Comments by "Kasumi Rina" (@KasumiRINA) on "World of Antiquity"
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Changsha is famous in literature and Chinese media for the battle where Liu Bei sent his generals to defeat four regional leaders, as Guan Yu dueled a veteran general Huang Zhong (who on falling from a horse claimed it was the actually the animal that was too old)... They exchanged signs of honor after nobody could get the upper hand after having three duels, so the defending commander Han Xuan got really mad at Huang Zhong returning without victory, and tried to execute him for it... Enraged by that, another general, Wei Yan, killed Han Xuan and saved Huang Zhong, and they both swore loyalty to Liu Bei. Conquest of Changsha formed the base of a force that would later become the Shu Han kingdom, even though Liu Bei had to flee it soon and it became part of Wu, then Jin. But that's just one story from Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a chapter of region's endless landmarks and legends.
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As far as I understand, man made climate change doesn't mean it wouldn't have changed on its own, but that because of human actions the changes are too big, sudden, and damaging, so men accelerate global warming and other side effects, and that's how we moved to record high heat waves which would be unrealistic a few years ago.
This is how it works with environment: trees die all the time, and there are forest fires that happen without human action, but when people just wipe out an entire wood, multiple times, nature can't really adapt as fast and the whole ecosystem risks collapsing. For example, in my country, Ukraine, massively chopped woods in Carpathians during late 20th century led to rock hails that destroyed plants and crops, leading to a chain reaction that permanently damaged the surroundings.
Similarly, the Amazon rainforest in Brazil has a natural amount of fires that everything in nature adapted to, and recent ones are way beyond that and the biome is simply not ready for it... I also heard how badly fracking damaged Bangladesh long term for short term gains in other countries so am very skeptical about that method to get more fossil fuels.
SO the arguments of man-made climate change deniers mostly take the form of "it would have happened anyway" ignoring how there's a huge difference between animals eventually dying and hunters wiping out their entire bloodline in a few generations. Similarly with CO2 emissions and whatever is outside right now no thanks to oil barons.
Ecosystem is very fragile, look up the sparrows in China how removing a single tiny predator led to millions starving.
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40:47 Despite never claiming to hold entire China, the Eastern Wu kingdom was arguably the most successful of the 3 Kingdoms, and though the Sun (Wu) family fell and lost power to Sima (Jin), it was their lands that remained the only ones not conquered by "5 barbarians" invasions, as China lost their imperial capitals, Luoyang and Chang'an, as well as largest cities in the North, as well as former capitals of Shu (Chengdu) and Cao Wei (Xuchang) all very soon after Jin replaced Wei (Gaoping tombs, long story) and itself went into civil "8 Princes" war...
That's how you get so much Wu and Eastern Jin documents around Changsha, Nanjing and so on. They were the final frontier of what was left of centralized rule of Han China in fourth century after years of "unification" wars, and resulting famines and emigration (people fleeing from the warlords) destroyed most of the country up north.
The population of China diminished so much in that century of civil conflict, strife and everything that comes with it, that it was not matched until World War 2 or possibly Taiping Rebellion in 19th century... Though some scholars believe that the devastation was exaggerated in records thanks to chaos letting people avoid census – and taxes.
Highly recommend reading Romance of the Three Kingdoms or watching its adaptations, especially if you like KOEI games or 3K Total War. It's basically Chinese Shakespeare but if all stories flew one into another instead of being separate.
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@christophercripps7639 oh lmao why would they claim pyramids made almost 3000 years before METER was invented to correspond to metric measurements? Unlike pi, which is a ratio found in geometry naturally (just written down using decimal system), metric system is ENTIRELY arbitrary. Some French guys just decided to make a standardized measurement, and even they made a mistake with their methodology (ratio they based distance off) so anyone in antiquity would not only decide to invent metric system the same exact way, they'd have to ALSO make extremely similar mistakes. In short, their measurement of the Paris meridian arc between Dunkirk and Barcelona 0.02% off, which isn't much but with measurements of a PLANET, adds up so polar circumference of the Earth is 40,008 km, instead of 40,000.
