Youtube comments of (@veritasium).

  1. After finishing my PhD I went to a university-led session on ‘What Comes Next.’ What I heard sounded a lot like “now, you beg for money.” It was so depressing to think about all the very clever people in that room who had worked so very hard only to find out they had no financial security and would be spending most of their days asking for money. I realized that even what I thought of as the ‘safe path’ was uncertain so I may as well go after what I truly want. That led me here.
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  2. Tom, I’m happy to receive your constructive criticism, but I’m disappointed you didn’t fix any of the factual errors we alerted you to via email before you launched this video. Examples: 23:42 You cherry-picked this quote to make it seem like the NTSB blamed automation for the crash, when the report focuses squarely on human error: “The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) determined that the probable cause of this accident was the flight crew’s mismanagement of the airplane’s descent during the visual approach, the Pilot Flying’s unintended deactivation of automatic airspeed control, the flight crew’s inadequate monitoring of airspeed, and the flight crew’s delayed execution of a go-around after they became aware that the airplane was below acceptable glidepath and airspeed tolerances.” 32:37 Self-driving cars have maps including traffic control so they would know where stop signs are meant to be even if road markings aren’t there or stop signs are obscured. Plus they have better obstacle detection and avoidance than human drivers. 39:16 I’m not saying rare accidents don’t happen, I’m saying they happen less often than common accidents, many of which could be prevented by self-driving cars. I sent you an academic paper that recreated in simulation 72 real-world fatal accidents that occurred in the area where Waymo operates. In almost all cases the accident was avoided or mitigated by the Waymo driver. Why did you omit this study? 47:03 It’s well understood that autonomous cars properly coordinated could reduce traffic because they don’t have the same reaction time delays as humans. For example all cars at an intersection could start moving together instead of one at a time as we currently do. 47:10 We don’t have to increase the car utilization rate to 100% to reclaim significant value. If cars were parked 90% of the time instead of 95%+ we would only need half as many vehicles. Isn’t it ironic that a video purporting to call out misinformation itself contains so many distortions and factual errors? (Which we pointed out in advance but you didn’t feel compelled to fix) On the issues themselves, I like public transport. I also ride a bike, and enjoy walking to get around when it’s practical. But cars will be a part of the transport mix for the foreseeable future. And it’s my opinion, based on the evidence, that roads will be safer the more cars are driven by computers than humans. No one has to pay me to tell you that.
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  3. For those who are wondering... Yes, this means eating 20 million bananas at one time might kill you due to radiation exposure. But let's face it, if you're eating 20 million bananas, the radiation is the least of your worries.
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  4. Great video on supernovae! Amazing that we were both working on the same topic at the same time. I hope everyone knows that these videos take months of lead time for both of us so there is no way one video was inspired by the other or vice versa.
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  5. If you want to vote by liking/disliking the video: “Agree with me” means 1/3 and “Disagree” means 1/2. Latest update (Nov 23, 2023): 217,332 agree with me, and 97,502 disagree with me.
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  6. If you need help with some of the audio, turn on captions!
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  7. Also shout out to Indian mathematician and astronomer Madhava of Sangamagrama, who in the 14th century had a different infinite series for pi that converged as fast as Newton's
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  8. I agree with Marques - long live the dislike button!
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  9. Happy Earth Day! If you want to offset your carbon emissions I will personally cover the first month of your subscription at https://ve42.co/wren (for the first 100 people to sign up)
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  10. I saw this video before all y'all (because I'm at Destin's house) and it's awesome. So... First. For real.
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  11. If you want more detail on the explanation here it is: 1. The car is powered only by the wind. There is no motor or batteries of any kind. 2. The propeller does NOT spin like a windmill. The wind does NOT push it and make it turn. 3. Instead the wheels are geared to the propeller to turn it the opposite way, like a fan, so it pushes air backwards. 4. To start the vehicle the wind simply pushes on the whole vehicle (like a block of styrofoam) and gets it moving. 5. The wheels are turning so they turn the propeller in the opposite direction to how the wind is pushing it. 6. The prop is pushing air back so air pushes the prop forwards, accelerating the car. 7. Once you get up to wind speed there is no apparent wind on the vehicle. If the prop were spun like a windmill this would mean no more thrust. But, since the prop is operating like a fan, it still accelerates air backwards, generating thrust. 8. You can go faster than wind speed continuously because even when going faster than the wind, the prop can still accelerate air backwards (in the car's frame of reference) generating thrust. In a stationary frame of reference you would see that the wind behind the propellor is slower than the surrounding air. So it's clear that the energy is coming from the wind. FAQ: If power is coming from the wheels to turn the prop, why doesn't that slow down the wheels more than it gets the prop to push back? A: Because the wheels are moving over the ground much faster than the prop is moving through the air (because there's a tailwind). Example:  Let's say the car is going 12m/s in a 10m/s tailwind, so faster than the wind (note the prop will be moving through an apparent headwind of 2m/s). Power = Force x Velocity Let's say the chain applies a drag force of 100N on the wheels to drive the prop. This means we're taking power from the wheels = FxV = 100N x 12m/s = 1200W If we apply this power to the fan, it can create a force of F = P/V = 1200W / 2m/s = 600N Admittedly I've assumed no losses, but even if we waste half the power, we'd still get 300N of thrust which is more than the 100N of drag the prop adds to the wheels. The key is that we're harvesting power at higher speed, lower force, and deploying it at lower speed, higher force (which is only possible because we have a tailwind - in still air this wouldn't work because the relative velocity of the wheels over the ground would be exactly the same as the relative velocity of the prop through the air).
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  12. PLEASE NOTE: I will now return to science videos. I posted this video here because when I observe a blatant disregard for the truth I have to do something. I hope to prevent people from having the same experience I did.
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  13. Here's a question I've seen a lot in comments: OK, I'm accelerating up but then shouldn't someone on the other side of the globe fall off? No, here's why: Either watch again from 8:28 or read what I've written below... Spacetime is curved - it curves the opposite direction on the other side of the Earth.  Neither us on this side of the Earth nor they on the other side are changing our spacial coordinates - we're not moving up, they're not moving down - Earth isn't flying into one of us. BUT we both ARE accelerating. In curved spacetime you have to accelerate just to remain stationary. The traditional definition of acceleration is something changing its velocity. In general relativity you have to embrace a new definition of acceleration: it means deviating from a geodesic - not going on a straight line path through spacetime. Near the Earth a geodesic is a parabola so unless you're moving in a parabolic arc (like on a zero-g plane) you are accelerating. This definition is the same as the old one  so if you're accelerating in deep space then your velocity is changing. *BUT*... if you are near a large mass you are in curved spacetime, now acceleration  your velocity is changing. You can stay stationary relative to Earth's surface and still be accelerating. This is because your acceleration should be measured not relative to the Earth's surface but relative to free-falling objects - they are inertial observers. Imagine this - I'm in deep space and I make horizontal rows and rows of stationary golf balls. Then I hop in my rocket and accelerate up through them. Just think about what that looks like. Now my rocket is back on Earth just sitting there. I freeze time for a sec and make horizontal rows and rows of golf balls up into the atmosphere. Now unfreeze time. What do you see? If you just look at the golf balls and the rocket ship it looks the same as the situation in space where the golf balls were stationary and the rocket was accelerating. Einstein's point was the golf balls have the better claim as the "stationary" thing since their experience is just like the golf balls in deep space - no forces experienced. The rocket on Earth is just like the rocket in space. It feels a force and hence an acceleration.
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  14. Yes it is 1/1 but you have to treat it as an expected value. On average in any arrangement of 100 slips in boxes you should expect one loop of length 1. But sometimes you won’t get one. Sometimes you’ll get two or three etc. So if you had 1000 random arrangements of 100 numbers, you’d expect to find 1000 loops of length 1 500 loops of length 2 333 loops of length 3 etc. 10 loops of length 100 In the graph we show something slightly different, the probability that a loop of length L is the longest loop. If L>50 it must be the longest loop so the probability it exists and the probability it’s the longest are the same. If L<51 then there may be a longer loop (or same length). For example a loop of length 20 happens 5% of the time but it is rarely the longest loop.
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  15. I spent some time assuring them it wasn't a scam and that I'm not talented enough to be a "street magician"
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  16. You’re such a hipster Destin! And I’m here for it. I agree there’s a real magic to capturing images this way. I love how the actual photons from the scene go into making those little silver crystals on the negative.
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  17. Let's use chemistry for good! If you want to offset your carbon emissions I will personally cover the first month of your subscription at https://ve42.co/Wren (for the first 100 people to sign up)
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  18. Truth - shout out to Ivàn!
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  19. Thanks for this thoughtful video Destin. I am constantly reminded of how ‘the medium is the message’ which makes me wonder what is the real message of YouTube? I think for a long time the message of YouTube has been in depth, quality content, which contrasts with other social media platforms. Like you I hope they keep it this way and don’t keep trying to copy every other platform out there. What I love about your work is you’ve never lost your voice. Thanks for using your voice for good on here.
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  20. Destin, this is some serious hardcore science! AWESOME!
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  21. Love the reaction from Dr. Telepun. Great job getting that shot!!
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  22. For those who are wondering, I convinced my interviewees that the bet was not a scam: they could inspect the coin, flip it themselves, use their own coin etc. I explained that the experiment was intended to explore their approach to risk. It was fear of losing $10, not distrust, that led them to decline the bet.
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  23. Judging from the comments and likes:dislikes, I missed the mark with this video.  I just want to make it clear that the failing was my own and not because of any brand talking points. They asked me what I wanted to talk about and I said 'how electric cars are the future.' They gave me total control over the script and video and didn't ask me to change a thing. Personally I didn't think this video was too branded because it's about electric cars in general. I drive an electric car and I like it a lot. I see a lot of the comments concerned that I didn't talk about the negatives of electric cars. That's because this video is about why electric cars are the future, not 'why electric cars have some challenges to overcome'. Some people interpret the lack of negatives like I was only allowed to say positive things. That's not true. Obviously in hindsight I should have talked about:  Electric cars are still expensive - sure but as I noted battery costs are coming way down and they're cheaper to run Electric cars produce more CO2 to manufacture than gas cars - but they compensate within 1-5 years by being more efficient and producing less to run Lithium mining isn't great for the environment - true but no mining is great for the environment (it takes a lot to make any car) and we can recycle the batteries a lot more cheaply than going back to mining the raw material. New battery designs are also reducing the amount of rare metals required. For long road trips you do need to take pit stops around charging stations. If you're thinking about people charging at night, how does that affect the electricity grid? I personally think it's a good thing because it evens out demand, which is usually highest during the day. Hydrogen fuel cell cars - this is just something I personally don't see happening because there's not enough existing infrastructure. Electricity is everywhere, easily charge at your house. Hydrogen is not. When I was graduating college in 2004 hydrogen fuel cell cars were meant to be right around the corner. They're still very fringe.
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  24. scooped good sir! But honestly I'm sorry great minds think alike.
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  25. let's hope skill plays a much larger role in my video creation than luck! ;)
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  26. I love the turbulent flow (and thanks for the shoutout!) but my favorite is your reaction at 19:30
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  27. Did you see laminar flow? No, neither did I.
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  28. I've lived in Australia a long time
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  29. Awesome video Mark! I've often thought about digging into Fourier decompositions of speech to show how different vowel sounds are made but operationalizing it with a piano was amazing - great job!
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  30. OK, just over an hour to go! This is the link to the Washington DC National Science Foundation livestream: https://ve42.co/NSFstream Click here for links to other live streams (there are several available in different countries): https://ve42.co/EHTstream
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  31.  @Tom_Nicholas  I agree, pinning this comment would help the discussion.
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  32. Should I make a video explaining the problems with these arguments?
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  33. I had never thought about this in so much detail (eg full value per view). Thanks for breaking it down Sam!
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  34. Great work Destin! If this video doesn't blow up YouTube is seriously busted.
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  35.  @SF-li9kh  I use H&S, drive an electric car, want to go to space (not a sponsored video btw) and I think AVs will save lives. I make videos about things I believe in. That’s my moral code. Many of my teen viewers want to become engineers and scientists and work at these companies. If you don’t like certain tech that is up to you.
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  36. If you're just here for music and fire, skip to 3:38. It's mesmerizing.
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  37. Try to guess how old Prof. Sinclair is before he tells you...
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  38. If you want to pull your data out of a black hole of data brokers, then head to https://incogni.com/veritasium and use code veritasium to get 60% off an annual plan.
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  39. For the first 100 people who sign up, I will personally offset the first month of your carbon footprint on Wren: https://wren.co/veritasium
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  40. FYI Destin filmed the call for my video on zero notice less than 12 hours before he flew to Alaska. He’s a class act. Thanks Destin!
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  41. Now would you say that the airflow generated by flinging those seeds off was turbulent? or laminar?
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  42. At about 1:55 I hear a troubling pop as I'm trying to lift the gyro over my head without it spinning - anyone else?
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  43. I’d be interested to know your thoughts on this format. Would you like to see more ‘Talking to scientists about their recent publications on Skype’? Maybe not on this channel but on Sciencium perhaps?
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  44. There’s a data driven way to read the news: go to https://ground.news/veritasium to get 30% off the Vantage plan and see through sensationalized reporting.
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  45. The astronauts were exposed to some additional radiation from visiting the site, but they were about to go to the moon. So radiation was part of the job.
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  46. Have any lingering questions about knots? Want to hear more knot stories that didn’t make the cut? Derek and Emily (the writer/director of this video) will be hosting a livestream for our Patreons next week! Join our Patreon for more info and a link to the stream - https://ve42.co/VePatreon
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  47. I’ve visited a glass shop before but I never knew about the rubbery plateau and I always wondered how they could keep working the glass outside the furnace. Now I know! Also, seeing the internal stresses using the polarizer was awesome. Great job Destin!
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  48. So... apparently you have to watch in 60 fps for everything to work. And even then, all your gaming on high refresh rate monitors may have given you freakishly good powers of perception.
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  49. Common complaint: Bell's theorem rules out hidden variable theories. Response: No, it rules out local hidden variable theories - hidden variable theories are fine if they involve faster-than-light interactions. John Bell himself was a fan of pilot wave theories as this 1986 quote demonstrates "While the founding fathers agonized over the question 'particle' or 'wave', de Broglie in 1925 proposed the obvious answer 'particle' and 'wave'. Is it not clear from the smallness of the scintillation on the screen that we have to do with a particle? And is it not clear, from the diffraction and interference patterns, that the motion of the particle is directed by a wave? De Broglie showed in detail how the motion of a particle, passing through just one of two holes in screen, could be influenced by waves propagating through both holes. And so influenced that the particle does not go where the waves cancel out, but is attracted to where they cooperate. This idea seems to me so natural and simple, to resolve the wave-particle dilemma in such a clear and ordinary way, that it is a great mystery to me that it was so generally ignored."
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  50. Two things: I've got a team now, and sponsor deadlines haha
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  51. He’s maybe my favorite of all time.
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  52. For the record, Ben has a standing offer for compensation for the 'not-a-flamethrower.' He likes the video and hasn't yet investigated the problem but I suspect something is mechanically wrong with the trigger. Also, we had a real flamethrower lined up to do this, but we couldn't find a safe place to shoot it 150ft (>45m). Plus for the purposes of testing aerogel we needed a hot flame, like the 2000C of this propane 'not-a' flamethrower and we didn't need the hassle of getting diesel or napalm all over the blanket...
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  53. To clarify: the cooling towers in the thumbnail and video are from a coal-fired power station. Yes, they release H20, but the other chimneys in the video release CO2 (which is an invisible gas) so I went with the cooling towers because they look cool.
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  54. If you're watching this right now, it's probably because I posted a gif in the community tab. I'm curious if you: a. have seen the video already b. didn't know it existed and the community post is the first you heard if it c. saw the title and thumbnail before but didn't click it d. other?
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  55.  @destroya3303  throwing out the way things appear to be is core to physics. Aristotle said an object's natural state is to come to rest. Newton figured out it was friction making everything come to rest and without that force everything would keep moving in a straight line with constant velocity. You are being Aristotle in this situation.
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  56. Haha can't wait!
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  57. Even after 6 months, this is one of our most warmly received videos yet! Since we’re still getting comments about it, we thought we’d post some of the fantastic interview footage that didn’t make the final cut over on our Patreon. Enjoy! https://patreon.com/posts/what-game-theory-107376148
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  58. If you're thinking about how to make a positive impact with your work, get a free in-depth career guide from 80,000 Hours: 80000hours.org/veritasium
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  59. Google+ integrated comments are annoying me. Thumbs up this comment if you agree (and if you can)
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  60. Great episode! Thanks for breaking this down so clearly and with nuance. The world needs more of this
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  61. By popular demand: this video without my narration: https://youtu.be/DLUb14UsgJ8
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  62. Congratulations on the launch!
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  63. I'll recommend that to the scientists ;)
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  64. Great video! I never thought about scapegoats this way before. Thanks for inspiring me to keep experimenting with how I make videos to satisfy my mimetic desire
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  65. When I asked you to come drop pennies on me from a helicopter in the desert, I totally expected you to say no. Thank you for being game, for coming out and teaching me so much!
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  66. sidenote: did anyone notice this is the highest resolution video I've ever uploaded? 5888x2944 for the record
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  67. Veritasium passes 2 million subscribers! Thanks for all the support!!
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  68. Great video Destin! For the record I tried riding this bike in a hotel hallway and crashed into the wall. I've experienced other unlearning problems driving on the left/right in Australia and Canada and even flicking on light switches (in Aus it's down for on).
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  69. We were all initially expecting half the applied voltage. BUT we modeled the circuit including coupling the wires on the left side of the resistor to the wires on the right side. In that case you get less than half and then the overshoot.
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  70. 🤦 should have thought of that
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  71. Feedback from UCLA A/Prof Heather Zinn Brooks: "At first, it seems totally crazy that increasing r would lead to cycles... if it's describing population growth, why would a bigger r cause a drop in some years? In fact, the magic is in the (1-x_n) factor of the equation, which models a carrying capacity. The idea is that populations are typically resource-limited, so growth can only be supported up to a certain point. Once you think about that, it makes sense that huge growth rates could result in "boom and bust" cycles in the population, because the population would grow faster than their resources would support."
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  72.  @Hannah_Em  Tom’s claim is that my video is biased due to financial interest. To substantiate this claim he cherry-picks misleading quotes, and outright lies about shortcomings of the tech. If my video were really biased surely he could cite an actual example where Waymo’s AVs fall short. The biggest shortcoming of self-driving tech is that it’s in its infancy but I thought that much was obvious.
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  73. What happened to my comment section?! :( This video is about observations of our universe and our best scientific explanations of those observations. This video, like science, has nothing to say about non-evidence-based beliefs.
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  74. To take all possible paths the internet has to offer, get the exclusive NordVPN deal here: https://NordVPN.com/veritasium It’s risk free with Nord’s 30 day money-back guarantee!
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  75. NOTE: Cell towers do not create very intense microwave fields near your head. Phones result in much higher intensity radiation near your head because of their close proximity. So no, the benefit of better reception is not outweighed by proximity to the tower (as has been suggested in comments and emails)
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  76. Pulled along by cylindrical penguins with a non-elasticated rope.
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  77. There were way more people there than I expected. The come to land sail etc. this made driving more challenging because at times I was “dodging” land sailors.
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  78. Go to https://Saily.com/veritasium and use the code 'veritasium' to get an exclusive 15% off your first purchase.
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  79. This was my second ride on a vomit comet but this time I didn't take motion sickness medication... AND I found it really hard to remember what I was going to say in the 30 second shoot intervals we had (there were 12 zero-g, 2 lunar and 1 martian) as blood was flooding into my head.
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  80. Because someone was trying to sleep.
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  81. Some people have been sending wikipedia references saying parts of this video are wrong, but I think it's wikipedia with the misconceptions. For further reference check out this paper: http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=8838887
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  82. Hi @AltevBaka, thank you for this comment. We liked it so much we took a screenshot and made it the video's thumbnail🙌
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  83. Congrats on 10 years! I thought the setting looked familiar and I had to double check the publication date to make sure it wasn't a super old video.
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  84. BOOM!
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  85. I'm on a plane over the Pacific but it turns out the plane "has wifi" in the same way 1994 had internet - just barely and oh so slow. Anyway, hope you're enjoying the video. Question: do you like the 'newest first' or 'top comments' default sorting?
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  86. Btw those shots of mosquitoes biting are on my arm (except for the exotic species)
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  87. If you enjoyed hearing our expert Tom Magliery discuss his 37 collection, you can watch an extended interview with him - for free! - over on our Patreon https://ve42.co/PatreonTom
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  88. Sorry for being away for such a long time!! I've been shooting a documentary and that's involved a lot of travel - to Boston, Paris, Glasgow, Baltimore, DC, Houston, and now I'm home for a few days before heading off to Australia. I really appreciate your patience and support.
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  89. There is so much amazing research-grade footage in this video! My favorite is 21:28
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  90. Head to http://80000hours.org/veritasium to start planning a career that can help change the world for the better.
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  91.  @eagleleft  Did Tom make the case against public transport here? eg. It’s not economical in sparsely populated areas, requires significant upfront expenditure, might require reclaiming of land for railway lines etc. He didn’t, but I don’t think he had to because 1. he’s making an argument and 2. we can all use our brains to think of cases where public transport is more and less effective. My point is you don’t need to walk through every positive and negative of anything, such is the nature of having an opinion.
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  92. FAQ: 1. This is similar to the Magnus effect in that the relative motion of a spinning ball through fluid creates a force that affects its motion. It's different in that here the fluid starts the ball spinning and there is an equilibrium point around which there are restoring forces. In the Magnus effect the ball must be spinning to begin with and since the fluid is everywhere it can continually change speed and direction. 2. It's not the Coanda effect. The Coanda effect relies on entraining fluid from the surrounding area creating a region of low pressure. Here there is no water surrounding the stream to entrain (since it is a narrow stream). 3. Adhesion between the water and the ball is important - this is what directs the water flow over the ball. 4. The sum of the forces I show should not be zero but equal and opposite to the weight of the ball. Hence the forces of up and out from the initial contact with the stream and up and in from the spray add to make an upward force equal to weight (the in part of the second force is much more important than the up part) 5. It would be interesting to try this with a hydrophobic coating and see if it still works. My hypothesis is it would be much harder. 6. Apparently there are other fountains and toys that use this principle that I was unaware of. This video uses the design created by my friend Blake.
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  93. +Tristan Hoekstra *than I do from school. 'Then' is when for something comes next, 'than' is for comparing two things. You're welcome ;)
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  94. Thanks man! Maybe it’s because we’re friends but that means a lot to me. And thanks for taking the time to help me with the v2512! I was messing around like a noob before our call.
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  95. He's great! I'll see if I can have him back
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  96. It's so much fun figuring this out along with you Destin - great video!!
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  97. Go to https://groundnews.com/Ver to see through media misconceptions and get all sides of every story. Subscribe to save 40% off unlimited access through our link!
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  98. Get all sides of every story at https://groundnews.com/Ve and read the news with a data-driven approach. Subscribe through my link for 50% off unlimited access –their biggest discount of the year.
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  99. Prof Rana Adhikari is clearly a star. Here's how he felt when he learned of G-wave detection: https://youtu.be/ViMnGgn87dg Those glasses provide laser protection - the laser in that lab won't vaporize your head but it could burn your retinas.
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  100. I edited the video like this to make it more interesting to watch, but it may make the solution easier to see than if you consider only the data available to one interviewee. Here is a minimally edited clip: http://youtu.be/AVB8vRC6HIY
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  101. Targets were 3 pre-assigned locations in the Soviet Union. One of these would be selected during launch and all trajectory and flight calculations would be preprogrammed.
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  102. Thank you!
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  103. So many awesome people collaborated with me in this video: MinutePhysics Vsauce BrainCraft Cara Santa Maria Crystal Dilworth +Christina Ochoa - thank you all!!
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  104. Use code veritasium at https://incogni.com/veritasium to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan.
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  105. Thank you to those trying to make sense of this! For clarification: 1. We know the entangled particles must have undefined spins before we measure them because if they didn't they would sometimes give the same spin when measured in a direction perpendicular to their well-defined spins (and they never do). 2. We know the entangled particles can't have hidden information all along about which spin they will give in different directions because if they did we would measure different results at the two detectors >5/9ths of the time and we don't - we only get different results 50% of the time. 3. We can't use this behaviour to communicate faster than light because we can only pick the direction to measure in, we can't force the spin to be up or down - and it will be random with 50/50 probability. When the two detectors pick the same direction to measure in the results at one detector will be random but the opposite random of those measured at the other detector, which is a bit spooky.
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  106. The world is full of them. I try to represent public perceptions as they are
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  107. Great job, Rosie! Love the explanation and numerical simulation. I’m taking a second crack at this one this week to explain what went down with the bet.
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  108. Do you speak another language? You should now be able to submit translated titles, descriptions and subtitles for all of my videos. Thank you to everyone who has submitted translations! 1 in 50 views on this channel uses non-English subtitles. Click the gear (where resolutions are) > Subtitles > Add Subtitles
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  109. Use code veritasium at https://incogni.com/veritasium to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan.
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  110. So the most common question seems to be: how do we know the magnetic field isn't creating this result by interacting with the electrodes and wires in the cap? The truth is that while the magnetic field is changing there is induction in the cap and you can see this as an orange blob 10:12 - However after the field stops changing, there is no more induction and this is the time when the response is measured for decreases in alpha power.
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  111. #unscripted
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  112. Fight the data brokers with Incogni. Head over to incogni.com/veritasium to get 60% off your annual subscription.
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  113. Thanks Destin! See you soon!!
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  114. Sometimes he was back there and sometimes he was right beside her. Either way, they had to pass notes.
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  115. On this day in 1927, Werner Heisenberg first proposed his famous uncertainty principle. Though the date of this discovery is known with precision, Heisenberg's whereabouts at the time remain a matter of speculation. ;) Check out my video on a counter-intuitive demonstration of the uncertainty principle. Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle Explained
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  116. If you enjoyed this video and want to go deeper, you'll find an exclusive bonus video on our Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/posts/amelia-earhart-116754675
    696
  117. It's interesting how few people have observed this phenomenon - not even a bump on your ice cubes?
    691
  118. Try out Saily by heading to https://saily.com/veritasium and remember to use coupon code veritasium to get 15% off your first purchase.
    678
  119. The ways you can watch: - From the Vitamania website for a few bucks (now with PayPal option) - Via Curiosity Stream subscription or one week free trial - Australia: SBS on demand - France and Germany: ARTE (Sept 25) - iTunes, Amazon, Microsoft
    663
  120. Loving the great comments and discussion on this video. You guys rock! Now I'm off to the airport. Phoenix in 24 hours...
    647
  121. and working on making them more beautiful
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  122. Benjamin Killeen Thanks for your thoughtful remarks. This is my truth. You may disagree and that's cool. I think it is scientific fact that your brain is responsible for your consciousness. If your brain stops functioning I'd say your consciousness stops too. This is logical but there's a chance it's wrong. Just like everything in science it is true as far as we can tell, but one day it might be overturned.
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  123. Beautiful shots! Did you try dropping the water on the surface with the speaker vibrating but at a lower amplitude so there were no Faraday waves?
    626
  124. I have a character arc 😂. The first lighting was the one in the conference room. Second was CuO. Eventually I lit two at a time for the tap time test.
    623
  125. Get an exclusive 15% discount on Saily data plans! Use code veritasium at checkout. Download the Saily app, or go to https://saily.com/veritasium
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  126. In case you don't want to read the description: we repeated this experiment at least three times in each hemisphere and saw the same effect every time. We were in fact replicating an experiment conducted at MIT and in the southern hemisphere in the 1960s which used an almost identical setup and got the same results. If you are not convinced by our findings we invite you to prove us wrong. Thanks for watching!
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  127. NEW VIDEO! The comment section is packed with great ideas! ... and also some less great ideas. A stream of water is not attracted to a charged object because water is a polar molecule!
    576
  128. go through the square people pipe Destin! I learned a lot about black holes in making this video...
    564
  129. +AndrySarvy precisely!
    559
  130. lol to anyone saying this was AI. I need to introduce you to our illustrators and animators. The team has grown and they all worked incredibly hard to make this video.
    542
  131.  @eagleleft  never took money from Bill Gates or any of his organizations (except MSFT 6 years ago)
    537
  132. NOTE: you must email someone you know personally, that means someone you have met in person that you know and they know you.
    518
  133. I’m working with a great team now.
    517
  134. thank you!
    498
  135. This logically felt like the second video in the mass/weight trilogy. The finale will be the demise of the platinum-iridium cylinder
    487
  136. Came for the wormhole challenge. Stayed for the ridicule of Ben Stein.
    486
  137. UBER MENSCH unless you have a waterproof phone and now listen to podcasts in the shower
    484
  138. If you enjoyed this video and want to go deeper, you'll find bonus content on Patreon, featuring the full interview with Prof. Steven Strogatz https://www.patreon.com/posts/principle-of-116042877
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  139. If the documentary is not scheduled for your country, contact a local broadcaster or www.genepoolproductions.com - they will try to make it available. After broadcast it will be available via PBS.org and sbs.com.au geoblocked for the US and Australia, respectively
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  140. I had the same thought when he's talking about the Bi-nomial, two terms, 1 and x, bi - two nominals...
    481
  141. Thank you for saying - I really appreciate your support!
    481
  142. The biggest misconception about the Magnus Effect is that it is just a consequence of Bernoulli's principle. It's not. This can be demonstrated by varying the surface roughness of the ball. Smooth balls can actually curve in the opposite direction due to the 'reverse Magnus effect' because flow over one side is laminar while the other is turbulent. This is a great reference on the shortcomings of Bernoulli's principle explanations: http://math.mit.edu/~bush/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Beautiful-Game-2013.pdf
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  143. "the railing cannot possibly have an effect on the weight until the chain is fully stretched" - I disagree. Consider a whip - the tip goes faster than the speed of sound by first throwing the whip out and then pulling back. This pulling back accelerates the tip before the the whip is fully extended.
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  144. Good call - he was credited in the description but I've now put an on-screen shout-out and a card linking to the video.
    460
  145. NOTE: this video was previously unlisted. I made it public so it's easier to find - I didn't expect it to go out to subs again but apparently that's what happened - sorry!
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  146. Haha, I thought about this and maybe should have mentioned in the video. I recorded those clips earlier because I wanted to be able to show them to people later - I wanted the truth and I also wanted those clips to mean something. A lot of being a creator is an act of hope. Every video is created in hope - that people will actually see it, that they will understand your point, that the video will make a meaningful and positive difference in the world.
    456
  147. +Physics Girl I did until you changed my perspective
    453
  148. NOTE: The number of base pairs in the human genome is often quoted as 3,000,000,000 but this is for 23 chromosomes. Human cells are diploid, containing two copies of each chromosome, so there really are 6,000,000,000 base pairs in every cell.
    451
  149. +Matthew C oh, ho ho. That equality is nonsense. Experiment well conducted.
    451
  150. This deserves upvoting. Thanks for the post!
    450
  151. I think the little graphene crystals in graphite are tiny so when the pencil breaks, you are separating these crystals rather than breaking any of them.
    429
  152. vsauce rocks!!!
    428
  153. Um, are you trolling? I've already discussed in these comments how the scale of a tennis ball and basketball is almost perfect.
    413
  154. Keep up the great work, Alex and Team Astrum!
    407
  155.  @mkj161996  thanks for this considered comment, I appreciate it.
    398
  156. they are all electromagnetic radiation, which we sometimes refer to generally as 'light' but I think most people think visible light when we just say 'light'.
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  157. I think the look on my face after that says 'does not compute'
    383
  158. +elliot Melcer that was the only take! I only had four bars so I just pressed on
    380
  159. I disagree and that's why I made it!
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  160. You know I'm screenshotting this comment to send to Derek right? -- Petr
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  161. In case you're wondering, the recent title/thumb change seems to be effective - from "We Need to Talk About Clickbait [It's Important. I'll Explain With Data]" to "Clickbait is Unreasonably Effective [Here's The Proof]"... The problem is I know a bunch of you are clicking on this video to comment on the title and thumbnail change so that looks like a spike in engagement but then you comment and leave, which may make YT think the new title no longer appropriately represents the video. ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
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  162. haha I always thought the right title for this was Flamethrower vs Aerogel, yes I know it's not technically a flamethrower but it throws flames so ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
    372
  163. Use code veritasium at https://incogni.com/veritasium to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan.
    369
  164. I like how you pick the Fahrenheit range to compare with Celsius, but depending on where you live, most temperatures fall into the -40C to +40C range, which has a nice symmetry to it, from very cold to very hot. And the sign change happens when rain changes to snow, puddles freeze, frost forms etc.
    357
  165. There was so much traffic we crashed the web site! http://www.genepoolproductions.com But it's back up now so if you want to request the documentary gets broadcast in your area, contact them. Thanks for all your support!
    352
  166. +SmarterEveryDay thanks Destin! And next time I'm in a helicopter I hope you're with me
    350
  167. "Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire." - William Butler Yeats
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  168.  @greenkid336600  there was no shifting gears during a run (there's no control for it). I think you could gear it at slightly different ratios for different conditions.
    345
  169. Try CodeRabbit for free at - https://coderabbit.link/veritasium to ship faster without compromising quality.
    338
  170. Strange fact I learned when I was researching this - some people sneeze when they've eaten a lot (when their stomach is very full). Do any of you have that? For some reason this seems weirder to me than sun sneezing.
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  171. haters! haha, I meant to use this video as an intro to Newton's laws. Then I never got around to doing the real laws. I guess I did do one for Newton's third...
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  172.  @johnborton4522  Thanks John! And thanks for your hard work.
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  173. We couldn’t find a historical description of the flask, but we thought maybe it had a piston in it so it could compress the volume with depth.
    324
  174. It’s a wide world. I live under multiple rocks.
    323
  175. but that's not Grey! That is Chris Cassella co-founder of ScienceAlert, the biggest science news page on FB. Grey was in the passenger seat
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  176. Haha, if you're going to invest your time in something, may as well make it something worthwhile
    319
  177. It sure does. Like in your video about precision measurement, who needs to measure a millionth of an inch? But sometimes you really do.
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  178. I'm answering questions here and also in a Reddit /askscience with the MIT prof who did this research: http://bit.ly/VeRoil
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  179. Hey, I'm not saying it's easy or that it will definitely work. Just be careful before you add your name to the list of naysayers we look back on through history who thought certain things were impossible (e.g. powered flight) or just not going to happen (e.g. personal computers).
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  180. +Tenebrous | Zєαℓσυѕ Topanga Canyon, California
    302
  181. The next video with feature SmarterEveryDay and it will be ridiculously awesome. We will hopefully have it up next week. Stay tuned!
    302
  182. +Lord Marcellus it's coming!
    302
  183.  @richardross1166  yeah, I had a harness on plus the seatbelt.
    301
  184. Thank you! 37 would have been much cooler though...
    300
  185. Because it wasn't at equilibrium before you shook it. This could be due to a temp change etc.
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  186.  @benschofield1361  and you have a standing offer from me to compensate you for your sacrifice.
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  187. I think this might be saying the same thing in a different way. The fastest molecules carry away the energy with them.
    293
  188. +alteragnostik if space is expanding the particles aren't traveling through local space faster than c so there's no violation of relativity. But on a global scale objects are moving apart faster than c just as they are today if you pick two objects far enough apart
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  189. haha, well I'm not paid so you come to your own conclusions.
    290
  190. Because: old media
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  191. it's not sustainable. I'm gonna need a break after this.
    285
  192. there was a phone poll of a representative sample of 1500 Australians. I just went out to see if you could find these people on the street. Turns out you can.
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  193. thank you!
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  194. https://www.cs.cornell.edu/~shmat/courses/cs6431/zhuang.pdf
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  195. haha for the record there was an interpreter on the call. I could only really nod when she told me what he was saying. She had her camera off.
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  196. So excited to be part of the science dream team!
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  197. 🤣
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  198. It's interesting to see the replies to your question. I would say no, unless you want to interpret the video that way. This video is about systems: the internet, social media, and the human mind primarily and how their particular tendencies have led us to a world in which the truth seems to have less value.
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  199. My latest video was filmed near Bristol by the creator of Numberphile Sixty Symbols ***** and more. Brady even makes a cameo at the end of the video. Thanks man!
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  200. +Dave Webster if this were in the UV it would be a problem - that's why they use longer wavelengths
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  201. The survey was done of a representative sample of 1500 Australians. I'm sure there was a margin of error of a couple percent. This gave us the motivation to ask some people on the street and see if it was really true.
    258
  202. maybe a follow-up video...
    257
  203. Joan Glanville tourists are allowed in with a guide, which can make it a bit expensive.
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  204. YipYapYoup yeah, it dances around the edges. If you look carefully when I insert the VHS tape into the VCR it says pt.1? So if there is a part 2 this will be a more central focus. The fundamental problem is data. But part of it is as addressed here, converting images into electrical signals is much more complicated than optically recording images on film.
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  205. casualmelvie someone called me VSauce yesterday in the airport
    248
  206. Thanks so much! ❤
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  207. Video bomb FTW!
    243
  208. I started a new channel: http://ve42.co/Sc And I'm hiring people to help me make it: http://ve42.co/JoinUs Submit ideas: http://ve42.co/GotIdeas
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  209. If you enjoyed this video and want to go deeper, you'll find exclusive behind-the-scenes bonus content over on our Patreon https://www.patreon.com/posts/119438561
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  210. The research group at Sydney Uni where I did my PhD wants to collect some data on these riddles to see if you learned anything. If you have 2 min, please complete this survey: http://ve42.co/Rresearch
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  211. maybe at some point...
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  212. +SmarterEveryDay yeah, I thought that was fascinating- not only did they have to map it, they then had to calculate what it would be at the center of mass including the influence of the balance itself
    226
  213. My favorite Samy line...
    225
  214. Me too!
    223
  215. Yup! Oslo for the proposal
    222
  216. the guy who never uploads anything It probably doesn't cause anything else because 1. microwaves are non-ionizing, 2. the levels emitted by a phone are so low, and 3. if it did cause a significant increase in risk over a 5-10 year time-scale we would have evidence for this effect by now.
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  217. This video is appropriate for the height from which the objects are dropped. Of course from 100m air resistance becomes significant. So a result that applies to one situation does not necessarily apply to others. In science we must be careful about generalising our findings to different situations where our assumptions may no longer be valid.
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  218. I think this is a fair point.
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  219. haha, yeah I had other takes with ~200m but this one was better I think...
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  220. More than last year ;)
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  221. I was raised in Canada, which is a bit of a hodgepodge when it comes to units. We worked in Imperial doing the construction and the old studies were done in Imperial too...
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  222. probably not. The tensile strength is 6000psi, much greater than the 14.7psi of the atmosphere
    199
  223. That was actually filmed in 2012! I've been sitting on this footage for a looooonning time
    198
  224. You sure there isn't a similar tendency on the right side of the fence? I think insulting people's intelligence happens on the right too - just saying, it's a global problem.
    196
  225. I have friends in Iceland ;)
    195
  226. If you're having trouble syncing up the videos here's a pro tip from Destin: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hSK0lm9ZQgA
    194
  227. This is not bad! I like it, will forward to Brady for approval.
    193
  228. Ric Rac You're getting smarter every day! Wait... uh.. veritasiumer every day!
    192
  229. lol
    192
  230. Gradually!
    192
  231. Apologies for the typo. Research shows being forced to make a prediction results in far more learning than just watching a demo. Therefore I will trade your dislike of this format for more learning for all :)
    191
  232. well spotted sir.
    191
  233. have now fixed the subtitle in the video captions - thanks for letting me know!
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  234. https://www.buzzfeed.com/craigsilverman/viral-fake-election-news-outperformed-real-news-on-facebook?utm_term=.dfawP5w30#.yx4ykzyM4
    183
  235. +Tristan Hoekstra Nice!
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  236. no, actually. The radioisotopes they breathe in are alpha emitters. Alpha particles rip through cells and get stuck in tissues so you can't detect them outside the body. This is the same reason they had trouble diagnosing Alexander Litvinenko when he was poisoned using Po-210
    176
  237. You know your point about "in the upper 70s" "low 50s" suggests a scale with too many divisions. Since you don't really care if the temp is 78 or 79, you may as well go with a scale that has larger degrees.
    175
  238. hahaha he lives not far from my house...
    173
  239. +BeyondSlowMotion thanks for getting these amazing shots!
    171
  240. looks like a parabola, doesn't it? I haven't really thought about it so I'm not sure.
    171
  241. this is a super fast turn around for me. I went straight from the livestream back here to edit.
    171
  242. Thanks for your suggestion! I'd be happy to make the kit bigger if this one is supported
    166
  243. I feel you
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  244. a. yes I chose the title, and then I chose not to answer it fully and completely because this was a video about regression to the mean. It was not titled that because the people who need to learn about regression to the mean will not click on a video with that title. b. the story about the Israeli fighter pilots was just that, a story, a jumping off point for thinking about reward, punishment and regression to the mean.
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  245. Thanks for watching! Glad we could help cross this off your list! How serious are you about the pizza?
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  246. haha - I'm glad you appreciated that! This was one of the 11th hour changes. The issue was spotted by my 2D animator, Ivàn and thankfully rushed through VFX artist Jonny to make it into the video at about midnight last night. I cut my line "just 640 light-years away" and put the new text on screen. When we filmed this the news hadn't broken yet.
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  247. I'd like to do something on Tesla but I've missed it and things are rather busy at the moment. But at some point I will!
    154
  248. Ironically enough I don't have a good backup for this title and thumbnail. I was confident that this was the best way to represent the video so it's what I'm rolling out with. If anyone has ideas for better titles and thumbnails please reply with them!
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  249. my pleasure
    153
  250. I was a teacher and this is a kind of teaching but I can reach more “students” than in a standard class
    153
  251. +MKzer0 I take your point but I'm sure they are permitting the old fashioned form of genetically modified seeds
    152
  252. +Hawicky put it in a day earlier and it would diffuse throughout the pool
    150
  253. I love all the speculation. The answer is the Santa Monica Mountains. I think in some drone shots you can see the westside of LA and south bay.
    149
  254. e10byagrue I’m a dad now.
    149
  255. Congratulations John! Looking forward to reading it.
    148
  256. I think you mean like an ad. And it is sponsored. But it is also published peer reviewed science.
    148
  257. and no one really does... That's the problem. Particles have angular momentum and direction but they're not really spinning like a classical object.
    146
  258. sKebess this video is not about religion. I think there are plenty of agnostics and atheists who have the same delusion. I constantly have to remind myself about this because the delusion is so seductive. So it is an honest reflection on what I was thinking and feeling in Chernobyl. There is no agenda here to convert people. I am simply speaking my truth quietly and clearly.
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  259. I am proud of this video. I have read many of your comments below and I know some of the music, animation and pacing are different than what you expect from me. I get that. I still think at its core this video is a fascinating, surprising, educational story. My one request is that you give it a chance.
    144
  260. I’m sorry you had to compromise your editorial like this. They wanted us to make a video about the zoom call. I said no, I want to ride in a vehicle. They said: well you can sign up as a regular member of the public and make your own way to Phoenix. So I did. On the day, they didn’t provide any assistance while I was filming in the car, which is why I called support to see if I could just stay in the vehicle - not “because I was having so much fun,” as Tom speculates but because I was filming a YouTube video with a bunch of gear. I told Tom this, but he didn’t care to correct his version. They didn’t interfere with my editorial. I sent them the video only once and they requested two additions: on screen links to their website. I stand by my claims in the video and I believe the evidence supports my position, which is why Tom resorted to distortions and falsehoods to support his claim of bias: - AVs won’t improve traffic - AVs won’t reduce road deaths - AVs won’t increase vehicle utilization rates If Tom disagrees with me on these points, we could have a discussion. But instead he chose to attack my credibility, like my opinion can be bought. He knew full well I made a very similar video about AVs 4 years previous. I would never insinuate Tom is a clout chaser who tries to tear down big youtubers for views, while parroting VPN talking points he knows are false. I wouldn’t do that - I’d engage with his arguments instead.
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  261. I was stoked to be on it!
    144
  262. More accurately, I’ve discovered talented animators (credits in description)
    144
  263. +Andika Raditya kinda like that just instead of moving ball, stationary fluid it's moving fluid, stationary ball
    142
  264. +Polly The Parrot that's what I call productination!
    142
  265. This briefly got a mention in my turbulent flow video: dead fish swim upstream
    142
  266. Thanks for these insights!
    142
  267. 🌏Get exclusive NordVPN deal here ➵ https://NordVPN.com/veritasium It’s risk free with Nord’s 30 day money-back guarantee!✌
    141
  268. Wiejeben what you didn't see was the tens of fails that occurred before we got one to work. That's the reason for the excitement
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  269. it's not really meant to be, so that's part of the experiment.
    140
  270. to get a bass would have required a larger budget than I have...
    140
  271. +ICACISTHEBEST thanks! I did everything in the video including editing. I had some thin gloves on sometimes but anything thicker made it hard to operate
    139
  272.  @lexingtonconcord8751  you have to ignore air resistance. If our planet didn’t have an atmosphere then skydivers wouldn’t feel wind in their face (also they’d have other problems) but the point is the atmosphere is a distraction from the underlying physics.
    137
  273. To be clear, BMW asked me what I wanted to talk about and I said electric cars. Putting aside the whole environmental aspect, they are just better cars.
    134
  274. Corey Lando YouTube! No need for segues. The mud volcano stuff was just cool, and yes it doesn't add much to the story, except explaining how that basin formed so far below sea level. But it's just cool.
    133
  275. confusion is good - it's the start of learning!
    131
  276. fatchicken18 correct. Some people picked D. or E...
    130
  277. IceGene this was a video specifically about Chernobyl - the other video was an overview of levels of radiation.
    130
  278. I thought about it but it's lame for the subs
    130
  279. These sound like good experiments - you should do them!! (and report what happens)
    130
  280. +Dragon Skunk but the point is people concluded it was cold welding - they thought it was going to be a big problem. They even made one part of the hinge out of titanium and the other out of aluminum
    129
  281. How do I dispel this legend?
    129
  282. Maurice Welter haha yeah some people picked D. or E...
    128
  283. Thanks man - you rock!
    127
  284. no, it really is true. Do the experiment. You can see in this video that they certainly do not land half a second apart. Things like not being dropped perfectly simultaneously and from the exact same height play a bigger role in this case than air resistance.
    126
  285.  @Necessarius  Monday, Wednesday and Friday are clearly odd. Tuesday, Thursday and Sunday are clearly even. Saturday? Feels even too.
    123
  286. I'm on it.
    122
  287. thanks man!
    121
  288. If I had a way to make a revolution succeed, I'd let you know!
    121
  289. Christopher McDonald true! Especially going across the Nullarbor and up in Kakadu.
    120
  290. Get all sides of every story at https://groundnews.com/Ve - Subscribe through my link for 40% off unlimited access - your subscription helps Ground News create a more transparent political arena.
    120
  291. I see you've been watching numberphile... All good points but the number of protons is not just over half of a googol - it's much much less. Just as 10^2 is not half of 10^4 (it's 1%)
    118
  292. thanks and fixed!
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  293. Yeah, I'm amazed they pulled it off with the lockdown happening right at crunch time for getting everything set to go.
    115
  294. We had permission because I was shooting part of a show for the History Channel 2 - called Ancient Impossible.
    114
  295. Because the cost is lower to steal a fish than to get one yourself, so pirates do better if the majority are fishing, hence they become more prevalent in the population.
    114
  296. hence the illusion of truth
    114
  297. I am the one who is honoured! Thanks for your support!
    114
  298. zookatone or even 4k
    113
  299. The whole thing is an exploration and I learned a lot along the way.
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  300. That shirt was from 2005 - the international year of physics (100 years since the 'revolution'). I went looking for the shirt, couldn't find it.
    112
  301. Elliott Collins looks like it! Of course the explanation on the first one helped I think. So... hooray for learning!
    111
  302. It's the thing I stress about the most too!
    111
  303. +Volound Yes, people who lived past 15 had a very good chance of living well past 30, but you can't really cherry pick your babies when calculating life expectancy. And no, 80 year life expectancy is for babies born today (assuming mortality at all ages remains the same at each age as it is today), as I said, a very bad assumption.
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  304. Mickey Dangerez "what implications does the tower itself have as the gateway for all signals in it's vicinity? Surely it worth scrutinizing?" The truth is the levels are incredibly low even a short distance from a tower (where anyone would be living), which is why it didn't merit mentioning. I see in hindsight that many viewers have the misconception that cell towers would result in significant electromagnetic fields 10's or 100's of meters from the tower. That's simply not the case.
    109
  305. How did I miss this?
    109
  306. Yup, no one mentioned friction so I didn't deal with this, but I intended too. Think about pushing a car to get it going and then running in front and pushing it back to stop it. Now friction is helping you, but it's similarly difficult to accelerate as it is to decelerate. Cars really have very little rolling friction. Mu times the normal force doesn't really apply to something with wheels.
    108
  307. Wow, thank you so much that’s amazing! Your support is the reason we can keep up this work, glad to hear we’ve inspired you, thank you again!
    107
  308. light and gravity both have their influence propagate at the same speed. This suggests something fundamental about the fabric of space-time.
    106
  309. I was also a French horn player!
    106
  310. @boaarmpit Nice work! I hadn't even done the calculation myself but I figured it would be around 70.
    106
  311. I understand that you think this is politics Angelo, but climate change is science. The implications of this science for our planet are significant and I won't restrict myself from talking about them. We may disagree, but that's ok, dissent is fundamental to the scientific process. We only have a problem if we disrespect or attempt to censor each other.
    104
  312. we all get old. It's ok
    104
  313. +mikosoft I specifically said "no particular symptoms just not 100%" - so sure prior may be >.001 because you weren't feeling well but not much greater and that's the beauty of Bayes - the prior doesn't matter that much, and less and less as new evidence is acquired.
    104
  314. haha, but the songs aren't that popular. I have a couple more prepped, but filming them is usually quite involved
    102
  315. The electric field of the electron is incredibly spherical (meaning it has no real asymmetries). The electron itself seems to be a point particle.
    102
  316. +Overonator haha - absolutely agreed!
    101
  317. @Zooni2 actually it seems there is a thin 'water-like' layer on ice even at very cold temperatures - quite counter-intuitive
    101
  318. That's a great idea! Just googled some images and they are spectacular. I'll give it a shot.
    99
  319. it's interesting you bring this up because there is induction in the electrodes and wires while the field is changing - you can see this in the video of my alpha power as the orange blob when the stimulus is on. After the field change, though is when the response is measure so there is no longer a changing field to affect the electrodes.
    99
  320. How To Make Everything yeah I originally thought the reason for the haziness was going to be lame and ruin all the shots but I was pleasantly surprised with the Raleigh scattering answer
    98
  321. Fair call! People have been asking for refs, which are all in my thesis, google Derek Muller PhD If you're interested and I'll add the link in the description
    97
  322. Yeah, I didn't come up with that - that was the team.
    97
  323. Hey - sorry for the oversight. I very much enjoyed your video and will add your link.
    96
  324. Thank you for your support and in engagement in this question! Such a cool way of looking at it and picking apart everything about the question scientifically, thanks for this comment.
    96
  325. not only were these very high energy collisions, they were also high luminosity which means lots of collisions per second. That results in much more data, allowing better statistical discrimination of the signal from noise.
    96
  326. I'm here for you. The probability of finding a loop of 49 is 1/49 but it won't always be the longest loop because sometimes there will also be a loop of 50 or 51. The graph shows the probability that loops of different lengths will be the longest loop (which gets messy below 50). But above 50 the probability that the loop exists is the same as the probability it is the longest loop. Thinking about a 1-loop, seems absurd that the probability is 100% but you have to think of it as an expected value. Eg. in 500 arrangements of 100 numbers in boxes, you expect to find about 500 loops of length 1. They should in fact be the most common loop length. Sometimes there won't be any1-loops, many times there will be 1 and sometimes there may be 2 or 3 etc. But it will average out to 1 per arrangement.
    96
  327. that's a high compliment, sir. Thank you!
    95
  328. love this!
    94
  329. I want to believe this is true!
    94
  330. yeah that was kind of the point. I prefer being real as well.
    93
  331. video or it never happened!
    93
  332. Cara was actually there... all of these are great suggestions!
    93
  333. Thank you! Watch the Q&A, free on patreon, coming soon to have questions very similar to this answered by Casper and Derek.
    92
  334. when the coin strikes the wall of the tube or the bottom. It creates vibrations in the material which vibrate the air and can be heard as sound.
    91
  335. he cleared at least 2m on the day, and possibly 2.05m
    91
  336. Eat food. Not too much. Mostly vegetables.
    91
  337. oh the endless loop - there have been a fair number of attempted replications recently that have found pretty dismal results. When you consider they are all in agreement, that biases exist, that incentives are skewed, that .05 is not all that low, that p-hacking occurs, it is fairly unambiguous that a sizeable fraction (if not a majority) of research is actually false.
    89
  338. +It's Okay To Be Smart yup! And gifs
    89
  339. DJ Inclined I'm now using a Panasonic GH4 with 12-35mm lens
    89
  340. Deathskull0001 nope. this was everyone. A couple who spotted the exponential pattern is linked in the description.
    89
  341. Thank you very much for supporting what we do, we're very glad you learnt something from this video and hope you continue to enjoy the content we provide :)
    89
  342. There were wheels in Egypt but not at the time when the pyramids were built. Wheels came much later.
    88
  343. It’s been a while but I think you saw everyone we filmed with (though not all parts of the interaction). I remember one or two people taking the bet at 10 for 10, like the guys at the end who win.
    88
  344. When I have more good ideas, I'll do more. It's tough to find problems that are interesting, that everyone hasn't heard already etc.
    87
  345. +Urssich lol yes sorry! Just divide by 2.2. To be fair a lot of it is in Newtons
    86
  346. to be clear, this is not sponsored content. Otherwise it would be labelled as such.
    84
  347. Thanks for your thoughtful comment. Perhaps I didn't express myself as clearly as I would have liked in the video so let me add some clarifications: Some things are a matter of opinion and cannot be established with evidence. I am not talking about those things. Some things are true but can be presented with bias or an editorial slant. I am not talking about that either. Some things are factually incorrect and can clearly be demonstrated as such. These are the things I am talking about. That is my defintion of "fake news," regardless of any political slant the fake news may have. The truth is not just "what I agree with," it is those things that can be demonstrably shown to be true. "you've again made it into a moral question about what people SHOULD be consuming according to you" - nope, what I think people SHOULD consume is whatever they want. What I think algorithms should do is promote not just what gets engagement but also what is factually accurate (where that can be established). And you seem to agree that the algorithms are currently a problem. I'm just suggesting a minor tweak: "Facebook and other platforms feeding you things you already agree with and that's a problem." Isn't what I'm suggesting a potential improvement? If the algorithm serves not just what you agree with but also takes into account what is true. "What you're essentially asking for is intellectual homogeneity" - nope, what I'm asking for is agreement about things that are objectively true, eg. the triple point of water, the increase in global average temperatures, the rough number of people who voted illegally in an election. Would I rather spoon feed people or "have them learn to rigorously research on their own by reading 5 to 6 newspapers from different sources to piece together facts and recognize misinformation?" Obviously I would prefer if everyone were an excellent critical thinker and had time to read ALL of the information sources. But that's not practical is it? People are already "spoonfed" via twitter, instagram, youtube etc. feeds which are governed by algorithms. I'm suggesting an adjustment to the algorithms to give them a truth bias rather than solely a controversy/engagement bias. With the CNN vs Breitbart claim, you say that's not something that can "be accepted as 'objectively true'" - do you really believe that? There's no way to objectively evaluate this claim?
    84
  348. amazing that you have a python script to do it - that's advanced!
    84
  349. exactly. So no it's not sponsored.
    83
  350. Thanks Mikey! The scientist was telling me that over 10 years the time difference between the satellite and Earth would be about 0.1s so... not significantly the future but future nonetheless
    83
  351. except... except that the brain's... not... a muscle.
    82
  352. sorry! I should have double checked. I thought maybe they did things differently in old French...
    82
  353. Thank you! Stay safe!
    82
  354. Euron Kajtazi sigh.
    81
  355. ...BBQ's
    79
  356. +MaSsanSC a Panasonic GH4 for most of the normal speed shots and then a Phantom (miro?) for the slow-mo stuff
    79
  357. xDPrismshotxD you'd get a dirty tongue.
    79
  358. I know that Einstein talked about how a hot cup of tea has more mass than the same cup of tea cold. Does that answer your question? A charged battery has more mass than an uncharged one. I don't think you could find an apparatus sensitive enough to measure these differences however...
    79
  359. Thank you so much! So glad to hear you enjoyed the video!
    79
  360. yes faster than light communication is certainly thought to be impossible. As I pointed out in my video on the topic though, this form of non-locality wouldn't allow for communication
    78
  361. +Ivan Navarro I'm making these a stretch goal. I think we can make them work with springs and magnets.
    78
  362. +Cheezit034 i wish you luck!
    77
  363. right?!
    77
  364. the frame rate of the camera (25 frames per second) is such that the ball moves and changes colours while one frame is being recorded. So while the camera is recording one frame, the ball may change colour 3-4 times (in a 25th of a second)
    77
  365. experiments help us find the best one.
    77
  366. I believe it was - but they're going to make a version with all six vocalists in the group
    76
  367. If you enjoyed this video and would like to know more about miniature robots and combustion engines, head over to our Patreon for an extended interview with Cameron Aubin https://www.patreon.com/posts/patreon-mini-cut-120949318
    76
  368.  @gt0872  the chain had come off. It was windmilling here.
    76
  369. Well electrons are leptons, which makes me think of leprechauns, which are green. So I always make electrons green. Incidentally, neutrons have the neu sound, which is almost like blue, and blue is a fairly neutral inoffensive colour hence for me neutrons are blue. Protons have r as the second letter and they've got the opposite charge to electrons so for me red makes sense.
    76
  370. haha so I gave you more info on what it's about. At some point, YT will let us A/B test thumbnails and/or have real-time info about click through rate. At that point, I won't have to manually fiddle with titles and thumbnails as much.
    75
  371. +Ishank mahale woah, is this a thing like the wenis?
    74
  372. +Ijaz aslam called a Payday, like the inside of an Oh Henry
    74
  373. yes, the light would still be refracted but it's not refracted very much, so if you don't cut the light with the razor, almost all of it still goes in the camera so you don't get a very contrasty image. By cutting off half the light, you block light that has been deflected. To your point about the perfect circle - by blocking the light so close to the camera, we're not blocking only the lower half of the circle - all the light from all parts of the mirror is passing through every point on that bright spot I showed. So cutting off half the light decreased the intensity of the light overall by half rather than cutting the bottom by 100% and the top by 0%.
