Comments by "Brandon" (@gravoc857) on "Kurzgesagt – In a Nutshell" channel.

  1.  @molybdaen11  People vastly underestimated the advantage of being able to keep things in either a wet, dry, or in between state. The ocean only has one state: wet. Which is a massive disadvantage that eliminates a huge chunk of chemical reaction and invention possibilities.
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  2. Agreed. They took cool science facts and wrapped it into a comparative story that goes on to explain just how crazy it is to be a human in this Thanos-balanced universe..
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  3.  @razgvozd  What a bad take.
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  4.  @emildegas4213  Yes, but that idea only simply says we’re in the middle. It didn’t tell a story like this channel did. This channel did perhaps the best story narrative around this middle idea I’ve ever seen, and I’ve seen it told a lot of ways.
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  5.  @dylanpriest9756  “We’ll be living in other galaxies by 3000” Strongly disagree. I think it’s more realistic to say that we’ll reach another star by 3000. Traversing our galaxy alone is going to take thousand(s) of years. Getting to another galaxy is extremely unlikely considering space time is expanding faster & eventually it will expand faster than the speed of light. Unless we master teleportation, folding space time via gravity or folding space time via worm holes. Dark matter & Anti matter engines still are restricted to the speed of light. Humanity has potential to become a type 2 civilization by 3000. Becoming a type 3 is going to take a REALLLLLLY long time. For example: It would take a self replicating, sentient and godlike AI nearly a million years to self replicate and expand through the entire Milky Way galaxy. We’re talking about something without biological limitations such as lifespans or fragile bodies to protect. Do not underestimate the challenges we face to become a type 3.
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  6.  @redd3104  Look up “The Great Oxygenation Event” Humanity isn’t the first species on Earth to destroy the habitability of the planet. Last time it happened was 2.5 billion years ago. Over 99.99% of water turned to ice. Less than 1% of life survived and it took 300 million years to exit a global ice age. Fucking bacteria did that. Yet you think humanity isn’t capable of accelerating the atmospheric green house effect to critical proportions?
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  7. This doesn’t have nearly enough upvotes. Instead there’s a comment higher up talking about penis size. We truly are a primitive type 0.75 species. Maybe penis jokes will finally become immature in a few hundred years when we graduate to a type 1 civilization? 😂
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  8. Oh look! The idiot learned some political buzz words from their echo chamber of choice & now parades around like they’re an intellectual. 😂😂😂 feel free to return those words at anytime. You clearly didn’t know them beforehand.
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  9. Found the conspiracy nut job
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  10. Agreed. I always liked their graphic style but holy fuck. These graphics have been mint lately and only getting better.
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  11. Yes, we could modify naturally existing bacteria that break down plastics. We could make them hyper-efficient at plastic disposal. Same for mushrooms at Chernobyl that eat radiation and convert it to chemical energy. We could modify the mushrooms to grow and spread really quickly, allowing nature to quickly clean up radiation spill sites.
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  12. #5 in trending. Brace yourselves, the wave of illiterate science deniers is coming.
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  13.  @cliffordstokes595  By doing so, you also outed yourself as an un-educated science denier. Probably a Bible thumper as well. Honestly shocking how many morons are in the US.
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  14. A Darkling's Hope! Did you know that this number is incredibly small in comparison to the bird genocide being caused by outdoor house cats? American house cats kill 500 million birds a year in the US alone. Also did you know that they are able to significantly reduce the amount of birds killed by wind turbines per year by repainting the turbines to a dark grey? The white color is apperently hard for birds to decipher during flight but a dark grey is one they’re able to easily decipher and avoid.
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  15. No. Gravity doesn’t work like that. If it did, Earth and every celestial body in our solar system would fall into the sun. Also, solar winds would be pushing the nuclear payload away. There’s a reason asteroids don’t orbit close to the sun. They don’t get sucked in, they get pushed out.
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  16. ackchyually they will. There are tens of thousands of differ t plastic compounds, with their own unique chemical makeup. The vast majority of plastic remains inedible to bacteria. Only specific plastic compounds are digestible, which are the plastics with weaker bonds. Strong bond plastics likely will be around a very long time.
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  17. Boomers will be gone by the time the gen-X’ers can blame Zoomers. We’re the demographic that can break the chain. Millenials and Zoomers united can overpower Gen-X’ers while they assume the mantle of power. The tides are shifting. Change and a new era is coming. Hang in there and remember, never stop holding our lawmakers and businesses accountable. 1-2 more decades before we can be in a position of leverage to demand real change. The climate change war will be harder to win then but not impossible. Don’t give up on the willpower of human beings.
