Comments by "" (@AA-js8yx) on "Only Human" channel.

  1. 1 in 4 if both parents have the same recessive genes. Even the unrelated parents have 25% chance. 94-96% cousin couples have their children normal in general population.
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  2.  @junbh2  the problem are recessive genes, right? And the potential risk is increased, 1.7%-2.3%. But, the number is still small. The birth defects might be or might not be caused by consanguinity. There are other factors, like historical health problem in the family or usual recessive genes happened in non consanguineous couple. For non consanguineous couple, the risk is 2%-3%, while for consanguineous couple (first cousin), the risk is 4% to 6%. If, the parents, the grandparents and the great grandparents are healthy, the risk is 4%-6%. If there are historical health problems, then the additional risk is shown.
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  3.  @maleeshashehan2106  If there are cousin marriages in your family (the same line, like your parents, your grandparents), then there is additional risk to 4-6%. If there are not, then step 2, you should check your family health problems history. Are there any birth defects happened in your family before? If there is no birth defect, then there is no additional risk to 4-6%. The risk is still small. Most cousin marriages in the world have their children normal.
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  4.  @maleeshashehan2106  No, it's not a big problem if there is no rare disease occurred in your family. But, if you are worried, you can do genetic screening. It can show you and your future husband/wife have carriers or not. And it's your choice. You have 94-96% that your children will be normal. It's big number.
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  5.  @laurabarber6697  only if both parents have the same recessive genes, the chance is 1 in 4. If only one parent, then the child will be completely normal!
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  6.  @ImpetuousPorkus  According the Clinical Genetics Handbook, children of non-related couples have a 2-3% chance of being born with a birth defect, and children of first cousins have a 4-6% chance. The 1.7-2-3% is an increased risk in general population. So, 2-3% + 1.7-2.3%, we can say it doubled 4-6%. The birth defect is 25% if both parents have the same copy of recessive gene.
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  7.  @fififijiflowerpotswater5379  you seem don't understand. If both parents are the same carriers then the risk will be 25%. The parents don't have to be related. It can happen to any couples. If only a single parent is a carrier, the childen will be completely normal.
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  8. If there is cousin marriages from your grandparent or your great grandparent and there is no historical health problem, then it's totally fine.
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  9.  @maleeshashehan2106  The pleasure is mine. You can clarify it by reading Consanguinity in Context by Prof. Alan Bittles. He had done his research for over 30 years
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  10. FACTS: 1. It's not illegal in most countries. 2. It's a stigma that the riskhaving children with your cousin is high. 3. 94-96% children from cousin marriages are normal.
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  11. It's not illegal and not incest in most countries in the world. The risk is also still small, slightly higher than unrelated couple having children. 2-3% for unrelated couple and 3.7-5.7% for first cousin couple in general population. Because of the modest health risks and access to genetic counseling and premarital advice for cousin couples, Bittles says state bans on first-cousin marriage appear to be unnecessary. "Given decreasing family sizes and ever-increasing educational, employment and social mobility, it seems almost inevitable that the prevalence of cousin marriage in the U.S. and other Western countries will decline," he says. "There is certainly no evidence that if the states which currently ban first cousin marriage were to repeal their legislation, a great demand for such marriages would result."
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  12. Only if both parents have the same copy. Even for unrelated couples.
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  13. Still, there is potential 2-3% risk your child might have birth defects. Yeah, it's the best. But, marrying your cousin is also OK, if there is no historical health problem in your family.
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  14.  @random_meta  there is an additional risk if both parents are the carriers of the same defective genes.
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  15. It's not illegal and not incest in most countries in the world. The risk is also still small, slightly higher than unrelated couple having children. 2-3% for unrelated couple and 3.7-5.7% for first cousin couple in general population.
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  16. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  17. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  18.  @rachaelkapaun2787  it is illegal in half states of the US and it is totally legal in Canada.
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  19.  @mrscurtis0801  don't marry your mom, dad, siblings. It is dangerous while a first-cousin marriage, it is not that harmful. 94-96% of the children are absolutely normal.
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  20.  @jamilajohnson7460  stop marrying your cousin that carries the same disease.
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  21. It's not illegal and not incest in most countries in the world. The risk is also still small, slightly higher than unrelated couple having children. 2-3% for unrelated couple and 3.7-5.7% for first cousin couple in general population. Because of the modest health risks and access to genetic counseling and premarital advice for cousin couples, Bittles says state bans on first-cousin marriage appear to be unnecessary. "Given decreasing family sizes and ever-increasing educational, employment and social mobility, it seems almost inevitable that the prevalence of cousin marriage in the U.S. and other Western countries will decline," he says. "There is certainly no evidence that if the states which currently ban first cousin marriage were to repeal their legislation, a great demand for such marriages would result."
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  22.  @assxcfca9558  Cousin marriage is allowed in Indonesia, since Christian and Islam allow it. It is lawful. And it's not incest. Islam forbid incest like sibling marriage, father having sexual relation with his daughter, etc.
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  23. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com
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  24. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com
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  25. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  26.  @vienogola1421  no problem, it is your matter. Not all people are like you. At least, respect them.
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  27. It's 2021. Let's see what science says! In the House of Lords debate (21 April 2008), one questioner asked the then health minister if some ethnic communities have a higher risk than others; Lord Darzi’s response was ‘no’, that the risk is ‘double’ the background risk, but that this is low. He said, "THIS IS LOW" The risks of bad outcomes are relatively LOW for any couple seeking counseling. There is no consistent religious or legal basis for banning such marriages - Prof. Alan Bittles According the Clinical Genetics Handbook, children of non-related couples have a 2-3% chance of being born with a birth defect, and children of first cousins have a 4-6% chance.
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  28. Cleopatra's family's member were fine.
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  29. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  30.  @fififijiflowerpotswater5379  Dude, this is so unfortunate. If the disorders are known in the family, they need do a genetic test. And the fact is, it is not always happened to all families that are practising cousin marriages.
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  31.  Loving one another  the increased risk actually 1.7 to 2.8% higher than the background risk. It is based on the theory.
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  32. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  33. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  34. @Cyril first cousin marriage is not considered as incest. Consanguineous unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece. - Alan Bittles Banning cousin marriage is not necessary since there is genetic testing. In Arabia and Israel, there is genetic testing provided by the government. It can make the number lower. Again, There are many aspects that we have to consider such as religious aspects, historical aspects, etc. We can't simply allow this or disallow that.
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  35. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  36.  @WY_BCE  just ew because of the stigma.
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  37. It's not incest since most countries in the world don't ban it. Most children from cousin marriages are healthy. The risk of having children with abnormalities is 3.7-5-7 % in general population, while for unrelated couple is 2-3%. There is an increased risk, but it's slightly higher.
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  38.  @lancewright521  any references?
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  39.  Leonardo Gellato  Yes! Just do genetic screening, if they are healthy, then it's totally fine to have children.