    74
  374. I think the wording we used was 'go around the sun'. Yes there can be confusion over 'revolve around' and orbit (which mean the same) and rotate (which is about one's axis).
    74
  375. Draktand01 FTWGamer No swirl!
    73
  376. Thank you!
    73
  377. It's not a theory. The Earth really did have cool periods and warm periods. CO2 rises and falls with these trends. But now due to the extra CO2 we are adding, the levels are far higher than they have ever naturally been. The consequence is temperatures rising, which we are seeing.
    72
  378. Thank you so much! I am always amazed by the power of the medium and by this platform and I'm delighted if my videos have been useful to you. I wish you all the best in your pursuit of physics and filmmaking!
    72
  379. haha I think I could have tried my French accent on it but for fear of embarrassment I just Anglicized it.
    72
  380. It is indeed a race to the bottom - if theory matches experiment down to 9 or 12 decimal places, it’s going to look pretty unbeatable. Up until this experiment it was good to 4 or 5 decimal places
    72
  381. He's such a pro - also had the Inspire 3 out there, and the slow mo shots from the new Freefly Ember
    72
  382. It does mean all over the world (to greater and lesser degrees depending on where you are. The fallout in the stratosphere went everywhere)
    72
  383. +Remy no, but I think I have it lying around here somewhere
    70
  384. haha, if Thunderf00t did it, it's not necessarily debunked. Check out his video on Veritasium being wrong. He ignores the literature I linked to in the description of my video. And we didn't actually disagree about much. My central point was 'the polar nature of water is not what makes a stream deflected towards a charged object.' And I pointed out that instead it was due to the presence of ions. Something established by well-controlled and published studies.
    69
  385. 9th grade is young - I'm glad you saw this now. And I wish you all the best with your endeavors!
    69
  386. this is a start.
    68
  387. nope, just trying not to get lost in the weeds of radiation doses
    67
  388. Richard Wood Are you aware that K-40 decays via beta and gamma radiation with energies of 1.33 MeV and 1.46 MeV respectively? And Cs-137 decays via beta and gamma radiation with energies of 1.18 MeV and 662 keV? It's not a false equivalence. That's why people use the banana equivalent dose.
    67
  389. Fred Krimmelbein Thanks for your thoughtful comments. I like that you disagree respectfully.
    66
  390. not so sure pilot wave theories are the standard way to teach. We certainly talk about wave-particle duality and wave functions, but when it comes to "what's really going on," the idea that particles are bouncing on waves and being deflected is less well taught
    66
  391. If you don't like it, just don't watch it.
    66
  392. that was my intention when I did the edit! Well played.
    66
  393. Thank you very much for your support and your kind words! Never feel like you have to donate anything and no amount is to be snuffed at. Thank you again and with support like your we can continue to make educational content for all!
    66
  394. yeah looking back and cringing is the surest sign of growth. So I must have done a lot of growing :D
    65
  395. sometimes we are economical with language - it saves listing all the components individually. Is there a better way to say it? I don't imagine most people have difficulty understanding that the air is composed of a variety of different molecules and atoms.
    65
  396. Thank you! I’ve been there. And good luck!
    65
  397. Great comment! I love how this Youtube comment section looks like nothing else on the platform.
    64
  398. Right - the water coming out of the balls represents mass, that was being converted to energy, which would be released in the form of gamma rays, which bounce around inside the sun for a long time being transformed into more photons of longer wavelengths before being radiated from the surface of the sun as mostly visible light.
    64
  399. that's the thinking - maybe zero point fields are making the particles bounce around
    63
  400. I'll call Destin
    62
  401. at least you're seeing them now! Check back for updates.
    62
  402. Lucas Dawdy depending on where you live, you probably receive 5-10 microsieverts per day, so where talking a dental x-ray worth daily due to natural sources. Some places have significantly elevated levels, e.g. Colorado because of its altitude and higher concentration of uranium in soils and rocks.
    62
  403. Actually his name was William Thomson and in 1892 he became the first Baron Kelvin
    62
  404. SmarterEveryDay Thanks Destin! This took almost as much time to film as our toilet swirl collab!!
    60
  405. Yeah I think the video will make it more clear. I'm trying to wrap my head around it as well. Virtual particles are just one way to think about what a field is doing, and it helps us perform the calculations and get the right answer. In these ways they are useful, but their connection to reality is not immediately obvious.
    60
  406. The Newtonian model of gravity is "very bad"?! It works incredibly well, including for things like getting us to the moon etc. Yes General Relativity better fits observations in extreme environments or those made with extremely high precision but it's also vastly more complicated. I'd be happy if most people at least had a decent Newtonian view of the world.
    60
  407. Thanks Mike, I'll put a link in the description.
    60
  408. Thanks man. That's my goal.
    59
  409. +ThioJoe precisely!
    59
  410. It's intentionally a drop tower - located outside of Perth in Western Australia
    59
  411. We weren't satisfied either! Thank you and glad to hear you learnt something :)
    59
  412. @BeeSolomona The space station isn't moving at escape velocity but at orbital velocity. If it were at escape velocity, it would actually leave the Earth and never come back. For orbital velocity, the force of gravity IS strong enough to pull you 'down'. It's just that you're going so fast that 'down' is never in the same direction. If you swirl a ball in a horizontal circle above your head, you are always pulling the ball in. But the ball never comes in because it's going so fast tangentially.
    59
  413. I mentioned this to Destin and without skipping a beat he was like 'want me to shoot something at 28,000 fps?'
    59
  414. We debated how to do this. We wanted to show all the math in case someone wanted to step through it, but we didn’t want to get bogged down in it and lose people so this was our compromise.
    59
  415. I ordered the largest chinese lantern I could find (diameter = 0.9m) then I spraypainted it, cut a larger hole out of the bottom and arm holes. Pasted the lettering on the front and used velcro to stick styrofoam balls to the outside. Enjoy!
    59
  416. For loops shorter than 50 you have to think of probability like expected value - you expect to find on average 1 loop of length 1 in any random arrangement of 100 slips in boxes. Sometimes there will be none, often 1, and sometimes 2, or 3 or more. But it should average out to one per arrangement. The plot at 9:25 shows something slightly different - the probability that a loop of length L is the longest loop. Above L=50 a loop is guaranteed to be longest. Below 50, there may be longer loops.
    58
  417.  @schregen  It definitely made me feel weird on my first flight.
    58
  418. I was at the beach for that one, but I’ll give it to you
    58
  419. but... pilot wave theories are explicitly non-local, meaning they require interactions faster than the speed of light. This is because they take the position that objects really exist when you're not looking at them. Statistical interpretations try to get around this by denying the existence (or otherwise ignoring) what's happening when you're not measuring.
    57
  420. Saying "non-evidence based" is not mocking, it's describing a belief system, specifically one based on faith rather than evidence. So I think I do grasp the idea of faith and this video has nothing to do with faith. I would never with 100% certainty say all religions are made up, just as I would never say anything with complete certainty.
    57
  421. haha this is obviously something they wouldn't want me to do. There are other anti-dandruff products that use the same active ingredients (you can just check the label). H&S claims their formulation provides the best implementation of these actives. I was simply making a video about what causes dandruff (supported by independent 3rd party researchers) and how it can be remedied by controlling Malassezia metabolism (again backed up by peer-reviewed research).
    56
  422. Tom Nicholas cherry-picked a quote to imply the NTSB blamed automation but here are the actual words from the report: “The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) determined that the probable cause of this accident was the flight crew’s mismanagement of the airplane’s descent during the visual approach, the Pilot Flying’s unintended deactivation of automatic airspeed control, the flight crew’s inadequate monitoring of airspeed, and the flight crew’s delayed execution of a go-around after they became aware that the airplane was below acceptable glidepath and airspeed tolerances.” Who is actually spreading misinformation?
    56
  423. I thought about the quantum mechanical aspects of dye as well. But I do love atomic emission spectra. I will definitely think about revisiting the QM of pigments in future.
    56
  424. thank you! I should let you know it's unsustainable. I need to get more sleep so the pace will slow down a bit and I'm taking the month of January off to spend time with my family. But I'm glad the hard work is appreciated!
    56
  425. It was apparently 800V, so you can do the math on the resistance ;)
    56
  426. +Daniel Maguire yes
    55
  427. It's one of my favourite books and the inspiration for this video - it brings together so many diverse human behaviours and explains them with just a few simple principles.
    55
  428. +Don Al Capone for a lot of people, a story rather than a statistically significant result is more convincing.
    55
  429. distilled water still contains ions because it dissociates into H+ and OH- so even pure water would work in this apparatus.
    55
  430. Thank you! That sounds like a great idea, for any video recommendations please email contact@veritasium.com
    55
  431. Yes, I was thinking of the novel by Chinua Achebe, which draws its title from that poem
    54
  432. Thanks for the clarifications - we’re talking about how there is more steel in the head of the rails - so heat is conducted faster there than through the rest of the rail.
    54
  433. I came here to say this.
    54
  434. Bring back the dislikes! A useful tool for quickly gauging the helpfulness of a video.
    54
  435. Woooohooooooooo!!!
    53
  436. You know that's what happens at the end of the video right?
    52
  437. AeroSpaceNews.com I think the dislike is an indication of disagreement so I guess this level of dislike is to be expected on a video with this perspective. The like comments are also significantly greater than usual as a fraction of views, so this is a video that evokes a passionate response one way or another.
    52
  438. +HungryCupcake I debated this for a while. I think is sounds better
    52
  439. It's a name that rhymes with one. I wanted the names to easily be associated with the systems they represent. I also liked the idea of quickness that Gun is associated with.
    52
  440. I'll take the last point on board. Seems like too much upkeep for me anyway.
    52
  441. haha - that's kind of how I felt when I found out about all of this!
    52
  442. I've got a really good animator who put these together in the middle of the night. I think that's essential for understanding how this works.
    52
  443. Wow - thank you for giving the riddles a shot! I think I got some of these wrong the first time I heard them.
    51
  444. +Aron Feher thanks! And stay positive - the future of science depends on the current PhD students
    51
  445. The credit was in the description from upload. It would be stupid to make a video so obviously inspired by the book and not cite it.
    51
  446. I'm not really editing correct answers away. Two people had partial answers for me. This is just the nature of the public awareness of science.
    51
  447. haha - it's his actual office (he took a picture of it)
    51
  448.  @papalegba6759  Of course I checked.
    51
  449. @jonkuh haha so you had to commit to an answer before seeing what happened. Studies have shown that demonstrations with predictions are much more effective for learning.
    51
  450. Whoa! This inspires me. I wish you all the best!
    50
  451. seems like they had to try pretty hard for that one
    49
  452. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed it
    49
  453.  @benhanley4663  thanks for watching again!
    49
  454. acapellascience I really feel like they are. I had that same mentality all the way through thinking I had to accomplish the next thing. I remember when I was 25 thinking I’d be more grown up by then but I’d been in school my whole life. That time I think was the trickiest transition.
    49
  455. @scoutmasterkb28 you could think about Bernoulli's in the region immediately surrounding the ball in which case you would say the faster moving air on one side (in the example it would be on top) results in lower pressure than on the other side so this difference in pressure puts a force on the ball - so this is a valid explanation.
    49
  456. Interesting view - Newton was an epic genius and for over a thousand years before him everyone on Earth held ideas similar to those created in the video. The other thing is that we have accumulated ways of talking about science, and methods of doing science that are useful to learn so you can be part of the scientific community. It's also quicker to learn this way, which helps us make faster progress.
    49
  457. Glad you like them!
    49
  458. +HONORGUARD308 honestly I have no idea - but you should ask the army. There must be a way to study at the same time
    48
  459. You know they did consider it. But decided against it probably because it would require slightly modifying all the existing metric items (eg. machinery, nut/bolt standards etc).
    48
  460. +L Delivery Guy now we're getting to the heart of the matter. It's tough to get everyone onto the same definition of when a liquid is viscous enough to be a solid but 10^13 P seems to be a reasonable cutoff and glass is around 10^22 P
    48
  461. I believe the upgrade to 1MW they're implementing right now. The 1064 nm lasers have excellent stability, low noise and they are not huge - this makes them ideal for this purpose. BTW older g-wave interferometers used green lasers (that's why Rana's glasses were green).
    48
  462. +BrightSkyFire 42 likes on this comment, so I won't like it ;)
    48
  463. I try to accurately represent the ideas of virtually everyone I interview.
    48
  464.  @SaraMakesArt  I only heard about that the other night - no one told me before they injected me with it. I definitely felt strange.
    48
  465. You know how hard it is to get scientists to agree about anything? A consensus doesn't mean it's true but it sure points in that direction.
    47
  466. evolution doesn't have a purpose - it's just the description of a natural process.
    47
  467. Is this comment for this video? I’m trying to remember other unsafe things I’ve done...
    47
  468. Thank you - that's high praise!
    46
  469. +Isaac Thefallenapple haha
    46
  470. air changes quite dramatically at high speeds. At low speed, it can be treated as fairly incompressible but if you go past the speed of sound you have to deal with shockwaves - boundaries across which the pressure changes dramatically. I can't speak to the exact wingshapes but that's why one design doesn't work for all regimes.
    46
  471. it'll be even better if InSight sticks the landing!
    46
  472. it's hardly a trend - my last two are about beautiful visual things. This one needed some equations. I try to use the best tools to explain each concept
    44
  473. peter North That's the spirit!
    44
  474. +Jeffery Liggett haha I thought about telling more, but I didn't want to reveal any spoilers. I thought about telling you about what happens on page one but it's pretty big... hence 'catastrophic event'
    44
  475. Thanks Mikey - I really like this video too! We need to do our ants collab!!
    44
  476. I read it - and I wish you luck!
    44
  477. I tend to think it has to do with capillary action (or something like it). For a mechanical pump there should be no difference because pressure is independent of area.
    44
  478. Super interesting feedback, thanks for sharing
    44
  479. Thank you! I was filming a three hour documentary when I wasn’t shooting this...
    44
  480. I didn't understand it either - particularly the paths of the light (hence the visuals in my spinning black holes video). It took me days to really untangle what was going on so I'm glad you got it now too!
    44
  481. just wait for the sequel
    43
  482. thanks man!
    43
  483. me neither! I worked my butt off for this. But this was in the early days when I didn't have many subs. Plus the 30sec old school intro may turn people away. I'm not sure. But spread the word!!
    43
  484. I was so happy to be going faster than the wind, and it you watch there’s another guy standing with reflective tape so I wanted to pass him going faster than the wind too.
    43
  485. appreciate your support! Also for the record I had been doing a variety of arm exercises before I challenged Henry so my muscles were fatigued.
    43
  486. Think there are 10^-7 mol/L hydronium ions in pure water (that's why pH = 7 right?) - the explanation in the video is that small imbalances in charge can be amplified by this apparatus through induction
    42
  487. Seegal Galguntijak I'm told they're using the guy who normally dubs Ryan Gosling.
    42
  488. Taldren it is not just Bernoulli's principle. To find out why not check this out: http://math.mit.edu/~bush/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Beautiful-Game-2013.pdf
    42
  489. Earth does indeed revolve around the sun and it rotates about its axis. If you're correcting others, please make sure you're right first.
    42
  490. I thought there were more males. There certainly are more watching these videos.
    41
  491. details! email me at this handle at gmail
    41
  492. Apologies! It was a really quick fly in, shoot and fly out trip. I did mention it on Instagram and twitter - it was this past January.
    41
  493. there was one last week!
    41
  494. what did you think? Copenhagen or pilot wave?
    41
  495. Thank you! What's even cooler is the DLP projectors that flash different coloured images on a screen red then green then blue so fast that we perceive the colours as being mixed.
    41
  496. yes we came across this in our research. We thought about mentioning her limited training with the new loop - I don't even think they had a user's manual. But we left this detail out of the script. Another interesting note - the loop on the Itasca may have been very similar (or in fact identical) to Earhart's.
    41
  497. @zebruh Since posting this video, I have been informed by a very reliable source that surface chemists have recently come to the conclusion that the surface layer or two of water molecules in ice are naturally quite 'liquid-like', so although it's true increasing the pressure decreases the melting point, it is not the only reason ice is slippery.
    41
  498. me too!
    40
  499. I appreciate your opinions Richard, even if we disagree on certain topics. My goal in this video was to talk about a set of systems: the internet, social media, the human brain and how their natural tendencies have led us to where we are today. Sure, I have my biases and my opinions and I respect that others have theirs. What I hope is that we can find a way to converge around the facts (where those can be established - and I agree with you that's not always the case).
    40
  500. Yes! And I'll need a source to make IR hmmm....
    40
  501. Thanks for your help Clifford!
    40
  502. no the rope has to have significant mass relative to the mass at the end. The less massive the rope, the less the effect.
    40
  503. This is a good point. I've also been working on a feature-length documentary, Vitamania, launching this August, filming for the Netflix show Bill Nye Saves the World, and taking some paternity leave with the new baby being a month and a half old. So YouTube is something I'm passionate about but not something I get to spend all my time doing...
    40
  504. Get a little smarter every day with Brilliant. Visit https://brilliant.org/veritasium for a 30-day free trial and 20% off your annual premium subscription.
    40
  505. ***** you know, that's not far off
    39
  506. We shot in late September so I just missed you! Where's your doc showing?
    39
  507. +A to Rhombus I'm open to it - I could post another unlisted version of this clip...
    39
  508.  @hugowijk3676  FYI your comment wasn't deleted. Youtube decides how to rank comments and screening them manually has never been worth my time. Regarding titles and thumbnails, I'm exploring some different options but it seems like this one is just not getting exposure.
    39
  509. I'm working on it. I want it to be really good - that takes time. Sorry for the wait!
    39
  510. Honestly, that’s what I heard myself watching it back
    39
  511. Thank you so much! It's what we strive to do :)
    39
  512. that's an active area of research
    38
  513. I was always a fan of magic. Maybe that's why I studied science.
    38
  514. I wasn't... but now that you mention it.
    38
  515. yes, as far as practical applications go, it's extremely limited. In terms of being a cool demo of static electricity, I'd say it's pretty neat.
    38
  516. You make really good points - I think he's saying people need to hold their political leaders accountable for making the changes we want to see happen.
    38
  517. the sun emits enough energy per day to power the Earth a bejillion times, but not all of that energy falls on the Earth. But even the energy that falls on the Earth could power us more than 100x as much as we use. Hopefully we will find a way to harness this.
    38
  518. surprisingly that's not very lucrative
    38
  519. Thank you for sharing this. My condolences.
    38
  520. ThePat545 I'll make a compilation on 2Ve
    37
  521. Right now Facebook and Google already have a lot of power to determine what is seen and not seen. For Facebook at least, the thing they try to maximize is engagement, which comes at the expense of truth.
    37
  522. +Bence Illés Thank you!
    37
  523.  @micahcraine5579  that's what I told the animator
    37
  524. It reduces the freezing point so you are then holding ice that is -5C or -10C while an endothermic process (ice melting) is taking place.
    37
  525. Nope, I didn't think it was necessary, but perhaps I was wrong.
    36
  526. my phone survived! huzzah!
    36
  527. There is no plan the particles could execute which would give <5/9ths different results. Sure the particles may not 'care' about the three directions we choose but they would still have to have a plan for what spin to give in each of those three directions and none of those plans gets correlations <5/9ths so there really is no way for hidden information to be consistent with the results of the experiment.
    36
  528. Thank you! So glad to hear you enjoyed the video and that it captivated your attention, it's what we strive for :)
    36
  529. I think this is where your trust in me comes in. I read the scientific papers (some of them - there are lots). I read reviews of the dandruff literature. This is not rocket science but it is fascinating the way our microbiome and specifically the Malassezia fungi can lead to what appears to be an excessive response by our bodies (for some of us). Controlling the Malassezia metabolism has been shown to change the scalp response and reduce dandruff symptoms.
    36
  530. Thanks! I saw some tweets about this.
    35
  531. If pilot wave dynamics really are the basis for statistical quantum results, then yes it is deterministic and the apparent randomness is just due to our state of incomplete knowledge
    35
  532. +honeyjars Thanks for having my back!
    35
  533. The book is cited in the description. Also, the book is a summary not only of Kahneman's work but others. The book is a summary of all that work, and this video is clearly inspired and built of all that work, hence the acknowledgement.
    35
  534. You know those towers were at a coal-fired station and the shot includes the chimneys emitting CO2.
    35
  535. @xxfaith0chickxx so close! cherries were electrons, hands were positive.
    35
  536. Crusnik333 we did. That info is in the description (and my shirt changes multiple times during the experiment in the vid, not 'cause I'm a diva, but because they were filmed on different days)...
    34
  537. Thanks for articulating this so clearly. This is the discourse I want to see in the popular media - the world needs more of your voice.
    34
  538. Canadian-Australian then, but I preferred the other order of saying it. Plus chronologically, that's how it went.
    34
  539. alexander west thanks man!
    34
  540. +Overonator haha - absolutely agreed!
    34
  541. I hear you. My objective was to make the science as clear as possible. There will be another more 'real' video on this topic tomorrow.
    34
  542. no, this one is just particularly troubling.
    34
  543. Thank you!
    34
  544. Read and enjoyed. Thank you!
    34
  545. If you sum the pressures over the top and bottom of the wing, you will get the net force on the wing (which is equal and opposite to the net force on the air). So the point is that a pressure different explanation is also a net force explanation. If a wing didn't deflect the air their would be no pressure difference, and if there were no pressure difference, the air wouldn't deflect.
    34
  546. Brandon Hoffman I honestly thought the science was common knowledge for this audience, which is why I didn't go into it. The question I wanted to answer is why if the science is so well established, can't we get anything done about it? The answer it seems to me is that scientists believe people will be convinced to do something based on the evidence (which is complex, boring, long-term, probabilistic etc.), whereas all anyone with an opposing viewpoint has to do is make something up, e.g. climate change is a hoax perpetrated by money grubbing climate scientists. That's much easier to understand but it's false.
    33
  547. But do I want to avoid these responses? Two things: 1. It would work in the absence of a gravitational field or in free-fall, and 2. It's great to see commenters reflecting on past videos - you guys are awesome! That's why I keep making videos rather than taking a chilled out holiday
    33
  548. Hey - thanks for the feedback! Really appreciate it. I think there is a no-song version which should also be available...
    33
  549. Saif Khan lol
    33
  550. Here's the thing, kx is not independent of mg. In order to slow down, kx must be greater than mg, then you need to keep extending the spring until you stop. By this point kx will be greater than 2mg. Proof: set gravitational potential energy = spring energy at full extension: mg(l+x) = 0.5*kx^2 [x is the extension, and l is the length of unstretched chord] then 2mg=kx - 2mgl/x; now if l=0, 2mg = kx but if l>0, kx must be bigger than 2mg
    33
  551. SM2ooo It's not easy but it's worth the effort!
    32
  552. BamboLord they are physics students...
    32
  553. haha and how did the cognitive strain feel?
    32
  554. Haha - thank you! The third in the tree trilogy. I'm not sure how this happened but I'm glad it did.
    32
  555. boiling and freezing water. But he had done less to establish the fixedness of these fixed points. Plus since other scales had more traction in France before him, he had more trouble getting his scale used widely.
    32
  556. +It's Okay To Be Smart I'd like to watch that!
    32
  557. Thanks man! Still need to do our ants collab. Let me know when you're in town!
    32
  558. yeah it's geoblocked in those countries until it airs on ARTE
    32
  559. great idea! Wish I'd thought of that when I was there.
    32
  560. Changes how your genes are expressed. By reducing scalp irritants your scalp will feel less under attack and therefore activate fewer genes related to inflammation, immune response, cell proliferation etc. you still have the same genes, they just get expressed less (or more depending on what they’re for).
    32
  561. We discussed putting a line about this in the video but I argued anyone clever enough to spot this would be clever enough to work it out for themselves ;) My claim is the probability of finding a loop of length L is 1/L (Note: I'm not saying this is the probability it is the longest loop but if L>50 then the probability than it exists and the probability it is the longest are the same thing as you point out.) For loops L<51, the probability that you find the loop is still 1/L but you have to think of it as expected value. For example for L=1, the expected value is 1 meaning you expect to find on average a single loop of 1 in every arrangement of 100 numbers. Some arrangements will have none, many will have 1, some will have 2 or 3 etc but it will average out to 1 loop of length one per arrangement. You expect to find loops of length 10, 10% of the time but they will almost never be the longest loop etc.
    32
  562. that's harsh! I did the sound. And Christie can sing fine - I'm just trying to keep up.
    32
  563. ThePedrobl good q - I had two UV filters and different white balance setting. The difference was more pronounced with one of the setups but still there with the other
    32
  564. ZeroHBR I came and found it here.
    31
  565. I hope there are ways to get around the dubbing. It will be online in English in other territories and you have my full support to access these
    31
  566. exactly! Way more probable, in yet wrong as far as we can tell from the experiments conducted to date. That is crazy.
    31
  567. hahaha I was busy putting the finishing touches on this.
    31
  568. @kire271MK First, let me say that all discussion of terminal velocity and air resistance is irrelevant to this experiment because the balls clearly aren't falling far enough for air effects to be noticeable. Second, the gravitational force on the balls is NOT the same. When you pick up the medicine ball, you notice is has a much greater attraction to the Earth. Yes, the resulting accelerations are the same, and that is because the inertia of the medicine ball is proportionately greater.
    31
  569. haha, I wanted them to feel like it was real. So I took some money, walked away and then brought it back to them because it was the right thing to do. Not many people lost though - think I went 3 wins, 6 losses... but losing money while making the video was always part of my plan.
    30
  570. Zeldas Champion there actually is no toy but if you want to make something similar yourself there is the DIY video I link to
    30
  571. I caution you, before you are too certain of something, to do a little research. Eg. read the MIT paper linked in the description, which has a setup almost identical to ours. Yes it is conventional wisdom that a kiddy pool is too small to experience the effect. But if you actually do the calculation it's clear that it is not too small. What I am amazed by is your certainty. If you are a huge fan, I'd expect you to at least investigate your belief before assuming you are right and we are wrong.
    30
  572. This is a good question - the cooling towers are from a coal plant in Australia (they don't have nuclear power here). I thought about pointing out the CO2 chimneys in the video but the cooling towers look cooler...
    30
  573. Seani Wu often. Well, I guess it depends how busy I am. I was sick the week climate change is boring came out so I was a keyboard warrior on that one: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eNx9tvCrvv8
    30
  574. I imagine I did a number on Rømer too!
    30
  575. My friend Cara Santa Maria gave me the same advice when I told her I was working on this video...
    30
  576. Thanks for the long-term support!
    30
  577. Precisely
    30
  578. I have an alternate thumbnail so I just might try it... I'm not sure, is that more viral than being waterproof? Maybe...
    30
  579. @GilGalvanti I agree everyone was on the right track - it's all about scaffolding from one conception to the next and seeing how they relate. Thanks for your comment!
    30
  580. @jlennardz Sadly all the songs I use are stock clips from apple's final cut pro. One of these days I will get some other stuff but I spend too much time working on the science etc. The song at the beginning is called 'Elysium Long' and the one at the end is called 'Newborn' lol
    30
  581. Haha - precisely. More info coming in a follow up video where we talk about the realities of the apparatus
    29
  582. Milan Shah tallying the votes is intimidating. I'm working on that now.
    29
  583. ***** and wishfully thinking our consciousness is permanent is... responsible and humble?
    29
  584. Luke Axworthy there may still be time to get it broadcast in the UK if enough interest is shown.
    29
  585. @HyperCam3Vids ahh, the truth about this is I used a slow motion effect in final cut pro called 'optical flow'. This technique analyses each frame and tries to generate the missing frames in between, so it did actually morph.
    29
  586. I mean in a sense it is. But also it's a video about published scientific research.
    29
  587. Yes Ken pioneered the color photos he makes with color filters. I wanted to add in the bit about how snowflakes are transparent, not white like everyone thinks, but I couldn't find the right place to put it.
    29
  588. Thank you!
    29
  589. Haha, great thinking! Thank you and glad to hear you enjoyed!
    29
  590. never gonna run around and desert you
    29
  591. Thank you for understanding!
    29
  592.  @Gary-hr5xi  there's a ratchet mechanism preventing the prop from driving the wheels. Only the wheels can drive the prop.
    29
  593. It didn't need to be that dark and for some of the shots my DSLR at 180 fps did the trick. ISO 200-800 f/4 with short exposures ~1/200-1/1000
    28
  594. supermonkey152 and more incorrect... http://math.mit.edu/~bush/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Beautiful-Game-2013.pdf
    28
  595. Thank you! So glad to hear you enjoyed the video and found it educational!
    28
  596. that's a good question. I have certainly been thinking about it recently... No plans just yet but perhaps
    28
  597. That shirt is because my sister has come up with a theme for my birthday presents: science-themed t-shirts
    28
  598. Crucial Muzic happy holidays to you! And this is a delightful comment to read after I stayed up til 4am to launch it.
    28
  599. Thank you! Very grateful to have your continued support
    28
  600. Thank you! That's kind of you to say, glad you enjoyed!
    28
  601. I think partly it's due to how close people think the moon is to earth (check out that vid if you haven't see it already). If the moon were that close, it would be tough not to cast a shadow on it.
    28
  602. We did a call out and that’s who showed up 🤷🏻‍♂️
    28
  603. coming. They're not actually going to redefine the kg until 2018 so I've got time. But I'll get it done much sooner than that
    27
  604. let's hope!
    27
  605. Dead Fire Gaming I took a lot of falls as a kid on the mouth - had double root canals by 13
    27
  606. It would never stop because if it did the magnetic field in the pipe wouldn't be changing hence there would be no induced current and so no force to oppose the fall of the magnet. But you're quite right, a better conductor would make the magnet fall slower.
    27
  607. Come now, do you really expect me to do coordinate substitution in my head while strapped to a centrifuge?
    27
  608. @Morophin3 I did another video first called "Regelation of Ice"
    27
  609. That is terrifying!
    27
  610. I love all the speculation. Yes, born in AUS. Raised in CAN. Moved back to AUS in 2004. Moved to USA in 2015. Shot this video in Los Angeles. And right now I'm in NYC for an event. I schedule these videos to go live usually when Europe is still awake, the US is waking up and Australians may still be up late or will be getting up in 6-8 hours.
    26
  611. +gamerswag9116 haha, yes sorry - the last few months have been super busy
    26
  612. it doesn't
    26
  613. bomber1452 I'm open to Ray-Ban as a sponsor. Flies, not so much.
    26
  614. +Jared Brooks it's happened! thank you!
    26
  615. they knew you would really like it!
    26
  616.  @neon_mossstone9246  yes
    26
  617.  @destroya3303  what's your agenda? General Relativity is one of the most experimentally validated theories there is. It explains the motion of mercury, bending of light past the sun (and galaxies in deep space) clocks ticking slower close to large masses etc. etc. Just because you don't get it doesn't mean it's wrong.
    26
  618. the original paper comments on a 'metallic ring' of the aerogel when dropped. Glad I snuck this in there.
    26
  619. more on this to come...
    25
  620. correct. Well the spark in the other video was exaggerated but this one is legit.
    25
  621. This community is generally awesome. There's more pushback here than I was expecting though.
    25
  622. Brian Keiser and then divide by Earth's standard gravity
    25
  623. the lethality of the shock depends on the current. So although 20,000V should drive a big current through you, if the charge is limited by the power supply (which it was) then the current is not that big and you just get a jolt.
    25
  624. I like this idea
    25
  625. I was about to comment on this and say you've got to see the rest and that I'll put it in a video soon, and then I saw who it was from.
    25
  626. how about $2?
    25
  627. thanks! Fixed the captions. Feet are still bare.
    25
  628. only depends on mass (and distance from that mass). Spin shouldn't affect things (according to Newton's theory of gravity) but when you get to general relativity, I think it does.
    25
  629. correct
    24
  630. I said 50% chance of them having the same spin, that's 25% up-up and 25% down-down. But I like that you were thinking about it!
    24
  631. Legendententertainment there will be various reminders on FB, twitter, instagram etc. and probably another video here
    24
  632. There is a video follow-up for tomorrow. I appreciate your patience and understanding. I think sometimes it's important to try new and different things.
    24
  633. flaggy flag for life
    24
  634. That was not a nuclear power plant. That was a coal-fired plant with both cooling towers and chimneys emitting CO2
    24
  635. Tons of scientists are funded by governments. Their funding continues whether they claim there is a big problem for the Earth or not. So when a group of people who dedicate their lives to understanding something say there is a problem, I think we should take them seriously.
    24
  636. Weber588 o-o It certainly seems TRULY random. If it weren't we would be able to make a theory that predicts the results at lest in some way, but we haven't been able to thus far. Hence there is no apparent pattern.
    24
  637. I'm travelling all the time! This was shot in January - just found a chance to edit and post
    24
  638. +nyak63RUS yes - I think the point is we are not generally establishing new scientific fact, we are communicating what has already been established. Therefore the rigour of our investigations can be reduced in order to make a good story
    24
  639. AntiCitizenX You wrote:  It does not instantaneously affect the other event.  It only affects your knowledge about it. That's exactly what Einstein was thinking about the particles having hidden variables that determine what spin they have in any direction and we just learn about this information when we measure the particles. But the Bell experiment I described demonstrates there is no way to have hidden information and give the statistics we see. That is the experiment rules out the idea that the information is there all along and we just find out about it in the measurement.
    24
  640. let's hope the best is yet to come ;)
    24
  641. you can grab the mp3 free from veritasium (dot) org (I'm not updating that site... but it has this song)
    24
  642. that's ok and disagreement is good. On long road trips I use fast chargers and a lot of hotels and camp sites have chargers now...  
    24
  643. I'm hoping not. In the past, missions have lasted longer than expected because although dust gets blown on solar panels, it also gets blown off... Let's hope for the same and not too much wind around the landing site.
    24
  644. @GodDamnPontiac careful! The Earth's diameter is roughly 13,000 KILOMETERS (and the distance to the moon is actually 385,000km) so you can fit about 30 Earths between the Earth and moon.
    24
  645. @Quinston82 centrifugal force only 'exists' if we analyse the motion in the accelerating frame of reference of the moon. More conventionally we would say the moon experiences an unbalanced force of attraction towards Earth and therefore accelerates towards it. It never gets any close to Earth because of its large lateral velocity.
    24
  646. MetalTimster Thank you for sharing. I'm glad you found this beautiful.
    23
  647. Au! First I thought this comment was boron, but the thread's not hafnium bad.
    23
  648. it's more complicated than that - the smoker dose is specifically to the lungs, so the astronaut actually gets a higher full body dose. No one stays on the space station for more than six months.
    23
  649. I'm thinking that happens naturally with the candle - see how the laminar flow speeds up and then breaks up into turbulence? I'd love to find a way to make laminar air flow and put it over an airfoil...
    23
  650. Me too!
    23
  651. First, thanks for your thoughtful comments. Second, the point of this video is not to seek sympathy, it is to raise awareness of a problem I think affects many people. I disagree when you say "even a genuine, unpaid like from an interested person in your target demographic is largely worthless," because I have data on that. A genuine like from most people in most places appears to result in monthly engagement roughly 25-35% of the time. And that's fine with me. I know how it is. That is genuine interaction. What is qualitatively different is thousands of like that I acquired using Facebook ads where virtually no one engages. That is a problem and it should be addressed.
    23
  652. +greenzoid2 just the video and music?
    23
  653. Do you think with the data they have and the brainpower in that organization there is an iota of a possibility that they are not aware of it? And then of course there are the active Facebook pages of click-farms like Paid-to-like which clearly contravene Facebook's policies
    23
  654. Wow, thank you so much! Glad to hear you enjoyed the video!
    23
  655. again it's the issue of: how many road trips do you take? If you're doing more than one a month then maybe electric is inconvenient for you. But if you're like most people it's a couple a year. And you have to stop driving to eat etc so charging isn't that much of an inconvenience.  
    23
  656.  @elieweiss1049  lol
    23
  657. He has adjusted his slides (link in description) so you can see what he thinks now.
    23
  658. Thank you! I'm a little surprised at the comments myself.
    22
  659. someone once asked Feynman if there was an intuitive way to understand the intermediate axis theorem. He thought for a moment and then said no. I'm not going to take people through linear algebra and the mathematics of how it works are very similar to a rigid pendulum. In the future I may do a more detailed discussion but if I had tried to do it here, it would have brought the video to a grinding halt.
    22
  660. Have you seen Levitating BBQ, What's in a Candle Flame? etc. This channel has a long history of exploring interesting physical phenomena
    22
  661. Apsis Motion Pictures that's really up to you. The universe doesn't care, but you might. I think the question this video asks is: do you?
    22
  662. that's my goal! Less travel, fewer other projects and more YouTube.
    22
  663. Thanks for your comments Cameron. Of the world's 8 biggest companies, 7 are in the business of fossil fuels. Together they make over 2 trillion in revenue. Do you think it's likely their voices aren't being heard? Or do you think it's possible that they are working to introduce doubt so that their profits are unaffected. Scientists can find things to study regardless of climate change. Oil companies only sell oil.
    22
  664. His title is "When Veritasium gets it wrong!" so at the very least it's a misleading title. Re: Hyperloop, he may be right and technologically the engineering challenges may be insurmountable or economically ruinous. But these are predictions, only time will tell whether he is right or not.
    22
  665. +A to Rhombus here you go: https://youtu.be/DLUb14UsgJ8
    22
  666. haha I really wanted to put this in but I think they thought the reference was too obscure - you proved them wrong!
    22
  667. Yeah the term clickbait is loaded because people use it and misuse it to mean all kinds of things. I mean if you take it literally all titles and thumbnails are "click bait" they are baiting you to click. But as you point out the usual connotation is that the video doesn't actually deliver on the promise of the bait.
    22
  668. @Fergussonification haha - yes I thought about a thermocouple, and you may well be right about the emissivity - but I'm not sure this was the main source of uncertainty. I noticed a lot of variability in temperature around the cake, plus the temperature dropped remarkably quickly. The pan was down to 40C in under a minute.
    22
  669. love it!
    22
  670. The normal force is the sum of all the electromagnetic interactions between your shoes and the ground - so they're the same thing essentially.
    22
  671. Actually Planet Money...
    22
  672. Thank you! Really glad to hear you learnt something!
    22
  673. @HeyyLookItsAlex I got the car moving and then tried to stop it. Now friction is helping you but it's just as hard to stop it as it was to get it going. Plus we know that cars have very little rolling friction because they can go quite a ways just coasting.
    22
  674. @FishyArchaeologist You got it - the sliding plunger speeds up the molecules. It doesn't have to be going incredibly fast, it just needs to increase the KE of the molecules it hits.
    22
  675. :( I hope you'll watch it again!
    21
  676. I'd say it's advisable.
    21
  677. boom! I thought of some others last night: Fahrenwidth Un-Fahr...enheit
    21
  678. Pretty sure I used his exact design.
    21
  679. Thanks for the support!
    21
  680. have you seen her business cards?
    21
  681. Dang! Missed an opportunity.
    21
  682. Thanks for all your really good points. We definitely talked about digging into the failsafes of Li-ion batteries. It felt in the weeds but you're right, that's where I should have gone. For the record, this video includes an original score, plus custom graphs and animations. So I didn't feel like we were being lazy, but in hindsight you're right we should have dug deeper and I take that forward as my mandate. @Dalr42 
    21
  683. that's looking from the back - it's curving toward the rough side on the front.
    21
  684. I always miss a trick.
    21
  685. From underneath, the tube rotates clockwise. So the spin of the tube is again opposite the rotation but now for the other letter. There is a good explanation of this in one of the video responses on the original video so check it out if this doesn't make sense.
    21
  686. 🤔🤔🤔 I will seriously consider this...
    21
  687.  @aristeidislykas7163  Right because although it's a thing, other tests have been done with telltales above the prop. For the interested viewer there are useful links in the description.
    21
  688. I got it! I'll see if I can include something like this in the vids to come. I'm also looking at quantum computing so a discussion of measurement will be essential there too.
    21
  689. yeah no answer vids, sorry - the answer is around 70
    21
  690. +Rohan Sharma SO MANY QUESTIONS! I'm working on it. Right now I've focused on having a new video on this channel each week for the last 7 weeks. But I'm also trying to find ways to make content sustainability on the other two channels. Please bear with me
    20
  691. Rumpadoodle perhaps if you email the BBC...
    20
  692. You're right, a consensus does not make something a fact, but it is highly suggestive. If ten doctors independently diagnosed you with cancer, it doesn't mean they are all correct, but I'd bet they are. In this debate, there are scientists studying the data for their whole lives and trying to give reasonable recommendations, and then there are 7 of the 8 richest companies in the world that trade in fossil fuels. If someone has a vested interest, I'm betting it's more likely the oil companies than the scientists.
    20
  693. Yeah, that just has to do with visiting some unfortunate places. Back to more lighthearted topics very soon
    20
  694. You know that this increase was refunded to you by giving the money back to you in tax cuts and supplements. The point of the tax was not to make money but to reflect the true cost of generating electricity, so people would use less and others would invest in renewable energy.
    20
  695. Thank you for your support! Really glad to hear you enjoyed the video and feel the same way. P.S. Use emojis however you want! :)
    20
  696. @imamadmad1 turns out the pressure effect only seems to predominate above -3C however other effects maintain the watery layer. Check out the link in the description for more.
    20
  697.  @ArdenMacArthur  your wish is my command https://www.patreon.com/posts/by-popular-song-117493336
    20
  698. Did not know that!
    20
  699.  @grindsession24  lol not written by ChatGPT. We discussed this at length. If you were to buy 100 shares vs an option for 100 shares then options limit your downside. But if you were to buy $1000 worth of stock vs $1000 worth of options then you are leveraged and more likely to lose everything with options (and also more likely to make a bigger profit - this is the point of leverage). I suspect novice options traders might fall more into the latter scenario than the former one.
    20
  700. It also depends on the activity of the source - the gamma may not have been emitting as many per second as the beta source.
    20
  701. The idea that there are two equally valid viewpoints to any story is wrong.
    19
  702. FlesHBoX Have you watched my previous videos? A lot of them focus on common misconceptions, which I uncover by talking to people on the street. I want to make sure I'm addressing the things people are really thinking, not what I imagine they know. For this audience, I expected the basics of climate change to be old hat. It seems I was wrong and I've learned my lesson.
    19
  703. Apologies. I condensed the science to that tiny recap because A. I find it boring (it's not new or complicated), and B. I thought we all knew it already
    19
  704. That was a Christmas present?!
    19
  705. ***** I might be doing something exciting on Aug. 7...
    19
  706. CNN doesn't have to be good to be better than Breitbart
    19
  707. The number of stars in our galaxy is between 100-400 billion, not one trillion. The best estimate of galaxies in the visible universe is >170 billion. When dealing with numbers this big (and uncertain) nobody really cares about a factor of 2.
    19
  708. They had name tags. I called one Elder and then I realised the other had the same unusual first name.
    19
  709.  @AutoAddictionMedia  Just checked and click-through rate is almost double my normal rate and watch time is up significantly. I think it might have something to do with the visuals of flames and flamethrowers. Impressions in the first day were 3.5M compared to 96M for 'can you swim in shade balls?'
    19
  710. We all have changed over this decade!
    19
  711. @edgarsucar I disagree. I was going to talk about this misconception too but not enough people mentioned it in interviews. Think about trying to stop a rolling car moving on a level surface. Now friction helps you but it's similarly difficult to stop as it is to get going. Inertia is the main effect, friction is secondary.
    19
  712. lol me too!
    19
  713. when covid is gone, I'll get back out there and ask some questions
    19
  714. MCinemaGamer thank you for all your support!
    19
  715. thank you for the support!
    19
  716. haha - not my x-ray! Better share the funnies with me first ;) We can talk publicly about certain things but not others... email me - this username at gmail
    18
  717. so a white swan is as informative as a black swan when attempting to determine whether all swans are white?
    18
  718. Matt B G'day!
    18
  719. +zerep rd um... now there are two versions uploaded.
    18
  720. +Uncle Noah True. There are some old churches with 2000 year old windows.
    18
  721. +Westis96 as did I!
    18
  722. I was thinking about doing a Video my life - thoughts?
    18
  723. correct!
    18
  724. It's what I like to do with most of my time, but yes I have to do other things to support myself.
    18
  725. I think it was to help with recovery - some of which went until 4am, and I think our team members were very thankful for the full moon at that point!
    18
  726. Thank you so much for your support! Glad you enjoyed the video.
    18
  727. @Soundslikehope We dropped the longest slinky we could find - I think it's pretty impressive. It's linked in the description.
    18
  728. gamma radiation is an interesting case because it penetrates through a lot of matter before being absorbed but that also means it does not frequently interact with your atoms. So you would need more shielding to block it, but much of it would pass through you and do no damage. The worst case is if you eat significant amounts of radioactive atoms because that exposes you to nuclear radiation from the inside for a long period of time.
    18
  729. Thank you! Really glad you enjoyed!
    18
  730. For wires with low resistance the E field of surface charges is mainly perpendicular outside the wires. For very resistive wire, the E field is more parallel (due to the steep gradient)
    18
  731. I think this might be my best ever. Normally my puns are sodium.
    18
  732. @TheMSwarriors They move at the same speed as it. The space shuttle gets up to the same position and velocity as it and then they dock gently because their relative velocity is small.
    18
  733. For loops shorter than 50 you have to think of probability like expected value - you expect to find on average 1 loop of length 1 in any random arrangement of 100 slips in boxes. Sometime there will be none, often 1, and sometimes 2, or 3 or more. But it should average out to one per arrangement.
    18
  734. haha, I'm old and I took some action. Start by asking some people you know if they know what's going on and what to do about it.
    17
  735. Around a pack a day.
    17
  736. Exactly! part of this video is about my struggle to activate system 2 where an effective strategy on YouTube is to play to the easier, more comfortable and perhaps enjoyable system 1
    17
  737. no, the positive ions will be repelled in the tap and the droplets will be negatively charged so they'll be attracted.
    17
  738. Have you seen the new channel? I posted four new videos over there in the past month http://youtube.com/sciencium
    17
  739. +Dan Hauer yup! Guilty as charged
    17
  740. the wider the spark gap, the fewer bigger sparks you get. But you run into problems with charge leaking to ground at high voltages so you can only make the spark gap bigger to a point.
    17
  741. Absolutely awesome Desitin!!
    17
  742. Thank you! Amazing to hear that our video changed your life, well done for quitting!
    17
  743. Maybe you should anyway 😉
    17
  744. I thought so!
    17
  745. @andyhayne are there no links because you have disabled annotations? Or are you watching on a mobile device? You can always click 'Regelation Comparison' for the answer. The advantage is that studies have shown people remember more when forced to make a prediction before observing a demo. Then you have more of a vested interest in the outcome.
    17
  746. hydrogen you can make from electricity and say water but I just think it's trickier to work with and batteries have come so far (and will continue to develop) @aripocki 
    17
  747. I don't think that's necessarily true. Low temperatures are required for a lot of quantum system to reduce the amount of random thermal energy, ensuring that particles end up in their lowest energy state to start off with.
    17
  748.  @OficjalnyKrwiopijca  Of course in the wind's FoR there is no energy to contribute to the vehicle because its speed is zero. KE is frame dependent. But the point is the fan giving energy to the air in the wind's frame of reference is the same thing as the fan taking KE from the air in a stationary FoR
    17
  749. that was an expensive thumbnail!
    17
  750. But it gathers a lot of snow fast, amiright?
    17
  751. +jimday666 it will probably be on the second channel - 2veritasium
    16
  752. right, the substance that makes up the majority of the human body and covers most of this planet is arbitrary.
    16
  753. thank you!
    16
  754. you're very welcome!
    16
  755. Film it and show me!
    16
  756. I was waiting for the high speed camera to be ready... but I agree, it just made it harder to have to delay.
    16
  757. She gets that a lot
    16
  758. hello!
    16
  759. This is where I spotted the trick last year!
    16
  760. it's an ad for electric cars, which you like and wish you could buy...  
    16
  761. Thanks - I'm definitely contemplating this. I make it clear that in my particular case, the energy comes from solar panels. That's not to say the solar panels always send the electrons into the battery but during the day my solar panels help run the neighbour's ac and at night I charge from the grid, but net I supply as much energy to the grid as I take for the whole household and the car. I take your point that this is not the case for most people, but analyses of the average composition of electricity show electric cars are still lower emission in almost all parts of North America (and likely the world) @bluc0bra 
    16
  762. I think the answer is yes - the fact that you can feel your muscles pushing against the Earth means you are accelerating. We are used to thinking about our position relative to the floor and walls and tables etc. But think about yourself relative to a background of free-falling objects. That would make it very clear that you're accelerating.
    16
  763. Thumbs up for snack cake design!
    16
  764. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed, good luck if you decide to do that!
    16
  765. Thank you so much for your support! Always good to look for the positives in the world at all times. You may have accidentally donated twice, by the way, so have a look. Wouldn't want you to be out of pocket.
    16
  766. Yup! But now I reside in Sydney, and at the moment I'm in London for the Olympics. Yay! Watching Canada vs. USA women's football tomorrow!!
    16
  767. @EchoCosmic Wow. Because this is the internet I never know if people are just trolling. In case you're not, a basketball and a tennis ball are a pretty good scale model. Moon diam/ Earth diam = 3500km/12750km = 0.27 Tennis ball/Basketball = 6.5cm/25cm = 0.26
    16
  768. Thank you, that's a great way of looking at it!
    16
  769. @Tossphate Yeah, I'm getting around to the 4 force video (or 3 or 5 depending on how you want to look at it). I know it's been awhile but I've got distracted with other things. Why can't you walk through walls is one I'd like to do...
    16
  770.  @theodorewinston3891  It's already been done. See Rick's YT channel
    16
  771. Glad you enjoyed it!
    16
  772. @someblokecalleddave1 the cricket ball has another force on it due to the seam, or later in the game due to the roughness of one side. This causes the ball to swing toward the rough side. An episode on this is coming up soon.
    16
  773. there are other electromagnetic rays emitted but for understanding spin you need to observe matter close to the black hole - that matter is going so fast that its emissions are in the x-ray part of the spectrum. Side note: x-rays and gamma rays can have the same energy. What makes them different is their source - gamma rays come from nuclear reactions, x-rays from accelerating charges. Gamma rays are typically higher energy but not always.
    16
  774. Yup, that's faulty. For the last 800,000 years CO2 levels never exceeded 300ppm.
    15
  775. No, I think we should change eating habits too
    15
  776. Hmmm... I'm not sure this says anything about Marxism. What it does say is organisms acting in their own self interests end up ultimately acting against their interests and everyone else's - this is the 'stable' solution. I find this interesting but I don't put a political slant on it. It is what it is.
    15
  777. OlPurpleBeard I do care about the everyday, and I think meaning is made with each other, but cosmically there is no meaning and no long-term endgame so maybe we should be a bit bolder with the things we do everyday and not be lulled into the sense that we'll always have more time and more opportunities.
    15
  778. +SmarterEveryDay bazinga!
    15
  779. I responded to Thunderf00t in the comment section because a few sentences was all it took to describe how we agreed about most things and the one thing we didn't agree upon was covered in a published physics paper I linked to.
    15
  780. Sid Befin I think you're meant to be a little more confident when you do that. This is a triumphant moment.
    15
  781. +jacob robertson thanks for getting it!
    15
  782. Navaneeth Rajan He was observing from above the Earth, so to Zogg from Betelgeuse the result seemed obvious since he is not moving with us in our rotating frame of reference
    15
  783. lol
    15
  784. @jonasianbuddy Rod Cross, Emeritus Professor at the University of Sydney
    15
  785. Shawn Barbour some don’t need visuals. This one does...
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  786. they do create new particles. They create particles that weren't there before. For example, it is possible to turn a photon into an electron-positron pair if the energy of the photon is high enough.
    15
  787. Think you could raise your center of mass about 30cm?
    15
  788. or another option would be to drop the chained weight with the other end of the chain on the ground. This means the chained weight still has the 'path' but not the whip effect. I would expect the weights to land together in this case. Kicking myself for not doing it while I had the gear.
    15
  789. But if you fly upside down, even with a symmetrical wing, you need to make sure you have an appropriate angle of attack right?
    15
  790. Glad to be of help! Let us know how it went!
    15
  791. Wow, thank you so much for your support! Really glad to hear you enjoy our content and it's because of support like this that we can continue educating. Many thanks again, this is awesome!
    15
  792. Thank you!
    15
  793. Eddie Llamas I have a video about baseballs and cricket balls from a few years back. The physics is a little different with the seams: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t-3jnOIJg4k
    14
  794. ayngemac students of physics
    14
  795. no, I was suggesting each of us can do our part in talking to the people around us and making sure they're informed.
    14
  796. +Vamsy Krishna high five
    14
  797. +It's Okay To Be Smart thanks man! I'm enjoying the stories you're telling
    14
  798. yeah for me mass and inertia are basically the same - and they are different from weight (which is gravitational force). So I have no problem with you saying cars are hard to push because they have a lot of mass.
    14
  799. In all honesty, Bill's email was taken out of context. When I first emailed him about the wager, he told me he thought the professor would be proven wrong quickly and I should donate the money to charity. After the presentation he thought Alex raised some good points. But upon receiving more evidence (like the physics Olympiad solutions) he was back on side. His doubt lasted at most a few hours.
    14
  800. well said. Just to be sure I counted the frames till the rope was taut, and then counted the frames from there to the bottom. There are more frames accelerating than decelerating which also supports the conclusion that the magnitude of acceleration is greater than g at the bottom.
    14
  801. and it's not used up in a fuel cell... but my point is it's tricker to work with and batteries make further development kind of moot. @Nick-monic 
    14
  802. My pleasure 😊
    14
  803. I'm not "sure" I "understand" your "question". They do produce an interference pattern.
    13
  804. noted. working on it I promise. stay tuned.
    13
  805. Indra Ida Bagus haha but they are cooling towers of an actual nuclear power plant!
    13
  806. Cameron Taylor Thanks for your comments Taylor. The reason I mentioned the consensus is because most people don't know that >95% of working climate scientists think humans are causing the climate to warm. You may know some of the 5% that don't. If one doctor diagnoses you with cancer, it's not good. If 19 out of 20 do, it's really bad. They might be wrong, but I would go with them. Right now 7 of the 8 biggest companies in the world are fossil fuel companies, together pulling in over 2 trillion in annual revenue. Climate scientists receive about 10-15 billion per annum in the US and I think this figure wouldn't be much changed if their findings were different. Scientists are paid to study things, not to get particular outcomes. Fossil fuel companies sell only fossil fuels. The money, political power, and conflict of interest are not of the same order of magnitude. Regarding the science: a) CO2 has followed temperature rises. Milankovich cycles triggered warming, which resulted in outgassing of CO2 from the oceans. This led to further warming in a positive feedback loop. Over 90% of the temperature rise follows the initial increase in CO2. Where did you get your data about volcanoes leading to massive spikes in CO2 emissions? Annually they release less than 1% of human produced CO2. No eruption in the last century caused a significant change to the increase in CO2: http://static.skepticalscience.com/images/CO2_vs_Volcano.gif Even a super eruption would only release 1/8th the amount of CO2 we emit annually. If CO2 were not causing a problem I would be all for continuing to emit it. It's only a pollutant if it's causing ocean acidification and/or warming. So do you think there is evidence for these things or is CO2 not a problem in your opinion?
    13
  807. +Elliot Harpour very difficult to wear gloves and fly the drone - learned that the hard way
    13
  808. +Filmmaker IQ thank you!
    13
  809. Uploader lives in the US, but made this at a meetup in Sweden. And there was fake news on the left and the right in the last election cycle, where by fake news I simply mean factually incorrect, made-up, bogus stories. These then gained a lot of exposure via social media. You're couching it in an additional narrative about Washington elites embarrassment, but I'm talking about something simpler - widely disseminated bogus news stories.
    13
  810. @Proxius1 Unfortunately, I left my accelerometer in my other pants that day. BUT, I did count the number of frames until the rope is stretched - then I counted the number of frames from there until he reaches the bottom. There are less frames for the second part indicating that the acceleration up must be greater than g at the bottom. If you want I'll go into excruciating detail with this. I know it's counterintuitive that acc = max at the bottom but I spent a lot of time making sure I'm right.
    13
  811. You need the insulation up there! I wanted to talk about the time lapse issue - because I always wondered how fast the aurora actually moves. You need a fair bit of light to make an image so most time lapses are done on a 10-30 second exposure. Each image in the time lapse from 2:19 was only a 2 second exposure for which I cranked the ISO to 6400. My video camera would have given a very noisy image if I set it to its highest ISO and 1/3 of a second shutter. All Aurora shot with a Canon 5D III
    13
  812. I've had a video out every two weeks for the last several months!  @petercarioscia9189 
    13
  813. would that be interesting? Or really predictable and dull?
    13
  814.  @SciencewithKatie  haha - definitely not! Good ballers can raise their center of mass about .9m on Earth so they would be bounding on Mars
    13
  815. Hey thanks for writing! And sticking with me through the good quality (and also lesser quality) videos. It's always my goal to make great things, but it doesn't always work out. Anyway, I wish you all the best for you PhD, experiments, and teaching experiments to kids!
    13
  816. You'll note how we animated it as a refraction and said "are effectively reflected back"
    13
  817. apparently both spellings are acceptable... But a google search reveals a 3:1 preference for "bungee jump" over "bungy jump" but that's how they spelled it in NZ.
    13
  818. easy, water hits ball, bounces off and some momentum is transferred. You can see the water getting slowed and deflected to the left where it hits the ball. This means the ball is being pushed up and to the right by the water.
    12
  819. William O. of course I do. But you and I both know what was meant by the statement - I don't think it's going to cause confusion. Uranium is found in rock. That's the point - this rock changed the world. When someone says 'I'm going to boil the kettle,' you don't correct them because the meaning is clear.
    12
  820. yeah I had to convince people I was legit. I would have let them use their coin if they wanted, and do the toss themselves.
    12
  821. truth is the cloth is not going to protect you from gamma rays - so the main purpose of the suit is to keep radioactive material off you, it doesn't stop you from being exposed to radiation.
    12
  822. I didn't lament people never hearing the science, I lamented how often they have already heard it (especially amongst this audience) - that's why it's boring and that's why I didn't go into it in detail.
    12
  823. OK, I have changed the default sort back to 'top comments' thanks to your feedback.
    12
  824. 0ion I was! Which is why I put so much of it in.
    12
  825. Arctor kovich I think rather than getting lost, something more interesting happens to information...
    12
  826. that's my favourite bit too!
