Comments by "" (@user-si2dr1pn3p) on "Knowledgia"
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@chanupamayadunne6826 In the 1230s, in the battle of Dorogichin, Prince Daniil Romanovich managed to defeat the troops of the German invaders.
On April 5, 1242, the Germans suffered a crushing defeat on Lake Peipsi. After that, peace was concluded between the order and Novgorod, according to which the Germans returned all the occupied territories.
In 1268, a great battle took place near the Wesenberg fortress. The Russians won.
A year later, the Germans attacked Pskov and besieged it for ten days, but the Russians won.
On November 20, 1501, the Battle of Helmed took place. Russian troops had to face field artillery. The guns did not affect the course of the battle, the army of the Livonian Confederation was defeated. And the Russians, with fire and sword, marched through the enemy land up to Revel.
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@chanupamayadunne6826 In WW2, all of Europe fought against the USSR (with the exception of our ally, Great Britain and the Partisans of Serbia, who did not surrender to the Germans). 350 million Europeans produced weapons for the Wehrmacht and fought against the USSR. The number of the USSR was 190 million people.
Among the prisoners of war in the Soviet camps were tens of thousands of Poles, Norwegians, Danes, Dutch, Flemings, Walloons, Swedes, Swiss, French, British, Irish ... etc
The German army was supplied with weapons and food from all over Europe. The French not only transferred all the tanks to the Germans, but also produced a huge amount of military equipment - from automobile to optical rangefinders.
The Czechs, with only one Skoda company producing more weapons than the entire pre-war UK, built a fleet of German tanks, a large number of tanks, aircraft, small arms, artillery and ammunition. Every third German tank that participated in the operation of Barbarossa was produced in Skoda.
The Poles built airplanes, made explosives, gasoline and rubber to kill Soviet citizens;
The French provided the Germans with their ship repair. German submarines were stationed in France and repaired.
Even "neutral" countries such as Sweden and Switzerland supported fascist Germany with iron ore, steel, money, high-precision tools, medicines, the provision of transit routes, etc. The Swedes supplied military equipment components and rare earth materials. All large, technically advanced European companies carried out German military orders.
The Norwegians supplied the Nazis with seafood, Danes oil. In short, all of Europe worked for Germany.
Germany received significant assistance from the United States and Latin America through intermediaries — gasoline and oil worth several tens of millions of dollars. The Venezuelan branch of Standard Oil alone sent 13,000 tons of oil a month to Germany, which was immediately processed into gasoline by the powerful chemical industry of the Reich.
Until the middle of 44, the tanker fleet of “neutral” Spain worked almost exclusively for the Wehrmacht and contained them with American “black gold”, which was officially provided for Madrid. It got to the point that German submarines fueled with American fuel directly by Spanish tankers immediately went to sink American ships with weapons for the USSR.
The fuel business was not limited. The Germans received tungsten, synthetic rubber, parts and spare parts for the automotive industry from the United States. It is known that 30% of Wehrmacht tires were produced at Ford plants. In the fall of 1942 alone, a Ford subsidiary in Switzerland repaired two thousand German trucks. The profit that Americans received during the war is calculated in astronomical figures.
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@chanupamayadunne6826 In the USSR, following the results of WW2, more than 1,700 cities and towns were destroyed, over 70,000 villages, over 1.5 million houses, over 31,000 factories, 39,000 hospitals, 1,520 technical schools, 334 universities, 605 research institutes, 427 museums, 43,000 libraries. 167 theaters, 65 thousand kilometers of railway tracks, 13 thousand bridges, in general, about 50% of residential apartments were destroyed ...
Tens of millions of people have lost their living space. After the war, when the soldiers returned back, they returned to empty fields (the first years the whole country lived in wooden barracks, there are still barracks in some places). If you read Western analytics in 1945, you will find such assessments: "The USSR will restore the level of industry before the war (1940) only in 1965 and only if it takes Western loans." The USSR restored the industry already in 1947 (!) And without loans. The situation was worse with the living space and other buildings. In addition, in 1946, Britain declared the so-called Cold War, while intelligence uncovered British and American plans for a nuclear war against the USSR. Therefore, instead of rebuilding the country, incredible resources and forces were redirected to militarization.