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  40.  @mjallen1308  it's not socially taboo like in the US. The risk their children having problem is still small. It's 4-6%. Because of the modest health risks and access to genetic counseling and premarital advice for cousin couples, Bittles says state bans on first-cousin marriage appear to be unnecessary. "Given decreasing family sizes and ever-increasing educational, employment and social mobility, it seems almost inevitable that the prevalence of cousin marriage in the U.S. and other Western countries will decline," he says. "There is certainly no evidence that if the states which currently ban first cousin marriage were to repeal their legislation, a great demand for such marriages would result."
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  41. Watch also 37:00, and also 22:06
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  42. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
    2
  43. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
    2
  44. Biologically, cousin is not sibling. Fact, over 10% marriges are between cousin. Anthropologically and socially? It's not problem. Biologically? The risk is still small, 4% to 6%. You have the stigma in your mind. Because of the modest health risks and access to genetic counseling and premarital advice for cousin couples, Bittles says state bans on first-cousin marriage appear to be unnecessary. "Given decreasing family sizes and ever-increasing educational, employment and social mobility, it seems almost inevitable that the prevalence of cousin marriage in the U.S. and other Western countries will decline," he says. "There is certainly no evidence that if the states which currently ban first cousin marriage were to repeal their legislation, a great demand for such marriages would result."
    2
  45.  @youwhat.  Not really, theorically, yes. But the studies say the statistics are not that high, in case, multiple generations.
    2
  46.  @dailydoseofrandomvideos5482  Leviticus 18, Numbers 36, Judges 1, a first cousin marriage is CLEARLY ALLOWED.
    2
  47.  @dailydoseofrandomvideos5482  I AM NOT LYING! Stop making your own 'close relatives' standards! Providing only Leviticus 18:6 is not enough. You need Leviticus 18:7-18 to understand what close relatives are. Well, first-cousin is never included, isn't it? The term 'any blood relatives' is not applied to a first-cousin. The degrees are listed in Leviticus 18:7-18. Does Leviticus 18:6 contradict Numbers 36 and Judges 1? Numbers 36:10-11 (KJV) Even as the LORD commanded Moses, so did the daughters of Zelophehad: For Mahlah, Tirzah, and Hoglah, and Milcah, and Noah, the daughters of Zelophehad, were married unto their father's brothers' sons: Judges 1:12-13 (KJV) And Caleb said, He that smiteth Kirjath-sepher, and taketh it, to him will I give Achsah my daughter to wife. And Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb's younger brother, took it: and he gave him Achsah his daughter to wife. Should Caleb's daughter and Caleb's younger brother's son be put to death? A man is forbidden to marry his daughter stepchildren, aunt, sister or half-sister stepsisters, daughter-in-law, granddaughter and step-granddaughter. A first cousin is never included. You are making a new degree. You should read some commentaries. The Bible doesn’t address the subject of cousin marriage directly. According to Leviticus 18:6-18, a man is forbidden to marry the following: Daughter Stepchildren Aunt Sister or half-sister Stepsisters Daughter-in-law Granddaughter Step-granddaughter Notably, cousins are not included in the list. - Focus On The Family focusonthefamily(dot)com/family-qa/cousin-marriage/ But as for two first cousins… the Church’s position is that they are forbidden to marry only by ecclesiastical law, not by divine law. For this reason it is canonically possible to receive a dispensation that permits two first-cousins to marry validly in the Catholic Church. - Catholic Exchange First cousins cannot marry under the age-old laws of the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches, covering much of world Christendom. But in the Reformation, the Church of England followed Protestantism's "sola scripture" (Scripture alone) principle and returned to biblical law, which also binds traditional Jews. - Brainerd Dispatch brainerddispatch(dot)com/lifestyle/3091663-Many-church-laws-but-not-the-Bible-prohibit-first-cousin-marriages
    2
  48.  @mrscurtis0801  Am I? I just tell you some facts.
    2
  49. It's not illegal in most countries in the world. The risk is also still small, slightly higher than unrelated couple having children. 2-3% for unrelated couple and 3.7-5.7% for first cousin couple in general population.
    2
  50. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
    2
  51.  @lara7224  ew can not define incest. Most countries in the world don't ban cousin marriage. If you don't mind, please read Consanguinity in Context by Prof. Alan Bittles. He was doing cousin marriages research for 35 years. Or you can read Forbidden Relatives: The American Myth of Cousin Marriage by Martin Ottenheimer.
    2
  52.  @assxcfca9558  Yes, we don't have to. But most people, they ban it because they think it's dangerous, while it's not. Most cousin couples have healthy children. But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said.
    2
  53.  @assxcfca9558  The potential risk is still small, 4%-6%. while unrelated couple is 2%-3%. I just tell the facts. If you don't mind, for more information, kindly read Consanguinity in Context by Alan Bittles. He had done cousin marriages research for over 35 years. Hope you get more knowledge. I'm aware your concern. The problem can be problematic if there are cousin marriages in the family for multiple generations.
    2
  54. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
    2
  55.  @evr134  it's 96%, they are normal. It is the same risk as women over 40.
    2
  56.  @jeneticallymodified1  IT IS NOT INCEST "Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small," said Eamonn Sheridan, a senior lecturer in clinical genetics at the University of Leeds who co-led the study and presented its results at a briefing in London. He added that this still means 96 percent of blood-relative couples are likely to have babies with no birth defects: "It's important to note that the vast majority of babies born to couples who are blood relatives are absolutely fine." - reuters(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php Sexual activity between two people who are very closely related in a family, for example, a brother and sister, or a father and daughter. - Oxford Dictionary "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
    2
  57. Because of the modest health risks and access to genetic counseling and premarital advice for cousin couples, Bittles says state bans on first-cousin marriage appear to be unnecessary. "Given decreasing family sizes and ever-increasing educational, employment and social mobility, it seems almost inevitable that the prevalence of cousin marriage in the U.S. and other Western countries will decline," he says. "There is certainly no evidence that if the states which currently ban first cousin marriage were to repeal their legislation, a great demand for such marriages would result."
    1
  58. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
    1
  59. It should never be incest. "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times
    1
  60. It is not incest.
    1
  61.  @darrenstrathdee7425  you are wrong. Cousin marriages are not incest. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com "Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small," said Eamonn Sheridan, a senior lecturer in clinical genetics at the University of Leeds who co-led the study and presented its results at a briefing in London. He added that this still means 96 percent of blood-relative couples are likely to have babies with no birth defects: "It's important to note that the vast majority of babies born to couples who are blood relatives are absolutely fine." - reuters(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
    1
  62.  @darrenstrathdee7425  in what context?
    1
  63.  @juliamccoey7496  the people are exaggerating, it is not the video.
    1
  64. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com
    1
  65.  @carltonthepug  at least, I provide the references.
    1
  66.  @irenekosasih5650  it is the same as women over 40.
    1
  67. Kindly read Consanguinity in Context by Alan Bittles. The law of banning first cousin marriages is not scientific.
    1
  68. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com
    1
  69. The increased risk is 2-3%, while the background risk is 2-3% in general population. The total risk is 4-6%. So, 2-3% might be caused by consanguineous marriage and other 2-3% might be caused by the background risk that usually common for unrelated couple.