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  18.  @Neptunes_Bounty  Well that’s depressing as hell. You actually believe that? It would be miserable living with that ideology every day. All one has to do is stop their self pity, and look at the shit our ancestors have dealt with. You’re more sheltered than any generation before. Yet you whine and complain. Not a good look for your squishy self.
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  19. Earth won’t stop spinning lmao.
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  20. It’s a little confusing. What the video is stating is that neutron stars are an unbelievably dense soup of elementary quantum particles. Or quark plasma. Quarks are the building blocks of atoms. You have a soup of quarks in the center, surrounded by a shell of atoms. These stars are no longer generating fusion, and instead rely on the quantum nuclear forces. This means that proton stars resemble an atom, more than they do a star. This means that we can study proton stars to gain intuition on several things. Proton stars will give us an even better understanding of atoms. They will give us some insight into what the singularity that caused our universe in the beginning to look like. They can tell us what the singularities in black holes are like. They can give us better insight into quantum physics, as proton stars are the only non-black hole objects where vast quantities of elementary quantum particles exist. In short, neutron stars hold secrets about the formation and mechanics of our universe. Secrets waiting to be unlocked by us. They are a gift that allow us to see the unseeable.
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  21. Imagine coming to a video about black holes to spew moronic comments about climate change.
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  22. Lol you’re a fool.
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  23. Adulthood is where friendships are chess moves.
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  24. Lol tell me you don’t know how Rome collapsed, without telling me you don’t know how Rome collapsed.
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  25. I’ve considered myself an atheist pretty much most of my life. As a hardcore believer in science, even I am starting to think this is by design. I’m not alone either. It took world renowned physicists and quantum theorists to tell me that the universe seems to be fine tuned specifically for life for it to start clicking. What if we’re not supposed to go beyond the speed of light? What if our higher intelligence was an extremely unlikely occurrence at this stage of the universe? What if we’re supposed to be one of those beings that evolves in a pitch black universe, surrounded only by our visible local group? What if the immense distance between batches of super clusters is supposed to eventually function as seperate universes, separated by so much space that not even light can cross faster than the expansion of space time. What if we’re merely an unintended consequence of a much larger picture & we weren’t supposed to see it? What if we end up breaking our artificial enclosure via “hacking” (worm holes, faster than light travel, teleportation, alternative dimensional travel, etc). What happens then? Why? Einstein gave us hope. Folding space time via gravity. Quantum physics gives us hope. Worm holes and alternate universes. String theory gives us hope. Manipulating the lesser quantum dimensions that form together all the higher dimensions we see in our realm of size. I really hope more major scientific advancements come in my lifetime. I feel I have a very strong understanding of what the universe is, what it was and what it will become. With all that said: I don’t know anything. Nor do the brilliant minds that pioneered these ideas. But I still want to know more.
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  26. This channel is science pandered for laymen. As far as laymen are concerned, all they need to know is stars die when their core reaches iron. There are several scientific channels that will go as precise as you want.
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  27. Simply put, quasar is a temporary state of a black hole. All the black holes that were once quasars in the past still exist today. Quasar is just the state of actively feeding quicker than what the black hole can absorb at any given point. Which results in huge quantities of matter and energy being ejected from the accretion disk before it can pass the event horizon. Most quasars existed in the past. They’re a mostly extinct phenomenon. The only way to create modern day quasar conditions is to merge galaxies, which still definitely happens. Quasars are a rare phenomenon now in the present day universe.
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  28. The loons are out in force today in the “new comments” section.
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  29. Basically they throw deadly energy waves at you over and over again. They kill you, and anything else inside of you. The hopes is that it kills the thing inside of you quicker than it kills you. Sometimes it doesn’t, and it just simply kills you instead.
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  30.  @aaronkoning7255  Wind has its limits, yes. Solar does not have limits. In the grand scale of the universe and time. Solar is likely to become an apex energy source even surpassing fusion, dark matter & anti matter. Perhaps only bested by harvesting black holes for energy. Our star is tiny compared to most other stars. Yet our star is a near boundless energy source that can be harvested for millions of years. Solar isn’t sufficiently advanced as technology. It’s not reinventing the wheel. Speaking of which, humanity has reinvented the wheel numerous times. In fact, the tires on your car is the result of reinventing the wheel several times & car manufacturers are working on reinventing the wheel even again. So it’s a bad analogy because we do reinvent the wheel all the time. Battery tech isn’t advanced enough yet. Solar tech isn’t advanced enough yet. Superconducting materials aren’t advanced enough yet. Solar tech also isn’t where it needs to be. To be hyper effective, it needs to be in space and it needs to be as close to the sun as possible. A Dyson swarm is a gargantuan undertaking, but it doesn’t have to be made all at once. It’s a project that can take eons & we’ll likely continuously add onto it, gaining higher access to energy with every additional solar panel launched. We’ll likely have fusion before we start a Dyson swarm. Fusion will power us to become a type 2 civilization. To become type 3, we’ll need far more than fusion.
