Youtube comments of João Rita (@jlvfr).
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Little fun fact about coffe, from Lisboa, Portugal. One of the slang words for coffee, here, is bica . When coffee was first introduced, by one of the earliest coffee shops, the public didn't really like it, because many tought it was too bitter. So the shop got the idea of promoting coffee with sugar, the slogan being "Drink this with coffee", and that worked like a charm. The slogan in portuguese is "Beba Isto Com Açucar", B-I-C-A.
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@Barrystue (wow, 4 years... :D ). The book is called "The Shape of Things to Come", and has a new war starting in January 1940, between Germany and Poland, over questions related to Danzig. Poland holds on, and the war ends up dragging country after country after country. Ends only around 1950, with all nations pretty much wrecked. He includes the use of massive city bombing, as well as gas & virus. There's no tank warfare to speak of, at least like Bliztkrieg, which is one of the reasons why the war bogs down. Every nation is in such poor condition that there's a general breakdown of government and living conditions, compounded by a plague. There's a great british movie (Things to Come, 1936) with his own screenplay.
Wells was one of the outspoken opponent to the terms of the Versailles treaty. He, like others, thought the humiliating and crippling terms would only help cause another war. The book is based on these fears, compounded by the strategic and military views at the time of writing (bombers alwats getting past defense, limited use of tanks, fears of gas & virus attack, etc.). He's also writing at a time when the world ecomony was colapsing, which fueled these fears.
(btw I made a small mistake; the book came out in 1933, not 1929. That's around the date where he started to write it, and other works on politics & history)
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Wish I had seen this video sooner... :(
Don't blame the germans for trying to use the Me-109. Yes, it was a bad idea, but there was no other light fighter in german service at the time the Zeppelin was launched (1936-37); a purpose-designed fighter was out of the question. You use what you have, not what you want (re: Spitfire in use in the RN, specially the disaster of the North Africa and Scicily invasion campaigns)
As for the overall scheme of the Z-class, there's one massive gap that I did not hear mentioned here, and that hightlights the Krigsmarine lack of vision and experience: there were no AAA cruisers planned .
Sure, some light/heavy/scout cruisers would end up being converted, but, at the time the plan started (early 1939) both the RN and the USN were well into either building or preparing their anti-aicraft units, the Didos and the Atlantas...
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I still find it amazing how many people, to this day, understimate the importance of this operation, as well as the assault on Sicily. Many forget the US army had no experience on modern warfare, other than the debacle on the Philippines, and that was a completely diferent area. Some of their equipment was obsolete or even outright not existed. Likewise for the USAF on ground support and airborne operations. Likewise for (also the UK) large scale amphibious operations, specially combined operations of two vastly diferent forces, who used diferent weapons, equipment, procedures. The near disaster of the airborne incasion of Sicily also taught valuable lessons.
Imagine Kasserine Pass in France, in 1942. Imagine the USAF trying to fight it out against the Lufwaffe in 1942, with limited numbers on P-40, against veterans on Me-109 and Fw190, forcing the RAF to assist them. Imagine trying to coordinate a multi-division assault... without all the equipment, procedures and ships created from the hard lessons learned in the Med in 1942 and 1943, not to mention the sheer numbers required, against a german army at the top of it's strengh. It would be a disaster.
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@richardvernon317 Germany alone lost 300 F-104 in acidents ; over 100 pilots dead. Belgium lost almost 50% of it's F-104. Yes, it flew low and fast well... as long as it didn't have to turn and dodge and flew in good weather. It was designed and built as a high-altitude interceptor, and sold to Europe as a low-level strike aircraft thanks to a combination of politics and bribery. Erich Hartmann, the top ace of WWII and CO of one of the Luftwaffe's 1st jet wings, stated the F-104 was unfit to duty even before it was introduced. Johannes Steinhoff, another ace, on becoming CO of the Luftwaffe, grounded the entire fleet untill changes could be made. Eric Brown, oe of the greates test pilots of all time, holding the record for most diferent types of plane flown, spoke against it. Even in the USAF, it had the highest accident rate of the entire Century Series. So, yeah, it was a complete disaster.
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From a non-russian purely amateur historian, I see one very big issue with the russian people: they never stopped being oppressed, never had any freedom, never had a chance to see life on the "other side". They went from the repressive regine of the czar, the last feudal state in Europe, to the Soviet Union. Then in the late 90s they had a small taste of freedom and then boom, Putin. That's centuries of (mostly) knowing only one version of the facts. They might suspect diferent but if all you hear, from craddle to grave, is "over there are monsters" and have no other evidence, and if you try something you're labbeled a monster yourself... well... imagine if you're told that not only what you belive is a lie but what your parents belived was a life. Not easy to get around it. The worst part is that we have people outside of Russia still feeding this, for personal profit.
