Comments by "Yo2" (@yo2trader539) on "TAKASHii"
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Imagine Japanese nationals/students living in your country. Some adjust easier, others find it harder to adapt and make local friends. There are many half-Japanese kids who live in Japan and have successful careers, from famous celebrities, actresses, Yokozuna, politicians, athletes, etc.
But they all have one thing in common. They are fluent in Japanese language, culture, and mannerism. Most foreigners in Japan cannot read Japanese menus. They are basically illiterate from a local perspective. The flip side is, you will not be an "outsider" if you can communicate like other Japanese people.
In reality, many foreign-nationals in Japan fail in social and cultural integration, which is why they are eternally foreigners/outsiders. They spend most of their time in expat bubbles with no connection to Japan. Basically they're just long-term guests/tourists from a local perspective. Depending on your bringing, it may be easier for you. But without sufficient knowledge/fluency of Japanese language, culture, mannerism, or norms...most Japanese will not know how to interact with you.
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@Eli_Pinheiro Racism or Colourism is complicated, even in Japan too because it's not simply about shades of darkness. It's actually about everything.
For instance, a Brazilian-national who has Italian/Russian/German ancestry may be treated differently or receive more privilege in Japan because they're more educated, wealthy, and well-mannered. But a Brazilian who is tattooed all over his body, no university education, and dresses like a thug could be stopped by Japanese police for Identification multiple times.
They're not being treated differently because of their skin-tone but the skin-tone is often directly linked to socioeconomic class, education-level, mindset, behavior, and culture.
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@Jo-Whale Thank you for the correction on "Akha." Latest genetic studies suggest that modern Japanese are a fusion of 3 different migrations. The JOMON people arrived during the last ice age (starting from around 30,000-40,000 years ago up to 12,000 years ago when the sea level was about 100-150 meters lower). They have Y-DNA Haplogroup D, and the highest concentration of D is observed among the Ainu people, Tohoku region, Southern Kyushu, and Okinawa. Around 40% of Japanese male lineage exhibit Haplogroup D. The other known people with this Halpogroup are the Himalayans/Tibetans, although the genetic separation is over 20,000 years ago. One group migrated east, one group went south...presumably.
The second large migration was about 3,000 years ago at the latest, as we can confirm their arrival to the Japanese isle from the irrigated rice fields found in Fukuoka City. They are commonly referred to as the YOYOI people out of convenience. (YAYOI-cho was the address name for University of Tokyo campus when they accidentally discovered Yayoi-style pottery.) They generally exhibit Y-DNA Haplogroup O1b2, and 40% of modern Japanese males and 30% of modern South Korean males shares this genetic ancestry.
O1b2 admixture ratio is higher in populations in SETO-NAIKAI and KANSAI region, i.e. warmer regions that were suited for irrigated rice farming. On the Korean peninsula, O1b2 becomes less frequent and almost non-existent in North Korea and Manchuria. They are known to have weak alcohol tolerance, as it's hypothesized to be a natural selection. (Apparently, people with weak alcohol tolerance have stronger immunity against infection diseases like Malaria which are often associated with irrigated rice farming in warm weathers.)
In the past few decades, Japanese researchers have tested every possible ethnic group from Russian Far East to China to Southeast Asia, but they weren't able to find a direct link with O1b2...which is why it's still a mystery. However, indigenous Taiwanese exhibit O1b1, and some Vietnamese and Austronesian & Tibeto-Burmese speakers inherit a variation of O1 Haplogroup. Thus, some scholars hypothesize that YAYOI migrants were descendants of the Yangtze Civilization, others claim they originated much more south in Fujian area, yet other scholars claim they are much from the North. (TORIGOE Kenzaburo thinks it's the Yangtze River delta because of the heavy focus on rice farmings, sun god worship, tattoos, stilt homes, etc)
The third migration was between 4th and 7th centuries, and this lineage has Y-DNA Haplogroup O2, which is a common genetic marker for Northern Han Chinese. Around 20% of modern Japanese males fall under this category. They were descendants of ethnic Northern Han Chinese who lived on the Korean peninsula, and they fled to Japan during the warring period. They were known as KIKA-JIN (帰化人) or TORAI-JIN (渡来人) throughout Japanese history. They were given clan/family names indicating their origins such as YAMATO-no-AYA (transliterated as 東漢氏) or KAWACHI-no-AYA (西漢氏). In this specific case, East is referring to Yamato or Nara basin, while West is referring to KAWACHI or Eastern Osaka region.
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@Jo-Whale Yes, Yayoi-cho is just a random address in Tokyo where the pottery was accidentally found. Archaeological findings hint that Yangtze River basin started experiencing extended periods of heavy flooding and cooler temperature circa 3,700-4,200 years ago, which eventually triggered migration into all directions. This migration is one of the reasons why irrigated rice farming spread to Southeast Asia and Northeast India. And many of the languages associated with Southeast Asia (such as Thai and Tibeto-Burmese) have its origin in Southern China.
The language that Yayoi-people spoke is still a mystery. The Yayoi migration started 3,000 years ago at the latest, and continued till 3rd century BC---ish. We don't even know if they all spoke a single/related language. I've heard some scholars make connection with Austronesian due to Japanese phonetics. Northern Chinese historians generally associated Japonic people to have similar customs to the Yangtze people. (More accurately, one of the Baiyue or 百越). According to Northern Wei records, Japanese calendar used to be 春秋暦 or Spring-Autumn Calendar, in which Spring-Autumn was counted as 1 year, and Autumn-Spring was another year. This implies that they were planting rice/crops twice in a year in a warm region. Northern Chinese records also say that Japanese diplomats claimed that they are related to the Wu people. (In some ironic twist, Shanghai has the largest number of Japanese expats.)
