Comments by "Evan" (@MrEvanfriend) on "Heat Exhaustion: Can heat kill you in medieval armour? (We find out, it wasn't nice!)" video.
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The difference was that these people trained and conditioned for it their entire lives. Training and conditioning are extremely important.
I was in the US Marine Corps. I was extremely well trained and extremely well conditioned. I went to war in Iraq, which is disgustingly hot during the summer - well over 120 on most days. While the armor I wore there was neither metal nor fully encasing as 15th century medieval armor was, it was still heavy and didn't breathe at all. That was about 14 years ago. If you put me in the same environment in the same equipment now, over a decade after having left the Corps, I'd probably drop dead. But at the time, I could bear it, because I was trained and conditioned to do so. It was always miserable, it never got anywhere approaching comfortable, and the helmet that I wore there, which I still have, has salt stains on the liner from the sweat.
There are other tricks as well, besides just conditioning and training. A good one having something wet wrapped around your neck - this cools the carotid arteries and thus the blood flowing into the brain, and can make a very big difference. I wouldn't be surprised if people back in the middle ages figured this out as well, and it seems to me that it would be easy enough to do even in armor (the flak jackets we wore had a high armored collar, and this didn't hinder it). Of course, drinking lots and lots of water is also key.
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