Comments by "" (@lyndoncmp5751) on "TIKhistory"
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@rufusmcgee4383
That was in September. In October Patton was well supplied and by the time of his early November attempt to get to the Saar and through the Siegfried Line he enjoyed a 3:1 superiority in men and 8:1 in tanks. He had 9 well equipped and well supplied divisions. 3 were armoured divisions.
As von Mellenthin wrote in
Panzer Battles, page 317:
"" On 2 November Third Army was authorized to attack to the Saar as soon as the weather cleared.
Patton now assured Bradley that he could get to the Saar in three days and easily breach the West Wall with six infantry
and three armoured divisions, plus two groups, i.e. brigades, of
mechanized cavalry. Third Army numbered approximately a quarter of a million officers and men. Its opponents, the First German Army, had a total strength of only 86,000. Seven of the
eight enemy divisions were strung out on a front of 75 miles and the only reserve was the 11th Panzer Division with 69 tanks.
While the German formations were necessarily dispersed defensively,
Patton, with command of the air and ample mobility on the ground,
had the capacity to concentrate overwhelming force at any point he chose. Even on a basis of direct comparison he had an advantage of three to one in men, eight to one in tanks and a tremendous superiority in the artillery arm"
Patton was still failing to achieve his objective SIX WEEKS later when he was pulled out of the Lorraine.
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MC
With respect I didn't miss your point. You said Browning was in charge of the paratroop army. That is the point I was addressing. Bowning was not. General Lewis H Brereton was commanding general of First Allied Airborne Army and it was Brereton (together with General Paul Williams of the USAAF, and Air Vice Marshal Hollinghurst of the RAF) who presided over the really important decisions for Market Garden pre drop and these are what ultimately killed the operation. Browning was largely irrelevant. He didn't make any of the big overall First Allied Airborne Army decisions and nor did he make any of the divisional decisions. In truth he might as well not even been there. He was an irrelevant no man's land man in the middle. Neither at the very top nor a divisional commander.
Gavin made his own decisions around Nijmegen. It was miscommunication between Gavin and the 508th PIR that failed to move on the bridge on day one in a timely manner. Nothing to do with Browning. Nor was it Browning who made the decision to pull out of Nijmegen on the 18th. That was also by Gavin.
Though Browning, and Gavin, both prioritised the Groesbeek Heights, Browning never ordered Gavin to abandon any attempt on the bridge. In fact Browning told Gavin late on the 18th that the bridge must be taken the next day or at the very latest by the morning of the 20th.
"" It is fine to blame the 82nd commander for not taking the bridge but the overall commander gets a pass? BS. ""
The overall commander was Brereton. These decisions were all made pre drop to prioritise the Groesbeek Heights.
I haven't blamed Gavin at all. Gavin TWICE ordered Lindquist of the 508th PIR to move on the bridge. Allegedly, Gavin was mad as hell when he learned at 6.00 p.m that the 508th still hadn't moved on the bridge, even though they were ready and assembled at 3.00 p.m. Other decisions were made because the Germans reacted well and follow on reinforcement drops were canceled due to the weather.
I put the blame mostly on Brereton, Williams and Hollinghurst. They scuppered the plan before it even took off with their single missions on day one insistence (which even Montgomery could not persuade them to alter) and drops over a number of days. The Germans concluded this was the biggest mistake made by the allies in Market Garden. Browning himself specifically said the most crucial problem at Nijmegen was the non arrival of the 325th Glider Infantry Regiment on the 19th. Browning said had this occurred then the bridge may have been taken on the 19th. We wil never know if that was true or not.
""It was a stupid plan""
Then Brereton should have said so and should have told Monty the operation was stupid, couldn't be done and that FAAA wasn't capable enough, just as he told Monty his Scheldt paratroop alternative wasn't viable. General Gavin thought Market Garden was a good plan and that it would end the war quicker.
""done for political and personal glory more than military brilliance or necessity.""
It was done to try and end the war at a time the Germans looked down and out. Personal glory? But Montgomery also argued for the US 1st Army to advance on his southern flank to Aachen and beyond. The objective of Market Garden was to ONLY get a bridgehead across the Rhine, and also to cut off the Netherlands. The next phase would have been for the Americans to quickly advance to get into a position for both British 2nd Army and US 1st Army to then quickly take the industrial core of the Ruhr, which was expected to shorten he war.
If you argue that Market Garden was a stupid plan/idea then I'd love to know your thoughts about the Hurtgen Forest, which was a far bigger failure and suffered nearly 3 times as many casualties for nothing of note gained and then allowed the Ardennes to occur.
