Comments by "115islands Compass" (@115islandscompass6) on "The Japan Reporter"
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@rowyoboat9369
Are you saying that your grandfather saw a Japanese soldier was raping the bodies of deheaded women?
It would be a horribly abnormal and shocking sight, but it would be a wild fiction.
Even in Japan, beheadings are not as common as you might think.
To begin with, there is a big difference in sharpness between the Japanese swords used during the Sengoku period and the military swords of this period.
And even if you use a real Japanese sword, it's not like you can easily cut off a human's head like in anime or manga.
The American propaganda about the Bataan march is too harsh.
First of all, why did MacArthur flee leaving tens of thousands of his subordinates behind?
Shouldn't he have surrendered as a leader and then negotiated with the Japanese army on behalf of his men?
Then let's take a look at what actually happened on that march.
❶The US military fled, abandoning tens of thousands of soldiers who were unable to move due to illness or injury.
❷The Japanese army captured the American soldiers who were left behind, but there was a complete lack of medicine and food.
❸The Japanese military tried to transport the POWs to a camp, but the railroad they were supposed to use for transport was destroyed by the U.S. military and could no longer be used.
With no other option, the Japanese army marched to the camp on foot with most of the POWs, except for the seriously ill.
❹They walked over 60 kilometers over 4-5 days, an average of 14 kilometers a day in about 4 hours in the cool mornings and evenings.
❺The Japanese army lacked food, but food was also distributed to prisoners of war. However, misunderstandings arose due to differences in food culture. For example, American soldiers later accused being forced to eat burdock, a common Japanese food, as abuse.
❻ Japanese soldiers were trained and used to walking 20 kilometers a day, but American soldiers were not. In addition, many people were infected with malaria due to being hidden in the jungle for a long time. According to statistics from Camp O'Donnell, the total number of people who died or escaped during the march was about 21,000. (Most of the prisoners were Filipinos, and Filipinos who escaped during the march were considered dead, so the dead and escapees are totaled.)
The United States used this for propaganda purposes, accusing the Japanese military of mistreating prisoners of war.
And how do you think the US military would have treated POWs if the situation had been reversed?
It is known that at that time, American soldiers killed 99% of Japanese soldiers who surrendered.
So probably all the prisoners were killed before the "march".
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It is lies that Japan has not officially apologized or compensated.
Many of the stories, such as Nanjing massacre, that are being spread today were fabricated, but Japan has provided reparations and apologies as demanded by the Allied Powers.
If you search for "Japan's war reparations", you will immediately find out which countries were repared and the amount of reparations.
If you Google "List of war apology statements issued by Japan", you will be able to see the apologies that Japan has made so far on Wikipedia.
Japan also had apologized to China so many times that the Global Times published a newspaper article saying, "Japan has apologized 17 times, so there is no need to apologize anymore."
China did not demand for compensation from Japan, officially.
Because Mao Zedong said that getting Manchukuo would be enough.
Manchukuo, which had received huge investment in terms of funds and technology snd so on from Japan at that time, developed richly, and Manchukuo was responsible for 70% of the industrial production in the former Qing Dynasty domestic area.
But on the other hand, Japan continued to support China economically through ODA and other means until 2018, even after China's GDP surpassed that of Japan. These aids have unofficially a strong implication of reparations, and the total amount is about 3.66 trillion yen.
Probably you don't know well how Japan has dealt with asian countries, because your country must be anti-Japanese and because the information you can know is so limited.
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@Grandessaful
Wouldn't it be better for Americans to demand conpensation from the state rather than Japanese companies that lack money?
I said that the Japanese government did not have cash after the war, but that was because not only was it forced to pay the occupation costs of the occupation forces, but the occupation forces also robbed them of various assets, such as jewelry which were collected from the Japanese for the war fee.
After the war, the US "Government Appropriation for Relief in Occupied Areas Fund(Garioa)" and EROA funds that were provided to Japan totaled $1.8 billion.
