Comments by "Scott Franco" (@scottfranco1962) on "Technology Connections" channel.

  1. Note: a big advantage of solid state/semiconductor relays is that they can switch an AC voltage at its zero point. That is, it can watch the line voltage reach zero in the cycle, and switch at the zero point, effectively breaking the circuit when there is no current whatsoever flowing.
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  2. The basic reason why heat pumps are more efficient is simple: it is easier (less energy) to MOVE heat than to MAKE heat. Also, the freezing problem has a simple answer. Place the outside coils underground where it does not freeze. This works everywhere from Arizona to the arctic, and has the added advantage that the outside unit needs no fan and makes no noise. Alas, this obvious solution while used, is not that popular because many local governments suffer from severe head-stuck-in-posterior disease and don't generally permit such installations because they don't want to encourage deep digging (you might hit something).
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  3.  @jacksons1010  " I was expecting Tesla to use open standards." when the other standards are inferior, you don't have to. Also, Tesla standards ARE open. Tesla shares the design.
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  4.  @jacksons1010  Why? Tesla has offered to give the technology free to other makers, and to share their charger network if the other makers will help pay for it. What more were you expecting?
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  5.  @jfbeam  Yea, semiconductors tend to fuse closed, unlike most circuit boards, which tend to fuse open, or, as you say, contacts, which tend to fuse closed. When I worked in ICs we had a failure analysis presentation that showed why, complete with photos. Silicon... well, it melts with enough current. It forms a nice runny, and very conductive, river of molten silicon for an instant. I imagine that is right before it forms a miniature explosion. You kids won't remember, but we used to have UV erasable EPROMs with little windows in them. If you plugged them in backwards, cause, you know, stupid, or on purpose, you got a nice little light show. This probably accounted for the fact that bad ones never got kept around. They were too much fun to plug in backwards.
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  6. The Canadians have power coming to each carport, because if you don't plug your car in up there, it's dead in the morning. The power is for the car heater. So obviously it can be done if people want to/need to.
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  7. "boiling point of water is arbitrary in Celsius"... Yes, it is. Its 64 in hex.
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  8. You didn't cover the principle problem with deploying GFCIs everywhere, like the main panel. Many motors trip them. The problem is the motor windings can absorb enough current to look like an imbalance for long enough to trip the GFCI.
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  9.  @TheBackyardChemist  Do tell. I know it changes the waveform around, but it still has a zero crossing?
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  10. Because it is a looser. Elon said it best, your car is not plugged in at home when you need the battery power, and anyways you would be taking charge from the car that you need to drive it. Better to have a dedicated battery for your house.
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  11. I have had a Tesla since 2018, and a Bolt since 2017. I have two chargers, one Tesla at 48 amps and one J1772 at 30 amps. They are on individual drops from the panel, so they can both be used at the same time. I rarely use the Tesla charger now, because I get a charge for free at work, so why not. I could do a bunch of calculation to get the best range, or I could do what I do, which is just drive fast and don't worry about it. There are Tesla chargers everywhere in California, so its rare I need to extend range. 275 Kw chargers are common here, and non-Tesla chargers are here at 350 Kw, yes, more than Tesla. You can get a charge in 15 minutes, but frankly I rarely do that. Even just stopping for coffee more than covers 20-30 minutes. Even at my wasteful use of power, it cost $20 for the trip I just made from San Francisco to LA. Try that with a gas car. The point is, charge fast, drive fast, be happy. EVs at WORST are far better than gas cars at their BEST. And everyone is going to be driving that way in their EVs very soon anyways.
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  12. Ground and neutral SHOULD NOT BE CONFUSED. Like ever. As in never.
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  13.  @giacintoboccia9386  Which is why many people confuse ground and neutral ("hey, they go to the same place right?"). Ground and neutral are connected at the main panel, but NOT subpanels. To discuss why ground and neutral are NOT the same would take a whole 'nuther video (hey there is a video suggestion for technology connections). The short answer is that neutral is the center tap of the transformer on the pole next to your house, and ground is, well, ground! As in there is a wire that attaches to a copper rod driven into the ground, or your cold water pipe if that goes underground for an appreciable length (in most modern houses it in fact does not anymore). Can you get shocked by a neutral? Why yes you can. In fact, getting shocked by a neutral is one way (the hard way) to find out that, surprise! Ground and neutral are not in fact the same thing.
