Comments by "D W" (@DW-op7ly) on "Inside China Business"
channel.
-
@tonysu8860
another way to look at it China has managed to make a homegrown Lithography machine albeit one that creates legacy type/level 28nm chips
Where they are using their proprietary layering/patterning technique to get down to that 7nm/5nm
So yes one could argue they are behind from a sanctioning standpoint
But from an all out war standpoint where a Country has been cut off from inputs from other countries?
I look at it as a China is ahead Because really that is the worst case scenario the USA/West is envisioning.
As that being the reason they have sanctioned/cut off China right now
That’s the biased criteria we put on China making that 100% homemade chip right down to the screws and Rare Earths required to make the lithography machines in the first place
Where ASML sources 85% of what goes into making their lithography machines from around the world
👇
Circumventing the Chokepoint: Can the US Produce More Rare Earths?
Oct 30, 2023
* Rare earths—which include the fifteen lanthanide series elements plus scandium and yttrium—are critical not only to energy technology like permanent magnets in electric vehicles and offshore wind turbines but also to military applications like lasers and precision-guided weapons. These elements enable defense equipment and weapons system components to function.
From 1950 to October 2018, China filed 25,911 rare earth patents, while the United States filed only 9,810. Thus, China can also restrict rare earth technology. In April 2023, for instance, Nikkei Asia reported that China was considering restricting exports of rare earth magnet technology
New Security Beat
👇
Applications in Semiconductor Manufacturing
Lasers and Lithography
Lasers are indispensable in semiconductor manufacturing, especially in advanced lithography. REEs like neodymium are used in Nd:YAG lasers, which are critical for UV light generation in lithography processes.
Laser Cleaning
As semiconductor components shrink, traditional cleaning methods become less effective. Lasers, particularly those using REEs, offer a solution by dislodging particles adhered to wafers through Van Der Waal forces.
Magnets and Plasma Material Processing
Permanent magnets, often made from REEs like neodymium, are used in plasma material processing systems. These systems are essential for thin film growth and patterning.
Coatings and Abrasives
REEs like yttrium oxide are used for coatings in plasma etch chambers, reducing maintenance costs. Cerium dioxide abrasives are used in the Chemical Mechanical Polishing (CMP) process to achieve extremely flat wafer surfaces.
The Impact on Adjacent Technologies
Optoelectronics and LEDs
REEs like cerium and yttrium are vital for the production of white LEDs. These LEDs are increasingly used in various applications, from displays to therapeutics.
Silicon Photonics
In the emerging field of silicon photonics, REEs like erbium are being studied for their potential to enable silicon to emit light, thus making monolithic silicon photonics chips a possibility.
Amr Elgarony
1
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
@Antyardie
And this
👇
* In the latest experiment, researchers pumped in 2.05 megajoules of laser energy and got about 3.15MJ out – a roughly 50% gain and a sign that fusion reactions in the pellet were driving further fusion reactions. “The energy production took less time than it takes light to travel one inch,” said Dr Marvin Adams, at the NNSA.
Immense hurdles remain, however, in the quest for fusion power plants. While the pellet released more energy than the lasers put in, the calculation does not include the 300 or so megajoules needed to power up the lasers in the first place. The NIF lasers fire about once a day, but a power plant would need to heat targets 10 times per second. Then there is the cost of the targets. The ones used in the US experiment cost tens of thousands of dollars, but for a viable power plant, they would need to cost pence. Another issue is how to get the energy out as heat.
Dr Kim Budil, the director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, said with enough investment, a “few decades of research could put us in a position to build a power plant”. A power plant based on alternative technology used at the Joint European Torus (JET) in Oxfordshire could be ready sooner, she added
THEGUARDIAN
1
-
1
-
The 2nd Automotive Winter Testing Festival held in Heihe, Heilongjiang Province
NEWS PROVIDED BY
Publicity Department of the CPC Heihe Municipal Committee
Jan 09, 2023, 02:33 ET
* Themed "passion, speed, and vitality", the Winter Testing Festival joined hands with the China Mass Production Car Performance Challenge (hereinafter referred to as CCPC), attracting more than 10 teams and nearly 30 brands, according to the Publicity Department of the CPC Heihe Municipal Committee
The festival will promote the test season through a variety of activities, integrating test, racing and sales for the deep integration and development of China'sautomotive industry.