If it were not for the European invasion, the communists would have built palaces for ordinary people, the whole country could have been covered with palaces and a large living space (to this day, the apartments of the Stalin era are the best and often the most expensive, they are so incredible, they are really palaces). Today, no one builds such an apartment for ordinary people, only rare buildings for billionaires.
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@chanupamayadunne6826 I can not describe all the assistance that the United States provided to Hitler to prepare WW2. I will give only a small part:
In 1929, an agreement was signed between the American oil trust Standard Oil and the German chemical concern IG Farbenindustri, which played a crucial role in preparing Nazi Germany for the world war. Concern IG Farbenindustri received over $ 60 million from Standard Oil to develop industrial-scale synthetic fuel production technology. With the advent of the Nazis to power, the ties between the US and German monopolies became even closer.
In just eight months of 1934, the American aircraft company Aircraft Corporation increased its exports to Germany compared to 1933 by 6.4 times. In addition to Aircraft Corporation, other American firms also supplied aircraft. United Aircraft Transport imported parts for the construction of aircraft; Sperry Gyroscope Company imported aviation radio equipment. American companies such as Curtiss Wright, American aircraft, and others sent their products to Germany on a large scale.
Of particular importance to Germany was the granting by it of American firms of patents for the latest inventions in the field of aviation. Pratt & Whitney has entered into an agreement with the German company Bayerisch Motverke to transfer a patent to Germany for air-cooled aircraft engines. Their patents for military aircraft were transferred to the German company by the American company United Aircraft Export. The largest American company Douglas sold a patent for a new aircraft to Germany.
In February 1933, the Dupont American Chemical Trust entered into an agreement with IG Farbenindustri on the sale of explosives and ammunition that were sent to Germany through the Netherlands.
Already in 1934, the supply of arms from the United States to Germany took such proportions that the Senate Commission for the Investigation of the Activities of Military Enterprises became interested in them. The Commission found that between US and German firms there are many secret agreements on mutual information and the exchange of patents in the field of weapons. Commissioner Senator Clark said: “If Germany had shown activity in the military sense tomorrow, it would have been more powerful thanks to patents and technical experience transferred to it by American firms.”
In 1940, US Secretary of State Frank Knox admitted that "in 1934 and 1935. Hitler was supplied with hundreds of first-class aircraft engines manufactured in the USA, and the Senate Commission in the same 1940 concluded that "American industrialists, with the consent of the US government, freely sold patents and rights to the construction of engines to the German government ...".
Standard Oil took over the financing of the construction of new synthetic fuel plants in Germany. The scope of financing can be judged by the statement of the American commercial attache in Berlin, who in an official conversation in December 1935 noted that “after two years, Germany will produce oil and gas in an amount sufficient for a long war. Standard Oil provided millions of dollars for this. ”
Standard Oil not only actively helped establish the production of synthetic gasoline, but also spent large sums on the exploration and organization of oil production in Germany. The trust owned more than half of the capital of the oil company, which owned more than a third of all gas stations in Germany.
In 1935, shortly after Hitler broke the military articles of the Versailles Treaty and the introduction of universal military service in Germany, the American company Ethyl Gasoline Corporation, with the permission of the American government, transferred a patent, which it owned exclusively, to produce tetraethyl lead, an anti-knock additive in gasoline. In one of the secret documents that became known after the war, IG Farbenindustri experts evaluated the value of the assistance of an American company as follows: “There is no need to emphasize that without tetraethyl lead a modern war is unthinkable. From the beginning of the war, we were able to produce tetraethyl lead solely because shortly before that, the Americans had built a plant for us, prepared it for operation, and passed on the necessary experience to us. ” Equally great was the help of American capital in the development of methods for the production of synthetic rubber.
The American monopolies assisted fascist Germany in the production of aluminum, magnesium, nickel, tungsten carbide, beryllium and other strategic materials.