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  14. So how do off-the-shelf LED lights work? I assumed that they are RGB combined LEDs, but you are saying that would look unnatural. So how do bright white consumer LED bulbs work?
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  15. I had a 100 amp panel with an outside breakered feed. I added another 100 amp subpanel, thus 200 amps total. Most homes can do this. So no issue.
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  16. The Ampex spiral recording method was one of the pure feats of genius in the postwar era. Bing crosby heard about it and invested huge amounts of his personal fortune in the technology, resulting in his becoming very wealthy.
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  17. Please go read a book before you answer next time.
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  18. Dude this is turning into your obsession. Relax, its over.
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  19. Sort of. You could have a simple plunger arm do the job if they could STANDARDIZE the placement of the port, or even better yet, come up from the ground and drive over it.
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  20. You realize that a generation growing up with only LCD screens is going to consider this to be an irrelevant artifact of history.
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  21. As another video went into, the air does not just come through the walls. Most or all homes are built with an expansion gap between the sheet rock on the walls and the framing/joists. It is there to prevent the sheetrock from cracking due to expansion. Those gaps add up - you probably have more than a square foot of total space that comes from the outside. But outside.... where? exactly? There is the rub. Most commonly the outside is the attic, and the pathway into the house is through the walls and into the rooms via the various electrical and other outlets. In fact on some houses you can even see a trail of dirt next to an outlet from years of such "negative pressure" ventilation. You are drawing air that is dirty and dust filled from your attic into the house.
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  22. I used GE circle lamps long before CFLs came around. The real problem is that the lamps were hard to find when they (inevitably) went bad. Plus we had lots of 4' fixtures built into the ceilings at my house. Now that is all LED, including the 8' lamps in the garage. Kindof a shame, since the new high frequency ballasts were way betterer, but now I have like 6 8' lamps in the garage and they are dead quiet, vs the buzzing noises of the old lamps.
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  23. Credit where credit is due. Edwin Armstrong invented the superhet, and David Sarnoff of RCA stole it. This is the same guy who shafted Farnsworth out of the invention of television. Armstrong later committed suicide over this.
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  24. Could also be read as "what are contractors... you'll find out shortly" :-)
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  25. I used one of these "nano fridges" on a consulting job where I only had a desk and very little space. The company was paying for the power, so ya know, didn't care. Kept my diet coffee creamer in it.
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  26. Dude, give up..... Phosphors are pixels.
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  27. Yea, its amazing how much LCDs simplified everything. Now we are getting to the point were everything is going to be a color LCD with touch whether it is needed or not simply because of economies of scale.
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  28. Color fully bit programmable LCDs are taking over the world. Using other types of displays were just to save a few pennies. As volume discounting has more and more effect, even using black and white programmable LCDs won't give you a price advantage. Why do I care? Because I have to program these things. When some idiot designer tells me they are saving 5 cents by picking a cheaper display, despite the fact that we have to spend more time programming around the quirks of a special display, I get annoyed.
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  29. "directional changy bit" I don't know... these talks are too technical for me...
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  30. The increased use of extenders and plug strips came about largely because of the explosion in the quantity of small electronic devices, which tend to be low current devices. Thus having extenders plugged into extenders and full plug strips is not dangerous. All the plug strips I buy are equipped with breakers, and I buy long extender cords with reasonable gauges. Should the USA adopt better standards? Yea, but then we should be metric as well. Americans have never been impressed by arguments that we should join the rest of the world.
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  31. I had that same walkman cassette tape player. It was built like a watch and barely bigger than the tapes it played. I used to show people by putting it into a cassette box. It finally died. I was very sad.
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  32. Sarnoff's main talent was taking credit for other people's work, stealing others inventions (like Farnsworth), and inventing imaginary accomplishments (like claiming he heard the Titanic sinking on radio). Do some digging, the history is all there.
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  33. Led on a stick......mmmmmmmm.
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  34. I remember mp3 cd players. I bought one. It was interesting for about... 5 minutes. Putting mp3 on a mini hard disk make it look like a toy format.
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  35. You're going to cross 1 million!