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MC
Well as a matter of fact Aachen and the Hurtgen are considered two separate battles, although within the dictate of a single US Army. The battle of Aachen October 2nd to 21st October and the battle for the Hurtgen Forest 19th September to 16th December (when the German Ardennes offensive superseded operations there). They aren't generally considered one and the same.
Your first paragraph actually makes Montgomery's argument for a concentrated thrust in the north with 4 armies a sound proposal. Montgomery argued against wasting resources and logistics in the south (Lorraine, Alsace, Vosges etc). Instead he argued for a 4 army thrust in the north, centred on Aachen and then the Ruhr. Eisenhower disagreed and instead choose to disperse his effort over the entire front, hundreds of miles. It is much easier to supply 4 armies on one front than to supply more armies on a much wider front all at the same time.
As to your second paragraph, it was the September 4th SHAEF intel summary which convinced Monty that the Germans in front of British 2nd Army were in a very poor state. Montgomery did not come up with this out of thin air. SHAEF intel told him that was the case. Eisenhower then took nearly a week just to get back to him and it was another week before the operation went ahead. The Germans had strengthened somewhat in those two weeks but it was too late to stop the operation. The First Allied Airborne Army was itching to get into combat and Brereton was enamored with the idea. Even Gavin was. Remember only the idea was Montgomery's. The planning,for Market at least, was worked out by the air commanders and Montgomery had to take a back seat, not having any jurisdiction over the FAAA, RAF and USAAF.
The Germans concluded that the biggest mistake made by the allies was dispersed drops over a number of days and that decisions rests with Brereton and Williams. Montgomery, and others including the individual divisions commanders and I believe Browning, argued for double mission flown on day one but Brereton and Williams refused. The RAF's decision to not fly closer to Arnhem was also a major reason.
Garden actually did quite well. Grave, where the 82nd were was reached by XXX Corps in 42 hours. That was 80% of the way.
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@johnathanh2660
Yes Eisenhower had enough on his plate, so therefore should never have taken on the job of C-in-C of all ground forces as well as Supreme Commander. That's TWO separate jobs. Montgomery was doing a good job of it already, from the Normandy beaches to being out of France and in Belgium in under 3 months. Excellent going, far exceeding all expectations.
Eisenhower himself said much. However, he never once said Churchill or Roosevelt pressured him into taking over ground strategy or the broad front so we can categorical reject that theory out of hand. It's a non starter.
You said Montgomery failed to deliver at Caen. That's why I brought up Bradley and St Lo. St Lo was also taken over a month behind schedule. Objective was D plus 9. Why did you criticise Montgomery for taking Caen when he said, but excused Bradley for not taking St Lo when he said? Bradley was facing very little in front of St Lo. Conversely, Montgomerys British and Canadian forces in front of Caen faced the densest concentration of German armour ever deployed in WW2. By the end of June there were 7 panzer divisions and a number of independent panzer battalions (Tigers, Jagdpanzers etc) defending Caen. Conversely, the Americans faced precisely ZERO panzer divisions before July. Bradley's lack of drive against St Lo in June was PRECISELY the reason why the Germans sent every single panzer division to the Caen frontage.
Eisenhower most certainly did NOT trust Bradley to be able to handle the Ardennes situation. Eisenhower had no confidence whatsoever in Bradley's ability to sort the whole disaster out. Bradley insisted he could. Eisenhower totally disagreed and already on just the 4th day of the battle had lost faith in Bradley and instead sent for Montgomery to come down and take over Bradley's US 1st and 9th Armies and to command everything north of the German salient. This is not opinion, this is fact. Bradley even telephoned Eisenhower after the decision to turn to Montgomery was made and Bradley protested. Eisenhower had to cut the conversation short with a "Well Brad, those are my orders" finality.
What do you mean what is my point about Paris/Brussels? You accused Montgomery of failing in his promises. When I factually point out that Montgomery actually EXCEEDED his promise and was in Brussels
So it was the weather which caused Eisenhowers broad front to fail, according to your revisionism? Except the weather was actual not that bad September to mid November 1944, and certainly wasn't the reason the advance stalled. Strange then that the weather didn't prevent Montgomerys Scheldt clearing operation from succeeding in October/November.... the only allied campaign in NW Europe to achieve its goals in autumn 1944. Very strange.
Tedder. Ah yes one of a number of senior British militarily commanders who were insanely jealous and frustrated at the fame and attention Montgomery had at home, while the general public at large had no idea who they were. Montgomery was the poster boy of the British fight against Nazi Germany ever since El Alamein. Conversely hardly anyone could pick Tedder out of a lineup if their lives depended on it. Of course they wished for Montgomery to disappear, despite the fact that he'd done more to help win the war in the west than any of them?
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