    12
  827. they made it so most regular households would get tax breaks to offset the increased costs. The idea was not to make more money, but to make electricity more expensive so that people reduce consumption, and then give them the money back as a tax break so they're not worse off. The goal was to change the incentives so people reduce consumption and there's more investment in renewables.
    12
  828. Information is currently being filtered, by Google, Facebook, Twitter etc. The argument is not whether or not we should filter. We already are. It is how we should filter.
    12
  829. Thank you so much for your kind words and support!
    12
  830. Thank you! We have a Q&A session where questions about the demo have been answered. It's free on patreon and will be out soon!
    12
  831. Thank you!
    12
  832. @thebottlemusician yes there is a positive side - we track smoothly those things that are moving, which makes us well coordinated and able to track prey and avoid predators. It just has the funny side effect of obscuring the laws of physics.
    12
  833. ok, so maybe I shouldn't have called it "physics of high jump" *changes title* but there were things in here that I learned about different techniques for example, that I haven't seen done elsewhere - or shown well in slow motion. And I do think the idea that your centre of mass passes under the bar is a cool so I wanted to show that.
    12
  834. I don't think so - osmotic pressure specifically refers to pressure generated across a membrane with different concentrations of solute on either side.
    12
  835. Dheeraj Bhaskar it was three parts in Australia, two in the rest of the world (Australian content was cut down for international versions)
    12
  836. Thank you! It was clear in my head but I know it was fast.
    12
  837. In hindsight I should have but my video was not 'the pros and cons of electric cars,' it's the reasons electric cars are the future. There certainly are challenges but it wasn't my focus, nor was it BMW's mandate in sponsoring this video...  @stevethea5250 
    12
  838. you could say the same for sodium. But Chlorine has a nearly full shell, while sodium has a full shell plus one electron further out - it's this electron which makes sodium bigger in radius.
    12
  839. @ghrpdx pass the buck?! A. Fiona is awesome! B. Derek is behind the camera and doing the editing. C. Some amazing vids are coming up. A - mazing, I'm not even joking.
    12
  840. the water vapour is certainly leaving the drum, but there are enough water molecules in there to keep the air from coming in.
    12
  841.  @TommoCarroll  where are you based?
    12
  842. @hannahwonka Thanks! Wish I were a triplet - but this was just painstaking editing.
    12
  843. Certainly an exchange in the first verse
    12
  844. @RyanYezman My point exactly. Please spread the word... er.. the song. whatever.
    12
  845. Aspect Science haha I’m finally hiring people who make things that look a lot better than I could do...
    12
  846. they are closer than you'd need to be to reach the single photon limit, I'm thinking roughly a million light-years
    12
  847. @bibabuzze No, they're due too the Magnus Force - check out our earlier video on this topic.
    12
  848. Just sent him an email. He's a very nice guy - even more amazing because I filmed this the week after the announcement was made.
    12
  849. The illusion is that everything is accelerating to the ground. It’s really we who are accelerating up and they are on a straight-line path through spacetime.
    12
  850. @ezekiel0920 maybe 5 jumps out of the tree. keeping cool while (pretending to) play basketball was harder!
    12
  851. I didn't have a boomerang so I made one out of paper. As you can see, it was semi-functional but not great.
    12
  852. I mean I released a 90 minute scientific video. But I wasn't the only person who made it and we travelled to half a dozen countries and spoke to countless experts. So it will be aired on TV and live-streams and available in all the ways we can possibly make it available except free on YouTube because we have to recoup budget...
    12
  853. @sexyjazzy666 aha - this has to do with the crystalline structure of ice and how it is less dense than water. Under high pressure it is tougher to form that less dense crystalline solid.
    12
  854. Fixed it - thank you!
    12
  855. I have a video about this distinction already: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sehKAccM8p0 and I didn't want to make this video longer than it is.
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  856. +Graeme Skinner haha, nope - no connection. Though interesting fact: I uploaded this video from my hotel room in Perth and the hotel internet was so slow I had to cancel the upload, tether through my phone and upload through one particular telco's LTE network ;) The whole 1.1GB was uploaded in 20 min, much faster than the wifi connections I usually have.
    11
  857. a standard fission bomb produces much less radioactive fallout than a thermonuclear or H-bomb.
    11
  858. excellent deductions.
    11
  859. Thanks Michael, sometimes I don't know how much people know about a topic so I start by asking them in order to find out.
    11
  860. Thanks Elly!
    11
  861. iamterence77 I think it depends on what you're reading - if it's a children's book then you might be able to handle the higher word rates, but a dense text likely couldn't be understood at that speed
    11
  862. Er... um.... it's called fire.
    11
  863. Thanks! Got some ideas about how to make the vortex? What about a fire tornado!? Literally just came to me...
    11
  864. I don't think governments have been pushing for change. It comes from the scientists who study the climate. Their motivation really is to get the science right.
    11
  865. haha, sorry you feel this way. For the record Line-X did not sponsor or ask to be involved with the video in any way. My friends at How Ridiculous thought I might like to explain the science behind their experiment and I agreed it was cool.
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  866. wooohooo! Yeah this one is way harder than most things I've attempted. I actually made the first version seven months ago but it was impossible to understand, even minutephysics thought so. So I remade it and tried to make it more understandable. It's definitely better than the original.
    11
  867. I agree on many of these points. The suggestion, which is endorsed by Shell, Exxon, BP etc, is to put a price on carbon so the cost of using fossil fuels takes into account the real impact on the world. This will reduce consumption and make other technologies more competitive and spur innovation leading to tech adaptation. What's the incentive to invest in tech adaptation if it's always going to be more expensive than burning coal/oil because these technologies don't have to pay the full price of they pollution.
    11
  868. It's parabolic, but at that size it approximates a piece of a sphere. I've read that spherical is actually better for this effect but parabolic mirrors are easier to come by because they are better for telescope construction.
    11
  869. they are on motors and can be moved up and down. wizardry.
    11
  870. Thank you so much! Glad you enjoyed and think they're a good mix or complex but easy to follow, that's what we aim for :)
    11
  871. It is a suitable alternative but I wouldn't say it is better. Personify has another meaning 'to embody,' which is not what I meant so it is less clear.
    11
  872. because snow doesn't absorb UV... it reflects it.
    11
  873. and hunger games wasn't even paid! But it was something different. We learn by experimenting. @DERPRACER 
    11
  874. Uğur Dinç  said " it almost as if there is a hidden agenda here that is built by downplaying the value of natural food." Are you kidding me? The end of this video talks about how it's still possible to get everything you need from a balanced diet including lots of veg and fruit. Now the other points you raise are important, about monoculture and polyculture, about fertilizers and pesticides and certainly a deeper dive into these topics would be interesting and valuable. But this is one 7-min video and it considers some broad strokes of agriculture, specifically pointing out how increasing CO2 concentrations appear to have a diluting effect on the nutritional concentration in foods...
    11
  875. I miss those days  @justAguyDs 
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  876. He's an inspiration!
    11
  877. @scoutmasterkb28 Nope! It's not to do with Bernoulli's because that considers only pressure, gravitational energy and translational kinetic energy, not rotational energy.
    11
  878. I've been trying to cover off the basics first, but hopefully I'll get there soon. I guess when I think of the forces on you, I'm thinking about forces bigger than a couple Newtons, of which there are only two. I don't know about kinetic friction unless you're sliding some place, and static friction is not an issue either if you're standing without pushing off anything.
    11
  879. in the case of something orbiting, the acceleration is perpendicular to the velocity. This means it can change the direction of velocity but not its magnitude. For acceleration to cause a change in speed it must have a component in the same (or opposite) direction to velocity.
    11
  880. haha, yes definitely important. We just plugged into an online calculator that does all the hard math for you. I spent hours looking at how to do it properly and it's a giant pain!
    11
  881. It's called Catalyst and it's on ABC1 in Australia Thursdays at 8pm starting Feb. 7. It may be posted online if you're not in Australia. More details to come.
    11
  882. I like this. I'm actually thinking about having a little chat over on 2veritasium
    11
  883. I'd love to see NASA open itself to communications like that. But perhaps for good reasons I think access to scientists and equipment is very restricted. Maybe it would be a different story if they did it in house. I'd love to get to film around SpaceX too but the best I've had is a tour...
    11
  884. They do the same thing in French. Coincidence? ... yeah, probably. Maybe it dates back to the idea of opening and closing the blinds to let in more or less light...
    11
  885. plenty of misconceptions in this comment section but yes I take your point
    10
  886. Valladarex I appreciate your comments. I wasn't trying to change people's minds about climate change because I didn't think they needed changing (especially amongst my subscribers). But it looks like I was wrong. On the policy point, all major fossil fuel companies recommend putting a price on carbon emissions (e.g. check BP's website) so I didn't expect this to be a contentious point.
    10
  887. No true. Where do you get your facts? Volcanoes emit <1% of the CO2 emitted by humans.
    10
  888. +capsTV that's YouTube processing for you
    10
  889. Владимир Лосев it's even more complicated than that - the smoker dose is specifically to the lungs, so the astronaut actually gets a higher full body dose. But no one stays on the space station for more than six months so that is the most an astronaut would get in a year.
    10
  890. Thanks Ever! I think your explanation is really good. I also was concerned about talking about the forces on different objects but I wanted to address the buoyant force on the ping pong ball. I can't wait to post the answer to the extra experiment.
    10
  891. Have you seen my videos on quantum computing?
    10
  892. check the description. For your reference whole body doses for smokers are usually estimated at 10,000 to 13,000 microsieverts per year - roughly two CT scans worth
    10
  893. ***** Looking forward to discussing this in the next episode.
    10
  894. different French guy - I think that was De L'Isle
    10
  895. good catch!
    10
  896. 'Cause it's awesome - that's what a burning flying tea bag looks like
    10
  897. Thank you!
    10
  898. haha one of them is only months old, so no screen time!
    10
  899. Thanks for pointing this out. Will add a correction.
    10
  900. That sounds like fun!
    10
  901. This is a good point. I made the videos public so viewers didn't have to come back to this vid to get the link to different options.
    10
  902. Pressure melting plays a role but there are other factors which are much more important at lower temperatures, like the surface layer of unstable water molecules...
    10
  903. @c3vzn Oh, the complications. Rod and I discussed this but you always have to limit the scope of a video. I think it involves the flow on both sides becoming turbulent.
    10
  904. now that's harsh! Thought you'd enjoy our Eine Kleine Higgsmusik
    10
  905. it actually is not talking about a mirror expanding universe - but a doubling of the number of fundamental particles. These 'supersymmetric' particles have not yet been observed.
    10
  906. and it should be deep inelastic scatter but that's harder to say. Love the song!
    10
  907. I imagine it's the same principle - it swings around because of air effects, not gravity.
    10
  908. absolutely the best way to go when you want to beat the sub-50 odds of actually landing. If something worked in the past, why not try that again?!
    10
  909. I appreciate the feedback. This is the last video I'm doing in this style (at least on 1Ve) I did the Q&A as a special thing when I reached 500k subs to answer viewer questions. I just had a lot of Q&A material left over after the first vid, hence this one. So fear not, it's back to the old style after this.
    10
  910. love it!
    10
  911. because photons can interact with particles as they pass through the medium - and this takes time. MinutePhysics has a great vid on this.
    10
  912. +Sam Sırri emails travel much faster than regular mail. Though in a way we've just had a first degree connection so look on the bright side!
    9
  913. I think it was coincidence... though both this video and the one Thunderf00t critiqued were filmed months ago when I must have been going through a charged water droplet phase.
    9
  914. I did. The CO2 towers are in shot too in the video.
    9
  915. shoutout man! And I will think about how smart we can get, maybe for a new video with Michael...
    9
  916. And this is the biggest misconception of the violation of Bell's inequalities. The results show that any hidden variable theory must have interactions faster than light (be non-local). But standard QM doesn't have a much better position on this. As my quantum prof. put it "on one side you can keep a 'realist' view if you accept nonlocality, but on the other side (Copenhagen) where you give up realism altogether, its not like you get to keep locality because there is nothing real to be local or nonlocal anymore."
    9
  917. thanks for making it!
    9
  918. That's why I said "by a large margin". I think it's incredible that its scale and height were comparable to structures up to modern times, even if a church spire surpassed it by several metres in 1370
    9
  919. notice how that was his expert opinion ;)
    9
  920. haha, yeah I have no idea how ö is meant to be pronounced so I just ignore it and go with o.
    9
  921. I'm glad this video was relevant to your life. As I thought more about the statistical phenomena we are exposed to everyday, I was startled to realize all the things we mistakenly interpret as causal, which actually aren't. And I wholeheartedly agree that negative feedback is draining so it's always important to comment on the positives.
    9
  922. the reply is correct, the radiation from the tower falls off dramatically as you move away from it
    9
  923. Ireallyreally Hategoogle it's not meaningless, it's just not power...
    9
  924. Quite right, if anyone had said they had changed their diet to vegetarian or vegan I would have highlighted them
    9
  925. Different pyramids had different finishings. The pyramid of Menkaure was encased in granite. That's the one I was standing on for much of this video. Other pyramids used granite in the construction of the burial chambers etc.
    9
  926. Christopher Hernandez thank you and welcome!
    9
  927. yes, the scale reads your weight then divides by 9.8 and gives you an output in kg. So it could read 600N but most people like talking in kg so that's what it gives you
    9
  928. It's been in the description since I posted it - and I have referenced it in videos before, e.g. my one on regression to the mean
    9
  929. the particles coming from the sun are charged (mainly electrons and protons) so they are affected by Earth's magnetic field. The air molecules they collide with need not be ionized (though I imagine a small fraction are).
    9
  930. @tuto193 Um, I don't think the drink "filters" through the glass. The glass is just quite cold so water vapor from the air condenses onto it, making it wet.
    9
  931. @Hmjals The force would be 88% as much. That's what I mean by almost as much. 400km is not that large compared to the radius of Earth which is ~ 6400 km
    9
  932. It seems pretty complicated but the electric field in the bit of grape skin connecting the two halves apparently gets very large, causing some ionisation.
    9
  933. Matt, my man. I have only the finest taste in paper towel. I’m not sure what kind of bargain paper products you’re using but you’ve gotta feel the difference. I mean do you really think a corporation would pay me money so I can continue to make these videos, fly to interesting experiments, hire animators, and all around deliver the highest quality educational videos to you for free, just so I could say in a clearly delineated sponsored section that I choose their product? I mean, really. What kind of youtuber do you take me for?
    9
  934. lol Acipenser Sturio
    9
  935. @mzallocc You're right, what you discuss is what Hubble found in 1929. But, Prof. Schmidt took the experiment a step further and looked deep into space (further back in time) finding that the rate of expansion back then was less than now. This is pretty convincing evidence, hence the Nobel Prize.
    9
  936. @edwaddie we give it this velocity so that it can orbit the Earth.
    9
  937. @ZackMeyer1 Dark matter. Prof Schmidt said dark energy is tied to space so the more space there is, the more dark energy there is. Troubling for the law of conservation of (mass)energy, which perhaps doesn't hold on the scale of the universe.
    9
  938. thank you - many of those videos especially about the electric circuit are good I think. I'm happy to have a bigger discussion and for experts in particular areas to have their say. It may spur a follow up, which can only be a good thing. I really appreciate your support over the long term!
    9
  939. They are the questions I had too. I really am both people in the conversation.
    9
  940. Yup, I'm living in Sydney and working on some segments for Catalyst... stay tuned!
    9
  941. If you want to see the Aerogel Trilogy, like this video - and let me know what you want to see in the comments. Also, I'm on a plane about to take off so if you spot any mistakes, there's nothing I can do about them now - sorry!
    9
  942. @teequlah since this point comes up often, I'll address it. If no net forces act on an object, it moves with constant velocity. So yes, it is possible the tennis ball is moving down very slowly but this would be due to a slight downward velocity before the slinky was released. The key is that it does not accelerate down until the slinky collapses. I am thinking about repeating this to show that the tennis ball can move up as the slinky is falling down.
    9
  943. @Wafflecakepies I think you have this reversed. Steam is the visible water droplets suspended in air whereas water vapour is the gaseous phase of water. Normally, however where there is steam there will be water vapour and vice versa.
    9
  944. Plus, If you enjoyed this video and want to go deeper, you'll find extended interviews, deleted scenes, and some of our early thumbnail concepts over on Patreon https://www.patreon.com/posts/patreon-what-112039394
    9
  945. martijn smit I don't imagine you watch history channel 2 but I did some segments on there for the Ancient Impossible series.
    8
  946. apologies, those formulas are there for people who know what they mean (and to say if we were going to explain them I'd have to take 'fun' out of the title)
    8
  947. I'm not suggesting you be afraid of tomorrow Rick, but evidence has been mounting that human activity is causing the globe to warm. Yes, global warming is happening. That doesn't mean everywhere will be hotter all the time and it also doesn't mean warming is the only concern - there will be more extreme weather events, droughts, floods, etc hence climate change. Scientists agree and industry agrees (e.g. "BP believes that climate change is an important long-term issue that justifies global action") so we should probably get on with it and do something about it.
    8
  948. it's a thing I do with all demos. I do it in classrooms too - seems to get everyone focused and ready so they don't miss it.
    8
  949. +Thomas Birtles Noooooooo! What will happen to my channel without you? I'm not sure I can keep making videos if you, Thomas, are no longer subscribed. Sad!
    8
  950. Yeah but they work collectively to make policy that helps everyone in the long term. Like in Australia they force all employers to pay at least 9% on top of each employee's salary into a retirement fund you can't spend until you're 65, because they know if they just strongly recommended you save for retirement few would do it.
    8
  951. TheForfal I think you get PBS, right? Otherwise please email the CBC
    8
  952. +Nick Charlton Phantom 4
    8
  953. soon...
    8
  954. the problem is average speed is total distance over total time. So let's say the track was 1km long. Your first lap would take you an hour and your second lap would take you 20 min. Now you've 'run' 2km/1.333hr = 1.5km/h
    8
  955. I should do a video on this as well - it appears that humans are more convinced by anecdotes than well controlled, large sample size experiments. Those experiments exist but the sports study (though small) is illustrative.
    8
  956. I am not sorry.
    8
  957. If you enjoyed this video and would like to dive deeper into the topic, join us on Patreon to see all the research that didn't make the final cut https://www.patreon.com/posts/everything-that-110374546
    8
  958. Thank you! Things have been busy but I hope you enjoy this. I'm already working on the next one.
    8
  959. OK, I recognise the last vid may have been confusing. Bernoulli is fine if you don't make simplifications like 'air meets up at the trailing edge,' and 'air does not need to be deflected by its interaction with the air foil.' This is what I was trying to say. And the reason I made that vid was so there would be backup for this vid because I knew we didn't have time to go into lift in detail in this vid.
    8
  960. Don't build it up too much! I'm on the road and much too busy to do something ridiculously awesome.
    8
  961. If you tested them with and without single photons, they would be statistically slightly more likely to say they saw one when they did, though there would be many false positives and negatives.
    8
  962. But I read my comments obsessively! If you press on the X side when the X is facing down (so what you see is blank), you still see the X. Hope this answers your question.
    8
  963. May Awbin yeah I was noticing the talking was very different...
    8
  964. Not necessarily but good to double check because a lot (particularly older ones) have this ozone issue
    8
  965. this is an interesting perspective - thanks for sharing. I imagine there's a future both for people like you and people who need to get from A to B as quickly, easily and cheaply as possible. @NickBiancalana 
    8
  966. Do you have a link for us? The computer simulation was not numerically solving the problem, it was just a way of visualising what was happening. Check out the link to the paper in the description to see the details.
    8
  967. <3
    8
  968. Thank you so much! Glad you enjoyed!
    8
  969. haha - yeah apparently UV doesn't damage the fungi (they tested) but the change in temp and humidity seems to negatively affect them.
    8
  970. Chlorine has a smaller radius until the electron transfer is made. But this is too tricky to do...
    8
  971. Literally Shitler I think this is a very good point. I thought about emphasizing that - I am where I am because of all the twists and turns and backup plans. Would I have been equally successful without the other stuff? 🤷🏻‍♂️
    8
  972. Thank you for all your kind words, glad to hear you enjoyed the video :)
    8
  973. I would love to work more science in, but we are on an incredibly tight schedule so I need to give the producers what they want - short snappy segments with punchy answers to the host's questions. When I get a bit more experienced, I'm sure I'll get more science in there.
    8
  974. true story, I could only locate 9 electrons (polystyrene balls), where 10 were required for the C-O scene. So we tried to cheat a bit.
    8
  975. they turn the rocket on its side once it's left the densest part of the atmosphere
    8
  976. If you have ideas of places I should go check out, please suggest them in replies to this comment.
    8
  977. @mrhashbrowns the effect is something called a standing wave - where the traveling waves are bouncing back and forth in the tube and creating a consistent pattern.
    8
  978. This is a video about a technology: electric cars. I'll leave the brand decisions up to the individual.
    8
  979. ok so transpiration reduces the pressure at the top, but atmospheric pressure can only push water up 10m, so for a 100m tree, where are the other 9 atm of pressure coming from?
    8
  980. bet I will.
    8
  981. haha - thank you!
    8
  982. Ed Covney gasdive was exactly right, which is why I didn't respond.
    7
  983. I appreciate the feedback. I think the types of studies you are interested in have been done. I didn't address them in the video because it wasn't my main point. The point was: when you're trying to assess the effectiveness of feedback you give, you may due to statistical factors come to a conclusion that is entirely unsupported by the evidence. This is a video about regression to the mean, investigated from the perspective of feedback. It's not a video about feedback that touches on regression to the mean.
    7
  984. Will do - thanks for the video response!
    7
  985. if this one does well, there may be more. I'm a little concerned it's too esoteric a topic.
    7
  986. TheCrossfire951 thank you!
    7
  987. William O. http://www.smbc-comics.com/?id=3146
    7
  988. Blueswoon thank you!
    7
  989. +Ghassen Smaoui title capitalization? http://grammar.yourdictionary.com/capitalization/rules-for-capitalization-in-titles.html
    7
  990. +Sij Cecilio I'm thinking about making a video about procrastination. Just thinking about it though. I'm probably not going to make it, at least not for a long while ;)
    7
  991. +Breakfast221 This is in Topanga Canyon, so yes just outside LA in the Santa Monica Mountains
    7
  992. if you flip ten heads in a row, chances are your next run of heads will be less than ten. I know this sounds counter-intuitive and a little like the Gambler's Fallacy, which is why I tried to address it.
    7
  993. I'm working on it! It's hard!!
    7
  994. +Harshil Lal kind of, but because I couldn't say your name if I saw your face I don't count as a first degree acquaintance...
    7
  995. +TKWeckroth just happened!
    7
  996. MrBlockyTV I think you mean prize but your thanks is enough :)
    7
  997. Banana39489 go to Chernobyl! You'll get the vibe.
    7
  998. yeah, the researchers used some nonsense characters, similar to the nonsense English words - it served the research purpose however.
    7
  999. that's the idea of hidden information - they know what spin they will have the whole time if measured in any direction, and we just find out in the measurement. But the Bell experiment result indicates this can't be the case because if they have hidden information all along we'd get different results at least 5/9ths of the time. But we only get different results 50% of the time. You can't explain this result with 'hidden information all along' logic.
    7
  1000. I think 4 or more... not that it's helps any ;)
    7
  1001. you 'pay' for YouTube by seeing the ads. For me personally, I'd prefer paying a cent per view and having an ad-free site.
    7
  1002. it is more or less, isn't it? You can have a new moon around sunset or sunrise but not in the middle of the night because you're right, it would be on the opposite side of the Earth
    7
  1003. blueshift occurs when objects are moving fast through space towards you. Space is expanding so most galaxies are redshifted, but some objects happen to be coming towards us, hence the blue shift.
    7
  1004. that's a simulation by the CSIRO in Australia
    7
  1005. yes meeting at the trailing edge and no air deflection down are parts of the standard misconception
    7
  1006. on short notice, no. I know a few friends that have them, but then there's the awkward conversation about asking to borrow it and worrying about breaking it. The guitar was borrowed in any case.
    7
  1007. If you are on your way to the moon, you really do reach a point where the Earth's gravity is negligible. Two Earth diameters away from Earth and your weight would be 4% of its present value (and the moon is roughly 30 Earth diameters away)
    7
  1008. two explanations for one lift force. If you integrate the pressure over the whole surface of the wing, you get the force on the wing, and there is an equal and opposite force on the air.
    7
  1009. In 2019 I made 31 videos, which is pretty good I think!
    7
  1010. @voiceofreason2008 You're aware there is a previous regelation of ice video, right?
    7
  1011. It is but for other reasons - because of the unstable layer of water on the surface of ice.
    7
  1012. Thanks John, I appreciate it! @johnboyd6000 
    7
  1013. it is both a longitudinal wave and a standing wave. A standing wave just means there is a forward-going (compression) wave and a backward-going (compression) wave to produce points of maximum wave amplitude (anti-nodes) and points of no wave amplitude (nodes).
    7
  1014. just some days and haven't been on a lot lately because I've been out of town. I'm on my way to San Francisco tomorrow. Back in November!!
    7
  1015. @valvopaul lol
    7
  1016. You know that was my video right? By in space, I just meant in zero gravity, eg. inside a space ship far away from any masses (but still with air in it).
    7
  1017. Yeah that's my bad - sorry. It could have been reduced to 3+6x but the result is the same. x=1
    7
  1018. Thank you. I'm not sure how many hours I sunk into this one but well over 100... so thanks for appreciating it!
    7
  1019. That’s why you start at the box with your number, in this case box 50
    7
  1020. thank you for this comment - we debated including the part about ocean dead zones but couldn't find a place where it felt like it fit.
    7
  1021. btw I'm on my way to the dentist in 10 min. That's a very helpful profession, we can't live well without it!
    7
  1022. @ParbelleCondorcet Excellent work! I think I was using 30 gauge wire. It did take some hours for the wire to pass through. Also I'm told the pressure effect works mainly above -3C so I hope it's not too cold where you are.
    7
  1023. Snap!
    7
  1024. Sweet! That is awesome!
    7
  1025. You have to get up to speed by the time you reach orbit so you don't really have much choice. But 3g's is not so bad that you'd really risk blacking out
    7
  1026. It's not upwards, it's horizontal - and at that point I imagine you're 'falling' vertically. It's on the NASA graph if you look carefully.
    7
  1027. Yes - this!
    7
  1028. Seems to work for me...
    7
  1029. My posts are seemingly random because my life is random. I always try for one per week but I don't know when that will be. Just set your subscribe settings for email alerts.
    7
  1030. bazinga!
    6
  1031. thanks man!
    6
  1032. perhaps that's why you like channels like this one.
    6
  1033. That's exactly the point - as prices go up, consumers consume less so CO2 emissions go down. In Australia the policy was setup to refund most families so that they were not worse off due to the increased expense (but their behaviours were still affected by the rising prices). Plus this encourages investment in renewable energies which are more competitive once all the costs associated with fossil fuel production are taken into account.
    6
  1034. That's how it would work if the particles had hidden information, e.g. all along one particle would give UDU, and the other particle would give DUD if measured in the three directions. But if that were true of these entangled particles you would expect to see different results from the detectors 5/9ths of the time. But we don't - we only get different results 50% of the time. This can't be accounted for in any kind of classical analogy.
    6
  1035. +Hamstertractor good question - there is variability due to the temp, pressure and humidity of air which varies the buoyant force. This likely swamps the contribution from dust. But I bet they also do regular cleaning
    6
  1036. Where did you get your data about volcano emissions? Every year their emissions are roughly 1% of human emissions. Even the big Mount Pinatubo eruption released only 42 million tonnes of CO2, compared to 23 billion tonnes from human sources that year (1991). http://www.agu.org/pubs/pdf/2011EO240001.pdf
    6
  1037. That sucks! call them and explain what happened. Or send them an email - I'm sure they can sort this out.
    6
  1038. Tarvoskemwer It would have no swirl at all
    6
  1039. Vellwander hahaha awesome!
    6
  1040. You must know them IRL and they must know you, ie be able to look at your face and say your name
    6
  1041. "Stale Mate"
    6
  1042. you have to get them in your lungs for the radiation to deliver its dose to your tissues.
    6
  1043. Walker Partin I am referring to a poem called Desiderata "speak your truth quietly and clearly..." that is my goal in this video. I say my truth because it's clear we cannot know what happens after death. This is what makes sense to me. I could be wrong and I'm ok with that.
    6
  1044. Right?! That bit is my favourite
    6
  1045. Alex Cox Glad you liked it - H20 contributes to radiative forcing on the order of 75 W/m2 whereas CO2 is around 32 W/m2 so not quite 450x but obviously it plays a huge role. And the thing that regulates H20 in the atmosphere is temperature, so the hotter it gets the more there will be.
    6
  1046. Magnus effect is not a consequence of the Bernoulli effect. It's a skin friction (adhesion) effect even if some places claim otherwise
    6
  1047. or Facebook employees. It's rare to see a like:dislike ratio this good on any YT video.
    6
  1048. watch on a small screen ;)
    6
  1049. I think we need systematic change, where the cost of carbon emissions is taken into account - that will allow the market to find the best solutions. But this can't happen with cheap fossil fuel burning technologies because they don't currently have to pay for the wastes they produce.
    6
  1050. +losveratos CGPGrey loves to hate. By making him hate, he also loves it...
    6
  1051. steve jobs CBC could pick it up if you email them
    6
  1052. I like those ones too - I'll keep this in mind. The programming on this channel is not really organized, it's whatever I'm into at the time.
    6
  1053. like anything, as it spreads out through space it's energy becomes less dense, not primarily because energy is being lost but simply because it is more spread out. That's why sound and light for example decrease in intensity proportional to 1/distance^2
    6
  1054. +Manas Sarpatwar not a problem at all, got to vote with your heart
    6
  1055. haha - the people who were the most willing to bet were in finance
    6
  1056. break it.
    6
  1057. as soon as you start interacting with one, they are no longer entangled.
    6
  1058. Exactly!
    6
  1059. Robo Batman now you know!
    6
  1060. +Howard Wiggins I'm not sure I'd say pointless, but of limited value if your goal is getting things for sure. Interesting insights are revealed through the study of networks, some of which are practical (e.g. your acquaintances are more likely to help you find new opportunities) and impractical (like the fact you are connected to a very high percentage of the population through just six connections, regardless of the reality that they mostly won't be helpful to you).
    6
  1061. have to be careful with magnetic vs. charged. The cup is charged, not magnetic.
    6
  1062. yes, and that will happen again. Sometimes a topic or idea lends itself better to that treatment and sometimes to this sort. I hope you enjoy both as I enjoy making both.
    6
  1063. 1. They can be faint, such that you need a camera with a long exposure to really see them - but other times they fill the sky and are nearly as bright as the moon. 2. They sometimes move very slowly and other times are quite quick. I almost filmed some in real time because I was curious about this - I did some 2 second exposure time lapses so these are more similar to real time. Check out my other vid on this topic to see them.
    6
  1064. I think this is short-sighted. It's where he started but these days he dedicates a lot of his time to thinking about world problems and speaking with experts on lots of topics. The Gates Foundation has been focused on World Health for decades.
    6
  1065.  @Bibibosh  I hear you! And I'll do what I can for you - not all the time but when appropriate
    6
  1066. I think this is perfectly accurate.
    6
  1067. @BAR2Q12 Sure - it would be unconventional but you could do it. Scientists prefer one digit in front of the decimal place for some reason.
    6
  1068. @elmepo232 the performance mic was a new purchase on my North American trip - I will be using it in interviews from now on. I should add that the purchase was inspired by comments like this one.
    6
  1069. The pressure at ground level is not 10atm. It's about 1atm. The xylem tubes are not that thin - they can be as wide as 0.2mm so it is certainly not a chain of single water molecules. Although water is evaporating from the stomata, it is the evaporation from nanoscale cell wall pores behind the stomata that allow huge negative pressures to be created. I read a lot of answers online and I didn't feel any explained it adequately, and given your explanation I think my assessment was justified.
    6
  1070. Thank you! Glad to hear you enjoyed!
    6
  1071. you could but that would take a lot of energy and cost a lot of money
    6
  1072. Where’s the armor, man?
    6
  1073. haha, yes - right again!
    6
  1074. Wow, thank you so much for your support! Really glad to hear you enjoyed the video and thank you for your kind words. Because of the support you and others provide we can continue doing this, so anything done to make the world a better place is also supported by you. Thank you again!
    6
  1075. I definitely see aspects of that - thanks for pointing this out! @Sonicgott 
    6
  1076. Thanks! I appreciate the reminders. @ioresult 
    6
  1077. Thank you! @labhanshchaurasia9980 
    6
  1078. All good ideas, @minutephysics told me the ending was too abrupt too... @samwoodfin 
    6
  1079. I hear you, and in hindsight it's so obvious what I needed to do. @eaofdeath187 
    6
  1080. It's my pleasure.
    6
  1081. Agreed! My prediction: we're going to see a series of images over time, not just one image... Maybe this is wishful thinking but I think they've got the tech to do it.
    6
  1082. um, we don't need gravity to digest food. Smooth muscle lining your digestive tract keeps the food moving.
    6
  1083. I was working with the animator on these things. That was one of my notes. I don't think it's exactly in the middle, but it probably isn't as high as 500 should be...
    6
  1084. fixed!
    6
  1085. @jamesahibbard This is a good point - but I've tried it with people at many different angles, close up and far away and they still see it as moving with constant velocity. Therefore I think the perception is more a result of our smooth tracking eyes.
    6
  1086. Wow, thanks!
    6
  1087. @amandarandom89 I like this - well said. (the slinky is made of metal so I would say 'atom' rather than molecule)
    6
  1088. Thank you so much 😀
    6
  1089. Bangalore
    6
  1090. I was planning on making Uranium, and in fact I rolled the balls for it. But it's never made it to a video :(
    6
  1091. Thank you!
    6
  1092. max straw length would be about 10cm... Assuming you could breath in Martian atmosphere
    6
  1093.  @hugowijk3676  yes I can see it. I think it's annoying how many times in this comment section you've accused me of deleting or hiding your comment. But I haven't. It's here and it always has been. I won't delete any comments as a matter of principle. I'd rather respond to them than try to sweep them under the rug, which in my view just makes it worse.
    6
  1094. wow.
    6
  1095. it's part of a - try to make this video's performance not suck strategy. haha - so far ineffective. Personally I thought it was a good video.
    6
  1096. If you don't really like them and want them to avoid you, then yes.
    6
  1097. @tanner9449 The diameter shouldn't matter but it did seem to be easier with 3mm (when we did the 6m attempts). For the 10.3m attempt, we tried the 5mm because we felt that was more in line with a standard straw.
    6
  1098. The statement is not contradictory because there are times when the Earth, sun and moon line up, even though the orbital plane of the moon is tilted at 5 degrees relative to Earth's orbital plane around the sun. These are the rare eclipse events.
    6
  1099. For the record I never remove comments. I’m too lazy for that. Happy for you to say what you like about the video. Also a physics prof bet me $10k I was wrong. He later conceded and paid up. I made a video on it. So there’s that.
    6
  1100. True story. Obsessed. I couldn’t sleep. Still can’t.
    6
  1101. no - friction is not the main effect - if you try to stop a rolling car, it is hard and in this case friction is helping you.
    6
  1102. "Although careful writers will try to stick with the distinction between “further” and “farther,” the Oxford English Dictionary, Fowler's Modern English Usage, and a number of other sources say that, in most cases, it's fine to use “further” and “farther” interchangeably, especially when the distinction isn't clear. People have been using them interchangeably for hundreds of years, and a few experts don't even follow the distinction."
    6
  1103. sound waves compress and spread out the air, so they do affect the air and gas pressure.
    6
  1104. at the very end, there's a graphic that hints at it - the wings need to be angled so they have an appropriate angle of attack such that they deflect air down.
    6
  1105. There are lots of fields, no need to single out the Higgs field - what about the electromagnetic field, the electron field, or the quark field? Reality seems to be based on the existence of quite a few fields. So if you want, you could ask why does anything exist at all? Lawrence Krauss took a stab at this in his latest book.
    6
  1106. we did use Skype!
    6
  1107. "Speak your truth quietly and clearly; and listen to others," That's a line from the poem Desiderata, which I quite like. This is my truth, which is what Veritasium is all about. The things I have said in this video are not controversial amongst climate scientists or industry. For example, BP's website advocates putting a price on carbon to "make energy efficiency and conservation more attractive to businesses and individuals and lower-carbon energy sources more cost competitive."
    5
  1108. +Nick Donaldson there are some double bonds - that's a monomer of melanin
    5
  1109. +Bahaa Hi! 👋
    5
  1110. the barrier is an obstruction under the surface of the oil. Normally the wave won't travel there but under just the right dynamics the wave and particle will bounce across.
    5
  1111. Mel le it actually enables it. Snipers must take into account cross winds because they can generate positive or negative lift due to the Magnus effect. Bullets spin to help maintain their orientation in flight.
    5
  1112. naperdood doesn't it? I had a hard time believing it myself. I wonder how much research went into designing the surface material on those rotors.
    5
  1113. +Dan Dan Yang GH5 plus a DJI Phantom 4 drone
    5
  1114. The IPCC reports are not particularly alarmist because they have to incorporate the input from hundreds of scientists from around the world. The consensus is average global temperatures will be 1.4 - 5 C warmer by the end of the century depending on different emissions scenarios. Incidentally I am shooting a documentary on nuclear for PBS - it is a science doco that will trace the history of nuclear from the discovery of Uranium through to Fukushima and beyond, addressing its potential, new reactor designs, and the challenges like long-term waste disposal.
    5
  1115. like, comment, or share - Facebook reports these numbers
    5
  1116. Super Sand Lezbian that's how they say it in Australia...
    5
  1117. Jonathan B there's a card in the top right, or a link in the video description
    5
  1118. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2015/04/23/a-stunning-visualization-of-our-divided-congress/?utm_term=.a790f5f4d0f5
    5
  1119. HistoricaHungarica No swirl! That is if you get it just right - would have to dampen all motion for a few days and keep the pool enclosed from wind, thermal gradients etc.
    5
  1120. matt machine We did run the experiment multiple times, at least three times in each hemisphere and got the same results with all trials. Plus this experiment was carried out in the 1960's at MIT and in the southern hemisphere with almost identical setups and results. (this info was all in the description)
    5
  1121. Here are the predictions overlaid with the observations. They do agree within margins of error: http://static.skepticalscience.com/pics/ProjvsObs.png If you've rejected the science, I take it you're a scientist? What kind of science do you do?
    5
  1122. thank you!
    5
  1123. the problem is if it had a well defined state, you would sometimes find that the same measurement of spin on both particles would yield the same result - eg. they might both give spin up from time to time and they NEVER do (when measured in the same direction). This leads us to believe their spins are ill-defined before the measurement such that their spin truly is "opposite the other particle" before you measure it.
    5
  1124. Thanks you!
    5
  1125. haha - yeah I had to half take off my headphones while editing the first hospital scene, but I want people to feel the fear - it comes on gradually so gives you time to adjust the headphones/volume
    5
  1126. James Carey thanks for the heads up!
    5
  1127. only four thank goodness!
    5
  1128. no - you get page likes from click farms and then they never engage. That is the problem - and then they restrict your reach so your posts never make it to genuine people.
    5
  1129. it was pretty well understood that mercury expanded proportional to temperature, at least in the everyday temperature range.
    5
  1130. because each bit gives you a fifty/fifty on the remaining outcomes. It I roll a dice and you're trying to figure out what it landed on, you ask: Is it greater than or equal to four? Yes (1) Is it four? No (0) Is it five? Yes (1) Three carefully asked yes/no questions will allow you to determine with certainty what the result was.
    5
  1131. You can't write it in English.
    5
  1132. Humans emit about 100 times the amount of CO2 as volcanoes. 
    5
  1133. hello!
    5
  1134. Andrew Kovnat what's your favorite video?
    5
  1135. yeah with experience the others were fine. It was just me - and the fact the plane is shaking a bit doesn't help you stabilize yourself.
    5
  1136. Evert Borghgraef Listen to SmarterEveryDay
    5
  1137. Emissions from the energy sector were down nearly 8%: http://www.smh.com.au/data-point/carbon-tax-contributes-to-emissions-drop-20121017-27rl6.html
    5
  1138. andi sixtimesseven some cells operate in the 2.1-2.5 GHz band, others are a little lower as you say, 0.8-1.9 GHz, still pretty close: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_frequencies
    5
  1139. thank you!
    5
  1140. it is natural...
    5
  1141.  @hugowijk3676  To be clear: No deletion. I'm not sure I've ever deleted a comment. I think it's a matter of principle. Are you sure it's gone? Sometimes YouTube has one thing as the top comment for a while and then it switches. I knew people were going to say 'hey, that's not a real flamethrower.' which is why I say in the video it's 'not-a-flame-thrower' I also put that in the top of the description. I don't mind discussing it but I do think it's kind of beside the point. As I said we almost had a 150ft liquid propellant flame thrower for this task but we decided against it because we couldn't find a good location. And frankly 150 ft of flame is overkill for what you can reasonably film. Plus this thing throws flames. So I think it's ok to refer to it generically as a 'flamethrower' even though technically it's not.
    5
  1142. mass curves spacetime such that photons follow straight paths through curved space. But yes, gravity is a property of all things with energy not only mass. More on this coming on 2Ve
    5
  1143. I've been thinking about that...  @md.niamulahadchowdhury7403 
    5
  1144. It was really tough to get through all the applications hence the radio silence. I'm sorry! @jayapandey2541 
    5
  1145. Gravity is not a force, not that it doesn’t exist
    5
  1146. You have to use software that all the scientists use and are comfortable with...
    5
  1147. nope, the streams don't meet with incompressible fluids - for this case air is fairly incompressible, that's an assumption of Bernoulli's Principle
    5
  1148. 謝謝
    5
  1149. I'm here to help.
    5
  1150. @juanpedro19840914 It IS posted - click one of the links at the end of the video -- or watch 'Regelation Comparison'
    5
  1151. @HayZing I think mainly because neutron radiation is not very common. Virtually all radioactive atoms decay by emitting alpha, beta, or gamma rays. The only place where one would find a significant number of neutrons is in a nuclear reactor.
    5
  1152. @Arghira haha let's go with just awesome
    5
  1153. haha - thanks! @zackscott7525 
    5
  1154. Never! Keep clicking!!
    5
  1155. @unluckylion sadly some of us do not have real slo mo though (this was shot at 50 fps). Dr. Phil's t-shirt on the other hand is authentic!
    5
  1156. Done!
    5
  1157. I didn’t and yes he put a lot of words in my mouth, like saying “the pilots were too egotistical” to let the plane land automatically. I said all this to him in an email before he posted. He disregarded.
    5
  1158. No, thank you!
    5
  1159. @ASTROTZUR you can find a lot of good explanations on the web, just google 'acceleration of a bungy jumper'
    5
  1160. @EastPennDrumline The explanation is now posted...
    5
  1161. They actually do have some throttle - they reduce the power down to 70% to limit max stress on the craft as they're accelerating through dense atmosphere
    5
  1162. The central point is inside the Earth. What is remarkable about that video is how not-to-scale it is. The moon should be about 30 Earth diameters away. So yes the Earth and moon orbit a common centre of mass, but that point happens to be inside the Earth while the moon swings around at a distance of about 380,000 km
    5
  1163. Better to make a great video than to hit a deadline.
    5
  1164. music in this vid was thanks to Appchat - often I just spend a lot of time listening to tracks before I pick something. The beard is here to stay!
    5
  1165. that's right because here they are forming a 'standing wave'
    5
  1166. they were talking about the spherical symmetry of the electron's electric field, not the electron itself which appears to be a point particle.
    5
  1167. if I were back on the West Coast I probably would have missed it too! Had to get up at 5am ET (2am PT) after flying all yesterday. I'm back to the airport in 3 hours. Worth it.
    5
  1168. @RoGdl12345 2p + 2n makes a particularly stable combination - the He-4 nucleus - which can escape from unstable bigger nuclei.
    5
  1169. Thank you! That's great to hear, really glad you enjoyed and learnt something.
    5
  1170. Hey! I want to pass along a personal apology - things have been incredibly hectic and I haven't prioritised the follow-up video. I really want it to be awesome so I'm not going to rush the answer. Hope you can hang in there, I guarantee it will be worth it!
    5
  1171. Thank you very much for your continuous support over the years! Merry Christmas to you and all those you celebrate with too!
    5
  1172. The prisoner starts at the box with their number on it. So they can only close the loop when they find their slip. They can't close the loop 'prematurely'. In your example with the thirty units, to close the loop, the last slip he finds must be his own. The only way you fail to find your number is if it happens to be on a loop longer than 50
    5
  1173. I don't think this explanation is accurate. The centre of mass only accelerates down at 9.8 m/s^2 if gravity is the only force acting. In this case, there is an upward force where the chain is attached to the railing, resulting in the whip effect discussed in the video.
    5
  1174. This is basically it. The interview was 15 minutes.
    5
  1175. Just wait til you see the video of the launch from the glacier. That is spectacular!
    5
  1176. Christopher Marley yeah that didn’t go well
    5
  1177. thank you! I spent a lot of time working on it and people like @minutephysics gave me great advice, cutting things out and telling me to add diagrams, animations, etc.
    5
  1178. Thank you for all your kind words, we're glad you enjoyed it!
    5
  1179. Exactly!
    5
  1180. @dianaruslanovna Um, no. The gravitational force is always attractive. And thankfully the moon doesn't get pulled into our atmosphere. The pull from the Earth is what keeps the moon orbiting around the Earth.
    5
  1181. I don't think so. The centre of mass of both objects should hit the ground at the same time, but the top of the slinky is going so fast by the time it gets to the bottom, it often passes the bottom and would therefore hit first.
    5
  1182. we'd be horribly, horribly in debt forever.
    5
  1183. Very true! I actually had interviews from New York City about this, but somehow in all my travels the footage got lost. I was pretty gutted but I needed to move the story along anyway. But I'll be coming back to this point within a few weeks.
    5
  1184. hahaha - let's congratulate my new musician/sound guy/editor/animator Jonny who is awesome at soundscaping
    5
  1185. @bramshih This is a good question. The answer is Newton's Third Law is never violated. If you are standing still the normal force must be equal to your weight. If a table breaks beneath you, then the normal force is less than weight and you accelerate to the Earth. This doesn't violate Newton's third law because the equal and opposite reaction force is actually the force with which you attract the earth. Check out my vid on Newton's third.
    5
  1186. @valentine446 your comment is obviously true. But sometimes we anthropomorphise objects to help others relate to the physics.
    5
  1187. disagree. You want as much friction between the tires and the road as possible. The friction that impedes your motion is rolling friction in the bearings that hold the axles. This is minimal, which explains why it is tough to bring a rolling car to a stop - inertia! This is difficult even though friction is helping you.
    5
  1188. I think the question almost always was “name a random number between 1-100” - often people gave us favorite numbers: eg 23 for Michael Jordan. So sometimes I emphasized the desire for a RANDOM number rather than a favorite one…
    5
  1189. I will try to keep you up to date with what's going on in Alaska but I also don't want to bore you with too many posts about the same thing so we'll see how I go.
    5
  1190. Yeah the different pronunciations went through my head as I was saying it. I was worried reroute might be rude for Australians.
    5
  1191. right, but a drop in power of 50-60% is pretty significant
    5
  1192. You're welcome. Thank you
    5
  1193. I would expect there to be a type of credit, where parents could put down $20 or so and then you could watch 2000 videos before you have to recharge.
    5
  1194. @NickTopakas oh, well all the ideas were getting to the point and the third idea is the scientific conception (more or less) that all mass attracts all other mass.
    5
  1195. @MrLatrommi Most introductory physics courses draw all forces acting through the centre of mass because this avoids complexities due to rotational motion.
    5
  1196. Spot on, also I made a very similar video, elevator anecdote and all 4 years previous (different sponsor, same message). Tom knew this but didn’t draw the logical conclusion that this is something I believe in and I think the data supports.
    5
  1197. MugenNiFukuzatsuna *too hard
    4
  1198. could be anything. I was imagining an electron and anti-electron pair for some reason.
    4
  1199. I don't think luck is something a person can affect, I think it's synonymous with random chance (that's a better word for it, but some people think in terms of luck). You can't affect chance obviously but when it goes your way you could say you've had 'good luck'.
    4
  1200. Vsauce joke!
    4
  1201. +eldukedrino understanding how our universe works and where it came from. Besides that, not much.
    4
  1202. I'll just leave this here... https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VINBZFff-tQ
    4
  1203. you're welcome! thanks for your support
    4
  1204. NaegaNova Sorry, the point of this video was not to persuade people (I naively thought they were all already persuaded). The point was to ask people who already understand climate change to take some action.
    4
  1205. ***** please email the BBC
    4
  1206. No! It's together with ASAPscience - they are the special guests, I am the host.
    4
  1207. Turcik because it's not the Coanda effect. "the tendency of a jet of fluid emerging from an orifice to follow an adjacent flat or curved surface and to entrain fluid from the surroundings so that a region of lower pressure develops." you can't entrain fluid from the surroundings if there is no water (only air) in the surroundings. The effect is similar but based on adhesion of the water to the ball and cohesion of the water to itself.
    4
  1208. Dorth Lous Do you get PBS? Otherwise ask CBC. If enough people ask it may just happen.
    4
  1209. Wiizl note that we did the experiment three times in each hemisphere, filled the opposite way to how it drained, and they always drained the way theory said they should. Plus there was a published study demonstrating this with a six foot pool back in the 60s (all of this is in the description btw)
    4
  1210. Skycoca That sounds like a very mature way to handle things - block out all voices that disagree with your opinion. Scientists don't talk of things being "proven" because it's too strong a word. There can be evidence for certain hypotheses and evidence against hypotheses, but ultimately it comes down to how much of each types exist. Scientists weigh up this data and, when there is enough evidence, they come to a consensus, as climate scientists have now. This doesn't necessarily mean they are right, but it certainly is suggestive. Regarding the sun, its impact on our climate is not in doubt. The cyclical changes in Earth's orbit have led to past changes in the way solar radiation impacts the Earth and on the resulting climate. We have good observations of the sun now and for the last few hundred years and nothing in these observations justifies the level of warming observed.
    4
  1211. thaneross haha, I remain optimistic
    4
  1212. drBenyy You're right, underwater volcanoes emit a decent amount of CO2 (between 66 to 97 million tonnes of CO2 per year). However, these emissions are balanced by the carbon sink provided by newly formed ocean floor lava. Consequently, underwater volcanoes have little effect on atmospheric CO2 levels.
    4
  1213. ***** it's awesome!
    4
  1214. A turbine is far better (which is why we use them). This is just a cool demo of an electrostatic positive feedback loop.
    4
  1215. If you believe that scientists' predictions haven't come true, doesn't that mean they can't have ignored or changed the data? And if you believe that disagreeing with one person about one thing means you are no longer interested in what they have to say, I wouldn't want your subscription.
    4
  1216. TBD
    4
  1217. Answers: 1. We live in an optimal temperature range for right now. The temperature has been relatively stable for thousands of years, allowing ecosystems to develop. What we risk here is having the climate change faster than organisms can adapt. 2. Flight traffic most certainly affects climate and is included in climate models.
    4
  1218. Haha - I think he's awesome. I dream of owning a Tesla one day and having solar panels on the top of my house. Yeah, he does some awesome stuff. I got a tour of SpaceX and it was incredible.
    4
  1219. I'm a big fan of this one.
    4
  1220. nope. The suit does nothing to stop the gamma rays (you would need a LOT of lead to do anything). So we just wear the suits to prevent us from getting radioactive material on our clothes and skin.
    4
  1221. that's a good idea too - I'll call Gavin
    4
  1222. Hi Martin, thanks for your thoughtful comments. Science is about consensus. When Einstein proposed his theory of relativity, there was no evidence and people thought he was nuts. Then over time the evidence started to mount and eventually scientists came to a consensus that the theory was a good one. Similar things happen with most theories like evolution or the big bang theory. You're right, the system is complex and so there is still a lot of uncertainty around future forecasts. Over time we will refine our models as we learn more about all the interacting bits and pieces. So far the observations have been in line with predictions: http://static.skepticalscience.com/pics/ProjvsObs.png I'd be happy to discuss the science of climate change but that was not my goal with this video because I thought this audience was already well aware of the science. There are plenty of good resources out there like NASA's page on it. I'm still trying to decide if it's worth me spending time making a video on the science of climate change instead of making a video about a different area of science.
    4
  1223. Great ideas! The problem is let's say you want to make electricity. Using coal, it's cheap as dirt. Dig up dirt, burn dirt, and run a steam engine. No wastes to worry about. This will always be cheaper than alternative energy sources because the technology has been developed over centuries and you're just burning dirt. Even the big fossil fuel companies (e.g. see BP's website) advocate putting a global price on carbon emissions to factor in the cost of the wastes (CO2), to encourage energy efficiency, reduce consumption, and encourage investment in other technologies.
    4
  1224. there are references in the description: "Based on careful assessments of the concentrations of 210Po in the lung tissues, it was estimated that the "hot spots" received an annual dose of about 160 millisievert (about 16,000 millirem)". This is a localized dose, not a full body dose as indicated in the video.
    4
  1225. Dennis W She's thanked in the description. And I will do other videos where we'll do a proper shout out. She was awesome and the perfect person to travel through the zone with.
    4
  1226. most of the radiation shown in the video was gamma. In Chernobyl and Fukushima is comes mainly from Cs-137
    4
  1227. Couple things - we did some sitting on the ceiling but I didn't include the footage, and since each zero-g parabola only lasted 22 seconds you have to be ready to get your feet down for when gravity returns. I really do regret not turning the lighter upside down though...
    4
  1228. +Am_I_Human aka FindStoicism they have a wide range of frequencies. Now they've detected some including at around 100Hz
    4
  1229. Climate change does depend on how quickly we release it, because it takes time to reabsorb it. The other question is whether we should burn all the fossil fuels at any time. It would probably be a good idea to find other sources of energy and exploit those.
    4
  1230. grantgravity I'm glad you think so. Not everyone agrees but this is something I feel strongly about.
    4
  1231. and I'm wearing a Henry shirt, and Grey (not on camera) was wearing a Ve shirt - shirtception!
    4
  1232. +GenBloodLust that's the thing I think is funny - a lot of self-help and "success gurus" argue for principles like this but without the underlying science/mathematics to back it up. Experimentation is essential and this is why.
    4
  1233. both sparks are real, and both numbers are accurate - it's just that the sparks in this video are made by a step up transformer, not the water itself
    4
  1234. roughly two chest x-rays worth in every flight :D
    4
  1235. humans release only a small percentage of CO2 every year, it's true. But the system before was in balance, with CO2 sources equal to CO2 sinks. We have changed that balance adding 15 GT of CO2 to the atmosphere annually and that has raised the level from 280 to 400 ppm.
    4
  1236. This is not assuming the students are equal, it is assuming the test is impenetrable, eg. giving a test in Chinese to English-speakers.
    4
  1237. Did you watch to the end? I'm going to guess no
    4
  1238. Yeah that's always the challenge. I made this video as one big piece. If people don't watch to the end it is problematic. It's also problematic to make a video that doesn't even indulge the premise (and in the process discover a lot of new stuff along the way).
    4
  1239. Glad you enjoyed that line! Thank you!
    4
  1240. haha well know they didn't do it that way for you, but maybe for new viewers?
    4
  1241. yup I know the slo-mo guys. I didn't see the link in the description at first. I've actually made a better vid with a Phantom now: /watch?v=uiyMuHuCFo4
    4
  1242. more or less yes. There are different types of mentions. The portion mention is called a bracketed integration which allows sponsors to not be liable for whatever you include in the non-bracketed section.
    4
  1243. @JkSis27 total random - but a really nice guy! And he's Canadian too (just like me). Here's a shout out to Dylan!
    4
  1244. Yes
    4
  1245. can't be because to be sent to box 55, you would have had to find slip 55 in the first box.
    4
  1246. Cmon man, it’s not a clickbait title. It’s exactly what the video explores, the science thereof, and I’d argue gives the best, clearest explanation of what’s going on on the internet.
    4
  1247. Thank you!
    4
  1248. @k0b0yash1 lol - I was for a few days. I drove a long way to get those blocks of ice from a sculptor
    4
  1249. @ghrpdx In a vacuum I think it's pretty unfortunate to get hit by a ton of anything!
    4
  1250. Well I think the purple look of the ball is due to different intensities of the LED's in the ball - probably the blue and red LED's are brighter. But there are undoubtedly some other missing wavelengths so it doesn't look white.
    4
  1251. Thank you!
    4
  1252. Did it in one take too!
    4
  1253. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed the video and found some solace in it.
    4
  1254. not just at the moment, but we're working on it JonathanDavid J
    4
  1255. Thank you so much and good luck with your dream!
    4
  1256. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed!
    4
  1257. yes. You can find specific figures for different states since they have different energy compositions. This is a great video on the topic: https://youtu.be/6RhtiPefVzM @oi_its_corky 
    4
  1258. Reference: https://youtu.be/6RhtiPefVzM @AnacondaHL 
    4
  1259. haha thank you - the point of my pinned comment is just that I was genuine with my script but I got it wrong. I want to make it clear that I misperceived what people would be interested in and because of that people think this is an ad, rather than just a poorly pitched video on a topic, which I believe it to be. @vdiitd 
    4
  1260. golf balls and ping pong balls curve due to the Magnus force (check out our video on this) and the reverse Magnus force (haven't made one on this yet).
    4
  1261. The atomic number of Ve is i, 42 is the mass number.
    4
  1262. I was there in Jan, 2006 but this time I'm going to Fairbanks.
    4
  1263. I'm not sure what you're asking but the release dates of the videos may be your answer.
    4
  1264. @Tossphate I have another video that has Introducing Normal Force in the title
    4
  1265. that was the audio recorder and thankfully it was alright!
    4
  1266. you were encouraging me to do it!
    4
  1267. @cuzwereacool2 that's a really good question. I think this might be possible if you got the speed right. but it would have to be ultra ultra fast - and you would only see the ball in a few locations around the circle.
    4
  1268. @DaffyDaffyDaffy33322 @TiagoTiagoT Atoms that are not radioactive CAN become radioactive but only under unusual circumstances like neutron radiation. Neutrons can easily be captured by the nucleus because they are uncharged. This makes the atom into a different isotope, which may decay by emitting nuclear radiation. Also, it is not 'elements' that are radioactive, but 'isotopes'. All elements have radioactive isotopes, but some have no stable isotopes - these are noted on the Periodic Table
    4
  1269. kids are bumping their heads. I have to take it down now lol
    4
  1270. it's worked before! But not this time. And I mean trending isn't the goal. That's pretty useless. But having YouTube serve it widely is the goal.
