Comments by "Kasumi Rina" (@KasumiRINA) on "Extra History"
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Rasputin actually survived an earlier attempt on his life when he was knifed, as he was a huge, physically tough man, that probably contributed to poison being not potent enough, so the THIRD real murder of him worked, so for what it's worth, the historical three attempts on his life with different weapons were a thing. Rasputin was thrown into a river. As water was found in his lungs, people gossiped about him surviving the shot and drowning, which, again, while doubtful in this specific case - is not a fantasy scenario, as even a lethal gunshot won't necessarily kill outright. FINALLY, when they burned his body, the ligaments snapped and corpse twitched - now he was 100% dead at that point but it just looked to be creepy and demonic.
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They did. Two of the three ladies in Boney M, Liz Mitchell and Marcia Barrett, were actual lead singers (Maizie Williams didn't sing in the studio), but their guy, Bobby Farrell, was a lip-syncing dancer, yeah, and Frank Farian, the producer, did both some of the high-pitched back vocals, and the low male voice in most of their tracks. Specifically, he pulled a Milli Vanilli with just the guy in Boney M.
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Everyone called them tsar though. And empress, tsarina, children, tsarevich and tsarevna etc... My grandma talking of her ancestors said they lived "pri tsare", "during tsar", I literally didn't hear the word emperor used for then-dictators of mordor before I seen Western sources. Everybody in ex-USSR always just said "tsar."
And no, tsar isn't same level of kaiser/ceasar despite being a translation of one. It's exactly how king is sometimes translated into russian. Polish king = Polski tsar. Specifically, official title of russian emperor ALSO listed him as tsar/king of several countries, so tsar IS a junior title to emperor and indeed, Nicholas WAS a tsar, that title was listed multiple times, in fact. Wiki copy-paste:
"Императоръ и Самодержецъ Всероссійскій, Московскій, Кіевскій, Владимірскій, Новгородскій; Царь Казанскій, Царь Астраханскій, Царь Польскій, Царь Сибирскій, Царь Херсониса Таврическаго, Царь Грузинскій; Государь Псковскій и Великій Князь..."
"Emperor and Autocrat of all russia, muscovy, Kyiv, Volodymyr, Novgorod, TSAR of Kazan, TSAR of Astrakhan, TSAR of Poland, TSAR of Sibera, TSAR of Chersonesos of Tavria, TSAR of Georgia, Sovereign of Pskov and Great Prince of..."
Then go the lesser, regional titles. Just elaborating that emperor held titles of being a tsar of several tsardoms. Etymologically, tsar is close to kaiser but russia tried to westernize yeah, so they used emperor/imperator as higher title in official documents instead and tsar for lesser ones, think how Wang in China is King/Prince, but Di is Emperor.
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Oh and Eastern equivalent of Emperor is Khagan aka "supreme khan", actually, some rulers took it in Kievan Rus' during Dark Ages (way before moscow was built), but it didn't really last... What's translated as "prince" or "duke" in English is "knyaz", which is equivalent of the viking title of konung (as in, prince Volodymyr would be konung Waldamarr in Norse sagas). Principality = knyazhestvo, knyaz-dom, lol. But those titles aren't related to modern russia, Rus' is geographically closer to modern day states of Ukraine and Belarus.
The russian state emerged when Ivan III and IV, the Terrible, took titles of Tsar, transforming muscovy from a principality into a tsardom, and the westernization came a few centuries later with Peter the I'st reforms. They weren't really popular so people kept using the titles from moscow tsardom era vernacularly. Hell, Peter the Great isn't even known by that name as much as Peter the first, "Petr pervy". Even later, white russians would pray for return of the "Tsar-batyushka", the "king-daddy" (yes), not "emperor"... It just never caught on.
Overall the whole episode and his explanation here was absolutely amazing, I was very surprised at the research they did because russian history is very muddled (several tsars literally ordered archives to get a little Alexandria library style fire) and it's hard to tell what was myth vs real events. It's VERY RARE for western historians to not fall into the trap of russian revisionism and propaganda. I hope they do Ivan the Terrible because he's being horribly romanticized in russia nowadays with putin giving orders to rehabilitate several convicted criminals linked to him. Seriously.