    1
  70. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
    1
  71. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com
    1
  72. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
    1
  73. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
    1
  74. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
    1
  75.  @linsyharrington13  you are exaggerating. The risk is not that high actually. Go find some papers and journals or books. This video is not enough to make you understand the whole picture.
    1
  76. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com
    1
  77. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
    1
  78. Not it is not. Read Leviticus 18, and Number 36
    1
  79. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
    1
  80. No, it's not.
    1
  81. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com
    1
  82.  Loving one another  what are you talking about?
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  83. It's not illegal and not incest in most countries in the world. The risk is also still small, slightly higher than unrelated couple having children. 2-3% for unrelated couple and 3.7-5.7% for first cousin couple in general population.
    1
  84. Where cousin is mentioned? Read Number 36, Leviticus 18.
    1
  85. 1 in 4. If both parents have the same copies. Even for unrelated couple, if they both have the same copies/recessive gene, the chance is 25%.
    1
  86. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
    1
  87.  @meihuangha  cousin marriages are not incest in genetic. It is not always happened. From the above, it becomes clear that the risk for consanguineous couples of having affected offspring actually consists of three different risks: a. The baseline risk for all parents-to-be of having affected offspring; b. The extra risk due to their consanguineous relation; c. The risk from disorders already present in the family. Genetic counselling of consanguineous couples requires a thorough inquiry into the exact pedigree structure and the disorders in the partners and their family – both common and separate branches. As is usual in genetic counselling, risks should always be put into perspective. Only a minority of consanguineous couples has an increased risk, and if a consanguineous couple has an affected child, this is not always caused by the consanguinity of the parents. Genetic testing of affected and unaffected members may be helpful in some families, and genetic screening of parents-to-be for carriership of the more frequent disorders in a population might be considered. - Cousin marriages: between tradition, genetic risk and cultural change, ISBN 978-1-78238-492-2
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  88. From the above, it becomes clear that the risk for consanguineous couples of having affected offspring actually consists of three different risks: a. The baseline risk for all parents-to-be of having affected offspring; b. The extra risk due to their consanguineous relation; c. The risk from disorders already present in the family. Genetic counselling of consanguineous couples requires a thorough inquiry into the exact pedigree structure and the disorders in the partners and their family – both common and separate branches. As is usual in genetic counselling, risks should always be put into perspective. Only a minority of consanguineous couples has an increased risk, and if a consanguineous couple has an affected child, this is not always caused by the consanguinity of the parents. Genetic testing of affected and unaffected members may be helpful in some families, and genetic screening of parents-to-be for carriership of the more frequent disorders in a population might be considered. - Cousin marriages: between tradition, genetic risk and cultural change, ISBN 978-1-78238-492-2
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  89. For the first generation. It's totally fine.
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  90. "The possible mandatory prohibition of consanguineous marriage apparently approved by the Drafting Committee and accepted by the ASHG Board of Directors contradicts the 1970 conclusion of the US National Conference of Commissioners that state laws banning first-cousin marriage lacked scientific foundation and should be repealed." Consanguinity in Context, ISBN 9781139015844, DOI: 10.1017/CBO9781139015844
    1
  91. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
    1
  92. "The possible mandatory prohibition of consanguineous marriage apparently approved by the Drafting Committee and accepted by the ASHG Board of Directors contradicts the 1970 conclusion of the US National Conference of Commissioners that state laws banning first-cousin marriage lacked scientific foundation and should be repealed." Consanguinity in Context, ISBN 9781139015844, DOI: 10.1017/CBO9781139015844 In an effort at clarification, the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC) convened a group of experts to review existing studies on risks to offspring and issue recommendations for clinical practice. Their report concluded that the risks of a first-cousin union were generally much smaller than assumed—about 1.7%–2% above the background risk for congenital defects and 4.4% for pre-reproductive mortality—and did not warrant any special preconception testing. In the authors' view, neither the stigma that attaches to such unions in North America nor the laws that bar them were scientifically well-grounded. When dealing with worried clients, the authors advised genetic counselors to “normalize” such unions by discussing their high frequency in some parts of the world and providing examples of prominent cousin couples, such as Charles Darwin and Emma Wedgwood. ........It is obviously illogical to condemn eugenics and at the same time favor laws that prevent cousins from marrying. But we do not aim to indict these laws on the grounds that they constitute eugenics. That would assume what needs to be proved – that all forms of eugenics are necessarily bad. In our view, cousin marriage laws should be judged on their merits. But from that standpoint as well, they seem ill-advised. These laws reflect once-prevailing prejudices about immigrants and the rural poor and oversimplified views of heredity, and they are inconsistent with our acceptance of reproductive behaviors that are much riskier to offspring. They should be repealed, not because their intent was eugenic, but because neither the scientific nor social assumptions that informed them are any longer defensible. - “It's Ok, We're Not Cousins by Blood”: The Cousin Marriage Controversy in Historical Perspective, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0060320
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  93.  @ludy41  It's true, the background risk is 2-3% in general population for unrelated couple. Basic knowledge. Kindly do your research.
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  94. For cousin couple, the risk of having children with abnormalities is 3.7-5-7 % in general population, while for unrelated couple the risk is 2-3%. There is an increased risk, but it's slightly higher. It's legal in most countries in the world. Banning cousin marriage is not good choice, since anthropologically, biologically and socially, cousin marriages have been practiced in human history. Even UNESCO and WHO conclude that cousin marriages in the world should not be banned.
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  95. No, it's not if you see the statistic
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  96. I think because for cousin couple, the risk of having children with abnormalities is 3.7-5-7 % in general population, while for unrelated couple the risk is 2-3% in general population. It's slightly higher. The risk of having children with abnormalities is shown for women over 40 years old, and it's the same as the risk of having children with abnormalities between cousin couple. I think it's good to have a DNA test, but most children from cousin couples are fine.
    1
  97. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
    1
  98.  @armanmally3279  No, your siblings share more than 50% of your DNA, while your first-cousins share 12.5%% of your DNA. Marrying your nieces is more like marrying your siblings. They share 25% of the DNA.
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  99.  @armanmally3279  Socially, perhaps yes. Genetically, no.
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  100. Only in the US, people think it is immoral, not in europe.
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  101. @Beth Ayres provide me the statistics.
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  102. @Sasher Robinson No, it is not. Why don't you try to find a definition from Oxford Dictionary? It is disturbing for you, that's OK. Just don't judge others. You even don't read any research about it.
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  103. @Sasher Robinson IT IS NOT INCEST "Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small," said Eamonn Sheridan, a senior lecturer in clinical genetics at the University of Leeds who co-led the study and presented its results at a briefing in London. He added that this still means 96 percent of blood-relative couples are likely to have babies with no birth defects: "It's important to note that the vast majority of babies born to couples who are blood relatives are absolutely fine." - reuters(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php Sexual activity between two people who are very closely related in a family, for example, a brother and sister, or a father and daughter. - Oxford Dictionary "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  104.  @corncrackerkid5092  provide me some references
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  105. There is no enough data to make it illegal.