    4
  1271. Thank you!
    4
  1272. You can imagine from Nakaya's perspective he knows he will never need temps greater than zero. So having decreasing temperature to the right ensures there is always room on the plot for more data, the colder it gets.
    4
  1273. I trimmed my beard so less grey is visible
    4
  1274. I'm working on it - was out doing a couple more experiments on it tonight. Promise to release the explanation soon!
    4
  1275. actually not so - light has momentum = E/c
    4
  1276. my apologies - I think walking and talking helps me think and be less self-conscious. I think about the ideas I want to talk about and it helps me explain it in a more conventional way. Of course I could do these walks and then transcribe what I say and re-record saying the same words. But I think there is something about watching someone actually think through the ideas that can be useful to see...
    4
  1277. except me.
    4
  1278. Yes! Do that.
    4
  1279. Thank you!
    4
  1280. if a box contains its own slip, no one will be sent to it. Only the prisoner who's number it is will go there, and they'll be happy to find their slip inside.
    4
  1281. why wouldn't it just stay spinning at the top?
    4
  1282. What are you talking about?
    4
  1283. Abhiram Manthena thanks!
    4
  1284. Thank you! Any good suggestions of when/where to get the best view of the aurora?
    4
  1285. I appreciate your perspective that some titles will turn some people off. The problem for a YouTuber, which is existential for our long-term survival, is that we must prioritize getting the greatest number of views. This video with 10M in a couple weeks and Asteroids with nearly 15M is evidence that people like you are much rarer than people who like the titles I went with on these videos. I think maybe the ultimate solution is we make multiple titles and thumbnails and YouTube uses their algorithmic knowledge to show the right thumbnail to the right person so more technical viewers can get clear, technical titles, and others can get less jargon-y, more descriptive titles.
    4
  1286. I mean Google is only 21...
    4
  1287. The number of permutations is always 100!  BUT for loops of length 100 there are 100 duplicates of each loop in that list  (as shown 1,2,3...100 is the same as 2,3...100,1 etc.) For loops of length 99 there are the same 100! permutations but 99 duplicates of each loop  (since you can only rotate each box on the loop through 99 positions) And so on for shorter loops. For loops of length 2, there's a 50% chance of finding one in any arrangement of 100 numbers - but note, sometimes there can be 2 or 3 or 4 such loops. If you look at say 1000 random arrangements of slips, you expect to find 500 loops of length 2 (and 1000 loops of length 1)
    4
  1288. @jonjlarson This is only true if you do an analysis of forces in the accelerated frame of reference of the spacecraft. Most physicists prefer to use non-acclelerating frames of reference.
    4
  1289. @Awesomecraft99 it's in the song, but I'll take a crack in future episodes.
    4
  1290. Good q. Most scientists suspect there will be much less seismic activity. But I personally know a scientist who thinks the place will be shaking. We’ll see
    4
  1291. Of course! The most important thing is that you're passionate about what you're studying.
    4
  1292.  @Shazam-rj9js  I'm looking at it on the video right now. I never touched it. The comment is perfectly fine. Plus I don't delete any comments.
    4
  1293. I'd go for a premium service that abolishes ads and costs a cent per view, though admittedly this raises problems for younger viewers without credit cards. Maybe schools could purchase licenses for all their students for access to ad-free edu (and other non-offensive) content.
    4
  1294. I do remember that day. I had fun! Glad you’re enjoying the videos. Btw you teacher bumped into me at B&H #truestory
    4
  1295. I'm old school. And old. Mainly just old.
    4
  1296. @theFounder87 Yes, yes it does. Once a month, which is why the same side always faces us. This is no coincidence, it's due to something called 'Tidal Locking' - check it out on wikipedia if you want to know more.
    4
  1297. @garybau2 I've seen the synchrotron already. Platypus must be the priority!
    4
  1298. some of the sources are on screen. Which claims specifically would you like more info about?
    4
  1299. Thanks for saying! And I wish you all the best for the growth of your channel
    4
  1300. @Ululuro Yes! as long as your car has good bearings, e.g. not a lot of rolling friction.
    4
  1301. we were outside - it warmed up towards the end of our stay, especially during the day
    4
  1302. You're welcome!
    4
  1303. Haha it is his real office! When quarantine hit, he took the picture. I thought it looked pretty great
    4
  1304. @Awesomecraft99 enchanted by the singing no doubt ;-P
    4
  1305. Hello there!
    4
  1306. Yeah their vid was awesome! I didn’t want to duplicate it but I wanted to see the interlacing (turns out only one TV actually did it)
    4
  1307. If you enjoyed this video and want to go deeper, we've published an extended interview with Adam Savage on our Patreon https://www.patreon.com/posts/117886682
    4
  1308. So would you say there is or is not a ~10atm pressure difference between the top and bottom of a tall tree?
    4
  1309. Thank you!
    4
  1310. Haha, I believe everything I said here and I'm making a follow up that's not sponsored by the climate reality project to address concerns raised in these comments
    3
  1311. the sample size is thousands. The representative example is three.
    3
  1312. John .Fielder Hi John, CO2 traps infrared radiation. Sunlight hits the Earth, which absorbs it and re-radiates it into space as infrared radiation. For a long time the amount of energy being absorbed by the Earth was equal to the amount of energy radiated into space so the temperature of the Earth was constant. Now due to significantly higher levels of CO2 in the atmosphere, more infrared radiation is trapped on Earth so we are absorbing more energy than we are radiating into space, hence the temperature is increasing.
    3
  1313. John .Fielder The bonds between the carbon and oxygen atoms can become excited by infrared radiation (causing them to wiggle rapidly back and forth). Then other air molecules knock into the CO2 and the energy is transferred to them making them move faster. The air is now warmer and the CO2 has relaxed. Then the CO2 absorbs another IR photon and the process repeats. Try this out: @Climate%20Change/swf/videos/CollisionalHeating.swf
    3
  1314. +minutephysics has the perfect video about this
    3
  1315. If CO2 didn't cause warming there would be no reason to reduce our emissions. Let's say instead of releasing CO2, coal plants released N2 - a few extra parts per million every year would be no problem and we would go on as usual. The major negative effects of CO2 are the warming and ocean acidification. This video was not meant to convince the deniers, but if 97% of scientists agree about anything, I think you should take them seriously. The towers shown in the video were of a coal-fired power plant. You may focus on the cooling towers but the CO2 emitting chimneys are there too.
    3
  1316. eRipmav5 fcp x
    3
  1317. 4. I was super close on the first shot, hit the edge of the cup.
    3
  1318. The Commentator Blake is a friend of mine and I think this is cool. It's ok if you don't but this channel has always sought weird effects like the indestructible coating and strange applications of the Magnus effect regardless of who I'm collaborating with
    3
  1319. rELATionGaming it'll be online too!
    3
  1320. TheMinerBossPC he didn't invent that word!
    3
  1321. because I wanted to do the train wheel first - it's related and simpler to think about.
    3
  1322. Mads Rishøj yeah :( and the Aussies are still sleeping. I'm trying to wake them up
    3
  1323. First, it's not an agenda, it's science. Even though manmade CO2 emissions are small (35 GT) relative to the global circulation of CO2 (~780 GT), it upsets a balance between sources and sinks leading to a measurable increase in atmospheric CO2 (we add a net 15 GT or so of CO2 to the atmosphere annually). That's why the level of CO2 which had stayed below 300ppm for 800,000 years has now risen to 400 ppm. The climate had been fairly stable for the last 1000 years at a level of 280ppm so humans are responsible for a rise of about 40% in the level of CO2. Most scientists agree that a doubling of CO2 alone results in about 1C of warming. However we know there are positive feedbacks, like as the temperature warms, the water vapour in the atmosphere increases. So it's generally accepted that a doubling in CO2 results in a 2-3C temp rise if you include the amplifying effects of water vapour. So no, it is not true that man causes no more than 0.28% of temperature change. The factors are complicated and if you don't want to understand them you can easily say 'this can't be true, we're not causing global warming,' but I'm kindly asking you to reconsider.
    3
  1324. good note!
    3
  1325. :(
    3
  1326. +fuhrer death legend doesn't lie. I'm currently in London so at least it's a reasonable hour for me
    3
  1327. Hi Paul, thanks for your comments. You raise some interesting questions. The 1930s was a hot decade in the US but it wasn't so globally. In fact thirteen of the fourteen hottest years on record occurred this century. So no the 1930s were not particularly hot and the last 10 years are definitely not part of a cooling trend. There are other indicators like arctic sea ice melting and land ice melting in Greenland and Antarctica, plus ocean temperature rises that confirm the planet is still warming. Getting accurate data about the planet is not easy. But satellites make it a lot easier. When you find that the satellite data agrees with the ground-based data, and the sea level rise and temperature increases fit with predictions for an atmosphere with more CO2, all the signals point to a warming Earth that we have caused. Hence why 97% of climate scientists agree that human-caused global warming is occurring. This is not to say that they "know" it is happening, but the evidence is clear enough that few scientists disagree.
    3
  1328. ***** I don't think anyone should feel guilty or evil but we should encourage the powers that be to implement systematic change, where renewable energy sources get more investment etc.
    3
  1329. Yay!
    3
  1330. Mike Lakner Well in this case there aren't a lot of competing academics. Almost all agree that humans are playing a significant role in warming the planet. Of course everyone has to make money to survive but scientists receive funding regardless of what their research finds, whether they are documenting new species of butterflies, testing the memories of rats or studying the global climate system. They don't need to make stuff up to get funding. Compare this with the fact 7 of the 8 biggest companies in the world sell fossil fuels worth trillions of dollars a year. If we reduce our dependence on them, they will undoubtedly lose billions. So for me the conflict of interest is clear.
    3
  1331. we are collabing for this episode and the next one, so expect these to be a little saucy ;)
    3
  1332. Always Learnin' sometimes it's not possible to use a control group. This type of study is often done in schools, or with alternative medicines, etc producing results that ARE statistically significant and are therefore convincing for people who haven't heard about phenomena like this. That's why you can't rely on F and t-tests to resolve methodological questions.
    3
  1333. +Julian Döhl it's difficult to use it in the cold, so I kept batteries close to my body before using them. The iPad screen for the controller was the most frequent failure point, however - it died four times while shooting this.
    3
  1334. Hi Byron, apologies if you think this is propaganda, but the climate science is pretty clear. Some people have suggested the warming has stopped over the past 16 years. It hasn't. If you want to see for yourself, check out this video by a scientist: movie
    3
  1335. Do you mean the weather tomorrow? Forecasts have gotten a lot better in the past 25 years and are incredibly accurate considering the complexity of the atmospheric system.
    3
  1336. that's a very good question, to which I don't know the answer. I imagine the charge difference is small enough that it wouldn't have a big effect
    3
  1337. +ABHAY PHANSE more than one in fact. But there are some important differences between this and ME, eg in ME there is no equilibrium position, the ball could be speeding up, slowing down, changing direction etc
    3
  1338. yup! cited in the description. He even mentions the idea of representing these systems with characters...
    3
  1339. RHINO the videos are designed to be watchable on their own but WAAAAYYYY better when watched together.
    3
  1340. i is the square root of negative one. It's an 'imaginary number' = I used this for the atomic number of my element because my element doesn't exist. So how many protons in its nucleus? The square root of negative one.
    3
  1341. +You Tube of course we replicated. This is mentioned in the description. You'll also notice that my shirt and the pool changes colours several times.
    3
  1342. +Cassius Grey deniers come in all shapes and sizes but "the climate has always changed" is pretty common, as is "scientists don't really know what's going on," "the debate is not settled," and "humans are too insignificant to have this great an impact."
    3
  1343. We recorded a nice shoutout. There is more footage where this came from...
    3
  1344. I was just supremely unlucky!
    3
  1345. Thanks Todd, I have read a lot of the pages on WUWT. I was really impressed by the references he provides on the site and by the impressive lengths he went to to replicate the Bill Nye CO2 experiment. From reading WUWT, the main point of argument doesn't seem to be whether the globe is warming (it is), or whether humans are causing it (we are), but how much of the warming humans are responsible for and how warm it will get. I am not an alarmist, arguing that catastrophes are imminent. I'm a pragmatist, suggesting that earlier action is easier and cheaper than later action, and I think the majority are on board with this view.
    3
  1346. it's uniform on the scale of a water molecule. But even pure water has ions (OH and H3O) so yes it would work with pure water too.
    3
  1347. Can you email me a screenshot of your subbox? I suspect YouTube's algorithm has identified this video as a tough one for people to watch (not lots of likes and people probably stopping part way through). I know it's not easy to understand so I guess YouTube doesn't want to inflict it on people. That's understandable I suppose.
    3
  1348. p-values are really important - and yes that .05 threshold is used in the social sciences. I'm planning a video based on the famous paper that shows 'most published scientific findings are false'. The problem I was addressing in this video is not really about p-values, it's about methodological confounds and ignoring the fact that random variation can give rise to non-random, systematically skewed outcomes.
    3
  1349. +robert karas JUST published. It takes time from the event of observation to do the analysis, write the paper, prepare graphics, double and triple check etc
    3
  1350. I did let them flip the coin if they wanted. They all knew it was legit.
    3
  1351. +lucid.photos I originally had this line in the video
    3
  1352. the quad at the University of Sydney
    3
  1353. DereckFortySeven I'll copy it below: Great experiments and analysis! So we agree: 1. The attraction of a water stream to a charged object is not due to the polar nature of water. 2. In the region where the stream breaks up into droplets, the drops do have a net charge which leads to attraction (and in your case eventually repulsion due to your insulated setup). Now the question is: do the charges separate in the stream leading to attraction? An experiment conducted where the stream was shielded until it formed into droplets found no deflection even in strongly inhomogeneous fields. If the charge separation in a continuous stream causes attraction, it should also be possible to get charge separation in uncharged droplets leading to attraction but this does not seem to be the case. Check out this paper for details: http://phdtree.org/pdf/39806343-electrical-deflection-of-polar-liquid-streams-a-misunderstood-demonstration/
    3
  1354. +Ethan NZ the water sent down doesn't have to counteract the upward force of the water, only the force of the water flung away from the stream must balance the outward component of force from the stream
    3
  1355. They have to be prepared in a particular way, e.g. formed together out of energy, or from the decay of a parent particle. There are ways of entangling photons by interacting them with a crystal etc.
    3
  1356. Black Lotus Magazine  hahaha why thank you. Spreading the love, you know.
    3
  1357. sound effects ;) I linked the creators of them in the description. They do great work.
    3
  1358. I want to see a sonic boom... I think it could be done with a whip, but I need to find a very accurate whip-cracker.
    3
  1359. +KinRedysko I like to make these things a challene, haha, but it's there now. And here: http://bit.ly/Snatoms
    3
  1360. +FradFish what is the error specifically? where are you based?
    3
  1361. only noticed it in the edit - I think it was a blood vessel of some sort
    3
  1362. Gunn and Drew rhyme with one and two, so even Gunn can automate the association, reducing strain on Drew.
    3
  1363. MrHighvolt I didn't have a choice in these matters.
    3
  1364. the vast majority means around 97%
    3
  1365. Mark Rose noredcr correct! It was the one and only!
    3
  1366. genius!
    3
  1367. It was indeed!
    3
  1368. vacuum - yes!!! Hadn't thought of that! Now I just need to get a good pump...
    3
  1369. +peetey897 I would move the glasses.
    3
  1370. Couple points - I agree consistency is important. But when you say "the notion of one disciplinary technique is the best fit for all people is flawed at the most basic level" it sounds like a hypothesis. Studies across species have shown that to help individuals, say, find their way through a maze, rewards work better than punishments. There may be exceptions, but I don't think they break the rule.
    3
  1371. False! that phrasing suggests probabilities change after certain outcomes occur. A better way to say it might be 'random phenomena may appear to be non-random to our pattern-matching psychology.' For example the idea that basketball players have a 'hot hand' at times is just the natural streakiness that occurs in phenomena involving chance - flipping a coin will result in strings of heads or tails that seem non-random to us, but in actuality they are.
    3
  1372. I think the unfortunate answer is no: Maybe if you had fallen a metre tops and timed your jump perfectly. The problem is you have a lot of downward speed. If you fall for one second, you'll be travelling about 10 m/s downwards. I'm thinking you could probably only jump with a speed of 1-2 m/s so you would still be moving down at over 8 m/s so you would suffer a serious impact.
    3
  1373. If you get PBS, then yes
    3
  1374. considering the typical ad rates, I'd say that's a definite no. One person who pays = ~2000 who see ads
    3
  1375. depends on the conditions, but yes. Ken says the best conditions for snowflake hunting is when the clouds are very low - close to the ground.
    3
  1376. thank you! I'll probably head to bed in a half hour or so. Enjoy the pancakes!
    3
  1377. It certainly did that for me! I didn't finish some sections
    3
  1378. @RedYr93 sure it can - blueshift is only indicating the direction of the shift (towards shorter wavelengths) not the limit of the shift
    3
  1379. it wouldn't work then - because you need the contained pressure for it to burst... I guess you could use plexiglass but then shrapnel... I'll keep thinking on this one. They certainly didn't want to set off a shell on the ground - the stars were as close as I could get
    3
  1380. electricity is just so much easier because it's everywhere. For hydrogen you'd have to build all the infrastructure. When I was finishing college in 2004, the idea was hydrogen fuel cell cars were just around the corner (they were already using them in some buses in Vancouver) but if you look at where they are 15 years later, it's not that much further along compared with electric cars, which are now ramping up.
    3
  1381. The film crew were there, but off doing there own thing. The narration is meant to paint the picture of what you’re seeing. I’m standing at the monument to the first atomic bomb by myself (not with other members of the public on one of those two days this site is normally open)
    3
  1382. It depends a bit on the white balance settings I was using and the particular UV filter (I have two)
    3
  1383. Did you spot one in the video?
    3
  1384. Add it to the system as an axiom, then you have a new system, wherein you can construct a new incomplete Gödel sentence. Add that one to the list of axioms, then you have a new system… it’s turtles all the way down.
    3
  1385. He was aware the video was sponsored by H&S and would involve a discussion of human dandruff.
    3
  1386. nobody knows anything about how boomerangs work!
    3
  1387. Thank you!
    3
  1388. @RyanTheSleeper this means you prefer the beard, yes?
    3
  1389. Thanks for watching and commenting! The point of these videos is to be useful so I’m glad you have learned a lot from them.
    3
  1390. the position time graph is a peak here, so the derivative (velocity) is zero, but the second derivative (acceleration) is non-zero and in fact has the greatest magnitude.
    3
  1391. Haha yeah I wish I was that clever. This was just a straight up mistake.
    3
  1392. Thank you so much for your support! So glad that you found the video useful and enjoyable!
    3
  1393. all flown manually!
    3
  1394. @chuym249 Yes, in a sense. Although most people wouldn't call it falling because it's over such a vast distance.
    3
  1395. Exactly - this is a great video on that topic: https://youtu.be/6RhtiPefVzM - I didn't deal with it because this excellent resource already exists.
    3
  1396. very close v=max when the chord provides an upward force = downward weight force. It would not be fair to say that it gives a 1g acceleration up because acceleration is what results due to a net force (the combined effects of the jumper's weight and the tension in the rope - in this case a=0). And yes you're right, this is where the jumper would eventually come to rest.
    3
  1397. Your loss man, it’s a great video.
    3
  1398. @chris7toronto definitely a point I should have been more clear about! Physicists don't generally use the word deceleration. There is only acceleration (the change in velocity, which can be either an increase or decrease), but I recognise most people don't use the word in this way.
    3
  1399.  @mvmlego1212  thanks for the feedback!
    3
  1400. The key for me was to forget about the slips and just think about how the boxes could be chained together. There are 100! ways you can chain 100 boxes together into a loop of 100. But since they are loops and not just lines of numbers that list of 100! contains 100 duplicates of each unique loop. So unique loops = 100!/100 which is 99!
    3
  1401. I mean using anti-dandruff shampoo should reduce it. Or you could shave your head. They told me the fungus doesn’t grow well without hair. So there’s that.
    3
  1402. @ajmf1 haha, yes ideally it would be, but as I mentioned in the description, neither the video camera nor your computer screen has a fast enough refresh rate to show the colour flickering.
    3
  1403.  @blueredbrick  long titles get truncated in a lot of places. I would say 50 characters is the max that will actually be shown most places.
    3
  1404. @ShinobiGarth how do you know?
    3
  1405. Thank you!
    3
  1406. In curved spacetime, you have to accelerate just to stay in the same spot. So both people on opposite sides of the Earth are accelerating just to not get closer together. Measure their motion not against the ground their standing on, (just as you wouldn't measure the acceleration of a rocket relative to the floor of the rocket) but against a background of geodesics, essentially objects in free fall. Then you'll see that they really are accelerating.
    3
  1407. Short scale, which is now the official scale of both the UK and the US. So yes, 10^9
    3
  1408. and right now we're coming into the maximum of the 11 year cycle so next winter will be a good one. I was there up til the last week when seeing the aurora is really possible. After that, the sun sets so late and rises so early, the sky never really gets dark.
    3
  1409. Thank you!
    3
  1410. In Japan, parents plan the birth of their children around the school cutoff date (April 2 I think) moving around 1000-2000 births every year. Still it strikes me as amazing that you think there's no such thing as 'circumstances beyond your control'. Take Bill Gates, one of the few teenagers in the world to have access to a computer when he was in high school. Yes he made the choice to work hard at it but basically everyone else in his cohort could not have made that choice.
    3
  1411. Of course.
    3
  1412. 1. true 2. yes 3. no - the moon is tidally locked to the Earth, meaning it rotates on its own axis once in the time it takes to orbit Earth. This keeps the same side always facing Earth - check out tidal locking on wikipedia if you want to learn more.
    3
  1413. By singular you mean they landed 6 times right?
    3
  1414. moisture in the air, and just present in the mixture.
    3
  1415. Happy new year!
    3
  1416. I had similar feelings about the movie.
    3
  1417. yeah I'm hoping chem teachers can use it with earlier years... Also, careful when you say "pretty much everyone knows this."
    3
  1418. LOKESH THOTA thank you!
    3
  1419. It's called "trees are freaking awesome" because I thought that would be better than "how trees transport water"
    3
  1420. get the biggest chinese paper lantern you can find and spray paint it!
    3
  1421. This is an excellent question - maybe people like the smoke? Or it's combustion characteristics are superior (eg. more consistent launch pressure?)
    3
  1422. So if we hit rock at an angle apparently it can dig around but dead on and we’re out of luck
    3
  1423. Shout out to them for being cool sponsoring a video that speaks candidly about lots of other brands.
    3
  1424. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed!
    3
  1425. oh yeah - that... I haven't made the video yet.
    3
  1426. doubt it - I'd give it to you for free if I could
    3
  1427. @joshedgar2392 You were given options so you could make a prediction. Studies have shown that students who don't make a prediction before watching a demonstration learn as much as students who don't see the demo at all.
    3
  1428. @msms47 here's what I'll do - I'll upload it to Vimeo. That should be accessible right?
    3
  1429. I would be cancelled.
    3
  1430. Thank you!
    3
  1431. The shadow IS the projection of the object casting it as you say. But the rest of this is wrong. With a small aperture you’re seeing an image of the sun on the wall - it’s like a pin-hole camera.
    3
  1432. Thank you! Just passed 9M today
    3
  1433. Thank you for the kind words, glad you enjoyed!
    3
  1434. Ok, thanks for your feedback?
    3
  1435. actually there's a good reason for this. We used parallax created by our orbit, to figure out the distances to much further out objects like stars (by taking observations six months apart). But we didn't know the Earth-Sun distance so this "astronomical unit" was the one that all of our results were quoted in terms of.
    3
  1436. Thank you!
    3
  1437. I think we say that because everyone does judge books by their covers. We’d like to believe we dont
    3
  1438. Thank you for watching, glad you enjoyed it!
    3
  1439. Thank you!
    3
  1440. I don't have one :(
    3
  1441. He pioneered the assembly line, making it much quicker and cheaper to mass produce cars.
    3
  1442. Thank you! I hope it happens for you too! I really relate to the quote "It always seems impossible until it's done." ~Nelson Mandela. That's definitely how it felt.
    3
  1443. Ah my dude, you can do it in one step: start on an odd number, multiple by 3, add 1, and divide by two as many times as you can while the answer is an integer. Repeat.
    3
  1444. I did at least three stories in Awesome HD slinky slo-mo
    3
  1445. Thank you!
    3
  1446. Thank you so much!
    3
  1447. and you love it!
    3
  1448. True... but if you plan it just right...
    3
  1449. Our proofs are correct in so far as they follow from the axioms and use allowed rules. This far no one has found a contradiction, which would prove the system inconsistent. Until then we operate under the assumption our proofs are correct
    3
  1450. This is a big question. I was talking to my wife about it the other day. I don't know. It would feel similar I think to quitting and starting again. So, hard, uncomfortable but potentially doable.
    3
  1451. A supermassive black hole at the centre of the galaxy
    3
  1452. @Talis116 Correct! But the camera capture rate is better than the eye, so in fact even with a better camera and monitor, it would still work.
    3
  1453. @creektimothy my guess would be yes.
    3
  1454. your comment is still here FYI
    3
  1455. but I hope the takeaway is a lot greater than that because we learn so many things. And if that were the title, who with a salt lamp would click it?
    3
  1456. In their prescription-strength products
    3
  1457. Generally you want the film to be half the wavelength of light that gets cancelled out because the wave is inverted at the front interface upon reflection. The holes are trickier to explain but they do perforate the material.
    3
  1458. @bushpigification You can click one of the links on the video at the end (if you're on a computer). The answer vid is also linked in the description (won't work on iPhone or iPod touch unless you use youtube.com in desktop mode)
    3
  1459. planes don't go fast enough to "orbit". You are a little lighter 1) because you are 10km further from Earth's surface and 2) because some of your weight force is used to accelerate you in circular motion as you pass over Earth's surface.
    3
  1460. Getting exact species was tricky. On the negative side: O2- OH- CO3- NO2- and more
    3
  1461. +Marijke plays total eclipses are so different- definitely worth the journey!
    3
  1462. good ideas! haha, I've wanted to talk waves for a while I just haven't found the chance. I created Young's experiment with a home-made double slit in Vancouver last October but it wasn't spectacular so I never posted it.
    3
  1463. @cristianfcao The people aren't there just for humour - it's important to consider common alternative conceptions because it helps understand how the scientific idea differs. From research this seems essential for learning (see my vid on Khan Academy /watch?v=eVtCO84MDj8 )
    3
  1464. Yes! Ken has many examples of 12 pointed snowflakes, which occur when two join together in just the right way.
    3
  1465. Díky!
    3
  1466. I just can't. It is what it is. I think I'm not good at clickbait.
    3
  1467. Glad you enjoyed it!
    3
  1468. It’s coming! Lots of things in progress in parallel
    3
  1469. thank you! Yup, it looks like it's working. Not clickbait but clickable...
    3
  1470. @SEThatered These are all examples of colours mixing simultaneously, but I think a more relevant application is DLP projectors in which red, green and blue frames are alternated quickly enough that they produce an apparent full colour image.
    3
  1471. Thank you!
    3
  1472. Thank you! Lot's of love back!
    3
  1473. Aha! Yes I certainly didn’t know that and Waymo didn’t give me much help on the rides. I told Tom via email that I was riding the service as an ordinary passenger with no special support for the Waymo team but he chose to stick to his speculation.
    3
  1474. yeah that's the follow-up. Hang in there.
    3
  1475. there's an on-screen link at the end and links in the description.
    3
  1476. I was thinking how surprising it was even though I made that video
    3
  1477. done - links in the description
    3
  1478. It affects the force on the objects but it doesn't affect their acceleration because Fg = ma so GMm/d^2 = ma the little m's cancel and we have a = GM/d^2 = 9.8 m/s^2
    3
  1479. 61
    3
  1480. I mean to elaborate, there is much less radioactive material in a bomb than in a nuclear reactor core. So contamination is much lower and it decays more rapidly to background levels.
    3
  1481. Come at me bro
    3
  1482. thank you!
    3
  1483. updated!
    3
  1484. This could be a way of freezing and transporting cells with no thermal or biological contamination because from the time their frozen until they reach their destination, their floating on a cushion of very cold nitrogen gas.
    3
  1485. I did engineering physics and then a PhD in physics education research because I really wanted to be a YouTuber...
    3
  1486. The push on the stick travels at best at the speed of sound to the other end of the stick
    3
  1487. no, a plane and a space station have very different orbits. Planes fly at 10 km, much lower than 300km and they fly through much thicker atmosphere, making faster flying (>27000 km/h) impossible. But yes if they could go fast enough they would orbit, with weightless passengers inside.
    3
  1488. Thank you!
    3
  1489. yes and yes
    3
  1490. Thank you so much! Really glad to hear you enjoy the content, we'll be sure to keep it up!
    3
  1491. Thank you!
    3
  1492. Hey, this is a fair question. These videos have been made for Australian TV based on my previous YouTube videos. I am constantly making new stuff but I also want the web audience to see the TV segments, which have great editing, production, sound etc. Plus I have many new subscribers who have missed the old videos so I hope you will bear with me.
    3
  1493. I thought the track sounded like that, which is why I used it!
    3
  1494. Thanks Pat! This is obviously a huge issue and my goal in this video was not to talk about the particulars but to call for action. Viewing the comments shows me there is a need to dig into the details. You may like this video about estimating average global surface temp: movie
    2
  1495. +tripzero I'll make one when he's done with the Jelly fish
    2
  1496. Why oh why would you like that many things?
    2
  1497. Random Guy booyah!
    2
  1498. Astronauts never stay on the space station for more than six months.
    2
  1499. David Peveto thanks man!
    2
  1500. Iwan says there will be online ways.
    2
  1501. +RimstarOrg yeah it's stainless steel - crazy!
    2
  1502. hang in there! give it another try
    2
  1503. This is actually being used in quantum computing and quantum communication - not to transfer info FTL but to do the calculations
    2
  1504. +Kyle Clements yes, and expensive! This one set me back $1400
    2
  1505. partly due to radiation and partly due to the other horrible carcinogens
    2
  1506. +HeyItsMike and I am grateful for it.
    2
  1507. I'm glad you found it entertaining!
    2
  1508. Danail Irinkov I agree with big oil companies like BP who say on their website: "We also believe that putting a price on carbon – one that treats all carbon equally, whether it comes out of a smokestack or a car exhaust – will make energy efficiency and conservation more attractive to businesses and individuals and lower-carbon energy sources more cost competitive. A global carbon price should be the long-term goal, but regional and national approaches are a good first step, provided temporary financial relief is given to sectors that are exposed to international competition."
    2
  1509. haha, I was an IB dip too. HL Chem, Phys, History, English; SL French, Math, Bio. TOK was one of my favourites.
    2
  1510. Vancouver boy, though born in Australia.
    2
  1511. haha, I don't think it's that sophisticated with my tape and jerry-rigged setup but thank you!
    2
  1512. yes! I was thinking that tonight. Think they'll offer it? hahahaha
    2
  1513. There are also chimney's releasing CO2 in the shot, but that gas is invisible.
    2
  1514. I hear you! In Australia tap n go is almost everywhere so I rarely carry cash with me.
    2
  1515. Here's how it was set to work in Australia: 1. Carbon tax increases the cost of anything with significant carbon emissions (electricity, industrial production etc) 2. People buy less of this stuff because it's more expensive - they look for ways to reduce electricity use (turning off lights, changing lightbulbs, putting in better insulation, biking rather than driving etc,) 3. Business people invest in technologies and energy sources that emit less carbon because they are now economically more affordable. 4. The government refunds the increased expenditure due to the tax to the poorer households so they're not worse off, but leaves the Ferrari drivers to cover their own costs. This is an idea endorse by almost all of the big fossil fuel companies. For example on BP's website it states: "We also believe that putting a price on carbon – one that treats all carbon equally, whether it comes out of a smokestack or a car exhaust – will make energy efficiency and conservation more attractive to businesses and individuals and lower-carbon energy sources more cost competitive. A global carbon price should be the long-term goal, but regional and national approaches are a good first step, provided temporary financial relief is given to sectors that are exposed to international competition."
    2
  1516. +san kitty what's an example of a better older one and a worse recent one?
    2
  1517. +Madlen Maier it would be great if you could translate and submit through YouTube's system (click the gear -> captions -> submit)
    2
  1518. Arne Schwarz at that size, a parabolic mirror approximates a piece of a sphere (the deviation would be minuscule)
    2
  1519. Thank you! I know there are lots of real fans in all of those countries, it's just so unfortunate you can't reach them because of all the fakes.
    2
  1520. Thanks Javier - I'm not saying we should revoke our modern comforts. I still use fossil fuels. I'm still responsible for releasing greenhouse gases. But I would like to be responsible for releasing less over time. This becomes possible when infrastructure exists that allows us to have similar amounts of energy with less emissions.
    2
  1521. assasinman98 That was the whole point - for electricity to get more expensive (because it really is more costly than what you pay because we don't at the moment factor in the negative impacts of greenhouse gas emissions). The government had a program in place to return the money to most households so they aren't worse off, but the increase in prices was meant to reduce consumption and encourage investment in renewable energy. By all accounts it was working.
    2
  1522. uh. He had that gear custom built and added to his bike. I went to a local bike shop to see if I could make one like that but even with the longest pedal crank, smallest front sprocket and biggest back sprocket we could find, we couldn't get the ratio even close to working. I think George Hart had the big sprocket specially machined. Nobody wants their feet going backwards with respect to the ground even on the steepest hills. It's just inefficient.
    2
  1523. MrGareth66.com thanks for the heads up. I've contacted the team but it's before 6am Melbourne time.
    2
  1524. ***** only if enough people email the BBC - these decisions are not mine, it's up to each broadcaster.
    2
  1525. OriginalSloMo thank you!
    2
  1526. hahahaha. I heard an interesting alternate solution to this one - a cylinder with sealed compartments of water that have small holes between them so the water can only drain slowly between the compartments. I think that's an interesting idea and it just might work.
    2
  1527. Adam R haha - it will be in the intertubes
    2
  1528. becquerels = number of decays per second. sieverts = biological effective dose due to energy transferred to tissues by radiation. The latter is for estimating biological effects and risk - the former counts radiation per second.
    2
  1529. Tyler Durden thank you! I'm going to go add captions ;)
    2
  1530. yes
    2
  1531. +Mot U RS camera issue - shot in 24 fps, lights flicker at 50 Hz so there is a 'beat frequency' of 2 Hz
    2
  1532. +Hodor the forces shown aren't meant to cancel out, they're meant to sum to an upward force that balances the balls weight
    2
  1533. Mackan90096 hahaha - I'm fine! Sometimes I like to make some personal reflections here. Most of the time I think I live with the delusion and it makes me procrastinate. I have to remind myself that life is finite and there's a lot I still have to do.
    2
  1534. SoulDragonWithFlow email the BBC! I don't get to make these choices, the documentary gets broadcast where people want to see it.
    2
  1535. Thank you! People clearly wanted to talk more about punishment and reward than how we interpret statistical phenomena.
    2
  1536. +Jérémy Diallo thank you!
    2
  1537. guy with a big hammer.
    2
  1538. +Abram Thiessen but fair
    2
  1539. that is the key piece, isn't it?
    2
  1540. that's a great idea. I will try to do that, but the community can also submit English captions
    2
  1541. where did you upload them? Here?
    2
  1542. haha - just saying the name is annoying
    2
  1543. for real?
    2
  1544. what?! This is no good. have you emailed snatomskickstarter at gmail dot com. I will get it to you ASAP
    2
  1545. I will raise your comment with people at YouTube and see if there is something they can do...
    2
  1546. It's possible to form particle pairs out of energy and they must have some opposite properties in order not to violate conservation laws http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pair_production
    2
  1547. I think this is industrial recycling, not household plastic and paper.
    2
  1548. +Brok3nC4rrot on the mirror, or sometimes the objects in front of the mirror
    2
  1549. I'm glad that in the second half of your comment, it sounds like you acknowledge a likely 2C warming. I think the hysteria is overblown, but as for the money and inconvenience I think we should be able to find ways to do things better.
    2
  1550. That is a great hypothesis: "it depends mostly on the character of the person(s) receiving it, which makes it difficult to measure," but is it true? I am no psychologist, but my understanding of the literature is that there is a body of research showing rewards are more effective for helping people (and other animals) learn in a set of well-specified areas.
    2
  1551. +Albert Jurkowski larger and heavier objects seem to require more pressure while smaller and lighter objects work better with slower streams
    2
  1552. yeah, I meant tallest...
    2
  1553. but don't you see - the t-test will not help if you don't use a control group, e.g. if you compare your patient sample one month later to their original test, your t-test may find a significant difference, but it may be meaningless - you may just have measured their regression to the mean
    2
  1554. true dat
    2
  1555. +Amjad Harb I asked about this - apparently sample preparation amongst the dust is very hard, results are likely to be inconclusive. Plus there are unlikely to be tiny fossils - much more likely are these layered mineral structures.
    2
  1556. +Naiadryade that's also part of planetary protection- we have to prevent back contamination
    2
  1557. nope, spin only comes out in a binary fashion - you put the particles through a strong magnetic field and they either go up or down.
    2
  1558. Domagoj ćurko yup, been visiting them a bit lately. Not really planned, but that's what's happened.
    2
  1559. Appreciate your thoughtful comment. This is from the BP website: "We also believe that putting a price on carbon – one that treats all carbon equally, whether it comes out of a smokestack or a car exhaust – will make energy efficiency and conservation more attractive to businesses and individuals and lower-carbon energy sources more cost competitive. A global carbon price should be the long-term goal, but regional and national approaches are a good first step, provided temporary financial relief is given to sectors that are exposed to international competition." I think this is a good idea and so do all of the big fossil fuel companies. The idea is if you factor in the price of carbon pollution, it makes for a level playing field for everyone, encouraging energy efficiency, reduced consumption, and investment in new technologies.
    2
  1560. I think shin guards might have been more sensible. The wheel was never directly above my head. The real danger was if it was dropped and took off. That's why we did it in an open field.
    2
  1561. These are valid points - there are aspects of your life where talent plays a bigger role and aspects where chance is more important (like on an impossible true/false test). The point is that outcomes always depend on both skill and luck - just to different degrees depending on what it is - and any time chance plays a role at all, it will result in regression towards the mean (not to the mean completely but towards the mean). I appreciate the individual differences approach and I'm sure it is valid, but we often need to make probabilistic decisions like what works best for most people or in most situations and I think to these questions there is a definite and useful answer.
    2
  1562. There is no medium! (at least that's how it looks). The once-proposed 'luminiferous aether' has been discredited because of a long series of careful experiments that failed to find any evidence for its existence.
    2
  1563. ***** nicely done! This comment made me smile.
    2
  1564. wordsnwood haha not even in the same video
    2
  1565. if you listen carefully when I'm trying to lift it without spinning I swear I can hear a pop that doesn't sound good.
    2
  1566. Chris B Kirov the workers told me they took shifts 2 weeks on and two weeks off. Although a lot of Eastern Europe looks like this, it's not contaminated with radioactive atoms like this place and it's not completely abandoned.
    2
  1567. +KIJIJI ALLIN it's a concept, a thing which is actually big and nuanced but easy to hold in WM as one chunk
    2
  1568. hahaha - I almost used a toy from the Disney movie 'Planes'
    2
  1569. Arthur Savage it's a good example because although it's a true story it's a ridiculous way to put it: "solar death ray". It would be like me calling coal power plants "slaughter gas spewers". It's true that air pollution including particulate from coal plants kills about three million people a year but the fact can be less floridly stated.
    2
  1570. +Anmol Rana lasers don't work so well because the light doesn't spread out and cover the mirror (which you need). I think I could film a sonic boom if one were created in front of the mirror
    2
  1571. Eric Kotlyarov I care. CONGRATULATIONS!!!
    2
  1572. Rares Popa CH4 is a real issue and an important factor in climate change, but it's not the majority cause. This graphs sources by their impact on warming: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas#mediaviewer/File:Greenhouse_Gas_by_Sector.png
    2
  1573. Hey Colin, thanks for the comment. This channel has always been about stuff I think is true. This I think is true. If you disagree, no problem, but I hope you consider carefully why you disagree. Major fossil fuel companies like BP say they would like a global price on carbon emissions, so I'm not really advocating anything controversial here. http://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/sustainability/the-energy-future/climate-change.html
    2
  1574. +Piper at the Gates of Dawn except this was made more than eight months before him
    2
  1575. Thanks Jeffrey. Here's a graph of sea ice extent: http://arctic-roos.org/observations/satellite-data/sea-ice/observation_images/ssmi_range_ice-ext.png Winter maximum sea ice is not changing much - but in the summer you can see the 40% increase in the past year in the small uptick from historical lows in 2012. But there is a clear trend here.
    2
  1576. +karen straughan woah!
    2
  1577. no joke! Bought that bad boy myself.
    2
  1578. Just had a look at the Joanne Nova site. I saw this line: "The single most important fact, dominating everything else, is that the ocean heat content has barely increased since 2003 (and quite possibly decreased)" But remembered on WUWT There is a graph of Oceanic heat content (aggregated from NODC): http://www.nodc.noaa.gov/OC5/3M_HEAT_CONTENT/heat_content55-07.png
    2
  1579. Thank you!
    2
  1580. sparkler and li-ni. I'm picking up what you're putting down.
    2
  1581. haha - I took the mask off because it's better to speak to the camera that way and it wasn't windy or dusty so there was very little risk.
    2
  1582. +Chaos215 Bar2 yeah, I didn't want to drag it out (it's already a long video)
    2
  1583. I think you get PBS in Canada right?
    2
  1584. I was naive. I'm a pretty trusting person. I thought a business that promises a way to connect with real fans would have some way of doing just that (perhaps by sifting through all the data it collects from you). I am not asking people to leave Facebook. I still use it. I am highlighting problems I have found to hopefully spare others the wasted effort and expense. Plus I hope this will encourage Facebook to crack down on non-genuine activity on its platform.
    2
  1585. Pablo Zamora watch them again! and again!
    2
  1586. SuperWaffle Mowaffak Jabrallah hahaha, I filmed this at least three different times in three different ways and that was the best it came out...
    2
  1587. Thanks Shlomo - this is really interesting stuff!
    2
  1588. +Marwan Abdel hameid yes but it has to be a point source
    2
  1589. +onyss it greatly improves the contrast. If you leave all the light in your sensitivity to differences in refractive index is greatly reduced.
    2
  1590. I could make a video on the first channel about this. I just didn't think I had to. Your understanding is correct though.
    2
  1591. Yeah, I regret being overly simplistic about this in the video. There are other reasons people are skeptical of climate change - because, for one thing, it's easier to believe that the problem is manufactured than that we should do something about the main way we power out lives.
    2
  1592. smitty2868 how fast is that updraft?!
    2
  1593. I've made similar videos, inspired by the same book, but this is the first deep dive into the two systems.
    2
  1594. yes I put a note on screen and in the description for pedants. I misspoke. I was thinking of the v symbols in the equations (without arrows above indicating vectors).
    2
  1595. Thanks!
    2
  1596. Couldn't get anywhere near it - so yes this just shows the places I could get access to.
    2
  1597. Facebook's.
    2
  1598. unfortunately, it doesn't work this way. Time and space are different for observers moving relative to one another. So let's say two spaceships are flying towards each other, each one going 0.6c relative to someone in the middle. One spaceship would observe the other ship approaching at 0.88c rather than 1.2c.
    2
  1599. Thanks for your kind words - I appreciate the support!
    2
  1600. Yes a step-up transformer was used in the other video, I'm not sure of its specifics. The slow-mo AC was actually very interesting to watch
    2
  1601. radiation does add up, but it's also important to be exposed at lower dose rates. Eg. 2 Sv all at once may kill you, 2 Sv spread over a lifetime and you may be ok (albeit with a high risk of developing some cancers).
    2
  1602. +Teraen Seewai got a half hour? The disk took a lot of tries
    2
  1603. Sometimes you wanna dig deep into randomness and sometimes you want to relax with some cool tricks everyone can try and get people thinking.
    2
  1604. great question. The speed of light is the same in all inertial reference frames. So imagine being at the base of the tether, you would look out to the tip going nearly the speed of light and in your FOR the photons being exchanged between those particles still have to go the speed of light. So if any particle did go the speed of light (which it obviously couldn't) the photons could not keep up to hold all the particles together.
    2
  1605. yeah the key is to get a long focal length. Mine was 1.8 meters. But you don't need to get one this big (that's why mine was really expensive)
    2
  1606. I asked this question - the general sense was it wouldn't affect the shark because it's not particularly loud but it is tough to say for sure.
    2
  1607. Danke! Did you spot the shot from Miniature Wonderland?
    2
  1608. +Custos consider: I don't use jargon when it's unnecessary.
    2
  1609. For a lot of this the camera aperture was f/4 ISO200-800 and exposure 1/200-1/1000. It surprised me because the setup is dark but essentially most of that LED light is going into the camera so there is actually a lot of light.
    2
  1610. +Shantanu Modak yeah, below freezing is nice because everyone knows what that means. While I was there, the temp was between -18C and -3C with some nasty windchill
    2
  1611. ***** nice work!
    2
  1612. I'm going to try to make it about the best and worst calculation in all of physics...
    2
  1613. MѦXWƎLL think your best bet will be to get it online, unless you get ZDF/arte
    2
  1614. Good to have you!
    2
  1615. but there are links in the description for you!
    2
  1616. If a particle has vertical up spin and you measure it horizontally, it will either have spin to the right or to the left with 50/50 probability. Let's say the measurement shows spin to the right. Now if you measure it again in the horizontal direction you'll find it still has spin to the right and you can repeat this as much as you like. If at some point later you measure it vertically, it will have a 50/50 probability of being up/down.
    2
  1617. Google: RadEye B20
    2
  1618. yup!
    2
  1619. I think that you can update these yourself - I'd appreciate it!
    2
  1620. I know - flag bubbles would have been awesome! Ah, if only I had unlimited time and helpers. As it is I have none.
    2
  1621. +Zachary Taylor it appears as an option for me
    2
  1622. Sorry - it was the second one. I just made it live to make it easier for people to find. I didn't expect it to be sent out to subs as a new upload...
    2
  1623. imspidermannomore instructions here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hSK0lm9ZQgA
    2
  1624. +Tom O'Dönnell thanks - I find it relaxing
    2
  1625. You don't have to claim perfect knowledge of it to realize CO2 causes warming.
    2
  1626. Brian Diner I started to. Then I thought it looked lame and I didn't want to ruin the visuals for all the subs. So I just didn't do it.
    2
  1627. thanks man!
    2
  1628. nearly broke the budget on them.
    2
  1629. Jani SIr good question! Lots and lots of stairs ;)
    2
  1630. +99percenter1 exactly - that is one of the real challenges with doing an experiment like this.
    2
  1631. +Tue Le stainless steel - and I think a very high grade of it
    2
  1632. you can visit as a tourist - you need to hire a guide though and it's a bit expensive
    2
  1633. +Mikhail Armanuel actually it was last week but I was still a few thousand shy of 3 mil
    2
  1634. +seigeengine I don't think it was pointless or counterproductive. It gave some viewers early insight into something I've been working on for years and let them know what was coming.
    2
  1635. ***** Thanks Robert! Glad you enjoyed it. And yes I have been so fortunate to be able to visit these places. Next stop Manila - that's a new one for me.
    2
  1636. Thorn I think. Small one
    2
  1637. I think it's more of a viscous drag thing. The vapor moving passed the drop pushes it along (and there's very little resistance because it's floating on a cushion of nitrogen gas)
    2
  1638. Width of the asteroid is roughly the length of 2 school buses 🤷🏻‍♂️. Picture would have been better, sorry
    2
  1639. you may have seen cyan, which is actually a mixture of red and blue that looks like a light green.
    2
  1640. Thank you! You'll have to do your own research on that front!
    2
  1641. Yep!
    2
  1642. @JaySmith91 I see you've played knifey/slinky before!!
    2
  1643. you're on a geodesic. And that geodesic would pass through the Earth's surface but the Earth stops you, applies an upward force on you and so you are accelerating up.
    2
  1644. this is a cool question - you'd still need to have a light source somewhere though.
    2
  1645. This is at the intersection of physics, biology, neuroscience, geology, so study what interests you and then offer to do grunt work for a lab whose research you like. They may just take you up on it!
    2
  1646. I would say 10-20 minutes at least, probably longer if it's a longer video. YT needs to see that not only are people clicking more often, they're also watching the video for roughly the same length of time.
    2
  1647. Probably not nil 😉
    2
  1648. I'm working on it!
    2
  1649. kinda, the electrons are generally not detached from their atoms though they may be in some cases.
    2
  1650. It was a clean shirt I put on that day.
    2
  1651. Lol. Remember I spoke of a trilogy. This is the end.
    2
  1652. GR works on time. So anything that measures time will show this effect
    2
  1653. Thank you!
    2
  1654. But the problem is you can easily hear videos because they’re recorded with audio. Can you get sound from the pictures only? That is the question...
    2
  1655. I'm not sure they're harder to get, but certainly harder to get to. The areas affected by aurora in the north fall over land - Alaska, northern Canada, Russia, and Nordic countries. I've looked at the forecasts for the aurora australis and it's mostly over water. The only good viewing spot looks like Macquarie Island. I'm thinking about making the trek actually.
    2
  1656. It's nice to be back. This is what happens when I don't have other projects including just-born babies.
    2
  1657. Yeah this was potentially part 1. There may be more
    2
  1658. You can disagree but this is not my explanation nor is it in doubt by any serious mathematician or scientist. Whatever your index number, you know the real number is different in the index number decimal digit. I know it’s counterintuitive- that’s why it fractured mathematics.
    2
  1659. Thank you!
    2
  1660. @LMkaran It does orbit the sun... it orbits the Earth AND the sun. It doesn't orbit the sun only because its close proximity to Earth make its attraction to Earth greater than its attraction to the sun.
    2
  1661. Just two titles: We need to talk about clickbait, and the current one. I tried a thumbnail with Mr. Beast and me but it performed slightly worse. Earlier thumbnail said ‘it’s important. I’ll explain with data’
    2
  1662. I did think about this.... but then I didn’t follow through. Maybe I should ask someone to code it for me...
    2
  1663. Yup! Total detonations by the US was 1054 so Nevada took a lot of the beating.
    2
  1664. Peter Ellens lol, honestly there is none but it must have to do with my lighting and color grading
    2
  1665. Bill does allude to this
    2
  1666. For loops shorter than 50 you have to think of probability like expected value - you expect to find on average 1 loop of length 1 in any random arrangement of 100 slips in boxes. Sometime there will be none, often 1, and sometimes 2, or 3 or more. But it should average out to one per arrangement.
    2
  1667. Yeah I didn’t know this either before I made the video
    2
  1668. By my estimation, a cent per view is actually 5x what YouTube makes from advertising, and they split it with creators, so it would actually work out 5x better for all of us.
    2
  1669. Spacetime is curved - it curves the opposite direction on the other side of the Earth. Neither us nor they are changing our radial coordinates but we both ARE accelerating. In curved spacetime you have to accelerate just to remain stationary. We should measure our acceleration not relative to the Earth’s surface but relative to free-falling objects. They are on geodesics, moving on straight-line paths through spacetime.
    2
  1670. Hahaha my toddler does fly the DJI phantom 4
    2
  1671. Yes, I think there was a marginal improvement - maybe 15% boost to CTR.
    2
  1672. @ColorsMercurial We have to be careful - I didn't mention the Doppler Effect because this redshift is due to the expanding space between us and the galaxy (called cosmological redshift) rather than a true velocity that the galaxy has away from us. Prof. Schmidt told me the visible universe (13.7 billion light years in either direction) represents at most 1% of the whole universe because space expands faster than light can catch up.
    2
  1673. Thank you so much for your kind words! Glad it has helped in some way, entropy is a notoriously difficult topic so don't feel bad if you don't completely understand it (not many people do)!
    2
  1674. Thanks Bawse!
    2
  1675. Jabril built this!
    2
  1676. thank you so much!
    2
  1677. thank you!
    2
  1678. Maybe they're kinda bringing it back with the surveys
    2
  1679. yes, the question was about the greatest magnitude of acceleration, perhaps this could have been made more clear. However, your assumption that slowing down means negative acceleration is incorrect. The sign of acceleration merely indicates direction. Usually down is taken to be negative and up is positive, so the upward acceleration experienced at the bottom would actually be a positive acceleration and greater than -9.8m/s2
    2
  1680. I have personal experience changing the title and thumbnail and it doing worse. Does that answer your question? For older videos maybe most changes resurface it, and then the recent audience that never saw it clicks it so it improves clickthrough rate and the video gets a boost...
    2
  1681. Thank you, noted!
    2
  1682. Ok I’ve fixed these now. Thank you for pointing them out
    2
  1683. Yup
    2
  1684. Thank you!
    2
  1685. Thank you! Glad to hear you enjoyed it!
    2
  1686.  @RazorbackPT  he could helpfully pin it but 🤷🏻‍♂️
    2
  1687. Yes. In that it’s event horizon is 3D of constant radius
    2
  1688. there are lots of places far from big masses so the gravitational force on mass would be basically zero there.
    2
  1689. thank you so much
    2
  1690. Thank you so much for your continued support! That's amazing to hear and glad you enjoyed this video and others we have made!
    2
  1691. my wife makes fun of me for that part every time.
    2
  1692. great minds...
    2
  1693. Thanks!
    2
  1694. I don’t know why they do this to people! They recommend this video of mine an insane amount but most of my other videos, not so much...
    2
  1695. If you think that, then you haven’t understood the video.
    2
  1696. Induction only occurs during the mag field change. After that there is no induction
    2
  1697. it was... Raptor-Eins-Null
    2
  1698. Thank you for writing!
    2
  1699. check out my other vid on the topic - why is ice slippery? But it turns out there is more to it than just pressure melting. The ice has a layer of unstable water molecules on its surface naturally which contributes significantly to its slipperiness.
    2
  1700. Thank you!
    2
  1701. The H&S scientists told me the dryness is caused by the poor barrier function made by dandruff skin - that is when your cells are hyperproliferating, a lot of moisture gets out through the porous barrier. So yes that could be it.
    2
  1702. Haha YES! Part of me feels bad, but the statement doesn't make sense without units does it?!
    2
  1703. Spacetime is curved - it curves the opposite direction on the other side of the Earth. Neither us nor they are changing our radial coordinates but we both ARE accelerating. In curved spacetime you have to accelerate just to remain stationary. We should measure our acceleration not relative to the Earth’s surface but relative to free-falling objects. They are on geodesics, moving on straight-line paths through spacetime.
    2
  1704. this place became a dump during Christmas...
    2
  1705. Next level stuff! Thanks for sharing.
    2
  1706. I meant to include this in the video. I think the ultimate solution involves multiple titles and thumbnails, which appeal to different audiences. Some people will want the technical title, others will not - an YouTube has the ability to know who to show which thumbnail.
    2
  1707. I appealed YT’s decision as high as I could but they refused to budge. The original video was getting a steady stream of views months after upload until the age restriction, at which point views dropped to basically zero.
    2
  1708. have you driven one? The torque off the line is exciting imho
    2
  1709. @sharrynuk yeah we had trouble with static... but I don't think the vacuum was perfect anyway
    2
  1710. Noonan took different positions on different flights
    2
  1711. Thank you! Better late than never, we wish it could have come out when you most needed it
    2
  1712. It was my pleasure! Thanks for your support!
    2
  1713. well the space station is not that much further as a proportion of orbital radius, plus the velocity is inversely proportional to the square root of r so I think the similarity makes sense.
    2
  1714. By whom? Review articles show the presence of this fungus is causative and reducing the fungus reduces dandruff. When people have the condition, scalp becomes dry because the skin is not providing a good barrier between the inside of the body and the outside world
    2
  1715. Recycle them.
    2
  1716. no, you'll only be on the loop which has your slip (the one that also has your box number) and it is guaranteed to be shorter than 50 so you're golden
    2
  1717. They supported us. As you can probably tell by the shots and locations this was not a cheap film to make. They put up some of the money to make it. In turn, they get the right of first broadcast in their territory. I imagine there are other details about this arrangement that I'm not aware of but they made this possible
    2
  1718. Vatsal Gupta I thought of Sciencium first but I figured Sc was taken so then I tried to think of alternatives and Veritasium came to me in the middle of the night
    2
  1719. It’s a Zhiyun Crane
    2
  1720. Something you don’t see every day right?
    2
  1721. yes comments on that video got me to do this. I thought the answer would be simple but it's more complicated than I imagined.
    2
  1722. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed it.
    2
  1723. What was it? Was it good?
    2
  1724. Yes, too cynical. The US spends 70 billion a year on pets. The world spends about 100 billion on vitamins, most of which aren’t needed. We can afford less than a billion to further human exploration
    2
  1725. some light always reflects and some goes through, but if the reflected light from the front surface destructively interferes with light reflected from the back surface then you see no reflected green light. This happens when the thickness of the film is half the wavelength.
    2
  1726. @nubbs haha, yes that's important - that's what the analogy with the spring is meant to be. That reminds me of the story "turtles all the way down." Check it out on wikipedia.
    2
  1727. Thank you!
    2
  1728. More like, Tom: Paid sponsorships make your content biased, here are some examples of that bias. Ve: Those examples are either distortions or outright lies. If my video was so biased, surely you wouldn’t need lies to prove your point.
    2
  1729. Yup!
    2
  1730. replied!
    2
  1731. I don’t really think I have free will, but for the future to be not pre-determined we need new information to be generated and for entropy to go up.
    2
  1732. We were meant to have a section on this, ran out of time - I believe it's vibrations in a hollow tube - and they get lower because as material burns the empty part of the tube gets longer so wavelength does too.
    2
  1733. May just be a visual artifact of the animation. The distance is bifurcation to bifurcation
    2
  1734. I don't think it's oversimplified. It is a fact of cross-products that crossing one vector with another gives you a third which is at 90 degrees to the other two. The right hand rule is just a convenient way of remembering how it goes.
    2
  1735. He was in an original cut. But I had to drop big sections for time reasons. Apologies!
    2
  1736. Haha - I had these same questions when I was quizzing my general relativity professor about the script. That’s why I put them in. That guy is me. The other guy is my GR prof.
    2
  1737. @pizzatheface You're welcome!
    2
  1738. Thank you!
    2
  1739. You can actually prove this is the optimal solution and you can't do better than the loop strategy's 31%. No additional constraints.
    2
  1740. Correct, because it can still get energy from the tailwind even when moving faster than it
    2
  1741. This is the ABC actually :(
    2
  1742. Thank you so much, glad you enjoyed!
    2
  1743. @piprod01 Yes it's the same for all objects - the change in tension propagates at the speed of sound through the material.
