Comments by "" (@neutronalchemist3241) on "Metatron" channel.

  1.  @funkmaster2258  Why not physics or medicine at this point?
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  2. ​ @funkmaster2258  The "news lately" ceased to have something to do with Roman history several centuries ago.
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  3.  @vonzuchter  Both those shileds were less specialised, and so useful in a much more ample range of situations. The hoplon instead was effective only in a single specific situation and, even in that situation (frontal close-formation fight) it had been finally made obsolete simply by a longer spear.
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  4.  @vonzuchter  The hoplite phalanx was effective in a single specific situation. Pitched battle in an absolutely flat battlefield (or guarding a narrow passage, without any risk of being outflanked). In the wars between the Greek city-states it was effective because in their battles there was a large "ceremonial" part (in the peloponnesiac wars you really don't see ambushes or encounter battels, only pitched battles on flat battlefields, or sieges). The Romans, quit using it as soon as they started to fight the Samnites, that lived mainly on broken terrains, and adopted more flexible tactics.
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  5.  @vonzuchter  Greek Hoplites "dominated" the local wars between the Greek city-states (where both the parties used the same tactics) and managed to win some defensive clash with the Persians.
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  6. He covered that. Probably his disciples had their hair and beards the same way.
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  7. Actually there had not even been a real battle at Masada. All the Romans did was to build a siege ramp, then the defenders killed themself.
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  8. The construction of the siege ramp required some month, but the Zealots did not attempt to counterattack the builders (differently to what they did at Gerusalem), and committed mass suicide first than beginning to fight. That's what Roman records say.
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  9. You said "according to the Roman records". There are no other records. Romans usually reliably reported their losses and the tactics used by them and their enemies. They did in that war too. Why this siege should be different from the rest of the war? For the Romans it had been a small scale engagement, hardly worth of note. Moreover, a Roman commander couldn't hide his losses.
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  10. And what are the jewish records?
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  11. "naturally muscular" is not a thing. Legionaries were easily, on average, much more phisically fit than their enemies, since they trained constantly. Actually the Romans considered the Picts quite short. Romans stationed at Hadrian's wall referred to them as "Britunculi" (tiny Brits).
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  12.  @Sojju7  Italian land is mostly mountainous and the climate is arid so, to make even the plains fertile, you have to make massive irrigation works.
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  13.  @Sojju7  ​ Italian weather is made of few days of torrential rain and months of no rain at all. The soil is scarce, since the country is mostly mountainous and to cultivate the scarce plains requires massive irrigation works.
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  14. Mind that, in this case, "Greek" mainly means of the Magna Grecia, Greek colonies in Southern Italy.
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  15. He specified the period. 11th century Byzantine armies were much different from 1st century Roman legions.
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  16. A 1st century 9000 men (to keep the numbers even with the English at Agincourt, even it it would have been a very little army for Roman standards) strong Roman army would have been equipped with 90 carroballiste, capable to throw a 132cm long projectile to 650m, so they would have had the range advantage even vs the English longbows. Almost every legionary would have been equipped with a 400m range (so on par with a longbow) capable sling. The 1st century lorica segmentata was a very good protection against projectiles (it had been said that it had been deeloped to cope with Parthian composite bows), much better than anything the average English longbowman had (they were not unarmored, but the quality of protectioon varied wildly). Romans used several times the anti cavalry "square" formation (it was round in their case) using the pila as spears. Horses doesn't crush into dense packs of spears bristling infantry. Long pikes obviously were an advantage but, in medieval history, several times infantry formations less disciplined than the Romans, and without Swiss pikes, resisted to cavalry charges (IE at Legnano). Medieval knights had the advantage that usually they fought vs. very undisciplined militias, whose formations were very easy to disrupt. Mind too that most depended on the time too. Had the Romans some hour to build even very simple fortifications, even only the stimuli and campus liliorum (field traps for cavalry), the cavalry charge would have been complitely neutralized.
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  17.  @LionClanChief  The elephant was another common theme in Hellenistic coinage, since they were commonly used in war (infact already Pirrhus used them in Italy) and the one on the coin is an Asiatic elephant like them. There is no hint at all that coin had been minted during the second Punic war. It can very well be one century older.
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  18.  @LionClanChief  There is no hint at all that coin had been minted during the second Punic war. It can very well be one century older. The Pompeii statuette had been dated 1 century CE (the eruption that destroyed the city was 79AD), over two centuries after the second punic war.