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  106. Not almost. Most children of first cousin unions will be normal
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  107. It's not illegal and not incest in most countries in the world. The risk is also still small, slightly higher than unrelated couple having children. 2-3% for unrelated couple and 3.7-5.7% for first cousin couple in general population.
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  108.  @kerryquinn7188  If you don't mind, please read Consanguinity in Context by Alan Bittles. He had done his study about first cousin marriages for over 30 years. Which country or area that shows 31% of children with disabilities? Some study are exaggerated and have little evidence.
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  109. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  110. According the Clinical Genetics Handbook, children of non-related couples have a 2-3% chance of being born with a birth defect, and children of first cousins have a 4-6% chance.
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  111. @Cyril It's still small number in general population. It will never happen that everyone marries his/her first cousin. Not every defect is caused by consanguineous marriage. There are other factors. It's 4-6%. Yes, it's doubled, but it's still small number. I can't say it's a good or bad thing. Just do genetic screening. If they are healthy, then go on. If the parents are the carriers, it's their choice.
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  112. @Cyril It depends on your perspective. Even genealogists say it still small number in general population. Slightly higher than the risk of unrelated couple. So, 94-96% the children will be fine. It shouldn't be discourage. Kindly read Consanguinity in Context by Alan Bittles. He had done consanguinious marriage research for over 30 years.
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  113. @Cyril Not every doctor is a genealogist or a specialist in public health. I have watched this video. I'm aware there is a significant increased risk. The main problem is recessive genes. Not consanguinity itself. So, here is my conclusion: do genetic screening. If they are healthy, then it's fine. For me, the number is still small in general population. I can do math. Watch this video: The genealogist say it still small. https://youtu.be/Hh5o4H7dXlw I haven't found any studies that said the risk is more than 20% due to multiple consanguineous marriages.
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  114. @Cyril It's your perspective. If you think it's high, I don't mind. What are you going to say? Cousin marriage should be banned? If the parents have done genetic screening, then it's fine. It's their choice. And not every defect is caused by consanguinious marriage. 4-6% is the risk, including the other factors like non consanguineous factors. Because unrelated couple have 2-3% risk. Let's say 4%-6%. 30,720 to 46,080 , these numbers are not always caused by consanguinious marriages. 15,370 to 23,040 , these number might be caused by consanguinious marriage. The potential risk is increased 2-3% percent because of consanguinious marriages. It is still small and slightly higher in general population.
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  115. @Cyril ​ You don't understand. The increased risk is 2-3%. So, the number should be 15,000 to 23,000. 46,000 are not always caused by consanguinious marriage. I know that the risk is increasing to the family that is practicing it for generations. And it's not incest in Britain because it's is allowed by law. The term 'incest' is used if it's banned by law. The study identifed parental consanguinity as a statistically signifcant risk factor for congenital anomalies, independent of socio-economic deprivation: parental consanguinity increased the risk for congenital abnormalities by 2 percent, an elevated risk similar to that for British mothers aged over thirty-four years. In much of this reporting, too, the extent of the risk is presented in an alarming manner. The ‘doubling’ of a background risk is frequently stressed, but in absolute terms, this amounts to an approximately 4–6 per cent, rather than 2–3 per cent, risk of an affected child (Bennett et al. 2002; Firth and Hurst 2005; chapter two, this volume). If this risk is about equivalent to the risk of a woman over thirty-four years of age having a child with a congenital or genetic abnormality, this hardly justifes a public health policy aimed at discouraging cousin marriage. In the House of Lords debate (21 April 2008), one questioner asked the then health minister if some ethnic communities have a higher risk than others; Lord Darzi’s response was ‘no’, that the risk is ‘double’ the background risk, but that this is low.
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  116. @Cyril The study identifed parental consanguinity as a statistically signifcant risk factor for congenital anomalies, independent of socio-economic deprivation: parental consanguinity increased the risk for congenital abnormalities by 2 percent, an elevated risk similar to that for British mothers aged over thirty-four years. In much of this reporting, too, the extent of the risk is presented in an alarming manner. The ‘doubling’ of a background risk is frequently stressed, but in absolute terms, this amounts to an approximately 4–6 per cent, rather than 2–3 per cent, risk of an affected child (Bennett et al. 2002; Firth and Hurst 2005; chapter two, this volume). If this risk is about equivalent to the risk of a woman over thirty-four years of age having a child with a congenital or genetic abnormality, this hardly justifes a public health policy aimed at discouraging cousin marriage. In the House of Lords debate (21 April 2008), one questioner asked the then health minister if some ethnic communities have a higher risk than others; Lord Darzi’s response was ‘no’, that the risk is ‘double’ the background risk, but that this is low.
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  117. @Cyril In the House of Lords debate (21 April 2008), one questioner asked the then health minister if some ethnic communities have a higher risk than others; Lord Darzi’s response was ‘no’, that the risk is ‘double’ the background risk, but that this is low. He said, "THIS IS LOW" I'm aware LOL. Just do genetic screening. I have read a lot of researches. Yes, you shouldn't make it a family tradition. Even the UK, they can't easliy ban cousin marriages. The best thing is "DO GENETIC SCREENING" The risks of bad outcomes are relatively LOW for any couple seeking counseling. There is no consistent religious or legal basis for banning such marriages - Alan Bittles
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  118. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  119.  @arminiusofgermania  there is a genetic test. It should not be illegall. Most children are healthy. Over 90%, they are normal.
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  120. You seem smarter than a geneticist. From the above, it becomes clear that the risk for consanguineous couples of having affected offspring actually consists of three different risks: a. The baseline risk for all parents-to-be of having affected offspring; b. The extra risk due to their consanguineous relation; c. The risk from disorders already present in the family. Genetic counselling of consanguineous couples requires a thorough inquiry into the exact pedigree structure and the disorders in the partners and their family – both common and separate branches. As is usual in genetic counselling, risks should always be put into perspective. Only a minority of consanguineous couples has an increased risk, and if a consanguineous couple has an affected child, this is not always caused by the consanguinity of the parents. Genetic testing of affected and unaffected members may be helpful in some families, and genetic screening of parents-to-be for carriership of the more frequent disorders in a population might be considered. - Cousin marriages: between tradition, genetic risk and cultural change, ISBN 978-1-78238-492-2
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  121. You looks smart enough to say that, but you are actually not. The possible mandatory prohibition of consanguineous marriage apparently approved by the Drafting Committee and accepted by the ASHG Board of Directors contradicts the 1970 conclusion of the US National Conference of Commissioners that state laws banning first-cousin marriage lacked scientific foundation and should be repealed. It also is at odds with the 2002 Recommendations by the US National Society of Genetic Counselors that, other than supplemental neonatal screening by tandem mass spectrometry at one week of age and hearing screening at three months, the progeny of first-or second-cousin couples did not require additional preconception, prenatal or postnatal testing (Bennett, Motulsky et al., 2002). - Consanguinity in Context by Alan Bittles, ISBN 9781139015844, DOI: 10.1017/CBO9781139015844 The situation with respect to consanguineous marriage in the USA remains confused and confusing, with little evidence of consistency or logic in the leg­islation. Perhaps the most surprising facet is the persistence of prohibitions on first-cousin marriage, which is contrary to a unanimous recommendation by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws in 1970 that these marriages should be freely permitted in the USA, a recommen­dation that subsequently was approved by the American Bar Association in 1974 (Glendon, 1989). The Commissioners had additionally recommended that uncle–niece marriages should be permitted in indigenous cultures where they were customary, with Native American, Alaskan and Hawaiian commu­nities specifically identified. But once again, little action appears to have been initiated on these recommendations. - Consanguinity in Context by Alan Bittles, ISBN 9781139015844, DOI: 10.1017/CBO9781139015844
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  122. How? Females also can be carriers.
