Comments by "lee boss" (@leeboss373) on "Andre Walker" channel.

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  21. Nothing to see here🤔 ⸻ 1. Early Conflicts and Conquest (7th–11th centuries) • Battle of Chester (c. 616) – Northumbrians defeated a Welsh alliance. • Offa’s Dyke (8th century) – Not a battle, but a major defensive earthwork built by the Mercians to separate themselves from the Welsh. • Various skirmishes (8th–11th centuries) between Anglo-Saxon kingdoms and Welsh rulers. ⸻ 2. Norman Invasion and Marcher Lords (1067–1282) • Norman Conquest of Wales (1067–1081) – Series of campaigns as Normans pushed into Wales. • Battle of Mynydd Carn (1081) – Welsh internal battle with Norman implications. • Establishment of Marcher Lordships along the border led to near-constant skirmishes. ⸻ 3. Wars of Welsh Independence • First War of Welsh Independence (1276–1277) – Edward I vs. Llywelyn ap Gruffudd (Llywelyn the Last). • Second War of Welsh Independence (1282–1283) – Ended with the death of Llywelyn and the conquest of Wales. • Battle of Orewin Bridge (1282) – Llywelyn was killed. • Fall of Dolwyddelan Castle (1283) – Last major resistance. ⸻ 4. Rebellions Against English Rule • Madog ap Llywelyn Revolt (1294–1295) • Battle of Maes Moydog (1295) – English victory. • Llywelyn Bren’s Revolt (1316) – Uprising in Glamorgan. • Owain Glyndŵr’s Revolt (1400–1415) • Battle of Stalling Down (1403) • Battle of Grosmont (1405) – English victory. • Battle of Pwll Melyn (1406) – Heavy Welsh defeat. • Major Welsh uprising and the last serious challenge to English rule in Wales. ⸻ 5. Integration and Aftermath • After Glyndŵr’s revolt, Wales was gradually integrated into the English legal system via the Laws in Wales Acts (1535–1542) under Henry VIII.
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  22. Have we forgotten about the ira already?😮 1. Norman Invasion of Ireland (1169–1171) • 1169: Cambro-Normans under Strongbow (Richard de Clare) landed in Leinster. • 1171: King Henry II of England arrived to assert authority. • Led to centuries of Anglo-Norman (and later English) involvement in Ireland. ⸻ 2. Gaelic Resistance & Anglo-Irish Wars (13th–16th centuries) • Battle of Callann (1261) – Gaelic Irish victory against the Normans. • Many local conflicts as Irish chieftains resisted Anglo-Norman expansion. • By the 1500s, only the Pale (area around Dublin) remained under direct English control. ⸻ 3. Tudor Conquest of Ireland (1534–1603) • Kildare Rebellion (1534) – Led by “Silken Thomas,” suppressed by Henry VIII. • Desmond Rebellions (1569–1573, 1579–1583) – Rebellions in Munster against English rule. • Nine Years’ War (1594–1603) • Led by Hugh O’Neill and Hugh Roe O’Donnell. • Battle of the Yellow Ford (1598) – Major Irish victory. • Battle of Kinsale (1601) – Decisive English victory with Spanish involvement. ⸻ 4. 17th Century Wars & Rebellions • Irish Rebellion of 1641 – Catholic uprising; sparked: • Confederate Wars (1641–1653) – Irish Catholics vs. English Parliamentarians. • Cromwellian Conquest (1649–1653) • Siege of Drogheda (1649) – Cromwellian massacre. • Siege of Wexford (1649) – Another massacre. • Williamite War in Ireland (1689–1691) • Jacobites (Irish Catholics + French support) vs. Williamites (Protestant English/Dutch). • Battle of the Boyne (1690) – William III defeated James II. • Battle of Aughrim (1691) – Decisive Williamite victory. ⸻ 5. 18th–19th Century Rebellions • United Irishmen Rebellion (1798) • Inspired by the French Revolution. • Battle of Vinegar Hill (1798) – British suppression. • Robert Emmet’s Rebellion (1803) – Failed uprising in Dublin. ⸻ 6. Irish War of Independence (1919–1921) • ira (Irish Republican Army) vs. British forces. • Guerrilla warfare, ambushes, and reprisals. • Kilmichael Ambush (1920), Bloody Sunday (1920). • Ended with the Anglo-Irish Treaty (1921) and creation of the Irish Free State (26 counties). ⸻ 7. Irish Civil War (1922–1923) • Not directly England vs. Ireland, but fought between pro- and anti-Treaty Irish forces. • Anti-Treaty forces opposed partition and the British-imposed terms. ⸻ 8. The Troubles (1969–1998) • Provisional ira vs. British Army, RUC, loyalist paramilitaries in Northern Ireland. • Notable events: • Battle of the Bogside (1969) • Bloody Sunday (1972) – British soldiers shot 26 unarmed civilians. • Bombings in Belfast, London, Birmingham, etc. • Ended (largely) with the Good Friday Agreement (1998).
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