Comments by "Sar Jim" (@sarjim4381) on "Forgotten Weapons" channel.

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  17. The Cook brothers are considered two of the heroes of the Confederacy. Even though they were both from England, they adopted the Confederate cause after they moved to New Orleans in the 1850's. Ferdinand married a New Orleans woman, Mary Jane Wilcox, described as "one of the fairest belles of the City", in 1852. He moved to New Orleans after the marriage and was later followed by his brother Francis some time in 1855. Athey were representatives of Novelty Iron works of New York City, where they worked from about 1850 until the outbreak of the war. The company manufactured mostly cotton and sugar machinery, so locating in New Orleans was a logical move. Both brothers learned engineering and metalworking at Novelty, then regarded as one of the finest machinery companies in the nation. There was also another brother, Frederick, who ended up in New Orleans, and Francis and Frederic established the Belleville Iron Works in Algiers, outside New Orleans. They made mostly agricultural equipment, but also spent some time making prototype rifles in hopes of selling them to the US Army. They even wrote to then US Secretary of War Jefferson Davis in 1856 about establishing an arms factory in the South since none then existed. Of course, that suited the Union fine, so nothing ever came of it. When the Civil War began, Ferdinand resigned his position with novelty and it appears Frederick made his way back to New York since he was a Union sympathizer. The remaining two brothers, Ferdinand and Francis, set to work immediately converting the Belleville company to producing rifles. The company was renamed Cook and Brother and a new factory, initially the Nashua Iron Works, was established in New Orleans. Although I don't know for sure, I assume the Belleville factory was sold to help finance the new rifle company/ The removal of the rifle company to Athens had some of the same heroics as the Russians removing their factories in the face of the advancing Nazis. I could write a book on that alone, and this is already getting close enoough to a book. The brothers had no intention of going through that turmoil again. They reserved at least 250 of their rifles for a local defense company to defend the plant and the Athens area when it was clear that the Union forces would make their way through Georgia. They even made a few small artillery pieces. The plant defense force did fight the Union forces as part of a larger local militia at Griswoldville, GA and Hardeeville SC, and several factory workers were killed in the battles. As Ian said, Ferdinand gave his life for the Confederacy on December 11, 1864, stuck down by a Union sniper during the Hardeeville battles. After the War ended, Francis managed to get a Federal pardon after spending some time in Union custody because he was a Confederate officer. Because he was a British subject, he managed to escape imprisonment as a traitor. Even though he managed to stave off several years of attempts by US Marshals to seize the factory, the local sheriff auctioned it off in 1868 to pay of the company's substantial debts that were never made good due to the collapse of the Confederacy. The buildings and grounds were purchased by the Athens Manufacturing Company and used as a cotton mill. To the best of my knowledge, the factory burned to the ground sometime in the 1890's. Ferdinand gave his life and Francis gave his fortune, both for the Lost Cause. The only reason I know some of these details is the brothers are distant relatives. As far as I can tell from my genealogy program, they would be cousins six times removed. I found out some of the information while researching that line of the family. As you might imagine, I'd love to have one of the Cook and Brother rifles. Unfortunately, I don't have a spare $30,0000 readily at hand.
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  260.  @ramjb  I don't know how I ended up on such an old video, but I've been studying naval history as a hobby for about 60 years now. My other hobby is amateur radio, for with I hold an extra class license. I take particular interest in radar history. and the technical aspects of radar. The Graf Spee was equipped in Fumo-22 radar, not Seetakt. That radar set was on Deutschland, and both ships were used as sort of test beds for each type of radar. The Fumo 22 could have been used for gun laying, but the radar only had better than 50 meter circular probability of error out to about 8 kilometers, and German optical rangefinder had similar results out to about 14 kilometers in clear weather. The Kriegsmarine was interested in radar only for surface search and range estimation in 1939, so Graf Spee's gunnery accuracy was the result of superior German optics and crew training, not radar. The Admiralty actually did display a keen interest in the radar on the Graf Spee, and sent an experienced radar engineer to the River Plate to inspect the radar and electronic systems that remained. Unfortunately, his report has never surfaced. If and when it does, it will answer a lot of questions about exactly what kind of radar the Graf Spee actually had. Photos of the relatively small mattress radar antenna on the AGS had the British worried that Germans had a working microwave radar or, even more alarming, had perfected the cavity magnetron the British were working on. What they did find was the Fumo-22 operated at 600 MHz, a far higher frequency than the radars in use by British warships at the time, which operated in the 43-75 MHz range. The British were unaware that the Germans had developed an Ultra High Frequency (UHF) radar, and the knowledge gained from the Graf Spee allowed the British to develop jammers in only a few months. The British Type 79 operated at 43 MHz. Since higher frequencies required much higher power input, and the transmitting tubes of the day were incapable of high power inputs, the Fumo-22, with an input of only about 150 watts, had a range of about 20 kilometers on a good day, and usually about half that. The ranging when a target was located was far more accurate than a Type 79, but it was not far enough out to make it practical for any kind of radar gun control. However, the Type 79 operated at 20 kilowatts, so it could locate ship size targets out to an average of 60 kilometers. It was a tradeoff between range and accuracy in 1939, but the problem was solved with the British perfection of the cavity magnetron and the type 271 radar in 1941. The Germans never even came close to catching up after that.
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