Comments by "Franceyne Ireland" (@franceyneireland1633) on "Jake Broe"
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They did the same for the Exxon Valdez oil spill which occurred in Alaska's Prince William Sound on March 24, 1989 the spill was 11 million gallons of crude oil. As many as 2,800 sea otters, 300 harbor seals, 900 bald eagles and 250,000 seabirds died in the days following the disaster. An estimated 22 killer whales died of a pod of 36, more than 25 years since the spill, the following species remain in a “Not Recovering” or “Unknown” status. By 2009, Exxon had paid the entire $507.5 million in punitive damages, including lawsuit costs, plus interest. There is still oil in Prince William Sound. I highly doubt those Russian oil tankers were insured.
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The 1939 Treaty of Non-Agression between Germany and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, “The Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact “( also known as Hitler Stalin Pact & Nazi Soviet Alliance). Which provided a written guarantee of peace by each party towards the other and a commitment that declared that neither government would ally itself to or aid an enemy of the other.
The 1939 Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact that included a second supplementary protocol, a secret protocol, to divide Europe into German and Soviet spheres of influence although there was rumours and suspicion, the full knowledge of these agreements were not discovered during the Nuremberg trials.
Germany invaded Poland Sept 1 1939. from the West and Stalin invaded Poland on Sept 17, 1939,from the East. During the invasion of Poland, the Germans had taken control of the Lublin Voivodeship and eastern Warsaw Voivodeship and according to the Pact was to be in the Soviet sphere, Germany compensated the Soviets by transfering Lithuania to the Soviets except for a small area referred to as the “Lithuania Strip” on the left bank of the Sesupe River. The new border between German-Soviet influence was confirmed by the “German-Soviet Frontier Treaty”, signed Sept 28 1939 which defined the borders of the Soviets in Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and Finland. The secret protocol also allowed for exchanged of Soviet and German nationals within their occupied zones of Poland.
On Oct 5 1939 Soviets signed a Mutual Assistance Treaty with Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, where the parties respect each other's sovereignty and independence but allowed the Soviets to establish military bases on their territories, once the bases were established the bases facilitated a full scale Soviet invasion and occupation of the Baltic countries by June 1940.
On Feb 11 1940 there was the German-Soviet Commercial Agreement, the Soviet Union would send Germany 650 million Reichsmarks in raw materials in exchange for 650 million Reichsmark in machinery, manufactured goods and technology.
On March 1940 Karelia and Salla regions in Finland were annexed by Stalin, followed by the annexation parts of Romania and Bukovina in 1940.
On Jan 10 1941 Germany renounced it's claims to the portion of Lithuania in return for a Soviet payment of a sum agreed upon by the two countries.
On June 22 1941, Hitler ordered Operation Barbarossa (the expansion of Germany into Eastern Europe) the pact was then broken.
The 1939 Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact included a second secret supplementary protocol “German-Soviet Frontier Treaty”, dividing Europe into German and Soviet spheres of influence. There was rumours and suspicion, the full knowledge of these agreements were discovered during the Nuremberg trials.
Reich Foreign Office ordered them destroyed, Karl von Loesch, Schmidt's assistant, placed the films into boxes and buried them. but provided them during the Nuremberg trials, which were eventually published in 1947. Although the Soviets denied this for decades until under Mikhail Gorbachev ordered an investigation, where he then acknowledged and denounced it in 1989.
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Igor Gouzenko a cipher clerk for the Soviet embassy to Canada in Ottawa, Ontario, and a lieutenant of the Soviet Main Intelligence Directorate. He defected on September 5, 1945, three days after the end of World War II, with 109 documents on the USSR's espionage activities in the West. Igor Gouzenko, his wife and child had been living in Canada for year living in an apartment away from the other embassy workers and loved the freedom that was in Canada, it bothered him what the Soviets were attempting to do to their allies. Some of the information he provided was the names of Soviet spies and citizens who were providing information to the Soviets in Canada, US and UK. Igor, his wife and child were relocated to Camp X in Canada as there was troops stationed there, given new identities. This was the start of the Cold War, when the West acknowledged the Soviets were not their ally.
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Canada has the world's third-largest Ukrainian population behind Ukraine itself and Russia, they have contributed greatly into the building of what is Canada today. There was likely sporadic immigration of Ukrainians to Canada as early as 1812. First wave of Ukrainians to immigrate to Canada was in 1891-1892. Starting in 1896, a federal program sought to settle the Prairies with Eastern European farmers (1897–1914) this was Labor Immigration and the Beginning of the Formation of the Ukrainian communities. Some 10,000 Ukrainian Canadians who did not come from Austro-Hungarian provinces enlisted in the Canadian Armed Forces during the WW1.