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  123. LOL, the video tells you about one family. The risk in offspring of first cousin parents (4.5%) is only slightly higher than offspring of parents distantly related (3.5%) and the difference is not significant. - J Zlotogora onlinelibrary(dot)wiley(dot)com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ajmg.a.30905
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  124. It's not illegal and not incest in most countries in the world. The risk is also still small, slightly higher than unrelated couple having children. 2-3% for unrelated couple and 3.7-5.7% for first cousin couple in general population. Actually, there are benefits.
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  125.  @LA-dv4uu  Are you sure? Do some research
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  126.  @iaintmichaeljackson9587  90%? The fact says only 4-6%. Check it if you are not ignorant.
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  127.  @penname40  Not really, few risks seen to the children of first cousins.
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  128.  @kaleenalucero5960  2-3% for unrelated couple (the background risk), other 2-3% risk is from first cousins, so the total risk is 4-6%. It is still low number in general population. How can the rest are not healthy? What caused the rest?
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  129. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  130. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  131. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com
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  132.  @maddieb.8514  'nasty'. Have you read books about genetics or anthropology?
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  133. According to genealogy, it's not.
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  134. Consanguineous unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece. - Alan Bittles
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  135. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  136. Moral of the story - do genetic testing.
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  137.  @shasal400  it's complicated. They need to do a genetic testing. They will consider it. It will make the number lower.
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  138.  @katie-st8nx  you are not qualified to give him the recommendation like that.
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  139.  @thewkovacs316  I read books, you don't
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  140. It's not illegal and not incest in most countries in the world. The risk is also still small, slightly higher than unrelated couple having children. 2-3% for unrelated couple and 3.7-5.7% for first cousin couple in general population. Because of the modest health risks and access to genetic counseling and premarital advice for cousin couples, Bittles says state bans on first-cousin marriage appear to be unnecessary. "Given decreasing family sizes and ever-increasing educational, employment and social mobility, it seems almost inevitable that the prevalence of cousin marriage in the U.S. and other Western countries will decline," he says. "There is certainly no evidence that if the states which currently ban first cousin marriage were to repeal their legislation, a great demand for such marriages would result."
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  141.  @tytraveling917  No, I can't. But, the risk is still small in general population. Even in Pakisani community that are practicing the marriages between first cousins for multiple generations, the risk is small.
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  142.  @tytraveling917  I do care. The problem is recessive gene. What if they are totally healthy? Near Monsefu, Peru is a village named Eten. Until eighty years ago the (then) six hundred inhabitants of this town had preserved the purity of their blood from the time of the Spanish conquest. Every individual vowed not to wed outside of thegroup. Frequently, because of the difficulty of finding suitable mates, a brother and sister would marry. Despite this arrangement the people were "very healthy, with fine shapes, and in many instances very good-looking." The people of the Pitcairn Islands were for a long time highly inbred. The entire population was descended from some of the famed mutineers of the Bounty. All of the islanders bornafter 1800 were the progeny of a group composed of one man, five women, and nineteen children. Yet the islanders exhibited "a truly remarkable freedom from physical and mental defects." In 1907 there existed on Smith's Island in Chesapeake Bay a community of about seven hundred people. The members of this group had little contact with the mainland, and consanguineous marriages were "very frequent." As a result "nearly all" of the inhabitants were interrelated. Over thirty percent bore one surname, and the most common four surnames embraced fifty-nine percent of the population. Nevertheless, between September of 1904 and October of 1907 the local physician observed not one case of idiocy, insanity, deaf-mutism, hemophelia, or epilepsy on the island. The town of Batz, near Le Croisic, France, is situated on apeninsula and was for many years shut off from the mainland by a salt marsh. In the year 1864 forty-six consanguineous unions existed there, though the total population was only 3,300. This situation was typical of that which had prevailed for a long period, since the town's location precluded much intercourse with outsiders. Nevertheless, in 1864 Batz contained "not a single individual afflicted with any malady or malformation or suffering from a disease of the mind." Finally, at the turn of the twentieth century there existed a community of twelve hundred people in the Tengger Hills of Java who never married out of their community. This group had practiced close inbreeding for numerous generations, and yet the people were "bigger and stronger than any other race in Java."
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  143.  @Arabzene  the problem is the recessive genes inherited by couple for generations.
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  144.  @Greutskol  Charles Darwin married his double cousin, Emma, and had 10 children. The last 3 children had died when they were 8 yo (not because of consanguinious marriage). Some of their children were brilliant and scientists.
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  145.  @Greutskol  that's the problem. Doing genetic testing is the best thing and it can keep the number low because the parents will consider it. And, there is no enough evidence to ban cousin marriages. In the US, banning cousin marriages is not scientific.
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  146. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  147. Because the risk is not that high in general population. The risk in offspring of first cousin parents (4.5%) is only slightly higher than offspring of parents distantly related (3.5%) and the difference is not significant. - J Zlotogora onlinelibrary(dot)wiley(dot)com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ajmg.a.30905
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  148.  @mpv8mugambi  let me tell you something about the risk. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com
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  149. The law in the US is illogical. If first-cousin marriages in the US are banned, then women over 40 should be banned also because the risk is the same. The risk is 4-6%.
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  150.  @mrdogshit  having children? 94-96%, the children of first-cousin unions are normal. Unrelated couples have 2-3 of the risk. By your logic, they should be banned too.
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  151. It's not illegal and not incest in most countries in the world. The risk is also still small, slightly higher than unrelated couple having children. 2-3% for unrelated couple and 3.7-5.7% for first cousin couple in general population.
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  152.  @BeepBopBoop25  Of course, I would since there is no medical/health problem occured in my family.
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  153. Cousin marriage is not incest, sibling marriage is.
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  154.  @Daddy_pig607  not against the law.
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  155. 24 states in the US ban it because of little evidence.
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  156. Fact, it is different from incest.
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  157. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  158. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com
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  159. But it's not your sibling.
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  160.  @williampoole5007  80% marriages have been between first cousin and second cousin in human history.
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  161. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  162. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  163.  @ressljs  far? How far? The studies say that it is 1.7 to 2.8 higher in general population.
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  164.  @courtniewill  it is doubled. And the risk is 3.7 to 5.8% in general population, the same as women over 40. There is additional risk if the copy is inherited to both parents.
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  165. The scientific facts about first cousin marriages are overexaggerated.
