Comments by "MrMustangMan" (@mrmustangman) on "I Do Cars"
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Towards the end of the 1990s, BMW introduced a technology called the DISA (Differenzierte Sauganlage) valve. It was the German manufacturer’s take on a variable-length intake manifold and featured on most of its cars over the next decade.
A DISA valve is controlled by the ECU and alters the length of the intake manifold according to engine speed, optimizing airflow to the engine and allowing for better power, torque, and fuel efficiency across the rev band.
The system on the BMW employs a flap that opens or closes, shortening or lengthening the path that the air takes, thus timing when the air hits the intake valves. When the DISA valve is closed, the air is forced to take the longer route, which is the default position in lower RPM. At higher RPM, the valve is open, allowing air to take a shorter path that results in it being pressurized and more easily combustible.
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