    2
  1744. haha, yep I saw it
    2
  1745. I mean statistics show planes are safer when on autopilot- that’s an observable fact.
    2
  1746. not significantly.
    2
  1747. those things may be good, but what's even better is Youtube giving your video 10x impressions. Consistent branding is useful but impressions vary by orders of magnitude and that's what makes the real difference.
    2
  1748. The Earth gains about 40,000 tonnes per year by collecting space dust. But it's losing about 95,000 tonnes of hydrogen per year (and 1,600 tonnes of helium). So on balance the Earth is losing mass.
    2
  1749. Thank you! That's nice to hear thank you for saying that and glad you enjoyed the video!
    2
  1750. Thank you! That's a cool fact, perhaps the in game shuffles plus 3 were fine (we hope haha)!
    2
  1751. yes, but this is vector multiplication - a cross product to be precise and so order does matter. I can't believe I got this wrong. It's like one of those silly mistakes you make on a test.
    2
  1752. Thank you!
    2
  1753. Thank you so much! Really glad to hear you enjoyed!
    2
  1754. Yes! And that would never work because the cup is too big and heavy and the liquid wouldn’t respond that well to air vibrations
    2
  1755. That’s the highest for an air breathing craft, not a rocket. Check YO facts
    2
  1756. Drift_Wizard strewth!
    2
  1757. What you describe requires two slip 68’s and there can be only one
    2
  1758. I would have loved to! This was a last minute invite and Bruce is gallivanting around the world.
    2
  1759. Thank you, glad you enjoyed the video!
    2
  1760. Thank you!
    2
  1761. It means the expected value of loops of length 1 is 1… ie if you repeat the random sorting of slips into boxes say 1000 times, you will get around 1000 instances of a loop of length 1 if you add up all your trials
    2
  1762. Apparently they got up to 3.1x in unofficial runs, but the limiting factors are how much can you reduce drag and maximize efficiency of the drivetrain.
    2
  1763. It was a brand new marker! Obviously I'm not happy with it.
    2
  1764. I honestly don't think that would help, and I think it doesn't capture what the whole video is about.
    2
  1765. But I could go anti-clickbait and add yes. to the thumbnail
    2
  1766. Thank you!
    2
  1767. Exactly!
    2
  1768. Thank you so much!
    2
  1769. Look it up!
    2
  1770. Thank you!
    2
  1771. Thank you!
    2
  1772. It can be - so what are the factors?
    2
  1773. @chaos850 if deceleration BEGINS when we reach maximum size, we would still be getting bigger, wouldn't we? So in fact we wouldn't be at maximum size. After the big bang, it seems difficult to explain why the galaxies should be doing anything but slowing down since they are all attracted to each other. The fact that galaxies are moving away at an accelerating rate makes it unlikely we will ever reach a max size.
    2
  1774. He should! I would like to humble him!
    2
  1775. It's also based on the book "Success and Luck" By Robert H Frank
    2
  1776. The width of the asteroid is equal to the length of two school buses. Yeah kinda more complicated than it needs to be
    2
  1777. Yeah, this is not my editing but I appreciate your feedback...
    2
  1778. If the only force acting is weight (gravitational force) then the object will be accelerating toward the earth. But that does not mean it has to be getting closer to the Earth, accelerating towards the Earth can just mean it's changing direction, as in this case.
    2
  1779. @JamesPatrickMartin Yep, Eng Phys from Queen's University, Canada
    2
  1780. That’s a graph of longest loop. The graph of probability of length L continues to go up to the left, but if you have a loop of length 20 or shorter, it’s likely there’s a longer loop in the random arrangement
    2
  1781. just quietly, I think U is on YouTube... Alexander Hetzel
    2
  1782. Indeed and I recorded a take that mentioned this but, by and large they were not scientists.
    2
  1783. @Baboonaiih I'm from Vancouver.
    2
  1784. It stuck with me! I couldn't stop thinking about it. Very clever marketers.
    2
  1785. hahaha 😅 I make no promises, but maybe one day...
    2
  1786. Glad you liked it! We just posted the full song on the Veritasium TikTok. It was made with the help of a song generator tool called Suno.
    2
  1787. The Sun is basically a plasma, so the electrons and protons are energetic enough that they are separate...
    2
  1788. OK, we're working on it!
    2
  1789. Python code link in the description
    2
  1790. I didn’t get into the details with him because he said on hearing it created one time of charge and the opposite on cooling
    2
  1791. I like that idea - I like places with great public transport (NY, London etc) but I think there will always be a need for some individual transport and in those cases I think shared, autonomous electric vehicles make a lot of sense.
    2
  1792. It’s already a 16 min video. A lot got cut
    2
  1793. Thank you!
    2
  1794. I’m sorry - I think my ears were incapable of hearing it so I didn’t notice anything wrong
    2
  1795. Cameron Heeren I feel you but break up that long trip if you can! You gotta eat some time. Recharge the car and refuel yourself at the same time.
    2
  1796. DeadWaste but infrastructure for gas and electricity is there. I mean even ten years ago electricity was everywhere. Where is the hydrogen. That’s the problem.
    2
  1797. Oh don't you worry, it'll be inconsistent again soon.
    2
  1798. Or really stupid - as I said I'm not great at clickbait. We do have alternates we could swap out if this one doesn't perform...
    2
  1799. You can remove sodium and chloride together from the lattice but not separately
    2
  1800. yeah I redirect students here too - it seems separating inertia from weight is very tricky business...
    2
  1801. @mcnugett I don't think those people are stupid. The Earth's orbital radius varies by less than 2% from its average. So it's a pretty good circle even though it is technically an ellipse.
    2
  1802. @Norwification yes. yes I am.
    2
  1803. @dzloll you're right, it's not obvious that the upward force will be more than twice weight - but it is, people have measured it directly. The jumper spends a lot of time accelerating downwards at g (roughly 50 frames by my count) from jumping off the platform until the bungy is extended enough to provide a force equal to weight. Then they slow down to a stop in less time (~35 frames) so the acceleration up must be greater than the acceleration down.
    2
  1804. That title was not mine. I wanted something clever and self referential, like 'You can't prove everything that's true' I can prove it. But this title didn't do as well.
    2
  1805. What do you mean there is no common misconception? The whole first part of this video was about the standard misconception.
    2
  1806. 1. I disagree. 100 lbs of force (not pressure) is a gross overestimation of the amount of force you'd need. 3. True. 4. Friction is there but most of the force you apply to the car is not balancing friction - rather it is accelerating the car.
    2
  1807. With all the correct vote counts - our animators do great work!
    2
  1808. If you look at 1000 runs where the prisoners use either the random method or the loop method, you would find that in both cases approximately 50,000 prisoners don't find their number and 50,000 do (this is the individual 50% chance of success). But in the random case on almost every run between 40 and 60 prisoners would find their number, virtually never 80 or 20. But in the loop case 31% of the time all 100 would find their number and 69% fewer than 50 would find their number - in 1% of runs no one would find their number. So the probabilities are clustered.
    2
  1809. I'd like a bigger battery. I think the iX3 is more my style. When I drive the i3 around town it's almost always in electric though it's nice to have the REX for peace of mind.
    2
  1810. yes, so I added brackets on that graph to say (absorbed) in the area where UV is absorbed but I included the darker purple band between .3-.4um where nothing absorbs and that's mainly what my camera was picking up.
    2
  1811. Thank you!
    2
  1812. hello!!
    2
  1813. Legend.
    2
  1814. Snatoms - I created them some years ago. You can find on Amazon or DFTBA (best for US) or Snatoms.com for international
    2
  1815. they are irrational and also transcendental.
    2
  1816. Gravitation (which is the result of curved spacetime, not a force) bends light and gives a time delay. There is no contradiction
    2
  1817. Thank you!
    2
  1818. I've done a rough calculation in my head and I think the answer would be on the order of 10^22 metres, so roughly a million light-years
    2
  1819. Thank you, that's very kind! We have a few videos where we use Grant's explanations but if you have any ideas for a future collab feel free to reach out to contact@veritasium.com
    2
  1820. thanks for your long term support and making this transformation possible!
    2
  1821. That's a fine way to talk about it. Thing is, as long as the superposition state doesn't decohere by becoming entangled with the environment, two identical parallel worlds can interact with each other (producing interference patterns for example) but once the decoherence happens, these worlds can no longer interact.
    2
  1822. You're very welcome! I'm just delighted these videos are useful for anyone.
    2
  1823. Not this time :( Flyings straight into Fairbanks
    2
  1824. @lockerkey247 that is a great idea. I'll put moles on the cards. So many things to do though! I'm working on atoms / isotopes / and radioactivity.
    2
  1825. anthropomorphise - To endow with human qualities; To attribute human characteristics to something that is non-human (wiktionary) ascribe human features to something (princeton wordnet)
    2
  1826. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed the video! Lot's to think about in this video, it's good that a part jumped out to you and is definitely worth the ponder!
    2
  1827. When it comes to an anything. Acceleration means deviation from a geodesic
    2
  1828. Have you watched the whole video? Because this is exactly the mindset I want to address: if I call videos 'Godel's Incompleteness Theorem' 'General Relativity' and 'Collatz Conjecture' I will reach fewer people, and likely those who already know what these topics are. If I give them less jargon-y titles like 'Why Gravity is NOT a force' and 'The Simplest Math Problem No One Can Solve' then I can reach people who have never heard of these ideas. Ultimately I want to be teaching the greatest number of people new things as opposed to telling a small number of people about something they already know.
    2
  1829. without quotes, google "science literacy australia earth around the sun" click the first link which is to an abc article, there is a link to the report from there.
    2
  1830. I'm not sure actually. I'm lacking the data to reach a solid conclusion.
    2
  1831. The latter!
    2
  1832. careful with saying completely discredited - I make this point in the description with a link to a good paper. Pressure melting seems to be significant above -3C (what it would have been in Sydney)
    2
  1833. Thank you! For any content ideas, reach out to contact@veritasium.com
    2
  1834. @Kassidar Depends what you mean by hardly moved. Objects on Earth fall a distance = 0.5*g*t^2 so in 0.26 s then tennis ball would otherwise have fallen 33cm
    2
  1835. Thank you!
    2
  1836. I played French horn, and now guitar...
    2
  1837. It’s a definite integral, no +C
    2
  1838. You can buy one off kits FYI in case you want to try something out
    2
  1839. Maybe it seems silly if you don’t consider that an airplane burns fuel but this is powered entirely by the wind.
    2
  1840. Hope you enjoyed it!
    2
  1841. I mean that's less than one a year...
    2
  1842. What if there are two simultaneous but flips in different machines? Then use the two that agree.
    2
  1843. Perhaps in future - thanks for the suggestions!
    2
  1844. @xagell a lot of this actually. And I teach part-time. Occasionally I also present for the ABC (where the A stands for Australian).
    2
  1845. The current through the disconnected wire looks the same initially- then after a light speed time delay it drops down (for realistic scenarios the charge sloshes around a bit before settling back to zero current)
    2
  1846. Ok, I’ve seen this. Can’t make any promises that it will happen but I’ll think about it
    2
  1847. yeah the click through rate is no good but I think the video is excellent
    2
  1848. Harder but the relative motion effect is actually really well understood
    2
  1849. Thank you! Glad to hear you've been inspired and enjoyed the video!
    2
  1850. More than that have gum disease. What makes something healthy or not is the body’s response (inflammation, immune etc) rather than its rarity.
    2
  1851. Thank you!
    2
  1852. Thank you!
    2
  1853. well there you go. You were my target audience.
    2
  1854. Yes and Dr. Davis has done it before. We didn't do it in this video because you have to calibrate the camera and figure out exactly how its rolling shutter works (and that takes way more time than we had).
    2
  1855. @mathfeel well spotted - I just reread that in horror. Sometimes I reply to posts late at night when clearly I'm not firing on all cylinders
    2
  1856. lol, no. But I said it would be a trilogy. This is the third and final aerogel video.
    2
  1857. For numbers smaller than 51 you have to think of the probability as an expected value. For example, if you have 1000 random arrangements of 100 slips in 100 boxes, how many loops of length 1 would you expect to find? The answer is 1000. Now some arrangements will have no loops of length 1, many will have 1, some will have 2 or 3 etc. but on average you expect to get 1 loop of length 1 in each arrangement. In the video we show a graph with a subtle difference - not just what is the probability of each loop length, but what is the probability that it is the longest loop. For loops longer than 50, if they occur, they must be the longest loop, but for smaller loops they may not be the longest loop. Eg. You expect to find a loop of length 10 around 10% of the time, but it will almost never be the longest loop.
    2
  1858. I'm here now but it's a busy trip
    2
  1859. but how do you get the big pressure difference? Or does a big pressure difference not exist? If we're talking 100m that's got to be at least 10 atmospheres...
    2
  1860. No, thank you for being awesome!
    2
  1861. I mean meteorites are what hit the ground if you want to be reeeeaaalllyy pedantic. But I don’t and they all start as asteroids. So asteroids are the threat
    2
  1862. Check yourself - we said electron affinity. From wikipedia: Chlorine "has the highest electron affinity and the third highest electronegativity of all the elements."
    2
  1863. it's one thing to say it and another to make the observations and analysis that demonstrate it to be so.
    2
  1864. with the explosion the bucket pushed down on the table and the table put an equal and opposite force up
    2
  1865. Those old clips were from 2011 - almost ten years ago!
    2
  1866. It’s coming! And Thermite 2 - we have a lot going on in parallel
    2
  1867. yeah I like doing the interviews - plus experiment, like with the magnet drop through pipe demo. But also sometimes it's just good to do a little experiment, like this one, which would have been more dangerous and time consuming with strangers.
    2
  1868. what sort of waste? Most of the components can be recycled.
    2
  1869. Thank you! Wish we could have released it earlier in that case!
    2
  1870. This was an FCP X glitch! The scale went from 0% to 100%
    2
  1871. The plants don’t do the fixing, bacteria in their root systems do…
    2
  1872. I suppose that’s fair, but with 3x+1 in the thumbnail, I think anyone who knows about Collatz would recognize it (also Collatz claim to be the originator of it is dubious)
    2
  1873. I starting making a footnote video because I knew someone would bring it up. Apparently Abe hasn’t even seen the movie but has heard about it...
    2
  1874. It was fun teaching you!
    2
  1875. I think you’d propel yourself forward (because you’ve been pushing yourself forward for so long). When you hit the treadmill you’d send yourself flying forward.
    2
  1876. Thank you!
    2
  1877. Lol. I'm here
    2
  1878. Thank you!
    2
  1879. @joebananatube These are great questions which I hope to get to one day soon.
    2
  1880. When in America...
    2
  1881. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed the video!
    2
  1882. Borginator plenty of time. It only takes a moment to commit yourself to something, the rest is follow-through.
    2
  1883. Thank you for all your kind words and support. They really are fascinating subject and we're glad this video provided you with more knowledge about rainbows. Many thanks again!
    2
  1884. Apparently they didn’t sponsor it - I asked
    2
  1885. It was a Hyundai- a loaner car while mine was in for service
    2
  1886. I do!
    2
  1887. @3croN it travels at the same speed as a compression wave in the slinky which depends on how stiff the spring is. Rod estimated it at about 0.3s to travel the ~2m length of the slinky.
    2
  1888. That's what I was going for! And my name is Derek
    2
  1889. Please enlighten us.
    2
  1890. I think the concerns he raised are valid but not very significant- eg wind shear is a thing but if the car was clocked going 2.8x wind speed (as I said in this video) then that can’t be the explanation and neither could gusty winds.
    2
  1891. @jamesahibbard Here is the crazy thing: a) protons and neutrons don't weigh exactly 1, they weigh 1.00728u and 1.00866u respectively), and b) they get lighter when they form bigger nuclei. e.g. in Iron-56 the proton and neutron weigh less than 1u!
    2
  1892. Thank you for your donation! Great question and we see it's already been answered correctly below! Glad you enjoyed!
    2
  1893. I would say yes. But I’ve never tried. And I guess it depends what solvent you use and if any gets left behind. But with CO2 I think you’d be sweet
    2
  1894. Wow, thank you so much for your support and kind words! Glad you enjoyed the demo and found it as cool as we did!
    2
  1895. I wanted to make this joke in the video but they thought it was too obscure a reference
    2
  1896. Thank you!
    2
  1897. Hydrogen is ok but there's very little infrastructure for it. Electricity is everywhere and I've got to say maybe my number one thing is that every morning my car has a full charge. I never have that 'oh, I need to get gas soon'. Regarding battery lifetimes I think they are warrantied for 8 years. And if you think about how much better batteries will be in 8 years (and cheaper and smaller) it may just be a one-time change.
    2
  1898. She really is
    2
  1899. Yes, the scurvy story is long and winding (and the full thing is in the documentary). Alas nothing is simple enough to fit cleanly into an ending...
    2
  1900. Schrödinger's thumbnail
    2
  1901. Veritasium
    2
  1902. Thank you!
    2
  1903. Not to mention it helps me get things right!
    2
  1904. Thank you!
    2
  1905. um,  blue
    2
  1906. Thank you!
    2
  1907. I’m sorry. The purpose was to say in the first 10s, don’t dismiss this so fast. It also made the research better to have copies I could carry around and show to the scientists
    2
  1908. I like your point about niches. But you misunderstood my point about making clear, jargon-free titles for educational videos. If you call your video the thing that it is: eg strange applications of the magnus effect, that is meaningless to lots of people. The ones you do get already know what you’re talking about. So you have much less impact. You write as though there is one true title for a video and that is just not true. The title and thumbnail should make a promise for what the video is about and deliver on that promise. I’m saying in the past my promises have not been well expressed. That does not fit a niche nor does it serve me or subscribers.
    2
  1909. @vsr600 No, I don't think so - just two ways of thinking about the same thing...
    2
  1910. Apparently dandruff is less of an issue because the fungi need the environment provided by hair to thrive
    2
  1911. Of course. I said it would be a trilogy. This is the end.
    2
  1912. Yes! They just ran a competition here for wave energy devices.
    2
  1913. Honored.
    2
  1914. I will tell the human that made this...
    2
  1915. Ve! (obviously)
    2
  1916. Hopefully there will be more!
    2
  1917. Thank you so much! Glad to hear you're enjoying all the content we offer! We have a video entitled 'The trillion dollar equation' about derivatives, if you're still looking to quench that economics thirst!
    2
  1918. Thank you!
    2
  1919. Thank you for your kind words!
    2
  1920. Some people tap the top or bottom - this is less effective.
    2
  1921. I mean I like other pieces of music...
    2
  1922. Thank you! That's the aim!
    2
  1923. Yeah that’s no good.
    2
  1924. she's back!
    2
  1925. The whole time the prop acts as a fan…
    2
  1926. very grateful she sent me one on Christmas eve!
    2
  1927. @IzzaCooks1 More videos to come - this is just the intro. All the galaxies in the universe seem to be moving away from each other.
    2
  1928. If you enjoyed this video and want to go deeper, we've published an extended interview with Adam Savage on our Patreon https://www.patreon.com/posts/117886682
    2
  1929. Yes... I'll talk more about this in future episodes...
    2
  1930. Nope
    2
  1931. Merci!
    2
  1932. @msms47 haha, yes
    2
  1933. no Fluorine does not have the highest electron affinity - that is Chlorine. And Francium is one of the two lowest, but a good case could be made for Caesium. Can you please check wikipedia before making posts like this?
    2
  1934. Python code link in description
    2
  1935. yes.
    2
  1936. @wilsonlaulau I'm pretty sure friction is necessary...
    2
  1937. They’re still available for sale!
    2
  1938. remarkable right? This evolution just happens based on mutations that happen randomly to individuals, no need for swapping genes between organisms.
    2
  1939. actually it's high dose vitamin A. You should know me well enough to know we don't mess around with what we show in videos.
    2
  1940. To be honest I don't know the answer. Off the top of my head, I'd say the charged electrons and protons spiral around the field lines. Then electrons headed to the north pole would spiral in the opposite direction to ones headed to the south pole. Then again I could be way off so you may want to investigate further.
    2
  1941. I posted the answer last week - did you not see it?
    2
  1942. it's what plants crave
    2
  1943. yeah, I think it needs a trim... but I have no trimmer.
    2
  1944. It's up now!
    2
  1945. Thank you! We're dedicated to making sure that those who have shaped our world, get the recognition they deserve!
    2
  1946. You have to interact with it, and we delve more into measurement later in the video.
    2
  1947. Is it sensationalized? I'd argue both those titles very much are. Are they withholding information to create a curiosity gap? Absolutely. Hence Type II clickbait. They haven't even tried to tell you what the stories are about.
    2
  1948. That’s why it’s the first five seconds - so you can make that call.
    2
  1949. Thanks! There is some genuine good feedback here in the comments and I take it on board. I want to redouble my efforts for future videos.
    2
  1950. Thank you!
    2
  1951.  @JimPankey  haha it was here the whole time!
    2
  1952. Thank you! Glad to hear!
    2
  1953. For me it’s just a wonderland - they have those conveyor belts on the ceiling and all the toys. I find it very hard to leave without buying anything...
    2
  1954. The pizza cutter didn’t work!
    2
  1955. that counts as a view
    2
  1956. Maybe there will be more with him... it was all great but I had to keep the vid a manageable length
    2
  1957. ah yes, incompetech com - the song is 'Mirage'
    2
  1958. 3. They didn't so much change colour - green/yellow was very common, and sometimes you could see red/purple tips higher up.
    2
  1959. I still facepalm at that hahaha
    2
  1960. Glad it was helpful!
    2
  1961. superfluid neurons!
    2
  1962. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed!
    2
  1963. Thank you!
    2
  1964. Car is electric. Powered by solar panels.
    2
  1965. I don't have the Hero3 yet - but when I get it, you'll see it in the vids. This is still the 2.
    2
  1966. Thank you, that's amazing to hear!
    2
  1967. Thank you for saying!
    2
  1968. Thank you!
    2
  1969. we're working on that
    2
  1970. yeah, but they look cool no? it's a cartoon and a popular representation of vikings...
    2
  1971. 100!/100 is the number of unique loops of length 100. Divide that by the total number of ways 100 slips could be placed in 100 boxes (which is 100!)
    2
  1972. Dark energy seems tied to space. In the past space was smaller so there was less dark energy. There is more now, enough for its effects to be observably speeding up the expansion of the universe.
    2
  1973. I thought the pacing of this one worked better than some of my past attempts...
    2
  1974. That’s the convention in the scientific community. Even applies to moonquakes.
    2
  1975. 😂
    2
  1976. Sorry I loved the “is this normal?” question. So it turns out the biggest wall I have access to is up pretty high. So that’s where I did the projection and I had to climb the ladder to be in the same shot as the slides.
    2
  1977. of course!
    2
  1978. There was some of it in the video. I cut it. I’ll put it back for next video. D
    2
  1979. It can’t pass - for now it’s passed them all
    2
  1980. yeah, the events yesterday and just generally down here
    2
  1981. Thanks for your detailed comment. I looked into some of this and may do a follow up!
    2
  1982. Good, and it has an air cleaning effect too
    2
  1983. Concrete requires energy but that doesn’t have to mean fossil fuels. This is exactly why I think policy action is necessary. Make policy to put a price on CO2 emissions and then allow the market to find cost efficient solutions.
    2
  1984. I think for one thing it’s easier to make a strong field when the bore is smaller
    2
  1985. Right?!
    2
  1986. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed!
    2
  1987. Clickbait!
    2
  1988. Thank you so much for your kind words! Glad you enjoy the content!
    2
  1989. Thank you!
    2
  1990. I called Phantom ;)
    2
  1991. Thank you for your support! Glad to hear you enjoyed!
    2
  1992. Thank you!
    2
  1993. Thanks! Yes I know it was an unusual posting time. YouTube informs me that the clickthrough rate was lower than usual. I think that makes sense in a way for the previous title and thumbnail. I wanted it to be classy but it also didn't give the audience much information about what to expect. The new title and thumbnail hopefully conveys more information about what the video is about. In Ken's own words, "the guy who figured out how snowflakes work" - and I think it's awesome how he can built the sort of snowflake he likes in the lab. So highlighting those two key aspects of the video.
    2
  1994. No, thank you! :)
    2
  1995. I'm not sure I understand the setup you're proposing. The water somehow needs to change momentum at the location where I am - it has to be pushed down in order for me to be pushed up...
    2
  1996. Thank you!
    2
  1997. I looked into this. It is inconclusive at the moment but possible…
    2
  1998. Woohoooooo!!!
    2
  1999. Well it’s early but it seems this title and thumbnail has not pleased the algorithm (or the people) or both.
    2
  2000. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed!
    2
  2001. Thanks for flagging. Looking into this now.
    2
  2002. Added a correction to the description. Thanks for pointing it out, @manicpixiedreambuoy
    2
  2003. yeah, the carrot doesn't have to be that big. A medium carrot will do it. Some say a baby carrot. And of course you can get vitamin A from other foods too...
    2
  2004. just shake your heady vigorously as you watch the video, it's a similar effect. I'll see if I can put it on 2veritasium, so look out for it there.
    2
  2005. I'm west coast - and it's the end of the month. Happy November to you!
    2
  2006. Grazie mille!
    2
  2007. @notfree25 I love this comment! B is close to the highest velocity but I said C is the fastest point. We can measure instantaneous velocity - you just have to think of measuring the change in position over shorter and shorter time intervals. Think of measuring change in position over a nanosecond rather than zero time. If an object has 0 speed it can still have non-zero acceleration. This seems weird but velocity can be changing when velocity is zero. Heavy stuff - I appreciate your thinking!
    2
  2008. This is the optimal strategy and you can mathematically prove it.
    2
  2009. Yeah that’s gonna be confusing. I hope you stick with it!
    2
  2010. Thank you! Frankly I never knew this stuff and I wouldn’t have suspected they employ 200 phds and do genome sequencing etc
    2
  2011. Thank you! That's a cool way of looking at it, hopefully we can get to that level someday!
    2
  2012. Obrigado!
    2
  2013. Yup, this is an important point and one that should be elaborated on.
    2
  2014. I'm going through a phase. But I think it's a good one.
    2
  2015. That would be so helpful. I think they beta tested this feature a while back but not sure what's happened to it since then.
    2
  2016. yeah I had watched the Youtube videos so I didn't expect that violent of a reaction.
    2
  2017. I think it’s Viva and it’s really good, you can reuse it and use it more like a cloth.
    2
  2018. You know today is the 50th anniversary of the moon landing right?
    2
  2019. Thank you!
    2
  2020. That’s up to you to figure out. It’s a challenge after all.
    2
  2021. you don't need a football field of solar panels. I get everything I need for the house and car from the panels on my roof... @gameplaymore5951 
    2
  2022. I mean when they’re both at their best. This is an underdog story. Film has always been better than video, but video has been making steady progress over the last century until this point in time where it’s overtaken film ( mainly in the last 7 years). I find that pretty remarkable
    2
  2023. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed the video! For questions about this video or the first part, please fill out the google form for our upcoming Q&A session!
    2
  2024. Because they didn’t use video, they used film. I mean a bigger missing name is John Logie Baird who developed the first working TV with the Nipkow disk. That is to say there are a lot of people to mention and only so many fit in a YT video
    2
  2025. @GeorgTsabou That means the ice is cold enough to refreeze water that melted from the surface.
    2
  2026. I mean the music was the same (for a section) but the outro was a little different and even the logo has had some minor tweaks @Ultiminati 
    2
  2027. I hope you do too! In my experience it’s a constant effort, sometimes you make strides and sometimes fall back. But acknowledging this and knowing where you want to be is half the battle.
    2
  2028. It's my personal fave but I don't know it'll catch on.
    2
  2029. why is everyone looking at this vid now? I got the impression no one was terribly interested in the answer which is one of the reasons I've put it off.
    2
  2030. You could sustain 2x or 3x wind speed indefinitely
    2
  2031. Yeah I was contemplating doing a section on gestation, ran out of time!
    2
  2032. Good point!
    2
  2033. Yup, it can sustain speeds up to 3x the wind
    2
  2034. Are there uncountably infinite radioactive decays? That is not certain.
    2
  2035. Out of curiosity, do you find it misleading or sensationalized? Do you think Collatz Conjecture would be a better title? Do you agree that title actually contains less information for most people? What would your ideal title be?
    2
  2036. It does - just a relativistic version of this equation...
    2
  2037. Or just enjoy their beautiful light
    2
  2038. Thank you!
    2
  2039. lol, I think he went to Queen's too... then he made billions of dollars.
    2
  2040. GH4 modified to see full spectrum plus Baader U filter
    2
  2041. The night shots were done with a long exposure, so the sky looks bluer and brighter than it did to the naked eye.
    2
  2042. Thank you!
    2
  2043. I miss that channel too!
    2
  2044. I know! I was thinking of mentioning it
    2
  2045. Thank you!
    2
  2046. Thank you!
    2
  2047. I would love to see a systemic solution. One of the things Wren invests in is lobbying for policy change.
    2
  2048. @MrYogibearz Exactly.
    2
  2049. There is plenty of evidence for it in astronomy. We have not detected any particles of it because the only way it seems to interact with ordinary matter is through gravity, so to observe that you need big objects and large scales.
    2
  2050. Every version of you on every branch could ask that question.
    2
  2051. Email me - this handle at gmail
    2
  2052. Thank you! I think you just found out!
    2
  2053. Thank you!
    2
  2054. You know I filmed an extension of this yesterday...
    2
  2055. Yes the wheels keep the prop turning but there is no other energy source than the wind
    2
  2056. I honestly think it's pretty safe. The guys milking the snakes on the other hand... that's risky and requires a lot of skill.
    2
  2057. Thank you!
    2
  2058. no prob!
    2
  2059. You know the vid is under 6 min right?
    2
  2060. Thank you! This is great to know
    2
  2061. Thanks for letting us know! We worked hard on this thumbnail and testing it out with a variety of viewers
    2
  2062. I would love to do that one! I've mentioned it before in the 'is glass a liquid?' video
    2
  2063. Thank you!
    2
  2064. And I’m not sure why because it wasn’t slowed down. I think my computer just had problems maybe with the codec...
    2
  2065. That wasn’t taking off and landing on another planet.
    2
  2066. You did. I changed the title because I think it didn't capture what the video is really about. I want people to know what they're going to see before they see it. I saw lots of comments saying they thought they were going to see colors turned into music or something... Clearly not what this video is about. I've spent a lot of time over the last few days trying to get the title and thumbnail right (and failing apparently). Anyway, hope this is an improvement.
    2
  2067. I hate munching sounds too. They’re the worst
    2
  2068. Thank you!
    2
  2069. Thank you for your support and kind words! That sounds like a good idea, if you have any further input regarding videos you'd like to see, feel free to reach out to contact@veritasium.com
    2
  2070. when you click, you got duped and you're headed down the chute to trash content.
    2
  2071. Thank you!
    2
  2072. yup, that works
    1
  2073. more a reflection of how much people hate Facebook than how much they like the video I imagine...
    1
  2074. haha, interesting - thanks for sharing your first-hand experience!
    1
  2075. bajula1998 you know how to get it online!
    1
  2076. +이린아 what does it say?
    1
  2077. +Josh M really?! that's crazy! hmmmm.... I can't see options below 1080p right now, but earlier I was watching in 320p
    1
  2078. +Aziz Moalim :( the first thing I saw Youtube offer was 320p and then it went up to 4k so I made it live but maybe it's redoing the low-res now
    1
  2079. There's a fine line between the science and the politics on this one. The IPCC is a collection of hundreds of leading climate scientists from around the world who meet to discuss the published evidence and provide a summary. They are the internationally accepted authority on climate change. However some would dismiss them as a political body. I guess it's up to you. My point would be their results are not alarmist or sensationalist. They try to present the science as clearly and as accurately as they can.
    1
  2080. +Rafic Dalati it's to avoid damage to the rover. A lot can go wrong in a hurry on Mars and we're on a 20 min delay.
    1
  2081. Deconverted Man it swirls at the polls (assuming the pool is heated) but does not swirl at the equator
    1
  2082. Mthokozisi Sithole I don't think a South African broadcaster has picked it up - it would be great if they did.
    1
  2083. FrostedCreations we did... noted this in the description. >3 times each, always the same result
    1
  2084. Antoine Papelier Thanks Antoine - appreciate the feedback!
    1
  2085. ***** understood. I switched cameras to a GH4 which has a cropped sensor, meaning my 12mm wide angle is effectively a 24mm. This means even at arm's length my head is big in frame. I'd rather have a wider shot but it's hard to get good multipurpose lenses that go wider than 12mm... I recently bought a little action cam that may help me take care of this problem.
    1
  2086. Sure Alcubierre drive is valid in terms of general relativity but it requires negative mass/energy which may well be physically impossible (as it seems now).
    1
  2087. Yup, and use less electricity, take shorter showers. But most importantly, talk to the people around you and see what they think about the subject. Only if we all want to change will the large-scale shifts occur.
    1
  2088. Thanks Andrew. Methane from livestock is a significant contributor to our greenhouse gas emissions and as you point out reducing these emissions could greatly reduce our carbon footprint. However I can find no evidence that it is the majority cause. You're right it is more potent, but it is not more abundant. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas#mediaviewer/File:Greenhouse_Gas_by_Sector.png
    1
  2089. +Sercan A yeah it experiences weightlessness from the time the bottle leaves my hand. That was the point of the analogy. Once it's moving up no additional force is required to keep it moving up
    1
  2090. Baloth86 cool - it'll be on the ZDF/arte website, plus PBS and SBS
    1
  2091. the measurement apparatus consists of a strong gradient magnetic field, so it's the orientation of this field that determines the direction of the spin measurement.
    1
  2092. John .Fielder sorry http://www.explainingclimatechange.ca/Climate%20Change/swf/videos/CollisionalHeating.swf
    1
  2093. Thanks!
    1
  2094. SentinelPrimek pm
    1
  2095. Elias Peteri that's one way to look at it. The other is to be grateful for the time that you do have, right now. Isn't it great that you have the chance to experience some things rather than nothing at all?
    1
  2096. Eng phys! It's a challenge but it's awesome if you love physics.
    1
  2097. +Larry Menasco they use computer simulations to determine what waves will be emitted and how they will look to the detector. When the spins are not aligned for example, the signal looks different
    1
  2098. Thanks for your thoughtful comments. Here are some responses: 1. Over the past 130 years, humans raised the level of CO2 in the atmosphere from 280ppm to 400ppm - an increase of 40% 2. For the last 800,000 years at least, the level of CO2 hasn't risen above 300pm 3. The level of CO2 was much higher in the distant past (millions of years ago) but at this time the sun's output was 4% dimmer, so the additional CO2 was required to trap the heat in. 4. CO2 is not a problem for air quality. The only reason why it should be reduced is if it acidifies the ocean and causes warming (both of which the majority of climate scientists agree it does)
    1
  2099. Incompetech.com "Ice Flow" free dl
    1
  2100. 4ever Moh email the CBC. If they get a few emails they'll play it. And/or do you get PBS?
    1
  2101. Raletia good suggestion - thank you!
    1
  2102. so the moderate slow-mo was GH5 180fps but the real slow-mo was 1000-1800fps
    1
  2103. samramdebest +IamIUareU unfortunately that explanation fails to explain the phenomenon of the reverse Magnus effect (when the ball bends the opposite way due to laminar flow on one side and turbulent flow on the other). This shows that a simple pressure difference explanation is insufficient for explaining the Magnus effect, which depends on boundary layer effects of the air right next to the ball getting pulled along with it: http://math.mit.edu/~bush/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Beautiful-Game-2013.pdf
    1
  2104. ( ͡° ͜ʖ͡°) Zevi Rubin it'll be online, but you may have to work around geoblocking.
    1
  2105. it's tough to say information has been transferred if both measurements are random up/down
    1
  2106. Just try it!
    1
  2107. FerenzeeBlazingReapr never insulted. I appreciate the feedback. I had a similar feeling when watching my mouth in the intro haha. Think I was trying to talk to the rock!
    1
  2108. BAM5 it'll be two hours in some places and three in Australia!
    1
  2109. That's a big part of it! The cognitively lazy thing is to be accepting and gullible.
    1
  2110. +David Fair my point is anecdotes trump data in the minds of many when they really shouldn't. But as communicators we have to work with human psychology, not expect it to conform to logic or reason
    1
  2111. yeah, they revised that down.
    1
  2112. +Kahale Ishikawa did you sing the bell? Can you send me a screenshot
    1
  2113. Conor Porteous it will... or email the BBC!
    1
  2114. the view numbers have not been great so maybe bad title/thumbnail?
    1
  2115. +Ashish Ashu I appreciate it!
    1
  2116. spin is quicker to say - and that actually helps comprehension.
    1
  2117. John Kraemer downloadable through the internet most likely...
    1
  2118. Suiseiseki Desu And a PhD in physics...
    1
  2119. Robin AH I need to see it like that!
    1
  2120. MedicBear I would like it to - hopefully BBC gets on board. Emailing them wouldn't hurt ;)
    1
  2121. Jesse Underwood do you get PBS? Otherwise email CBC
    1
  2122. Richard Stilley none are available at the moment. I'll let you know when I get them made up.
    1
  2123. Kaneebo it could be, but no climate model can give the correct predictions of what's happening to the climate today without including human produced green house gases. This is strong evidence that the change being witnessed right now is at least partly due to human activity.
    1
  2124. +Kwin van der Even that's ok - I'm glad you think it's a cool idea!
    1
  2125. Yes luck and random chance are synonymous. I don't see the contradiction.
    1
  2126. Elliot Sutherland that's the way the UK rolls for the moment. I know some people are contacting the BBC and if enough do, it may end up on there.
    1
  2127. yeah I thought about it, but the whole negative mass/energy thing kind of puts me off.
    1
  2128. ***** I think there should be ways to get it online
    1
  2129. Yak Eru eh? Do you get PBS? And I'm Canadian for the record. My family is in Canada. An email to the CBC could help it get broadcast there.
    1
  2130. Thomas Hulley haha, thank you. I recognize that TV is a different 'beast' and online will always be my home. This documentary will be different because it is a team project, longer, more professional, written, directed, edited, and produced by people who are not me. Hopefully you will enjoy it nonetheless.
    1
  2131. Jared haha
    1
  2132. Tucson AZ
    1
  2133. mattxXx13 uhm... desalination?
    1
  2134. Falcrist 1) I will be commenting and doing interviews about this documentary 2) There are parts of the documentary where I am speaking for myself but I was also working as part of a team so some things I wanted to cover may be omitted (and I'll deal with them here on YT) 3) I will put up some of the footage of things I observed in those cool locations.
    1
  2135. would've - it's my Canadian accent ;)
    1
  2136. Max B It is a big temp range but it depends on what we do over the next 100 years, what our emissions are etc. Most agree that a 2C temp rise is worth being concerned about. When did the IPCC 'fudge data' in the past?
    1
  2137. wolfshondbk An explanation based on Bernoulli's principle is tempting but surface effects are important for explaining how it really works http://math.mit.edu/~bush/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Beautiful-Game-2013.pdf
    1
  2138. yes, West Vancouver in fact.
    1
  2139. thanks man!
    1
  2140. I appreciate the positive feedback ;)
    1
  2141. rblxstudio18 overall the point is we're not going to solve climate change with recycling. We need alternative energy sources for electricity and transport.
    1
  2142. but there were some particles nearby that were affected deterministically by our conversation otherwise you would not have been able to see it in this video.
    1
  2143. Thanks man!
    1
  2144. Martin Fisker it will be online in some form...
    1
  2145. This is a great question but I'm not sure about it - one reason is because it's driven by a speaker on one side...
    1
  2146. UMos that's TV for you
    1
  2147. Sgt Papertowels yup!
    1
  2148. touchnova you say this video treats "humanity as if it were made up of numbers and not unique beings." That is not my intention. My point is that there are occurrences involving people which are (at least somewhat) random in nature. But since we are not innately good statisticians we sometimes mistake 'noise' for the signal.
    1
  2149. Comments, likes, shares. Y'know the usual.
    1
  2150. +tsogoo od do they even herd sheep in Mongolia? I feel like I meant to say something more appropriate there - Yak herder perhaps?
    1
  2151. probably about 4.5 metres!
    1
  2152. Tomas Sandven what about using your phone too?
    1
  2153. what language would you like to translate it into? It's already available with subtitles in Arabic, English, French, Indonesian, Polish, Romanian, etc. If there is another language you want to translate it into, you can download the English caption file and upload your own translation at veritasium.subtitl.us
    1
  2154. I've already made a vid on this! Search 'most amazing thing about trees'
    1
  2155. yep!
    1
  2156. +AlchemistArea | Maxwell Thank you so much!
    1
  2157. Bretout haha the GH4 is super sharp, some people say too sharp.
    1
  2158. Herdatec it will exist other places online.
    1
  2159. looks that way
    1
  2160. Everything doesn't boil down to chance (aka luck), but chance plays a larger role in many parts of our lives than we acknowledge and this has non-random consequences we sometimes incorrectly interpret as causal. Separately, well-controlled studies in a range of areas (and even species) have shown rewards to be more effective for helping individuals learn skills than punishments. So it's important to stay positive even when it seems like it's not working.
    1
  2161. download it free from incompetech.com - it's called 'Ice Flow'
    1
  2162. Allam Rushdi please email the CBC a one-liner so they know you're interested.
    1
  2163. I think if you look closely you can see some...
    1
  2164. Hernando Ortiz it will be available in some form online, eg. PBS.org
    1
  2165. Pivitrix well this is TV...
    1
  2166. Yeah, I'm definitely considering it, but trying to keep in mind the loudest voices in this comment section may not be subscribers but trolls and deniers.
    1
  2167. yes you can. If you keep measuring in the same direction you get the same result. When you change directions by 90 degrees the newly measured spin will be 50/50 
    1
  2168. Monish Sharma It'll be available online in some form, which may require getting around geoblocking...
    1
  2169. brazil nuts, for example, are also radioactive. Every living thing is to a degree but some things like bananas and brazil nuts are noticeably so.
    1
  2170. Queen's University - Canada
    1
  2171. Patrick Withee I was indeed - well spotted!
    1
  2172. I had a look at this hypothesis and it's not unreasonable but I don't think it has been accepted by most of the archeological community
    1
  2173. ***** it'll be online but you may have to work around geoblocking...
    1
  2174. this is a cool sequence and no one came up with it!
    1
  2175. +Bottleworksnet what I would suggest to you is that much of the time there is existing theory and/or evidence to back up the eventual conclusion so they are not so much establishing as demonstrating - and in a way that is most consistent with how people learn
    1
  2176. that's pretty much what this was. Did you see the other video?
    1
  2177. NeverTrustAnAtom it'll be online...
    1
  2178. Eyal Harush it will be online in various countries, hopefully you can access one of them
    1
  2179. bangelo1 The documentary aims to tell the story of Uranium, an odd element whose mysteries we unlocked both for better and for worse. The trailer uses those blasts because it's TV drama but the documentary is much more thoughtful.
    1
  2180. ellawelly thank you for putting in the effort!
    1
  2181. Eek a Mouse some of the dark matter may be primordial black holes (ones made in the Big Bang)
    1
  2182. light kinda is a particle. just sayin'
    1
  2183. thanks man!
    1
  2184. I think the difference is affirming correct behaviors vs. critiquing/criticising 'incorrect' behaviors.
    1
  2185. ***** understood. Thanks for your feedback!
    1
  2186. B1cam if enough people say, email the bbc...
    1
  2187. it's not... It's a coal plant. They have cooling towers too.
    1
  2188. experiments have used photons or other fundamental particles. I was imagining an electron / anti-electron pair.
    1
  2189. Aaron Landers can you add another device? eg. phone?
    1
  2190. and responses to my Facebook videos by social media marketers who say 'FB ads have worked for me so there can't be fake likes.'
    1
  2191. 16 Bit Images I could probably show another clip there...
    1
  2192. Did you not read my comment? In the video were shown cooling towers and CO2 chimneys from a coal-fired power station.
    1
  2193. No, people do care - that is exactly the point of this channel. The discussion of the fighter pilots was not meant to be a rigorous psychological study. Those have been done and (if Kahneman summaries correctly) show rewards significantly outperform punishments for skills learning. But a common misunderstanding of statistical phenomena leads in cases to people drawing incorrect causal inferences from their experiences. That is what this video is about.
    1
  2194. No the ice is not increasing. At the North Pole for example, sea ice reached it's all-time minimum in 2012. In the last two years it's come back a bit but it's still well below 1980-2000 averages. I think 2013 was the 6th least sea ice ever recorded. Where did you get your info? Check out this article for details: http://www.slate.com/blogs/bad_astronomy/2014/09/01/global_warming_denial_claims_of_arctic_ice_recovering_are_exaggerated.html The term climate change is used because 'global warming' implies everywhere should be warmer all of the time (which is not how the climate system works). It also suggests the only concern is warmth, whereas the reality is more sever storms, drought, floods etc.
    1
  2195. dukishlygreat an ad for a 2/3 hour documentary I did?
    1
  2196. submarimewha good poem!
    1
  2197. TheMrchachalaka I'm happy to hear it! You should email your local broadcaster.
    1
  2198. Wish2fly thanks for your feedback. I know TV has a different style from YouTube and it's weird because you know how I am on here. It'll be different but I hope you like it.
    1
  2199. fire piston!!! You know I have a video on that - why didn't I think of it?! (it was 6 years ago but still...)
    1
  2200. zehmeester Like all sailboats, they have trouble sailing directly into wind (and these rotors don't do well directly downwind either), however there are a range of wind angles in which they can generate a force with at least a component in the forward direction
    1
  2201. We are all Canucks.
    1
  2202. fonggf yes, it's generally better than nothing but it won't have a big impact on CO2 emissions.
    1
  2203. I think it's pronounced doobly-doo, and that guy's awesome - as are Hank and John!
    1
  2204. TechHackerKa it'll be online via PBS, SBS, ZDF/arte
    1
  2205. RsN92 no swirl!
    1
  2206. I'm flying from LAX now. We rarely all get together and we only have time for one event
    1
  2207. Wobak974 the pool amplifies the effect since it takes a long time to drain and the water can be made almost perfectly still beforehand. Check out the paper in the description if your doubt persists, or replicate the experiment!
    1
  2208. propagating at the speed of light makes sense in local space, but over large distances the expansion of space means the velocities of objects and in fact light depends on the position of the observer - the point being the light is actually getting farther away from us for a time before it enters a region of space, which is subliminal from our perspective and starts making progress towards us.
    1
  2209. +WinkGuy nope. The ball is not being pushed up with the entire force of the water, just a small fraction of this. And a lot of that upward force goes to balancing the object's weight. The spray away from the stream counteracts the component of force pushing the ball out of the stream
    1
  2210. yup, same kind of deal. No need to worry about angles of spins in an atom
    1
  2211. that's in my other video: http://bit.ly/12Fmlpl
    1
  2212. Kory Hill Thanks for your story - keep fighting the good fight! I'm with you and I am still optimistic.
    1
  2213. yeah, so I had to convince them it was legit.
    1
  2214. Well spotted!
    1
  2215. +Abhay Bhatt sorry, I know a lot of people are here for the cool images so I cut some of the explanation. The razor is there to block light that was deflected by the different refractive index material in front of the mirror. You can think of these refractions as scrambling up the light. It all ends up converging on the spot I showed but some parts of the light that would have been in the top section are in the bottom due to the refraction and vice versa. Hence cutting off half the light improves the contrast of the object in front of the mirror. If all the light goes through, then a lot of the scrambling information is lost (since all light goes to form the image)
    1
  2216. left a comment there earlier today.
    1
  2217. Jay Parikh yup, sometimes I like to mix it up.
    1
  2218. Steve Lane Thanks Steve! I think the most important thing we can do is support smart policy decisions. Each of us can be conscious of our choices about energy use, modes of transport, diet, but ultimately a systematic shift is required.
    1
  2219. exactly. In fact the concept of energy conservation seems to break down on large scales.
    1
  2220. bi1iruben yup, it looks that way. And so far I've had no luck waking the Aussies in charge of the site.
    1
  2221. Assuming you're not a troll, that was a coal power plant with stack in view (in addition to cooling towers).
    1
  2222. Juan Carlos I don't have control over this unfortunately - the documentary gets broadcast where people want to see it.
    1
  2223. Kurukx sweet! welcome
    1
  2224. that's the idea of hidden information - if it were established from the start we would get different statistics from our measurements
    1
  2225. Aditha Doratiyawa exactly
    1
  2226. TheBigBigBlues BBC!
    1
  2227. standingunder but then you can't see certain LCD screens!
    1
  2228. +John Paul Cauchi optical image stabilization in the lens plus 5-axis stabilization in the camera - GH5
    1
  2229. Take your point on silicon. But many individual elements have changed the world in their own way
    1
  2230. You think it's the pressure of the camera? So try it on a friend without a camera around. Let me know what happens.
    1
  2231. You measure the spin using a strong magnetic field, seeing which way the particle deflects. I was imagining electrons and anti-electrons in this video, but it could have been photons or other tiny particles.
    1
  2232. +jfurli they have to have low mass, especially the larger ones. This makes them easier to spin and also require less force to levitate because they're lighter
    1
  2233. AFO conference
    1
  2234. nope, household recycling is certainly a good idea, but due to the energy required to collect the material and reprocess it, it doesn't produce a great savings of CO2 compared with starting from scratch.
    1
  2235. I think you get PBS right? Otherwise email the CBC
    1
  2236. that's already been released - Bullet Block Explained!
    1
  2237. We were not close to anywhere populated - outside Sonderborg
    1
  2238. +AmoebaMan apples and oranges do have some similarities...
    1
  2239. jaziel tan VPN to PBS?
    1
  2240. did I say mathematical sequence? Or did I just say 'sequence of numbers'?
    1
  2241. haha, certain songs work best with it - electro because it has pure tones and plenty of bass
    1
  2242. miky mutinelli thank you!
    1
  2243. okay, but be warned: we're going back to science after this. It's not going to be all social media rants. If you do stick with me I appreciate your support.
    1
  2244. I'm guessing, or maybe kids who have signed up to be paid for liking pages?
    1
  2245. +Peter McQuill that's a good point but liquid is likely necessary to allow the mixing of molecules. I'd doesn't have to be water.
    1
  2246. Alejandro Apellido Hola!
    1
  2247. Yes, the planet goes through cycles, but we know when those happen by looking at the temp and CO2 record, and this isn't one. The level of CO2 has risen by 100ppm in around 100 years. Previous changes of this magnitude (when part of a natural cycle) typically take 5000 years. Livestock do play a role but debris from outer space and underwater volcanoes have a negligible impact.
    1
  2248. Stefanus Vincent I thought so a little as I listened back to it. It's because I did it all in voice over with animations after.
    1
  2249. John Michael Strubhart "the truth about toilet swirl specifically is due to the shape of the bowl and the direction from which water flows into the bowl" this was said almost verbatim in Destin's video. Did you sync them both together?
    1
  2250. Yeah, in sports this is called choking. Not exactly the same thing, but the idea is Drew get's two involved and interferes with the normal workings of Gun so everything gets thrown out of whack. I think the same must be possible with thinking through problems.
    1
  2251. WorldOfDeepThought I put a quote in the description “A number of ingenious experiments were devised to test the speed of the fission reaction, and the limit was pushed. But even so, I thought it would be very nice to go one step nearer to a real atomic explosion. Dick Feynman, who was present, started to chuckle and to say that this is just like tickling the tail of a sleeping dragon.” Professor Otto R Frisch, January 1969 Physicist, the Manhattan Project.
    1
  2252. How Ridiculous great job guys! And how many tries did it take to get the basket?
    1
  2253. patrolmostwanted no swirl!
    1
  2254. Luis Navas awesome! What was your technique?
    1
  2255. Some was hot and steamy so I didn't test it. Other pools that looked they they were boiling were actually cool and just had CO2 bubbles coming up
    1
  2256. ABQSentinel I hear you. The point is that right now the lake is in a sorry state (and there are a lot of environments on Earth that are similar due to our influence). Sometimes natural disasters happen and whole ecosystems are, without any input from us, devastated. But increasingly it's our actions that are causing environmental degradation. If we don't learn that from the Salton Sea I think we're missing the point.
    1
  2257. fly less, use less electricity, eat less meat, but I think we need systematic change and the most important thing their is making sure everyone is aware of the issues and is pushing for collective change.
    1
  2258. Daedalus Young haha I'm with you! It'll be online on the PBS, SBS and ZDF/arte websites.
    1
  2259. Øyvind Jøstensen yeah, that's TV for you
    1
  2260. Darth Strakh Awesome! I hope you love it!!
    1
  2261. Gabriel Akibo-Betts haha email the BBC!
    1
  2262. Lucas Noetzold great theory, wanna prove us wrong? Now's your chance and it would only cost you $10 for a kiddie pool.
    1
  2263. Matt Lew not bad! would have been good to have another device to take a picture and tweet it at us ;)
    1
  2264. stick with it!
    1
  2265. Haha - thank you! That summarises how I feel about the topic
    1
  2266. Breakdancingsquirrel you should get PBS no?
    1
  2267. yeah, I know. I tried to be kind, lowering some of those tones, but that's what it really sounded like so you get the full experience.
    1
  2268. You can't have any arbitrary plan, only those plans where measurement of the same spin direction on both particles always gives opposite results. If you do this you find different results >56% of the time 
    1
  2269. +Santiago Perez coming soon!
    1
  2270. nope. I interviewed 9 people and only one proposed a sequence with descending numbers in it. No one proposed negatives.
    1
  2271. ZanyZeee sweet - thanks!
    1
  2272. coming!
    1
  2273. ***** Do you get PBS? Otherwise maybe email the CBC?
    1
  2274. watch it again! It'll make more sense I promise
    1
  2275. I will check it out when I fly to Arlanda this weekend. Meetup on Sunday 3pm at Cafe String
    1
  2276. thanks!
    1
  2277. TheParkourPenguin You make a good point. Nature on its own will do its thing and usually that works out fine. When we start messing with it we sometimes get it wrong, as has happened here. The question now is what do we do with our mess. Walk away from it? Or try to fix it? I think there are economic arguments that fixing it would work out cheaper in the long run.
    1
  2278. Phillip sure, but it will be on the PBS and US websites. I'll tweet and FB it
    1
  2279. Mohammed Raza mine, used to be 5D III, now GH4
    1
  2280. you get the same result you got in the first measurement (assuming you measure in the same direction). If you measure at 90 degrees to the first measurement then it's 50/50 what you'll get
    1
  2281. Saki630 great!
    1
  2282. Stillwater Sonder what? that exists?
    1
  2283. Thank you! I didn't know B was out now...
    1
  2284. Kopipop I don't know how the rights thing works but it will be around online
    1
  2285. Hello Colombia! I think the vast majority (>95%) were fake based on their locations and engagement behaviour. I think if Facebook were paying clickfarms that would be madness. So I just can't believe it because it's too crazy.
    1
  2286. ***** go forth
    1
  2287. First CO2 is like an insulating blanket. It absorbs IR headed into space and re-radiates it in all directions (including back at earth). We can see the IR it is sending back to us on Earth, and we can see the missing IR from space. A price on carbon is a generally accepted mechanism that has been put in place in Europe, California, New Zealand, parts of Canada, Japan and is being considered in Brazil and China. It is also endorsed by big fossil fuel companies like BP. Here I'm quoting from their website: "We also believe that putting a price on carbon – one that treats all carbon equally, whether it comes out of a smokestack or a car exhaust – will make energy efficiency and conservation more attractive to businesses and individuals and lower-carbon energy sources more cost competitive. A global carbon price should be the long-term goal, but regional and national approaches are a good first step, provided temporary financial relief is given to sectors that are exposed to international competition." Leaving the politics aside, coal is dirt cheap: 1. Dig up dirt 2. Burn dirt 3. All waste goes into the atmosphere for free Nothing will ever compete with coal on price - unless the wastes are taken into account somehow. In Australia what they did with much of the carbon tax was refund it to low income families so they weren't disadvantaged by the increased costs of energy, transport etc.
    1
  2288. JJLatBIM Most economists acknowledge a price on carbon is the simplest way to reduce emissions. It allows market forces to work to find the best alternatives. All the big fossil fuel companies are on board. And the way the Aussie tax was setup was not to redistribute wealth, just to return to working families what they would have had to pay to cover the carbon tax.
    1
  2289. I take your point, but looking at the context, I said: IF (a cadet performed a particularly poor maneuver they would reprimand...) THEN (performance improved...) in contrast IF (they praised a cadet for for executing a skillful maneuver) THEN (perfomance declined...)
    1
  2290. Rowan Stothard please email the BBC
    1
  2291. +Brenda Rua they weren't expecting there to be such large mass black holes merging with so high a frequency. Binary neutron stars, which we know about through radio astronomy were a more expected source
    1
  2292. Brodern22 it's not but you have to let your local broadcaster know you want to see it!
    1
  2293. +monev nice!
    1
  2294. the song was really chosen to best utilize the pyro board - clear rhythms, pure electro tones, bass, etc. So this video is the true "song of ice and fire"...
    1
  2295. +ibycus314 it really depends on the cause of the error. If it's a random cause (contamination etc) then this holds. If it's a systemic bias then you're right. For the purposes of this discussion, I assume random errors.
    1
  2296. Ashtaroth better yet, find it online for free. There will be ways
    1
  2297. That's an excellent question - I'm starting to enjoy the new YouTube comment section this time around. My sense from the literature is that asking for a change in behavior is ok, but what's even more important is to catch this student doing positive behaviors and rewarding him/her much more often.
    1
  2298. please refer to the vid I did before this one "How a wing actually works". I intentionally posted in this order to hopefully make it clear. What he says is not wrong, but as you say it could be misinterpreted.
    1
  2299. Thank you!
    1
  2300. Grazie mille!
    1
  2301. careful about saying accelerate at the same speed - it's like saying they speed up at the same speed. I prefer accelerate at the same rate.
    1
  2302. Not stable enough
    1
  2303. the asymptote would be as measuring stick length => 0, coastline length => infinity
    1
  2304. @laury150 they were originally unlisted but I wanted people to be able to click through answers as they pleased
    1
  2305. Awesome question - the answer is gravitational potential energy. As hydrogen gas collapses due to gravitational attraction to form a star, all these particles are falling in together, speeding up as they go. They also collide with each other experiencing friction and heating up. Some 'failed stars' are not quite big enough to get the core temp up to several million Kelvin, the required fusion temp and so they turn into big gas planets instead.
    1
  2306. Thank you!
    1
  2307. Thank you!
    1
  2308. I do have an idea - but I'd be interested to see yours...
    1
  2309. 100! Counts 100 duplicates of each unique loop so the next step is to get rid of duplicates, so yes there are 99! Unique loops of length 100
    1
  2310. lol - yeah I'm working hard on the answer! I may have some additional data to post up here to give viewers more to go on...