In 1935, the German production of light and non-ferrous metals already exceeded the French and Canadian four times, the British and Norwegian six times.
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@mando_dablord2646 the largest Western bankers led Hitler and his Nazi Party to power for several years.
The huge amount of reparations after WW1 and the harsh conditions of payments led to the flight of German capital abroad and the refusal to pay taxes. The state budget deficit could be covered only by mass production of unsecured marks. The result of this situation was the "great inflation" of 1923, which amounted to a record 578,512%, when 4.2 trillion had to be given for one dollar. marks! In fact, it was the collapse of the German monetary unit.
The London Conference of 1924 adopted a new procedure for reparations payments to Germany, the so-called "Dawes plan". Thanks to this plan, German payments were halved to 1 billion gold marks. In addition, there was a stabilization of the German mark, which provided favorable conditions for American investment. According to the plan developed in the bowels of the J. P. Morgan company, a loan of $ 200 million was provided to Germany (half of it fell on the Morgan banking house). By August 1924, a monetary reform was carried out — the old German mark was replaced with a new one. Thus, Germany was prepared for financial assistance from the United States. Until 1929, loans in the amount of 21 billion marks were received mainly from the United States to Germany.
As a result, already in 1929, the German industry took the second place in the world. However, the Germans paid for loans with shares of industrial enterprises, so Anglo-American capital began to actively penetrate into Germany and occupied a significant sector in the German economy. In particular, the well-known German chemical concern IG Farbenindustry was controlled by the American Standard Oil (i.e., the Rockefeller house); depending on General Electric (Morgan), there were Siemens and AEG; the American ITT corporation owned up to 40% of German telephone networks. German metallurgy was largely dependent on Rockefeller, the Opel company was under the control of General Motors. The Anglo-Saxons did not forget the banking sector, the railways, in general, all more or less valuable German assets.
According to the German Chancellor Heinrich Breuning (he held the post of chancellor in 1930-1932), already since 1923, Adolf Hitler received significant amounts from abroad, through banks in Switzerland and Sweden. Already in 1922, Hitler's "viewing" took place – in Munich, the Fuhrer met with the American military attache in Germany, Captain Truman Smith. An American intelligence officer made a very flattering report about Hitler to the Military Intelligence Department. It was Smith who introduced Ernst Hanfstaengl to Hitler's entourage. He provided him with acquaintances and connections with high-ranking figures abroad, supported him financially. During the Second World War, Hanfstaengl served in the United States in the White House as an expert on NSDAP affairs.
After the autumn of 1929, a crisis was provoked in the world and in Germany, which led to an increase in social tension and radicalization of the political field. The Federal Reserve and the House of Morgan decide to stop lending to the Weimar Republic, having inspired the banking crisis and economic depression in the country. In September 1931, the Bank of England abandoned the gold standard, which was a deliberate destruction of the international payment system. The "financial oxygen" of the Weimar Republic was completely blocked. Naturally, financial and economic problems led to an increase in social tension in Germany and an automatic increase in the popularity of radical political forces, the NSDAP. The Nazis received good funding, and joining the ranks of the Stormtroopers ensured the stability of their members and families. The press, as if on command, begins to praise Hitler, his party and program.
On January 4, 1932, Hitler and the future Reich Chancellor Franz von Papen met with the governor of the Bank of England, Montague Norman. The meeting was also attended by brothers John and Allen Dulles, the future Secretary of State and head of the US CIA. At this meeting, an agreement was concluded on the financing of the NSDAP. In January 1933, another important meeting took place – Hitler had a conversation with von Papen, the banker Kurt von Schroeder and the industrialist Wilhelm Kepler. They provided the Fuhrer with support from German financial and industrial groups. As a result of this meeting, the path to power for the Nazis was finally cleared. On January 30, Hitler became the head of the government.
Moreover, after a visit to the United States in May 1933 by the new head of the Reichsbank, Hjalmar Schacht, and a meeting with American President Franklin Roosevelt and major Wall Street financiers, the Americans allocated new loans to Germany in the amount of up to $ 1 billion. In June 1933, Schacht visited Great Britain and achieved a new success. After a meeting with the governor of the Bank of England, Norman, England provides Germany with a loan of $ 2 billion and reduces and then cancels payments on old loans.
