Youtube hearted comments of Rick2010100 (@Rick2010100).
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They didn't use coal directly, but coke. The German word "Koks" corresponds to the English word coke. Coke is refined coal, it is baked in the absence of oxygen at over 1,000° C / 1,800° F. The result is almost pure carbon, which, among other things, does not soot or smoke. The coke is then pressed into briquettes under high pressure, thus producing fuel in a very pure and compact form. The coal gas that escaped during production used to be sold as town gas via the gas pipeline network. For cost reasons, it used to be used mostly for gas lamps and stoves, as coal or coke was cheaper for heating. Through coking, even low-grade coal such as lignite could be upgraded; the energy density per kg roughly doubles through coking.
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