Comments by "eggynack" (@eggynack) on "TED-Ed"
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So, if I'm getting you right here, then you're asking what's the minimum area you could enclose with an infinite quantity of fence, assuming you can't just use a single straight line. You need some caveats to even work with this in the first place. The biggest, naturally, that such a fence can't exactly be said to enclose anything, because one of the sides will be at infinity and thus not exist. That being said, we can define the area of this object as the space where you can draw a line from one piece of fence to another and go through that space, and assume for the sake of argument that the shape is convex.
The straightforward answer here is infinite area. You can make the area as narrow as you want, but an instantiation of this situation will inevitably have all of that area. A more complex question is what the lower bound on the set of possible areas is. After all, you can keep reducing the area of the fence, regardless of its size. I'm inclined to say that the lower bound is infinity, because all elements of the set are greater than any finite quantity, rather than zero, because you can keep reducing the size. Notably, if you have a given finite quantity of fence, all possible areas would be positive, and the lower bound would be zero.
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A hotel with infinite rooms and infinite guests doesn't have to be full. For example, we could put a guest in every even room, leaving every odd room free. In any case, the hotel does start out full. It is by moving every guest up a room that a free room is produced.
As for countable infinity, you are misunderstanding what that means. A countably infinite set is one where we can put the elements of that set in some order such that, counting by that order, we can reach any given element of the set in finite time. The natural numbers are the canonical countable infinity, and both the hotel and guests begin labelled by the natural numbers.
Meanwhile, just because there are infinite guests in the hotel doesn't mean there can't be infinite guests outside the hotel. Say, for the sake of argument, that the guests in the hotel are associated with the natural numbers, and the guests outside the hotel are associated with negative numbers. Or, returning to my first point, maybe the guests in the hotel are even numbers and the guests outside are odd. It is, in fact, possible to have infinitely many countably infinite sets that are wholly disjoint from themselves and each other.
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Still a resolvable problem. Let's assume that the guests can reach any given room in any desired finite length of time, and that they do indeed need to enter one at a time (which, honestly, not sure why that'd be the case. The lining up thing was just to assign rooms, not a method of entrance). The first person reaches their room in a second, the second person reaches theirs in half a second, the third person in a quarter second, the fourth person in an eighth second, and, generally speaking, the people reach their room in 1/2(n-1) seconds, where n is their place in line. After two seconds, every person will be inside their room.
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There's no division involved. Put all the people in a line, and label each person with a number based on their position in the line. Send person one to room one, send person two to room two, send person three to room three, and so on. In this fashion, for each room there will exist one person occupying that room.
The impossibility of division here doesn't imply that it's impossible to assign people to rooms such that this specific thing can happen. What it implies, if it implies anything, is that you can assign people to rooms such that anything you want can happen. There are assignments that put infinite people in each room, assignments that give infinite rooms to each person, assignments that leave infinite rooms empty, and assignments that leave any finite quantity of rooms you desire empty.
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If each of the infinite buses has a countable infinity of people, then both my method and the video's method will successfully house any arbitrary person in any arbitrary bus after finite time without any room ending up with more than one guest. My method will also not have any room with less than one guest.
I don't know where all this stats stuff could possibly fit in. There's no randomness involved in this process. Every person, even when infinite people are present, is assigned to a very specific room. Name any room and I can tell you exactly which guest my method will assign that guest to, and, name any passenger, and I can tell you where my method assigns that passenger. The video only accounts for some of the rooms, so for that mapping I can tell you whether a room has a guest, and, if it does, where that guest came from.
Room 128, in both mappings, contains exactly one guest. In the video's mapping, it has the guest that was originally in room 7. In mine, assuming you assign the guest in room one to room one, it has the guest that was originally in room 65.
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