With this, Americans often say that the United States helped Japan.
But the US later(60's) began to call the $1.8 billion, which should have been aid money, debt.
So, Japan repaid $480 million after bilateral negotiations.
This looks like only 1/3.75 paid back, but it is not.
The currency rate these funds were given was
¥15/$ in 1945,
¥50/$ in 1946 and 1947,
¥270/$ in 1948.
It's a bit rough calculation, but the average of the rates is about ¥96/$ during this period. Since the rate at the time of repayment was ¥360/$. Therefore, the actual money value of the amount requested by the United States from Japan and the amount repaid is the same.
On the other hand, GHQ forced Japanese government to pay the occupation cost from the Japanese national budget during the occupation period.
Especially for the first three years, one-third of the national budget was exploited for the luxurious life of the occupying forces, while many Japanese, mainly war orphans, were starving to death in front of GIs' eyes.
In fact, there are records that GHQ ordered the Japanese government to keep starving children and starving corpses out of sight of the occupying soldiers.
And, at the exchange rate at the time, that total exceed $5 billion.
Japan borrowed a huge amount from the World Bank (IBRD) for reconstruction and compensation.
Needless to say, the largest shareholder of the World Bank is the United States, which means that it is the United States that benefits most from IBRD.
In 1945, the dollar-yen exchange rate was 15 yen / dollar. In 1948, this was set 360 yen / dollar.
With this, I regard the United States made the Japanese people cheap workers.
The method of making someone in debt and working for a low wage is the way of a slave trader, isn't it?
The United States did this to the entire Japanese nation.
Perhaps the Japanese at that time knew the intentions of the United States, but they did not want to impose debts on future generations, so they worked very very hard.
It is believed that Japan repaid those debts incurred in the war in the late 1980s and early 1990s.
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When Nanjing fell, approximately 150 international journalists and photographers were accompanying the Japanese army.
But no one ever reported what you call "rape."
On the contrary, the Japanese military distributed food and other supplies to the citizens of Nanjing, and there were media reports with photos showing how happy the citizens were.
Even after the end of the war, nothing was announced by them.
The Tokyo Trial was so biased that it was criticized as a lynching of the defeated country by the victorious nation, but it failed to prove that a massacre had taken place in Nanjing.
This was because most of the testimonies of witnesses were hearsay and rumors.
The official record of the Tokyo trial, "Prosecution Document No. 1706,'' contains the following statement.
"Few people voluntarily reported the crimes committed by the Japanese military. Even when investigators were dispatched, some remained silent like 'winter cicadas' or did not tell the truth. Some denied it …”
In other words, at the Tokyo trial, the prosecution solicited “witnesses to the massacre,” but there were none.
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Given what the United States had done to Japan during its occupation, the United States probably intended to keep Japan as a poor agricultural nation, much like Britain had done with India, until the beginning of the Korean War.
However, when the Korean War began, the United States realized that if Japan remained a poor agricultural country, problems would arise in providing logistics to South Korea, the United States' front line in the far east of the Eurasian continent.
It was only at this time, the US noticed that after the Japanese military had been completely disbanded, that unless Japan had something to defend itself while many American soldiers were away from Japan, there was a risk of being occupied by other countries, such as the Soviet Union.
Although the US bases remain in Japan and continue to occupy Japan even after the occupation period ends, 50-75% of the base maintenance costs are paid from the Japanese national treasury.
And, even today, many Japanese people do not know that the United States still has an American administrative agency above the Japanese government, uses Japan like a colony/ATM, and exploits Japan in various ways. But Americans know even less.
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I'll talk about money in a little more detail.
After the war, the US "Government Appropriation for Relief in Occupied Areas Fund(Garioa)" and EROA funds that were provided to Japan totaled $1.8 billion.
With this, Americans often say that the United States helped Japan.
But the US later(60's) began to call the $1.8 billion, which should have been aid money, debt.
So, Japan repaid $480 million after bilateral negotiations.