1
-
1
-
@antonyjh1234 the last 2 years China has put us to shame
👇
JANUARY 30, 2023
3 MIN READ
China Invests $546 Billion in Clean Energy, Far Surpassing the U.S.
China accounted for nearly half of the world's low-carbon spending in 2022, which could challenge U.S. efforts to bolster domestic clean energy manufacturing
Nearly half of the world's low-carbon spending took place in China, according to a recent analysis from market research firm BloombergNEF. The country spent $546 billion in 2022 on investments that included solar and wind energy, electric vehicles and batteries.
Scientific American
👇
Analysis: Clean energy was top driver of China’s economic growth in 2023
Other key findings of the analysis include:
Clean-energy investment rose 40% year-on-year to 6.3tn yuan ($890bn), with the growth accounting for all of the investment growth across the Chinese economy in 2023.
China’s $890bn investment in clean-energy sectors is almost as large as total global investments in fossil fuel supply in 2023 – and similar to the GDP of Switzerland or Turkey.
Including the value of production, clean-energy sectors contributed 11.4tn yuan ($1.6tn) to the Chinese economy in 2023, up 30% year-on-year.
Clean-energy sectors, as a result, were the largest driver of China’ economic growth overall, accounting for 40% of the expansion of GDP in 2023.
Without the growth from clean-energy sectors, China’s GDP would have missed the government’s growth target of “around 5%”, rising by only 3.0%
CarbonBrief
1
-
1
-
1
-
@antonyjh1234 did you even read the articles I posted?
They are going toward a green,clean renewable future
Not because they are suddenly environmentalists
But because there is money to be made in it
the mistake we westerners make?
Is we expect the Chinese to think like us.
So whatever they are trying to do? If there is a setback, problem, issue etc etc etc
We expect the Chinese to give up what they are trying to do, because that is how we think
That’s what we do
Instead it’s everyone wins everyone gets a participation ribbon mindset….
No one fails
When I say it will take time?
That is failure for the average westerner and time to give up
Because it's about instant gratification these days or else nothing at all
👇
What is the Dunning-Kruger effect?
When we don't know enough to know what we don't know.
* So goes the reasoning behind the Dunning-Kruger effect, the inclination of unskilled or unknowledgeable people to overestimate their own competence.
LiveScience
👇
Why we overestimate our competence
Social psychologists are examining people's pattern of overlooking their own weaknesses.
Cross-cultural comparisons
Regardless of how pervasive the phenomenon is, it is clear from Dunning's and others' work that many Americans, at least sometimes and under some conditions, have a tendency to inflate their worth. It is interesting, therefore, to see the phenomenon's mirror opposite in another culture. In research comparing North American and East Asian self-assessments, Heine of the University of British Columbia finds that East Asians tend to underestimate their abilities, with an aim toward improving the self and getting along with others.
These differences are highlighted in a meta-analysis Heine is now completing of 70 studies that examine the degree of self-enhancement or self-criticism in China, Japan and Korea versus the United States and Canada. Sixty-nine of the 70 studies reveal significant differences between the two cultures in the degree to which individuals hold these tendencies, he finds.
In another article in the October 2001 Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (Vol. 81, No. 4), Heine's team looks more closely at how this occurs. First, Japanese and American participants performed a task at which they either succeeded or failed. Then they were timed as they worked on another version of the task. "The results made a symmetrical X," says Heine: Americans worked longer if they succeeded at the first task, while Japanese worked longer if they failed.
There are cultural, social and individual motives behind these tendencies, Heine and colleagues observe in a paper in the October 1999 Psychological Review (Vol. 106, No. 4). "As Western society becomes more individualistic, a successful life has come to be equated with having high self-esteem," Heine says. "Inflating one's sense of self creates positive emotions and feelings of self-efficacy, but the downside is that people don't really like self-enhancers very much."
Conversely,
East Asians' self-improving or self-critical stance helps them maintain their "face," or reputation, and as a result, their interpersonal network.
But the cost is they don't feel as good about themselves, he says. Because people in these cultures have different motivations, they make very different choices, Heine adds.
If Americans perceive they're not doing well at something, they'll look for something else to do instead. "If you're bad at volleyball, well fine, you won't play volleyball," as Heine puts it.
East Asians, though, view a poor performance as an invitation to try harder.