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@sunglee3935 Yes, the girl around 7:12. I honestly thought she is what Koreans may refer to as 僑胞 or Overseas Koreans. Indeed the JA and ZA are challenging for some Korean speakers. A typical example is the word 民族 (みんぞく or ethnicity). Correctly it should be MIN-ZOKU but native Korean speakers tend to pronounce it as MIN-JYOKU (with a "J"). I imagine that happens because they are the same/similar sounds in Korean language.
In a reverse example, I struggle with hearing the difference in K/G in the Korean language. For instance, the surname 金氏 would often be written as KIM with a "K," but 金浦空港 and 金海市 would be written as GIMPO Airport and GIMHAE City....with a "G").
In Japan, the Ministry of Education has a list of KANJI children need to learn each year. 1st grade is 80 KANJI, 2nd grade 160 KANJI, 3rd grade is 200 KANJI, etc...and text books will only include KANJI from that year and below. If you google 学年別漢字配当表 you'll find the list. And yes, most children would know what 部首 is. We learn it as にんべん、くさかんむり, etc in school.
FYI, if you're serious about learning KANJI, I'd highly recommend going on websites like Amazon Japan and ordering a KANJI flash card for elementary school kids. They usually have the best examples of how it should be written (書き順) as well as all the readings and example words . (I know they have English version website and deliver to US and Europe...so I'm pretty sure they deliver to South Korea as well.)
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@M_SID21 If you're talking about paternal Y-DNA Haplogroups, most Germanic-speaking males have R1b and most Slavic-speaking males have R1a (excluding the Balkans). Northern Indians and Iranians also have R1a due to Aryan migration from a few thousand years ago. The Sogdians who traded between Central Asia and China were also Eastern Iranic speaking Aryans. You can find their descendants in modern-day Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, China, etc.
As for Scythians, who are partial ancestors of many people living in the Eurasian steppe, their languages were majority Iranic and Turkic. Sorry to break it you but it's very unlikely that your ancestors spoke a Slavic language before around 1,000 years ago. Why do you think there are people like the Lipka Tatars in Poland and Baltic states? The common tongue in the Black Sea region and Eurasian steppe was Turkic from around 1,500 years ago. Many of their descendants were later Slavicized. Just look at old paintings of the Cossacks. Their hairstyle, clothing, weapons...are all nomadic Turkic. Even the name Cossack has a Turkic cognate.
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@Kalafior10 I question your knowledge of Japan, since most foreign-nationals living in Japan are from neighboring countries, and many have assimilated culturally and integrated socially. Many of them eventually naturalize to Japanese citizenship. Just to give you an example, there is a famous eye-doctor in Tokyo who is a descendant of the Manchu Imperial Family. She came from China, finished medical school in Japan, and now has a practice in Tokyo. (People will immediately notice when they see 愛新覚羅, which is a surname or clan-name you only encounter in history textbooks.)
We have an ethnic Korean from China (李相哲) who is one of Japan's leading experts on North Korean affairs. He used to be a journalist in China, later finished his graduate studies in Japan, and has been teaching at university for decades. We have quite a few ethnic Mongols from both Mongolia and China who run SUMO staples. And we have naturalized citizens like ARIFYA Eri who is elected as a Member of Parliament. She has Uyghur ancestry.
The list of famous people with non-Japanese backgrounds is quite long. And most international marriages are with people from neighboring countries. These days, you can find many half-Filipino celebrities in Japan, such as AKIMOTO Sayaka, HAYAMI Mokomichi, or TAKAHASHI Maryjune. The reality is you cannot be a second-class citizen in Japan if you're a foreigner, because you're not a citizen to begin with.
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We've witnessed a few Ukrainian refugees who've attained N2 in just 2 years of language school in Japan. Based on my experience of working with Nikkei-Brazilians and Peruvians who've relocated to Japan, I'd say having knowledge of basic grammar, vocab, and KANJI definitely helps with the pace of learning/absorption once you're in Japan. We see people from UK, CIS (aka former Soviet Union), Mongolia, South Korea, China, etc who've studied Japanese in their home countries, and many of them are able to read novels and newspapers. Their fluency in language helps them in job hunting, career, as well as Permanent Visa, etc.
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@Myacckt Majority of international marriages involving Japanese women, 7,646 cases in 2021, are with citizens of neighboring countries. Perhaps more people wanted to move to the US back in the 1980s. Citizenship of husband in 2021: South/North Korea 1,879 marriages; US 1,453 marriages; China 986 marriages; UK 367 marriages; Brazil 290 marriages; Philippines 156 marriages; Peru 90 marriages; and Thai 58. Unfortunately, everybody else is counted as others, which was 2,367 cases. (Anecdotally, some other common cases are Australia, Canada, NZ, Russia, France, Germany, Switzerland. )
South/North Korea can also be Special Permanent Residents (i.e. descendants of those who migrated to Japan prior to the end of WWII), and Brazil & Peru most likely refers to Japanese Descendants who live in Japan.
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