Hearted Youtube comments on Mathologer (@Mathologer) channel.

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  13. Big fan of Heron's formula here, so I may go on a bit. Here in the US, New York State, under the "Regents" math curriculum, in the late 1960's, we did learn Heron's formula. We were not required to memorize the derivation, but it was in the textbook. Decades later, I decided to test my algebraic chops, and try to derive it with the only clue I remember from the book, that it relied on factoring the difference of two squares. If you drop an altitude on one of the sides, you can solve for the altitude and one of the unknown segments on the base simultaneously, using the Pythagorean Theorem. Mathologer takes a shortcut by using the law of cosines, but my method is how you get the law of cosines as well (and you can get rid of the fraction in the Mathologer's version with some convenient cancellations). But once I was there, and I got the formula knowing what I was looking for, I thought of four justifications for "discovering" Heron's formula instead of calling it a day having a formula for the area in terms of the sides: 1) it lacks symmetry. There is nothing special about any side, other than that you chose one to drop an altitude on; 2) it's pretty nasty to calculate from. Many of us have probably calculated nastier ones, but we can do better; 3) it is badly scaled. You end up raising numbers to the fourth power, which usually results in something large, then subtracting them, leading to truncation or round-off errors if you don't keep a lot of decimal places (I realize Heron wasn't thinking about floating point calculations. Heck, he didn't even have a decimal system) 4) it's not obvious from the original formula, at least to me, that your area isn't going to turn out to be the square root of a negative number. If you expand the trinomial and collect terms, you do get something symmetrical, but all the other objections remain. That might tell you that, since expanding didn't work out very well, maybe the opposite--factoring--is the solution. In addition to factoring the difference of two squares, twice, at one point you have to collect some terms and recognize it as the square of a binomial. It's all quite pretty. But it's 100%, algebra, none of the geometric insight of this video. With the final formula, in addition to being much prettier and easier to calculate from (if the need arises which, truthfully, it rarely does) you can see at once that for a legitimate triangle, no one side being longer than the sum of the other two (or equivalently, no side being longer than the semi-perimeter) you'll never get a negative number and moreover, if a "triangle"s one side is exactly equal to the sum of the other two it has zero area, as expected.
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