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@TomMorrison-cc6xw nation states are a modern concept. You'd think unifying it in 3rd century BC is way sooner than Greece or Italy, which despite ancient history, only became unified states around 200 years ago, and not 2200 like Han China did. By 3rd Century, Eastern Wu was totally doing classic colonization, as in, on boats, reservationing the natives along Yangtze (the Shanyue mostly) not unlike what Brits would later do across the pond. Han and its successors did very same things to Xiongnu, that Tangut people, Western "barbarians" and various southern tribes, Vietnam and even Korea, which was vassalized by Wei. So by 200 BC they started an EMPIRE, which is a bit after Persia or Egypt, but still earlier than Rome did it.
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@botarakutabi1199 Exactly, engineers used strings, ropes, grips, wheels, boards, water, sand, plum stones, and most importantly, all kinds of levers, plus other nifty tricks, to make labor easier... but you still need to get energy somewhere, and without a motor converting fuel (steam, coal, oil, electricity whatever) into motion, you have to use human power.
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We actually know how Egyptians wrote the names down, and can compare and contrast them with Greek ones, i.e. Iset is 𓊨𓏏𓆇𓁐, ꜣst; Coptic: Ⲏⲥⲉ/Ēse; Greek: Ἶσις, and the Coptic pronounciations (last version of Egyptian language) is known, but that's Classical era, and languages change a lot (compare modern English with Shakespeare), so while we known how they were named in Egyptian, as there's no diactric marks, we don't know vowels (they had something similar to abjad, like Hebrew or Arabic, so consonants only, not a full alphabet), and it's mostly guess-work and cross-referencing names to know the ANCIENT pronounciations. So Osiris would be ⲟⲩⲥⲓⲣⲉ/ousire in Coptic, but it's not how they would pronounce the name millenia before.
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Personally, I think the myth is heavily inspired by general real cataclysms – similar how unrelated cultures have great flood myths, this is just Greek version of that, with knowledge that Minoans and Mycenaeans. "Man build tower, man arrogant, man cast down" and washed away... Stories retold to avoid making the same mistakes people always did. That is the point, not underwater loot!
For this reason I don't see a point "finding the Exodus Pharaoh", he's not named for a reason... that's not the point of the story, fighting back against oppression and freeing slaves is. I find this extremely relatable, there's always SOME tinpot "pharaoh" who'd rather sacrifice his country's first born sons than stop invading... yeah, it's very applicable to any anti-colonial movement.
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16:02 This isn't even specific for antiquity, most high ranking people were dictating and either scribes or, later, editors for printing, were writing it down, that's even if they composed the texts themselves, I mean you don't expect Biden to write his own press releases, right? A personal note from, say, Queen of Sweden, is rare even now!
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@D3adCl0wn that's because debunkers focus on wrong things. The governments ARE lying to people, but not in the way conspiracy nuts (which are often just supported by hostile actors) get fooled into... for example, one of the reasons a lot of Black people in USA are skeptical about vaccines and doctors is because of pretty horribly history of lies and abuse by Americans medics against their community. So instead of trying to debunk Earth shape, you need to focus on why people feel betrayed or left out by the state, and touch on the real issues that are obscured by conspiratorial nonsense...
Example, USA lied during Iran-Contra affair. Arming their enemies... people bring that up (or whatever related to Saddam) and assume the opposite side is truthful and eat up russian or Chinese propaganda with zero critical thinking... it's one of the reasons TikTok is harmful: undiluted CCP controlled platform. There are cooks who see "UK public broadcaster" label on BBC and scream it's propaganda while getting mad at russia today correspondent from UK like Galloway getting label of being labeled as "russian state media", which he is.