This looks like only 1/3.75 paid back, but it is not.
The currency rate these funds were given was
¥15/$ in 1945,
¥50/$ in 1946 and 1947,
¥270/$ in 1948.
It's a bit rough calculation, but the average of the rates is about ¥96/$ during this period. Since the rate at the time of repayment was ¥360/$. Therefore, the actual money value of the amount requested by the United States from Japan and the amount repaid is the same.
On the other hand, GHQ forced Japanese government to pay the occupation cost from the Japanese national budget during the occupation period.
Especially for the first three years, one-third of the national budget was exploited for the luxurious life of the occupying forces, while many Japanese, mainly war orphans, were starving to death in front of GIs' eyes.
In fact, there are records that GHQ ordered the Japanese government to keep starving children and starving corpses out of sight of the occupying soldiers.
And, at the exchange rate at the time, that total exceed $5 billion.
Japan borrowed a huge amount from the World Bank (IBRD) for reconstruction and compensation.
Needless to say, the largest shareholder of the World Bank is the United States, which means that it is the United States that benefits most from IBRD.
In 1945, the dollar-yen exchange rate was 15 yen / dollar. In 1948, this was set 360 yen / dollar.
With this, I regard the United States made the Japanese people cheap workers.
The method of making someone in debt and working for a low wage is the way of a slave trader, isn't it?
The United States did this to the entire Japanese nation.
Perhaps the Japanese at that time knew the intentions of the United States, but they did not want to impose debts on future generations, so they worked very very hard.
It is believed that Japan repaid those debts incurred in the war in the late 1980s and early 1990s.
Then the United States made exchange rate return to the appropriate one in the Plaza agreement.
BTW The Plaza Agreement was also because Japanese products caught up with U.S. products in terms of quality, so buying Japanese products cheaply increased the U.S. trade deficit.
This was an underwater arrangement, and the exchange rate change was scheduled to be done slowly, but as a result of the "from somewhere" information was leaked and the exchange rate changed rapidly, Japanese exporters were severely damaged.
The exploitation by the United States still takes place in many forms (eg importing genetically modified food/seeds, drugs, pesticides. aiding to other countries, etc.). It is so cleverly hidden by the US and its puppet Japanese controllers that many Japanese are not even aware that they continue to be exploited by the US.
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The book "The Rape of Nanjing", which is filled with Someone's hearsay and "composite/stolen pictures" without objective evidence, was written for propaganda and is bullshit.
for example:
-A photo of the body of a Japanese woman whose belly was torn vertically by a Chinese and killed after being raped and tortured is posted as a picture of a Chinese woman killed by a Japanese soldier. However, this photo is a picture of one of the victims of the Tongzhou incident in which a Chinese massacred more than 200 Japanese residents. And the way to cut a woman's belly vertically and kill it is the Chinese culture that often appears in old Chinese books. That's not Japanese culture.
- The picture of the beheading scene that left-wing people like to use in videos, etc. is made of cut and paste. If a person who is careful enough looks at the picture, they will notice that the direction of the shadow of each person and the direction of the shadow of the tree are different. In short, this picture was made by pasting multiple parts of "a tree", "standing people", "soldier a holding sword" and "a person on his knees" cut from different photos.
- Photos of massacres in Poland are posted as massacres in China.
- The picture of the skewered baby on the leaflet that appears in the video work of the 80's is posted as if it was taken at that time.
- Photo that 3 Chinese soldiers are about to shoot 3 people who are kneeling on the ground are posted in false captions that Japanese solders are shooting Chinese people. This as same time reveals Iris couldn't distinguish between the uniforms of Chinese soldiers and the one of Japanese soldiers.
The Japanese army did not commit the Nanjing Massacre, so it is the so-called "devil's proof" to prove it. In short, there is no evidence that it has not been done. On the contrary, it can be said "there is no evidence" is evidence.