    1
  2311. Thank you! Sounds like a great recommendation, will check that out for sure!
    1
  2312. @tigerleeful Yup! Sci04 at Queen's
    1
  2313. It's Australian but whatevs.
    1
  2314. FTW!
    1
  2315. It’s much more apt than say “an electronic toe”. I’d love to hear what plethora of analogies you feel would have been more appropriate
    1
  2316. I was in Denmark last year in late August. Bits that I filmed in the Copenhagen science museum have been sneaking their way into a number of films...
    1
  2317. Thank you!
    1
  2318. they don't balance out because they are acting on different objects. They are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction but they act on different objects so there is a net force on each.
    1
  2319. that was filmed on Rottnest island, off the coast of Perth. It's stunning!
    1
  2320. haha, yeah. I don't know if I fully agree with Henry that Heisenberg's principle is intuitive and should be just thought of as a consequence of waves. Light definitely has particle properties...
    1
  2321. Díky!
    1
  2322. Thank you!
    1
  2323. Wow, thank you so much! Truly amazing thank you, glad you enjoyed!
    1
  2324. @Soundslikehope to be honest I'm not sure and I would like to find out so I might rig something up - not 100m but long enough.
    1
  2325. @Turtleluver26 download it for free from veritasium (dot) com (slash) p (slash) songs.html
    1
  2326. in terms of height difference. Imagine a globe where you could never get more than 7m away from sea level.
    1
  2327. Thank you!
    1
  2328. Thank you!
    1
  2329. It would be great if this were a successful strategy, but if you watch this whole video you'll see some striking examples where a content only approach is ineffective.
    1
  2330. yes, I do and that's how I signed up too. You sign up for a month and then cancel before the start of your second month.
    1
  2331. already did it over on a channel called sciencium...
    1
  2332. Oh yeah? Care to enlighten us?
    1
  2333. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed!
    1
  2334. We did talk about it but the video is 20 min long as it is...
    1
  2335. Thank you!
    1
  2336. Thank you!
    1
  2337. You can add mass to yourself, if you eat more matter than you give out. My understanding is that most of the fats are metabolised and breathed/sweated/peed out with muscles built largely from protein intake.
    1
  2338. remember it was a dark car, and I'm not sure you can really make out anything
    1
  2339. wooohooooooo!!!
    1
  2340. nope - because you're not much of a conductor. I did have to worry about my camera though - if I brought the camera much closer it would have induced currents in the camera circuitry causing it to heat up, possibly burning out components
    1
  2341. I enjoyed it but I think post-grad universities need to be chosen by faculty/supervisor. Sydney is one of few Australian universities with an active physics education research group.
    1
  2342. on SBS? catch up on demand
    1
  2343. Thank you!
    1
  2344. this isn't actually in the movie...
    1
  2345. @ghuegel negative acceleration is NOT deceleration! The sign on acceleration indicates direction. By convention, most people choose up to be positive, in which case we are discussing whether +12 is greater than -9.8. Anyway, my intention was for the question to be about magnitude of acceleration regardless of direction.
    1
  2346. Thank you!
    1
  2347. because Earth formed already having some velocity perpendicular to a radius vector from the sun. If there were no such velocity, we would accelerate in a straight line towards it.
    1
  2348. lol
    1
  2349. Thank you!
    1
  2350. Thank you!
    1
  2351. Thank you!
    1
  2352. Thank you!
    1
  2353. Thank you!
    1
  2354. Yes cognitive ease allows Drew to chill so you get Gun’s (usually unchecked) answer. Cognitive strain brings Drew into it because Gun can’t handle it
    1
  2355. @Supersamazing Melbs this Thursday-Friday!
    1
  2356. Cảm ơn bạn!
    1
  2357. DiYGrGamer thank you for saying!
    1
  2358. Basically 100% - here I put in everyone I spoke to.
    1
  2359. Thank you glad to hear you enjoyed! For video ideas, reach out to contact@veritasium.com
    1
  2360. I think it's just when I say the word 'Australia' because I hear so many Australians saying it.
    1
  2361. as long as you like. And here diameter would be important because the pressure drop through the straw would be caused by friction between the fluid and the walls. So it would be easier to use a wider straw.
    1
  2362. Is this better? Less sensational? I wish we could A/B test on YouTube and try to find the best title for a video but lately I've been experimenting with one title/thumbnail and later changing to another one and trying to gauge the response. I want the title to be accurate but also interesting enough to click.
    1
  2363. why are those words capitalised? And do you know what they mean?
    1
  2364. not so! elements got their names by subtracting the a from the oxide and adding um, eg. magnesia -> magnesium, thoria -> thorium, so following this pattern alumina -> aluminum. Davy started with Alumium but changed to Aluminum. However people didn't think it sounded "elementy" enough so they gave us Aluminium
    1
  2365. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed!
    1
  2366. The pressure difference creates the forces - they really are two ways of saying the same thing.
    1
  2367. Thank you!
    1
  2368. Yes, these tests have been done and the record of 2.8x windspeed was certified by the North American Land Sailing Association. This clarification is missing from the video, thanks for pointing it out.
    1
  2369. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed!
    1
  2370. Oooh, the assumptions. Grew up in Vancouver but Queen's grad sci 04
    1
  2371. Thank you!
    1
  2372. @ShakkIsLife The sphere was stationary but then someone pushed it. Then once it's spinning, it keeps spinning because of its inertia.
    1
  2373. basically every particle in the universe has a slight tangential velocity to every other particle, which means they have some angular momentum. Another way to put it is it would be incredibly unlikely to have a gas cloud where particles are only moving towards or away from the centre, there is bound to be some small sideways velocity. As the cloud condenses, this velocity increases as the radius decreases, resulting in a spinning planet.
    1
  2374. I mean the phones also have microphones so...
    1
  2375. Grazie mille!
    1
  2376. @LCIsinclair lol
    1
  2377. hook me up!
    1
  2378. How can you ever discuss anything with someone who disagrees with you if you don’t explore the ideas? What are ions, how are they made, where are they plentiful and rare? How do they interact with pollutants? What do studies say about their effects on people. I don’t shut down the conversation before it starts, I embrace curiosity and the scientific method.
    1
  2379. You would think, but no it’s still a fan driven by the wheels.
    1
  2380. no - I had no idea. It all started when I posted the straws video "World's Longest Vertical Straw" - then I got lots of questions about how trees manage and I had no idea what the answer was. I suspected it would be simple but I wasn't satisfied by the answers I read online.
    1
  2381. @wilsonlaulau I'm pretty sure friction is necessary...
    1
  2382. ¡Gracias!
    1
  2383. @troubledwatersofmind Eng Phys @ Queen's University - Sci04 represent!
    1
  2384. this is awesome!
    1
  2385. Thank you!
    1
  2386. Undefined. But there are other options. Eg. Spontaneous collapse theories, hidden variable theories, epistemic theories etc.
    1
  2387. FYI this was no fly by night operation - it’s a YouTube original. There was a firefighter on set 👩‍🚒
    1
  2388. 99.9% of the atmosphere lies below 31 miles. For our recent balloon launches, the weather balloons would go up to about 100,000 ft where the atmosphere is so thin, it provides minimal drag and the payload accelerates due to gravity up to mach 1 before being slowed by the thicker atmosphere below
    1
  2389. it's on the order of a dollar
    1
  2390. Yeah it was a GoPro. I threw it on at the last minute
    1
  2391. seriously? thank you! Not what I expected.
    1
  2392. Haha, thank you for the effort!! I'll have to try and push a little harder next year...
    1
  2393. Done it! And that was distinctly more like falling.
    1
  2394. but why would their venom be so potent for us and not for the things around it that it was trying to eat or defend itself against.
    1
  2395. @TheRealMufflon No. I'm not.
    1
  2396. @plllll0 helicopter ride of course! Most of the footage was extremely shaky but these parts were at least salvageable
    1
  2397. I really need to address this point. If you detect which slit the photon goes through, you get no interference pattern at all. Because you've absorbed the photons that were passing through the apparatus. This works differently if you're using electrons because then you can scatter light off them and they will continue to travel forwards, but just not making an interference pattern.
    1
  2398. Thank you!
    1
  2399. Thank you!
    1
  2400. Thank you!
    1
  2401. Thank you!
    1
  2402. Thank you!
    1
  2403. Thank you!
    1
  2404. @MidnightSnak small in comparison to the distance to the wall.
    1
  2405. come on! acceleration is no contest. Handling depends on the car and feel. They are pretty heavy but that also gives them a solid feeling and a smooth ride by damping vibrations...
    1
  2406. Thank you!
    1
  2407. @Screiver1 I don't know if your conclusion follows from the information we have. Quantum fluctuations in the early universe seem to have given rise to more concentrated matter in some places and less concentrated in other places. This gives rise to asymmetric forces hence everything does not need to be distributed evenly/rotate the same direction etc.
    1
  2408. I have this prepared - from the Kepler Museum in Prague, but I'm not sure if it's 1Ve or 2Ve worthy.
    1
  2409. Imaginary Power haha, yeah this is what happens with no beard dye
    1
  2410. Thank you!
    1
  2411. apple motion, and something like paint/photoshop etc.
    1
  2412. That's where I did my PhD. Sometimes I like to hang out there.
    1
  2413. Thank you!
    1
  2414. @kingderderder ok, but they are massless particles not matter particles.
    1
  2415. @MrTsylana m v SQUARED over r.... haha
    1
  2416. um... think it's best to just think of them as different things. Weight is a force - if you detach force from a force, it's nothing.
    1
  2417. The thickness of a piece of paper, it’s said in the video.
    1
  2418. prove it!
    1
  2419. Thank you!
    1
  2420. What numbers did you use? Assuming we mean speed of sound in air at 20C, I get 299,792,458/343.2 = 873,500 which is roughly a million. Orders of magnitude are useful in science.
    1
  2421. Thank you!
    1
  2422. Thank you!
    1
  2423. @Terence Clark you might be the only one to notice!
    1
  2424. Thank you again haha!
    1
  2425. you can actually get mass from energy. This is what happens in particle colliders to make new particles.
    1
  2426. Thank you!
    1
  2427. for fun?
    1
  2428. Yes - relative to someone outside the jet, the sound inside the jet is moving at twice the speed of sound (because the air inside the jet is already moving at the speed of sound).
    1
  2429. Thank you!
    1
  2430. Thank you!
    1
  2431. careful editing. No, sometimes I do get exasperated, see 'misconceptions about falling objects.' Me: But you've felt the pull and you said the pull was different. Her: No, I said the weight was different, I didn't say the pull was different.
    1
  2432. Thank you!
    1
  2433. Thank you!
    1
  2434. @psycapy Confusion is a good start! The tangent of the ball represents the ball's velocity.
    1
  2435. Thank you!
    1
  2436. This is a very fair point. They can be virtually emission free to run but not to create. And in fact they do use more energy and generate more emissions in their creation. But they come out ahead usually after a few years depending on specific circumstances
    1
  2437. Thank you!
    1
  2438. The black hole is a sphere (I mean it’s a point but the event horizon is a sphere). The accretion disk is a disk - this is the way angular momentum works in 3D. MinutePhysics has a good vid about this and why the solar system is flat
    1
  2439. Lololol I think this would have helped a lot. Still, impressive what we were able to recover given the primitive setup - shows how robust the effect and algorithm are.
    1
  2440. @NumberZeroFan Phil says it's the pipes in the School of Physics which date back to 1924 - he assures me it's good to drink because of its increased 'mineral content.' I remain unconvinced.
    1
  2441. Thank you! Haha, that would be great!
    1
  2442. Thank you!
    1
  2443. Thank you!
    1
  2444. There are some charge in water (impurity ions and H+ OH-) when the droplets form this fine spray, some of those charges end up on tiny droplets without counter-ions to balance out the charge
    1
  2445. @DunkRyan funny you say that - the original cut was 5:30. I'm releasing part 2 in a few days.
    1
  2446. Thank you so much! Very grateful for you too! Glad you enjoyed the video.
    1
  2447. now.
    1
  2448. @kcaz64 that's just it - our sense of hot and cold is not of temperature, we feel the rate at which heat is conducted towards or away from us.
    1
  2449. She didn't even look in the box, but felt vindicated because the others said there was colour in there and she had predicted a kaleidoscope.
    1
  2450. Thank you!
    1
  2451. Thank you!
    1
  2452. Thank you!
    1
  2453. Thank you!
    1
  2454. Is that in the transcript? Man I pay people to make these...
    1
  2455. Thank you!
    1
  2456. Thank you!
    1
  2457. Thank you!
    1
  2458. Thank you!
    1
  2459. I asked about this - the thinking seemed to be internationally it's diplomatically tough to launch something that could be considered a space weapon - is it for detroying space junk or knocking out the satellite capabilities of some states. Plus there was concern that lasers could be used without creating more debris.
    1
  2460. Thank you!
    1
  2461. in a sense one could argue that the adhesion of the water to the cell wall pores is a type of capillary action, and this makes possible the negative pressures, but it's certainly not capillary action in the way we normally think of it.
    1
  2462. Good spotting! I was only in Copenhagen for a day and I was helped out greatly by a guy named Thomas, who showed me around the science museum and the city. Thanks Thomas!
    1
  2463. Zhiyun Crane 2
    1
  2464. Thank you, that's amazing to hear! Glad to hear you enjoyed the video and found it helpful!
    1
  2465. @lrpbpb since the mercury is denser, the atmospheric pressure can't push it as high, hence the shorter tube.
    1
  2466. Exactly!
    1
  2467. Thank you!
    1
  2468. Thank you!
    1
  2469. Thank you!
    1
  2470. Thank you!
    1
  2471. Thank you so much! That's great to hear!
    1
  2472. That’s what’s so nuts about Cantor’s discovery and why it fractured mathematics.
    1
  2473. Thank you very much, glad you found it useful!
    1
  2474. I’m looking forward to that!
    1
  2475. This is incorrect. If you take in O2 and give out C-O2. And the tree takes in C-O2 and gives out O2, then carbon is really moving from you to the tree. The only way you could make it into an equilibrium is by eating some of the tree.
    1
  2476. Only if its mass is huge - our sun won't become a black hole because it isn't massive enough
    1
  2477. Thank you!
    1
  2478. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed them!
    1
  2479. I asked her and this was the name she said they're using. But if you have other name suggestions they might be receptive.
    1
  2480. Check out my vid called BrainSTEM - he intros that vid for me and it stars a lot of other awesome YouTubers
    1
  2481. If, on the other hand, you imagine swinging around with the ball, you are in an accelerating frame of reference. But in that frame you would say the ball is stationary so the forces on it are balanced. You would propose there is an outward centrifugal force which balances the inward force of tension. But this force doesn't really 'exist' it is a result of your choice of an accelerating ref frame.
    1
  2482. I think the artist spent three days on it. Beautiful work!
    1
  2483. Because they’re very different phenomena
    1
  2484. It just seemed too simple, and I thought deserts wouldn't have a lot of biodiversity. Turned out I was wrong.
    1
  2485. seriously? I'm seeing this comment a lot here...
    1
  2486. having all sorts of trouble with the upload process - that video is this video. It was private but went out to subs anyway so I reuploaded.
    1
  2487. @1965cyclone39 lol
    1
  2488. The plural of anecdote is not data. If your grandpa smokes a pack a day and lives to 95, that doesn't mean smoking is good for you.
    1
  2489. By hand - no autopilot for these maneuvers
    1
  2490. Thank you so much! Thank you also for your kind words, glad you find these videos enjoyable and educational, that's our goal! Love from Veritasium
    1
  2491. Sydney, but I grew up in Vancouver, Canada and I've been travelling a fair bit recently.
    1
  2492. that's annoying! I have no idea but I will try to post on Monday mornings US time so check back early every week.
    1
  2493. @philippeou Yeah it could, though if we ever had a string of meteors big enough to appreciably slow the Earth's rotation, the spin of the Earth would be the least of your concerns.
    1
  2494. Thank you!
    1
  2495. And so many more great inventors, it was impossible to include them all unfortunately
    1
  2496. From 0 up to 19 km/h? My point is acceleration is not easy to see.
    1
  2497. Thank you! Glad you found the video educational!
    1
  2498. Danke!
    1
  2499. I like this suggested variation!
    1
  2500. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed!
    1
  2501. We contacted Michael Barr and he referred us to another person. Neither one of them wanted to talk about the issue. The stats for Toyotas are (and were) basically indistinguishable from all other car companies.
    1
  2502. the particular section that you cut will become air filled, but there are little perforations along the tubes which stop a single failure from affecting more than that section. It's a bit like the sections in the hull of the titanic. Only better.
    1
  2503. @alasdairtrotter @Bohnethekeks Sydney University Physics Society 2005 t-shirt celebrating the international year of physics, though variations on this theme exist on the net
    1
  2504. @PaInTeDBlAcK007 Interesting observation but 700 calories is not equivalent to a fifth of a pound. The amount of calories in food depends on the type of food as well as the weight of food.
    1
  2505. Thank you!
    1
  2506. @HrishiKod It was 0.012 g per breath so by my calculations that's 83,300 breaths or 87 hours breathing at rest.
    1
  2507. Thank you!
    1
  2508. @Quintinohthree touche!
    1
  2509. correct!  @DrAppleable 
    1
  2510. @Anastasiaology yes.
    1
  2511. Thank you!
    1
  2512. they're called 'eddy currents' - they flow in such a direction that the magnetic field they create opposes the change in magnetic field from the coil below
    1
  2513. Thank you!
    1
  2514. I've met Krauss! (And I've read his book)
    1
  2515. You certainly were! I didn't know if you would want to be in it...
    1
  2516. I did - it seems to behave the same. I have more slow-mo footage of this...
    1
  2517. 1918 but awarded in 1919 or 1920 depending on which source you believe
    1
  2518. If they didn’t then our theories wouldn’t match observations as well as they do - but people are constantly looking for deviations from theory.
    1
  2519. Thank you!
    1
  2520. In other words the question is a bad one and not physically correct.
    1
  2521. @DynamiCAPS because it is never detected as a wave - it is indivisible. A wave should be divisible
    1
  2522. Thank you!
    1
  2523. Thank you!
    1
  2524. Thank you! I'm feeling the love and I appreciate it.
    1
  2525. Thank you! Noted for sure, thank you!
    1
  2526. in the same way - breathing, sweating, going to the bathroom.
    1
  2527. Thank you!
    1
  2528. @karolis685 Brilliant question! And yes, you have understood correctly. You take in a certain amount of food - which includes atoms bonded in a certain arrangement (e.g. carbons bonded in sugar molecules). During cell respiration you break down these molecules and form new molecules (e.g. CO2) which releases energy used by your cells. Then you eliminate the CO2. So assuming you are not gaining weight (creating new fat cells), then the same amount of matter must enter you as leaves you.
    1
  2529. Thank you!
    1
  2530. @lucky2kay All of the videos are uploaded. If you're on a computer, click on the annotations. If you're on a mobile device, check out the links in the description.
    1
  2531. I doubt it, a lot of the ones you see hear are not 'swimming' very hard, just cruising. Having said that I am not in any way an expert about sharks so don't take my word for it.
    1
  2532. no I'm not a theoretical physicist. Yes I have a PhD
    1
  2533. Tried to 😔
    1
  2534. I'm assuming the acceleration wouldn't be instantaneously huge, in which case from their reference point. astronauts would drift toward the back of the spacecraft. Then they would feel "pressed into" that wall as acceleration increased.
    1
  2535. Thank you! You're too kind, glad you enjoy the content!
    1
  2536. great question. The suggestion is that our universe started out in a state of low entanglement and as time goes on entanglement is increasing. Is this related to the increase in entropy? Possibly. It makes my brain hurt to think about.
    1
  2537. This requires both sending and receiving a laser beam. Sometimes that’s not possible but receiving ambient light is...
    1
  2538. follow on twitter yo!
    1
  2539. I'm teaching there right now!!
    1
  2540. Capillaries rely on the adhesion between the water and the walls of the tube.
    1
  2541. @mattsmelser Well spotted! I'm surprised you noticed that so quickly. When filming I accidentally 'crossed the dramatic axis,' i.e. shot the convo from the left and then the two shot from the right to get a nicer background. This feels jarring and unnatural so I flipped the image in the edit. The only downside was the reversed text.
    1
  2542. Ish - the mirror is the expensive part. You need a high quality mirror and one this size costs over $1200. You can do it much cheaper with smaller mirrors.
    1
  2543. Over 8 hours during the day you would lose 100g of carbon through breathing as well (or more because you breath more if you're being active).
    1
  2544. Thank you! Glad to be of help!
    1
  2545. Danke!
    1
  2546. Thank you!
    1
  2547. The shape of the hole doesn't affect the sharpness of the image (assuming the hole is small enough and far enough away from the wall).
    1
  2548. Thank you!
    1
  2549. No. Well yes, but very, very gradually. That sphere can spin for many minutes without appreciable slowing.
    1
  2550. @zebruh haha, patience. I'll get the right stuff done soon. Promise!
    1
  2551. I appreciate pedantry but 1. The point is almost all impact craters are circles because they’re explosions (not that it’s impossible to have a rare oblong one). 2. The astronauts were covered in dust, which also got in the seals for the sample containers so if the material did happen to spontaneously ignite, they weren’t taking any chances. But don’t take my word for it, take Buzz Aldrin’s!
    1
  2552. True, but the decrease in mass of the protons is greater than the extra mass of the neutrons so fusion is still energetically favourable
    1
  2553. Thank you!
    1
  2554. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed it!
    1
  2555. 5 degrees is nearly straight (its more exaggerated in the animation
    1
  2556. If I (or someone else) can come up with something better then yes.
    1
  2557. Thank you!
    1
  2558. lol, FYI at the moment it is a single video. If you're out that's cool, I just want to make sure you understand this is a one-off video.
    1
  2559. Thank you!
    1
  2560. when we talk about pressure, we think about the molecules pushing off each other and their container. In a gas, if you eliminate all of the molecules, there is nothing pushing on the walls of the container so the pressure=0, a vacuum. But in a liquid, you can make the molecules pull on each other and the walls of their container. Imagine having a sealed piston containing a liquid, as you pull the piston out, the liquid molecules would pull on each other and their surroundings - negative pressure
    1
  2561. lol
    1
  2562. Danke!
    1
  2563. Tack!
    1
  2564. Thank you!
    1
  2565. Thank you!
    1
  2566. @BigTecks I did seriously consider doing subtitles for my American viewers, and translating pounds for everyone else. For anyone who's wondering 1kg = 2.2lbs
    1
  2567. Correct!
    1
  2568. Sound and light are very different in that sound moves through a medium (e.g. air) whereas light does not. So when you're in a plane the air is moving at the same speed as the plane so sound is still travelling at its usual speed.
    1
  2569. good catch! I can't believe I overlooked this. I swear I saw it somewhere - his name is Johann or Jan depending on who you ask but googling again it seems when I saw Helmont I thought Helmholt.
    1
  2570. Thank you!
    1
  2571. Thank you! A very valid insight, hopefully we can all cooperate more.
    1
  2572. @AlanKey86 This is a good question - one we tried to look into. The only thing I came up with is that if you relax a bit while sucking through the thin straw, the water doesn't drop down as much as with the thick straw.
    1
  2573. you exhale much more of it than you inhale, because your body is producing it as it breaks down sugars.
    1
  2574. Well I know you haven't gotten to the end of the video yet because there hasn't been time. My goal in this video is to convince you that this is the most likely possibility.
    1
  2575. The log scale?
    1
  2576. Thank you!
    1
  2577. You get the way statistics works right? You’re one of the 1%
    1
  2578. Thank you!
    1
  2579. Yes the train would REALLY take up less space and the time REALLY would be slower on the train compared to outside. I think I will try to tackle these things again in a future episode.
    1
  2580. Thank you!
    1
  2581. It's not unless current flows through it
    1
  2582. Thank you!
    1
  2583. 61
    1
  2584. coming soon...
    1
  2585. Thank you!
    1
  2586. this is not true.
    1
  2587. Watch it again - it will be clearer the second time
    1
  2588. I wrote pt 1? On the VHS tape...
    1
  2589. Thank you so much! Glad to hear you enjoyed the video!
    1
  2590. Potato, potahto 😉
    1
  2591. Thank you!
    1
  2592. just down in Dundarave
    1
  2593. I interviewed a GR prof who said there is no sound theoretical basis for saying naked singularities are impossible so I amended the script
    1
  2594. Thank you!
    1
  2595. Thank you!
    1
  2596. Thank you!
    1
  2597. Thank you for your kind words, glad to hear you enjoyed!
    1
  2598. Thank you so much!
    1
  2599. aha, because being in free fall, it simulates being in an environment with no gravity... Their frame of ref is actually more inertial from the perspective of general relativity
    1
  2600. @digitalphilosopher very, very rarely. I've posted a video of raw footage from the "Where Do Trees Come From?" video - check the description.
    1
  2601. I would say typical. I'm looking at putting all of the interview footage (roughly edited) for this on 2Ve. I had one guy from Montreal come up to me because he watches Ve - he knew the answers. Plus my last interview of the day was an engineer who had a good understanding. What you see is the rest.
    1
  2602. The preliminary solution may be all there is. I'll see what I can do but it will probably take a while. I haven't heard or come up with anything better than this.
    1
  2603. If the straw is horizontal there is no limit. Yes less dense liquids would go higher, just as more dense liquids, eg. mercury only go 0.76m. There are lots of ways of measuring air pressure, but most commonly we talk in kPa; 1 atm = 101.325 kPa = 760 mmHg
    1
  2604. @rambojohn20 ah, but was it always so? The word comes from the Greek gramma meaning little weight.
    1
  2605. do you actually believe this happened? Try it for yourself some time. There was one guy who was a chem prof from Scotland. That was it.
    1
  2606. someone got the username before me :( Then they closed their account so I now have the other username but I can't migrate all the vids across...
    1
  2607. in direct sunlight, that's a tricky question - the book may end up warmer because the aluminium reflects more light, but if they were in the same environment that didn't have strong electromagnetic radiation shining on them they should come to equilibrium with their surroundings.
    1
  2608. Thank you!
    1
  2609. Thanks for your thoughtful comment. I approached this in an open-minded way and I wanted to take people on a journey of curiosity and discovery. There are atmospheric ions and fewer in the built environment than in nature. There are studies that find effects of ionizers and meta-analyses that link negative air ions to depression. Most importantly, if I want to talk to people who own salt lamps or think crystals can heal, I cannot start from a place of ‘this is bunk.’ I can’t infuse the communication with quick dismissals. I have to show the process of science: do the experiment, examine the results and draw conclusions. So that is the main reason the video is made the way it was. I appreciate the problems of people stopping early but hopefully if I’m open minded and curious, they will be too.
    1
  2610. this is a good question. let me get back to you.
    1
  2611. @Chuukun1 You can have radioactive atoms! In fact I have many radioactive atoms inside me right now. There is no contradiction with the terminology. To wit: you can have an atom of carbon. There are isotopes of carbon. Some of them are radioactive. If you have an atom of that isotope then you have a radioactive atom of carbon.
    1
  2612. Thank you!
    1
  2613. I should have taken a swipe at him. Missed a perfect opportunity
    1
  2614. A really big one - the thinking is these large ones can’t evade detection as easily
    1
  2615. Because the video is not about that. Trig parallax would be a good topic for a video but also you can’t use trig parallax over these sorts of distances
    1
  2616. Thank you!
    1
  2617. Actually it does. Why don't you check these things before making incorrect comments? (especially as I've already addressed it before - see top comments).
    1
  2618. LeBiscuitz lol
    1
  2619. @Leo413623 except that it's not. Temperature is a measure of the average translational kinetic energy of the particles in an object. Heat is the energy transferred from one object to another due to a difference in temperature.
    1
  2620. Thank you!
    1
  2621. I think I did a rough calculation and it's possible, but it would take a lot of dedication. You are losing at least 25g per hour through breathing out water vapour and carbon (in the carbon dioxide), and this is likely enough to make a tree, at least when it is small.
    1
  2622. yes - well spotted, sorry!
    1
  2623. I'm using good noise-cancelling headphones and I don't hear anything strange. Is it too loud in the left ear? Or not there at all?
    1
  2624. Thank you! No, you are!
    1
  2625. IM SORRY! Youtube seems to get stuck on some videos. I wish they’d recommend more of my other videos
    1
  2626. but I imagine the venom would get broken down (denatured) by the acid in your stomach. The venom is just a protein cocktail so heating it up or exposing it to acid should render it ineffective.
    1
  2627. not actually a green-screen. I was amongst the trees in Vancouver's Stanley Park.
    1
  2628. @1LaSmyth do you mean G-force because of the high speed? You don't experience G-force if you're going fast - only if you are accelerating (changing your velocity). Now astronauts are changing their velocity, but at the same rate as their satellite so there is no relative acceleration between the two so there is no contact force.
    1
  2629. Anuel I’ve thought about this. My concern is that I wouldn’t enjoy the low effort videos because they would feel insufficient and then I’d end up either turning them into more involved videos or hating the output. But I’m looking at various options
    1
  2630. Thank you so much!
    1
  2631. I told it like it was for me. Which is probably how it is for a lot of people?
    1
  2632. Thank you!
    1
  2633. yes torque acts 90 degrees from the force. Torque increases angular momentum in the direction of torque. Just as in linear motion force increases momentum in the direction of the force.
    1
  2634. Thank you!
    1
  2635. @kkennett1 ah yes, this is quantum mechanics territory... is an electron a wave or a particle? this will require another video
    1
  2636. About a year ago now. I had a great time even though I only had one day in Copenhagen
    1
  2637. Did you even watch the video?
    1
  2638. Yeah this is gravitational redshift as opposed to Doppler redshift
    1
  2639. @awesomepants18 It sure would, but I'd put this down as extremely unlikely. It might interest you to know that the moon is slowing us down (by stealing our energy). The amount is not much though - a day is getting longer by about 0.002 seconds per century. Another interesting thing is that the Earth sometimes speeds up, like when the big Japanese earthquake hit last year. The speed up is due to the rearrangement of the Earth's crust.
    1
  2640. That's apparently what the news is for!
    1
  2641. Booyah!
    1
  2642. Thank you!
    1
  2643. I appreciate the feedback and take it on board - this is a YouTube Original so it was a very different production process than usual and certainly still some kinks to work out.
    1
  2644. Thank you! We will do for sure, glad to hear you enjoyed this video and format!
    1
  2645. Vishal Trehan yes
    1
  2646. @1gummyipod1 Before you take off, the plane is going at the same speed as Earth's surface (and so is the atmosphere). Now after take off, the plane speeds up to its cruising air speed, usually around 850 km/h relative to the air. But since the air is moving at the same speed as the Earth, it doesn't matter if you're travelling west or east, your velocity _relative to Earth's surface_ is the same in both directions.
    1
  2647. I've done the follow up already! - and I have the climate change stuff on my computer but I haven't edited it yet...
    1
  2648. The energy difference is actually significant. I'll show calculations in the next video but the rotational energy is roughly an additional 50% on top of the gravitational potential energy of each block.
    1
  2649. That's fascinating
    1
  2650. Nope! Both my kids do it too!
    1
  2651. yes!
    1
  2652. Thank you!
    1
  2653. Danke!
    1
  2654. They talked about it - could work but this is the simplest design
    1
  2655. yeah mass ejected in kg/s - wondered if I needed to make this more clear
    1
  2656. Thank you so much! Neither can we, he's always popping up!
    1
  2657. I already have! Though I mainly spoke to students. Check out the vids on earth and the moon, falling objects, forces etc.
    1
  2658. If it's cold enough, it would freeze with the pour. Since my freezer is not that cold, it probably wouldn't have done anything interesting.
    1
  2659. But before the technology, they didn’t build 90 story buildings did they? Even though the bedrock was just as strong, right?
    1
  2660. Danke!
    1
  2661. Thank you!
    1
  2662. falls and burns up in the atmosphere :(
    1
  2663. I just hesitate to say gravity is the reason it spins because gravity does not change the angular momentum. Plus the misconception I was trying to target with this video is that we get gravity because the Earth is spinning or the Earth is pushed along by the force of gravity. These were the things I encountered in interviews, not the idea that gravity clumped moving mass together creating a rotating body.
    1
  2664. yup, you're right - that's why I said the coastline is virtually infinite. Measuring on the scale of water molecules it would be a very large, varying, but finite number.
    1
  2665. Thank you! Really glad to hear you enjoyed!
    1
  2666. @GeorgTsabou I think you answered your own question - the fly flies at its usual speed (but relative to someone outside the fly is going 100km/h). As the car speeds up from zero to 100, the air inside the car is sped up and the fly is carried along with it. This is just like if a 100km/h gust blew the fly along.
    1
  2667. Unfortunately, no. I imagine you'd want to use pure water right? But there are different isotopes of O and H, so what relative abundance of those should there be? There is something called Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water, which should do the trick but it would probably evaporate while you're trying to do the measurement, plus how do you account for the container that needs to hold it. I don't think you could get the same precision with water, simple as that.
    1
  2668. Thank you for your kind words! Glad you enjoyed the video :)
    1
  2669. Thanks! They cost a lot of money (good to have a sponsor)
    1
  2670. Soon, but for now it's science of sport since I'm hanging out at the Olympics with friends I grew up with who are now competing!
    1
  2671. Spider web is a good option!
    1
  2672. @plaustrarius This is a good question, but the bodies are accelerating towards each other. In fact there is a net force on each. But the point is the size of the force is the same on each body, which is what Newton's third law says.
    1
  2673. looks like your English is excellent. If you want to write French subtitle captions, I can put them up with the video.
    1
  2674. They ran it at 3.1X but the limit comes down to how much you can minimize drag and maximize efficiency
    1
  2675. Thank you!
    1
  2676. at least in public. Do you know some particle physicists?
    1
  2677. Thank you!
    1
  2678. Thank you!
    1
  2679. Thank you!
    1
  2680. No Derek's were (seriously) injured during the filming of this video.
    1
  2681. @renesisx686 gravity pulled the dust together to form the Earth but it did not cause the spinning - that was due to the angular momentum the particles already possessed.
    1
  2682. Thank you for the feedback! I appreciate you sharing your thoughts. For what it's worth this is my work; I chose what to focus on and write about. Does it take energy and produce CO2 to make a car? Absolutely. Does it take more energy to produce an electric car? Yes. But in the long-run electric cars clearly produce fewer emissions. Here is a great resource of the topic: https://youtu.be/6RhtiPefVzM
    1
  2683. neither really. Light is a transverse wave and it's made of particles - more on this to come.
    1
  2684. Bedankt!
    1
  2685. Only the second person to ask this, and I think it is a great question. The sunlight is apparently coherent enough over small enough distances to make it work. Now imagine the number of hours I spent trying to figure out how to line up a tiny aperture over the double slit (which had to be removable so I could show people), with the box still perfectly light-tight.
    1
  2686. @Tezk112 yep, though it's pretty tightly packed in there so I don't know if float is the best word.
    1
  2687. thanks!
    1
  2688. Ah, yes I remember it well. That was what I managed using paint, my webcam and some old pics I had lying and only two hours until the deadline (after my camera brokedown that day and refused to play out the footage I recorded).
    1
  2689. @zajko86p I'm not actually sure if that is possible - because you have to slow the jumper down from the speed they gain during the free-fall part of the jump. The force up must be greater than mg and as the rope continues to stretch, the force increases according to F=kx. So I could do a more rigorous proof but I bet you would find that the jumper would stretch it to a point were F is greater than 2mg in virtually all circumstances. I would be interested in a case where this is not true.
    1
  2690. They were filming with film - like the old-school movies
    1
  2691. haha - that was a good question - I guess melting takes time. The burning was interesting...
    1
  2692. There have actually been two - I changed the thumbnail earlier to one with Mr. Beast and it performed marginally worse than the original. This one is performing marginally better.
    1
  2693. I know, right!? Oversight. So, um.... you know when the wheel was unsupported but it was spinning while turning around the rope? Yeah, that's gyroscopic precession.
    1
  2694. I calculated the mass lost as energy overnight and it comes out to about 32 nanograms. So virtually nil - certainly not detectable by the scale I was using.
    1
  2695. @MarvelsofaLifetime First, congrats on mastering science! Second, I believe your anecdote but I consider it the exception rather than the rule. It's like saying 'grandma smoked a pack a day til she was 90 so smoking is not bad for you.' Well it's not that bad but I hope you take my point - there is a difference between 'what worked for me' and what worked on average for hundreds of students.
    1
  2696. Thank you!
    1
  2697. which one?
    1
  2698. Thank you!
    1
  2699. Thank you!
    1
  2700. Thank you!
    1
  2701. Some people might not know what 'Perseverance' is - YouTube analytics tells me subscribers are watching this but non-subscribers aren't clicking on it as much. I think the unclear title and unclear thumbnail were partly responsible. I'm trying to create the most accurate title. If you've got a better one, let me know.
    1
  2702. Thank you!
    1
  2703. Thank you!
    1
  2704. Good point - my understanding is the protons that come out were 'already squeezed' but in squeezing the He-4 together, all the remaining nucleons are 'more squeezed' such that there is enough energy to 're-inflate' the protons that come out.
    1
  2705. Might I suggest a HEPA filter instead. I know they’re less cool and high tech but they are extremely effective and don’t produce any ozone...
    1
  2706. Thank you!
    1
  2707. You want to play this game? actually c= 299 792 458.00000 m/s I add the extra zeros to indicate that this is an exact number. The meter is actually defined in terms of the distance light travels in 1/299792458 of a second.
    1
  2708. @xxx223xxxx It's a version of Jason Mraz's 'I'm Yours' - check out /watch?v=DBjZz0iQrzI
    1
  2709. but have been looking for other things!
    1
  2710. Thank you!
    1
  2711. @GuitarMelodiesSB it is posted - but you need to be watching on a computer to access the links to unlisted answer videos at the end.
    1
  2712. Thank you!
    1
  2713. Thank you!
    1
  2714. Thank you!
    1
  2715. hahaha yes I pointed this out to my producer but I was overruled for the fun of it. *sigh*
    1
  2716. there's an annotation - are you watching on a mobile device?
    1
  2717. Thank you!
    1
  2718. because they are.
    1
  2719. Yes.
    1
  2720. yeah it's a tricky aspect of language - like talking about how much current flows
    1
  2721. Thank you!
    1
  2722. by birth, but raised in Canada
    1
  2723. Thank you!
    1
  2724. Check out my follow up: Can you swim in shade balls? For the answer
    1
  2725. Thank you! Sorry about the food!!
    1
  2726. For the record I have received literally hundreds (approaching 1000) messages about how to measure the one way speed of light. Suffice it to say I don’t have time to debunk each one but none has solved the fundamental problem of clock synchronization independent of the one way speed of light. I won’t say it’s impossible for sure but I haven’t seen anything to make me think we have a good shot.
    1
  2727. horizontally there shouldn't be a limit - although then the diameter of the tube and viscosity of the fluid become very important.
    1
  2728. but if you equate the weight of liquid to the force up on it, the area cancels, and we find that 10.3 m is the limit based on the pressure difference, acceleration due to gravity and the density of water. So how would reducing the diameter help?
    1
  2729. it's called "Supercooled water - explained" but it's from my early days where my presentation technique wasn't that good.
    1
  2730. Thank you!
    1
  2731. yeah it comes in left heavy and FCPX is no help in fixing these things. The 'dual mono' option does not do what it's supposed to.
    1
  2732. @NLlBufu aha - so you see where I'm going next. Can't wait to do plasma!
    1
  2733. wasn't it? I'm a bit annoyed about that actually. I think the trouble was really filling up the drum with steam. Inside I was using an electric heater, which I don't think works as well. Plus the big drum was just tough to get to go at all.
    1
  2734. Right - and I'm not sure if that stat is 100% accurate but the point remains: manufacturing huge vehicles takes mining and produces CO2. Electric cars work out better over the long run due to their lower emissions when in use...
    1
  2735. Thank you!
    1
  2736. thank you!
    1
  2737. but you don't need a high conversion rate. You just need a medium sized carrot, or by some accounts a baby carrot
    1
  2738. Thank you!
    1
  2739. you are seeing everyone I interviewed.
    1
  2740. I think so. The main energy producing reaction in stars the size of the sun is 2p -> deuterium + (e+) + neutrino deuterium + p -> He-3 2(He-3) -> He-4 + 2p Each step also releases energy. It would take energy to fission He-4.
    1
  2741. Thank you!
    1
  2742. they do both pull on each other. There is no pushing. But the Earth has much more mass so it accelerates much less and the moon swings around it.
    1
  2743. @aqr20197 different, I think. A syphon works due to one end being lower than the other - so the gravitational force is doing the work. I believe this was misdefined in the Oxford English Dictionary until a year or two ago - they wrote that it was due to a pressure difference. I might do a vid on this.
    1
  2744. Thank you! We agree!
    1
  2745. @mrimover18forsuremhm there was no aim to confuse. Weight, gravitational force, and gravitational pull are all the same thing (Fg). Gravitational acceleration is different. I used the words they used.
    1
  2746. Thank you!
    1
  2747. @tubester4567 We are able to measure the expansion in the past and compare it with the expansion recently (by looking nearby). What we see is that the rate of expansion has increased in recent times.
    1
  2748. All balloon launches are reported to aviation authorities beforehand so air traffic is aware and conflicts can be avoided.
    1
  2749. Thank you! That's amazing to hear, we have a part 2 to come in the near future so stick around for that!
    1
  2750. Nope! I included everyone, including a chem lecturer from scotland who was the only one (out of about 20) who knew about fusion and how it works.
    1
  2751. ¡Gracias!
    1
  2752. Nope - learn away!
    1
  2753. Thank you!
    1
  2754. Grazie mille!
    1
  2755. Thank you!
    1
  2756. I like the home-grown feel of blinding myself so the images can appear next to me and I have to time everything right etc.
    1
  2757. nope, don't think so. Have you ever tried to stop a rolling car? It's similarly difficult to getting a car rolling. And when you're trying to stop it, friction is helping you. Cars in neutral gear experience very little friction.
    1
  2758. @MrChin000 careful here - the air resistance is actually less on the feather, but the effect it has is greater. We have done the vacuum experiment in a video called 'Galileo the Scientific Parrot'
    1
  2759. Thank you!
    1
  2760. ¡Gracias! Will do!
    1
  2761. That is a conducting gel so the electrodes get a good contact with the scalp
    1
  2762. Thank you!
    1
  2763. Thank you!
    1
  2764. When you design a device you can optimize it to produce one polarity of air ions and the other is neutralized with electric current. In nature I think there’s more of a balance between the two but again which become airborne may be biased
    1
  2765. Thank you so much!
    1
  2766. Thank you!
    1
  2767. Thank you!
    1
  2768. Even if they took it up 10cm...
    1
  2769. it's not a monitor - and did you notice what was written on it?!
    1
  2770. so similar but a laser mic requires a beam to the object and then detection of the reflected beam. Sometimes this is impossible, so the visual mic technique offers a way to use only ambient light to detect audio.
    1
  2771. Thank you!
    1
  2772. serendipitously, yes.
    1
  2773. I did move the two scans side by side. If I left them as they were then we’d be waiting a long time to see the second and I wanted viewers to actually ‘see’ the interlacing. You’re right it does give a misleading impression in the time domain but this hopefully have a better understanding of the spacial domain...
    1
  2774. I started to wonder that actually - also could just be a result of the geometry - eg. try to flip a tennis racket wide end over handle and you find that it starts rotating about its other axis.
    1
  2775. I think I agree with you. I'm going to blame it on dryer shrinkage.
    1
  2776. Thank you!
    1
  2777. Positive voltage would be the lack of electrons. If there are more protons than electrons, an object is positive.
    1
  2778. Thank you!
    1
  2779. Never feel obligated to, thank you so much for you're continued support! You're the best!
    1
  2780. I think the ratio is more about the sponsored content...
    1
  2781. no, she's a friend who works on the Australian science magazine COSMOS
    1
  2782. make time!
    1
  2783. Thank you!
    1
  2784. Dziękujemy!
    1
  2785. that was my team for london stuff but not a science collab group
    1
  2786. Thank you!
    1
  2787. That was actually done using the blue sky as the chroma key.
    1
  2788. Thank you!
    1
  2789. It's possible to make a YT original and also make my own videos...
    1
  2790. I'm glad because I agonized over about 10 thumbnails but I've stayed with the original one to this point (no real-time CTR to really juice things yet...)
    1
  2791. Yep, improvement?
    1
  2792. Thank you so much! Glad you enjoyed the video!
    1
  2793. yes.
    1
  2794. Thank you!
    1
  2795. @IMAFISHYAY Let's stay calm - I know it looks ambiguous or just plain wrong but my only intention was to multiply the star by 100 billion and at that point the graphic had 4 years beside it.
    1
  2796. I'm not leaving the tube. This is just an occasional side gig.
    1
  2797. nope - try it out. We discussed using these methods but if you try it, it's just to hard.
    1
  2798. it does and more - did you see the answer video?
    1
  2799. I have other videos on the double slit experiment including one conducted with single photons...
    1
  2800. Air it out after!
    1
  2801. Thank you!
    1
  2802. There are two main companies that sell thermite all over the world, and yes they can weld tram lines and underground lines, though there are additional ways to weld especially if there’s more access to electricity and facilities.
    1
  2803. yes, it was tough to know when to stop. We had to limit ourselves to vitamins and there were a lot of deleted scenes...
    1
  2804. Some ionizers make little to no ozone. It’s worth checking though
    1
  2805. the wire was actually 0.25mm thick and the block was ~10cm wide. I get a pressure of 800 kPa
    1
  2806. video is a series of pictures. And if you say video, video normally comes with audio so of course you can hear a video. That's been my challenge with titling and thumbnailing this video - how do you express the idea of the video clearly and succinctly. I changed the title now so hopefully this is an improvement.
    1
  2807. the only way it could not burn up entirely would be if it were huge. I don't think anyone would try to bring down a gigantic piece of space junk. Plus if they did, they would ensure it landed in an ocean.
    1
  2808. doubt it.
    1
  2809. Hank Green has done a good one on this, which is why I don't feel an urgent need to do it.
    1
  2810. @EarlySeed Sounds like you have it right. The sensation of feeling "pushed out" is really your body trying to go in a straight line while the car accelerates into the turn underneath you.
    1
  2811. You can easily calculate the circumference of a hexagon, not so a cylinder. That’s the whole point - to approximate something round using shapes with straight calculable sides
    1
  2812. Thank you!
    1
  2813. Thank you for your support!
    1
  2814. @kylie9022 well spotted - and nice to hear from a fellow Canuck!
    1
  2815. From wiki: "The MOSFET is by far the most common transistor in both digital and analog circuits, though the bipolar junction transistor was at one time much more common." I wanted to explain the technology we're using today (and actually this fits into a further video in which a qubit phosphorous atom is coupled to just such a FET.
    1
  2816. @xhable lower because salt water is denser.
    1
  2817. Andromeda Gaming exactly! Look at the upload history and you’ll see when the kids started arriving
    1
  2818. Thank you!
    1
  2819. I feel you - I’m ensuring that all future integrations are less invasive than this one. Sponsors have guidelines so I’ll turn them down if the requirements are too onerous.
    1
  2820. I’m not saying it’s cosmic rays… but it’s probably cosmic rays 🙃
    1
  2821. Thank you! Appreciate the kind words and glad you enjoyed the video!
    1
  2822. I think showers and boiling water, yes
    1
  2823. ¡Gracias!
    1
  2824. I mean this channel has most of the content these days... 2veritasium is usually me walking around and talking about something...
    1
  2825. Thank you!
    1
  2826. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed and took something away from the video.
    1
  2827. Thank you! Good to hear, always a good thing when the technology you like takes off!
    1
  2828. You gotta admit dupeshute has a nice ring to it.
    1
  2829. from memory, no, there weren't. When I learned this in grade 11, I thought it was awesome. That's why I really enjoyed sharing this with other people.
    1
  2830. Thank you!
    1
  2831. Thank you!
    1
  2832. That video now has 10M views in 17 days. I can guarantee you if I added Collatz Conjecture at the beginning it would have many fewer. I think if anyone who knows about the Collatz Conjecture looked at the current title/thumbnail they would know exactly what it was about.
    1
  2833. haha, no - I got this!
    1
  2834. Thank you!
    1
  2835. Thank you!
    1
  2836. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed!
    1
  2837. Thank you!
    1
  2838. Physicists generally do problems in inertial (meaning non-accelerating) frames of reference. If you're sitting still watching an object go in a circle, the object is clearly accelerating because it is changing direction. This requires a net force which can be called a centripetal force (which just means force towards the centre). I don't like this term because it obscures the real force involved. e.g. for a ball on a string the cent. force is tension, for Earth, the c.f. is gravity
    1
  2839. the event horizon is the place where the escape velocity is the speed of light so if spin is high enough, light can escape
    1
  2840. Probably solidifying of its core as the planet cools so no more convection currents
    1
  2841. nope, I just like the t-shirt (which they gave me for free. Win!)
    1
  2842. thanks!
    1
  2843. Wow, a lot of hating on this vid, haha. The point was to talk about three incorrect laws and then have a separate video describing each of the correct laws which would be linked from this one. Now I got distracted and never made the other vids. So that's my bad. But douchey? I know some teachers have used it with their students asking them to explain why these laws are incorrect etc.
    1
  2844. Thank you!
    1
  2845. Thank you!
    1
  2846. awwww
    1
  2847. Thank you!
    1
  2848. Glad it was helpful!
    1
  2849. that was Vaseline - and lots of it. Helps make a good seal with the mask when you have facial hair.
    1
  2850. Basically- again the fact it has so much inertia means you will physically move to it and it basically won’t budge
    1
  2851. We know that their eyes can detect individual photons (google: frogs eyes see photons - and check out the top link) They may one day be used to create bio-hybrid ultra-sensitive light detectors. Now whether the frogs brain really interprets these pulses as flashes of light, I'm not sure but it seems logical.
    1
  2852. Yup! But also things like milk have vit D added to them, especially in countries towards the poles to avoid widespread deficiency
    1
  2853. Reddit is helpful - and it’s how my channel got early traction. But lately Youtube does a lot of the pushing internally as most video views come from home or suggested
    1
  2854. The problem with likes is it’s pretty easy to game.
    1
  2855. Thank you so much! Really pleased to hear that this video helped!
    1
  2856. Do you mean the background music?
    1
  2857. @simoncapon haha, yeah it was a good car - I'll miss it. The top is broken on my new one. I need to get it fixed.
    1
  2858. Dear Mason, I grew up in Canada so I should have a Canadian accent of sorts but I've been back in Aus for nearly 9 years.
    1
  2859. @hmehlenbacher everything he says is true in a real environment - this is not just theory. With or without air resistance the black ball accelerates at the same rate. Air resistance has a negligible effect at these speeds.
    1
  2860. Thank you!
    1
  2861. Inertia is not a force, but a force applied at the Earth's surface would create a torque that would reduce Earth's angular momentum. You would need to apply a big enough force for long enough to reduce the angular momentum to zero.
    1
  2862. @ChronusXIII We are both moving at the speed of sound? I won't be able to hear you because I'm moving through the air as fast as the sound is propagating. But you could hear me, and it would take half as long as before for the sound to travel from me to you.
    1
  2863. I’m an old man! Reminded of this line from Desiderata: Take kindly the counsel of the years, gracefully surrendering the things of youth.
    1
  2864. @youmadbro96 I teach sometimes, yes.
    1
  2865. I’ve been on Youtube 8 years and I now have two kids. Not the spring chicken I once was
    1
  2866. It’s a metallic sharpie. I think part of the problem was some of the balls got dirty before I signed them.
    1
  2867. But you can imagine that you could surround the snowflake in say a circle and it would never outgrow the edges, hence the area is finite. But if the circumference has infinitely tiny wiggles it will have an infinite perimeter.
    1
  2868. @renesisx686 a previous asymmetric explosion or series of explosions
    1
  2869. That's incredible to hear! Thank you!
    1
  2870. Thank you!
    1
  2871. Merci!
    1
  2872. Teşekkürler!
    1
  2873. Thank you!
    1
  2874. Thank you!
    1
  2875. @seredean if we had a mechanical pump, we would have done this. The height should be the same regardless of the thickness of the straw. It depends only on the pressure difference. Having said that, for us it was easier to get the liquid up the thinner straw because I think adhesive forces between the water and tube helped if you needed to take a little break.
    1
  2876. thank you!
    1
  2877. You can sustain it indefinitely- I know it’s tough to get your head around but this is not transitory.
    1
  2878. Thank you!
    1
  2879. @jsnpark I was there for a conference on nanotechnology.
    1
  2880. Thank you!
    1
  2881. @TechXMarine The sun should become a Red GIant and then a White Dwarf. Red Dwarves are stars that barely achieved star status - they were very low mass from the beginning and so could barely perform fusion in their cores. White dwarves are the cores of former main sequence stars that glow white hot due to their temp.
    1
  2882. Thank you!
    1
  2883. Thank you!
    1
  2884. I have a video called Jetpack Rocket Science, check it out!
    1
  2885. Thank you!
    1
  2886. Vsauce is in his own league. He's the exception that proves the rule.
    1
  2887. I had some accidents as a kid and both my front teeth were root-canaled and turned grey. I had them capped 12 years ago or so.
    1
  2888. Thank you!
    1
  2889. Hahaha... it’s funny ‘cause it’s true
    1
  2890. Wow, thank you so much for your support!
    1
  2891. There will be push back! Right now it’s the core Veritasium audience, which is clearly very savvy in the ways of aerodynamics. Let’s wait a day or two…
    1
  2892. Thank you!
    1
  2893. Thank you! Can't wait to finish it for you guys!
    1
  2894. the gate is less positive than the drain
    1
  2895. It hurt me to print them. But I printed them so others don’t have to
    1
  2896. except that it's not. please see my response to your other comment.
    1
  2897. but you don't have to ignore it if it's negligible in the first place
    1
  2898. @mreueujj1 I expect the wind will blow for as long as the Earth has an atmosphere. This is because of the energy input from the sun (and differential heating of earth's surface).
    1
  2899. uncomfortable - I was in a harness for long stretches...
    1
  2900. it's already aired there so it's on SBS on demand... Mason Miller
    1
  2901. LearnAlliCan Nike doesn’t sponsor you to feature Adidas.
    1
  2902. Ellie F thank you! Y’know people really got into the dandruff video. You’re right it was something I never would have talked about without the sponsor, but I discovered there is interesting science there. And they employ about 200 scientists and do crazy experiments. I’m surprised at how negative the response was to this one but I can definitely improve from this feedback moving forward.
    1
  2903. hacked2123 it was on a circuit! Can’t wait til the day I get to ride in one for real
    1
  2904. The Flying Farmer I’m not convinced. What about leaks and explosions? Electricity seems easier to me but I’ll take a friendly bet with you and happy to be proven wrong.
    1
  2905. muvovum I hear you! Sorry for my single-family-house perspective. It’s incredibly shortsighted considering most of my life I’ve lived in condos and share houses without garages...
    1
  2906. loopuleasa no, no, no. The sponsor message should be there the sooner the better (in this case first 6 seconds) so you can make the call: do I want to watch this or not? And I know BMW paid him so what are the potential conflicts of interest. If I tell you at the end, it’s against FTC regulations for one thing but also I’ve duped you into watching something you might not have wanted to watch if you had known it was sponsored.
    1
  2907. uğur göktolga for me, charging time is never an issue because I charge while I sleep and wake up every day with a full tank. On the occasional road trip, we stop to charge, which I’ll grant you is less convenient than filling up with gas or hydrogen. But we have two toddlers so we have to stop anyway, change diapers, eat etc... anyway I don’t road trip more than a few times a year so I don’t mind the slight inconvenience.
    1
  2908. juslitor tell that to the people of Norway.
    1
  2909. Clark Mills thanks Clark! Yeah I’m a bit surprised by the reaction
    1
  2910. Doug Davis this is a good question and would likely require more infrastructure...
    1
  2911. Frsl Getting electricity off coal is something you have to fix regardless. In Norway it’s 98% hydro. In most places, including Germany it’s a mix. Even with fossil fuel fired power plants, it’s more efficient to generate electricity at a central location and transmit it to electric cars than for each car to perform its own combustion...
    1
  2912. wannes jacobus of course there’s enough copper. What are you talking about?!
    1
  2913. Roger Heuckeroth appreciate it. There’s one more coming but after that it should be clear sailing.
    1
  2914. Anoyzify thanks and I agree. I’ll take this on board moving forward.
    1
  2915. L3ON haha I don’t know. The point is Nike doesn’t sponsor you to advertise Adidas. I think that’s fair and it makes sense.
    1
  2916. Nick M be a Jedi. I’ve got two toddlers and we always aim to align pee-breaks/ diaper changes/food stops with charging. Are you doing road trips all the time? I only do a few a year so any inconvenience is minor.
    1
  2917. as described, the wheels power the prop through a chain so that it spins like a fan (the opposite direction to how the wind is trying to turn it)
    1
  2918. Thank you!
    1
  2919. Absolutely yes
    1
  2920. probably but you might need to drop it from much higher up
    1
  2921. hahaha, yes it would appear so.
    1
  2922. Thank you for your support!
    1
  2923. Thank you!
    1
  2924. Thank you!
    1
  2925. Thank you!
    1
  2926. @michalchik true, but velocity and acceleration are not as similar as different shades of green. And second I'm pretty sure all of these people could give me reasonably good definitions of constant velocity and acceleration. Course it never hurts to ask.
    1
  2927. Thank you! Glad to hear!
    1
  2928. a tea bag (minus the tea)
    1
  2929. Cubes and pyramids have edges which are hard to get tapered down to single atoms, plus those edges are prone to wear and scratches
    1
  2930. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed!
    1
  2931. Thank you!
    1
  2932. @JkSis27 Thank you! You know they look incredibly childish, but it takes me ages just to make them legible.
    1
  2933. nope. It's harder to lift a heavy suitcase than a feather because the force of gravity (also known as weight) is greater for more massive objects. The amount of force per unit mass is the same - 9.8 N of force for every 1 kg
    1
  2934. haha - thank you!
    1
  2935. haha, I did try to get YouTube's approval for this since it's a classic thought experiment.
    1
  2936. Thank you!
    1
  2937. I feel you but it’s kind of like if ten years after the first gas cars you asked ‘where are all the gas stations?’ Considering how early we are in this tech, it’s amazing the infrastructure is already at this point. And 300 mile range is not bad in my opinion...
    1
  2938. You’re welcome!
    1
  2939. Thank you! That's amazing to hear, glad you enjoyed!
    1
  2940. It happens when electromagnetic radiation goes from a medium of higher refractive index into a medium of lower refractive index. Depending on the angle, the light can reflect internally
    1
  2941. Thank you!
    1
  2942. it was hidden, undetected. We knew where to look but we also knew we probably wouldn't see it if we looked there...
