ways. Is buoyancy a thing here? I'm guessing not because it's a sealed chamber. Couldn't they lower the pool instead of raising the crystal?
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  70. ​ @oldkingchuan9799  China is actively self-isolating by not following the rules of international order. They thought they could get away with it, now they are discovering that they are wrong. Stop stealing tech, stop stealing land, stop stealing people's lives and culture and we'll let you back in the club. Eventually But you must be made an example of, same as Russia, and this punishment will require Chinese reform and take a lot of time. You have a lot of bad habits to out grow, but it's understandable, you are young, but you will learn. We will teach you. 🇺🇳
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  71.  @AlpineTheHusky  Sorry, I've got a bit lost, I'm not sure what we're talking about. Looking at the wiki page: 7_nm_process At the chapter: 7 nm process nodes and process offerings Could you tell which 2 processes we're talking about? One is, obviously, SMIC N+2 (7 nm) with transistor density of 'Unknown' but lonely at least >= 89 MTr/mm² and multipatterning under DUV. Personally I think this is globally financially invisible, it'll never be cheap enough compared to monopatterning EUV So I guess there's multipatterning on all 7nm nodes?!? Maybe SMIC N+2 isn't in as much trouble as I thought! But looking at the 5nm wiki roadmap the multipatterning is this SALELE (Self Aligned Litho Etch Litho Etch) which describes itself as more automated (cheaper and faster maybe?) I just don't know, but it's EUV, SMIC can't do it and I think the following processes will outsell (cheaper) and outperform SMIC: Samsung 5LPE Samsung 5LPP TSMC N5 TSMC N5P Samsung 4LPE Samsung 4LPP Samsung 4LPP+ Samsung 4HPC Samsung 4LPA TSMC N4 TSMC N4P TSMC N4X TSMC 4N Intel 4
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  72. 7, 5, 3 and 2 nm process pages exist on Wikipedia. After that, on the beyond 2 nm process chapter, it speculates about a British team that has carved solid transistors out of doped monoatomic graphene but that's it. They expect the 2nm processes to be in volume production at the end of 2025, just 2 years away and then we're back to science experiments! 😂😉 Gonna be exciting stuff, this is China's chance to really shine, if they can come up with a viable home grown solution. They have the creativity I think, somewhere. But do they have the cooperation skills to leverage it?
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  73. Tons per area year I guess?
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  74. Are you serious, they called it new water?!? 🤣 Might as well call it Totally Not An Evil Plan Water. I can't think of a more sinister name
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  75. Shame about the Xenon, being a noble gas would mean it wouldn't want to interact chemically with ANYTHING in the machine.
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  76. I find the use of the word "inch" in some of these publications from high tech chip fabs nauseating Imperial Units instead of Free Units 🤢🤢🤢
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  77. Er, you said 5 nuclear powers but then only listed 3?
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  78. Two words, Yield!
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  79. I can't wait for hbm prices to fall low enough to be stacked on top of consumer Apus
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  80. I mean the fact that the entire planet runs on British CPUs, most of the world DSLs run on British DSPs and that's just a tiny fraction of our continuing achievements means nothing I guess. We've just invented flexible electronics. Including CPUs and batteries. This will, again, be Britain causing another global technological revolution. To my knowledge graphene was our last. We have the only viable design for liquid fuelled reactors too. From our failed nuclear industry apparently.
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  81.  @vylbird8014  Do you know that though? Do you actually know that? All these doomers I speak to and you ask them how they know and it's "cos its true" or "they said so" x86 processors, they sell about 40 million a year. For the last 30 years they've sold 100s of millions. ARM? Which is British? 600 billion sold. Aerospace industry. Yes, we are second place to America. It's true. It goes USA, UK, every other country comes after us. I'm disabled. I can't work, 5 years now. I sit and I read. And read. And read. And I cross reference. There's stuff you wouldn't believe (clearly 😂)
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  82.  @aredub1847  Why? Because I took the time to sit down, read and learn? Not really. 600 billion arm processors. Designed originally by Acorn in Cambridge. x86? (Intel) A billion. just. Maybe
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  83. Maybe it's cyber thieves complaining it's too slow so they don't encrypt memory! 😮
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  84. Oh my god every time he says Baaaaalls 🤣👍
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  85. OK. Here's some Thumb Rules. In the process of "Making a thing and selling it for Money", there are 3 stages: 1) Design 2) Manufacture 3) Marketing But, the value of each stage is wildly unequal: Design: 💲💲💲💲💲💲 'facture: 💲 Market: 💲💲💲💲💲💲💲💲 In the UK we excel at 1 and 3 and do a LOT of that. We contract our manufacturing and its razor margins to the far east.