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  36. And I though you were going to demo it with a suicide cord in hand standing in a bathtub with water in it.
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  37. Just get a file and file down that bigger pin and "voila".... you can plug it in either way! Also works if you take a big pair of cutters and cut off the ground lug.
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  38. I think if TC man here made a video about dishwashers that you light on fire, that would have covered the subject matter for this year...
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  39. The last time I developed film I used highly advanced Walgreen technology. Geez, no wonder we dropped film tech like a hot rock.
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  40. Exabyte was founded to record digital data on videotape for backup in 1985. They went fairly rapidly to 8mm video cartridges, as opposed to full size VHS, in 1987 (dates according to Wikipedia). The 8mm format had been introduced in 1984. DAT tapes were a similar if slightly smaller format, and indeed Exabyte bought my company, R-Byte, which made a DAT tape drive, in 1992. None of that occurred in a vacuum. QIC tape drives were introduced by 3m in 1972 (again Wikipedia), and although they didn't store Exabyte level densities, they were from 20mb to 400mb in later versions. So video tape as data storage had a competitor. Tape storage, going back into the open reel computer days, was generally used as computer backup on bigger machines and didn't come to PCs until the QIC days. Writable CDs were supposed to take over as a backup medium, but what actually happened is disc drives became so cheap for unit of storage that it made more sense to just purchase more drives and use them as backup, hence NAS or network attached storage and data vaults. Now, companies are just as likely to ship backup data to cloud companies.
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  41. So they divorced color temperature from brightness.... that's a good thing. What you want is a color adjustable bulb.
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  42. The people who like these are the same ones who claim you can make the room cooler by turning off the lights. Enough said.
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  43. You are becoming a new version of "the secret life of machines".
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  44. Meh The signal for turning in the USA driving slow(er) and hugging the side of the lane whose direction you are going to turn.
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  45. Ooooohhhhh, thanks. I haven't seen Triclor for years, they outlawed it in California. Now I know where to find it. I used to be able to buy it by the gallon can in electronics store. Great electronics cleaner.
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  46. I agree with most of what you said, but in our area, and probably most areas of the USA, the temperature, even on 90 degree days, drops into the 60s. It makes no sense to run air conditioning when the outside is that cold. You get the same effect, including storing cold air in the house, simply by drawing the cold air outside into the house. For that I have a "whole house fan" that actually goes one better. It both draws cold air into the house at night, and expels hot air from the attic at the same time. The result is that the house is considerably cooler by morning, and then you shut the windows to keep it that way. In this way, I usually manage to keep the house in the 70s until about 3pm even on 90 degree days. But then I turn the A/C on.
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  47. Electric water heaters are the least efficient, followed by gas water heaters, then on demand heaters. Good luck finding an electric on demand heater of any size. The vast majority of them are small under sink units. The most efficient are heat pump water heaters, but then you are back to storing the energy in a big tank. The least cost heaters are solar, but not that much better, because you have to pay to operate the circulation pump. The energy storage capability of a tank of water is impressive. I worked in a building that had air conditioning from this principle in The San Fernando valley outside of LA. It gets over 100 degrees F every day all summer. The air conditioning worked by storing water in the basement, and sending it to a roof array every night to radiate off the heat in the water to the sky. Then the water was used to cool the building by day.
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  48. If you rode that, and didn't realize that you were in an elevator, might I suggest becoming a lawyer or a politician, some job where critical thinking is not needed.
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  49. The "apartment dwellers cannot charge" thing is a canard. Most apartments have assigned spots, and I have never lived in an apartment building that didn't have covered parking and a light above it, meaning that it has electrical runs to the space. In Canada and other cold weather places, you have to have a plug at each space for the simple reason that if you don't plug you car's engine heater in at night, your car will be dead in the morning. Cars can be charged from 110v, but 220v is obviously better. Although apartment owners will moan about the costs, running 220v drops to each space isn't going to break them. I'm amazed sometimes about how really useful a 220v/30 amp L2 charger really is. I have two long range cars, a Bolt at 238 miles and a Tesla M3 at 320 miles, and typically they charge up in 4 hours on a 6.6kW L2 charger, because I don't run them all the way to zero, nor is that a good idea. Both of my cars need charging perhaps once or twice a week even with my 40 mile round trip commute. Its not even necessary to purchase a $400 charger. My Tesla comes with a 220v charger free with the car, and its a reasonable cost with the Bolt. With that and a 220v outlet, you are there for at least a 3.3kW charge. I will say that 130kW supercharging is amazing on the road (Tesla). I typically think about charging when the miles left goes to 2 digits (<100), and I see the 100kW+ charge for only about 20 minutes. But that charger takes the Tesla from less than 100 to over 200 miles in that 20 minutes, which is rocket fast compared to other cars, and makes highway travel amazing.