Interestingly, children in many cultures tend to overrate their abilities, perhaps because they lack objective feedback about their performance. For example, until about third grade, German youngsters generally overrate their academic achievement and class standing. This tendency declines as feedback in the form of letter grades begins. But researchers also have shown significant cross-cultural differences in youngsters' performance estimates--American children, it appears, are particularly prone to overestimate their competence.
APA
1
-
1
-
1
-
@antonyjh1234
How China Became the World’s Leader on Renewable Energy
China has achieved stunning growth in its installed renewable capacity over the last two decades, far outpacing the rest of the world. But to end its continued dependence on fossil fuels, it must now move ahead with planned reforms to its national electricity system.
BY ISABEL HILTON
MARCH 13, 2024
In 2020, for example, China pledged to reach 1,200 gigawatts of renewables capacity by 2030, more than double its capacity at that time. At its present pace, it will meet that target by 2025, and could boast as much as 1,000 gigawatts of solar power alone by the end of 2026, an achievement that would make a substantial contribution to the 11,000 gigawatts of installed renewable capacity that the world needs to meet the 2030 targets of the Paris Agreement. Fossil fuels now make up less than half of China’s total installed generation capacity, a dramatic reduction from a decade ago when fossil fuels accounted for two-thirds of its power capacity
When the International Energy Authority issued its assessment of the pledge to triple renewables globally by 2030, it pointed out that the 50 percent increase in global renewable installations in 2023 was largely driven by China. In 2022, China installed roughly as much solar photovoltaic capacity as the rest of the world combined, then went on in 2023 to double new solar installations, increase new wind capacity by 66 percent, and almost quadruple additions of energy storage.
Yale EDU
1
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
China’s Gold Reserves Unveiled: Investigating Claims of Secret Hoarding and the Alleged Discrepancy
JANUARY 9, 2024
Based on these calculations, Frisby estimates that China has at around 33,000 tons of gold, with at least half being state-owned. That state-owned portion (16,500 tons) is double what the U.S. holds.
If China admits to the U.S., “We got twice as much gold as you,’ that’s tantamount to a declaration of war,” according to Frisby. The yuan would become more valuable, gold would become more valuable, and China would become the leader of both of these assets.
OxfordGoldGroup
1
-
China almost certainly owns more gold than the US – here’s why that matters
China almost certainly owns a lot more gold than anyone else – including the USA. But how much? And why does it need so much gold? Dominic Frisby explains.
BY DOMINIC FRISBY
LAST UPDATED 3 MARCH 2022
* There are two parts to this argument. First, China’s gold mining. In 2007, China overtook South Africa as the world’s largest gold producer. It has remained so ever since. This past decade it has produced about 15% of all the gold mined in the world.
* Second, there is the fact that, as well as being the biggest producer, China is the world’s biggest importer. Gold imports via Switzerland and Dubai are not always declared, but we do know that via Hong Kong alone, over 6,700 tonnes have entered the country since 2000.
Add that to cumulative gold production since 2000, and you get a figure over 13,500 tonnes.
MoneyWeek
1
-
China has an 820 billion dollar trade surplus with the world every year
Holding that much debt is the right amount in my opinion
The US FED crashed their credit markets selling about 600 to 700 billion in debt off its balance sheet over a 2 year period
Plus China has been doing this for over a decade we are just catching on right now
👇
China’s Gold Reserves Unveiled: Investigating Claims of Secret Hoarding and the Alleged Discrepancy
JANUARY 9, 2024
Based on these calculations, Frisby estimates that China has at around 33,000 tons of gold, with at least half being state-owned. That state-owned portion (16,500 tons) is double what the U.S. holds.
If China admits to the U.S., “We got twice as much gold as you,’ that’s tantamount to a declaration of war,” according to Frisby. The yuan would become more valuable, gold would become more valuable, and China would become the leader of both of these assets.
OxfordGoldGroup
1
-
1
-
@davidgmaloof
Seriously, stop posting you are an embarrassing
👇
Chinese UAVs ‘Outperform’ US Drones In Ukraine War; WSJ Report Calls US-Made UAVs Fragile & Ineffective
April 10, 2024
According to WSJ, most small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) developed by American firms have struggled to perform in combat scenarios.
This development blows the hopes of these companies, who anticipated that combat testing would bolster sales and attention for their products.
