R Johansen
Hindustan Times
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Comments by "R Johansen" (@rjohansen9486) on "Russian S-550 That Can Hunt ICBMs Spooks Putin's Enemies; Air Defence System Can Cripple Even U.S." video.
The humanitarian catastrophe unfolding in Ukraine has rightly commanded the attention of policymakers worldwide. However, Russia’s invasion of Ukraine will likely have consequences that echo far beyond the borders of either country. Recent research discuss how the war’s impact on food commodity prices may shape the distribution of violent conflict in Africa.
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has worsened the food security crisis in many African countries, Human Rights Watch said today. Many countries in East, West, Middle, and Southern Africa rely on Russia and Ukraine for a significant percentage of their wheat, fertilizer, or vegetable oils imports, but the war disrupts global commodity markets and trade flows to Africa, increasing already high food prices in the region. Even countries that import little from the two countries are indirectly impacted by higher world prices for key commodities.
In 2020 alone, wheat constituted 90 per cent of Russia’s $4 billion worth of exports to Africa, while Ukraine followed closely behind with exports worth $3 billion, of which wheat accounted for 48 per cent and maize 31 per cent. Millions face severe hunger as the war threatens supplies of key staple crops.
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@globalpower6967 Since being signed in July last year, the U.N. says the Black Sea Grain Initiative has allowed more than 32 million metric tons of food commodities to be exported to 45 countries worldwide.
It is for this reason that U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres had described the deal as playing an “indispensable role” in global food security.
Guterres said in early July that the agreement “must continue” at a time when conflict, the climate crisis, energy prices and other factors roil the production and affordability of food, while 258 million people face hunger in 58 countries worldwide.
As of June 2023, over 33 million tonnes of grain and other foodstuffs have been exported via the Black Sea Grain Initiative. 64% of the wheat exported through the Black Sea Grain Initiative reached developing countries. Maize is exported almost equally to developed and developing countries.
The UN World Food Programme (WFP – the largest humanitarian organisation in the world) is also shipping wheat from Black Sea ports. Before the war, the programme bought half of its grain stock from Ukraine. Since the start of the initiative in August 2022 over 655 000 tonnes of wheat have left Ukrainian ports to Ethiopia, Yemen, Afghanistan, Sudan, Somalia, Kenya and Djibouti.
In 2021, Ukraine exported $5.87B in Wheat, making it the 5th largest exporter of Wheat in the world. At the same year, Wheat was the 3rd most exported product in Ukraine. The main destination of Wheat exports from Ukraine are: Egypt ($851M), Indonesia ($640M), Pakistan ($594M), Nigeria ($490M), and Ethiopia ($440M).
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