Address people's actual worries instead of just debunking each conspiracy at the time... you're fighting phantoms otherwise, a hydra, cut off one head, two more grow. SOMEONE WHO LOST TRUST IN MEDIA AFTER IRAQ WON'T RECOVER IT AFTER YOU PROVE THE HORIZON TO THEM, the issues are deeper and governments don't help it.
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10:20 Writing this before seeing your response to test myself: as a kid from children's pop science books, I learned that Horus is the god of SKY, not just sun, the sun gods were Amun and Ra (or Re), later combined into Amun-Ra... Set was NOT a god of darkness, at all. He was god of dry sandy wind. Very specific to region deity, which wouldn't really work outside of desert. He also wasn't always seen as evil, as Seti and Ramesses dynasty worshiped him as their main deity.
It's such a streeeeeetch, almost as if they wanted to claim common dichotomy of light vs dark AND a tie to Egypt as it's popular, and managed to miss that there's Ra defeating Apep the snake (anyone who played Assassin's Creed Origins would know) and raising the sky chariot every dawn that would fit way more, but they went with Horus vs Set because they played Tomb Raider 4 or something... Nah, they wanted to make a Cain/Abel parallel, which also wouldn't work (they aren't even brothers), later.
P.S. I specifically quoted non-academic stuff but things a CHILD would know, for example, you go into Duat and see the giant skeleton of Apep in Assassin's Creed, a game series that never claimed great historical accuracy but the guys like Peter Joseph don't even pass the videogame level of knowledge on Egyptian myths. Or children's book level of cursory knowledge on ancient Egypt... Did he even watch the Mummy? :3
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@ so by your logic, every American and Canadian is an Englishman. Except ppl in Quebec, who are French. Also nationalism wasn't a thing back then, Ptolemaic Egypt WAS EGYPT. Not Greece.
I'm so tired of Westerners claiming other people's achievements as their own, USAtians saying "I am 2% Irish that means I take credit for building stone henge"...
NO. You are American if you're born in America. Full stop. You're not Greek, Irish, or German. If you were born, lived and worked all of your life in Africa, it's pretty ridiculous when people 2000 years later claim you're a European.
And EVERYBODY was Greekified back then, Israel, Egypt, Persia, Rome... doesn't mean Jesus disciples were Greeks because they spoke Koine same way I speak English now.
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@TonyJack74 Exodus is a national myth, a story that serves as a basis for Jewish nation. Arguing about its historicity is as dorky as trying to explain agriculture with Parable of the Sower, missing the entire point. Exodus didn't just happen once, it's celebrated every Passover, and it's a story about Egypt that repeated in Babylon, then Roman Empire and even going as far as 1990s Aliyah from USSR. That's why people trying to find "the Exodus pharaoh" will never match him, he was Ramses, Nebuchadnezzar, Vespasian, the Austrian painter, and even Brezhnev.
Christian Easter is directly related too, as Jesus just replaces the actual lamb (animal sacrifice as per story) as the Lamb of God, but you can't have Pascha without Pesach.
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@Mark_GL yes, also Assad, Lukashenko, Kims, and the Ayatollah. They're the ones that are left but 20th century had some of the worst guys in history, apart from known WW2 ones, I want to highlight how batshit insane Pol Pot was, also Yugoslavia leaders (Milosevic, Mladic, Karajic), the most shocking of which is they did Unit 731 level stuff in 1990s.
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Hey most of them aren't crap, it's just that apart from the Giza ones, the ones that are most famous are those that stand out. Djoser's first pyramid is already amazing, as it has actual chambers and tunnels inside (most, apart from the Great one, don't)... but yeah it's also my argument: LOOK AT OTHER PYRAMIDS! Hell, go to Google maps, or use a flight sim to just go up the Nile and see that after Giza, there's Dahshur and Saqqara necropolises. If you can't even that, play Discovery Tour in Assassin's Creed Origins, it has so many to explore! There's even a quest in the Bent pyramid lol.