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  31. The core collapses. The outer shell gets blasted away. The core collapse generates enormous shockwaves that rips apart the surface and blasts it away.
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  32.  @AoiKaze2000  Then why aren’t there bacteria who eat diamonds, steel, granite, etc? The answer is the strength of the bonds. There will be plastic on earth millions of years from now.
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  33. It depends on if it’s an isolated star or not. If a neutron star is a binary star. It will feed on its star neighbor, until the quark plasma is no longer able to support the structure and it collapses into a black hole. If it’s an isolated star. It will slowly cool, slowly decrease its rate of spin, slowly dim, slowly lose its magnetic effect and it will eventually evaporate into neutrinos. This process will take hundreds of billions of years, maybe even trillions. This explanation assumes some assumptions though. We still don’t fully know what happens, but this is our best guess based on modern physics and astronomy.
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  34. Rabbi Shlomo Mammon Goldbergstein The Lampshade lol you missed the point entirely.
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  35. Scientists have looked into what would happen if you nuke Yellowstone’s super volcano. Even with a nuclear weapon such as the Tsar. The answer is a whole lot of nothing. Tsar Bomba is 50 megatons. Krakatoa’s eruption was 200 megatons. Total global arsenal of 15,000 nuclear warheads: 1,460 megatons total global sunshine received per minute - 62,500 megatons last eruption of Yellowstone supervolcano (640,000 years ago) - 875,000 megatons 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami - 9.32 million megatons 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake (Boxer Day) - 9.56 million megatons Chicxulub meteor (wiped out dinosaurs, 65 million years ago) - 100 million megatons
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  36. They can turn into black holes. Neutron stars are very close to the black hole threshold. If a neutron star is a binary star, it will feed on its neighbor until the quark plasma is incapable of supporting the structure and it collapses into a black hole. These structures can exist for hundreds of billions, and maybe even trillions of years. Even isolated neutron stars can become black holes. Hundreds of billions, to trillions of years is a lot of time for orbits to interact. They may eventually encounter enough matter to collapse.
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  37.  @nacienlos70  If you’re becoming interested in collapsed stars. You might be interested in the theoretical concept of primordial black holes. There’s no direct evidence of their existence yet, however, theoretical physics math states they likely exist. They might even be a candidate as a dark matter explanation. Currently, black holes are thought to only form from collapsed stars. It might have been possible for black holes to form from the vast clouds of hydrogen and helium during the great expansionary period of the universe. You might also be interested in Boson ghost stars, as we’re not sure if these things actually exist, or what a collapse of an invisible star would be like. Could it even collapse? You might also be interested in dark iron dwarf stars, as we’re not really sure how this late stage star will die.
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  38.  @martymcfly88mph35  I don’t trust anyone who says trust me.
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  39. Grand Unification Epoch, AKA the Big Bang, AKA the Great Expansion. This is the first second of our universe. An incredibly hot and dense quantum plasma heated to quadrillions of degrees, experiences grand unification of the 4 (possibly 5) forces of the universe. This unified force is only possible under the most extreme conditions. It’s called the Strong Electronuclear force. Something has occurred exactly once in our universe. This something, is responsible for us being here today. This something triggered the formation of our universe. We don’t know why, but we do know that at the Grand Unification Epoch, there was an imbalance. Something allowed for the harmonic balance of virtual particle creation and destruction, to be broken. Either anti matter was being destroyed before eliminating with its matter counterpart, or matter-matter pairs were momentarily possible to form. A huge influx of particles at every point of our universe simmered into existence at the exact same time. With no anti matter to self anhilate with, these particles are forced to interact with one another. A quadrillions of degrees-hot ultra dense quantum plasma. These ever expanding packets of energy triggered the creation and expansion of spacetime. Gravity doesn’t even exist at this point. Under such extreme conditions, atoms don’t even exist either. This quantum plasma is unevenly distributed, which is attributed to the chaotic and randomized nature of the quantum soup that continues to create virtual particles, at every single point of spacetime to even this second. As these packets expand and unpack in their newly found permenant forms, they begin to cool in temperature. As temperature drops, it eventually passes a threshold where grand unification fails. The four (possibly 5) forces split apart, which triggers the complex interaction between permenant particles now existing in our universe. As these newly formed forces interact, they begin to find interaction balances resulting in stable evolutions into tangible particles. The moment that the atom was created, is when uneven pockets of spacetime collapse into black holes. For what existed before tangible matter, was virtual packets of energy. These packets do not adhere to the same rules of the universe we do, which means they can exist in states beyond what matter could support. Therefore, these virtual packets cannot form into black holes, until these virtual packets reach the required conditions and interactions necessary to form a tangible particle. Then once