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  50. The high tech description of how a motor works: "the electricity makes it go all spiny".
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  51. I think you need to be careful here. I worked for a charger company. There are two main elements of the Tesla plug that are desirable. The first is that it is a better engineering design. The second, and perhaps more important element is that Tesla is a plug and go standard. Ie, you roll up, plug in, and get charged to charge (pun intended) automatically. No screen, no card swipe, etc. The first part is not going to change with other makers adopting the plug. However, that second part could have happened at ANY TIME for the J1772 plug. Its true the J1772 plug was and is braindamaged in that it didn't have a digital communications port built in to the connector, and thus was inherntly incapable of "plug to charge" automatic debt payment. However, that got fixed with PLC or "power line communication" a means of high bandwidth communication with the car. The problem is that Tesla does and will own that automatic payment network. I expect the other car makers to sign on to that network *for a while*. However, for rthe NACS standard to go forward, eventually other networks besides Tesla will have to start up. This happens naturally as, say, chargepoint adapts the NACS standard. The point is, the networks f**ked up the current payment system, even though J1772 is well capable of an automatic payment system, and they *will f**k up the NACS system as well if they are not held accountable.
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  52. I'm gonna bet that FLIR cost more than the fridge.
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  53. I asked about ground source here in California. The answer was something like "a huge permitting process, followed by chunks of cash, and an act of god", ie., no ways no hows.
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  54. PS the other reason for having frame rates match the power line frequency was that early TVs had pretty bad power supplies, so some "bleed though" of the line frequency would cause a variation of the intensity on the screen. With the frame rate matching the power line frequency, the light and dark of the power line waveforms bleeding through were static, not moving continuously. Thus you would not notice them as much.
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  55. "rocket surgery" ?????
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  56. Photography this way was fun, but I don't miss it.
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  57. Its simple. Inkjet printers self destruct if you don't use them frequently enough. In fact, they are about the only product commonly sold that self destructs.
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  58. I agree that I like the warmer lights in my house, but I don't care if they use blueish light on the roads.
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  59. Women don't need pockets. That's why they have men.
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  60. The problem in Europe is that the amperage is woefully under supplied. This is a problem now that they are trying to put in car chargers.
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  61. Single mode fibre is not "smaller", but rather the actual core used to carry light is smaller, so getting the connector and the fibre end to align is more difficult.
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  62. Yea that "pattern LED failure" thing is annoying. Our city, San Jose, replaced most of the lights, and now most of them are failing with that weird "some leds are failing" thing. PS since the proper reaction to a light out is to come to a full stop, look every way and go only when there is no oncoming traffic, and be terrified of idiots, these accidents are voluntary and deserved. PSPS I LOVE countdown lights. They tell me if it is worth it to nail it and take the intersection at 100MPH before the light turns!
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  63. WRONG. All of the right angle plugs you buy are designed for the ground on the bottom. The USA electrical manufacturers should be working on insulating the first part of the hot lead so that we are not killing children instead of this nonsense.
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  64. isn't it nice to have a thermonuclear reactor parked out there at a convenient distance?
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  65. The name for the power line communications addition to J1772 is ISO 15118 aka "home plug". It was not originally designed for cars. It basically gives your car an Ethernet connection via the plug. It could theoretically cover all communications, plus give you video entertainment while you charge your car.
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  66. Thanks for that. In this age of all digital, its worth looking back at what a fantastic gift Edison gave us so long ago.
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  67. You are certainly the only one I know who is crazy enough to recreate mechanical television. The old mech TVs would have been termed low resolution slow scan today, because it had to be transmitted over a sound channel, as in radio channel, since high frequency radio had not taken off in that era. I suspect mechanical TV was quite valuable as a demonstration device before CRT based TV arrived. The basic principles were tested, and then the CRT and broadband, high frequency channels made real TV possible.