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  166. The risk in offspring of first cousin parents (4.5%) is only slightly higher than offspring of parents distantly related (3.5%) and the difference is not significant. - J Zlotogora onlinelibrary(dot)wiley(dot)com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ajmg.a.30905
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  167. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  168. Because of the modest health risks and access to genetic counseling and premarital advice for cousin couples, Bittles says state bans on first-cousin marriage appear to be unnecessary. "Given decreasing family sizes and ever-increasing educational, employment and social mobility, it seems almost inevitable that the prevalence of cousin marriage in the U.S. and other Western countries will decline," he says. "There is certainly no evidence that if the states which currently ban first cousin marriage were to repeal their legislation, a great demand for such marriages would result."
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  169.  @ecisk0562  read some papers please
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  170. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  171. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  172. It should be considered to be different from incestuous unions like parent-child, siblings, uncle-niece.
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  173. "Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small," said Eamonn Sheridan, a senior lecturer in clinical genetics at the University of Leeds who co-led the study and presented its results at a briefing in London. He added that this still means 96 percent of blood-relative couples are likely to have babies with no birth defects: "It's important to note that the vast majority of babies born to couples who are blood relatives are absolutely fine." - reuters(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  174. "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012
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  175. It's illegal in the US because of the stigma during civil wars. The newest studies found that the risk is not that high in general population.
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  176. Not always happened. From the above, it becomes clear that the risk for consanguineous couples of having affected offspring actually consists of three different risks: a. The baseline risk for all parents-to-be of having affected offspring; b. The extra risk due to their consanguineous relation; c. The risk from disorders already present in the family. Genetic counselling of consanguineous couples requires a thorough inquiry into the exact pedigree structure and the disorders in the partners and their family – both common and separate branches. As is usual in genetic counselling, risks should always be put into perspective. Only a minority of consanguineous couples has an increased risk, and if a consanguineous couple has an affected child, this is not always caused by the consanguinity of the parents. Genetic testing of affected and unaffected members may be helpful in some families, and genetic screening of parents-to-be for carriership of the more frequent disorders in a population might be considered. - Cousin marriages: between tradition, genetic risk and cultural change, ISBN 978-1-78238-492-2
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  177. A cousin is not included
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  178. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
    1
  179. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  180. 3 rd cousin is far enough
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  181. In the House of Lords debate (21 April 2008), one questioner asked the then health minister if some ethnic communities have a higher risk than others; Lord Darzi’s response was ‘no’, that the risk is ‘double’ the background risk, but that this is low. He said, "THIS IS LOW" The risks of bad outcomes are relatively LOW for any couple seeking counseling. There is no consistent religious or legal basis for banning such marriages - Prof. Alan Bittles According the Clinical Genetics Handbook, children of non-related couples have a 2-3% chance of being born with a birth defect, and children of first cousins have a 4-6% chance.
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  182.  @laurabarber6697  genetically, cousin is not sibling. Siblings share 25% of our DNA, while first cousins share 12.5%. Consanguineous unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece. - Alan Bittles
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  183.  @Simi_Jay  Cousins is cousins. Siblings is siblings.
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  184.  @Simi_Jay  Half siblings do not share the DNA of their uncle and the DNA of their uncle's wife.
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  185. It's not illegal and not incest in most countries in the world. The risk is also still small, slightly higher than unrelated couple having children. 2-3% for unrelated couple and 3.7-5.7% for first cousin couple in general population. Because of the modest health risks and access to genetic counseling and premarital advice for cousin couples, Bittles says state bans on first-cousin marriage appear to be unnecessary. "Given decreasing family sizes and ever-increasing educational, employment and social mobility, it seems almost inevitable that the prevalence of cousin marriage in the U.S. and other Western countries will decline," he says. "There is certainly no evidence that if the states which currently ban first cousin marriage were to repeal their legislation, a great demand for such marriages would result."
    1
  186. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  187.  @chris-2496  there is no data about it.
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  188.  @zestyoverlord6772  can you give me the data?
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  189. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  190. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  191.  @caremyu  They only need genetic screening. If they are healthy, it's fine. It's their choice.
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  192. It is not. "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times
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  193.  @jamilajohnson7460  it should not be. There is a genetic screening and 94-96%, the children are normal in generel population.
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  194.  @samsara801 yes, in this family's case.
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  195.  @mirandahughes5991  have you read the research about it? No? Show me.
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  196.  @mirandahughes5991  the increased risk is not high. It is 1.7 to 2.8%. In this video's case, the there is an additional risk because the parents are the carriers of the same diseases. So, provide your references. And it is should never be considered 'incest' because it is legal in most countries in the world.
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  197.  @mirandahughes5991  LOL, more than 60 studies tell the same thing. Hahaha.
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  198.  @mirandahughes5991  it is because of the carriers LOL. You don't understand, do you? Of course it is discouraged because the parents are the carriers of the same diseases. What if the parents are totally healthy and carry no disease?
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  199.  @mirandahughes5991  even for multiple generations, no one has proven this. Theoretically, yes, but there is no data about it.
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  200.  @mirandahughes5991  94-96%, the children are normal. It is allowed in Christianity, Islam, Jewish, etc. And the technology can show the risk. And also banning cousin marriages is based on little evidence, like in the US. In Canada, UK,and most European countries, it is allowed. So why? Are they stupid or something?
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  201.  @mirandahughes5991  Kindly read Consanguinity in Context, Forbidden Relatives: The American Myth of Cousin Marriage, Cousin Marriages: between Tradition, Genetic Risk and Cultural Change, and No Genetic Reason to Discourage Cousin Marriage Study Finds by NY Times. Have a good day!
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  202. From the above, it becomes clear that the risk for consanguineous couples of having affected offspring actually consists of three different risks: a. The baseline risk for all parents-to-be of having affected offspring; b. The extra risk due to their consanguineous relation; c. The risk from disorders already present in the family. Genetic counselling of consanguineous couples requires a thorough inquiry into the exact pedigree structure and the disorders in the partners and their family – both common and separate branches. As is usual in genetic counselling, risks should always be put into perspective. Only a minority of consanguineous couples has an increased risk, and if a consanguineous couple has an affected child, this is not always caused by the consanguinity of the parents. Genetic testing of affected and unaffected members may be helpful in some families, and genetic screening of parents-to-be for carriership of the more frequent disorders in a population might be considered. - Cousin marriages: between tradition, genetic risk and cultural change, ISBN 978-1-78238-492-2
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  203. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  204. Cousin marriage is not incest, sibling marriage is.
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  205.  @suzimonkey345  it could be dangerous if there is a known disease in family. In general population, the risk is 4-6%. So, it is small. There is an additional risk when we know there is a disease in our family's history. If there is no disease, and the parents are healthy, then it should not be banned.
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  206.  @clairenollet2389  the risk is higher because they are isolated
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  207. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  208.  @bhavyasingh8201  not always, over 90% they are normal
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  209.  @bhavyasingh8201  you have
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  210.  @bhavyasingh8201  I see. But why I can't justify it?