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  86. "Carefully"
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  87.  @DrumToTheBassWoop  If it is then I didn't know it was listed.
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  88. ​ @darkgalaxy5548  Have a read about Moltex's SSR Reactor. Molten salt fuel, molten salt cooled but no pumped hot salt. The fuel salts are static in fuel tubes and the cooling salt is moved by convection currents.
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  89. And now that we've watched hours and hours of these videos? Now it's confirmed magic. This is just magic, people, they are meddling wizards, not other explanation fits
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  90. I'm sorry they called it what?? 😂
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  91. ​ @neoxnet  I picked up an HD Sony PVM off of eBay 4 years ago, it's great. Even got the armour plated transport case with it! 😊
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  92.  @adrinathegreat3095  Did you keep it?
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  93. I remember when I first had a go with Linux, it was Debian. I couldn't figure out how to install drivers. Right up until the point you realise they just get detected and loaded as kernel modules at boot or, at most, pulled in with an apt-get command. Certainly was an eye opening moment in my journey as a software engineer and architect.
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  94. So what's the gate pitch now we've moved to EUV? And have they ditched all the added complexity of all that lelele stuff?
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  95. ​ @leyasep5919  RISC-V enables people bringing something new to the table. Because it's open source and license free.
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  96. You could do the Apollo Guidance Computer, that thing was amazing.
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  97. I just bought a dozen ti SN76489s from AliExpress!
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  98. Is Cadillac still a luxury brand in the US?
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  99. Have you done Johansson blocks yet?
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  100. I hope we build some in Europe too. Taiwan can own it all, I don't care, but it should be spread around.
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  101. Indeed, the modern internet is a product of British, French and American academia.
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  102. Oooh, I wanna see a video on all the failed lithography techs
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  103. ​​ @allangibson2408 I'm talking about a single NAND gate on one of those ICs. It's got three inputs. NAND has two inputs.
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  104. Sounds like the takeover was actually a good thing for Sharp? At least it still exists. What happened to the Japanese factories? Did JDI get them? Or were they just scrapped? Glad they brushed up their 130nm plant, great for MCUs and the like.
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  105. ​ @Gameboygenius  That depends on whether the nes cart connector is full of dust. And tbf it more likely that the socket inside the console is full of dust and you should blow on that, with an air-duster. The cart is more likely suffering from corrosion and should have its edge connector cleaned with IPA and a paper towel.
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  106. ​ @jackking5567  The waste from Thorp is dried and vitrified.
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  107. ​​ @red-baitingswine8816  Technically all chemical processes are the various physics processes, which are technically all quantum processes of some type. But yes, all DNA/RNA transcription machinery is based on chemical interactions (the weak force, electron shells, that stuff) But then there's enzymes. Which, is a bit spooky-quantum. That's all strong molecular knots that just... magically pass through each other to become unknotted even though there isn't enough energy in the cell to unknot them, when in three presence of an enzyme specific to that knot. Specifically we think enzymes trigger quantum tunneling. Or that the accepted explanation.
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  108. I wonder if including DNA's error handling capabilities would be a useful trade off for increasing yield and reliability at the cost of performance in chip design? If not in commercial products, certainly you'd think that would be great for deep space computers, or other high radiation environments.
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  109. ​ @kenstevens5065  We can, it's called MOX, Mixed OXide fuel. A long time if you reprocess it, which we can.
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  110. It's called a Cookie Cutter. And I'm pretty sure this should be the pinned comment.
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  111. The USSR "Making The Gap Permanent" since 1922.
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  112. Wait, why are news papers and signage in Singapore in English?
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  113. Everyone gangster until the flourine delivery truck arrives 😳
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  114. They should have a pipeline for putting multiple ASICS on one wafer, so that small companies can have a dozen prototypes made.
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  115. ​ @jimurrata6785  Ukraine makes CRTs? Really? Cool, I want some
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  116. No masks, just adding the material. Think of things like resin or powder fusing machines, lay down material, fuse it with photons, wash away unfused material. Or direct material deposition, at the atomic level. Not a single beam either, think millions of elements, each can manipulate those atoms. Hell, at some point it'll be a commodity item in your home and HP will remind you that your rare earth cartridge is low.
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  117. Urgh, America America America. MEANWHILE IN THE UNITED KINGDOM Home Computing! Home Videogames Industry! The World Wide Web! ARM! 😉
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  118. Is it because of cheap labour and lax environmental laws?
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  119. Guess you can't grow them directly on the TV then?
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  120. They should name it F1X because Femto.
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