When China registered the Nanjing Massacre on its memory heritage list in 2015, Japan demanded the disclosure of evidence to support the claim. But China refused to publish it. If the evidence presented by China could objectively prove that there was a massacre in Nanjing, China would have been able to disclose it publicly. But China has not disclosed them yet.
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The book "The Rape of Nanjing", which is filled with Someone's hearsay and "composite/stolen pictures" without objective evidence, was written for propaganda and is bullshit.
for example:
-A photo of the body of a Japanese woman whose belly was torn vertically by a Chinese and killed after being raped and tortured is posted as a picture of a Chinese woman killed by a Japanese soldier. However, this photo is a picture of one of the victims of the Tongzhou incident in which a Chinese massacred more than 200 Japanese residents. And the way to cut a woman's belly vertically and kill it is the Chinese culture that often appears in old Chinese books. That's not Japanese culture.
- The picture of the beheading scene that left-wing people like to use in videos, etc. is made of cut and paste. If a person who is careful enough looks at the picture, they will notice that the direction of the shadow of each person and the direction of the shadow of the tree are different. In short, this picture was made by pasting multiple parts of "a tree", "standing people", "soldier a holding sword" and "a person on his knees" cut from different photos.
- Photos of massacres in Poland are posted as massacres in China.
- The picture of the skewered baby on the leaflet that appears in the video work of the 80's is posted as if it was taken at that time.
- Photo that 3 Chinese soldiers are about to shoot 3 people who are kneeling on the ground are posted in false captions that Japanese solders are shooting Chinese people. This as same time reveals Iris couldn't distinguish between the uniforms of Chinese soldiers and the one of Japanese soldiers.
The Japanese army did not commit the Nanjing Massacre, so it is the so-called "devil's proof" to prove it. In short, there is no evidence that it has not been done. On the contrary, it can be said "there is no evidence" is evidence.
When China registered the Nanjing Massacre on its memory heritage list in 2015, Japan demanded the disclosure of evidence to support the claim. But China refused to publish it. If the evidence presented by China could objectively prove that there was a massacre in Nanjing, China would have been able to disclose it publicly. But China has not disclosed them yet.
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By the time the Japanese army arrived in Nanjing, Chiang Kai-shek's army had already fled.
At this time, the Kuomintang military announced that there were approximately 200,000 unarmed civilians in Nanjing.
For six days after arriving in Nanjing, the Japanese military called on unarmed civilians, including foreigners, to evacuate to a safe zone outside the walls of Nanjing, and then entered Nanjing.
Multiple documents confirm that the number of unarmed civilians in Nanjing when the Japanese army left the city was 250,000.
Why do you think the number of civilians when the Japanese army left Nanjing (250,000 people) was higher than the number of civilians announced when the Kuomintang army left Nanjing (200,000 people)?
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In the first place, the Japanese military was in China not for invasion but for security.
Foreign embassies have security guards to protect diplomats.
Western Diplomats in China were concerned about terrorist violence against foreigners in China, such as the Boxer Rebellion.
However, Western countries far from China were reluctant to send large numbers of personnel, so, Western countries had agreements with Japan under which Japan's security forces would provide an immediate response to emergencies that required the use of force against their own citizens.
Therefore, there were more Japanese security forces stationed there than in other countries.
As for war crimes, I don't think the Japanese soldiers did not anything wrong.
However, it is natural for the Japanese to deny narratives such as the Nanjing massacre or human experiments by Unit 731 that are now known to be fabricated propaganda.
For example, it was American missionaries who began spreading propaganda about the massacre of civilians in Nanjing.
They did this to get anti-war Americans to accept war with Japan.
After the war, the United States tried to historicalize its fabricated propaganda in order to justify its own war crimes.
However, even in the Tokyo trial, which was called a lynching by the victorious nation against the defeated nation, the prosecution was unable to prove the massacre of civilians in Nanjing.
The CCP currently claims that the number of civilian casualties during the Nanjing incident was 300,000.
