Comments by "Andy Dee" (@AndyViant) on "Task & Purpose"
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The other thing that makes the AMX-10 such a good weapon for the Ukrainians right now is how many of the older tanks the Russians are dishing up to the front. T54, T55, T62 etc. These are all pretty easy targets for the AMX-10.
Using the older barrelled versions and their proprietary ammo is not really that much of an inconvenience either.
While it may make logistics a little more complex, it does mean that there are large amounts of stored ammunition available RIGHT NOW which is critically important, given the ammunition shortages the whole of western Europe now faces. Even more important is that even with the proprietary rounds they still offer HE, HEAT and APFSDS that is NATO triple heavy rated to 2200m, so can perform all tasks a big gun may be used for - artillery support, direct fire, infantry support, anti material and anti tank.
The only downside of these vehicles is that people might be tempted to use them in an incorrect way, just like Canadian LAV's or US Strykers, or even the Bradley.
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Actually, conventional powered subs, and even better air independent subs are far quieter than nuclear subs when they are trying to be quiet. As America has found out wargaming against Australia on multiple occasions. The much "derided" Collins class are actually exceptional hunter killer subs, but they're still ending the end of their viable operational lives. Whilst we can extend them to the mid-late 2030's they have a limited lifespan and the lead time on building replacements is probably a decade or more.
The decision needs to be made now. If it were not the Aukus agreement we'd be building French Nuclear Powered Shortfin Barracudas right now. Realistically it's lineball between them and the Astute class as to which is better for us, but geopolitics and all...
If this was just about defending Australia, Nuclear subs would be a huge mistake as they are far less stealthy, and thus far less effective in a hunter killer role. You cannot turn off that water pumping to cool the reactor as the reactor will melt down. And since you can't do that you cannot hide the heat signature of the submarine either. Both are easy to eihtter hear or track to high end sensors. That's how the Collins class can find American (or Russian or Chinese) subs so easily.
So If Australia was closer to China, like the way European nations are closer to their threats, Nuclear would make no sense at all. This was why an extended range conventional submarine was on our shopping list until the current tensions with China meant more time on target became a critical priority.
It is precisely due to that distance to China, that 2500 miles, that Nuclear power becomes viable. It's too far to allow for good time on target without stopping for refuelling in a potentially hostile region. Australia would need to refuel their subs in Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, Taiwan or Japan if they wanted to be able to patrol the South China Sea for an extended time. Japan is probably too far away for that to be feasible, and the others pose too great a security risk to be viable, with Singapore being the best of those options.
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Every nation has a balance between what is affordable and what is desired. This is why figures of around 2% of GDP are pretty standard during peacetime, bar for major structural shifts or purchases. Every nation can better spend capacity on productive improvements like transport and port infrastructure etc.
But military capacity, particularly capital ships has a lead in time of often decades.
It's clear we, like most European nations, have underinvested for a while, although certainly not like Germany. We need to increase that level, and wear the one off costs of upgrades or structural changes outside that 2% of GDP.
My question is about best efficiency. The previous government badly mismanaged the Submarine Contract and the Land 400 purchases, both due to lack of decision capability and blatant political manipulation. The issues on the Eurocopters are also an example of a defence purchasing process in shambles.
A reduction in IFV's is potentially disturbing, but if some of that funding goes to upgrades to either the old M113's or the ASLAV's then it may be money well spent. Both can have an important role, either in lower threat environments or even in higher threat environments with the correct upgrades. They also have capabilities that the Redback IFV and Bushmasters PMV do not have, most notably amphibious capability. The upgrade path of the ASLAV to LAV III spec and the Bushmaster M242 to 30mm or greater needs to be seriously considered.
The ASLAVs are far too good for just retirement. Either refitting or sale to allied powers to allow further purchases of newer generation gear would make sense.
Getting rid of gear with an intended increase in permanent professional Arm,y and also an increase in Army reserve makes no sense.
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You can also buy 277 Fury (same dimensions as the 6.8 Common Cartridge Military Round) as a recreational cartridge for about $1.30 a round. Using a 55,000 psi bras case, let alone a 62,000 psi military brass case instead of that fancy 80,000 psi 3 piece case your armor piercing capability is going to drop. A LOT.
Would a standard brass case 277 Fury still be much MUCH better than 5.56 for armor penetration? Hell yeah! 5.56 NATO M855 was 1800 Joules energy, Retail 277 Fury in standard 55,000 psi brass cartridges is more like 2850 Joules, and M80 7.62 NATO is about 3450 Joules. So even in a retail cartridge the 277 Fury is over 50% more smack than an M855.
Upgrading that pressure from a standard retail round by 10% to the same 60,000 ish PSI range that is used in the 7.62 NATO and 5.56 NATO would see the 277 Fury punching out in excess of 3100 Joules. But with better Ballistic Coefficients and better Sectional Density than the 7.62.
Even a cheaper standard brass case 277 looks like a good option.
That is still gonna be more than enough for current Chinese or Russian body armour, but I 'd have doubts on it penetrating BTR's and the like without that 80,000 PSI case and some fancy teflon and pentatrator designs.
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