Hearted Youtube comments on Dan Davis History (@DanDavisHistory) channel.

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  33. Amazing documentary, Dan, as always. As a Spaniard, I never learned a single word about Drake as a kid in school; just, from the movies, that he was a pirate and a buccaneer. I was surprised by all the parallels between his circumnavigation of the world and that of the Magellan-Elcano (el Cano) expedition 60 years earlier. Both Drake and Magellan faced challenges to their command from high-born people in their armadas due in part to a lack of clarity as to the chain of command, both confronted this obstacle in the exact same spot, the Bay of San Julián, and both ended up eliminating the challengers to their authority (Magellan had two men executed, marooned other two). After the Pacific crossing, both reached the exact same islands, both had the exact same experience with the natives and both gave the island the exact same name! (Magellan called it Isla de los Ladrones: Island of Thieves). I wonder if Drake had available any chronicle of the Magellan journey (if I am not mistaken, Pigafetta’s account made the rounds in Europe) and he may have just confirmed the name he may have known Magellan gave the island. I also wonder if Drake encountered the same troubles with scurvy during the Pacific crossing as Magellan. No one knew about the effects of carrying citrus fruits on board at either time, right? Then, both expeditions stopped at Ternate and acquired great amounts of Clove... I was also surprised of how fast Drake travelled the Indian Ocean and made it back to Europe compared to el Cano (who took 5 months, although he lost the mizzenmast in a storm in Cape of Hope and also went out into the Atlantic to shake off Potuguesse pursuers from Cabo Verde). Both el Cano’s and Drake’s ships spent 3 years at sea, being both brand new when they started, so they must have been equally deteriorated by shipworm. I wonder how much ships and the art of navigation may have advanced in the intervening 60 years... neither one had steering wheel yet, which was introduced in the 1700’s... The whip-staff (or gooseneck? for the rudder?) appears around 1513 in Spain, so Magellan might have already had it in 1518, but I read descriptions in which they seem to have been steering with just the rudder arm (tiller?), as they did at the time of Columbus; by Drake’s time they must have all been fitted with the whip-staff... Although in many modern retellings of Magellan’s trip it is presumed that they used the common log to calculate speed, I believe in 1518 the device didn’t exist yet... but it probably did by the time of Drake... They both had quadrants but not Sextants or Octants (I ignore if the English also used astrolabes like the Castilians)... Regarding the Invincible Armada, I understand that the Castilians meant to bring their infantry on board in Flanders, but weren’t able because the English engaged them in the English Channel (as you describe) and the Dutch blocked access to the Flemish ports (considering the ultimate outcome, if the Castilian tercios had all been on board, they would have drowned and that would have really been a crippling blow to Spain’s grip on Europe). From what I read, after several gunnery exchanges both armadas ran out of ordnance, but while the English were able to re-ammunition in their own coasts, the Castilians were cut off from Spain by the English fleet and from their Flemish safe harbor by the Dutch and became sitting ducks. If the English had previously been hard pressed to penetrate the Castilian hulls, they were now able to fire at a much closer range; then, as you describe, when the Castilians attempted to flee around Scotland and Ireland to save their ships, their armada was shipwrecked by storms. In Spain, of course, we emphasize how few ships were lost to enemy fire and how many to the storms :)
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