Hearted Youtube comments on Flash Point History (@FlashPointHx) channel.
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I am in awe. I have read, researched, watched, and been taught about the Punic Wars my entire lifeāover and over, after becoming fascinated by my grandfatherās explanations of āRomeā to a curious boy with an illustrated history book...and only just NOW, after listening to this installment (the first of yours Iāve watched/listened-to) do I feel truly satisfied with the way this history was handled. Thank you so much.
It seems like every explanation of the second Punic War Iāve ever come across basically follows this template: āHannibal crossed the Alps, it was super hard and really scary! Then, Hannibal fought these exact three battles that killed soooo many Romans! The Romans got scared and adopted the Fabian strategy, while Hannibal just kind of chilled-out in Italy! Then, out of absolutely nowhere: Scipio landed an army in Africa and beat Hannibal...later the Romans would raze Carthage.ā
...Without the total picture (that you provided) that is often glossed over, then the context that defined Hannibal and Scipio, Rome and Carthage, and human history forever...is lost.
Again, thank you. You have a fan and admirer of your work for life, based just on this video, which will lead to me watching/listening to everything youāve put out. Maybe my reaction seems silly right now, but for those who love history this much, itās a great relief to hear such pivotal moments explained with clarity, thoroughness, and genuine care for the subject that leaves me feeling renewed passion about such a familiar and beloved subject.
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In the case of Norway, the Black Death ended up having quite monumental consequences. The plague wiped out Norway's already small nobility and resulted in most of the land being left abandon. The name ĆdegĆ„rd (abandoned farm) originate from this time period and is a common surname today (notably internationally, Real Madrid player Martin Ćdegaard). The people who moved in to the abandoned farms were commoners, leaving Norway with a large class of free peasants. Shortly after the plague, the crowns of Norway, Denmark and Sweden were united through dynastic marriages. Norway would increasingly become a junior partner in the union with Denmark. The last vestiges of Norwegian independence were wiped out during the Reformation when the Danish king abolished the Norwegian council of state. This was the last instrument of power for the remaining Norwegian nobility. From then on, Norway was governed as a Danish province. The people actually doing the governing were Norwegian bureaucrats, usually from the emerging middle class as international trade increased. The result was the power in Norway rested in the hands of people of relatively low standing compared to the rest of Europe. This might be a contributing factor for the development of Norway's relatively egalitarian society today. The nobility was officially abolished in 1814 at the constitutional congress in Eidsvoll. The representatives of the Norwegian people at the congress were almost exclusively commoner landowners and members of the middle class (bureaucrats, merchants, craftsmen, etc.) So in conclusion, the Black Death may have been a contributing factor to the development of the modern Norwegian democracy.
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Two points: First is that Portugal was the first modern imperial power, starting like you describe. There were three "empires", the first was based on the spice trade, it went as far as Japan, it conquered Malacca and died out during the dynastic union with Spain, as the Dutch and the British followed the routes used by the Portuguese and ransacked the empire. The Portuguese were not over-keen to defend this as it was now Spanish. The second "empire" was based on Brazil, the gems, gold, sugar and other commodities. This went belly-up with Brazil's independence in 1821. The third "empire" was once again based on the African colonies and their riches, this went over the side in 1974. The much-vaunted British empire only started in the 18th century and was consolidated after the Indian Mutiny when the trade and power was taken from the various rapacious "companies" and paced under crown control.
The second point concerns the slave trade. You paint it as if the Portuguese started it. This is grossly untrue, it had been going on in Europe for centuries albeit on a small scale. Captured enemies (specially non-Christian ones) were in general enslaved. it was rife during the Roman Empire, and what the Portuguese did was tap a new source of manpower they could buy from the local chieftains (yes, africans sold africans...) for relatively cheap goods. The enslavement of africans had been ongoing for centuries by the islamic arabs, there is on Youtube an interesting video by a Nigerian professor of sociology that estimates that something like 18 MILLION young African men were taken as slaves, subjected to the compulsory radical castration (penis and testicles) from which less than 20% survived. This is not only slavery, it's near genocide.Ā
Please correct your facts, Europeans had a relatively minor role in the enslavement of Africans, I understand that for an American this is the relevant part as it still affects your society, but facts are facts even if they do not fit the current political narrative...
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