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Ironically, there are many cases in history where there WAS a more advanced (at least in stone masonry) civilization that wasn't matched for the ones that followed for some time. Like Greece or Rome. Or some of the pre-Inca Andean civilizations. None of those cases are mysterious, I mean, nobody gets surprised that a Roman aqueduct is more advanced than whatever the vandals and goths made during what was previously known as dark ages.
Why they keep trying to claim Egypt has mysterious whatever instead of admitting the cyclic nature of civilization, as dynasties fell and empires collapsed and then were reunited or conquered, which perfectly explains why, say, they suddenly stopped making pyramids, for example. For similar reasons Greeks stopped building Acropolises. Things change with time, some tech becomes obsolete, making no point to, say, maintain Greek fire recipe in gunpowder age.
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14:00 WAIT, you JUST said that there's no way Middle-Eastern peasants could learn of Krishna, how the hell would Jews in Ancient Israel learn about European pagan holidays? Easter is just English name for Pascha/Pesach, OUTSIDE of Anglophone world, we DO NOT HAVE SEPARATE NAMES FOR EASTER AND PASSOVER, one is called "Orthodox Pascha", other "Catholic Pascha", third is "Jewish Pascha", they sometimes coincide. The celebration comes from story of Exodus, so no later than Babylonian exile, and is about sacrificial lamb that protected Jews from the plagues, specifically the final one that took the firstborn – in Christian tradition, Jesus IS the Lamb of God, and His sacrifice is celebrated, but otherwise it IS the same holiday.
Reason I am pedantic with that is because the "people in Middle East stole muh tradishuns from white Europeans" is absolutely playing into their "ancient aryan" hypothesis. Christian Pascha comes from Jewish Pesach, there's absolutely no way around it... Claiming anything else is kind of like denying that Christianity began as a branch of Judaism.
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Touché. You are trying to laugh at people who say "government is lying to you about shape of the Earth", because you debunk only the second part... Do I think tRump's government lied about vaccines, warp speed and all? No. Pfizer ones are good. Do I think Obama and Merkel lied when they said russian reboot is good and putin won't invade? Of course, I can hear the explosions outside my window... I deliberately chose one time the orange was on the right side, he supported vaccinations, and the horrible foreign policy of the West before (and during) his administration...
Governments aren't to be trusted. Western media lied about white-washing putin so many times, we in Ukraine consider New York Times a Kremlin-run paper... what it doesn't mean that russian media is better, it's WAY worse, like you can literally do the opposite they suggest, all the time. Problem in conspiracy nuts isn't that they're skeptical of mainstream but that they blindly believed it and then got their trust betrayed, so now become reactionaries who think that for some silly reason your government wants you to die instead of being healthy and paying more taxes forever.
Does anyone REALLY think that proving the Earth isn't a dinosaur shape would somehow stop gullible people from thinking the guys who sold weapons to Iraq, AND Iran, and currently export missile components to russia think about your well-being? No. The problem isn't mistrust in the government, which is warrented, it's blindly trusting foreign, hostile governments... like FFS, just because NATO leaders are crooked and want to buy oil from russians without those pesky Ukrainians complaining doesn't mean you can bloody believe in TikTok under Chinese Communist party's watchful eye!
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32:13 In Ukraine we have a village idiot from Tiraspol named Valeria Lukyanova, better known under various aliases like Amatue, Nakhema and Baginya ("gaddess," yes, misspelled), and she is most famous for heavily photoshopping her photos (poorly but enough for media to label her Ukrainian Barbie), and being really, REALLY dumb. SO among her claims of Out of body experiences, claims of being from Atlantis and living on a "breathetarian" diet, she claimed to be from Pleiades. This guy is literally dumber as he managed to miss one of first thing their little new age pseudo-historical cult does. (Oh they're also all white supremacist, that Atlantis/Pleiades/Hyperborea claim is used for that, it was like that since Helena Blavatskaya).
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