Comments by "SeanBZA" (@SeanBZA) on "Asianometry"
channel.
-
The highest power user in modern processors is just the distribution of various clock signals around the die, with more than half of the active power being used to drive clock signals that are used to latch the assorted logic systems. that is why there is so much research in cutting clock supply to any unused parts, even if only for a single clock cycle, not running that clock for say half of the individual ALU of a core, which for a cycle or two is not actively doing work, means a big power saving. Even the bus latches that are tri stated and not actively driving an internal bus will benefit from not having the internal latching clock, almost always there to latch the internal state before delivering it out, being turned off as well. That along with non clocked logic that relies on propagation delays to provide a smooth execution path, are all things done to reduce power use.
If you want crazy look at how small cheap chips generate their internal clocks, using an evolved set of logic that, due to quantum interactions between gates supposedly not connected, makes for a clock system that both self starts, does not use large areas of silicon to make RC systems, the old approach, but instead becomes a VLSI macroblock of literal magic that you drop in from the EDA tool, designed for that exact process, that will magically spit out a clock with a reasonably constant frequency, and which is all within 5% on all chips, good enough to use to run say USB devices with no need for the 11MHz crystal normally used to allow the communications to take place, using the internal clock to start up, and then having another clock derived from the signalling to talk back.
19
-
Main heat source is the massively increased number of passengers, each of which is an equivalent to a 150W heater, plus each releases both CO2 and water vapour, so you need to actively remove those with the heat. the trains themselves are not really a big heat source, regenerative braking recovering a lot of energy, and brakes only to do the final stop, and the trains act like very efficient pumps, moving air in the tunnels to the stations. you have ot cool the air going in, or move massive volumes at each station, which is a problem with old stations with small ventilation ducts, in that to move air in you need lots of pressure, or bore out the ducts in the ground to be a lot larger, and have the passenger entrances with a high air flow as exhaust, along with mid tunnel sections that also exhaust large volumes of air to ventilate the tunnel and remove air from platforms. A big issue with there being no space to put this added equipment and needing to find space above ground to do the air inlet and outlets as well. Quite a few false buildings above underground routes that look like a surrounding building, but which are there to hide the massive fans and holes for underground rail ventilation instead.
18
-
6
-
5
-
3
-
3
-
Yes, pharmaceutical grade water is infinitely easier, not so much care particulate wise, more about sterility and just having low dissolved ions in it, and the water used would easily be produced by the first few stages of the semiconductor industry. Big step up from most city water though, even if the plants all use it as feedstock.
Funny enough most bottled water has more dissolved ions than the feed water used to produce it, regular city water, just sent through particle filters, carbon filters and then resin beds to trap ions, and finally UV sterilised, and filtered for particulates again. Then they add in salts, to give it flavour, and bottle it.
2
-
2
-
Well the mining of old dumps for gold, and the profitable extraction of copper, silver and sulphuric acid from the dumps, was also a SA thing, and the end result was also that large chunks of land, all now more or less in the middle of the gold reefs, was available, plus the residue from the recovery was pumped back into the pits, both filling in the old adits, and making the ground less prone to sinkholes forming, and also keeping the local water tables free of pollution. I remember all those mine dumps being there, but now almost all are gone, replaced by housing tracts. The actual god recovery was also, because of new methods over the old mercury extraction and flotation used, actually higher than the current virgin ore being mined, despite it being already processed, and the dumps were also easier to handle, seeing as the ore was already crushed and easy to handle. Of course, you also had a good amount of both mercury and other stuff recovered, as the mine dumps were used as a catch all dumping ground by the mines.
2
-
1