Oh and there's secret police tradition that goes way back they touched the middle part of the Oprichniki-ohrana-KGB-FSB chain.
tl;dr: Real good job on everything and yes, people "correcting" tsar to emperor aren't entirely correct because titles on paper are one thing and how the emperors were called in real life is another.
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@CentristDad155 how can you avoid mistakes of taking over natives land, erasing majority of them from existence and throwing them into reservation when you are enjoying the spoils? Like it's still an ongoing process, I don't see any movement of returning the settlers back into slums of Hamburg or something... Shakespeare pretty much summed it up (of course he did) in Hamlet, when Claudius is praying, he says:
My fault is past. But, O, what form of prayer
Can serve my turn? “Forgive me my foul murder”?
That cannot be, since I am still possessed
Of those effects for which I did the murder:
My crown, mine own ambition, and my queen.
May one be pardoned and retain th’ offense?
You can't REALLY stop repeating offenses when you are directly profiting from them... Did USA even pay reparations? Like Germans and Japanese understand they won't bring the dead back, but they at least trying to do something to the ones they hurt, in fact I am pretty sure Americans forced both to pay... but never issues major reparations for slavery or colonization, you know, just for starters.
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Austria is literally the only country in Europe that doesn't support Ukraine, as their former leader (not that one) danced with putin at her wedding, among other things... Turkey is leading sanction-avoiding hub now with almost ALL flights and sales to russia going through it, DESPITE it being in NATO. But yes, they do help Ukraine a lot, Baykar specifically but help in general. Ukrainians also sent help to earthquake victims in return.
Funnily enough, despite Ukrainians helping everyone all the time, even when we're full of russia-shaped problems ourselves, when russians blew up the dam there was NO international help, Only singular volunteers. UN, Unicef, Red Cross, PETA, and IAEA are all upholding russian narrative that it was "nature" the rigged powerplant with explosives, mined the nuclear power plant, and is firing artillery from it into the town across the shore.
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Literally all researches and teachers I heard said how Aeneid was a prime example of propaganda piece to justify autocracy to people who grew up in a Republic. If you have your alternate version, throwing phrases like "historically accurate" around, the burden of proof is on you. Literally wikipedia:
"Virgil took the disconnected tales of Aeneas's wanderings, his vague association with the foundation of Rome and his description as a personage of no fixed characteristics other than a scrupulous pietas, and fashioned the Aeneid into a compelling founding myth or national epic that tied Rome to the legends of Troy, explained the Punic Wars, glorified traditional Roman virtues, and legitimized the Julio-Claudian dynasty as descendants of the founders, heroes, and gods of Rome and Troy..."
Try reading Shakespeare, you'll find his plays are not even trying to hide they are commissioned to glorify things the Tudors (Richard II & Henrys), Scotland (MacBeth), and monarchy over democracy (Coriolanus). Vergil wasn't some perfect unbiased author in a vacuum, he also worked for the state.
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@Ake-TL we don't know how tanned they were. However, modern Egyptians literally have almost the same DNA (ancient ones mixed with other peoples too), so just look at modern population of Egypt to compare, seriously. Genetically, they are mostly North Africans like Libyans and Tunisians with little West Asian admix, while Jews and Arabs are west Asians, so not quite as related as we think.
Also, ancient society had no racial segregation so families were mixing a lot, a lot of Greek men married Egyptian women, either were adopting Persian culture to serve in cavalry and officially listed as Iranians. Plus one of Cleo's ancestors married a woman from Seleucids in Syria, so she HAD mixed blood despite all the incest! Also Alex is supposed to be kinda pale and fair-haired if we go by his mosaic, while the only colored contemporary images of Cleopatra show her with RED hair, but that might be artistic license. TBH I am happy they did her with correct hairstyle! Ramses had red hair though. Dyed on his mummy.