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  19.  @LionClanChief  I've seen the studies done on them. You evidently didn't. The one you listed is not even a study, Is the description of auctions. Here is the source that debunks and counters your. SNG ANS 39-41; BMC Italy pg. 15, 19; SNG Copenhagen 47; Robinson Yeah, you didn't even read your "source". Have you done, you would have read: "ETRURIA, Uncertain. Circa 240-225 BC." and a series of "ETRURIA, Uncertain inland mint. Circa 300-250 BC" So, even to your "source", the minting of that coinage started AT LEAST 32 YEARS BEFORE THE START OF THE SECOND PUNIC WAR, WHEN HANNIBAL WAS NOT EVEN BORN YET. Have you other sources that disprove your point?
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  20. I've always considered brigandine and barbute my to-go armour for late medieval / early modern age. the better compromse between protection and comfort for most of the situations that could happen.
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  21. Is difficult to find datas for Germanic people of Roman times, but Viking males, form skeletons found (usually we find burial of high-class people, so the average height is probably overestimated, since in ancient times they tended to eat better and so be taller than the average peasant) had an average height of 172cm. We already talked about legionaries but, from skeletons, the average male population of Pompeii and Herculaneum (and there are no class differencies there, since they all perished in a natural disaster) was of 168cm, so the Germanic people were probably on average taller than the Romans, but nothing so dramatic. Several Roman sources said of one or another Gaul or Germanic population, that they were very tall, but often the Romans first seen members of the warrior elite. People that eat very well since childhood, and so were taller than the average. For the Romans, once you were a citizen, you were a citizen, period.
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  22. Then you'll have the complaints for when the local lord refused to fuck some bride because she was ugly as sin, and the lawsuits initiated by the peasants to make him meet his obligations.
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  23. In the classic latin pronunciation, "c" is always pronounced "hard", like "k", and the two vocals of a diphthong are always pronounced separately.
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  24.  @TheLoyalOfficer  First crusade, Jerusalem had been taken only with the arrival of the Genoese, among them the crosbowmen, that neutralised the Mameluc archers. Battle of Parma, 1248. Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II decisively defeated by the Lombard League (lost the entire army, camp, crown, banner, scepter and seal), among them, 600 Genoese crossbowmen. And obviously several naval battles (Meloria vs. Pisa, Curzola vs. Venice...)
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  25.  @pepperspray7386  The taunting of the enemies is not the most reliable source, otherwise all the Japanese should be myopic and with protruding teeth. Caesar reports one instance, and those that were taunting were members of the aforementioned warrior elite. That doesn't mean that the romans were "200cm tall heroes in shining segmentata" (that had yet to be invented BTW). As said, they were probably on average shorter than the Gauls and the Germanics but nothing so dramatic.
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  26. We can't? LOL!
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  27. Romans had ranged weapons. Ballistas and slings had longer range than even longbows.
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  28. Many countries had access to ballistas, but the Romans used as field weapons ballistas that medievals only would have used as siege weapons. It was an effect of the different logistic capability. Slings had been rended obsolete by the disappearance of the societies that produced the best slingers, while naval warfare produced the Genoese crossbowmen. It had been a rather common occurrence. Almogavars had been as much effective vs. heavy cavalry than Swiss pikemen, but, while the Swiss society was set to produce pikemen (so much that, when the warfare changed making them obsolete, the Swiss failed to adapt), Almogavars became no more acceptable among the Spanish one. A sling bullet would have been more effective vs an helmet and padded vest than a hand held crossbow dart vs a shield and lorica segmentata at any range, hovever, the best effect would have been vs the horses.
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  29. The extremely complicated tests made on helmets in middle age implied the use of a peasant and a mace. (jocking)
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  30.  @joshg8053  Yesterday there had been more new cases in the US than in Italy. It only arrived in Italy before.
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  31.  @allan7380  US are getting caught up in deaths too, since they shows the same exponential growth. May 22 registered deaths are 38% of the previous total.
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  32.  @allan7380  I tend to exclude that a deceased person with coronavirus symptoms had not been tested until yesterday. If that's the case, you can count all the personnel of the hospital as infected by now.
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  33.  @allan7380  You really need to start thinking before trying to give laughable lessons. Apart form the fact that I know the difference between rate and number of cases better than you (If the US are registering more new cases than Italy starting from a smaller base, it's evident that the US cases are increasing at a faster rate than in Italy) any new case recorded in the world is a is a newly discovered case. Cases are not recorded the very moment someone is infected. End of the lesson. You can return to your denial mode now.
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  34. This guy is a linguist and had given you the exact translation of Daniel, You should do some more studying and get a teacher that can teach you.
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  35.  @stlouisstl  Yeah, you read Aramaic, LOL! Tell less bullshit.