On the other hand, before Chiang Kai-shek's Kuomintang forces fled from Nanjing, it was announced that there were 200,000 civilians in Nanjing City.
According to multiple sources, the number of civilians at the time the Japanese army left Nanjing was approximately 250,000.
The reason why the number of civilians withdrawn from Nanjing by the Japanese military was higher than the number announced by the Kuomintang is because those who had evacuated from Nanjing due to fear of fighting had returned.
Even when they hear the number of civilians in Nanjing at that time, do people who cry out, "Japanese troops committed a massacre in Nanjing'' have no doubts?
I guessed from the words "bayonet a baby" that you had read Iris Chan's book.
However, all of the horrific atrocities that Iris Chan wrote about were committed by Chinese KMT against Japanese people in the Japanese settlement of Tongzhou.
And then, the "photo of the skewered baby" is a capture of a flyer that appears in a Hong Kong video work from the 1980s. In short, that is an image created with Photoshop and is not a photograph.
You said that Germany admitted to war crimes and apologized, but Japan does not.
However, if you search, you will easily find that Japan has apologized and provided compensation to the countries defined as being invaded.
By the way, Germany has simply declared that it will never forget what N did. In short, Germany has not publicly said that it remorse what N did, nor has it offered an apology or compensation.
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At the Tokyo Trials, which were criticized as a lynching of the victorious nation against the defeated nation, Chiang Kai-shek, who led the Kuomintang army in the actual battle against Japan, claimed that there were 1 million Chinese victims, 200,000 of whom were victims of the Nanjing Massacre.
A missionary who had been circulating propaganda in the United States saying, "50,000 Japanese troops massacred 42,000 Nanjing citizens in Nanjing,'' also testified at the Tokyo trial.
However, the actual number of Japanese troops who entered Nanking was 3,000.
And, their "testimonies" were all hearsay and rumors and could not provide by objective evidence.
For this reason, the prosecution was unable to prove that a massacre had occurred.
In Nanjing at the time, University professors and members of the press were also staying.
In fact, when the Japanese army entered Nanjing, the New York Times reported on it. There was no mention of atrocities in the news.
Why were these Westerners who were in Nanjing at the time not called to testify in court?
Because none of them saw or heard anything like the atrocities.
I don't think the Japanese soldiers did not anything bad at all.
However, it is difficult to believe the number of casualties that the CCP, which is not actually fighting the Japanese army, increases year by year without presenting any evidence.
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@grotesqueimpalament
Unit 731 was originally an anti-epidemic unit. During the war with the Qing Dynasty, 90% of the Japanese casualties were due to epidemics of infectious diseases on the continent.
For this reason, Japan later became to set up a unit to research water supply and epidemic prevention. Unit 731 was just one of them.
After invading Manchuria, the Soviet army unfairly detained some members of Unit 731 and forced them to testify at the trial that "outrageous things had been done" using torture and other means. But this was a forced "confession" through death threats and unwarranted interrogation and torture. There was also an environment in which they were brainwashed as if the story they wanted POW to admit was actually done. Therefore, those veterans's confessions are not credible.
It was in the 1980s that the story of Unit 731 came out again.
It was through the novel "Devil's gluttony," which was published in a newspaper published by the Japanese Communist Party.
The author of the novel said that he was inspired by Unit 731, but that the content of story was fictional. However, the communists took it as if it were true and made a fuss.
And a report that seems to prove that the content written in the novel is true was also "discovered".
The report said that this was a summary report of a confidential document signed an affidavit of 19 doctors of Unit 731.
Because of this report, the Chinese believed Unit 731 had actually done something outrageous.
The Chinese thought that in the archives of classified US documents, which had a habit of recording everything, there should be an affidavit signed by 19 doctors of Unit 731, objective evidence of human experiments, etc.
The president of the United States at that time had been strongly backed by a big Chinese group in the United States, so he responded to demands of Chinese supporters for the investigation by spending about $30 million in U.S. tax dollars to conduct an in-depth study over a period of 8 years from 1999 to 2007.