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@Pavlos_Charalambous I think that's exactly the point of OP, Greek gods being much more... human, while Egyptians, for example, had a dog-headed Anubis weighing hearts to Maat feather so that the heavy ones would be eaten by a hippo-bodies goddess with a head of a crocodile. And they did things like that just because, as omnipotent but aloof wise beings, especially compared to VERY human emotion and motivations of lustful, jealous or angry Greek gods. To an extent, the most similar characters in the Bible aren't any sort of gods, even pagan ones, but... actual people. Patriarchs and matriarchs: Hera and Athena seem much closer to Sarah or Rachel than to Ishtar or Iset.
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It's also the thing that people who call themselves Arabs now, i.e. in Syrian Arab Republic and Egyptian Arab Republic, are mostly descendants of the native peoples, they just choose a pan-Arabic identity, retroactively becoming Arabs even if their ancestors lived in Levant or North Africa and never the Arabian peninsula. So, most Syrians or Egyptians nowadays call themselves Arabs, while being, well, Syrian or Egyptian. Same with Nabatea, which is basically Jordan and Sinai, too. It's worse in North Africa where countries like Tunisia, Libya, Algeria and Morocco are Arabs on paper, but are all Africans with not a part of their lands in Asia. Kinda the same with Balkan peoples and Bulgars calling themselves Slavic. It's a extra-national identity over genetic ethnicity.
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@millardwashington6216 Britain and France didn't split Eastern Europe, russia and Germany did. In 1772, 1793, 1795, 1814, 1815, 1831, 1846, 1864, 1914, 1920, 1939, 1945, 1968, 1989, 1991, 2008, then from 2014 and still ongoing.
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@Ethan-cz8xq it's true even today. After successful revolutions in most of East Europe and the Arab Spring in middle East made dictators run with their lives, Venezuela, the country that suffered the worst under a corrupt regime, started protesting... then stopped when there wasn't enough food. Instead, people were just fleeing to Peru or Colombia, many through bordering Ecuador. Recently, Bolivia, Zimbabwe, and even Sudan had their leaders arrested or chased away but Maduro, the worst of them all, is still in power.
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in russia, they call every explosion "a clap", which is a meme because the word for clapping, "хлопок", is written the same way as "cotton", so we made fun of their newspeak by making "бавовна", the Ukrainian for cotton, synonymous with explosions in russia. Other terms they use are "ensmoking" for fire, "underwatering" for flood, and "special military operation" for war, the last is the most ridiculous as "war" and "military" have the same root in russian so it really sounds like them saying "it's not war it's just a... special warring thingy"
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@basilofgoodwishes4138 States in China did see their country as one, and that whole war was about unification, not independence... and starting with Han, which came right after Qin's two-generation rule (which, in turn, united the country as the result of the Warring States war), Chinese people did assume a common identity, and forced that on conquered peoples. Greeks were also colonizing far and wide by he point of Persian invasions, having colonies from Cyrene in Lybia and Syracuse in Sicily, all way to Odessos in Bulgaria and Olbia, Chersonesus, Theodosia and others cities in Ukraine, they kept a common cultural identity, and built Gymnasiums, where... only Hellene males were admitted. So they HAD TO have some sort of unifying identity, even if they were ethnically diverse, had several dialects and local gods, you still have them recognizing a Hellene/Greek identity all way to 7th century BC. And yeah, the Olympics. Arabs today is good comparison because much like Greeks and Chinese, plenty of non-related peoples were "converted" to their culture.
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Note that after Hideyoshi died, the Toyotomi Shogunate eased persecution on Christianity (while still hating foreigners), but after losing Sekigahara, a lot of Christian daimyos were on the Western Army side, so they lost power (in Yukinaga Konishi's case, also his head), and a few Tokugawa emperors and many discriminatory edits later, the Shimabara rebellion led by a Catholic boy Amakusa Shirou broke out, and Christianity was outright banned after Buddhists massacred all Christian women and children. Surprisingly, in the shadows, Japanese Kirishitans as they called themselves, kept their faith alive for over two centuries in isolation.