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  68. Hint: a lot of dishwashers fail because the electronics are in the door, and this consists of one or more control boards with lots of connectors. Those connectors are usually cheap, tinned connectors, not gold plated. As a result of that and the wet environment (humidity) in the door, the connections go intermittent. These can be fixed temporarily by removing and reseating the connectors. A more permanent fix is to find aluminium electrical connector gel at home depot or similar store, then apply to the connections and reinsert. The gel is designed to reduce corrosion and is non-conductive.
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  69. Hint: the national electrical code was written by the national fire protection association. Their concern is the wiring causing fires.
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  70. This is one of the rare connector applications where, even though they had microprocessors on each side of the connection, it was still done without any digital communications. This causes massive issues going forward. Chargers are unable to get any advanced information from the car, such as state of charge (percentage of charge on the battery), things like payment information, etc., without adding YET ANOTHER communications layer ontop of the analog one. IE., it was a massive foul up. And it is one reason Tesla quickly overtook J1772 as a better charging system.
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  71. Stalled motors make me run for the off switch.
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  72. A little disappointing in that you never mentioned why betamax was inherently superior to VHS technically, the a-b head azimuth method, which allowed tighter track spacing on the tape. This was sheer genius on Sony's part.
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  73. Congradulations on 1 million. Quite a milestone. Do you get a special trophy or something from YouTube?
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  74. You can never have too much computer power. If your desktop does not double as a space heater, you don't have enough.
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  75. Alec, you covered a lot of the uses of reflectors.One more: They add glass beads to movie screens to add so called "gain" to them. It means that the screen reflects the light back to the projector, and makes it so people sitting near the projector get a brighter picture. It has the disadvantage of making the picture dimmer if you are NOT near the projector, so it is not a universal good. The gain can be adjusted by the amount of beads on the screen.
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  76. In California, we have power that is just slightly less reliable than Pakistan. Thus, backup 4000kw generator, and I did the "PG&E" fix to the gas heater, which is to remove its connection to the wall power and replace with a regular 100v cord so it can plug in. I also got a 110v countertop range to replace the 240v electric range. Thus the only thing I can't backup is the clothes dryer (240v).
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  77. Orange you glad you saw this video?
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  78. Dude if you are going to do kids games, do Braun Lektron.
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  79. So I have a "mostly electric" house with electric range and dryer. I installed two (count em', two) car chargers, a regular j1772 and a Tesla, which went onto the second subpanel. Now I can use any amount of the house appliances, and I can charge both of my EV cars at once. We are also installing a heat pump this year.
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  80. This is a good overview. The basic underlying trick of color TV, or why they could stuff 3 colors into a black and white signal, was that still images (or slowly moving images) in TV don't really take the full bandwidth of a TV channel, but rather occupy a series of harmonics, or peaks in the signal spectrum at regular intervals. The color signal is fitted into the spaces between those peaks. What happens if the picture is moving? The color actually degrades quite a bit, which you can see if you hit stop during those times. The color becomes blotchy. They are taking advantage of the fact that you can't perceive color very well in any case in a fast moving image. The TV engineers effectively used signal compression, in analog, before digital TV made that standard. The system was pure genius at that time, but of course we are stuck with the re-recorded artifacts of old video to this day.
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  81. There was another, similar invention that appeared in popular science, which used a filter in front of a standard black and white TV to convert it to color. The difference was it used a film that continually moved in front of the tv to accomplish the same thing as a color wheel, ie., it was a mechanical system.
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  82. We (yes I make chargers for a living) actually put a lot of advanced electronics into these chargers. For example, we actually test the ground by putting some current into it to see if it will actually serve as a safety ground. One answer to "why are these chargers expensive" is, imagine you are standing in a puddle beside your car in the pouring rain and plugging it in to charge. Anybody for a discount charger in this case???
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  83. "can't put and LED lamp in an oven" Yes, with properly rated components you could.
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  84. I've always assumed the light was directly connected to the camera's enable logic, thanks for the heads up.
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  85. PS you picked one of the biggest, ugliest chargers on the market. There are many chargers way smaller than that.
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  86. They came out with a CHADEMO connector, which is what you are thinking of.