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  211. Consanguineous unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece. - Alan Bittles
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  212. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  213. It's not illegal and not incest in most countries in the world. The risk is also still small, slightly higher than unrelated couple having children. 2-3% for unrelated couple and 3.7-5.7% for first cousin couple in general population.
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  214. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  215. Because of the modest health risks and access to genetic counseling and premarital advice for cousin couples, Bittles says state bans on first-cousin marriage appear to be unnecessary. "Given decreasing family sizes and ever-increasing educational, employment and social mobility, it seems almost inevitable that the prevalence of cousin marriage in the U.S. and other Western countries will decline," he says. "There is certainly no evidence that if the states which currently ban first cousin marriage were to repeal their legislation, a great demand for such marriages would result."
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  216. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  217.  @archipiratta  'Gross', 'icky', etc. are subjective. It is illogical to ban cousin marriages since the risk is not that high. People can fall in love with their first cousins. 80% of marriages have been between first-cousins and second cousins. In Christianity, Judaism, Islam, it is allowed. 10-15% of marriages today are between first-cousins. So, stop exaggerating.
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  218. If the couple do genetic screening and they are qualified, then IT'S OK
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  219. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  220. It's not illegal in most countries in the world. The risk is also still small, slightly higher than unrelated couple having children. 2-3% for unrelated couple and 3.7-5.7% for first cousin couple in general population.
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  221. I'm not defending incest because cousin marriages are not incest. The stigma is still strong now, while the cousin marriage in the past had been common. The report made a point of saying that the term ''incest'' should not be applied to cousins but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. https://www.nytimes.com/2002/04/04/us/few-risks-seen-to-the-children-of-1st-cousins.html Consanguineous unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece. - Alan Bittles https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/673814
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  222. In the House of Lords debate (21 April 2008), one questioner asked the then health minister if some ethnic communities have a higher risk than others; Lord Darzi’s response was ‘no’, that the risk is ‘double’ the background risk, but that this is low. Banning cousin marriage is not necessary since there is genetic testing. In Arab and Israel, there is genetic testing provided by the government. It can make the number lower.
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  223. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  224.  @annegreengables6367  Sorry. I didn't yell at you. I don't offend you. My apologies. Darwin had 10 children. 3 died before 10. They were brilliant and some of them were scientists. George Darwin, his eldest son did statistical research about first cousin marriages and there was nothing evil within a first cousin marriage
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  225. It's not incest. It's not like the USA that stigmatizes it. Because of the modest health risks and access to genetic counseling and premarital advice for cousin couples, Bittles says state bans on first-cousin marriage appear to be unnecessary. "Given decreasing family sizes and ever-increasing educational, employment and social mobility, it seems almost inevitable that the prevalence of cousin marriage in the U.S. and other Western countries will decline," he says. "There is certainly no evidence that if the states which currently ban first cousin marriage were to repeal their legislation, a great demand for such marriages would result."
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  226.  @nai.mp4536  because you have the stigma. First cousin marriages have been stigmatised, especially in the US, while the fact shows the increased risk is SLIGHTLY HIGHER in general population.
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  227.  @1houndgal  It's ignificant, but it's still low anf slightly higher, the studies says. The increased risk is 2-3% higher than the background risk. The birth abnormalities are NOT ALWAYS caused by consanguinious unions since the background risk is also 2-3%. It can be a problem if the recessive genes are carried for over generations. To make sure, doing genetic testing is necessary for consanguineous unions that have been practicing it for over generations in their families. What if both parents or one of the parents is not a carrier? The problem is recessive gene. What if they are totally healthy? Near Monsefu, Peru is a village named Eten. Until eighty years ago the (then) six hundred inhabitants of this town had preserved the purity of their blood from the time of the Spanish conquest. Every individual vowed not to wed outside of thegroup. Frequently, because of the difficulty of finding suitable mates, a brother and sister would marry. Despite this arrangement the people were "very healthy, with fine shapes, and in many instances very good-looking." The people of the Pitcairn Islands were for a long time highly inbred. The entire population was descended from some of the famed mutineers of the Bounty. All of the islanders bornafter 1800 were the progeny of a group composed of one man, five women, and nineteen children. Yet the islanders exhibited "a truly remarkable freedom from physical and mental defects." In 1907 there existed on Smith's Island in Chesapeake Bay a community of about seven hundred people. The members of this group had little contact with the mainland, and consanguineous marriages were "very frequent." As a result "nearly all" of the inhabitants were interrelated. Over thirty percent bore one surname, and the most common four surnames embraced fifty-nine percent of the population. Nevertheless, between September of 1904 and October of 1907 the local physician observed not one case of idiocy, insanity, deaf-mutism, hemophelia, or epilepsy on the island. The town of Batz, near Le Croisic, France, is situated on apeninsula and was for many years shut off from the mainland by a salt marsh. In the year 1864 forty-six consanguineous unions existed there, though the total population was only 3,300. This situation was typical of that which had prevailed for a long period, since the town's location precluded much intercourse with outsiders. Nevertheless, in 1864 Batz contained "not a single individual afflicted with any malady or malformation or suffering from a disease of the mind." Finally, at the turn of the twentieth century there existed a community of twelve hundred people in the Tengger Hills of Java who never married out of their community. This group had practiced close inbreeding for numerous generations, and yet the people were "bigger and stronger than any other race in Java."
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  228. According the Clinical Genetics Handbook, children of non-related couples have a 2-3% chance of being born with a birth defect, and children of first cousins have a 4-6% chance.
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  229. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com
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  230. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  231. The data tells us that the increased risk is 2-3% from 2-3%. So, it's 4-6%. It's the same as the risk of woman over 40 having children with abnormalities. So, let's ban women over 40 from having children
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  232. ​ @trevorlawrence2119  Theoretically, yes, it's getting higher. It is not quite easily to prove that (the chances). Watch this video: "When two cousins marry each other, is it cause for celebration? Or a scandal?" from 44:35 to 46:09.