However, the "affidavits of 19 doctors" were not found.
As you know, the President of the United States has the authority to declassify any confidential documents.
Nevertheless, no "affidavits signed by 19 doctors" nor notes or reports as evidence of human experiments were found.
In short, it has already been revealed decades ago that such a terrible story of Unit 731 is all propaganda fabricated by communist forces.
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When Nanjing fell, approximately 150 journalists and photographers were accompanying the Japanese army.
However, no one reported seeing such a massacre.
On the contrary, the Japanese military distributed food and other supplies to the citizens of Nanjing, and there were reports with photos showing the citizens rejoicing.
Photos reported at the time may be available online, but they are not searchable.
As evidence to support this, there is the following official record of the Tokyo Trial.
“Prosecution Document No. 1706”
It says:
"Few people voluntarily reported the crimes committed by the Japanese military. Even when investigators were dispatched, some remained silent like 'winter cicadas' or did not tell the truth. Some denied it …”
In other words, at the Tokyo trial, the prosecution solicited “witnesses to the massacre,'' but there were none.
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Regarding the comment, "I don't think the Japanese military did not anything bad at all.''
For example, during the "Manila Massacre,'' the Japanese Army should move outside of urban areas to prevent civilians from being harmed by the fighting.
However, the Japanese navy could not afford to abandon the warships in the port and the important military power associated with them, so they chose to remain in the city.
The US military does not care at all even if friendly civilians become collateral damage in order to annihilate the enemy.
So, the US military bombing to wipe out the Japanese army was carried out indiscriminately, and as a result, an estimated 100,000 Filipino and Japanese civilians were annihilated along with the Japanese army.
If the Japanese military was going to barricade themselves in the area, they should have at least evacuated the civilians, but they didn't do that.
I think it was fault.
It is true that at the time Filipino civilians were conducting guerrilla warfare against the Japanese army, so it was difficult to distinguish between guerrillas and non-guerrillas, which probably made it difficult for Filipinos to evacuate.
However, on the other hand, probably there might be some foolish thinking that "the U.S. military might not be able to carry out a thorough attack if civilians were used as meat shields'' I think.
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In recent years, only when confidential US documents began to be disclosed did it become clear how thought and speech in Japan had been controlled.
During the occupation, the United States removed conservatives from approximately 230,000 positions in Japan's ruling class and replaced them with leftist and communist puppets.
This is related to the fact that almost all of Japan's major universities today are liberal and anti-Japanese.
For this reason, most historians affiliated with universities are critical of history based on historical facts, and even if new historical facts are discovered from confidencial documents, they will ignore them if they do not fit with their story.
Therefore, it can be said that the writings of people called historians based on primary sources are more accurate.
And, during the declassification of these classified documents, it was discovered that the US had burned Japanese books.
So far, it has been determined that the United States banned 7,769 books in Japan during the occupation.
"Banned" means to forbid new publications, force bookstores to discard them, and erase them from the world.
These banned books include many books that the United States does not want the next generation of Japanese to know about, such as "the environment surrounding Japan before the war'' and "why Japan had to go to war.''
For the US those books were disturbing brainwashing the Japanese with the history distorted/fabricated by the United States.
Currently, some of those books on the list of prohibited books that were kept in private collections are being translated into modern language, reprinted, and becoming available for purchase.
Through them, many Japanese are re-learning history based on historical facts.
I think the following books from that time, written by people at the time rather than propaganda, are probably available in the West and are worth reading at least once:
"Twilight in the Forbidden City,''
"How the Peace was Lost,''
"Japan in China.''
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The Japanese never thought that it was their destiny to rule the world. Who is telling such lies?
Japan seemed to have almost completed the development of nuclear weapons, but their use was prohibited by the Emperor due to their inhumanity.
It was the Soviet Union's invasion, not the atomic bomb, that forced Japan to accept the Potsdam Declaration.
From beginning of 1945, Japan had been requesting peace talks to the United States.
