Comments by "Theodore Shulman" (@ColonelFredPuntridge) on "Dr. John Campbell" channel.

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  29. The argument that we should test the Paxlovid on patients who have been immunized (either by vaccination or by infection and natural immune-response), is good. By all means, test it on them! BUT it's reasonable to assume, until large tests are complete, that Paxlovid will benefit immunized patients in the same way it benefits those who have not been immunized. I'll explain why: Paxlovid is a combination of two medications. One of the two is Ritonovir, which doesn't do much by itself, but is useful for prolonging the lifetime of other protease-inhibitors. You can think of Ritonovir as like the linemen on a football team whose purpose is blocking the other team, to protect the guy who has the ball from being tackled by them. The other drug in Paxlovid is Nirmatrelvir, which is like the guy who has the ball. It inhibits the virus' protease enzymes which are essential to make the proteins it needs in order to control the host cell. Without those protease enzymes, the virus can't do its bad viral thing to you. The point here is, both these effects - the Nirmatrelvir inhibiting the virus' essential protease enzymes, plus the Ritonovir preventing the host from removing the Nirmatrelvir - both these effects are completely separate from antibodies and what antibodies do. In fact, as far as anyone knows, they are separate from the entire immune system. They inhibit the viral protease enzymes in the presence of antibodies, and they inhibit the viral protease enzymes in the absence of antibodies. Given what we know about how well they work for patients who have not been immunized, and given that their mechanisms of action have nothing to do with immunity or antibodies, it's reasonable to predict that they will also work well to protect patients who HAVE been immunized. This is not proof - of course, only big tests on previously-immunized patients would prove the benefit in those patients. But it IS a good reason to provide the Paxlovid unless and until large studies or surveys prove that it DOESN'T help those patients. The fact that Paxlovid has such great results on patients who have not been immunized, plus the fact that the mechanism of action is independent of antibodies, shifts the burden of proof to the skeptics, at least largely.
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  36. First of all, no, it's still an hypothesis, not "a bit more". Secondly, Dr. Campbell is speaking as if it went without saying that the only possible reason to redact information about the virus were something embarrassing in it. But there might well be something dangerous in it. Everyone is quite sure that this virus SARS-CoV-2 was not purposely engineered or released as a bio-weapon, but the next one, or the one after that, could well be. It's getting easier and easier to engineer new variants (if anyone wanted to do that) and there could be some information which the Brits don't want to release, for very good reason. The fact that the virus stores its genetic information in the form of viral RNA rather than DNA, and the unusually large size of the RNA (30 kilobases), were obstacles for a while, but we seem to have overcome them (see the work of Volker Thiel in Switzerland) and it is getting uncomfortably easy to mess with the viral genome. We can make, for instance, variants of the virus which cause infected cells to glow in the dark (by cloning in a gene for a jellyfish protein which glows, called Green Fluorescent Protein, "GFP"). That means we can likely also make variants which would do other, less harmless things. If we release all the information, quite soon some apocalypse-minded guy with a bit of knowledge and too much of money (think Osama bin Laden if he had taken a PhD in virology and worked in biotech for a few years) could produce something very nasty indeed (imagine a variant virus which made 20% of patients go permanently blind). So don't be so quick that every redaction is for the sake of avoiding embarrassment! It could be something to protect you. Go review Isaac Asimov's short story "The Dead Past". Money quote: "Nobody knew anything," said Araman bitterly, "but you all just took it for granted that the government was stupidly bureaucratic, vicious, tyrannical, given to suppressing research for the hell of it. It never occurred to any of you that we were trying to protect mankind as best we could."
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