In 1934, Standard Oil will build gasoline plants in the Reich, and the American companies Pratt-Whitney and Douglas will transfer a number of patents to German aircraft builders. In general, the level of annual American investments in Germany is increasing to $ 500 million per year. It is the generous Western investments that will become the basis of the" German miracle", turning Germany into the economic leader of Europe.
The financing of the Hitler regime by the United States continued during the Second World War.
It remains to add that all the propaganda materials for the so-called Goebels Nazi propaganda were developed and printed in the United States.
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@chanupamayadunne6826 The technical similarity between the AK-47 and STG-44 is the same as that of the grinder and hammer drill. If you look into the design of the automates, then the technical difference between them is HUGE, It is HUGE, the similarity of the automates: gas-operated automatic equipment with an upper location and an intermediate cartridge (7.62x41 mm for AK-47, to be more precise, after 1948 7.62x39 mm and 7.92x33 mm for the StG-44).
The technical approach is completely different. Complete and incomplete disassembly of automates has nothing in common. The bolt of the StG-44 slides inside the upper receiver, while the AK-47 slides along the grooves in the receiver. The difference is obvious in the reciprocating mainsprings and the way they are located. Due to the large return spring of the StG-44, which is required to return the bolt with a long stroke, the assault rifle cannot be produced with or without a folding stock. The triggering mechanism of the automates is different.
Hugo Schmeiser was not a "pioneer" in the creation of automatic small arms. Gas-operated automatics, locking the barrel by tilting the bolt, intermediate cartridges like the StG-44 were used by John Garand when creating the M1 Garbine rifle in 1923. It should also be noted that the use of gas-operated automation in small arms began in the USSR in 1927 with the adoption of the DP-27 machine gun, and the first sample of the Degtyarev self-loading rifle was presented to the USSR in 1917.
A weapon with gas-operated automation, rotary locking of the barrel and automatic firing, like the AK-47 assault rifle, was created back in 1883 by the Mexican gunsmith Manuel Mondragon when he created the M1883 / M1908 automatic rifle. In 1923, this design was used by Isaac Lewis to create a machine gun. In the USSR, this design was used by Bulkin in 1944 when creating the AB-44 assault rifle.
As we can see, the automatic schemes of the AK-47 and STG-44 assault rifles existed long before the Second World War.
The ingenuity of Kalashnikov's invention is a unique layout that combines low cost production, performance and reliability. He did not invent an automaton from scratch, no, all the systems used were invented before, undoubtedly there are a number of very similar systems, but all of them are less reliable, more expensive, less convenient. AK47 works in water, sand, mud, heat and cold. It works even after a tank has driven over it. He is very simple, convenient and cheap.
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@chanupamayadunne6826 the largest Western bankers led Hitler and his Nazi Party to power for several years.
The huge amount of reparations after WW1 and the harsh conditions of payments led to the flight of German capital abroad and the refusal to pay taxes. The state budget deficit could be covered only by mass production of unsecured marks. The result of this situation was the "great inflation" of 1923, which amounted to a record 578,512%, when 4.2 trillion had to be given for one dollar. marks! In fact, it was the collapse of the German monetary unit.
The London Conference of 1924 adopted a new procedure for reparations payments to Germany, the so-called "Dawes plan". Thanks to this plan, German payments were halved to 1 billion gold marks. In addition, there was a stabilization of the German mark, which provided favorable conditions for American investment. According to the plan developed in the bowels of the J. P. Morgan company, a loan of $ 200 million was provided to Germany (half of it fell on the Morgan banking house). By August 1924, a monetary reform was carried out — the old German mark was replaced with a new one. Thus, Germany was prepared for financial assistance from the United States. Until 1929, loans in the amount of 21 billion marks were received mainly from the United States to Germany.