The record of repeated contacts calling for peace talks from the Japanese government can be found on the CIA website as a PDF file with the following name:
“Memoranda for the President: Japanese Feelers”
Since Washington had not responded, Japan also asked the Soviet Union to mediate negotiations to end the war based on the Soviet-Japanese Neutrality Pact.
In short, the Allies knew that Japan wanted to hold talks for the end of the war, and also knew the way to end the war easily.
However, neither the United States nor the Soviet Union responded.
And attacks from the Allied Powers, such as air raids and the Battle of Okinawa, continued more intensely and cruel until the Potsdam Declaration.
The US Air Force burned down 430 cities in Japan and burned half a million Japanese to death across the country. Most of victims were civilians.
The atomic bombings were experiments to find out how living cities and humans were destroyed by the atomic bomb, so Hiroshima and Nagasaki, which had not been burned down, were chosen.
The truth is that the Soviet invasion, not the atomic bombing, led to the acceptance of the Potsdam Declaration.
Suzuki, then Prime Minister of Japan, asked for approval of the Potsdam Declaration in a cabinet meeting.
However, the discussion was difficult for some reasons.
The first reason was that there was no guarantee of the emperor's retention. This was the only condition requested by the Japanese government, which had sought peace talks with the United States since early 1945, but was not explicitly mentioned in the Potsdam Declaration. Suzuki asked the US, but got no clear reply.
The second reason that delay of the acceptance of the Potsdam Declaration was that the estimated death toll immediately after the atomic bombing of Hiroshima was about 80,000, and Hiroshima suffered less damage than the 115,000 people who died in the Tokyo air raid on March 10.
Then, another reason was that Japan was asking the Soviet Union to mediate negotiations for the end of the war under the Soviet-Japanese Neutrality Treaty.
Stalin, who promised the United States and Britain to invade some Japanese territories in exchange for the expansion of Soviet territory at the Yalta Conference, deliberately pending a response to a request for mediation from Japan.
The promised day of the Soviet invasion was August 15. Stalin, who felt the danger of Japan surrendering before the Soviet invasion due to the atomic bombing on Hiroshima on August 6, accelerated the invasion on August 9.
Ironically, this USSR's invasion cut off the hopes of some leaders who, while insisting that Japan should wait for the Soviet Union's reply, had refused to accept the Potsdam Declaration, made them agree to accept the Potsdam Declaration.
So, it was the Soviet invasion, not the atomic bombings, that led to the approval of the Potsdam Declaration.
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@Grandessaful
It seems that you know the details of the march of Batan.
So, let's see what actually happened in that march.
❶The U.S. military abandoned soldiers who were unable to move due to illness or injury, and fled after them.
❷The Japanese army took prisoners of war the American soldiers who were left behind.
❸The Japanese army tried to transport them to the camp, but the railroad that was supposed to be used for transportation was destroyed by the US military and could not be used.
Having no other means, the Japanese marched to the camp on foot with the prisoners other than very serious POW
❹They walked 60-odd kilometers for four to five days, averaging 14 kilometers for about four hours in the cool of the morning and evening a day.
❺Food was scarce for the Japanese army, but food was distributed to prisoners of war. However, due to the difference in food culture, misunderstandings arose. For example, American soldiers later denounced being forced to eat "GOBOU", a common Japanese food, as abuse.
❻ Japanese soldiers were trained and used to walking 20km a day, but American soldiers were not. In addition, many had contracted malaria due to long periods of hiding in the jungle. Statistics at O'Donnell Camp put the total number of people who died or fled during the march at about 21,000. (Deaths and escapees are added together because most of the prisoners were Filipinos, and Filipinos who deserted during the march were considered dead.)
After the war, many Japanese soldiers, including the above-mentioned burdock-fed Japanese soldier, who had marched on Bataan and managed the camp, were executed on slight suspicion.
On the other hand, the Allied records of Japanese prisoners of war show that surrendering Japanese soldiers had a 1% chance of being taken prisoner, and 99% were simply killed.