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  36.  @stlouisstl  Yeah, you are wrong again.
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  37. Actually in "Viking" era the main weapon production area was in France-Germany-Northern Italy. The more sophisticated weapons the Norses had were usually imported from there.
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  38.  @garrenbrooks4778  That means they were renaissance formations. Middle age begun a millennia before.
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  39.  @rotwang2000  Several times pike or pike and shot formations had been defeated by cavalry, but I don't know of instances where they had been defeated by cavalry charging directly into the formed square. Cavalry had to use other tactics, based on its superior maneuverability (attack without giving the pikemen time to form the square, bypass the pike formation and attack the camp, disrupt the square by other means before the charge...). However is not correct to state, as often did, that the pike killed the heavy cavalry. In reality pure pike formations and heavy cavalry, in western Europe ended at the same time, around 1520 in the Italian Wars, both killed by artillery and arquebusies (while the light cavalry survived, since it was more apt to use those flanking tactics). In Eastern Europe heavy cavalry survived for long (Winged Hussars) even in the age of pike-and-shot.
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  40. The problem at Teutoburg was not one on one combat. Having to march, the Romans were deployed in a long thin line, while the Germans could group unseen and attack having a STRONG local numerical superiority. The Iceni one on one? When?
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  41. Samurai was a personal service, and the personal samurai of Nobunaga Oda should have committed seppuku after his death. Obviously it was common for a daymo to pass some of his samurai to his relatives, especially sons, if it was needed. He could do it at any time, even moments before his death, but it wouldn't have made sense in that occasion, since in the Honnō-ji incident Oda Nobunaga only had about 30 people with him, while Nobutata, already a famous general, had 2000 warriors with him, so he didn't really need the adjunctive "protection" Yasuke would have provided. It seems more probable that, not being a samurai, but being loyal to the Oda clan, with the death of Nobunaga, Yasuke reached Nobutada to help him in his last stand. But it can be speculated instead that, not wanting his friend to die there, and knowing that, for a Christian, suicide was a capital sin, Nobunaga had simply said to Yasuke "you are the samurai of Nobutada now".
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  42. The "lead poisoning" theory lost most of its supporters. There is no evidence of lead poisoning in Roman skeletons found.
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  43. Middle age was actually very colourful. The staples of European dyeing industry were woad (blue) weld (yellow) and madder (red). It was difficult however to obtain very deep and bright colours. Those were reserved to the more refined and expensive dyes only the rich and nobles could afford. Woad blue is like this: https://burgschneider.eu/media/catalog/product/cache/1/image/960x/040ec09b1e35df139433887a97daa66f/f/r/freya-waidblau_2.jpg https://64.media.tumblr.com/136f54afd7cc88fd13b1720b7c2b07ba/tumblr_nnh8i66J0G1syvcrdo1_500.jpg
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  44. Still Hollywood or Netflix production have a budget of millions, and the armors ot the MAIN four or five characters seems to be taken at random from a depot. Wrong size, wrong timeframe, wrong pairing of the various pieces...
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  45.  @njarlblack1467  Hollywood armors are often not at the level of ready made armors, and ready made armors usually don't put a 15th century helmet over a 12th century mail armor. In movies or productions that costed hundreds of millions and are set in specific timeframes we se SPECIFICALLY TAILORED armors that make no sense at all. They didn't exist in any given time. Good quality specialised armorers work with the measures you send them. No need to send the actors around.
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  46.  @njarlblack1467  "The King" for example has a black armour for the main character that could have came from a fantasy movie. It wasn't true to any real style. It had been made specifically, someone paid, probably a lot, for it, and it was laughable. Serious reenactors have their tailored armors made by sending their measures to the armorers. You can make mistakes, like you can make them doing anything. The armor will be anyway MUCH better than what's usually shown in Hollywood or Netflix standard productions.
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  47. An Italian is likely to understand written French better than written Spanish, but spoken Spanish way better than spoken French. Because French words are more similar to Italian ones, but the pronunciation is completely different, while Italian and Spanish pronunciations are quite similar.
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  48. To hit with a wrong edge alignment is the easiest way to break a katana.
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  49.  @johnathanera5863  What he's saying is that a population doesn't know something if it's not common knowledge. So we don't know how to build a ship, or a suspension bridge, because it's not common knowledge.
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  50. Captain America's shield is a rotella, both for dimensions and placing of the straps. https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-AqfKBHGH9D8/VwLnkq8ENDI/AAAAAAAAITM/-WRsWCMqKsAiALmatmn07_2pwrOF1WQLw/s1600/Marozzo_spear_and_shield.png
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