Comments by "SeanBZA" (@SeanBZA) on "Project Farm"
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@consaka1 Basically a specially machined bolt and nut, with 2 ends, where one end is the minimum size for that particular thread diameter and pitch, used to check the thread is not oversize, and is the go size, in that it must fit without binding, and must be firm with no wobble. The other side is cut to the maximum diameter, at least just past the first few turns, and should engage a turn or so, so that you are sure the thread is not oversize as it stops going in. For the nuts the first is the maximum diameter, and all bolts should fit with no slop, and the other side is the minimum, and it should not go onto the bolt after the first turn or so.
Unfortunately precision parts, and you need one of each double ended tool, per fastener pitch and diameter, so these are not common, normally used only for very close tolerance work where you are running the fasteners at a very close tolerance and at a very high loading. you normally see them in aviation maintenance, where they are used when rebuilding airframe and engines, to determine whether a fastener, which is normally an expensive part, as the cheap (under $5 each) fasteners are simply regarded as a part you throw away each time. These are for the more expensive ones, where you will use the gauge to check the fastener, and the hole, are still within tolerance, so as to allow them to be reused. $500 gauge, used to check a $1000 plus bolt, and the gauge itself has to be calibrated and certified annually, or more often, depending on use. Half of an aircraft repair facility toolbox is special measuring tools, so they use a Snap On toolbox, as that is often the cheapest single part in that tool box. Spanners have serial numbers in a lot of cases.
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@ProjectFarm My cheapest ones were actually US standard sizes, they had not moved off the shelves for 40 years, since the country went metric, so were finally on sale, for only double of the price in 1970, so I picked all of them they had up. Only 3 sets, but covered all the US standard sizes I used on US built machinery, 1/4, 5/8 and 7/16 standard thread. Also got the 7/16 die nut, so I could make the shear pins that used that thread, instead of ordering them, at a ruinous price. 1metre of 12mm stainless steel hex stock made a large number of those shear pins for use. Machining the pins, plus the tooling, came to the cost of only 1 pin, and I got over 20 of them, with bar left over.
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Just remember that there are multiple formulations for hot melt glue, and that often it is hard to tell them apart as they look the same, are the same mass and even have very similar softening temperature ranges. This also does very from batch to batch, especially on the cheaper ones where the repacker who assembles the retail packs will often just buy a glue on price and, provided it meets the diameter and length required for the pack, and melts within the required range, it can vary quite a lot as the suppliers have excess of one or the other more specialist product that they want to sell for a low price, or have a batch that did not meet the more stringent tests for the speciality professional market.
I know from working with local glue suppliers that they have over 100 different glue sticks available, almost all of them having diameters that fit the most popular glue dispensing systems, and with some being almost indistinguishable from each other in melting point, but having vastly different uses and chemical make up. For sticking things like cardboard and paper though pretty much any one will do, but some of there are designed for good adhesion to glass and others are for mirrors, where you do not want any attack of the silver backing long term.
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Would add the helicoil and clones are really good, but the timesert is the best for handling pressure and liquid. Would say that for the tension tests you really need to not use cheap bolts, but go instead for capscrews with a rolled thread, as I have found the 8.8 capscrews are stronger than the helicoil inserts, and will actually pull them out before the bolt fails.
If you go to a M10 thread, go and buy from Ford CVH engine head bolts, as those are incredibly tough, as they are designed to have the shank stretch, but not the threads. New ones should easily be capable of doing the insert to destruction, as the recommended method to repair damaged threads on the block is to tap down to the base of the hole in the block, and run in a few inserts, or a very long one, to provide a large grip area, which will never let go, the bolt itself will snap first, though the torque to do that is to go to 90Nm, then a full turn and a half, instead of 2 90 degree turns in sequence. I have used those bolts a lot in machinery, to have a really good high strength connection, though normally regular high tensile nuts are not up to the task, always have threaded the steel to take the bolt instead.
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Do not think you want to try the oil for piston engine aircraft. That looks like thick syrup when cold, and only gets worse when frozen. You almost have to use a spatula when cold, but after the engine is warm it runs like water.
Jet engine lubricant is more of a hydraulic fluid, it has to work well over an extreme range of temperatures, as it will be used both in freezing places, like actuating the cylinders that are on the wings, and the same fluid will also be in the engine cooling down parts that are at 1000 C on the one side, but have to stay cool, so the fluid has to absorb that heat safely. Works because the flow rates there are kept high, so the oil can be moved to a heat exchanger to dump the heat fast. The fluid is also regularly sampled, so that wear particles can be examined, so the condition of the whole system is kept good, plus the filtering is very good to keep particulates down to a very low level.
Just do not get it on your skin, the additive packs in jet fluid are very toxic in a lot of cases, and it is incredibly hard to remove from skin without very aggressive scrubbing and lots of harsh soap, and clothing soaked in it is almost impossible to clean without boiling for hours in industrial detergent solution.
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