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  87. Automated headlights, automated parking brakes, and automatic stopping for what is clearly and unambiguously a car headed for your front end, would go a long way toward reducing the accident rates in the USA, and for little cost and effort.
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  88. Actually, garage fires are more than possible, its the leading cause of house fires. People store things like gasoline in garages, and there are lots of ignition sources like gas water heaters and space heaters. Many or most building codes require a wall that extends all the way to the roof between the garage and the house that can withstand a fire for 20 minutes or more.
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  89. You and I have the same scope. Love that Rigol 4 ch.
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  90. You dissed the on-keyboard interface for special functions, but you didn't try the bluetooth interface, where it could have all worked out.
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  91. We use one, it's called a Keurig! I use it for tea as well. Hint: don't put the Keurig capsule in the machine and out comes hot water! Amazing. PS we vote you get a 240/Euro outlet so you can demo European appliances as well.
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  92. So in response to "Tesla should join the existing standards" IE., j1772, no, sorry there is NOT in fact one standard outside of Tesla. For DC high power charging there are two in common use, CCS and Chademo, which with Tesla makes THREE different DC fast charge standards. And Tesla is the ONLY standard that integrated all forms of charging, slow, medium and fast, on a single connector. Thus, the better standard does not have to adapt to the crappy standard (the betamax/VHS is another story). And Tesla fast charging (at 100kW and better) is already higher level than the vast majority of DC fast chargers at 50kW. Should there be a single standard? Of course. But there is plenty of precedence that introducing standards on early, fast moving technology does not end well. Look at all of the iterations standard wall plugs went through, from light socket adapters, to blade plugs, to the modern three prong grounded (and in the USA it is still quite unsafe!). And keep in mind that I make my living off J1772 chargers and I am saying this!
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  93. That first sentence is a run on sentence...
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  94. Bite me and good luck finding a job after they invent the automatic burger flipper at Mcdonalds...
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  95. Ya now cover video CDs.
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  96. Que marks, or for fans of "fight club", cigarette burns.
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  97. 2 thousand views in only 4 minutes... amazing.
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  98. I found a percolator for use in camping, because it only needs a burner. Loaded with good quality ground coffee, its wonderful.
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  99. I have an OKI LED printer. Its discontinued now, but mine still works. It is color, prints on very large stock, and will practically print on a brick, it takes very thick paper known as "cover paper" because it is used to make covers of books. As you say, it is one pass, and so prints at a much better speed than a laser printer.
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  100. I bought that exact Kidde dual detector alarm because my understanding was it would only go off if BOTH detectors went off. It said as much on the box. I did it because I was tired of false alarms, and my new beautiful wife confuses the smoke alarm with a cooking timer.
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  101. You should take apart that cassette walkman. Forgotten today, but sony came out with one that was barely larger than a cassette tape. In fact, I was able to put it into the same box as I carried my tapes in. That thing was a mechanical miracle.
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  102. We pay $35 per kilowatt hour. PG&E needs the money to pay their lawyers for burning down so many houses.
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  103. The war over color TV standards got repeated with the advent of HDTV. The FCC had already signed off on an analog, backwards compatible system when a small silicon company called general instrument showed that by using a digital carrier based system with mpeg, the amount of bandwidth needed by the (very wasteful) analog TV system could be reduced significantly, while at the same time dramatically increasing the reception reliability. GI had already done this for digital cable systems, so over the air systems had fallen behind. The FCC did another about face, and the broadcasters suddenly did as well. Cynics said that the true underlying cause was the broadcasters realization that the very same digital technology that could give an HDTV signal in the same 6mhz channel as analog TV could very well be used to compress existing TV into 1mhz or less, and result in broadcasters losing up to 5/6ths of their very valuable spectrum real estate if the FCC (and the public) woke up to this fact. Thus HDTV was born, and the broadcasters used the technology to split up into multiple channels anyway... but under their control. The true result of all of the nonsense is that mpeg-2, and later mpeg-4, took over TV broadcasting by storm, rendering the actual method used to broadcast TV increasingly irrelevant. The broadcasters kept their spectrum allocations, but the number of over the air users decreases daily. And the FCC increasingly puts pressure on broadcasters to give up that real estate to other uses.
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