    1
  2943. Thank you!
    1
  2944. thank you!
    1
  2945. Thank you!
    1
  2946. A) yes B) yes - because it’s shielded. You could in fact use a single coax cable as a transmission line (but the two wires would be much closer than 1m apart)
    1
  2947. Thank you!
    1
  2948. WVSS
    1
  2949. An excellent point. I was talking to Prof. Morello in the video on 2Ve where he mentioned quantum effects were already an obstacle, but would probably be surmountable for another decade.
    1
  2950. Lol, it’s from a previous video debunking salt lamps, called “Are negative ions good for you?” https://youtu.be/ZQ--scjcAZ4
    1
  2951. Great to hear, thank you!
    1
  2952. Thank you!
    1
  2953. @colossus999 should have been clear about sunlight meaning visible light
    1
  2954. I’m happy to have you here! But also you’ll note that a factor of ten fewer people will see this video
    1
  2955. Thank you!!
    1
  2956. @hemp987 yeah so that promise to do the correct laws is looking a little shaky - let me see what I can do...
    1
  2957. Thank you!
    1
  2958. Thank you!
    1
  2959. ¡Gracias!
    1
  2960. Yeah my PhD is from Sydney...
    1
  2961. Thank you!
    1
  2962. Thank you! Glad to hear the video has had an impact on the way you think.
    1
  2963. @Kassidar It may defy belief but if you want to see for yourself, just try it some time.
    1
  2964. Thank you!
    1
  2965. Thank you!
    1
  2966. Nope, can't go upwind unless you take the props off and reconfigure. They've done it but it's a bit of a hassle (hence the need of the trailer to drive it back to the start each time).
    1
  2967. @Rulerofwax24 It's true, and you don't get much lighter during the day, besides when you go to the bathroom or do some serious exercise (and so sweat out mostly water weight).
    1
  2968. yes, if I were dropping balloons then it wouldn't work. You have to make sure your assumptions are valid - for these objects dropped from the height they were, air resistance is nothing.
    1
  2969. @SlykeThePhoxenix those formulas seem unrelated to the point you are trying to make. And if the acceleration is the same for both balls, why would the heavier one reach the earth slightly before the other one?
    1
  2970. consider this: You are in a closed room with no windows. What experiment could you do to determine if you are at rest on Earth's surface or in deep space, around no large masses but accelerating at 9.8 m/s^2 upwards? The experiences would be exactly the same - so it makes you reconsider what an inertial frame of reference is...
    1
  2971. Thank you!
    1
  2972. @ArtemRomanov FCP has pretty good tools for removing shakes and rolling shutter but I didn't like the look of the final product.
    1
  2973. why is that a problem? viewers can choose if they want to click the annotation.
    1
  2974. I think they put a little in there for flare - good eye!
    1
  2975. Ha! I hope you do. See if the other vids deserve it.
    1
  2976. Until one works! Haha. But I'm probably done now... or maybe just one more swap.
    1
  2977. Merci!
    1
  2978. Thank you!
    1
  2979. No, you're awesome!
    1
  2980. Thank you! So long!
    1
  2981. It is amazing and heart-warming to read all these. A nice change from just looking at numbers and statistics in the back end.
    1
  2982. Thank you!
    1
  2983. Thank you!
    1
  2984. He did do some of the animations...
    1
  2985. actually he's right, when multiplying vectors using something called the cross-product, the order matters. This determines the direction of the resultant vector. I have used an annotation to write over my equation in the video - the direction I have given with the right hand rule is correct.
    1
  2986. Um, it now has 9.9M views in a few weeks with the other title.
    1
  2987. Yeah, I was going to address this. With the laser you have to send in a beam and get a reflected beam. With this technique you’re just using ambient light so that has some advantages and can work in cases where the laser won’t...
    1
  2988. <3
    1
  2989. I don’t know what this is referring to. YouTube decides when to serve ads.
    1
  2990. Yes trees emit CO2, but they absorb far more CO2 than they emit and they release far more oxygen. Some people can't see the forest for the trees ;-)
    1
  2991. yes there is negative pressure at the top. The nanoscale pores have a very strong meniscus because they are so small. But the water is in a metastable liquid state because there is nothing to nucleate the phase change.
    1
  2992. yup
    1
  2993. Thank you!
    1
  2994. Well said!
    1
  2995. probably but I think it would be less dramatic because the rubber band would snap back more quickly
    1
  2996. That’s a good question, I guess if there is a lot of demand...
    1
  2997. @Sfisher24601 On its side there should be no theoretical limit - although it will get very difficult due to friction.
    1
  2998. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed the video!
    1
  2999. only about a zillion ;-)
    1
  3000. @dzloll I would disagree - when the bungy rope is stretched to its maximum, that is when the force upwards on the jumper is greatest and hence when his acceleration is greatest. He doesn't reach as high as the platform because not all of the initial gravitational potential energy gets stored in the bungy.
    1
  3001. Thank you!
    1
  3002. @danielcarmi305 I'm thinking it would break the box. There is something like this called the barn door paradox - check it out!
    1
  3003. I’m probably on a list somewhere
    1
  3004. @shumazo gravitational pull is not the same on both (F=mg). They have the same acceleration. I expected misconceptions in the video but not in the comments. Are you trolling me?
    1
  3005. perhaps, but it depends on the spring constant of the slinky and its inertia (yes I know that's my answer to everything).
    1
  3006. I drove a long way to the outskirts of Sydney and got ice from an ice sculptor - they freeze their own ice in freezers that keep the water moving on top. This means that instead of freezing the top and edges inwards, trapping the air, it freezes from the bottom up and remains clear.
    1
  3007. aha - zero g but not in the vacuum part.
    1
  3008. @bjzaba this is a good question - the principle of relativity arises out of what seems most reasonable. The Earth's surface is certainly not at rest since it rotates and orbits the sun so why should we consider ourselves 'at rest'? It seems reasonable that any other frame of reference moving with constant velocity should experience the universe in much the same way.
    1
  3009. Did you see how I put the American units in brackets for you? Except 1 km, which is about 0.62 miles, or 3281 feet, much deeper than I would have guessed sharks go.
    1
  3010. @topikito experiments like this have been done but my trouble was the strength of the wire. I have a part 2 of this experiment, where I tried to use 2.5kg on each side (rather than 1.5kg) but the wire kept snapping.
    1
  3011. Thank you!
    1
  3012. Great question - the pinholes you are talking about do not, in general, approach this limit. The smaller you make them, the sharper the image gets because you are cutting down the different angles at which light can pass through the opening from a given object. This makes the image dimmer, but also 'focuses' it.
    1
  3013. correct, in the official record runs they measured windspeed all the way up above the propeller. The car still went 2.8x windspeed. It was faster than the wind at every height. Shear is not the explanation for what you saw here...
    1
  3014. Thank you!
    1
  3015. I think the point Andrew was making was that the WallStreetsBets traders didn’t think that GameStop was a hot new stock with long-term growth prospects (they weren’t buying for a long-term hold). They were buying to short squeeze the hedge funds and good on them.
    1
  3016. so, they actually can't be used interchangeably "the cart was pushed with momentum, which gave it force." Nope - that makes no sense. And torque is not acceleration but it causes (angular) acceleration just as a net force causes linear acceleration.
    1
  3017. Thank you!
    1
  3018. This is one of the default thumbnails YT generated. And honestly it seems to be performing best
    1
  3019. except what's reacting against what? I always find action/reaction designations confusing because it's unclear which is doing the acting and which the reacting.
    1
  3020. he was prepping for vidcon which happened right after this.
    1
  3021. The air resistance does virtually nothing. I'm always surprised that this is actually a point of discussion. Sure, if I used different objects that were much lighter and had significant air resistance then it would be worth considering. But a basketball dropped from 2m does not experience significant air resistance.
    1
  3022. Yay for CGPGrey Elephants!!
    1
  3023. Thank you!
    1
  3024. Thank you! Glad to hear it!
    1
  3025. Thank you!
    1
  3026. Thank you!
    1
  3027. @icanfinallybreathe Canadian in Australia but close enough ;-P
    1
  3028. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed!
    1
  3029. That posed a real dilemma for me...
    1
  3030. blue t-shirt wrapped around the legs actually. Funny story: electrons are leptons, leptons make me think of leprechauns, leprechauns are green, hence electrons are green. So yeah, I used a blue screen.
    1
  3031. glad to hear it! Transistors are a little complicated and I think they're one of the most poorly explained (yet vitally important) inventions of all time. That is why I made this.
    1
  3032. Thank you!
    1
  3033. I plan to do quarks at some point. I have done atoms, isotopes and elements before...
    1
  3034. Karan Bulani I thought about that! Or Video my life. But I wasn’t sure anyone would get it
    1
  3035. @modrnlol I think the ball might actually be worse off - the momentum of the falling slinky is more than the momentum the top of the ball would have had so I think it's actually pushed in with more force.
    1
  3036. The answer to the question as posted is 6.7m/s^2 but the trouble is the rope wouldn't only stretch 22m - at that point the jumper would still be moving down because the force applied by the rope would not have been enough to bring them to rest - hence they would continue down until the extension is 31m (or in fact more because I didn't take into account the additional energy of the further falling) where the acceleration up would be more than 13.5m/s^2
    1
  3037. Thank you!
    1
  3038. nope, torque is to angular momentum what force is to momentum. If you apply force over time, you increase momentum. If you apply torque over time, you increase angular momentum.
    1
  3039. Footage was from 7 years ago unfortunately but I enjoyed my time there!
    1
  3040. it's ok so long as there are no open wounds.
    1
  3041. that's a good one!
    1
  3042. @bigglessy It's water under high pressure
    1
  3043. It would make you motion sick. Seriously.
    1
  3044. All or just the first one?
    1
  3045. Thank you! Glad you found it helpful!
    1
  3046. Thank you!
    1
  3047. what country are you in? I used copyright music so this vid is not viewable everywhere. I have uploaded to vimeo so check it out on my channel there.
    1
  3048. ¡Gracias!
    1
  3049. Thank you!
    1
  3050. Yes, and we get there. But to move through the introduction quickly I don't belabour the point of what constitutes a measurement. That comes later.
    1
  3051. Thank you!
    1
  3052. Thank you!
    1
  3053. Thank you!
    1
  3054. Note that it was Venus...
    1
  3055. Thank you so much, this is so kind! Sorry for taking so long to respond. Thank you for the invitation to your lab, that sounds like a cool idea and would love to hear more about it. Email us at contact@veritasium.com to discuss. Thank you again!
    1
  3056. I believe you’re thinking of reflexes. Most trained muscle responses are still controlled by the brain
    1
  3057. these tiny circuits have to guide electromagnetic fields to make sure the signal goes where you want it and not elsewhere. Take co-axial cable for example - the outer cylindrical conductor traps the em fields in the dielectric material between it and and the central conductor so the fields don't escape into the surroundings.
    1
  3058. seems like it - it puts you in grow and reproduce mode rather than repair and protect (at least that's the idea)
    1
  3059. Thank you!
    1
  3060. Nope, this is the vacuum anywhere, any time.
    1
  3061. @BeBattey I wasn't actually using a laser as the single photon source. I used a traditional filament that does release individual photons
    1
  3062. more or less, yes.
    1
  3063. Thank you!
    1
  3064. Thank you!
    1
  3065. @SuperRustyTrumbone In intro physics problems, there are normally only two directions - forwards and backwards. Forwards is normally denoted as positive and backwards as negative. The trouble is this makes people think the negative sign means slowing down, whereas it really indicates direction. So if you were moving in the negative direction, with negative acceleration, you would be speeding up!
    1
  3066. Thank you! Great idea, we will note that down for sure!
    1
  3067. Thank you! Glad to hear you enjoyed the video and found it educational!
    1
  3068. I watched the video, it was good. But yeah that’s another part of the story. You have to stop somewhere
    1
  3069. @dolunaydainsanolan some of this was GoPro, the better stuff was Panasonic AF100 with a nice Voightlander lens
    1
  3070. Thank you!
    1
  3071. Bedankt!
    1
  3072. Thank you!
    1
  3073. Thank you! Glad to hear you enjoyed it, educational content will hopefully always be free!
    1
  3074. Thank you!
    1
  3075. Thank you!
    1
  3076. Díky!
    1
  3077. it kind of is, all the time, continually - at least in its core where the fusion is occuring. It's a gigantic prolonged nuclear explosion. Imagine what it would look like as a 10 billion year time lapse.
    1
  3078. Merci!
    1
  3079. Hello! 👋
    1
  3080. @FanskapeeT Appreciate your support! PS answer is coming soon.
    1
  3081. ok, ok - working on the vid now.
    1
  3082. Is it really reciprocal? Maybe they are just using oxygen to harvest the carbon from us!
    1
  3083. Thank you! I'm working on it but things are busy. Only so many hours in the day...
    1
  3084. the current induced in the aluminium turns it into an electromagnet, and one which repels the magnetic field from below (though at some times they attract a little too). Perhaps I should go into more detail on 2veritasium...
    1
  3085. There will be losses! That’s what makes this amazing to me - that it still works!
    1
  3086. there is no force responsible. If anything is responsible it is the nature of space-time itself and the wave properties of particles in it.
    1
  3087. how much would you estimate they weigh? And as other people have pointed out, what about farts? And hairs falling out. I bet all of these would contribute around a gram.
    1
  3088. To me it smelled a little citrusy
    1
  3089. Danke!
    1
  3090. nope, this is a good question. But spinning technique also seems important - the best spin is where you let go with the disk spinning vertically.
    1
  3091. they use the same free library I do...
    1
  3092. When you train the network, you know what the output should be for a given input. So you adjust the weights to make the network more likely to fire the output neuron you want and less likely to fire the other neurons.
    1
  3093. We talked about it - the claim is that 3D printing involves using less material (only what you need) instead of using traditional machinery to cut off pieces (which then have to be melted down)
    1
  3094. @Bubzie96 Check out my vid 'I'm atoms' A cover of the Jason Mraz song 'I'm Yours'
    1
  3095. @EmpereurNapoleonex Yes it should work with a cold object - I put the wire and weights in the freezer before I started, plus I think the write would have been around or below zero because it was in contact with the ice.
    1
  3096. @WilzoHD Woohoo!
    1
  3097.  @EnergeticTK  yes.
    1
  3098. yeah I thought some of the shots looked green screen too, perhaps something to do with the shallow depth of field and different lighting on me than on the background.
    1
  3099. I mean I posted yesterday... but to be fair it was more of a vlog
    1
  3100. Thank you!
    1
  3101. Thank you! That's amazing to hear!
    1
  3102. Thank you!
    1
  3103. Thank you!
    1
  3104. One box only contains one slip so you can’t have loops interlinking
    1
  3105. @LRFLEW Let me say I think your video response was one of the best - I just wanted a different camera angle.
    1
  3106. Thank you!
    1
  3107. Thank you! Glad to hear you enjoyed!
    1
  3108. helicopters don't apply these sort of torques to the blades unless they want to pitch forward/back or roll to one side or other.
    1
  3109. I was looking for samples but couldn’t find anything good unfortunately.
    1
  3110. You see what they’re doing with the Terran R tank base. It wouldn’t be simple to do this with sheet metal. The structural supports they are building in will also be organic rather that traditional because 3D printing makes it possible.
    1
  3111. Thank you!
    1
  3112. Thank you!
    1
  3113. Obrigado!
    1
  3114. ah, what I wouldn't have given for this animation... I thought about it, really did, then just abandoned the idea as too hard.
    1
  3115. Thank you!
    1
  3116. Bitte!
    1
  3117. You know that very helicopter is being mounted onto the river for launch next year. Maybe one day refers to future bigger drone missions
    1
  3118. Yup 🙄
    1
  3119. Thank you!
    1
  3120. Thank you!
    1
  3121. sure, the 5 kg ball would eventually beat the basketball if you dropped them over a much greater distance such that air resistance became a significant factor, but that's not the experiment we were doing here.
    1
  3122. One of the problems is the mass may have drifted by more than 50µg - the only thing we can say is that is the spread in values of the replicas and big K but they may all have drifted together. For most applications the drift is irrelevant but for precise scientific measurements a unit that changes value by tens of parts per billion is a big deal.
    1
  3123. When the sun swells it will be a red giant (not a dwarf). This is because Helium fusion will commence in the core, forming larger nuclei like Carbon, Nitrogen, and Oxygen. This releases energy at an even greater rate, which increases the radiation pressure on the outer parts of the star, pushing it outwards. The sun will actually be less dense than our atmosphere when it becomes a red giant. But it will be lighter than it is now.
    1
  3124. Yes, they actually converted blackbird into an upwind vehicle. Now you hear it like a turbine and let the prop turn the wheels…
    1
  3125. Contemplated using the music!
    1
  3126.  @RitikMaurya07  our latest video - hope you like it https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_cr46G2K5Fo
    1
  3127. Yeah, that is 100% the goal. The content has to be great but without a viral hit here or there you don't reach new audience members (as I reached you with the black hole video) and without new audience the trend seems to be to wither and die...
    1
  3128. inertia is a tricky idea. But think about this: you're in outer space, floating around in a space suit. You try to kick a soccer ball and it's easy - the ball flies off in the direction you kicked it. Then you try to kick a big metal anvil. This hurts your foot. And the reason is not because the anvil is 'heavy' but because it has a lot of mass (inertia) so it takes a lot of force to accelerate it.
    1
  3129. what temp is that for? Pressure melting only seems significant for temps between 0 and -3C
    1
  3130. No, colloquialisms don't bother me as long as the meaning is clear. BTW in Australia everything is shortened, e.g. renovations => reno; registration => rego; afternoon => arvo etc.
    1
  3131. Thank you!
    1
  3132. So I brought my macro but Dr. Davis suggested it would look better to shoot from far away so I used my 400mm
    1
  3133. I wonder if Youtube re-shows it to you. I think it's changed twice (so three different titles total and two different thumbnails)
    1
  3134. yes, yes it was. It required rubbing alcohol and the top few layers of skin.
    1
  3135. @michalchik if you are using the word velocity to mean acceleration, that is a conceptual problem.
    1
  3136. it comes from your food - you keep eating it and then breathing out the carbon. So assuming you're not gaining weight, total matter in = total matter out
    1
  3137. I think it would take a long, long, long, long time for it to move a significant distance. In a couple billion years it might be twice as far away as it is now, but we'd probably still be able to see it. Next vid should be posted next week, but it will be tough because I'm on the road again.
    1
  3138. while I was filming I made the silly mistake of 'crossing the dramatic axis' - filming from the wrong side in order to get a nicer background. So I flipped the image in post thinking no one would notice. But a surprising number of people, including yourself, did.
    1
  3139. you would be freely floating. You'd be attracted to the ship, but its mass is so small that the effect would be negligible, plus assuming the ship has a symmetrical mass distribution around you, all these forces would cancel out. Also, you don't need to have zero velocity for this to work, you could be moving incredibly fast (as long as you're not accelerating) and it would feel the same. This brings into question what the difference is between moving and being still (there isn't any).
    1
  3140. I'll try to get some more images and put them in the next video...
    1
  3141. this phenomenon is called geometric optics. In short it's that light travels in straight lines. So if there is a tiny aperture, then light from the left side of it will pass through the hole and end up on the right, while light from the right side of the source will pass through and end up on the left. Same for the top and the bottom. So you will end up with a flipped, inverted image of the light source. This is how a pinhole camera works.
    1
  3142. Thank you for your support!
    1
  3143. Thank you!
    1
  3144. Yup!
    1
  3145. Thanks Nick. Yeah the general relativity thing has been bothering me for a while now. When I get a chance I'll tackle it, but probably not with people on the street. I don't expect anyone to know GR and I don't think there are any real-world consequences of not understanding it (unlike Newtonian gravity), then again the analogy with the atom video is apt so I should try harder to get a deeper explanation of gravity.
    1
  3146. Thank you!
    1
  3147. nope, as shown in the derivation at the end, area cancels out and it is only the pressure difference between the bottom and top which determines the height. Practically, it is easier to suck through the thinner tube because if you let the pressure drop a little, the water doesn't fall back as far.
    1
  3148. yup! generally it's measured between hanging masses
    1
  3149. Thank you!
    1
  3150. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed the video!
    1
  3151. @toogle1234 agreed, it would be valuable to do some studies like these using the Khan Videos (they were not available to me while I was doing my PhD, nor was it my intention to test KA videos, only to understand how to make better educational science videos).
    1
  3152. I was busy: travelling, doing live shows, EDU meetups etc.
    1
  3153. @notfree25 A = change in (V)/T so think you have it at the end - right before the jumper has v=0, he's going down, but right after he's going up so just as v=0, the change is from down to up -- still an acceleration.
    1
  3154. Note that I point out you show no particular symptoms, you just aren’t feeling 100% so the prior should be that diseases prevalence in the population
    1
  3155. two more days...
    1
  3156. Mobile peeps, there are links in the description because I care about you!
    1
  3157. Thank you!
    1
  3158. @CommanderdMtllca I think it depends on the ways in which the particles can move: rotate, vibrate, and translate
    1
  3159. @madblade very sharp edges are tough to create plus they chip and wear easily, plus a sphere has minimum surface area which reduces errors eg due to oxide layer
    1
  3160. that's pretty fringe. But I did meet a guy who was on a randomized control trial for high dose IV vitamin c to fight his cancer (along with chemo)...
    1
  3161. I don't believe it depends on the properties of the cord. Regardless of its spring constant the energy argument I made above holds.
    1
  3162. far from elastic? It's fairly elastic - you could work it out from the height of the bounces. It seems roughly as elastic as a bouncy ball.
    1
  3163. maybe he likes bright-colored pee
    1
  3164. Thank you!
    1
  3165. Bedankt!
    1
  3166. Thank you!
    1
  3167. Thank you!
    1
  3168. Thank you! Glad to hear you enjoyed!
    1
  3169. Thank you! Really glad to hear you enjoyed!
    1
  3170. Do you know how many experts I have interviewed about this? Four, including Sean Carroll and Nobel Prize winner Brian Schmidt. I am bringing it. But it's gonna take some time.
    1
  3171. nope - it's not a refraction effect - it's reflection and absorption. I'm sure some passes through but not much.
    1
  3172. No, it's not wrong - that was not the claim. The statement is the pull that attracts 1kg to the Earth is the same as the pull that attracts Earth to the 1kg (and the same could be said about a kg on Jupiter).
    1
  3173. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed this video!
    1
  3174. Thank you!
    1
  3175. Thank you! Glad to hear you enjoyed!
    1
  3176. @SimaanFreeloader Thanks for your comment. I think it expresses an important misconception about my work. I discuss misconceptions NOT because I think science is obvious or that people are unintelligent. I discuss misconceptions because research shows it is essential for learning. Yes I held many misconceptions myself and those are the ones I most enjoy helping others overcome. When you misinterpret someone's intentions and engage in name calling, I'm sorry to say, it makes you seem like a cock.
    1
  3177. Thank you!
    1
  3178. @jordanpasek They are everywhere.
    1
  3179. that's just my face.
    1
  3180. ¡Gracias!
    1
  3181. Yes, and not just because of radiation
    1
  3182. Thank you!
    1
  3183. @Rulerofwax24 It's only over 90% CO2 (the oxygen is important too) if we count the dry weight of the tree - so you're right, a living tree contains a lot of water.
    1
  3184. Thank you!
    1
  3185. Thank you! Glad to hear this video helped!
    1
  3186. @NighteeeeeY already have a video on the uncertainty principle - check it out! But I will revisit it
    1
  3187. John Connor happy bday! And thanks for watching!!
    1
  3188. I agree the capillary effect would help, but I don't think it would help much. I also don't think it explains why trees can grow taller than 10m, and I discussed this with a tree physiologist - the video is coming. The tubes in a tree are still too wide (10's of microns) for the capillary effect to play a significant role. Stay tuned!
    1
  3189. The study participants were not paid. In fact they were all first-year physics students at one of the top universities in Australia. Plus they accessed the study online. You are clearly making up the details to satisfy your own biases. If you are interested, read my PhD - it is linked in the description.
    1
  3190. Lol, he just loves helping! You can hear my almost one year old daughter during the sponsor segment too. The whole family was watching…
    1
  3191. Thank you!
    1
  3192. fixed! thanks!
    1
  3193. the sideways velocity is the orbital velocity, and the amount you would have at the top of a tall ladder (100 miles, 200 miles etc) is nowhere near the speed you would need to orbit Earth. Above the equator, 300 km up, your speed would be 485 m/s but you would require something more like 7700 m/s to orbit
    1
  3194. haha, yeah I was debating my usage of this. I said 'evolutionary history' at one point, which I hope qualifies it as unwritten.
    1
  3195. Glad you liked it!
    1
  3196. Everyone has a good sense of what weight and force mean - they are very tangible things. One ball is clearly heavier than the other, and requires more force to hold it. Acceleration, on the other hand, is much more difficult to understand, and that's part of the point. If they think objects fall at a constant speed, that is a fundamental misunderstanding, not an issue of wording.
    1
  3197. Not much in fact - just a light-tight box and a very thin double slit that you could make with matte black foil. I used a store-bought one in this video because I wanted the pattern to be impressive but I have done it before with a home-made double slit on black paper.
    1
  3198. @ThanassisBoulis I appreciate what you're saying about how it could be wrong, - but before I posted this I looked at some people's graphs who actually did measure it. The acceleration at the bottom is usually around 1.5-2g. If you google 'bungee jump accelerations', it should be the first pdf link that comes up. The explanation about changing directions is not meant to be about magnitude - just about how acceleration is not = 0 when v=0
    1
  3199. Thank you!
    1
  3200. @whizbonker The tennis ball should be about 8 metres away on this scale, which is about right for the video.
    1
  3201. The prop here is not acting as a turbine. It is driven by the wheels in the opposite direction so it works like a fan. The vehicle can (and has been demonstrated) to go up to 3x windspeed continuously, no slowing down or speeding up needed.
    1
  3202. Thank you!
    1
  3203. Thank you!
    1
  3204. Thank you so much!
    1
  3205. the stars we see would look like a steady stream of light, but possibly the frog could see other stars that we can't, and yes in that case they would flicker if there was an unsteady drip of photons coming from them.
    1
  3206. Fixed - thank you!
    1
  3207. Teşekkürler!
    1
  3208. It’s a done deal!
    1
  3209. Thank you!
    1
  3210. 👀
    1
  3211. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed!
    1
  3212. For the record, I get all my electricity from the solar panels including everything I need for the car.
    1
  3213. Thank you!
    1
  3214. it's an experiment, seeing if it moves the needle at all on impressions. So far, no.
    1
  3215.  @jackperl7040  This was thought through carefully. You don't have to worry about the (100-k)! factor for any k because it cancels out as follows: The choose function gives you the number of ways you could pick k digits from 100 numbers . If you unpack the formula of (100 choose k) it is: 100!/[k!(100-k)!] In the denominator, we divide by k! essentially saying, we don't care about the order of the numbers in our loop. Then we divide by (100-k)! saying we don't care about the order of numbers not in the loop. Then, in the standard solution, we multiply by k! because we DO care about the order of numbers in our loop. Then we multiply by (100-k)! because we DO care about the order of numbers not in our loop. This is unnecessary complexity that we can eliminate and go straight to 100!/L.
    1
  3216. Thank you!
    1
  3217. Where possible use the obvious terms rather than the scientific jargon. I mean ‘ion’ is jargon but let’s not compound it.
    1
  3218. Thank you for your support!
    1
  3219. Did you like it? I hope you liked it.
    1
  3220. Thank you!
    1
  3221. Thank you!
    1
  3222. @TheRaysteve I don't really think it matters, but probably after you've been to the bathroom
    1
  3223. Thank you!
    1
  3224. Thank you!
    1
  3225. you don't really want me to tell you the answers right? You're gonna do it yourself!
    1
  3226. A lot. Around $5000 a trip 😱
    1
  3227. Grazie mille!
    1
  3228. Thank you!
    1
  3229. 14 meters, but depending on who you ask I have seen the uncertainty quoted as only 5 or 7 meters if blown up to the scale of the Earth.
    1
  3230. Thank you!
    1
  3231. Thank you!
    1
  3232. already did it!
    1
  3233. iopfox kitsune not sure yet but I hope to make it great
    1
  3234. read the description
    1
  3235. In the case of direct downwind the sail is effectively a parachute and the wind pushes the sail
    1
  3236. It was and there are parts that are but we didn’t go to those places.
    1
  3237. @JohnnyFrizz Sorry if I said it funny, time would slow down so much on the train that it would stop (compared to time outside which continues ticking as usual). The infinite density issue you suggest is another problem, hence why we can't go the speed of light.
    1
  3238. @mydiningroom one of the groups did have roughly zero prior knowledge (as little as you can have of moving/accelerating objects as an 18 year-old) but I guess this did include some grade 10 science. Tough to find someone who hasn't at least heard of Newton's laws.
    1
  3239. ¡Gracias!
    1
  3240. Thank you!
    1
  3241. I imagine it's because they know the people who watch science videos are intelligent, mostly well educated, internet savvy etc. - their ideal customer. Plus maybe they like our work and want to support it.
    1
  3242. Thank you!
    1
  3243. Thank you!
    1
  3244. @CommanderdMtllca Lots of questions, so little time. I would like to do more about nuclear fusion and fission and perhaps eventually talk about nuclear shells and magic numbers - but that stuff is quite intricate. Thanks for the suggestions!
    1
  3245. haha how young did you work this out? Your poor siblings!
    1
  3246. Kiitos!
    1
  3247. Good q - I’m not sure...
    1
  3248. So I mean I guess that’s a no for the near future
    1
  3249. Is this an actual calculation from a bungee jump place? This doesn't seem to stack up from an energy perspective. The total change in gravitational potential energy of the jumper is mgh = 29 kJ but the energy stored in the stretched bungee is only 1/2kx^2=14.5kJ - so where did half of the energy go? into the atmosphere? I doubt it considering how high you bounce. If you assume that all the energy goes into the bungee, the extension is 31m, giving T = 1.86kN and a=13.5m/s^2
    1
  3250. Thank you!
    1
  3251. "huge influence over small distances"? No. At least not for a basketball or medicine ball. For a feather or chalk dust maybe.
    1
  3252. @MrNuxi Only if the tree is burned - not if the tree is say turned into a house.
    1
  3253. there is no lens, just two slits.
    1
  3254. haha, it's too distracting. I like the piece, it just didn't fit the video.
    1
  3255. Never know what you’re gonna get!
    1
  3256. in this frame of reference the charges are balanced by the effects of length contraction, i.e. the length contracted electrons are equal in density to the proper length spaced positive charges
    1
  3257. less viscous, maybe, but less heavy? That pressure difference is required to support the weight of the water column - there would have to be at least 10atm difference in pressure between the top and the bottom of a 100m tree
    1
  3258. Hang on, where do you get the hydrogen from? Electricity. So if you have the electricity, cut out the middleman. Batteries can and should be recycled. It’s a lot cheaper and easier than mining new metals
    1
  3259. Thank you!
    1
  3260. probably, but it may only be on 2Veritasium
    1
  3261. The sun is losing mass. And it's really the nuclei that are fusing together.
    1
  3262. assuming it wasn't spinning to begin with, the total angular momentum must remain unchanged so if the disk (platter within the disk) is accelerated one way, the computer must be accelerated in the opposite direction.
    1
  3263. Thank you!
    1
  3264. Thank you!
    1
  3265. Thank you!
    1
  3266. you see virtually everyone I interview and I try to represent them fairly. The link to the unedited interviews is in the description.
    1
  3267. @KingNetherdrake Fun Fact: the oxygen that the tree gives off comes from water, whereas the whole carbon dioxide molecule is used to make wood.
    1
  3268. Köszönjük!
    1
  3269. Um, I ask them one question. And then I ask a different one.
    1
  3270. Imbecile! haha, no I'm kidding. When a magnetic field changes around a conductor it induces currents in the conductor, effectively making it into an electromagnet. So you're right, aluminium, which ordinarily wouldn't be affected by a magnet, becomes affected when a changing magnetic field is applied - because it turns the aluminium into an electromagnet. Check out my latest vid about the first electric generator for more on this.
    1
  3271. non-coherent light would be fine too - I just used the laser because it makes a nice bright spot
    1
  3272. Thank you!
    1
  3273. Grazie mille!
    1
  3274. Thank you so much! Glad you enjoyed!
    1
  3275. I've been - at Easter 2011 (it's where I went bungee jumping - there's a vid on that). But I'm coming over again in the next month or two...
    1
  3276. Thank you!
    1
  3277. Thank you!
    1
  3278. @gussnarp I did discuss the distinction with the interviewees but you're right, it's not clear in the video.
    1
  3279. If it were the same mass as our sun, no. To us the gravitational effect should be the same as it is now so we would orbit like normal. Of course our sun will never become a black hole, only a red giant in 5 billion years, and thereafter a white dwarf...
    1
  3280. Thank you! Glad to hear!
    1
  3281. Actually I bought it because my wife eats exclusively Hawaiian pizza these days
    1
  3282. yeah I've heard about this. Let me say that I'm very skeptical. But I'm willing to do the work to find out.
    1
  3283. It seems like he's doing that - as in his new video about Newton's first law.
    1
  3284. Thank you!
    1
  3285. Thank you!
    1
  3286. Thank you!
    1
  3287. Over 500. It made reading the research easier and hopefully communicated the scale of the work
    1
  3288. @i4hnds138 you cracked the code. The options are there so you can commit to an answer.
    1
  3289. Thank you!
    1
  3290. Thank you! Really glad to hear you enjoyed and found the video engaging!
    1
  3291. I don't think your message is a valid one. The vast majority of people have the conceptions presented in this video. You don't? Great! Then don't bother watching it. Now I do think a valid criticism is that I didn't follow this up with a clear explanation for each law why these are wrong and why Newton's laws are better.
    1
  3292. no, I'm just up at this hour. I wanted to get this vid out there.
    1
  3293. @7373walker Only in certain countries. Funny story, the guy who isolated the metal called it Aluminum (which is consistent with patterning of previous oxides, magnesia->magnesium; thoria -> thorium; alumina->aluminum). But some didn't like the name because it didn't have the "classic sound" a la Veritasium. I now say aluminium because I am otherwise ridiculed by my students.
    1
  3294. Thank you!
    1
  3295. Thank you!
    1
  3296. vlogbrothers, scishow, crashcourse, check him out! He's awesome!!
    1
  3297. Thank you so much!
    1
  3298. Because then there’s no difference in speed relative to air and speed relative to ground. In a tailwind, wheels can roll over the ground at 30km/h but prop is moving through air at 0km/h. So you can harvest a little energy at the high speed at the wheels and put it into the prop to get just a few km/h relative to the wind - now you’re going faster than the wind.
    1
  3299. If you have a strong stomach
    1
  3300. It is negligible over distances like this. Air resistance only becomes significant when objects are going fast and for that they would need to fall much further than 2m.
    1
  3301. omegadan maybe...
    1
  3302. Danke!
    1
  3303. Sure did
    1
  3304. Thank you, we're glad to have made light so 'clear' for you!
    1
  3305. Thank you!
    1
  3306. Thank you!
    1
  3307. Thank you!
    1
  3308. @freelancechemist It's from Sydney Uni - International year of physics, 2005. But I know of some similar ones, e.g. Cosmos magazine sells some
    1
  3309. Old!
    1
  3310. @josyula547 negative is really just a convenient name we've applied to charge. We know that certain particles have this property and that there are two types of it. Are they asking how anything can be charged?
    1
  3311. I was mech eng + physics. Too many awesome things in the world to choose from!
    1
  3312. Thank you!
    1
  3313. I'm sorry about that Luke - honestly it's not a title I would come up with. But the video did better than almost anything I used to post because people do click on it. So I'm stuck between a rock and a hard place. I hope you can appreciate the packaging metaphor. The video is what I want to nail. The title and thumbnail is packaging.
    1
  3314. yes, the strong force is related to the fact that clearing out the vacuum of those gluon fluctuations costs energy, and the presence of quarks suppresses those fluctuations, so the more you try to move them out, the bigger that empty space becomes, and the more energy that's required.
    1
  3315. Thank you!
    1
  3316. because momentum is not strictly mv - the complete relation between mass, energy and momentum is E^2 = p^2c^2 +(mc^2)^2 - so particles can have momentum without mass, p = E/c
    1
  3317. Thank you!
    1
  3318. me too! Christmas present from my mum!!
    1
  3319. Thank you!
    1
  3320. Amazing to hear, thank you!
    1
  3321. Thank you! It's amazing what kind of stories everyday objects can have behind them!
    1
  3322. I've searched high and low for the answer, and I now have it. Coming soon... It's tough to find a good answer on the internet so this is going to be the definitive treatment!
    1
  3323. yeah in this case probably best to say momentum p=E/c where E is the energy of the photon and c in the speed of light
    1
  3324. Thank you! Glad to hear you enjoyed, I hope 2024 lived up to expectations and here's to more in 2025!
    1
  3325. We weren’t trying to ‘prove’ anything. We were trying to illustrate an existing experiment. But still interesting that we saw similar results. A naive expectation could be that everyone should prefer the shorter trial because it’s shorter.
    1
  3326. thank you!
    1
  3327. @80sfatcats Fat will go this way - some of it may also be broken down and peed out/sweated out.
    1
  3328. They’re less cool than 11 and 13… in all honesty, I think this is just how it worked out with the animator, we probably thought those would be off screen by the time we introduced the term
    1
  3329. Great tip! I'll have to try that out. The ripples on the pond were all natural, and I was amazed too how well they turned out. Wind was an issue, plus it started raining while I was out there. Ah, the things we do for science.
    1
  3330. Thank you!
    1
  3331. Work in a headwind, yes. Flip on the fly, no they haven’t figured that out yet…
    1
  3332. haha, I've heard if you bang a jar of mixed nuts on a counter, the brazil nuts come to the top. Conspiracy? Perhaps...
    1
  3333. When the slit is very small the percentage that skim off the side as a fraction of total photons passing through is still negligible, hence the effect you see must be due to photons in the middle of the beam, not just edge effects.
    1
  3334. yep, I'm Canadian-Australian or Australian-Canadian... I'm in a superposition of states.
    1
  3335. wow, thanks!
    1
  3336. Thank you!
    1
  3337. Thank you! That's all amazing to hear, glad you found the video educational!
    1
  3338. Thank you!
    1
  3339. Actually it can - if you are able to create a nucleation site in one of the xylem tubes it will cavitate. Thankfully the tree has perforations separating parts of the xylem tube to prevent the problem from spreading to the whole tree.
    1
  3340. yup and this was refilmed for Aussie TV.
    1
  3341. @lhrmeonom that would affect the spin but its effect would be barely measurable - it's like the effect bugs have on your car when they squash against the windscreen on the highway.
    1
  3342. nope, for diffraction to be significant, the hole needs to be a similar size to a wavelength of light. In this case, it's much too large.
    1
  3343. Thank you!
    1
  3344. Thank you!
    1
  3345. they are accelerating, at about 8.7 m/s^2 - you could call this a centripetal acceleration, acceleration towards the centre of a circular path.
    1
  3346. We're back at the problem of the definition of type I and II clickbait. I'm a fan of using type I legitbait, this is not misleading but it's also not the most technical title. If I call a video 'Intro to General Relativity', not many people are going to click on it and most of the people who do will already know something about GR. If I call it 'Why Gravity is not a force,' more people can understand what the video is about and they can click it whether they've heard of GR or not. The great advantage I was pointing out is - these are the people I want to reach because they can learn something new. Calling something 'the Magnus effect' might seem more accurate but it actually conveys less information. I don't think anyone should use type II clickbait including educational and entertainment channels but that is a fuzzy line that people will disagree on.
    1
  3347. Yeah it was polypropylene
    1
  3348. @GiorgioCapocasa very, very little - I think friction with the water at the base would be greater, but still, it's so small that the globe can spin for hours while barely slowing at all.
    1
  3349. I don’t think elliptical orbits are desirable for most applications- and they’d also have to have a stable clock on board
    1
  3350. I was taught without the word centripetal at all - and I try to do the same with my students. It's ok to say 'towards the centre.' Centripetal is not much shorter and much more problematic.
    1
  3351. Thank you for your support!
    1
  3352. @saklav86 Nope - have you seen my vids about inertia? Check out "Why does the Earth spin?"
    1
  3353. It’s an axis. The dogs tend to align with the field.
    1
  3354. @Techra Thanks for the comment! 0) Yes I did study the videos before I made the post 1) misconceptions about electrons are not deeply ingrained because we don't experience them directly but I know Khan is good about pointing out these things 2) Sal is incredibly knowledgeable and a great explainer 3) students did learn from second example despite its shortcomings
    1
  3355. Thank you! Glad to hear that, thanks for your kind words!
    1
  3356. Thank you!
    1
  3357. Where did you get that sample size? for the results reported here, the sample size was about 40 in each group, but this was tested with 100 students in each group in another year and with quantum tunnelling (n=40) another year with very similar findings. If you're interested to learn more, check out my PhD or publications.
    1
  3358. Thank you!
    1
  3359. rtytfgkjuhjbk ?
    1
  3360. Thank you!
    1
  3361. unproven theory? black holes are predicted by general relativity, which has been validated spectacularly through experiments. There are objects that have been observed (like this one) that exactly match the predictions of GR. Plus gravitational waves predicted a hundred years before they were detected.
    1
  3362. But look out for the jellyfish. The deadliest organisms are the box jellyfish and the irikanji - though I didn't delve into this much.
    1
  3363. Thank you!
    1
  3364. yeah this was for TV and they only broadcast in standard def. :(
    1
  3365. why? we all breathe out CO2. If it were just CO, on the other hand, then we'd have a problem.
    1
  3366. @IbeeejayI beta radiation is just the very fast-moving electrons that are emitted out of unstable nuclei. The electron is actually ejected out of the nucleus when a neutron turns into a proton. So regular electrons don't count as beta radiation.
    1
  3367. Views still come from sub feed but a much lower fraction than before. Plus YouTube now algorithmically organizes things in the sub feed, right?
    1
  3368. @ragonfeld23 yes, weight and inertia always seem to be in proportion.
    1
  3369. Thank you!
    1
  3370. Thank you!
    1
  3371. I think multiple breaths are required - you just try not to let the pressure in your mouth drop as you breath out.
    1
  3372. It should be mind-blowing. The series for area converges, but the series for perimeter diverges. Strange but true!
    1
  3373. Not too mention that the balls are dropped at the same time so any acceleration of the Earth would be the same for both balls.
    1
  3374. @41124695 Yes we are still in the 'after-stages' of the big bang, but we can actually see there was a time when the universal expansion was slowing. More recently it has started to speed up again. This is the really unexpected thing because we don't know what could be forcing everything apart - it seems like energy tied to the vacuum of space.
    1
  3375. Thank you!
    1
  3376. Cảm ơn! Thank you for your support, glad you enjoyed!
    1
  3377. Can you? I doubt it. I just tried...
    1
  3378. it's in part 1 of the video - 2 tonnes
    1
  3379. Thank you!
    1
  3380. Bedankt! Glad you enjoyed the video!
    1
  3381. Satellites can most often be seen at dawn and dusk. They really are moving quite fast - they orbit the earth in 1.5 hours so they normally take about 15 minutes to cross the sky from one horizon to the other. The orbit may be slightly elliptical but usually it's roughly a circle with more-or-less constant speed.
    1
  3382. Yup you should be taller in space, just like you're taller lying down - because gravity compresses everything. Space doesn't really stretch you out, but you are not compressed by the weight of your body.
    1
  3383. Zing!
    1
  3384. Thank you!
    1
  3385. Is one object’s pull another’s push? Rick likes to talk about it as pulling. I like to think of it as a fan than pushes air. I’m not sure either way of thinking is more ‘right’
    1
  3386. I'm not really sure - I think it meant get lower down, or get closer. The literal translation of "plus bas" is lowermost
    1
  3387. unfortunately no, for these effects to work, the holes need to be of similar size and spacing to the wavelength of light.
    1
  3388. @Renea1991 you would lose nearly a kilo a day - that's pretty significant, and more if you are moving about and exercising etc.
    1
  3389. Thank you!
    1
  3390. sigh, yes I had concerns when I started to see comments coming in. I'm planning a follow-up on 2veritasium.
    1
  3391. Thank you!
    1
  3392. @steamboat789 so extremely delayed that you would never see your reflection. For every centimetre the light travels forwards, the mirror also travels a centimetre so the light reflected from your face would never get closer to the mirror.
    1
  3393. @xxZiki It should be but the water needs to be colder than my freezer would cool it
    1
  3394. Darling Harbour, Sydney, Australia
    1
  3395. @ultimatt Thanks for your comment. The goal is not to make fun of others' ignorance, but to show that these ideas are common and use them as a starting point to discuss conceptions (like Newtonian physics) that have been found to be useful in understanding the world. That the 4-velocity of massive particles is c is irrelevant to the discussion and misleading for non-physicists because it sounds like massive particles can move at the speed of light which of course they can't.
    1
  3396. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed!
    1
  3397. @K0ML3X light could come toward your face quite quickly, but when it bounces and moves forward, it would never get any closer the the mirror because the mirror is moving away from it at the same speed. Hence you wouldn't be able to see anything behind you in the mirror.
    1
  3398. Thank you!
    1
  3399. now posted on the Ve facebook page
    1
  3400. Thank you!
    1
  3401. My camera is a Panasonic AF100 with a voightlander 25mm f/0.95 lens
    1
  3402. Yes, and then I did this for the Aussie TV show Catalyst which is on the ABC (link in the description). Think this version is new and improved.
    1
  3403. ¡Gracias!
    1
  3404. Thank you so much! Great song!
    1
  3405. Thank you!
    1
  3406. Thank you!
    1
  3407. @GLeonGarcia yes.
    1
  3408. Thank you!
    1
  3409. my pronunciation is, I believe, in line with Murray Gell-Mann's when he invented the word. And I quote: “In 1963, when I assigned the name "quark" to the fundamental constituents of the nucleon, I had the sound first, without the spelling, which could have been "kwork."
    1
  3410. Thank you!
    1
  3411. you have no idea how much trouble that caused. Concern over it's similarity to a plus sign led me to do a zoom out into the map of Switzerland. But this was preferred so three uploads later I'm back to the flag.
    1
  3412. Grazie mille!
    1
  3413. Thank you!
    1
  3414. Earth months - yeah I think it’s going to take a couple years to get good data back after all the drilling and calibrating
    1
  3415. @bekaltman perhaps. The students in the study were enrolled in first year physics (which have this material in the curriculum) and they were awarded a mark for watching the video. In that way the study was about as authentic is you could make it.
    1
  3416. Timur Asenov ssshhhhhhh
    1
  3417. Thank you!
    1
  3418. nope, the size of the triangle depends on the distance from the wall to the card (it should always be ~ 1/110 the distance). This is due to the geometry of the sun-card-earth system
    1
  3419. Thank you!
    1
  3420. Thank you! That's very kind to say!
    1
  3421. Thank you!
    1
  3422. Thank you!
    1
  3423. yeah, this is not kinetic energy of particles, it's energy in the gluon field, interacting with quarks to make the protons and neutrons, so cooling to 0K wouldn't reduce this energy.
    1
  3424. Thank you!
    1
  3425. get subbed!
    1
  3426. Thank you!
    1
  3427. well spotted - that is minutephysics on the zipline
    1
  3428. up quarks have a charge of +2/3e whereas a down quark has -1/3e
    1
  3429. Thank you!
    1
  3430. Thank you so much, that's so kind of you to say! Glad you enjoy the content!
    1
  3431. watch the original straw video 'world's longest vertical straw.'
    1
  3432. Good catch guys! My bad. I hate doing that, I'll add an annotation...
    1
  3433. YOU are a special snowflake.
    1
  3434. You know just enough to be wrong. Please see the reference Anderson et al (1998) linked in the description, which shows corrections for time dilation do not work the same way if the speed of light is anisotropic. As we point out in the video GPS clocks will synchronize such that they always measure the one-way speed of light to be c whether it is or isn’t. You essentially synchronize your clocks in a way that ensures this.
    1
  3435. Thank you!
    1
  3436. Thank you!
    1
  3437. Thank you!
    1
  3438. Thank you!
    1
  3439. Thank you!
    1
  3440. This video topic was my idea and the brand gave me complete creative freedom (besides mentioning competitors) so yes this is something I would make a video about regardless. But judging from the comments I missed the mark on some of the key points people would like addressed.
    1
  3441. In my classes, I am always driving to the misconceptions. My favourite is doing projectile motion - I draw an object frozen in its trajectory and ask for the forces on it. I don't stop 'til someone wants me to draw the 'force of the throw'. And when they do, I draw it. When they run out of ideas, I ask who is satisfied by the picture. Usually most are. Only then do I let on there is no force of the throw.
    1
  3442. Thank you! Sorry about the slow reply before that, as long as it's fair use, go ahead!
    1
  3443. Thank you!
    1
  3444. @jmxbox that's the thing that makes it counterintuitive. If the coastline is fractal there is infinite detail. Like in the Koch snowflake, there will always be smaller and smaller triangles.
    1
  3445. lol. It throws flames. it is what it is.
    1
  3446. Thank you!
    1
  3447. I think eating and drinking are only significant contributors to our mass increases.
    1
  3448. @MrSyzygyG agreed, but this was consistent across the treatments. So whether they listen or not is a variable influenced only by the particular presentation they viewed.
    1
  3449. Thank you!
    1
  3450. Thank you!
    1
  3451. correct. Only things with zero rest mass can go the speed of light. If you or I tried to, we wouldn't be able to because our mass would increase dramatically as we approached that speed making it harder and harder to accelerate us.
    1
  3452. It happens to us all!
    1
  3453. thank you!
    1
  3454. I’m sorry! New subtitles are coming
    1
  3455. Great! I haven't actually read any Brian Greene, but I would like to try some so I will and let you know.
    1
  3456. It's coming, but I thought this might help...
    1
  3457. Thank you!
    1
  3458. Thank you!
    1
  3459. Favorited. Subscribed. ;-)
    1
  3460. Yeah, you’re the loudest thing in the room. But you can’t avoid the noise of you, which is maybe the troubling part
    1
  3461. haha, yes, ok that's true. But photovoltaics create 85 TWh of electricity per year, good for only 0.4% of global electricity consumption (roughly 19,000 TWh). So virtually all electricity is generated this way.
    1
  3462. @sscswimmer1 as you can see, it doesn't really matter. We were concerned about cleaning up afterwards since it was the School of Physics' microwave.
    1
  3463. Thank you so much! That's amazing to hear, glad you enjoyed!
    1
  3464. Thank you!
    1
  3465. yeah I felt the discussion of 90 degrees out of phase is misleading. It's not about timing or the state in a rotational cycle. Torque is the cross product of force and radius which is always at 90 degrees to both of the other vectors.
    1
  3466. Thank you!
    1
  3467. that's just my point with a lot of these videos - the age when you learn something is not necessarily an indication of intelligence or lack thereof. Besides what I was talking about was thermal conductivity not specific heat. I think one just assumes if something feels warmer it is. Often this is a reasonable conclusion, but not always.
    1
  3468. hmmm... something that has always interested me is motivation - intrinsic vs. extrinsic. Perhaps explore the link between the two. I'm not sure they're as separate as they first seem.
    1
  3469. keep watching, this is addressed...
    1
  3470. Thank you!
    1
  3471. more or less - water would boil in the xylem tubes if punctured, but trees have neat perforated dividers between parts of the tube that stop the embolism from spreading.
    1
  3472. You’d need a more powerful laser
    1
  3473. woohoo! Would have had one with your face in it but I was trying to avoid getting Vi and Grey in shot...
    1
  3474. ¡Gracias!
    1
  3475. this is actually the GoPro3 (silver, sad to say) - think it would be even better using the black edition, which I will get my hands on at some point.
    1
  3476. Thank you!
    1
  3477. I didn't see it - what is it?
    1
  3478. @Toastynhere hmm, I guess it depends on how you are looking, down on the North pole or down on the South pole (or at some angle to the Earth's axis of rotation). To be honest I didn't much think about the direction the moon was going. But well spotted! I will keep this in mind in future.
    1
  3479. Thank you!
    1
  3480. The link to the original is in the description, sometimes I do remakes for TV - here we added the ice cube bit.
    1
  3481. Humanity will probably not watch this video in 100 years. But then again there is a branch of the wave function in which they will.
    1
  3482. That's the mass number of Ve. It's atomic number is i - the square root of negative one so it doesn't kick any elements out of their place. The mass is 42 because it's the answer to the ultimate question of life the universe and everything.
    1
  3483. Thank you!
    1
  3484. Hello! Please help share this video because it doesn't seem that YouTube's subscription system is working properly :( Thank you!! ~Derek
    1
  3485. @lkjpoify I did not go to the bathroom after lunch - the bathroom measurement was done on a different day. I say as I'm getting on the scale that I was 72.1 kg before my bathroom break, hence the 1.5 kg mass loss.
    1
  3486. Thank you!
    1
  3487. Thank you! Glad to hear you found this video useful! Be kind to your teachers though, they unfortunately don't have infinite time!
    1
  3488. Thank you so much for your support!
    1
  3489. @enimcraft but how tightly do you wrap it? around every water molecule/grain of sand/pebble/rock/boulder/cliff etc?
    1
  3490. Thank you!
    1
  3491. Relative to the first, delays were 5, 9, 22.5 days and then a year to the fifth one
    1
  3492. And the hypothesized earliest one was 20 years before all of that
    1
  3493. Thank you!
    1
  3494. they are ripples in spacetime.
    1
  3495. @Okora11 I think in Australia from Professor Bunsen
    1
  3496. To create a single crystal of pure silicon-28 is the challenge - they had to centrifuge SiF4 in the centrifuges normally used to enrich Uranium before the crystal was grown.
    1
  3497. Hank Green has a good vid on this already.
    1
  3498. Thank you!
    1
  3499. Thank you!
    1
  3500. If it doesn't blow your mind, that's when there's a problem :-)
    1
  3501. I think you're overthinking it. The image is formed by ray optics. As long as the hole is small compared with the distance to the wall it works. Light from the top of the sun goes through the card and ends up forming the bottom of the image on the wall and vice versa.
    1
  3502. @PhobiaPhobo I don't teach at used at the moment :(
    1
  3503. @sampinchies I've been trying. I need someone to nominate me for TEDxSydney for a start!
    1
  3504. A positive particle is one with more protons than electrons eg NH4+ or Na+ so it has nothing to do with holes
    1
  3505. Thank you!
    1
  3506. I've wondered this before - does light experience only space and not time... I don't know if it's really fair to ask such things since light doesn't have consciousness, but it is interesting to think about...
    1
  3507. Links are in the description!
    1
  3508. @postnormal I wonder if, with all the great stuff you're developing at Khan Academy, you could use pretest questions to 'diagnose' misconceptions and then show students exactly the kinds of discussions they should be having. Tutoring across the web has great potential and freeing up classroom time to deal with these conceptual hurdles is awesome. I think the trouble with traditional videos and quizzes is students can answer the questions correctly without changing their misconceptions
    1
  3509. Thank you!
    1
  3510. Thank you!
    1
  3511. Thank you!
    1
  3512. Thank you!
    1
  3513. go ahead - send me an email veritasium (at) gmail.com
    1
  3514. Thanks for dinging the bell! I'm also very sparing with my use of it - because you don't want to be overwhelmed by notifications. I will endeavor to earn it.
    1
  3515. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed!
    1
  3516. yeah - was good to meet you too. You should send me a copy of the photo, veritasium at gmail
    1
  3517. That is something I (and I’d venture to guess most other Youtubers) never do. But I probably should
    1
  3518. The idea is it was factored in, but since it’s well tested and established we focused discussion in this video on the gravitational part, which is less well tested
    1
  3519. Thank you!
    1
  3520. great question! I thought I was going to have to put a single slit over the double slits (something Young actually did). But as it turns out the sun's light is reasonably coherent over small enough distances. So the slits were small enough and close together enough for it to work.
    1
  3521. @iObly The orb should continue accelerating if you can apply the same force - but that becomes difficult because you have to move your hand quite quickly to apply the force.
    1
  3522. @MrSaint3 you can download it from veritasium com in the links section
    1
  3523. Thank you!
    1
  3524. @FTWization hmm... and here I would say there is no such thing as centripetal force - or rather the gravitational force IS the centripetal force. Perhaps you're thinking of centrifugal force which is a fictitious force that arises when doing calculations in an accelerating frame of reference.
    1
  3525. @1gummyipod1 let's say a treadmill goes 850km/h - if you hold an object 'stationary' above it, that object would have to be travelling at an airspeed of 850km/h (since the air moves along with the treadmill). That's as fast as the plane can fly - so it doesn't really matter if you regard the plane as stationary and the Earth as moving below or the Earth as stationary and the plane as moving at 850 km/h over it.
    1
  3526. Grazie mille!
    1
  3527. In fact someone from the cod industry has now reached out to me, but not before...
    1
  3528. Thank you!
    1
  3529. Thank you!
    1
  3530. It's not just Australia - you can see people from Germany, France, Denmark, and Scotland (though he got it right) in this video too.
    1
  3531. Thank you for your support! Acting nice costs nothing and glad to hear you're in a much better position now, we hope there are more people like you in the world!
    1
  3532. Thank you!
    1
  3533. When I came, I made a video announcing I was coming. It was for the Olympics. Plus follow on twitter and Insta and you should have a good idea of what I'm up to.
    1
  3534. Thank you!
    1
  3535. Thank you!
    1
  3536. Merci!
    1
  3537. Thank you!
    1
  3538. Thank you so much for your support! Glad you enjoyed!
    1
  3539. A loooooongggggg time... Used rubbing alcohol and paper towels - took off a few layers of skin!!
    1
  3540. the sailing thing is counterintuitive. Lift is not as obvious as drag.
    1
  3541. Wow! Thank you so much! That's amazing and so glad you enjoyed it!
    1
  3542. Thank you! Glad to hear!
    1
  3543. There’s actually a take of me saying something like this
    1
  3544. Thank you!
    1
  3545. nope, that's just not how it goes... probably because He-3 is a reasonably stable nucleus.
    1
  3546. @DarkZuiK At the University of Sydney. But I bet you would find the same result virtually anywhere.
    1
  3547. I know, I know - I'm sorry. sometimes life gets in the way. It will happen, and it will be good, perhaps involving cameos from other science Youtubers...
    1
  3548. Heck, I could have made the title: Negative ions not good for you and saved you the trouble of even watching the video. But did you learn anything else along the way?