Moreover, it poses challenges for the Pentagon, which requires a reliable supply of thousands of small drones for various purposes. Sources cited in the report, including drone company executives, Ukrainian frontline personnel, government officials, and former US military officials, outline several key issues plaguing US-made drones.
These include exorbitant costs, technical faults, and complex repair processes. In particular, Ukrainian officials have found US-made drones to be fragile and ineffective against Russian jamming and GPS blackout technology.
Instances have been reported where these drones failed to take off, complete missions, or return safely. Moreover, they often fall short of advertised flight distances and payload capacities.
Eurasiatimesnews
1
-
@davidgmaloof
When Chinese retail l/toy store drones outperform US military grade drones…
You have nothing to be proud of
How much do you get paid per hour to blow sunshine up a clients azzzzzzzz
I want a job like that where I have no shame
👇
American drones are glitching and getting lost in Ukraine, giving way to a flood of Chinese drones
Chris Panella Apr 10, 2024, 3:44 PM ET
American-made drones haven't excelled on the battlefield, prompting Ukraine to turn to buying Chinese-made drones.
* The problems with many US-made drones, particularly some of the smaller ones, are that they often don't function as advertised or planned and easily glitch when targeted by Russian jamming, sources told The Wall Street Journal.
They are fragile and vulnerable to electronic warfare. For some of the systems that were sent to Ukraine, issues included not taking off, getting lost and not returning home, or simply failing to meet mission expectations.
* US drones are also typically far more expensive than comparable models. And at the rate Ukraine is burning through them, it wouldn't be feasible. Instead, Ukraine is turning to systems made by Chinese companies for cheaper and often more reliable alternatives.
Chinese DJI drones have long played a role in the war, with Ukraine buying many of the retail models. Ukrainian forces sometimes strap bombs directly on them for a makeshift one-way attack drone or use them to drop grenades.
BI
1
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
@randomaccount598
A few things we learned since the 2008 subprime crisis
Buying for US external Sovereign debt is not unlimited.
In 2011 the US FED had to buy 71% of the newly issued debt by the US Treasury
That QE debt that was soaped up/printing of money, that debt does not disappear
Since we know from Q3 of 2017 to Q3 of 2019 the FEDs bright idea was to allow up to 50 to 60 billion of the Agency Debt and US Treasury Debt it soaped up during QE
to slowly mature each month, off the FEDs balance sheet. Where the US Treasury would issue new corresponding debt for the public to buy.
It ended during Q3 of 2019 Because that selling of debt helped in freezing up the repo market
Just like when it happened in 2008/2009 during the subprime crisis
Thus the FED balance sheet went from 4.5 trillion to about 3.8 trillion… with that selling from 2017 to 2019
But then the FED had to come back in do a QE 2.0 and buy back that Treasury debt it dumped and more
Last I checked they ran that FED balance sheeet to 8.9 trillion. But are closer to 8 trillion now
👇
No Surprise, Fed Was Biggest Buyer of Treasuries in 2013 THE Federal Reserve financed most of the government’s deficit in 2013, in sharp contrast to the year before, when the Fed did not add to its holdings of Treasury securities. The American private sector appears to have been a net seller of Treasuries in 2013, but the foreign private sector was a substantial buyer, according to government estimates released this week. In 2013, the government issued a net $759 billion in Treasury securities to the public. That was the lowest figure in six years, as the budget deficit declined because of a healthier economy, which increased tax receipts, and to government austerity that cut spending. The Fed bought a net $543 billion of Treasuries during 2013. That was not a record amount — in 2011 it had purchased $656 billion — but it enabled the Fed to finance 71 percent of the net Treasury borrowing during the year.
NYT
1
-
1
-
1
-
More like well over 2 trillion closer to the 3 trillion others have posted about in this thread
👇
How Much Money Does the World Owe China?
Our research, based on a comprehensive new data set, shows that China has extended many more loans to developing countries than previously known. This systematic underreporting of Chinese loans has created a “hidden debt” problem – meaning that debtor countries and international institutions alike have an incomplete picture on how much countries around the world owe to China and under which conditions.
In total, the Chinese state and its subsidiaries have lent about $1.5 trillion in direct loans and trade credits to more than 150 countries around the globe. This has turned China into the world’s largest official creditor — surpassing traditional, official lenders such as the World Bank, the IMF, or all OECD creditor governments combined.