the tangible particle is formed, it will collapse into a black hole instantaneously at the moment of existence. Therefore, black holes are spontaneous events that occurred at the exact moment of the creation of matter, and continue to this day. These primordial ultra massive black holes, have potentially trillions of years of a head start, in terms of mass. The larger the black hole, the slower Hawking Radiation can emit away. Meaning, these ultra massive black holes will far outlive the universe itself, and be the last matter to emit away. The true immortals in our universe. They will see both the exact moment of creation, and destruction of the universe. Another quick interesting fact is that life itself may have been given a millions, to billions of years headstart. There was a point in which our universe existed at an ambient temperature of 85 degrees. There was no light and vast clouds of hydrogen, with some small formation of more complex matter, even up to solids. It’s possible a Goldilocks zone could have existed for simple life to flourish in the first few millions of years of our 13 billion year old universe. This is the great expansionary period, in which spacetime was just decompressed enough to allow for complex physics to exist, but compact enough to allow for much quicker travel through the universe. If these theoretical Goldilocks zones could exist back then. Then it’s possible that simple single celled organisms may have thrived in the dark, warm and dense hydrogen clouds & small chunks of rocky formations beginning to appear. They may have hitched a ride throughout the web of galactic filaments, before the expansion of spacetime became so extreme. This primordial life may have seeded vast distances of the universe with abundant organic matter, which allows for life to take a root in even the most extreme conditions, such as the early Earth. Or possibly even the clouds of Jupiter. It’s possible that airborn microorganisms could exist in a Goldilocks zone high up in Jupiter atmosphere. That it would be warmed by the heat from the planet, the sun and it would feed on Jupiter’s hydrogen clouds. If we ever find life on Jupiter, then it means it’s highly likely that life could have existed & thrived in the primordial hydrogen clouds. This would have huge implications of the possibilities of life across the universe.
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  40. Which is also $40,000 dollars in wage costs if the average pay is $20 per hour. Which neglects stuff such as corporate health benefits, utilities, location costs, etc. Spending $40,000 or more dollars on a FREE YouTube video is insane.
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  41.  @phonotical  Ok? 2000 hours is still insane for a video. There team isn’t huge & this isn’t the only video they’re working.
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  42. Less people means less opportunity for brilliance and innovation. If your goal is to become a multi-stellar species & make it past a great filter, you don’t do that by having less children. It’s shortsighted to think that only capitalism wants population growth.
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  43.  @leanegoya  Environmental/planetary sustainability doesn’t prevent a planet killer event. The only way humanity guarantees it doesn’t go extinct is to go into the cosmos. Anyone who suggests we shouldn’t aspire to become multi-stellar, is suggesting that humanity should and will go completely extinct.
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  44. If nuclear waste explodes in a rocket in the atmosphere. It might as well be toxic goo, or in this case, toxic dust that will rain down on everything in its path.
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  45. Yikes
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  46. Yikes
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  47. Not enough gravity. They exist as objects on the verge of becoming black holes. Speaking of which, proton stars can and do turn into black holes. This makes them the second most extreme object in the universe. If a proton star is a binary star. It will feed on its star neighbor until it acquires enough mass to become a black hole.
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  48. You would have fit in well during the Cold War and Y2K times. You would have spent your life savings on a fallout shelter, talked about CIA, Russian, and Y2K conspiracies. You certainly would have talked about MK Ultra. You would have had that block haircut & have been the neighbor everyone avoided.
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  49. We can kind of already see the Big Bang from earth. The issue here is “seeing”. The Big Bang marks a point of infinitely dense energy. Seeing past something infinitely dense is, well, impossible. Therefore we can’t watch the creation of the Big Bang because there is no edge of space to witness the creation of said big bang. There is only cosmic geodesics that all lead back to a singular point of infinite density, and to get around that one must causally disconnect themselves from the universe. Which currently seems entirely impossible with our current day understanding of the universe.
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  50.  @MaxDamage1984  Black Swans are rare and unpredictable. Black swan events aren’t magic witchcraft. There’s basically no scenario that can stop our planet from spinning. It’s almost literally impossible. An example of a realistic black swan event of cosmic scales: A dormant and rogue black hole enters our solar system. It passes our planet and disrupts our orbit around the sun. Now our planet has been slingshotted outside the solar system, and we’ve become an inhospitable rogue ice planet, in which no life can survive. That’s a realistic black swan event, as we’ve likely had black holes enter our solar system before, and likely will have more encounters with them in the future. Earth could encounter a trillion black holes, and it’s chance of having the perfect encounter to stop its rotation is closer to zero than it is to 1.
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