Comments by "Historia, Magistra Vitae" (@Historia.Magistra.Vitae.) on "PragerU"
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@darkhat11 "and Mussolini believed in a laissez-faire form of economics where the government didn't interfere in the economy :"
Wrong. They didn't believe in any kind of laissez-faire form of economics nor economic liberalism, which they clearly state in their 'Doctrine of Fascism'. This is specifically why they came up with the idea of their National Syndicalism i.e. Corporatism, where the idea was to let the state control and direct the economy from the top-down without itself owning the means of production.
"Fascism is definitely and absolutely opposed to the doctrines of liberalism, both in the political and the economic sphere."
"If liberalism spells individualism, Fascism spells government. The Fascist State is, however, a unique and original creation. It is not reactionary but revolutionary, for it anticipates the solution of certain universal problems which have been raised elsewhere, in the political field by the splitting up of parties, the usurpation of power by parliaments, the irresponsibility of assemblies; in the economic field by the increasingly numerous and important functions discharged by trade unions and trade associations with their disputes and ententes, affecting both capital and labor; in the ethical field by the need felt for order, discipline, obedience to the moral dictates of patriotism."
"Fascism desires the State to be strong and organic, based on broad foundations of popular support. The Fascist State lays claim to rule in the economic field no less than in others; it makes its action felt throughout the length and breadth of the country by means of its corporative, social, and educational institutions, and all the political, economic, and spiritual forces of the nation, organized in their respective associations, circulate within the State."
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@blaizerhodes "I've seen it around the internet as a quote attributed to Gentile, but no one provides a source."
I doubt Gentile said it verbatim. However what Gentile did say in his works, for example;
“The Fascist, on the other hand, conceives philosophy as a philosophy of practice (”praxis”). That concept was the product of certain Marxist and Sorellian inspirations (many Fascists and the Duce, himself, received their first intellectual education in the school of Marx and Sorel)—as well as the influence of contemporary Italian idealistic doctrines from which Fascist mentality drew substance and achieved maturity."
"It is necessary to distinguish between socialism and socialism—in fact, between idea and idea of the same socialist conception, in order to distinguish among them those that are inimical to Fascism. It is well known that Sorellian syndicalism, out of which the thought and the political method of Fascism emerged—conceived itself the genuine interpretation of Marxist communism. The dynamic conception of history, in which force as violence functions as an essential, is of unquestioned Marxist origin. Those notions flowed into other currents of contemporary thought, that have themselves, via alternative routes, arrived at a vindication of the form of State—implacable, but absolutely rational—that finds historic necessity in the very spiritual dynamism through which it realizes itself."
Che cosa è il fascismo: Discorsi e polemiche (“What is Fascism?”), Florence: Vallecchi, (1925)
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Wrong. Fascism had nothing to do with right wing of any kind whatsoever. On the contrary, it was a totalitarian far-left, socialist 3rd position ideology based on National Syndicalism which they adapted from Georges Sorel. It rejected individualism, capitalism, liberalism/democracy, and marxism. The means of production was organized by national worker syndicals (i.e. trade unions), and the guiding philosophy of the state was Actual Idealism.
Fascism was an outgrowth of Sorellian Syndicalism, which itself was an outgrowth from Marxist socialism. The idea was that society would be consolidated (i.e., incorporated) into syndicates (in the Italian context, fascio/fasci) which would be regulated by and serve as organs for the state, or "embody" the state (corpus = body). The purpose was the centralization and synchronization of society under the state, as an end unto itself. To quote Mussolini's infamous aphorism: "All within the state, nothing outside the state, nothing against the state."
As created by Mussolini and Giovanni Gentile, Fascism comes from a belief that the "Stateless and Classless society" Communism calls for after its dictatorship cannot achieve Socialism, and that only the State can properly organize a Socialist Society. It cared about unity in a strong central government with society being brought together by syndicalist organizations obedient to the State.
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@Murray Wilson: You have no clue what you are talking about. Giovanni Gentile certainly was a so ciali st, in fact, for awhile he was a professor teaching Ma rxis m. While critiquing Mar xism, he came across Sore lian synd icalism and started formulating Fas cis m, which Mussolini then put to practice. Fas cism was a fa r le ft tota litari an form of soc ialis m. Fasc ism opposed libe ral cap itali sm, but also international so ciali sm, hence the concept of a “third way,” their centralized economic policies obeyed collectivist and so cial ist principles, openly opposing cap itali sm and the free market, favoring nationalism and autarchy. Fas ci sm never opposed soc ialis m, it opposed ma rxis m.
Fa scis m is properly defined as the following: political and economic system that rejects ca pital ism, libe ralis m/de mocr acy, and co mm unis m, in which the means of production is organized by national wor ker synd icals (i.e. tra de unio ns), and the guiding philosophy of the state is Actual Idealism.
"The Fa sc ist, on the other hand, conceives philosophy as a philosophy of practice (”praxis”). That concept was the product of certain Mar xist and Sore llian inspirations (many Fas cis ts and the Duce, himself, received their first intellectual education in the school of Ma rx and Sorel)—as well as the influence of contemporary Italian idealistic doctrines from which Fa sci st mentality drew substance and achieved maturity.“
"It is necessary to distinguish between soc iali sm and so cialis m—in fact, between idea and idea of the same soc ial ist conception, in order to distinguish among them those that are inimical to Fa scis m. It is well known that Sorel lian syndic alism, out of which the thought and the political method of Fas ci sm emerged—conceived itself the genuine interpretation of Ma rxist co mmu nis m. The dynamic conception of history, in which force as violence functions as an essential, is of unquestioned Mar xist origin. Those notions flowed into other currents of contemporary thought, that have themselves, via alternative routes, arrived at a vindication of the form of State—implacable, but absolutely rational—that finds historic necessity in the very spiritual dynamism through which it realizes itself.“
—Giovanni Gentile
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