Second wave was 1923-1939 , with about 70,000 Ukrainians immigrating but the numbers decreased severely during the depression, the 1931 census reported that the number of Ukrainians in Canada 2.2 per cent of Canada’s population, with more than 85% living in the three Prairie provinces of that 77.9% were in rural areas. More than 40,000 Ukrainian Canadians enlisted to fight overseas during WW2 to prove their patriotism.
The third wave 1945-1980s. From 1945 to 1952, most Ukrainians coming to Canada were political refugees and Displaced Persons. In the aftermath of the Second World War, many Ukrainians who had been displaced by the war began to immigrate to Canada. These immigrants were often refugees who had been forced to flee their homes and were looking for a safe haven. In the 1950s and 1960s, many Ukrainians who had been living in displaced persons camps in Europe were given the opportunity to immigrate to Canada. These immigrants were often highly skilled and educated, and they contributed to the growth and development of Canada's economy.
Another wave of Ukrainian immigration occurred in the 1970s and 1980s, driven by political and economic factors. Many Ukrainians were dissatisfied with the Soviet regime and its policies, and were looking for greater freedoms and opportunities. Additionally, economic factors such as a shortage of jobs and a declining standard of living also played a role in driving migration. During this period, many Ukrainian immigrants settled in urban areas, such as Toronto and Montreal, and found work in manufacturing and other industries. Despite facing some challenges with discrimination and prejudice, Ukrainian immigrants were able to establish strong communities in Canada and preserve their culture and heritage. The result was large Ukrainian communities in Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver. They established a number of new organizations and affiliated newspapers, women's and youth groups, the most prominent of which was the Canadian League for the Liberation of Ukraine (renamed the League of Ukrainian Canadians after the collapse of the USSR in 1991).
Fourth wave from 1991 to present.The Canadian government also made it easier for Ukrainians to immigrate, offering various programs and initiatives designed to attract skilled workers and entrepreneurs. One of the most popular programs for Ukrainian immigrants was the Federal Skilled Worker Program, which allowed skilled workers to immigrate to Canada based on their education, work experience, language proficiency, and other factors. Many Ukrainians also immigrated to Canada through family sponsorship, as they had family members already living in Canada. In addition to economic opportunities, Ukrainians were also attracted to Canada's multicultural society and the freedom and rights afforded to its citizens. Many Ukrainian immigrants have made significant contributions to Canadian society in various fields, including business, academia, politics, and the arts.
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Canada sent two shipments one in October and in November , I've copied and pasted the information regarding winter protection only and omitted military weapons and equipment. October 12: Canada will provide over $47 million in new military aid that will assist the Armed Forces of Ukraine as they fight for Ukraine’s sovereignty and security.
This new military aid package includes: 400,000 pieces of winter clothing for a total of $15 million. This critical winter equipment includes jackets, pants, boots, gloves, and parkas sourced from Canadian companies through the Canadian Commercial Corporation. An additional 100,000 pieces will come from CAF inventory. November 16: up to $10 million to provide additional winter gear to support the AFU, including portable heaters, thermal blankets and sleeping bags sourced from Canadian companies through the Canadian commercial Corporation. Canada has previously sent defensive military aid, which could include: night vision gear, helmets, and body armour, Individual meal packs, medical supplies and human and humanitarian aid.
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By the end of WW2 Canada has the world's fourth largest air force and third largest navy from a population of 11 million. Manufactured ships, fighter planes, bombers, tanks and weapons shipped to the UK with the exception to the Soviet Union when the allies began sending supplies and armaments to the Soviets after Germany invaded.
Sadly Canada cut military expenditures and manufacturing when Prime Minister Diefenbaker agreed to stop making major armaments due to pressure from the US, as the US wanted to have the bulk of military spending and responsibility of all of the military manufacturing. Diefenbaker cut Canada's military from 5% of GDP to about 2% of GDP over six years 1957-1964. Many believe the pressure from the US contributed to the cancellation in 1959 of the Avro Arrow fighter jet, before it could enter military duty. In 1958 it was the world's first computerized flight control and weapons systems made it the worlds first fly-by-wire aircraft. It was the fastest jet of it's class twice the speed of sound at an altitude of 53,000 feet and on the Arrow's first flight it broke four different speed records. An estimated 25,000 employees lost their jobs some 14,000 highly skilled employees who left to work on the Concorde in the UK and in the US space program, Lockheed and Boeing. I agree Canada needs to restart military manufacturing, as it does have a lot of natural resources to do so, but I'm concerned there is an election coming up in Canada, there will be pressure on the current government to spend funds in Canada.
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