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On the question of naval ports, there is another factor to be taken into consideration, although only by a handfull of navies. A couple of years ago, when Scotland's independence started to be discussed and did not pass by only a slim margin, the Royal Navy found itself in trouble, because of one specific type of modern boat: the SSBN_. Subs carrying SLBMs have very stringent security issues, regarding the need to isolate them as much as possible, where the boat can be docked, how it enters & leaves the dock, how much empty sea it needs for discretion and security while entering/leaving the harbour, the escort it needs, etc. These are the main reasons why they are based way up in the Clyde. Which is in _Scotland . So, in the event of Scotland becoming independent, the RN would loose the base. Which would mean not only loosing it's multi-billion pound investiment, but also having to put the boats somewhere in England or Wales. And here is the problem: while there are ports that could physically take the SSBNs, almost all fail the security part. Portsmouth and Devonport are right smack in the heavilty sailed/clutered Channel, which would leave the boats utterly vulnerable coming in and out. And, if I remember correctly, all other suitably deep water ports are civilian...
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On the "Was British WW1 strategy sound?", I think this ignores a few points, which I've seen laid out in other discussions.
First of all, the UK was one of the guarantors of Belgian, according to the treaty of London of 1839. The UK had also entered the Entente Cordiale with France which, while not a military treaty per se, it did end nearly 1000 of on/off war betwen the two nations, with many questions being solved with it. A tacit colaboration between both nations was now implied. To fail to answer to an attack on these treaties, specially the guarantee of Belgium, would have placed the UK on the role of oath&aliance breaker. It's international standing and prestige would come tumbling down: who would afterwards sign treaties with such a country, who breaks them at the hour of need? Who can trust them?
Secondly, the theory that it could "impose a blockade on Germany". No, it couldn't. The blockade worked because Germany was also blockaded landwise ; if the UK did not help France, then France would eventually be forced to an armistice (at the very least); Germany would then turn it's forces to Russia, which wouldn't last long, most likely falling into revolution even sooner. Assuming Italy was allready in the war, a combined Austrian/Germany offensive would quickly knock them out. Which means Germany would now be free to trade via all of Europe, with coastal access on both the Atlantic and Med. And I'm sure Russia would be desperate to sell anything, for foreign currency. Not only that, Germany and Austria would have the ability to divert resources to an all out sub war on any blockading fleet on the Atlantic or the Med.
Finally, the UK did not "commit 5 million men". The UK commited the BEF, around 150000 men... to a war that everyone thought would be "over by Christmas". Then the BEF needed more... and more... and more... and then more... what was the UK to do at this point? Say "right that's it, we're out?"
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@bkjeong4302 at the time the other 4 were very much necessary. Don't forget when they were designed (1938): the USN needed fast battleships to counter the japanese Kongo class, as well as what else the IJN might be designing. Hence theses ships. At that time there was no thought (or possibility) for the kind of massed carrier air strikes we would see in late 1943-1945. Even within the IJN, with it's superior carrier doctrine and training, many saw the carrier as an aid, a means to slow down the enemy battleline and strip it of escorts. The ships commissioned between early 43 and mid 44, so still in the "may serve as anti-BB weapon" possibility. Don't forget that on the 15th November 1942, the Washington sank the Kirishima , the Duke of York sank the Scharnhorst after xmas 1943 and the last battleship v battleship battle took place in October 1944 . So, in the context of their time, at least the first 4 ships were needed. They also served admirably as heavy escorts for USN carrier groups, a job most older BBs could not do, because of their low speed.
If you want to talk about waste of time, money and resources, talk about the Alaska class. Now there's a mess of a class, with much confusion on what it was supposed to do, specially after the Iowa was built...
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@timberwolf1575 I understand your point, but I don't think it's valid. Yes, they would fire a lot of rounds, but not at the same point , only a general area. In order for it to work, they would have to pour rounds into a small area right in front of the missile, and these mounts are not fast enough or acurate enough. Remember even in WWII a 9 meter long Zero flying at around 500 kph would get past them. Staying in the 1980s (when the BBs were still around) you'd have to stop a 6 meter long P-15/SS-N-2 flying at 1000 kph. Flying at under 100 meters altitude. As for radar vs chaff, it doesn't work like that; chaff creates a large cloud of metalic strips that, to the missile's radar, show as a solid object. I'm not sure the missile's radar would even pick up the tiny 40mm rounds, considering their relative speeds.
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