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  233.  @trevorlawrence2119  The statistics don't conclude that cousin marriages should be illegal. It's illegal in the US because of the immigrants. "While first-cousin marriage may be subject to specific religious sanctions in Western societies, no laws restricting first-cousin marriage are in force at the national level. The legislation banning first-cousin marriage in China, Taiwan, both Koreas, and the Philippines appears to be somewhat anachronistic, the more so since equivalent laws have not been deemed necessary to restrict the numbers of children born with genetic defects elsewhere in the world. This observation equally applies to state-based legislation in the USA. Given the changing demographic profile of the USA, with many millions of immigrants from countries where consanguineous marriage remains popular, and the weight of evidence that points to the limited adverse effects of first-cousin marriage on offspring health, the current state laws on consanguineous unions could appropriately be re-addressed." - Consanguinity in Context, ISBN 9781139015844, DOI 10.1017/CBO9781139015844
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  234.  @trevorlawrence2119  I'm not spreading fake news. The increased risk is still small in general population. It's the fact. I provide the sources. Where is your source? "The possible mandatory prohibition of consanguineous marriage apparently approved by the Drafting Committee and accepted by the ASHG Board of Directors contradicts the 1970 conclusion of the US National Conference of Commissioners that state laws banning first-cousin marriage lacked scientific foundation and should be repealed." Consanguinity in Context, ISBN 9781139015844, DOI: 10.1017/CBO9781139015844 In an effort at clarification, the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC) convened a group of experts to review existing studies on risks to offspring and issue recommendations for clinical practice. Their report concluded that the risks of a first-cousin union were generally much smaller than assumed—about 1.7%–2% above the background risk for congenital defects and 4.4% for pre-reproductive mortality—and did not warrant any special preconception testing. In the authors' view, neither the stigma that attaches to such unions in North America nor the laws that bar them were scientifically well-grounded. When dealing with worried clients, the authors advised genetic counselors to “normalize” such unions by discussing their high frequency in some parts of the world and providing examples of prominent cousin couples, such as Charles Darwin and Emma Wedgwood. ........It is obviously illogical to condemn eugenics and at the same time favor laws that prevent cousins from marrying. But we do not aim to indict these laws on the grounds that they constitute eugenics. That would assume what needs to be proved – that all forms of eugenics are necessarily bad. In our view, cousin marriage laws should be judged on their merits. But from that standpoint as well, they seem ill-advised. These laws reflect once-prevailing prejudices about immigrants and the rural poor and oversimplified views of heredity, and they are inconsistent with our acceptance of reproductive behaviors that are much riskier to offspring. They should be repealed, not because their intent was eugenic, but because neither the scientific nor social assumptions that informed them are any longer defensible. - “It's Ok, We're Not Cousins by Blood”: The Cousin Marriage Controversy in Historical Perspective, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0060320
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  235.  @trevorlawrence2119  LOL? Why have those journals been published? The writer of Consanguinity in Context, Alan Bittle, had been doing his researches (consanguineous marriage) for over 30 years. Where is your source? How many journals have you read?
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  236. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  237. The data tells us that the increased risk is 2-3% from 2-3%. So, it's 4-6%. It's the same as the risk of woman over 40 having children with abnormalities. So, let's ban women over 40 from having children.
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  238. ​@Cyril Watch "When two cousins marry each other, is it cause for celebration? Or a scandal?" on youtube. 45:27
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  239. @Cyril Just watch it, I provide the information. That's impolite to call me like that.
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  240. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96-97% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com
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  241. Canada allows cousin marriage. It's not illegal in most countries in the world. The risk is also still small, slightly higher than unrelated couple having children. 2-3% for unrelated couple and 3.7-5.7% for first cousin couple in general population.
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  242. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  243. It's not illegal and not incest in most countries in the world. The risk is also still small, slightly higher than unrelated couple having children. 2-3% for unrelated couple and 3.7-5.7% for first cousin couple in general population.
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  244. Hmmm which God?
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  245. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  246. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  247.  @Empy003  the first paragraph is my point, the rest is my references.
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  248. This video doesn't represent the whole picture. Where are the other families? Stop exaggerating! 96% of the children are normal in British Pakistani Community. It is NOT INCEST. Called "Born in Bradford" or BiB, the study was the largest of its type ever conducted and looked at more than 11,300 babies in the northern English city of Bradford between 2007 and 2011. Among the Pakistani subgroup, they found 77 percent of babies born with birth defects were born to parents who were in blood-relative marriages. The researchers found the overall rate of birth defects in the BiB babies - which included largely white British and Pakistani mothers but also other ethnic groups - was approximately 3.0 percent, nearly double the national rate of around 1.7 percent. - reuters(dot)com “Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small,” -Eamonn Sheridan, reuters(dot)com Now, a detailed analysis of the issue involving over 11,000 children, born out of consanguineous marriages, revealed congenital anomalies in 386 of them. This figure of 3 per cent contrasts with the 1.6 per cent in children born of out of non-blood-relations unions - DR. Balasubramanian, thehindu(dot)com But the risks apply primarily to couples who are carriers of disorders that are normally very, very rare, Bittles explained. "For over 90% of cousin marriages, their risk [of having a child with a genetic abnormality] is the same as it is for the general population," he said. - EurekAlert! eurekalert(dot)org/pub_releases/2012-04/nesc-wnm042512(dot)php "Consanguinity unions or marriages usually involve individuals who are cousin and they can be considered to be different from incestuous unions that involve primary relatives such as parent-child, siblings, or uncle-niece." - Consanguinity in Context. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology, Volume 63. By Alan H. Bittles. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978-0-521-78186-2. 2012 The report made a point of saying that the term "incest" should not be applied to cousins, but only to sexual relations between siblings or between parents and children. Babies who result from those unions are thought to be at significantly higher risk of genetic problems, the report said, but there is not enough data to be sure. - New York Times 2002 nytimes(dot)com/2002/04/03/health/no-genetic-reason-to-discourage-cousin-marriage-study-finds(dot)html That doesn't necessarily mean cousins should be banned from marrying or that a court would uphold a ban on marriages between cousins, said Joanna Grossman, a law professor at Hofstra University, who has written about incest. "I don't think there is a justification for the cousin marriage ban," she said - ABC News abcnews(dot)go(dot)com/TheLaw/story?id=4799115&page=1
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  249.  @jeneticallymodified1  don't have a child then.
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  250.  @seorwhite3333  it is the same as women over 40. You should discourage them then.
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  251.  @jeneticallymodified1  everyone has 2-3% of the risk. Every woman over 40 has 4-6% of the risk. By your logic, it is should be banned. But, every country still allows it.
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  252.  @jeneticallymodified1  OVER 90%
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  253.  @jeneticallymodified1  the risk is the same as the risk of women over 40. 94-96%, the children are normal. It is not that harmful. "Whilst consanguineous marriage increases the risk of birth defect from 3 percent to 6 percent, the absolute risk is still small," said Eamonn Sheridan, a senior lecturer in clinical genetics at the University of Leeds who co-led the study and presented its results at a briefing in London. He added that this still means 96 percent of blood-relative couples are likely to have babies with no birth defects: "It's important to note that the vast majority of babies born to couples who are blood relatives are absolutely fine." - reuters(dot)com
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  254.  @jeneticallymodified1  A person has rights to marry another person and make a family. It is one of the 30 basic human rights listed in Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It is legal in most countries in the world. It is not that harmful. And there is a genetic screening.
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  255.  @jeneticallymodified1  where is your video? So, do you know what WHO say about it? Do they discourage a first-cousin cousin marriage? No. WHO (2006), ‘Preference for consanguineous marriage is a feature of the socio-cultural context within which medical genetic services must work.’
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  256.  @jeneticallymodified1  the important things are they know the risk and they do a genetic screening. If they know the risk and they still do it, it is not wise. If they are not the carriers of the same defective gene, there is no reason to discourage them. How can you ban 2 healthy first cousins from marrying? My reading comprehension? How many books or journals have you read? How about socio anthropology, biology, the law, religions, freedom of choice, right to marry and have a family, education? It is a complex issue.
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  257.  @jeneticallymodified1  all people need to do a genetic screening.
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  258.  Zareb Imam  WHO (2006), ‘Preference for consanguineous marriage is a feature of the socio-cultural context within which medical genetic services must work.’
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