Comments by "" (@Rav01508) on "The Indian Express"
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The McMahon Line was first drafted in 1913, and the treaty to ratify them (Simla Accords) was never signed by the Republic Of China(ROC) who had just overthrown the Qing dynasty. There was no such thing as the McMahon Line in 1890, and China isn't disputing where the Line was drawn, she's disputing the validity of the Line in its entirety. The primary Indian claim is that the ROC did sign the Simla Accords because a British official called Olaf Caroe fabricated a narrative in 1938 where the ROC signed the Simla Accords (they didn't) and ceded parts of Tibet to the Raj.
In 1963 a British diplomat compared a pre-1938 treaties compendium with the post-Caroe compendium and found that Caroe had changed the note on the ROC's not signing the Simla Accords into one where the ROC signed it and considers the Indo-Tibetan border finalised. Nehru picked up a copy of Caroe's fabricated compendium so he got the impression that his country was legally entitled to more than she actually was. Compounding this was the US' decision to add fuel to the flames by declaring the McMahon Line as the legitimate boundary in an attempt to contain the spread of communism, despite reservations from the US State Department and protests from the fiercely non-communist Chiang Kai-Shek, leader of the ROC.
However, we all know Nehru irreversibly altered his country's relations with China in 1962, so by 1963, when the fabrication was discovered, it was already too late to stem the tide of Indian nationalism based on the false compendium entry. And that leaves us with the situation today, in the aftermath of a British attempt to de jure carve out a piece of Chinese territory which failed but had some success de facto, then a British fabrication of her failed attempt to carve out Chinese territory, then an Indian acceptance of the British fabrication alongside American endorsement, and a Chinese refusal to accept the fabrication as anything remotely legal.
Some Indians recognise that they don't actually have a legal claim to South Tibet, so they've begun using a different claim in that the people living in South Tibet want to be part of India more than China; in essence, a claim based on the principle of self-determination. This is India's secondary claim. However, as history has shown time and time again (Catalonia, Confederate States, Taiwan, Corsica, Chechnya, Tibet, Naxalites), without the permission of the larger body, a smaller section of the population will not be allowed to separate from its original country regardless of what they want.
A much more detailed account of the McMahon Line and its history is available here, written by Peter Lee who, contrary to impressions given by his surname, is not at all Chinese.
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In 2016, Modi announced the demonetization of banknotes, at a four-hour notice. The entire nation was thrown into panic. Over 100 people died standing in queues. Everything — from small businesses to everyday life — was thrown into chaos and suffering, while Modi was joking about people's conditions. The Government was so unprepared for the move, that new notes hadn't even been printed yet, and couldn't be dispensed by the ATM. Modi Government kept changing the goals of the demonetization, from action against black money, to curbing terrorism, to bringing cashless economy. Yet, it was clear that the only result of the policy was a massive hit to the national economy and destruction of the informal sector.
In 2017, the Modi Government introduced GST, riddled with flaws, its rules were amended dozens of times within a month. Against the objective of uniform taxation, GST introduced five different tax rates, apart from cess. GST dealt a massive blow to federalism.
By 2018, the effects of demonetization and GST visible, and the economic growth slowed down. Meanwhile, the unemployment was rising. Instead of addressing the issue, Modi asked whether selling pakoda in front of news studios and earning ₹200 a day would not count as employment. In 2019, a leaked NSSO report revealed that unemployment was at a 45-year-high. The report was suppressed, and further NSSO surveys were stopped.
In 2019, the Pulwama attack happened, where 40 CRPF personnel were killed. Yet, Modi who was shooting Man vs Wild at the time of the attack, continued with his program for hours. Instead of accepting responsibility, he began exploiting the attack to seek votes in the name of national security. It was later revealed that the Modi Government had received 11 intelligence reports of a possible attack before Pulwama, and refused to provide security to the CRPF despite repeated requests.
After the 2019 election, the Modi Government went into a hyperdrive with its communal agenda. The Government introduced Citizenship Amendment Act, a provision to grant the Citizenship of India, to non-Muslim illegal immigrants from Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Afghanistan who entered India before 2014. Which meant, for the first time, the Citizenship of India has been linked to religious identity. Massive protests erupted across India. Meanwhile, the Government attacked the universities of JMI, JNU and DU to quell the protests. Peaceful protesters were arrested, while BJP leaders like Kapil Mishra, Anurag Thakur, and Parvesh Verma, openly gave hate speeches.
In 2020, the COVID pandemic struck, and the Government imposed a nationwide lockdown at a four-hour notice. Millions of workers went unemployed. Migrant workers were thrown into an immense suffering, many of them choosing to walk thousands of kilometers rather than suffering from starvation. Thousands of people were killed. With loss of jobs and incomes, millions fell faced hunger and starvation.
In 2020, during the lockdown, the Government conspired with the corporations to weaken India's environmental laws, and to allow corporate takeover of dense forests. The Government also conspired to allow corporate takeover of agriculture, and force the farmers to become bonded labourers. The farmers fought a historic battle, and after the sacrifice of 800 farmers, the Government was forced to take back the black laws.
In 2020, in the Galwan valley conflict 20 army jawans laid down their lives defending our borders. Yet, to save his face, Modi claimed that China did not enter Indian territories. The statement was a major setback to India, and contradicted India Army's stand. Reports revealed that India had lost access to 26 out of 65 Patrolling Points in eastern Ladakh, after China occupied over 1000 sq km of Indian territories. China constructed roads and villages inside Indian territories in Arunachal Pradesh, while Modi Government kept awarding massive contracts to Chinese firms.
A few months later, the second wave of COVID struck. Despite warnings, Modi government let India sleepwalk into its largest humanitarian crisis. 47 lakh people died, due to Government's incompetence. People were suffocating without oxygen, and dying without hospital beds. There was not enough space in crematoriums, and rivers were overflowing with dead bodies.
Meanwhile, the Government kept endorsing and protecting hate-mongers. Open call for genocide and rape were made in public rallies. In December 2021, at a Dharma Sansad organized in Haridwar, speakers gave call for genocide, assassinations, and civil war.
2022 saw massive protests against unemployment. The entire North India erupted in protest after the Government brought the Agnipath scheme. Large-scale riots and arson happened in Bihar, UP and other states. The annoyed youths targeted BJP offices and set them on fire.
2023 witnessed a massive ethnic conflicts and civil war in Manipur. Despite having a “double engine” government, the Modi has not even visited the state. He has refused to meet the delegation from Manipur, and has refused to remove the Chief Minister. The state has been burning for seven months.
In December 2023, four youths protesting against unemployment breached the Parliament. Modi refused to address the house on this security incident. Meanwhile, over 140 MPs were suspended from the Parliament, and crucial laws, threatening civil liberties, were bulldozed without debates. Earlier, in August, the Government passed laws to allow digital surveillance.
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