The famous one is the memoir of Charles Lindbergh, who went to the battlefield as a volunteer pilot. Below are just a few excerpts.
- The reason why the number of Japanese prisoners of war in each region of the Pacific front is unusually small compared to the European front is that American soldiers do not want to take prisoners of war, although they can take as many prisoners as they want. Even if Japanese raise their hand and surrender, they will kill everyone.
- At one point they took 2000 prisoners, but only 100 or 200 were brought back to headquarters. The rest of the guys had a little incident. Knowing this, their comrades-in-arms will not want to surrender.
- Officers wanted prisoners for interrogation. A special bonus of two weeks' vacation to Sydney for each prisoner resulted in more prisoners than could be handled. When vacation pay was cut off, no prisoners were taken, and American soldiers lied that no prisoners were taken.
The Japanese soldiers should have known that most of the surrendered Japanese soldiers were simply killed without being taken prisoner. I think that may have affected the handling of POW in Japanese camps.
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As can be seen from the “A note to Roosevelt'' written on Iwo Jima, the Japanese feared that “the Japanese people would be exterminated.” This was also the reason why Japan went to war with the United States.
1. What did Americans do to Native Americans?
2. What did the United States do to the Kingdom of Hawaii?
3. Roosevelt's white supremacy and hatred of Japan.
Considering these three points, it was natural for the Japanese to worry about what would happen after "unconditional surrender."
So, the Japanese government was asking the United States for peace talks.
The Potsdam Declaration stated that while the Allies called for the unconditional surrender and disbandment of the Japanese military, they had no intention of enslaving Japanese civilians.
However, there was no mention of the emperor's retention.
Even if Japan does not become a slave to America, it will lose its country if it loses its emperor and becomes a communist country.
Stimson's notes state that he proposed informally conveying that US would guarantee the Emperor's retention.
However, even when the Japanese government asked the United States about this very important point for Japan, it did not receive a clear answer.
The cabinet meeting was a discussion between pro-Soviet factions, who argued that the government should wait for a response mediated by the Soviet Union, and conservative factions, who argued that negotiations should continue to ensure the retention of the Emperor.
With the invasion of the Soviet Union on August 9, pro-Soviet factions agreed to accept the Potsdam Declaration, and with a majority in favor of acceptance, the Japanese government accepted the Potsdam Declaration and surrendered.
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I believe that the use of atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki was done for the following purposes.
・Acts of demonstration against the Soviet Union
・Human experiments on living people
But Stalin, who knew the information about the atomic bomb in advance, was not surprised.
Then, you don't seem to know that human experiments in the United States continued after the war.
What the United States gained was not only "the opportunity to drop a new type of atomic bomb on cities where people actually lived and confirm casualties."
After the war, several U.S. government agencies conducted studies on the effects of the atomic bomb, including radiation measurements in Hiroshima, Nagasaki, and surrounding areas.
Hiroshima and Nagasaki were the testing grounds for their new bombs.
And of course, the Japanese people who survived the atomic bombing were their guinea pigs.
The United States established the ABCC out of “the need to permanently investigate the destructive power that radioactivity has on the human body.”
ABCC put people who were harmed by atomic bombs in their facility saying they would treat those patients.
However, No treatment was given to the interned Hibakusha.
They took blood from patients, photographed wounds and keloids, recorded their condition, took organs when they died.
They sent those organs and etc. to the United States as samples with various investigations and records.
On the other hand, the treatment of Japanese doctors was banned.
Their medical records were taken away and the requests for medicine to the Red Cross were stopped.
By GHQ, it was banned to report all of above things about ABCC and GHQ.
ABCC at last announced in 2018 that it had not treated the A-bomb survivors at all.
The atomic bombing is not a thing of the past.
Even now, some people still die from diseases caused by radiation exposure, and the number of victims in Hiroshima and Nagasaki exceeded 520,000 by 2023.
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