    1
  3549. He got voted down :(
    1
  3550. Thank you!
    1
  3551. Thank you so much! That's a lovely thing to say, glad you enjoy the videos!
    1
  3552. Thank you!
    1
  3553. I think this has to do with the refresh rate of the eye being slightly out of time with the rotation of the wheel.
    1
  3554. That does sound weird. I mean it can disinfect because it’s not good for living things. But that includes you. EPA sets 70ppb as safe for most people...
    1
  3555. Thank you!
    1
  3556. bah! This is what happens when you're doing things on little sleep...
    1
  3557. It reached everywhere - plus there were other tests in the Soviet Union and in the Pacific etc
    1
  3558. I don't think the boiling would work - you would still have some dissolved gasses and the trouble is freezing that happens from the outside in - this traps gasses. That's why the method of freezing (with agitation) is so important.
    1
  3559. there is actually a process for refilling tubes that get air filled but it's complicated so I didn't go into it.
    1
  3560. Thank you!
    1
  3561. Thank you!
    1
  3562. Thank you! It's comments like these that keep me going. Especially when I'm posting new videos at 4am.
    1
  3563. Thank you!
    1
  3564. Thank you!
    1
  3565. Thank you!
    1
  3566. Most of it was shot in my garage
    1
  3567. Thank you!
    1
  3568. yes I could have gone into more detail, but... I don't believe there is any situation with a stretchy chord (which obeys Hooke's law F=-kx) where this would not be the correct answer. A whole other issue is to me 'acceleration' means any change in velocity but to most people it just means speeding up...
    1
  3569. @DirtyShots47 another reason that atomic masses have decimals is because the masses of individual isotopes are not whole numbers. Only carbon-12 has a mass of exactly 12 because it was defined this way. The mass of iron-56 for example is 55.93
    1
  3570. Thank you!
    1
  3571. It can! (And they did it) You gear the prop the other way so it’s a windmill that turns the wheels.
    1
  3572. Thank you! Glad to hear!
    1
  3573. Vidcon!
    1
  3574. @RAKRStudios That is the _actual_ coastline of Veritasia. You should visit some time!
    1
  3575. I think the trouble is today subscribers are decoupled from views for a lot of channels. YT has found this increases traffic to the site and watch time.
    1
  3576. I just found the image on google :)
    1
  3577. Nope, this is not diffraction. The hole is too big for diffraction effects to be significant (d>>lambda). It is just what happens when light rays pass through a smallish hole and form an image of the sun on the wall. And no, the circle is not smaller when the aperture is bigger - it is smaller when the card is closer to the wall.
    1
  3578. Thank you!
    1
  3579. Check out my channel to see what it looks like. iJustine, Mystery Guitar Man and Epic Meal Time have already switched too.
    1
  3580. @S4MJ4M I'm not sure I understand the question. We emit roughly 100 J/s so over 8 hours, that is 2.88 MJ, which has the mass of 32 nanograms by E = mc2
    1
  3581. Say hi to your science teacher from me!
    1
  3582. why? can't view it? check vimeo...
    1
  3583. acceleration = Force/mass so the same force that accelerates the Earth a little, accelerates the moon a lot (because of its much smaller mass)
    1
  3584. To clarify, the interior of the wire has zero net charge density. The surface of the wire, on the other hand, has a gradient of charges, creating a field throughout the wire.
    1
  3585. 5 hours from now. Pacific is UTC-8
    1
  3586. It's not necessarily politics - he just seems like a good guy. Read his book and tell me his story is not inspirational.
    1
  3587. Thank you!
    1
  3588. There’s a spot with video in a video in a video
    1
  3589. Thank you!
    1
  3590. Thank you! Really glad to hear you enjoyed the video!
    1
  3591. Thank you!
    1
  3592. This was exactly my feeling about circuits before making these videos! And it makes sense because the lumped element model says you can safely ignore fields outside the wires - any significant field interactions are represented by circuit elements.
    1
  3593. @Desterado yes - the pressure can reduce the melting point a degree or two so the ice becomes water under the wire - there are also some more complicated effects due to 'liquid-like' layers of water on the surface of ice even at very cold temperatures.
    1
  3594. @jmomm I'm not really sure because I ran into some technical difficulties, e.g. I fell asleep and the camera battery died, but I tried the experiment again and I would say about 2 hours under good conditions.
    1
  3595. Thanks for your comment! Excited to see what you do with the Earhart story
    1
  3596. In fact Prof Sperry measures water pressure inside living tree tissues using MRI, I believe down to -40 atm
    1
  3597. On the journey to the moon, the pull to the Earth really will become quite small - e.g. a couple of Earth diameters away and your weight drops to 4% of its current value.
    1
  3598. I think this is overstating it a bit. 1. this video was intended to be tongue in cheek, it is not an outright rejection of feedback (do you really think those comments were intended to be constructive?) 2. although you may already find physics interesting, others may not- you can't please everyone. 3. the bits that you found 'agonizingly monotonous' I found through research to be effective for learning, and 4. I try to balance videos of this variety with awesome physics demos for people like you
    1
  3599. No, no, the heart is for Newton's first law.
    1
  3600. I was thinking there might be a timelapse of cleaning the office in this video at some point but I never got the chance... it really became a dumping ground over the holidays.
    1
  3601. Thank you!
    1
  3602. no it's not, that's micrometres, which I also used in this vid.
    1
  3603. Thank you for your support! Glad to hear you enjoy our content and find it enjoyable!
    1
  3604. Jeffrey Lee yeah, in those 15 years I’ve rarely been back to Vancity
    1
  3605. @343jonny Krauss has written a book called 'Something out of Nothing'. I believe the idea is that gravity can have negative energy (eg. you are stuck to the Earth so you have negative gravitational energy). Plus energy can be converted to mass. So if you add up all the negative gravitational energy in the universe plus all the matter and energy, it could work out to zero. This explains how out of nothing, we get a universe with matter and energy - 'paid for' by our gravitational debt.
    1
  3606. Therein lies the mystery. To quote Feynman "I think I can safely say that nobody understands quantum mechanics."
    1
  3607. Thank you!
    1
  3608. Best comment!
    1
  3609. motors aren't converting any appreciable matter into energy and neither is the ATP cycle. Though a tiny amount of mass is lost according to E=mc^2, the significant weight changes to your body are due to the gain or loss of particles.
    1
  3610. @804YankeeFan You're right, normal force is not exactly as much as weight - I worked it out for myself and it's about 2N less, but that's not much. The Earth is not doing work on us because that requires the force to be in the same direction as motion.
    1
  3611. yup! In fact I shot the HD slinky slow-mo there.
    1
  3612. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed!
    1
  3613. Valeu!
    1
  3614. @donerik696969 I have whole sections of footage on cellulose, glucose and global warming but I left them out to keep this message brief.
    1
  3615. to be honest it was tough to get a lot of ions out of the breeze. It appears to capture most of them internally. ozone, on the other hand was easy to detect in significant quantities as you saw.
    1
  3616. to see if it will get more exposure. Can you swim in shade balls got 96M impressions on day 1. This video got 3.5M - looks like the click through rate is even over 7% which is high. I wonder if this has been categorized as mature content...
    1
  3617. It’s always good to be a little uncomfortable- it’s the hallmark of growth
    1
  3618. Thank you!
    1
  3619. Thank you! We definitely agree, simply giving the scientific facts is not enough, providing the motivations and story behind it adds so much. glad to hear you appreciate and enjoy that!
    1
  3620. Occam's razor has been used nicely here to cut off the extraneous parts of quantum theory, no probabilistic wavefunction collapse. And since you're into Pilot wave theory, no need for a particle to be piloted by a wave. All there is is the wave, it only looks particle like from our entangled perspective. Occam would be impressed.
    1
  3621. Thank you!
    1
  3622. Thank you!
    1
  3623. Thank you!
    1
  3624. Is it made that way or it smells like that because it's been handled by Canadians?
    1
  3625. I think it doesn't really matter. I used flour in the title for the alliteration with fireball.
    1
  3626. Bedankt!
    1
  3627. Thank you so much!
    1
  3628. @xhable and I would like to 'prove' it to you. At one point a cloud partially covered the sun, so you could see only the uncovered parts of the sun in the image on the wall. But try it for yourself with a different shaped light source!
    1
  3629. That's Brady Haran - Periodic Videos, Sixty Symbols, Numberfile, etc... But Grey says "Success is frightening" - how true
    1
  3630. Thank you!
    1
  3631. Thank you!
    1
  3632. Thank you!
    1
  3633. We had one ready to go that shot flames 150 feet but we couldn’t find a safe place to use it.
    1
  3634. dftba (dot) com - and pick up a Veritasium one while you're there!
    1
  3635. they can watch it again.
    1
  3636. I really want to! the way it was originally done.
    1
  3637. Put a fridge magnet close to your compass. It will certainly move the needle. The Earth’s field extends over a much greater distance than a fridge magnet, but the field right next to the magnet is stronger
    1
  3638. @Khorask A tenth of a cubic meter?!?! You know that is 100 litres right? If this is correct, I suggest you see a specialist. FYI 100 litres of flatulence would have a mass of around 70-100g
    1
  3639. @SEThatered If relativity weren't the way the universe is then yes, we would probably see what you suggest. So I suppose we should be thankful that light travels at the same speed in all inertial frames of reference regardless of the motion of the source or the observer. But this gives rise to things people think are quite spooky.
    1
  3640. I AM!!!!!!
    1
  3641. @Lachlan32 yep - tried to interview some of the bridal party actually, but they were in a rush to get to the reception.
    1
  3642. @Corpor3aL I don't think I linked the Heisenberg video
    1
  3643. All Veritasium all the time!
    1
  3644. Thank you!
    1
  3645. @beneficial if each one spends a billionth of a second in the apparatus and you count less than ten per second, you can be pretty sure there are never two in there at the same time.
    1
  3646. Danke schön!
    1
  3647. @11Inoboy11 It is not reflection or refraction, just the path of straight light rays as they pass through the hole. Light from the 'top' of the sun goes to the bottom of the image, whereas light from the bottom of the sun crosses over and goes to the top of the image. Left and right are also flipped. I had better make a diagram of this... Perhaps do a google image search for 'pin-hole camera'
    1
  3648. Thank you!
    1
  3649. Thank you!
    1
  3650. The slit was narrow left/right but not up/down
    1
  3651. Yeah, I put a link in the description of the "Why Do You Make People Look Stupid?" video. I should put one here too, but I haven't yet...
    1
  3652. Yeah I've been thinking about this angle. I'm concerned that people have such different definitions and feelings about the word clickbait. Depending on your definition it does or it doesn't make YT better. I think type I makes things better.
    1
  3653. Thank you!
    1
  3654. Duly noted.
    1
  3655. 多謝！
    1
  3656. which one? You mean Prof. Poliakoff, don't you
    1
  3657. Did you see the Mars helicopter video?
    1
  3658. They’re doing worse than when presented with the same question in an apolitical context.
    1
  3659. I mean I could list everything always but the videos would be longer than 13 min. Some groups of indigenous Australians, for example, use cardinal directions.
    1
  3660. Like... a shower?
    1
  3661. Thank you! For any questions you want answered, fill out the Q&A form in the description and the answer might be in an upcoming video on Patreon!
    1
  3662. The percent mass loss is ridiculously tiny since the sun's mass is 2x10^30 kg. Assuming today's rate of mass loss were maintained for the sun's five billion year life (not quite true) the sun would have lost a total of 0.03% of its mass. Incidentally, this corresponds to the mass of about 113 Earths!
    1
  3663. happy birthday!
    1
  3664. hope you sorted it out... we all met up in Canada to talk about how to make more awesome videos for youtube.
    1
  3665. haha, yeah that's kind of what I was going for...
    1
  3666. Protons and neutrons don't have a constant mass. It depends on what nucleus they're inside. That's what I was trying to get across with the water analogy - the strong force squeezes some mass out of the nucleons as it binds them.
    1
  3667. @Monnster13 yes, there is some empty space, like a vacuum, more in gas than liquid (and usually more in liquid than solid but not so in the case of water and ice).
    1
  3668. Apollo astronauts were seeing flashes on average every three minutes 😬
    1
  3669. @82NeXus But both effects, over the distances involved, are negligible compared to say the dropper's ability to release them both simultaneously.
    1
  3670. centrifuges, in Russia, like the ones used to refine Uranium for nuclear reactors. Crazy.
    1
  3671. Thank you!
    1
  3672. Thank you for supporting the channel!
    1
  3673. the atmosphere doesn't really act as a lens. The reason shadows are so sharp is because the sun is far away so all the light rays come essentially parallel. For a lightbulb, the light-producing filament has a finite size, so the light is coming from many positions, and the light is spreading out since it is quite close, hence shadows are less sharp. Move the lightbulb further away and shadows will be sharper.
    1
  3674. @Robotsystem12 I don't think gravitational force being different on different objects is 'tricky' - the force is simply proportional to mass. And inertia is not a cop out - the more mass an object has, the less it accelerates for a given amount of force. This is not about feeling or wanting, we just describe it that way to make it more memorable.
    1
  3675. Thank you!
    1
  3676. Or physicists are sailors, e.g. Einstein
    1
  3677. all in the interests of science!
    1
  3678. Thank you!
    1
  3679. Thank you!
    1
  3680. Thank you!
    1
  3681. Thank you!
    1
  3682. Thank you! Glad to hear you enjoyed!
    1
  3683. @youmadbro96 haha - I'd like that. I went to Queen's but Sydney is much nicer (weather, beaches, etc.)
    1
  3684. I do!
    1
  3685. Thank you!
    1
  3686. Thank you!
    1
  3687. The Earth's magnetic field is due to electric currents in the molten iron rather than the alignments of magnetic moments in a solid.
    1
  3688. Thank you! It was months in the making and took a looooooong time to make.
    1
  3689. Thank you!
    1
  3690. Thank you!
    1
  3691. @luckystrke ok, point taken. I'll look around for some other stuff.
    1
  3692. limited casting...
    1
  3693. Imagine if we did that with everything in science - if it doesn't work out the way you expected, just don't tell anyone. How would we ever make progress?
    1
  3694. At 8:16 I’m not talking about assigning slips to boxes. I’m talking about all the ways you can link 100 boxes to form a single loop. This way of counting will have duplicates- 100 of each loop, but you don’t have to worry about putting a slip inside its own box.
    1
  3695. I mean I’m based in LA so it’s a short flight. But we also bought that camera...
    1
  3696. except this answer is not wrong. I agree that the graphs are, by and large, damped sinusoids. The exception is acceleration. It begins at -9.8 m/s^2 but at the bottom, its magnitude will be greater than this. IF the Bungy had been fully extended at the jump-off, then you would be right, and acc would decrease from the start and the magnitude wouldn't be >g, but since the jumper is in free fall for a few seconds this additional energy stretches the cord further meaning a>g at the bottom
    1
  3697. @v8xp88xc great question - every observer finds the same value for the speed of light (in their own frame of reference) so although the distances and times measured by two observers might not be the same - both will agree that light travels at 299 792 458 m/s
    1
  3698. When shown it actually works
    1
  3699. I think you’re halfway to being a sun sneezer
    1
  3700. um, there's nothing in the beard. I often use Crew Fiber in my hair...
    1
  3701. "manufacturing new vehicles takes more energy than it will ever cost to run" Just patently false: https://youtu.be/6RhtiPefVzM
    1
  3702. Thank you!
    1
  3703. @UphyXx born in Oz, grew up in Canada and moved back to Oz
    1
  3704. Can you email me a screenshot?
    1
  3705. I should also point out it's natural for humans to be gay. But singing not a very good indicator of sexual preference
    1
  3706. ¡Gracias!
    1
  3707. If you're talking about the shade balls video Mr. Beast literally came up with the title and thumbnail for that one.
    1
  3708. Thank you!
    1
  3709. This is a good question...
    1
  3710. you and me both.
    1
  3711. hahaha, yeah that is exactly why you waited so long. Finding the answer has taken over my life!!
    1
  3712. love these comments - you could say this is simply diffraction if you're thinking of light as a wave, or you could think of diffraction as a consequence of the uncertainty principle if you're thinking of light as photons. They are two ways of looking at the same thing.
    1
  3713. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed the video and took value from it! - Team Veritasium
    1
  3714. Hahaha much clickier title!
    1
  3715. I used it in the way I think the questioner intended. Look, humbling means to make someone feel small. You can do that by yelling at them or by praising them. Brady doesn't accept this but he should. Otherwise I'll humble him.
    1
  3716. Thank you!
    1
  3717. Thank you - hearing this really made my day
    1
  3718. @FTWization more - the moon would exert a greater gravitational pull on the Earth (and the Earth would have a greater pull on the moon)
    1
  3719. How do you convert a mass of Carbon into energy? And how many calories would you expect to use while sleeping for an eight hour period? Most sources say about 100W is resting human power output, which gives roughly 700 Calories in a night, not that far off your estimate.
    1
  3720. @804YankeeFan This relates to the principle of relativity - the laws of physics apply the same way in all frames of reference moving with constant velocity. Or to put it another way: 'there is no such thing as at rest' - everything is moving with respect to something else in the universe. The Earth's surface is moving with roughly constant velocity (acceleration to Earth's centre is small) so the laws of physics work the same as if Earth weren't spinning.
    1
  3721. Thank you!
    1
  3722. This was originally meant to be in this video but it made the video too long and basically made the same point... it was preparation with lime that released the vitamin
    1
  3723. Yes
    1
  3724. Mais tous les etudiants doivent apprendre un peu le francais a l'ecole meme a Vancouver ou j'ai etudie
    1
  3725. The plan was a trilogy, the trilogy is over. Initially I planned to make this video all about thermal properties but I couldn’t resist putting the chocolate bunny demo in the first video - and this is a different scale.
    1
  3726. No, you're amazing! Thank you!
    1
  3727. @1ucasvb Sadly I use virtually everyone I film with. I don't have that much footage. But in this one some people did catch on to what's happening with ice.
    1
  3728. you cannot conclude that unequivocally, but there is not a strong theoretical mechanism for how microwaves of the intensity emitted by household objects can cause cancer and there is also not a solid body of experimental evidence that there is a causal relationship.
    1
  3729. As long as they are HEPA filters, there’s no problem
    1
  3730. Thank you!
    1
  3731. I grew up in Vancouver, and my PhD was on how to make films to teach physics - if you want to see it, google Derek Muller PhD
    1
  3732. The old title was CGP Grey approved. But to be fair to him, he hadn't seen the video. He just thought the title was cool, he didn't understand what the video was about when I textplained it to him.
    1
  3733. @ufopiloot the water has got to be quite pure - so it won't work with all bottled water (or limonade). Plus -18C is quite cold. Might have to leave it in for a shorter time, e.g. 1 hr
    1
  3734. Thank you!
    1
  3735. It's linked in the description...
    1
  3736. The point is that you can construct a statement using a simple rigorous mathematical system that allows you to do basic arithmetic. It’s been 90 years since Gödel’s proof and no one has found a way around it.
    1
  3737. @Mastervitro Troll!
    1
  3738. yes
    1
  3739. and if you average over the day they're obviously net CO2 absorbers.
    1
  3740. Thank you!
    1
  3741. Oh dear! Thoughts go out to those on the East Coast - hope you're well!!
    1
  3742. It doesn't. It just keeps losing mass - but because it's so huge, it's only lost 0.04% of its mass over its 5 billion year life span (which is equivalent to 113 Earths in case you're wondering).
    1
  3743. I calculated it at 32 nanograms. Do you think that should be included?
    1
  3744. Tack!
    1
  3745. Thank you!
    1
  3746. But we were having mechanical problems with the trigger...
    1
  3747. Over the sun's 5 billion year lifetime, it has lost only 0.04% of its mass. It will live another 5 billion years and then turn into a red giant star as it begins fusing helium in its core rather than hydrogen. So its eventual demise won't occur due to running out of mass.
    1
  3748. I'm pretty sure we pump it up from below.
    1
  3749. absolutely. It's a good question, how high would you have to drop it for these effects to become significant. It depends on the shape and density of the object but I would think for most things, the height would have to be greater than 10m for air effects to be noticeable.
    1
  3750. Thank you!
    1
  3751. Thank you!
    1
  3752. I provided a further explanation in the nanotech security from butterflies video, the heisenberg uncertainty principle vid, and there is more coming soon
    1
  3753. Sorry - the hockey one? I’ll find it for you
    1
  3754. Thank you!
    1
  3755. Thank you!
    1
  3756. Danke!
    1
  3757. Thank you!
    1
  3758. Thank you!
    1
  3759. Good question - you'd have to ask the researchers...
    1
  3760. Thank you!
    1
  3761. @ezekiel0920 you should see the dinosaurs that didn't make the cut!
    1
  3762. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed!
    1
  3763. Thank you!
    1
  3764. Over time the sun fuses more protons per second, leading to a greater release of energy per second which pushes the layers of the sun outwards. In 5 billion years, it will run out of hydrogen in the core and start fusing helium, which releases even more energy, increasing the size of the sun so dramatically that it will engulf the Earth. But it will be lighter than it is today - so it will be much less dense (in fact less dense than the atmosphere we breathe).
    1
  3765. Thank you!
    1
  3766. This video is not about EM radiation or antennas. It’s all near field - the wires are essentially capacitors.
    1
  3767. @MrGGGGIO I did more interviews than usual for this one (in Perth and Sydney's botanic gardens). With a bit of prodding, roughly 4 out of 20 got to carbon dioxide - I think these were all in the botanic gardens (so maybe this was a selective sample!). Only one person - a German doctor - gave me CO2 as his first response.
    1
  3768. @Leo413623 Seriously? The jacket? The brand is Arvust, purchased from General Pants in Sydney.
    1
  3769. Thank you!
    1
  3770. Thank you!
    1
  3771. Thank you for doing it! Hope it helps the understanding and it certainly helps the video. I read Sean Carroll's book multiple times while writing the script to make sure I understood all of the nuance because it is subtle.
    1
  3772. Thank you!
    1
  3773. This is a good question, the obvious answer to which is no. The reason I think it's important to see the views of others is because it gives you perspective; your understanding is not that of the majority, and perhaps we should all be talking to the people we know (who may not be as scientifically literate) about their perceptions of science and the universe.
    1
  3774. A core with a mass of 2-3 times our sun will become a black hole...
    1
  3775. it's from TV - and they don't broadcast in HD :(
    1
  3776. No, the wheels are moving the propeller, as explained in the video
    1
  3777. @PlayFastDieLast hmmm, I'm not sure we would be dead if this weren't true.
    1
  3778. which, in itself, is serendipitous ;-)
    1
  3779. @umairanees aha! acceleration doesn't have to be getting faster - it also occurs when you are changing direction. So the acceleration we are talking about here is towards Earth's centre, so the space station is always changing its velocity in such a way that it goes in a circle.
    1
  3780. I think this was a physicist blind spot - I thought it was straightforward so I didn't mention it, but in hindsight I should have put this in the video. Thanks for pointing it out!
    1
  3781. @Lemovogun This is one of my favourite misconceptions in Australia. I can stand in front of my class and ask: what is my acceleration? Roughly half usually say it is -9.8m/s2. 'g' should be seen as a field strength first and an acceleration second (in the special case where the only force acting on an object is gravitational force).
    1
  3782. @theyasin33 I'm Canadian-Australian. The weather is better. Plus Sydney is an awesome city.
    1
  3783. I think a siphon actually requires a gravitational gradient (i.e. siphoning from a higher point to a lower one. And suction is important to get it going.
    1
  3784. Yes it was!! And it's spelled 'Vihart'
    1
  3785. Thank you! Glad to hear!
    1
  3786. Thank you so much for your support! Not illegal at all, never feel guilty for learning :)
    1
  3787. Thank you!
    1
  3788. @werdnativ good question! Just when it crystallizes into ice. Ice has a hexagon crystal structure that means the water molecules are further apart on average than at 4 degrees Celsius (when water is densest)
    1
  3789. Thank you!
    1
  3790. Obrigado!
    1
  3791. Thank you!
    1
  3792. Thank you! That's very kind of you
    1
  3793. Thank you!
    1
  3794. Thank you!
    1
  3795. I knew that was in the works, but is it really gone? I'm proud to have citizenships in the two countries intelligent enough to scrap small change.
    1
  3796. Thank you! That's always the hope!
    1
  3797. Thank you!
    1
  3798. at one point I worked on the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) and yes I would like to talk neutrinos at some point but they are evasive little critters.
    1
  3799. Thank you!
    1
  3800. Can confirm.
    1
  3801. lol. I tried to make them easy to see TBH
    1
  3802. I asked about this but apparently there are practical as well as diplomatic issues with this. First, it would be tough to get the require precision from the ground, especially for small pieces of space junk. There is a risk of breaking one piece into many. Diplomatically if a country started removing objects from orbit using lasers, it could be seen as a problematically powerful technology.
    1
  3803. Were you listening with headphones? I wondered if I missed the audio balance towards the end. Sorry!
    1
  3804. duh duh duhhhh!!
    1
  3805. You mean measure the acceleration of the universe using inertia locally? The trouble is we are not accelerating through space but space is expanding around us at an accelerating rate. To put it another way, if you look at galaxies, they are not getting broken apart because they are held together by gravity. So the space between galaxies is expanding at an accelerating rate but not the galaxies themselves.
    1
  3806. Thank you!
    1
  3807. Danke!
    1
  3808. Thank you!
    1
  3809. Yes dust will settle but also be blown off. So they should reach a steady state as past missions have.
    1
  3810. Thank you!
    1
  3811. In the car frame of reference (FoR) the wheels drive the prop like a fan accelerating air backwards. In a stationary FoR the wheels drive the prop like a fan that slows the tailwind and hence harvests energy from it. The two ways of looking at it are the same description
    1
  3812. you know, it does have something to do with it...
    1
  3813. Thank you! Glad to hear you enjoyed the video!
    1
  3814. Think it took a couple of hours. I'm thinking of doing this again inside a freezer so the temp is kept at 0C
    1
  3815. Thank you! Definitely an issue that needs to be highlighted, glad you enjoyed!
    1
  3816. I made the original and I also did a follow-up with a phantom and some huge slinkies: /watch?v=uiyMuHuCFo4
    1
  3817. heavy one would have a much higher TV - they reach TV when air resistance = weight and air resistance is proportional to v^2 so I suspect in the situation you described the ration of terminal velocities would be equal to the square root of the ratio of their weights (and hence masses).
    1
  3818. troll!
    1
  3819. The electron has some spatial extent due to its wave nature, but if you try to find its actual size, there is no lower limit.
    1
  3820. Thank you!
    1
  3821. Thank you!
    1
  3822. I'd be surprised if it were only 20% ;)
    1
  3823. it's actually a reference to something...
    1
  3824. interesting ideas but you should check out the answer video - no valves are involved.
    1
  3825. Thank you!
    1
  3826. nuts and bolts are generally too large to be subject to the uncertainty principle. Kidding! But this is the first in a series of videos that I hope will tackle the nature of light.
    1
  3827. no it's not. I think I've approved your response already
    1
  3828. Was definitely one of the inspirations
    1
  3829. it's good that people discuss it because otherwise they'd never change their views. I find it interesting that commenters are excited about air resistance, when the unevenness of the ground and our inability to let go of both balls simultaneously are likely larger sources of difference in the time to hit the ground.
    1
  3830. Yeah, I’m always trying to capture the essence of the video and figure out the best title. Sensing magnetic fields doesn’t indicate I mean the small geomagnetic field...
    1
  3831. Thank you!
    1
  3832. thanks Teale. I was bothered by the opening shot too. (and I only did one take!) for the rest I felt like it was reasonable steady - I was just tired of the fixed tripod look, and I thought it also made me less conversational when the camera was on a tripod. I tried stabilising filters in post but I didn't like the look of them... anyway, appreciate the comment.
    1
  3833. Thanks for letting me know - I'm trying to post weekly on Mondays but I haven't been that consistent just yet. Check back next Wednesday.
    1
  3834. @TheJTHD It's Jason Mraz's 'I'm Yours' but with science lyrics - check out the music vid /watch?v=DBjZz0iQrzI
    1
  3835. It is radiation hardened, but still not immune to but flips.
    1
  3836. @Ganonn360 close to correct- but you're using my incorrect second law! (F=mv) rather than the correct F=ma. But you're right, the car will accelerate much more than the truck for the same amount of force because the car has much less inertia.
    1
  3837. Thank you!
    1
  3838. Different language requirements from different legal teams
    1
  3839. I love that research, would like to do more on that.
    1
  3840. My pleasure! I’m glad this made it click
    1
  3841. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed!
    1
  3842. Antivenom program is working well.
    1
  3843. Those are the sorts of patterns I was initially looking for!
    1
  3844. SPANGLER!!! *shakes fist*
    1
  3845. that's what 2veritasium is
    1
  3846. Drew has to check your work but Gun will help out a lot too. In my 3 hour college exams I usually had to go to the bathroom once and I found in those moments when I wasn’t thinking about the test Gun would chime in with a helpful bit of info for a question I had been stuck on.
    1
  3847. Only one person knew - he was a chemistry lecturer from Scotland and he is in the vid.
    1
  3848. Thank you! No you're the best!
    1
  3849. Thank you!
    1
  3850. Hmmm... knowledge is a tough one. I don't know that it can really be quantized. Digital information could be - with the quantum being a bit, but then it's debatable if one bit really counts as a quantum of information.
    1
  3851. but how can it be more than an atmosphere?
    1
  3852. Thank you!
    1
  3853. Perfectly valid criticism. My editor produced a version where he tried to sweeten the audio so the clipping wasn’t as noticeable. I thought it sounded like I was underwater so I reverted to the original audio. I’m not sure what went wrong when filming but I’ll definitely turn down my preamp before shooting the next one
    1
  3854. Thank you!
    1
  3855. Or I need to get better at making titles and thumbnails. I am working on it.
    1
  3856. Thank you!
    1
  3857. Thank you!
    1
  3858. yeah, there is a copyrighted piece of music near the end. I'm thinking about cutting it out and reposting it...
    1
  3859. Thank you!
    1
  3860. @hiperson641 I'm not sure but my bet is it would be much the same.
    1
  3861. Dude, you obviously know other car companies exist. I don’t have to list them for you to draw your own conclusions
    1
  3862. Thank you so much for your support!
    1
  3863. Take that Grey!
    1
  3864. @Nathanchooper great question - hopefully I'll do a vid on this at some point. Do you have a guess?
    1
  3865. Think they fly from Florida and Vegas...
    1
  3866. Díky!
    1
  3867. The studies are in reputable peer reviewed journals and there are third party studies that corroborate their findings. The shampoo does not modify your genes but by changing the environment (slowing fungi metabolism) it does change how much certain genes are expressed. If I had doubts about the science, I wouldn’t have put it in the video.
    1
  3868. Thank you!
    1
  3869. @bigglessy It only weights 2.5 tons. I'm not sure about the pressure but you could probably work it out.
    1
  3870. Thank you! Will do!
    1
  3871. We agree what matters is how you process the information, but that is affected by what the teacher does.
    1
  3872. Haha I hope it was useful!
    1
  3873. The series for area converges onto a value, but the series for the perimeter does not converge, so the area really is finite while the perimeter is not.
    1
  3874. Thank you!
    1
  3875. Aging happens to us all... having two kids definitely accelerated the process 😂
    1
  3876. @MrPeeepe The Koch curve is not a convergent series. The coastline might because the level of detail is finite.
    1
  3877. Ignorant in English can just mean uninformed, but it also tends to have the second meaning as well. I guess it depends on context: "you are so ignorant!" would be offensive, but "I was ignorant of the fact," is an admission of lacking info
    1
  3878. Thank you!
    1
  3879. I actually think this is a good point. I didn't mention details but I had two pees which likely accounted for at least 500g if not 750g of the total. An adult bladder has a capacity up to 600mL, which would have a mass of 600g
    1
  3880. I think a) is more significant than you think and b) and c) are less significant. In fact, some trees live in places where the osmotic pressure is not in their favour so they need extra pressure to gain water against osmosis. I don't think capillary forces are significant because the size of the tubes ~.02 mm should only support a water column ~0.7m high.
    1
  3881. I like that. My concern is a lot of people don’t know what cosmic rays are…
    1
  3882. Yes a tree produces CO2 but it absorbs more than it emits. It doesn't help to be technically right if you get the big picture wrong.
    1
  3883. @xzSTRELOKzx density = mass/volume
    1
  3884. the opposing magnetic fields of the two coils...
    1
  3885. @WolfClant This is a good question, and the answer is yes IF they are not moving at all perpendicular to the axis that connects them. But a lot of things are moving perpendicular to the axis that joins them so they orbit rather than colliding with each other.
    1
  3886. @nicmobass Actually not necessarily. A few people said something like this. The forces don't *need* to be equal for the moon to stay in its orbit, but they are. I think this idea comes from thinking that there are two forces on the moon which are balanced (one pulling in, the other pushing out). This idea is incorrect! There is only one force on the moon and it's towards the Earth. It makes the moon accelerate towards the Earth, but the moon never gets closer for the same reason astronauts orbit
    1
  3887. Your confusion in B. is totally understandable because this goes against our experience of the world (not to mention sounding crazy). If something travelled through your room at very high speed, say c/2, it would take up less space (in your frame of ref) than if it were at rest. This is necessary so that both you and it would measure the same speed of light.
    1
  3888. nope - those would have been holographic - made from much larger structures on the scale of micrometres. Creating the nanoscale master is the tough/expensive part with this tech, which is what would make it so difficult to forge.
    1
  3889. to an extent I'm told everyone's saliva is slightly toxic. One of the experts mentioned prisoners injecting themselves with their own saliva in order to be sent to the infirmary.
    1
  3890. @godlikerefugee Don't you dare! You know the rant that will unleash!!
    1
  3891. not so! That's the founder of ScienceAlert fascebook page
    1
  3892. Scary sci-fi movie
    1
  3893. Thank you!
    1
  3894. @AtmanIncarnate Excellent! I'm betting you've seen my post on Khan Academy and the Effectiveness of Science Videos?
    1
  3895. 😉
    1
  3896. zing! I think it might be but perhaps you just need more backstory.
    1
  3897. Thank you!
    1
  3898. Thank you!
    1
  3899. that's what I do to myself for my subs. I was obsessed with doing this video and doing it right, and it compromised some of my sleep.
    1
  3900. it's 'stalker' and the email addy is veritasium (at) gmail (dot) com
    1
  3901. @TheIPODtouchFanboy If you do the math for farts, you will see that it is relatively insignificant. Even if you were releasing 100 litres of gas a night (as @Khorask is), the mass loss is around 100g.
    1
  3902. Danke schön!
    1
  3903. Thank you so much! Glad to see that the video got you thinking and you enjoyed it!
    1
  3904. thank you!
    1
  3905. fear not, there was a harness under my shirt.
    1
  3906. I'm not sure exactly what you've done, but consider an energy analysis: set gravitational potential energy = spring energy at full extension: mg(l+x) = 0.5*kx^2 [x is the extension, and l is the length of unstretched chord] then 2mg=kx - 2mgl/x; now if l=0, 2mg = kx but if l>0, kx must be bigger than 2mg. That is a must be >g at the bottom
    1
  3907. I mean they have published papers in reputable scientific journals plus prescription strength products for worse cases...
    1
  3908. That's amazing to hear, thank you! Glad you enjoyed!
    1
  3909. believe it or not, the audio was recorded crisp, and that effect was added afterwards to make it seem like I was actually in space, same with the dodgy visual effects. I may post another version on 2veritasium where I strip off the destructive filters.
    1
  3910. Thank you!
    1
  3911. Fixed - thank you!
    1
  3912. Thanks for the support, glad you enjoyed it!
    1
  3913. Right - almost all supermassive black holes are in other galaxies
    1
  3914. It would help if he pinned it.
    1
  3915. @Badon124 thank you!
    1
  3916. It would take the same time to propagate as light, so yes 8.5 minutes.
    1
  3917. @hareboosch it's actually a stock music clip that comes with final cut pro. It's called 'pendulum'
    1
  3918. Thank you!
    1
  3919. @Greg Greg ok 99.99
    1
  3920. For the story behind this video, join us on Patreon! https://www.patreon.com/posts/story-behind-why-111001157?utm_medium=clipboard_copy&utm_source=copyLink&utm_campaign=postshare_creator&utm_content=join_link
    1
  3921. even at 240 miles (by the space station) the guy would fall back to Earth - he needs to have orbital velocity of 28,000 km/h which he wouldn't have (without one heck of a jet pack).
    1
  3922. definitely! when I'm back in Oz
    1
  3923. Are you listening with headphones? I never noticed either because my speakers aren’t that good or my ears aren’t that good...
    1
  3924. Xièxiè!
    1
  3925. This would work upwind for sure.
    1
  3926. the Earth is this way. I've been all over it and found it's much the same wherever I go. More evidence coming up in the next few vids. It's just that people don't think about these things much. That's what I like to do - ask questions that most people never consider.
    1
  3927. Thank you!
    1
  3928. They are in the title - it updates dynamically
    1
  3929. what you think is green may actually be cyan.
    1
  3930. you would keep it basically the same as it is, just lock it down to a certain number of decimal places and make it an exact value
    1
  3931. the funny thing about the moon is that it has no atmosphere. so in fact you couldn't suck at all, assuming the container with liquid was on the surface of the moon, and you were inside your space suit. If you had a little hole in your mask so you could fit a straw - the only thing that would happen is air would escape from your suit, blowing bubbles in the liquid.
    1
  3932. yes they can, mainly when a quark anti-quark pair pop into existence and then out again.
    1
  3933. @mreueujj1 This is an interesting question. I think it was Kelvin who first tried to estimate the age of the Earth by considering the rate of cooling and the present temperature. His estimate was about 20-40 million years, a lot younger than the 4.5 billion years we believe it is nowadays. What Kelvin didn't know about is radioactivity - there are atoms in the Earth decaying and releasing energy, continuing to heat the Earth.
    1
  3934. you'll find it is not all in the left, it's just left heavy. I'm not really sure why - it's a problem between my video camera and editing gear.
    1
  3935. Over this distance air resistance wouldn't change the outcome even under more careful measurement. I think the interesting question would be how high would the balls need to be dropped in order for wind resistance to make a difference.
    1
  3936. Thank you!
    1
  3937. but fat is not converted into heat! It is converted into other molecules with exactly the same mass - some of those are water molecules, which can be sweated, breathed, or peed out, others are CO2 that is breathed out.
    1
  3938. Thank you!
    1
  3939. @plasmabhai an asymmetric distribution of matter would give rise to rotation. As the sun formed there was swirling dust around it which eventually clumped together to form planets and moons. Gravity is the force responsible for this clumping but it doesn't affect the angular momentum of the raw materials. I was trying to counter the belief expressed by some that either a) the spin of the Earth is what gives us gravity or b) that gravity keeps the Earth spinning.
    1
  3940. Thank you!
    1
  3941. Thank you!
    1
  3942. Thank you!
    1
  3943. Thank you so much! Glad to hear the impact the video had on you!
    1
  3944. Thank you so much for your kind words! Glad you enjoy the content <3
    1
  3945. Thank you!
    1
  3946. Dziękujemy!
    1
  3947. it got delayed... it's coming
    1
  3948. Grazie!
    1
  3949. I was there this year, where were you?!
    1
  3950. Thank you!
    1
  3951. @AandKCarrigan First, 150g of water is less than 20g per hour, much of this breathed out as moist air, so no you would not expect to wake up in a puddle. Second, heat doesn't weigh anything (well according to Einstein's E=mc2, using 100 J/s for eight hours = 32 nano grams)
    1
  3952. Correct!
    1
  3953. I'm in Munich and I'm a little under the weather. I have footage to edit but I'm going to rest up - posted this to keep things rolling and the original only has ~15k views
    1
  3954. They stay there in the core for a long time (~5 billion years) at which point the core of the star has little hydrogen left, contracts, heats up, and starts fusing helium into bigger elements like carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. It's useful for us that stars do this because those are the building blocks of life. It's where you began if you trace back your atoms.
    1
  3955. Thank you!
    1
  3956. Thank you!
    1
  3957. I respectfully disagree. I mentioned the t-shirt which was long overdue, and gave a shout-out to audible at the end which anyone can click off.
    1
  3958. Thank you!
    1
  3959. It's funny, I had extensive discussion about this word after I wrote the script. I think unknowledgeable is a simple, straightforward word but others thought it was cumbersome. Well it's the way I would naturally say it...
    1
  3960. @paulcmnt You can stop it if you try (it's in either this video or 'Part 2'). But the inertia is so great and the forces so small that it can spin for long periods with very little slowing.
    1
  3961. pretty sure it was mathematica
    1
  3962. Thank you!
    1
  3963. @Buzz3023 This is a good question. I would say it's because the frictional forces on the adult are less of a percentage of their weight compared to the kid. But perhaps it would be best to do the experiment.
    1
  3964. Thank you!
    1
  3965. Thank you!
    1
  3966. @petey19d No, no, no! the force is different but the acceleration is not. The accelerations are exactly the same. Air resistance also has virtually zero effect on this scale.
    1
  3967. FYI I'm aware the video response has nothing to do with the spinning tube but this is the first video response I got so I thought why not?
    1
  3968. So glad to hear thank you!
    1
  3969. @0001robm I don't know if it's really a trick - the force acts only towards the centre of the Earth - and the velocity of an orbiting object is at 90 degrees to this force. Hence the force can't slow it down - only change its direction. Other forces can (and do) slow satellites down like a bit of friction with the few molecules very high up in Earth's atmosphere. In which case they need a little boost from time to time to increase their altitude and stop them 'spiralling down the drain'
    1
  3970. yeah Eastish
    1
  3971. @TiagoTiagoT 32 nanograms
    1
  3972. Isn't it awesome? Though to be fair, this was shot on a stretch of road south-west of Melbourne.
    1
  3973. @st08st08 correct.
    1
  3974. Thank you!
    1
  3975. have you seen the Invade London Launch video?
    1
  3976. That video is my first this year that will hit 10M views within a month...
    1
  3977. Thank you! Us too, hopefully new innovations will work with us in the future rather than against us.
    1
  3978. @dpugh76 You're right I think this analogy may be in quite a few sources though I saw it in Dawkins (or was it Asimov?). Bill Bryson has a good 24 hour day analogy. There are so many good ones out there, I just wanted to convey the idea that millions of years are not enough for all the events in Earth's history.
    1
  3979. Nope.
    1
  3980. Thank you!
    1
  3981. ViHart is awesome. Goes without saying.
    1
  3982. ¡Gracias!
    1
  3983. @JABRANE4 answer: no.
    1
  3984. @SurprisedOwl In time... physics is my home turf but I would like to do more chem and biology.
    1
  3985. Lawrence Krauss has a new book out called "A Universe From Nothing" - check it out
    1
  3986. The real problem with that video is an accurate description is difficult and boring to read: Can a wind-powered car travel faster than the wind downwind?
    1
  3987. Thank you!
    1
  3988. thank you for the support!
    1
  3989. Thank you!
    1
  3990. Thank you!
    1
  3991. I think people have a fairly good idea of what a force is and I think this is what they're actually talking about. Fields are much less well understood.
    1
  3992. @UnknownXV Actually your hand shouldn't melt or burn if you touch a hot object with poor heat transfer properties (of course most very hot objects will transfer heat to you fast enough for you to burn).
    1
  3993. yes, yes they do - but as you can see the bitly links allow me to track how many people pick each one. Regardless of your prediction I'm betting you just want to see what happens.
    1
  3994. he doesn't have one :( But if he did, I'd sub
    1
  3995. Thank you!
    1
  3996. Thank you! Spread the word!!
    1
  3997. It’s coming from the air but the wheels drive the propeller. There’s a kind of leverage going on because if you’re going 10km/h in a 10km/h tailwind, the wheels are moving over the ground at 10km/h but the prop is moving through air at 0km/h. So it doesn’t take much energy to get the prop moving at low speed through the air, this allows you to go faster than the wind…
    1
  3998. I got the idea from a story about a frog and a torch in a book by David Deutsch called "The Fabric of Reality" as noted in the description. Good book.
    1
  3999. Thank you, glad you enjoyed!
    1
  4000. @5ezgin unfortunately, no, it's a bit of a one way street. If you want to think of it this way - oxygen is a tree's way of getting carbon out of us so it can use it for itself. Only when we eat a plant, ingesting its sugars, do we gain mass back from plants.
    1
  4001. @godlikerefugee @Dixavd there are some planets that spin very little. e.g. Venus, which doesn't even complete two rotations for every orbit of the sun (its year is less than two of its days long)
    1
  4002. Thank you!
    1
  4003. look, the first one said it was a trilogy. This is the end of the trilogy.
    1
  4004. Don't be sad - you should be thrilled about all the existing episodes you can watch! And if it helps I'm happy to have you as a new sub :-)
    1
  4005. Yeah I doubted this but I didn't want to categorically deny it just in case. I lived in Canada for most of my life and never saw it. Then again, I was almost always in cities where the light pollution would have obscured it even if it were there.
    1
  4006. scientists I talk to imagine that it will become practical 15 years or so down the road, which is about the same timeline as from the invention of the transistor to the first basic transistor computers.
    1
  4007. Thank you!
    1
  4008. Thank you!
    1
  4009. Thank you! That's a really cool observation!
    1
  4010. @spudzedex what are you trying to say? I'm working on the solution vid right now
    1
  4011. Drew is what I consider my inner speech. I can’t imagine not having words
    1
  4012. air resistance is proportional to velocity squared. Regardless, over this distance velocity is so low and air resistance so negligible that you would get far greater errors due to slightly different drop times or a slightly uneven ground surface.
    1
  4013. Thank you!
    1
  4014. Thank you!
    1
  4015. And would you have learned as much?
    1
  4016. Very heavy
    1
  4017. Thank you!
    1
  4018. Nope, the gluons are massless. Energy has mass, irrespective of the Higgs field.
    1
  4019. I did this about a year ago and then it got picked up for this TV spot. Hopefully this version is new and improved.
    1
  4020. Thank you!
    1
  4021. As have you.
    1
  4022. @toolache you're right in that over time radiation shielding at say a nuclear reactor becomes radioactive and so it must be disposed of appropriately when the plant is decommissioned. This is normally due to neutron radiation more than alpha or beta.
    1
  4023. Thank you!
    1
  4024. Thank you! Wow, sounds very cool, hope you manage to work out how it went again :)
    1
  4025. Thank you!
    1
  4026. Thank you! Glad to hear you enjoyed, he is amazing!
    1
  4027. Jeremy Chen it means truth-ium...
    1
  4028. Thank you for your support, that's great to hear!
    1
  4029. coal power plants account for a percent of radiation because they burn coal which contains radioactive atoms, which then travel through the atmosphere to you and decay. You'd receive much less near a nuclear power station.
    1
  4030. I would say the scale is not the best - they should be able to read the same on every surface, but I imagine when you're on carpet the plate you stand on may rub against the side of the scale so friction may come into play.
    1
  4031. Sure but that’s missing the forest for the trees
    1
  4032. Thank you!
    1
  4033. Thank you!
    1
  4034. Roughly twice. Newtonian calculations assume light experiences gravity like a tiny particle (mass is irrelevant since it cancels out).
    1
  4035. Valeu!
    1
  4036. 2 things: 1) although using a vacuum pump the area is irrelevant, for a human the total force also matters because it pulls your tongue into the tube etc. 2) thinner tubes are more forgiving if you let the pressure drop a little (e.g. when breathing out) the water doesn't fall as far as fast as with a wider tube
    1
  4037. Thank you so much!
    1
  4038. I did the calculation once and I think found that the sun has used about .04% of its mass in the last 4.6 billion years
    1
  4039. Danke!
    1
  4040. The original video said “you won’t get the full voltage of the battery straight away. It will be some fraction that depends on the impedance of the lines and the impedance of the bulb”. For the record, the bulb I showed in that first video is rated at 12V but turns on at 2V
    1
  4041. haha, I'll be back for the Y12 holiday course at the end of this month.
    1
  4042. To cover the pool in a few layers
    1
  4043. Think it’s in the description
    1
  4044. I annotated to the answer video at the end and in the description.
    1
  4045. as far as we can tell, they are not made of anything smaller
    1
  4046. @RSign321 Yes.
    1
  4047. Derek!
    1
  4048. Thank you! Glad you enjoyed!
    1
  4049. how much is air resistance over this distance really? why not mention the fact that you can't drop the balls exactly simultaneously, or that the ground is not perfectly level. I think both of these factors would play a larger role in one ball landing first.
    1
  4050. Well now it's the law of conservation of mass-energy
    1
  4051. Oh dear. If there are questions, leave them for me and I will make a Q&A vid on 2Ve
    1
  4052. People would have figured it out. And I want to respect his privacy.
    1
  4053. Danke!
    1
  4054. I don't think the goal is to make that many - they want to deal with the most problematic pieces of debris first. Plus it's a proof of concept mission. After this they may expand on the idea to collect more than one piece of junk with every launch.
    1
  4055. Thank you so much for your support!
    1
  4056. Thank you!
    1
  4057. Watch it! Watch it now!!
    1
  4058. Thank you!
    1
  4059. This is a mix of course but all the science is backed by peer reviewed research.
    1
  4060. they actually contemplated using it underneath the space shuttle heat shield so if there was any damage to the outer shield (as there was with Columbia) then aerogel would be a final line of defense for the structure. They didn't end up going through with it though.
    1
  4061. The video took longer than expected to get right...
    1
  4062. Thank you!
    1
  4063. @TehJayden You don't like the songs and I bet you're not the only one. But here's the thing, other people enjoy the songs so I'm going to keep doing them and you can choose not to watch those ones.
    1
  4064. majority of the American population? I wouldn't be so sure - not because they are Americans, but because they are people, and people seem to consistently err when it comes to this question regardless of whether it was "covered" in grade six or not.
    1
  4065. Thank you! Thanks to donations and support like yours we can, thank you again!
    1
  4066. Maybe I should change the title, but CGP Grey told me this was the best title by far...
    1
  4067. It’s a different type of oil
    1
  4068. point taken - if you up the frequency of the AC, you might be able to move it beyond the audible range for most guests. The frequency here was 1800 Hz
    1
  4069. In LA, Santa Monica mountains
    1
  4070. The pizza slicer really didn’t work...
    1
  4071. Have you seen my video called "BrainSTEM"? If not, check it out!
    1
  4072. My pleasure!
    1
  4073. Point taken, but a. this is the most common type of transistor in use today, and b. putting MOSFET in the title makes it less catchy
    1
  4074. Ampere is actually defined based on the force between two infinite parallel wires. Weird huh?
    1
  4075. He rocks!
    1
  4076. Thank you!
    1
  4077. @JTK12893 Rolling stones 'Can't always get what you want' coming soon, plus Santana's 'Smooth' - if you haven't heard it yet, check out the songs link in the top menu of veritasium(dot)com
    1
  4078. because she is! Check out my latest video for more details...
    1
  4079. why do you say that? And do you mean accurate or reliable? I tried a couple times standing on the scale, then getting off, and the weight reading never fluctuated by more than 50g. Plus I repeated the experiment every night for a week and got roughly the same mass loss every night. I would say the scale was accurate and reliable.
    1
  4080. Google price of guano 1850 and price of gold. I have gold at about $20/ounce
    1
  4081. Thank you!
    1
  4082. the aluminium plate is conducting heat *away* from the ice cube? Making it colder? So why would it be melting? Heat is always transferred from the warmer body to the cooler one. The reason a fridge works is because inside the fridge is colder than the food you put in it.
    1
  4083. That’s the diffraction limit. For two slit interference you need the two slits to be separated by a distance on the order of a wavely
    1
  4084. it's actually e²=(mc²)²+(pc)²
    1
  4085. Thank you!
    1
  4086. and this is why a billion of them coupled together makes a computer.
    1
  4087. Thank you!
    1
  4088. I think it’s worth people understanding the scale of the effect. The right title and thumbnail can mean 10x the views over average ones
    1
  4089. I think the latter - though I did have some slow periods when the kids were born and when I was making documentaries.
    1
  4090. Thank you!
    1
  4091. Thank you!
    1
  4092. Danke!
    1
  4093. done.
    1
  4094. Thank you!
    1
  4095. That’s why people used to think it was a miracle. And I can’t blame them.
    1
  4096. so I should have said inside a spacecraft
    1
  4097. Video responses are no longer an option :( You can contact me in comments, via twitter or email. But there's only one 's' in Veritasium. That's the truth ;)
    1
  4098. Thank you!
    1
  4099. Danke!
    1
  4100. @MyogenicsFitness Correct, you would breath out more CO2 during the day than at night because you are doing more movement.
    1
  4101. Thank you!
    1
  4102. Dude, there’s a link to the paper in the description. I believe the analysis was even conducted blind to avoid contamination. Strong responders were brought in for multiple sessions separated by months and produced similar results every time.
    1
  4103. we rip out their eyes and then test them with very faint light and electrical equipment.
    1
  4104. Thank you!
    1
  4105. yup!
    1
  4106. Even pure water can be different depending on its relative abundance of different isotopes, e.g. H-2, O-18 etc. So what type of pure water would you want to use? There is something called Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW) which is meant to be representative of the water on Earth, but then when you try to make a cubic decimetre of it, some will be vapour above the container, some will evaporate etc. It's a very tricky problem.
    1
  4107. Thank you!
    1
  4108. Thank you!
    1
  4109. Most glass absorbs/reflects at least some of the UV light. UV does interact with some materials differently to visible light due to its shorter wavelength (just as radio waves interact with objects differently due to their longer wavelength). Quartz glass is a special kind of glass that doesn't absorb UV.
    1
  4110. Thank you! Glad to have had your continued support over the years!
    1
  4111. Thank you!
    1
  4112. Camp Cove, which is by South Head, at the entrance to Sydney harbour.
    1
  4113. Thank you!
    1
  4114. @pabloecs soon... very soon...
    1
  4115. my first couple I hit my head on the roof of the train.
    1
  4116. @ramblingrich that's the UV - visible light it ok.
    1
  4117. It really depends on the size of the triangles and the distance to the wall. You can make a triangle shape with just one piece of card if you place it close to the wall and/or if the hole is large compared to the distance to the wall.
    1
  4118. actually he wasn't. But it wasn't all done in one breath - you just try to maintain the pressure in your mouth as you breathe out and then breathe in again.
    1
  4119. watch it again! I'm also planning a response to frequently asked questions on this video. It will go on 2veritasium so subscribe to that channel if you haven't already.
    1
  4120. ¡Gracias!
    1
  4121. yeah that was a bit of bad luck hey?
    1
  4122. yes, because their positions are only being specified extremely accurately in this dimension.
    1
  4123. @ckorweng1 Please refer to my video "Why Does the Moon Orbit Earth?" /watch?v=zN6kCa6xi9k
    1
  4124. nope, I think you could just do them. But if you still feel the need for permission, then go forth I say, and interview away.
    1
  4125. quite right! this is my bad. I should add an annotation in there.
    1
  4126. I like Darwin and Turing too. So many good options!
    1
  4127. maybe you just really like this channel ;-) Or I'm being overactive today.
    1
  4128. ありがとうございます！
    1
  4129. Apologies! I have an awesome new one in the pipeline but the editing is taking a while. It was either post this or miss a week.
    1
  4130. Thank you!
    1
  4131. Thank you!
    1
  4132. Did you see at the end how amazed he was about realising what caused the different colors? That's why I added that little bit at the beginning.
    1
  4133. Thank you!
    1
  4134. Thank you! Comments like these make ours!
    1
  4135. Thank you so much!
    1
  4136.  @Fuzzycat16  this is how I feel.
    1
  4137.  @dglukesluthier  I agree things will be worse for everyone, but oil is so fundamental to our ways of life, which is why it's so hard to get away from. I mean plastic, gasoline, jet fuel, just to name a few ubiquitous example. My hope is that demand for oil falls over time so it becomes less profitable and crashes as we find other ways of making the things we use.
    1
  4138. My son loved the narrow slices 🤷🏻‍♂️
    1
  4139. Thank you!
    1
  4140. @epicdista Let's say neither. A job pays and a hobby sounds like an amateur pastime. Veritasium is a passion.
    1
  4141. hmm... I don't know, but it would be interesting - I filmed it in free-fall a number of times which roughly amounts to the same thing.
    1
  4142. @robbymontague Thank you!
    1
  4143. It’s a construction, like Turing contemplating what happens to the halting machine fed its own input. The point is that the statement can be constructed in any system that allows you to do basic arithmetic. And it is demonstrably unprovable.
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  4144. I wanted to add a section with Prof. Lenski where he says with his bacteria they notice a lot of the mutations seem to occur on the same genes across the different populations. He says a similar thing seems to pop up with covid - similar or the same mutation popping up in different places around the world.
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  4145. I hear you.
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  4146. Video is many images. So yes you can recover sound from images. As soon as you write ‘sound from video...’ the obvious answer is yes because video records audio too.
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  4147. yes!
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  4148. I actually did this and it didn't go well. I can show you the video proof on 2Ve
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  4149. Thank you!
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  4150. Thank you!
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  4151. wasn't it? I'm a bit annoyed about that actually. I think the trouble was really filling up the drum with steam. Inside I was using an electric heater, which I don't think works as well. Plus the big drum was just tough to get to go at all.
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  4152. what's more problematic is just having a human at low pressure. Tiny nitrogen bubbles in your blood would become bigger and this would lead to a version of 'the bends' the affliction that affects divers when they surface too quickly.
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  4153. Thank you!
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  4154. Actually not true - Grey was in the front seat, passenger side. The guy to my left was Chris Cassella, creator of ScienceAlert on facebook
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  4155. @TheQKam soon... it's coming.
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  4156. Well... that maybe the simplest idea of quantizing a gravitational field is off - and hey, they haven’t found a way for the theories to play nice yet so maybe this is one of the reasons?
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  4157. haha trimming the beard does wonders.
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  4158. Guten tag!
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  4159. Thank you!
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  4160. make me a video response!
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  4161. Tell me about it!
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  4162. Correct, as I explain in the video, it is geared to the wheels to spin in the opposite direction - it turns like a fan.
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  4163. that's meant to be the mass number of the element
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  4164. Australian Open! That's a must.
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  4165. Good spotting! I was only in Copenhagen for a day and I was helped out greatly by a guy named Thomas, who showed me around the science museum and the city. Thanks Thomas!
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  4166. Thank you!
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  4167. @SicTransitGloria1982 Over a vast height the objects get moving very fast and so air resistance becomes significant. This air resistance slows the soccer ball more because it is a greater fraction of the soccer ball's weight than the cannonballs - check out my Chain Drop for another variation.
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  4168. to me the poison is intermittent interruptions, not a considered and nuanced take on the events of the world that I can enjoy for an hour or two once a week.
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  4169. Thank you!
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