As a result, already in 1929, the German industry took the second place in the world. However, the Germans paid for loans with shares of industrial enterprises, so Anglo-American capital began to actively penetrate into Germany and occupied a significant sector in the German economy. In particular, the well-known German chemical concern IG Farbenindustry was controlled by the American Standard Oil (i.e., the Rockefeller house); depending on General Electric (Morgan), there were Siemens and AEG; the American ITT corporation owned up to 40% of German telephone networks. German metallurgy was largely dependent on Rockefeller, the Opel company was under the control of General Motors. The Anglo-Saxons did not forget the banking sector, the railways, in general, all more or less valuable German assets.
According to the German Chancellor Heinrich Breuning (he held the post of chancellor in 1930-1932), already since 1923, Adolf Hitler received significant amounts from abroad, through banks in Switzerland and Sweden. Already in 1922, Hitler's "viewing" took place – in Munich, the Fuhrer met with the American military attache in Germany, Captain Truman Smith. An American intelligence officer made a very flattering report about Hitler to the Military Intelligence Department. It was Smith who introduced Ernst Hanfstaengl to Hitler's entourage. He provided him with acquaintances and connections with high-ranking figures abroad, supported him financially. During the Second World War, Hanfstaengl served in the United States in the White House as an expert on NSDAP affairs.
After the autumn of 1929, a crisis was provoked in the world and in Germany, which led to an increase in social tension and radicalization of the political field. The Federal Reserve and the House of Morgan decide to stop lending to the Weimar Republic, having inspired the banking crisis and economic depression in the country. In September 1931, the Bank of England abandoned the gold standard, which was a deliberate destruction of the international payment system. The "financial oxygen" of the Weimar Republic was completely blocked. Naturally, financial and economic problems led to an increase in social tension in Germany and an automatic increase in the popularity of radical political forces, the NSDAP. The Nazis received good funding, and joining the ranks of the Stormtroopers ensured the stability of their members and families. The press, as if on command, begins to praise Hitler, his party and program.
On January 4, 1932, Hitler and the future Reich Chancellor Franz von Papen met with the governor of the Bank of England, Montague Norman. The meeting was also attended by brothers John and Allen Dulles, the future Secretary of State and head of the US CIA. At this meeting, an agreement was concluded on the financing of the NSDAP. In January 1933, another important meeting took place – Hitler had a conversation with von Papen, the banker Kurt von Schroeder and the industrialist Wilhelm Kepler. They provided the Fuhrer with support from German financial and industrial groups. As a result of this meeting, the path to power for the Nazis was finally cleared. On January 30, Hitler became the head of the government.
Moreover, after a visit to the United States in May 1933 by the new head of the Reichsbank, Hjalmar Schacht, and a meeting with American President Franklin Roosevelt and major Wall Street financiers, the Americans allocated new loans to Germany in the amount of up to $ 1 billion. In June 1933, Schacht visited Great Britain and achieved a new success. After a meeting with the governor of the Bank of England, Norman, England provides Germany with a loan of $ 2 billion and reduces and then cancels payments on old loans.
In 1934, Standard Oil will build gasoline plants in the Reich, and the American companies Pratt-Whitney and Douglas will transfer a number of patents to German aircraft builders. In general, the level of annual American investments in Germany is increasing to $ 500 million per year. It is the generous Western investments that will become the basis of the" German miracle", turning Germany into the economic leader of Europe.
The financing of the Hitler regime by the United States continued during the Second World War.
It remains to add that all the propaganda materials for the so-called Goebels Nazi propaganda were developed and printed in the United States.
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@absinth2k1 The Russians helped the whole of eastern Europe to rise from the ruins and gave people free housing, education, and healthcare. Until now, people in eastern Europe use what the Russians built - houses, factories, power plants, etc. The
famine was not only in Ukraine, but throughout the USSR. And Russians suffered more than Ukrainians.
In the USSR, 27 million people died during the war - 11 million soldiers and 16 million civilians.
And if you want to compare the losses in WW2, then sum up all the soldiers who fought on the side of Germany. 15 countries fought on the side of Germany, against the USSR.
Study the real story.
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