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@thastayapongsak4422 No, Christianity teaches that soul is immortal and contradicts reincarnation. Also, to contrast, Penitent Thief story teaches that a repentance is enough, period. No karma, no dues to pay, you're free as soon as you repent – it was important to note that the Thief was already crucified, so it was physically impossible for him to repay anything or become good or whatever in life, as he died soon after, and in tradition becomes the FIRST person to follow Jesus into heaven.
One of traditional beliefs is before Resurrection, souls awaited in Sheol, Judaist underworld similar to Greek Hades. But note that there wasn't one view in Jewish faith on that, i.e. in New Testament we see conflicts between Sadducees, an aristocratic denomination that didn't have afterlife, and Pharisees, which was the denomination later Rabbinic Judaism was founded upon, which shares a lot of beliefs with Christianity, despite being THE most critiqued religion by Jesus in Gospels. There were also other splinters like Essenes (of Dead Sea Scrolls fame) living a hermit lifestyle in caves and rebellions Zealots, which put minor religious differences aside as they considered fighting back against Rome more important.
And Purgatory is a mostly-Catholic concept closer to Buddhist Arahant, but it's not based on canon. IIRC, there's still debates between salvation based on Faith and salvation based on Deeds (and views that work in both and/or either), but the somewhere-in-the-middle temporary place between heaven and hell is not a widely followed belief.
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You forgot Nefertiti. She's the top 3 known Egyptians with Cleo and Nef's stepson, who, well... Tutankhamen is mostly known for his tomb, his reign was uneventful apart from restoring polytheism. The sequel to Ramses is also famous for the Percy Shelley poem Ozymandias, which mocks his "look at my works, ye mighty and despair" inscription that was found in a field of endless sand (like, WHAT works, lmao)... he's also an OP Rider. Cyrus is definitely most famous Persian, as he's the guy from Bible who Jews respect for freeing them from captivity, and screwing over Babylon and the Morpheus ship guy (don't ask me to spell Nebucah... Nobyhedzazzar), Herod is INfamous baby-killer from New Testament... Well, if Bible is your main source, I'd say the most famous pharaoh is the Exodus one BUT nobody knows his name... Obviously David and Solomon are the more famous kings from there. Finally, Leonidas is known for how he lost the battle so hard that Berserker guy steamrolled and burned down Athens to the ground. HOWEVER, Herodotus started the tradition of Europeans glorifying losses and building heroic propaganda around them, so Spartans became the first to lose so legendarily before things like Borodino, Light Brigade's Charge and Pearl Harbor copied the pattern by immortalizing heroism by the losing side in military disasters (it helps if the side who lost the battle won the war in the end though).
Still, Cleopatra and Ceasar are the most popular historical figures of all time, period. Even German leaders literally called themselves Kaiser like up to WW1... russian word Tsar is literally just a form of Caesar. All because of a guy who got crazy over his Egyptian lover and decided to deify himself like pharaohs did in Egypt. The only one who can rival this couple in popularity is MAYBE Alexander the Great on male side, but there's no woman in history who's as well known as Cleopatra the seventh, Philopator.
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@minestar2247 name three atheist scientists who invented something people actually use. I deliberately looked it up, and between cars, electricity, gunpowder, alcohol, pasteurization, refrigerators, an so on, going WAY back to scientific method itself developed in Golden Age of Islam based on Greek pagan sciences, I can't find THREE atheistic scientists who did something useful. Most things that were invented all track to someone having either traditional boring going-into-local-church-on-holidays background or some extra wacky beliefs like Newton...
Like it seems at this point all atheists do is write books and complain about religion online. Atheism is like a religious version of veganism. They just keep pestering and annoying people to no end without being asked... At least they don't get their way in government anymore, we had that from 1920 in Ukraine, got rid of forced atheism in 1991 and are never going back, though people have freedom to be unbelievers, every Lenin statue still gets its head chopped off... And no, tech bros theorizing about crypto and making a slave colony on Mars isn't helping.
IMO Korolev the Ukrainian rocket man sending a гussіаn into space was a noble goal, but he failed by not sending them all. /s TBH
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