Despite the large size of China’s overseas lending boom, no official data exists on the resulting debt flows and stocks. China does not report on its international lending, and Chinese loans literally fall through the cracks of traditional data-gathering institutions. For example, credit rating agencies, such as Moody’s or Standard & Poor’s, or data providers, such as Bloomberg, focus on private creditors, but China’s lending is state sponsored, and therefore off their radar screen. Debtor countries themselves often do not collect data on debt owed by state-owned companies, which are the main recipients of Chinese loans. In addition, China is not a member of the Paris Club (an informal group of creditor nations) or the OECD, both of which collect data on lending by official creditors.
HarvardBusinessReview
1
-
1
-
Great find with all your stats… allow me to fact check and use some of these stats in the future…
Also it’s not just container ports within China it’s the container ports around the world as well
👇
How China rules the waves
FT investigation: Beijing has spent billions expanding its ports network to secure sea lanes and establish itself as a maritime power
JANUARY 12 2017
In terms of container ports, China already rules the waves. Nearly two-thirds of the world’s top 50 had some degree of Chinese investment by 2015, up from about one-fifth in 2010, according to FT research.
FT
👇
How China Uses Shipping for Surveillance and Control
Beijing’s global maritime operations double as intelligence-gathering outposts.
Of the world’s 75 leading container ports outside the Chinese mainland, almost halfhave at least partial Chinese ownership or operations (with operations more significant, since they allow China to control access to terminals, supplies, dry docks, and storage). More than half of China’s overseas maritime assets sit on major shipping lanes passing through the Indian Ocean (the Port of Hambantota, Sri Lanka), the Red Sea (the Port of Djibouti), the Suez Canal (the Port of Sokhna, Egypt, and the Suez Canal Economic Zone), the Mediterranean Sea (the Port of Haifa, Israel, and Piraeus, Greece), and other waters.
FP
1
-
1
-
1
-
1
-
Not uincluding the USA China has close to a 600 billion dollar trade surplus with the rest of the world
What most people don’t get?
Is it is most US multinationals making the lion share of those profits inflating the trade deficit between China to the USA
Where Chinese companies mostly trade with their Belt and Road country partners these days
These US multinationals are the ones sending you that junk
These US multinationals are still using the same highly polluting labour intensive factories formula.
As they were using more and more illegal labour smuggled in from South East Asia.
Or more and more automation in their wholly owned factories in China these days
XD These are the same companies who got those trump Corporate tax cuts you for sure cheered about
Same companies based in China who derived 392 billion in sales into the Chinese domestic markets in 2018 when trump started his trade war
Same companies averaging 20 to 40% of their earnings from China whose high flying stocks are in your 401k/Pensions
Same companies who the American farmer and consumer were sacrificed. So the USA could try and get “more” or “better” access for the US multinationals, into those Chinese Domestic markets during the trade war
Same companies whose HQ is in a North American city you can easily go stand outside and protest at….
Why didn’t China pull the nuclear trade option and boot these US companies you might ask?
They don’t believe in a zero sum game type of thinking
As I can show you during the trade war.
China didn’t pull out their big trade weapons, in fact they were lowering tariffs to most countries not raising them
👇
Trump’s ‘trade war’ with China won’t be so easy to win
Having learned these value chain lessons, Beijing has worked hard to bring more of the high-value-adding parts of value chains into China, and to build hi-tech industries in which it can establish a globally competitive position.
China has successfully done this in areas like high-speed trains (CRRC), digital telecoms networks (Huawei), drones (DJI) and hi-tech batteries (BYD).
Trump’s team is not wrong to be worried about China’s competitive emergence here, and to target these new-tech sectors in the latest trade war sortie.
But here’s the problem: China exports almost none of these new-tech products to the US, making US tariff threats meaningless. Rather, they go to developing economy markets – many embraced by the Belt and Road initiative – where China has succeeded in building a hi-tech, high-value brand reputation.
As Trump’s team will quickly learn, the challenge of finding China’s pain points is bigger than expected: for a decade China’s priority has been to base growth on the domestic consumer economy and reduce reliance on the low-value-adding export processing industries (many of which are US- or Hong Kong-owned and concentrated in the Pearl River Delta)
SCMP
1
-
1
-
1